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|       | **WRC-07 AGENDA ITEM 7.2:            |             |        |
|       | PRELIMINARY PROPOSALS FOR THE WORK   |             |        |
|       | OF THE CONFERENCE**                  |             |        |
+-------+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------+
|       | **(Item on the Agenda: 4.1)**        |             |        |
+-------+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------+
|       | **(Document submitted by the         |             |        |
|       | delegation of United States of       |             |        |
|       | America)**                           |             |        |
+-------+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------+

**Agenda item 7.2**

7.2 To recommend to the Council items for inclusion in the agenda for
the next WRC, and to give its views on the preliminary agenda for the
subsequent conference and on possible agenda items for future
conferences, taking into account Resolution **803 (WRC-03)**

**Introduction**

There is a growing global requirement for application of wireless
technology to enhance the complex operations of maritime centers. Among
the concerns are security of ships and ports; management and
identification of cargo; expedited transfer of pre-screened shipments;
coordination of sensors and monitors; rapid detection of dangerous,
unauthorized, or compromised shipments; and, enhanced interaction with
both local and national public protection resources. The International
Maritime Organization (IMO) recognized this need by its adoption of the
Code on International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS),
implemented as treaty by amendment to the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS)
Convention, with the understanding "that the establishment of such
measures will further enhance and positively contribute towards the
international efforts to ensure maritime security and to prevent and
suppress acts threatening the security in the maritime transport
sector", and invited contracting governments "to establish, as they may
consider necessary, and to disseminate, as they deem fit, appropriate
measures to enhance the security of ships and of port facilities".[^1]
The IMO Sub-Committee on Radiocommunications and Search and Rescue[^2]
(COMSAR) has actively supported terrestrial and satellite communication
and data exchange systems to enhance maritime safety and port security.
IMO's Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 81) approved new provisions in
Chapter V (Safety of Navigation) of SOLAS for Long Range Identification
and Tracking following the adoption of the ISPS Code which also
introduced a requirement for a Ship Security Alert System (SSAS). COMSAR
10 noted that integration of satellite and terrestrial technologies
enhance vessel and personal safety. Indeed, LRIT information can be used
for security, safety (including Search and Rescue) and protection of the
marine environment. The implementation of communication systems in the
VHF/UHF, MF/HF, and Satellite spectrum will enable the LRIT and SSAS
functions. Changes to the Radio Regulations, and in particular the
spectrum allocation table, are expected to be necessary in order to
ensure enhanced safety and security of ships and ports. As a result,
additional channels may be required for Automatic Identification (AIS)
purposes which, with the existing AIS channels, may require protection
and also authorization to operate in the mobile satellite service. There
is a need for improved identification, tracking, and surveillance of
international shipping and its cargo. Some administrations as well as
the International Standards Organization (ISO) are studying the spectrum
and standardization requirements for electronic seals used on freight
containers to provide a more secure international transportation system,
which include use of such technologies as a frequency hopping spread
spectrum (FHSS), passive frequency sensors and narrow band, active
frequency devices. [^3] Administrations with economic dependency upon a
maritime environment expect to recognize an economic benefit from an
international conformity on cargo standards. Also the transit of
shipments in technology enhanced maritime centers will be improved, thus
potentially providing compliant administrations an opportunity to create
a competitive advantage. IMO has also addressed measures to enhance
maritime security and has drafted performance standards and functional
requirements and adopted SOLAS Convention carriage requirements for the
Long-Range Identification and Tracking of Ships (LRIT) and the Ship
Security Alerting System (SSAS), noting that the integration of
satellite and terrestrial technologies enhance vessel and personal
safety. The integration of communication systems in the VHF/UHF, MF/HF,
and Satellite spectrum will enable the LRIT and SSAS functions to be
implemented. Changes to the Radio Regulations, and in particular the
spectrum allocation table, are expected to be necessary in order to
ensure enhanced safety and security of ships and ports.

**Proposal**

United States proposes to submit a new agenda item on Global Maritime
Operation Enhancements for Ship and Port Security to be considered at
WRC-2011, as shown in the attachment.

**ATTACHMENT**

**PROPOSAL FOR AN ADDITIONAL AGENDA ITEM GLOBAL MARITIME OPERATION
ENHANCEMENTS FOR SHIP AND PORT SECURITY**

**Subject: Global Maritime Operation Enhancements for Ship and Port
Safety and Security**

**Origin: United States of America**

***Background/reason:*** Over 170 administrations have one or more
maritime ports. Economic vitality and assurance, as well as, public
safety and security are enhanced by new standards and constant
introduction of spectrum efficient technology into the maritime
environment.

International Maritime Organization's (IMO) Maritime Safety Committee
(MSC 81) approved new provisions in Chapter V (Safety of Navigation) of
SOLAS for Long Range Identification and Tracking following the adoption
of the ISPS Code which also introduced a requirement for a Ship Security
Alert System (SSAS).

The integration of communication systems in the VHF/UHF, MF/HF, and
Satellite spectrum will enable the LRIT and SSAS functions to be
implemented. Changes to the Radio Regulations, and in particular the
spectrum allocation table, are expected to be necessary in order to
ensure enhanced safety and security of ships and ports.

***Radiocommunication services concerned:***

Mobile, Fixed

***Indication of possible difficulties:***

No specific difficulties are foreseen since the requirements have been
established by IMO and there are global initiatives for safety and
security.

***Previous/ongoing studies on the issue:***

Based on Resolution **342 (Rev. WRC-2000)** and Resolution **351
(WRC-03),** WP 8B has studied improved efficiency and the introduction
of new digital technology. Refer to the following studies;

Draft new Report ITU-R M.\[SAT_DET_AIS\] - Satellite detection of
automatic identification system messages; and

-   Draft modification of Question ITU-R 96-1/8 - Improved efficiency in
    the use of the band 156-174 MHz by maritime safety and port security
    stations in the maritime mobile service.

-   ITU-R Report M.2082 - Modifications of Appendix 17 of the Radio
    Regulations (Frequencies and channelling arrangements in the
    high-frequency bands for the maritime mobile service) for a possible
    solution of agenda item 1.13 (Resolution 351 (WRC-03)); and

***ITU-R Study Groups concerned:***

SG 8, SG 1, SG 9

***ITU Resource implications; including financial indications (refer to
CV 126)***

No additional resources are expected from ITU-R.

***CITEL Common proposal:*** TBD ***Multicountry proposal:*** TBD

***Remarks: This proposal is supported by the IMO.***

**Proposal:**

**MOD** USA/ /1

**RESOLUTION 803 (WRC-~~03~~[07]{.underline})**

Agenda for the 2011 World Radiocommunication Conference

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva,
200~~3~~[7]{.underline}),

**ADD** USA/ /2

**2.XYZ** To consider spectrum requirements, emerging spectrum efficient
technologies, and possible additional spectrum allocations to support
the increasing spectrum complexity and dependency of maritime operations
which protect and improve the economic environment through enhancement
of ship and port safety and security in accordance with Resolution
**\[USA-4\]**.

**Reason:** Meet the needs of international maritime shipping, including
but not limited to improvements in ship and cargo identification,
tracking, and surveillance, and enhancements in ship and port facility
safety and security. To augment existing automated systems for cargo
categories that are high value and high priority.

**ADD** USA/ /3

**RESOLUTION \[USA-4\] (WRC-07)**

**Consideration of spectrum allocations for use by maritime ship and
port security systems**

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2007),

*considering*

*a)* that there is increasing need, on a global basis, to enhance ship
and cargo identification, tracking, and surveillance as well as ship and
port safety and security;

*b)* that IMO adoption of the International Ship and Port Facility
Security (ISPS) Code, specifically Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS)
Convention Chapter XI-2 on special measures to enhance maritime security
requires the implementation of long range spectrum dependent systems;

*c)* that the introduction of the shipborne universal Automatic
Identification System (AIS) (ITU-R Rec. M.1371 series) offers potential
enhancements to ship safety and port security;

*d)* that studies within ITU-R WP 8B indicate that additional AIS
channels in the mobile satellite service may be required to enhance
global ship tracking capabilities;

e)  that advanced maritime HF data systems may be used to deliver
    security alerts and safety information to global regions not under
    satellite coverage;

f)  that additional studies within ITU-R WP 8B on spectrum efficient
    radio technologies may be required to resolve these multi-faceted
    spectrum requirements,

noting

*a)* that Resolution **342 (Rev. WRC-2000)** has considered new
technologies to provide improved efficiency in the use of the bands in
**Appendix 18** by stations in the maritime mobile service;

*b)* that Resolution **351 (WRC-03)** has reviewed the frequencies and
channelling arrangements in the MF and HF bands**,**

recognizing

*a)* that there is a global requirement to enhance ship and port
security via spectrum dependent systems;

*b)* that existing and future technologies for Ship Security and
Alerting Systems (SSAS), introduced as a result of the ISPS Code
referred to in *considering b),* will require long range communications
links and networks between mobile ships and shore based stations;

*c)* that existing and future technologies for Ship Security and
Alerting Systems (SSAS) will require long range communications links and
networks between mobile ships and shorebased stations;

*d)* that due to the importance of these radio links in ensuring the
safe and secure operation of international shipping and commerce, they
must be resilient to interference;

e)  that studies will be required to provide a basis for considering
    regulatory changes, including additional allocations and
    recommendations, designed to accommodate spectrum requirements of
    ship and port security, consistent with the protection of incumbent
    services;

f)  that the ITU and international standards organizations have
    initiated related studies on spectrum efficient technology,

resolves

1 that WRC-11 considers amendment to provisions of the Radio Regulations
necessary for the operation of ship and port safety and security
systems;

2 that WRC-11 consider additional allocations to the maritime mobile
and/or maritime mobile-satellite service to support the requirements
identified in *resolves* 1.

*further resolves to invite the ITU-R*

1 to conduct, as a matter of urgency, studies to determine the spectrum
requirements and potential frequency bands suitable to support ship
safety and port security systems; 2 that the studies referred to in
*further resolves* 1 should include sharing and compatibility studies
with services already having allocations in potential spectrum for ship
safety and port security systems, and to facilitate sharing;

2.  to conduct, as a matter of urgency, studies to determine the
    applicability of spectrum efficient technologies which might
    mitigate the initial spectrum requirements and potential frequency
    bands referred to in *further resolves* 1;

3.  that the studies referred to in *further resolves* 3 should, if
    applicable, mitigate the results of *further resolves* 2.

*further invites*

all members of the Radiocommunications Sector, the International
Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Association of Marine
Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) to contribute to
these studies.

*instructs the Secretary-General*

to bring this Resolution to the attention of the International Maritime
Organization (IMO), the International Association of Marine Aids to
Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) and other international and
regional organizations concerned.

Annex 1

**[MOD]{.mark}** [USA/ / 4]{.mark}

RESOLUTION 351 (WRC-07)

Review of the frequency and channel arrangements in the MF and\
HF bands allocated to the maritime mobile service with a view to\
improving efficiency by considering the use of new digital\
technology by the maritime mobile service

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2007),

considering

*a)* that the agenda of this Conference included consideration of the
use of new digital technology in the maritime mobile service (MMS) in
the MF and HF bands;

*b)* that the introduction of new digital technology in the MMS shall
not disrupt the distress and safety communications in the MF and HF
bands including those established by the International Convention for
the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amended;

*c)* that changes made in Appendix **17** should not prejudice the
future use of these frequencies or the capabilities of systems or new
applications required for use by the MMS;

*d)* that the need to use new digital technologies in the MMS is growing
rapidly;

*e)* that the use of new digital technology on HF and MF frequencies
allocated to the MMS will make it possible to better respond to the
emerging demand for new services;

*f)* that the HF bands allocated to the MMS for A1A Morse telegraphy are
not used for this purpose and narrow-band direct-printing are (NBDP)
allocations are utilized only by a small number of low volume residual
services at present;

*g)* that there are new HF data exchange technologies capable of
delivering MSI

*h)* that the IMO supports the frequencies of Appendix **15,**
concerning NBDP, be retained for the foreseeable future.

*i)* that the ITU Radiocommunication Sector is conducting ongoing
studies to improve the efficient use of these bands,

noting

a)  that different digital technologies have already been developed and
    are in use in the MF and HF bands in several radiocommunication
    services,

b\) that new maritime HF data transfer protocols have already been
developed to replace general narrow-band-direct-printing communications

noting also

that WRC-2003 has modified Appendix **17** to permit the use of various
channels or bands identified in the MF and HF bands for the introduction
of new digital technology,

resolves

1 that, in order to provide full worldwide interoperability of equipment
on ships, there should be one technology, or more than one interoperable
worldwide technology to serve the MMS.

2 that, as soon as the ITU‑R studies are completed, a future competent
conference should consider necessary changes to Appendix **17** to
enable the use of new technology by the MMS,

invites ITU-R

to finalize studies currently ongoing:

-- to identify future requirements of the MMS;

-- to identify the technical characteristics necessary to facilitate use
of digital systems in the MF and HF bands allocated to the MMS, taking
into account any relevant ITU‑R Recommendations;

-- to identify the digital system(s) to be used in the MF/HF bands by
the MMS;

-- to identify any necessary modifications to the frequency table
contained within Appendix **17**;

-- to propose a timetable for the introduction of new digital
technologies and any consequential changes to Appendix **17**;

-   to recommend how digital technologies can be introduced while
    ensuring compliance with distress and safety requirements,

instructs the Secretary-General

to bring this Resolution to the attention of the International Maritime
Organization, the International Civil Aviation Organization, the
International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse
Authorities and the Comité International Radio-Maritime.

**Reasons:** There are still several studies underway that need to be
completed prior to resolving this issue. IMO is still in the process of
developing HF Data system performance requirements. These studies should
be completed prior to the next Conference, where the appropriate changes
to the RR can be considered.

[^1]: IMO CONFERENCE OF CONTRACTING GOVERNMENTS TO THE INTERNATIONAL
    CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974,
    SOLAS/CONF.5/5/Rev.1, 6 Dec 2006. SOLAS chapter XI has been amended
    to include special measures for maritime security (XI-1 and XI-2)

[^2]: IMO COMSAR 10/16, Report to the Maritime Safety Committee, dated
    27 March 2006.

[^3]: International Organization for Standardization Technical Committee
    104 -- Freight Containers (ISO TC 104) letter to ITU-R dated 21 May,
    2003.