**TO:** EPA Docket No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2003-0146

**FROM:** Bob Lucas, EPA/SPPD

**DATE:** August 6, 2007

**SUBJECT:** Average Refinery Stream Composition

**I. [Purpose]{.underline}**

This memorandum documents the overall average refinery waste stream
compositions used in estimating the impacts of various control options
considered for petroleum refineries.

**II. [Average Refinery Stream Compositions]{.underline}**

During the development of 40 CRF part 63, subpart CC (commonly referred
to as Refinery MACT 1), average waste stream composition data were
collected. These data are summarized in a memorandum in a letter for
Patrick Murphy to James Durham (Murphy, 1993). The average individual
process stream compositions as reported by Murphy are reproduced in
Table 1 of this memorandum. However, in Table 1 we report a different
overall average refinery process stream composition. The overall average
composition developed by Murphy used a direct arithmetic average
concentration of the reported streams. However, alkylate production, for
example, is only a small fraction of the crude throughput. In the
current analysis, production and capacity data from the EIA (EIA, 2006a
and 2006b) were used to develop an overall, weighted-average
composition. Since production and capacity data were reported on a
volume basis (e.g., barrels per day) and the concentrations were
reported on a mass basis (i.e., weight percent) the density of the
streams were used to develop a mass weighted-average concentration for
the petroleum refinery process streams. The data used to estimate the
weighted-average concentrations as well as the results of this
calculation are presented in Table 1.

**III. [References]{.underline}**

EIA. 2006a. *Petroleum Supply Annual 2005.* Prepared by the Energy
Information Administration, Washington, DC. October 23.

EIA. 2006b. *Refinery Capacity Report 2006.* Prepared by the Energy
Information Administration, Washington, DC. June 15.

Murphy*,* P. 1993. Letter from P. Murphy (Radian) to J. Durham (EPA).
*Average Weight Percent HAPs in Refinery Streams.* Providing emission
estimates for Petroleum Refinery MACT I (Subpart CC). August 10, 1993.

Table 1. Average Petroleum Refinery Stream Compositions

  ------------------------ ---------------------------- ----------- ---------------------------- ----------- -------------------- ----------- ----------------------------- ----------- --------------------------- ----------- ------------------- -----------
                           **Concentration of Refinery                                                                                                                                                                          **[Calculated       
                           Process Stream (wt %)^1^**                                                                                                                                                                           Weighted Average    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Conc. (wt           
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                %)]{.underline}**   

                           **[Gasoline]{.underline}**               **[Alkylate]{.underline}**               **[Crude                         **[Reformate]{.underline}**               **[Naphtha]{.underline}**                                   
                                                                                                             oil]{.underline}**                                                                                                                     

  **HAP**                  **Liquid**                   **Vapor**   **Liquid**                   **Vapor**   **Liquid**           **Vapor**   **Liquid**                    **Vapor**   **Liquid**                  **Vapor**   **Liquid**          **Vapor**

  2,2,4-Trimethylpentane   4.72                         0.953       35.4                         9.4         0.263                0.247       1.36                          0.509       0.799                       0.355       2.457               0.707

  Benzene                  1.61                         0.626       0.118                        0.061       0.446                0.807       4.61                          3.32        1.244                       1.06        1.212               1.024

  Biphenyl                 0.01                         0           0                            0           0.061                0.00002     0.025                         0           0                           0           0.037               0.000

  Cresols                  0.789                        0.00065     0                            0           0.218                0.0008      0.141                         0.0002      0.0191                      0.00003     0.315               0.001

  Cumene                   0.849                        0.01565     0.004                        0.0001      0.126                0.0108      0.968                         0.033       0.91                        0.0368      0.460               0.017

  Ethylbenzene             1.605                        0.0631      0.011                        0.0006      0.346                0.0633      3.73                          0.272       1.366                       0.118       1.079               0.088

  Hexane                   7.138                        4.428       3.22                         2.63        2.46                 7.11        3.9                           4.48        7.53                        10.27       4.260               6.440

  Methyl tertiary butyl    3.54                         3.62        0                            0           0                    0           0                             0           0                           0           0.821               0.839
  ether                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             

  Naphthalene              0.444                        0.0006      0.012                        0.00002     0.219                0.00125     0.798                         0.0018      0.399                       0.0011      0.343               0.001

  Phenol                   0.0551                       0.0001      0                            0           0.323                0.0031      0.0276                        0.0001      0.066                       0.0003      0.194               0.002

  Styrene                  3.528                        0.0882      0                            0           0                    0           0.0907                        0.0042      0                           0           0.827               0.021

  Toluene                  7.21                         0.842       0.503                        0.077       0.878                0.477       14.54                         3.14        5.05                        1.295       4.161               0.907

  Xylene                   7.17                         0.235       0.0212                       0.0009      1.42                 0.216       13.79                         0.8367      5.49                        0.395       4.398               0.296

  Total Organic HAP        38.67                        10.87       39.29                        12.17       6.76                 8.94        43.98                         12.60       22.87                       13.53       20.56               10.34

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

  Density^2^               0.74                                     0.692                                    0.88                             0.79                                      0.79                                                        

  EIA Petroleum Annual     7901893                                                                           15220088                                                                                                                               
  2006 (2005 data),                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
  bbl/cd^3^                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

  EIA Refinery Capacity                                             1238479                                  18307502                         3859070                                                                                               
  Report 2006, bbl/sd^4^                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

  Calculated stream day                                                                                      0.83136                                                                                                                                
  capacity utilization^5^                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

  Calculated Production,                                            1029619                                                                   3208269                                   3461132                                                     
  bbl/cd (bbl/sd×0.83136)                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

  Weighting Factor Used^6^ 0.4366                                   0.0532                                   1                                0.1892                                    0.2041                                                      
  ------------------------ ---------------------------- ----------- ---------------------------- ----------- -------------------- ----------- ----------------------------- ----------- --------------------------- ----------- ------------------- -----------

> ^1^Source of individual process stream concentration data: letter from
> Patrick Murphy (Radian) to James Durham (EPA), August 10, 1993
>
> ^2^Gasoline and naphtha densities from product MSDS sheets; alkylate
> density assumed to be density of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane; reformate
> density assumed equal to naphtha; crude density based on mid-range of
> medium crude (API gravity of 30 degrees API).
>
> ^3^Gasoline production is net production of Finished Motor Gasoline
> from Table 18 minus net inputs of Motor Gasoline Blending Components
> from Table 17 of EPA, 2006a; crude throughput from net inputs in Table
> 17 of EPA, 2006a.
>
> ^4^Capacity data for crude distillation, alkylation, and catalytic
> reforming units reported in EPA 2006b.
>
> ^5^Stream day to actual calendar day capacity utilization factor based
> on crude throughput data: 15,220,088/18,307,502 = 0.83136.
>
> ^6^Weighting factor = (Stream Production (bb/cd) × Stream Density) /
> (Crude Production (bbl/cd) × Crude Density).