Lighting section

\>\>\> HI, I\'M RON JARNIGIN FROM PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY
AND I'M AST CHAIR OF THE ASHRAE PROJECT COMMITTEE. I\'D LIKE TO WELCOME
YOU TO OUR BROADCAST ON ASHRAE STANDARD 90.1, 1999 AND THIS BROADCAST IS
TITLED STANDARD 90.1 IN MORE DEPTH. THIS IS IN RESPONSE TO THE FEEDBACK
WE HAD FROM YOU LAST YEAR FROM OUR SATELLITE BROADCAST, WHERE YOU ASKED
FOR MORE DETAIL ON THE STANDARD. HOPEFULLY, WE\'LL BE ABLE TO PROVIDE
THAT TO YOU IN THIS SEGMENT. I\'D LIKE TO WELCOME OUR NATIONAL AUDIENCE.
WE HAVE OVER 160 SITES SIGNED UP OUT THERE. GLAD TO HAVE YOU WITH US, AS
WELL AS OUR STUDIO AUDIENCE, WHICH IS BEING PROVIDED BY THE INLAND
EMPIRE CHAPTER OF ASHRAE HERE IN SPOKANE, ALONG WITH SOME OF THEIR
INVITED GUESTS. WE REALLY APPRECIATE YOU GUYS COMING IN TODAY. I\'D LIKE
TO WELCOME OUR PRESENTERS, AND I\'LL BE INTRODUCING THE ONE FOR THIS
SEGMENT IN A MOMENT AND ALSO I\'D LIKE TO THANK OUR SPONSORS, THE
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, ASHRAE, AND THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEER SOCIETY OF
NORTH AMERICA. THE FORMAT IS THREE SEGMENTS, ONE, DEDICATED TO ENVELOPE,
ONE TO MECHANICAL, AND ONE TO LIGHTING. THE TWO PREVIOUS SEGMENTS,
ENVELOPE AND MECHANICAL, WE\'VE ALREADY COMPLETED AND WE\'RE NOW MOVING
INTO THE LIGHTING. THERE WILL BE AN OPPORTUNITY FOR QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS AT THE END OF THIS SEGMENT AND PART OF THE WAY THROUGH THE
BROADCAST AND NEAR THE END. YOU\'LL SEE NUMBERS ON YOUR SCREEN FOR
CALL-IN AND FAX-IN QUESTIONS. WE\'LL TRY TO GET TO AS MANY OF THOSE AS
WE CAN IN THE TIME ALLOTTED WHILE WE\'RE TALKING ABOUT THE 90.1, \'99
STANDARD IN THE PRESENTATION TODAY, I WANT YOU TO REALIZE THAT ASHRAE
HAS JUST RELEASED, AND LITERALLY, HOT OFF THE PRESS HERE, THE 2001
VERSION OF THE STANDARD, WHICH INCLUDES ALL OF THE APPROVED ADDENDA THAT
HAVE BEEN PROCESSED UNDER CONTINUOUS MAINTENANCE. I BELIEVE OUR
PRESENTER WILL BE REFERENCING SOME OF THESE IN HIS PRESENTATION. YOU ARE
PROBABLY GOING TO WANT TO KNOW WHERE TO GET THAT STANDARD AND ON YOUR
SCREEN, YOU SHOULD SEE THE INFORMATION ABOUT THE AVAILABILITY OF THE
STANDARD. YOU CAN PURCHASE THAT AT THE ASHRAE BOOKSTORE THROUGH THE
WEBSITE, OR THEIR CALL-IN NUMBER, WHERE YOU CAN CALL THE SOCIETY AND
ORDER YOUR NEW VERSION OF THE STANDARD. AND BELIEVE ME, THIS IS HOT OFF
THE PRESS. IT ARRIVED HERE A COUPLE HOURS AGO. SO, YOU WANT TO HURRY UP
AND GET YOUR COPIES BEFORE THE FIRST PRINTING RUNS OUT. I MIGHT ALSO
MENTION ONE OF THE THINGS THAT\'S IMPORTANT ABOUT THIS STANDARD IS,
WHERE STATES ARE IN THEIR ADOPTION PROCESS. WE FREQUENTLY GET QUESTIONS
ABOUT THE STANDARD BEING IMPLEMENTED OR ADOPTED BY STATES. YOU SEE ON
THE SCREEN A MAP OF THE UNITED STATES, WITH COLOR CODING. THE LEGEND MAY
BE A BIT DIFFICULT TO READ, BUT THE PURPLE STATES ARE STATES THAT MEET
OR EXCEED THE \'89 VERSION, THE PREVIOUS VERSION. THE RED STATES ARE
THOSE THAT MEET OR EXCEED THE \'99 VERSION AND THOSE INDICATED IN YELLOW
ARE THE STATES THAT ARE CURRENTLY IN THE PROCESS OF ADOPTING. MANY OF
THE STATES THAT HAVE ONLY THE \'89 VERSION REALIZE THAT THE \'99 VERSION
ACTUALLY CAME OUT AND WAS PHYSICALLY AVAILABLE IN EARLY 2000. SO, THEY
MAY BE WORKING IN THAT DIRECTION, ALSO. AND I WANT TO ENCOURAGE ALL OF
THOSE STATES TO MOVE FORWARD, AS WELL AS THOSE STATES SHOWN IN WHITE,
WHO WE DON\'T HAVE INFORMATION ON YET AS TO THEIR STATUS. NOW, I\'D LIKE
TO MOVE TO THE PRESENTER FOR THIS SEGMENT AND WITH US THIS AFTERNOON IS
JOE HALLY FROM GE LIGHTING. JOE SERVED AS A MEMBER OF THE PROJECT
COMMITTEE AND CHAIRED THE LIGHTING SUBCOMMITTEE, SO HE\'S CERTAINLY AN
EXPERT IN THE LIGHTING, AND HE\'S GOING TO TELL YOU ABOUT THE LIGHTING
REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARD 90.1. YES? \>\> THANKS, RON. I\'D LIKE TO
WELCOME EVERYBODY TO THE LIGHTING PORTION OF THE PROGRAM, ESPECIALLY
THOSE MEMBERS JOINING US FOR THE FIRST TIME TODAY. LIGHTING IS IMPORTANT
BECAUSE IT IS SIGNIFICANTLY PART OF BUILDING ENERGY USE. LIGHTING CAN BE
30% TO 40% OF THE ENERGY USE IN A COMMERCIAL BUILDING SUCH AS A STORE,
HOSPITAL OR OFFICE BUILDING. IN ADDITION, THERE HAVE BEEN TREMENDOUS
ADVANCEMENTS IN LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY OVER THE PAST 10 TO 15 YEARS. THESE
NEW TECHNOLOGIES HAVE ALLOWED THE STRINGENCY OF THE 90.1, 1999 STANDARD,
TO INCREASE VERSUS THE 1989 STANDARD. THEREFORE, FROM AN ENERGY SAVING
STANDPOINT, LIGHTING IS A VERY IMPORTANT PART OF 90.1, 1999 STANDARD
WHICH I WILL NOW BEGIN TO REVIEW. IN THE LIGHTING SECTION, WHICH IS
SECTION 9 IN THE STANDARD, I\'M GOING TO COVER FOUR GENERAL AREAS TODAY.
THE FIRST BEING A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE \'89 AND THE \'99 STANDARD. AND
I THINK YOU\'LL FIND THERE\'S SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THESE TWO
STANDARDS IN THE LIGHTING SECTION. SECOND, A REVIEW OF HOW THIS APPLIES
TO EXISTING BUILDINGS. THIRD, AND THE MOST SIGNIFICANT PART OF THE
REVIEW TODAY, IS AN OVERVIEW OF THE \'99 STANDARD. IN THIS, WE\'LL COVER
THE INTERIOR LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS, BOTH FROM A WHOLE BUILDING AND A
SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD. AND ALSO THE EXTERIOR LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS. AND
FINALLY, WE\'LL FINISH IN TALKING ABOUT SOME OF THE MORE SIGNIFICANT
ADDENDA. AS YOU KNOW, THE STANDARD IS NOW UNDER, OR AS YOU MAY KNOW, THE
STANDARD IS UNDER CONTINUOUS MAINTENANCE WITH ADDENDA BEING CONSIDERED
EACH YEAR. FIRST, A COMPARISON OF 1989 VERSUS 1999. IN GENERAL, YOU
SHOULD FIND THE \'99 STANDARD TO BE MUCH EASIER TO USE. IT\'S A MUCH
MORE SIMPLIFIED APPROACH. THE LANGUAGE IS MUCH MORE DIRECT. IT\'S
WRITTEN IN A CODE ENFORCEABLE LANGUAGE. MUCH MORE SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS,
RATHER THAN A LOT OF ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS THAT APPEARED IN THE
\'89 STANDARD. WE\'LL GO THROUGH SOME OF THESE SPECIFIC CHANGES WHICH
MAKE THE STANDARD EASIER TO USE. FIRST OF ALL, THE LIGHTING CONTROL
CREDITS WERE ELIMINATED. IN THE \'89 STANDARD, THERE\'S A WHOLE TABLE OF
CONTROL CREDITS WHEREBY PUTTING VARIOUS DIFFERENT CONTROLS, OCCUPANCY
SENSORS OR DAYLIGHT CONTROLS, YOU GOT VARIOUS CREDITS THAT YOU COULD
APPLY TO THE WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT NUMBER. THESE HAVE BEEN ELIMINATED,
BUT THEY\'VE BEEN REPLACED WITH MANDATORY CONTROL REQUIREMENTS WHICH
APPLY IN CERTAIN SITUATIONS FOR CERTAIN BUILDING TYPES. I\'LL GO INTO
THOSE LATER IN THE PRESENTATION. SECONDLY, CONTROL POINTS FOR SPACES ARE
NO LONGER USED. WE HAD A LOT OF COMMENTS THAT THIS WAS A FAIRLY
CONFUSING ASPECT OF THE \'89 STANDARD TO TRY TO ESTIMATE OR CALCULATE A
VARIETY OF DIFFERENT CONTROL POINTS. SPACES NO LONGER REQUIRE A MINIMUM
NUMBER OF CONTROL POINTS, ALTHOUGH THERE ARE MAXIMUM SQUARE FOOTAGE
REQUIREMENTS IN TERMS OF YOUR CONTROL. THIRD, THE BUILDING AREA
ALLOWANCES NO LONGER DEPEND ON THE SIZE OF THE BUILDING. AGAIN, IN THE
\'89 STANDARD, THERE WERE DIFFERENT WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT NUMBERS,
DEPENDING ON THE OVERALL SIZE OF THE BUILDING. IN THE \'99 STANDARD,
THERE\'S A MUCH MORE COMPLEX MODELING PRODUCER USED THAT TAKES INTO
ACCOUNT THE SPACE REQUIREMENTS AND, THEREFORE, THERE\'S JUST ONE NUMBER
NOW FOR VARIOUS SPACES AND FOR VARIOUS BUILDINGS, NOT DIFFERENT NUMBERS
FOR DIFFERENT-SIZE BUILDINGS. AND FOURTH, ON THE SLIDE IS THE AREA
FACTOR NO LONGER NEEDS TO BE CALCULATED. THIS WAS A FACTOR IN THE \'89
STANDARD WHERE YOU HAD TO CONSIDER THE LENGTH, WIDTH, AND HEIGHT OF
VARIOUS ROOM SPACES, CALCULATING A ROOM CAVITY RATIO. AND YOU HAD TO PUT
THIS INTO THE NUMBER, AS WELL. YOU HAD AN AREA FACTOR WHICH YOU
CALCULATED DEPENDING ON THE HEIGHT OF THE CEILING AND THE CONFIGURATION
OF THE SPACE, WHICH, OF COURSE, AFFECTS THE EFFICIENCY OF THE OVERALL
LIGHTING SYSTEM. THIS IS BUILT INTO MODELING SYSTEM USED IN THE \'99
STANDARD AND IT NO LONGER HAS TO BE CALCULATED. A COUPLE OF OTHER
CHANGES ARE IN THE EXTERIOR LIGHTING POWER AREA. THESE HAVE BEEN
SIMPLIFIED AND TODAY, FOR MOST OF THE GROUND SITTING, THERE IS A MINIMUM
EFFICACY REQUIREMENT, A LUMENS PER WATT SOURCE FOR OUTDOOR LIGHTING
FIXTURES. IN ADDITION, GIVEN THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES THAT WERE CONSIDERED
IN THE \'99 VERSION, WE CAME OUT WITH MORE STRINGENT LIGHTING POWER
REQUIREMENTS. AND THESE ARE BASED ON REAL LIGHTING MODELS, WHICH ALSO
WE\'LL DISCUSS LATER ON. THE NEXT, FOR THE NEXT PART, I\'D LIKE TO TALK
ABOUT HOW LIGHTING ALTERATIONS APPLY TO EXISTING BUILDINGS. PERHAPS MORE
THAN ANY OTHER PART OF THE STANDARD, LIGHTING IS CHANGED MORE
FREQUENTLY. CERTAINLY MORE FREQUENTLY THAN ENVELOPE OR HVAC WITHIN THE
BUILDING. FOR SOME BUILDINGS, LIKE STORES, LIGHTING CHANGES COULD BE
QUITE FREQUENT. AND THE QUESTION WOULD BE, HOW WOULD THE STANDARD APPLY
TO THESE LIGHTING CHANGES? THE MAIN PART TO REMEMBER HERE IS IF YOU\^\--
THE LIGHTING ONLY APPLIES IF YOU ARE REPLACING MORE THAN 50% OF THE
LIGHTING WITHIN A SPACE. SO, IF YOU\'RE JUST DOING SOME MINOR
ALTERATIONS OR FIXING OR CHANGING A FEW FIXTURES, THE STANDARD WOULD NOT
APPLY TO AN EXISTING BUILDING. HOWEVER, IF YOU DO A CHANGE OUT OF THE
COMPLETE LIGHTING SYSTEM, THE CEILING OR VAST MAJORITY OF IT, YOU WOULD
HAVE TO COMPLY WITH THE LIGHTING POWER DENSITY REQUIREMENTS FOR THAT
SPACE. YOU WOULD NOT HAVE TO COMPLY WITH AUTOMATIC CONTROL SHUT-OFF
REQUIREMENTS, BUT ANY NEW CONTROL DEVICES AS DIRECT REPLACEMENTS OF
EXISTING CONTROL DEVICES WOULD HAVE TO MEET THE MAXIMUM SQUARE FOOTAGE
REQUIREMENTS FOR INDIVIDUAL CONTROLS. NOW, I\'D LIKE TO GET INTO THE
BULK OF THE STANDARD FOR LIGHTING SECTION. AND AS THIS PICTURE SHOWS,
YOU CAN SEE THERE COULD BE QUITE A BIT OF ENERGY USED FOR LIGHTING.
THERE\'S A NIGHTTIME SHOT. LIGHTING, YOU MIGHT SAY, IS VISIBLE ENERGY.
AND IT\'S ONE POWER YOU CAN ACTUALLY SEE BEING USED. IN THE LIGHTING
SECTION, THERE ARE THREE MAIN AREAS. GENERAL APPLICATION, MANDATORY
PROVISIONS AND THE PRESCRIPTIVE PATH. THE GENERAL APPLICATION SECTION
COVERS THE INTERIOR SPACES OF BUILDINGS, EXTERIOR BUILDING FEATURES.
EXTERIOR GROUNDS LIGHTING, IF IT IS POWERED THROUGH THE BUILDING POWER
SYSTEM, THERE ARE SEVERAL EXCEPTIONS. THERE\'S EXEMPTIONS FOR EMERGENCY
LIGHTING, FOR LIGHTING REQUIRED BY LIFE SAFETY STATUTE, FOR LIGHTING
WITHIN THE DWELLING, LIGHTING BETWEEN LIVING UNITS OF BUILDINGS, SUCH AS
INDIVIDUAL APARTMENTS IN AN APARTMENT BUILDING. AND FINALLY, DECORATIVE
GAS LIGHTING IS EXEMPT. FIRST, THERE ARE MANDATORY PROVISIONS. THE FIRST
MANDATORY PROVISION DEALS WITH SPACE CONTROL AND, SPECIFICALLY, THE
NUMBER OF CONTROL DEVICES REQUIRED FOR A BUILDING. A SINGLE CONTROL
DEVICE CANNOT CONTROL MORE THAN 2,500 SQUARE FEET IF THE SPACE IS LESS
THAN 10,000 SQUARE FEET. IF THE SPACE IS MORE THAN 10,000 SQUARE FEET,
THERE HAS TO BE A CONTROL DEVICE FOR EACH 10,000 SQUARE FEET OF
LIGHTING. THIS IS TO ADD SOME FLEXIBILITY FOR THE SPACE USE, TO MAKE
SURE THAT THE WHOLE SPACE DOES NOT HAVE TO BE TURNED ON IF, INDEED, ONLY
A CERTAIN PART OF THE BUILDING ARE BEING OCCUPIED AND USED. THE CONTROL
MUST BE ACCESSIBLE AND LOCATED SO OCCUPANTS CAN SEE THE SWITCH AND
CONTROL THE SWITCH. THERE ARE EXCEPTIONS, SUCH AS WHEN REQUIRED FOR
SAFETY AND SECURITY. IF, IN A PUBLIC BUILDING LOBBY OR A BANK BUILDING,
YOU WOULD NOT WANT PEOPLE TO BE ABLE TO TURN OFF THE LIGHTS. AND SO FOR
SAFETY OR SECURITY REASONS, THAT LIGHTING DOES NOT HAVE TO BE READILY
ACCESSIBLE TO THE OCCUPANTS OF THE BUILDING. AND FINALLY, AT LEAST ONE
CONTROL DEVICE FOR EACH ROOM OR SPACE ENCLOSED BY CEILING HEIGHT
PARTITIONS MUST BE MADE AVAILABLE. PROBABLY ONE OF THE MOST SIGNIFICANT
PARTS OF THE STANDARD IS THE REQUIREMENT FOR AUTOMATIC LIGHTING
SHUT-OFF. ESSENTIALLY, THIS REQUIREMENT IS A REQUIREMENT WHERE WE HAVE
TO MAKE SURE THAT THE LIGHTS ARE SHUT OFF WHEN THE BUILDING BECOMES
UNOCCUPIED OR THE SPACE BECOMES UNOCCUPIED. THE APPLIES TO BUILDINGS
GREATER THAN 5,000 SQUARE FEET. THE TWO CHOICES ARE TO EITHER PUT IN A
TIME SCHEDULING DEVICE, SUCH AS A WHOLE BUILDING LIGHTING CONTROLLER, OR
TO PUT IN OCCUPANCY SENSING DEVICES IN INDIVIDUAL SPACES OR ROOMS. THE
WHOLE BUILDING APPROACH OR THE PROGRAMMABLE LIGHTING APPROACH TYPICALLY
WOULD BE USED WHEN THERE\'S KNOWN OR SET OCCUPANCY. THIS WOULD BE WHERE
YOU KNOW THAT EVERYBODY COMES INTO THE SPACE, LET\'S SAY, 8:00 OR 9:00
IN THE MORNING, AND THEN THE SPACE IS, PEOPLE LEAVE AT THE END OF THE
DAY, SAY, AT 5:00. AND IN THIS CASE, YOU CAN PROGRAM IN A TIMING OF WHEN
THE LIGHTS ARE TO COME ON AND TO COME OFF. IT WORKS WELL IN RETAIL
SPACES, AS WELL. WHERE YOU HAVE THINGS SUCH AS SMALL OFFICES OR
CONFERENCE ROOMS, OR EVEN REST ROOMS WHERE THE OCCUPANCY IS NOT KNOWN,
YOU DON\'T KNOW WHEN IT\'S GOING TO BE USED OR NOT USED, OCCUPANCY
SENSORS TEND TO WORK BETTER. THERE ARE MANY VARIETIES OF OCCUPANCY
SENSORS IN USE TODAY. THIS TECHNOLOGY HAS BEEN FAIRLY PROVEN, BOTH
INFRARED AND ULTRASONIC DEVICES ARE AVAILABLE, EITHER CEILING OR
WALL-MOUNTED DEVICES. FOR EXTERIOR LIGHTING, YOU ALSO HAVE TO MAKE SURE
THAT THE LIGHTS ARE TURNED OFF WHEN THERE\'S SUFFICIENT DAYLIGHT
AVAILABLE. IN MOST CASES, THIS WOULD BE ACCOMPLISHED THROUGH PHOTO CELLS
OR, IN SOME CASES, ASTRONOMICAL TIME SWITCH REQUIREMENTS. IN TERMS OF
THE TIME SWITCH REQUIREMENTS, THOSE WOULD HAVE TO BE SEVEN-DAY
ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN MECHANICAL CLOCKS, THE TRIPPERS, DIAL, STORAGE, OR
SEVEN-DAY OR CALENDAR YEAR PROGRAMMABLE TIME SWITCHES WITH ASTRONOMIC
BATTERY BACKUP. IN MOST CASES, PEOPLE WILL USE THE PHOTO CELL VERSUS THE
MORE COMPLICATED SWITCH CONTROLLERS TO TRACK BASICALLY THE TIME OF THE
YEAR AND TO TRACK WHEN THERE\'S DAYLIGHT AND WHEN THERE\'S NOT DAYLIGHT.
THERE ARE SOME EXEMPTIONS TO THIS REQUIREMENT. FOR INSTANCE, COVERED
VEHICLE ENTRANCES ARE EXEMPTED FROM THE REQUIREMENT. ALSO, EXITS FROM
BUILDINGS OR PARKING STRUCTURES, WHERE REQUIRED FOR SAFETY, SECURITY OR
EYE ADAPTATION. IN MANY CASES, IF YOU\'RE DRIVING IN FROM THE BRIGHT
SUNLIGHT OUTDOORS, YOU WANT TO HAVE SOME LIGHTING IMMEDIATELY IN THE
ENTRANCE TO THAT GARAGE, EVEN THOUGH IT\'S DAYLIGHT, SIMPLY TO ADAPT THE
EYE DOWN FROM THE BRIGHT DAYLIGHT DOWN INTO THE LOW LEVELS FOUND WITHIN
THE PARKING GARAGE. AND THERE ARE ADDITIONAL OR SEPARATE CONTROL
REQUIREMENTS FOR MANY SPECIAL APPLICATIONS. HERE, YOU SEE SOME OF THESE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THINGS SUCH AS DISPLAY AND ACCENT LIGHTING, CASE
LIGHTING, HOTEL, MOTEL GUEST ROOM LIGHTING, TASK LIGHTING, NON-VISUAL
LIGHTING AND DEMONSTRATION LIGHTING. FOR THE DISPLAY AND ACCENT
LIGHTING, AND CASE LIGHTING, THE IDEA IS THESE SHOULD BE CONTROLLED
SEPARATELY, SO THAT, FOR INSTANCE, IN A RETAIL STORE, YOU WOULD NOT HAVE
TO TURN ON ALL THE ACCENT LIGHTING, IN THE CASE LIGHTING, BEFORE IT WAS
REQUIRED. WHICH IS, BEFORE THE CUSTOMERS ENTER THE STORE. SO YOU CAN
GIVE THE WORKERS AN HOUR OR SO EARLIER, ONLY PUT ON THE GENERAL
LIGHTING, AND THEN HAVE THE CASE AND ACCENT LIGHTING SEPARATELY
SWITCHED. IN THE CASE OF THE HOTEL AND MOTEL GUEST ROOM LIGHTING, IT\'S
ALSO AN INTERESTING REQUIREMENT. THIS IS A REQUIREMENT THAT WOULD
REQUIRE YOU TO PLACE ONE SWITCH IN THE ROOM AT THE EXIT TO THE ROOM,
WHEREBY WHEN YOU COULD HIT THE SWITCH, AND IT COULD CYCLE THROUGH ALL
THE SWITCHED PLUG LOADS, OR THE PERMANENT LIGHTING FIXTURES BETWEEN
SPACE AND TURN THEM OFF. THE IDEA ALSO WOULD BE AS YOU ENTERED THE HOTEL
ROOM, WHEN YOU HIT THAT SWITCH ON, IT WOULDN\'T TURN ALL THE LIGHTS ON,
IT WOULD PERHAPS TURN THE ONE LIGHT ON NEAR THE DOOR, AND YOU COULD GO
THROUGH THE HOTEL ROOM, PERHAPS, THROUGH YOUR STAY AND TURN ON OTHER
LIGHTS AS NEEDED. BUT THEN WHEN YOU\'RE EXITING, YOU CAN HIT THAT ONE
SWITCH AND HAVE ALL THE LIGHTS TURN OFF. THIS IS BECAUSE STUDIES HAVE
SHOWN THAT MOST PEOPLE WILL, WHEN THEY LEAVE A HOTEL ROOM, THEY DON\'T
TURN OFF MOST OF THE LIGHTS. AS YOU\'RE EXITING THE ROOM, WE\'VE ALL
BEEN THERE, YOU LOOK AROUND THE ROOM, YOU SEE FIVE OR SIX LIGHTS ON, BUT
YOU HAVE YOUR LUGGAGE, YOU\'RE READY TO LEAVE, AND YOU SIMPLY DON\'T
BOTHER TO GO BACK IN AND TURN ALL THE LIGHTS OFF. SO THERE\'S A LOT OF
POWER USED THERE BETWEEN WHEN THE LIGHTS ARE TURNED OFF AND WHEN THE
MAID COMES IN TO CLEAN UP THE ROOM AND ENDS UP TURNING OFF ALL THE
INDIVIDUAL LIGHTS AT THAT POINT. SO, THIS IS PROBABLY THE MOST
INTERESTING REQUIREMENT OF THE SPECIALTY CONTROLS. THE NEXT SECTION
WE\'RE GETTING INTO, TANDEM WIRING. THE FIRST QUESTION MAY BE, WHAT IS
TANDEM WIRING? THERE IS A TANDEM WIRING REQUIREMENT FOR ONE LAMP OR
THREE-LAMP FIXTURES WHEN THEY\'RE WITHIN TEN FEET OF EACH OTHER, AS
MEASURED CENTER TO CENTER. TANDEM WIRING IS WHERE WE SHARE A BALLAST
WITH TWO SEPARATE FIXTURES. WE HAVE TWO THREE-LAMP FIXTURES HERE. IN ONE
OF THE FIRST FIXTURES, THERE ARE TWO BALLASTS, AND IN THE SECOND, THERE
ARE ONE. THIS IS COMMON OF THE OLDER ELECTROMAGNETIC BALLASTS FOUND IN
MANY BUILDINGS TODAY. IN THIS PARTICULAR CASE, ONE OF THE TWO LAMP
BALLASTS IS OPERATING THE CENTER LAMP FROM THE FIRST FIXTURE AND THE
SECOND FIXTURE. THE EASON FOR THIS REQUIREMENT IS THAT THEY DRAW JUST AS
MUCH ENERGY AS TWO-LAMP BALLASTS IN THE OLD DESIGN. AND, THEREFORE, THIS
ALLOWS US TO USE ONE LESS BALLAST AND USE SLIGHTLY LESS WATTAGE FOR THE
REQUIREMENTS. THERE ARE MANY EXCEPTIONS FOR THE TANDEM WIRING. IF YOU
HAVE SEPARATE SURFACE FIXTURES OR PENDANTS, THESE ARE NOT REQUIRED TO BE
TANDEM WIRED. IF THEY ARE MORE THAN TEN FEET APART, TYPICALLY THE
BALLASTS HAVE A HARD TIME STARTING THE LAMP IF THERE IS A LONG STARTING
DISTANCE. ALSO, FIXTURES WITH THREE-LAMP BALLASTS, ON EMERGENCY LIGHTING
CIRCUITS, WHERE THERE\'S NO AVAILABLE PAIR, THESE ARE, THE COMMITTEE
FELT, THAT IT WAS NECESSARY TO PUT ON SEPARATE EXEMPTIONS. YOU WOULD NOT
HAVE ANY OTHER FIXTURE TO TANDEM WIRE IT TO. AND THEN, FINALLY, THERE\'S
AN EXEMPTION FOR HIGH-FREQUENCY BALLASTS. MOST ARE GOING THROUGH THE
ELECTRONIC, AND THIS GIVES YOU ANOTHER INCENTIVE TO GO TO THE ELECTRONIC
BY HAVING AN EXEMPTION TO THE TANDEM WIRING REQUIREMENT FOR USE OF
ELECTRONIC BALLASTS. THE NEXT MANDATORY PROVISION HAD TO DO WITH EXIT
SIGNS. EXIT SIGNS WHICH OPERATE OVER 20 WATTS MUST HAVE A SOURCE
EFFICACY OF OVER 35 LUMENS PER WATT. GENERALLY, WHAT THIS MEANS IS THAT
YOU\'LL FIND THAT LED EXIT SIGNS USING LED LAMPS WILL MEET THE
REQUIREMENTS, BECAUSE THEY OPERATE LESS THAN 20 WATTS. THEY WOULD NOT
HAVE A GREATER THAN 35 LUMENS PER WATT, THEY WOULD MEET IT BECAUSE
THEY\'RE LESS THAN 30, LESS THAN 20 WATTS IN TOTAL. COMPACT FLUORESCENT
LAMPS TYPICALLY WILL MEET THE STANDARD BECAUSE THEY HAVE GREATER THAN 35
LUMENS PER WATT. AND THAT\'S THE SYSTEM. AND FINALLY, THE MAJORITY OF
THE LESS EXPENSIVE INCANDESCENT EXIT SIGNS WOULD NOT MEET THIS
REQUIREMENT. THE REASON THAT THE LED EXIT, THE REASON THAT THE CODE WAS
WRITTEN THIS WAY IS LED LAMPS IN AND OF THEMSELVES TODAY ARE NOT VERY
EFFICIENT, BUT THEY HAVE A VERY HIGH LUMINESCENCE. THEY\'RE VERY GOOD
HIGH FOR SIGNAGE, BUT THEY DON\'T GENERATE A LOT OF LUMENS, SO IT WOULD
BE DIFFICULT TO LIGHT A ROOM WITH LED LIGHTS. ALTHOUGH IF YOU DON\'T USE
MUCH POWER, YOU CAN SEE THEM FROM A LONG DISTANCE, SO THEY MAKE AN IDEAL
APPLICATION FOR A TRAFFIC SIGNAL LIGHT OR ANY KIND OF SIGNAGE. NOW,
I\'VE USED THE TERM \"EFFICACY\" IN SEVERAL OF THE SLIDES, AND I\'D LIKE
TO JUST DESCRIBE WHAT THAT MEANS. A LOT OF PEOPLE USE THE TERM
EFFICIENCY. IT\'S VERY SIMILAR. BASICALLY, IN LIGHTING, WE USE EFFICACY
TO DESCRIBE THE RATIO OF LIGHT OUTPUT TO WATTS INPUT. OR, LUMENS PER
WATT. THE HIGHER THE EFFICACY, THE MORE EFFICIENT THE LIGHT SOURCE. FOR
INSTANCE, WITH OUR INCANDESCENT SOURCES, 40 WATT GENERATES 495 LUMENS,
WHICH IS AROUND 12 OR 10 LUMENS PER WATT. BUT A 40 WATT FLUORESCENT FOR
THE SAME AMOUNT OF POWER, YOU GET MUCH HIGHER LUMENS. HERE, 3150 LUMENS,
WHICH IS CLOSE TO 80 LUMENS PER WATT. SO, IT\'S QUITE A JUMP IN EFFICACY
OR EFFICIENCY. TYPICALLY, THE TERM EFFICACY IS USED WHERE YOU ARE
COMPARING DISSIMILAR UNITS. SO HERE WE HAVE LUMENS PER WATT. IF YOU\'RE
COMPARING SIMILAR UNITS, WE USE EFFICIENCY. BUT THEY\'RE DESCRIBING
SIMILAR THINGS. NOW, MOVING INTO HOW YOU DETERMINE POWER. FIRST OF ALL,
A QUESTION MIGHT BE, WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE INSTALLED INTERIOR LIGHTING
POWER? THIS INCLUDES ALL PERMANENT AND PORTABLE INTERIOR LIGHTING
INTENDED FOR GENERAL AMBIENT AND TASK ILLUMINATION. THEREFORE, IF
YOU\'RE DOING A LIGHTING SPECIFICATION AND IT\'S ON THE PLAN, EVEN IF
IT\'S FURNITURE-MOUNTED EQUIPMENT, IF IT\'S INTENDED TO SUPPLY THE
GENERAL LIGHTING, THIS WOULD BE INCLUDED WITHIN THE LIGHTING POWER
BUDGET. IT INCLUDES THE LAMP AND INCLUDES THE BALLAST FOR FIXTURES THAT
HAVE THEM, AND PERHAPS CONTROLS THE CURRENT REGULATORS, WHERE
APPLICABLE. THERE ARE EXCEPTIONS TO THIS. MOST NOTABLY, ONE OF THE
EXCEPTIONS ARE FOR SYSTEMS THAT ARE DESIGNED TO OPERATE INDEPENDENTLY.
IF TWO OR MORE INDEPENDENTLY OPERATED LIGHTING SYSTEMS CAN BE CONTROLLED
TO PREVENT SIMULTANEOUS OPERATION, THEN THE BASE LIGHTING POWER SYSTEM
WILL BE CONSIDERED THAT WITH THE HIGHEST WATTAGE. SO, FOR INSTANCE, IF
YOU HAVE A MULTIPURPOSE ROOM IN A HOTEL THAT HAS AN INCANDESCENT SYSTEM,
AS WELL AS FLUORESCENT, AS LONG AS THEY\'RE INTERLOCKED SO ONLY ONE
SYSTEM CAN BE OPERATED AT ONE TIME, THEN YOU ONLY HAVE TO CONSIDER THE
WATTAGE OF THE SYSTEM USING THE HIGHEST MOUNT OF ENERGY. ANOTHER
INTERESTING QUESTION IS, HOW DO YOU DETERMINE LUMINARY WATTAGE? IF YOU
ASK THIS QUESTION TO A CODE COMMITTEE, YOU CAN GET INTO VERY LONG
DISCUSSIONS ON THIS, WHICH IS WHAT WE HAD ON THIS PARTICULAR ISSUE. THE
FINAL DISCUSSION ON THIS LED TO THE FOLLOWING FIVE DIFFERENT WAYS TO
CONSIDER WATTAGE BETWEEN LIGHTING SYSTEM. FIRST IS STANDARD INCANDESCENT
FIXTURES SHALL BE THE MAXIMUM LABELED WATTAGE OF THE LUMINAIRE. THEY
SHALL BE THE WATTAGE OF THE LAMP AND THE BALLAST IN COMBINATION. THE
THIRD ONE IS ONE OF THE MORE INTERESTING ONES. WITH LINED VOLTAGE TRACK,
YOU\'RE ALLOWED A MINIMUM OF 30 WATTS, OR YOU HAVE TO CONSIDER THAT YOU
USE A MINIMUM OF 30 WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT. THE REASON FOR THIS
REQUIREMENT IS WE DIDN\'T WANT DESIGNS GOING IN THAT PERHAPS HAD MANY
FEET, MANY HUNDREDS OF FEET, LET\'S SAY, OF TRACK LIGHTING WITH ONLY A
FEW TRACK HEADS SPECIFIED ON THE SYSTEM. WE ALL KNOW THAT, SOONER OR
LATER, THAT SYSTEM WILL HAVE MORE AND MORE LIGHTING HEADS APPLIED TO IT.
AND, THEREFORE, TO MINIMIZE THE USE OF A LOT OF TRACK AND THEREFORE A
LOT OF POTENTIAL FOR A LOT OF LAMPS TO BE ADDED LATER, YOU HAVE TO
CONSIDER THAT AT LEAST 30 WATTS PER FOOT ARE USED WHEN YOU\'RE
INSTALLING TRACK LIGHTING. FOR LOW VOLTAGE LIGHTING SYSTEMS, TRACK
LIGHTING SYSTEMS, IT\'S THE WATTAGE OF THE TRANSFORMER, WHICH IS THE
MAXIMUM RATING FOR THAT SYSTEM, AND FOR ALL OTHER LIGHTING SYSTEMS, IT
IS AS SPECIFIED. \>\> JOE, A COUPLE OF QUESTIONS RELATED TO THE POWER
USE CALCULATION THAT MAYBE WILL CLARIFY FOR ME AND SOME OF THE
LISTENERS. IF WE\'VE GOT A 60 WATT INCANDESCENT DOWN LIGHT THAT WE\'RE
USING IN A SPACE, IS 60 WATTS THE POWER THAT I ACCOUNT FOR IN THE POWER
CALCULATION? \>\> WELL, IT\'S A GOOD QUESTION, RON. IT MAY OR MAY NOT
BE. IT DEPENDS ON WHAT THE FIXTURE CAN TAKE, IN TERMS OF THE MAXIMUM
WATTAGE RATING, IF YOU\'RE TALKING ABOUT AN INCANDESCENT LAMP WITH A
MEDIUM SCREW BASE. THE REASON FOR THIS REQUIREMENT IS THAT FIXTURES THAT
HAVE MEDIUM SCREW BASE SOCKETS IN THEM CAN ACCOMMODATE A LOT OF
DIFFERENT LAMP TYPES. AND SO THE COMMITTEE CAN ENVISION THOUGH YOU
SPECIFY A 60 WATT A-LINE, IF THAT FIXTURE CAN HANDLE 150 WATT A-LINE
LAMP, THE IDEA IS THAT AT SOME POINT DOWN THE LINE, THE MAINTENANCE
DEPARTMENT WILL REPLACE THAT 60 WATT WITH A 75 OR 100 OR PERHAPS 150 OR
WHATEVER IS AVAILABLE. AND IN A SENSE, IT\'S TRYING TO DISCOURAGE A LOT
OF A-LINE DOWN LIGHT BULBS IN COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS, GIVEN THAT YOU
HAVE THIS ABILITY TO GREATLY INCREASE THE WATTAGE. \>\> IF THE FIXTURE
HAS A RATING OF 60 WATTS, IF THAT\'S THE MAXIMUM RATING, WOULD YOU USE
THE 60 WATTS AS THE WATTAGE FOR THAT FIXTURE? \>\> SO TO CLARIFY, IT\'S
THE WATTAGE OF THE FIXTURE THAT\'S GOING TO GOVERN WHAT YOU USE IN THE
CALCULATION, AS OPPOSED TO THE BULB THAT YOU MAY SPECIFY? \>\> RIGHT.
\>\> HOW ABOUT, YOU TALKED A BIT ABOUT EXIT SIGNS THERE. AND HOW ABOUT
THE EXIT SIGN WATTAGE? IS THAT INCLUDED IN THE LIGHTING POWER
CALCULATION, ALSO? \>\> NO, THAT EXIT SIGN REQUIREMENT APPLIES TO THE
EFFICIENCY OF THE EXIT SIGN. BUT THE EXIT SIGN IS NOT CONSIDERED AS
PROVIDING ANY MEANINGFUL LIGHT TO LIGHT THE SPACE. OF COURSE, THE
BUILDING WATTAGE REQUIREMENTS THAT WE\'RE TALKING ABOUT HAVE TO DO WITH
THE LIGHTING NECESSARY TO PROVIDE MEANINGFUL LIGHTING WITHIN THE SPACE.
SO, EXIT SIGNS ARE NOT CONSIDERED AS PART OF THE OVERALL WATTAGE WITHIN
THE SPACE. \>\> GREAT, THANKS. \>\> THANKS, RON. IN ADDITION, THERE ARE
SEVERAL LIGHTING POWER EXEMPTIONS BESIDE THE EXIT SIGN THAT WE\'VE JUST
TALKED ABOUT. LIGHTING IS USED IN PRACTICALLY EVERY APPLICATION, AND
THERE\'S ALL KINDS OF UNIQUE AND SPECIAL APPLICATIONS IN LIGHTING. MANY
OF THESE ARE VERY HARD TO PUT BUDGETS ON. EVEN SUCH AS THE STUDIO THAT
WE\'RE IN RIGHT HERE TODAY. A VERY SPECIALIZED LIGHTING SYSTEM IS SET UP
HERE. AND THIS WOULD BE EXEMPTED FROM THE LIGHTING POWER DENSITY
REQUIREMENTS. ALSO SPECIAL MEDICAL OR DENTAL PROCEDURES. MONUMENTS,
MUSEUM OR GALLERY EXHIBITS ARE EXEMPTED. PLANT GROWTH OR MAINTENANCE
TYPE LIGHTING. EQUIPMENT LIGHTING OR INSTRUMENTATION INSTALLED BY THE
MANUFACTURER, JUST BASICALLY LIGHTING THAT COMES WITHIN A SPECIFIC PIECE
OF EQUIPMENT. REFRIGERATOR OR FREEZER CASES ARE EXEMPT. RETAIL DISPLAY
WINDOWS, REGISTERED HISTORIC LANDMARKS, ADVERTISING OR DIRECTIONAL
SIGNAGE, EXIT SIGNS, YOU SEE THERE LISTED. SALE OR LIGHTING EDUCATIONAL
DEMONSTRATION SYSTEMS. IF YOU\'RE LIGHTING A DEMONSTRATION ROOM WHERE
YOU\'RE SELLING LIGHTING EQUIPMENT, THIS WOULD NOT HAVE TO COMPLY.
ATHLETIC PLAYING AREAS WITH PERMANENT FACILITIES FOR TV BROADCASTING IS
INTERESTING. THERE\'S A LOT OF GYMNASIUMS IN MANY SCHOOLS, AND MANY OF
THEM JUST HAVE STANDARD LIGHTING SYSTEMS THAT WOULD NEED TO COMPLY WITH
THE CODE. BUT IF THERE IS SPECIAL EQUIPMENT THERE FOR TELEVISION
BROADCAST, THEY REQUIRE MUCH GREATER LIGHT LEVEL FOR THOSE APPLICATIONS,
AND THESE ARE EXEMPT. CASINO GAMING AREAS, FOR OUR FRIENDS IN NEVADA AND
I GUESS MANY OTHER STATES THESE DAYS. AND SPACES THAT ARE SPECIFICALLY
DESIGNED FOR USE FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED. OBVIOUSLY, FOR CERTAIN
APPLICATIONS, YOU HAVE TO PROVIDE MUCH HIGHER LIGHT LEVELS FOR SEEING
AND VISIBILITY IN THOSE CASES. NOW, I\'D LIKE TO GET INTO A SPECIFIC
EXAMPLE OF HOW TO CALCULATE THE LIGHTING WATTAGE OF A ROOM AS WE JUST
WENT THROUGH. IT SEEMS SIMPLE WHEN YOU ASK THE QUESTION, WHAT IS THE
WATTAGE? AND THIS IS A DIFFERENT KIND OF WATTAGE. THIS IS A WATTAGE FOR
CODE COMPLIANCE PURPOSES, AS OPPOSED TO, SAY, THE WATTAGE YOU MIGHT
CALCULATE FOR RUNNING YOUR WIRES OR YOUR POWER REQUIREMENTS, OR EVEN AS
OPPOSED TO WHAT THE ACTUAL WATTAGE DRAW YOU PUT A METER ON THE SYSTEM
WOULD BE. THIS IS THE WATTAGE THAT WE WOULD WANT TO CONSIDER FOR
COMPLYING WITH THE CODE. SO, HERE WE HAVE A SYSTEM WHERE LET\'S SAY WE
HAVE 82x4 FLUORESCENT FIXTURES. EACH CONTAINS THREE FOUR-LAMPS, AND EACH
LAMP IS RATED AT 32 WATTS. WE HAVE ONE THREE-LAMP ELECTRONIC BALLAST
WITHIN THIS FIXTURE. AND THE BALLAST INPUT SYSTEM IS 90 WATTS. SECONDLY,
THERE\'S ANOTHER SYSTEM IN THE SPACE, CONSISTING OF SIX INCANDESCENT
DOWN LIGHTS. THE LAMPS AS SPECIFIED OR 60 WATT A-LINES WITH A MEDIUM
SCREW BASE. HOWEVER, THE MAXIMUM LABELED WATTAGE OF THAT FIXTURE IS 75
WATTS. AND THEN FINALLY, WE HAVE 16 FEET OF LINE VOLTAGE TRACK. IT\'S
SPECIFIED WITH FIVE TRACK HEADS. AND EACH OF THE TRACK HEADS IS
SPECIFIED IN 90-WATT HALOGEN PART LAMP. THE QUESTION IS, AGAIN FOR CODE
COMPLIANCE PURPOSES, WHAT IS THE WATTAGE OF THIS SYSTEM? AND I PUT DOWN
HERE, PERHAPS, THE WRONG WAY, OR MAYBE A WAY THAT PEOPLE WOULD SEEM TO
EASIEST WAY TO TRY TO DETERMINE WATTAGE, AND FINALLY THE RIGHT WAY FROM
A CODE COMPLIANCE STANDPOINT. PERHAPS AN EXAMPLE OF THE WRONG WAY WOULD
BE TO TAKE THE EIGHT FIXTURES TIMES THE THREE LAMPS TIMES THE 32 WATTS
PER LAMP, AND SAY, WELL, THAT\'S THE WATTAGE RATING OF THE LAMP. SEEMS
TO MAKE SENSE. BUT THERE\'S A FLUORESCENT LAMP WITH A BALLAST IN IT. IF
YOU TAKE IT TIMES LAMPS TIMES WATTS PER LAMP, YOU\'D GET 768 WATTS. THE
SECOND THING THAT SEEMS LIKE IT WOULD BE OBVIOUS IS TAKE THE SIX DOWN
LIGHTS TIMES THE 60 WATTS, 360 WATTS. AND THEN FINALLY, TAKE THE FIVE
TRACK HEADS TIMES THE 90 WATTS PER HALOGEN POWER LAMP AND YOU GET 450
WATTS. YOU MIGHT SAY, THIS IS EASY. THE WATTAGE IS 1,578 WATTS. IS THAT
CORRECT? WELL, THE ANSWER WOULD BE NO. FROM A CODE STANDPOINT, THAT
WOULDN\'T BE THE WAY TO FIGURE THE WATTAGE. AND IN THIS PARTICULAR CASE,
THE RIGHT WAY TO FIGURE THE WATTAGE WOULD BE TO TAKE THE EIGHT FIXTURES
TIMES THE 90 BALLAST INPUT WATTS. AND, TODAY, THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT
TYPES OF ELECTRONIC BALLASTS AVAILABLE. SOME OF THEM UNDER DRIVE THE
LAMP, SOME OVERDRIVE THE LAMP. THIS IS WHY IT\'S CRITICAL TO DETERMINE
WHAT IS THE WATTAGE INPUT OF THAT BALLAST. SECONDLY, YOU TAKE YOUR SIX
DOWN LIGHTS, BUT BECAUSE YOU CHOSE TO USE A MEDIUM SCREW-BASE TYPE OF
FIXTURE, YOU HAVE TO CONSIDER THE LABELED WATTAGE OF THAT FIXTURE, WHICH
IN THIS CASE IS 75 WATTS. AND THEREFORE, A CODE COMPLIANCE STANDPOINT,
YOU WOULD HAVE TO ASSUME IT\'S 450 WATTS. AND THEN FINALLY, FOR 16 FEET
OF TRACK, YOU\'D MULTIPLY THIS TIMES YOUR 30 WATTS PER FOOT. AND TO
DETERMINE, YOU\'D HAVE TO USE 480 WATTS. NOW, IN THIS CASE, IF THERE
WAS, SAY, SIX TRACK HEADS SPECIFIED, AND SIX TIMES 90 WOULD BE 540
WATTS, YOU WOULD ACTUALLY HAVE TO USE THE 540, OR YOU\'D HAVE TO USE THE
HIGHER OF EITHER THE MINIMUM TRACK SPECIFIED OR THE TOTAL NUMBER OF
FIXTURES THAT YOU SPECIFIED IF THAT WATTAGE, IF THE ACTUAL SPECIFIED
WATTAGE IS HIGHER THAN THAT 30 WATTS PER FOOT. SO, IN THIS CASE, IT\'S
1650. AND THIS MAY SEEM LIKE A SMALL DIFFERENCE, BUT AS YOU GO THROUGH A
BUILDING, THIS IS ONE SMALL ROOM, THIS COULD START TO ADD UP AND CREATE
A DIFFERENCE. AND ALSO, PERHAPS, CAUSE A SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT DESIGN OR
SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT FIXTURE SELECTION AS YOU GO THROUGH THIS. NOW, WE
JUST DISCUSSED THE WATTAGE, AND NOW WE\'RE GOING TO MOVE INTO WHAT THE
WATTAGE LIMIT IS. OBVIOUSLY, AFTER YOU DETERMINE THE WATTAGE OF WHAT IS
USED IN THE BUILDING, YOU HAVE TO DETERMINE IF YOU MEET THE CODE LIMIT.
AND THERE\'S TWO WAYS TO DO THIS, EITHER USING THE BUILDING AREA METHOD
OR USING A SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD. THE BUILDING AREA METHOD IS THE
SIMPLEST APPROACH. AND THIS IS FOR PROJECTS INVOLVING AN ENTIRE
BUILDING, NEW CONSTRUCTION, A SINGLE INDEPENDENT OR SEPARATE OCCUPANCY
IN A MULTI-OCCUPANCY BUILDING. SO, LET\'S SAY YOU HAVE A FOUR-STORY
BUILDING WITH THE FIRST FLOOR AS RETAIL AND THE TOP FIVE FLOORS ARE ALL
OFFICE, YOU COULD USE THE WHOLE BUILDING APPROACH FOR THIS. THE RETAIL
WHOLE BUILDING APPROACH FOR THE FIRST FLOOR, AND THE OFFICE WHOLE
BUILDING NUMBER FOR THE UPPER FLOORS. THERE IS A TABLE LISTED AND YOU
SELECT A REASONABLY, OR IF\^\-- THERE ARE MANY BUILDING TYPES LISTED,
BUT IF YOUR BUILDING TYPE IS NOT LISTED, YOU COULD SELECT A EQUIVALENT
BUILDING TYPE, AND YOU MULTIPLY THE GROSS LIGHTED AREA BY THE ALLOWANCE
GIVEN. AND I\'LL TALK ABOUT THIS A LITTLE BIT MORE. THE FIRST QUESTION
MIGHT BE, WHAT IS THE GROSS LIGHTED AREA? HOW YOU DETERMINE THAT? AND
THAT\'S THE SUM OF THE TOTAL LIGHTED AREA OF THE BUILDING, AND THIS
WOULD BE MEASURED FROM THE EXTERIOR FACES OF THE EXTERIOR WALLS TO THE
CENTER LINE OF THE INTERIOR WALLS, WHERE THE WALLS SEPARATING BUILDINGS
OR SPACES ARE USED IN THE BUILDING AREA METHOD OF DETERMINING INTERIOR
LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCE. ALSO, THE GROSS LIGHTED AREA ALSO IS USED IN
THE SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD, AS WELL. BUT FOR EACH INDIVIDUAL SPACE,
SOMETHING VERY SIMILAR IS USED. NOW, THERE IS A WHOLE TABLE OF WATTS PER
SQUARE FOOT FOR DIFFERENT BUILDING TYPES. AND, THE QUESTION WE OFTEN GET
IS, HOW IS THIS ARRIVED AT? NOW, IN THE \'89 STANDARD, THESE NUMBERS
WERE ARRIVED AT BY CONSENSUS. SO, A LOT OF LIGHTING PRACTITIONERS WHO
WERE FAMILIAR WITH LIGHTING DESIGN, AS WELL AS OTHER INTERESTED PARTIES,
SAT AROUND AND DEVELOPED A PROFESSIONAL CONSENSUS AS TO WHAT THE WATTS
PER SQUARE FOOT SHOULD BE FOR VARIOUS BUILDING TYPES. IN THE \'99
VERSION, WE DECIDED TO MODIFY THAT QUITE SUBSTANTIALLY, AND WE PUT IN
PLACE A MUCH MORE RIGOROUS PROCESS WHERE WE LITERALLY WENT OUT AND WE
MODELED MANY DIFFERENT BUILDING TYPES. WE FIRST WENT AND GOT A LOT OF
NEW CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS TO MODEL THIS ON BUILDINGS THAT WERE BEING
BUILT TODAY OF ALL DIFFERENT TYPES. HOSPITALS AND CHURCHES AND POLICE
STATIONS AND OFFICE BUILDINGS AND ON AND ON. WE WENT THROUGH THESE
VARIOUS TYPES AND WE ACTUALLY DID TAKEOFFS AND DETERMINED WHAT DIFFERENT
TYPES OF SPACES WERE IN EACH OF THESE BUILDING TYPES, AS CURRENTLY BEING
DESIGNED. AND THEN WE APPLIED LIGHTING DESIGNS TO EACH OF THESE VARIOUS
SPACES. WE RACKED THIS ALL UP BY USING CURRENT PERFORMANCE DATA OF THE
CURRENTLY AVAILABLE EQUIPMENT. WE UPDATED EFFICIENCY AND LIGHT LOSS
FACTORS WITHIN THIS MODEL. AND WE APPLIED RECOMMENDED LIGHT LEVELS,
ALONG WITH PROFESSIONAL LIGHTING DESIGN CONSENSUS. THIS WAS ALL WRAPPED
INTO A MODEL, AND THE MODEL ITSELF PRODUCED A WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT. SO,
IN THE \'99 STANDARD, THIS IS BASED ON ACTUAL LIGHTING DESIGNS THAT WERE
DEVELOPED AND CONCEIVED FOR THESE VARIOUS BUILDINGS. SO THERE\'S A LOT
OF RIGOROUS WORK THAT WENT BEHIND IT TO MAKE SURE THESE WATTS PER SQUARE
FOOT NUMBERS INDEED COULD BE MET WITH PROPER LIGHTING DESIGN. AND OUT OF
THAT MODEL, MODELING SYSTEM, CAME THE VARIOUS WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT
LIMITS. AND YOU SEE SOME OF THEM LISTED HERE. THE LIST IN THE STANDARD
IS MUCH LONGER. BUT HERE\'S SOME OF THE MORE COMMON SPACES. A HOSPITAL
AT 1.6 WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT, A LIBRARY AT 1.5 WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT,
MANUFACTURING AT 2.2, MUSEUM AT 1.6, OFFICE AT 1.3, A PARKING GARAGE AT
0.3, OBVIOUSLY NEEDING MUCH LOWER LIGHTING LEVELS. RETAIL AT 1.9, AND A
SCHOOL AT 1.5. USING THE WHOLE BUILDING METHOD, WE HAVE ANOTHER EXAMPLE
SHOWN HERE OF HOW YOU WOULD USE THIS TO DETERMINE IF YOU COMPLIED. SO,
IN THIS EXAMPLE, WE HAVE AN OFFICE BUILDING OF SIX FLOORS, OUTSIDE
DIMENSIONS, 200 BY 350. THE OFFICE BUILDING POWER ALLOWANCE, WE WOULD
LOOK ON OUR TABLE BETWEEN STANDARDS AND WE\'D FIND IT\'S 1.3 WATTS PER
SQUARE FOOT FOR THE BUILDING. THE SOLUTION IS A FAIRLY SIMPLE ONE, AND
THIS IS OBVIOUSLY THE EASIEST WAY TO COMPLY. YOU SIMPLY GET THE TOTAL
SQUARE FOOTAGE OF THE BUILDING, IN THIS CASE, 70,000 SQUARE FOOT PER
FLOOR, A TOTAL OF 420,000 SQUARE FEET. YOU MULTIPLY THIS BY 1.3 WATTS
PER SQUARE FOOT. THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF WATTAGE IS 546,000 WATTS, OR 546
KILOWATTS. AND ONCE YOU HAVE THAT AS YOUR LIGHTING BUDGET, YOU CAN USE
THAT HOWEVER YOU WANT. USING THE WATTAGE THAT YOU ADDED UP, AS WE
DESCRIBED PREVIOUSLY, YOU WOULD COMPARE THAT WATTAGE OF YOUR DESIGN
VERSUS THIS WATTAGE ALLOWANCE. AND YOU CAN VARY THE WATTAGE WITHIN THE
BUILDING, CAN VARY THE LIGHTING WITHIN THE BUILDING BY MOVING MORE
LIGHTING INTO ONE AREA, MOVING LIGHTING OUT OF ANOTHER AREA. BUT YOU
COULD USE IT WHEREVER YOU\'D LIKE WITHIN THE SPACE. SO IT GIVES THE
DESIGNER MAXIMUM FLEXIBILITY TO DESIGN THE BUILDING PROPERLY. NOW, IF
YOU\'RE NOT DOING A COMPLETE BUILDING, THE OTHER OPTION WITHIN THE
STANDARD IS TO USE THE SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD. THIS IS VERY COMMON IF
YOU\'RE DOING SPECULATIVE OFFICE BUILD OUTS, OR PERHAPS YOU\'RE IN A
SHOPPING MALL WHERE EACH STORE IS BUILDING SOLD AND DESIGNED SEPARATELY.
YOU WOULD NOT BE ABLE TO USE THE WHOLE BUILDING METHOD, BUT YOU\'D HAVE
TO LOOK AT EACH SPACE INDIVIDUALLY. THE WAY TO USE THE SPACE-BY-SPACE
METHOD, IDENTIFY DIFFERENT BUILDING TYPES WITHIN YOUR PROJECTS OR
DIFFERENT SPACE TYPES WITHIN THE PROJECT. DIVIDE THE GROSS LIGHTED AREA
OF THE BUILDING INTO EACH OF THE SPACE TYPES. CALCULATING THE LIGHTING
POWER ALLOWANCE, VERY SIMILAR TO THE BUILDING METHOD, BUT HERE YOU WOULD
DO IT ON A SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD AND SUM THEM ALL UP. YOU WOULD TREAT
EACH SPACE INDIVIDUALLY, AND EACH WOULD HAVE ITS OWN WATTAGE POWER
LIMIT. THIS GIVES YOU MUCH MORE FLEXIBILITY, AND IT\'S APPLICABLE TO ALL
BUILDINGS. IN FACT, EVEN IF YOU\'RE DOING AN ENTIRE BUILDING, A WHOLE
BUILDING, YOU CAN USE THE SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD IF IT MIGHT GIVE YOU
ADDITIONAL POWER OR ADDED FLEXIBILITY. IT ESPECIALLY COULD BE USEFUL IF
YOU HAVE AN ATYPICAL BUILDING THAT HAS A LOT OF UNUSUAL SPACES IN IT
THAT REQUIRE MORE LIGHTING POWER THAN THE BUILDING TYPE MODELED IN THE
WHOLE BUILDING METHOD. THERE IS A TABLE WITHIN THE STANDARD ON THAT
TABLE IS DIFFICULT TO READ HERE, BUT IF YOU LOOK IN THE STANDARD,
YOU\'LL FIND THESE TABLES OF VARIOUS BUILDING TYPES, ALONG WITH VARIOUS
COMMON SPACE TYPES LISTED VERTICALLY. AND THEN DOWN THE LAST COLUMN ARE
UNIQUE SPACES, FOR INSTANCE, THEY HAVE PLAYING AREA OR GYMNASIUM AREA IN
VARIOUS BUILDING TYPES. AND CAN YOU SEE THE STANDARD, YOU CAN SEE THESE
UNIQUE BUILDING TYPES LISTED ON THE RIGHT-HAND COLUMN. THE OTHER THING
WITHIN THE SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD IS THERE\'S ADDITIONAL FLEXIBILITY FOR
SPECIFIC LIGHTING SITUATIONS. AND THESE WILL GIVE YOU ADDITIONAL
INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER. THERE ARE THREE CASES WHERE YOU CAN GET
ADDITIONAL INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER. FOR DECORATIVE LUMINARIES, WHERE YOU
HAVE THEM, YOU CAN GET ADDITIONAL ONE WATT PER SQUARE FOOT. THIS IS
WHERE YOU HAVE DECORATIVE EQUIPMENT. SO THIS ADDITIONAL POWER GOES TO
THE AVAILABILITY OF THE EQUIPMENT. IF THE EQUIPMENT IS USED, YOU GET
THIS ADDITIONAL POWER. THE SECOND IS USING FLUORESCENT LUMINARIES
DESIGNED TO DECREASE GLARE. HERE YOU WOULD GET AN ADDITIONAL 0.35 WATTS
PER SQUARE FOOT. AND THEN FINALLY, FOR RETAIL LIGHTING, WE\'RE USING
ACCENT LIGHTING, YOU CAN GET AN ADDITIONAL 1.6 WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT FOR
RETAIL LIGHTING. OR, IF YOU ARE LIGHTING FINE MERCHANDISE, SUCH AS A
JEWELRY STORE, YOU COULD GET AN ADDITIONAL 3.9 WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT ON
TOP OF THE BASIC WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT ALLOWED FOR RETAIL SPACES. \>\>
JOE, A COUPLE OF QUICK QUESTIONS ON THIS SLIDE. FIRST, COULD YOU, FOR
THOSE WHO MAY BE UNFAMILIAR WITH THE PUBLICATIONS, CAN YOU SHARE WITH
THE VIEWERS WHAT THE IES RP-1 DOCUMENT IS? \>\> YES. THAT\'S A GOOD
QUESTION, RON. RP-1 IS A RECOMMENDED PRACTICE ONE FOR OFFICE SPACE OR
OFFICE BUILDING DESIGN. WITHIN THAT DOCUMENT ARE SPECIFICATIONS FOR
SPACES WHERE YOU NEED TO DESIGN THE LIGHTING TO ELIMINATE COMPUTER, TO
ELIMINATE GLARE ON A COMPUTER SCREEN. THIS DETAILS HOW THE LIGHT CAN BE
EMITTED FROM THE FIXTURE. ESSENTIALLY, WE DON\'T WANT LIGHT EMITTED AT
HIGH ANGLES THAT CAN CAUSE GLARE. SO, IT TENDS TO CONCENTRATE THE LIGHT
DOWN INTO A NARROW, MORE VERTICAL BEAM OR INDIRECTLY AGAINST THE
CEILING. WHEN YOU DO THAT, OFTEN YOU HAVE TO ADD ADDITIONAL POWER TO DO
ADDITIONAL WALL LIGHTING OR PERHAPS ADDITIONAL TASK LIGHTING. AND,
THEREFORE, THE STANDARD ALLOWS FOR A LITTLE BIT EXTRA WATTAGE WHEN YOU
PUT IN THOSE, SAY, SYSTEMS OR PERHAPS AN INDIRECT LIGHTING SYSTEMS. \>\>
GOOD. ON THE ACCENT LIGHTING, YOU TALKED ABOUT ADDITIONAL POWER
ALLOWANCES. I\'M ASSUMING THAT POWER ALLOWANCE CAN BE ADDED TO THE BASE
POWER ALLOWANCE FOR THE SPACE. AND TELL ME IF I\'M CORRECT IN THAT. AND
ALSO THE QUESTION I HAVE IS, ONCE YOU\'VE DONE THAT, CAN THAT ADDITIONAL
ALLOWANCE BE USED IN TRADE-OFF ACROSS THE BUILDING SPACES? \>\> IT\'S
ALSO A GOOD QUESTION. IT CAN BE ADDED TO THE BASE WATTAGE FOR THAT
PARTICULAR SPACE. BUT IT CAN ONLY BE USED FOR THE ACCENT LIGHTING.
AGAIN, IT\'S USE IT OR LOSE IT. SO YOU CANNOT USE THAT AS A TRADE-OFF,
THAT ACCENT LIGHTING BUDGET AS A TRADE-OFF FOR OTHER PARTS OF THE
BUILDING. \>\> OKAY. THAT\'S A GOOD CLARIFICATION. THANKS, JOE. \>\>
THANKS, RON. SO, PERHAPS THE EASIEST WAY TO TALK ABOUT THIS, OR DESCRIBE
THIS, IS TO GO THROUGH ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF HOW YOU MIGHT USE THE
SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD. IN THIS CASE, WE\'RE GOING TO CALCULATE AN
EXAMPLE WHERE WE HAVE A RETAIL BUILDING, AND THIS RETAIL BUILDING WE
HAVE 5,000 SQUARE FEET OF SALES STORE, A SALES AREA. AND WE\'RE GOING TO
REQUIRE SOME GENERAL ACCENT LIGHTING IN THIS SPACE. WE HAVE 1,000 SQUARE
FOOT OF ACTIVE STORAGE AREA, THREE ENCLOSED OFFICES, EACH 200 SQUARE
FEET. ONE CONFERENCE ROOM, 400 SQUARE FEET, TWO REST ROOMS AT 150 SQUARE
FEET EACH, AND THEN A CORRIDOR, WHICH IS SIX FOOT WIDE BY 25 FEET LONG.
AND THIS MIGHT BE A VERY TYPICAL RETAIL SPACE WITHIN A MALL. THE
APPROACH TO SOLVING THIS, OR DETERMINING WHAT MY BUDGET LIMIT IS FOR
THIS SPACE, IS AT FIRST I HAVE TO GO INTO THE STANDARD AND IDENTIFY EACH
SPACE, AND IDENTIFY EACH OF THE WATT PER SQUARE FOOT LIMITATIONS FOR
THAT SPACE. SO, FOR INSTANCE, WE GO INTO THE STANDARD, WE FIND THAT THE
SALES AREA HAS A LIMIT OF 2.1 WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT. AND WE ALSO FIND,
FOR ACCENT LIGHTING, WE\'RE ALLOWED AN ADDITIONAL 1.6 WATTS PER SQUARE
FOOT. THE ACTIVE STORAGE AREA, WE\'RE ALLOWED 1.1 WATT PER SQUARE FOOT.
ENCLOSED OFFICES, 1.5. CONFERENCE ROOM, THE SAME, REST ROOMS, ONE WATT A
SQUARE FOOT AND CORRIDORS, 0.7 WATT PER SQUARE FOOT. AND THEN, IT\'S
SIMPLY A CALCULATION WHERE WE MULTIPLY EACH OF THESE VALUES TIMES THE
SQUARE FOOTAGE OF THE SPACE, AND WE SUM UP THE WATTAGES. AND WHEN WE GET
DONE SUMMING UP THE WATTAGES FOR THE SALES AREA, THE STORAGE AREA,
ENCLOSED OFFICES AND SO FORTH, WE COME OUT WITH A TOTAL BASE WATTAGE
ALLOWANCE OF 13,505 WATTS. IN ADDITION, WE CAN PUT ACCENT LIGHTING IN
THE SPACE, WHICH IS A SEPARATE CALCULATION, 1.6 WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT
TIMES 5,000 FEET, OR AN ADDITIONAL 8,000 WATTS. AND THAT 8,000 WATTS CAN
ONLY BE USED FOR ACCENT LIGHTING. YOU DON\'T HAVE TO USE ALL THE 8,000
WATTS, BUT THAT IS THE MOST ACCENT LIGHTING THAT YOU CAN PUT IN THIS
SPACE UNDER THE CODE. THE BASE WATTAGE OF 13,505 WATTS, ONCE THAT\'S
ESTABLISHED, YOU CAN TRADE THAT OFF. SO, FOR INSTANCE, IF YOU WANT TO
PUT LESS LIGHTING IN THE OFFICES OR THE BACK STORAGE AREA, AND TRY TO
MOVE MORE UP INTO THE STORE SPACE, YOU CAN DO THAT. ONCE THAT BUDGET IS
ESTABLISHED, YOU SORT OF CAN TOSS ALL THESE INDIVIDUAL NUMBERS AWAY AND
YOU CAN USE THAT WATTAGE WHEREVER YOU WANT WITHIN THAT STORE SPACE, WITH
THE EXCEPTION OF THE ACCENT LIGHTING WATTAGE, WHICH YOU CAN ONLY USE FOR
ACCENT LIGHTING. FINALLY, I\'D LIKE TO END THE PRESENTATION BY TALKING A
LITTLE BIT ABOUT THE OUTDOOR LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS. FOR THE OUTDOOR
LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS, THERE\'S TWO GENERAL AREAS. THE FIRST AREA IS THE
EXTERIOR BUILDING GROUNDS LIGHTING. FOR EXTERIOR BUILDING GROUNDS
LIGHTING, IF THEY OPERATE AT GREATER THAN 100 WATTS, MUST USE A LAMP
WITH A SOURCE EFFICACY OF GREATER THAN 60 LUMENS PER WATT. WHAT THIS
MEANS IS THAT FOR MOST OUTDOOR EXTERIOR GROUNDS LIGHTING, YOU WOULD HAVE
TO USE A SOURCE SUCH AS A HIGH-PRESSURE SODIUM OR METAL HALIDE OR A
FLUORESCENT SOURCE. BUT YOU COULD NOT USE HIGH WATTAGE INCANDESCENT
LAMPS OR MERCURY LAMPS FOR GROUNDS LIGHTING AND MEET THE STANDARD. THERE
ARE EXCEPTIONS FOR TRAFFIC SIGNALS, LIGHTING USED WITHIN OUTDOOR SIGNS,
LIGHTING USED TO ILLUMINATE PUBLIC MONUMENTS OR REGISTERED HISTORIC
LANDMARKS, AND ALSO THERE\'S AN EXCEPTION, PROBABLY THE MOST INTERESTING
EXCEPTION IS THE ONE, IF A MOTION SENSOR CONTROLS THE LIGHTING
APPLICATION. AND THIS IS INTERESTING IN THAT IT WOULD ALLOW YOU TO USE
AN INCANDESCENT SOURCE THAT\'S GREATER THAN 100 WATTS IF YOU HAVE IT ON
A MOTION SENSOR. THE REASON FOR THIS EXCEPTION HAS TO DO WITH SAFETY AND
SECURITY. WITH SAFETY AND SECURITY LIGHTING, YOU CAN CONCEIVE OF A
SITUATION WHERE PERHAPS YOU WALK INTO AN ALLEYWAY, IT\'S DARK AT NIGHT,
THERE\'S A MOTION SENSOR THERE, YOU WANT TO IMMEDIATELY FLOOD THAT
ALLEYWAY WITH LIGHT. YOU\'D DO THIS WITH A HALOGEN FIXTURE, 500-WATT.
WHEN YOU DO THIS, THE LIGHTING IMMEDIATELY COMES ON AND IT\'S VERY
BRIGHT. WHEN THE PERSON LEAVES THAT SPACE, AFTER FIVE OR TEN MINUTES,
THE LIGHT WILL GO OUT AFTER THE MOTION SENSOR NO LONGER SENSES MOTION.
IT\'S VERY HARD TO GET THAT KIND OF SECURITY LIGHTING WITH AN HID
SOURCE. IF YOU HAD METAL OR HIGH-PRESSURE SODIUM, IT WOULD NOT COME
IMMEDIATELY ON. IT WOULD TAKE ONE, TWO MINUTES, MAYBE FIVE TO TEN
MINUTES TO WARM UP TO FULL BRIGHTNESS. SO, FOR THAT APPLICATION, THERE
IS AN EXCEPTION. AND, FINALLY, FOR EXTERIOR BUILDING LIGHTING, THERE ARE
DIFFERENT WATT LIMITATIONS FOR EXTERIOR BUILDING LIGHTING DEALING WITH
THE ENTRANCES OF BUILDINGS AND DEALING WITH THE EXITS OF BUILDINGS. FOR
THE BUILDING ENTRANCE CANOPIES, IT\'S THREE WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT. THIS
WOULD ALSO INCLUDE FREESTANDING CANOPIES, SUCH AS THOSE FOUND ON GAS
STATIONS. FOR ENTRANCES AND EXITS, YOU GET 33 WATTS PER LINEAR FOOT FOR
THE ENTRANCE, 20 WATTS FOR THE EXITS. AND WHEN I FIRST JOINED THE
COMMITTEE, I ASKED THEM, WHAT\'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN ENTRANCE AND
AN EXIT? AND THE COMMITTEE TOLD ME THAT DEPENDS ON WHETHER YOU\'RE
COMING OR YOU\'RE GOING. WHICH WAS SORT OF AN INTERESTING RESPONSE. BUT
OBVIOUSLY, WHAT THE ANSWER TO THAT IS THAT THE BUILDING ENTRANCE IS THE
MAIN, PRIMARY ENTRANCE TO THE BUILDING, SOMETIMES WITH A CANOPY ON IT,
AND IT\'S FAIRLY CLEAR WHERE THAT IS. AND THE EXIT POWERS FOR ALL THE
EXITS AROUND THE BUILDING. THOSE THREE WATTAGES CAN BE TRADED OFF. SO
YOU CAN ADD UP A TOTAL BUDGET FOR YOUR CANOPY FOR ENTRANCES AND EXITS,
GET A TOTAL BUDGET FOR THE EXTERIOR OF THE BUILDING, AND THEN YOU CAN
TRADE OFF THAT WATTAGE SOMEWHAT BY PERHAPS, IF YOU WANT TO MOVE MORE
WATTAGE UP TO THE FRONT, AND HAVE A LITTLE LESS IN THE BACK, YOU CAN DO
THAT. THE LAST REQUIREMENT, BUILDING FACADE, IT\'S MORE OF A USE IT OR
LOSE IT REQUIREMENT. IF YOU\'RE GOING TO LIGHT ONE OF THE WALLS OF A
BUILDING, YOU GET 0.25 WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT. YOU ONLY GET THIS WATTAGE
FOR THE SIDE OF THE BUILDING THAT YOU\'RE LIGHTING. SO YOU WOULDN\'T ADD
UP ALL FOUR SIDES IF, INDEED, YOU\'RE GOING TO LIGHT THE FRONT OF THE
BUILDING. IF YOU\'RE GOING TO LIGHT ALL FOUR SIDES, THEN, YES, YOU CAN
USE THE WATTAGE, JUST THE TOTAL PROJECTED VERTICAL AREA OF THE BUILDING
ON ALL FOUR SIDES TIMES .025 WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT. AND I WOULD LIKE TO
END JUST WITH SOME COMMENTS ABOUT THE ADDENDUM. THERE ARE SEVERAL
ADDENDUM THAT WERE PROPOSED IN THE LAST YEAR OR TWO. MANY OF THEM WERE
MODIFICATIONS OR CLARIFICATIONS TO THE STANDARD TO THE LIGHTING PART OF
THE STANDARD. ONE, IN PARTICULAR, HAD TO DO WITH THE AUTOMATIC LIGHTING
SHUT-OFF REQUIREMENT. THE ADDENDA WILL, HAS A COUPLE OF CLARIFICATIONS
TO IT. IT SAYS THAT THIS MOTION CONTROL CAN OPERATE ON A SCHEDULED
BASIS, SUCH AS WITH A PROGRAMMABLE LIGHTING CONTROL. IT CAN OPERATE ON
AN OCCUPANCY SENSOR BASIS, OR THE ADDENDUM IS THAT IT CAN USE THE SIGNAL
FROM ANOTHER CONTROL OR ALARM SYSTEM INDICATING THE AREA IS UNOCCUPIED.
THIS WOULD BE IN A CASE WHERE PERHAPS YOU HAVE A RETAIL STORE, IT HAS A
SECURITY SYSTEM, AND YOU WANT IT TO HOOK IN THE SHUT-OFF OF THE LIGHTING
SYSTEM WITH THE SECURITY SYSTEM, ACTIVATION OF THE SECURITY SYSTEM. SO,
IN THIS CASE, AS YOU\'RE LEAVING THE BUILDING, YOU\'RE GOING TO ACTIVATE
THE SECURITY SYSTEM. IF YOU HAVE THAT LOCKED INTO THE LIGHTING SYSTEM
AND MAKE SURE THAT ALL THE GENERAL LIGHTING CIRCUITS ARE LOCKED OFF AT
THAT TIME, THAT WOULD COMPLY WITH THE AUTOMATIC SHUT-OFF. AND THERE\'S
ALSO AN OCCUPANT OVERRIDE ALLOWANCE, AS WELL, WITHIN THE ADDENDUM TO
ALLOW YOU TO ADJUST OR OVERRIDE THE AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM WHERE
NECESSARY. \>\> OKAY. THAT BRINGS US TO THE END OF THE PRESENTATION.
THANK YOU, JOE. AND IT\'S TIME FOR QUESTIONS. YOU\'LL SEE ON THE SCREEN
THE NUMBER FOR BOTH CALL-IN AND FAX-IN QUESTIONS. I WOULD ENCOURAGE YOU
TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THAT. I UNDERSTAND WE DO HAVE A CALLER ON THE LINE
RIGHT NOW. CALLER, GO AHEAD. \>\> YES, THIS IS KEVIN, I\'M CALLING FROM
PENNSYLVANIA. \>\> HI. \>\> MY QUESTION IS, THE ASHRAE STANDARDS FOCUSES
ON THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION BUT DOES NOT ADDRESS THE ILLUMINATION FOR
THESE SPACES. COULD YOU EXPLAIN WHY THEY HAVEN\'T BEEN DEFINED IN THE
STANDARD? \>\> OKAY. JOE, WOULD YOU LIKE TO ADDRESS THE QUESTION? FOR
THE STUDIO AUDIENCE, THE QUESTION WAS, THE ASHRAE STANDARD FOCUSES ON
THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND DOESN\'T ADDRESS THE ILLUMINATION, AND WHY
HAVE THEY NOT BEEN COMBINED IN THE STANDARD? \>\> THANKS, RON. WELL,
THAT IS A GOOD QUESTION. AND THE LIGHTING CONSIDERATION HAS LIGHTING
QUALITY, LIGHTING LEVELS, HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED IN THE MODEL DEVELOPMENT
OF THE STANDARD. BUT THE STANDARD BY ITSELF IS JUST FOCUSED ON ENERGY.
BUT WE USED A LOT OF THE IES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LIGHTING LEVELS WITHIN
THE MODELS. IF YOU\'RE INTERESTED IN HOW THESE MODELS WERE DEVELOPED OR
HOW THESE LIGHTING MODELS WERE DEVELOPED, THEY ARE ON THE IES WEBSITE.
SO IF YOU GO INTO THE WEBSITE AND YOU CLICK ON CODE MODEL DEVELOPMENT,
OR LPD MODEL DEVELOPMENT, THE LINK HAS SOME KIND OF A DESCRIPTION
SIMILAR TO THAT, YOU COULD LOOK AT THE VARIOUS MODELS AND YOU COULD SEE
WHERE GOOD LIGHTING WAS CONSIDERED AND THE VARIOUS ASSUMPTIONS WERE. AND
SO, ALTHOUGH THE CODE DOESN\'T SPECIFICALLY ADDRESS THAT, CERTAINLY GOOD
LIGHTING AND MEETING GOOD LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS WERE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT
IN A BIG WAY WHEN WE WERE DEVELOPING THE WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT NUMBERS.
\>\> OKAY. I THINK WE HAVE ANOTHER CALLER. \>\> HELLO? \>\> HELLO. \>\>
YES. HELLO. I\'M CALLING, TRYING TO FIND OUT HOW TASK LIGHTING GOES AND
PLAYS IN WITH THE TOTAL POWER DENSITY REQUIREMENTS, IF THAT\'S GOING TO
BE COUNTED AGAINST IT OR IF IT\'S BUDGETED SEPARATELY. \>\> OKAY. FOR
THE STUDIO AUDIENCE, THE QUESTION IS, HOW DOES TASK LIGHTING PLAY INTO
THE TOTAL LIGHTING POWER BUDGET? IS IT INCLUDED IN THE TOTAL BUDGET, OR
IS IT DEALT WITH SEPARATELY? JOE? \>\> THANKS, RON. THE TASK LIGHTING IS
INCLUDED TO THE EXTENT THAT IT IS ON THE SPECIFICATIONS. OBVIOUSLY, SOME
TASK LIGHTING IS BROUGHT IN AFTER THE FACT, OR AFTER THE GENERAL
LIGHTING SYSTEM IS DESIGNED. SOMEBODY RENTS THE SPACE AND FURNITURE IS
BROUGHT IN AFTERWARDS, SOME OF IT MAY INCLUDE TASK LIGHTING. IT\'S VERY
HARD TO PREDICT HOW MUCH PORTABLE LIGHTING OR TASK LIGHTING MIGHT BE
BROUGHT INTO THE SPACE. BUT IN TERMS FOR CODE COMPLIANCE, IF YOU KNOW
THAT THERE IS GOING TO BE CERTAIN FURNITURE THAT HAS TASK LIGHTING IN A
SPACE, THAT TASK LIGHTING SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WITHIN THE TOTAL WATTAGE
USED FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE CODE. SO, ESSENTIALLY IF WE KNOW IT\'S
GOING TO BE THERE, YES, IT IS INCLUDED AS PART OF THE OVERALL WATTAGE
CONSIDERED FOR CODE COMPLIANCE. \>\> OKAY. LET\'S PICK UP A COUPLE OF
OUR FAX-IN QUESTIONS HERE. FIRST ONE IS, WHY IS ASHRAE INVOLVED IN
LIGHTING STANDARDS? \>\> OKAY. WELL, THE STANDARD IS A JOINT STANDARD.
IT IS A JOINT ASHRAE, IES STANDARD. AND IT IS THAT IES BRINGS THE
LIGHTING ASPECT TO THE STANDARD, AND IT\'S MAINLY IES MEMBERS THAT ARE
ON THE LIGHTING SUBCOMMITTEE THAT ARE INVOLVED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF
THE LIGHTING PORTION OF THE STANDARD. \>\> I MIGHT ADD TO THAT, THAT
THERE IS AN OFFICIAL CO-SPONSORSHIP AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE TWO
ORGANIZATIONS. AND IN FACT, A QUARTER OF THE PROJECT COMMITTEE IS MADE
UP OF MEMBERS OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY. SO, THE ATTEMPT
HERE IS TO HAVE AN INTERVIEW STANDARD THAT FULLY ADDRESSES ALL OF THE
MAJOR SIGNIFICANT ENERGY USERS UNDER ONE ROOF. AND THROUGH THE
COOPERATION WITH IESNA, WE\'RE ABLE TO ACHIEVE THAT. OKAY. DO WE HAVE A
CALLER ON THE LINE? OKAY, CALLER, GO AHEAD. \>\> YES. I HAVE A QUESTION.
HOW DO YOU HANDLE THE MULTIPURPOSE ROOMS VERY SIMILAR TO LIKE IN
ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, WHERE WE HAVE A CAFETERIA THAT ALSO IS USED AS A
STAGE FOR TALENT SHOW, AND THEN ALSO IS USED FOR PTA MEETINGS? OR, IN
ANOTHER CASE, WE HAVE A CHAPEL THAT IN TURN IS USED AS TRAINING ROOM FOR
THE INSTITUTION. \>\> OKAY. \>\> HOW WOULD YOU HANDLE THE ROOMS? \>\>
THE QUESTION FOR THE STUDIO AUDIENCE IS, HOW DO YOU HANDLE MULTIPURPOSE
ROOMS? ONE EXAMPLE GIVEN WAS A SCHOOL WHERE YOU MIGHT HAVE A CAFETERIA,
AUDITORIUM COMBINATION THAT\'S USED FOR DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS AND MIGHT
HAVE DIFFERENT LIGHTING ALLOWANCES. JOE, CAN YOU RESPOND TO THAT? \>\>
YES, RON. THERE IS A\^\-- ONE OF THE SPACE-BY-SPACE OPTIONS IS A
MULTIPURPOSE ROOM. AND I DON\'T REMEMBER THE EXACT WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT
LIMITATION IN THERE, BUT THERE IS A WATTS PER SQUARE FOOT LIMITATION FOR
MULTIPURPOSE ROOMS. IF THE ROOMS ARE USED FOR GREATLY DIFFERENT
PURPOSES, PERHAPS ONE USING A LOT OF INCANDESCENT VERSUS ONE USING A
FLUORESCENT SYSTEM, AND YOU\'RE HAVING A HARD TIME MEETING THE WATTS PER
SQUARE FOOT REQUIREMENT FOR BOTH SYSTEMS, YOU CAN USE THE EXEMPTIONS
ALLOWANCE, WHICH EXEMPTS ROOMS WHICH ARE INTERLOCKED. SO, IF YOU DESIGN
VERY DIFFERENT SYSTEMS FOR INCANDESCENT VERSUS A FLUORESCENT SYSTEM,
SUCH AS IN A CAFETERIA, AS LONG AS YOU INTERLOCK THEM, YOU SHOULD BE
ABLE TO DESIGN THEM AND ONLY HAVE TO CONSIDER THE SPACE WITH THE HIGHEST
WATTAGE NEED FOR CODE COMPLIANCE PURPOSES. \>\> OKAY. LET\'S GO BACK TO
ONE OF THE FAXES HERE. AND THIS IS FROM JEFF IN CLEVELAND, OHIO. IN YOUR
SOLUTION TO EXAMPLE ONE, WATTAGE CALCULATIONS, YOUR RIGHT WAY OF
CALCULATING IT INDICATED EIGHT TWO-BY-FOUR FIXTURES AT 90 WATTS, BALLAST
INPUT, AND A TOTAL OF 720 WATTS. THREE SCREENS PRIOR, YOU INDICATED THAT
THE LUMINARIES WERE THE BALLAST, EQUAL TO THE COMBINATION. WHY WASN\'T
THE 32 WATTS PER LAMP CONSISTENT IN THIS EXAMPLE? \>\> YES. THAT\'S A
GOOD QUESTION. LAMPS ARE RATED BASED ON THEIR ANSI RATING. IT\'S BASED
ON WHAT THEY CALL A FULL BALLAST FACTOR, WHICH CONSIDERS THEY\'RE
OPERATED AT A CERTAIN DEFINED CURRENT BY CERTAIN AND INDUSTRY-DEFINED
VOLTAGE. AND, THEREFORE, YOU GET AT THAT CERTAIN WATTAGE, 32 WATTS, YOU
GET A CERTAIN LUMEN OUTPUT. WE DO THAT TO ALLOW THE DIFFERENT
MANUFACTURERS TO RATE THEIR LAMPS ALL IN THE SAME WAY, AND ALLOW
SPECIFIERS TO SPECIFY LAMPS ALL IN THE SAME WAY. HOWEVER, WHEN YOU GET
INTO ACTUAL APPLICATIONS AND YOU HOOK THOSE UP TO BALLAST, REAL-WORLD
BALLASTS USE DIFFERENT FACTORS. IF THE BALLAST FACTOR IS ONE, IT WOULD
DRIVE THE LAMP EXACTLY AT 32 WATTS AND GIVE YOU THE EXACT LUMEN OUTPUT
YOU SEE IN THE CATALOGS. BUT FOR VARIOUS REASONS, ESPECIALLY ELECTRIC
BALLAST, THERE ARE FACTORS THAT ARE LOWER THAN ONE. 0.88 IS POPULAR
TODAY. IF IT\'S A 0.88 FACTOR, IT DRIVES THE LAMP AT 8% OF THAT WATTAGE
AND ALSO GIVES YOU ESSENTIALLY 88% OF THE RATED LUMEN OUTPUT. SO YOU
REALLY HAVE TO CONSIDER THE BALLAST FACTOR IN YOUR DESIGNS. CERTAIN
BALLASTS ARE CALLED LOW-POWER BALLASTS. THEY MAY HAVE A FACTOR OF 0.78.
THEY\'RE DRIVING IT EVEN LOWER, BECAUSE PERHAPS IN THAT SPACE, THEY WANT
A LOWER LIGHT LEVEL IN THAT PARTICULAR SPACE. STILL, THERE\'S OTHER
BALLASTS WITH FACTORS OF 1.2. HERE, THEY\'LL OVERDRIVE THE LAMP BY 20%.
AND IT GIVES THE DESIGNER MORE FLEXIBILITY IN TERMS OF THE NUMBER OF
FIXTURES HE\'S USING IN THE SPACE. OFTEN THEY\'RE SET INTO A RIGID
PATTERN, IN TERMS OF THEIR SPACING. AND THEN, BY VARYING THE BALLAST
FACTORS, THEY CAN ACHIEVE THE EXACT LIGHT LEVEL THEY\'RE TRYING TO
ACHIEVE. AND SO IN THIS CASE, HERE YOU HAVE THREE 32-WATT LAMPS. THEY
SHOULD GIVE YOU 96 WATTS, PLUS SOME LOSSES IN THE BALLAST, WHY ISN\'T
THAT CLOSER TO 100? IT\'S BECAUSE IN THAT EXAMPLE, THE BALLAST FACTOR
WAS 0.88. EACH OF THE LAMPS WAS BEING UNDER DRIVEN AS 85 WATTS, OR
SOMETHING LIKE THAT, PLUS A LITTLE EXTRA FOR THE\^\-- OR UNDER DRIVEN TO
27 OR 28 WATTS, I MEAN. AND THEN A LITTLE EXTRA POWER FOR THE BALLAST
GAVE YOU THE 90 WATTS. BUT IF YOU LOOK AT THE SPECIFICATIONS, IT WILL
TELL YOU WHICH FACTORS ARE IN THAT FACTOR. \>\> I WANT TO ENCOURAGE OUR
STUDIO AUDIENCE, IF THEY\'D LIKE TO ASK A QUESTION, TO HOP UP TO THE
MICROPHONE THERE AND WE WILL RECOGNIZE YOU. I THINK WE HAVE A CALLER ON
THE LINE? DO WE? APPARENTLY, WE DON\'T. SO WE\'LL MOVE TO A FAX
QUESTION. THIS IS FROM GRANT IN LONDON, ONTARIO, CANADA. PLEASE COMMENT
ON THE APPLICATION OF THE NEW IESNA DOCUMENT ADDRESSING THE NEEDS OF THE
SENIOR CITIZEN AND THEIR LIGHTING NEEDS. THIS IS RP-289. THIS GROUP
NEEDS MUCH MORE LIGHTING, MUCH HIGHER LIGHTING LEVELS THAN NURSING
HOMES, PARKING GARAGES, ET CETERA. ARE YOU FAMILIAR WITH THAT DOCUMENT,
JOE? \>\> YES. THE IES DOCUMENT FOR THE ELDERLY OR SENIOR LIVING SPACES
WAS PUBLISHED NOT TOO LONG AGO. IT\'S A RELATIVELY RECENT DOCUMENT, A
COUPLE OF YEARS OLD. AND THE COMMITTEE WAS WORKING ON ADDENDA, AND
PERHAPS A NEW MODEL TO TAKE THAT INTO ACCOUNT. WHEN THIS, THE \'99
STANDARD WAS WRITTEN, THAT RP WAS NOT YET COMPLETED, OR WAS JUST BEING
COMPLETED JUST AS THE STANDARD WAS BEING FINALIZED. AND SO THERE WAS,
SINCE THE STANDARD THAT WAS A NEW STANDARD, WE DID NOT HAVE A MODEL
BUILD-IN FOR THAT. THERE ARE SOME EXCEPTIONS, OR EXEMPTIONS THAT MAY
HELP IN TERMS OF LIGHTING FOR PEOPLE THAT HAVE POOR EYESIGHT, VISUALLY
IMPAIRED, WHICH IN SOME CASES IS TRUE WITH SENIORS. BUT THE COMMITTEE
DOES RECOGNIZE THERE\'S A NEED TO DEVELOP A SOLUTION FOR SENIOR LIVING
CENTERS. AND IT\'S A GROWING NEED AND OBVIOUSLY IT\'S A GROWING BUILDING
TYPE THAT\'S BEING DEVELOPED. \>\> SO WE MIGHT EXPECT THAT TO BE
FORTHCOMING? \>\> YES. I EXPECT THAT WILL BE ADDRESSED IN AN ADDENDA.
\>\> THANKS, JOE. LET\'S GO TO OUR STUDIO AUDIENCE. IF YOU\'D IDENTIFY
YOURSELF, PLEASE? \>\> MY NAME IS RANDY WILKINSON, AND I\'M WITH INLAND
EMPIRE CHAPTER. A QUICK QUESTION FOR YOU, JOE. WE SAW THE ENVELOPE
COMMITTEE HAS SOFTWARE TO HELP THEM SHOW COMPLIANCE. IS THERE ANYTHING
LIKE THAT AVAILABLE FOR THE LIGHTING? \>\> OKAY. I\'M NOT AWARE OF A
SPECIFIC PROGRAM THAT\'S BEEN DEVELOPED YET FOR THE LIGHTING. I KNOW
THAT IF YOU BUY THE USERS\' MANUAL, YOU WILL GET A CD WITH THAT HAS
COMPLIANCE FORMS THAT WILL HELP YOU WITH FIGURING OUT WHETHER OR NOT YOU
COMPLY WITH THE LIGHTING PORTION OF THE STANDARD. \>\> OKAY. \>\> I
MIGHT MENTION THAT THE PREVIOUS SOFTWARE THAT WAS AVAILABLE WITH THE
\'89 STANDARD WAS ESSENTIALLY BEAM COUNTING, OF COUNTING WATTS AND
SPACES. AND I DON\'T THINK ANYONE HAS PRODUCED ONE OF THOSE, AND PERHAPS
THEY THOUGHT THAT THERE WASN\'T AS MUCH OF A DEMAND, BUT MAYBE THE
QUESTIONS MIGHT BE SUGGESTING THAT. I THINK WE HAVE A CALLER ON THE
LINE. GO AHEAD. \>\> HELLO? \>\> HOW ARE YOU DOING? \>\> THIS IS CHARLES
BOOTH FROM ATLANTA, GEORGIA. \>\> HOW ARE YOU DOING, CHARLES? \>\> HOW
DO YOU TREAT INCANDESCENT LIGHTS THAT ARE ON A DIMMER? \>\> OKAY. SO,
HOW DO YOU TREAT INCANDESCENT LIGHTS THAT ARE ON A DIMMER? \>\> YES.
WELL, INCANDESCENT LIGHTS ON A DIMMER, YOU WOULD HAVE TO USE THE MAXIMUM
WATTAGE RATING OF THE INCANDESCENT LIGHT WHEN IT WAS ON, WHEN THE DIMMER
WAS FULL ON. THERE IS NO PARTICULAR CREDIT FOR DIMMING THE LIGHT DOWN.
OBVIOUSLY WHEN IT\'S DIMMED, IT WILL USELESS WATTAGE. BUT FOR CODE
COMPLIANCE PURPOSES, YOU DO HAVE TO ASSUME THAT YOU USE THE MAXIMUM
WATTAGE OF THAT LAMP. AND EVEN IF IT\'S AN INCANDESCENT A-LINE LAMP THAT
YOU\'RE DIMMING, YOU HAVE TO ASSUME IT\'S THE MAXIMUM RATE OF WATTAGE
FOR THE FIXTURE. IT MAY BE HIGHER THAN THE LAMP THAT\'S SPECIFIED IN
THAT PARTICULAR CASE. \>\> OKAY. GREAT. WE\'VE PROBABLY GOT TIME FOR ONE
LAST FAX QUESTION. THIS IS FROM DAVID IN SPRINGFIELD, MISSOURI. DAVID
SAYS, THE LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCE EXEMPTION LISTS RETAIL DISPLAY
WINDOWS, THAT'S IN QUOTES. RETAIL DISPLAYS OFTEN ARE NOT IN WINDOWS,
SUCH AS MALLS, KIOSKS, ET CETERA. ARE THESE ALSO EXEMPT? IF NOT, WHY ARE
WINDOWS SINGLED OUT? \>\> OKAY. THAT\'S ALSO A GOOD QUESTION. THE RETAIL
WINDOW, IF YOU READ THE STANDARD, IT GETS A LITTLE BIT MORE SPECIFIC,
AND THE USER GUIDE HAS SOME VERY SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OF HOW TO APPLY THAT
RETAIL WINDOW EXEMPTION. ESSENTIALLY IT EXISTS IF THE RETAIL WINDOW IS A
SEPARATE SPACE THAT IS CUT OFF FROM THE INTERNAL PART OF THE STORE. A
LOT OF TIME, LET\'S SAY IN CITY STREETS, YOU MIGHT HAVE WINDOWS, DISPLAY
WINDOWS, THE OUTSIDES ARE COMPETING AGAINST DAYLIGHT. THESE ARE
ESSENTIALLY BOXES. AND VERY HIGH WATTAGE IS REQUIRED WITHIN THOSE SPACES
TO TRY TO HIGHLIGHT THAT MERCHANDISE AGAINST THE DAYLIGHT. HOWEVER, IF
YOU DON\'T HAVE THAT SITUATION, OR IF YOU HAVE A SITUATION WHERE THE
DISPLAY IS ACTUALLY CONNECTED TO THE INSIDE OF THE STORE, WHERE IT IS
NOT A TOTALLY SEPARATE SPACE OR BOXED-OUT SPACE, IN THAT CASE, YOU
COULDN\'T USE THE DISPLAY LIGHTING EXEMPTION, BECAUSE IT\'S CONSIDERED
AS PART OF THE GENERAL STORE LIGHTING, AND YOU WOULD HAVE TO CONSIDER
THAT LIGHTING AS PART OF THE OVERALL INTERIOR LIGHTING STORE BUDGET, IF
IT\'S NOT SEPARATED, IF IT\'S PART OF THE INTERIOR PART OF THE STORE AS
WELL. \>\> OKAY. JOE, I THINK THAT\'S ALL THE TIME WE HAVE. I\'M SORRY.
COULD YOU ADVANCE THAT SLIDE FOR ME, PLEASE? THANKS A LOT FOR BEING WITH
US TODAY. AND WE\'VE BEEN TALKING ABOUT THE 90.1, 2001 STANDARD, WHICH
IS AN UPDATE FROM THE \'89 VERSION. IF YOU\'RE INTERESTED IN WHERE YOU
CAN GET A COPY OF THAT STANDARD, IT\'S AVAILABLE FROM ASHRAE, THE
ADDRESS SHOULD APPEAR ON YOUR SCREEN, HOPEFULLY, WITH THE BOTH THE
WEBSITE AND THE PHONE NUMBER FOR ORDERING THAT. AND FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO
MIGHT NOT HAVE BEEN WATCHING EARLY ON, WE JUST GOT A DELIVERY HERE FROM
FEDEX AT THE STUDIO WITH THE NEW VERSION OF THE STANDARD. SO, WE\'RE ALL
ARMED WITH OUR VERSION. WE HOPE YOU\'LL GO OUT AND BECOME ARMED WITH
YOURS. I\'D LIKE TO THANK EVERYONE FOR JOINING US, BOTH OUR NATIONAL
AUDIENCE AT THE 160 SITES, PLUS AROUND THE COUNTRY, AS WELL AS OUR
STUDIO AUDIENCE, WHICH WAS PROVIDED GRATEFULLY BY THE INLAND EMPIRE
CHAPTER OF ASHRAE. WE HOPE THAT YOU LEARNED SOMETHING ABOUT THIS
STANDARD. IF YOU WANT TO KNOW EVEN MORE, AND THIS WAS IN MORE DETAIL
FROM THE PREVIOUS PRESENTATION THAT WE DID LAST YEAR, IF YOU WANT TO
KNOW EVEN MORE, I WOULD ENCOURAGE YOU TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE ASHRAE
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT SEMINARS WHICH ARE GOING TO BE OFFERED,
STARTING IN 2002. THE FIRST ONE IS ALREADY SCHEDULED JANUARY 11th AND
12th FOR ATLANTIC CITY, IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE ASHRAE WINTER MEETING.
THERE ARE TWO SUBSEQUENT TENTATIVE DATES ON MAY 15^th^ AND 16th IN ST.
LOUIS, AND NOVEMBER 20th AND 21st IN BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. PLEASE CHECK
THE ASHRAE WEBSITE FOR DETAILS ON THOSE. THIS CONCLUDES OUR
PRESENTATION. BUT I DO WANT TO ENCOURAGE YOU, AS WELL AS OUR ENTIRE
BROADCAST, I DO WANT TO ENCOURAGE YOU TO COMPLETE THE SIGN-IN SHEETS AND
THE EVALUATIONS THAT ARE AVAILABLE AT YOUR DOWNLINK SITE, AND SUBMIT
THEM BACK TO US. IT\'S VERY IMPORTANT FOR US TO BE ABLE TO REPORT TO THE
PEOPLE THAT SPONSORED AND SUPPORTED THIS BROADCAST, AS WELL AS TO
IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF ANY FUTURE ONES THAT WE MAY HAVE. AND ALSO IT\'S
HOW WE KNOW THAT YOU\'RE ALL REALLY OUT THERE. SO YOU SIGNED UP ON THE
WEBSITE, NOW, FOLLOW THROUGH AND GET THAT INFORMATION BACK TO US. IT\'S
VERY HELPFUL. AND A FINAL CLOSE, THANKS TO OUR GREAT PRESENTERS, TO
MERYL, TO MICK AND TO JOE FOR TAKING THE TIME TO BE WITH US TODAY. ALL
OF THESE FOLKS WORKED VERY HARD ON THE STANDARD, AND THEY WORKED VERY
HARD TO TRY TO BRING THIS INFORMATION TO YOU TODAY. WE HOPE YOU ENJOYED
IT. WE HOPE YOU LEARNED SOMETHING. AND WE HOPE TO HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY
TO SEE YOU AGAIN. BYE-BYE.\_