**Summary Table: Characteristics of Ecoregions of Alabama and Georgia**

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<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>45</strong></td>
<td colspan="13"><strong>PIEDMONT</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"><strong>Level IV Ecoregion</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Physiography</strong></td>
<td><strong>Geology</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Soil</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Climate</strong></td>
<td><p><strong>Potential Natural</strong></p>
<p><strong>Vegetation</strong></p></td>
<td><strong>Land Use and Land Cover</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td><p><strong>Area</strong></p>
<p>(square miles)</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p><strong>Elevation</strong></p>
<p><strong>/</strong></p>
<p><strong>Local Relief</strong></p>
<p>(feet)</p></td>
<td><strong>Surficial and bedrock</strong></td>
<td><strong>Order (Great Groups)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Common Soil Series</strong></td>
<td><strong>Temperature / Moisture Regimes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Precipitation</strong> Mean annual (inches)</td>
<td><strong>Frost Free</strong> Mean annual (days)</td>
<td><strong>Mean Temperature</strong> January min/max; July min/max
(F)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>45a.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Inner Piedmont</strong></p></td>
<td>6540</td>
<td>Dissected irregular plains, tablelands of moderate relief, open
hills; low to moderate gradient streams with mostly cobble, gravel, and
sandy substrates.</td>
<td><p>350-2900</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>200-400</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary micaceous clay, sandy clay, and sandy
saprolite, with rock outcrops and joint-block boulders; Precambrian to
Paleozoic schist, gneiss, granite, amphibolite, and phyllite.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Kanhapludults, Hapludults); on floodplains Inceptisols
(Dystrudepts) and Entisols (Udifluvents, Fluvaquents)</td>
<td>Madison, Louisa, Tatum, Badin, Tallapoosa, Cecil, Grover, Davidson,
Pacolet; on floodplains Chewacla, Cartecay, Toccoa, Enoree.</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>52-60</td>
<td>185-220</td>
<td><p>30/52</p>
<p>67/90</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Deciduous forest, mixed forest, pine plantations, pasture; hay,
cattle, and poultry production.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>45b.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Outer Piedmont</strong></p></td>
<td>13585</td>
<td>Dissected irregular plains; low to moderate gradient streams with
mostly cobble, gravel, and sandy substrates.</td>
<td><p>335-945</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-300</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary argillaceous saprolite, quartz-rich
saprolite, micaceous saprolite; Precambrian to Paleozoic schist, gneiss,
granite, and amphibolite.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Kanhapludults, Hapludults); on floodplains Inceptisols
(Dystrudepts) and Entisols (Udifluvents, Fluvaquents)</td>
<td>Cecil, Madison, Pacolet, Lloyd, Appling, Davidson, Wilkes, Gwinnett,
Ashlar; on floodplains Chewacla, Toccoa, Enoree, Cartecay.</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>46-56</td>
<td>190-230</td>
<td><p>31/54</p>
<p>67/90</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Pine plantations, deciduous forest, mixed forest, pasture; hay,
cattle, dairy, hog, and orchard production.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>45c.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Carolina Slate Belt</strong></p></td>
<td>592</td>
<td>Dissected irregular plains; low to moderate gradient streams with
mostly cobble, gravel, and sandy substrates.</td>
<td><p>330-620</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-200</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary silty to clayey saprolite, some micaceous
saprolite; late Precambrian to Cambrian metavolcanics, meta-argillite,
sericite, phyllite, and metadacite.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Kanhapludults)</td>
<td>Georgeville, Herndon</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>47-49</td>
<td>190-215</td>
<td><p>30/53</p>
<p>67/90</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Pine plantations, mixed forest, pasture.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>45d.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Talladega Upland</strong></p></td>
<td>979</td>
<td>Open high hills, some northeast-trending linear ridges, rolling
plateau; moderate to high gradient streams with bedrock, boulder,
cobble, gravel, and sand substrates.</td>
<td><p>500-2407</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>250-1000</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary micaceous saprolite and silty, clayey, or
sandy saprolite; Precambrian to Paleozoic phyllite, quartzite, slate,
metasiltstone, and metaconglomerate.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults)</td>
<td>Tatum, Tallapoosa, Badin, Fruithurst, Madison, Grover, Cheaha</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>54-64</td>
<td>185-210</td>
<td><p>28/51</p>
<p>65/89</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Mixed forest, pine plantations, deciduous forest; in AL large areas
of public land (Talladega National Forest), recreation, forestry.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>45h.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Pine Mountain Ridges</strong></p></td>
<td>306</td>
<td>Open hills and linear ridges, some irregular plains; moderate to
high gradient streams with bedrock, boulder, cobble, gravel, and sand
substrates.</td>
<td><p>590-1395</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>200-500</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary quartz rich saprolite and micaceous
saprolite; Precambrian to Paleozoic quartzite, schist, gneiss,
granite.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Kanhapludults, Hapludults)</td>
<td>Mountainburg, Cecil, Pacolet, Madison</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>50-54</td>
<td>205-215</td>
<td><p>32/55</p>
<p>68/90</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Deciduous forest, pine plantations, mixed forest, pasture.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

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<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>65</strong></td>
<td colspan="13"><strong>SOUTHEASTERN PLAINS</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"><strong>Level IV Ecoregion</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Physiography</strong></td>
<td><strong>Geology</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Soil</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Climate</strong></td>
<td><p><strong>Potential Natural</strong></p>
<p><strong>Vegetation</strong></p></td>
<td><strong>Land Use and Land Cover</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td><p><strong>Area</strong></p>
<p>(square miles)</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p><strong>Elevation</strong></p>
<p><strong>/</strong></p>
<p><strong>Local Relief</strong></p>
<p>(feet)</p></td>
<td><strong>Surficial and bedrock</strong></td>
<td><strong>Order (Great Groups)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Common Soil Series</strong></td>
<td><strong>Temperature / Moisture Regimes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Precipitation</strong> Mean annual (inches)</td>
<td><strong>Frost Free</strong> Mean annual (days)</td>
<td><strong>Mean Temperature</strong> January min/max; July min/max,
(F)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65a.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Blackland Prairie</strong></p></td>
<td>2102</td>
<td>Undulating irregular plains, nearly level to strongly sloping; low
gradient streams with chalk, clay, sand, and silt substrates.</td>
<td><p>120-360</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>50-100</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary dark gray to reddish clay solution residuum
over Cretaceous-age chalk, marl, and calcareous clay.</td>
<td>Vertisols (Dystruderts, Hapluderts, Epiaquerts), Inceptisols
(Eutrudepts), Alfisols (Paleudalfs), Entisols (Udorthents)</td>
<td>Sumter, Vaiden, Oktibbeha, Kipling, Demopolis, Sucarnoochee,
Houston, Hannon, Okolona</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic, some Aquic</td>
<td>52-56</td>
<td>220-240</td>
<td><p>34/56</p>
<p>69/91</p></td>
<td>Blackbelt forest of sweetgum, hackberry, oak, cedar; patches of
bluestem prairie.</td>
<td>Pasture and cropland with hay, soybeans, corn, cotton, and
pond-raised catfish production; small patches of mixed hardwoods, cedar,
and pine.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65b.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Flatwoods / Blackland Prairie Margins</strong></p></td>
<td>1952</td>
<td>Smooth lowland plains and undulating irregular plains; sluggish, low
gradient, clay and sand bottomed streams.</td>
<td><p>100-520</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>50-150</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary massive clay decomposition residuum, silty,
medium to fine sand and sandy clay decomposition residuum; Tertiary
massive, plastic clay, calcareous clayey sand, Cretaceous micaceous fine
sand, chalk, and marl.</td>
<td>Vertisols (Dystruderts, Dystraquerts, Epiaquerts), Inceptisols
(Eutrudepts), Alfisols (Paleudalfs), Ultisols (Hapludults)</td>
<td><p>Wilcox, Mayhew, Vaiden, Sumter, Kipling, Consul, Sucarnoochee,
Oktibbeha,</p>
<p>Conecuh</p></td>
<td>Thermic / Udic, some Aquic</td>
<td>52-56</td>
<td>220-240</td>
<td><p>34/56</p>
<p>69/91</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Mixed forest, pine plantations, pasture, hay, and some
cropland.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65c.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Sand Hills</strong></p></td>
<td>2887</td>
<td>Dissected irregular plains, some open low hills; low to moderate
gradient sandy bottomed streams.</td>
<td><p>100-780</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-300</p></td>
<td>Quaternary medium to coarse sand decomposition residuum, loamy sand,
sandy loam, and sandy clay decomposition residuum; Cretaceous and some
Eocene sands and clays.</td>
<td>Entisols (Quartzipsamments), Ultisols (Kandiudults,
Kanhapludults)</td>
<td>Lakeland, Lucy, Fuquay, Troup, Orangeburg, Vaucluse, Dothan, Ailey,
Cowarts</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>46-50</td>
<td>220-240</td>
<td><p>34/56</p>
<p>69/91</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine; longleaf pine-turkey oak on excessively drained
soils.</td>
<td>Mostly pine plantations, mixed forest, some pasture and
cropland.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65d.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Hilly Gulf Coastal Plain</strong></p></td>
<td>8548</td>
<td>Dissected irregular plains, northward facing cuestas, low hills with
broad tops; some wide floodplains and broad, level to undulating
terraces; low to moderate gradient mostly sandy bottomed streams.</td>
<td><p>70-700</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-300</p></td>
<td>Quaternary fine to coarse sand, sandy clay, and ferruginous clayey
coarse sand decomposition residuum; Tertiary sand, clay, silt,
limestone, and lignite; Cretaceous sand, clay, lignite.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults, Kandiudults, Paleudults, Fragiudults,
Kanhapludults); on floodplains Entisols (Fluvaquents, Udifluvents) and
Inceptisols (Endoaquepts)</td>
<td>Lucy, Bonifay, Dothan, Fuquay, Nankin, Esto, Orangeburg, Springhill,
Troup, Ailey, Norfolk, and Wagram in the east; Bama, Luverne, Smithdale,
Savannah, Conecuh, and Lucedale in the east; Iuka, Bibb, Kinston,
Mantachie on floodplains.</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic, some Aquic</td>
<td>48-59</td>
<td>220-245</td>
<td><p>35/58</p>
<p>69/91</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine forest, southern mixed forest, some southern
floodplain forest.</td>
<td>Mostly mixed forest and pine plantations, some small intermixed
areas of pasture and fields of hay, cotton, peanuts, corn, and soybeans;
some poultry.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65f.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Pine Plains and Hills</strong></p></td>
<td>5994</td>
<td>Southward-sloping, dissected irregular plains, some open low hills,
mostly broad gently sloping ridgetops with steeper side slopes near
drainages; low to moderate gradient sand and clay bottomed streams; some
sinkholes in eastern area.</td>
<td><p>40-520</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-250</p></td>
<td>Quaternary sandy clay decomposition residuum, calcareous sandy clay
solution residuum, clayey sand solution residuum with chert blocks,
alluvial gravel and sand; Tertiary (Miocene) fine to coarse sand,
gravelly sand, and clay, with some limestone to east.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Paleudults, Kandiudults, Hapludults, Paleaquults); on
floodplains Entisols (Fluvaquents, Udifluvents) and Inceptisols
(Endoaquepts)</td>
<td>Troup, Heidel, Smithdale, Bonifay, Dothan, Orangeburg, Wadley,
Smithton, Bama, Saffell, Malbis; on floodplains Bibb, Iuka,
Mantachie</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic, some Aquic</td>
<td>58-68</td>
<td>230-270</td>
<td><p>36/59</p>
<p>70/92</p></td>
<td>Southern mixed forest, oak-hickory-pine forest, some southern
floodplain forest.</td>
<td>Mixed forest, pine plantations, some agriculture on flatter uplands
with soybeans, wheat, peanuts, cotton, corn, pecans, sweet potatoes, and
tomatoes.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65g.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Dougherty Plain</strong></p></td>
<td>6113</td>
<td>Irregular plains, some flat plains, lightly dissected; mostly low
gradient with some moderate gradient sandy bottomed streams.</td>
<td><p>80-490</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>80-200</p></td>
<td>Quaternary and Tertiary clayey sand solution residuum with chert
blocks; Tertiary (Eocene and Oligocene) limestone.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Kandiudults, Kanhapludults, Paleudults), Entisols
(Quartzipsamments)</td>
<td>Orangeburg, Tifton, Dothan, Norfolk, Wagram, Troup, Lucy, Bonneau,
Blanton, Red Bay, Alaga, Fuquay, Bonifay</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>48-58</td>
<td>235-255</td>
<td><p>37/60</p>
<p>70/92</p></td>
<td>Southern mixed forest.</td>
<td>Cropland and pasture with corn, peanuts, cotton, pecans, soybeans,
sorghum, poultry; some mixed forest mostly near streams, some pine
plantations.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65h.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Tifton Upland</strong></p></td>
<td>3882</td>
<td>Dissected irregular plains, broad interstream divides and mostly
gently sloping side slopes; low to moderate gradient sandy bottomed
streams.</td>
<td><p>85-460</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-200</p></td>
<td>Quaternary sand and clay decomposition residuum; Miocene and some
Pliocene sand, clay, and gravel.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Kandiudults, Paleaquults)</td>
<td>Tifton, Dothan, Norfolk, Alapaha, Pelham</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>47-56</td>
<td>240-260</td>
<td><p>37/60</p>
<p>70/92</p></td>
<td>Southern mixed forest.</td>
<td>Cropland and pasture with corn, cotton, peanuts, hogs, cabbage,
melons, and tobacco.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65i.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Fall Line Hills</strong></p></td>
<td>6559</td>
<td>Dissected open hills with rounded tops; gently sloping to strongly
sloping side-slopes; low to moderate gradient streams with sandy and
gravelly substrates.</td>
<td><p>200-1000</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>200-400</p></td>
<td>Quaternary medium to coarse sand and gravel decomposition residuum;
Cretaceous quartz sand, gravelly sand, micaceous clay.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults, Fragiudults, Kanhapludults, Kandiudults),
Entisols (Fluvaquents, Udifluvents), Inceptisols (Endoaquepts)</td>
<td>Cowarts, Uchee, Marvyn, Orangeburg, Springhill, Lucy, and Nankin in
the east; Smithdale, Luverne, Savannah, Bama, Maubila, and Saffell in
the west; Bibb, Kinston, Iuka, Mantachie on floodplains.</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic, some Aquic</td>
<td>53-59</td>
<td>210-240</td>
<td><p>30/51</p>
<p>68/91</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Mixed forest and pine plantations, with areas of pasture and hay;
minor areas of cultivated cropland of corn, soybeans, and cotton.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65j.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Transition Hills</strong></p></td>
<td>678</td>
<td>Dissected open hills, broad to rounded tops and steep side slopes;
low to moderate gradient streams with sandy and gravelly
substrates.</td>
<td><p>420-980</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>200-400</p></td>
<td>Quaternary gravel and sand decomposition residuum, chert-fragment
solution residuum, clayey to sandy solution residuum; Cretaceous fine
grained sand, chert gravel in silt and sand.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults, Fragiudults, Paleudults), Entisols
(Fluvaquents, Udifluvents)</td>
<td>Saffell, Smithdale, Luverne, Savannah, small areas of Dickson and
Bodine, some rock outcrops; Bibb, Iuka, and Nugent on floodplains.</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>56</td>
<td>205</td>
<td><p>28/47</p>
<p>67/89</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Mostly mixed forest with some pine plantations, some cropland and
pasture in narrow valley bottoms and on gently sloping uplands.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65k.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Coastal Plain Red Uplands</strong></p></td>
<td>3234</td>
<td>Dissected irregular plains, mostly broad, gently sloping ridges and
interstream divides, some more dissected with steeper slopes; low to
moderate gradient sandy bottomed streams.</td>
<td><p>180-580</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-300</p></td>
<td>Quaternary loamy sand, sandy loam, and sandy clay decomposition
residuum, some clayey sand solution residuum; Paleocene, Eocene, and
Oligocene sand, clay, and limestone.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Kandiudults)</td>
<td>Orangeburg, Faceville, Lucy, Greenville, Dothan, Tifton, Red
Bay</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>46-52</td>
<td>230-245</td>
<td><p>34/57</p>
<p>69/91</p></td>
<td>Southern mixed forest, oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Cropland and pasture with peanuts, soybeans, wheat, cotton, corn,
rye; some mixed forest on more steeply sloping land.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65l.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Atlantic Southern Loam Plains</strong></p></td>
<td>8626</td>
<td>Dissected irregular plains, some smooth plains; broad interstream
divides and mostly gentle side slopes dissected by numerous small, low
to moderate gradient sandy bottomed streams.</td>
<td><p>80-525</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-200</p></td>
<td>Quaternary sand and clay decomposition residuum; Miocene sand, clay,
and gravel.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Kandiudults, Kanhapludults, Paleaquults, Paleudults)</td>
<td>Tifton, Fuquay, Cowarts, Pelham, Dothan, Grady, Nankin, Bonifay,
Blanton, Troup</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>44-48</td>
<td>230-250</td>
<td><p>35/58</p>
<p>70/92</p></td>
<td>Southern mixed forest.</td>
<td>Cropland and pasture with corn, soybeans, onions, rye, wheat,
tobacco, and hogs; pine plantations and mixed forest.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65o.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Tallahassee Hills / Valdosta Limesink</strong></p></td>
<td>541</td>
<td>Dissected irregular plains, more hilly to the west, more sinkholes
and ponds to the east; low to moderate gradient sandy bottomed
streams.</td>
<td><p>85-295</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-200</p></td>
<td>Quaternary sand and clay decomposition residuum; Miocene sand, clay,
gravel, and limestone.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Kandiudults, Paleudults)</td>
<td>Orangeburg, Faceville, Lucy, and Red Bay in the west; Tifton,
Fuquay, Dothan, Valdosta, and Troup in the east.</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>53-56</td>
<td>250-260</td>
<td><p>38/62</p>
<p>70/92</p></td>
<td>Southern mixed forest.</td>
<td>Mixed forest, pasture, and cropland of corn, peanuts, cotton, and
tobacco.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65p.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southeastern Floodplains and Low Terraces</strong></p></td>
<td>3050</td>
<td>Major river floodplains and associated low terraces; low gradient
streams with sandy and silty substrates, oxbow lakes, ponds,
swamps.</td>
<td><p>10-330</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>5-50</p></td>
<td>Quaternary alluvial gravelly sand, quartz gravel and sand, silts,
and clays.</td>
<td>Inceptisols (Epiaquepts, Dystrudepts, Endoaquepts), Ultisols
(Hapludults, Paleudults)</td>
<td>Urbo, Una, Cahaba, Mooreville, Izagora, Riverview, Kolomoki,
Chrysler, and Annemaine in AL; Chewacla, Chastain, Riverview, and Tawcaw
in GA.</td>
<td>Thermic / Aquic</td>
<td>45-64</td>
<td>225-270</td>
<td><p>32-36/54-58</p>
<p>68/91</p></td>
<td>Southern floodplain forest.</td>
<td>Deciduous forest, forested wetlands, pine plantations on
floodplains; cropland and pine plantations on terraces.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>65q.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Burhstone/Lime Hills</strong></p></td>
<td>1534</td>
<td>Rolling to strongly dissected open hills and open low hills, cuestas
with a north-facing steep slope; moderate or higher gradient streams
with sand, gravel, cobble, and bedrock substrates.</td>
<td><p>65-550</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>200-400</p></td>
<td>Quaternary siliceous clay decomposition residuum, limonitic sandy
decomposition residuum; Tertiary (Eocene-Oligocene) claystone,
siltstone, clay, sandy clay, sandstone, limestone, and marl.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults), Entisols (Udorthents), Alfisols (Hapludalfs),
Inceptisols (Eutrudepts), Vertisols (Hapluderts)</td>
<td>Arundel, Cantuche, Brantley, Okeelala, Smithdale, Lauderdale,
Sumter, Maytag</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>58-62</td>
<td>220-235</td>
<td><p>35/58</p>
<p>69/92</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine forest, southern mixed forest.</td>
<td>Mixed forest and pine plantations.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 2%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 12%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>66</strong></td>
<td colspan="13"><strong>BLUE RIDGE MOUNTAINS</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"><strong>Level IV Ecoregion</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Physiography</strong></td>
<td><strong>Geology</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Soil</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Climate</strong></td>
<td><p><strong>Potential Natural</strong></p>
<p><strong>Vegetation</strong></p></td>
<td><strong>Land Use and Land Cover</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td><p><strong>Area</strong></p>
<p>(square miles)</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p><strong>Elevation</strong></p>
<p><strong>/</strong></p>
<p><strong>Local Relief</strong></p>
<p>(feet)</p></td>
<td><strong>Surficial and bedrock</strong></td>
<td><strong>Order (Great Groups)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Common Soil Series</strong></td>
<td><strong>Temperature / Moisture Regimes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Precipitation</strong> Mean annual (inches)</td>
<td><strong>Frost Free</strong> Mean annual (days)</td>
<td><strong>Mean Temperature</strong> January min/max; July min/max,
(F)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>66d.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Crystalline Ridges &amp; Mountains</strong></p></td>
<td>811</td>
<td>Low to high mountains, gently rounded to steep slopes, narrow
valleys. High gradient, bedrock and boulder-bottomed, cool, clear
streams.</td>
<td><p>800-4784</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>1500-3000</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary bouldery colluvium, micaceous saprolite, clay
and sandy clay saprolite; Precambrian gneiss, schist, quartzite,
metagraywacke, and amphibolite.</td>
<td>Inceptisols (Dystrudepts); Ultisols (Hapludults)</td>
<td><p>Chestnut, Porters, Saunook,</p>
<p>Ashe, Evard, Talladega, Saluda, Cowee, Edneyville, Edneytown</p></td>
<td>Mesic / Udic</td>
<td>68-88</td>
<td>160-195</td>
<td><p>26/48</p>
<p>62/85</p></td>
<td>Appalachian oak forest (mixed oaks, hickory, pine, tulip poplar,
birch, maple); mixed mesophytic (buckeye, basswood, tulip poplar,
beech); shrub balds on highest peaks.</td>
<td>Forested; large areas of public land (Chattahoochee National
Forest); tourism, recreation, hunting, forest products.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>66g.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Metasedimentary Mountains</strong></p></td>
<td>1468</td>
<td>Low to high mountains, gently rounded to steep slopes, narrow
valleys. High gradient, bedrock and boulder-bottomed, cool, clear
streams.</td>
<td><p>800-4100</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>1200-2800</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary bouldery colluvium, some micaceous saprolite
and clay and sandy clay saprolite; Precambrian metasandstone,
metagraywacke, quartzite, metaconglomerate, metasiltstone, phyllite,
slate, schist and gneiss.</td>
<td>Inceptisols (Dystrudepts); Ultisols (Hapludults)</td>
<td>Ashe, Saluda, Talladega, Edneyville, Tusquitee, Junaluska,
Cataska</td>
<td>Mesic / Udic</td>
<td>58-76</td>
<td>170-205</td>
<td><p>27/48</p>
<p>65/86</p></td>
<td>Appalachian oak forest (mixed oaks, hickory, pine, tulip poplar,
birch, maple); mixed mesophytic (buckeye, basswood, tulip poplar,
beech).</td>
<td>Forested; large areas of public land (Chattahoochee National
Forest); tourism, recreation, hunting, rural residential, some small
clearings for pasture or orchards on less steep land.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>66j.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Broad Basins</strong></p></td>
<td>369</td>
<td>Intermountainous area of open low mountains, rolling foothills, and
moderately broad mountain valleys. Moderate gradient streams with cobble
and boulders.</td>
<td><p>1600-2600</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>300-600</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary quartz-rich saprolite, silty clay to sandy
clay saprolite, micaceous saprolite; Precambrian schist, gneiss,
phyllite, and metasandstone.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults, Kanhapludults); Inceptisols (Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Evard, Clifton, Cowee, Hayesville, Bradson, Junaluska, Cataska</td>
<td>Mesic / Udic</td>
<td>56-63</td>
<td>160-190</td>
<td><p>24/47</p>
<p>62/85</p></td>
<td>Appalachian oak forest (mixed oaks, hickory, pine, tulip poplar,
birch, maple); mixed mesophytic (buckeye, basswood, tulip poplar,
beech).</td>
<td>Mostly forested, also pasture and some row crops.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<table style="width:100%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 2%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 12%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 12%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>67</strong></td>
<td colspan="13"><strong>RIDGE AND VALLEY</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"><strong>Level IV Ecoregion</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Physiography</strong></td>
<td><strong>Geology</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Soil</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Climate</strong></td>
<td><p><strong>Potential Natural</strong></p>
<p><strong>Vegetation</strong></p></td>
<td><strong>Land Use and Land Cover</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td><p><strong>Area</strong></p>
<p>(square miles)</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p><strong>Elevation</strong></p>
<p><strong>/</strong></p>
<p><strong>Local Relief</strong></p>
<p>(feet)</p></td>
<td><strong>Surficial and bedrock</strong></td>
<td><strong>Order (Great Groups)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Common Soil Series</strong></td>
<td><strong>Temperature / Moisture Regimes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Precipitation</strong> Mean annual (inches)</td>
<td><strong>Frost Free</strong> Mean annual (days)</td>
<td><strong>Mean Temperature</strong> January min/max; July min/max
(F)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>67f.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Limestone / Dolomite Valleys and Low Rolling
Hills</strong></p></td>
<td>4005</td>
<td>Undulating to rolling valleys with rounded hills, some steep ridges;
caves and springs; moderate to low gradient streams with bedrock,
cobble, gravel, and sandy substrates.</td>
<td><p>300-1300</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-500</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary cherty clay and cherty silty clay solution
residuum; Ordovician cherty dolomite and limestone.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Paleudults); Inceptisols (Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Fullerton, Shack, Bodine, Dewey, Decatur, Minvale; Chewacla on
floodplains</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>50-59</td>
<td>190-225</td>
<td><p>29-31/49-54</p>
<p>66-69/89-91</p></td>
<td>Mixed oak forest, oak-hickory-pine forest, bottomland oak forest,
some cedar glades.</td>
<td>Mixed and deciduous forest; pasture and cropland with hay, corn,
soybeans, cotton, beef, poultry, and hogs; rural residential, urban and
industrial.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>67g</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Shale Valleys</strong></p></td>
<td>2060</td>
<td>Undulating to rolling valleys, some low, rounded hills and knobs;
moderate to low gradient streams with bedrock, cobble, gravel, and sandy
substrates.</td>
<td><p>400-1100</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-400</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary clay, clay loam, sandy clay, and sand
solution residuum, sandy loam to clay loam decomposition residuum;
Cambrian to Mississippian shale, sandstone, dolomite, limestone, and
mudstone.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults, Paleudults); Alfisols (Hapludalfs);
Inceptisols (Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Townley, Montevallo, Holston, Cunningham, Conasauga, Firestone,
Allen</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>52-58</td>
<td>190-225</td>
<td><p>28-31/49-54</p>
<p>66-69/89-91</p></td>
<td>Mixed oak forest, oak-hickory-pine forest, bottomland oak
forest.</td>
<td>Mixed and deciduous forest; pasture and cropland with hay, corn,
soybeans, cotton, beef, poultry, and hogs. rural residential, urban and
industrial.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>67h.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Sandstone Ridges</strong></p></td>
<td>1182</td>
<td>High, steep ridges, some broader ridges to the south, some narrow
intervening valleys; high to moderate gradient streams with mostly rocky
substrates.</td>
<td><p>400-2030</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>400-1100</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary sandy and silty clay decomposition residuum;
Cambrian to Pennsylvanian sandstone, shale, siltstone, and
conglomerate.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Paleudults, Hapludults); Inceptisols (Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Nella, Montevallo, Gorgas, Hartsells, Nauvoo, Townley, Cheaha,
Leesburg</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>52-60</td>
<td>180-225</td>
<td><p>27-30/48-52</p>
<p>65-67/88-90</p></td>
<td>Mixed oak forest, oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Mixed and deciduous forest.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>67i.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Dissected Ridges and Knobs</strong></p></td>
<td>73</td>
<td>Dissected ridges, hills, and knobs, lower and more dissected than
67h; small, moderate to high gradient streams with rock, cobble, and
gravel substrates.</td>
<td><p>500-1300</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>300-700</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary cherty clay solution residuum, clay, silty
clay, or sandy decomposition residuum; Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian
shale, siltstone, sandstone, slate, quartzose limestone; some
Mississippian chert.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults, Paleudults); Inceptisols (Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Montevallo, Bodine, Nella, Gorgas, Townley<em>,</em> Shack, Allen,
Cheaha, Tallapoosa</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>52-59</td>
<td>190-225</td>
<td><p>28/51</p>
<p>66/89</p></td>
<td>Mixed oak forest, oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Mixed and deciduous forest, some small areas of pasture.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 2%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 12%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>68</strong></td>
<td colspan="13"><strong>SOUTHWESTERN APPALACHIANS</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"><strong>Level IV Ecoregion</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Physiography</strong></td>
<td><strong>Geology</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Soil</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Climate</strong></td>
<td><p><strong>Potential Natural</strong></p>
<p><strong>Vegetation</strong></p></td>
<td><strong>Land Use and Land Cover</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td><p><strong>Area</strong></p>
<p>(square miles)</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p><strong>Elevation</strong></p>
<p><strong>/</strong></p>
<p><strong>Local Relief</strong></p>
<p>(feet)</p></td>
<td><strong>Surficial and bedrock</strong></td>
<td><strong>Order (Great Groups)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Common Soil Series</strong></td>
<td><strong>Temperature / Moisture Regimes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Precipitation</strong> Mean annual (inches)</td>
<td><strong>Frost Free</strong> Mean annual (days)</td>
<td><strong>Mean Temperature</strong> January min/max; July min/max,
(F)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>68a.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Cumberland Plateau</strong></p></td>
<td>104</td>
<td>Undulating and rolling tableland, weakly dissected; low to moderate
gradient streams with bedrock and boulder substrates.</td>
<td><p>1000-1770</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-300</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary sandy decomposition residuum; Pennsylvanian
quartzose sandstone, conglomerate, siltstone, and shale.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults)</td>
<td>Hartsells, Townley, Gorgas, Linker</td>
<td>Thermic, some mesic / Udic</td>
<td>56-62</td>
<td>200</td>
<td><p>25/46</p>
<p>65/88</p></td>
<td>Mixed oak forest on uplands; mixed mesophytic forest (maple,
buckeye, beech, tulip poplar, oak) in ravines.</td>
<td>Mostly forested; timber activities; some cropland and pasture.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>68b.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Sequatchie Valley</strong></p></td>
<td>503</td>
<td>Undulating to hilly 4 mile wide linear valley, some nearly level
floodplains and low terraces; small alluvial fans; moderate to low
gradient streams with bedrock, cobble, gravel and sandy substrates, and
several springs.</td>
<td><p>600-1000</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-300</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary cherty clay solution residuum and plastic
clay solution residuum with colluvial chert; Ordovician limestone and
dolomite, Mississippian and Ordovician cherty limestone and shale.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Paleudults); Inceptisols (Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Minvale, Bodine, Fullerton, Etowah; Lobelville on floodplains</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>52-58</td>
<td>200-215</td>
<td><p>26/48</p>
<p>66/89</p></td>
<td>Mixed mesophytic forest (oak, elm, hickory, ash, maple, blackgum,
pine, sweetgum, basswood, beech).</td>
<td>Cropland and pasture, with soybeans, corn, hay, and wheat; more
mixed forest to the south on central ridge, knobs, and hills.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>68c.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Plateau Escarpment</strong></p></td>
<td>1188</td>
<td>Long, steep mountainsides, some nearly vertical cliffs near top of
escarpment; ravines and gorges; high velocity, high gradient streams,
waterfalls; bedrock and bouldery substrates.</td>
<td><p>600-2200</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>500-1200</p></td>
<td>Quaternary plastic clay solution residuum with colluvial chert,
colluvium with huge blocks; Mississippian limestone, sandstone, shale;
Pennsylvanian sandstone, siltstone, shale, and conglomerate.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Paleudults, Hapludults); Inceptisols (Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Nella, Gorgas, Hartsells, Bouldin, Hector, Townley, Nauvoo,
Enders</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>55-64</td>
<td>190-210</td>
<td><p>26/47</p>
<p>65/88</p></td>
<td>Mixed oak forests on upper slopes; mixed mesophytic forest (oak,
elm, hickory, ash, maple, blackgum, pine, sweetgum, basswood, beech) on
lower slopes.</td>
<td>Forested; steep slopes limit road building and forestry; minor
cropland and pasture in lower stream bottoms.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>68d.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Southern Table Plateaus</strong></p></td>
<td>2421</td>
<td>Undulating and rolling tablelands, weakly to moderately dissected;
low to moderate gradient streams with bedrock and boulder
substrates.</td>
<td><p>700-2300</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-400</p></td>
<td>Quaternary to Tertiary sandy decomposition residuum; Pennsylvanian
quartzose sandstone, conglomerate, siltstone, shale, and coal.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults, Fragiudults); Inceptisols (Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Hartsells, Townley, Gorgas, Montevallo, Enders, Nauvoo,
Wynnville</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>55-67</td>
<td>190-215</td>
<td><p>25-29/46-49</p>
<p>65-67/88-90</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory forest; mixed mesophytic forest (oak, elm, hickory, ash,
maple, blackgum, pine, sweetgum, basswood, beech) in ravines and
gorges.</td>
<td>In GA, mostly forested; to the southwest, cropland and pasture with
corn, soybeans, potatoes, tomatoes, and hay; a major poultry production
region in AL; small areas of coal mining.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>68e.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Dissected Plateau</strong></p></td>
<td>1407</td>
<td>Rugged, hilly, moderately to strongly dissected plateau; some
steep-sided gorge-like valleys; moderate to high gradient streams with
bedrock and boulder substrates.</td>
<td><p>500-1090</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>300-400</p></td>
<td>Quaternary sandy decomposition residuum; Pennsylvanian quartzose
sandstone, shale, siltstone, and coal.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults); Inceptisols (Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Gorgas, Sipsey, Bankhead, Montevallo, Nauvoo, Sunlight, Townley</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>56-62</td>
<td>200-210</td>
<td><p>27/50</p>
<p>66/89</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory forest and oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Mostly forested; public land (Bankhead National Forest) recreation
and forestry; some pasture and minor cropland; some dairy cows, poultry
and egg production.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>68f.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Shale Hills</strong></p></td>
<td>2188</td>
<td>Moderately dissected plateau and open to rugged hills; moderate
gradient streams with bedrock, cobble, and gravel substrates.</td>
<td><p>300-790</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>200-400</p></td>
<td>Quaternary sandy decomposition residuum; Pennsylvanian shale,
siltstone, sandstone, and coal.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Hapludults); Inceptisols (Dystrudepts); Entisols
(Udorthents) on reclaimed coal mine areas</td>
<td>Sunlight, Townley, Enders, Montevallo; Brilliant and Palmerdale on
reclaimed coal mine areas</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>56-60</td>
<td>210-220</td>
<td><p>29/51</p>
<p>67/90</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory forest and oak-hickory-pine forest.</td>
<td>Mostly forested; coal mining; some hay, poultry (broiler and egg)
production.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 2%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 12%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 12%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>71</strong></td>
<td colspan="14"><strong>INTERIOR PLATEAU</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"><strong>Level IV Ecoregion</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Physiography</strong></td>
<td><strong>Geology</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Soil</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Climate</strong></td>
<td><p><strong>Potential Natural</strong></p>
<p><strong>Vegetation</strong></p></td>
<td><strong>Land Use and Land Cover</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td><p><strong>Area</strong></p>
<p>(square miles)</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p><strong>Elevation</strong></p>
<p><strong>/</strong></p>
<p><strong>Local Relief</strong></p>
<p>(feet)</p></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Surficial and bedrock</strong></td>
<td><strong>Order (Great Groups)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Common Soil Series</strong></td>
<td><strong>Temperature / Moisture Regimes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Precipitation</strong> Mean annual (inches)</td>
<td><strong>Frost Free</strong> Mean annual (days)</td>
<td><strong>Mean Temperature</strong> January min/max; July min /max
(F)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>71f.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Western Highland Rim</strong></p></td>
<td>504</td>
<td>Moderately dissected irregular plains and open hills, gently rolling
to moderately steep; low to moderate gradient streams with gravel, sand,
and bedrock substrates.</td>
<td><p>500-850</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-200</p></td>
<td colspan="2">Quaternary clay solution residuum with chert fragments;
Mississippian cherty limestone, some siltstone and shale; some Devonian
(Chattanooga) shale.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Paleudults, Fragiudults, Hapludults)</td>
<td>Dickson, Fullerton, Bodine, Brandon, Dewey, Decatur</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>54-56</td>
<td>210</td>
<td><p>29/48</p>
<p>68/89</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory forest; somewhat transitional between the more xeric
oak-hickory forest to the west and the more mesic mixed mesophytic
forest to the east.</td>
<td>Mixed and deciduous forest, pasture and some cropland with hay,
cattle, cotton, soybeans, wheat, and corn.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>71g.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Eastern Highland Rim</strong></p></td>
<td>2303</td>
<td>Weakly dissected plateau and irregular plains, nearly level to
gently rolling; some sinkholes and depressions; low to moderate gradient
gravel- and bedrock-bottomed streams; springs.</td>
<td><p>450-950</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>50-100</p></td>
<td colspan="2">Quaternary clay solution residuum with chert fragments,
clay, clay loam, sandy clay, and sand solution residuum; Mississippian
limestone, chert, shale, and siltstone.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Paleudults, Fragiudults); Alfisols (Hapludalfs,
Epiaqualfs), Inceptisols (Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Decatur, Dewey, Fullerton, Dickson, Colbert, Ketona, Emory</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>54-58</td>
<td>210-215</td>
<td><p>27/48</p>
<p>67/89</p></td>
<td>Mostly oak-hickory, but transitional between the more xeric
oak-hickory forest to the west and the more mesic mixed mesophytic
forest to the east; some areas of cedar glades and bottomland
hardwoods.</td>
<td>Cropland and pasture with cotton, soybeans, hay, corn, wheat, and
cattle; farm woodlots and deciduous forest; urban.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>71h.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Outer Nashville Basin</strong></p></td>
<td>110</td>
<td>Dissected escarpment; open hills, gently rolling to moderately
steep; nearly level alluvial plain along Elk River; mostly moderate
gradient bedrock- and gravel-bottomed streams.</td>
<td><p>600-900</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-300</p></td>
<td colspan="2">Quaternary cherty silty clay, locally phosphatic,
solution residuum; Ordovician limestone and shaly limestone;
Mississippian chert and cherty limestone on higher hills and knobs; some
Devonian (Chattanooga) shale.</td>
<td>Ultisol<em>s</em> (Paleudults, Fragiudults); Inceptisols
(Dystrudepts)</td>
<td>Bodine, Fullerton, Dickson; Chenneby and Ennis on floodplains</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>57</td>
<td>210</td>
<td><p>27/47</p>
<p>67/89</p></td>
<td>Mostly oak-hickory, but transitional between the more xeric
oak-hickory forest to the west and the more mesic mixed mesophytic
forest to the east.</td>
<td>Mixed and deciduous forest, pasture and some cropland<em>;</em>
generally deciduous forest on ridge tops, pasture and red cedar on
hillsides, small fields of corn, hay, and garden crops on foot slopes
and bottom land.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>71j.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Little Mountain</strong></p></td>
<td>418</td>
<td>Dissected homoclinal ridge; open hills, gently rolling to moderately
steep; some irregular plains; low to moderate gradient bedrock- and
gravel-bottomed streams.</td>
<td><p>500-800</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>100-300</p></td>
<td colspan="2">Quaternary sandy clay decomposition residuum, clay, clay
loam, sandy clay, and sand solution residuum; Mississippian quartzose
sandstone and shale, some limestone.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Fragiudults, Hapludults, Paleudults)</td>
<td>Wynnville, Linker, Allen, Gorgas, Nauvoo, Hartsells</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic</td>
<td>54-58</td>
<td>210</td>
<td><p>28/48</p>
<p>68/89</p></td>
<td>Oak-hickory-pine, oak-hickory forest.</td>
<td>Mixed and deciduous forest, pasture, minor cropland with hay,
cattle, cotton, and corn.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 2%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 12%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>75</strong></td>
<td colspan="13"><strong>SOUTHERN COASTAL PLAIN</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"><strong>Level IV Ecoregion</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Physiography</strong></td>
<td><strong>Geology</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Soil</strong></td>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Climate</strong></td>
<td><p><strong>Potential Natural</strong></p>
<p><strong>Vegetation</strong></p></td>
<td><strong>Land Use and Land Cover</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td><p><strong>Area</strong></p>
<p>(square miles)</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p><strong>Elevation</strong></p>
<p><strong>/</strong></p>
<p><strong>Local Relief</strong></p>
<p>(feet)</p></td>
<td><strong>Surficial and bedrock</strong></td>
<td><strong>Order (Great Groups)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Common Soil Series</strong></td>
<td><strong>Temperature / Moisture Regimes</strong></td>
<td><strong>Precipitation</strong> Mean annual (inches)</td>
<td><strong>Frost Free</strong> Mean annual (days)</td>
<td><strong>Mean Temperature</strong> January min/max; July min/max,
(F)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>75a.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Gulf Coast Flatwoods</strong></p></td>
<td>324</td>
<td>Flat to gently undulating plain; low gradient streams with sandy and
silty substrates.</td>
<td><p>0-90</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>5-30</p></td>
<td>Quaternary quartz sand, shell fragments, silt, clay, muck, peat,
some Pliocene gravel.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Paleaquults, Paleudults), Histosols (Haplosaprists),
Spodosols (Alaquods), Entisols (Hydraquents)</td>
<td>Bayou, Escambia, Smithton, Harleston, Leon, Dorovan, Levy</td>
<td>Thermic / Aquic</td>
<td>60-64</td>
<td>270-285</td>
<td><p>40/60</p>
<p>72/90</p></td>
<td>Southern mixed forest.</td>
<td>Mixed forest, urban, forested wetland, some pasture and cropland on
better drained areas.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>75e.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Okefenokee</strong></p>
<p><strong>Plains</strong></p></td>
<td>2285</td>
<td>Flat plains on lightly dissected marine terraces; swamps and bays,
low gradient streams with sandy and silty substrates.</td>
<td><p>95-270</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>10-75</p></td>
<td>Pleistocene and Pliocene sand and gravel.</td>
<td>Spodosols (Alaquods, Alorthods), Ultisols (Paleaquults,
Paleudults)</td>
<td><p>Mascotte, Sapelo, Leon</p>
<p>Pelham, Surrency, Leefield, Mandarin</p></td>
<td>Thermic / Aquic, some Udic</td>
<td>49-53</td>
<td>240-250</td>
<td><p>38/62</p>
<p>69/92</p></td>
<td>Southern mixed forest.</td>
<td>Evergreen forest / pine plantations, forested wetland.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>75f.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Sea Island Flatwoods</strong></p></td>
<td>3934</td>
<td>Flat plains on lightly dissected marine terraces; swamps, low
gradient streams with sandy and silty substrates.</td>
<td><p>10-220</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>5-75</p></td>
<td>Pleistocene and Pliocene marine sand, silt, and clay.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Paleaquults, Paleudults, Albaquults), Alfisols
(Endoaqualfs), Spodosols (Alaquods, Alorthods)</td>
<td>Ellabelle, Bladen, Pelham, Brookman, Leefield, Mandarin, Mascotte,
Leon</td>
<td>Thermic / Aquic, some Udic</td>
<td>48-53</td>
<td>240-260</td>
<td><p>38/62</p>
<p>70/92</p></td>
<td>Southern mixed forest.</td>
<td>Evergreen forest / pine plantations, forested wetland.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>75g.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Okefenokee Swamp</strong></p></td>
<td>695</td>
<td>Flat plain with swamps, islands, and lakes.</td>
<td><p>110-135</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>5-20</p></td>
<td>Holocene swamp deposits of muck, peat, fine sand, and silt;
Pleistocene sand and clay.</td>
<td>Histosols (Haplosaprists, Haplohemists), Spodosols (Alaquods,
Alorthods)</td>
<td>Dasher, Croatan, Leon, Lynn Haven, Mandarin, Mascotte, Pamlico</td>
<td>Thermic / Aquic</td>
<td>50-53</td>
<td>240-255</td>
<td><p>39/63</p>
<p>69/92</p></td>
<td>Southern floodplain forest.</td>
<td>Forested wetland, non-forested wetland; wildlife habitat, mostly
public land (Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge).</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>75h.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Bacon Terraces</strong></p></td>
<td>1842</td>
<td>Flat plains on dissected marine terraces; low gradient streams with
sandy and silty substrates.</td>
<td><p>80-290</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>20-100</p></td>
<td>Pleistocene and Pliocene sand and gravel, some Miocene sand, clay,
and gravel near major streams.</td>
<td>Ultisols (Paleudults, Kandiudults, Paleaquults), Spodosols
(Alaquods); Entisols (Quartzipsamments)</td>
<td>Leefield, Pelham, Mascotte, Surrency, Tifton, Carnegie, Clarendon,
Fuquay, Kershaw</td>
<td>Thermic / Udic, Aquic</td>
<td>46-50</td>
<td>230-240</td>
<td><p>37/61</p>
<p>69/92</p></td>
<td>Southern mixed forest.</td>
<td>Cropland with corn, cotton, soybeans, tobacco, blueberries; pine
plantations, forested wetland.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>75i.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Floodplains and Low Terraces</strong></p></td>
<td>556</td>
<td>Major river floodplains and associated low terraces; low gradient
streams with sandy and silty substrates, oxbow lakes, ponds,
swamps.</td>
<td><p>1-80</p>
<p>5-25</p></td>
<td>Quaternary quartz sand, silt, clay, muck, peat, some Pliocene
gravel.</td>
<td>Alfisols (Albaqualfs), Inceptisols (Endoaquepts, Dystrudepts),
Histosols (Haplosaprists), Entisols (Udifluvents, Hydraquents)</td>
<td>In GA: Meggett, Chastain, Tawcaw, Chewacla, Congaree. In AL:
Dorovan, Levy</td>
<td>Thermic / Aquic</td>
<td><p>48-52 (GA);</p>
<p>64-66 (AL)</p></td>
<td><p>240-260 (GA);</p>
<p>270-285 (AL)</p></td>
<td><p>38/62</p>
<p>70/91</p></td>
<td>Southern floodplain forest.</td>
<td>Forested wetland, deciduous forest, wildlife habitat.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>75j.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Sea Islands / Coastal Marsh</strong></p></td>
<td>1295</td>
<td>Barrier islands, dunes, beaches, lagoons, estuaries, tidal
marshes.</td>
<td><p>0-30</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>5-20</p></td>
<td>Holocene saline marsh deposits of silt, sand, peat, and clay;
Holocene beach and dune sand; Pleistocene beach and near-shore marine
sand.</td>
<td>Inceptisols (Humaquepts), Spodosols (Alorthods, Alaquods), Entisols
(Sulfaquents, Psammaquents, Quartzipsamments)</td>
<td><p>Mandarin, Rutlege, Chipley, Cainhoy; Fripp and Duckston near
beaches;</p>
<p>Bohicket, Capers in tidal marshes.</p></td>
<td>Thermic / Aquic</td>
<td>50-52</td>
<td>260-285</td>
<td><p>39/60</p>
<p>72/90</p></td>
<td>Live oak-sea oats, cordgrass-saltgrass-rushes.</td>
<td>Marsh, forested wetland, evergreen forest, urban, wildlife habitat,
beaches, recreation, fish and shellfish production.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>75k.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Gulf Barrier Islands and Coastal Marshes</strong></p></td>
<td>143</td>
<td>Mobile River delta, tidal marshes, bays, lagoons, barrier islands,
dunes, beaches.</td>
<td><p>0-25</p>
<p>/</p>
<p>5-15</p></td>
<td>Quaternary quartz sand, shell fragments, silt, clay, muck,
peat.</td>
<td>Entisols (Sulfaquents, Psammaquents, Hydraquents, Quartzipsamments),
Histosols (Haplosaprists)</td>
<td>Levy, Lafitte, Axis, Duckston, Fripp, Newhan</td>
<td>Thermic / Aquic</td>
<td>60-64</td>
<td>280-290</td>
<td><p>41/60</p>
<p>72/90</p></td>
<td>Live oak-sea oats, cordgrass-saltgrass-rushes.</td>
<td>Marsh, forested wetland, wildlife habitat, beaches, recreation, fish
and shellfish production, urban.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>