CONSTRUCTION STANDARD SPECIFICATION

SECTION 02922

[LAWNS AND GRASSES]{.underline}

Page

[**PART 1 - GENERAL 3**](#__RefHeading___Toc178054000)

[1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS 3](#__RefHeading___Toc178054001)

[1.2 SUMMARY 3](#__RefHeading___Toc178054002)

[1.3 REFERENCES 3](#__RefHeading___Toc178054003)

[1.4 SUBMITTALS 4](#__RefHeading___Toc178054004)

[1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE 4](#__RefHeading___Toc178054005)

[1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING 5](#__RefHeading___Toc178054006)

[1.7 JOB CONDITIONS 5](#__RefHeading___Toc178054007)

[1.8 PROTECTION OF SEEDED AND SODDED AREAS
5](#__RefHeading___Toc178054008)

[1.9 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING 6](#__RefHeading___Toc178054009)

[PART 2 - PRODUCTS 6](#__RefHeading___Toc178054010)

[2.1 SEED 6](#__RefHeading___Toc178054011)

[2.2 RESTORATION SEED MIX 7](#__RefHeading___Toc178054012)

[2.3 INTERMEDIATE AREAS 7](#__RefHeading___Toc178054013)

[2.4 TURFGRASS MIX 7](#__RefHeading___Toc178054014)

[2.5 TURFGRASS SOD 8](#__RefHeading___Toc178054015)

[2.6 MEADOW GRASSES AND WILDFLOWERS 8](#__RefHeading___Toc178054016)

[2.7 INORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENTS 8](#__RefHeading___Toc178054017)

[2.8 ORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENTS 9](#__RefHeading___Toc178054018)

[2.9 FERTILIZERS 10](#__RefHeading___Toc178054019)

[2.10 PLANTING SOILS 10](#__RefHeading___Toc178054020)

[2.11 HAY MULCHES 10](#__RefHeading___Toc178054021)

[2.12 PESTICIDES 11](#__RefHeading___Toc178054022)

[2.13 EROSION-CONTROL MATERIALS 12](#__RefHeading___Toc178054023)

[2.14 ENYMATIC AGENT 12](#__RefHeading___Toc178054024)

[PART 3 - EXECUTION 12](#__RefHeading___Toc178054025)

[3.1 EXAMINATION 12](#__RefHeading___Toc178054026)

[3.2 PREPARATION 13](#__RefHeading___Toc178054027)

[3.3 AREA PREPARATION 13](#__RefHeading___Toc178054028)

[3.4 PREPARATION FOR EROSION-CONTROL MATERIALS
14](#__RefHeading___Toc178054029)

[3.5 SEEDING 14](#__RefHeading___Toc178054030)

[3.6 HYDROMULCHING/TACKIFIER ; Slopes flatter than 3:1, Irrigated sites
15](#__RefHeading___Toc178054031)

[3.7 HAY MULCH: Remote Areas-Slopes flatter than 3:1, Non-Irrigated
Sites 15](#__RefHeading___Toc178054032)

[3.8 HYDRO 16](#__RefHeading___Toc178054033)

[3.9 SODDING 16](#__RefHeading___Toc178054034)

[3.10 TURF RENOVATION 16](#__RefHeading___Toc178054035)

[3.11 MAINTENANCE 17](#__RefHeading___Toc178054036)

[3.12 SATISFACTORY TURF 18](#__RefHeading___Toc178054037)

[3.13 MEADOW 18](#__RefHeading___Toc178054038)

[3.14 MEADOW MAINTENANCE 18](#__RefHeading___Toc178054039)

[3.15 PESTICIDE APPLICATION 19](#__RefHeading___Toc178054040)

[3.16 CLEANUP AND PROTECTION 19](#__RefHeading___Toc178054041)

[3.17 FINAL INSPECTION AND ACCEPTANCE. 19](#__RefHeading___Toc178054042)

CONSTRUCTION STANDARD SPECIFICATION

SECTION 02922

[LAWNS AND GRASSES]{.underline}

1.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054000 .anchor}GENERAL

    1.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054001 .anchor}RELATED DOCUMENTS

        A.  Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including
            General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1
            Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

        B.  Work under this Section consists of preparing all areas
            indicated on the Contract Drawings for native grass seeding,
            sodding, furnishing and installing all seed and wildflower,
            mulch, fertilizer and soil amendments, and related work
            specified herein.

    2.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054002 .anchor}SUMMARY

        A.  Section Includes:

            1.  Seeding.

            2.  Hydroseeding.

            3.  Sodding.

            4.  Plugging.

            5.  Sprigging.

            6.  Meadow grasses and wildflowers.

            7.  Erosion-control material(s).

            8.  Grass paving.

        B.  Related Sections:

            1.  Section 02200 \"Earthwork\" for excavation, filling and
                backfilling, and rough grading.

            2.  Section 02812 \"Irrigation Systems\" for turf
                irrigation.

    3.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054003 .anchor}REFERENCES

        A.  The publications listed below form a part of this
            specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
            referred to in the text by basic designation only.

            U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (USDA) AMS SEED ACT (1995)
            Federal. See Act Regulations Part 201.

            Federal Seed Act and Amendments

            AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS -- ASTM

            ASTM D 4972 (1995a) pH of Soils

            ASTM D 5268 (1992; R 1996) Topsoil used for Landscaping
            Purposes.

            ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL SEED ANALYSTS -- AOSA

            New Mexico Crop Improvement Association

            New Mexico Seed Law

            New Mexico State University -- College of Agriculture & Home
            Economics

            Noxious Weed Control Act

    4.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054004 .anchor}SUBMITTALS

        A.  Submit in accordance with the requirements of Section 01330
            -- Submittal Procedures:

            1.  Certification of Landscape Work

                a.  Certificates of inspection and manufacturer\'s or
                    vendor\'s certified analysis for soil amendments,
                    mulch blankets, fertilizer, hay mulch, straw mulch
                    and tackifier/hydro-mulch materials.

                b.  Vendor's certification for each seed mixture
                    required, stating botanical and common name,
                    percentages or purity, germination, and weed seed
                    percentages for each seed species. Seed bag tag and
                    weights per bag with copies of invoices.

                c.  Proposed source of all native grass, shrub seed and
                    wildflower seed, which shall indicate the location
                    from which the seed was harvested.

        B.  Seeding Schedule: Propose seeding schedule showing scheduled
            dates for each type of seeding in each area of job site.
            Coordinate with specified maintenance periods to provide
            maintenance from date of final acceptance. Revise dates if
            necessary only with the SCO's (Sandia Construction Observer)
            approval after documentation of delays.

        C.  Maintenance Instructions -- Landscape Work: Instructions
            shall be submitted recommending procedures for the
            maintenance, including irrigation schedule of seeding work
            for one full year if an irrigation system is part of the
            project.

        D.  Qualification Data: For qualified landscape installer.

        E.  Provide MSDS sheets for Pesticides and Herbicides

    5.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054005 .anchor}QUALITY ASSURANCE

        A.  General

            1.  Landscape Contractor: A single licensed firm
                specializing in all aspects of landscape work and has a
                minimum of 5 years of experience in performing seeding
                and sodding as specified herein.

            2.  Provide seed mixture in containers showing percentage of
                seed mix, year of production, net weight, date of
                packaging, and location of packaging. Containers shall
                be shipped with certificates of inspection as required
                by the governing authorities and the NMSL.

            3.  All native grass and wild flower seed shall be certified
                by state of origin. The certification authority for the
                state of New Mexico is the New Mexico Crop Improvement
                Association \[505.646.4125\].

            4.  Seed Labeling: Furnish seed label in accordance with the
                requirements of the Federal and New Mexico statutes and
                regulations governing seed labeling. Such requirements
                include the Federal Seed Act and Amendments, rules and
                regulations established by the US Department of
                Agriculture, the New Mexico Seed Law, and all resulting
                regulations or restrictions established by the New
                Mexico State University -- College of Agriculture and
                Home Economics.

            5.  Ensure the seed mix and its application complies with
                the requirements of all other Federal and New Mexico
                statutes and regulations governing seeds, plants, and
                weeds: these requirements include but are not limited
                to: the Noxious Weed Control Act and all rules,
                regulations, and weed control measures. Refer to the
                USDA.

            6.  Do not make substitutions for specified materials.

            7.  Pesticide Applicator: State licensed, commercial.

        B.  Analysis and Standards

            1.  Standard products shall be packed with manufacturer\'s
                certified analysis.

            2.  For other materials, an analysis shall be performed by a
                recognized laboratory in accordance with methods
                established, wherever applicable.

    6.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054006 .anchor}DELIVERY, STORAGE AND
        HANDLING

        A.  Packaged Materials: Packaged materials shall be delivered in
            sealed containers showing the weight, analysis and name of
            manufacturer. Materials shall be protected from
            deterioration during delivery and while stored at
            Contractor's yard or job site.

    7.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054007 .anchor}JOB CONDITIONS

        A.  Seeding shall not be performed until finish grading and
            structures in or adjacent to areas to be planted have been
            installed and approved.

        B.  Work within seasonal limitations for various seed species.
            Refer to Section 3.04A.

        C.  When detrimental conditions are encountered, notify the SCO
            before proceeding.

    8.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054008 .anchor}PROTECTION OF SEEDED AND
        SODDED AREAS

        A.  Seeded and sodded areas shall be protected from damage,
            disturbance, or construction activity after planting
            operations are complete.

        B.  Damage resulting from construction activities, erosion,
            gulleys, washouts, pedestrian or vehicular traffic, or other
            causes shall be repaired by filling with topsoil, tamping,
            re-fertilizing, and reseeding or resodding by the Contractor
            at his expense, if such damage occurs prior to final
            acceptance of the project.

        C.  Protection and Maintenance of Native Grass Seed in Irrigated
            Areas:

            1.  For areas where temporary irrigation is provided,
                protect and maintain native grass seeded areas until
                uniform germination and growth is established. At that
                time, the area will be inspected and approved by the SCO
                if no void or bare areas greater than 25 square inches
                occur within the seeded area. If these standards are not
                met the area shall be reseeded and maintained until
                final acceptance. Remove tumbleweed, Russian Thistle and
                other nuisance, non-grassy weeds during the maintenance
                period.

    9.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054009 .anchor}DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND
        HANDLING

        A.  Seed and Other Packaged Materials: Deliver packaged
            materials in original, unopened containers showing weight,
            certified analysis, name and address of manufacturer, and
            indication of conformance with state and federal laws, as
            applicable.

        B.  Sod: Harvest, deliver, store, and handle sod according to
            requirements in \"Specifications for Turfgrass Sod
            Materials\" and \"Specifications for Turfgrass Sod
            Transplanting and Installation\" in TPI\'s \"Guideline
            Specifications to Turfgrass Sodding.\" Deliver sod in time
            for planting within 24 hours of harvesting. Protect sod from
            breakage and drying.

2.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054010 .anchor}PRODUCTS

    1.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054011 .anchor}SEED

        A.  Grass Seed: Fresh, clean, dry, new-crop seed complying with
            AOSA\'s \"Journal of Seed Technology; Rules for Testing
            Seeds\" for purity and germination tolerances.

        B.  Contractor shall furnish certification showing origin of all
            seed and pure live seed (PLS) purity times percent
            germination. Each bag of seed shall be tagged and sealed by
            the producer in accordance with the U.S. Department of
            Agriculture rules and regulation under the Federal Seed Act
            and applicable State seed laws or other local certification
            authority within the state of origin. The label shall
            indicate analysis of seed and date of analysis. Seed may be
            premixed by the seed dealer and appropriate data indicated
            on the bag label for each variety. Refer to 2.02.D for seed
            mixture and rate of application.

        C.  State-certified seed of grass species as specified.

        D.  Seed shall be domestic grown and shall be furnished in
            sealed standard containers, each of which carries the
            analysis label.

        E.  Seed which has become wet, moldy, musty or otherwise damaged
            will not be acceptable.

        F.  Seed rate is given in pounds of pure live see (PLS) per
            acre.

    2.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054012 .anchor}RESTORATION SEED MIX

        A.  The designer shall specify on the plans where to use and
            what type of mix to use. Seed Species as follows shall be
            identified as "restoration mix" and shall be used in more
            remote areas:

> Restoration Mix Seed Blend:

  -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------
  [Common Name]{.smallcaps}  [Genus &                   [PLS Per
                             Species]{.smallcaps}       Acre]{.smallcaps}

  Purple Three Awn           Aristida purpurea          0.9

  "Viva" Galleta Caryopsis   Hilaria jamesii            2

  Chamisa/RubberRabbitbush   Chrysothamnus nauseous     0.5

  Globemallow                Sphaeralcea ambigua        0.2

  Blue Grama"Hachita"        Boutelouta Gracilis        3

  Sideoats Grama             Boutelouta Curtipendula    6

  Mesa dropseed              Sporobolus flexuous        0.2

  Alkali Sacaton (Salado)    Sporobolus Airoides        0.5

  Saltbrush Four-wing        Atriplex canescens         3.0

  Apache Plume               Fallugia paradoxa          1

  Indian Ricegrass           Achnatherum or             2.5
                             Oryzopsis.hym              

  Galleta Caryopsis (viva)   Hilaria jamesli            1

  **[Total                   **\~**                     **19.5 lbs
  Rate]{.smallcaps}**                                   PLS/Acre**
  -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------

3.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054013 .anchor}INTERMEDIATE AREAS

    A.  The designer shall specify on the plans where to use and what
        type of mix to use. Seed Species as follows shall be identified
        as "intermediate mix" and shall be used where an umowed look of
        grasses only can be accepted:

> Intermediate Mix Seed Blend:

  ------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------
  [Common Name]{.smallcaps} [Genus &                   [PLS Per
                            Species]{.smallcaps}       Acre]{.smallcaps}

  Indian Rice grass         Oryzopsis hymenoides       1.8

  Blue Grama "Hachita"      Boutelouta Gracilis        6.8

  Galleta Carayopsis (viva) Hilaria jamesii            1.5

  Sideoats Grama            Boutelouta Curtipendula    2

  Sand dropseed             Sporobolus cryptandrus     0.5

  Alkali Sacaton (Salado)   Sporobolus Airodies        0.9

  Grama, Black              Bouteloua eriopodia        0.6

  Mesa dropseed             Sporobolus flexuosus       0.6

  Spike Muhly               Muhlenbergia wrightii      0.8

  **[Total                  **\~**                     **15.5 lbs
  Rate]{.smallcaps}**                                  PLS/Acre**
  ------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------

4.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054014 .anchor}TURFGRASS MIX

    A.  The designer shall specify on the plans where to use and what
        type of mix to use. Seed Species as follows shall be identified
        as "Warm season turfgrass mix" and shall be used at high
        visibility areas where a "turf-like" solution is required:

> Warm Season Turfgrass Mix Seed Blend:

  ------------------------- -------------------------- ----------------------
  [Common Name]{.smallcaps} [Genus &                   [PLS Per
                            Species]{.smallcaps}       1000-SF]{.smallcaps}

  Buffalo grass             Buchloe dadctyloides       3

                                                       

  **[Total                  **\~**                     **3 lbs PLS/1000 sf**
  Rate]{.smallcaps}**                                  
  ------------------------- -------------------------- ----------------------

5.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054015 .anchor}TURFGRASS SOD

    A.  Turfgrass Sod: Certified, including limitations on thatch,
        weeds, diseases, nematodes, and insects\], complying with
        \"Specifications for Turfgrass Sod Materials\" in TPI\'s
        \"Guideline Specifications to Turfgrass Sodding.\" Furnish
        viable sod of uniform density, color, and texture, strongly
        rooted, and capable of vigorous growth and development when
        planted.

    B.  Warmseason Turfgrass species: Buffalo Grass, Buchoe dactyloides

6.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054016 .anchor}MEADOW GRASSES AND
    WILDFLOWERS

    A.  The designer shall specify on the plans where to use and what
        type of mix to use. Seed Species as follows shall be identified
        as "Wildflower Addition mix" and shall be used as an option to
        any of the other mixes:

> Wildflower Addition Mix Seed Blend:

  ------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------
  [Common Name]{.smallcaps} [Genus &                   [PLS Per
                            Species]{.smallcaps}       Acre]{.smallcaps}

  Purple Aster              Aster bigelovii            0.8

  Blue Flax                 Linum perenne lewisii      0.1

  Desert Marigold           Baileya multiradiata       0.2

  Plains Coreopsis          Coreopsis tinctoria        2.2

  Firewheel                 Gaillardia aristata        0.8

  Pink Wild Snapdragon      Penstemon ambiguus         1.3

  Mexican Hat               Ratibida columnifera       0.2

  Yellow Prairie Coneflower Ratibida                   3

  **[Total                  **\~**                     **6 lbs PLS/Acre**
  Rate]{.smallcaps}**                                  
  ------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------

B.  Seed Carrier: Inert material, sharp clean sand or Perlite, mixed
    with seed at a ratio of not less than two parts seed carrier to one
    part seed.

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7.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054017 .anchor}INORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENTS

    A.  Sulfur: Granular, biodegradable, containing a minimum of 90%
        percent sulfur, and with a minimum of 99% percent passing
        through No. 6 (3.35-mm) sieve and a maximum of 10% percent
        passing through No. 40 (0.425-mm) sieve.

    B.  Iron Sulfate: Granulated ferrous sulfate containing a minimum of
        20% percent iron and 10% percent sulfur.

    C.  Perlite: Horticultural Perlite, soil amendment grade.

    D.  Agricultural Gypsum: Minimum 90% percent calcium sulfate, finely
        ground with 90% percent passing through No. 50 (0.30-mm) sieve.

    E.  Sand: Clean, washed, natural or manufactured, and free of toxic
        materials.

    F.  Diatomaceous Earth: Calcined, 90% percent silica, with
        approximately 140% percent water absorption capacity by weight.

    G.  Zeolites: Mineral clinoptilolite with at least 60% percent water
        absorption by weight.

8.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054018 .anchor}ORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENTS

    A.  OMNI as available from:

        1.  Western Organic Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico 87125, (505)
            877-8670

        2.  Apply at a rate of 2" -- 3" inches loose depth to achieve a
            50/50 mix.

    B.  Premium Compost available from:

        1.  Soilutions, New Mexico Compost Products, Compost Site: 9008
            Bates Road, SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87105, (505)
            877-0220

        2.  Apply \[till\] at a rate of 2" -- 3"inches loose depth to
            achieve a 50/50 mix.

    C.  Compost: Well-composted, stable, and weed-free organic matter,
        pH range of 5.5 to 8; moisture content 35% to 55% percent by
        weight; 100% percent passing through **½**" inch (12.5-mm)
        sieve; soluble salt content of 5 to 10 decisiemens/m; not
        exceeding 0.5% percent inert contaminants and free of substances
        toxic to plantings; and as follows:

        1.  70% percent by volume, organic compost. Compost to be
            screened to ½" inch minus. pH not to exceed 7.5. Electrical
            conductivity (EC) of compost not to exceed 3.5 mmhos/cm.
            Percentage of organic matter shall not be less than
            80%,percent tested by simple combustion. Total nitrogen
            (TKN+N03-N) shall not exceed 50:1. product to be City of
            Albuquerque Compost or equal.

        2.  Organic Matter Content: 50 to 60 percent of dry weight.

        3.  Feedstock: Agricultural, food, or industrial residuals;
            biosolids; yard trimmings; or source-separated or
            compostable mixed solid waste.

    D.  Sphagnum Peat: Partially decomposed sphagnum peat moss, finely
        divided or of granular texture, with a pH range of 3.4 to 4.8.

    E.  Muck Peat: Partially decomposed moss peat, native peat, or
        reed-sedge peat, finely divided or of granular texture, with a
        pH range of 6 to 7.5, and having a water-absorbing capacity of
        1100% to 2000% percent.

    F.  Wood Derivatives: Decomposed, nitrogen-treated sawdust, ground
        bark, or wood waste; of uniform texture and free of chips,
        stones, sticks, soil, or toxic materials.

        1.  In lieu of decomposed wood derivatives, mix partially
            decomposed wood derivatives with ammonium nitrate at a
            minimum rate of 0.15 lb/cu. ft. (2.4 kg/cu. m) of loose
            sawdust or ground bark, or with ammonium sulfate at a
            minimum rate of 0.25 lb/cu. ft. (4 kg/cu. m) of loose
            sawdust or ground bark.

    G.  Manure: Well-rotted, unleached, stable or cattle manure
        containing not more than 25% percent by volume of straw,
        sawdust, or other bedding materials; free of toxic substances,
        stones, sticks, soil, weed seed, and material harmful to plant
        growth.

9.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054019 .anchor}FERTILIZERS

    A.  Fertilizer: Comply with FS-O-F-241, Type \[I\] \[II\], Grade
        \[A\] \[B\]; recommended for grass with 50% percent of the
        elements derived from organic sources, of proportion necessary
        to eliminate any deficiencies of topsoil. Provide nutrients
        required by soil analysis. Fertilizers shall be granular form
        starter fertilizer with a guaranteed analysis of nitrogen 18% -
        phosphoric acid 25% - soluble potash 10%

    B.  Superphosphate: Commercial, phosphate mixture, soluble; a
        minimum of 20% available phosphoric acid.

10. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054020 .anchor}PLANTING SOILS

    A.  Planting Soil: Existing, in-place surface soil. Verify
        suitability of existing surface soil to produce viable planting
        soil. Remove stones, roots, plants, sod, clods, clay lumps,
        pockets of coarse sand, concrete slurry, concrete layers or
        chunks, cement, plaster, building debris, and other extraneous
        materials harmful to plant growth. Mix surface soil with the
        following soil amendments and fertilizers in the following
        quantities to produce planting soil:

        1.  Apply 2" inch layer of compost or Omni Organic Amendment.

        2.  Weight of Iron Sulfate per 1000 Sq. Ft. (92.9 Sq. m):.

        3.  Weight of Agricultural Gypsum per 1000 Sq. Ft. (92.9 Sq. m):
            5 lbs.

        4.  Weight of Superphosphate per 1000 Sq. Ft. (92.9 Sq. m): 1
            lbs.

        5.  Weight of Commercial Fertilizer per 1000 Sq. Ft. (92.9
            Sq. m): Enough to provide 1 lb of P/1000sf.

11. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054021 .anchor}HAY MULCHES

    A.  Provide hay mulch that is perennial native or introduced grasses
        of fine-stemmed varieties. At least 65% percent of the herbage
        by weight of each bale of straw must be 10" inches in length or
        longer.

        1.  Hay with noxious seeds or plants will not be accepted.
            Rotted, brittle or molded hay will not be accepted.

        2.  Marsh grass or prairie hay composed of native grass species
            to be seeded is acceptable. Provide marsh grass composed of
            mid to tall native grasses (usually tough and wiry grass and
            grass-like plants found in the lowland areas within the
            Rocky Mountain Region).

        3.  Tall wheat grass, intermediate wheat grass, switch grass or
            orchard hay are acceptable if cut prior to seed formation.

        4.  Hay Mulch for vegetative mulch shall be harvested stalks of
            oats, wheat, barley or rye. Rotted, brittle, or moldy hay is
            not acceptable.

    B.  Fiber Mulch: Provide mulch material consisting of virgin wood
        fibers manufactured expressly from whole wood chips. Process the
        chips in such a manner as to contain no growth or germination
        inhibiting factors. Do not produce fiber from recycled material
        such as sawdust, paper, cardboard, or residue from pulp and
        paper plants. Mulch shall be free of noxious weed seed.

    C.  Hydromulch: Excel Fibermulch with binder as manufactured by
        American Excelsior Co.; 850 Avenue H East, P.O. Box 5067,
        Arlington, Texas, 76001, (817) 640-1555, local phone (505)
        345-7806.

    D.  Tackifier: Exact-Tak tackifier as manufactured by American
        Excelsior Co.; 850 Avenue H East, P.O. Box 5067, Arlington,
        Texas, 76001, (817) 640-1555, local phone (505) 345-7806.

        1.  Bagged mulch/tackifier mix that is homogenous within the
            unit package may also be used. Tackifier shall adhere to the
            fibers during manufacturing to prevent separation during
            shipment and to avoid chemical agglomeration during mixing
            in the hydraulic mulching equipment.

        2.  Tackifier: A natural glue made form plant material that
            holds seed and mulch in place. Rate: 2 lbs. per 1,000 sf.
            The product shall be composed of 90% percent wood fiber, 9%
            percent blended hydrocolloid-based binder, and 1% percent
            mineral activators -- all by total weight and shall be 100%
            percent biodegradable and non-toxic to wildlife. The BFM
            shall not contain any synthetic fibers.

        3.  Asphalt Emulsion: ASTM D977, Grade SS-1; nontoxic and free
            of plant-growth or germination inhibitors.

12. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054022 .anchor}PESTICIDES

    A.  General: Pesticide, registered and approved by EPA, acceptable
        to authorities having jurisdiction, and of type recommended by
        manufacturer for each specific problem and as required for
        Project conditions and application. Do not use restricted
        pesticides unless authorized in writing by authorities having
        jurisdiction.

    B.  Pre-Emergent Herbicide (Selective and Non-Selective): Effective
        for controlling the germination or growth of weeds within
        planted areas at the soil level directly below the mulch layer.

    C.  Post-Emergent Herbicide (Selective and Non-Selective): Effective
        for controlling weed growth that has already germinated.

13. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054023 .anchor}EROSION-CONTROL MATERIALS

    A.  Erosion-Control Blankets: Biodegradable wood excelsior, straw,
        or coconut-fiber mat enclosed in a photodegradable plastic mesh.
        Include manufacturer\'s recommended steel wire staples, 6"
        inches (150 mm) long.

    B.  Erosion-Control Fiber Mesh: Biodegradable burlap or spun-coir
        mesh, a minimum of 0.92 lb/sq. yd. (0.5 kg/sq. m), with 50% to
        65% percent open area. Include manufacturer\'s recommended steel
        wire staples, 6" inches (150 mm) long.

    C.  Where indicated on Contract Drawings, provide soil retention
        blanket of a uniform web of interlocking wood fibers and
        weed-free, with a backing of mulch net fabric on one side only.
        Produce the wood fibers from aspen wood 0.021 inch by 0.042
        inches, plus or minus 25% percent with the length 6" inches or
        longer. Minimum blanket size is 36" inches by ¼" inch thickness
        before placing. Provide blanket net fabric with a mesh size 5/8"
        inches by ¾" inches maximum, of extruded polypropylene with 1%
        to 2% percent carbon black additive. Roll weight shall average
        0.8 pound per s.y., plus or minus 10% percent, and noted on the
        roll wrapper or attached tag.

    D.  Staples: U-shaped, 11 gauge or heavier steel wire, minimum leg
        length of 8" inches after bending with a throat approximately 2"
        inches wide.

    E.  Wood Stakes: Use 2" x 2" x 12" inch pine or fir stakes, beveled
        at one end in under-laying soil conditions.

14. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054024 .anchor}ENYMATIC AGENT

    A.  BioMax or Super Bio is available from

        1.  Organic Technology Inc.

            14013 Encantando Rd. NE

            Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123 (505) 291-1100

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3.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054025 .anchor}EXECUTION

    1.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054026 .anchor}EXAMINATION

        A.  Examine areas to be planted for compliance with requirements
            and other conditions affecting performance.

            1.  Verify that no foreign or deleterious material or liquid
                such as sheetrock, construction debris, paint, paint
                washout, concrete slurry, concrete layers or chunks,
                cement, plaster, oils, gasoline, diesel fuel, paint
                thinner, turpentine, tar, roofing compound, or acid has
                been deposited in soil within a planting area.

            2.  Do not mix or place soils and soil amendments in frozen,
                wet, or muddy conditions.

            3.  Suspend soil spreading, grading, and tilling operations
                during periods of excessive soil moisture until the
                moisture content reaches acceptable levels to attain the
                required results.

            4.  Uniformly moisten excessively dry soil that is not
                workable and which is too dusty.

        B.  Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory
            conditions have been corrected.

        C.  If contamination by foreign or deleterious material or
            liquid is present in soil within a planting area, remove the
            soil and contamination as directed by Architect and replace
            with new planting soil.

    2.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054027 .anchor}PREPARATION

        A.  Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and
            other facilities, trees, shrubs, and plantings from damage
            caused by planting operations.

            1.  Protect adjacent and adjoining areas from hydroseeding
                and hydromulching overspray.

            2.  Protect grade stakes set by others until directed to
                remove them.

        B.  Install erosion-control measures to prevent erosion or
            displacement of soils and discharge of soil-bearing water
            runoff or airborne dust to adjacent properties and walkways.
            Meet requirements of dust control permits.

    3.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054028 .anchor}AREA PREPARATION

        A.  Limit turf subgrade preparation to areas to be planted.

        B.  Newly Graded Subgrades: Rip subgrade to a minimum depth of
            **6" inches (150 mm)**. Loosen soil and remove clods and
            stones larger than **2" inches (50 mm)** in any dimension
            and sticks, roots, rubbish, and other extraneous matter and
            legally dispose of them off Owner\'s property in the top 4"
            inches of soil.

            1.  Apply commercial fertilizer sulfur directly to subgrade
                before loosening.

            2.  Spread topsoil, apply soil amendments and fertilizer on
                surface, and thoroughly blend planting soil.

                a.  Delay mixing fertilizer with planting soil if
                    planting will not proceed within a few days.

                b.  Mix sulfur with dry soil before mixing fertilizer.

            3.  For sodded areas and when noted on the plans spread
                organic material to a depth of 2 **" inches** but not
                less than required to meet finish grades after light
                rolling and natural settlement. Do not spread if
                planting soil or subgrade is frozen, muddy, or
                excessively wet.

        C.  Unchanged Subgrades: If turf is to be planted in areas
            unaltered or undisturbed by excavating, grading, or
            surface-soil stripping operations, prepare surface soil as
            follows:

            1.  Remove existing grass, vegetation, and turf. Do not mix
                into surface soil.

            2.  Loosen surface soil to a depth of at least 6" inches
                (150 mm). If necessary apply contact herbicide and allow
                3 days to work on plant materials before removal. Apply
                soil amendments and fertilizers according to planting
                soil mix proportions and mix thoroughly into top 6"
                inches (150 mm) of soil. Till soil to a homogeneous
                mixture of fine texture.

                a.  Apply superphosphate fertilizer directly to surface
                    soil before loosening.

            3.  Remove stones larger than 2" inches (50 mm) in any
                dimension and sticks, roots, trash, and other extraneous
                matter in the top 4" inches of soil.

            4.  Legally dispose of waste material, including grass,
                vegetation, and turf, off Owner\'s property.

        D.  Finish Grading: Grade planting areas to a smooth, uniform
            surface plane with loose, uniformly fine texture. Grade to
            within plus or minus ½" inch (13 mm) of finish elevation.
            Roll and rake, remove ridges, and fill depressions to meet
            finish grades. Limit finish grading to areas that can be
            planted in the immediate future.

        E.  Prior to seeding, water all areas thoroughly for 2 weeks to
            the point of saturation to produce weed growth. Water at the
            rate of 2 cycles/day, at a rate determined on the Contract
            Drawings. Apply \"Roundup\" herbicide to kill all growth,
            and proceed with seed installation after period recommended
            by herbicide manufacturer.

        F.  Moisten prepared area before planting if soil is dry. Water
            thoroughly and allow surface to dry before planting. Do not
            create muddy soil.

        G.  Before planting, obtain Architect\'s acceptance of finish
            grading; restore planting areas if eroded or otherwise
            disturbed after finish grading.

    4.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054029 .anchor}PREPARATION FOR
        EROSION-CONTROL MATERIALS

        A.  Prepare area as specified in \"Area Preparation\" Article.

        B.  For erosion-control blanket or mesh, install from top of
            slope, working downward, and as recommended by material
            manufacturer for site conditions. Fasten as recommended by
            material manufacturer.

        C.  Moisten prepared area before planting if surface is dry.
            Water thoroughly and allow surface to dry before planting.
            Do not create muddy soil.

    5.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054030 .anchor}SEEDING

        A.  Sow seed with spreader or seeding machine. Do not broadcast
            or drop seed when wind velocity exceeds 5 mph (8 km/h).
            Evenly distribute seed by sowing equal quantities in two
            directions at right angles to each other.

            1.  Do not use wet seed or seed that is moldy or otherwise
                damaged.

            2.  Do not seed against existing trees. Limit extent of seed
                to outside edge of planting saucer.

        B.  Sow seed at a total rate as designated in the materials PART
            2.

        C.  Rake seed lightly into top 1/8" inch (3 mm) of soil, roll
            lightly, and water with fine spray or drill seed with a
            roller attachment..

        D.  Protect seeded areas with slopes exceeding 1:4 with
            erosion-control blankets and 1:6 with erosion-control fiber
            mesh installed and stapled according to manufacturer\'s
            written instructions.

    6.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054031 .anchor}HYDROMULCHING/TACKIFIER
        ; Slopes flatter than 3:1, Irrigated sites

        A.  Immediately following the raking/chaining operation, apply
            hydro-mulch fibers with tackifier to seeded areas at the
            rate specified by the manufacturer. Mix slurry in a tank
            with an agitator system and spray, under pressure, uniformly
            over seeded areas.

        B.  Use both vertical and horizontal movements in the applicator
            to achieve an even application of the slurry material. Keep
            all materials in uniform suspension throughout the mixing
            and suspension cycle when using hydraulic mulching
            equipment.

        C.  Combine mulch with a colloidal polysaccharide tackifier that
            has no growth or germination inhibiting factors and is
            nontoxic. Apply the uniform mixture to the seeded area.

    7.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054032 .anchor}HAY MULCH: Remote
        Areas-Slopes flatter than 3:1, Non-Irrigated Sites

        A.  Immediately following the raking/chaining operation, add
            straw mulch to the seeded areas.

        B.  Apply straw mulch at a minimum of 1.5 tons per acre of air
            dry material. Spread the straw mulch uniformly over the area
            either by hand or with a mechanical mulch spreader. When
            spread by hand, tear the bales of straw apart and fluff
            before spreading. Do not mulch when wind velocity exceeds 10
            mph.

        C.  Wherever the use of crimping equipment is practical, place
            mulch in the manner noted above by anchoring it into the
            soil. The mulch shall be wetted and allowed to soften for 15
            to 20 minutes prior to crimping. Use a heavy disc such as a
            mulch tiller, with flat serrated disc at least ¼" inch in
            thickness, having dull edges, and space no more than 9"
            inches apart to anchor the mulch into the soil, with discs
            of sufficient diameter to prevent the frame of the equipment
            form dragging the mulch. Anchor mulch a minimum depth of 2"
            inches and across the slope where practical with no more
            than two passes of the anchoring equipment.

        D.  Where small grain mulch is used as indicated on Contract
            Drawings, it shall be crimped in two directions in a
            cross-hatched pattern.

        E.  Where mulch areas cannot be anchored by crimping, provide
            hydro-mulch wood fibers with tackifier at the rate of 500
            lbs. per acre. Mix slurry in a tank with an agitator system
            and spray, under pressure, uniformly over seeded areas. Keep
            all materials in uniform suspension throughout the mixing
            and suspension cycle when using hydraulic mulching
            equipment. Mix 400 lbs. Of wood fiber with 100 lbs. of
            tackifier.

        F.  Keep all materials in uniform suspension throughout the
            mixing and suspension cycle when using hydraulic mulching
            equipment.

    8.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054033 .anchor}HYDRO

        A.  Hydroseeding: Mix specified fertilizer, and fiber mulch in
            water, using equipment specifically designed for hydroseed
            application. Continue mixing until uniformly blended into
            homogeneous slurry suitable for hydraulic application.

            1.  Mix slurry with manufacturer\'s recommended tackifier.

            2.  Apply slurry uniformly to all areas to be seeded in a
                one-step process. Apply slurry at a rate so that mulch
                component is deposited at not less than 1500-lb/acre
                (15.6-kg/92.9 sq. m) dry weight, and seed component is
                deposited at not less than the specified seed-sowing
                rate.

            3.  Apply slurry uniformly to all areas to be seeded in a
                two-step process. Apply first slurry coat at a rate so
                that mulch component is deposited at not less than
                500-lb/acre (5.2-kg/92.9 sq. m) dry weight, and seed
                component is deposited at not less than the specified
                seed-sowing rate. Apply slurry cover coat of fiber mulch
                (hydromulching) at a rate of 1000 lb/acre (10.4 kg/92.9
                sq. m).

    9.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054034 .anchor}SODDING

        A.  Lay sod within 24 hours of harvesting. Do not lay sod if
            dormant or if ground is frozen or muddy.

        B.  Lay sod to form a solid mass with tightly fitted joints.
            Butt ends and sides of sod; do not stretch or overlap.
            Stagger sod strips or pads to offset joints in adjacent
            courses. Avoid damage to subgrade or sod during
            installation. Tamp and roll lightly to ensure contact with
            subgrade, eliminate air pockets, and form a smooth surface.
            Work sifted soil or fine sand into minor cracks between
            pieces of sod; remove excess to avoid smothering sod and
            adjacent grass.

            1.  Lay sod across angle of slopes exceeding 1:3.

            2.  Anchor sod on slopes exceeding 1:6 with wood pegs or
                steel staples spaced as recommended by sod manufacturer
                but not less than 2 anchors per sod strip to prevent
                slippage.

        C.  Saturate sod with fine water spray within two hours of
            planting. During first week after planting, water daily or
            more frequently as necessary to maintain moist soil to a
            minimum depth of 1-1/2" inches (38 mm) below sod.

    10. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054035 .anchor}TURF RENOVATION

        A.  Renovate existing turf.

        B.  Renovate existing turf damaged by Contractor\'s operations,
            such as storage of materials or equipment and movement of
            vehicles.

            1.  Reestablish turf where settlement or washouts occur or
                where minor regrading is required.

            2.  Install new planting soil as required.

        C.  Remove sod and vegetation from diseased or unsatisfactory
            turf areas; do not bury in soil.

        D.  Remove topsoil containing foreign materials such as oil
            drippings, fuel spills, stones, gravel, and other
            construction materials resulting from Contractor\'s
            operations, and replace with new planting soil.

        E.  Mow, de-thatch, core aerate, and rake existing turf.

        F.  Remove weeds before seeding. Where weeds are extensive,
            apply selective herbicides as required. Do not use
            pre-emergence herbicides.

        G.  Remove waste and foreign materials, including weeds, soil
            cores, grass, vegetation, and turf, and legally dispose of
            them off Owner\'s property.

        H.  Till stripped, bare, and compacted areas thoroughly to a
            soil depth of 6" inches (150 mm).

        I.  Apply soil amendments and initial fertilizers required for
            establishing new turf and mix thoroughly into top 4" inches
            (100 mm) of existing soil. Install new planting soil to fill
            low spots and meet finish grades.

        J.  Apply sod as required for new turf.

        K.  Water newly planted areas and keep moist until new turf is
            established.

    11. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054036 .anchor}MAINTENANCE

        A.  Maintain and establish by watering, fertilizing, weeding,
            mowing, trimming, replanting, and performing other
            operations as required to establish healthy, viable turf.
            Roll, regrade, and replant bare or eroded areas and remulch
            to produce a uniformly smooth turf. Provide materials and
            installation the same as those used in the original
            installation.

            1.  Fill in as necessary soil subsidence that may occur
                because of settling or other processes. Replace
                materials and turf damaged or lost in areas of
                subsidence.

            2.  In areas where mulch has been disturbed by wind or
                maintenance operations, add new mulch and anchor as
                required to prevent displacement.

            3.  Apply treatments as required to keep plants and soil
                free of pests and pathogens or disease. Use integrated
                pest management practices whenever possible to minimize
                the use of pesticides and reduce hazards.

        B.  Watering: Where shown, install and maintain temporary
            piping, hoses, and turf-watering equipment to convey water
            from sources and to keep turf uniformly moist to a depth of
            4" inches (100 mm).

            1.  Schedule watering to prevent wilting, puddling, erosion,
                and displacement of seed or mulch. Lay out temporary
                watering system to avoid walking over muddy or newly
                planted areas.

            2.  Water turf with fine spray at a minimum rate of 1" inch
                (25 mm) per week unless rainfall precipitation is
                adequate.

        C.  Mow buffalo grass or sod as soon as top growth is tall
            enough to cut. Repeat mowing to maintain specified height
            (2" inches) without cutting more than 1/3 of grass height.
            Remove no more than 1/3 of grass-leaf growth in initial or
            subsequent mowings. Do not delay mowing until grass blades
            bend over and become matted. Do not mow when grass is wet.
            Schedule initial and subsequent mowings to maintain the
            following grass height:

            1.  Mow annual weeds to a height of 6" inches until project
                acceptance.

        D.  Buffalo Grass post fertilization: Apply fertilizer after
            initial mowing and when grass is dry

            1.  Use fertilizer that will provide actual nitrogen of at
                least 1 lb/1000 sq. ft. (0.45 kg/92.9 sq. m) to turf
                area.

    12. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054037 .anchor}SATISFACTORY TURF

        A.  Turf installations shall meet the following criteria as
            determined by Architect:

            1.  Satisfactory Seeded Turf: At end of maintenance period,
                a healthy, uniform, close stand of grass has been
                established, free of weeds and surface irregularities,
                with coverage exceeding 75% percent coverage with no
                bare spots exceeding 8" inches.

            2.  Satisfactory Sodded Turf: At end of maintenance period,
                a healthy, well-rooted, even-colored, viable turf has
                been established, free of weeds, open joints, bare
                areas, and surface irregularities.

        B.  Use specified materials to reestablish turf that does not
            comply with requirements and continue maintenance until turf
            is satisfactory.

    13. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054038 .anchor}MEADOW

        A.  Sow seed with spreader or seeding machine. Do not broadcast
            or drop seed when wind velocity exceeds 5 mph (8 km/h).
            Evenly distribute seed by sowing equal quantities in two
            directions at right angles to each other.

            1.  Do not use wet seed or seed that is moldy or otherwise
                damaged.

        B.  Sow seed at a total rate of 4 oz./1000 sq. ft. (113 g/92.9
            sq. m) .

        C.  Brush seed into top 1/16" inch (1.6 mm) of soil, roll
            lightly, and water with fine spray.

        D.  Protect seeded areas from hot, dry weather or drying winds
            by applying peat or compost mulch within 24 hours after
            completing seeding operations. Soak areas, scatter mulch
            uniformly to a thickness of 3/16"inch (4.8 mm), and roll
            surface smooth.

        E.  Water newly planted areas and keep moist until meadow is
            established.

    14. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054039 .anchor}MEADOW MAINTENANCE

        A.  Maintain and establish meadow by watering, weeding, mowing,
            trimming, replanting, and performing other operations as
            required to establish a healthy, viable meadow. Roll,
            regrade, and replant bare or eroded areas and remulch.
            Provide materials and installation the same as those used in
            the original installation.

            1.  Fill in as necessary soil subsidence that may occur
                because of settling or other processes. Replace
                materials and meadow damaged or lost in areas of
                subsidence.

            2.  In areas where mulch has been disturbed by wind or
                maintenance operations, add new mulch and anchor as
                required to prevent displacement.

            3.  Apply treatments as required to keep meadow and soil
                free of pests and pathogens or disease. Use integrated
                pest management practices whenever possible to minimize
                the use of pesticides and reduce hazards.

        B.  Watering: Install and maintain temporary piping, hoses, and
            meadow-watering equipment to convey water from sources and
            to keep meadow uniformly moist.

            1.  Schedule watering to prevent wilting, puddling, erosion,
                and displacement of seed or mulch. Lay out temporary
                watering system to avoid walking over muddy or newly
                planted areas.

            2.  Water meadow with fine spray at a minimum rate of ½"
                inch (13 mm) per week for six weeks after planting
                unless rainfall precipitation is adequate.

    15. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054040 .anchor}PESTICIDE APPLICATION

        A.  Apply pesticides and other chemical products and biological
            control agents in accordance with requirements of
            authorities having jurisdiction and manufacturer\'s written
            recommendations. Coordinate applications with Owner\'s
            operations and others in proximity to the Work. Notify Owner
            before each application is performed.

        B.  Post-Emergent Herbicides (Selective and Non-Selective):
            Apply only as necessary to treat already-germinated weeds
            and in accordance with manufacturer\'s written
            recommendations.

    16. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054041 .anchor}CLEANUP AND PROTECTION

        A.  Promptly remove soil and debris created by turf work from
            paved areas. Clean wheels of vehicles before leaving site to
            avoid tracking soil onto roads, walks, or other paved areas.

        B.  Erect temporary fencing or barricades and warning signs as
            required to protect newly planted areas from traffic.
            Maintain fencing and barricades throughout initial
            maintenance period and remove after plantings are
            established.

        C.  Remove nondegradable erosion-control measures after grass
            establishment period.

    17. []{#__RefHeading___Toc178054042 .anchor}FINAL INSPECTION AND
        ACCEPTANCE.

        A.  Upon written request by the Contractor, five days in advance
            of the end of the maintenance and guarantee period and after
            substantial completion, an inspection of the work will be
            made by the SCO. The Contractor will be notified in writing
            of the Final Acceptance, or of work required. The Contractor
            will be responsible for all maintenance until all punch list
            items are completed and Final Acceptance is granted at which
            time Sandia will assume responsibility

        B.  Where inspected work does not comply with the requirements
            of the Specification and Contract Drawings, replace rejected
            work and continue specified maintenance until re-inspected
            by the SDR and the SCO and the work is found to be
            acceptable. Promptly Remove rejected equipment

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