**The Forest Inventory and Analysis Database: Database Description and
User\'s Manual**

by

Larry Bednar, Gary J. Brand, Thomas Frieswyk, Joseph F. Glover, Patrick
D. Miles, Sharon W. Woudenberg

Foreword

Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) is a continuing endeavor mandated by
Congress in the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of
1974 and the McSweeney-McNary Forest Research Act of 1928. FIA\'s
objective is to periodically determine the extent, condition, volume,
growth, and depletions of timber on the Nation\'s forest land. This kind
of up-to-date information is essential to frame realistic forest
policies and programs. USDA Forest Service regional research stations
are responsible for conducting these inventories and publishing summary
reports for individual states.

In addition to published reports, the Forest Service can also provide
portions of the data collected in each inventory to those interested in
further analysis. This report describes a standard format in which data
can be obtained. This standard format, referred to as the Forest
Inventory and Analysis Database (FIADB) structure, was developed to
provide users with as much data as possible in a consistent manner
between States. FIADB files can be obtained for any State inventory
conducted after 1988 (eastern U.S.) or 1994 (western U.S.). Files for
many State inventories conducted before this time may also be available;
however, some data fields may be empty or the items may have been
collected or computed differently. Inventories initiated after 1997 use
a common sampling design nationwide resulting in greater consistency
between FIA units than earlier inventories. Data field definitions note
inconsistencies caused by different sampling designs.

Acknowledgement

The material in this manual is based on previous efforts to provide a
uniform database for multiple FIA units (Hansen *et al*. 1992,
Woudenberg and Farrenkopf 1995). We also thank ??Carol Alerich, Stan
Arner, Edward Ezzell, Mark Hansen, Bruce Hiserote, Brian Johnston, Neil
McKay, Roy Mita, Mark Rubey, and Shirley Waters?? for their valuable
assistance.

Chapter 1 \-- The FIA Database

This manual describes a database that has a uniform data structure for
FIA inventories nationwide. Its creation is part of an ongoing effort by
FIA to produce consistent inventory data and summaries nationwide.
Specifically, the intent is to provide data to:

1\) produce standard FIA tables of timber resource statistics (see
Appendix B),

2\) meet Resource Planning Act Assessment data requirements,

3\) provide users with a common source for integrated FIA plot and tree
data, and

4\) estimate changes in forestland area and timber volume between
successive FIA inventories.

The database replaces two FIA regional databases, one for the eastern
States (Eastwide database) and the other for the western States
(Westwide database), which are documented in separate manuals (Hansen et
al. 1992, Woudenberg and Farrenkopf 1995). A new national plot design
has provided the impetus for replacing these two databases. FIA units
are adopting this design in all State inventories initiated after 1997.
An overview of the design is presented in Chapter 2.

Although specifically intended to store data collected with the new
design, it also stores data from FIA inventories completed prior to
adoption of the national plot design. These older inventories are always
included in the database if they are the most recently completed
inventory in a State. Optionally, FIA units may elect to include data
from other older inventories. The level of data consistency among these
older inventories varies depending on when, where, and how the data were
collected and compiled. Generally, notes are provided in Chapter 3
indicating when a data element differs among FIA units or between
successive inventories. We have also noted when differences occur
between these older inventories and inventories conducted using the new
national plot design. It is recommended that users contact the FIA unit
that produced any of these older inventories for additional details.

The database contains extensive data on forest area attributes and on
the status of live and standing dead trees. However, it does not include
all data collected and compiled by FIA units. In particular, data on
dead and down trees, understory (non-tree) vegetation, and many abiotic
attributes are not included. The user should contact individual FIA
units to determine the availability of these data.

Users needing estimates of change in seedling density, forest land area,
or timberland volume should note the following cautions. Tree lists
contained in this database may be significantly truncated on plots that
sample very young stands predominantly stocked with seedlings (trees
less than one inch at the point of diameter measure). Seedlings often
are tallied in FIA inventories only to the extent necessary to determine
if some minimum number is present, which means that seedlings are often
under reported relative to the actual number present. The database is
not designed to provide valid estimates of change in forest land area
between successive inventories that predate the new national plot
design. Computations of various components of volume change should
carefully mimic the examples given in Chapter 4.

Data for individual States is available through the Internet using the
address: <http://www.srsfia.usfs.msstate.edu/scripts/ew.htm>

Users accessing this web site can choose to create standard or custom
tables or to download the data to their own computer. Also, users can
contact individual FIA units to request comma-delimited files with the
variables described in Chapter 3.

Chapter 2 describes FIA sampling and estimation procedures and Chapter 3
provides detailed documentation of the database. Chapter 4 presents
algorithms on how to compute estimates of area, current timber volume,
biomass, number of trees, and annual timber volume growth, mortality,
and removals.

Chapter 2 \-- FIA Sampling and Estimation Procedures

Users of the FIADB need a basic concept of FIA sampling and estimation
procedures in order to understand the type of data available. A general
discussion of these sampling procedures follows. Specific sampling
methods have varied between FIA units, and even between States within an
FIA unit. Users who require additional information about sampling
procedures for a specific State should contact the group responsible for
that State\'s inventory. As new inventories are completed, the common
sampling design being implemented will produce greater consistency in
the compiled data.

Remote Sensing

Each State inventory begins with the interpretation of a remotely sensed
sample that classifies the land by various remote sensing classes. The
total area of a sample comes from outside sources (usually Bureau of
Census reports). The remote sensing classifications are based on land
use (pasture, cropland, urban, etc.). For forested land, more detailed
classes are sometimes defined based on criteria such as forest type,
volume per acre, stand size, stand density, ownership and/or stand age.
Then, ground plots are taken to adjust the remote sensing sample for
changes since its acquisition date and misclassification. Ground plots
also provide estimates that cannot be made from a remotely sensed
sample. The remote sensing classification of these ground plots,
together with the area estimates from the remote sensing sample, is used
to assign area expansion factors to all ground plots. These area
expansion factors are used to weight plot-level estimates when computing
estimates for selected strata of the population. Selection criteria for
remote sensing classes and computation of area expansion factors are
different from State to State. Users interested in the details of how
these expansion factors were assigned to the ground plots for a
particular State should contact the appropriate FIA unit.

Ground Sampling

FIA plots are designed to cover a one-acre sample area; however, not all
trees on the acre are measured. Recent inventories use a national
standard, fixed-radius plot layout for sample tree selection. Various
arrangements of fixed radius and variable radius (prism) subplots were
used to select sample trees to be measured in older inventories. Ground
plots may be new plots that have never been measured before, or
remeasurement plots that have had measurements taken during a previous
inventory. For all plots, several observations are recorded for each
sample tree, including its diameter, species, and other measurements
that enable the prediction of the tree\'s volume, growth rate, and
quality. These tree measurements form the basis of the data on the tree
records in the FIADB.

Some of the data items in the FIADB come directly from field
measurements; others are computed from tree measurements. Net cubic foot
volume is a computed item. Each FIA unit uses a volume equation to
compute this volume based on diameter, taken either at breast height
(DBH) or root collar (DRC), and other tree and/or stand attributes.
Although equations vary from State to State, they were all designed to
estimate the same volume.

One important computed item is the tree expansion factor. This item
expresses the number of trees per acre that each sampled tree represents
in the current inventory. It is the inverse of the size of the plot the
tree was sampled on. For example, if the plot design samples trees under
5 inches DBH on a single fixed-radius plot covering 1/100th acre, this
item would have the value 100 trees per acre for a tree less than 5
inches DBH. If trees 5 inches DBH and larger are sampled with ten 37.5
BAF (English) prism points, as was common with FIA plots in the eastern
U.S., the expansion factor would depend on the DBH of the tree. Under
such a sample, a 14.0-inch tree would have an expansion factor of 3.51
trees per acre, again the inverse of the plot size[^1].

A national plot design was adopted in the mid 1990's. Now all FIA units
have implemented a common sampling design consisting of four 24.0-foot
radius subplots (approximately 1/24th acre) for trees at least 5 inches
in diameter and four 6.8-foot radius microplots (approximately 1/300th
acre) for smaller trees. Therefore, tree expansion factors are
approximately 6 for trees at least 5 inches in diameter and
approximately 75 for the smaller trees. Subplot 1 is the center of the
cluster with the other three subplots located 120 feet away at azimuths
of 360°, 120°, and 240°, respectively. Another characteristic of the new
design is mapping differing forest conditions. Forest type, stand size
class, stand density, stand origin, owner group, and reserve status
define a condition. If two or more conditions occur within a plot, the
boundary between them is mapped and the proportion of the plot in each
condition is recorded.

The items in the condition table are estimates of average attributes for
the portion of the plot in that condition. Previous inventories did not
map conditions. Instead, some attributes were assigned the value
determined for plot center or subplots were shifted so that they fell
within the same stand as plot center.

Computed expansion factors are needed to estimate growth, mortality, and
removals. Growth can be estimated by measuring the tree at two times, by
measuring growth rings on an increment core, or by using a model. The
method used, along with the sampling design, determines the value for
the expansion factors needed to compute growth. Mortality can also be
estimated from remeasured or new plots. With inventories that have
remeasurement plots, mortality is based on trees that die during the
remeasurement period. In cases where new plots provide estimates of
mortality, the estimation is from either a mortality prediction equation
that predicts the probability that a tree will die over some time
period, or from a field estimate of mortality based on the measurement
of dead trees and an estimate of when they died. Depending on the
inventory design, removals may be estimated from observations of trees
cut on either new or remeasured plots.

Effort has been made with the FIADB to provide as consistent data as
possible from one State to another. Therefore, although differences in
field and estimation procedures do exist between States, the data in the
FIADB for different States are compatible. Differences that do exist are
minor, and should have little or no impact on most uses of this data.
Consistency will increase as inventories incorporating the new common
sampling design are completed.

Accuracy Standards

Forest inventory plans are designed to meet sampling error standards for
area, volume, growth and removals provided in the Forest Service
Handbook (FSH 4809.11). These standards, along with other guidelines,
are aimed at obtaining comprehensive and comparable information on
timber resources for all parts of the country. FIA inventories are
commonly designed to meet the specified sampling errors at the State
level at the 67 percent confidence limit (one standard error). The
sampling error for area cannot exceed three percent error per one
million acres of timberland. Five percent (eastern U.S.) or 10 percent
(western U.S.) error per one billion cubic feet of growing stock on
timberland is applied to volume, removals, and net annual growth. Unlike
the mandated sampling error for area, sampling errors for volume,
removals, and growth are targets.

FIA inventories are extensive inventories that provide reliable
estimates for large sampling areas. As data are subdivided to smaller
and smaller areas, such as a geographic unit or a county, the sampling
errors increase and the reliability of the estimates goes down. For
example, a State with five million acres of timberland would have a
maximum allowable sampling error for area of 1.3% (3% x (1,000,000)^.5^
/ (5,000,000)^.5^), a geographic unit within that State with one million
acres of timberland would have a 3.0% maximum allowable sampling error
(3% x (1,000,000)^.5^ / (1,000,000)^.5^), and a county within that State
with one hundred thousand acres would have a 9.5% maximum allowable
sampling error (3% x (1,000,000)^.5^ / (100,000)^.5^) at the 67 percent
confidence level.

Chapter 3 \-- Database Structure

The FIA Database is a relational database structured for the Oracle
Database Management System. By the nature of the way FIA data are
collected and compiled, these Oracle tables are hierarchical. This
structure makes it easy to produce flat files for customers who do not
have access to, or the capability of, database management on their
computer system.

For each column or variable in a table, there is a section that
describes the unabbreviated name and detailed description of the
variable. Coded items also include a list of the codes and their
meanings.

Users need to exercise caution when summarizing numeric variables with
special values (usually -1) assigned to designate missing values. For
example, computing averages of elevation, site index, or total height
without accounting for those entries coded as --1 will give erroneous
results.

Survey Table (Oracle table name is SURVEY)

Value or Key

Column Oracle unit of data

[name data type measure item]{.underline}

1\. TABLENM VARCHAR2 (8) SURVEY

2\. STATECD NUMBER (4) Coded X

3\. CYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X

4\. SUBCYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X

5\. STATEAB VARCHAR2 (2) Name

6\. STATENM VARCHAR2 (28) Name

7\. INVYR NUMBER (4) Year (YYYY)

8\. LOADDATE NUMBER (8) Month-Day-Year (MMDDYYYY)

9\. CENSUSYR NUMBER (4) Year (YYYY)

10\. NFSYR NUMBER (4) Year (YYYY)

11\. RSCD NUMBER (2) Coded

12\. NOTES VARCHAR2 (2000) Character

1\. TABLENM Table name. Identifies the table to which the record
belongs.

2\. STATECD State code. Bureau of the Census Federal Information
Processing Standards (FIPS) 2-digit code for each state except Alaska
(Table 1). Alaska is divided into 8 inventory sections (see Table 1 for
codes).

3\. CYCLE Inventory cycle number. For example, a 4 would indicate the
data came from the fourth inventory of that state. A cycle number
greater than 1 does not necessarily indicate information for previous
cycles resides in the database.

4\. SUBCYCLE Inventory subcycle number. For an annual inventory that
takes n years to measure all plots, subcycle indicates in which of the n
years of the cycle the data was measured. Subcycle is 0 for a periodic
inventory.

5\. STATEAB State abbreviation. The two-character state abbreviation
(Table 1).

6\. STATENM State name. State names are left justified. Only the first
28 characters of the name are used (Table 1).

7\. INVYR Inventory year. The calendar year that the current inventory
data represent (e.g. 1994). FIA data are often collected over more than
1 year; however, a specific year is selected that best represents the
inventory. FIA publications based on an inventory are said to be an
analysis of the forest resource as of this date.

8\. LOADDATE Version date. Date that data was loaded into the database.

9\. CENSUSYR Census year. The year (e.g. 1980 or 1990) of the Bureau of
the Census land area figures to which total state land area is
reconciled.

10\. NFSYR National Forest System Area Control Year. The year to which
the National Forest System area is reconciled (-1 if not applicable).

11\. RSCD Region or Station ID. Region or Station contributing the data.

Code Region or Station and phone number.

1 Region 1, Northern Region

2 Region 2, Rocky Mountain Region

3 Region 3, Southwestern Region

4 Region 4, Intermountain Region

5 Region 5, Pacific Southwest Region

6 Region 6, Pacific Northwest Region

8 Region 8, Southern Region

9 Region 9, Eastern Region

10 Region 10, Alaska Region

22 Rocky Mountain Research Station, (801) 625 5388

23 North Central Research Station, (612) 649-5139

24 Northeastern Research Station, (610) 975 4075

26 Pacific Northwest Research Station, (503) 321 5843

27 Alaska - Pacific Northwest Research Station, (907) 271 2588

29 Southern Research Station - SE Area, (704) 257 4350

30 Southern Research Station - SO Area, (601) 338 3100

12\. NOTES An optional item where notes about the inventory may be
stored.

Table 1. Codes used for STATENM, STATEAB, and STATECD. Also listed is
the FIA unit (RSCD) responsible for collecting data in that state.

+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > *        | *     | *     | >  | > **      | *     | *     | ** |
| *STATENM** | *STAT | *STAT | ** | STATENM** | *STAT | *STAT | RS |
|            | EAB** | ECD** | RS |           | EAB** | ECD** | CD |
|            |       |       | CD |           |       |       | ** |
|            |       |       | ** |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Alabama  | AL    | 01    | >  | >         | MN    | 27    | 23 |
|            |       |       | 30 | Minnesota |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Alas     | AK    | 102   | >  | > Mi      | MS    | 28    | 30 |
| ka-section |       |       | 27 | ssissippi |       |       |    |
| > 1        |       |       |    |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Alas     | AK    | 202   | >  | >         | MO    | 29    | 23 |
| ka-section |       |       | 27 |  Missouri |       |       |    |
| > 2        |       |       |    |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Alas     | AK    | 302   | >  | > Montana | MT    | 30    | 22 |
| ka-section |       |       | 27 |           |       |       |    |
| > 3        |       |       |    |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Alas     | AK    | 402   | >  | >         | NE    | 31    | 23 |
| ka-section |       |       | 27 |  Nebraska |       |       |    |
| > 4        |       |       |    |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Alas     | AK    | 502   | >  | > Nevada  | NV    | 32    | 22 |
| ka-section |       |       | 27 |           |       |       |    |
| > 5        |       |       |    |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Alas     | AK    | 602   | >  | > New     | NH    | 33    | 24 |
| ka-section |       |       | 27 | >         |       |       |    |
| > 6        |       |       |    | Hampshire |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Alas     | AK    | 702   | >  | > New     | NJ    | 34    | 24 |
| ka-section |       |       | 27 | > Jersey  |       |       |    |
| > 7        |       |       |    |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Alas     | AK    | 802   | >  | > New     | NM    | 35    | 22 |
| ka-section |       |       | 27 | > Mexico  |       |       |    |
| > 8        |       |       |    |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Arizona  | AZ    | 04    | >  | > New     | NY    | 36    | 24 |
|            |       |       | 22 | > York    |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Arkansas | AR    | 05    | >  | > North   | NC    | 37    | 29 |
|            |       |       | 30 | >         |       |       |    |
|            |       |       |    |  Carolina |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| >          | CA    | 06    | >  | > North   | ND    | 38    | 23 |
| California |       |       | 26 | > Dakota  |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Colorado | CO    | 08    | >  | > Ohio    | OH    | 39    | 24 |
|            |       |       | 22 |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > C        | CT    | 09    | >  | >         | OK    | 40    | 30 |
| onnecticut |       |       | 24 |  Oklahoma |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Delaware | DE    | 10    | >  | > Oregon  | OR    | 41    | 26 |
|            |       |       | 24 |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Florida  | FL    | 12    | >  | > Pen     | PA    | 42    | 24 |
|            |       |       | 29 | nsylvania |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Georgia  | GA    | 13    | >  | > Rhode   | RI    | 44    | 24 |
|            |       |       | 29 | > Island  |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Hawaii   | HI    | 15    | >  | > South   | SC    | 45    | 29 |
|            |       |       | 26 | >         |       |       |    |
|            |       |       |    |  Carolina |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Idaho    | ID    | 16    | >  | > South   | SD    | 46    | 23 |
|            |       |       | 22 | > Dakota  |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Illinois | IL    | 17    | >  | >         | TN    | 47    | 30 |
|            |       |       | 23 | Tennessee |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Indiana  | IN    | 18    | >  | > Texas   | TX    | 48    | 30 |
|            |       |       | 23 |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Iowa     | IA    | 19    | >  | > Utah    | UT    | 49    | 22 |
|            |       |       | 23 |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Kansas   | KS    | 20    | >  | > Vermont | VT    | 50    | 24 |
|            |       |       | 23 |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Kentucky | KY    | 21    | >  | >         | VA    | 51    | 29 |
|            |       |       | 24 |  Virginia |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| >          | LA    | 22    | >  | > W       | WA    | 53    | 26 |
|  Louisiana |       |       | 30 | ashington |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Maine    | ME    | 23    | >  | > West    | WV    | 54    | 24 |
|            |       |       | 24 | >         |       |       |    |
|            |       |       |    |  Virginia |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Maryland | MD    | 24    | >  | >         | WI    | 55    | 23 |
|            |       |       | 24 | Wisconsin |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Mas      | MA    | 25    | >  | > Wyoming | WY    | 56    | 22 |
| sachusetts |       |       | 24 |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+
| > Michigan | MI    | 26    | >  |           |       |       |    |
|            |       |       | 23 |           |       |       |    |
+------------+-------+-------+----+-----------+-------+-------+----+

County Table (Oracle table name is COUNTY)

Value or Key

Column Oracle unit of data

[name data type measure item]{.underline}

1\. TABLENM VARCHAR2 (8) COUNTY

2\. STATECD NUMBER (4) Coded X

3\. UNITCD NUMBER (2) Coded X

4\. COUNTYCD NUMBER (3) Coded X

5\. COUNTYNM VARCHAR2 (28) Name

6\. UNITNM VARCHAR2 (28) Name

1\. TABLENM Table name. Identifies the table to which the record
belongs.

2\. STATECD State code. Bureau of the Census Federal Information
Processing Standards (FIPS) 2-digit code for each state except Alaska
(Table 1). Alaska is divided into 8 inventory sections (see Table 1 for
codes).

3\. UNITCD Survey unit number. Forest Inventory and Analysis survey unit
identification number. Survey units are usually groups of counties
within each state. In some states (especially those in the West) lands
from particular owners (e.g. National Forests or Bureau of Land
Management) comprise a distinct unit. See Appendix C for codes.

4\. COUNTYCD County code. A code for each county, watershed, borough, or
similar governmental unit in a state. FIPS codes from the Bureau of the
Census, 1990, are used if a single county is represented. See Appendix C
for specific codes.

5\. COUNTYNM County name. County name as recorded by the Bureau of the
Census, 1990, for individual counties, or the name given to a similar
governmental unit by the FIA program. County names are left justified.
Only the first 28 characters of the name are used. See Appendix C for
names.

6\. UNITNM Unit name. A 28-character name given to each survey unit for
descriptive purposes.

Plot Table (Oracle table name is PLOT)

Value or Key

Column Oracle unit of data

[name data type measure item Needed1]{.underline}

1\. TABLENM VARCHAR2 (8) PLOT

2\. STATECD NUMBER (4) Coded X A

3\. CYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X A

4\. SUBCYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X A

5\. UNITCD NUMBER (2) Coded X A

6\. COUNTYCD NUMBER (3) Coded X A

7\. PLOT NUMBER (5) Number X A

8\. MEASDATE NUMBER (8) Month-Day-Year (MMDDYYYY) A

9\. REMPER NUMBER (3,1) Years A

10\. KINDCD NUMBER (2) Coded A

11\. DESIGNCD NUMBER (4) Coded A

12\. RDCD NUMBER (1) Coded F

13\. RDDISTCD NUMBER (1) Coded F

14\. RDUSECD NUMBER (1) Coded

15\. PUBUSECD NUMBER (1) Coded F

16\. RECUSECD NUMBER (3) Coded F

17\. WATERCD NUMBER (1) Coded F

18\. LAT NUMBER (6,2) Decimal degree A

19\. LON NUMBER (6,2) Decimal degree A

20\. ELEV NUMBER (5) Feet F

21\. EXPCURR NUMBER (7) Acres A

22\. EXPGROW NUMBER (7) Acres A

23\. GROWCD NUMBER (1) Coded A

24\. EXPMORT NUMBER (7) Acres A

25\. MORTCD NUMBER (1) Coded A

26\. EXPREMV NUMBER (7) Acres A

27\. EXPCHNG NUMBER (7) Acres A

28\. MANUAL NUMBER (3,1) Number A

1 A = all plots

F = all forested plots (LANDCLCD = 1)

1\. TABLENM Table name. Identifies the table to which the record
belongs.

2\. STATECD State code. Bureau of the Census Federal Information
Processing Standards (FIPS) 2-digit code for each state except Alaska
(Table 1). Alaska is divided into 8 inventory sections (see Table 1 for
codes).

3\. CYCLE Inventory cycle number. Identifies the cycle number for the
inventory data. For example, a 4 would indicate the data came from the
fourth inventory of that state. A cycle number greater than 1 does not
necessarily indicate information for previous cycles resides in the
database.

4\. SUBCYCLE Inventory subcycle number. For an annual inventory that
takes n years to measure all plots, subcycle indicates in which nth year
of the cycle the data was measured. Subcycle is 0 for a periodic
inventory.

5\. UNITCD Survey unit number. Forest Inventory and Analysis survey unit
identification number. Survey units are usually groups of counties
within each state. In western states NFS lands make up one set of units
and non-FS lands another set of units. See Appendix C for codes.

6\. COUNTYCD County code. A code for each county, watershed, borough, or
similar governmental unit in a state. FIPS codes from the Bureau of the
Census, 1990, are used if a single county is represented. See Appendix C
for specific codes.

7\. PLOT Plot number. Plot numbers are unique within a county/survey
unit combination, but may be repeated within a state.

8\. MEASDATE Measurement date. The date the plot was actually measured.
This date is coded MMDDYYYY where MM is the month (e.g. 02 for
February), DD is the day of the month (00 if not recorded), and YYYY is
the year. This date may differ from INVYR in the SURVEY table.

9\. REMPER Remeasurement period. The number of years between
measurements of remeasured plots. This item is coded -1 for new plots.
Remeasurement period is based on the number of growing seasons between
measurements. Allocation of parts of the growing season by month is
different for each FIA program. Contact the FIA program for information
on how this is done for a particular state. NOTE: it is **not** valid to
use REMPER to estimate periodic change.

10\. KINDCD Plot kind. A code indicating whether the plot is being
measured for the first time, had been measured in a previous cycle and
is being remeasured, had been remeasured previously but could not be
relocated and this is the replacement, or had been measured in a
previous cycle and data for this cycle is updated (estimated) with a
model.

Code Plot kind

1 New

2 Remeasured

3 Replacement

4 Modeled

11\. DESIGNCD Plot design. A code indicating what type of plot design
was used to collect the data. Contact appropriate FIA program for
specific code definitions.

Code Plot design

1 National FIA mapped plot design consisting of 4 fixed-radius subplots

100-199 Northeastern Station (NE) codes

200-299 Southern Station (SRS) codes

300-399 North Central Station (NC) codes

400-499 Rocky Mountain Station (RM) codes

500-599 Pacific Northwest Station (PNW) codes

600-699 Alaska codes

12\. RDCD Trails or roads. A code indicating the type of trail or road
closest to the plot but within 1 mile of plot center. If two or more
roads are the same distance away, the higher quality one is recorded.
New in 1999.

Code Type of trail or road

0 None within 1 mile

1 Paved road or highway

2 Improved gravel road

3 Improved dirt road

4 Unimproved dirt or 4-wheel drive road

5 Human access trail primarily for recreational use

-1 Unavailable

13\. RDDISTCD Distance to improved road. The distance from plot center
to the nearest improved road (trails or roads codes 1, 2, or 3)
regularly maintained for long-term continuing use. New in 1999.

Code Horizontal distance

1 100 ft. or less

2 101 ft. to 300 ft.

3 301 ft. to 500 ft.

4 501 ft. to 1000 ft.

5 1001 ft. to 1/2 mile

6 1/2 to 1 mile

7 1 to 3 miles

8 3 to 5 miles

9 Greater than 5 miles

14\. RDUSECD Road use restrictions. The kind of access restrictions
placed on roads used to travel to the plot starting point. New in 1999.

Code Road use restrictions

0 None

1 Locked gate or cable across road

2 Road blocked by human obstruction, not gate or cable (e.g. mound)

3 Road blocked by natural occurrences (trees blown onto road, road or
bridge washed out)

4 Posted no motorized vehicle

9 Other

-1 Unavailable

15\. PUBUSECD Public use restrictions. Restrictions posted near or on
the plot that limits use of the area containing the plot. New in 1999.

Code Public use restrictions

0 None

1 Keep out / no trespassing

2 No hunting or fishing

3 No dumping

9 Other

-1 Unavailable

16\. RECUSECD Recreation use. Primary, secondary, and tertiary
recreation use on the area encompassing the plots, based on evidence
such as campfire rings or compacted areas from tents (camping evidence),
hiking trails, bullet/shotgun casings or tree stands (hunting evidence),
etc. First digit is most significant use, second digit is secondary use,
and third digit is tertiary use. New in 1999.

Code Recreation Use

0 None

1 Motor vehicle (ATV, jeep, snowmobile)

2 Horse or dog trails

3 Camping

4 Hiking

5 Hunting/shooting

6 Fishing

7 Boating

9 Other

-1 Unavailable

17\. WATERCD Water on plot. The type of standing open water, with no
trees or brush cover occurring within 59 feet of a subplot. New in 1999.

Code Water on Plot

0 None (no water within any annular plot)

1 Census water

2 Noncensus water

3 Permanent streams or ponds too small to qualify as noncensus water

4 Permanent water with or without trees (deep swamps, bogs, marshes)

5 Ditch \-- human-made ditches or other artificial channels used as a
means of moving water, e.g. for irrigation or drainage

6 Temporary streams

7 Flood zones -- evidence of flooding when bodies of water exceed their
normal levels

9 Other temporary water

-1 Unavailable

18\. LAT Latitude. The latitude of the plot in decimal degrees to the
nearest .01 degrees (NAD 83 datum). The precision of this item along the
meridian is ± 555 m at latitude 45 degrees. A value of -1 means that
latitude was not recorded. However, in some cases the county centroid
may be entered when the actual location is not available.

19\. LON Longitude. The longitude of the plot in decimal degrees to the
nearest .01 degrees (NAD 83 datum). The precision of this item along the
parallel is ± 394 m at latitude 45 degrees. A value of -1 means that
longitude was not recorded. However, in some cases the county centroid
may be entered when the actual location is not available.

20\. ELEV Elevation. The distance the plot is located above sea level,
recorded in feet (NAD 83 datum). A value of -1 means that elevation was
not recorded. Other negative values indicate distance below sea level.

21\. EXPCURR Current expansion factor. The number of acres the sample
plot represents for making current estimates. Area estimates are summed
on condition or plot level variables such as ownership and land class.
Estimates of numbers of trees, volume, and biomass are summed on tree
level variables such as species or tree class. Area estimates are
calculated by multiplying EXPCURR by the proportion of the plot in a
condition (CONDPROP). The sum of EXPCURR over all plot level records for
a particular state is the total land and water area of the state. See
Chapter 4 for other calculation algorithms.

22\. EXPGROW Growth expansion factor. The number of acres the sample
plot represents for estimating growth. Growth will be \"expanded\" over
the appropriate acreage by multiplying EXPGROW times the product of the
growth item and the growth trees per acre item (TPAGROW in the TREE
table). Total growth in a state is calculated by summing these expanded
estimates from all trees on all plots in a particular state in the
FIADB. Some plots may have a value of zero in this field. For example,
in a state where both remeasured and new plots exist for a cycle, growth
estimates might only be based on remeasurement plots. Therefore, new
plots would have a value of zero in EXPGROW.

23\. GROWCD Type of annual volume growth. A code indicating how volume
growth is estimated. Current annual growth is an estimate of the change
in volume that occurred in a one-year period ending when the plot was
measured. Periodic annual growth is an estimate of the average annual
change in volume occurring between two measurements, usually the current
cycle and previous cycle.

Code Type of annual volume growth

1 Current annual

2 Periodic annual

24\. EXPMORT Mortality expansion factor. The number of acres the sample
plot represents for estimating mortality. Mortality will be \"expanded\"
over the appropriate acreage by multiplying EXPMORT times the product of
the mortality item and the mortality trees per acre item (TPAMORT in the
TREE table). Total mortality in a state is calculated by summing these
expanded estimates from all trees on all plots in a particular state in
the FIADB. Some plots may have a value of zero in this field. For
example, in a state where both remeasured and new plots exist for a
cycle, mortality estimates might only be based on remeasurement plots.
Therefore, new plots would have a value of zero in EXPMORT.

25\. MORTCD Type of annual mortality volume. A code indicating how
mortality volume is estimated. Current annual mortality is an estimate
of the volume of trees dying during a one-year period ending when the
plot was measured. Periodic annual mortality is an estimate of the
average annual volume of trees dying between two measurements, usually
the current cycle and previous cycle.

Code Type of annual mortality volume

1 Current annual

2 Periodic annual

26\. EXPREMV Removals expansion factor. The number of acres the sample
plot represents for estimating removals. Removals will be \"expanded\"
over the appropriate acreage by multiplying EXPREMV times the product of
the removal item and the removal trees per acre item (TPAREMV in the
TREE table). In inventories where removals are only estimated on
remeasurement plots, EXPREMV=0 for new or temporary plots.

27\. EXPCHNG Periodic change expansion factor. The number of acres that
the sample plot represents for estimating periodic area change.

28\. MANUAL Field manual version. Version of the National Field Manual
used to describe procedures for collecting data on the plot. New in
1999.

Subplot Table (Oracle table name is SUBPLOT)

Value or Key

Column Oracle unit of data

[name data type measure item]{.underline}

1\. TABLENM VARCHAR2 (8) SUBPLOT

2\. STATECD NUMBER (4) Coded X

3\. CYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X

4\. SUBCYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X

5\. UNITCD NUMBER (2) Coded X

6\. COUNTYCD NUMBER (3) Coded X

7\. PLOT NUMBER (5) Number X

8\. SUBP NUMBER (3) Number X

9\. SUBPCOND NUMBER (1) Number

10\. MICRCOND NUMBER (1) Number

11\. SLOPE NUMBER (1) Percent

12\. ASPECT NUMBER (3) Degrees

13\. WATER NUMBER (2,1) Feet

1\. TABLENM Table name. Identifies the table to which the record
belongs.

2\. STATECD State code. Bureau of the Census Federal Information
Processing Standards (FIPS) 2-digit code for each state except Alaska
(Table 1). Alaska is divided into 8 inventory sections (see Table 1 for
codes).

3\. CYCLE Inventory cycle number. Identifies the cycle number for the
inventory data. For example, a 4 would indicate the data came from the
fourth inventory of that state. A cycle number greater than 1 does not
necessarily indicate information for previous cycles resides in the
database.

4\. SUBCYCLE Inventory subcycle number. For an annual inventory that
takes n years to measure all plots, subcycle indicates in which nth year
of the cycle the data was measured. Subcycle is 0 for a periodic
inventory.

5\. UNITCD Survey unit number. Forest Inventory and Analysis survey unit
identification number. Survey units are usually groups of counties
within each state. In western states NFS lands make up one set of units
and non-FS lands another set of units. See Appendix C for codes.

6\. COUNTYCD County code. A code for each county, watershed, borough, or
similar governmental unit in a state. FIPS codes from the Bureau of the
Census, 1990, are used if a single county is represented. See Appendix C
for specific codes.

7\. PLOT Plot number. Plot numbers are unique within a county/survey
unit combination, but may be repeated within a state.

8\. SUBP Subplot number. The number of the subplot.

9\. SUBPCOND Subplot center condition. Condition id for the condition at
the center of the subplot.

10\. MICRCOND Microplot center condition. Condition id for the condition
at the center of the microplot.

11\. SLOPE Subplot slope. The average percent slope of the subplot.
Valid values are 0 through 155. When slope is not recorded this field
contains -1.

12\. ASPECT Subplot aspect. The direction from magnetic north of
drainage for most of the subplot, recorded as the azimuth of this
direction. North is recorded as 360. When slope \< 5, there is no aspect
and this item is set to zero. For subplots without a recorded aspect
this field contains -1.

13\. WATER Water or snow depth. The approximate depth of water or snow
covering the subplot during the time data was collected (-1 in not
collected). New in 1999.

Condition Table (Oracle table name is COND)

Value or Key Mapped Other

Column Oracle unit of data design designs

[name data type measure item recorded on]{.underline}1

1\. TABLENM VARCHAR2 (8) COND

2\. STATECD NUMBER (4) Coded X A A

3\. CYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X A A

4\. SUBCYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X A A

5\. UNITCD NUMBER (2) Coded X A A

6\. COUNTYCD NUMBER (3) Coded X A A

7\. PLOT NUMBER (5) Number X A A

8\. CONDID NUMBER (1) Number X A A

9\. CONDPROP NUMBER (5,4) Number A A

10\. LANDCLCD NUMBER (1) Coded A A

11\. RESERVCD NUMBER (1) Coded F F

12\. OWNCD NUMBER (2) Coded F F

13\. OWNGRPCD NUMBER (1) Coded F F

14\. FORINDCD NUMBER (1) Coded F F

15\. ADFORCD NUMBER (4) Coded A A

16\. FORTYPCD NUMBER (3) Coded F F

17\. DENSITY NUMBER (1) Coded F

18\. STDAGE NUMBER (4) Years F O

19\. STDSZCD NUMBER (1) Coded F T

20\. STDSTRCD NUMBER (1) Coded F T

21\. SITECLCD NUMBER (1) Coded F F

22\. SI NUMBER (3) Feet F O

23\. SIBASE NUMBER (3) Years F O

24\. SISP NUMBER (3) Coded F O

25\. STDORGCD NUMBER (1) Coded F O

26\. STDORGSP NUMBER (3) Coded F

27\. SLOPE NUMBER (3) Percent F F

28\. ASPECT NUMBER (3) Degrees F F

29\. PHYSCLCD NUMBER (2) Coded F

30\. GSSTKCD NUMBER (1) Coded F T

31\. ALSTKCD NUMBER (1) Coded F O

32\. TRTOPCD NUMBER (2) Coded N N

33\. DSTRBCD1 NUMBER (2) Coded F

34\. DSTRBYR1 NUMBER (4) Year F

35\. DSTRBCD2 NUMBER (2) Coded F

36\. DSTRBYR2 NUMBER (4) Year F

37\. DSTRBCD3 NUMBER (2) Coded F

38\. DSTRBYR3 NUMBER (4) Year F

39\. TRTCD1 NUMBER (2) Coded F

40\. TRTYR1 NUMBER (4) Year F

41\. TRTCD2 NUMBER (2) Coded F

42\. TRTYR2 NUMBER (4) Year F

43\. TRTCD3 NUMBER (2) Coded F

44\. TRTYR3 NUMBER (4) Year F

45\. PASTNFCD NUMBER (2) Coded F

46\. PRESNFCD NUMBER (2) Coded NF

47\. NFYEAR NUMBER (4) Year NF

48\. HRVHSTCD NUMBER (1) Coded F T

1 A = all conditions

F = all forested conditions (LANDCLCD = 1)

T = all timberland conditions (LANDCLCD = 1, SITECLCD \< 7)

N = nonindustrial private timberland RPA requirement, optional on all
other timberland conditions

O = optional on forested conditions, not collected on nonforest
conditions

NF = nonforest conditions

1\. TABLENM Table name. Identifies the table to which the record
belongs.

2\. STATECD State code. Bureau of the Census Federal Information
Processing Standards (FIPS) 2-digit code for each state except Alaska
(Table 1). Alaska is divided into 8 inventory sections (see Table 1 for
codes).

3\. CYCLE Inventory cycle number. Identifies the cycle number for the
inventory data. For example, a 4 would indicate the data came from the
fourth inventory of that state. A cycle number greater than 1 does not
necessarily indicate information for previous cycles resides in the
database.

4\. SUBCYCLE Inventory subcycle number. For an annual inventory that
takes n years to measure all plots, subcycle indicates in which nth year
of the cycle the data was measured. Subcycle is 0 for a periodic
inventory.

5\. UNITCD Survey unit number. Forest Inventory and Analysis survey unit
identification number. Survey units are usually groups of counties
within each state. In western states NFS lands make up one set of units
and non-FS lands another set of units. See Appendix C for codes.

6\. COUNTYCD County code. A code for each county, watershed, borough, or
similar governmental unit in a state. FIPS codes from the Bureau of the
Census, 1990, are used if a single county is represented. See Appendix C
for specific codes.

7\. PLOT Plot number. Plot numbers are unique within a county/survey
unit combination, but may be repeated within a state.

8\. CONDID Condition number. Each condition mapped on a plot is assigned
a number. Condition is defined by land class. Differences in broad
forest type, stand size, stand origin, and stand density further define
condition for forest land. Mapped nonforest conditions are also assigned
numbers. Once a number has been assigned, the number is reused whenever
that same condition is encountered on the plot. Each sample tree is
assigned the number of the condition in which it is located. The default
value for this item is 1.

9\. CONDPROP Condition proportion. The proportion of the plot falling
within the condition sampled. To determine the acres of a particular
condition, multiply EXPCURR by CONDPROP. The sum of all condition
proportions on a plot equals 1.0000.

10\. LANDCLCD Land class. A classification that indicates the basic land
cover.

Code Land class

1 Accessible forest: Forest land is defined as lands with at least a
stocking of 10 (or at least 5% cover in chaparral type) of live forest
trees of any size, or formerly having such tree cover, and not currently
developed for nonforest use. The minimum area for classification of
forest land is usually 1 acre with a minimum width of 120 feet.
Roadside, streamside, and shelterbelt strips of timber must have a crown
width at least 120 feet to qualify as forest land. Unimproved roads and
trails, streams, and clearings in forest areas are classified as forest
if less than 120 feet wide or smaller than 1 acre.

2 Nonforest: Land that has never supported forests or land formerly
forested but now developed for uses such as agriculture (including
Christmas tree plantations, orchards, nurseries, and agroforestry),
residences, commerce, industry, city parks, or improved roads. If
located within forest areas, unimproved roads and nonforested strips
must be more than 120 feet wide. Clearings and other openings in a
forest area must be more than 1 acre to qualify as nonforest land.
Nonforest land also includes streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals
more than 120 feet wide but less than 1/8 of a statute mile (660 feet)
wide, lakes, reservoirs, and ponds 1 to 4 acres in size.

3 Noncensus water: Streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals between 120
and 200 feet, and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds between 1 and 4.5 acres
in area. This definition was used in the 1990 census and applied when
the data became available. Earlier inventories defined noncensus water
differently.

4 Census water: Streams, sloughs, estuaries, and canals more than 200
feet wide, and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds more than 4.5 acres in size
(1990 Census definition).

5 Denied access: access to the plot or a portion of the plot denied by
the legal owner or by an owner of land with the only reasonable route to
the plot.

6 Hazardous: access prohibited due to dangerous situations (cliffs,
military reservations, strip mines, etc.).

7 Not in the sample: outside the boundaries of the sample population.

11\. RESERVCD Reserved status class. A code indicating whether the
condition is administratively reserved from timber harvesting.

Code Reserved status class

0 Not reserved

1 Reserved

-1 Not recorded.

12\. OWNCD Owner class. A code indicating the class in which the land
owner (at the time of the inventory) belongs.

Code Owner class

11 National Forest : Lands administered by USDA Forest Service, National
Forest System.

12 National Grassland.

13 Other Forest Service.

21 National Park Service: Lands administered by USDI National Park
Service.

22 Bureau of Land Management: Lands administered by USDI Bureau of Land
Management.

23 Fish and Wildlife Service.

24 Department of Defense/Energy.

25 Other federal.

31 State.

32 Local (County, Municipal, etc).

33 Other non federal public.

41 Corporate.

42 Non governmental conservation/natural resources organization.

43 Unincorporated local partnership/association/club.

44 Native American (Indian).

45 Individual.

-1 Not recorded.

13\. OWNGRPCD Owner group. A code for a broader group of land owner
classes.

Code Owner group

10 Forest Service (OWNCD 11, 12, 13).

20 Other federal (OWNCD 21, 22, 23, 24, 25).

30 State and local government (OWNCD 31, 32, 33).

40 Private (OWNCD 41, 42, 43, 44, 45).

-1 Not recorded.

14\. FORINDCD Private owner industrial status. A code indicating whether
the land owner commercially processes wood.

Code Private owner industrial status

1 Owned by a company with wood processing facilities

2 Not owned by a company with wood processing facilities

-1 Unavailable

15\. ADFORCD Administrative forest. A code for the National Forest in
which the condition is located. Present for National Forest conditions
only (OWNGRPCD = 1), -1 for all other owners. See Appendix E for codes.

16\. FORTYPCD Forest type. The forest type of the condition. Type is
based on the tree species or species groups forming a plurality of all
live stocking. In this three digit coded item, the first digit
represents the East/West type group and digits 2 and 3 specify a
detailed type, as shown in Appendix D. Information on how data are
assigned to these types for a particular state can be obtained by
contacting the appropriate FIA program. Nonstocked forest land has a
live tree stocking \< 10. All forest conditions are assigned a forest
type and nonforest conditions are assigned -1.

17\. DENSITY Change in tree density. Codes other than 1 are used to
indicate that tree density is the only factor differentiating two
conditions. New in 1999.

Code Change in tree density

1 Initial tree density

2 Density class 2 -- different than initial density

3 Density class 3 -- different than initial density and density class 2

4 Density class 4 -- different than initial density and density classes
2 and 3

18\. STDAGE Stand age. The total age (in years) of the stand in which
the condition is located (usually based on dominant and codominant trees
or the ages of trees within the recorded stand size class). Age is
difficult to measure and therefore stand age may have large measurement
errors. More detailed information on how stand age is determined in a
particular inventory can be obtained directly from the FIA program
responsible for the inventory. Nonstocked stands are recorded as 9990.
If age is not available -1 is recorded. Any inventory dated 1995 or
later will contain stand ages recorded to the nearest year. For some
older inventories, stand age was recorded in 10-year classes for stands
\< 100 years old, 20-year age classes for stands between 100 and 200
years, and 100-year age classes if older than 200 years. The value
recorded is the midpoint of the age class.

19\. STDSZCD Stand-size class. A classification of the predominant
(based on stocking) diameter class of live trees within the condition.
Large diameter trees are at least 11.0 inches diameter for hardwoods and
at least 9.0 inches diameter for softwoods. Medium diameter trees are at
least 5.0 inches diameter but not as large as large diameter trees.
Small diameter trees are less than 5.0 inches diameter.

Code Stand-size class

1 Large diameter: Stands with an all live stocking of at least 10 (base
100); with more than 50% of the stocking in medium and large diameter
trees; and with the stocking of large diameter trees equal to or greater
than the stocking of medium diameter trees.

2 Medium diameter: Stands with an all live stocking of at least 10 (base
100); with more than 50% of the stocking in medium and large diameter
trees; and with the stocking of large diameter trees less than the
stocking of medium diameter trees.

3 Small diameter: Stands with an all live stocking value of at least 10
(base 100) on which at least 50% of the stocking is in small diameter
trees.

4 Chaparral: Forestland with all live stocking less than 10 and at least
5% cover by species that comprise chaparral communities.

5 Nonstocked: Forest land with all live stocking less than 10.

-1 Not recorded.

Keep STDSTRCD????

20\. STDSTRCD Stand-structure. A classification of the vertical
distribution of the tree canopy within the condition.

Code Stand-structure

1 Single-storied: The condition contains an even canopy of uniform
height (most trees are within the height class of the average stand
height). Smaller trees are usually members of the original cohort that
have fallen behind their associates. The condition may contain tall
relics from a previous stand or regeneration.

2 Two-storied: The condition is composed of two relatively even but
distinct canopy layers. Neither canopy is necessarily continuous or
closed, but both layers tend to be uniformly distributed within the
condition. Each layer must cover at least 25% of the condition.

3 Multi-storied: The condition generally contains trees from every size
group on a continuum from seedlings to mature trees. The canopy is
broken or uneven. Usually the largest number of trees is in the smaller
diameter classes. Consider a condition with three or more structural
layers multi-storied if each layer covers at least 25% of the condition.

4 Mosaic: The condition contains at least two distinct canopy layers,
each covering at least 25% of the condition, but the layers are grouped
in small repeating aggregations, or occur in stringers less than 120
feet wide throughout the condition. Each aggregation is too small to
mapped as a separate condition. The aggregations may or may not be
single-storied.

5 Nonstocked: Forest land with all live stocking less than 10.

-1 Not recorded.

21\. SITECLCD Site productivity class. A classification of forestland in
terms of inherent capacity to grow crops of industrial wood. The class
identifies the potential growth in cubic feet/acre/year and is based on
the culmination of mean annual increment of fully-stocked natural
stands. By definition, timberland includes classes 1 through 6 and
unproductive forest land is class 7.

Code Site productivity class (cubic feet/acre/year)

1 225+

2 165-224

3 120-164

4 85-119

5 50-84

6 20-49

7 0-19

-1 Not recorded.

22\. SI Site index. Site index (in feet) within the condition. If site
index is not available for the condition a -1 is recorded.

23\. SIBASE Site index base age. The base age of the site index curves
used to derive site index. A -1 is recorded if there is no site index.

24\. SISP Site index species. The species upon which the site index is
based. If there is no SI or the species associated with SI is not known
-1 is recorded.

25\. STDORGCD Stand origin. Method of stand regeneration for the trees
in the condition. An artificially regenerated stand is established by
planting or artificial seeding.

Code Stand origin

0 Natural stands

1 Clear evidence of artificial regeneration

-1 Not evaluated

26\. STDORGSP Stand origin species. The species code for the predominant
artificially regenerated species (only when STDORGCD = 1).

27\. SLOPE Slope. The average percent slope within the condition. Valid
values are 0 through 200. When slope is not recorded this field contains
-1.

28\. ASPECT Aspect. The direction from magnetic north of drainage for
most of the condition, recorded as the azimuth of this direction. North
is recorded as 360. When slope is zero, there is no aspect and this item
is set to zero. For conditions without a recorded aspect this field
contains -1.

29\. PHYSCLCD Physiographic class. The general effect of land form,
topographical position, and soil on moisture available to trees. New or
additional classes in 1999.

Code Physiographic class

**Xeric** sites (normally low or difficient in available moisture)

11 Dry Tops - Ridge tops with thin rock outcrops and considerable
exposure to sun and wind.

12 Dry Slopes - Slopes with thin rock outcrops and considerable exposure
to sun and wind. Includes most mountain/steep slopes with a southern or
western exposure.

13 Deep Sands - Sites with a deep, sandy surface subject to rapid loss
of moisture following precipitation. Typical examples include sand
hills, ridges, and flats in the South, sites along the beach and shores
of lakes and streams.

14 Other Xeric - All dry physiographic sites not described above.

**Mesic** sites (normally moderate but adequate available moisture)

21 Flatwoods - Flat or fairly level sites outside of flood plains.
Excludes deep sands and wet, swampy sites.

22 Rolling Uplands - Hills and gently rolling, undulating terrain and
associated small streams. Excludes deep sands, all hydric sites, and
streams with associated floodplains.

23 Moist Slopes and Coves - Moist slopes and coves with relatively deep,
fertile soils. Often these sites have a northern or eastern exposure and
are partially shielded from wind and sun. Includes moist mountain tops
and saddles.

24 Narrow Floodplains/Bottomlands - Floodplains and bottomlands less
than 1/4-mile in width along rivers and streams. These sites are
normally well drained but are subjected to occasional flooding during
periods of heavy or extended precipitation. Includes associated levees,
benches, and terraces within a 1-mile limit. Excludes swamps, sloughs,
and bogs.

25 Broad Floodplains/Bottomlands - Floodplains and bottomlands 1/4-mile
or wider in width along rivers and streams. These sites are normally
well drained but are subjected to occasional flooding during periods of
heavy or extended precipitation. Includes associated levees, benches,
and terraces within a 1/4-mile limit. Excludes swamps, sloughs, and bogs
with year-round water problems within the 1/4-mile limit.

26 Other Mesic - All moderately moist physiographic sites not described
above.

**Hydric** sites (normally abundant or over-abundant moisture all year)

31 Swamps/Bogs - Low, wet, flat, forested areas usually quite extensive
which are flooded for long periods except during periods of extreme
drought. Excludes cypress ponds and small drains.

32 Small Drains - Narrow, stream-like, wet strands of forest land often
without a well-defined stream channel. These areas are poorly drained or
flooded throughout most of the year and drain the adjacent higher
ground.

33 Bays and wet pocosins - Low, wet, boggy sites characterized by peaty
or organic soils. May be somewhat dry during periods of extended
drought. Examples include sites in the Lake States with lowland swamp
conifers.

34 Beaver ponds

35 Cypress ponds

36 Other hydric - All other hydric physiographic sites

-1 Unavailable

30\. GSSTKCD Growing-stock stocking. Stocking of the condition by
growing-stock trees including seedlings.

Code Growing-stock stocking

1 Overstocked

2 Fully stocked

3 Medium stocked

4 Poorly stocked

5 Nonstocked

-1 Unavailable

31\. ALSTKCD All live stocking. Stocking of the condition by live trees
including seedlings. Data are in classes as listed for GSSTKCD above.
This variable may not be present for inventories using older designs.

32\. TRTOPCD Treatment opportunity class. Identifies the physical
opportunity to improve stand conditions by applying management
practices. Determined only for timberland (SITECLCD 1-6). This variable
is mandatory for nonindustrial private lands but may not be available
for other ownerships.

Code Treatment Opportunity Class

1 Regeneration without site preparation: The area is characterized by
the absence of a manageable stand because of inadequate stocking of
growing stock. Growth will be much below the potential for the site if
the area is left alone. Prospects are not good for natural regeneration.
Artificial regeneration will require little or no site preparation.

2 Regeneration with site preparation: The area is characterized by the
absence of a manageable stand because of inadequate stocking of growing
stock. Growth will be much below the potential for the site if the area
is left alone. Either natural or artificial regeneration will require
site preparation.

3 Stand conversion: The area is characterized by stands of undesirable,
chronically diseased, or off-site (found where not normally expected)
species. Growth and quality will be much below the potential for the
site if the area is left alone. The best prospect is for conversion to a
different forest type or species.

4 Thinning seedlings and saplings: The stand is characterized by a dense
stocking of growing stock. Stagnation appears likely if left alone.
Stocking must be reduced to help crop trees attain dominance.

5 Thinning poletimber: The stand is characterized by a dense stocking of
growing stock. Stocking must be reduced to prevent stagnation or to
confine growth to selected, high-quality crop trees.

6 Other stocking control: The stand is characterized by an adequate
stocking of seedlings, saplings, and poletimber growing stock, mixed
with competing vegetation either overtopping or otherwise inhibiting the
development of crop trees. The undesirable material must be removed to
release overtopped trees, to prevent stagnation, or to improve
composition, form, or growth of the residual stand.

7 Other intermediate treatments: The stand would benefit from other
special treatments, such as fertilization to improve the growth
potential of the site, and pruning to improve the quality of individual
crop trees.

8 Clearcut harvest: The area is characterized by a mature or overmature
sawtimber stand of sufficient volume to justify a commercial harvest.
The best prospect is to harvest the stand and regenerate.

9 Partial cut harvest: The stand is characterized by poletimber- or
sawtimber-size trees with sufficient merchantable volume for a
commercial harvest, which will meet intermediate stand treatment needs
or prepare the stand for natural regeneration. The stand is of a favored
species composition and may be even or uneven aged. Included are such
treatments as commercial thinning, seed tree, or shelterwood
regeneration, and use of the selection system to maintain an uneven age
stand.

10 Salvage harvest: The stand is characterized by excessive damage to
merchantable timber because of fire, insects, disease, wind, ice, or
other destructive agents. The best prospect is to remove damaged or
threatened material.

11 No treatment: No silvicultural treatment is needed.

-1 Not available/unclassified.

33\. DSTRBCD1 Disturbance 1. A code indicating the kind of disturbance
occurring since the last measurement or within the last 5 years for new
plots. A significant level of disturbance (mortality or damage to 25% of
the trees in the stand and 25% of sampled trees killed and/or severely
damaged) is required. New in 1999.

Code Disturbance

0 No visible disturbance

10 Insect damage

20 Disease damage

30 Weather damage

31 Ice damage

32 Wind damage

33 Flood damage

34 Drought damage

40 Fire damage

41 Ground fire damage

42 Crown fire damage

50 Damage from domestic livestock

60 Damage from wild animals

61 Damage from beaver

62 Damage from porcupine

70 Damage caused by humans and not listed as a Treatment

-1 Unavailable

34\. DSTRBYR1 Year of disturbance 1. Year in which Disturbance 1
occurred. New in 1999.

35\. DSTRBCD2 Disturbance 2. A code indicating the kind of disturbance
occurring since the last measurement or within the last 5 years for new
plots. A significant level of disturbance (mortality or damage to 25% of
the trees in the stand and 25% of sampled trees killed and/or severely
damaged) is required. Use same codes as DSTRBCD1. New in 1999.

36\. DSTRBYR2 Year of disturbance 2. Year in which Disturbance 2
occurred. New in 1999.

37\. DSTRBCD3 Disturbance 3. A code indicating the kind of disturbance
occurring since the last measurement or within the last 5 years for new
plots. A significant level of disturbance (mortality or damage to 25% of
the trees in the stand and 25% of sampled trees killed and/or severely
damaged) is required. Use same codes as DSTRBCD1. New in 1999.

38\. DSTRBYR3 Year of disturbance 3. Year in which Disturbance 3
occurred. New in 1999.

39\. TRTCD1 Stand treatment 1. A code indicating the type of stand
treatment that has occurred since the last measurement or within the
last 5 years for new plots. Inventories conducted before 1999 may record
treatments occurring within the last 20 years for new plots. New in
1999.

Code Stand treatment

0 No observable treatment

10 Cutting -- removal of trees from a stand at least 50% stocked with
live of salvable dead trees

20 Site preparation -- treatments implemented to prepare the site for
natural or artificial regeneration

30 Natural regeneration -- establishment of a new stand by natural means
on forest or nonforest land where stocking of all live trees is now
greater than 50%

40 Artificial regeneration - establishment of a new stand by artificial
means on forest or nonforest land where stocking of all live trees is
now greater than 50%

50 Other silvicultural treatment -- use of fertilizers, herbicides,
girdling, pruning, etc. designed to improve the commercial value of the
residual stand

-1 Unavailable

40\. TRTYR1 Treatment year 1. Year in which Stand Treatment 1 occurred.
New in 1999.

41\. TRTCD2 Stand treatment 2. A code indicating the type of stand
treatment that has occurred since the last measurement or within the
last 5 years for new plots. Inventories conducted before 1999 may record
treatments occurring within the last 20 years for new plots. Use same
codes as TRTCD1. New in 1999.

42\. TRTYR2 Treatment year 2. Year in which Stand Treatment 2 occurred.
New in 1999.

43\. TRTCD3 Stand treatment 3. A code indicating the type of stand
treatment that has occurred since the last measurement or within the
last 5 years for new plots. Inventories conducted before 1999 may record
treatments occurring within the last 20 years for new plots. Use same
codes as TRTCD1. New in 1999.

44\. TRTYR3 Treatment year 3. Year in which Stand Treatment 3 occurred.
New in 1999.

45\. PASTNFCD Past nonforest land use. For conditions classified as
nonforest at the previous inventory, this code indicates the kind of
land use occurring at the previous inventory. New in 1999.

Code Past nonforest land use

10 Agricultural land

11 Cropland

12 Pasture (improved through cultural practices)

13 Idle farmland

14 Orchard

15 Christmas tree plantation

20 Rangeland

30 Developed

31 Cultural (business, residential, other intense human activity)

32 Rights-of-way (improved road, railway, power line, etc.)

33 Recreation (park, golf course, ski run)

40 Other (undeveloped beach, marsh, bog, non-census water)

90 Not sampled

91 Denied access

92 Hazardous

93 Not in sample

-1 Unavailable

46\. PRESNFCD Present nonforest land use. For conditions previously
classified as forest but now nonforest, this code indicates the kind of
land use occurring now. Use same codes as PASTNFCD. New in 1999.

47\. NFYEAR Nonforest year. An estimate of the year that a previously
forested condition was converted to a nonforest condition (-1 if not
applicable). New in 1999.

Delete HRVHSTCD?????

48\. HRVHSTCD Harvest history. A code indicating what kind of harvest,
if any, has occurred on the condition since the last measurement
(PLOTKIND = 2) or within the last 20 years for PLOTKIND = 1.

Code Harvest history

1 No harvesting

2 Clearcut

3 Partial cut

4 Other harvest

-1 Unavailable

Tree Table (Oracle table name is TREE)

Value or Key

Column Oracle unit of data

[name data type measure item]{.underline}

1\. TABLENM VARCHAR2 (8) TREE

2\. STATECD NUMBER (4) Coded X

3\. CYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X

4\. SUBCYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X

5\. UNITCD NUMBER (2) Coded X

6\. COUNTYCD NUMBER (3) Coded X

7\. PLOT NUMBER (5) Number X

8\. SUBP NUMBER (3) Number X

9\. TREE NUMBER (9) Number X

10\. CONDID NUMBER (1) Number

11\. AZIMUTH NUMBER (3) Degrees

12\. DIST NUMBER (3,1) Feet

13\. PREVCOND NUMBER (1) Number

14\. STATUSCD NUMBER (1) Coded

15\. LEANCD NUMBER (1) Coded

16\. UTILCD NUMBER (1) Coded

17\. SPCD NUMBER (3) Coded

18\. SPGRPCD NUMBER (2) Coded

19\. DIA NUMBER (5,2) Inches

20\. DIAHTCD NUMBER (1) Coded

21\. HT NUMBER (3) Feet

22\. HTCD NUMBER (1) Coded

23\. TREECLCD NUMBER (1) Coded

24\. CR NUMBER (3) Percent

25\. CCLCD NUMBER (1) Coded

26\. TREEGRCD NUMBER (1) Coded

27\. AGENT1CD NUMBER (2) Coded

28\. AGENT2CD NUMBER (2) Coded

29\. AGENT3CD NUMBER (2) Coded

30\. CULL NUMBER (3) Percent

31\. DAMLOC1 NUMBER (1) Coded

32\. DAMTYP1 NUMBER (2) Coded

33\. DAMSEV1 NUMBER (2) Coded

34\. DAMLOC2 NUMBER (1) Coded

35\. DAMTYP2 NUMBER (2) Coded

36\. DAMSEV2 NUMBER (2) Coded

37\. DAMLOC3 NUMBER (1) Coded

38\. DAMTYP3 NUMBER (2) Coded

39\. DAMSEV3 NUMBER (2) Coded

40\. DECAYCD NUMBER (1) Coded

41\. TPACURR NUMBER (11,6) Trees/acre

42\. TPAMORT NUMBER (11,6) Trees/acre/yr.

43\. TPAREMV NUMBER (11,6) Trees/acre/yr.

44\. TPAGROW NUMBER (11,6) Trees/acre

45\. VOLCFGS NUMBER (11,6) Cu. ft./tree

46\. VOLCFSL NUMBER (11,6) Cu. ft./tree

47\. VOLBFSL NUMBER (11,6) Bd. ft./tree

48\. VOLCFSND NUMBER (11,6) Cu. ft./tree

49\. GROWCFGS NUMBER (11,6) Cu. ft./year/tree

50\. GROWBFSL NUMBER (11,6) Bd. ft./year/tree

51\. GROWCFAL NUMBER (11,6) Cu. ft./year/tree

52\. MORTCFGS NUMBER (11,6) Cu. ft./tree

53\. MORTBFSL NUMBER (11,6) Bd. ft./tree

54\. MORTCFAL NUMBER (11,6) Cu. ft./tree

55\. REMVCFGS NUMBER (11,6) Cu. ft./tree

56\. REMVBFSL NUMBER (11,6) Bd. ft./tree

57\. REMVCFAL NUMBER (11,6) Cu. ft./tree

58\. DRYBIOT NUMBER (11,6) Oven-dry lbs./tree

59\. DRYBIOM NUMBER (11,6) Oven-dry lbs./tree

60\. DIACHECK NUMBER (1) Coded

61\. MORTYR NUMBER (4) Year

1\. TABLENM Table name. Identifies the table to which the record
belongs.

2\. STATECD State code. Bureau of the Census Federal Information
Processing Standards (FIPS) 2-digit code for each state except Alaska
(Table 1). Alaska is divided into 8 inventory sections (see Table 1 for
codes).

3\. CYCLE Inventory cycle number. Identifies the cycle number for the
inventory data. For example, a 4 would indicate the data came from the
fourth inventory of that state. A cycle number greater than 1 does not
necessarily indicate information for previous cycles resides in the
database.

4\. SUBCYCLE Inventory subcycle number. For an annual inventory that
takes n years to measure all plots, subcycle indicates in which nth year
of the cycle the data was measured. Subcycle is 0 for a periodic
inventory.

5\. UNITCD Survey unit number. Forest Inventory and Analysis survey unit
identification number. Survey units are usually groups of counties
within each state. In western states NFS lands make up one set of units
and non-FS lands another set of units. See Appendix C for codes.

6\. COUNTYCD County code. A code for each county, watershed, borough, or
similar governmental unit in a state. FIPS codes from the Bureau of the
Census, 1990, are used if a single county is represented. See Appendix C
for specific codes.

7\. PLOT Plot number. Plot numbers are unique within a county/survey
unit combination, but may be repeated within a state.

8\. SUBP Subplot number. Subplot number used to identify on which
subplot (of the plot) the tree was measured.

9\. TREE Tree number. A number used to uniquely identify a tree on a
subplot.

10\. CONDID Condition number. Each condition mapped on a plot is
assigned a number. Condition is defined by owner class and land class.
Differences in broad forest type, stand size, stand origin, and stand
density further define condition for forest land. Mapped nonforest
conditions are also assigned numbers. Once a number has been assigned,
the number is reused whenever that same condition is encountered on the
plot. Each sample tree is assigned the number of the condition in which
it is located. The default value for this item is 1.

11\. AZIMUTH Azimuth. The direction from subplot center (microplot
center for saplings) to the center of the base of the tree (geographic
center for multi-stemmed woodland species). Use 360 for north.

12\. DIST Horizontal distance. The horizontal distance in feet from
subplot center (microplot center for saplings) to the pith at the base
of the tree (geographic center for multi-stemmed woodland species).

13\. PREVCOND Previous condition number. Identifies the condition within
the plot on which the tree occurred at the previous inventory.

14\. STATUSCD Tree status. A code that identifies whether the sample
tree is live, cut, or dead. Only dead and cut trees required to estimate
above-ground biomass and net annual volume for growth, mortality, and
removals are included.

Code Tree status

1 Live

2 Dead

3 Cut

4 Missed live tree

5 Missed mortality tree

6 Missed dead tree

7 No history

15\. LEANCD Lean angle. A code describing how much the tree is leaning.
New in 1999.

Code Lean angle

0 Standing (\< 45 degrees of lean)

1 Leaning (at least 45 degrees of lean)

2 Down (some part of bole touching the ground)

-1 Unavailable

16\. UTILCD Utilization class. A code to identify trees that have been
cut and removed from the site.

Code Utilization class

0 Not utilized

1 Utilized

17\. SPCD Species code. A standard tree species code. Codes for trees in
the FIADB are listed in Appendix F.

18\. SPGRPCD Species group. An FIA species group number. This number is
used to produce many of the core tables. The assignment of individual
species (SPCD) to these groups is shown in Appendix G. Individual FIA
programs may further break these species groups down for published
tables, but this is a common list that all published core tables must
match.

19\. DIA Current diameter. The current diameter of the sample tree at
the point of diameter measurement. Check the DIAHTCD variable to
determine the measurement point. DIA for live trees contains the
measured value. DIA for cut and dead trees presents problems associated
with uncertainty of when the tree was cut or died as well as structural
deterioration of dead trees. Consult individual units for explanations
of how DIA is collected for dead and cut trees.

20\. DIAHTCD Height of diameter measurement. The height above ground
that the diameter was obtained on the sample tree.

Code Height of diameter

1 Breast height

2 Root collar

3 Stump

21\. HT Height. The total height of a sample tree (in feet) from the
ground to the top of the main stem. The total height of a tree is not
always its actual height. If the main stem is broken, the actual height
is measured or estimated and the missing piece is added to the actual
height. The amount added is determined by measuring the broken piece if
it can be located on the ground, otherwise it is estimated. A value of
-1 means that total height was not recorded for the tree.

22\. HTCD Height type. An item indicating how height was determined.

Code Height type

1 field measured (total and actual height)

2 actual height measured, total height estimated in the field

3 estimated visually

4 estimated with a model

-1 not measured or estimated

23\. TREECLCD Tree class. A code for the general quality of the tree.
For cut, dead, and sound dead trees, TREECLCD of the tree at the time it
died or was cut is estimated.

Code Tree class

2 Growing stock: All trees of commercial species, except rough or rotten
cull trees.

3 Rough cull: Trees that do not now, or prospectively, have at least one
solid 8-foot section, reasonably free of form defect, on the
merchantable bole or have 67 percent or more of the merchantable volume
cull, and more than half of this cull due to sound dead wood cubic-foot
loss or severe form defect volume loss. In California, Oregon, and
Washington inventories 75% or more cull, rather than 67% or more cull,
applies. This class also contains all trees of noncommercial species.

4 Rotten cull: Trees with 67 percent or more of the merchantable volume
cull, and more than half of this cull due to rotten or missing
cubic-foot volume loss. PNW uses a 75 percent cutoff.

-1 Not recorded.

24\. CR Crown ratio. The percent of the tree bole supporting live,
healthy foliage (the crown is ocularly compacted to fill in gaps) when
compared to total height. Expressed as a percent of total tree height.

25\. CCLCD Crown class. A code that primarily indicates the amount of
sunlight received as opposed to the conventional \"crown position\"
found in forestry textbooks. In FIA inventories outside Nation Forests
in California, Oregon, and Washington, open-grown trees are coded as
dominant trees. After 1997, this convention is true of all inventories
nationwide.

Code Crown class

1 Open grown: Trees with crowns that have received full light from above
and from all sides throughout all or most of their life, particularly
during early development.

2 Dominant: Trees with crowns extending above the general level of the
canopy and receiving full light from above and partly from the sides;
larger than the average trees in the stand, and with crowns well
developed, but possibly somewhat crowded on the sides.

3 Codominant: Trees with crowns forming part of the general level of the
crown cover and receiving full light from above, but comparatively
little from the side. Usually with medium size crowns more or less
crowded on the sides.

4 Intermediate: Trees shorter than those in the preceding two classes,
with crowns either below or extending into the canopy formed by the
dominant and codominant trees, receiving little direct light from above,
and none from the sides; usually with small crowns very crowded on the
sides.

5 Overtopped: Trees with crowns entirely below the general canopy level
and receiving no direct light either from above or the sides.

-1 Not recorded.

26\. TREEGRCD Tree grade. This item is nonzero for all sawtimber size
trees regardless of status; however, it is not measured on all sawtimber
size trees on every plot. Sawtimber size trees that are graded but do
not contain a gradeable log are given a tree grade 5. Sawtimber size
trees that are not graded because of sampling design have a tree grade
of -1. Trees smaller than sawtimber receive a tree grade of zero.
Procedures to grade trees are different for each Eastern FIA program.
Western programs do not grade trees.

Code Tree grade

0 Tree too small to grade

1 Tree grade 1

2 Tree grade 2

3 Tree grade 3

4 Graded and contains a gradeable log but does not meet grade 3
standards

5 Graded but does not contain a gradeable log (local use trees).

-1 Not graded

27\. AGENT1CD Damaging agent 1. Cause of damage is recorded for live
trees if the presence of damage or pathogen activity is serious enough
to reduce the quality or vigor of the tree. When a tree is damaged by
more than one agent, the most severe damage is coded here and additional
agents are recorded in the following variables. When no damage is
observed on a live tree, 00 is recorded. Damage recorded for dead trees
is the cause of death. When the cause of death cannot be determined for
a tree, 99 is recorded. Each FIA program records specific codes that may
differ from one state to the next. These codes fall within the following
ranges. For the specific codes used in a particular state, contact the
FIA program responsible for that state.

Code Cause of damage

00 No serious damage

10-19 Insect

20-29 Disease

30-39 Fire

40-49 Animal

50-59 Weather

60-69 Vegetation (e.g. competition or vines)

70-79 Unknown, not sure, other

80-89 Logging/human

90-99 Physical (e.g. hit by falling tree)

-1 Unavailable

28\. AGENT2CD Damaging agent 2. Second damaging agent (optional). Same
codes as AGENT1CD are used.

29\. AGENT3CD Damaging agent 3. Third damaging agent (optional). Same
codes as AGENT1CD are used.

30\. CULL Rotten and missing cull. The percent of the cubic foot volume
in live and dead tally trees that is rotten or missing.

31\. DAMLOC1 Damage location 1. A code indicating where on the tree
damage (meeting or exceeding a severity threshold) is present. New in
1999.

Code Damage location

0 No damage

1 Roots (exposed) and stump (up to 12 inches from ground level)

2 Roots, stump, and lower bole

3 Lower bole (lower half of bole between stump and base of live crown)

4 Lower and upper bole

5 Upper bole (upper half of bole between stump and base of live crown)

6 Crown stem (main stem within the live crown)

7 Branches (\> 1 inch diameter at junction with main stem and within the
live crown)

8 Buds and shoots of current year

9 Foliage

-1 Not recorded

32\. DAMTYP1 Damage type 1. A code indicating the kind of damage
(meeting or exceeding a severity threshold) present. New in 1999.

Code Damage type

1 Canker or gall

2 Conk, fruiting body, or sign of advanced decay

3 Open wound

4 Resinosis or gumosis

5 Crack or seam

11 Broken bole or broken root within 3 feet of bole

12 Broom on root or bole

13 Broken or dead root further than 3 feet from bole

20 Vines in the crown

21 Loss of apical dominance, dead terminal

22 Broken or dead branches

23 Excessive branching or brooms within the live crown

24 Damaged shoots, buds, or foliage

25 Discoloration of foliage

31 Other

-1 Not recorded

33\. DAMSEV1 Damage severity 1. A code indicating how much of the tree
is affected. Legal severity codes vary by damage type and damage
location and must exceed a threshold value. New in 1999.

Code Damage severity (% of location affected)

0 1 to 9

1 10 to 19

2 20 to 29

3 30 to 39

4 40 to 49

5 50 to 59

6 60 to 69

7 70 to 79

8 80 to 89

9 90 to 99

-1 Not recorded

34\. DAMLOC2 Damage location 2. A code indicating where on the tree a
secondary damage (meeting or exceeding a severity threshold) is present.
Use same codes as DAMLOC1. New in 1999.

35\. DAMTYP2 Damage type 2. A code indicating the kind of secondary
damage (meeting or exceeding a severity threshold) present. Use same
codes as DAMTYP1. New in 1999.

36\. DAMSEV2 Damage severity 2. A code indicating how much of the tree
is affected by the secondary. Legal severity codes vary by damage type
and damage location and must exceed a threshold value. Use same codes as
DAMSEV1. New in 1999.

37\. DAMLOC3 Damage location 3. A code indicating where on the tree
tertiary damage (meeting or exceeding a severity threshold) is present.
Use same codes as DAMLOC1. New in 1999.

38\. DAMTYP3 Damage type 3. A code indicating the kind of tertiary
damage (meeting or exceeding a severity threshold) present. Use same
codes as DAMTYP1. New in 1999.

39\. DAMSEV3 Damage severity 3. A code indicating how much of the tree
is affected by the tertiary damage. Legal severity codes vary by damage
type and damage location and must exceed a threshold value. Use same
codes as DAMSEV1. New in 1999.

40\. DECAYCD Dead tree decay. A code indicating the extent of decay in a
standing dead tree. New in 1999.

Code Dead tree decay

1 All limbs and branches are present; the top of the crown is still
present; all bark remains; sapwood is intact, with minimal decay;
heartwood is sound and hard.

2 There are few limbs and no fine branches; the top may be broken; a
variable amount of bark remains; sapwood is sloughing with advanced
decay; heartwood is sound at base but beginning in the outer part of the
upper bole.

3 Only limb stubs exist; the top is broken; a variable amount of bark
remains; sapwood is sloughing; heartwood has advanced decay in upper
bole and is beginning at the base.

4 Few or no limb stubs remain; the top is broken; a variable amount of
bark remains; sapwood is sloughing; heartwood has advanced decay at the
base and is sloughing in the upper bole.

5 No evidence of branches remain; the top is broken; no bark remains;
sapwood is gone; heartwood is sloughing throughout.

-1 Not collected.

41\. TPACURR Trees per acre. The current number of trees per acre that
the tree represents for calculating number of trees on forest land.
Total volumes are calculated by summing the product of TPACURR, per tree
values (i.e. NETCFV, NETCFVSL, NETBFV, DRYBIOT, or DRYBIOM), and the
appropriate area expander from the plot table.

42\. TPAMORT Mortality trees per acre per year. The number of trees per
acre per year that the tree represents for calculating mortality on
forest land. Mortality volume per acre per year is calculated by
multiplying TPAMORT times MORTGS, MORTSL, or MORTAL for each tree. Total
annual mortality volume is calculated by summing the product of the
annual per acre mortality and the appropriate area expander from the
plot table.

43\. TPAREMV Removals trees per acre per year. The number of trees per
acre per year that the tree represents for calculating removals from
forest land. Removal volume per acre per year is calculated by
multiplying TPAREMV times REMVGS, REMVSL, or REMVAL for each tree. Total
annual removal volume is calculated by summing the product of the annual
per acre removal and the appropriate area expander from the plot table.

44\. TPAGROW Growth trees per acre. The number of trees per acre that
the tree represents for calculating growth on forest land. Growth volume
per acre per year is calculated by multiplying TPAGROW times GROWGS,
GROWSL, or GROWAL for each tree. Total annual growth volume is
calculated by summing the product of the annual per acre growth and the
appropriate area expander from the plot table.

45\. VOLCFGS Net cubic-foot volume. The net volume of wood in the
central stem of a sample commercial species tree 5.0 inches diameter or
larger from a 1-foot stump to a minimum 4-inch top d.o.b. or to where
the central stem breaks into limbs all of which are less than 4.0 inches
d.o.b. This is a per tree value and must be multiplied by TPACURR to
obtain per acre information. Trees with DIA less than 5.0 have zero in
this field. All trees with DIA 5.0 or larger (including dead and cut
trees) have entries in this field.

46\. VOLCFSL Net cubic-foot volume in the sawlog portion. The net volume
of wood in the central stem of a sample commercial species tree of
sawtimber size (9.0 inches DBH minimum for softwoods, 11.0 inches DBH
minimum for hardwoods) from a 1-foot stump to a minimum top d.o.b. (7.0
inches for softwoods, 9.0 inches for hardwoods) or to where the central
stem breaks into limbs, all of which are less than the minimum top
d.o.b. This is a per tree value and must be multiplied by one of the
above expansion factors to obtain per acre information. Trees with DIA
less than 9.0 (11.0 for hardwoods), have zero in this field. All larger
trees have entries in this field if they are growing-stock trees
(TREECLCD = 2). All rough and rotten (TREECLCD = 3 or 4) have zero in
this field.

47\. VOLBFSL Net board-foot volume in the sawlog portion. The net volume
of wood in the central stem of a sample commercial species tree of
sawtimber size (9.0 inches DBH minimum for softwoods, 11.0 inches DBH
minimum for hardwoods) from a 1-foot stump to a minimum top d.o.b. (7.0
inches for softwoods, 9.0 inches for hardwoods) or to where the central
stem breaks into limbs all of which are less than the minimum top d.o.b.
Volume is based on International 1/4-inch rule. This is a per tree value
and must be multiplied by one of the above expansion factors to obtain
per unit area information. Trees with DIA less than 9.0 (11.0 for
hardwoods) have zero in this field. All larger trees should have entries
in this field if they are growing-stock trees (TREECLCD = 2, including
cut and dead trees). All rough and rotten trees (TREECLCD = 3 or 4) have
zero in this field.

48\. VOLCFSND Sound cubic-foot volume. The volume of sound wood in the
central stem of a sample tree 5.0 inches diameter or larger from a
1-foot stump to a minimum 4-inch top d.o.b. or to where the central stem
breaks into limbs all of which are less than 4.0 inches d.o.b. Form cull
but not rotten cull is included. This is a per tree value and must be
multiplied by TPACURR to obtain per acre information. Trees with DIA
less than 5.0 have zero in this field. All trees with DIAMETER 5.0 or
larger (including dead and cut trees) have entries in this field.

49\. GROWCFGS Annual net cubic-foot growth. The net change in cubic-foot
volume per year of this tree (for remeasured plots, (V2-V1)/(t2-t1);
where 1 and 2 denote the past and current measurement, respectively, V
is volume, and t indicates year of measurement). Because this value is
net growth, it may be a negative number. Negative growth values are
usually due to mortality (V2=0) but can also occur on live trees that
have a net loss in volume because of damage, rot, or other causes. To
expand to a per acre value multiple by TPAGROW.

50\. GROWBFSL Annual net board-foot growth. The net change in board-foot
volume per year of this tree (for remeasured plots (V2-V1)/(t2-t1)).
Because this value is net growth, it may be a negative number. Negative
growth values are usually due to mortality (V2=0) but can also occur on
live trees that have a net loss in volume because of damage, rot, or
other causes. To expand to a per acre value multiple by TPAGROW.

51\. GROWCFAL Annual all live net cubic foot growth. The net change in
cubic-foot volume per year of this tree (for remeasured plots
(V2-V1)/(t2-t1)). Because this value is net growth, it may be a negative
number. Negative growth values are usually due to mortality (V2=0) but
can also occur on live trees that have a net loss in volume because of
damage, rot, or other causes. To expand to a per acre value multiple by
TPAGROW. GROWAL differs from GROWGS by the inclusion of cull tree
volume.

52\. MORTCFGS Net cubic foot volume of the tree for mortality purposes.
Represents the cubic-foot volume of the tree at time of mortality. To
obtain estimates of annual per acre mortality multiply by TPAMORT.

53\. MORTBFSL Net board foot volume of the tree for mortality purposes.
Represents the board-foot (International 1/4\" rule) volume of the tree
at time of mortality. To obtain estimates of annual per acre mortality
multiply by TPAMORT.

54\. MORTCFAL Net cubic foot volume of the tree for mortality purposes.
Represents the cubic-foot volume of the tree at time of mortality. To
obtain estimates of annual per acre mortality multiply by TPAMORT.
MORTAL differs from MORTGS by the inclusion of cull tree volume.

55\. REMVCFGS Net cubic foot volume of the tree for removal purposes.
Represents the cubic-foot volume of the tree at time of removal. To
obtain estimates of annual per acre removals (from timberland) multiply
by TPAREMV.

56\. REMVBFSL Net board foot volume of the tree for removal purposes.
Represents the board-foot (International 1/4\" rule) volume of the tree
at time of removal. To obtain estimates of annual per acre removals
(from timberland) multiply by TPAREMV.

57\. REMVCFAL Net cubic foot volume of the tree for removal purposes.
Represents the cubic-foot volume of the tree at time of removal. To
obtain estimates of annual per acre removals (from timberland) multiply
by TPAREMV. REMVAL differs from REMVGS by the inclusion of cull tree
volume.

58\. DRYBIOT Total gross biomass oven-dry weight for live trees. The
total above-ground biomass of a sample tree 1.0 inch diameter or larger,
including all tops and limbs (but excluding foliage). This is a per tree
value and must be multiplied by TPACURR to obtain per acre information.
Calculated in oven-dry pounds per tree. This field should have an entry
for live trees if DIA is 1.0 or larger, regardless of TREECLCD; zero
otherwise.

59\. DRYBIOM Merchantable stem biomass oven-dry weight for live trees.
The total gross biomass (including bark) of a tree 5.0 inches DBH or
larger from a 1-foot stump to a minimum 4-inch top d.o.b. of the central
stem. This is a per tree value and must be multiplied by TPACURR to
obtain per acre information. Calculated in oven-dry pounds per tree.
This field should have an entry for live trees if DIA is 5.0 or larger,
regardless of TREECLCD; zero otherwise.

60\. DIACHECK Diameter check. A code indicating the reliability of the
diameter measurement. New in 1999.

Code Diameter check

0 Diameter accurately measured at standard measurement locations (e.g.
measured at 4.5\', or 3.5\' above fork, or at root collar).

1 Diameter estimated at standard measurement location (e.g. estimated at
4.5\' (fused stems, large swell at bh)).

2 Diameter accurately measured at non-standard location (e.g. measured
just above swells, cankers, etc.).

3 Diameter estimated at non-standard location (e.g. estimated above butt
swell).

4 Diameter measured at nonstandard location on tree, but not same
location as previous measurement (remeasurement trees only).

5 Diameter predicted in the office.

-1 Unavailable

61\. MORTYEAR Mortality year. The year that a remeasured tree was
estimated to have died. New in 1999.

Seedling Table (Oracle table name is SEEDLING)

Value or Key

Column Oracle unit of data

[name data type measure item]{.underline}

1\. TABLENM VARCHAR2 (8) SEEDLING

2\. STATECD NUMBER (4) Coded X

3\. CYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X

4\. SUBCYCLE NUMBER (2) Number X

5\. UNITCD NUMBER (2) Coded X

6\. COUNTYCD NUMBER (3) Coded X

7\. PLOT NUMBER (5) Number X

8\. SUBP NUMBER (3) Number X

9\. CONDID NUMBER (1) Number X

10\. SPCD NUMBER (3) Coded X

11\. SPGRPCD NUMBER (2) Coded

12\. COUNTCD VARCHAR2 (2) Coded

1\. TABLENM Table name. Identifies the table to which the record
belongs.

2\. STATECD State code. Bureau of the Census Federal Information
Processing Standards (FIPS) 2-digit code for each state except Alaska
(Table 1). Alaska is divided into 8 inventory sections (see Table 1 for
codes).

3\. CYCLE Inventory cycle number. Identifies the cycle number for the
inventory data. For example, a 4 would indicate the data came from the
fourth inventory of that state. A cycle number greater than 1 does not
necessarily indicate information for previous cycles resides in the
database.

4\. SUBCYCLE Inventory subcycle number. For an annual inventory that
takes n years to measure all plots, subcycle indicates in which nth year
of the cycle the data was measured. Subcycle is 0 for a periodic
inventory.

5\. UNITCD Survey unit number. Forest Inventory and Analysis survey unit
identification number. Survey units are usually groups of counties
within each state. In western states NFS lands make up one set of units
and non-FS lands another set of units. See Appendix C for codes.

6\. COUNTYCD County code. A code for each county, watershed, borough, or
similar governmental unit in a state. FIPS codes from the Bureau of the
Census, 1990, are used if a single county is represented. See Appendix C
for specific codes.

7\. PLOT Plot number. Plot numbers are unique within a county/survey
unit combination, but may be repeated within a state.

8\. SUBP Subplot number. Subplot number used to identify on which
subplot (of the plot) the tree was measured.

9\. CONDID Condition number. Each condition mapped on a plot is assigned
a number. Condition is defined by owner class and land class.
Differences in broad forest type, stand size, stand origin, and stand
density further define condition for forest land. Mapped nonforest
conditions are also assigned numbers. Once a number has been assigned,
the number is reused whenever that same condition is encountered on the
plot. Each sample tree is assigned the number of the condition in which
it is located. The default value for this item is 1.

10\. SPCD Species code. A standard tree species code. Codes for trees in
the FIADB are listed in Appendix F.

11\. SPGRPCD Species group. An FIA species group number. This number is
used to produce many of the core tables. The assignment of individual
species (SPCD) to these groups is shown in Appendix G. Individual FIA
programs may further break these species groups down for published
tables, but this is a common list that all published core tables must
match.

12\. COUNTCD Seedling count. A code that indicates the number of
seedlings (DIA \< 1.0 inches) present on the microplot. Conifer
seedlings are at least 6 inches tall and hardwood seedlings are at least
12 inches tall. New in 1999.

Code Seedling count

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

6+ 6 or more

Chapter 4 \-- Algorithms for Summarizing Data

Inventories completed prior to the introduction of the Forest Health
Monitoring (FHM) mapped design in 1999, were designed to provide
estimates of timberland area and growing-stock volume. Prior to 1999,
tree level data was not collected on reserved and unproductive
forestland and as a result a number of forestland statistics will be
unavailable until the completion of a State's first inventory using the
FHM mapped design. Estimates of growth, removals, and mortality from
reserved and unproductive forestland will not be available until the
completion of a State's second inventory using the FHM mapped design.

Because of these limitations the algorithms have been divided into 3
groups:

1)  Algorithms that will work on all inventories.

2)  Algorithms that will work on inventories completed after 1999 (e.g.,
    volume of all live on forestland).

3\) Algorithms that can be applied to the second inventory cycle
completed after 1999 (e.g., growth, removals, and mortality of all live
on forestland).

**Algorithms that will work on all inventories**

Table 1. Algorithms to expand condition level items to population
estimates. Each item is computed by summing the corresponding quantities
over all conditions that meet the requirements.

+-----+----------------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| >   | > **Type**           | >               | > **Requirements**   |
| **U |                      | **Calculation** |                      |
| nit |                      |                 |                      |
| s** |                      |                 |                      |
+-----+----------------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| >   | > All land and       | > p.expcurr \*  | > c.landclcd=1 or 2  |
|  Ac | > noncensus water    | > c.condprop    | > or 3               |
| res |                      |                 |                      |
+-----+----------------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| >   | > Forest land        | > p.expcurr \*  | > c.landclcd=1       |
|  Ac |                      | > c.condprop    |                      |
| res |                      |                 |                      |
+-----+----------------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| >   | > Timberland         | > p.expcurr \*  | > c.landclcd=1 and   |
|  Ac |                      | > c.condprop    | > c.reservcd=0 and   |
| res |                      |                 | > c.siteclcd in      |
|     |                      |                 | > (1,2,3,4,5,6)      |
+-----+----------------------+-----------------+----------------------+

To calculate the total land area for the State of Michigan for the 5th
survey:

SELECT SUM(p.expcurr\*c.condprop)

FROM plot p,

cond c

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

(c.landclcd=1 OR c.landclcd=2 OR c.landclcd=3);

To calculate the total forest area for the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expcurr \* c.condprop)

FROM plot p,

cond c

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

c.landclcd=1;

To calculate the total timberland area for the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expcurr \* c.condprop)

FROM plot p,

cond c

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

c.landclcd=1 AND

c.reservcd=0 AND

c.siteclcd in (1,2,3,4,5,6);

Table 2. Algorithms to expand tree level items to population estimates
of number of trees on timberland from FIADB tables. Each item is
computed by summing the corresponding quantities over all trees that
meet the requirements.

+-----+----------------+----------------+----------------------------+
| >   | > **Type**     | > *            | > **Requirements**         |
| **U |                | *Calculation** |                            |
| nit |                |                |                            |
| s** |                |                |                            |
+-----+----------------+----------------+----------------------------+
| >   | > All live on  | > p.expcurr \* | > c.landclcd=1 and         |
|  Tr | > timberland   | > t.tpacurr    | > c.reservcd=0 and         |
| ees |                |                | > c.siteclcd in            |
|     |                |                | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and        |
|     |                |                | > t.statuscd=1             |
+-----+----------------+----------------+----------------------------+
| >   | > Growing      | > p.expcurr \* | > c.landclcd=1 and         |
|  Tr | > stock on     | > t.tpacurr    | > c.reservcd=0 and         |
| ees | > timberland   |                | > c.siteclcd in            |
|     |                |                | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and        |
|     |                |                | > t.statuscd=1 and         |
|     |                |                | > t.treeclcd=2             |
+-----+----------------+----------------+----------------------------+
| >   | > Rough on     | > p.expcurr \* | > c.landclcd=1 and         |
|  Tr | > timberland   | > t.tpacurr    | > c.reservcd=0 and         |
| ees |                |                | > c.siteclcd in            |
|     |                |                | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and        |
|     |                |                | > t.statuscd=1 and         |
|     |                |                | > t.treeclcd=3             |
+-----+----------------+----------------+----------------------------+
| >   | > Rotten on    | > p.expcurr \* | > c.landclcd=1 and         |
|  Tr | > timberland   | > t.tpacurr    | > c.reservcd=0 and         |
| ees |                |                | > c.siteclcd in            |
|     |                |                | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and        |
|     |                |                | > t.statuscd=1 and         |
|     |                |                | > t.treeclcd=4             |
+-----+----------------+----------------+----------------------------+

To calculate the total number of all live white pine trees on timberland
in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expcurr \* t.tpacurr)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

p.statecd=t.statecd AND

p.cycle=t.cycle AND

p.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

p.countycd=t.countycd AND

p.plot=t.plot AND

t.condid=c.condid AND

c.landclcd=1 AND

c.reservcd=0 AND

c.siteclcd in (1,2,3,4,5,6) AND

t.statuscd=1 AND

t.spcd=129;

Table 3. Algorithms to expand tree level items to population estimates
of volume of trees on timberland. Each item is computed by summing the
corresponding quantities over all trees that meet the requirements.

+-----+--------------+------------------+------------------------------+
| >   | > **Type**   | >                | > **Requirements**           |
| **U |              |  **Calculation** |                              |
| nit |              |                  |                              |
| s** |              |                  |                              |
+-----+--------------+------------------+------------------------------+
| > c | > All live   | > p.expcurr \*   | > c.landclcd=1 and           |
| uft | > on         | > t.tpacurr \*   | > c.reservcd=0 and           |
|     | > timberland | > t.volcfgs      | > c.siteclcd in              |
|     |              |                  | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and          |
|     |              |                  | > t.statuscd=1               |
+-----+--------------+------------------+------------------------------+
| > c | > Growing    | > p.expcurr \*   | > c.landclcd=1 and           |
| uft | > stock on   | > t.tpacurr \*   | > c.reservcd=0 and           |
|     | > timberland | > t.volcfgs      | > c.siteclcd in              |
|     |              |                  | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and          |
|     |              |                  | > t.statuscd=1 and           |
|     |              |                  | > t.treeclcd=2               |
+-----+--------------+------------------+------------------------------+
| > c | > Rough on   | > p.expcurr \*   | > c.landclcd=1 and           |
| uft | > timberland | > t.tpacurr \*   | > c.reservcd=0 and           |
|     |              | > t.volcfgs      | > c.siteclcd in              |
|     |              |                  | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and          |
|     |              |                  | > t.statuscd=1 and           |
|     |              |                  | > t.treeclcd=3               |
+-----+--------------+------------------+------------------------------+
| > c | > Rotten on  | > p.expcurr \*   | > c.landclcd=1 and           |
| uft | > timberland | > t.tpacurr \*   | > c.reservcd=0 and           |
|     |              | > t.volcfgs      | > c.siteclcd in              |
|     |              |                  | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and          |
|     |              |                  | > t.statuscd=1 and           |
|     |              |                  | > t.treeclcd=4               |
+-----+--------------+------------------+------------------------------+
| > c | > Saw log    | > p.expcurr \*   | > c.landclcd=1 and           |
| uft | > portion of | > t.tpacurr \*   | > c.reservcd=0 and           |
|     | > growing    | > t.volcfsl      | > c.siteclcd in              |
|     | > stock on   |                  | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and          |
|     | > timberland |                  | > t.statuscd=1 and           |
|     |              |                  | > t.treeclcd=2               |
+-----+--------------+------------------+------------------------------+
| > b | > Sawtimber  | > p.expcurr \*   | > c.landclcd=1 and           |
| dft | > on         | > t.tpacurr \*   | > c.reservcd=0 and           |
|     | > timberland | > t.volbfsl      | > c.siteclcd in              |
|     |              |                  | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and          |
|     |              |                  | > t.statuscd=1 and           |
|     |              |                  | > t.treeclcd=2               |
+-----+--------------+------------------+------------------------------+

To calculate the total volume of all live white pine trees on timberland
in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expcurr \* t.tpacurr \* t.volcfgs)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

p.statecd=t.statecd AND

p.cycle=t.cycle AND

p.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

p.countycd=t.countycd AND

p.plot=t.plot AND

t.condid=c.condid AND

c.landclcd=1 AND

c.reservcd=0 AND

c.siteclcd in (1,2,3,4,5,6) AND

t.statuscd=1 AND

t.spcd=129;

Table 4. Algorithms to expand tree level items to population estimates
of growth, mortality, or removals on timberland. Each item is computed
by summing the corresponding quantities over all trees that meet the
requirements.

+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| > **Units**   | > **Type**      | >               | > *             |
|               |                 | **Calculation** | *Requirements** |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| > Cuft        | > Total growing | > p.expgrow \*  | > (c.landclcd=1 |
| > growth/year | > stock growth  | > t.tpagrow \*  | > and           |
|               | > on timberland | > t.growcfgs    | > c.reservcd=0  |
|               |                 |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > c.siteclcd in |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (1,2,3,4,5,6)) |
|               |                 |                 | > or            |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (oc.landclcd=1 |
|               |                 |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > oc.reservcd=0 |
|               |                 |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > oc.siteclcd   |
|               |                 |                 | > in            |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (1,2,3,4,5,6)) |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| > Cuft        | > Total growing | > p.expmort \*  | > (c.landclcd=1 |
| > m           | > stock         | > t.tpamort \*  | > and           |
| ortality/year | > mortality on  | > t.mortcfgs    | > c.reservcd=0  |
|               | > timberland    |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > c.siteclcd in |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (1,2,3,4,5,6)) |
|               |                 |                 | > or            |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (oc.landclcd=1 |
|               |                 |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > oc.reservcd=0 |
|               |                 |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > oc.siteclcd   |
|               |                 |                 | > in            |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (1,2,3,4,5,6)) |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| > Cuft        | > Total growing | > p.expremv \*  | > t.treeclcd=2  |
| >             | > stock         | > t.tparemv \*  |                 |
| removals/year | > removals on   | > t.remvcfgs    |                 |
|               | > timberland.   |                 |                 |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| > Bdft        | > Total         | > p.expgrow \*  | > (c.landclcd=1 |
| > growth/year | > sawtimber     | > t.tpagrow \*  | > and           |
|               | > growth on     | > t.growbfsl    | > c.reservcd=0  |
|               | > timberland    |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > c.siteclcd in |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (1,2,3,4,5,6)) |
|               |                 |                 | > or            |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (oc.landclcd=1 |
|               |                 |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > oc.reservcd=0 |
|               |                 |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > oc.siteclcd   |
|               |                 |                 | > in            |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (1,2,3,4,5,6)) |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| > Bdft        | > Total         | > p.expmort \*  | > (c.landclcd=1 |
| > m           | > sawtimber     | > t.tpamort \*  | > and           |
| ortality/year | > mortality on  | > t.almort      | > c.reservcd=0  |
|               | > timberland    |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > c.siteclcd in |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (1,2,3,4,5,6)) |
|               |                 |                 | > or            |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (oc.landclcd=1 |
|               |                 |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > oc.reservcd=0 |
|               |                 |                 | > and           |
|               |                 |                 | > oc.siteclcd   |
|               |                 |                 | > in            |
|               |                 |                 | >               |
|               |                 |                 |  (1,2,3,4,5,6)) |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| > Bdft        | > Total         | > p.expremv \*  | > t.treeclcd=2  |
| >             | > sawtimber     | > t.tparemv \*  |                 |
| removals/year | > removals on   | > t.remvbfsl    |                 |
|               | > timberland    |                 |                 |
+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+

To calculate the total growth of white pine growing stock trees on
timberland in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expgrow \* t.tpagrow \* t.growcfgs)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t,

cond oc

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

c.statecd=t.statecd AND

c.cycle=t.cycle AND

c.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

c.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

c.countycd=t.countycd AND

c.plot=t.plot AND

c.condid=t.condid AND

t.statecd=oc.statecd (+) AND

(t.cycle-1)=oc.cycle (+) AND

t.subcycle=oc.subcycle(+) AND

t.unitcd=oc.unitcd (+) AND

t.countycd=oc.countycd (+) AND

t.plot=oc.plot (+) AND

t.prevcond=oc.condid (+) AND

((c.landclcd=1 and c.siteclcd in (1,2,3,4,5,6) and c.reservcd=0) OR

(oc.landclcd=1 and oc.siteclcd in (1,2,3,4,5,6) and oc.reservcd=0)) AND

t.spcd=129;

Note: we need to do an outer join for the COND record because there will
be no record in the COND table if the plot is a new plot (some FIA units
modeled growth for new plots). An outer join will cause the value of
oc.landclcd (land class from the previous cycle COND record) to be null
if a record meeting the conditions is not found.

To calculate the total mortality of white pine growing stock trees on
timberland in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expmort \* t.tpamort \* t.mortcfgs)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t,

cond oc

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

c.statecd=t.statecd AND

c.cycle=t.cycle AND

c.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

c.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

c.countycd=t.countycd AND

c.plot=t.plot AND

c.condid=t.condid AND

t.statecd=oc.statecd (+) AND

(t.cycle-1)=oc.cycle (+) AND

t.subcycle=oc.subcycle(+) AND

t.unitcd=oc.unitcd (+) AND

t.countycd=oc.countycd (+) AND

t.plot=oc.plot (+) AND

t.prevcond=oc.condid (+) AND

((c.landclcd=1 and c.siteclcd in (1,2,3,4,5,6) and c.reservcd=0) OR

(oc.landclcd=1 and oc.siteclcd in (1,2,3,4,5,6) and oc.reservcd=0)) AND

t.treeclcd=2 AND

t.spcd=129;

Note: we need to do an outer join for the COND record because there will
be no record in the COND table if the plot is a new plot (some FIA units
modeled mortality for new plots). An outer join will cause the value of
oc.landclcd (land class from the previous cycle COND record) to be null
if a record meeting the conditions is not found.

To calculate the total average annual removals of white pine growing
stock trees from timberland in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expremv \* t.tparemv \* t.remvcfgs)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

c.statecd=t.statecd AND

c.cycle=t.cycle AND

c.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

c.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

c.countycd=t.countycd AND

c.plot=t.plot AND

c.condid=t.condid AND

t.treeclcd=2 AND

t.spcd=129;

Table 5. Algorithms to expand tree level items to population estimates
of biomass of trees on timberland. Each item is computed by summing the
corresponding quantities over all trees that meet the requirements.

+----------+------------------+--------------+------------------------+
| > *      | > **Type**       | > **C        | > **Requirements**     |
| *Units** |                  | alculation** |                        |
+----------+------------------+--------------+------------------------+
| >        | > Total all live | > p.expgrow  | > c.landclcd=1 and     |
| Oven-dry | > on timberland  | > \*         | > c.reservcd=0 and     |
| > lbs.   |                  | > t.tpacurr  | > c.siteclcd in        |
|          |                  | > \*         | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and    |
|          |                  | > t.drybiot  | > t.statuscd=1         |
+----------+------------------+--------------+------------------------+
| >        | > Total all live | > p.expmort  | > c.landclcd=1 and     |
| Oven-dry | > merchantable   | > \*         | > c.reservcd=0 and     |
| > lbs.   | > on timberland  | > t.tpacurr  | > c.siteclcd in        |
|          |                  | > \*         | > (1,2,3,4,5,6) and    |
|          |                  | > t.drybiom  | > t.statuscd=1         |
+----------+------------------+--------------+------------------------+

To calculate the total all live biomass of white pine trees on
timberland in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expcurr \* t.tpacurr \* t.drybiot)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

c.statecd=t.statecd AND

c.cycle=t.cycle AND

c.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

c.countycd=t.countycd AND

c.plot=t.plot AND

c.condid=t.condid AND

c.landclcd=1 AND

c.reservcd=0 AND

c.siteclcd in (1,2,3,4,5,6) AND

t.statuscd=1 AND

t.spcd=129;

Algorithms that will work on inventories completed after 1999

Table 6. Algorithms to expand tree level items to population estimates
of number of trees on forestland. Each item is computed by summing the
corresponding quantities over all trees that meet the requirements.

+----+---------------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| >  | > **Type**          | > **Cal    | > **Requirements**          |
|  * |                     | culation** |                             |
| *U |                     |            |                             |
| ni |                     |            |                             |
| ts |                     |            |                             |
| ** |                     |            |                             |
+----+---------------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| >  | > All live on       | >          | > c.landclcd=1 and          |
|  T | > forest land       |  p.expcurr | > t.statuscd=1              |
| re |                     | > \*       |                             |
| es |                     | >          |                             |
|    |                     |  t.tpacurr |                             |
+----+---------------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| >  | > Growing stock on  | >          | > c.landclcd=1 and          |
|  T | > forest land       |  p.expcurr | > t.statuscd=1 and          |
| re |                     | > \*       | > t.treeclcd=2              |
| es |                     | >          |                             |
|    |                     |  t.tpacurr |                             |
+----+---------------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| >  | > Rough on forest   | >          | > c.landclcd=1 and          |
|  T | > land              |  p.expcurr | > t.statuscd=1 and          |
| re |                     | > \*       | > t.treeclcd=3              |
| es |                     | >          |                             |
|    |                     |  t.tpacurr |                             |
+----+---------------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| >  | > Rotten on forest  | >          | > c.landclcd=1 and          |
|  T | > land              |  p.expcurr | > t.statuscd=1 and          |
| re |                     | > \*       | > t.treeclcd=4              |
| es |                     | >          |                             |
|    |                     |  t.tpacurr |                             |
+----+---------------------+------------+-----------------------------+
| >  | > Salvable dead on  | >          | > c.landclcd=1 and          |
|  T | > forest land       |  p.expcurr | > t.statuscd=2 and          |
| re |                     | > \*       | > t.treeclcd=2              |
| es |                     | >          |                             |
|    |                     |  t.tpacurr |                             |
+----+---------------------+------------+-----------------------------+

To calculate the total number of all live white pine trees on forest
land in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expcurr \* t.tpacurr)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t

WHERE p.statecd=26 and

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

p.statecd=t.statecd AND

p.cycle=t.cycle AND

p.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

p.countycd=t.countycd AND

p.plot=t.plot AND

t.condid=c.condid AND

c.landclcd=1 AND

t.statuscd=1 AND

t.spcd=129;

Table 7. Algorithms to expand tree level items to population estimates
of volume of trees on forest land. Each item is computed by summing the
corresponding quantities over all trees that meet the requirements.

+-----+-----------------+--------------------+------------------------+
| >   | > **Type**      | > **Calculation**  | > **Requirements**     |
| **U |                 |                    |                        |
| nit |                 |                    |                        |
| s** |                 |                    |                        |
+-----+-----------------+--------------------+------------------------+
| > c | > All live on   | > p.expcurr \*     | > c.landclcd=1 and     |
| uft | > forest        | > t.tpacurr \*     | > t.statuscd=1         |
|     |                 | > t.volcfgs        |                        |
+-----+-----------------+--------------------+------------------------+
| > c | > Growing stock | > p.expcurr \*     | > c.landclcd=1 and     |
| uft | > on forest     | > t.tpacurr \*     | > t.statuscd=1 and     |
|     |                 | > t.volcfgs        | > t.treeclcd=2         |
+-----+-----------------+--------------------+------------------------+
| > c | > Rough on      | > p.expcurr \*     | > c.landclcd=1 and     |
| uft | > forest        | > t.tpacurr \*     | > t.statuscd=1 and     |
|     |                 | > t.volcfgs        | > t.treeclcd=3         |
+-----+-----------------+--------------------+------------------------+
| > c | > Rotten on     | > p.expcurr \*     | > c.landclcd=1 and     |
| uft | > forest        | > t.tpacurr \*     | > t.treeclcd=4         |
|     |                 | > t.volcfgs        |                        |
+-----+-----------------+--------------------+------------------------+
| > c | > Salvable dead | > p.expcurr \*     | > c.landclcd=1 and     |
| uft | > on forest     | > t.tpacurr \*     | > t.statuscd=2 and     |
|     |                 | > t.volcfgs        | > t.treeclcd=2         |
|     |                 | >                  |                        |
|     |                 | > Note: use        |                        |
|     |                 | > tpacurr not      |                        |
|     |                 | > tpamort since    |                        |
|     |                 | > this is volume   |                        |
|     |                 | > not mortality    |                        |
|     |                 | > (trees are on    |                        |
|     |                 | > FHM plot)        |                        |
+-----+-----------------+--------------------+------------------------+
| > c | > Sawlog        | > p.expcurr \*     | > c.landclcd=1 and     |
| uft | > portion of    | > t.tpacurr \*     | > t.statuscd=1 and     |
|     | > growing stock | > t.volcfsl        | > t.treeclcd=2         |
|     | > on forest     |                    |                        |
+-----+-----------------+--------------------+------------------------+
| > b | > Sawtimber on  | > p.expcurr \*     | > c.landclcd=1 and     |
| dft | > forest        | > t.tpacurr \*     | > t.statuscd=1 and     |
|     |                 | > t.volbfsl        | > t.treeclcd=2         |
+-----+-----------------+--------------------+------------------------+

To calculate the total volume of all live white pine trees on forest
land in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expcurr \* t.tpacurr \* t.volcfgs)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

p.statecd=t.statecd AND

p.cycle=t.cycle AND

p.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

p.countycd=t.countycd AND

p.plot=t.plot AND

t.condid=c.condid AND

c.landclcd=1 AND

t.statuscd=1 AND

t.spcd=129;

Table 8. Algorithms to expand tree level items to population estimates
of biomass of trees on forest land. Each item is computed by summing the
corresponding quantities over all trees that meet the requirements.

+-----------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+
| >         | > **Type**        | >                | >                |
| **Units** |                   |  **Calculation** | **Requirements** |
+-----------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+
| >         | > Total all live  | > p.expcurr \*   | > c.landclcd=1   |
|  Oven-dry | > on forest land  | > t.tpacurr \*   | > and            |
| > lbs.    |                   | > t.drybiot      | > t.statuscd=1   |
+-----------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+
| >         | > Total all live  | > p.expcurr \*   | > c.landclcd=1   |
|  Oven-dry | > merchantable on | > t.tpacurr \*   | > and            |
| > lbs.    | > forest land     | > t.drybiom      | > t.statuscd=1   |
+-----------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+

To calculate the total all live biomass of white pine trees on forest
land in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expcurr \* t.tpacurr \* t.drybiot)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

c.statecd=t.statecd AND

c.cycle=t.cycle AND

c.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

c.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

c.countycd=t.countycd AND

c.plot=t.plot AND

c.condid=t.condid AND

c.landclcd=1 AND

t.statuscd=1 AND

t.spcd=129;

**Algorithms that can be applied to the second inventory cycle completed
after 1999**

Table 9. Algorithms to expand tree level items to population estimates
of growth, mortality or removals of trees on forestland. Each item is
computed by summing the corresponding quantities over all trees that
meet the requirements.

+---------------+----------------------+-----------------+------------+
| > **Units**   | > **Type**           | >               | > **Requ   |
|               |                      | **Calculation** | irements** |
+---------------+----------------------+-----------------+------------+
| > Cuft        | > Total all live     | > p.expgrow \*  | > c.       |
| > growth/year | > growth on forest   | > t.tpagrow \*  | landclcd=1 |
|               | > land               | > t.growcfal    | > or       |
|               |                      |                 | > oc.      |
|               |                      |                 | landclcd=1 |
+---------------+----------------------+-----------------+------------+
| > Cuft        | > Total all live     | > p.expmort \*  | > c.       |
| > m           | > mortality on       | > t.tpamort \*  | landclcd=1 |
| ortality/year | > forest land        | > t.mortcfal    | > or       |
|               |                      |                 | > oc.      |
|               |                      |                 | landclcd=1 |
+---------------+----------------------+-----------------+------------+
| > Cuft        | > Total all live     | > p.expremv \*  | > c.       |
| >             | > removals on forest | > t.tparemv \*  | landclcd=1 |
| removals/year | > land               | > t.remvcfal    | > or       |
|               |                      |                 | > oc.      |
|               |                      |                 | landclcd=1 |
+---------------+----------------------+-----------------+------------+
| > Cuft        | > Total growing      | > p.expgrow \*  | > c.       |
| > growth/year | > stock growth on    | > t.tpagrow \*  | landclcd=1 |
|               | > forest land        | > t.growcfgs    | > or       |
|               |                      |                 | > oc.      |
|               |                      |                 | landclcd=1 |
+---------------+----------------------+-----------------+------------+
| > Cuft        | > Total growing      | > p.expmort \*  | > c.       |
| > m           | > stock mortality on | > t.tpamort \*  | landclcd=1 |
| ortality/year | > forest land        | > tmortcfgs     | > or       |
|               |                      |                 | > oc.      |
|               |                      |                 | landclcd=1 |
+---------------+----------------------+-----------------+------------+
| > Cuft        | > Total growing      | > p.expremv \*  | > c.       |
| >             | > stock removals on  | > t.tparemv \*  | landclcd=1 |
| removals/year | > forest land        | > t.remvcfgs    | > or       |
|               |                      |                 | > oc.      |
|               |                      |                 | landclcd=1 |
+---------------+----------------------+-----------------+------------+

To calculate the total growth of all live white pine trees on forest
land in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expgrow \* t.tpagrow \* t.growcfal)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t,

cond oc

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

c.statecd=t.statecd AND

c.cycle=t.cycle AND

c.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

c.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

c.countycd=t.countycd AND

c.plot=t.plot AND

c.condid=t.condid AND

t.statecd=oc.statecd (+) AND

(t.cycle-1)=oc.cycle (+) AND

t.subcycle=oc.subcycle(+) AND

t.unitcd=oc.unitcd (+) AND

t.countycd=oc.countycd (+) AND

t.plot=oc.plot (+) AND

t.prevcond=oc.condid (+) AND

(c.landclcd=1 OR

oc.landclcd=1) AND

t.spcd=129;

To calculate the total mortality of all live white pine trees on forest
land in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expmort \* t.tpamort \* t.mortcfal)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t,

cond oc

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

c.statecd=t.statecd AND

c.cycle=t.cycle AND

c.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

c.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

c.countycd=t.countycd AND

c.plot=t.plot AND

c.condid=t.condid AND

t.statecd=oc.statecd (+) AND

(t.cycle-1)=oc.cycle (+) AND

t.subcycle=oc.subcycle(+) AND

t.unitcd=oc.unitcd (+) AND

t.countycd=oc.countycd (+) AND

t.plot=oc.plot (+) AND

t.prevcond=oc.condid (+) AND

(c.landclcd=1 OR

oc.landclcd=1) AND

t.spcd=129;

To calculate the total removals of all live white pine trees on forest
land in the State of Michigan:

SELECT SUM(p.expremv \* t.tparemv \* t.remvcfal)

FROM plot p,

cond c,

tree t,

cond oc

WHERE p.statecd=26 AND

p.cycle=5 AND

p.statecd=c.statecd AND

p.cycle=c.cycle AND

p.subcycle=c.subcycle AND

p.unitcd=c.unitcd AND

p.countycd=c.countycd AND

p.plot=c.plot AND

c.statecd=t.statecd AND

c.subcycle=t.subcycle AND

c.cycle=t.cycle AND

c.unitcd=t.unitcd AND

c.countycd=t.countycd AND

c.plot=t.plot AND

c.condid=t.condid AND

t.statecd=oc.statecd AND

(t.cycle-1)=oc.cycle AND

t.subcycle=oc.subcycle AND

t.unitcd=oc.unitcd AND

t.countycd=oc.countycd AND

t.plot=oc.plot AND

t.prevcond=oc.condid AND

(c.landclcd=1 OR

oc.landclcd=1) AND

t.spcd=129;

References

Hansen, Mark H.; Frieswyk, Thomas; Glover, Joseph F.; Kelly, John F.
1992. The Eastwide forest inventory data base: users manual. Gen. Tech.
Rep. NC-151. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station. 48 p.

Woudenberg, Sharon W.; Farrenkopf, Thomas O. 1995. The Westwide forest
inventory data base: user\'s manual. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-317. Ogden,
UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain
Research Station. 67 p.

Appendix A \-- Index of Column Names

The following table lists column names used in the database tables,
their location, and a short description.

+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| Name     | Table   | Lo     | Description                           |
|          |         | cation |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| ADFORCD  | CO      | 15     | Administrative forest                 |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| AGENT1CD | TREE    | 27     | Damaging agent 1                      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| AGENT2CD | TREE    | 28     | Damaging agent 2                      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| AGENT3CD | TREE    | 29     | Damaging agent 3                      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| ALSTKCD  | CO      | 31     | All live stocking                     |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| ASPECT   | SUBPLOT | 12     | Subplot aspect                        |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| ASPECT   | CO      | 28     | Aspect                                |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| AZIMUTH  | TREE    | 11     | Azimuth                               |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CCLCD    | TREE    | 25     | Crown class                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CENSUSYR | SURVEY  | 9      | Census year                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CONDID   | CO      | 8      | Condition number                      |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CONDID   | TREE    | 10     | Condition number                      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CONDID   | S       | 9      | Condition number                      |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CONDPROP | CO      | 9      | Condition proportion                  |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| COUNTCD  | S       | 12     | Seedling count                        |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| COUNTYCD | COUNTY  | 4      | County code                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| COUNTYCD | PLOT    | 6      | County code                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| COUNTYCD | SUBPLOT | 6      | County code                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| COUNTYCD | CO      | 6      | County code                           |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| COUNTYCD | TREE    | 6      | County code                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| COUNTYCD | S       | 6      | County code                           |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| COUNTYNM | COUNTY  | 5      | County name                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CR       | TREE    | 24     | Crown ratio                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CULL     | TREE    | 30     | Rotten and missing cull               |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CYCLE    | SURVEY  | 3      | Inventory cycle number                |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CYCLE    | PLOT    | 3      | Inventory cycle number                |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CYCLE    | SUBPLOT | 3      | Inventory cycle number                |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CYCLE    | CO      | 3      | Inventory cycle number                |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CYCLE    | TREE    | 3      | Inventory cycle number                |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| CYCLE    | S       | 3      | Inventory cycle number                |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DAMLOC1  | TREE    | 31     | Damage location 1                     |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DAMLOC2  | TREE    | 34     | Damage location 2                     |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DAMLOC3  | TREE    | 37     | Damage location 3                     |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DAMSEV1  | TREE    | 33     | Damage severity 1                     |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DAMSEV2  | TREE    | 36     | Damage severity 2                     |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DAMSEV3  | TREE    | 39     | Damage severity 3                     |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DAMTYP1  | TREE    | 32     | Damage type 1                         |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DAMTYP2  | TREE    | 35     | Damage type 2                         |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DAMTYP3  | TREE    | 38     | Damage type 3                         |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DECAYCD  | TREE    | 40     | Dead tree decay                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DENSITY  | CO      | 17     | Change in tree density                |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DESIGNCD | PLOT    | 11     | Plot design                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DIA      | TREE    | 19     | Current diameter                      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DIACHECK | TREE    | 60     | Diameter check                        |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| Name     | Table   | Lo     | Description                           |
|          |         | cation |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| #        | TREE    | 20     | Height of diameter measurement        |
|  DIAHTCD |         |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DIST     | TREE    | 12     | Horizontal distance                   |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DRYBIOM  | TREE    | 59     | Merchantable stem biomass oven-dry    |
|          |         |        | weight for live trees                 |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DRYBIOT  | TREE    | 58     | Total gross biomass oven-dry weight   |
|          |         |        | for live trees                        |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DSTRBCD1 | CO      | 33     | Disturbance 1                         |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DSTRBCD2 | CO      | 35     | Disturbance 2                         |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DSTRBCD3 | CO      | 37     | Disturbance 3                         |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DSTRBYR1 | CO      | 34     | Year of disturbance 2                 |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DSTRBYR2 | CO      | 36     | Year of disturbance 2                 |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| DSTRBYR3 | CO      | 38     | Year of disturbance 3                 |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| ELEV     | PLOT    | 20     | Elevation                             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| EXPCHNG  | PLOT    | 27     | Periodic change expansion factor      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| EXPCURR  | PLOT    | 21     | Current expansion factor              |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| EXPGROW  | PLOT    | 22     | Growth expansion factor               |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| EXPMORT  | PLOT    | 24     | Mortality expansion factor            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| EXPREMV  | PLOT    | 26     | Removals expansion factor             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| FORINDCD | CO      | 14     | Private owner industrial status       |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| FORTYPCD | CO      | 16     | Forest type                           |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| GROWBFSL | TREE    | 50     | Annual net board-foot growth          |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| GROWCD   | PLOT    | 23     | Type of annual volume growth          |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| GROWCFAL | TREE    | 51     | Annual all live net cubic foot growth |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| GROWCFGS | TREE    | 49     | Annual net cubic-foot growth          |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| GSSTKCD  | CO      | 30     | Growing-stock stocking                |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| HRVHSTCD | CO      | 48     | Harvest history                       |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| HT       | TREE    | 21     | Height                                |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| HTCD     | TREE    | 22     | Height type                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| INVYR    | SURVEY  | 7      | Inventory year                        |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| KINDCD   | PLOT    | 10     | Plot kind                             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| LANDCLCD | CO      | 10     | Land class                            |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| LAT      | PLOT    | 18     | Latitude                              |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| LEANCD   | TREE    | 15     | Lean angle                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| LOADDATE | SURVEY  | 8      | Version date                          |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| LON      | PLOT    | 19     | Longitude                             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| MANUAL   | PLOT    | 28     | Field manual version                  |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| MEASDATE | PLOT    | 8      | Measurement date                      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| MICRCOND | SUBPLOT | 10     | Microplot center condition            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| MORTBFSL | TREE    | 53     | Net board foot volume of the tree for |
|          |         |        | mortality purposes                    |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| MORTCD   | PLOT    | 25     | Type of annual mortality volume       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| MORTCFAL | TREE    | 54     | Net cubic foot volume of the tree for |
|          |         |        | mortality purposes                    |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| MORTCFGS | TREE    | 52     | Net cubic foot volume of the tree for |
|          |         |        | mortality purposes                    |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| MORTYEAR | TREE    | 61     | Mortality year                        |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| NFSYR    | SURVEY  | 10     | National Forest System area control   |
|          |         |        | year                                  |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| NFYEAR   | CO      | 47     | Nonforest year                        |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| NOTES    | SURVEY  | 12     | Notes                                 |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| OWNCD    | CO      | 12     | Owner class                           |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| OWNGRPCD | CO      | 13     | Owner group                           |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| PASTNFCD | CO      | 45     | Past nonforest land use               |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| Name     | Table   | Lo     | Description                           |
|          |         | cation |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| PHYSCLCD | CO      | 29     | Physiographic class                   |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| PLOT     | PLOT    | 7      | Plot number                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| PLOT     | SUBPLOT | 7      | Plot number                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| PLOT     | CO      | 7      | Plot number                           |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| PLOT     | TREE    | 7      | Plot number                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| PLOT     | S       | 7      | Plot number                           |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| PRESNFCD | CO      | 46     | Present nonforest land use            |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| PREVCOND | TREE    | 13     | Previous condition number             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| PUBUSECD | PLOT    | 15     | Public use restrictions               |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| RDCD     | PLOT    | 12     | Trails or roads                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| RDDISTCD | PLOT    | 13     | Distance to improved road             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| RDUSECD  | PLOT    | 14     | Road use restrictions                 |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| RECUSECD | PLOT    | 16     | Recreation use                        |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| REMPER   | PLOT    | 9      | Remeasurement period                  |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| REMVBFSL | TREE    | 56     | Net board foot volume of the tree for |
|          |         |        | removal purposes                      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| REMVCFAL | TREE    | 57     | Net cubic foot volume of the tree for |
|          |         |        | removal purposes                      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| REMVCFGS | TREE    | 55     | Net cubic foot volume of the tree for |
|          |         |        | removal purposes                      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| RESERVCD | CO      | 11     | Reserved status class                 |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| RSCD     | SURVEY  | 11     | Region or Station ID                  |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SI       | CO      | 22     | Site index                            |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SIBASE   | CO      | 23     | Site index base age                   |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SISP     | CO      | 24     | Site index species                    |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SITECLCD | CO      | 21     | Site productivity class               |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SLOPE    | SUBPLOT | 11     | Subplot slope                         |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SLOPE    | CO      | 27     | Slope                                 |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SPCD     | TREE    | 17     | Species code                          |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SPCD     | S       | 10     | Species code                          |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SPGRPCD  | TREE    | 18     | Species group                         |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SPGRPCD  | S       | 11     | Species group                         |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STATEAB  | SURVEY  | 5      | State abbreviation                    |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STATECD  | SURVEY  | 2      | State code                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STATECD  | COUNTY  | 2      | State code                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STATECD  | PLOT    | 2      | State code                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STATECD  | SUBPLOT | 2      | State code                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STATECD  | CO      | 2      | State code                            |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STATECD  | TREE    | 2      | State code                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STATECD  | S       | 2      | State code                            |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STATENM  | SURVEY  | 6      | State name                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STATUSCD | TREE    | 14     | Tree status                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STDAGE   | CO      | 18     | Stand age                             |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STDORGCD | CO      | 25     | Stand origin                          |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STDORGSP | CO      | 26     | Stand origin species                  |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STDSTRCD | CO      | 20     | Stand-structure                       |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| STDSZCD  | CO      | 19     | Stand-size class                      |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SUBCYCLE | SURVEY  | 4      | Inventory subcycle number             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SUBCYCLE | PLOT    | 4      | Inventory subcycle number             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SUBCYCLE | SUBPLOT | 4      | Inventory subcycle number             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SUBCYCLE | CO      | 4      | Inventory subcycle number             |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| Name     | Table   | Lo     | Description                           |
|          |         | cation |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SUBCYCLE | TREE    | 4      | Inventory subcycle number             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SUBCYCLE | S       | 4      | Inventory subcycle number             |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SUBP     | SUBPLOT | 8      | Subplot number                        |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SUBP     | TREE    | 8      | Subplot number                        |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SUBP     | S       | 8      | Subplot number                        |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| SUBPCOND | SUBPLOT | 9      | Subplot center condition              |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TABLENM  | SURVEY  | 1      | Table name                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TABLENM  | COUNTY  | 1      | Table name                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TABLENM  | PLOT    | 1      | Table name                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TABLENM  | SUBPLOT | 1      | Table name                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TABLENM  | CO      | 1      | Table name                            |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TABLENM  | TREE    | 1      | Table name                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TABLENM  | S       | 1      | Table name                            |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TPACURR  | TREE    | 41     | Trees per acre                        |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TPAGROW  | TREE    | 44     | Growth trees per acre                 |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TPAMORT  | TREE    | 42     | Mortality trees per acre per year     |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TPAREMV  | TREE    | 43     | Removals trees per acre per year      |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TREE     | TREE    | 9      | Tree number                           |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TREECLCD | TREE    | 23     | Tree class                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TREEGRCD | TREE    | 26     | Tree grade                            |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TRTCD1   | CO      | 39     | Stand treatment 1                     |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TRTCD2   | CO      | 41     | Stand treatment 2                     |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TRTCD3   | CO      | 43     | Stand treatment 3                     |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TRTOPCD  | CO      | 32     | Treatment opportunity class           |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TRTYR1   | CO      | 40     | Treatment year 1                      |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TRTYR2   | CO      | 42     | Treatment year 2                      |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| TRTYR3   | CO      | 44     | Treatment year 3                      |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| UNITCD   | COUNTY  | 3      | Survey unit number                    |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| UNITCD   | PLOT    | 5      | Survey unit number                    |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| UNITCD   | SUBPLOT | 5      | Survey unit number                    |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| UNITCD   | CO      | 5      | Survey unit number                    |
|          | NDITION |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| UNITCD   | TREE    | 5      | Survey unit number                    |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| UNITCD   | S       | 5      | Survey unit number                    |
|          | EEDLING |        |                                       |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| UNITNM   | COUNTY  | 6      | Unit name                             |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| UTILCD   | TREE    | 16     | Utilization class                     |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| VOLBFSL  | TREE    | 47     | Net board-foot volume in the sawlog   |
|          |         |        | portion                               |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| VOLCFGS  | TREE    | 45     | Net cubic-foot volume                 |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| VOLCFSL  | TREE    | 46     | Net cubic-foot volume in the sawlog   |
|          |         |        | portion                               |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| VOLCFSND | TREE    | 48     | Sound cubic-foot volume               |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| WATER    | SUBPLOT | 13     | Water or snow depth                   |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| WATERCD  | PLOT    | 17     | Water on plot                         |
+----------+---------+--------+---------------------------------------+

Appendix B \-- Core Tables

Appendix C \-- Survey, Unit, and County Codes

Appendix D \-- Forest Type Codes

Appendix E \-- National Forest Codes

Appendix F \-- Tree Species Codes

Appendix G \-- Tree Species Group Codes

[^1]: The plot size of a 14.0 inch tree on a single 37.5 BAF (English)
    prism plot would be:

    (14.02 x )/(37.5 x 22 x 122) = .0285 acres.

    The plot size of this tree on a ten point cluster would be ten times
    this or .285 acres, producing an expansion factor of 3.51