------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------
  **World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-07)\  ![](media/image1.png){width="1.9270833333333333in"
  Geneva, 22 October - 16 November 2007**          height="0.8125in"}

                                                   

                                                   

  **PLENARY MEETING**                              **Addendum 4 to Document 5-E**

                                                   **7 September 2007**

                                                   **Original: English**

  United States of America                         

  proposals for the work of the conference         

  Agenda item 1.20                                 
  ------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------

1.20 to consider the results of studies, and proposals for regulatory
measures if appropriate regarding the protection of the EESS (passive)
from unwanted emissions of active services in accordance with
Resolution **738** **(WRC‑03)**

Background information

The *resolves* in Resolution 738 (WRC-03) call for three actions: 1)
studying the compatibility between EESS (passive) and the corresponding
active services listed in the Table in Resolution 738 to update
Recommendation ITU-R SM.1633 or develop additional Recommendations; 2)
further studying the impact of implementing the values in *considering
f)* and *g)*[^1] in the bands 31-31.3 GHz and 51.4-52.6 GHz for unwanted
emissions of systems operating in Regions 2 and 3, taking into account
that the impact on fixed-service systems in Region 1 is documented in
Recommendation ITU-R SM.1633; and 3) reviewing the results of studies
in 1) and 2) in order to consider regulatory measures, if appropriate,
to ensure the protection of the EESS (passive) operating in the bands
listed in the table in Resolution 738 (WRC-03) from unwanted emissions
of active services operating in the corresponding bands, while taking
into account the impact on all concerned services of implementing or not
implementing such measures. The table below shows the frequency band and
radiocommunication service combinations within the scope of the agenda
item.

Studies now documented in Report ITU-R SM.2092 show that active services
in some of these bands do not produce significant unwanted emissions in
the adjacent passive band. However, active services in other bands may
produce unwanted emissions in excess of EESS (passive) protection
requirements. For some active service allocations, unwanted emission
limits may be practical, while for others, they are clearly not
practical. Because of the differences between the active services, and
the differences in the use of the active and passive services from band
to band, the solutions for this agenda item have been determined on a
band-by-band and service-by-service basis.

This proposal provides either new footnotes or "no change," as
appropriate, for active service allocations adjacent to or nearby the
EESS (passive) bands. A new Resolution, replacing Resolution 738
(WRC-03), addresses fixed and fixed-satellite service bands above
31 GHz, for which limited information was available for the studies
leading up to WRC-07. The new Resolution would encourage future
conferences to give adequate consideration to the impact on the EESS
(passive) and active services when allocating them to adjacent or nearby
frequency bands, recognize the results of studies on the protection of
the EESS (passive), call for further conference consideration of these
studies and encourage design of active service systems in accordance
with the results of studies until a conference can resolve the issue.
The proposal does not require, and no provision is made for,
Radiocommunication Bureau examination, or enforcement of any limits.

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ^1^ Resolution 738 (WRC 03) incorrectly refers to the space research  |
| service instead of the space operation service.                       |
|                                                                       |
| ^2^ Studies in this band must take into account No. 5.340.1.          |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+

ARTICLE 5

Frequency allocations

Section IV -- Table of Frequency Allocations\
(See No. 2.1)

**MOD** USA/5A4/1

1 300-1 525 MHz

**ADD** USA/5A4/2

**5.AAA** Administrations should take all practicable measures to
protect the EESS (passive) when designing and implementing systems and
networks in the bands 1 350-1 400 MHz and 1 427-1 452 MHz. The unwanted
emissions power in the band 1 400-1 427 MHz delivered to the antenna of
any station in the fixed service operating in the band 1 350-1 400 MHz
or in the band 1 427-1 452 MHz, should not exceed --45 dBW.

**Reasons:** To facilitate the protection of the EESS (passive).

**[NOC]{.underline}** USA/5A4/3

No change to the Radio Regulations regarding the radiolocation service
allocation in the band 1 350-1 400 MHz.

**Reasons:** Although studies documented in Report ITU-R SM.2092 show
that the radiolocation unwanted emissions in the EESS (passive) band at
1 400-1 427 MHz would exceed the permissible interference threshold in
Recommendation ITU-R SA.1029-2, any interference would occur for only
short time periods and would be readily discernible by users of the
remote sensing data, allowing corrupted data to be discarded. The
remaining uncorrupted data is expected to satisfy the scientific
objectives of the EESS missions. Studies also show that radars would
experience unacceptable degradation in operational coverage and range,
target resolution, and accuracy if required to meet unwanted emission
limits in the 1 400-1 427 MHz band. As with other pairs of active and
passive bands, use of portions of the allocated bands must not be
restricted. Radars would suffer an increased likelihood of interference
from other radars and a reduction in coverage range, while a reduced
bandwidth would be inadequate for remote sensing requirements.

**ADD** USA/5A4/4

**5.BBB** Administrations should take all practicable measures to
protect the EESS (passive) when designing and implementing systems and
networks in the band 1 427-1 429 MHz. The unwanted emissions power in
the band 1 400-1 427 MHz delivered to the antenna of any earth station
in the space operation service (Earth-to-space) operating in the band
1 427-1 429 MHz should not exceed --36 dBW.

**Reasons:** To facilitate the protection of the EESS (passive).

**[NOC]{.underline}** USA/5A4/5

22-24.75 GHz

+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| Allocation to         |                       |                       |
| services              |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| Region 1              | Region 2              | Region 3              |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **22.55-23.55** FIXED |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| INTER-SATELLITE       |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| MOBILE                |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| 5.149                 |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **23.55-23.6** FIXED  |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| MOBILE                |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **23.6-24** EARTH     |                       |                       |
| EXPLORATION-SATELLITE |                       |                       |
| (passive)             |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| RADIO ASTRONOMY       |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| SPACE RESEARCH        |                       |                       |
| (passive)             |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| 5.340                 |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

**[NOC]{.underline}** USA/5A4/6

No change to the Radio Regulations regarding the inter-satellite service
allocation in the band 22.55-23.55 GHz.

**Reasons:** Results of studies documented in Report ITU-R SM.2092 show
that unwanted emissions from the ISS in the 22.55-23.55 GHz band are
well below the recommended protection criteria for the EESS (passive) in
the 23.6-24.0 GHz band. Therefore, no changes are needed to the Radio
Regulations to protect the EESS (passive) in the 23.6-24.0 GHz band from
unwanted emissions from the ISS in the 22.55-23.55 GHz band.

**MOD** USA/5A4/7

29.9-34.2 GHz

+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| Allocation to         |                       |                       |
| services              |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| Region 1              | Region 2              | Region 3              |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **30-31**             |                       |                       |
| FIXED-SATELLITE       |                       |                       |
| (Earth-to-space)      |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| MOBILE-SATELLITE      |                       |                       |
| (Earth-to-space)      |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| Standard frequency    |                       |                       |
| and time              |                       |                       |
| signal-satellite      |                       |                       |
| (space-to-Earth)      |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| 5.542                 |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **31-31.3** FIXED     |                       |                       |
| 5.543A ADD 5.CCC      |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| MOBILE                |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| Standard frequency    |                       |                       |
| and time              |                       |                       |
| signal-satellite      |                       |                       |
| (space-to-Earth)      |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| Space research 5.544  |                       |                       |
| 5.545                 |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| 5.149                 |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **31.3-31.5** EARTH   |                       |                       |
| EXPLORATION-SATELLITE |                       |                       |
| (passive)             |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| RADIO ASTRONOMY       |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| SPACE RESEARCH        |                       |                       |
| (passive)             |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| 5.340                 |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

**[NOC]{.underline}** USA/5A4/8

No change to the Radio Regulations regarding the fixed-satellite service
(Earth-to-space) allocation in the band 30-31 GHz.

**Reasons:** Results of studies documented in Report ITU-R SM.2092 show
that unwanted emissions from the FSS in the 30-31 GHz band do not exceed
the recommended protection criteria for the EESS (passive) in the
31.3-31.5 GHz band. The FSS allocation is separated from the EESS
(passive) allocation by 300 MHz, which greatly reduces the possibility
of FSS unwanted emissions exceeding the protection criteria in the EESS
(passive) band. Unwanted emission limits in the EESS (passive) band are
unnecessary, and could constrain the future development of FSS uplink
transmitters in the 30-31 GHz band.

**ADD** USA/5A4/9

**5.CCC** In the bands:

31-31.3 GHz,\
47.2-50.2 GHz,\
50.4-51.4 GHz,\
51.4-52.6 GHz,

Resolution **\[AI 1.20\]** **(WRC-07)** applies.

**Reasons:** Studies documented in Report ITU-R SM.2092 indicate that
unwanted emissions from fixed service transmitters in the bands
31-31.3 GHz and 51.4-52.6 GHz, and from fixed-satellite service
(Earth-to-space) earth stations in the bands 47.2-50.2 GHz and
50.4-51.4 GHz, may cause unacceptable interference to the Earth
exploration-satellite (passive) service in the adjacent bands
31.3-31.5 GHz, 50.2-50.4 GHz and 52.6-54.25 GHz. The fixed service in
the bands 31-31.3 GHz and 51.4-52.6 GHz, and the fixed-satellite service
(Earth-to-space) in the bands 47.2-50.2 GHz and 50.4-51.4 GHz, are in
the early stages of development.

**MOD** USA/5A4/10

40-47.5 GHz

+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| Allocation to        |                      |                       |
| services             |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| Region 1             | Region 2             | Region 3              |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| **47.2-47.5** FIXED  |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| FIXED-SATELLITE      |                      |                       |
| (Earth-to-space)     |                      |                       |
| 5.552 ADD 5.CCC      |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| MOBILE               |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| 5.552A               |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+

**MOD** USA/5A4/11

47.5-51.4 GHz

+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| Allocation to        |                      |                       |
| services             |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| Region 1             | Region 2             | Region 3              |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| **47.5-47.9**        | **47.5-47.9**        |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| FIXED                | FIXED                |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| FIXED-SATELLITE\     | FIXED-SATELLITE      |                       |
| (Earth-to-space)     | (Earth-to-space)     |                       |
| 5.552 ADD 5.CCC      | 5.552 ADD 5.CCC      |                       |
| (space-to-Earth)     |                      |                       |
| 5.516B 5.554A        | MOBILE               |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| MOBILE               |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| **47.9-48.2** FIXED  |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| FIXED-SATELLITE      |                      |                       |
| (Earth-to-space)     |                      |                       |
| 5.552 ADD 5.CCC      |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| MOBILE               |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| 5.552A               |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| **48.2-48.54**       | **48.2-50.2**        |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| FIXED                | > FIXED              |                       |
|                      | >                    |                       |
| FIXED-SATELLITE\     | > FIXED-SATELLITE    |                       |
| (Earth-to-space)     | > (Earth-to-space)   |                       |
| 5.552 ADD 5.CCC      | > 5.516B 5.552\      |                       |
| (space-to-Earth)     | > ADD 5.CCC          |                       |
| 5.516B\              | >                    |                       |
| 5.554A 5.555B        | > MOBILE             |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| MOBILE               |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| **48.54-49.44**      |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| FIXED                |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| FIXED-SATELLITE\     |                      |                       |
| (Earth-to-space)     |                      |                       |
| 5.552 ADD 5.CCC      |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| MOBILE               |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| 5.149 5.340 5.555    |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| **49.44-50.2**       | **\                  |                       |
|                      | \                    |                       |
| FIXED                | \                    |                       |
|                      | \                    |                       |
| FIXED-SATELLITE\     | **5.149 5.340 5.555  |                       |
| (Earth-to-space)     |                      |                       |
| 5.552 ADD 5.CCC      |                      |                       |
| (space-to-Earth)     |                      |                       |
| 5.516B\              |                      |                       |
| 5.554A 5.555B        |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| MOBILE               |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| **50.2-50.4** EARTH  |                      |                       |
| E                    |                      |                       |
| XPLORATION-SATELLITE |                      |                       |
| (passive)            |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| SPACE RESEARCH       |                      |                       |
| (passive)            |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| 5.340                |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| **50.4-51.4** FIXED  |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| FIXED-SATELLITE      |                      |                       |
| (Earth-to-space) ADD |                      |                       |
| 5.CCC                |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| MOBILE               |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| Mobile-satellite     |                      |                       |
| (Earth-to-space)     |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+

**MOD** USA/5A4/12

51.4-55.78 GHz

+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| Allocation to         |                       |                       |
| services              |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| Region 1              | Region 2              | Region 3              |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **51.4-52.6** FIXED   |                       |                       |
| ADD 5.CCC             |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| MOBILE                |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| 5.547 5.556           |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **52.6-54.25** EARTH  |                       |                       |
| EXPLORATION-SATELLITE |                       |                       |
| (passive)             |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| SPACE RESEARCH        |                       |                       |
| (passive)             |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| 5.340 5.556           |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

**ADD** USA/5A4/13

RESOLUTION \[AI 1.20\] (WRC‑07)

Compatibility analyses between the Earth exploration-satellite\
(passive) service and active services above 31 GHz

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2007),

considering

*a)* that primary allocations have been made to various space services
in the Earth-to-space direction such as the fixed-satellite service,
mobile-satellite service and broadcasting-satellite service, and to
terrestrial services such as the fixed service, mobile service and
broadcasting service, hereafter "active services", in bands adjacent to
or nearby bands allocated to the Earth exploration-satellite (passive)
service;

*b)* that unwanted emissions from active services may cause unacceptable
interference to the Earth exploration-satellite (passive) service;

*c)* that an administration has adopted domestic regulations to control
unwanted emissions including in the bands allocated to the Earth
exploration-satellite (passive) service;

*d)* that for technical or operational reasons, the general limits in
Appendix **3** may be insufficient to protect the Earth
exploration-satellite (passive) service in specific bands;

*e)* that, in many cases, the frequencies used by the EESS (passive)
sensors are chosen to study natural phenomena producing radio emissions
at frequencies fixed by the laws of nature, and therefore shifting
frequency to avoid or mitigate interference problems may not be
possible;

*f)* that frequency bands specified in No. **5.340**, which prohibits
all emissions in those bands, need to be fully protected, as they are
unique natural resources;

*g)* that the band 31.3-31.5 GHz is used by spaceborne sensors operating
in the Earth exploration-satellite (passive) service to obtain
measurements of cloud water content and precipitation, and for
determining snow and sea ice morphology;

*h)* that the band 50.2-50.4 GHz is used by spaceborne sensors operating
in the Earth exploration-satellite (passive) service as the
indispensable calibration window channel for passive frequencies, which
are used to obtain atmospheric temperature profiles, a key component in
numerical weather prediction models;

*i)* that the band 52.6-54.25 GHz is used by spaceborne sensors
operating in the Earth exploration-satellite (passive) service to obtain
atmospheric temperature profiles at specific altitudes;

*j)* that Report ITU-R SM.2092 provides a methodology for conducting
studies, and documents the results of compatibility studies between
active and passive services operating in selected pairs of relevant
adjacent and nearby bands;

*k)* that it is necessary to ensure an equitable burden sharing for
achieving compatibility between active and passive services,

recognizing

that, under certain deployment scenarios, the results of simulation
studies documented in Report ITU-R SM.2092 have shown that the Earth
exploration-satellite service (passive) could be protected:

*a)* in the band 31.3-31.5 GHz if the unwanted emissions power in that
band delivered to the antenna of fixed service transmitters (except
high-altitude platform stations) operating in the band 31-31.3 GHz were
not to exceed --38 dBW in any 100 MHz bandwidth;

*b)* in the band 50.2-50.4 GHz if the unwanted emissions power in that
band delivered to the antenna of earth station transmitters operating in
the band 47.2-50.2 GHz or in the band 50.4-51.4 GHz were not to exceed a
value between --20 dBW and --10 dBW depending on earth station antenna
size;

*c)* in the band 52.6-54.25 GHz if the unwanted emissions power in that
band delivered to the antenna of fixed service transmitters operating in
the band 51.4-52.6 GHz were not to exceed --33 dBW in any 100 MHz
bandwidth,

further recognizing

*a)* that the fixed service in the bands 31-31.3 GHz and 51.4-52.6 GHz,
and the fixed-satellite service (Earth-to-space) in the bands
47.2-50.2 GHz and 50.4-51.4 GHz, are not sufficiently developed to allow
a determination of the impact of unwanted emission limits on the fixed
and fixed-satellite services in these bands;

*b)* that further studies and conference action on this issue are not
expected to extend beyond WRC-11,

noting

that long-term protection of the Earth exploration-satellite service in
the bands 31.3-31.5 GHz, 50.2-50.4 GHz and 52.6-54.25 GHz is vital to
weather prediction and disaster management,

resolves

1 that future conferences should give adequate consideration to the
Earth exploration-satellite (passive) service before allocating
frequency bands to services with stations transmitting at high elevation
angles when those frequency bands are adjacent to or nearby bands
allocated to the Earth exploration-satellite (passive) service;

2 that future conferences should give adequate consideration to active
services with stations transmitting at high elevation angles before
allocating frequency bands to the Earth exploration-satellite (passive)
service in adjacent or nearby frequency bands;

3 that, until a future conference resolves the issue of EESS (passive)
protection, administrations should take into account the values
indicated in the *recognizing* to protect the EESS (passive), when
designing and implementing systems and networks in the bands
31-31.3 GHz, 47.2-50.2 GHz, 50.4-51.4 GHz and 51.4-52.6 GHz;

4 to recommend that WRC‑11 review options for protecting the Earth
exploration-satellite (passive) service in the bands in *resolves* 3 on
a band-by-band and service-by-service basis, taking into account the
results of studies, including those on the impact on all concerned
services of implementing or not implementing such options;

5 that all options for the protection of the Earth exploration-satellite
(passive) service in the frequency bands 31.3-31.5 GHz, 50.2-50.4 GHz
and 52.6-54.25 GHz from unwanted emissions interference, including
mandatory or non-mandatory limits on unwanted emissions, or no limits
where none are warranted, need to be considered,

invites ITU-R

to undertake further band-by-band analyses, given the unique
characteristics of each band,

invites administrations

1 to provide the relevant characteristics of fixed service systems in
the bands 31-31.3 GHz and 51.4-52.6 GHz, and fixed-satellite service
(Earth-to-space) systems in the bands 47.2-50.2 GHz and 50.4-51.4 GHz;

2 to actively participate in the studies identified in *invites ITU-R*.

**Reasons:** The fixed service in the bands 31-31.3 GHz and 51.4-52.6
GHz, and the fixed-satellite service (Earth-to-space) in the bands
47.2-50.2 GHz and 50.4-51.4 GHz, are not sufficiently developed to allow
a determination of the impact of unwanted emission limits on the fixed
and fixed-satellite services in these bands prior to WRC-07. A
compromise proposal is made pending further consideration at a future
WRC of the issue of protecting the Earth exploration-satellite (passive)
service from unwanted emissions from active services operating above 31
GHz.

**SUP** USA/5A4/14

RESOLUTION 738 (WRC‑03)

Compatibility analyses between the Earth exploration-satellite\
service (passive) and active services

**Reasons:** Resolution \[AI 1.20\] (WRC-07) replaces Resolution 738
(WRC-03).

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

[^1]: ^1^ Protection values are contained in Resolution 738 *considering
    f)* and *g)* as follows:

    "*f)* that according to Recommendation ITU‑R SM.1633, the EESS
    (passive) in the band 31.3-31.5 GHz can be protected if the unwanted
    emissions of fixed-service systems (except high-altitude platform
    stations (HAPS)) operating in the band 31.0-31.3 GHz do not exceed
    --38 dBW in a 100 MHz reference bandwidth in the band 31.3-31.5 GHz;

    *g)* that according to Recommendation ITU‑R SM.1633, the EESS
    (passive) in the band 52.6-54.25 GHz can be protected if the
    unwanted emissions of fixed-service systems operating in the band
    51.4-52.6 GHz do not exceed --33 dBW in a 100 MHz reference
    bandwidth in the band 52.6-54.25 GHz;".