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Staff Contact: Brad Watson (x69719) May 24, 2007

**Appropriations Policy Brief**

**H.R. 2206 --- U.S. Troop Readiness, Veterans' Care, Katrina Recovery,
and Iraq Accountability Appropriations Act, 2007**

***Amendment 2***

**[Global War on Terror Funding (Title I):]{.underline}**

[]{.mark}

In millions

  ----------------------- ------------- ------------ ----------- ---------------- ---------
  **Department of         **Request**   **Senate**   **House**   **Conference**   **H.R.
  Defense**                                                                       2206**

  Military Personnel      12,145        13,435       13,566      13,508           12,360

  Operations &            50,316        48,784       52,499      50,430           45,973
  Maintenance                                                                     

  *Afghanistan Security   5,906         5,906        5,906       5,906            5,906
  Fund*                                                                           

  *Iraq Security Fund*    3,842         3,842        3,842       3,842            3,842

  *Iraq Freedom Fund*     206           456          156         356              356

  *Joint Improvised       2,433         2,433        2,433       2,433            2,433
  Explosive Device Defeat                                                         
  Fund*                                                                           

  Procurement             24,900        24,508       24,814      25,592           23,682

  R&D, Test & Evaluation  1,448         1,190        1,035       1,099            1,099

  Defense Working Capital 1,316         1,321        1,316       1,321            1,116
  Fund                                                                            

  Drug Interdiction &     259           255          259         255              255
  Counter Drug Activities                                                         

  Intelligence Community  67            72           57          72               72
  Management Account                                                              

  Defense Health Program  1,073         2,467        2,790       3,252            1,123

  National Defense        5             5            5           5                5
  Sealift Fund                                                                    

  Military Construction   1,854         4,914        4,916       4,806            1,670

  *DoD Base Closure       0             3,136        3,136       3,136            
  Account*                                                                        
  ----------------------- ------------- ------------ ----------- ---------------- ---------

  ------------------------ ------------- ------------ ----------- ---------------- ---------
  **Department of          **Request**   **Senate**   **House**   **Conference**   **H.R.
  Agriculture**                                                                    2206**

  P.L. 480, Title II       350           475          450         460              350
  Grants                                                                           

  **Department of Energy**                                                         

  Defense Nuclear          63            63           150         150              63
  Nonproliferation                                                                 

  **Department of                                                                  
  Justice**                                                                        

  General Legal            4             4            2           2                2
  Activities, Salaries &                                                           
  Expenses                                                                         

  U.S. Attorneys, Salaries 5             13           5           5                5
  & Expenses                                                                       

  U.S. Marshals, Salaries  15            33           3           6                6
  & Expenses                                                                       

  National Security        2             2            2           2                2
  Division                                                                         

  FBI, Salaries & Expenses 118           348          118         268              118

  Drug Enforcement         8             25           8           12               8
  Administration                                                                   

  Bureau of Alcohol,       4             4            4           4                4
  Tobacco, Firearms, and                                                           
  Explosives, Salaries and                                                         
  Expenses                                                                         

  Federal Prison System    17            17           17          17               17

  **Department of State**                                                          

  Diplomatic and Consular  913           816          967         871              837
  Affairs                                                                          

  Inspector General        35            37           47          37               35

  Education and Cultural   20            10           20          20               20
  Exchange Programs                                                                

  International            200           200          288         288              283
  Peacekeeping Activities                                                          

  International            10            10           10          10               10
  Broadcasting Operations                                                          

  Bilateral Economic       0             161          161         161              161
  Assistance, Child                                                                
  Survival and Health                                                              
  Programs Fund                                                                    

  International Disaster   0             187          135         165              105
  and Famine Assistance                                                            

  US Agency for            0             6            11          9                6
  International                                                                    
  Development, Operating                                                           
  Expenses                                                                         

  Economic Support Fund    3,025         2,602        2,953       2,649            2,502

  Assistance for Eastern   279           214          239         229              214
  Europe                                                                           

  Department of State      0             465          0           260              255
  Democracy Fund                                                                   

  International Narcotics  260           210          335         257              210
  Control                                                                          

  Migration and Refugee    72            143          112         131              72
  Assistance                                                                       

  U.S. Emergency Refugee & 30            55           35          55               30
  Migration Assistance                                                             

  Nonproliferation,        28            28           88          58               28
  Antiterrorism, &                                                                 
  Demining                                                                         

  **Department of                                                                  
  Treasury**                                                                       

  International Affairs    3             3            3           3                3
  Technical Assistance                                                             

  **Funds Appropriated to                                                          
  the President**                                                                  

  Foreign Military         220           220          260         265              220
  Financing Program                                                                

  Peacekeeping Operations  278           323          225         230              190
  ------------------------ ------------- ------------ ----------- ---------------- ---------

**[Iraq Policy Section:]{.underline}**

**Findings:** The Iraq policy section (pages 18-30 of House amendment 2
to the Senate version of H.R. 2206) includes a dozen findings,
including:

-   "Iraq is experiencing a deteriorating problem of sectarian and
    intrasectarian violence based upon political distrust and cultural
    differences among factions of the Sunni and Shia populations.

-   "Iraqis must reach political and economic settlements in order to
    achieve reconciliation, for **there is no military solution**. The
    failure of the Iraqis to reach such settlements to support a truly
    unified government greatly contributes to the increasing violence in
    Iraq. (emphasis added)

-   "The responsibility for Iraq's internal security and halting
    sectarian violence rests with the sovereign Government of Iraq.

-   "It is essential that the sovereign Government of Iraq set out
    measurable and achievable benchmarks and President Bush said, on
    January 10, 2007, that 'America will change our approach to help the
    Iraqi government as it works to meet these benchmarks'."

**Benchmarks:** Conditions future U.S. strategy in Iraq on the Iraqi
Government's meeting the following 18 benchmarks:

-   "Forming a Constitutional Review Committee and then completing the
    constitutional review;

-   "Enacting and implementing legislation on de-Baathification;

-   "Enacting and implementing legislation to ensure the equitable
    distribution of hydrocarbon resources of the people of Iraq without
    regard to the sect or ethnicity of recipients, and enacting and
    implementing legislation to ensure that the energy resources of Iraq
    benefit Sunni Arabs, Shia Arabs, Kurds, and other Iraqi citizens in
    an equitable manner;

-   "Enacting and implementing legislation on procedures to form
    semi-autonomous regions;

-   "Enacting and implementing legislation establishing an Independent
    High Electoral Commission, provincial elections law, provincial
    council authorities, and a date for provincial elections;

-   "Enacting and implementing legislation addressing amnesty;

-   "Enacting and implementing legislation establishing a strong militia
    disarmament program to ensure that such security forces are
    accountable only to the central government and loyal to the
    Constitution of Iraq;

-   "Establishing supporting political, media, economic, and services
    committees in support of the Baghdad Security Plan;

-   "Providing three trained and ready Iraqi brigades to support Baghdad
    operations;

-   "Providing Iraqi commanders with all authorities to execute this
    plan and to make tactical and operational decisions, in consultation
    with U.S commanders, without political intervention, to include the
    authority to pursue all extremists, including Sunni insurgents and
    Shiite militias;

-   "Ensuring that the Iraqi Security Forces are providing even handed
    enforcement of the law;

-   "Ensuring that, according to President Bush, Prime Minister Maliki
    said 'the Baghdad security plan will not provide a safe haven for
    any outlaws, regardless of \[their\] sectarian or political
    affiliation';

-   "Reducing the level of sectarian violence in Iraq and eliminating
    militia control of local security;

-   "Establishing all of the planned joint security stations in
    neighborhoods across Baghdad;

-   "Increasing the number of Iraqi security forces units capable of
    operating independently;

-   "Ensuring that the rights of minority political parties in the Iraqi
    legislature are protected;

-   "Allocating and spending \$10 billion in Iraqi revenues for
    reconstruction projects, including delivery of essential services,
    on an equitable basis; and

-   "Ensuring that Iraq's political authorities are not undermining or
    making false accusations against members of the Iraqi Security
    Forces."

**Reports Required:** Directs the President to submit reports to
Congress on the extent to which the Government of Iraq is meeting such
benchmarks and whether such progress, or lack thereof, merits changes to
the American commitment in Iraq.

-   [First report due by July 15, 2007]{.underline}: Assessing the
    status of each of the 18 benchmarks above, declaring whether
    satisfactory progress is being made, describing such revisions to
    American policy necessary to meet benchmarks on which there has been
    unsatisfactory progress, and including the advisability of
    implementing such aspects of the Iraq Study Group as appropriate.

-   [Second report due September 15, 2007]{.underline}: Same procedures
    and criteria as the July 15^th^ report.

**Testimony Before Congress:** Requires that the U.S. Ambassador to Iraq
and the Commander of Multinational Forces in Iraq testify in open and
closed sessions before the relevant congressional committees at a time
before September 15, 2007, to be agreed upon by congressional leadership
and the Administration.

**Funding Limitations:** Prohibits funds for the Economic Support Fund
from being obligated or expended for Iraq unless and until the President
certifies in each of the two required reports above that Iraq is making
progress on each of the 18 benchmarks. The President could waive these
funding limitations, if he submits to Congress an unclassified written
certification justifying the waiver in detail, including detailed
descriptions of the U.S. actions being taken to bring the Iraqi
Government into compliance with the 18 benchmarks.

**Withdrawal from Iraq:** Directs the President to withdraw U.S. forces
from Iraq, if the Iraqi Government passes a constitutional resolution
directing such a withdrawal.

**Independent Assessments:** Requires two independent assessments, as
follows:

-   Directs the Comptroller General to report to Congress by September
    1, 2007, on the status of the achievement of the 18 benchmarks above
    and whether each benchmark has been met.

-   Authorizes \$750,000 for the Department of Defense to commission a
    501(c)(3) entity with "recognized credentials and expertise in
    military affairs" to report to Congress on:

> \--"The readiness of the Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) to assume
> responsibility for maintaining the territorial integrity of Iraq,
> denying international terrorists a safe haven, and bringing greater
> security to Iraq's 18 provinces in the next 12 to 18 months, and
> bringing an end to sectarian violence to achieve national
> reconciliation;
>
> \--"The training, equipping, command, control and intelligence
> capabilities, and logistics capacity of the ISF; and
>
> \--"The likelihood that, given the ISF's record of preparedness to
> date, following years of training and equipping by U.S. forces, the
> continued support of U.S. troops will contribute to the readiness of
> the ISF to fulfill the missions outlined in \[the first clause of the
> report requirements above\]."

To read the RSC summary of the Iraq policy section of the last
supplemental appropriations bill, visit this webpage:
<http://www.house.gov/hensarling/rsc/doc/LB_051007_IraqSupp2.doc>.

To read the RSC summary of the stand-alone Iraq-withdrawal legislation
that the House considered on May 10, 2007, visit this webpage:
<http://www.house.gov/hensarling/rsc/doc/LB_051007_IraqWithdrawal.doc>.

**RSC Staff Contact for This Section**: Paul S. Teller,
<paul.teller@mail.house.gov>, (202) 226-9718

**[Items of Note:]{.underline}**

**Transfer of Funds**: Allows the Secretary of Defense to transfer up to
\$3.5 billion of the funds made available to the Department of Defense
upon his determination that it is in the national interest to do so.
During FY07, the Secretary of Defense may also transfer \$6.3 billion in
of the amounts credited to Defense Cooperation Account.

**Commander's Emergency Response Program:** Provides \$456 million for
the Commander's Emergency Response Program to allow military commanders
in Iraq and Afghanistan to respond to urgent humanitarian and
reconstruction needs.

**Transfer of Funds to Pakistan:** Allows up to \$110 million to be
transferred from the Department of State Economic Support Fund to
support programs in Afghanistan.

**Assistance to Government of Iraq to Support Disarmament**: Allows
\$156 million of funding provided for Iraq Security Forces Fund to be
used to provide assistance to the government of Iraq to support the
"disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration of militias and illegal
armed groups.

**[Hurricane Relief (Title II):]{.underline}**

[]{.mark}

In millions

  ----------------------- ------------- ------------ ----------- ---------------- ---------
                          **Request**   **Senate**   **House**   **Conference**   **H.R.
                                                                                  2206**

  FEMA, Disaster Relief   3,400         4,310        4,310       4,610            3,400
  Fund                                                                            
  ----------------------- ------------- ------------ ----------- ---------------- ---------