Number range CHAPTER **Library of Congress Update**

**American Library Association 2007 Midwinter Meeting**

**January 2007**

Service units, divisions, and offices within the Library have submitted
the information in this briefing document for the attention and use of
Library of Congress staff who will attend the American Library
Association Midwinter Meeting in Seattle, Wash., January 19-24, 2007.
The document covers initiatives undertaken at the Library of Congress
since the ALA Annual Conference in New Orleans, La., in June 2006.
Information in the printed document is valid as of January 2, 2007.

**LC EXHIBIT BOOTH**

The Library's exhibit booth is no. 2254 at the Washington State Trade
and Convention Center in Seattle. The exhibit booth coordinator is
Robert Handloff. Exhibit hours are:

Friday, January 19, 5:30-7:30 pm

Saturday-Sunday, January 20-21, 9:00 am-5:00 pm

Monday, January 22, 9:00 am-2:00 pm

[Library of Congress staff who will work at the exhibit booth
include:]{.underline}

For the American Folklife Center: Maggie Kruesi

For the Cataloging Distribution Service: Colleen Cahill, Cheryl Cook,
Rebecca Guenther, Robert Handloff, Jan Herd

For the Cataloging in Publication Division: Diane Barber, Patricia
Hayward

For the Center for the Book: Anne Boni, John Y. Cole

For the U.S. Copyright Office: Melissa Crawford, David
Fernandez-Barrial, George Thuronyi

For the Digital Reference Team: Laura Gottesman, Marilyn Parr, Kris
Pruzin

For the Hispanic Division: Everette Larson

For Information Technology Services: Carolyn Janiczek, Mike McClure

For Library Services in general: Fred Augustyn, Judith Cannan, Jane
Gilchrist, Jacqueline Radebaugh

For the Music Division: Sue Vita

For the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation
Program/Office of Strategic Initiatives: Guy Lamolinara, Cheryl
Lederle-Ensign, Gail Petri

For the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically
Handicapped: Lloyd Lewis, Ruth Nussbaum, Steve Prine

For the Retail Marketing Office: Leslie Maron, Tred Parry

The American Folklife Center has supplied a videodisk with stories from
the StoryCorps booths, which have criss-crossed the country collecting
sometimes poignant, sometimes humorous, always entertaining stories
about Americans. All LC staff are invited to the booth at the end of
each day to relax and hear the StoryCorps interviews.

A complete schedule of booth theater presentations, including perennial
favorites, is found at the end of this document. Incentive give-away
items at the booth include, from the Cataloging Distribution Service,
*Class Web* keyboard brushes; copies of *Understanding MARC
Bibliographic* and *Understanding MARC Authority Records*; LC
Classification Poster and Pocket Guide; the 2007 CDS Product Catalog; a
revised Cataloger's Learning Workshop brochure; and assorted brochures
from other Library of Congress units.

**U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE**

[Orphan Works Legislation]{.underline}

In 2005, the Copyright Office conducted a study on the "orphan works"
issue. The study was a response to concerns that uncertainty surrounding
ownership of orphan works might needlessly discourage subsequent
creators and users from using works in socially productive ways, such as
by incorporating these works in new creative efforts, or by making them
available to the public. The study involved written public comments
(over 850 were received), four days of public roundtable discussions
(two in Washington, D.C. and two in Berkeley, Calif.), and 17 informal
meetings with interested parties to discuss issues in greater depth.

The Copyright Office then submitted its "Report on Orphan Works" to
Congress in January of 2006. The Office's conclusions were as
follows: 1) The orphan works problem is real. 2) The orphan works
problem is elusive to quantify and describe comprehensively. 3) Some
orphan works situations may be addressed by existing copyright law, but
many are not. 4) Legislation is necessary to provide a meaningful
solution to the orphan works problem as we know it today.

The Office recommended that the orphan works issue be addressed by an
amendment to the Copyright Act's remedies section. This amendment would
limit the liability of a user of a copyrighted work who performed a good
faith, "reasonably diligent search" for the copyright owner but could
not find that person, and provided attribution to the author and
copyright owner if known, and in a manner reasonable under the
circumstances.

The House and Senate Judiciary Committees held hearings on the Report in
March 2006 and April 2006, respectively. The Office's testimony is
available at
[[http://www.copyright.gov/docs/regstat030806.html]{.underline}](http://www.copyright.gov/docs/regstat030806.html)
and
[[http://judiciary.senate.gov/print_testimony.cfm?id=1847&wit_id=5219]{.underline}](http://judiciary.senate.gov/print_testimony.cfm?id=1847&wit_id=5219).
The Orphan Works Act of 2006, H.R. 5439, was introduced in the House of
Representatives on May 22, 2006. In large part this bill follows the
recommendation of the Copyright Office. The bill was reported out of the
House Subcommittee on May 24, 2006 and is available at
<http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c109:H.R.5439:> . The version
voted out of the Subcommittee modified the Copyright Office's initial
recommendation to some extent, mostly to address concerns raised by
photographers and other visual artists. The Copyright Office supported
these amendments, and sees them as improvements. For example, the
version reported out of the Subcommittee would: define "reasonably
diligent search" to exclude situations where little or no search is
performed simply because a copyright notice or other information
identifying the author or owner does not appear on the face of a work;
direct the Copyright Office to maintain information on its Web site
about best practices and industry guidelines for conducting a
"reasonably diligent search"; allow a resurfacing copyright owner to
recover court costs and attorney's fees in the case of "bad faith"
negotiations by the user; and direct the Copyright Office to conduct a
study on "small claims" in copyright infringement cases.

Following the House Subcommittee's vote, the Orphan Works Act was
combined with the Section 115 Reform Act of 2006 ("S1RA"), H.R. 5553,
and the two became the Copyright Modernization Act of 2006, H.R. 6052.
The full House Judiciary Committee took no action on the Copyright
Modernization Act, but the Copyright Office suspects that work on orphan
works legislation will resume during in the 110th Congress.

[Section 108 Study Group]{.underline}

The Section 108 Study Group, convened under the aegis of the National
Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP),
and co-sponsored by the U.S. Copyright Office, began its work in the
spring of 2005. The goal of the group, named after the section of the
U.S. Copyright Act that provides limited exceptions for libraries and
archives, is to prepare findings and make recommendations to the
Librarian of Congress and Register of Copyrights by mid-2007 on possible
revisions of the law that reflect reasonable uses of copyrighted works
by libraries and archives in the digital age. This effort will seek to
strike the appropriate balance between copyright holders and libraries
and archives in a manner that best serves the public interest.

The creation of the Study Group was prompted in part by the increasing
use of digital media. Digital technologies are radically transforming
how copyrighted works are created and disseminated, and also how
libraries and archives preserve and make those works available. Cultural
heritage institutions, in carrying forward their missions, have begun to
acquire and incorporate large quantities of "born digital" works (those
created in digital form) into their holdings to ensure the continuing
availability of those works to future generations.

Section 108 of the Copyright Act permits libraries and archives to make
certain uses of copyrighted materials in order to serve the public and
ensure the availability of works over time. Among other things, section
108 provides limited exceptions for libraries and archives to make
copies in specified instances for preservation, replacement and patron
access. These provisions were drafted with analog materials in mind,
and, as has been observed, do not adequately address many of the issues
unique to digital media, either from the perspective of right holders or
libraries and archives. The work of the Section 108 Study Group will be
to review and document how section 108 should be revised in light of the
changes wrought by digital technologies, while maintaining balance
between the interests of rights holders and library and archive patrons.

The Section 108 Study Group is made up of copyright experts from various
fields, including law, publishing, libraries, archives, film, music,
software and photography. It is co-chaired by Laura Gasaway, associate
dean for academic affairs and professor of law at the University of
North Carolina, and Richard Rudick, former vice president and general
counsel of John Wiley and Sons. The group meets for two days every other
month; it has met ten times so far, and its next meeting will take place
in Chicago, Illinois, on February 1-2, 2007.

The Study Group hosted public roundtables in March 2006 in Los Angeles
and Washington, D.C., where stakeholders from memory institutions and
content providers met to discuss the following issues: institutional
eligibility for the section 108 exceptions; offsite access to digital
replacement copies; up-front preservation of published works; and Web
site harvesting and preservation. In addition, the Study Group solicited
written comments on these issues, which are available on the group\'s
Web site ( <http://www.loc.gov/section108/> ) along with complete
roundtable transcripts.

Another roundtable will take place on January 31, 2007 in Chicago,
concerning copies for users, interlibrary loan, and access to electronic
works. Written comments on these issues are also being solicited. The
Federal Register announcement of this roundtable and solicitation of
comments is available at
<http://www.copyright.gov/fedreg/2006/71fr70434.html> .

An interim report of the Study Group's work to date is scheduled to be
published in February 2007. The Study Group's final report of its
recommendations is scheduled to be delivered to the Librarian of
Congress and the Register of Copyrights in mid-2007.

[Triennial Anticircumvention Rulemaking]{.underline}

In 1998, Congress enacted the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. As part
of that enactment, Congress created a triennial rulemaking process to be
conducted by the Copyright Office, in consultation with the National
Telecommunications and Information Administration, in order to determine
whether the prohibition on circumvention of technological measures that
protect access to copyrighted works does or is likely to adversely
affect noninfringing uses of copyrighted works by users of those works.
At the conclusion of the rulemaking process, the Register of Copyrights
presents her recommendations to the Librarian of Congress for
consideration of whether or not exemptions should issue for the next
three-year period.

The Copyright Office initiated the third anticircumvention rulemaking on
October 3, 2005, inviting commenters to propose exemptions to the
prohibition on circumvention for the three-year period beginning on
October 28, 2006. The 74 written comments and 35 reply comments are
available for viewing on the Copyright Office's Web site at
[[http://www.copyright.gov/1201/2006/comments/index.html]{.underline}](http://www.copyright.gov/1201/2006/comments/index.html)
.

On March 23, 2006, the Copyright Office held a hearing in Palo Alto,
Calif., and then conducted four days of hearings at the Library of
Congress in late March and early April. The transcripts for these
hearings have all been posted on the Copyright Office's Web site at
<http://www.copyright.gov/1201/2006/index.html>.

Library groups have been involved in this rulemaking process from its
inception and have proposed exemptions to the prohibition for the next
three-year period. The Librarian's final decision was published in the
Federal Register on November 27, 2006. Both that decision and the final
recommendation of the Register of Copyrights to the Librarian of
Congress upon which it is based are available on the Copyright Office's
Web site at
[[http://www.copyright.gov/1201/]{.underline}](http://www.copyright.gov/1201/)
.

Following the Register's recommendation, the Librarian issued six
exemptions; carrying over three from the previous rulemaking concerning
access to ebooks for the vision impaired, access to software protected
by malfunctioning and obsolete dongles, and access to software that has
become obsolete and which requires original media or hardware for
access. The three new exemptions address the use of DVDs in film or
media studies classes, investigating and correcting security
vulnerabilities created by technological measures, and access to
firmware on mobile phones that prevents the use of that phone on other
networks. In response to the last exemption, a wireless phone provider,
TracFone, filed suit in federal court seeking to overturn the
Librarian's decision and arguing that the entire rulemaking process is
unconstitutional.

Further information on the current rulemaking and the entire record for
prior rulemakings is available on the Copyright Office's 1201 page at
URL <http://www.copyright.gov/1201/index.html>.

[WIPO Proposed Treaty on the Protection of the Rights of Broadcasting
Organizations]{.underline}

For the past eight years and since the first meeting of its Standing
Committee on Copyright and Related Rights (SCCR) in November 1998, the
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) has been addressing the
topic of updating the protection of the rights of broadcasting
organizations (including cablecasting organizations). Although
broadcasters' rights are protected under some existing international
agreements, such as under the 1961 Convention for the Protection of
Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations (Rome
Convention) and the World Trade Organization's Agreement on
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs Agreement),
there has been increasing concern that changes in technology and the
opening up of much of the world to commercial broadcasting have made the
protection provided in those agreements ineffective to protect broadcast
signals against piracy. Any new treaty would be intended to protect the
broadcaster's signal, not the contents of the broadcast, which contents,
if protected, are typically protected by copyright. The justification
offered for this protection is the investment of financial and
intellectual resources broadcasters make in arranging, scheduling, and
airing broadcasts.

At the September 2006 WIPO General Assembly, the decision was taken to
convene two special sessions of the SCCR to clarify the outstanding
issues. The first special session will be held on January 17 to 19,
2007, and the second one in June 2007 in conjunction with the meeting of
the preparatory committee. It is understood that the special sessions of
the SCCR should aim to agree and finalize, on a signal-based approach,
the objectives, specific scope and object of protection with a view to
submitting to the Diplomatic Conference a revised basic proposal. If
such agreement is achieved, the Diplomatic Conference will be convened
in November, 2007. If no such agreement is achieved, further discussions
will resume.

The United States position on this proposed treaty is that generally an
update for protection in this area may be warranted and any update to
protection should be extended to cablecasters, satellitecasters and
webcasters/netcasters (i.e., those who do broadcast-like activities over
a computer network), as well as conventional broadcasters. In order to
accommodate other member countries and reach consensus, the U.S. has
recently agreed that any Treaty that moves to a Diplomatic Conference in
2007 will not cover webcasting/netcasting. The U.S. remains concerned
about certain provisions contained within the draft basic proposal and
will be working in 2007 to narrow the draft basic proposal to a
supportable document before it will agree to move forward to a
Diplomatic Conference.

In developing the U.S. proposal, the Copyright Office and the United
States Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) conducted broad-based
consultations with civil society groups interested in protecting
consumers in the digital age, broadcasting and content industries. The
Copyright Office has held or attended several meetings with groups such
as ALA, CPTech (Consumer Project on Technology), EFF (Electronic
Frontier Foundation), Public Knowledge, National Association of
Broadcasters, Motion Picture Association, The Digital Media Association,
Verizon, Intel, as well as with other groups that may have an interest
in the discussions at WIPO, in order to better understand and address
concerns about the impact of a possible treaty on copyright-protected
works and works in the public domain. The Copyright Office and PTO have
held two public roundtable discussions concerning the work at WIPO on
this proposed Treaty on the Protection of the Rights of Broadcasting
Organizations. The latest roundtable took place on January 3, 2007, in
Alexandria, Va.

[Reengineering of the Copyright Office]{.underline}

The Copyright Office is nearing the end of a multi-year effort to
reengineer its principal public services. The objectives of the
reengineering program are to improve the efficiency and timeliness of
Copyright Office public services; to provide more services online; to
ensure the prompt availability of new Copyright records; to provide
better tracking of individual items in the workflow; and to increase the
acquisition of digital works for the Library of Congress collections.
The Office's implementation efforts during 2006 continued to focus on
the three fronts that support the reengineered processes: organization,
information technology, and facilities. Since the three fronts are
interconnected and the Office must provide uninterrupted customer
service, full implementation will occur simultaneously when the new
processes begin in mid-2007. Pilot projects are underway to test and
improve the new processes and IT systems.

As part of the reengineering program, the Office will reorganize, and in
some cases realign, its divisions so that they are organized around a
process to promote accountability for end products and services. New job
roles will include duties associated with the new processes. The
reorganization encourages a team-based environment, with jobs that
include a variety of duties to enhance existing skill sets of the
current staff and enable the organization to deploy staff to respond
quickly to fluctuations in workloads across the Office. An extensive
cross-training program began in 2005 to prepare examiners and catalogers
to perform the combined duties of the proposed registration specialist
position, which will include both examining claims and creating
registration records. A complete reorganization package was submitted to
the Library for approval in November 2006.

In 2003 the Office selected SRA International, Inc., of Fairfax,
Virginia, to design and develop a new systems infrastructure that
integrates functions currently performed by several IT systems and
applications. The integrated IT infrastructure, to be known as *eCO*
(Electronic Copyright Office), uses Siebel customer relationship
management and case management software, along with Captiva optical
character recognition software. The Office is still exploring search
engines such as Discovery Finder (formerly ENCompass) from Endeavor
Information Systems.

In February 2005 the Office began a pilot project to process certain
motion picture claims through *e*CO. Based on change requests submitted
by staff working in the pilot, improvements were made to *eCO* through a
number of software releases. A major IT development occurred later in
the year with the implementation of the online web portal that allows
users to submit electronic applications for pre-registration and to pay
fees with a credit card or ACH debit through a seamless link to the U.S.
Treasury's Pay.gov Web site. The portal, which serves as the model for
providing full electronic registration service to the public, opened on
November 15, 2005, and functioned successfully during its first year of
use. In December 2006 the Office began a pilot project for electronic
registration using several applicants who regularly submit claims
through the Copyright Office Electronic Registration, Recordation, and
Deposit System (CORDS), a prototype system in use for electronic
registration since 1996.

Approximately 460 staff and contractors moved to temporary swing space
in Crystal City (Arlington, Virginia) in July 2006; other staff moved to
swing space within the Capitol Hill complex, and a few remained in
place. Second, after years of planning, the Architect of the Capitol
began the renovation of Copyright Office space. Three divisions moved to
newly-renovated spaces in December and January. The remaining renovation
is scheduled for completion by mid-2007 with the majority of staff
moving back to the Madison Building in July 2007.

The Copyright Office has involved internal stakeholders throughout the
reengineering process, including staff and management at all levels, on
teams, task groups, and pilot projects. In addition, the Office
identified stakeholders from the Library of Congress, including affected
staff and managers from Library Services and the various infrastructure
groups. A variety of media and methods are used to share
reengineering-related news with stakeholders, including *ReNews* (the
reengineering newsletter), *Renews Lite* (an email version used for
quick updates), articles in *Copyright Notices,* a Reengineering
Intranet Web site, "All Hands" staff meetings, and meetings with Library
of Congress staff and managers.

The next seven months will see the Office accelerating its training
schedule for the new system, adding more types of registration claims to
its pilot projects, staffing its new organization, and preparing for the
move back to the Madison Building at which time the full implementation
of the reengineering program will occur.

**OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN**

**CONGRESSIONAL RELATIONS OFFICE (CRO)**

*110^th^ Congress: Changes for the Library*

[Leadership.]{.underline} Sen. Harry Reid (D-NV) is the Senate Majority
Leader, and Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY) is Senate Minority Leader. In
the House, Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) was elected by roll call vote in
that chamber; Democrats appointed Rep. Steny Hoyer (D-MD) as Majority
Leader, and Republicans chose Rep. John Boehner (R-OH) as Minority
Leader.

A few days after the November 2006 elections, the prospective new
leaders (and other members seeking leadership positions) held several
receptions and orientation events for the newly-elected members of the
House of Representatives (42 new Democratic and 13 new Republican
members). Many of these events were held in the Library of Congress, and
new members had a chance to see the Main Reading Room and learn about
how the Library serves Congress and the public.

Rep. Keith Ellison (D-Minn.), the first Muslim elected to Congress, took
his individual ceremonial oath of office on Jan. 4 using Thomas
Jefferson\'s copy of the Koran, found in LC's Rare Book and Special
Collections Division. Jefferson\'s personal copy of George Sale's 1734
translation of the Koran, commonly called the "Alcoran of Mohammed"
(London: Hawes, Clarke, Collins and Wilcox, 1764), was one of nearly
6,500 titles sold to Congress by Jefferson in 1815 to replace the
Congressional Library that had been destroyed when the British burned
the Capitol during the War of 1812.

Reps. Sander Levin (D-Mich.) and Brad Sherman (D-Calif.) took their
oaths of office on the first Hebrew Bible printed in the U.S.

[Oversight.]{.underline} The Library's oversight committees, which
consider any legislation relating to the Library's operations and
programs, will be chaired by Democratic members in the 110^th^ Congress,
and there will likely be new staff handling Library issues in both the
House and Senate.

The Committee on House Administration will be chaired by Rep. Juanita
Millender-McDonald of California. Chairman Millender-McDonald served in
the 109^th^ Congress as ranking Democrat on the committee, and has
become familiar with the Library over the last two years. She was
actively engaged in issues relating to commemorative events and employee
job security. Other House Committee assignments had not been completed
as of January 4.

The full roster of the Library's Senate oversight committee, Rules and
Administration, has been announced. The new Chairman will be Sen. Dianne
Feinstein (D-CA) and Sen. Robert Bennett (R-UT) will be ranking member.

**Senate Committee on Rules and Administration**

**Democrats (10)**

Dianne Feinstein, Calif. *(Chairwoman)*

Christopher J. Dodd, Conn.

Robert C. Byrd, W.Va.

Daniel K. Inouye, Hawaii

Charles E. Schumer, N.Y.

Richard J. Durbin, Ill.

Ben Nelson, Neb.

Byron L. Dorgan, N.D.

Patty Murray, Wash.

Mark Pryor, Ark.

**Republicans (9)**

Robert F. Bennett, Utah

Ted Stevens, Alaska

Mitch McConnell, Ky.

Thad Cochran, Miss.

Trent Lott, Miss.

Saxby Chambliss, Ga.

Kay Bailey Hutchison, Texas

Chuck Hagel, Neb.

Lamar Alexander, Tenn.

[Appropriations.]{.underline} The Library is in the process of
finalizing its fiscal year 2008 budget submission with the
Appropriations Committees.

The House has re-constituted the Legislative Branch subcommittee of the
Appropriations Committee; a new committee member, Rep. Debbie Wasserman
Schultz (D-FL), will chair the subcommittee in the 110^th^ Congress.
Sen. Mary Landrieu (D-LA) will chair the subcommittee in the Senate.

[Legislation.]{.underline} Last year, Ms. Millender-McDonald, as ranking
Democrat on the Committee on House Administration, introduced the
Library of Congress Employee Transition Assistance Act, H.R. 5328. As
chair of the committee, she will likely re-introduce this bill in the
next few weeks. This bill treats Library employees as "competitive
service" federal employees for purposes of eligibility for jobs in the
executive branch, and gives the same priority to Library employees under
a reduction-in-force for executive branch jobs as similarly situated
employees in the executive branch.

The Library will be seeking reauthorization for the National Sound
Recording Preservation Program during the 110^th^ Congress; current
authorization expires in 2008.

[Congressional focus on the Library.]{.underline} The Library will
invite Members to the upcoming Kissinger lecture on February 27th,
featuring former Secretary of State James Baker. The Law Library's
events this year commemorating its 175^th^ anniversary will be
highlighted, particularly for members of the House and Senate Judiciary
Committees. With new oversight and appropriations staff coming on board,
CRO will likely conduct additional tours of the National Audio-Visual
Conservation Center at Culpeper, Va., as construction nears completion.

CRO has also prepared a new information brochure for wide distribution
in Members' offices, focusing on Library services to members, staff and
constituents. We will continue to update and add features to our
members/staff-only web gateway, LCNet.

[Copyright Fees]{.underline} - see [U.S. Copyright Office]{.underline}

[Orphan Works]{.underline} - see [U.S. Copyright Office]{.underline}

[Section 108]{.underline} - see [U.S. Copyright Office]{.underline}

**NATIONAL BOOK FESTIVAL**

The sixth annual National Book Festival, co-sponsored by the Library and
First Lady Laura Bush, took place on the National Mall Saturday,
September 30, 2006. Renowned authors of fiction, mystery, history,
biography, home and family non-fiction, children's and young adult
literature, and poetry were on hand to speak, answer questions and sign
books.

**OFFICE OF SECURITY AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS**

The Office of Security and Emergency Preparedness (OSEP) continued
developing the Library's security program, focusing especially on
building the Emergency Preparedness Program. The office has hired two
emergency management specialists for OSEP's Office of Emergency
Preparedness to coordinate the program. OSEP coordinated distribution of
shelter-in-place supplies for key locations and distribution of new
escape hoods approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health. The Library's enhanced public address system is being
installed in the Library's Capitol Hill buildings and is expected to be
operational by mid-2007. OSEP initiated and is coordinating development
of a Continuity of Operations Plan for a pandemic health emergency at
the Library, working in collaboration with Health Services, Human
Resources Services, Information Technology Services, and the Library's
service and support units.

OSEP and the Collections Security Oversight Committee continued
strengthening the Library's collections security program through the
Strategic Plan for Safeguarding the Collections, which integrates
physical security, preservation, and inventory management controls
protecting the Library's collections; the Site Assistance Visit program;
and the staff and patron security Web sites. OSEP staff members
collaborate with counterparts in national and international
organizations concerning security and emergency preparedness.

OSEP coordinated completion of additional major security enhancements at
the Library's three main buildings on Capitol Hill under the Library's
1999 Security Enhancement Implementation Plan, which consisted of three
components: law enforcement enhancements; command and control; and entry
and perimeter security. In preparation for the connection of the Library
of Congress with the new Capitol Visitor Center, police facilities in
the Thomas Jefferson Building were upgraded and relocated in 2006 to
accommodate construction of the passageway connecting the Jefferson
Building and the Capitol Visitor Center. OSEP is effecting security
coordination for the new passageway and the impending New Visitors
Experience in the Jefferson Building.

**LIBRARY SERVICES**

[Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control]{.underline}

Associate Librarian for Library Services Deanna Marcum has convened a
Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control to examine the
future of bibliographic description in the 21st century. Composed of
leading managers of libraries, library organizations, OCLC, Inc.,
Google, Inc., and Microsoft, Inc., the working group is chaired by
José-Marie Griffiths, dean of the School of Information and Library
Science at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Building on
the work and results of the Library\'s Bicentennial Conference on
Bibliographic Control for the New Millennium (2000), the new group will
present findings on how bibliographic control and other descriptive
practices can effectively support management of and access to library
materials in the evolving information and technology environment;
recommend ways in which the library community can collectively move
toward achieving this vision; and advise the Library of Congress on its
role and priorities.

The working group met for the first time on November 2-3 at LC. The
group has decided to hold three invitational regional meetings during
2007. The venues will be in or near large airports in different regions
of the U.S. to make it easier for a broad range of participants to
travel to the meetings. Each regional meeting will focus on one of three
themes: Uses and Users, Structures and Standards, and Economics and
Organization. The meetings will be preceded by distribution of a
background paper that gives an overview of the current environment in
which bibliographic control operates.

In July or August, after the three meetings have taken place, the
Working Group will meet again to draft a report and recommendations by
September 1 for public comments, which will be taken into account in the
group's final report, to be issued by November 1, 2007. More information
on the Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic
Control is available at a special public Web site,
<http://www.loc.gov/bibliographic-future/> .

**AMERICAN FOLKLIFE CENTER**

The American Folklife Center (AFC) was created by Congress in 1976 to
preserve and present American Folklife. The AFC's archive was
established in the Library of Congress in 1928 and is now one of the
largest collections of ethnographic material from the U.S. and around
the world. One of AFC's major initiatives is the Veterans History
Project (VHP), which was established by Congress in 2000 to preserve the
reminiscences of the nation's war veterans. AFC administers research,
documentation, national programs and collaborative partnerships with
public and private organizations.

AFC continued to work in partnership with the American Folklore Society
(AFS) to complete the development of an Ethnographic Thesaurus for the
benefit of ethnographic archives worldwide. The project is funded by a
\$484,000 grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.

AFC continued to work with the Institute for Cultural Partnerships, the
American Society of Human Genetics and the Genetic Alliance on the
\"Healthy Choices Through Family History Awareness Project.\" The
project uses ethnographic fieldwork to elicit health-related narratives,
assisting health professionals and families in the identification of
risk factors to help determine best medical care. Funding in the amount
of \$400,000 comes from the Health Resources and Services Administration
of the Department of Health and Human Services.

Maggie Kruesi, cataloger and folklorist, will represent the American
Folklife Center in the Library of Congress Exhibit Booth in Seattle.

[Veterans History Project (VHP)]{.underline}

Completing its sixth year in 2006, the Veterans History Project (VHP) of
the American Folklife Center continues its success in collecting and
preserving the wartime remembrances of America's wartime veterans from
World War I up to the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Through
the current receipt of 250 submissions per week, the Veterans History
Project has grown into the largest oral history collection in the U.S.
with over 45,000 collections that include recorded interviews, written
memoirs, and tens of thousands of photographs and personal documents.

The Veterans History Project reaches out nationwide to individual
volunteers and organizations asking them to serve as interviewers of
veterans. Important participants in the project have been over 60 public
and institutional libraries located nation-wide. Libraries have proven
to be natural locations for the promotion of the VHP as well as
excellent venues where interviews can be conducted to project
guidelines. The VHP staff has consistently promoted libraries in this
manner for those seeking to implement the project in their community.

For additional information about the VHP or to search the veterans'
collection database, go to the Web site,\
\< <http://www.loc.gov/vets/> \>, or call the toll-free number
1-888-371-5848.

**ACQUISITIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC ACCESS DIRECTORATE (ABA)**

In fiscal year 2006, ABA cataloged a total of 346,182 bibliographic
volumes (new works, added volumes, and items added to collection-level
records), the highest total in its history, representing an increase of
more than ten per cent over the 312,818 bibliographic volumes cataloged
in fiscal 2005. This was the second year in a row that the ABA divisions
achieved all-time production highs. Production of full or core original
cataloging, the most expensive category of cataloging for the general
collections, increased significantly to 199,223 records compared to
185,531 the previous year. These records have complete description,
subject analysis, and Library of Congress Classification numbers, as
well as full authority records for all descriptive and subject access
points, which are drawn from controlled vocabularies.

[ABA Web Site Redesign]{.underline}

The Library\'s new Cataloging and Acquisitions Web site was launched on
January 4, 2007. The Office of Strategic Initiatives worked with ABA to
redesign the entire top level of the site, the better to meet the needs
of catalogers and other individuals who use the Library\'s cataloging
and related resources. The feedback from six focus groups held at ALA
2006 Midwinter Meeting in San Antonio was very helpful. The redesigned
Web site has a new URL,
\<[[http://www.loc.gov/aba/]{.underline}](http://www.loc.gov./aba/)\>.

[African/Asian Acquisitions and Overseas Operations
Division]{.underline}

Michael Albin, former field director of the Cairo Office and former
chief of the Anglo-American Acquisitions Division (at the time of his
retirement) has agreed to come back to the Library for 120 days as
acting field director of the Cairo Office, beginning in October 2006.
Linda Stubbs, acting chief of the Special Materials Cataloging Division,
began a detail for 120 days as acting field director in Rio de Janeiro
at the end of November.

[Bibliographic Enrichment Activities Team (BEAT)]{.underline}

Staff in ABA lead the Library's inter-divisional Bibliographic
Enrichment Advisory Team (BEAT), which initiates research and
development projects to increase the value of cataloging products to
library users. The team's best-known project is the enrichment of online
catalog records by providing electronic table of contents data (TOC). In
fiscal 2006, BEAT-developed software supported the inclusion of TOC in
more than 28,488 records for Electronic Cataloging in Publication titles
and enabled links to and from another 21,044 catalog records to D-TOC,
or digital tables of contents, which resided on a server. The BEAT ONIX
projects linked LC catalog records to tables of contents, publisher
descriptions, sample text, book jacket illustrations, author
information, and reading group guides provided by publishers in ONIX
(Online Information Exchange), the standard for communicating book
industry product information in electronic form. At year's end there
were 636,415 links from LC catalog records to ONIX-derived enhancements,
including links to 33,510 sample texts and more than 272,000 publisher
descriptions of their publications.

The BEAT team originated the project to reclassify and provide
significantly improved access to tens of thousands of pre-1970
Congressional hearings and move them to the custody of the Law Library
of Congress, resulting in improved service to the Congress, centralized
availability of information that was widely dispersed throughout the
Library\'s collections, modernization and uniformity of catalog formats
for the hearings, and addition or inclusion of other information, such
as the existence and location of alternate data sources. In July 2006,
Google, Inc., began to digitize the reclassified hearings for the Law
Library, a project that builds on the successful BEAT project.

[Cataloging in Publication (CIP)]{.underline}

CIP staff will meet with members of the CIP Advisory Group to discuss a
draft of *Poised for Change: Survey Findings and Recommendations of the
CIP Review Group*. The CAG meeting is Saturday, January 20, 2006 from
10:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m, Washington State Trade and Convention Center,
Room 302. The meeting will obtain CAG member input regarding any aspect
of the draft document and its recommendations during this formative
stage of its development.

Since 1971, the CIP program has provided libraries, publishers, book
sellers, and the information community over a million catalog
records\--all conforming to the *Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules* and
MARC standards. While the CIP program has grown significantly over the
years, the resources that support it have not. Given limited resources
and dramatic changes in information technology, it is essential to
appraise the program to determine its future. To do this the CIP
Division designed three separate surveys to gather input from customers
of the Library's MARC Distribution Services, the publisher community,
and the American library community. All surveys were complete by August
18. Data analysis from the surveys informed the draft of *Poised for
Change*.

CAG members who have confirmed that they will attend the meeting
received paper copies of the lengthy draft via US Postal Service mail,
with a request that they annotate their copies to indicate any issues or
questions they may have. As time permits these issues will be discussed
at the CAG meeting. The copies will be collected at the end of the
meeting so CIP staff can review them methodically at LC to ensure that
all CAG concerns are addressed.

*ECIP Replaces Conventional CIP Program.* Effective January 2007, the
conventional (paper) program ceased to be a standard mode for obtaining
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication (CIP) data. The electronic
CIP (ECIP) program became the standard. Paper applications are now
restricted to the following:

Books in non-English languages (other than modern Western European
languages)

Books with diacritics (other than those occurring in modern Western
European languages) appearing anywhere on the title page

Books consisting chiefly of graphic images, tables, charts or
mathematical or chemical formulas, etc.

Paper applications that do not meet these criteria will be returned to
the publisher. The CIP publisher liaison staff will assist publishers in
making the transition to the electronic mode ( <http://cip.loc.gov/> ).
Publishers unable to participate in the ECIP program should consider the
Electronic Preassigned Control Number program ( <http://pcn.loc.gov/>)as
an alternative.

[Cataloging Policy: Cataloging Policy and Support Office
(CPSO)]{.underline}

[CPSO Web site]{.underline}

The Library\'s new Cataloging and Acquisitions Web site was launched on
January 4, 2007. The former Cataloging Policy and Support Office Web
site has been incorporated into the new Web site. All of the material
formerly available on the CPSO Web site, including the subject headings
and classification weekly lists, is now accessible via the Cataloging
and Acquisitions Web site. Users who attempt to access the old CPSO Web
site will be automatically redirected to the new site, but are advised
to update their bookmarks to the new URL <http://www.loc.gov/aba/>

[Descriptive cataloging]{.underline}

[CONSER standard record]{.underline}. The Policy Committee of the
Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) has endorsed the
recommendations of the final reports submitted by the Access Level
Record for Serials Working Group and the Working Group on Authentication
Codes and Encoding Levels for Serials and Integrating Resources. The
implementation of the CONSER standard record will occur in two stages.
The date for the first stage has been set for February 1, 2007.
Implemented at that time will be changes from AACR2 supported by policy
decisions recorded in the drafts of Library of Congress Rule
Interpretations, posted at URL
<http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/conser.html>; also implemented then will
be a change in LC/PCC policy to supply conflict-breaking uniform titles
in only some situations. (The second stage of the implementation is
scheduled for May or June of 2007.) The goal is to provide in an
effective and timely manner a record that consistently ensures
identification of and access to a serial title. To that end, the Working
Group defined the set of required elements needed in every CONSER
standard record. All other elements are optional, but not precluded, and
can be added as needed based on cataloger\'s judgment. The new CONSER
documentation posted at <http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/conser.html>
supports the CONSER standard record. The new and revised LCRIs support
the policy decisions allowing different practices from earlier
interpretations of AACR2 rules. The deadline for comments on the draft
versions of the CONSER documentation and of the LCRIs is January 29,
2007. Send comments on the CONSER documentation to Diane Boehr
(boehrd@mail.nlm.nih.gov) and Regina Reynolds (rrey@loc.gov); send
comments on the LCRIs to <cpso@loc.gov> . The comments to CPSO should
relate to the clarity of the wording of the documents, not to decisions
related to the adoption of the CONSER standard record. The final version
of the CONSER documentation and the LCRIs will be available at URL
<http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/conser.html> [until the 2007 Update 2 of
*Cataloger\'s Desktop.*]{.underline}

[Non-roman data in authority records]{.underline}. The Library of
Congress has initiated discussions with major authority record exchange
partners (OCLC, British Library, National Library of Medicine, Library
and Archives Canada) to outline the steps necessary to provide non-roman
data in authority records issued as part of the LC/NAF (Name Authority
File). An early agreement has been reached to use the "regular" MARC 21
tags for including non-roman data (e.g., 4XX, 7XX) in authority records,
rather than paired "regular" and 880 fields, which is the current model
for bibliographic record exchange. A proposed model for when and how to
record non-roman forms of established headings, and a timeline for
including the data in NACO distributions are currently under discussion.
LC and the NACO partners will release information on this timeline as it
becomes available.

[PCC series training]{.underline}. CPSO senior cataloging policy
specialist Judith Kuhagen and senior cataloger Melanie Polutta were
invited by Duke University Libraries, Durham, North Carolina, to provide
series training on November 15-17, 2006, for catalogers from Duke and
the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Series training will be
offered for PCC participants at LC in May 2007.

[RDA meetings with U.S. national libraries]{.underline}. Barbara
Tillett, chief of CPSO, met with cataloging managers from the National
Agricultural Library and the National Library of Medicine to update them
on developments related to the draft of *Resource Description and
Access* (RDA, the cataloging rules that will replace AACR2), after the
Joint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR met at LC in October.
Future meetings will be held to keep all informed about RDA developments
and to plan the implementation of RDA at the national libraries.

[Subject cataloging]{.underline}.

[Changes to subject headings for God]{.underline}. Recognizing the
increased diversity in religious backgrounds of Americans and other
populations that use LCSH, CPSO revised the headings for God to provide
a distinction in access between general and comparative works (under the
unqualified heading God) and works from a Christian perspective (under
the heading God (Christianity)). These revisions provide a uniform
treatment for the concept in all religions, since the headings for other
religions were already established as God (Islam); God (Judaism); etc.

[Library of Congress Classification]{.underline}. Available in 2007 will
be new editions of E-F (History: American (Western Hemisphere)), H
(Social Sciences), M (Music and Books on Music), N (Fine Arts), PN
(Literature (General)), Q (Science), and T (Technology).

CPSO has recently completed a project to add Chinese characters to the
names of individual authors listed in PL2661-2979 in the Library of
Congress Classification. For most authors, both the traditional and
simplified Chinese characters are provided in addition to the romanized
name. As new authors are added in the future, both the romanized and
Chinese forms will be supplied. CPSO gratefully acknowledges the
generous assistance of James K. Lin, Liang-yuh Tang, and Chiun Kwan
Chau, of the staff of the Harvard-Yenching Library, in completing this
project. CPSO has started a project to include Greek characters in
PA3818-PA4505 (Greek literature--Individual authors to 600 A.D.)

A new automated system for submitting classification proposals and
producing the Library of Congress Classification Weekly Lists was
implemented on November 13, 2006. This new classification proposal
system is being used by LC catalogers and PCC SACO participants who
subscribe to *Classification Web.* Users of LC Classification Weekly
Lists will have noticed a change in the appearance of the weekly lists
beginning with List 49 (December 6, 2006), with the implementation of
this new automated system for producing the lists. The most noticeable
change is the absence of italicized \"anchor\" numbers and lines, which
formerly served to indicate the location of new numbers and captions.
New captions are now accompanied by their full hierarchy, which show the
location of the caption in context.

[Form/genre headings: moving images and music]{.underline}. CPSO
continues to work with cataloging staff in the Moving Image Section of
the Motion Picture, Broadcast & Recorded Sound Division to analyze the
genre/form terms for moving image materials. Although it was hoped that
draft proposals would be ready for review prior to ALA Midwinter, more
time will be necessary to reach this step. Work on implementing
genre/forms terms for LCSH terms in the discipline of music has been
postponed to allow for the completion of a new edition of Class M (Music
and Books on Music). CPSO will resume work on the project later this
year.

[Database improvement unit]{.underline}. The database improvement unit
in CPSO has updated approximately 875,000 records since the unit was
formed on June 28, 2004. The team corrected obsolete subject headings
and descriptive access points in bibliographic records as well as name
authority records. The team is keeping current with subject heading
updates to bibliographic records prompted by the weekly lists of subject
headings. Approximately 1,000 name headings with open dates have been
updated to include the death date of the individual.

[Cataloging Policy and Tools: Cataloging Distribution Service
(CDS)]{.underline}

[Product pricing.]{.underline} There are no price changes in 2007.

*[Cataloger's Desktop.]{.underline}* This CDS web-based service starts
the new year with close to 1,000 subscribers (and 5,300 concurrent
users). The product now includes 147 resources. For a free 30-day trial
subscription visit <http://www.loc.gov/cds/desktop/OrderForm.html> [.
Product demonstrations can be seen throughout the day at the LC exhibit
booth and at scheduled LC booth theater presentations (check *Cognotes*
for theater times). A new brochure about the product is available at the
booth.]{.underline}

*[Classification Web.]{.underline}* This is CDS's best selling web-based
product with close to 1,780 subscribers. In Fall 2006 CDS automated the
process of submitting new classification proposals and automated the
production of weekly lists. For a free 30-day trial subscription visit
<http://www.loc.gov/cds/classweb/application.html>[. Product
demonstrations can be seen throughout the day at the LC exhibit booth
and at scheduled LC booth theater presentations (check *Cognotes* for
theater times). A new brochure about the product is available at the
booth.]{.underline}

[Cataloger training products.]{.underline} During 2007 four new courses
will be introduced: Metadata Standards and Applications, Principles of
Controlled Vocabulary and Thesaurus Design, Metadata and Digital Library
Development, and Digital Project Management for the 21^st^ Century. A
brochure is available at the booth that describes the courses in some
detail. Visit <http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/> [for updates on course
development status and]{.underline}
<http://www.loc.gov/cds/training.html> [for updates in course materials
availability status.]{.underline}

[Classification schedules.]{.underline} Two new editions of LC
Classification Schedules were published since the 2006 ALA Annual
Conference: P-PZ Tables (2006 edition) and PL-PM: Languages of Eastern
Asia, Oceania; Hyperborean, Indian and Artificial Languages (2006
edition). Available late January 2007 are new editions of H: Social
Sciences (2007 edition) and E-F: History, America (available late
January 2007). During 2007, the following classification schedules will
be published in new editions: M: Music and Books on Music, N: Fine Arts,
PN: Literature (General), Q: Science, and T: Technology. Visit
<http://www.loc.gov/cds/classif.html> for the latest information on LC
Classification.

[MARC 21 documentation.]{.underline} The 2006 Updates to the MARC21
formats will be available in the first half of 2007. New editions of
Concise Formats and MARC Code List for Languages will also be published
in 2007.

[MARC Distribution Service (MDS).]{.underline} As of January 1, 2007,
the following MDS subscription services are no longer available as
separate services: *Books Arabic*, *Books CJK*, *Books Hebrew*,
*Copyright Serials*, and *NUCMC and LC Manuscripts*. The current-year
subscription records to *Books Arabic*, *Books CJK*, *Books Hebrew*, and
*LC Manuscripts* are now included at no extra charge in *Books All*. As
a result, *Books All* now contains more records than ever before. The
retrospective files of each of the above services are still available.
The current-year subscription records to *Copyright Serials* are now
included in *Copyright Monographs*, *Documents, and Serials*. The
current-year subscription and retrospective file services for *Handbook
of Latin American Studies* are now discontinued. However, the database
remains available on the LC Web site at <http://memory.loc.gov/hlas/> in
English, Spanish, and Portuguese. *GPO* retrospective file service is
now discontinued (the subscription service was discontinued in 2006).

[FREE PDF versions of selected publications]{.underline}. The latest
issues of the following publications are available at
<http://www.loc.gov/cds/freepdf.html> as they are published: *Cataloging
Service Bulletin,* updates to *Library of Congress Rule
Interpretations,* updates to *Subject Cataloging Manual: Subject
Headings,* updates to *CONSER Cataloging Manual,* and updates to
*Descriptive Cataloging Manual.* MARC 21 format documentation updates
and *CONSER Editing Guide* updates are expected to be available as they
are published during 2007.

*[Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials.]{.underline} Descriptive
Cataloging of Rare Materials (Books),* 2007 edition, will be published
in late January 2007. The publication is a collaboration between LC and
the Rare Books and Manuscripts Section of ACRL (Association of College
and Research Libraries, an ALA division). In preparation now,
*Descriptive Cataloging of Rare Materials (Serials)* will be published
later in 2007. Other publications in this series are being planned for
future publication.

[CONSER publications.]{.underline} *CONSER Cataloging Manual,* cumulated
2007 edition will be published early- to mid-2007.

[CDS division administration.]{.underline} The following staff will
continue to manage CDS in 2007: Barbara Tillett, acting chief; Tom Yee,
assistant chief of CPSO, who will continue to assist Barbara in her CDS
responsibilities; Bruce Johnson and Loche McLean, rotating acting
assistant chiefs.

CDS continues to experience slower than desirable service to customers,
attributed to retirements of more than 40 percent of its staff on
January 3, 2006 \[sic\]. CDS appreciates customers' continued patience
during this difficult time of reduced staffing.

[Chinese Collections]{.underline}

The ABA Directorate increased its acquisitions of Chinese materials for
the LC collections and greatly improved bibliographic access to these
materials. When funds became available for overtime work in August and
September, Chinese materials were targeted as a special project. In
Chinese, 56,058 items were acquired for the LC collections, including
39,080 serial pieces and 16,129 books; of these, 49,388 were actually
published in China. The bibliographic access teams completed the
cataloging of 481 new serial titles and 3,999 monographs, compared to
8,579 Chinese books cataloged in fiscal year 2005. Staff in ABA also
assisted the Geography and Map Division in cataloging maps for more than
200 Chinese geographic places.

With the termination of the Luce Contemporary China program, the Library
of Congress continued the project by contracting with four regional
bibliographic service representatives in China and Tibet.

[Cooperative Cataloging Programs]{.underline}

In fiscal year 2006, Program for Cooperative Cataloging members
(numbering over 500 institutions around the world) created 175,328 new
name authorities and 9,865 new series authorities through NACO, the
program's name authority component. In SACO, the subject authority
component of the PCC, member institutions contributed 3,619 new Library
of Congress subject headings as well as 2,089 new Library of Congress
Classification numbers. Members of CONSER, the serials cataloging
component of the program, contributed 25,796 new bibliographic records,
while in BIBCO, the PCC's monograph arm, members contributed 73,830 new
bibliographic records, ten percent more than in fiscal 2005. The
Cooperative Cataloging Team, RCCD, with the CONSER coordinator and
CONSER specialist in SRD, provided the secretariat for the PCC. The
chief of the Serial Record Division provided oversight of the Library of
Congress's participation for most of the year.

A large part of the PCC secretariat's energies was absorbed over the
past year by "PCC 2010," the PCC initiative to compose new strategic
directions for the program. The five strategic directions are: 1) Be a
forward thinking, influential leader in the global metadata community;
2) Redefine the common enterprise; 3) Build on, and expand, partnerships
and collaborations in support of the common enterprise; 4) Pursue
globalization; and 5) Lead in the education and training of catalogers.
The merger of the Research Libraries Group (RLG) and OCLC, Inc., and
resulting changes in the workflow environment led to a broad
re-evaluation of the PCC program's goals and activities. This required
extensive re-writing of documentation; liaison work with CDS and OCLC to
ensure uninterrupted data flow as former RLG members began to switch to
OCLC as their contributor platform; and large-scale editing of the PCC
Web site, which is maintained by the Library of Congress.

The University of Hawaii at Manoa joined BIBCO this year, bringing total
membership to 47 institutions. The number of SACO-Only Institutions
continued to grow, both domestically and internationally. The SACO
Program expanded to include the Judaica Subject Authority Funnel
Project, the Northern New England Subject Authority Funnel Project, the
Northern Michigan University Subject Funnel Project, and the Arabic
Subject Funnel Project

International participants now number 72 members on all continents, in
funnels or as independent participants, in NACO, SACO, and in CONSER.
The South Africa funnels have seen reorganization, renaming, and the
technical problems of new MARC21 codes and contribution workflows, but
continue as active participants with expansion training. Outreach
efforts to Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) had a
side benefit in producing a Canada NACO funnel and a Caribbean Funnel
based in the University of the West Indies. This year, international PCC
members created 27.74 percent of all new NACO name authorities.
International CONSER member institutions contributed 3,210 new records,
or 12.44 percent of all new CONSER records.

Staff at several University of California (UC) campuses developed a
CONSER bibliographic funnel, assisted by the University of California,
Los Angeles and the University of California, San Diego. Other new
CONSER members included Serials Solutions, Inc., and Saint Louis
University Pius XII Memorial Library. Connecticut State Library and New
York University Law Library were declared independent Associate level
members during 2006.

[CONSER (Cooperative Online Serials)]{.underline} *- see also*
[Cataloging Policy and Support Office]{.underline}

[Shelf-Ready Projects]{.underline}

The ABA Directorate continued to make use of selected external sources
of data for cataloging. The Casalini Shelf-Ready Project, which began as
a pilot in fiscal 2004, was in full production and proceeded smoothly
throughout the year. For payments totaling \$350,000, the Library's
Italian book dealer, Casalini Libri, provided core-level cataloging and
digital tables of contents for 4,140 books that the Library purchased
from Casalini. When the books arrived, they could be processed on
receipt by acquisitions staff and sent directly to the Collections
Access, Loan, and Management Division or to Binding and Collections
Care, as needed.

Staff of RCCD, AFAOVOP, and the Asian Division planned and coordinated a
successful dealer selection and cataloging experiment with the Japanese
vendor Kinokuniya. The experiment may lead to continued provision of
material and bibliographic data by Kinokuniya in the future.

To address concerns from the larger community about new uses of
commercial data, the director for ABA formed a Vendor Cataloging Task
Force consisting of representatives from large research libraries. The
task force was to consider pricing and distribution models and the
potential for repurposing of cataloging produced by foreign national
libraries.

[Special Materials Cataloging: Electronic Resources, Music, National
Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections]{.underline}

The Computer Files & Microforms Team, Special Materials Cataloging
Division (SMCD), contributed catalog records for the following LC
collections reproduced on microfilm: retrospective telephone directories
from Poland, 1939-1945 and the Lucille Ball/Desi Arnaz scrapbook
collection. The team also cataloged a collection of microfilm on the
Brazilian Labor Party, Partido dos Trabalhadores. Team members continued
working with the Humanities and Social Sciences Division to refine a
draft acquisitions working document for direct access electronic
resources.

During the first three months of fiscal 2007, popular music CDs were
processed by the Music and Sound Recordings teams in SMCD via a
combination of technician copy cataloging and brief record creation.
Utilizing the CD Pop Interface developed by the Motion Picture,
Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division, MSR3 produced brief
bibliographic records with full contents notes. This enabled MSR3 to
recapture currency. The license agreement for the use of AMG (All-Music
Guide) metadata to populate LC sound recording bibliographic records was
completed and signed late in 2006. An MSR cataloger continued processing
the Nijinska manuscript collection devoted to the famous Russian dancer
and choreographer. The sorting and identification of correspondence is
90 percent complete; the Music Division continues to work with
photographs and clippings in the collection.

The National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections Team (NUCMC) worked
with ninety-six repositories. Thirty-six of the repositories were new
participants to the NUCMC program. The team provided new or improved
access to papers of the following Members of Congress: Charles Andrews
(Maine Historical Society), Chester Ashley (Arkansas History
Commission), Owen Brewster (Maine Historical Society), John Chandler
(Maine Historical Society), Joshua Coit (New London County Historical
Society), Edwin Bell Forsythe (Historical Society of Moorestown), John
P. Hale (Maine Historical Society), Hannibal Hamlin (Maine Historical
Society), Orval Howard Hansen (Idaho Oral History Center), Ron Marlenee
(Montana State University-Bozeman), Jim McClure (Idaho Oral History
Center), Norman Y. Mineta (Japanese American National Museum), Edmund S.
Muskie (Maine Historical Society), Isaac Parker (Maine Historical
Society), Elias Perkins (New London County Historical Society), Thomas
B. Reed (Maine Historical Society), James Sullivan (Maine Historical
Society), Peleg Wadsworth (Maine Historical Society), Wallace H. White
(Maine Historical Society), William D. Williamson (Maine Historical
Society), and Robert C. Winthrop (Maine Historical Society).

The Rare Book Team, SMCD, completed the cataloging of the Benjamin
Franklin Collection and Franklin-related titles, the 19th-century
newspaper clippings portion of the James Meredith Toner Collection,
Third Reich monographs, American and European almanacs, and American and
English Trials (Law Library collection of roughly 2,000 accounts of
judicial proceedings). New projects include the cataloging of Kislak
Collection rare books (about 600 pre-1801 titles concerning
pre-Columbian America) and Kislak serials (pre- and post-1800 titles on
Latin America). Ongoing projects include Kislak Collection reference
books (20^th^ century titles on Latin America that support the Kislak
rare collection), Blackstone commentary on English law, and Third Reich
graphic materials from Nazi Germany.

[Bibliographic Access Divisions and Serial Record Division
Production]{.underline}

*Bibliographic Records Completed* FY06 FY05

Full/Core Original 199,223 185,531

Collection-Level Cataloging 4,134 4,441

Copy cataloging 71,312 55,925

Minimal level cataloging [53,618]{.underline} [28,993]{.underline}

Total records completed 328,287 277,453

Total volumes cataloged 346,182 312,818

*Authority Work*

New name authority records 97,392 88,828

New series authority records 6,969\* 9,056

New LC Classification numbers 1,534 1,742

New Library of Congress Subject Headings [6,692]{.underline}
[6,678]{.underline}

Total authority records created 112,587 106,304

\*Production of series authority records ceased on June 1.

**COLLECTIONS AND SERVICES DIRECTORATE**

Jeremy Adamson became acting director for Collections and Services on
February 1. His appointment became permanent on October 10. Dr. Adamson
joined the Library in 2001 as chief of the Prints and Photographs
Division after serving as senior curator at the Renwick Gallery of the
Smithsonian American Art Museum, where he had worked since 1988. He
holds a bachelor's degree in fine art, a master's degree in the history
of art from the University of Toronto, and a doctorate in the history of
art from the University of Michigan. He taught art history at The Johns
Hopkins University and the University of Toronto and served as a
collections curator at several museums, including the National Gallery
of Canada.

[Collections Access, Loan, and Management Division (CALM)]{.underline}

The Special Search staff in CALM completed a highly successful
transition from accepting paper special search requests to an online Web
form available to Library staff and researchers. The Web form allows for
complete tracking of the request from the original request to completion
and closing of the request. Researchers who prefer not to submit an
email address can continue to receive the response by surface mail. The
Special Search Section responded to 2,880 inquiries through the online
special search request form in fiscal 2006.

Advance reserve service continued its steady growth. Through this
program, researchers from outside the metropolitan Washington, D.C.,
area can request books that they will need for their research. In fiscal
2006, CALM pulled 2,704 books for researchers and had them waiting when
the researchers arrived.

During the fiscal year, 30,925 readers were registered in the Library's
Reader Registration Station. The Information Technology Services
Directorate funded a contract with SAIC, Inc., to assess the reader
registration system, as a step in the Library's goal of replacing this
fifteen-year-old system with one that is integrated with other Library
applications and will ensure a continuity of the reader registration
program given the age and compatibility problems of the existing system.

As staffing levels continued to decline with the retirements of sixteen
CALM staff last January, CALM management increased its outsourcing of
behind-the-scenes tasks, awarding the stack maintenance contract to LSSI
in September 2006.

Progress continues in the Library's remote storage facility at Fort
Meade, Md. The Library dedicated and began to occupy Module 1 of the
facility on November 18, 2002. This module houses monographs and bound
periodicals from the general, Asian, African and Middle Eastern and Law
Library collections. It is now completely full, and houses 1.6 million
items.

The Library began to occupy Module 2 on November 4, 2005. Collections
are being transferred from Capitol Hill to Module 2 at the rate of
approximately 4,000 items per day. As with Module 1, the majority of
Module 2 will contain monographs and bound periodicals from the general,
Asian, African and Middle Eastern, and Law Library collections. A small
number of special collections items will also be included. A total of
414,986 items were accessioned and transferred to the Fort Meade
facility during fiscal 2006, bringing the total to 1,991,889 items
stored at the facility by the close of fiscal 2006. We anticipate that,
when full, Module 2 will contain approximately 2.2 million items. At the
current rate of transfer, Module 2 will be full by May 2008.

As more and more items are stored at Ft. Meade, the number of items
requested daily from the facility also increased. A total of 12,469
requests were received and responded to during fiscal 2006. The response
success rate remained at 100 percent.

CALM served on a Library group working with an outside contractor hired
by the Architect of the Capitol (AOC) to assess the current status of
the book conveyor systems in the three Library buildings on Capitol Hill
and to develop options on the future of these aging and often inoperable
systems.

[Digital Reference Team (DRT)]{.underline}

The Digital Reference Team, serving as the public interface for the
Library's digital collections, presented 208 video conferences to 1,790
participants and 26 web conferences that served 171 participants. Onsite
presentations and workshops totaled 56, to more than 1,005 participants
in fiscal year 2006. The Digital Reference Team (DRT) answered a total
of 19,428 Ask-A-Librarian webform inquiries during the year and held
1,379 chat sessions.

Ten Web conference workshop opportunities are published on the web at

<http://www.cilc.org/c/education/content_provider_programs.aspx>
[(select "Library of Congress" from the *Content Provider* drop-down
menu). These web conferences form part of a monthly schedule for web
conferences hosted by The Center for Interactive Learning and
Collaboration. The web conferences are: Sleuthing with Maps; Interest
Fact or Fiction: Web Site Evaluation Strategies; To Light Us To Freedom,
and Glory Again! Civil War Poetry with a Purpose; Analyzing Primary
Sources; Congress Present: Using THOMAS; Gathering Community Stories;
Library of Congress ONLINE!; Make It & Take It; and Treasure
Hunting.]{.underline}

[Web conference workshops and presentations were offered through Online
Programming for All Libraries at\
]{.underline}<http://www.opal-online.org/progschrono.htm>[. The Online
Programming for All Libraries organization targets the audience using
screen readers and other accommodations. The list of OPAL Web
conferences and discussions includes Recipes & Cookbooks: A (Tasty?)
Window Into Our Past; Family Reunions: Exploring Your Roots; Poetry On
High: A History of U.S. Poets Laureate; The Civil Rights Movement in
America: A Tribute to Rosa Parks; and From Telephone to Ice Cream Cone:
Inventions and Their Inventors. A complete listing of current and
archived web discussions is found on the OPAL Web site at]{.underline}
<http://www.opal-online.org/archivegenealogy.htm>[.]{.underline}

[The DRT has created webguides to complement new LC exhibits, the
appointment of the Poet Laureate, and the Web conferences. Examples
include *Finding Franklin: A Resource Guide, Guide to the American
Revolution, 1763-1783, Guide to Materials for Rosa Parks, Guide to
Harlem Renaissance Materials,* and *Donald Hall: Online Resources;* a
complete list is at]{.underline}
<http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/bibguide.html> [.]{.underline}

[Two members of the Digital Reference Team began participating in the
Second Life virtual world exercise this fall in order to bring LC
resources to the participants.]{.underline}

[European Division]{.underline}

Georgette Dorn, chief of the Hispanic Division, has also been Acting
Chief of the European Division since December 2005. Ronald Bachman,
Polish Specialist, and Grant Harris, Romanian and East European
Specialist, were Acting Heads of the European Reading Room during 2006.

The European Division's staff mounted on its home page a listing of
Bulgarian newspapers.

The Embassy of Norway and the European Division organized a symposium to
commemorate the 100^th^ anniversary of Henrik Ibsen's death.

[Federal Research Division (FRD)]{.underline}

[FRD Military Legal Resources Web site.]{.underline} With generous
funding from the Army Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School,
the Military Legal Resources Web site
\<http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/military-legal-resources-home.html\>
continues to increase in size. It now has 708 full-text, searchable
documents relevant to U.S. military law. In the queue is an important
and major collection, *Trial of the Major War Criminals Before the
International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, 14 November 1945--1 October
1946,* Nuremberg, Germany, 1947--1949, 42 volumes. This collection
includes official documents, proceedings, various indexes, other
documents and materials in evidence, in English and German. The FRD
effort will make available in digital form a complete set made up of LC
and Army JAG copies.

[FRD Country Profiles.]{.underline} Funded by the Department of Defense,
the FRD Country Profiles Web site
<http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles.html> [has grown to 49 profiles,
many of which were updated during 2006.]{.underline}

[Geography and Map Division (G&M)]{.underline}

The Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress engages in a wide
variety of programs, from acquisition to cataloging, inventory,
scanning, reference, cartography for Congress, and outreach. The G&M
program is directed toward a continuing desire to create access
increasingly to our unparalleled collections for a whole new body of
users and to improve access to our collections among traditional users.
With increased use and dependence in research on collection content on
the Internet, it is apparent that therein lies a whole new community of
casual and serious researchers who will benefit from knowledge about
maps, map holdings, and reproduction of maps for a whole range of uses.

[Acquisitions]{.underline}

[Waldseemüller map.]{.underline} The Library acquired the 1507 world map
by Martin Waldseemüller in May 2003. Since that time, efforts to place
the map on permanent display have proceeded, and currently LC is working
with the National Institute of Standards (NIST) to have an encasement
constructed which will allow us to display the map in the Library's
Thomas Jefferson Building for a long period of time. The NIST group
developed the Documents of Freedom encasement at the National Archives
several years ago; the Waldseemüller encasement being constructed is the
most ambitious of such projects to date. The encasement is expected to
be ready in the fall of 2007. Following testing to ensure that the
original document is indeed protected, there will be a formal opening of
the world treasure. In October 2007 G&M will host a two-day conference
on the Waldseemüller map at the Library.

[Heezen-Tharp.]{.underline} After several years of work, G&M has
completed the inventory, a register, and filing information on the rich
Bruce Heezen-Marie Tharp collection on their 1940s-1970s work to map the
ocean floor. With emphasis primarily on the Atlantic Ocean, their papers
cover all of the earth's oceans. A wide and rich variety of primary
source data collected by the team over 30 years of research are found in
that collection; as a result of their work, the actual shape of the
mid-Atlantic ridge and the concept of continental drift were confirmed.
Marie Tharp died in August 2006, at the age of 84.

[Cataloging]{.underline}

During the past few years G&M developed a new position description that
is applicable to all new staff and existing catalogers in the division.
That position description calls for wide responsibility for individual
catalogers, from cataloging maps and atlases to maps on compact disk and
Web sites.

An effort is underway to ensure that our rarest atlases and maps are
under full cataloging control. The project for a new vault is moving
forward, with increasing materials under control and more readily
available descriptively to the public.

[Inventory/preservation]{.underline}

[Re-housing of U.S. maps.]{.underline} For the past four years a G&M
team has worked on re-housing/relabeling our title collection of U.S.
maps, pre-1970. At present over 130,000 maps have been re-housed, and an
assessment of preservation concerns made. That project has
systematically worked on the individual state holdings in the Division
and as of this date only a handful of states remain for work. The
largest of those remaining is California. Approximately another 30,000
maps remain to be handled and re-housed.

[Academia Sinica Project.]{.underline} For the past four years G&M has
been engaged in a number of projects, related to retrospective materials
for Asia, from the major efforts of Professor Li Xiaocong, Beijing
University, to identify and to assist us in assessing preservation
concerns for our Chinese maps collection pre 1900, to the work of
Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, in the past two years to scan, to
catalog, maps in our China collection--maps, atlases, set maps.
Professor Li issued a cartobibliography, in Chinese, *A Descriptive
Catalogue of the Traditional Chinese Maps Collected in the Library of
Congress* (Beijing: Cultural Relic Publishing House, 2004). That
publication has appeared on the Internet, thus further enhancing
knowledge of G&M's holdings on China.

[Scanning]{.underline}

The scanning program in G&M is now more than 10 years old. To date, more
than 10,000 maps have been added to the online data base. These items
include many historical materials, much Americana, and, increasingly,
materials from throughout the world. The scanning program is driven by
long range scanning proposals and reader demand for reproductions of
Division materials in digital format. G&M celebrated the posting of its
10,000^th^ map online in September 2006. In the beginning of the program
10 years ago, the division set out to scan popular items in the
collections based on the use of established cartobibliographies as the
framing device. Since the beginning we have placed the panoramic maps,
railroad bibliography, U.S. Civil War, and American Revolutionary War
items online. Today the first three mentioned groups of materials are
practically completed, with new panoramic maps added routinely and with
all Civil War materials except the Sherman Collection being online.

In 2006 the Jedediah Hotchkiss Civil War map collection was digitized. A
year ago G&M entered into an agreement with the Virginia Historical
Society and the Library of Virginia to post Civil War maps in their
collections on the LC Web site.

In the matter of the U.S. Revolutionary War materials, much progress has
been made, yet much remains to be done. G&M added the Rochambeau
Collection online, but yet to be scanned are several items, including
nearly 1,800 Atlantic Neptune sheets in the G&M collection. In the
meanwhile the division continues to receive requests for county
landownership maps, set map segments, World War II and other conflict
data, increasingly maps from the Luso-Hispanic world, cartobibliography,
and so on. The project with Readex has made progress in scanning the US
Serial Set maps, those that contain any coloration. Also, G&M has
considered proposals from the University of Texas and the University
System of California and Stanford University to scan, with their
support, pre-1923 Sanborn fire insurance map sheets for their respective
states.

The G&M collections now contain approximately 5.5 million map sheets,
80,000 atlases, 500 globes and globe gores, 3,000 raised relief images,
and over 18,000 CDs containing maps. Since the institution of machine
readable cataloging in the early 1970s, approximately 500,000
bibliographic records have been created; that number is strongly
represented by contemporary maps, i.e., those acquired since 1970.

[Reference]{.underline}

The G&M Reading Room Team has continued to build its Web site, listing
finding aids of use to the researcher. In addition to works on
Afghanistan and genealogical materials for Central and Eastern Europe,
the 9 volume Phillips-LeGear's *A List of Geographical Atlases in the
Library of Congress* has been scanned and will be mounted shortly. Work
continues in editing an online version of *Insurance Maps in the Library
of Congress* (1981). Also, a work by Mike Kline of the Reading Room on
the Louisiana Purchase will be forthcoming shortly.

[Cartography for Congress]{.underline}

The Division's main entry into the GIS field has been through our
Congressional Cartography Program. The two cartographer positions (one
became vacant in January 2006) are actively engaged with individual
Congressional requests, committee requests, and those long term research
projects received through the Library's Congressional Research Service.
The program has effectively met congressional demand for timely maps
depicting every imaginable topic, from the impact of hurricanes Katrina
and Rita on the Gulf Coast, to the long term impact of the reduction of
AMTRAK Service.

Ginny Mason and the Congressional Cartography Program were honored as a
top governmental GIS program at the mapping software company ESRI's
annual Users Conference in San Diego, Calif., in July.

[Outreach]{.underline}

The Division has tied much of its outreach programming to association
with the Phillips Society in which an annual meeting is held. In the
past 5 years we have held meetings of content at the Miami Map Fair, the
International Map Collectors Society meeting in Washington (October
2006), Denver (2005), with the Texas Map Society (In Texas and in
Washington in September 2005), in Chicago during the IMCoS meeting in
2001, and in Washington in a separate program on mapping Latin America.
The G&M Division hosts the monthly meeting of the Washington Map
Society. In September 2005 we opened the cosponsored exhibition *Maps in
Our Lives* with support from the American Congress on Surveying and
Mapping; the exhibition will remain onsite in the basement of the
Madison Building until October 2007 and then will travel to Omaha, Neb.,
to be mounted in the Western History Museum. The exhibition is also
available on the Library's Web site.

[Hispanic Division]{.underline}

Georgette Dorn, Chief of the Hispanic Division, received the knighthood
of Queen Isabella from King Juan Carlos I of Spain for her contributions
to Spanish and Latin American culture. She also received the 2006
Distinguished Service Award from the Conference on Latin American
History of the American Historical Association.

Volume 61 of the *Handbook of Latin American Studies*, an annual
multi-lingual and multi-discipline annotated scholarly guide, prepared
by the Hispanic Division, was published in March by the University of
Texas Press. The annual volumes alternate between the humanities and
social sciences. Volume 61 includes the social sciences. In addition,
the *Handbook* is available in a searchable database, free to the
public: HLAS Online at
[http://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic](http://loc.gov//rr/hispanic) [. It has
an OpenURL Resolver. Some of the entries link full text
articles.]{.underline}

[Humanities and Social Sciences Division]{.underline}

[Electronic reference]{.underline}

The Election 2006 Web Archive was a joint project of Library Services
and the Office of Strategic Initiatives and was led by the Humanities
and Social Sciences Division. Approximately 1,200 Web sites produced by
congressional and gubernatorial candidates were archived between May and
December, 2006.

*Doing Research at the Library of Congress* is available on the LC Web
site at
[http://www.loc.gov/rr/main/research/](http://www.loc.gov/rr/main/research/.)
[. The *U.S. Civil War Regimental Histories in the Library of Congress*
bibliography was converted from static Web pages to scripted OPAC
searches.]{.underline}

[Collection development and acquisitions]{.underline}

> *Growth of the microform custodial collections.* After the receipt of
> 96,039 items in

2006, the Microform Reading Room custodial collections contained
approximately 7,878,169 items at the end of 2006.

*Growth of the machine-readable custodial collections*. After the
receipt of 4,220 items in 2006, and the removal of 138 items from the
collections, the machine-readable custodial collections contained
approximately 69,006 items. Machine-readable materials are served in the
Microform Reading Room.

[Manuscript Division]{.underline}

The Library acquired the papers of government astronomer and gay rights
activist Frank Kameny on October 6. The collection of more than 70,000
items is perhaps the most complete record of the gay rights movement in
America, as Kameny was the central figure in overturning the ban on
employment of gay and lesbian employees in the federal government.
Kameny was dismissed from a federal position in 1957 and was finally
vindicated when the government changed its policy in 1975.

[Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division
(MBRS)]{.underline}

[National Audio-Visual Conservation Center (NAVCC)]{.underline}

The Library's new National Audio-Visual Conservation Center, located
near Culpeper, Va., is scheduled for completion in March 2007. Staff of
the MBRS Division currently working in Washington and Dayton, Ohio, will
begin relocating to the center in late April, with all collections
processing and preservation activities ramping up during the summer
months. The center has been built for the Library by the Packard
Humanities Institute, and when the Institute donates the finished
45-acre property to the government this spring, it will be the largest
private-sector gift in the history of the Library of Congress.

The facility is opening in two phases. Phase 1, comprised of the
Collections Building and Central Plant, opened in January 2006. To date,
nearly 4 million film, video and sound collection items have been moved
into the 140,000 square foot storage building, and nearly 30 Library and
facilities operations staff and contractors are already working onsite.
Phase 2 of the project includes newly constructed nitrate film vaults,
comprised of 124 individual vaults within two storage pods, as well as
the new Conservation Building that will house the MBRS Division's
administrative, curatorial, and processing staffs and the preservation
laboratories for film, sound and video.

MBRS continued to develop the new workflow, production and archiving
systems that will be implemented at the NAVCC and that will integrate
and automate all of the center's business processes. In September, a
contract to procure, integrate and install the facility's "front-end"
preservation production and data capture systems, as well as all
audiovisual viewing and projection equipment, was awarded to
Communications Engineering Inc. On a parallel track, the Library's IT
department awarded a contract to build the "back-end" digital storage
archive to the firm GMRI. This petabyte-level archive will store the
digital preservation files produced at NAVCC in a secured environment
with a mirrored offsite back up. By the end of the summer this archive
had been built in the Library's IT center on Capitol Hill, where it is
being tested prior to relocation to Culpeper.

[National Preservation Boards]{.underline}

The first-ever joint meeting of the Library's National Film Preservation
Board (NFPB) and National Recording Preservation Board (NRPB) was held
in Washington on November 1. The two boards took the opportunity to
discuss issues and priorities of common concern in the continued
development of national preservation plans for both moving images and
recorded sounds.

In consultation with the Recording Board, work continued on the effort
to conduct a study of the state of recorded sound preservation in the
U.S. Public hearings sponsored by the NRPB for the purpose of gathering
information for the study were held in Los Angeles on November 29 and in
New York on December 19. Over 40 witnesses delivered testimony during
the hearings, including recording artists, executives, educators,
students, critics, foundation representatives, and archivists from both
the major record labels and public libraries and archives.

In December, the Librarian of Congress announced the annual selection of
25 films named to the National Film Registry. Selected for preservation
following the receipt of public nominations and in consultation with the
Library's National Film Preservation Board, the total number of titles
on the registry now stands at 450. Films named in 2006 were: *Traffic in
Souls* (1913), *Tess of the Storm Country* (1914), *The Curse of Quon
Gwon* (1916-17), *Flesh and the Devil* (1927), *The Last Command*
(1928), *Applause* (1929), *St. Louis Blues* (1929), *The Big Trail*
(1930), *Red Dust* (1932), *Daughter of Shanghai* (1937), *Early
Abstractions #1-5,7,10* (1939-56), *Siege* (1940), *Notorious* (1946),
*In the Street* (1948/52), *A Time Out of War* (1954), *Think of Me
First as a Person* (1960-75), *The T.A.M.I. Show* (1964), *Reminiscences
of a Journey to Lithuania* (1971-72), *Blazing Saddles* (1974), *Rocky*
(1976), *Halloween* (1978), *Drums of Winter* (1988), *Sex, Lies and
Videotape* (1989), *Groundhog Day* (1993), and *Fargo* (1996).

[Acquisitions]{.underline}

*John E. Allen, Inc. Collection.* Donated to the Library in December
2006, the John E. Allen Collection was the most historically significant
collection of nitrate film still held in private sector hands,
containing many unique and best-surviving 35mm negatives and copies of
American fiction and documentary films. Comprising 10,000 items and more
than 10 million feet of film, it contains WWI- and WWII-era actualities,
sound-era dramatic features, unique early silent films from New York
area studios (e.g., Kalem, Solax, and Thanhouser), and "all-black
newsreels" from the 1940s.

*Julien Bryan Collection.* This collection consists of 500 reels of 35mm
nitrate film and accompanying documentation from the estate of Julien
Bryan, who was by far the most prominent of the traveling documentary
film makers working from the 1920s to the 1960s. These reels were shot
in Soviet Russia, South America, China, and the U.S. during World War
II.

*Additions to the Rick Prelinger Collection.* Approximately 40,000 cans
of 16 and 35mm film have been added to the Prelinger Archives previously
acquired by the Library in 2002. Though there are a considerable number
of fiction features and theatrical shorts, this is primarily a
collection of independent, industrial, educational, government,
commercial, travel, science, documentary, student and amateur
productions. It includes the Mogulls Camera and Film Exchange
Collection, which contains a good number of Kodascopes (an early home
format) and films from dozens of other distributors of the time.

*Additions to the Bob Hope Collection*. Approximately 15,000 film cans
and videotapes from Bob Hope television specials have been added, from
the 1950s through his last appearance in 1996. Included are out-takes
and raw footage from his trips to China and the Soviet Union, and his
USO appearances in Vietnam and Kuwait. With this addition, the Library
has now acquired all production elements from every television special
starring the beloved comedian: 284 shows, or more than 450 hours of
programming.

*David G. Hummel American Musical Theatre Collection.* This gift
includes unique, unpublished live recordings of entire shows with
accompanying dialog, playbills, reference books, as well as 10,000
published recordings -- nearly every professional production of American
musicals from 1950-2000. Stephen Sondheim called this collection "...
the most complete and accurate catalog of the American musical theater
currently (or perhaps ever) in existence."

*Other recorded sound collections.* Recent sound acquisitions included
live jazz and blues from WWOZ, a New Orleans radio station that almost
was lost to Hurricane Katrina; The Coca Cola Radio Advertising
Collection, digital files of over 2,500 radio spots dating from 1927
from the Coca Cola Archives; and, the Still Unheard Voices Oral History
Collection of interviews with Irish residents dating from 1994 to 2000
and conducted by author Pamela Clark for her forthcoming book, *Still
Unheard Voices*.

[Prints and Photographs Division (P&P)]{.underline}

The Prints and Photographs Division maintains a Web home page at
<http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/> [. For ongoing information about newly
online collections and recent and upcoming activities in the Prints and
Photographs Division, see the \"What\'s New\" page at]{.underline}
<http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/whatsnew.html> .

[Recently cataloged / digitized collections or groups of
pictures]{.underline}

*Lamb Studios Archive*. About 2,500 preparatory and study sketches for
stained glass windows, murals, mosaics, furnishings, metalwork, and
interior architecture designed by J. & R. Lamb Studios, 1860s-1990s.
Visit the images and collection profile at
<http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pp/lambhtml/lambabt.html> .

*Prints and Photographs from Copyright Deposit Collections*. During the
summer of 2006, Junior Fellows assisted staff in sorting and
inventorying more than 2,000 nineteenth century prints and more than
3,000 photographs dating 1880-1920. They also helped organize and
describe more than thirty-five groups of stereographs (about 600
stereographs in all). Selected items are being individually cataloged
and digitized.

*Selected Images of President Jimmy Carter*. *U.S. News & World Report*
staff selected about 100 images of President Carter to be scanned from
the [U.S. News & World Report Magazine Photograph
Collection](http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/coll/129_usn.html).

*Stereographs of the Western United States*. More than 1,500 stereograph
cards of Western scenery have recently been scanned. Subjects include
the Hayden, Powell, and Wheeler geological survey expeditions; building
the transcontinental railroad; and views of the Rocky Mountains,
Yosemite and Yellowstone. Photographers include John Carbutt, Alexander
Gardner, Alfred Hart, Jack Hillers, William Henry Jackson, James
Thurlow, and Carleton Watkins.

*Lester Glassner Collection of Movie Posters*. More than 400 film
posters, most dating from the 1930\'s to the 1950\'s, now have online
descriptions, many accompanied by digital images. The collection
features many posters of foreign releases of American movies.

[New reference aids]{.underline}

*The Dry Years: Selected Images Relating to Prohibition*. A new
illustrated reference aid, with links leading to additional images on
the topic is at <http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/073_dry.html> .

*Frank and Frances Carpenter Collection Information*. "About the
Collection" information now discusses the background and scope of this
body of photographs produced and gathered by Frank and Frances
Carpenter, ca. 1860-1934, to illustrate popular writings on world
geography. Other features include a bibliography and list of related
resources. Available at
<http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pp/ffcarphtml/ffcarpabt.html> .

[Publications and exhibitions]{.underline}

*Cartoon America: Comic Art in the Library of Congress* has been
published by the Library in association with Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
Edited by Harry Katz, former head curator of the Library\'s Prints and
Photographs Division, the book celebrates 250 years of American
cartooning with 275 full-color illustrations and numerous essays.
"Cartoon America: Highlights from the Art Wood Collection of Cartoon and
Caricature" opened in the Great Hall of the Library of Congress's Thomas
Jefferson Building on November 2 and will remain on view through
February 24, 2007, and online at
<http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/cartoonamerica/> .

[The *Enduring Outrage* exhibition features original work by the
Pulitzer Prize winning political cartoonist Herblock and draws from the
generous gift of 14,000 original drawings and more than 50,000
preparatory sketches donated to the Library of Congress by the Herb
Block Foundation in 2002. The online exhibit is at]{.underline}
<http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/herblock-home.html> .

*Lighthouses,* by Sarah Wermiel, is the fourth publication in the
Norton/Library of Congress Visual Sourcebooks in Architecture, Design,
and Engineering series. This 336-page hardcover book features nearly 600
images from the Library\'s collections\--all on an accompanying CD-ROM.
The publisher's description is at
[[http://www2.wwnorton.com/npb/nparch/073166.html]{.underline}](http://www2.wwnorton.com/npb/nparch/073166.html)
.

[Serial and Government Publications Division]{.underline}

[Collections]{.underline}

The division has acquired more than one dozen original 18th century
newspapers, including rare issues of *The Vergennes Gazette* (Vergennes,
Vermont) and the *Republican Watch-Tower* (New York).

[Organizing and preserving the Library's collections]{.underline}

The division participates as a curatorial contributor to the National
Digital Newspaper Program, a joint Library of Congress and National
Endowment for the Humanities program to digitize the nation's
newspapers. The division continues cooperative newspaper microfilming
projects with the Center for Research Libraries and several Research
Libraries Group members.

Deacidification of the Serial and Government Publications Division's
gold collection of comic books continues. The issues are also getting
greater bibliographic accessibility, since online item records are
created for all deacidified issues.

[Serving scholars and researchers]{.underline}

The Division hosted two Muskie Fellows from Ukraine who worked with the
Russian newspaper collections to identify important events coverage and
propose a digitization strategy. The Division hosted Tracy Smith of *CBS
Sunday Morning* who researched "good news" across the nation by using
small town newspapers. The Division provided a briefing and display of
historic and unique materials for Leonel Fernandez, president of the
Dominican Republic.

The division's Newspaper and Current Periodical Room homepage was
accessed approximately 2,000,000 times in 2006. Division staff added or
updated approximately 1099 links to the Newspaper and Current Periodical
Reading Room suite of 247 pages. In addition, staff checked and
corrected about 600 "dead links."

The Division was the public beta test site for the National Digital
Newspaper Program project, *American Chronicle.*

A serials inventory contract has been awarded to Library Associates of
Maryland.

**[PARTNERSHIPS AND OUTREACH PROGRAMS DIRECTORATE]{.underline}**

Kathryn Mendenhall is the interim director for Partnerships and Outreach
Programs.

[Center for the Book]{.underline}

The Center for the Book is the reading, literacy and library promotion
arm of the Library of Congress; it also encourages the scholarly study
of books and print culture. The center frequently hosts public programs
at the Library of Congress and has stimulated the creation of two
national reading promotion networks: affiliated centers in 50 states and
the District of Columbia, and a coalition of more than 80 non-profit
organizations. It plays a major role in the annual National Book
Festival, and works with libraries and academic and research
organizations around the world. The center's program, publications, and
projects must be supported by tax deductible contributions from
individuals, corporations, and foundations, or by funds transferred from
other government agencies. The Library of Congress supports its four
staff positions.

The center's Web site at <http://www.loc.gov/loc/cfbook/> provides
information about its projects, forthcoming events at the Library of
Congress, including the National Book Festival; state center affiliates
and their programs; organizational partners in the U.S. and overseas;
storytelling festivals; community "One Book" reading and discussion
programs; and other literary events taking place across the U.S.
Specifics also are included about projects such as Letters About
Literature, Reading Powers the Mind, River of Words, and Read More About
It.

On behalf of the Library's Lifelong Literacy initiative, the Center for
the Book and OSI's Educational Outreach Division will sponsor two
presentations in the booth. Terry Trueman, award-winning writer for teen
readers, will speak and answer questions from 12 noon to 1:00 p.m. on
Saturday, January 20 and librarian and reader advisor Nancy Pearl will
speak and answer questions from 12 noon to 1:00 p.m. on Sunday, January
21.

[Federal Library and Information Center Committee (FLICC)]{.underline}

During fiscal 2006, the Federal Library and Information Center Committee
(FLICC) continued its mission "to foster excellence in federal library
and information services through interagency cooperation and to provide
guidance and direction for FEDLINK."

The FLICC working groups completed an ambitious agenda in 2006. Notably,
the Competitive Sourcing Working Group completed an analysis of the
history and current practices of federal competitive sourcing of federal
libraries; the Education Working Group presented a variety of seminars
and workshops, including a week-long program for federal library
technicians, and a variety of other workshops, seminars and institutes
on cataloging, pay banding, creating wikis for federal libraries,
competencies, digital futures and other information science policy
issues; and the Content Management Working Group sponsored a content
management update on digital preservation and workshops on Web
standards, information architecture, taxonomy and librarians as members
of the agency management team.

[]{.mark}

The FLICC Awards Working Group announced the following awards: 2005
Federal Library/Information Center of the Year in the Large
Library/Information Center Category (with a staff of 11 or more
employees): the Scientific and Technical Information Center (STIC) at
the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office; in the Small Library/Information
Center Category (with a staff of 10 or fewer employees): U.S. Army
Military Intelligence Library in Fort Huachuca, Arizona; 2005 Federal
Librarian of the Year: Leslie Campbell, Law Library program
administrator at the National Judiciary Library Program for the
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts; and 2006 Federal Library
Technician of the Year: Sue Hubbard, library technician, Base Library,
Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas.

FLICC added four new programs to its online video library on topics
ranging from content management, pay banding, embedded librarians and
federated search technologies.

FLICC\'s cooperative network, FEDLINK, continued to enhance its fiscal
operations while providing its members with \$63.3 million in Transfer
Pay services, \$7.2 million in Direct Pay services, and an estimated
\$42.6 million in the Direct Express services, saving federal agencies
more than \$15.2 million in vendor volume discounts and approximately
\$22.3 million more in cost avoidance.

[]{.mark}

To meet the requirements of the Fiscal Operations Improvement Act of
2000 (P.L. 106-481) that created new statutory authority for FEDLINK's
fee-based activities, FEDLINK governing bodies and staff members
developed a new five-year business plan in fiscal 2006. Planning for
this business plan began in the fall of 2005 when FLICC/FEDLINK asked a
team of graduate students from the University of Maryland---College Park
to research and compile an environment scan. In the winter of 2006,
FEDLINK released, via the Web, separate surveys directed at
FLICC/FEDLINK leadership, members, current vendors, and program staff
members. Budgeting efforts projected both costs and revenue, looking at
private sector and historic costs with adjustments calculated based on
vendor and GAO predictions. Throughout June and July, the FLICC/FEDLINK
staff, with assistance from some external advisors, drafted the 2007 --
2011 Business Plan.

In fiscal 2006, FEDLINK continued to give federal agencies
cost-effective access to an array of automated information retrieval
services for online research, cataloging, and resource sharing. FEDLINK
members also procured print serials, electronic journals, books and
other publications, document delivery and preservation services via
Library of Congress/FEDLINK contracts with more than 130 major vendors.
The program obtained further discounts for customers through consortia
and enterprise-wide licenses for journals, aggregated information
retrieval services and electronic books. FEDLINK awarded six new
contracts for electronic retrieval services and competed requirements
for serials subscription services for 206 agencies under new contracts
with seven serial subscription agents. FEDLINK staff consulted with six
agencies to use the new preservation contracts to digitize and conserve
special collections and create related metadata. They also assisted the
Government Printing Office in the competition of a new contract for
library binding services.

In 2006, FLICC re-engineered its publication program and evolved into an
electronic-only communication provider. Staff members added more than
2,500 contacts to the moderated FEDLIB listserv and published the first
electronic version of *FEDLINK Technical Notes* for more than 3,000
electronic subscribers.

[Interpretive Programs Office]{.underline}

*American Treasures of the Library of Congress* reopened on July 17 with
a featured presentation of Herbert Block (Herblock) political cartoons
titled "Get Out the Vote!" Information on other exhibitions is found
throughout this document.

Much of the Office's effort in 2006 and 2007 has focused on preparing
the New Visitor Experience for the large number of visitors to the
Library anticipated when the U.S. Capitol Visitors Center opens in 2007
or 2008. The Office has worked with the custodial divisions, Visitor
Services Office, Preservation Directorate, Office of the Librarian, the
Library's enabling infrastructure units, and the Architect of the
Capitol to develop an experience that will help visitors to become
lifelong Library users.

[Kluge Center/Office of Scholarly Programs]{.underline}

The new Poet Laureate, Donald Hall of New Hampshire, succeeded Ted
Kooser in October and appeared at the National Book Festival on
September 30. Since 1955, Donald Hall has published fifteen books of
poetry, including *White Apples and the Taste of Stone* this year.

Librarian of Congress James H. Billington has named Congressman Major R.
Owens (D-NY) as a distinguished visiting scholar in the John W. Kluge
Center at the Library of Congress. Rep. Owens begins his residency at
the Library after his retirement from Congress in January and will work
on a case study of the Congressional Black Caucus and its impact on
national politics. Owens earned a bachelor's degree from Morehouse
College, a master's of library science from Atlanta University and
honorary doctorates from Atlanta University and Gallaudet University.
Owens began his career as a librarian at the Brooklyn Public Library. He
was first elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1982 from New
York's 11th Congressional District.

John Hope Franklin, professor emeritus at Duke University, and Yu
Ying-shih, professor emeritus at Princeton University, received the
third John W. Kluge Prize for lifetime achievement in the study of
humanity on December 5. Endowed by Library of Congress benefactor John
W. Kluge, the Kluge Prize rewards lifetime achievement in the wide range
of disciplines not covered by the Nobel prizes, including history,
philosophy, politics, anthropology, sociology, religion, criticism in
the arts and humanities, and linguistics. The two awardees will share
the \$1 million prize.

[National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped
(NLS)]{.underline}

The pace of change from analog to digital systems intensified during
fiscal year 2006---the year the National Library Service for the Blind
and Physically Handicapped (NLS), Library of Congress, celebrated its
seventy-fifth anniversary. The digital transition project marked some
important milestones, and NLS acquired new key staff members to
facilitate the transition.

On December 26, 2006, NLS announced that it had awarded a contract for
administrative tasks of the braille certification program to the
National Federation of the Blind (NFB), beginning in early 2007.
Authority and oversight of the program will remain with NLS; NFB's role
is strictly administrative.

[Digital talking books]{.underline}

[Updated business plan published.]{.underline} NLS continued to move
forward in its ten-year plan to develop digital systems and services,
following the steps outlined in *Digital Talking Books: Planning for the
Future* (1998) and detailed in the *Current Strategic Business Plan for
the Implementation of Digital Systems* (2003). The plan guides the
phase-in of digital talking-book playback machines (DTBMs) and media and
the gradual phase-out of obsolescent analog cassette-based service and
equipment. In September 2006, NLS published a supplemental edition of
the *Strategic Business Plan* that detailed accomplishments and current
and future activities in light of the experiences of the past three
years.

[Usability tests near completion.]{.underline} NLS completed a series of
eight usability tests to validate the new digital talking-book (DTB)
system requirements and reveal unanticipated problems in everyday use. A
functional digital talking book machine (DTBM) prototype is in the last
stages of refinement and will lead to the production of working models
for field testing early in 2007.

NLS has confirmed that machine and cartridge models are pleasing to all
types of users and that the physical design and layout of controls are
nearly optimal. Users approved the flash-memory book cartridge,
large-print and braille labeling, and the system's superior sound
quality. Machines and cartridges were tested under a variety of
circumstances---in network libraries as well as private homes, in
rehabilitation and long-term care facilities, and in retirement
communities. In addition to administering the tests, the contractor
interviewed library staff and repair personnel at network libraries.

[Distribution systems assessed.]{.underline} NLS also studied
distribution systems for the DTBs and players. The goal of the study was
to compare competing systems and determine the best model for
distribution---one that gives high-quality service and is compatible
with the new digital format.

The two-phase study was initiated in March 2005 and completed in August
2006. A contractor evaluated three models and recommended the most
appropriate for the digital system. A hybrid option\--one that included
both mass duplication of the most popular DTBs along with
duplication-on-demand of infrequently requested titles\--was identified
as the superior option. However, because of the complexity of
implementing duplication-on-demand procedures, the contractor
recommended that DTB distribution begin with an all mass-duplication
option during the transition period from 2008 to 2012. Duplication on
demand will be reevaluated as the system evolves, and a hybrid
distribution option of some type may be implemented after 2012, but not
before. NLS will follow this course of action. For the first three years
of the transition period, cassette production will also continue.

[Playback machine transition.]{.underline} A comprehensive Playback
Machine Transition Study addressed phasing out cassette machines and
phasing in DTBMs. The study determined that production of the C1---the
most popular and widely distributed NLS cassette machine---should be
discontinued after mid-2007. To offset the end of production, the study
recommended that NLS intensify its cassette book machine repair capacity
as soon as possible.

[10^2^ Talking-Book Club]{.underline}

The 10^2^ Talking-Book Club was conceived in 2005 to recognize the
accomplishments of the national reading program\'s centenarians. In
2006, twelve libraries in eleven states welcomed 117 centenarian patrons
into the club with certificates, pins, and letters.

[Web-Braille]{.underline}

Web-Braille, NLS\'s Internet-based service that provides in electronic
format thousands of braille books, music scores, and magazines produced
by NLS, has continued to grow during its seventh year. The Web-Braille
site is password protected, and all files are in an electronic form of
contracted braille, requiring the use of special equipment to gain
access. Web-Braille offers more than 7,000 titles from the national
collection, 600 music scores, 29 NLS-produced magazines, and 6 sports
schedules. Local books and magazines provided by 8 regional libraries
are also available. The number of users now exceeds 4,000 and continues
to grow.

[Outreach projects]{.underline}

Under contract to NLS, the international public relations firm
Fleishman-Hillard, Inc., continued to implement strategic communications
initiatives aimed at expanding public awareness of the service among
potential patrons around the country, especially among key audiences
such as seniors, veterans, and underserved segments of the African
American, Native American, and Spanish-speaking communities.

The monthly newsletter about the digital transition, *NLS Flash,* is in
its second year of publication. *Flash* is published in multiple formats
and is available online. The newsletter, together with regionally
specific press releases, has sparked coverage of NLS in major media
outlets across the country.

The national toll-free "talking-book line"---1-888-NLS-READ
(1-888-657-7323)---that was initiated in 2005 has drawn significant
numbers of new inquiries. The voice-prompt telephone system provides
callers with basic program information and eligibility requirements and
then directs them seamlessly to their nearest regional library.

[Key appointments]{.underline}

In August, Michael Montoya was appointed NLS financial manager and
assistant head of the Administrative Section. Robert N. Norton was
appointed head of the Quality Assurance Section at NLS in November. He
is responsible for maintaining the quality and performance of all audio
and braille materials and equipment produced by NLS and its contractors.

**PRESERVATION DIRECTORATE**

The Preservation Directorate received approval to hire new scientists to
oversee Library Services' programs for traditional, audio-visual, and
digital collection materials in the Preservation Research and Testing
Division.

The Preservation Research and Testing Division began accumulating
preliminary data from the installation of new equipment financed by
reallocation of funds at the close of the last fiscal year. Examples of
projects using the new equipment: Identification of mechanisms
responsible for sticky shed in audiotapes, using a gel permeation
chromatograph / viscometer; discovery of contaminants in polyester film
produced through outsourcing, detected by direct analysis real time mass
spectroscopy; screening for pesticides such as arsenic on collections,
using a hand-held x-ray fluorescence analyzer; and tracking the rate of
hydrolytic deterioration in real time at a microscopic level in magnetic
and other media using an environmental scanning electron microscope.

In fiscal 2006, the Preservation Directorate completed over 10,472,480
assessments, treatments, re-housings, and reformatting for books, paper,
photographs, audio-visual and other items, including Chinese rubbings
and George Washington's obituary. Through the coordinated efforts of the
Directorate's divisions and programs**,** over 7,688,900 items were
repaired, mass deacidified, or microfilmed or otherwise reformatted.
This represents an increase of 7.6 percent over fiscal 2005.

In fiscal 2006 the Directorate hosted 9 fellows and interns, including 2
Chesapeake Information and Research Libraries Alliance (CIRLA) Fellows,
2 Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities (HACU) Interns, and
4 otherwise funded Fellows.

[IFLA PAC Center Initiatives]{.underline}

The Directorate worked with the Bibliothèque nationale de France, the
International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions
(IFLA), and the IFLA Preservation and Conservation (PAC) Section to
develop a special symposium on "The 3-D\'s of Preservation: Disasters,
Displays, Digitization," and presented a paper on exhibition
preservation policy and practice, now available at
<http://www.ifla.org/VI/4/ipi.html> .

In its role as the Regional Center for Preservation and Conservation for
IFLA in North America, the Directorate also hosted IFLA PAC members and
allied organizations and professionals for the "Future Directions in
Safeguarding Document Collections, II" in collaboration with FLICC.
Topics covered included LS's Strategic Planning in the context of
national preservation strategies, including emergency preparedness and
research, as well as creation and preservation of digital assets.

Following the advent of Hurricane Katrina, the Directorate held 6
salvage workshops at LC and trained 44 librarians from LC and 30 from 19
outside agencies (e.g. Senate, Treasury, Census, Navy, Army, Mint) the
basics of collections recovery, free of charge. At an offsite workshop
in Alabama, 12 participants representing Auburn University and 7 public
libraries were trained. LC staff in 12 divisions have been trained in
salvage, and 14 staff in 4 divisions have been trained in relocation of
collections in-house in the event of an emergency incident. Working with
Federal Library and Information Center Committee (FLICC) and other
initiatives, the Directorate has provided outreach and onsite workshops,
information and supplies for entities in the Gulf States of Florida,
Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama and elsewhere.

[Mellon Photograph Survey.]{.underline} The Directorate, supported by a
generous grant from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, completed its
15-month program to adapt a photograph survey performed at Harvard
University in 2003, to the Library. Findings indicate that in-depth risk
and condition assessments are needed to improve storage and increase
treatment for the collections. A workshop will be organized for fiscal
2007.

[\
\
NEH Digitizing Sound Initiative]{.underline}

The Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)
developed and delivered a prototype 2-D scanner to the Library for
evaluation, in compliance with the "Image, Reconstruct, Erase Noise,
Etc." (IRENE) project, which aims to make the contents of shattered or
damaged sound media retrievable. The prototype, which is now being
tested for fidelity, will minimize scan time to image lateral
(side-to-side) groove disc media using high-resolution digital
microphotography in two dimensions (2-D) to provide quality
reproduction. By quickly producing an audio file, the prototype
addresses the mass digitization needs of major collections. Since it
cannot measure the third dimension, a research project has been designed
to develop the ability for 3-D scanning that can preserve audio on
vertically cut cylinders, media with poorly defined groove geometry such
as dictation belts, and the full groove profile of discs, which could
lead to higher fidelity audio reproduction. Sources to fund this project
are being sought.

[Preservation of Treasures Program]{.underline}

With the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) and the
Alcoa Foundation, the Directorate has started the process of creating a
permanent, oxygen-free, housing for the 16th century Waldseemüller Map
that depicts the name "America" for the first time in the Western
Hemisphere. The encasement design is almost complete and the fabrication
process will start in the fall of 2006. Alcoa Foundation contributed
over \$100,000, as well as materials, to the project. Although the size
of the encasement is unprecedented, upon completion the map will be able
to be safely be displayed on a long-term basis, and will be one of the
Library's highlights when the passageway from the Capitol Visitors
Center opens.

[Conservation Division]{.underline}

[Conservation Treatment Section]{.underline}

Highlights for fiscal 2006 include treatment of documents from the era
of the Founding Fathers, such as the William S. Johnson Annotated Draft
of the U.S. Constitution and George Washington's personal copy of the
Dunlop broadside of the Constitution from 1787, as well as the treatment
of the Middlesex Gazette of 1799 containing George Washington's
obituary. For the Library's exhibition *Benjamin Franklin: In His Own
Words* and the Bruce Museum of Arts and Science exhibit *Ben Franklin's
Curious Mind,* Conservators treated fifteen items, including the Stamp
Act of 1765, mezzotint portraits of Franklin, letters from Franklin to
George Washington, his notes on the common cold, and his design for
bifocals.

Other treasures treated included a major body of Chinese and Korean
rubbings, whose fragility previously kept them from use by scholars; a
pictorial map of China in watercolors from the 18^th^ century; an
ongoing project to research and treat an album of Indian paintings on
mica; a 19^th^ century Chinese woodblock print map of the world from
Geography and Maps Division; and five 19^th^ century paintings of
Chinese costume images of aristocrats and government officials.
Additionally two volumes of 19^th^ century sketchbooks by noted Japanese
woodblock artist Ando Hiroshige were mended to improve their longevity.

Of great significance to the worlds of music and dance, the Martha
Graham copy of Aaron Copland's *Appalachian Spring* with Graham's
choreographic notations was treated for the Music Division. Conservators
treated selected rare books from the Dayton C. Miller Collection on the
flute from the 14^th^-20^th^ century and the Bradbury Album. Prints and
Photographs Division holdings treatments included a major collection of
Herblock political cartoons, salted paper prints from the Roger Fenton
Crimean War holdings, and a lithograph by William Gropper of "Bowery Job
Hunters."

Conservators worked on several major projects for the African and Middle
Eastern Division, including treating a Latin-American Dictionary from
1714 and a rare 1758 Armenian Church Doctrines volume. Staff
conservators also assessed and repaired the only known Iranian-Kurdish
Ketubah (Jewish marriage contract) from the town of Bijar, deep within
Iran, dating from 1936.

The Phillips Society generously supported a contract conservator to
treat maps identified by the Geography and Maps Division. Staff reviewed
the maps, tested inks and colors, documented the treatments, supervised
and assisted the conservators, and filed the treatment reports. Staff
treated the valuable atlas, *Theatro de Mondo,* Ortelius of 1613. To aid
in future treatments of Asian maps, atlases, scrolls and fans in the
collections of the Geography and Map Division, Conservators designed a
survey to correlate basic bibliographical information with conservators'
observations about the physical make-up and condition of the objects, as
well as specific steps for treating each item.

The fiscal 2006 exhibition projects roster included the safe movement of
Pre-Columbian objects from the J.I. Kislak Foundation in Miami Lakes,
Fla., to the Library of Congress. Conservators prepared several Kislak
items for access by the J.I. Kislak scholars, as well as assisting
scientists in testing the objects to identify their component materials.
CD staff surveyed, cleaned, and housed canvas bunks from transport ships
from the Vietnam War for the Veterans' History Project. Divisional staff
also created gift boxes for First Lady Laura Bush, performer Marjorie
Fisher, Library of Congress benefactor John W. Kluge, and Russian
President and Mrs. Vladimir Putin.

Planning for the new Capitol Visitor's Center exhibition hall exhibit
cases, security, and mounting options and materials was a 2006 exhibit
project of national significance. This work was supplemented by the
preparation of Library of Congress items for exhibition in the Capitol
Visitor's Center exhibition halls.

[Preventive Conservation Section]{.underline}

Staff completed the final year of a five-year MDEP project to preserve
at-risk collections on the Library of Congress Capitol Hill facilities
(i.e., Adams, Jefferson, and Madison buildings). Using existing
resources, conservators and technicians treated an additional 113 bound
volumes, 268 photographs, and 918 paper-based items for a total of 1,299
items, as well as providing custom housing to 77,657 paper items. Staff
also constructed special protective boxes for an additional 5,435 items.
Re-housed items included bound volumes, palm leaf manuscripts, glass
plate negatives, photographs, and pre-Columbian artifacts.

Project highlights include assessment, photography and housing for
recently acquired flasks and other objects belonging to the J.I. Kislak
Collection, conservation treatment and housing for volumes from the Law
Library's Russian Imperial Collection, and the treatment and housing of
important 19^th^ century photographs from both the Roger Fenton and
Western Survey Collections.

During fiscal 2006, conservators responded to over 16 separate incidents
including floods and leaks. Day or night when emergencies happen,
conservators on the emergency "Beeper Team" are on call to assess
damage, rescue collections, and immediately ensure the safety of the
materials. For example, when Washington, DC, experienced 12 inches of
rain in 48 hours on June 25^th^-27^th^, 2006, Conservation Emergency
Response Team members worked through the nights to protect collections
from building leaks, remove wet collections materials, and stabilize
them so they would not be lost to scholars and the American public.

[Environmental monitoring.]{.underline} Staff members collected and
analyzed environmental data with a focus on identifying the greatest
risks to collections in collections storage areas. Focusing on chemical
deterioration from a combination of high temperature and relative
humidity and physical damage from excessively dry or highly fluctuating
conditions, staff continuously monitored the environments in all three
buildings on Capitol Hill, as well as the Library's buildings in
Landover, MD; Culpeper, VA; and Fort Meade, MD. Conservators managed and
analyzed the resulting data from over 90 Preservation Environmental
Monitors (PEM) to provide a comprehensive view of the threats to and
life expectancy of all Library holdings. The Preservation Directorate is
now planning for the implementation of a web-based environmental
monitoring system that will allow multiple user access from many sites.

Staff completed the final phase of a three-year MDEP initiative to
prepare collections for their movement to two remote storage centers:
the National Audiovisual Conservation Center (NAVCC) in Culpeper, VA,
and Fort Meade, MD, (Modules 3 and 4). The logistics for the Motion
Picture, Broadcasting, and Record Sound Division (MBRS) move of a
collection items to NAVCC were significant, involving staff reviewing
holdings, containers, and transport issues for each collection
individually. Working with MBRS and the Architect of the Capitol, staff
developed indoor air quality guidelines for the commissioning of the
facility. Research and development work on air quality continues in the
coming fiscal years as the Library seeks to create permanent Library
guidelines on indoor air quality.

For these moves, staff re-housed 77,657 fragile paper collections,
constructed protective boxes for 5,435 books, stabilized 918 fragile
paper based items, 268 photographs, and 113 volumes; assessed and
surveyed 130,960 items, and offered consultations and guidance on
preparations of collections for the relocations and new storage spaces.

Staff, in conjunction with the Serials Division and History Associates,
re-housed The American Serials Collection stored at the Library of
Congress Annex in Landover Maryland. This collection of over 8,000 bound
American newspapers (ca. 1800s-late 1900s) will shortly be moved to a
high-density storage facility in Fort Meade, Md., currently under
construction.

Technicians working with a contracted mover, and MBRS re-housed,
assessed and labeled 6,000 rare and highly valuable wax cylinders in
less than six months in preparation for their relocation to the
Library's new National Audiovisual Conservation Center (NAVCC) in
Culpeper, Virginia. These extraordinary cylinders date back to the
origins of recorded sound. A random sampling after their relocation
indicated that none of the irreplaceable discs were damaged during the
move as a result of the careful re-housing and handling of the
cylinders.

Staff worked closely with MBRS to re-house an extremely rare collection
of fragile early motion picture prints on paper. Many of these Copyright
deposit prints are the last surviving copies of nitrate films from the
origins of the motion picture industry.

Preservation working in collaboration with staff from the Office of
Security and Emergency Preparedness designed and contracted for the
construction of an innovative hermetically sealed safe used to protect
high value collection items from physical intrusion, impact, water
damage, environmental fluctuation and fire. Before acceptance at the
Library in August 2006, the safe was tested via a water test, monitored,
and modified to provide a stable environment.

Another notable fiscal 2006 special project was the development of the
first Library of Congress Conservation Division laboratory protocols for
the treatment of materials created or notated with corrosive iron gall
ink. Widely used by artists, authors, secular and religious authorities,
and the general public for all kinds of works from the 1400s to the
present, iron gall ink poses significant preservation problems for
archives, libraries, and museums worldwide. Staff also undertook a
research project on 16^th^ century colorants, specifically blue inks,
found on documents manufactured in the Spanish colonies of present-day
Mexico and Peru.

[Binding and Collections Care Division]{.underline}

BCCD continued to provide general preservation assistance through the
Question Point process answering 739 and an additional 78 by
phone/fax/mail. The directorate continued to handle requests for ink for
marking special collections and to mail out brochures. Enhancement to
the Preservation Directorate web pages was begun.

The Library Binding Section continued to focus on improving efficiencies
and eliminating backlogs. In spite of the retirement of three permanent
Library Binding Technicians in January 2006, the LBS was able to stay
current with the workflow and meet production goals. During fiscal 2006,
149,332 items were labeled, 19,494 of these items were softbound
monograph volumes (Copy 2\'s) assigned to the General Collection.

The Collections Care Section provided treatment for 2,661 volumes, and
made 8,384 boxes. This included two important boxing projects: for the
Hispanic Reading Room, 1,000 boxes for the Luis Dobles Segreda
collection of Letras Patrias, Costa Rica, 1826-1943; for the Asian
Reading Room, 200 boxes for the Washington Documentation Center
Collection, consisting of volumes from China created during the Ming and
Qing periods (1368-1644).

The Section made use of the newly acquired automated Kasemaker boxing
machine's enhanced capabilities, by making self-closing wrappers for
volumes being sent to Fort Meade. These wrappers are thinner than the
previous four-flap box, and therefore use less space within the Fort
Meade box while still protecting at risk volumes. Additionally, these
boxes do not require any fasteners, which speeds production and lowers
cost. Also, the machine is being used to cut foam inserts for multimedia
boxes, and the Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound
Division's Paper Print film boxing project. Previously cutting foam
inserts had been a time consuming task done by hand using board shears,
a book press and a die-cut knife. Now, this task is done with greater
precision, and only takes seconds per piece.

[Preservation Reformatting Division (PRD)]{.underline}

In fiscal 2006, PRD successfully converted 5,865,061 units (e.g. print
pages, photographs, posters), a 25 percent increase over the fiscal 2005
level, of Library material through a combination of preservation
microfilming (5,809,544 pages or 3,295,852 exposures), preservation
facsimile (3,557 pages or 21 volumes), digitization (46,656 pages,
132,752 files, or 2,091 works), and other preservation photographic
reproductions (796 images and 4,508 acetate microfilm reels) for service
to Congress and the public. The Division continued its support for audio
and video recordings of official Library of Congress performances (32
performances) by the Motion Picture, Broadcast and Recorded Sound
Division. Reformatted materials were drawn from ten Library Collection
and Services divisions, the Law Library, and the Master Negative
Microform Collection held by the Photoduplication Service.

In addition to the more routine high-volume reformatting of General
Collection and Law Library materials, PRD significantly increased its
allocation of resources to address 1930's era Copyright Drama Deposits
held by the Manuscript Division, severely embrittled World War I and
World War II era military serials, and deteriorating acetate and nitrate
photographic items from the Prints and Photographs Division. A new
hybrid digitization pilot project was initiated to produce complete best
copies of local histories in digital form with content derived from
early Library produced microfilm and from original illustrated print
materials retained by custodial divisions.

PRD maintained the quality of reformatted products through a quality
assurance program supported by both staff and an external service
provider. Approximately 2,005 micrographic units (e.g. microfilm reels,
microfiche) received complete bibliographic inspection while all other
units received a more basic level of review.

Work began under a new multi-year preservation microfilming and digital
imaging contract that was successfully competed and awarded to OCLC
Preservation Service Centers at the close of the previous fiscal year.
This new contract allows the Library to continue high-volume offsite
preservation reformatting of a wide variety of library materials at a
competitive cost. Deliverables under this new contract include
microfilm, microfiche and digital files. Forty-two percent of total PRD
reformatting work volume was accomplished through this new effort.

A more closely coordinated preservation microfilming effort between PRD
and the New Delhi overseas office resulted in more effective
reformatting of newsprint serials acquired by the New Delhi, Nairobi and
Cairo field offices.

The Library's existing commercial binding contract with the HF Group,
formerly Heckman Bindery, was modified to allow for preservation
facsimile services. A relatively low volume of embrittled rights
restricted monographs and single serial volumes assigned to reference
collections were identified for preservation facsimile replacement.
Fragile monographs in the public domain were digitized to allow
wide-spread access rather then producing a facsimile copy for onsite
use.

Master Negative Microfilm Inventory: Essential steps were undertaken to
improve the stewardship of the Library's Master Negative Microfilm
Collection. Based on condition data collected through an earlier survey
of this collection, PRD doubled the number of deteriorating acetate
microfilm reels for duplication. All of the microforms were produced
before 1948 and have never been re-housed. A new contract was awarded to
Library Systems and Services (LSSI) to begin an item level inventory of
the Master Negative Microfilm Collection in preparation for its upcoming
move to cold storage at the Ft. Meade facility in 2009.

*Digital Preservation Laboratory (DPL).* Digital Preservation Laboratory
(DPL) staff continued a number of longstanding investigations and
collaborations, with the greatest success coming from the JPEG 2000
technology evaluation and adoption program. DPL staff proposed
requirements for the inclusion of JPEG 2000 technology in the FEDORA
digital object repository system (a project subsequently sponsored by
the Google Summer of Code program). Other JPEG 2000 related activities
include the refinement of encoding techniques for high-resolution scans
of microfilmed newspapers. The DPL continues to support color management
efforts at the Library by making available color management software and
hardware for use by interested parties. Production oriented research and
development activities include the continued development of objective
imaging performance measures and statistical quality control techniques.

The Division continued its "Scan on Demand" digitization of embrittled
items requested via the Interlibrary Loan program and brittle book
programs, supplemented by telephone directories from the European
Division, digital versions of the *American Newspaper Annual* (Ayers
Directories) and other reference works. A total of 134 works were
processed, consisting of 44,699 pages (125,071 digital files).

[U.S. Newspaper Program (USNP)]{.underline}

The United States Newspaper Program (USNP) is an ongoing cooperative
national effort among the states and the federal government to locate,
catalog, and preserve on microfilm newspapers published in the U.S. from
the eighteenth century to the present. Program funding has been provided
by the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), with the Library
providing technical assistance to program participants. Total lifetime
program funding has amounted to more than \$54,000,000.

As of January 2006, USNP projects have produced or updated 281,841
newspaper catalog records and microfilmed over 71,864,000 endangered
newspaper pages. The National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH)
announced U.S. Newspaper Program awards of \$892,559 in fiscal 2006 to
fund continuing projects in two states: Illinois (Chicago Historical
Society, Chicago), and Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania State University,
State College). Other projects are ongoing in Illinois (University of
Illinois, Urbana) and Tennessee (University of Tennessee, Knoxville).

Staff continued working directly with program participants, OCLC and
other interested external parties in repurposing the bibliographic and
microfilm products produced through the USNP for new digital initiatives
that better connect users to the collections. Tangible results of this
effort include the successful conversion of over 900,000 local newspaper
data records to the newer MARC21 holdings format in OCLC's Connexion
system and the inclusion of newspaper bibliographic and holding records
in the National Digital Newspaper Program digital resource undergoing
testing at the close of the year.

[National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP)]{.underline}

The National Digital Newspaper Program, a partnership between the
National Endowment of the Humanities (NEH) and the Library of Congress
(LC), is a long-term effort to develop an Internet-based, searchable
database for all U.S. newspapers and select digitized historic titles.
Supported by NEH, this rich digital resource will be developed and
permanently maintained by the Library of Congress. As a collaborative
digital effort between Library Services, the Office of Strategic
Initiatives (OSI) and Information Technology Services (ITS), this
program directly contributes to the ongoing strategic goals of the
National Digital Library Program by creating a national collection of
high-value digitized historical newspapers; developing a Web-accessible
repository to the national collection selected by state awardees;
providing free and open Internet user-friendly access to important
historical content; and developing consensus on standards and best
practices for access to both digitized historical newspaper content and
digital library preservation practices. NDNP represents a logical
extension of the technical and collection building expertise supporting
the Library's highly successful *American Memory* digital collection
effort.

In the second year of a two-year program development phase, the Library
continued building a viable and extensible program model for funding and
digitization by state awardee institutions (in 2005, NEH awarded \$1.9
million in NDNP awards to 6 states -- California, Florida, Kentucky, New
York, Utah and Virginia), creating a sustainable digital repository, and
validating technical approaches for the processing and accessing of
complex digital objects.

In 2006 the digital preservation architecture supporting the long-term
program fully took shape with the development of an NDNP repository and
a multi-functional user interface to provide access to historical
newspaper content for the general public. Significant accomplishments
were made in the incorporation of digital asset validation strategies
and distribution of the process to awardees, establishing aggregation
workflow, data ingestion, and dissemination services to a Web interface,
all proceeding in parallel over the course of the development phase.

In early January 2006, the Library completed its initial conversion of
selected microfilmed newspaper content, representing Washington, DC,
newspaper titles from 1900-1910. These 93,000 digitized pages
(approximately 400,000 digital objects), along with the comprehensive
newspaper title directory \-- approximately 140,000 bibliographic
records and 900,000 holdings records for newspaper originals, microfilm
masters, and copies created by the legacy United States Newspaper
Program \-- formed the initial dataset for ingestion and testing of the
Library repository architecture and access capabilities. In addition,
each NEH awardee submitted digital assets (approximately 26,000 pages)
from their own award activities conforming to LC technical requirements
for the initial Web site launch in October 2006. This data was ingested
into the preservation architecture and provided a robust dataset for
development of the access user interface. The Library also entered into
an agreement with ProQuest Information and Learning to acquire 82,000
pages of the *New York Tribune* to incorporate into the NDNP repository
in 2007. This material will be digitized from ProQuest microfilm
holdings by ProQuest to meet NDNP specifications.

In keeping with the collaborative nature of the program, NDNP staff
visited award sites this year to review production environments and met
with project staff. Site visits included Library of Virginia, University
of California -- Berkeley, University of Florida, University of
Kentucky, and University of Utah.

Based on the experiences of the development phase and additional
environmental developments, NEH and LC updated, revised and published
program and technical guidelines to clarify NDNP requirements for new
award applications. Technical guidelines are posted on the Library's
NDNP Web site. NEH issued a call for proposals in August 2006 and plans
to make up to 10 additional 2-year awards in June 2007.

[Preservation Research and Testing Division]{.underline}

[Digital Media Research Program]{.underline}

*Longevity of CDs and DVDs.* The Digital Media Research Program has
primarily focused on two on-going projects that evaluate physicochemical
degradation reflected by digital error rates, which resulted in 821
analyses. The CD-Audio Media Natural Aging Project, which monitors the
aging properties of digital media in permanent storage under ambient
conditions at the Library, has now been in progress for nine years.
Closely related is the CD-Audio Media Accelerated Aging Project, which
evaluates the effect of accelerated aging over a range of temperature
and relative humidity on disc longevity. Two large project reports were
published internally in 2005, and the Division is currently refining
them for posting on the web and for publishing elsewhere.

A new research project is being developed based on the hypothesis that
there are chemical indicators that can be used to predict life
expectancy of optical discs. This project involves performing analyses
of discs from the two above projects, and performing other experiments,
to determine the physiochemical characteristics and mechanisms of
degradation using advanced instrumental analysis techniques including
FT-IR, SEM-EDS, and others. The results will provide data regarding how
and why the degradation occurs that causes increases in the digital
error rates so that a predictive model can be developed to forecast the
life expectancy of optical media, determine optimum storage conditions,
and develop a pilot program to integrate best practices into the Library
workflow.

An on-going collaboration with the Information Technology Division of
the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) was completed
in 2006. This collaboration resulted in new data regarding test
protocols
(\<[[www.itl.nist.gov/div895/loc/index.html]{.underline}](http://www.itl.nist.gov/div895/loc/index.html)\>)
and in the formation of the Government Information Preservation Working
Group (GIPWoG ), which meets semi-annually to discuss preservation of CD
and DVD optical discs. NIST recently passed leadership for the GIPWoG to
the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, which will continue to
work with PRTD and the Optical Disc Testing Association to develop
archival quality optical media.

[Digital Data Archiving Program]{.underline}

A goal of the Division is to develop a searchable relational database
for all LC users to document all preservation treatments and
chemical/physical analyses and tests that are performed on collection
objects. The first step has been the development of a testing database,
which includes searchable parameters regarding vendors, commercial
product designations, test results, and other data for housing
materials. Test data from years prior to the inception of the database
is being added to make search results as comprehensive as possible. In
fiscal 2006, 726 new records from current testing, old testing, and from
the digital media Natural Aging Study were added.

The Division is digitally documenting two LC collections that are
important in preservation research and testing. One is the Forbes
Pigment Collection, which contains digital microscopy photographs and a
variety of spectra of the pigments. A second is the TAPPI Fiber
collection, which contains digital polarized light microscopy
photographs and SEM-EDS spectra of the fibers. In fiscal 2006, 60
polarized light microscopy images and 80 SEM-EDS spectra were added to
the database.

[Audio/Visual Media Research Program]{.underline}

*Magnetic Media Identification and Deterioration.* This research program
focuses on the causes of degradation of magnetic media (film and tape),
to develop approaches for preservation treatments and for sampling
collections for chemical species that potentially can be used to predict
the state of deterioration of the media. The Gel Permeation
Chromatography of Magnetic Media Polymers Project focuses on "sticky
shed syndrome" determine the cause of the phenomenon and its treatment.
A new state-of-the-art high-temperature gel permeation chromatograph
(HT-GPC) is providing quantitative data, and 285 experiments were
performed to optimize instrumental conditions, develop the methodology,
and perform materials analyses.

Closely related is the Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry
(DART-MS) of Magnetic Media Project, which has as its goal performing
"fingerprint" analysis of the magnetic media analyzed by HT-GPC above to
develop quick diagnostic methods for analyzing media collections and
environments. In fiscal 2006, 240 experiments were conducted to optimize
conditions and define how the instrument can be used for
non-destructively characterizing magnetic media.

[Longevity of Paper]{.underline}

This research program is currently focused on aging and analysis of
paper, having two on-going research projects and a new one. The
ASTM-sponsored 100-year project on the Natural Aging of Papers Project
is continuing in collaboration with four other laboratories and 10
libraries across the US and Canada, including NARA, IPI, FPL, and CCI.
The next group of material for analysis is scheduled to arrive during
the summer of 2008. The on-going Accelerated Aging of Papers Project
builds on previous research that identified chemical decomposition
products from accelerated aging tests that are most closely related to
products from natural aging.

A new project, the Direct Analysis in Real-Time Mass Spectrometry
(DART-MS) of Paper, developed analytical methodology that will
incorporate direct sampling, analysis, and chemical fingerprinting of
paper that has been subjected to natural and accelerated aging, and to
mass deacidification processes, to provide an approach for quickly
evaluating the degradative state of paper collections and their
environments. In fiscal 2006, 154 experiments were conducted to optimize
conditions and define how the instrument can be used for the analysis of
paper-based materials.

[Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Inventory Control and Security Devices
Project.]{.underline}

This research project identifies adverse effects from pressure-sensitive
adhesive labels on different materials so that a "universal" label can
be specified for use in bar-coding and labeling non-book and special
collection materials. This project addresses a concern of the LC Joint
Issues Group on Labeling (JIG-L), whose charge is to improve and
streamline the marking and labeling of all formats received by the
Copyright Office and the Acquisitions Directorate. In fiscal 2006, 1760
analyses were performed using a colorimeter/spectrophotometer, which
will provide data for both revising current LC Specifications and
developing a new one.

Other research concentrates on iron gall ink stabilization; detrimental
effects of chemical migration; and

zeolite molecular sieves as an adsorbent in housing materials.

The Division maintains, services, and advises on the construction of
highly sophisticated temperature and humidity controlled chambers and
display cases. The Division remotely monitors conditions in the Top
Treasure Case, the Top Treasure Vault, and the Gutenberg and Mainz Bible
cases, and conducts bimonthly onsite inspections. In fiscal 2006, the
Division facilitated and supervised 62 repairs and maintenance services
to the treasure cases.

The expertise of the Division in environmental control and monitoring
was recognized by the Governor of Pennsylvania who invited the Division
to advise on environmental control of the state's new special library
that will house its collection of Benjamin Franklin papers.

[Standards and Specifications Program]{.underline}

A Division staff member continues to serve as Chair of the ASTM D14.50
task group on Hot Melt, Pressure-Sensitive, and Archive Adhesives, which
is part of the D14 Adhesives Committee. Revisions to standards D3121 and
D6463 were successfully balloted and approved, which pave the way for
standardization of test methods among various other ASTM committees.

The Division worked on the NFPA 909 Committee to address global
preservation strategies in terms of prevention of fire, water, and smoke
damage to collections. In fiscal 2006, PRTD initiated contributions to
collaborations with Conservation to provide advice to the AOC and the
Library regarding the design and implementation of the new Secure
Storage Facilities in regard to fire-protection and collection
environment.

More new infrastructure initiatives were begun in fiscal 2006 to improve
the Division's ability to evaluate existing preservation strategies and
initiate and conduct original research, testing, and technology
assessment. Major restructuring of the laboratory space was begun,
including removal of 25-year-old equipment and purchasing new
instruments and other technologies to bring the laboratory to the
state-of-the-art. Applications of new technologies for use in forensic
analysis of collection materials and environments, including Solid Phase
Micro Extraction (SPME), hand-held X-ray fluorescence, and digital
imaging were identified and investigated. New digital forms and
procedures for submission of electronic requests, maintaining electronic
reports, and tracking data linked to research and testing of collection
objects and housing materials were created.

[Mass Deacidification Program]{.underline}

To extend the life and utility of collections through appropriate
treatment and technologies, the Directorate deacidified 298,826 books
and 1,069,500 document sheets as part of its 30-year initiative to
stabilize over 8.5 million general collection books and at least
30,000,000 pages of manuscripts. Deacidification is an economic approach
to keeping books and manuscripts available in usable form. It results in
extending the useful life of acidic and slightly brittle paper by a
minimum of 300 percent. This assures in most cases that treated books
will survive for 300 to 1000 years rather than becoming extremely
brittle, degraded, and unusable in less than a century, requiring much
more expensive reformatting at over 600 percent of the cost of
deacidification. The technology thus achieves economies of scale and
future cost-avoidance as a dramatic preventive preservation activity.

**TECHNOLOGY POLICY DIRECTORATE**

[Find It!, LC's OpenURL Resolver]{.underline}

Pursuing the Library's goal to improve user access to free and licensed
electronic resources, the Library completed a successful upgrade of its
OpenURL resolver, Find It!, in summer 2006. LC's resolver application
(SFX from Ex Libris) supports convenient linking between citations for
resources and web services accessible to the Library (such as, links to
full digital content, tables of content and abstracts; expanded searches
for \"more information\" in the LC Online Catalog or web search engines;
document delivery and interlibrary loan, etc.). The application is
currently restricted to onsite patrons and staff.

[Metasearch Project]{.underline}

On October 16, 2006, the Library of Congress launched a beta metasearch
application to provide users with a single interface to search or access
Library databases and digital content collections. Using open source
software called Keystone Retriever developed by Index Data, the
application allows users to search across the Library's publicly
available digital collections from one unified interface. Gateways
provided for each target package a query so that it is understood by the
native search engine. Results from each target are displayed in separate
buckets -- there is no merging of results.

The beta application currently searches five targets: the Library of
Congress Online Catalog, the LC web site, American Memory, the Prints
and Photographs On-line Catalog, and the THOMAS Legislative Information
System. While initial search capabilities are rudimentary, the intent is
to expand both the number of targets and search functionality if this
pilot proves successful.

This project is led by Information Technology Services and the Office of
Strategic Initiatives, with participation from Library Services. The New
Search (BETA) feature is available from the Library's public home page.

[Handle Server]{.underline}

To provide persistent identification of LC-managed electronic resources,
Library staff registered more than 130,000 handles in 2006. The
Library's handle server\--which uses software from CNRI\--currently
contains 1,498,097 handles. As part of LC's support of handles, the
institution participates in projects sponsored by the CENDI Persistent
Identifiers Task Force.

[LC Persistent Identifiers using info:lccn]{.underline}

In 2006, Library Services began development of an application to provide
persistent LCCN-based URL links to bibliographic records in the Library
of Congress Online Catalog. Using a new Library web domain
"lccn.loc.gov," MARCXML records will be retrieved from the LC Online
Catalog through its Z39.50/SRU gateway (the bath.lccn queries will
search both LCCNs and cancelled LCCNs). Retrieved records will be
processed by XML style sheets to create web displays that replicate the
look and feel of the LC Online Catalog. LCCNs found in an incoming URLs
will be normalized using the info:lccn specifications. The application
is expected to be in production by early 2007.

[LC EAD (Encoded Archival Description) Archival Finding
Aids]{.underline}

In 2006, eight Library divisions created 67 new EAD archival finding
aids, bringing the total number of LC EAD finding aids to 357. Users are
now able to access to more than 18 million archival items in LC's
collections through these documents. LC collection-level MARC data is
extracted from the Library of Congress Online Catalog using Z39.50/SRU
to provide controlled names and subjects as well as collection summary
information in each EAD. The Library's EAD indexes and browse
listings\--for names, subjects, collection titles, collections by date,
and collections by repository\--are updated monthly.

[Integrated Library System Program Office]{.underline}

The Library has continued to expand access and improve service for users
of the Library of Congress Online Catalog\
( <http://catalog.loc.gov/> ). In the past year, the Library increased
the number of simultaneous OPAC sessions by 10 percent and saw a
resulting decline in the number of users who could not be accommodated.
The Library also implemented a new timeout alert that improves the
usability of the OPAC. OPAC sessions are currently set to expire after
five minutes of inactivity in order to balance equitable access for
users and system performance. The new OPAC timeout alerts a user that
the session will timeout in one minute and counts down the seconds
remaining. If the session does expire, the alert feature enables the
user to return to his or her previous search. The Library will continue
to monitor external use and seek ways to increase and improve access for
users.

The LC Online Catalog is one of the sources included in the Library's
New Search (BETA) feature. This new feature enables users to search the
LC Online Catalog as well as the Library of Congress Web site and other
valuable resources at one time.

LC staff recently completed field testing (beta testing) of the Voyager
6.2 release. The Library will likely upgrade to Voyager 6 in 2007, but a
firm date has not yet been set. The Library intends to begin migrating
all ILS workstations to a Windows XP platform beginning in January 2007.

[Electronic Resource Management System (ERMS)]{.underline}

In fiscal 2006, ILS staff continued development of the Library's ERMS, a
software application to improve the availability of licensing
information and holdings for electronic serials. This project
incorporates the use of MS Access database operations to facilitate the
tracking and loading of bibliographic and holdings information. The
Innovative Interfaces (III) WebOPAC software was installed to act as a
Web front-end to the ERMS data, delivering a powerful search engine to
present records with serial holdings, updated URLs, and the licensed
terms of usage associated with subscriptions to electronic works.
Through such displays searchers are advised not only of the means to
connect directly with desired content, but also of any permissions and
restrictions associated with that access. A technical team has been
trained on configuring the Web presentation of the III WebOPAC data and
is beginning work to fold it into other information made available on
the Library's web pages. On the operational front, a pilot E-Resource
team is being identified that will have staff drawn from the serials
community and those with experience with acquisitions and cataloging of
e-resources to work closely with Technology Policy staff to implement
and maintain the ERMS. The team will support the further systems
development and growth of data about licensed resources available to
Library patrons

[Network Development and MARC Standards Office (NDMSO)]{.underline}

[METS (]{.underline} <http://www.loc.gov/mets> [) and Digital Library
Standards Prototyping]{.underline}

NDMSO continued support for the digital performing arts site, formerly
called *I Hear America Singing* and now named *LC Presents, Music,
Theater, and Dance (LCP),* and the Veterans History Project (VHP). The
work involved use and development of standards such as METS, MODS, and
TEI.

*LC Presents* ( <http://www.loc.gov/lcp>) had two new releases, an
update to *Song in America*, featuring articles and biographies of
composers associated with selected songs from the Thomas Hampson tour,
and *Ragtime*, a collection of sheet music, audio, and video related to
ragtime music. These new sites required the development of new METS
profiles for articles and biographies. The web prototyping has expanded
into new areas, such as indexing and searching across collections and
indices, as well as harvesting objects from legacy databases.

One new collection was made available from the Veterans History Project
(VHP) site ( <http://www.loc.gov/vets/> ). *The Art of War* is about
veterans who documented their experiences with paintbrushes, sketching
pens, and camera lenses (23 collections comprising over 1500 images). A
new feature called *Staff Favorites* was also introduced, allowing VHP
staff to highlight veterans whose collections they find interesting and
useful. For release in February is a collection called *World War I*.

[MARC 21 (]{.underline} <http://www.loc.gov/marc/>[) and MARCXML
(]{.underline} <http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/>[)]{.underline}

NDMSO continued to maintain MARCXML, an XML version of the traditional
MARC 21 record, with the goal to maintain stability and upward
compatibility in the record interchange environment which is vital to
cost savings for libraries, by providing the standards and tools for the
community to move forward to newer technologies. The transformation from
MARC 21 to MARCXML converts characters to Unicode thus exposing the
millions of records to Unicode-based XML tools. A September 2006 *D-Lib
Magazine* report from the Los Alamos National Laboratory Library
detailed the selection of MARCXML as the preferred format for a major
journal article data file involving thousands of records. The MARCXML
standard continues to be adopted by many international users and
software developers.

*MARC 21 Documentation*. NDMSO has completed the conversion of all five
MARC 21 formats into XML from former SGML and word processing formats.
Using XSL-FO, NDMSO is currently producing Update No. 7 (October 2006)
for all five MARC 21 formats in PDF via an XSLT transformation. These
PDF updates will be made available to the public from the Library of
Congress Web site, as well as being printed in the usual manner.

*MARC Web site*. The MARC 21 Web site (<http://www.loc.gov/marc/> )was
expanded and updated, in particular with the discussion papers and
proposals for the MARBI Committee meetings at ALA 2007 Midwinter
Meeting. Several new MARC-based library systems have been added to the
\"MARC Records, Systems and Tools\" online registry\
(
http://[[www.loc.gov/marc/marcservice.html]{.underline}](http://www.loc.gov/marc/marcservice.html)
). Likewise, many new translations of the MARC 21 documentation have
been added to the MARC Translations registry (
<http://www.loc.gov/marc/translations.html>). The Spanish language MARC
home page (<http://www.loc.gov/marc/marcspa.html>) continues to be
maintained to support the growing number of MARC 21 users in Spanish
speaking countries, especially Latin America.

*Unicode and MARC.* A proposal for a "lossless" technique for converting
Unicode to MARC-8 was developed and approved at the ALA Annual
Conference in June 2006. It joins the "lossy" technique that was
approved in January 2006, which specifies a technique for reducing
Unicode characters (approx. 100,000) to the MARC-8 subset (approx.
16,000) by defining a placeholder character that is substituted for each
unmappable Unicode character. This technique is not reversible as
knowledge of original character is lost, whereas the lossless technique
gives users the option of an encoding that remembers the original
character even though it cannot be displayed in a MARC-8 system. The
Library of Congress set up a special listserv for the MARC 21 systems
and vendor communities to discuss and arrive at consensus on various
issues concerning the implementation of Unicode with MARC 21.

[MODS (]{.underline}<http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/>[) and MADS
(]{.underline}<http://www.loc.gov/standards/mads/>)

Version 3.2 of the Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) was
released that included changes needed by the Digital Library Federation
(DLF) Aquifer Metadata Working Group and for records in the DLF/OCLC
Registry of Digital Masters, as well as additions to facilitate linking
within a MODS description or METS (Metadata Encoding and Transmission
Standard) document. This MODS XML schema furthers the goal of providing
standardized alternatives for XML-based description of electronic
objects for use with digital projects.

There continued to be wide interest and adoption of MODS in digital
library projects that require rich resource descriptions, particularly
in conjunction with METS and the Open Archives Initiative (OAI)
harvesting of metadata records. Many institutions are now making their
metadata available via OAI in MODS as an alternative format.

A transformation between MARC 21 XML authority records and MADS was
completed and made available. Several projects using MADS were initiated
in the community. Both MODS and MADS are developed through the open
membership MODS listserv.

[PREMIS]{.underline}

An Editorial Committee was appointed to assist in maintaining the data
dictionary and XML schemas of the core Preservation Metadata data
dictionary, PREMIS. The Committee has 10 members from various
communities and from 6 different countries. NDMSO staff participated in
the presentation of two two-day tutorials on PREMIS, one in Glasgow,
Scotland, in July, hosted by the Digital Curation Centre in the United
Kingdom, and the other before the Digital Library Federation meeting in
Boston, Mass., in November. NDMSO also contracted for a paper to review
enhancements to PREMIS that would allow better description of rights
associated with preserved objects.

[Information Retrieval with SRU and Z39.50]{.underline}

SRU (Search and Retrieval via URL) version 1.2 will be announced in
winter or early spring 2007. It incorporates various minor changes and
fixes minor problems. An OASIS Technical Committee will be formed to
standardize a Search/Retrieval protocol, with SRU Version 1.2 as the
basis and compatible with Amazon\'s OpenSearch a goal. When completed,
this will result in SRU 2.0. The SRU implementors have approved the
companion Update protocol, which will become official as soon as its XML
schema is completed.

Completion of an upgrade to the Index Data YAZ proxy that LC uses as its
front-end for Z39.50 access to its primary catalogs allows LC to support
SRU access in addition to Z39.50. The new version also supports returned
records in MARCXML with holdings tagged as specified in the Z39.50
OPACXML record. Implementation continued on gateways to other databases
at LC -- Lucene, MySQL, and Inquiry -- that will eventually enable
federated searching of those databases with results returned in HTML.

**OFFICE OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES**

Chad Abel-Kops, a cataloger in the Serial Record Division and a Library
of Congress Leadership Development Fellow in 2004-2005, has been
detailed to the Department of State to serve in the Executive
Secretariat of the U.S. National Commission for UNESCO, where he assists
in coordinating the National Commission\'s participation in the
formulation and implementation of U.S. national policies toward UNESCO,
in particular regarding the World Digital Library Project of the Library
of Congress.

During 2006, the Office of Strategic Initiatives (OSI) played a crucial
role in the Library of Congress's transition to an institution ready to
meet the challenges of a century in which information is increasing
exponentially, with commensurate expectations for access to that
information.

OSI's longtime experience in the creation and dissemination of digital
content, combined with its national program to preserve digital
materials, gives it a unique perspective that is essential to the
Library's continued ability to meet the information needs of the U.S.
Congress, students, teachers, scholars, researchers and lifelong
learners. This experience is rooted in oversight of the National Digital
Library (NDL) Program, which provides access to millions of digitized
materials from the Library of Congress's collections and those of its
partners. The NDL Program began in 1994 (before OSI was established) and
led to the creation of one of the most extensive educational Web sites
on the Internet: <http://www.loc.gov/>.

In December 2000 Congress asked the Library to lead a national program
to collect and preserve important digital content \-- the National
Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program -- and the
Librarian of Congress created the Office of Strategic Initiatives.
Information Technology Services, a directorate of OSI, supports not only
these programs but also the technology needs of the entire Library.
NDIIPP continues to be the major focus for the OSI service unit.

**NATIONAL DIGITAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE AND PRESERVATION PROGRAM**

The digital heritage of the nation relies in great measure on the
success of the National Digital Information Infrastructure and
Preservation Program (NDIIPP) and other programs with similar mandates.
As the amount of digital information continues to be created at a pace
almost too great to be measured, the need for this program to collect
and preserve at-risk information increases exponentially. NDIIPP reached
its halfway point during this fiscal year, having achieved several
critical milestones in this unprecedented program to build a national
infrastructure to save America's digital heritage, which is at risk of
loss if it is not now preserved. The program's Web site is at URL
<http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/>.

[Digital Preservation Partnerships]{.underline}

Since 2000 the Library of Congress has made significant advances in
demonstrating the feasibility -- and importance \-- of a national
network of partners to collect, preserve and make available a
"universal" collection of born-digital materials. NDIIPP continued to
build a national network of collaborative institutions committed to
sharing the best practices for digital preservation. These partners are
building large collections of at-risk content and developing advanced
research into tools, services, repositories and overall infrastructure
for digital preservation. Individually, the partners have made
significant strides over the past year in meeting the challenges of
digital preservation.

[Library of Congress-National Science Foundation Research
Awards]{.underline}. In 2005 the Library and the National Science
Foundation formed a partnership to develop the first
digital-preservation research grants program (DigArch). The grants
support pioneering research into the long-term management of digital
information. The principal investigators of the DigArch programs have
been active participants in Library of Congress meetings, and they
presented their work at the January 2006 Digital Preservation Partners
meeting in Berkeley, Calif. Final reports from a number of the
participants are expected in 2007.

[NDIIPP States Initiative.]{.underline} The Library has continued to
build on the positive results of the 2005 States Consultation Workshops
that helped identify the pressing digital preservation issues facing
state and local governments. In 2006, the Library released *Preservation
of State Government Digital Information: Issues and Opportunities,* a
report of the Library's convening workshops with the states.

The findings of the report confirmed that the Library has a role to
play, and in May 2006, the Library released a Request for Expressions of
Interest for Multi-State Demonstration Projects for Preservation of
State Government Digital Information. Successful projects funded under
this initiative will build on the initial set of NDIIPP investments in
establishing a network of preservation partners exploring the viability
of highly collaborative, decentralized digital preservation approaches.
The Library intends to support multi-state demonstration projects that
reveal methods for preserving state government digital information by
means of developing partnerships, distributing responsibilities and
sharing technical expertise and infrastructure components. The intent is
to demonstrate practical solutions at the state level useful for
potential widespread adoption, as well as to learn how multi-state
consortial arrangements might be part of a network of preservation
partners.

The Library of Congress received 11 submissions in response to the
solicitation, and will announce awards in early 2007.

[Initiative on Preserving Creative America.]{.underline} In July 2006
OSI issued an announcement that sought expressions of interest in a
project to preserve the digital content produced by the private sector,
including but not limited to motion pictures, sound recordings, still
photography, graphics, illustration, interactive games, literary arts
and other media. The request grew out of a strategy meeting held by the
Library in Los Angeles in April 2006 in which NDIIPP gathered more than
50 private sector producers of digital content to assess their interest
in, and plans for, the long-term preservation of their digital content.

The deadline for submissions was September 22, 2006. The Library is
currently evaluating several proposals for possible matching funding.

[Partnership with Stanford University-CLOCKSS]{.underline}. The Library
of Congress entered into a three-year cooperative agreement in June 2006
with Stanford University to provide approximately \$700,000 in support
of Stanford's CLOCKSS (Controlled Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe)
digital archive pilot and related technical projects. Stanford is
matching the award dollar-for-dollar.

Since 1999, Stanford has been developing preservation software as part
of its LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) program. Initiated by
Stanford University Libraries, LOCKSS is open-source software that
provides libraries with an easy and inexpensive way to collect, store,
preserve and provide access to their own, local copy of authorized
content. The CLOCKSS program ( <http://www.lockss.org/clockss/>) is a
collaborative, community initiative to build a trusted, large-scale,
dark archive (an archive that is accessible only in case of emergency,
such as a loss of data at another site). CLOCKSS is intended to provide
a decentralized and secure solution to long-term archiving, based on the
LOCKSS technical infrastructure. Its governance and administration
structure are distributed to ensure that no single organization controls
the archive or has the power to compromise the content's long-term
safety or integrity.

[Partnership with SCOLA]{.underline}. Also in July, the Library of
Congress entered into a cooperative agreement that will ensure that
high-interest foreign news broadcasts such as those from Al-Jazeera (a
news and current affairs television channel based in Doha, Qatar), and
from Pakistan, Russia and the Philippines are archived and available for
future research.

The agreement is with SCOLA, a nonprofit educational corporation that
receives and retransmits television programming of long-term research
value from around the world in native languages. Under this cooperative
agreement, a minimum of 3,750 hours of programming in digital form will
be archived by SCOLA over a six-month period and made available to the
Library of Congress and its researchers. NDIIPP is providing funding
support. SCOLA is matching the \$250,000 provided by the Library, as
required by the NDIIPP legislation. The agreement, subject to continuing
matching contributions from SCOLA, was for an initial period of six
months, renewable up to four years.

SCOLA ( <http://www.scola.org/>) has agreements with approximately 90
countries to obtain and disseminate copies of foreign television
programs. While in the past SCOLA has retained broadcast material for
only a brief period, it is developing a capability to archive the
programs it now transmits digitally.

[Partnership with the National Endowment for the Humanities: The
National Digital Newspaper Program]{.underline}. In April 2005 the
Library and the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) announced
that six institutions had received more than \$1.9 million in grants
from NEH in the National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP), a long-term
effort to develop an Internet-based, searchable database of U.S.
newspapers now in the public domain. Two-year projects in California,
Florida, Kentucky, New York, Utah and Virginia are digitizing 100,000 or
more pages of each state's most historically significant newspapers
published between 1900 and 1910. When completed, digitized newspapers
will be made available through the Library's Web site.

The NDNP Web site, to be called *American Chronicle*, was scheduled for
beta testing beginning in October 2006, with release to the public in
mid-2007. For more information, see "Preservation Directorate" in this
document.

[Partnership with San Diego Supercomputer Center]{.underline}. The aim
of the NDIIPP partnership with the San Diego Supercomputer Center is to
build and measure trust and utility in a third-party bit-storage and
preservation facility. Two content types, namely digital photographs and
Web content, are being used as test data in this project. Eight test
scenarios are being developed for the purpose of this project. Some of
the test scenarios and required storage are already set up, test data
has been transferred to San Diego and tests are under way.

[Electronic Deposit for Electronic Journals Project]{.underline}

The eDeposit for eJournals project is a collaborative effort among three
service units of the Library: the U.S. Copyright Office, Library
Services and the Office of Strategic Initiatives. The project will
consider the near- and long-term needs of library users, as well as the
technologies available, by studying other systems and technologies in
order to build the most efficient system using available resources.

Copyright deposit represents the largest acquisitions channel for the
Library of Congress. In general, all U.S. publishers are legally
required to submit for deposit two copies of each of their publications
to the Copyright Office in the Library. For the past 136 years, this
mechanism has allowed the Library to build the largest and finest
collection of knowledge in the world and to preserve the vast array of
American creativity, while minimizing the cost to taxpayers of acquiring
these rich materials.

A working group comprising senior managers from service units across the
institution performs customer and stakeholder management. It has met on
a biweekly basis since September 2005. The working group has also formed
teams to explore specific subject areas and to engage key stakeholders
outside the working group. The members and stakeholders have been chosen
according to subject matter expertise, technical expertise or
responsibility relevant to the execution of this project.

In 2007 the team will operate a fully functioning prototype system and
conduct beta tests with a small group of digital content owners and
other digital archival service providers. In parallel, the team will
conduct policy roundtable discussions with stakeholders (including
authors, publishers, libraries and archivists) to solicit input and
craft policies and regulations that support LC mission goals of deposit,
acquisition and institutional stewardship of digital publications. The
initial area of content focus is scholarly electronic journals.
E-journals were chosen because they represent a major trend in scholarly
communication, are increasingly available only in digital formats and
are widely perceived by research libraries to be at great risk of loss
unless steps are taken now to preserve them.

Targeted outcomes for the program include building new technical
infrastructure and service capabilities, such as a digital repository
and related ingest and audit interfaces, a policy framework, and a
policy planning process that will serve LC as it continues the
acquisition and stewardship of a growing number of digital assets in the
future.

[National Digital Strategy Advisory Board]{.underline}

Members of the federal agencies that are part of the National Digital
Strategy Advisory Board (NDSAB) met May 5, 2006, in Washington, D.C., to
discuss the standards used in the creation and archiving of digital
materials. The 27-member NDSAB comprises a diverse group of individuals
from academe, private industry and the federal government. These
individuals have given generously of their time and expertise to provide
invaluable input toward the long-term preservation initiative.

The May meeting brought together representatives of federal agencies
that Congress asked the Library to collaborate with when it passed the
NDIIPP legislation in December 2000. Agency executives and technical
specialists in attendance were from the National Institute of Standards
and Technology, the National Library of Medicine, the National Archives
and Records Administration, the National Agricultural Library, the U.S.
Government Printing Office, the National Science Foundation and the
Institute of Museum and Library Services.

The agency representatives joined NDIIPP staff to discuss an April 2006
agreement between the Library of Congress and the British Library to
support the migration of electronic content to the NLM DTD standard,
where practicable. The libraries hope that their advocacy of migration
to this standard will help ensure long-term access to electronic journal
content.

In July 2006, the full NDSAB convened to learn about NDIIPP advances and
make recommendations for future directions. The meeting opened with
updates from key Library of Congress staff, after which the advisory
board worked to help shape the NDIIPP vision for the future. The need to
get more public institutions, private corporations and research
organizations involved in preserving digital information was a major
topic for discussion. The group also looked at setting goals and
outcomes in the strategic plan for the future of the program. A
representative from the National Science Foundation's Office of
Cyberinfrastructure spoke about the continuing activities and
opportunities connected to cyberinfrastructure.

[NDIIPP Public Awareness]{.underline}

NDIIPP received press attention from several media outlets during fiscal
2007, such as *Investor's Business Daily* and Yahoo! Most notable was a
September 2006 article in *The Atlantic*. Called "File Not Found," the
article by noted journalist James Fallows described NDIIPP and told how
digital preservation is as important to libraries as it is to
individuals.

[Section 108 Study Group]{.underline} - *see* **U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE**

[Web Content Capture Project]{.underline}

Because the Web has become a major source of born-digital information,
NDIIPP supports a Web Capture Team to collect and preserve Web sites. In
May 2006 the team launched a Web site devoted to the project at URL
<http://www.loc.gov/webcapture/>

During fiscal 2006, the team captured 21 terabytes of digital content,
for a total of 56 terabytes to date. This total represents more than 1
billion documents downloaded from the Web to date. This is the
equivalent of digital text information from more than 55 million books
(1 megabyte per book of text only).

OSI worked with Library Services and the Law Library on capturing the
following collections: *Election 2006; Prints and Photographs
Acquisitions; The Manuscript Division Archive of Organizational Web
Sites* (Web sites of existing donors); *General Collections Archiving
Pilot; Crisis in Darfur, Sudan; Hurricane Katrina,* a partnership with
the Internet Archive and the California Digital Library; *Supreme Court;
109th Congress;* and *War in Iraq.*

Two technical areas were tested this year: indexing tools and transfer
and storage technical requirements. NutchWax, the first full-text
indexing tool for archived Web content was installed and tested at the
Library. During this year, the following collections were indexed using
NutchWax: *Supreme Court, Darfur, General Collections Pilot, Prints and
Photographs Acquisitions, Election 2004* and *Papal Transition.* The
team also initiated work on a Web archive collection management tool to
aid curator selection and collection and a tool to capture streaming
media from the Web.

**NATIONAL DIGITAL LIBRARY PROGRAM**

In 1994, the Library established its National Digital Library (NDL)
Program, following a five-year pilot in which digitized versions of rare
Library materials were distributed on CD-ROM to 44 schools and libraries
nationwide. With the advent of the public Web in 1994, the Library was
able to distribute these materials more widely and at less cost. By
2000, more than 5 million historical items were offered in American
Memory, the NDL Program's flagship Web site at
<http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/index.html>. During the next decade, the
Library's Web site has grown into one of the largest repositories of
noncommercial high-quality content online.

In fiscal 2006, the Library's Web site overall handled 4,039,719,596
transactions, or "hits." This statistic accounts for all major sub-sites
of <http://www.loc.gov/> , such as *American Memory, America's Library,
THOMAS, Online Catalogs, Exhibitions* and *Global Gateway.*

The number of digital files produced by the Library in fiscal 2006 was
900,192, and the total files now number 11,074,223.

*[American Memory]{.underline}*

Two collections were added to *American Memory* in fiscal 2006: "The
Moldenhauer Archives" of approximately 3,500 items documenting the
history of Western music from the medieval period through the modern era
and "Miller NAWSA Suffrage Scrapbooks: 1897-1911," a presentation of the
scrapbooks of Elizabeth Smith Miller, and her daughter, Anne Fitzhugh
Miller, documenting the National American Woman Suffrage Association.
This brings to 135 the number of thematic collections in this Web site
that presents digitized versions of the rare and unique multimedia
materials from the Library and its partners.

*Global Gateway,* a Web site of bilingual presentations in collaboration
with overseas libraries and selected international collections of the
Library, added one new collection: "Islamic Manuscripts from Mali." New
materials were added to the site's presentations of "Selections of
Arabic, Persian and Ottoman Calligraphy," "France in America" and
"United States and Brazil: Expanding Frontiers, Comparing Cultures."

During fiscal 2006, the THOMAS congressional information Web site (
<http://thomas.loc.gov/>) was redesigned and upgraded with features to
improve site navigation and make it easier for users to quickly find the
information they want.

In addition to the Web Capture site, sites on *Lifelong Literacy* and
*Lyrical Legacy,* an educational initiative, were launched. An online
*Performing Arts Encyclopedia* was also made available.

The Library's ranking jumped considerably in the *2006 Brown University
eGov Study.* This study has been conducted since 2000 and covers federal
and state e-government portals and services. The Library's Web site
moved from a ranking of 28 in 2005 to a ranking of 15 in 2006. Federal
sites are rated by the same criteria as those of the 50 states: contact
information, publications, databases, portals and number of online
services. In June the Library received the People's Voice Webby Award
for cultural institutions.

**EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH**

The Office of Strategic Initiatives strives to expand the use of the
Library's collections by educators and their students. Several OSI
programs and services have made the Library's online primary sources
important tools for teachers who want to incorporate these materials
into their classroom activities.

[Teaching with Primary Sources Program/Adventure of the American Mind
Transition]{.underline}

In fiscal 2006, as the request of Congress, the Library was authorized
to develop and administer a professional development program for
educators based on the pilot Adventure of the American Mind (AAM)
program, which was active in seven states. OSI will expand the AAM
program into the new national Teaching with Primary Sources Program.

Teaching with Primary Sources (TPS) was officially launched with the
first consortium meeting in Washington and a new Web site at
<http://www.loc.gov/teachers/tps/>. An advisory board was also formed.
One of the TPS initiatives will be a "virtual institute," an online
program that will provide programming to educators not currently in TPS
partner areas. The Library has also contracted with the Center for
Children and Technology for a research study of the best practices of
the current AAM national program.

[Collaborations]{.underline}

Educational Outreach staff played an active role in the Music Division's
online *Performing Arts Encyclopedia*. Externally, they also worked with
the National Constitution Center to promote Library of Congress
Constitution-related resources for the NCC Constitution Day Web site at
<http://www.constitutioncenter.org/constitutionday/>. They also worked
with several curriculum specialists in the District of Columbia public
schools on in-house teacher workshops.

Staff worked with the Ad Council and Public Affairs Office in developing
the *Lifelong Literacy* Web site\
( <http://www.loc.gov/literacy/> ). This is the third campaign in which
the Library has worked with the nonprofit Ad Council to advertise its
electronic educational materials.

[Learning Page]{.underline}

The Learning Page Web site (
[http://memory.loc.gov/learn](http://memory.loc.gov/learn/) ) was
specifically created for teachers and their students and features
educational ways to use the Library's online primary sources in the
classroom.

In fiscal 2006, the site added materials to assist educators in teaching
about "Early America," "American Indians," "Civil War Music," "The
Constitution," "The Great Depression and the Dust Bowl," "Found Poetry,"
"Jim Crow," "Thanksgiving" and "Suffrage."

All lessons in the site were aligned to meet National Teaching
Standards. Seventeen "Collection Connections," which are
teacher-oriented guides to the American Memory collections, were added.

**INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES**

Information Technology Services (ITS) supports the technology needs of
all Library service and infrastructure units and their staff members and
in the process provides a flexible, sustainable and secure Library-wide
information and technology environment. The architecture fosters
innovation and organizational learning, enabling the rapid and effective
transition to interoperable solutions.

Fiscal 2006 saw significant advances in enterprise architecture and in
the design, standardization and security of the Library's networks and
data centers, the expansion of the data centers' capabilities and the
security of the Library's desktops and applications.

This was also the first full year of implementation of the ITS
reorganization that occurred in February 2005. This reorganization
grouped most of the 208 staff members into two groups: Research and
Development, and Operations. The new organization also included a
separate IT Security Group, reporting to the director, and a
strengthened Technology Assessment Group. The goal of the reorganization
was to improve alignment and support of the Library's mission, Strategic
Plan, and Digital Strategic Plan.

ITS also made significant strides in the development of a formal,
business-driven enterprise architecture. Both a Business Reference Model
and Technical Reference Model were developed for the current Library
architecture. Fiscal 2007 will see the completion of the target
architectures and transition plans, in alignment with the Library's
Strategic Plan.

To attain and sustain a high success rate for infrastructure and
application projects, ITS has implemented project management (PM)
methodologies along with System Development Life Cycle processes (SDLC)
for all new projects handled by ITS and to continuing operational
support provided during fiscal 2006. Use of PM and SDLC methodologies
will increase the successful implementation of projects by identifying
risks, schedules and costs based upon full consideration of business
processes, functional requirements and economic and technical
feasibility.