Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 12/30/2004

**GAIN Report Number:** CO4017

CO4017

**Colombia**

**Product Brief**

**Bakery and Pastry Pre-Mixes Study**

**2004**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)David J. Mergen, Agricultural Attache

U.S Embassy

**Prepared by:**

Alicia de Jacobs, Marketing Specialist

**Report Highlights:**

The market for bakery pre-mixes has grown and is expected to continue
growing due to the large effort of distributors to change production
habits and to simplify and standardize baking methods utilizing
pre-mixes.

Includes PSD Changes: No

Includes Trade Matrix: No

Unscheduled Report

Bogota \[CO1\]

\[CO\]

**TABLE OF CONTENTS**

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

II\. MARKET OVERVIEW

III\. MARKET SECTOR OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS

IV\. ENTRY STRATEGY

V. MARKET SIZE TRENDS

VI\. IMPORTS

VII\. LOCAL PRODUCTION

VIII DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS

IX\. USERS OF PREMIXES

X. COSTS AND PRICES

XI\. OTHER PROSPECTIVE PRODUCTS

XII\. MARKET ACCESS

XIII\. KEY CONTACTS

**I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY**

The bakery premix market has grown and is expected to have continued
growth due to the large effort by distributors to change production
habits and to implement simpler and standardized baking methods
utilizing premixes. However, the master baker, who culturally sees
baking as an art of mixing flour and water rather than a multiple
variable industry, has slowed the growth of this market.

Small neighborhood bakeries make up a large part of the bread market in
Colombia. Although they are barely beginning to know and use premixes,
they have always been inhibited by the high cost.

Fedemol (National Federation of Wheat Mills) and the Fundacion Carvajal
(a large Colombian foundation dedicated to the development of small
industry) together have developed a program for the industrialized mass
production of bread that has stimulated a large growth in this market
sector.

Additionally, certain events in the market have increased quality
standards and the diversity of products, such as:

The purchase of Disa by Unilever

The entrance of Bimbo into the Colombian market

The growth of the hypermarket chain Carrefour

With the purchase of Disa by Unilever, their distributor channels have
been strengthened by an enlarged market share. Pan Bimbo, a large
Mexican bread producer, has entered into the Colombian market through a
joint venture with the entrepreneurial group from the State of Antioquia
(locally known as Sindicato Antioqueño), bringing high quality standards
and new technologies into the sector.

The Carrefour hypermarket has 8 outlets in different cities each with a
large bakery that offers wide variety of bakery and pastry. This fact
has strengthened the Colombian bakery industry by introducing more
competition. The supermarket bakeries are taking advantage of all the
technical resources available and are stimulating market expansion.
Other large supermarkets are introducing bread and pastry production in
their offers to consumers.

During the year 2002, the total premix market grew 0.61% vs. 2001. The
market maintained an upward growth rate of 7% amounting to U.S.\$44
million dollars in 2003. In 2004, it is projected at 3.6% and in 2005
growth should ascend to 3.4%. These figures are based on estimates of
the prospective growth of the GNP in the agricultural and commercial
sector.

![](media/image2.wmf)

Source: (1) Banco de la Republica (Central Bank), unless otherwise
stated.

\(2\) National Department of statistics (DANE)

Premix imports during the years 2000 and 2001 grew 55% saturating the
market, which caused a fall of 1.16% in 2002. Due to the continuous
efforts by industry distributors, the favorable change of habits and the
acceptance of big industry, good prospects for premix imports for bakery
and pastry processes are expected. The negative growth trend reversed in
2003 with a growth rate of 20% climbing to U.S. \$13 million dollars and
is expected to grow to U.S. \$14 million dollars in 2005.

# II. MARKET OVERVIEW

In Colombia the total market for premixes used in bakery and pastry
processes during the period 2000 -- 2001 grew 7.8% increasing from U.S.
\$37.79 millions dollars in 2000 to U.S. \$40.77 millions in 2001 and
U.S. \$41.03 million in 2002, increasing only 0.61% due to the slow
growth of the economy. This growth originated mainly from the successful
campaign implemented by the National Federation of Wheat Mills (Fedemol)
with the implementation of premixes in the bread industry, enabling them
to compete with the quality of Bimbo bread.

In this sector, imports grew 55%, from U.S. \$7.18 million dollars in
the year 2000 to U.S. \$11.16 in 2001 but fell around 1.16% in 2002 to
U.S. \$11 million. The reason for this decline is that some importers
opted to discontinue brands, as in the case of Fleishman, which stopped
importing some Caravan products.

Keeping in mind the official GNP estimates by Banco de la Republica
(Central Bank), we expect that during 2004 -- 2005 this market will
maintain moderate growth, 3.6% and 3.4% respectively, growing to a
market size of U.S. \$47 million in the year 2005.

Premix imports could end up growing 3% on average, increasing from U.S.
\$11.03 million in 2002 to U.S. \$14.21 million in 2005.

The Advantage-Challenge analysis of the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats, of imports from the US vs. those from other
countries, can be summarized as follows:

-   Lower dollar value versus the Euro has given the U.S. better prices
    over those of European importers.

-   Less time and cost of transportation between the U.S. and Colombia,
    vs. Europe

-   Consumers perceive US products having high quality standards and
    leading technology.

-   US products are reliable and are generally perceived as prestige
    brands.

-   Once the order is established, they fulfill their delivery times.

**Challenges and Opportunities**

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  The bilateral free trade agreement currently under negotiation will put
  the United States on equal conditions versus other countries with which
  Colombia has bilateral trade agreements, such as Mexico and Chile.

  Possibility to have a representative in the country that will offer the
  Colombian bakery industry local inventories and direct contact.

  Possibility to come to the country, or send technicians that will
  provide technical assistance, run tests within the industry and share
  developments (an advantage that the European suppliers do not have.).

  Prices will be more stable, on a year basis, and not subjected to
  continuous fluctuations of the dollar.

  Contribution to the baking mass production industry allowing for growth
  in this sector.

  Possibility to develop the ultra frozen dough market that would allow
  the sale of fresh hot bread in the small bakeries and neighborhood
  supermarkets, avoiding the need of skilled personnel in the bakery.
  Involvement of the financial sector with this market (Banco Caja
  Social) to finance refrigerators, warmers and ovens.

  After September 11, U.S. customs requirements have become more
  difficult, especially in some ports where transportation occurs
  increasing the cost of the products.

  Products from the USA have the image of being standardized products,
  not flexible, and not adaptable to the Colombian market. This is a
  reason why the U.S. producers should be willing to condition their
  premixes for use in different Colombian cities, climates and altitudes
  that vary in oxygen levels.

  Premixes with a small quantity of flour are preferred instead of the
  available premixes that contain a high percentage of wheat flour.

  The Colombian milling industry will begin to compete with cake, pancake
  and brownie premixes aimed to households and massive market.

  The strengths of the premixes are based on timesaving and making baking
  easier; are not attractive options to local bakers.
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

III\. MARKET SECTOR OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS

# Market Sectors and their Prospects for Bakery Premixes

# Mills 

The milling industry has a great tradition in Colombia; there are 41
wheat mills, located in the cities of Barranquilla, Cartagena, Medellín,
Bucaramanga, Bogotá, Pereira, Tulua, Cali, Buga, Pasto and Popayan. The
leading mills are: Harinera del Valle, Solarte Organization (5 mills),
Molinos El Lobo, Rafael del Castillo & Co. (Molino Tres Castillos) and
Molino Santa Marta.

Premix demand by the milling industry has mainly increased, among other
factors, because of Decree 1944 of October 28 of 1996. The government of
Colombia established that the flour sold in the country, whether
imported or locally produced, must be fortified with vitamin B1 or
thiamin, vitamin B2 or riboflavin, niacin, folic acid or iron folate.
These nutrients should be added as a premix to the flour in the
following quantities:

  ------------------------- -------------------- ------------------------
  MICRO NUTRIENTS           MINIMUM QUANTITY     CHEMICAL MAKEUP

  Vitamin B1 or Thiamin     6 mg                 Thiamin Mononitrate

  Vitamin B2 or Riboflavin  4 mg                 Riboflavin

  Niacin                    55 mg                Nicotinamide

  Folic acid                1,54 mg              Folic acid

  Iron                      44 mg                Ferrous Fumarate Reduced
                                                 Iron Ferrous Sulfate

  Calcium (optional)        1.280 mg             Calcium Carbonate
  ------------------------- -------------------- ------------------------

Source: Decree 1944 by Ministry of Health, Article.4.

# Bakery Industry 

There are around 4,000 registered bakers in Colombia including large
multinational industries and Colombian companies, but they only amount
to 7% of the bakery industry. This is the reason why the great majority
is composed of medium and small bakeries, scattered in different
neighborhoods throughout cities and towns.

**There are three segments of the Industry:**

1\. Industrial bakeries

2\. Medium and small bakeries and confectioners.

3\. Distributors or hypermarkets

The industrial bakeries include multinationals such as Bimbo (Mexico),
La Rosa (Nestle) and Colombian industries such as Noel, Comapan, Santa
Clara, etc. These industries are aimed to the market segment in the
large cities, offering specialty breads with great durability and
freshness. In this segment of the market exists demand for premixes and
bread enhancers, but they require technical support while running
product tests and/or developing new market options, to satisfy consumer
preferences.

The medium and small bakeries represent 93% of this sector, responding
to the habits and traditions of most Colombians who are used to buy
fresh, hot bread every morning. Family-run bakeries are located in the
different residential neighborhoods. SENA, government vocational school,
has accomplished a great job in providing trained bakers to the small
family business that has resulted in a wide supply of bread and pastry
products to consumers. Fedemol and the Fundacion Carvajal developed a
training program for this segment of the market in 2001. Industrias del
Maiz, Levapan and the Team Group offered free training to small bakers
to improve the quality, durability and production volumes. All these
efforts have resulted in an increased demand for premixes and bread
enhancers by small bakers.

# Retail Food Sector 

Big hypermarkets and supermarkets such as Carrefour, Carulla, Cafam, and
Olimpica have entered into this market sector. They usually have central
plants in each city dispatching frozen dough to their sales points, that
operate only refrigerators and ovens, allowing them to offer hot, fresh
baked bread, pastries and newly decorated cakes. They also provide
finished products to cafeterias, fast food restaurants and institutions
(universities, hospitals, hotels, etc.).

The demand of premixes for cakes, pancakes and brownies by hyper and
supermarkets has also grown. Quaker, Pillsbury and Betty Crocker of
General Mills are marketing premixes in Colombia. General Mills has
recently replaced its local representative with La Campiña, that offers
the advantages of a well developed refrigerated food network. This
change has resulted in a wider offer of General Mills products in the
local market. By this token, domestic milling companies, such as
Harinera del Valle, have developed premixes for pancakes, cakes, and
brownies sold under their own brands.

# IV. ENTRY STRATEGY

There is a large demand for the following premix types by the baking
industry and hyper-markets/supermarkets:

**Flour with vitamin premixes**

The National Federation of Wheat Millers (Fedemol) has pointed out the
need to import mixes with a low percentage of flour and a high
concentration of micro components, as listed in decree 1944, in order
comply with the regulation the micro components added to flour milled in
the country.

Total wheat milled in Colombia in 2002 was 1,037,796 tons of which
16,400 tons were nationally produced and 1,021,396 tons were imported.
Wheat rather than flour is imported from the U.S.A., Canada, and
Argentina in order to be assessed lower tariffs. Local millers have to
add vitamins to flour in order to comply with decree 1944 of October 28,
1996. U.S. exporters should take advantage of supplying the appropriate
pre-mixes to Colombian millers.

# Bread enhancers 

Bread enhancers made up of balanced substances will allow the industrial
baker to obtain consistent quality in their products. The use of
potassium bromate is prohibited in Colombia because it is considered
carcinogenic (Resolution 1528 of November 19, 2002). This product used
to be widely used as a gluten enhancer. Bakers are looking for new
alternative products.

**Premixes that improve bread physical-chemical and organoleptic
characteristics**

These products are marketed mainly for soft breads to avoid bread
compression and good expansion while maintaining freshness. The
following are enhancer categories:

-   **Emulsifiers:** A mix of oil and water that provide better
    freshness because the humidity is retained in the crumb.

> \*Monodiglycerides
>
> \*SSL Sterile Sodium Lactolatium
>
> \*CSL Sterile Calcium Lactolatium

-   **Antioxidants:** Cabonamide Acid.

-   **Dehumidifier**

-   **Milling additives:** Alpha-amylase, Beta-amylase, ADA
    (Asodicarbonamide)

-   **Enzimes:** Emicelullase, Glycosilanasa, Lipase Cellulase, complete
    enzymes

-   **Gluten:** Functional Protein

The main demand for bread enhancers come from the baking industry.
Compared to Pan Bimbo in Colombia, small bakers have been at
disadvantage because they lack bread enhancers that guarantees dough
freshness and consistency of bread crumb. Additionally, consumers have
favored industrialized bread (such as the one produced by "Bimbo")
because of its high quality, excellent product performance and longer
shelf life.

Wheat flour marketed in Colombia is consumed in bakeries and pastry
shops (67%), pasta (15%), cookies and crackers (11%) and household
consumption (7%). New importers of enhanced bread premixes can break
into the market through wholesalers like Lloreda Distributions or Makro
that compete with Levapan and the Team Group.

Premix bases for different types of breads: Cereals, Rye, French bread,
Crust shine, Bagels, Croissants, Muffins, Doughnuts, and Cakes.

The per capita consumption of bread is very low in Colombia, 20.3
kilograms per year (source: Fedemol), since Colombians only consume
bread at breakfast time and sporadically at others moments of the day.
However, low bread consumption offers a market opportunity by
stimulating consumers to create new habits for different bread varieties
with all meals.

The entry of Carrefour supermarket, offering a variety of bread and
pastry, has been well accepted by consumers and has stimulated other
supermarket chains, medium and small bakeries to follow suit by
enlarging their products supply. Equally, local medium bakeries with
multiple outlets, such as Pan P´a Ya, have begun to use premixes in
order to preserve their market share while achieving product
diversification. However, the high costs of premixes have been a great
deterrent to their development. Therefore, the introduction of a new
premix should rely on marketing strategies to offer a good product at
competitive prices.

Modified Starch:

The development of starches and modified starches have grown quickly in
the Colombian market. Del Maiz company has been a leader with premixes
for the preparation of typical Colombian products, such as buñuelos,
cassava bread, cheese bread, and almojábanas. With the support of their
subsidiaries Levapan and T Vapan 500 for the distribution and
commercialization of these products, Del Maiz has developed training and
associated strategies focused on small businessmen. Through this
approach, the small businesses have obtained higher yields and larger
profit margins that favor their growth. Successful examples are: Pan de
Bono Valluno and Obleas José A.

Ultra frozen dough premixes for the elaboration of bread or pre-formed
bread.

Supermarkets with multiple sale points, such as Carulla, Cafam,
Olimpica, Exito, and the industrial bakery chains like Pan P'a Ya have
developed the market for ultra frozen dough. They are able to supply
their sale outlets with fresh baked bread by using a minimum of
infrastructure and without needing expert bakers at each place. However,
high cold storage costs are deterrents for the use of this technology.
Keep in mind that most of Colombian consumers buy bread daily from the
corner bakery or shops near home. The shops are usually supplied with
fresh bread from the medium sized bakeries. Besides the small
neighborhood bakeries, there are about 350,000 shops that sell fresh
bread daily. Apparently, there is an opportunity to market frozen dough
among shopkeepers by giving them the ability to supply consumers with
recently baked products. This market has been successful in Central
America.

Types of premixes for glazes, shines, chocolate coverings, non-lactate
creams, transparent coverings, pastry fillings.

Carrefour, offering a wide variety of pastry products, has had an
excellent consumer acceptance and has stimulated other supermarkets to
also develop their pastry shops. Simultaneously, the development of
independent pastry shops of excellent quality such as Cascabel and
Myriam Camhi in Bogotá, Santa Helena in Medellín, and La Pastelería
Americana in Barranquilla are examples of new actors in the market.

Premixes for the preparation of cakes, pancakes, and brownies.

These premixes are directed to the household use and can be found at the
retail outlets. Another interesting opportunity, offered by the economic
situation that the country has undergone, is that of optimizing
production processes and lowering production costs creating a long term
economical benefit that has impacted the Bakery and Pastry shop finished
product market. With the purpose of obtaining more at a lower price,
there is a way to market bread by selling it by weight, a method that
has already been implemented in some super and hypermarkets. This trend
is supported by government regulation. Through the Colombian Technical
Norms (NTC) it forces the merchant to print on the sales label the
weight and cost per gram along with basic nutritional information.

Strategic alliances with big distributor chains could facilitate market
penetration. Like: Distribuidora La Liebre, (Lloreda Grasas distribution
network who provide margarine to the bakeries), Corona (Nacional de
Chocolates distributor, who distribute their chocolate icing to the
bakeries and pastry shops), Grasco, who provide margarine and oils to
bakeries and shops, or the hyper market Makro.

It seems like there is a need in the market to have more suppliers and a
better understanding of modified starches that conserves the humidity,
improves the crumb composition and increases the volume. Teaching
technical training courses by master bakers, who would teach how the
product works and its benefits, are strategies that would facilitate the
introduction of new brands into the market.

The majority of cream mixtures don\'t fulfill the desired
characteristics, they denaturalize quickly due to their oxidation, and
confectioners require long life creams, without sacrificing texture or
flavor.

# V. MARKET SIZE TRENDS

In comparison with other sectors, the economic recession (beginning in
1997) has had little effect on this market sector because bread is a
basic component of the Colombian diet, especially in the urban areas.
The total market increased from U.S.\$ 41 million in 2002 to U.S\$ 44
million in 2003. A growth of 3.6% is expected for 2004 and 3% is
projected for the year 2005.

+----------------+----+-----+----+----+-----+------+------+--------+
| # MARKET SIZE  |    |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
+----------------+----+-----+----+----+-----+------+------+--------+
|                | #  |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
|                |  M |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
|                | IL |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
|                | LI |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
|                | ON |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
|                | S  |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
|                | OF |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
|                |  D |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
|                | OL |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
|                | LA |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
|                | RS |     |    |    |     |      |      |        |
+----------------+----+-----+----+----+-----+------+------+--------+
| Description    | 19 | 1   | 20 | 20 | 2   | 2003 | 20   | 2005\* |
|                | 98 | 999 | 00 | 01 | 002 |      | 04\* |        |
+----------------+----+-----+----+----+-----+------+------+--------+
| PREMIXES FOR   | 4  | 40  | 3  | 4  | 41  | 4    | 4    | 47.39  |
| BAKING         | 1. | .40 | 7. | 0. | .03 | 4.24 | 5.83 |        |
| PROCESSES      | 72 |     | 79 | 77 |     |      |      |        |
+----------------+----+-----+----+----+-----+------+------+--------+

\* Estimate

Source: a. World Trade Atlas; b. DANE, Government of Colombia's
Statistics Agency; c. Banco de la Republica (Central Bank).

![](media/image3.wmf)

# VI. IMPORTS

Premix imports during the year 2002 amounted to \$11.03 million dollars,
a 1.16% decline with respect to 2001. There was significant growth of
20% in 2003. This market will maintain a moderate 3% average annual
growth rate during the period 2004 -- 2005 to reach \$ 14 million by
2005. Imports from the U.S. were \$7.68 million in 2003, a 4.2%
reduction from 2002.

Besides the United States, premix imports originate in Venezuela, Chile,
Belgium, Ecuador and Spain. Some of these countries enjoy import tariff
advantages because of bilateral trade agreements. An up coming bilateral
free trade agreement with the U.S. would put U.S. exports in a
competitive position.

+----------------+-----+-----+----+-----+-----+------+------+------+
| # IMPORTS      |     |     |    |     |     |      |      |      |
+----------------+-----+-----+----+-----+-----+------+------+------+
|                | # M |     |    |     |     |      |      |      |
|                | ILL |     |    |     |     |      |      |      |
|                | ION |     |    |     |     |      |      |      |
|                | S D |     |    |     |     |      |      |      |
|                | OLL |     |    |     |     |      |      |      |
|                | ARS |     |    |     |     |      |      |      |
+----------------+-----+-----+----+-----+-----+------+------+------+
| Description    | 1   | 1   | 20 | 2   | 2   | 2003 | 20   | 20   |
|                | 998 | 999 | 00 | 001 | 002 |      | 04\* | 05\* |
+----------------+-----+-----+----+-----+-----+------+------+------+
| BAKING         | 6   | 5   | 7. | 11  | 11  | 1    | 1    | 1    |
| PREMIXES       | .72 | .52 | 18 | .16 | .03 | 3.27 | 3.75 | 4.21 |
+----------------+-----+-----+----+-----+-----+------+------+------+

\* Estimate//Source: a. World Trade Atlas; b. DANE, Government of
Colombia's Statistics Agency; c. Banco de la Republica (Central Bank);
d. Own estimates

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height="3.9243055555555557in"}

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height="4.166666666666667in"}

# Main Importers

-   Burns of Colombia, a branch of Fleischman, imports Caravan products
    from the U.S.A.

-   Levapan imports flavor enhancers, creams and fillers from Holland as
    a result of a strategic alliance with PURATOS. They market among
    bakeries a soft bread enhancer with a high rotational system.

-   Nabisco imports General Mills brand products from the U.S.

-   Industrias del Maiz imports premixes from New Zealand

-   Artegel imports creams and icing from Italy under the Pregel brand.

-   Deltagen imports bakery and pastry ingredients from Holland under
    the Sonneveld brand; powdered milk under the Datraco / Armor brand
    from Holland and France. Antioxidants and special chocolate fats as
    well as other products under the brand Loders Croklaan, from
    Holland. Wheat and corn products of the Amylum brand from Belgium.
    DCL yeast from England, Le Saffre from Mexico, and Biocon natural
    colors from Peru and bread enhancers from Ireland.

-   Danisco bread enhancers, dough preservatives and yeast come from the
    U.S.

-   Enzipan of Colombia imports preservatives and bread enhancers.

-   Acegrasas and TEAM import Rich's bread enhancers and the full line
    of yeast, creams and fruit fillers from the U.S.

-   La Campiña imports and distributes Pillsbury cake premixes from the
    U.S.

-   Factors and Marketing imports U.S. bakery enhancers for their
    customers Carulla supermarkets and El Corral a fast food chain.

-   Harinera del Valle imports and distributes U.S. enhancers. It also
    produces a whole wheat premix that is sold to the bakery industry
    and has developed a premix for pancakes, brownies and cookies with
    the brand Haz de Oros.

-   Pan Factory imports German enhancers and premixes.

-   Colombiana de Comercio Corbeta (Alkosto Hypermarket) imports U.S.
    pancake premixes.

-   T--Va Pan 500 imports U.S. premixes and Belgian bread enhancers.

-   Bimbo imports U.S. bread enhancers.

-   Donucol imports U.S. doughnut premixes.

-   Pan Pá Ya imports Spanish premixes.

-   Gran Cadena de Almacenes Colombianos -- CADENALCO - imports pancake
    premixes from the U.S. and Canada.

-   Grandes Superficies de Colombia (Carrefour) imports bakery premixes
    from France and Mexico

# Import Participation by product - 2003 

+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| HS           | Description                        | Imports         |
|              |                                    |                 |
|              |                                    | million dollars |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 19           | Other mixes for the preparation of | 5.40            |
| .01.90.90.00 | bakery and pastry products.        |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 21           | Powders for the preparation of     | 4.51            |
| .06.90.10.00 | puddings, creams, ice creams,      |                 |
|              | desserts, and similar items        |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 21           | Bread enhancers                    | 3.00            |
| .06.90.50.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 19           | Mixes for bakery product           | 0.35            |
| .01.20.00.00 | preparations                       |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+

Source: World Trade Atlas Data Base.

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height="4.549305555555556in"}

**VII. LOCAL PRODUCTION**

Several local companies are importing the ingredients to prepare
premixes and bread enhancers tailored to the needs of Colombian users.
Universal bread enhancers perform different under different conditions,
i.e. altitude over sea level. The products should be adapted for
humidity retention, product expansion, and longer shelf life.
Additionally, local wheat mills have begun to manufacture premixes for
pancakes, brownies and bread preparation, etc.

# National Premix Producers 

The following companies import raw materials (emulsifiers, enzymes,
milling additives, and gluten) as they develop bread enhancers
reportedly adapted to the local industry needs:

-   Deltagen

-   Industria Quimica Real de Cartagena

-   Pronut

-   Coldaenzimas import European enzymes.

-   Konfyt imports dough for light (diet) cakes

Manufacturers of premixes aimed to the mass consumption market:

-   Industrias del Maiz, subsidiary of Corn Products Corporation,
    manufactures premixes for buñuelos, almojábanas, and pan de bono
    (typical products).

-   Quaker produces premixes for cakes and brownies under the Quaker
    brand, and Aunt Jemima pancakes.

-   Molinos del Cauca produces dough for buñuelos under El Maizal brand.

-   Doña Torta produces premixes for cakes and brownies under the Doña
    Torta brand.

-   Grand ma´s manufactures cake mixes under the Mam-ia brand.

-   Diety (dietary pancakes) produced by Alimentos Especializados Ales

-   Harinera del Valle manufactures cake and brownie mix under the Haz
    de Oro brand

-   Unilever, Sigra Division, produces muffin and doughnut mixes.

# VIII. DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS

Market breaking and permanence is assured by the presence of a
representative in Colombia. The local representative not only manages
product catalogs and prices but also provides technical consulting
services to distributors and end-users, facilitates communications, and
develops full market insight. The European competitors are good on this
aspect.

The hypermarkets, supermarkets and wholesale distributors also import
directly.

The wholesale distributors serve the hypermarkets, supermarkets, small
and medium sized bakeries, the shop to shop (S to S) market, and the
institutional market.

The hypermarkets and supermarkets sell directly to the end consumer
acting as retailers, but they too act as wholesalers supplying to small
and medium size bakeries, the S to S market and the institutional
market.

The baking industry and/or mills add enhanced baking elements or
designing premixes to flour that is distributed through hypermarkets.
The milling industry also provides technical assistance to bakeries
along the chain.

The medium and small bakeries buy premixes through wholesale
distributors, hypermarkets, or they buy products directly from the
baking industry consolidating their sales volume thanks to the
geographical dispersion of their points of sale, selling to the S to S
market, the institutional market and the end consumer.

There are large wholesale distributor chains that besides assisting the
industry leaders, arrive with their sales force at the medium and small
neighborhood bakeries almost daily selling them their products,
including premixes.

These are:

The Team Group: This is a strategic marketing alliance among six large
Colombian oilcrushing and refiners: ACEGRASAS, FAGRAVE, GRAVETAL,
GRANADINOS, GRASAS S.A. and GRASYPLAST. Team was created in 1999 and
since then, it has established commercial ties with multinational
companies for distributing their products. The wide portfolio of
products includes the following categories: Oil, specialized margarine
for bakeries, creams, fruit fillers, yeast and packing materials.
Besides supplying large industrial bakeries, Team also meets the input
requirements of other participants in the local bakery and pastry
industry in Colombia. Their portfolio of products includes: Margarine
5A, Alipan, Margarina Industrial Dagusto, Hojaldrina, La Sevillana, and
Rich's brand products. It has encouraged bakers to participate in a club
called PANICLUB, which has around 10,000 members throughout the country.
Services such as technical consulting in the handling of Team products,
a web page with product information, purchase discounts are some of the
incentives to Club members.

Levapan: Is a leading and traditional company specializing in yeast.
Their subsidiary T-Vapan 500 has developed an association with Sigra of
Unilever, Industria del Maiz to import and distribute Puratos products
for which they hold exclusive distribution. Levapan has its own sales
force that visits directly with the baking industry, hyper and
supermarkets, restaurants, cafeterias, and universities throughout the
country. Levapan distributes its own products and publishes the magazine
"Pan Caliente" (Hot Bread) for the members of Levapan's club. Besides
consulting services, they carry out recreational activities for the
members of the club.

Coopan is a cooperative that congregate bakers from Medellín and the
Corona company associated with the Nacional de Chocolates and Industrias
Alimenticias Noel. Although concentrated in the Medellin region, Coopan
also has a national distribution network.

Other distributors are:

Comercializadora Intercontinental E.A.T.

Insumos para Panaderia Ltda.

Comestibles la Ochenta: sells finished products to small bakeries.

Lloreda Distribuciones: manufactures and distributes bakery margarine in
the whole country although it is strong in the region of the Cauca river
valley, southern Colombia.

# IX. USERS OF PREMIXES

The main current and potential users of premixes are:

###### Major Companies in the Food Processing Sector

> **Bimbo of Colombia**: A Mexican investment with presence in the U.S.
> and in 14 countries in Latin America and Europe, selling more than
> 3,600 products and 100 known brands.
>
> **Comapan Ltda.:** A Colombian company with more than 1,000 employees.
> It produces and sells industrialized bread, snacks and sauces as well
> as products for the confectionery industry.
>
> **Productos Ramo:** A traditional Colombian company that distributes
> its own products at a national level. Besides bakery products, it
> sells snacks and candy.

**Inversiones Flores Lamprea Ltda.:** (Panificadora Guadalupe)

> **Industria Santa Clara Ltda.:** has 350 employees. It produces and
> sells industrialized bread with focus on the mass consumption through
> chain stores.
>
> **Pan Pa Ya Ltda.:** A Colombian chain that has 27 sale outlets in
> Bogota. Sales are concentrated in the institutional market for bakery
> products, confectionery, and cookies.

**Comestibles La Rosa:** A Colombian company belonging to the Nestlé
group.

> **Industrias Alimenticias Noel** is the largest cookie and cracker
> producer in Colombia. It belongs to the Antioquia economic
> conglomerate.

**Industrias Alimenticias Perman S.A.**

> **Pan Santana:** (Barranquilla) strong in the production of industrial
> packaged bread, sliced bread, sandwich/hamburger/hot dog bread, etc.
>
> **Donucol Ltda.:** is a franchise of the Dunkin' Doughnuts
> International. It has the exclusive representation of Baskin & Robins
> ice cream in Colombia.
>
> **Mamipan of Colombia:** This bakery industry was founded in 1964 in
> Cali with outlets in Medellín and Pereira, western Colombia.

**Manuel Trillos y Cia.:** A leading bakery in Bucaramanga, northeastern
Colombia.

> **Ponqués Cascabel Reposteria Ltda.:** a pastry company located in
> Bogota where it has 11 outlets.
>
> **Repostería Astor:** is the oldest and noted confectionery and pastry
> organization in Medellín.
>
> **San Marcos y Cia.:** has around 100 employees. It produces bread,
> cakes and cookies.
>
> **Productora y Comercializadora de Alimentos S.A.:** (Gate Gourmet)
> they cater bread for the leading local airline (Avianca).
>
> **Servipan de la Costa:** is one of the largest industrialized
> bakeries in Barranquilla with 100 employees.

# Hyper and Supermarkets In the Retail Sector

Carrefour

Cafam

Carulla -Vivero -- Merquefacil

Surtimax

Makro de Colombia

Olímpica - Sao

Almacenes Exito - Cadenalco ( Ley, La Candelaria y Pomona)

Alkosto

Cacharreria La Catorce

Colsubsidio

# X. COSTS AND PRICES - 2004

# At the Industrial level 

The price of flour to the consumer is \$17 for a 50 kilo sack

The price of the premix for doughnuts, almojabanas and pan de yuca,
(Colmaiz brand) is \$7.47 for 12.5 Kilograms.

Levapan:

The premix for rye bread is priced \$16,40 - 5 kilograms

The prices for enhancers are:

Toupan (special mix for French bread and toast) \$5.80/kilogram.

S 500 Gold (For soft bread) \$4.80/Kilogram.

Easy rye for multigrain bread, \$24.40 for 6.25 kilograms.

Harinera del Valle -- Haz de Oro:

Mix for whole wheat bread, \$27.00/50 kilogram sack

**Fleishman:**

Johogagen premix for French bread and Crust, \$75.40/25 kilogram.

Enhancer for crispy dough, \$5.30/Kilogram

Enhancer for soft dough, \$5.70 Kilogram

Richs brand Creams:

Vanilla cream y whipped cream \$12.38/4 Kilograms.

Chocolate, \$13.29/4 Kilograms.

# At the Supermarket Level 

Prices to the consumer:

To the consumer the price for flour is \$0.60/kilogram.

-   Baking powder, \$0.85/100 grams.

-   

Premix for Aunt Jemima Pancakes (Quaker) U.S. \$2.40 - 600 grams

Premix for Konfyt Cakes (low calorie) U.S. \$2.10 - 500 grams

Premix for Quaker Cakes U.S. \$1.36 - 500 grams

Premix for Doña Torta cakes U.S. \$1.30 - 500 grams

Premix for Pillsbury Cakes U.S. \$2.32 - 517 grams

Premix for Haz de Oro Cookies U.S. \$1.12 - 340 grams

Premix for Diety Cakes U.S. \$1.60 - 500 grams

Premix for Del Maiz buñuelos U.S. \$1.70 - 350 grams

Large companies are used to provide credit on 30, 45 and 90-day
payments. Early payment discounts are similar to the financial cost of
money at the bank.

Most companies grant discounts from 5 to 15% for volume purchases over
50 kilos.

Small bakeries operate on a cash basis. Medium size bakeries, after a
credit checking, may get up to 45 days for payment.

Since January of 1996 all imports and sales of consumable products made
in Colombia pay a 16% value-added tax (IVA). This tax is paid on the CIF
value (in Colombian pesos), in addition to the import duties.

Next, we illustrate how the taxes affect the original price of the
product with a 20% import tax.

  ------------------------------------------------- ---------------------
  how taxes affect the original price               

  1\. FOB purchase price                            U.S. \$ 100.00

  2\. Insurance and freight cost                    U.S. \$ 20.00

  3\. CIF price                                     U.S. \$ 120.00

  4\. 20% duty on the CIF price                     U.S. \$ 24.00

  5\. 16% Value-Added Tax (IVA)                     U.S. \$ 23.04

  TOTAL IMPORTER\'S COST                            U.S. \$ 167.04
  ------------------------------------------------- ---------------------

Additionally, the Society of Customs Intermediaries (SIAS) has agreed to
the following rates:

  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------
  Rates                                    

  Customs Agent Commission                 0.3% on the CIF value.

  Minimum Charge                           U.S. \$ 80

  Storage                                  0.35% on the CIF value.

  Cold Storage                             0.40% on the CIF value

  Transfer to the Customs Zone             U.S. \$ 70

  Taxes                                    16% on the FOB value

  Corresponding Tax Obligations            

  Previous Approvals                       U.S. \$ 36

  Documentation (includes stationery       U.S. \$ 30
  expenses, etc.)                          

  The value of the Customs Agency Charges  
  are approximately equal to 40% over the  
  CIF value of the merchandise             

  CIF VALUE = FOB VALUE+ INTERNATIONAL     
  FREIGHT + INSURANCE                      
  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------

# XI. OTHER PROSPECTIVE PRODUCTS

Imports of ingredients other than pre-mixes for the bakery and pastry
industry are promising trade prospects. In 2003, imports of those
ingredients amounted to \$48 million.

+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| HS           | Description                        | Imports 2003    |
|              |                                    |                 |
|              |                                    | million dollars |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 21           | Other food preparations containing | 12.89           |
| .06.90.99.00 | vitamin mixtures                   |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 21           | Other food preparations containing | 6.40            |
| .06.90.92.00 | vitamin mixtures                   |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 19\.         | Malt extract                       | 1.29            |
| 01.90.10.00  |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 21           | Other live yeast                   | 1.75            |
| .02.10.90.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 11           | Potato starch                      | 1.15            |
| .08.13.00.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 35           | Dextrin/other starches and         | 1.52            |
| .05.10.00.00 | modified starches                  |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 29           | Salts/esters and tartaric acid     | 0.36            |
| .18.13.00.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 11           | Wheat gluten                       | 0.35            |
| .09.00.00.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 11           | Wheat starch                       | 0.11            |
| .08.11.00.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 21           | Prepared baking powder             | 0.12            |
| .02.30.00.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 04           | Other powder/skimmed milk          | 0.09            |
| .02.10.90.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 08           | Prunes and raisins                 | 4.49            |
| .06.20.00.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 15           | Fats and vegetable oils and        | 4.31            |
| .16.20.00.00 | by-products                        |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 18           | Other chocolates and cocoa         | 3.92            |
| .06.31.00.90 | preparations                       |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 08           | Fresh peaches                      | 2.40            |
| .09.30.00.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 04           | Partially or totally demineralized | 2.42            |
| .04.10.10.00 | milk whey                          |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 15           | Margarine except liquid margarine  | 2.96            |
| .17.10.00.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| 17           | Glucose and glucose syrup          | 1.93            |
| .02.30.10.00 |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| Total other  |                                    | \$ 48.47        |
| products     |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+
| Source:      |                                    |                 |
| World Trade  |                                    |                 |
| Atlas Data   |                                    |                 |
| Base.        |                                    |                 |
+--------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+

The study identified the following products as a need for the
bakery/pastry industry:

-   Milk and cheese flavors

-   Glucose as there is only one producer and distributor in the
    country: Del Maiz

-   Dried egg yolks because the local product shows a poor performance.

-   Whey: currently a substitute is being imported from the U.S. There
    is no whey production in the country.

# XII. MARKET ACCESS

Trade Regulations and Related Aspects.

As a member of the Andean Community (CAN) and the Latin American
Integration Association (LAIA), Colombia maintains a system of
preferential tariff rates for specific imports from member countries. In
December 1991, the presidents of the Andean Community (CAN) countries
(Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela) met in Cartagena with
the purpose to accelerate the regional free trade market with common
external tariff wall of 5, 10, 15, and 20 percent. These duty levels
became effective in January 1995.

The following are Colombia\'s most important multilateral and bilateral
free trade agreements: The Andean Free Trade Agreement with Venezuela,
Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia; the Latin American Integration Association
(LAIA) with Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, El
Salvador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras and Cuba; the
bilateral free trade agreement with Chile; and the G-3 (Group of 3) with
Venezuela and Mexico. A free trade agreement between CAN and Mercosur
(Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay) will be in effect in July
2004.

The large number of integrated agreements signed by Colombia has created
a complex system of tariffs to be applied according to the different
treaties.

The following example of import tariffs for selected bakery products
illustrates some of the agreements:

+-------------+------------------+----+----+-----+----+---+-------+
| HS          | Description      | Du | S  | And | G  | C | Aladi |
|             |                  | ty | al | ean | -3 | h |       |
|             |                  |    | es |     |    | i |       |
|             |                  |    | T  | Gr  |    | l |       |
|             |                  |    | ax | oup |    | e |       |
+-------------+------------------+----+----+-----+----+---+-------+
| 21.         | Powders for the  | 1  | 1  | 0%  | 1  | 0 | 13.2% |
| 06.90.10.00 | preparation of   | 5% | 6% |     | 3. | % | Arg.  |
|             | puddings,        |    |    |     | 2% |   | Bra   |
|             | creams, ice      |    |    |     |    |   |       |
|             | creams,          |    |    |     |    |   | 9.9%  |
|             | desserts, and    |    |    |     |    |   | Parag |
|             |                  |    |    |     |    |   |       |
|             | similar (1)      |    |    |     |    |   | 12%   |
|             |                  |    |    |     |    |   | Urug. |
|             |                  |    |    |     |    |   | And   |
|             |                  |    |    |     |    |   | Cuba  |
+-------------+------------------+----+----+-----+----+---+-------+
| 19.         | Other mixtures   | 2  |    | 0%  |    | 0 |       |
| 01.90.90.00 | and pastas for   | 0% |    |     |    | % |       |
|             | the preparation  |    |    |     |    |   |       |
|             | of products for  |    |    |     |    |   |       |
|             | bakery and       |    |    |     |    |   |       |
|             | pastry shops.    |    |    |     |    |   |       |
|             | (1) (2)          |    |    |     |    |   |       |
+-------------+------------------+----+----+-----+----+---+-------+
| 21.         | Bakery enhancers | 1  | 1  | 0%  | 0% | 0 |       |
| 06.90.50.00 | (1)              | 5% | 6% |     |    | % |       |
+-------------+------------------+----+----+-----+----+---+-------+
| 19.         | Mixes for the    | 2  |    | 0%  |    | 0 |       |
| 01.20.00.00 | preparation of   | 0% |    |     |    | % |       |
|             | bakery products  |    |    |     |    |   |       |
|             | (1)              |    |    |     |    |   |       |
+-------------+------------------+----+----+-----+----+---+-------+

The sanitary permit from INVIMA must be attached to the import
registration.

Requires a sanitary permit issued by ICA (Colombian Agricultural
Institute)

Notes: Andean Group -- imports from Venezuela, Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia

G-3 - Imports from Mexico and Venezuela

Chile -- Imports under the free trade agreement with Chile

ALADI -- Preferential duties for other Latin American countries

# Laws Concerning Foods 

# DECREE NUMBER 1944 OCTOBER 28 OF 1996 

Regulates the fortification of wheat flour and establishes commercial
conditions, labeling, monitoring and control.

The micronutrients must be added in the form of a premix to facilitate
the blend with the flour. The calcium can be added separately of the
premix.

The quality of micronutrients and the premix vehicle must meet the
technical specifications established by the Food Chemical Codex (FCC),
and the Official Pharmacopoeias in Colombia.

The label on the wheat flour container or package, besides the labeling
conditions established by the resolution 8688 of 1979, will indicate in
the text "Fortified Wheat Flour". The quantity of micronutrients added
must be stated in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) of flour. The National
Institute for the Surveillance of Drugs and Food (Invima) will monitor
and control the fulfillment of the provisions contained in the decree
for fortified wheat flour and the premixes. INVIMA will take wheat flour
and premix samples periodically for lab analysis.

RESOLUTION No. 001508 OF NOVEMBER 19 2002.

This resolution prohibits the use of bromate.

# DECREE 2106 OF SEPTEMBER 20, 1996 

The decree 2106 of September 20, 1996 establishes the norms of identity
and purity of the sweeteners used in food products.

In the specific approaches to sweeteners, the Colombian legislation
follows the rules established by qualified international organizations
such as the Scientific Committee for Food and the joint committee of FAO
and the World Health Organization (WHO) experts on food additives
(JECFA).

Both domestically produced sweeteners and those imported into Colombia
must comply with the Colombian legislation before being used in food.

There remain a few repealed provisions of equal or inferior scope that
are contradictory to that which has been prepared in the present decree.
In particular, the purity criteria of the additives E 420 (i) Sorbitol;
E420 (ii) Sorbitol Syrup, and E421 Mannitol, included in the attachment
to the Decree of July 28, 1988. This decree indicates the purity levels
for stabilizers, emulsifiers, thickeners and jellies, as well as the
diluters or support for carragheen and pectins authorized for use in
food manufacturing (Official Gazette of August 12, 1988).

# DECREE 60 OF JANUARY 18, 2002 

Promotes the application in Colombia of the System of Hazard Analysis
and Critical Control Points (HACCP) in food factories and regulates the
process of certification.

The decree has as its objective the promotion and application of the
System of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points, HACCP, as a
system or method of insurance of the innocuousness of foods and to
establish its certification procedure, including raw materials, from
first production until final consumption.

The National Institute for the Surveillance of Drugs and Food (INVIMA),
and other national health entities, according to law, will exercise
inspections, monitoring and control, and will adopt the actions of
prevention and pursuit with the purpose of guaranteeing the execution of
this decree on \"Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point\".

DECREE 12 70 - JUNE 12 OF 2002

All imported food or drinks sold under a factory brand, or with certain
names, must have a sanitary registration.

# NTC 512 

The main reason for this NTC (Technical Colombian Norm) is to establish
the minimum labeling requirements for containers and packing of products
for human consumption.

Any substance (including food additives used in the production or
preparation of food that will be present in the final product, although
somehow modified) must be listed.

The label of packaged food products should contain the following
information:

1.  The specific name of the product, not generic name or denomination.

> a\) At least one name must be used when several names have been
> established for a food product.
>
> b\) When it doesn\'t have such names, a common or usual name dedicated
> by common usage can be used as long as an appropriate descriptive term
> does not induce to error or deceit to the consumer.

c)  A \"coined\", "made up", \"fabricated\", or "trade mark\" can be
    used, whenever it goes together with one of its indicated names a)
    on the label and b) on the main surface of the item.

> 1.2 The label that is on the main surface of the item, next to the
> name of the food, in readable form to the eye, will appear the words
> or necessary additional phrase to avoid parlaying any error or deceit
> to the consumer with regard to the nature and authentic physical state
> of the food. This includes but is not limited to the type of covering,
> presentation or condition, or the type of treatment to which they have
> been subjected to, for example, dehydration, concentration,
> reconstitution, smoke, etc.

2\. The ingredients should be listed on the label.

# RESOLUTION NUMBER 10593 of Julio 16, 1985 

The Decree 2106 of July 26, 1983 authorizes the Ministry of Health
(currently known as Ministry of Social Protection) to elaborate a list
of food additives apt for human consumption that can be used within the
country once the advisory committee has determined the significance of
article 7 of the mentioned decree. For the effects of this resolution,
the use (maximum quantity) of the following colorings (dyes) in food
products ready for consumption is established:

NATURAL COLORINGS AND COLORINGS THAT ARE IDENTICAL TO NATURAL COLORINGS

Alkane, Alkannin, Acusine - Color Index 75530

Anthyocyanins

Caroteno - Color Index 75130

Beta-apo-8-caro-carotenoid acid

Beta-apo-8-caroteneal -- Color Index 40820 BPM

Canthaxanine -- Color Index 40850 BPM

Xanthophylls BPM

Annatto or Annatto -- Color Index 75120 BPM

Saffron, Crocus and Crocetin -- Color Index 75100 BPM

Chlorophyll -- Color Index 75810 BPM

Copper and Chlorophyll complete - BPM

Copper and Chlorophyll complete and sodium and potassic salts - BPM

Riboflavin and Riboflavin-5- Sodium phosphate - BPM

Beet Red and Betaine - BPM

Cochineal, Carmine and Carmine Acid -- Color Index 75470 BPM

Curcuma and Curcumin -- BPM

  ------------------------------------------ ----------------------------
  RIBOFLAVINE                                

  This is 7,8-Dimethyl-10- (ribo 2,3,4,5,-   
  tetrahydroxypentyl) Isoalloxazine          

  Yellow or yellowish-orange powder          
  extracted from natural matters or          
  synthetically manufactured, barely         
  water-soluble.                             

  Specifications:                            

  \* Purity                                  98-102%

  \* Loss during drying process              1.5%

  \* Ashes (maximum)                         0.3%

                                             Maximum contents of:

  \* Arsenic as As                           1 mg/kg

  \* Lead as Pb                              10 mg/kg
  ------------------------------------------ ----------------------------

  ---------------------------- ------------------------------------------
  RIBOFLAVINE -- 5 - SODIUM    
  PHOSPHATE                    

  This is a fine, yellow or    
  yellowish-orange powder. One 
  gram of powder dissolves in  
  approximately 30 ml of       
  water.                       

  Specifications:              

  \* Purity                    not less than 75% and no more than 75%,
                               expressed as Riboflavine phosphate.

  \* Freedom                   no more than 1%, calculated as PO. Free
                               Riboflavine: no more than 6%.

  \* Loss during drying        no more than 7% of ash: a Maximum of 25%
  process                      

  \* Riboflavine Diphosphate   a maximum of 6% (calculated as
                               Riboflavine) pH: 5.0-6.5 (1% solution)

  \* Specific rotation         between + 37° and +42°, calculated as a
                               dry base

                               Maximum contents of:

  \* Arsenic as As             3mg/kg

  \* Lead as Pb                10mg/kg
  ---------------------------- ------------------------------------------

**ARTICLE 9**. The mixture of authorized colorings by the Ministry of
Health should have on their label the following indications:

1\. Commercial Name

2\. Name of the maker, importer or salesperson

3\. The maker\'s address, production lot number. Net content.

4\. Color Index Number of the contained colorings

5\. Name of the vehicles, supports or solvents used, approved by the
Ministry of Health.

6\. The statement "Food Coloring Mixes approved by the Ministry of
Health"

7\. Number of operational sanitary license

A written statement, in the body of the import license, that the
colorings or mixtures of colorings to be imported meet all the
requirements of this resolution.

ARTICLE 15. The officials of the Ministry of Health and those of the
regional health services will inspect and take samples on a periodical
basis, to verify the fulfillment of the requirements set forth in the
resolution.

**RESOLUTION 599 of January 20, 1998**

A standard application form will be adopted for the modification and
renewal of the sanitary registration for food products as well as the
establishment of a nomenclature for the expedition of sanitary
registration for both national and imported food products.

# RESOLUTION NUMBERS 126 OF February 22, 1964

Dictate the norms over the elaboration and control of fats and edible
oils for human consumption.

ARTICLE 17. Industrial margarine will be denominated those, which are
not enriched, and whose melting point is between 20°C and 42°C. The
margarines can or cannot be supplemented with vitamins. The resolution
prohibits the sale of industrial margarines for direct human consumption
that will only be sold to bakeries, pastry shops and similar
establishments.

ARTICLE 30. With the name of \"fat and coconut oil\" is understood the
fatty material extracted from the fruit pit of the coconut tree (cocos
nucifera and cocos butyracea). Commercial coconut fats and oils will
respond to the physical and chemical constants of the American Oil
Chemists Society.

# RESOLUTION 4124 of April 15, 1991 

Title V Foods are regulated by Law 09 of 1979 concerning the amount of
antioxidants that are allowed in foods. The table below lists the
antioxidants and the synergists of those antioxidants as well as the
maximum quantities permitted in food ready for consumption:

  --------------------------------------------------- -------------------
  ANTIOXIDANTS                                        the maximum
                                                      quantities

  1\. Ascorbic acid and their salts                   BPM

  2\. Isoascorbid acid (erythrorbic) and their sodium 500 mg/Kg
  salts, up to                                        

  3\. Citric acid and its sodium salt                 BPM

  4\. Tert-butilhydroquinone TBHQ, only or in mixture 200 mg/kg
  with BHA, BHT and gallate, but these should not     
  exceed 100 mg/kg                                    

  5\. Butilhydroxyanisette BHA, only or in mixture in 200 mg/kg
  TBHQ, BHT and gallate, but these should not exceed  
  100 mg/kg                                           

  6\. Butilhydroxytoluene BHT only or in mixture with 200 mg/kg
  BHA,TBHQ or gallate, but these should not exceed of 
  100 mg/kg                                           

  7\. Isopropyl citrate                               100 mg/kg

  8\. Monoglyceride citrate                           100 mg/kg

  9\. Ascorbile stereate, only or mixed with          500mg/kg
  Ascorbile palmitate                                 

  10\. Dodecyl, acrylo and propyl gallate only or in  100 mg/kg
  mixture with BHA BHT or TBHQ                        

  11\. Gum of guaiacol                                BMP

  12\. Ascorbile palmitate, only or mixed with        500 mg/kg
  ascorbile estereate                                 

  13\. Dilauryle Thiodiopropianate 14 Tocopherols and 200 mg/kg
  alphatocoferols                                     

  14\. Tocopherols and alphatocoferols                BPM
  --------------------------------------------------- -------------------

The antioxidants and the antioxidant synergists mentioned in the present
resolution should fulfill the specifications set forth in the Codex
Alimentarius, the Food Chemical Codex and the valid Pharmacopoeias in
Colombia. The antioxidants and the synergists, allowed by article 20 of
the present resolution, shall have the following information on the
label:

1\. Technical name, according to article 2 of above resolution

2\. Producer name, importer or seller

3\. Address of producer, production lot number and net content

4\. The phrase "Antioxidant for food authorized by the Ministry of
Health"

5\. Number of operational sanitary license

For the previous approval for the importation of food antioxidants, the
importer should provided the following basic information to the Ministry
of Health:

> 1\. A written statement in the import license, assuring that the
> antioxidant meets all the requirements of above resolution.

2\. Technical name of the antioxidant, according to article 20 of the
resolution.

Level of purity.

# RESOLUTION 4125 of April 5, 1991 

Title V - Foods are regulated by Law 02 of 1979 in relation with
preservatives used in food. According to this, the following maximum
quantity of preservatives are allowed in food:

  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------
  PRESERVATIVES                                          the maximum
                                                         quantities

  1\. Benzoic acid and their calcium, potassium and      1000 mg/kg
  sodium salts                                           

  2\. Propionic Acid and their calcium, potassium and    3000 mg/kg
  sodium salts up to                                     

  3\. Sorbic acid and their calcium, potassium and       1000 mg/kg
  sodium salts up to                                     

  4\. Calcium ascorbate                                  1000 mg/kg

  5\. Sulfur dioxide and its salts, calcium bisulfate,   1500 mg/kg
  metabisulfite and sulfite, potassium and sodium up to  

  6\. Hexamethyltetramine                                600 mg/kg

  7\. Nisin                                              125 mg/kg

  8\. Potassium and Sodium Nitrate up to                 500 mg/kg

  9\. Potassium and Sodium Nitrite up to                 200 mg/kg

  10\. Ethyl, methyl and propyl parahydroxybenzoates     1000 mg/kg
  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------

\- When benzoic acid and sorbic acid are mixed, their total cannot
exceed 1250 mg/kg

The preservative substances should be innocuous and will not disguise
sanitary deficiencies of the raw materials, nor bad manufacturing
practices. They will also meet the specifications set forth by the Codex
Alimentarius, the Food Chemical Codex or the valid Pharmacopoeias in
Colombia

The preservatives allowed in article 20 of the present resolution will
show on the label the following indications:

1\. Technical name, according to article 20.

2\. Name of producer, importer or distributor.

3\. Producer address, production lot number and net content.

4\. The phrase "Food preservatives approved by the Ministry of Health".

5\. Number of the operational sanitary license.

When preservative mixtures are used, the sum of the fractions employed
by each one divided by their respective allowed dose should not be
superior to one (1). For effects of the previous import approval for
food preservatives, the following information should be provided to the
Ministry of Health:

> 1\. A written statement in the import license, assuring that the
> preservatives meet all the requirements of above resolution.

2\. Technical name of the product, according to article 20 of the
resolution.

3\. Level of purity.

# RESOLUTION 5213 of July 1, 1992 

The former Incomex under the Ministry of Foreign Trade delegated on the
Ministry of Health the monitoring of the sanitary requirements for the
approval of the official food import registration and other legal
procedures for food trade.

The delegated state agency will review and verify the following aspects
for the official import registration:

-   A notarized copy of the sanitary registration form issued by the
    Ministry of Health for each one of the imported food products. It
    has to state if the product is imported for distribution and sale.

-   The name of the food products to be imported will correspond exactly
    to the ones that listed in the sanitary registration.

-   The exporter name shown on the official import registration form
    should correspond the "title holder" shown on the sanitary
    registration.

# XIII. KEY CONTACTS

# American Embassy

Bogotá, Colombia

Foreign Agricultural Service

United Stated Department of Agriculture

David Mergen, Agricultural Attaché

Alberto Restrepo, José Leonardo Pinzón, Agricultural Specialists

Alicia de Jacobs, Marketing Specialist

Tel: (571) 315-4147 ó (571) 383-2406 / 2801 / 2805

Fax: (571) 315-2181

<agbogota@fas.usda.gov>

# Colombian Government Agencies

Departamento Administrativo Nacional De Estadística - Dane (National
Department Of Statistics)

Contacts: Cesar Augusto Caballero Reynoso, General Director

Avenida El Dorado, Can

Tel: (571) 597 8300

Fax: (571) 597 8399

Bogota, D.C. Colombia

E-Mail: [Www.Dane.Gov.Co]()

**Direccion De Impuestos Y Aduanas Nacionales-Dian**

**(Internal Revenue And Customs Administration)**

Contacts: Mario Alejandro Aranguren Rincon, Director General

Carrera 8 No. 6-64 Piso 6

Tel: (571) 382 1351 Ext. 1602 - 1600

Fax: (571) 333 2917

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: Marangurenr@Dian,Gov.Co

[Www.Dian.Gov.Co](http://www.dian.gov.co/)

**Instituto Colombiano de Normas Tecnicas-Icontec**

**(Colombian Institute of Technical Standards)**

Contact: Fabio Tobon-Londoño, Director

Carrera 37 No. 52-95

Tel: (571) 315-2968 -- 607 8888

Fax: (571) 222-1435

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: [Www.Icontec.Org.Co](http://Www.Icontec.Org.Co/)

**Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio**

**(Industry and Commerce Superintendency)**

Contact: Jairo Rubio Escobar, Superintendent

Carrera 13 No. 27-00, P5

Tel: (571) 382-0840 -- 382 2685

Fax: (571) 382-2696

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: [Www.Sic.Gov.Co](http://Www.Sic.Gov.Co/)

# Trade Associations

# Asociacion Nacional de Exportadores-Analdex

**(National Association of Exporters**)

Contact: Javier Diaz-Molina, President

Carrera 10a. No. 27-27

Edificio Bachue, Interior 137 Oficina 902

Tel: (571) 342-0788

Fax: (571) 284-6911

Bogotá, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: [Www.Analdex.Org](http://www.analdex.org/)

# Federacion Nacional de Molineros de Trigo -- Fedemol

Contact: Diego Miguel Sierra, General Manager

Cra. 13 No. 28-01 P.4

\(571\) 285 8337

Fax: (571) 287 4012 -- 561 2598

Bogotá D.C.

E-Mail: Fedemol@Cable.Net.Co

# Asociacion Nacional de Industriales - Andi

**(National Association of Industrialists)**

Contacts: Luis-Carlos Villegas-Echeverry, President

Hernan Puyo, Foreign Trade Vice-President

Carrera 13 No 26-45 P. 5 Y 6

Tel: (571) 323-8500

Fax: (571) 281-3188

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: [Comercial@Andi](mailto:comercial@andi).Com.Co

[Www.Andi.Com](http://Www.Andi.Com/).

**Camara de Comercio Colombo-Americana- Colamcham**

**(Colombian-American Chamber of Commerce)**

Contact: Joseph Finnin, Executive Director

Calle 98 No. 22-64 Piso 12

Tel: (571) 621-5042/621-5242/621-7925

Fax: (571) 621-6838

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail:
[Direc@Amchamcolombia.Com.Co](mailto:direc@amchamcolombia.com.co)

[Www.Amchancolombia.Com.Co](http://Www.Amchancolombia.Com.Co/)

**Camara de Comercio de Bogota**

**(Bogota Chamber of Commerce)**

Contacts: María Fernanda Campo Saavedra, President

Andres López Valderrama , Executive Vice-President

Carrera 9 No. 16-21

Tel: (571) 381-0270/560-0280

Fax: (571) 284-7540

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: [Www.Ccb.Org.Co](http://www.ccb.org.co/)

**Confederacion Colombiana de Camaras de Comercio-Confecamaras**

(Colombian Federation of Chambers of Commerce)

Contact: Eugenio Marulanda, Executive President

Carrera 13 No. 27-47, Of. 502

Tel: (571) 346-7055/346-7046

Fax: (571) 346-7026

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail:
[Confecamaras@Confecamaras.Org.Co](mailto:confecamaras@confecamaras.org.co)

[Www.Confecamaras.Org.Co](http://www.confecamaras.org.co/)

**Consejo de Empresas Americanas - Cea**

(Council Of U.S. Companies Operating in Colombia)

Contact: Jaime Lizarralde, Executive Director

Carrera 13 No. 93-40 Of. 207

Tel: (571) 623-3018

Fax: (571) 623-3189

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: [Cea1@](mailto:cea1@impsat.net.co)Ceacolombia.Com

[Www.Ceacolombia.Com](http://Www.Ceacolombia.Com/)

**Federacion Nacional de Comerciantes - Fenalco**

**(National Merchants Federation)**

Contact:

Carrera 4 No. 19-85, Piso 7

Tel: (571) 336 7800

Fax: (571) 350-9424

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: [Www.Fenalcobogota.Com.Co](http://www.fenalcobogota.com.co/)

[www.Fenalco.Com.Co](http://www.Fenalco.Com.Co/)

# Distributors: Hypermarkets

# Alkosto

Contact: Luis-Alberto Yepes-Velasquez, General Manager

Gloria Robayo , Directora de Negocios- Abarrotes

Avenida 68 Calle 68

Tel: (571) 630-5858/630-5868

Fax: (571) 630-5880

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: [Luisyepes@Alkosto.Com.Co](mailto:luisyepes@alkosto.com.co)

Gloria.Robayo@Alkosto.Com

Almacenes Exito S.A.

Contact: Gonzalo Restrepo, President

Adriana Hurtado, Jefe de Negocios Gustavo Quiroz, Division Manager

Carrera 48 No. 32b-Sur-139 (Headquarters Office)

Tel: (574) 331-0544

Fax: (574) 331-4792

Medellin, Antioquia - Colombia

E-Mail: [Www.Éxito.Com.Co]()

# Grandes Superficies de Colombia - Carrefour

Contact: Jean Noel-Bironneau, Executive Director

Renatto Minuzzo, Director Regional

Avenida 15 No. 106-57 P4

Tel: (571) 523-0030

Fax: (571) 523-0344

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: [Www.Carrefour.Com.Co](http://www.carrefor.com.co/)

Carulla Vivero S.A.

Contact: Samuel Azout President

Armando López, Jefe de Producción

Carrera 68-D No.21-35

Tel: (571) 417-8590/317-8620

Fax: (571) 411-4194

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

Contact: Alberto Mario Rincón, General Manager

Pamela Cruz, Department Manager

Calle 77 No. 71 Esquina

Tel: (575) 353-4333/353-1322

Fax: (575) 353-4150

Barranquilla-Atlántico-Colombia

E-Mail: [Www.Carulla.Com.Co](http://www.carullavivero.com.co/)

[Vivero@Metrotel.Net.Co](mailto:vivero@metrotel.net.com.co)

# Makro

Contact: Jaime Moreno, President

Patricia Gutierrez, Compras Alimentos

Carrera 39 No. 193-63 (Autopista Norta Calle 193)

Tel: (571) 678-1616/6782912

Fax: (571) 678-2874

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: Patricia.Gutierrez@Makro.Com.Co

[Www.Makro.Com.Co](http://Www.Makro.Com.Co/)

# Supermarkets/Department Stores

# Caja Colombiana de Subsidio Familiar - Colsubsidio

Contact: Luis Carlos Arango, General Manager

Calle 26 No. 25-50

Tel: (571) 343-1899

Fax: (571) 340-2690

Bogota, D.C. -- Colombia.

E-Mail: [Www.Colsubsidio.Com](http://Www.Colsubsidio.Com/)

# Caja De Compensacion Familiar-Cafam 

Contact: Arcesio Guerrero, General Director

Miguel Eduardo Gonzalez, Marketing Assistant Director

German Robayo, Jefe de Compras Perecederos

Transversal 48f No. 96-50

Tel: (571) 646 8000

Fax: (571) 646 8000 Ext. 2343

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

E-Mail: [Www.Cafam.Com.Co](http://www.cafam.com.co/)

Olimpica S.A.

Contact: Antonio Char, President

Carlos Barrera, General Manager

Elvis Hernandez, Directora Regional Bogotá Panaderia

Transv. 64ª No. 26-50 Sur

Tel (571) 724 6183

Fax: (571) 724 6302

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

Contact: Gustavo Visbal-Galofre, General Manager

Km.46 Calle 93 Esquina

Tel: (575) 359-0220/359-0547

Fax: (575) 359-2986

Carrera 36 No. 38-03 (Principal Office)

Tel: (5758) 351-6549

Fax: (5758) 351-0263

Barranquilla, Atlantico - Colombia

E-Mail: [Sao@Olimpica.Com.Co](mailto:sao@olimpica.com.co)

# Surtimax

Contact: Claudia Velasco, General Manager

Avenida Suba 140 No. 93-10

Tel: (571) 685-3725

Fax: (571) 685-3752

Bogota, D.C. - Colombia

Email:N/A

# Wholesalers

# Almacen La Esmeralda del Panificador

Contact: María Teresa Arce Orjuela, General Manager

Calle 11 #17−79

\(571\) 342−2257, 341−2546

Fax: N/A

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail : N/A

**Distribuciones Jelumar Ltda**.

Contact: Ricardo Gonzalez, General Manager

Calle 47 No. 16-36

\(573\) 346 9210 -- 347 3544 - 362 1314

\(573\) 346 92 10

Barranquilla

E-Mail:Jelumar@Paginasamarillas.Com

# Distribuidora Idemar

Contact: Baudilio Gualteros, General Manager

Calle 70 C No. 107 --89

\(571\) 435−8514

Fax: (571) 435−8514

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: N/A

# Distribuidora Fontiquesos

Contact: Angela María Villamil, Administradora

Calle 19 Sur No. 20ª-00

\(571\) 272 2348

Fax: N/A

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: N/A

# Distribuidora La Antioqueñita

Contac: Cleofi Fontecha Ariza, General Manager

Cra. 20 No.19 -55 Sur

\(571\) 372−6652

Fax: N/A

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: N/A

# Importers and Manufacturers of Premixes

Acegrasas Team S.A.

Contact: Mauricio Campillo, President

Renan Delgado, Bakery Division Manager

Autop. Sur No. 57 -21

\(571\) 770−9000

Fax: (571) 770−9902

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Www.Team.Com.Co](http://www.team.com.co/)

[Acegrasas@Team.Com.Co](mailto:acegrasas@team.com.co)

# Artegel - Italia

Contact: Giusseppe Pallini, President

Teresa Britto, Commercial Manager

Cra. 44 No. 13 -77 P.3

\(571\) 268−6080, 269−2801, 368−3751

Fax: (571) 269−8016

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Www.Artegel-Italia.Com](http://www.artegel-italia.com/)

Burns Philip Colombia S.A.

Representing Compañía Fleischmann Colombiana, Inc.

Contact: Fredy Durán, General Manager

Cra. 35 No. 34a−64

\(052\) 271−7200

\(052\) 272−7879

E−Mail: N.A.

Cali, Valle

Contact: Oswaldo Bermúdez, Sales Manager

Calle 15 No. 68d -- 49

\(571\) 411−9655

\(571\) 411−2074

Bogotá Dc.

Email: N.A.

Danisco Colombia Ltda.

Contact: José Luis Sanchez, General Manager

Calle 94a No. 13--59 Of. 402

\(571\) 623− 7201

Fax: (571) 623−7347

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail:
[Joseluis.Sanchez@Danisco.Com](mailto:joseluis.sanchez@danisco.com)

[Www.Danisco.Com](http://www.danisco.com/)

Deltagen Ltda.

Contact: Orlando Clavijo, General Manager

Gloria Velasco, Jefe División Panadería y Molinería

Cra.63 No. 75--29

\(571\) 660− 7111

Fax: (571) 660−7130

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Colombia@Deltagenbiop.Com](mailto:colombia@deltagenbiop.com)

[Www.Deltagenbiop.Com](http://www.deltagenbiop.com/)

Enzipan de Colombia Ltda.

Contact: Tirso Tovar, General Manager

Cra. 41 No. 69 -44/52

\(571\) 225−7198, 225−3721, 314−3435

Fax: (571) 225−7198

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Www.Enzipan.Com.Co](http://www.enzipan.com.co/)

[Gerencia@Enzipan.Com.Co](mailto:gerencia@enzipan.com.co)

# Factores y Mercadeo 

Contact: Aldemar Castaño, General Manager

Cra. 22 No. 33a−60

\(571\) 340−5065

Fax: (571) 338−4606

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: Info[\@Factores Y
Mercadeo.Com.Co](mailto:gerencia@enzipan.com.co)

Industrias del Maiz S.A.

Corn Products Andina

Contact: José Agustin Vallejo, Gerente Bogotá

Mauricio Congote, Gerente Ventas Bogotá

Centro Empresarial Capital Center Ii

Av. El Dorado No. 69c−03 Of. 701b

\(571\) 210−3052, 210−5050

\(571\) 571) 210−3058

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail:
[Javallejo@Cornproductsandina.Com.Co](mailto:javallejo@cornproductsandina.com.co)

[Www.Industriasdelmaiz.Com](http://www.industriasdelmaiz.com/)

Industrial Taylor Ltda.

Contact: German Tovar, General Manager

Trv. 93 No. 64 -24

\(571\) 430−7099

Fax: (571) 223−2642

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Equipos@Industrial](mailto:equipos@industrial) Taylor.Com

[Www.Industrialtaylor.Com](http://Www.Industrialtaylor.Com/)

# La Campiña S.A. - Pillsbury

Contact: Guillermo Saenz De Santamaría, General Manager

Juan Carlos Gonzalez, Commercial Manager

Av. Americas No. 42d-10

\(571\) 344-4450

Fax: (571) 368 3877

Bogotá D.C.

E-Mail: <Lacampina@Lacampina.Com>

Levapan S.A.

Contact: Marco Ivan Escobar, General Manager

Nestor Guzman, Gerente de Mercadeo

Oficinas: Av. Américas No. 40−81

\(571\) 208−7878, 208−7872

Fax: (571) 208−7853

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail:
[Gerenciageneral@Levapan.Com](mailto:gerenciageneral@levapan.com)

[Www.Levapan.Com](http://www.levapan.com/)

Planta : Calle 153 No. 101 --26

\(571\) 681−2200, 681−2166

Fax: (571) 681−7148

Bogotá D.C.

**Unilever Andina S.A.**

**Division Sigra S.A.**

Contact: Luis Alberto Forero, Gerente Planta de Producción

Calle 17 No. 68c−14

\(571\) 405−5055

Fax: (571) 417−1543

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Www.Sigra.Com.Co](http://www.team.com.co/)

Molineros

Cia. Harinera Industrial Ltda.

Contact: Jairo Velez De La Espriella, General Manager

Calle 113 No. 36b --21 Manz. 12 Lt. 8

\(573\) 350 0975

Fax: (573) 359 0975

Barranquilla

Manga Calle Real No 25-17

\(57\) 660 8800

Fax : (57) 660 8787

E-Mail: [Magalyrocha@Yahoo.Com](mailto:magalyrocha@yahoo.com)

Www.Harinera.Com

Generoso Mancini & Cia. Ltda.

Contact: Bernardo Manccini, General Manager

Vía 40 No. 67b -- 63

\(573\) 344 2564 -- 344 0132

Fax: (573) 344 4758

Barranquilla

E-Mail : [Gmancini@Metrotel.Net.Co](mailto:gmancini@metrotel.net.co)

**Harinera del Valle S.A.**

Contact: Wilder Quintero, General Manager

Cra. 34 No. 13 -45

\(571\) 364−9030

Fax: (571) 375−1569

Bogotá D.C.

Contact: Carlos Arcesio Paz, General Manager

Cra. 1ª No. 47-20

\(572\) 418 7000

\(572\) 418 7013

Cali

E−Mail: [Www.Harineradelvalle.Com](http://www.harineradelvalle.com/)

Harinera Indupan Ltda.

Contact: José Manuel Tibaquirá, General Manager

Cra. 22 No. 14 -12

\(571\) 351−3688

Fax: (571) 351−3120

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Www.Indupan.Com](http://www.indupan.com/)

**Harinera Antioqueña S.A**.

Calle 49 No. 56-17

\(574\) 513 0041

Fax: (574) 513 0023

Medellín

E-Mail: <Harinera_Ant@Epm.Net.Co>

# Industria Harinera de Occidente 

Contact:Arturo Solarte, General Manager

Acopi Km. 4 Vía Yumbo

\(572\) 664 4789

Fax: (572) 664 3711

Cali

E-Mail:
[Ariaoccidente@Organizacionsolarte.Com](mailto:ariaoccidente@organizacionsolarte.com)

[Www.Organizacionsolarte.Com](http://www.organizacionsolarte.com/)

Industria Molinera del Norte S.A.

Contact: Rafael Pardo, General Manager

Calle 1 No. 1-01

\(573\) 376 9029

Fax: (573) 347 8256

Barranquilla

E-Mail : N/A

Molinos La Aurora S.A.

Contact: Rafael Suarez, General Manager

Calle 17 No. 33 -42

\(571\) 370−4111, 370−5380, 370−5512

\(571\) 277−1507

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: Molaurora@ Hotmail.Com

No. employees : 17

Producen Y Comercializan Harina La Aurora, Producida Con Trigo Importado

Masapan S.A.

Contact: Gustavo Ramirez, General Manager

Julio Cesar Cifuentes, Director Comercial

Av. (Calle) 3a. No.34 -60

\(571\) 375−5577, 375−5588

Fax: (571) 375−5534

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Www.Masapan.Net](http://www.masapan.com/)

**Molinos El Lobo Ltda.**

Contact: Hernando Martinez Moscoso, General Manager

Calle 16 No. 16 -68

\(571\) 338−7600, 336−2799

Fax: (571) 338−7600

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Molobo@Colomsat.Net.Co](mailto:molobo@colomsat.net.co)

Molinos San Cayetano Ltda.

Contact: Carlos Martinez Moscoso, General Manager

Cra 24 No. 12 -74

\(571\) 201 2449

Fax: (571) 201 4021

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Molobo@Colomsat.Net.Co](mailto:molobo@colomsat.net.co)

Molinos Del Cauca S.A.

Contact: Jorge Enrique Becerra, General Manager

Calle 19 N No. 2n- 29 Of. 2501

\(572\) 681 3030

Fax: (572) 680 2087

Cali

E-Mail: [Alibreros@Molcauca.Com.Co](mailto:alibreros@molcauca.com.co)

Molinos Santa Marta S.A.

Contact: Francisco José Cabal, General Manager

Carretera Central frente al Sena

\(572\) 228 1440

Cra. 7e Bis No. 68-147

\(572\) 663 2001 / 663 2002

Fax: (572) 663 2001

Buga

E-Mail: [Pampaltd@Norma.Net](mailto:pampaltd@norma.net)

# Molinos del Atlantico 

Contact:Alberto Leal, General Manager

Vía 40 No. 62 --174

\(573\) 344 3088

Fax: (573) 368 9192

Barranquilla

E-Mail : [Molatlan@Volpremiun.Net.Co](mailto:molatlan@volpremiun.net.co)

Molinos Barranquillita S.A.

Contact: Jorge de los Reyes, Administrative Manager

Cra. 43 No. 6 --89

\(573\) 344 6621

Fax: (573) 344 6588 -- 344 6122

Barranquilla

E-Mail: [Candor@Col3.Telecom.Com.Co](mailto:candor@col3.telecom.com.co)

# Molino Tres Castillos

Cra. 41 No. 69d-59 L11

\(573\) 358 3012

Fax: (573) 356 5398

Barranquilla

Calle 22 No. 20-65

\(573\) 662 5027

Fax: (573) 662 5411

Cartagena

E-Mail: ramon@delcastillo.net

**Procoharinas Ltda.**

Contact: Helman Garcia Peter, General Manager

Calle 14 No. 32 A - 36

\(571\) 247−4437, 247−4737, 247−8781

Fax: (571) 560−1792

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail : [Procoharinas@Andinet.Com](mailto:procoharinas@andinet.com)

# Producers of Bakery Expendables

**Al Natural Ltda.**

Contact: Willian Valencia Peña, General Manager

Calle 77 Sur No. 47c-33 Sabaneta

\(574\) 301 03 56

Fax: (574) 301 0718

Medellín

Email: Alnatural@Epm.Net.Co

**Alimentos Rico Pan Ltda.**

Contact: Julio Werthimer, General Manager

Calle 38 A No. 1-56

\(572\) 444 5544

Fax: (572) 443 8017

Cali

E-Mail: N/A

# Disaromas Ltda

Contact: Antonio Piedrahita, General Manager

Daniel Zarate, Flavor Division Manager

Cra. 46 No. 18−90

\(571\) 368−3200

\(571\) 269−8584

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Disaromas@Telesat.Com](mailto:disaromas@telesat.com)

[Www.Disaromas.Com.Co](http://www.disaromas.com.co/)

Grasco S.A.

Contact: Miguel Krausz, General Manager

Cra. 35 No. 7 -50

\(571\) 402−633, 247−3068

\(571\) 201-5816 / 360−5277

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Grasco@Grasco.Com](mailto:grasco@grasco.com)

F y M Chocolates Ltda.

Contact: Pedro Fernandez, General Manager

Rafael Millan, Commercial Manager

Calle 8 No. 34−50

\(571\) 277−4046

\(571\) 247−1972

Bogotá, D.C.

E−Mail: Fmchocolates@ Hotmail.Com

**Harinera Uniquimica S.A.**

Contact: Hernando Restrepo Agudelo

Calle 80 Sur No. 54−79

\(574\) 309−5555

Fax: (574) 309−4001

La Estrella, Antioquia

E−Mail: [Uniquimica@Epm.Net.Co](mailto:uniquimica@epm.net.co)

[Www.Uniquimicasa.Com](http://www.uniquimicasa.com/)

# Industrial Bakeries

**Alimentos Bonfiglio Ltda**.

Cra. 15 No. 34- 197 Acopi Yumbo

\(572\) 664 44845

Fax: (572) 664 4485

Cali

E-Mail: [Abonfiglio@Tutopia..Com](mailto:abonfiglio@tutopia..com)

Alimentos del Cauca S.A. Alcauca S.A.

Parque Industrial y Comercial del Cauca

Et. 1 Caloto

\(572\) 550 4499

Fax: (572) 828 0007

Cali

E-Mail: [Alcauca@Telesap.Com.Co](mailto:alcauca@telesap.com.co)

# Aeroservicios

Contact: Nancy Serrano, General Manager

Jorge Baraya Castillo, Gerente Planta

Calle 66 No. 95-15 P.3

\(571\) 540 5611 -- 430 8886

Fax: (571) 224 7768

Bogotá D.C.

E-Mail: [Sede@Aeroservicio.Com.Co](mailto:sede@aeroservicio.com.co)

Bimbo de Colombia S.A.

Contact: David Behar, General Manager

Habied Palacio, Jefe Planta Producción

\(571\) 877−2121, (571) 877−2110

Fax: (571) 877−2110 Ext. 4

Rancho El Tejar, Vereda La Punta

Tenjo, Cundinamarca

Colpan Ltda.

Contact: German Godoy, Manager

Calle 26 Sur No. 31 --39

\(571\) 720−0867, 720−0587

Fax: N/A

Bogotá D.C.

E−Mail: [Colpan@Empresario.Com](mailto:colpan@starmedia.com)

**Comapan S.A.**

Contact: Fanny Ramirez, General Manager

Octaviano Garzon, Jefe Producción

Cra. 42 No. 13−57

\(571\) 268−6839, 268−8919

Fax: (571) 268−6813

E−Mail: N/A

Bogotá Dc

Comercializadora D\'onofrio E.A.T.

Contact: José Luis D'onofrio, General Manager

Cra. 43 B No. 8-110

\(573\) 370 7615 -- 370 8354

Fax: (573) 363 8343

Barranquilla

E-Mail: N/A

**Deli**

Contact: Maria Ester Zapata, General Manager

Calle 17 No. 43f-265

\(574\) 232 1111

Fax: (574) 268 8350

Medellín

E.Mail: N/A

# Donucol S.A. −Dunkin'donuts − Baskin Robins

Contact: Fernando Jimenez, Manager

Calle 63 C No. 31−65

\(571\) 210−0200

Fax: 210−2493

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail: [Donucol@Andinet.Com](mailto:donucol@andinet.com)

**Dunkin\' Donuts**

Contact: Oscar Merino G., General Manager

Calle 49 B No. 68-70

\(574\) 260 8056

Fax: (574) 436 3747

Medellín

E-Mail: Donuts@Epm.Net.Co

Indupan S.C.S.

Contact: Patricia Paz Caraman, General Manager

Cra. 32 No. 10-18 Arroyohondo Yumbo

\(572\) 664 5095 -- 664 5097

Fax: (572) 664 5098

Cali

E-Mail: [Indupan@Unibed.Net.Co](mailto:indupan@unibed.net.co)

Industrias Alimenticias Noel S.A.

Contact: Juan Camilo Henao, General Manager

Cra. 52 No. 2-38 Av. Guayabal

\(574\) 285 1111

Fax: (574) 285 3431

Medellín, Antioquia

E-Mail: Www.Noel.Com.Co

**Inversiones Florez Lamprea − Pan Guadalupe**

Contact: Miguel Angel Rodriguez, General Manager

Calle 4 A No. 34−44

\(571\) 247−4700

Fax: (571) 247−4700 Ext. 123

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail: Panguadalupe \@Panguadalupe.Com

No. Employes: 150

**Industrias Alimenticias Perman S.A.**

Contact: Carlos Eduardo Posada, General Manager

Calle 10 Sur No. 50ff-70

\(574\) 285 7766 / 250 8950

Fax: (574) 285 1441

Medellín

E-Mail: <Perman@Epm.Net.Co>

**La Casa del Panadero**

Contact:Edison Ricaurte, General Manager

Calle. 47 No. 20-93

\(573\) 347 4728 -- 370 1638

Fax: (573) 370 1638

Barranquilla

E-Mail:
[Distriariguani@Latinmail.Com](mailto:distriariguani@latinmail.com)

Mamipan de Colombia S.A.

Contact: Ruben Dario Salazar, General Manager

Cra. 13 No. 15 --37

\(572\) 883 1740

Fax: (572) 880 4007

Cali

E-Mail:
[Mamipancali@Mamipandecolombia.Co](mailto:mamipancali@mamipandecolombia.co)

[Www.Mamipan.Com](http://www.mamipan.com/)

Calle 36 No. 46-36 Sector San Diego

\(574\) 381 5858

Fax: (574) 232-9394

Medellin

E-Mail:
[Mamipanmedellin@Mamipandecolombia.Com](mailto:mamipanmedellin@mamipandecolombia.com)

Calle 18 No. 21-57 Dos Quebradas

\(576\) 330 3243

Fax: (576) 330-3331

Oficina Pereira

E- Mail:
[Mamipanpereira@Mamipandecolombia.Com](mailto:Mamipanpereira@mamipandecolombia.com)

Maxipan Ltda.

Contact: Gloria Cecilia Ortiz, General Manager

Cra. 45ª No. 29s-77 Envigado

\(574\) 332 4469

Fax: (574) 333 0072

Medellín

E.Mail: Maxipan@Geo.Net.CoMister Pan

Contact: Adriana Ramirez, General Manager

Cll 7 Sur No 50ff-78

\(574\) 285 8533

Fax: (574) 285 3333

Medellín

E-Mail: N/A

# Nicolukas

Contact: Luisa Fernanda Arana, General Manager

Av. Pradilla No. 1 E -15 Chia

\(571\) 863 6534

Fax: (571) 863 2741

Bogotá D:C:

E-Mail: [Nicolucas@Unete.Com](mailto:nicolucas@unete.com)

P.C.A. S.A. (Gate Gourmet)

Contact: Antonio Sanchez, General Manager

Tr. 93 No. 60-02 Alamos Industrial

\(571\) 414 7979

Fax: 414 7979

Bogotá Dc.

E-Mail: Comunicaciones@Pcasa.Com.Co

Panaderia Santa Clara Ltda.

Contact: Carlos Villa, Manager

Roman Gomez, Jefe Producción

Cra. 43 No. 9 --41

\(571\) 244−2777

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail: [Isclara@007.Mundo.Com.Co](mailto:isclara@007.mundo.com.co)

Pan Pa' Ya Ltda.

Contact: Fabio Mauricio Cortes, Manager

Cra. 40 No. 141−51

\(571\) 624−0689

Fax: (571) 648−4813

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail:
[Fabio.Cortes@Panpaya.Com,Co](mailto:fabio.cortes@panpaya.com,co)

# Pandebono's Vallunos 

Contact: Fabencio Calvo, Manager

Av. 82 No.12--29 Of. 103

\(571\) 250−6718

Fax: (571) 660−7124

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail: Pandebosbo@ Colonsat.Net.Co

# Panaderia San Marcos

Contact: Roberto Rayonel, Manager

Cra. 13 No. 40 -- 36

\(571\) 323−0055, 323−0199

Fax: (571) 232−5263

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail: [Pansanmarcos@Multinet.Com](mailto:pansanmarcos@multinet.com)

# Panaderia y Pasteleria Florida

Contac: Myrian Rozo Martinez, Manager

Cra. 7 No. 21 --46

\(571\) 341−0340

Fax: (571) 341−7538

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail: [Pasflorida@Andinet.Com](mailto:pasflorida@andinet.com)

# Panaderia y Pasteleria Golconda

Contact. Flor Alba Mayorquin, Manager

Calle 134 No.15ª−22

\(571\) 625−4518

Fax: (571) 625−4518

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail:
[Industriasgolconda@Yahoo.Com.Co](mailto:industriasgolconda@yahoo.com.co)

# Panaderia y Bizcocheria El Cometa

Contact: Tania Katz, Manager

Calle 22 No. 8 --71

\(571\) 243−9749

Fax: (571) 432−9085

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail: N/A

Panaderia del Prado & Cia. Ltda.

Contact: Uri Yaacobi, General Manager

Calle 53 No. 43-92

\(573\) 351 4419

Fax: (573) 351 4419

Barranquilla

E-Mail : N/A

# Panaderia Dulcerna

Contact: José Marin, General Manager

Cra. 53 No. 75-46

\(573\) 345 7911 -- 348 8847

Fax: (573) 368 2925

Barranquilla

E-Mail : [Dulcerna@Metrotel.Net.Co](mailto:dulcerna@metrotel.net.co)

# Panaderia Santana Villa Viana

Contact: Margarita de Ibañez, General Manager

Calle 79 No. 49b-09

\(573\) 358 7702

Fax: (573) 368 9854

Barranquilla

E-Mail : [Pansantana@Latinmail.Com](mailto:pansantana@latinmail.com).

[Www.Pansantana.Co](http://www.pansantana.co/)

# Panaderia 20 de Julio

Contact: Luis Fernando Lemas, General Manager

Cra. 43 No. 69-200

\(573\) 358 6496

Fax: N/A

Barranquilla

E-Mail : N/A

Pani Ltda.

Contact: Lisandro Revolledo, General Manager

Cra. 11b No. 24-47

\(572\) 885 2722

Fax: (572) 885 2722

Cali

E-Mail: [Hrq@Unibet.Net.Co](mailto:hrq@unibet.net.co)

# Pasteleria Santa Elena

Contact: Monica Mejia Escobar, General Manager

Cra. 43 A No. 8-44

\(574\) 266 5345

Fax: (574) 266 5225

Medellín

E-Mail: Pastsantaelena@Epm.Net.Co

# Pasteleria Guernika

Contact: Gilma de Peña, Generral Manager

Cra. 10 No. 21 --58/54

\(571\) 284 8051 -- 341 5658 -- 341 9861

Fax : (571) 284 80 51

Bogotá Dc.

E- Mail : N/A

# Pasteleria Santa Clara

Contact: Rosa Marina Jaramillo, General Manager

Cra. 48 No. 56-72

\(574\) 513 2288 -- 513 3442

Fax: 512 7967

Medellin

E-Mail: N/A

# Pastelitos

Contact: Diana Tenorio, General Manager

Cra. 57 No. 51-92

\(574\) 276 9886 -- 231 2411

Fax: (574) 231 4393

Medellin

E-Mail: Pastelitos@Epm.Net.Co

Pastelitos S.A.

Contact: Raul Dario Saldarriaga, General Manager

Carrera 57 No. 51 -- 92

\(574\) 231 2411

Fax: (574) 231 4393

Medellín

E-Mail: Pastelitos@Epm.Net.Co

Ponques Cascabel Reposteria Ltda.

Contact: Cristina Merchan, Manager

Calle 66 Bis No. 4−30

\(571\) 347−6060

Fax: (571) 345−9151

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail: [Cascabel@Cable.Net.Co](mailto:cascabel@cable.net.co)

# Postres & Ponques

Contact: Jhon Eli Hillon, General Manager

Cra 74 No. 39d-15

\(574\) 412 5589

Fax: (574) 412 0671

Medellín

E-Mail: N/A

Productos Ramo S.A.

Contact: Rafael Molano Olarte, President

Km. 20 Carretera Occidente, Mosquera

Cra. 28 No. 68−48

\(571\) 311−3988 Fabrica (571) 422−1270

Fax: (571) 250−7454 Fabrica (571) 422−1271

Bogotá Dc.

E−Mail: [Sistemaramo@Col.Net.Co](mailto:sistemaramo@col.net.co)

# Productos Icolpan

Contact: Nelson Jerez, General Manager

Cra. 84 No. 33aa-1

\(574\) 253 0869

Fax: (574) 250 1370

Medellin

E-Mail: Icolpan@Epm.Net.Co

Productos Mama-la S.A.

Contact: María Eugenia Peña de Posada

Cra. 53 A No. 81-56

\(571\) 311 4318

Fax: (571) 231 2514

Bogotá D.C.

E-Mail : [Info@Mama-Ia.Com](mailto:info@mama-ia.com)

[Www.Mama-Ia.Com](http://www.mama-ia.com/)

Ponque Ramo de Antioquia S.A.

Contact: Gilberto Gómez, General Manager

Cra 43 A No. 61s-152 Sabaneta

\(574\) 288 2300

Fax: (574) 288 320

Medellín

E-Mail: <Ramont2@Epm.Net.Co>

# Productos Alimenticios Castipan S.A

Contact: Hector Duque, General Manager

Tr 78 No. 65 -- 18

\(574\) 441 4545

Fax: (574) 257 0016

Medellín

E-Mail: Castipan@Epm.Net.Co

Productos Roma S.A.

Contact: Francisco Javier Bravo Restrepo, General Manager

Cll 31 50 B 22 Itagui

\(574\) 372 2929 - 372 2434 -- 372 2222

Fax: (574) 372 2929

Medellín:

E-Mail: Romasa@Epm.Net.Co

Productos Vienesa y Chiquillas Ltda.

Contact: Rodrigo Perez, General Manager

Calle 65 No. 55 -- 46

\(574\) 263 6830

Fax: (574) 263 3161

Medellín

E-Mail: Vienesa@Elsitio.Net.Co

# Productos Alimenticios Fleischmann Royal

Contact: Armando Campo, General Manager

Cra. 16 No. 6 --44

\(572\) 558 4365

Fax: (572) 557 2988

Cali

E-Mail: N/A

Reposteria Astor Ltda.

Contact: Beatriz Soto Velez, General Manager

Cra 43 A No 25- A 92 El Poblado

\(574\) 232 23 06

Fax: (574) 385 35 81

Medellín

E-Mail: Astor@Epm.Net.Co

Ricos y Deliciosos S.A. (Dimonti)

Contact: , Jhon Jairo Aguirre, General Manager

Calle 1 Tr3 --240

\(572\) 666 9518

Fax: (572) 270 3100

Cali

E-Mail : [Ryd@Colombianet.Net](mailto:ryd@colombianet.net)

Servipan de la Costa Ltda.

Contact: Gloria Sandoval, General Manager

Calle 58 No. 59b --09

\(573\) 344 3767 -- 368 1012

Fax: (573) 344 3767

Barranquilla

E-Mail:
[Misandovales@Hotmail.Com.Co](mailto:misandovales@hotmail.com.co)

Super Puntos Ltda.

Contact: Fabio Leal, General Manager

Cra. 36 No. 39-33

\(573\) 348 9929 -- 360 4668

Fax: (573) 360 4668

Barranquilla

E-Mail: N/A

# Surtipan Ltda

Contact: José Ernesto Duque Duque, General Manager

Calle 25 Aa Sur No. 48-87 Envigado

\(574\) 332 0087

Fax: (574) 332 2021

Medellín

E-Mail: N/A

# Suarez Camelo & Cia. Ltda

Contact: Eliazar Suarez, General Manager

Calle 47 No. 32-72

\(573\) 340 0603 -- 340 2165 -- 351 86 1

Fax: (573)340 2165

Barranquilla

E-Mail: <Suarezcamelo@Enred.Com>

# Super Cake

Contact: Claudia Rincon, General Manager

Cra. 44 No. 70-136 L-3

\(573\) 368 42 88

Pasteleria Toledo S.A.

Cra. 100 No. 25-39 Fontibón

\(571\) 267 0025

Fax: (571) 267 3019

Bogotá D.C.

E-Mail: [Www.Toledopasteleria.Com](http://www.toledopasteleria.com/)

**Tecnipan Ltda.**

Contact: Alirio Guarín, General Manager

Calle 10 No. 19-23

\(573\) 347 8539 -- 347 8567

Fax: (573) 347 8539

Barranquilla

E-Mail: [Tenipan@Metrotel.Net.Co](mailto:tenipan@metrotel.net.co)