Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 2/28/2006

**GAIN Report Number:** TU6010

TU6010

**Turkey**

**Grain and Feed**

**Annual Report**

**2006**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)Jim Higgiston, Agricultural Counselor

U.S. Embassy

**Prepared by:**

Unal Sarigedik, Agricultural Specialist

**Report Highlights:**

Turkey is projected to have a good year for grain production. Snow
coverage throughout the country has improved the production prospects.
If favorable weather conditions remain until the harvest, Turkey may
have very high yields and production. However, spring rains are the most
important factors of the yields. Turkish Grain Board (TMO) procured
larger quantities of grains in 2005. The GOT continues to protect
domestic producers through high duties, seasonal bans, and the quota
systems. Turkey increased the import duties for wheat, barley, and corn.
Duties for pulses remained the same and were reduced for rice within the
quota. Import licenses for wheat and barley are not provided and for
rice are only provided within the quota. There are also seasonal bans on
imports of pulses. Turkey began exporting corn for the first time in MY
2005.

Includes PSD Changes: Yes

Includes Trade Matrix: Yes

Annual Report

Ankara \[TU1\]

\[TU\]

Table of Contents

[**Executive Summary 3**](#executive-summary)

[Production 4](#production)

[Wheat 4](#wheat)

[Barley 5](#barley)

[Corn 5](#corn)

[Rice 5](#rice)

[Pulses 6](#pulses)

[Consumption 6](#consumption)

[Wheat 6](#wheat-1)

[Table 1: TMO Wheat Selling Prices (Plus VAT)
7](#table-1-tmo-wheat-selling-prices-plus-vat)

[Barley 7](#barley-1)

[Table 2: TMO Barley Selling Prices (Plus VAT)
7](#table-2-tmo-barley-selling-prices-plus-vat)

[Corn 7](#corn-1)

[Rice 8](#rice-1)

[Pulses 8](#pulses-1)

[Trade and Trade Policy 8](#trade-and-trade-policy)

[Wheat 8](#wheat-2)

[Table 3: TMO Wheat Selling Prices to Wheat Flour and Products Exporters
9](#table-3-tmo-wheat-selling-prices-to-wheat-flour-and-products-exporters)

[Table 4: Export Trade Matrix for Wheat Flour
9](#table-4-export-trade-matrix-for-wheat-flour)

[Barley 10](#barley-2)

[Corn 10](#corn-2)

[Rice 10](#rice-2)

[Pulses 11](#pulses-2)

[Stocks 11](#stocks)

[Policy 11](#policy)

[Production Policy 11](#production-policy)

[Marketing 12](#marketing)

[Statistical Tables 13](#statistical-tables)

[PSD Table for Wheat 13](#psd-table-for-wheat)

[Export Trade Matrix for Wheat 14](#export-trade-matrix-for-wheat)

[Import Trade Matrix for Wheat 14](#import-trade-matrix-for-wheat)

[PSD Table for Barley 15](#psd-table-for-barley)

[Export Trade Matrix for Barley 16](#export-trade-matrix-for-barley)

[Import Trade Matrix for Barley 16](#import-trade-matrix-for-barley)

[PSD Table for Corn 17](#psd-table-for-corn)

[Export Trade Matrix for Corn 18](#export-trade-matrix-for-corn)

[Import Trade Matrix for Corn 18](#import-trade-matrix-for-corn)

[PSD Table for Rice 19](#psd-table-for-rice)

[Export Trade Matrix for Rice 20](#export-trade-matrix-for-rice)

[Import Trade Matrix for Rice 20](#import-trade-matrix-for-rice)

[PSD Table for Lentils 21](#psd-table-for-lentils)

[Export Trade Matrix for Lentils 22](#export-trade-matrix-for-lentils)

[Import Trade Matrix for Lentils 22](#import-trade-matrix-for-lentils)

[PSD Table for Chickpeas 23](#psd-table-for-chickpeas)

[Export Trade Matrix for Chickpeas
24](#export-trade-matrix-for-chickpeas)

# Executive Summary

Turkey had normal precipitation in most parts of the country during 2005
except the Southeastern Anatolian Region, which received less than
normal rain in the fall. Snow, which started shortly after the New Year
and spread throughout the country, was very useful for grains. It
provided not only plenty of water for plant generation but also provided
a protective snow covering which limited winterkill particularly for
wheat. As a result, Turkey is expected to have a good year for grain
production, provided that all other conditions remain favorable until
the harvest. However, it must be noted that rains in April and May are
the most significant factors determining the yields in Turkey. Thus,
Turkish grain production in MY 2006 is projected to be higher than
normal and also about five percent higher than the last year's
production level.

Even though the Turkish Grain Board (TMO) was supposed to reduce its
intervention in the Turkish grain markets, it actually procured larger
quantities of grains in MY 2005 compared with the previous year. This
was due to higher production and low market prices. Turkey's rice import
regime, which alleviated TMO paddy rice procurement, continued (see
Trade Policy Section). TMO procured a total of about 5.7 MMT of grains,
including about 4.2 MMT of wheat, about 800,000 MT of barley, about
660,000 MT of corn and about 12,000 MT of paddy rice, and paid about YTL
1.76 billion. In MY 2004, TMO procured 1.9 MMT of wheat, 1,000 MT of
barley, 500,000 MT of corn, and 15,000 MT of paddy rice and paid a total
of YTL 820 million. TMO is expected to announce the MY 2006 procurement
prices at the end of May or early June. TMO has not indicated the type
of procurement policy or price policy it intends to follow during the
coming year. However, given projected production levels the procurement
prices should not be very high. On the other hand, if the GOT holds
elections in the fall, then the GOT may use higher procurement prices
and quantities to curry the favor to farmers.

Corn production has increased significantly in Turkey in recent years.
As a result, imports have decreased and Turkey has begun to export corn
for the first time. Corn consumption is estimated to stay rather stable
even though it was decreased in the use for poultry production due to
the Avian Influenza (AI) outbreak in Turkey. This was primarily because
of increased direct corn usage for feed on farm or crushed by farmers
for making their own mix and in commercial feed production for large and
small ruminant livestock. Large quantities of corn were also used to
replace lower qualities of wheat (feed wheat) in the feed ingredients.
TMO had several sales tender to sell a total of 235,000 MT of corn so
far in MY 2005. Turkey is not expected to import or export significant
quantities of corn in MY 2006, due to the projections that production
will be reduced because of low market prices in MY 2005 and consumption
will increase as the poultry industry recovers from the AI outbreak.

The first AI outbreak in Turkey was in early October 2005 and the GOT
took aggressive measures to contain the outbreak. However, new outbreaks
occurred at the beginning of the New Year, which again sent poultry
consumption tumbling. In average for 2005, consumption of poultry
products is expected to decline by 30 percent for the year.

In order to protect local farmers Turkey is using high import duties,
seasonal bans, and quota systems to limit grain imports. Turkey is not
issuing any import licenses for wheat and barley. Wheat is currently
being sold from TMO stocks to exporters of flour and flour products. In
the past, exporters would be able to import wheat with zero duty against
their export receipts. Control certificates to import paddy and milled
rice are provided only within the quota system. Rice imports were
allowed only to those traders that bought paddy rice from domestic
producers. There are also seasonal bans on imports of pulses. Licenses
to import pulses were distributed shortly before the New Year to protect
local producers.

U.S. grain exporters to Turkey continue to face stiff competition in the
market. EU countries enjoy tariff advantages, particularly under tariff
rate quotas stipulated by the EU Customs Union Agreement. Neighboring
countries also have the ability to sell grain in small consignments and
offer faster and lower cost shipping.

In January 2006, import duties for durum and milling wheat were raised
for all countries to 100 and 130 percent, respectively. Similarly, corn
duties were raised to 130 percent and barley duties were raised to 100
percent for all countries. However, duties for chickpeas and lentils
remained at 19.3 percent. Import duties for rice were reduced from those
listed in the 2006 Import Regime within the quota system. Import duties
were reduced to 20 percent for paddy rice, 25 percent for brown rice,
and 43 percent for milled rice. Import duties were announced in the 2006
Import Regime as 34 percent for paddy rice, 36 percent for brown rice
and 45 percent for milled rice.

Beginning February 22, Turkey began to impose a minimum import price of
USD 1,500 for all dry beans, according to a new Turkish regulation.
Turkish traders have indicated that this price is between USD 600 and
USD 1,000 higher than traditional import prices. The goal of this new
regulation is to increase the domestic prices for dry beans and help
protect the Turkish dry been sector. U.S. exports of dry beans to Turkey
grew tenfold in 2005.

(As of February 28, 2006, USD 1.00 was around YTL 1.32 compared to YTL
1.285 a year ago.)

# Production

During this past fall, precipitation was normal in most parts of the
country, except the Southeastern Anatolia Region, which experienced less
rain. Precipitation turned out to be better around the New Year in all
regions. Snow beginning in early January provided replenished water
tables and also provided adequate snow covering for crops in all parts
of Turkey limiting winterkill. Given current conditions, Turkish grain
production, particularly for wheat, is expected to be good in MY 2006
(June 2006 -- May 2007). However, the level of precipitation in the
spring will have the most influence on the final harvest.

In MY 2005, TMO procured larger quantities of all grains except paddy
rice. Procurement for all grains totaled about 5.7 MMT compared to about
3.5 MMT in 2004. This is creating confusion about the future role of TMO
since TMO's role was supposed to be reduced according to the IMF and the
World Bank agreements. TMO paid about YTL 1.76 billion for the total
procurement in MY 2005 compared to YTL 820 million in MY 2004. By law,
TMO is required to purchase all grains offered by farmers. According to
the TMO procurement system, farmers are paid the first half of the value
of the purchases at the time of the procurement and the remainder is
paid 30 days later.

## Wheat

Wheat production in MY 2006 is projected at about 19 MMT, 1 MMT higher
than MY 2005. Precipitation in April and May is especially important for
cereal production in Turkey and, as a result, production estimates may
change later in the year. Wheat planting area in MY 2006 is projected to
be about the same as was in previous year.

In MY 2005, TMO procured about 4.2 MMT of wheat and paid about YTL 1.4
billion, which was much larger than the quantities procured in recent
years. This is mainly because millers did not purchase large quantities
in MY 2005, primarily due TMO policies implemented in MY 2004. In 2004,
TMO eliminated margins between procurements and sales, which caused
domestic wheat prices to decline. Traders and millers, who had bought
large quantities before the decree, lost money and were reluctant to buy
large quantities in 2005. In MY 2004, TMO procured 1.9 MMT of wheat and
paid about YTL 660 million.

Farmers started to recognize the benefits of spraying against insects in
recent years, particularly against the Sunni bug and "aelia rostrata",
which can reduce yields and quality dramatically. It is expected that
more farmers will spray against these pests because of higher prices
they received for better quality grains.

The MY 2005 wheat crop is still estimated at 18 MMT. About fourteen
percent of this total (2.5 MMT) is estimated as durum.

## Barley

In MY 2006, barley production is projected to be at 7.6 MMT, about the
same level as MY 2005. Area is projected to decrease slightly due to low
returns, but yields are projected to be higher in MY 2006 due to
projected better climatic conditions compared with 2005. Precipitation
through May will affect final yields.

Barley planted area and production in MY 2005 were revised slightly
upward due to high market prices in MY 2004 according to the information
received from industry sources.

TMO procured much larger quantities of barley in MY 2005, because of
larger supply. TMO procured 796,000 MT of barley in MY 2005 and paid
about YTL 200 million.

## Corn

Turkey's corn production significantly increased in recent years as
farmers switched from less profitable crops like cotton. Some of the
sugar beat farmers also switched to grow corn since a production quota
limited sugar beat production. The GOT also encouraged farmers to grow
corn by providing a premium. As a result, Turkey, which used to import
large quantities of corn, reduced its imports and even had large stocks
due to the Avian Influenza (AI) outbreak and started to export in MY
2005. AI outbreak in Turkey hurt the poultry sector and feed producers.
Consumption dropped to zero in some areas with production following
suit. Corn prices decreased significantly. Many corn producers are now
considering switching back to cotton since the outbreak still continues.
Turkey's corn area (700,000 hectares) and production (3.5 MMT) are
projected to decrease by around 10 percent in MY 2006. Corn production
in MY 2005 was revised slightly upward according to industry sources.

TMO procured larger quantities of corn in MY 2005 compared to recent
years because of the larger supply. To alleviate the poultry sector's
problem and reduce TMO stocks, the GOT announced a corn sales program.
According to this program, TMO will sell corn to the industry with a six
month deferred payment system with zero interest rates. TMO procured
661,000 MT of corn and paid YTL 158 million in MY 2005.

## Rice

No change is expected in rice area and production for MY 2006 compared
with the previous year.

Turkey's rice production increased significantly in recent years
(especially in MY 2004 and in MY 2005) with support for production and
protective trade policies. MY 2005 rice area and paddy rice production
estimates remained at 90,000 hectares and 600,000 MT, respectively,
while milled rice production estimate was slightly reduced to 360,000 MT
in MY 2005. This adjustment was made according to industry sources.
Industry sources indicated that 60 percent milling rate would be more
representative for domestic rice. As a result, milling rate was changed
from 65 percent to 60 percent. A similar adjustment was also made in MY
2004 production.

Turkey has been applying a restrictive import regime for rice for the
past 2 years. Under this regime, an importer will only be issued an
import license for paddy or milled rice if he buys domestic paddy from
producers or paddy or milled rice from TMO. As a result of this policy,
TMO has not been procuring large quantities of paddy rice from producers
in recent years. TMO bought only about 12,000 MT and paid a total of YTL
7.7 million in MY 2005. TMO paid YTL 0.76 per kilogram for baldo, YTL
0.72 per kilogram for other long grain, YTL 0.65 per kilogram for medium
grain, and YTL 0.59 per kilogram for short grain, all prices were as
paddy. These prices were lower than what TMO paid a year ago. TMO paid
YTL 0.864 per kilogram for Baldo, YTL 0.756 per kilogram for other long
grain, YTL 0.685 per kilogram for other medium grain, and YTL 0.621 per
kilogram for short grain in MY 2004.

## Pulses

Both lentil and chickpea area and production are projected to increase
slightly in MY 2006 due to higher prices driven by higher domestic
demand in MY 2005. Lentil production is projected to increase from
560,000 MT in MY 2005 to 600,000 MT in MY 2006 and chickpea production
is projected to increase from 610,000 MT in MY 2005 to 640,000 MT in
2006.

GUNEYDOGUBIRLIK, which used to procure large quantities of red lentils
to protect farmers, did not procure any lentils in MY 2005. This was
because of higher market price and lack of credit availability for
GUNEYDOGUBIRLIK to procure. In the past, the GOT used to support all of
the State Economic Enterprises, including GUNEYDOGUBIRLIK, for their
procurement. However, the GOT stopped supporting SEEs because of tight
budget policies in recent years. SEEs are now borrowing from commercial
banks to pay for their procurement.

The market prices of red lentils were around YTL 0.60 and YTL 0.65 per
kilogram during the harvest season (June and July) in MY 2005.
GUNEYDOGUBIRLIK procured 9,946 kilograms and paid an average price of
YTL 0.586 per kilogram in MY 2004. No other government organization is
procuring any pulses.

## 

# Consumption

## Wheat

Total wheat consumption is projected to increase slightly parallel to
the increase in population. However, consumption for feed is projected
to be at similar levels in MY 2006 to revised levels in MY 2005. In MY
2005, feed wheat consumption was revised significantly downward due to
good quality of wheat and availability of other feed grains at low
prices, especially corn.

TMO selling prices in MY 2005 are significantly lower (around 15--20
percent) than they were in MY 2004. This is primarily because of lower
procurement prices and large carryover stocks.

The prices at the major grain commodity exchanges are given below for a
comparison. These prices may be considered as current market prices. A
total of 208 MT of durum wheat was sold at an average price of YTL 0.35
per kilogram, a total of 2,075 MT of hard red milling wheat was sold at
an average price of YTL 0.38 per kilogram, a total of 63 MT of semi-hard
white milling wheat was sold at an average price of YTL 0.35 per
kilogram, and a total of 1,533 MT of feed wheat was sold at an average
price of YTL 0.35 per kilogram at the Konya Commodity Exchange on
February 16, 2006. The quantities of sales and average prices at the
Polatli Commodity Exchange on the same day were: 310 MT of hard red
milling wheat at YTL 0.42 per kilogram, 16 MT of semi hard milling wheat
at YTL 0.39, 43 MT of other milling wheat at YTL 0.39 per kilogram, and
66 MT of feed wheat at YTL 0.35 per kilogram.

TMO current wheat selling prices in the regular domestic market are
provided in Table 1.

### Table 1: TMO Wheat Selling Prices (Plus VAT)

  ---------------------------------------------------- ------------------
  **Type of Grains**                                   YTL / Kg.

  **Durum Wheat**                                      

  Anatolian Durum No: 1                                0.40

  Anatolian Durum No: 2                                0.39

  Other Durum No: 1                                    0.39

  Other Durum No: 2                                    0.38

  Low Quality Durum                                    0.33

  **Milling Wheat**                                    

  Anatolian Hard Red or White No: 1                    0.39

  Anatolian Hard Red or White No: 2                    0.38

  Anatolian Hard Red or White No: 3                    0.37

  Semi Hard Red or White No: 1                         0.38

  Semi Hard Red or White No: 2                         0.37

  Semi Hard Red or White No: 3                         0.36

  Other Milling (Red or White) No: 1                   0.35

  Feed Wheat                                           0.31
  ---------------------------------------------------- ------------------

Source: TMO Website -- www.tmo.gov.tr

Currently USD 1.00 is around YTL 1.32 compared to YTL 1.285 a year ago.

## Barley

Barley consumption is projected to increase slightly in MY 2006 parallel
to the projected increase in feed consumption. Industry sources estimate
that about half of the feed barley is used for making commercial feed
and the other half is fed directly or crushed by farmers for making
their own feed mix. Malting barley consumption, which is estimated at
900,000 MT, has been rather steady in recent years. Domestic feed
consumption in MY 2004 was revised slightly downward due to high barley
and low feed wheat prices.

### Table 2: TMO Barley Selling Prices (Plus VAT)

  ---------------------------------------------- ------------------------
  **Type of Barley**                             YTL / Kg.

  Malting                                        0.295

  White No: 1                                    0.29

  White No: 2                                    0.28

  Black and Blue No: 1                           0.28

  Black and Blue No: 2                           0.27

  Low quality of White or B&B                    0.26
  ---------------------------------------------- ------------------------

Compared to TMO prices, 453 MT of feed barley was sold at an average
price of YTL 0.259 per kilogram at the Konya Commodity Exchange and 11
MT at YTL 0.268 at the Polatli Commodity Exchange on February 16, 2005.
Current barley prices are lower than they were both at TMO and the
commodity exchanges compared to they were a year ago.

## Corn

Corn consumption is projected to increase slightly in MY 2006, because
of anticipated recovery of the poultry sector and projected use of corn
for ethanol production.

Corn consumption stayed stable in MY 2005, even though the AI outbreak
significantly reduced it. Corn consumption increased significantly due
to use of more corn in livestock (both large and small ruminants) feed
rations and also replaced feed wheat due to its availability and low
price and, thus, balanced the total consumption.

TMO selling price for corn is YTL 0.295 per kilogram compared to the
average price of YTL 0.244 per kilogram at the Adana Commodity exchange
on February 16, 2006

## Rice

Turkish rice consumption competes with bulgur (cracked wheat) and pasta.
The prices of bulgur and pasta can significantly affect rice
consumption. Turkey's per capita rice consumption is estimated in a
range between 7 and 8 kilograms, depending upon the prices of competing
products. GOT policies, which aim to restrict imports and increase the
price, have helped decrease rice consumption since pasta and bulgur
becomes relatively cheaper. Most of the rice is consumed in big cities
and western provinces. Packed rice sales have increased in recent years.

TMO is currently selling Baldo rice at YTL 1.65 per kilogram and other
long grain rice at YTL 1.50 per kilogram. These prices are slightly
lower in 50-kilogram bags (YTL 1.63 per kilogram of Baldo and YTL 1.47
per kilogram of other long grain). In retail outlets in Ankara, Baldo
rice is currently sold around YTL 3.00 and YTL 4.00 per kilogram,
Osmancik is sold about YTL 3.00 per kilogram, Calrose is sold around YTL
2.50 per kilogram, and Egyptian medium grain rice is sold around YTL
2.00 per kilogram.

## Pulses

Pulse consumption increased significantly in MY 2005 because of the
Avian Influenza outbreak, which reduced poultry meat and egg consumption
significantly in Turkey. As a result, per capita consumption estimates
of lentils and chickpeas both were increased to over seven kilograms. It
is projected that per capita consumption will be somewhat less in MY
2006 compared to in MY 2005, but still higher than it was in recent
years as people will start eating more poultry products.

Due to high demand, pulse prices increased in recent months. Green
lentils are sold around YTL 3.00, red lentils are sold around YTL 2.00
and YTL 2.50 per kilogram and chickpeas are sold around YTL 2.50 and YTL
3.00 per kilogram in the retail markets in Ankara.

# Trade and Trade Policy

The GOT is not issuing any control certificates (import licenses) for
wheat and barley. Rice may be imported within a tariff quota only.

All data provided in the trade matrixes indicate the official data
provided by the Turkish Statistical Corporation (TSC), the new name of
the organization that used to be called State Institute of Statistics
(SIS). Trade through free zones is not included in these matrixes.
Re-exports to Iraq and some other Middle Eastern and Caucasian countries
through free trade zones are not considered as imports and exports and,
thus, are not included in to the official trade data.

## Wheat

In MY 2006 Turkey is projected to import only very small quantities of
wheat due to projected large production. Turkey imported less wheat in
MY 2005 because of large carryover stocks and reduced feed wheat
consumption. In MY 2005, TMO procured large quantities and accumulated
large stocks for a second year in a row. The GOT has not been issuing
any control certificates for wheat imports during the last several
years. Wheat imports are possible only within quotas primarily from the
EU countries. In the past, control certificates were provided to the
industry for re-exporting wheat products such as flour, pasta, biscuits,
etc. However, the GOT has stopped issuing control certificates for wheat
flour and product exporters since September 2004 in order to allow TMO
to reduce its stocks.

Instead, TMO is selling wheat to flour, pasta, and biscuit exporters at
prices below government procurement prices. TMO sold about 1 MMT of
wheat to exporters since September 2005. Current TMO selling prices,
which are listed in the following table, are slightly lower than they
were a year ago.

### Table 3: TMO Wheat Selling Prices to Wheat Flour and Products Exporters

  --------------------------------- ------------------- ------------------
  **Type of Wheat**                 **MY 2005 Crop      **MY 2004 Crop
                                    (USD/MT)**          (USD/MT)**

  **Durum Wheat**                                       

  No: 1 Anatolian Durum             184                 182

  No: 1 Other Durum                 179                 177

  **Milling Wheat**                                     

  A1 Anatolian Hard White & A1      144                 142
  Anatolian Hard Red                                    

  A2 Anatolian Hard White & A2      138                 136
  Anatolian Hard Red                                    

  A1 Semi Hard Red & B1 Semi Hard   135                 133
  White                                                 

  A2 Semi Hard Red & B2 Semi Hard   129                 127
  White                                                 
  --------------------------------- ------------------- ------------------

Source: TMO Website -- www.tmo.gov.tr

In 2005, Turkey exported record quantities of wheat flour and pasta
becoming the world's second largest flour exporter. Turkey also exported
about 150,000 MT of pasta in MY 2004 and about 165,000 MT in CY 2005.
Iraq became the largest market for Turkish flour in 2005. More than half
of Turkey's wheat flour exports in 2005 went to Iraq. However, in MY
2006, flour exports are projected to decrease primarily due to increased
flour production in Iraq.

### Table 4: Export Trade Matrix for Wheat Flour

  ------------------------ --------------- -------------- ----------------
  Time Period              June - May      Units:         Metric Tons

  Exports for:             CY 2004                        CY 2005

  U.S.                     15              U.S.           15

  Others                                   Others         

  Iraq                     451240          Iraq           1068035

  Libya                    189659          Libya          228853

  Sri Lanka                107350          Sri Lanka      154473

  Georgia                  104040          Georgia        56874

  Israel                   63820           Pakistan       50000

  Eritrea                  55594           Indonesia      49296

  Indonesia                36924           Eritrea        46546

  Azerbaijan               29261           Israel         31144

  Albania                  22511           Azerbaijan     25493

  Angola                   22447           Albania        22272

  Total for Others         1082861                        1733001

  Others not Listed        205723                         165484

  Grand Total              1191969                        1898485
  ------------------------ --------------- -------------- ----------------

Wheat quality was good in MY 2005. Most of the wheat remaining TMO
stocks is satisfactory quality. Turkey has an import quota of 200,000 MT
for milling wheat and 100,000 MT for durum wheat with zero duty from the
EU countries. The GOT officials and the industry contacts are not sure
at this point that the GOT will distribute import licenses for these
imports. If it is going to be made, these imports must be completed
before May 31, 2006. Sources indicate that, the GOT does not have to
allocate the licenses to importers.

The GOT assigns TMO with the responsibility for exporting grains from
its stocks and provides the difference between purchase prices and
export prices. The GOT usually announces a small export subsidy for
pasta - USD 66 per MT with a quantity limit of 32 percent and up to 10
percent of the total payment. There are no other support programs for
any other cereals, cereal products, or pulses.

The GOT increased import duties for durum and milling wheat on August
31, 2005. The increases were from 60 percent to 100 percent for durum
wheat and 60 percent to 130 percent for milling wheat for all origins.
The same rates are applied in 2006 as well.

## Barley

Turkey is projected to export less barley (200,000 MT) in MY 2006 than
in (400,000 MT) MY 2005 because of the projected increase in
consumption. TMO sold a total of 390,000 MT of barley so far in MY 2005.
The duty on barley imports is 100 percent.

## Corn

Turkey is not projected to import or export significant quantities of
corn in MY 2006. Turkey traditionally imported large quantities of corn
and also increased import duties to prohibitive levels during the
domestic harvest until the domestic crop had been reduced. Sugar beet
producers were provided incentives to switch to corn and cotton
producers also switched to corn to earn more profit in recent years. As
a result, corn production increased significantly. Due to the AI
outbreak, however, corn consumption did not increase, even though cheap
corn replaced feed wheat substantially, and some surpluses accumulated.
TMO started to export corn for the first time and sold 235,000 MT for
export thus far in MY 2005. The corn import duty currently is 130
percent for all countries.

## Rice

It is very difficult to project at this point how much paddy and milled
rice Turkey will import in MY 2006 because Turkey may need to liberalize
its rice import regime due to a WTO case brought by the United States
against Turkey's import regime. Turkey is expected to import around
200,000 MT of rice (total of paddy and milled rice in milled terms),
which is similar to MY 2005.

Rice in MY 2005 was imported under a tariff rate quota regime
established in September 2005 with reduced duties for paddy and brown
rice imports within quota. Under the quota regime, importers could only
apply for an import license if they bought domestic paddy or milled
rice. The GOT has not issued any import licenses outside of the quota
regime since September 2004.

The Foreign Trade Undersecretariat will only issue an import license
after TMO determines that a company fulfills its domestic purchase
requirements. In MY 2005, the Foreign Trade Undersecretariat has already
provided licenses for 800 (or 600) kilograms of paddy, 640 (or 480)
kilograms of brown rice and 480 (or 360) kilograms of milled rice for
each 1,000 kilogram of paddy rice they bought from producers. If a
purchase was made from producers in some specified regions, then the
quota limit was reduced by 25 percent, which was shown in parenthesis.
The quota was 500 kilograms for paddy, 400 kilogram for brown rice and
300 kilograms for milled rice if importers bought 1,000 kilogram of
paddy rice from TMO. Similarly, the quota allocation was 833 kilogram
for paddy, 666 kilogram for brown rice and 500 kilogram for milled rice
if importers bought 1,000 kilogram of milled rice from TMO.

Most traders have already purchased from producers and requested
licenses. As a result, a total of around 170,000 MT of milled rice (or
paddy as milled equivalent) quotas was provided to traders. The import
duty rates are significantly less for imports of paddy and brown rice
and only two points less for imports of milled rice than the rates
announced in the 2006 Import Regime. Import duty rates are 20 percent
for paddy, 25 percent for brown, and 43 percent for milled rice within
the quota.

In addition to this quantity, Turkey has an agreement to import 30,000
MT of milled rice from EU countries (primarily from Italy) with zero
duty. Thus, total imports in MY 2005 are estimated at around 200,000 MT.
This quota system protects domestic producers and restricts total
imports to Turkey. Traders have been financing domestic procurement and
TMO, which was doing this before, was relieved from this financial
burden.

## Pulses

In MY 2005, Turkey imported larger quantities of lentils and exported
smaller quantities of chickpeas and much smaller quantities of lentils
due to increased domestic consumption. Turkey is projected to import
fewer quantities of lentils and export larger quantities of both lentils
and chickpeas due to projected increase in production and reduction in
domestic consumption in MY 2006. Turkey mostly exports red lentils and
imports green lentils.

The GOT does not issues import licenses for pulses during the harvest.
Instead, it permits imports around the beginning of the calendar year
after the domestic situation is clearer.

On February 7, the Turkish Foreign Trade Undersecretariat published a
new regulation, which went into effect on February 22. The regulation
sets a minimum price of \$1500 per ton for all types of imported dry
beans. The minimum import price will be anywhere from USD 600 to USD
1000 above the current prices for imported beans. The goal of the
regulation will be to increase the price of imported beans and support
higher prices for domestically produced beans. Turkey imports
approximately 45 TMT of dry beans, primarily white beans. The United
States in 2005 exported over 640 MT of white beans, which was 10 times
higher than the previous year.

# Stocks

Official stock data are not available. PSD stock data were derived
according to the information received from industry and trade sources.
It is estimated that TMO had larger stocks in MY 2005. TMO had about 3.0
MMT of wheat in stocks in early February. Of this total, 585,000 MT were
estimated to be durum, 2.35 MMT were estimated to be milling wheat, and
85,000 MT were estimated as feed wheat. TMO barley stocks currently are
estimated at about 400,000 MT. In addition to these, TMO had about
670,000 MT of corn and about 16,000 MT of paddy rice in its stocks as of
early February.

# Policy

## Production Policy

In order to reduce the budget deficit, Turkey has been going through
some major economic reforms, most of which were initiated by the IMF,
during the last five years. As a part of recent reforms, the GOT
eliminated most price supports, procurement and export subsidies. A
direct payment system was implemented instead. One of the primary aims
of applying direct payment system was to improve the farmers
registration system, which will be very important during the
negotiations with the EU. The farmers registration system is also
expected to improve Turkey's agricultural production estimates.

In MY 2005, the GOT announced a premium system for grains. The amount of
premium was YTL 0.03 per kilogram for wheat and paddy rice and YTL 0.02
per kilogram for barley, rye, and oats. It was hoped that producers
could sell their crop to any trader or miller in the market and still
receive this premium as long as they could document the sale. Thus, it
was anticipated that TMO would not have to buy large quantities of
grains. However, this policy did not work well and TMO wound up buying
the largest quantities in recent years. It is not yet known what the
grain procurement policy will be and whether or not a new premium system
will be announced in MY 2006.

The GOT also provided premiums to corn producers in MY 2004. Increases
in the amounts of these premiums were recently announced in MY 2005. The
premium for corn was increased from YTL 0.025 per kilogram in MY 2004 to
YTL 0.05 per kilogram in MY 2005. Payments of these premiums are slow
and the GOT has not paid all of its debts to producers related to MY
2004 premium payments.

The GOT adopted a law to organize a licensed warehousing system to
decrease TMO involvement with procurement. Some of the related
regulations were also published in the Official Gazette recently.
However, the system is still far from becoming effective since the
industry does not believe that the GOT will not interfere with the
procurement of grains, which has been the case during the last couple of
years even though the role of TMO was supposed to decline. The GOT has
not yet assigned the initial funds to insure the stored crops at
licensed warehouses either.

# Marketing

TMO procured larger quantities of grains in MY 2005 than the previous 3
years. TMO has procured a total of 5,566,000 MT of grains so far in MY
2005. Of this total, 4,171,000 MT were wheat \--473,000 MT were durum
and 3,698,000 MT were milling wheat. TMO also procured 796,000 MT of
barley, 11,000 MT of rye, 5,000 MT of oats, 661,000 MT of corn, and
12,000 MT of paddy rice through mid February. TMO paid a total of about
YTL 1.76 billion for the procurement, including about YTL 1.4 billion
for wheat, about YTL 200 million for barley, about YTL 160 million for
corn, and about YTL 8 million for paddy rice.

TMO also announced five sales tenders for export for wheat, barley, and
corn in MY 2005 and sold a total of 840,000 MT of grains. Of this total,
100,000 MT were durum, 115,000 MT were milling wheat, 390,000 MT were
feed barley, and 235,000 MT were corn. TMO announced another tender for
February 28, 2006, but cancelled on the tender day. The GOT also granted
a total of 50,000 MT of wheat flour to the earthquake victims in
Pakistan.

TMO is selling most of its wheat stocks in the domestic market to the
industry for re-export of flour and products. In 2005, Turkey became the
world's leading wheat flour exporter and one of the leading pasta
exporters. These policies allow Turkey to remain a significant long-term
wheat importer as a result of increasing demand for high quality wheat,
combined with existing crop quality. However, Turkey imported smaller
quantities of wheat in MY 2005 due to large carryover stocks, high
production, and improved quality due to increasing farmers' awareness of
spraying against insects.

In addition, Turkey is expected to remain a long-term rice importer,
even though the imported quantity may be less in time due to protective
policies. Turkey is not expected to import significant quantities of
barley and corn, if any, due to increases in production during the next
few years even though the consumption is also projected to grow.

The United States is well positioned to meet the growing demand for
constant quality and value. U.S. Wheat Associates, U.S. Grain Council,
and U.S. Rice Federation have done a good job creating an awareness of
the quality and value of U.S. grains. There is a competition, however,
from other suppliers with respect to both quality and price. Supply
reliability is a major asset of U.S. products. The GSM 102 credit
guarantee program also remains an important marketing tool for U.S.
grains.

# Statistical Tables

## PSD Table for Wheat

+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| Turkey      |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
|             |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| Wheat       |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
|             | **20 | *     | **20 | **    | **20 | **    | **    |
|             | 04** | *Revi | 05** | Estim | 06** | Forec | UOM** |
|             |      | sed** |      | ate** |      | ast** |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
|             | **   | **P   | **   | *     | **   | *     |       |
|             | USDA | ost** | USDA | *Post | USDA | *Post |       |
|             | Offi |       | Offi | Estim | Offi | Estim |       |
|             | cial | **    | cial | ate** | cial | ate** |       |
|             | \    | Estim | \    |       | \    |       |       |
|             | [Old | ate** | [Old | *     | [Old | *     |       |
|             | \]** |       | \]** | *\[Ne | \]** | *\[Ne |       |
|             |      | *     |      | w\]** |      | w\]** |       |
|             |      | *\[Ne |      |       |      |       |       |
|             |      | w\]** |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| ##          |      | 06    |      | 06    |      | 06    | MM    |
| #### Market |      | /2004 |      | /2005 |      | /2006 | /YYYY |
|  Year Begin |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Area      | 8600 | 8600  | 8600 | 8600  | 0    | 8600  | 1000  |
| Harvested** |      |       |      |       |      |       | HA    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Beginning | 1315 | 2045  | 1317 | 2040  | 817  | 740   | 1000  |
| Stocks**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **P         | 1    | 18500 | 1    | 18000 | 0    | 19000 | 1000  |
| roduction** | 8500 |       | 8000 |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 500  | 515   | 500  | 100   | 0    | 100   | 1000  |
| Mkt. Yr.    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| Imports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jul-Jun   | 500  | 440   | 500  | 100   | 0    | 100   | 1000  |
| Imports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jul-Jun   | 18   | 82    | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 1000  |
| Import      |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| U.S.**      |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 2    | 21060 | 1    | 20140 | 817  | 19840 | 1000  |
| SUPPLY**    | 0315 |       | 9817 |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 1998 | 2020  | 2000 | 3000  | 0    | 2500  | 1000  |
| Mkt. Yr.    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| Exports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jul-Jun   | 2217 | 2240  | 2000 | 3000  | 0    | 2500  | 1000  |
| Exports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Feed Dom. | 1000 | 1200  | 1000 | 500   | 0    | 500   | 1000  |
| Co          |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| nsumption** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 1    | 17000 | 1    | 16400 | 0    | 16500 | 1000  |
| Dom.        | 7000 |       | 7000 |       |      |       | MT    |
| Co          |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| nsumption** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Ending    | 1317 | 2040  | 817  | 740   | 0    | 840   | 1000  |
| Stocks**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 2    | 21060 | 1    | 20140 | 0    | 19840 | 1000  |
| DIS         | 0315 |       | 9817 |       |      |       | MT    |
| TRIBUTION** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+

## Export Trade Matrix for Wheat

+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Turkey                |              |              |               |
|                       |              |              |               |
| Wheat                 |              |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Time Period           | June - May   | Units:       | Metric Tons   |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Exports for:          | 2004         | Jan. - Dec.  | **2005**      |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| U.S.                  | 12           | U.S.         | 4             |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Others                |              | Others       |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Algeria               | 102212       | Algeria      | 128032        |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Yemen                 | 26000        | Italy        | 58380         |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Italy                 | 19684        | Sudan        | 27500         |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Israel                | 15683        | Yemen        | 26000         |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Portugal              | 15000        | Libya        | 25800         |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Syria                 | 5250         | Portugal     | 25750         |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Germany               | 218          | Israel       | 15683         |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Macedonia             | 64           | Spain        | 10060         |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Northern Cyprus       | 61           | Syria        | 5250          |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| United Kingdom        | 32           | Tunisia      | 5000          |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Total for Others      | 184204       |              | 327455        |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Others not Listed     | 152          |              | 472           |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Grand Total           | 184368       |              | 327931        |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+

## Import Trade Matrix for Wheat

+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Turkey                |              |               |               |
|                       |              |               |               |
| Wheat                 |              |               |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Time Period           | June - May   | Units:        | Metric Tons   |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Imports for:          | 2004         | Jan. - Dec.   | **2005**      |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| U.S.                  | 88620        | U.S.          | 2400          |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Others                |              | Others        |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Russia                | 170429       | Kazakhstan    | 77479         |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Kazakhstan            | 126977       | Russia        | 51166         |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Australia             | 70403        | Hungary       | 2997          |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Canada                | 26328        | Romania       | 879           |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Ukraine               | 12812        | Italy         | 458           |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Germany               | 7804         | Canada        | 76            |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Bulgaria              | 4636         | Israel        | 42            |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Romania               | 3974         | Croatia       | 40            |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Hungary               | 3019         | France        | 20            |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Italy                 | 666          | Mexico        | 1             |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Total for Others      | 427048       |               | 133158        |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Others not Listed     | 1057         |               |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Grand Total           | 516725       |               | 135558        |
+-----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+

## PSD Table for Barley

+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| Turkey         |       |       |      |       |      |      |      |
|                |       |       |      |       |      |      |      |
| Barley         |       |       |      |       |      |      |      |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
|                | **2   | *     | **20 | **    | **20 | **Fo | **U  |
|                | 004** | *Revi | 05** | Estim | 06** | reca | OM** |
|                |       | sed** |      | ate** |      | st** |      |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
|                | **U   | **P   | **US | **P   | **US | **Po |      |
|                | SDA** | ost** | DA** | ost** | DA** | st** |      |
|                |       |       |      |       |      |      |      |
|                | **    | **    | **Of | **    | **Of | **Es |      |
|                | Offic | Estim | fici | Estim | fici | tima |      |
|                | ial** | ate** | al** | ate** | al** | te** |      |
|                |       |       |      |       |      |      |      |
|                | *     | *     | **\  | *     | **\  | **\  |      |
|                | *\[Ol | *\[Ne | [Old | *\[Ne | [Old | [New |      |
|                | d\]** | w\]** | \]** | w\]** | \]** | \]** |      |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **Market Year  |       | 06    |      | 06    |      | 06/  | MM/  |
| Begin**        |       | /2004 |      | /2005 |      | 2006 | YYYY |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **Area         | 3500  | 3500  | 3500 | 3600  | 0    | 3500 | 1000 |
| Harvested**    |       |       |      |       |      |      | HA   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **Beginning    | > 679 | 565   | 855  | 860   | 705  | 760  | 1000 |
| Stocks**       |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **Production** | 7400  | 7400  | 7200 | 7600  | 0    | 7600 | 1000 |
|                |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **TOTAL Mkt.   | 76    | 110   | 100  | 0     | 0    | 0    | 1000 |
| Yr. Imports**  |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **Oct-Sep      | 100   | 70    | 100  | 0     | 0    | 0    | 1000 |
| Imports**      |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **Oct-Sep      | 0     | 0     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0    | 1000 |
| Import U.S.**  |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **TOTAL        | 8155  | 8075  | 8155 | 8460  | 705  | 8360 | 1000 |
| SUPPLY**       |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **TOTAL Mkt.   | 0     | 15    | 250  | 400   | 0    | 200  | 1000 |
| Yr. Exports**  |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **Oct-Sep      | 50    | 25    | 200  | 400   | 0    | 200  | 1000 |
| Exports**      |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **Feed Dom.    | 6400  | 6300  | 6300 | 6400  | 0    | 6500 | 1000 |
| Consumption**  |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **TOTAL Dom.   | 7300  | 7200  | 7200 | 7300  | 0    | 7400 | 1000 |
| Consumption**  |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **Ending       | 855   | 860   | 705  | 760   | 0    | 760  | 1000 |
| Stocks**       |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+
| **TOTAL        | 8155  | 8075  | 8155 | 8460  | 0    | 8360 | 1000 |
| DISTRIBUTION** |       |       |      |       |      |      | MT   |
+----------------+-------+-------+------+-------+------+------+------+

## Export Trade Matrix for Barley

+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| Turkey               |              |                |              |
|                      |              |                |              |
| Barley               |              |                |              |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| Time Period          | June - May   | Units:         | Metric Tons  |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| Exports for:         | 2004         | Jan. - Dec     | **2005**     |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| U.S.                 |              | U.S.           |              |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| Others               |              | Others         |              |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| Georgia              | 10           | Syria          | 213588       |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| Belgium              | 5            | Saudi Arabia   | 52500        |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| Germany              | 2            | Morocco        | 23204        |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
|                      |              | Albania        | 100          |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
|                      |              | Germany        | 2            |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
|                      |              | Netherlands    | 1            |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
|                      |              |                |              |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
|                      |              |                |              |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
|                      |              |                |              |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
|                      |              |                |              |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| Total for Others     | 17           |                | 289395       |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| Others not Listed    |              |                |              |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+
| Grand Total          | 17           |                | 289395       |
+----------------------+--------------+----------------+--------------+

## Import Trade Matrix for Barley

+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Turkey                |              |              |               |
|                       |              |              |               |
| Barley                |              |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Time Period           | June - May   | Units:       | Metric Tons   |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Imports for:          | 2004         | Jan. - Dec.  | **2005**      |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| U.S.                  |              | U.S.         |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Others                |              | Others       |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| France                | 51502        | France       | 51521         |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Kazakhstan            | 15803        | Ukraine      | 660           |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Iraq                  | 893          |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Ukraine               | 660          |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Bulgaria              | 53           |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
|                       |              |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
|                       |              |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
|                       |              |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
|                       |              |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
|                       |              |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Total for Others      | 68911        |              | 52181         |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Others not Listed     |              |              |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+
| Grand Total           | 68911        |              | 52181         |
+-----------------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+

## PSD Table for Corn

+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| Turkey         |      |      |      |       |      |      |     |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      |     |
| Corn           |      |      |      |       |      |      |     |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
|                | **20 | **R  | **20 | **    | **20 | **Fo | *   |
|                | 04** | evis | 05** | Estim | 06** | reca | *UO |
|                |      | ed** |      | ate** |      | st** | M** |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
|                | **US | **Po | **US | **P   | **US | **Po |     |
|                | DA** | st** | DA** | ost** | DA** | st** |     |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      |     |
|                | **Of | **Es | **Of | **    | **Of | **Es |     |
|                | fici | tima | fici | Estim | fici | tima |     |
|                | al** | te** | al** | ate** | al** | te** |     |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      |     |
|                | **\  | **\  | **\  | *     | **\  | **\  |     |
|                | [Old | [New | [Old | *\[Ne | [Old | [New |     |
|                | \]** | \]** | \]** | w\]** | \]** | \]** |     |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| ####### Mar    |      | 09/  |      | 09    |      | 09/  | M   |
| ket Year Begin |      | 2004 |      | /2005 |      | 2006 | M/Y |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | YYY |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **Area         | 700  | 650  | 800  | 800   | 0    | 700  | 1   |
| Harvested**    |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | HA  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **Beginning    | 759  | 685  | 499  | 510   | 449  | 600  | 1   |
| Stocks**       |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **Production** | 3000 | 3000 | 3500 | 3700  | 0    | 3500 | 1   |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **TOTAL Mkt.   | 150  | 235  | 100  | 40    | 0    | 0    | 1   |
| Yr. Imports**  |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **Oct-Sep      | 150  | 220  | 100  | 40    | 0    | 0    | 1   |
| Imports**      |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **Oct-Sep      | 10   | 16   | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0    | 1   |
| Import U.S.**  |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **TOTAL        | 3909 | 3920 | 4099 | 4250  | 449  | 4100 | 1   |
| SUPPLY**       |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **TOTAL Mkt.   | 10   | 10   | 250  | 250   | 0    | 0    | 1   |
| Yr. Exports**  |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **Oct-Sep      | 10   | 15   | 250  | 250   | 0    | 0    | 1   |
| Exports**      |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **Feed Dom.    | 2500 | 2500 | 2500 | 2500  | 0    | 2600 | 1   |
| Consumption**  |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **TOTAL Dom.   | 3400 | 3400 | 3400 | 3400  | 0    | 3600 | 1   |
| Consumption**  |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **Ending       | 499  | 510  | 449  | 600   | 0    | 500  | 1   |
| Stocks**       |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+
| **TOTAL        | 3909 | 3920 | 4099 | 4250  | 0    | 4100 | 1   |
| DISTRIBUTION** |      |      |      |       |      |      | 000 |
|                |      |      |      |       |      |      | MT  |
+----------------+------+------+------+-------+------+------+-----+

## Export Trade Matrix for Corn

+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Turkey             |             |                   |             |
|                    |             |                   |             |
| Corn               |             |                   |             |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Time Period        | Sep. - Aug. | Units:            | Metric Tons |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Exports for:       | 2004        | Jan. - Dec.       | **2005**    |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| U.S.               | 1           | U.S.              |             |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Others             |             | Others            |             |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Italy              | 4838        | Syria             | 78713       |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Germany            | 980         | Israel            | 37176       |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Spain              | 587         | Northern Cyprus   | 10678       |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| France             | 511         | Italy             | 1735        |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Israel             | 426         | France            | 924         |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Netherlands        | 133         | Spain             | 907         |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Greece             | 109         | Pakistan          | 640         |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Northern Cyprus    | 33          | Germany           | 239         |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Iraq               | 23          | Greece            | 109         |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Bulgaria           | 20          | Netherlands       | 70          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Total for Others   | 7660        |                   | 131191      |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Others not Listed  | 1926        |                   | 1387        |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Grand Total        | 9587        |                   | 132578      |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+

## Import Trade Matrix for Corn

+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Turkey               |              |               |               |
|                      |              |               |               |
| Corn                 |              |               |               |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Time Period          | Sep. - Aug.  | Units:        | Metric Tons   |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Imports for:         | 2004         | Jan. - Dec    | **2005**      |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| U.S.                 | 23334        | U.S.          | 15030         |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Others               |              | Others        |               |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Romania              | 82995        | Romania       | 78214         |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Ukraine              | 41130        | Ukraine       | 34818         |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Hungary              | 33293        | Argentina     | 34620         |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Argentina            | 30796        | Hungary       | 32043         |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Bulgaria             | 12499        | Moldova       | 7836          |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Moldova              | 10433        | Bulgaria      | 6438          |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| France               | 1272         | Kazakhstan    | 431           |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Spain                | 447          | Spain         | 402           |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Kazakhstan           | 431          | Italy         | 312           |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Italy                | 312          | France        | 209           |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Total for Others     | 213608       |               | 195323        |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Others not Listed    | 311          |               | 379           |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Grand Total          | 237253       |               | 210732        |
+----------------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+

## PSD Table for Rice

+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| Turkey      |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
|             |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| Rice,       |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| Milled      |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
|             | **20 | *     | **20 | **    | **20 | **    | **    |
|             | 04** | *Revi | 05** | Estim | 06** | Forec | UOM** |
|             |      | sed** |      | ate** |      | ast** |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
|             | **US | **P   | **   | **P   | **US | **P   |       |
|             | DA** | ost** | USDA | ost** | DA** | ost** |       |
|             |      |       | Of   |       |      |       |       |
|             | **   | **    | fici | **    | **Of | **    |       |
|             | Offi | Estim | al** | Estim | fici | Estim |       |
|             | cial | ate** |      | ate** | al** | ate** |       |
|             | \    |       | **\  |       |      |       |       |
|             | [Old | *     | [Old | *     | **\  | *     |       |
|             | \]** | *\[Ne | \]** | *\[Ne | [Old | *\[Ne |       |
|             |      | w\]** |      | w\]** | \]** | w\]** |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| ###         |      | 09    |      | 09    |      | 09    | MM    |
| #### Market |      | /2004 |      | /2005 |      | /2006 | /YYYY |
|  Year Begin |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Area      | 80   | 80    | 90   | 90    | 0    | 90    | 1000  |
| Harvested** |      |       |      |       |      |       | HA    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Beginning | 135  | 50    | 196  | 95    | 192  | 95    | 1000  |
| Stocks**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Milled    | 325  | 300   | 366  | 360   | 0    | 360   | 1000  |
| P           |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| roduction** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Rough     | 500  | 500   | 563  | 600   | 0    | 600   | 1000  |
| P           |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| roduction** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **MILLING   | 6500 | 6000  | 6500 | 6000  | 0    | 6000  | 1000  |
| RATE        |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| (.9999)**   |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 296  | 295   | 200  | 200   | 0    | 200   | 1000  |
| Imports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jan-Dec   | 300  | 155   | 175  | 200   | 0    | 200   | 1000  |
| Imports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jan-Dec   | 0    | 23    | 0    | 75    | 0    | 50    | 1000  |
| Import      |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| U.S.**      |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 756  | 645   | 762  | 655   | 192  | 655   | 1000  |
| SUPPLY**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 1000  |
| Exports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jan-Dec   | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 1000  |
| Exports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 560  | 550   | 570  | 560   | 0    | 570   | 1000  |
| Dom.        |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| Co          |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| nsumption** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Ending    | 196  | 95    | 192  | 95    | 0    | 85    | 1000  |
| Stocks**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 756  | 645   | 762  | 655   | 0    | 655   | 1000  |
| DIS         |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| TRIBUTION** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+

## Export Trade Matrix for Rice

+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Turkey             |             |                   |             |
|                    |             |                   |             |
| Rice, Milled       |             |                   |             |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Time Period        | Sep. - Aug. | Units:            | Metric Tons |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Exports for:       | 2004        | Jan. - Dec.       | **2005**    |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| U.S.               | 82          | U.S.              | 98          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Others             |             | Others            |             |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Northern Cyprus    | 190         | Northern Cyprus   | 143         |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Iraq               | 179         | Iraq              | 90          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| United Kingdom     | 67          | Pakistan          | 72          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Afghanistan        | 40          | United Kingdom    | 72          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Russia             | 33          | Afghanistan       | 44          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| France             | 26          | Russia            | 28          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Kazakhstan         | 25          | Kazakhstan        | 27          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Belgium            | 19          | Germany           | 23          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Azerbaijan         | 8           | France            | 20          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Norway             | 8           | Belgium           | 16          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Total for Others   | 595         |                   | 535         |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Others not Listed  | 107         |                   | 88          |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Grand Total        | 784         |                   | 721         |
+--------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+

## Import Trade Matrix for Rice

+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Turkey                |               |              |               |
|                       |               |              |               |
| Rice, Milled          |               |              |               |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Time Period           | Sep. - Aug.   | Units:       | Metric Tons   |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Imports for:          | 2004          | Jan. - Dec.  | **2005**      |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| U.S.                  | 80044         | U.S.         | 73173         |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Others                |               | Others       |               |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Egypt                 | 144625        | Egypt        | 143546        |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Italy                 | 47682         | Italy        | 28477         |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| China                 | 9825          | Vietnam      | 5842          |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Vietnam               | 6944          | China        | 3880          |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Thailand              | 1283          | Russia       | 2382          |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Russia                | 1082          | Macedonia    | 2093          |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Bulgaria              | 703           | Bulgaria     | 1413          |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Spain                 | 356           | Thailand     | 830           |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Pakistan              | 155           | Uruguay      | 506           |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| France                | 109           | Pakistan     | 134           |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Total for Others      | 212764        |              | 189103        |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Others not Listed     | 165           |              | 85            |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+
| Grand Total           | 292973        |              | 262361        |
+-----------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------+

## PSD Table for Lentils

+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| #####       |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| #### Turkey |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
|             |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| Lentils     |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
|             | 2004 | *     | **20 | **    | **20 | **    | **    |
|             |      | *Revi | 05** | Estim | 06** | Forec | UOM** |
|             |      | sed** |      | ate** |      | ast** |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
|             | **   | **P   | **   | **P   | **   | **P   |       |
|             | USDA | ost** | USDA | ost** | USDA | ost** |       |
|             | Offi |       | Offi |       | Offi |       |       |
|             | cial | **    | cial | **    | cial | **    |       |
|             | \    | Estim | \    | Estim | \    | Estim |       |
|             | [Old | ate** | [Old | ate** | [Old | ate** |       |
|             | \]** |       | \]** |       | \]** |       |       |
|             |      | *     |      | *     |      | *     |       |
|             |      | *\[Ne |      | *\[Ne |      | *\[Ne |       |
|             |      | w\]** |      | w\]** |      | w\]** |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Market    |      | 01    |      | 01    |      | 01    | MM    |
| Year        |      | /2004 |      | /2005 |      | /2006 | /YYYY |
| Begin**     |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Area      | 0    | 440   | 0    | 450   | 0    | 480   | 1000  |
| Harvested** |      |       |      |       |      |       | HA    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Beginning | 0    | 60    | 0    | 20    | 0    | 25    | 1000  |
| Stocks**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **P         | 0    | 540   | 0    | 560   | 0    | 600   | 1000  |
| roduction** |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 5     | 0    | 65    | 0    | 50    | 1000  |
| Mkt. Yr.    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| Imports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jul-Jun   | 0    | 25    | 0    | 50    | 0    | 50    | 1000  |
| Imports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jul-Jun   | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 1000  |
| Import      |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| U.S.**      |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 605   | 0    | 645   | 0    | 675   | 1000  |
| SUPPLY**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 170   | 0    | 120   | 0    | 150   | 1000  |
| Mkt. Yr.    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| Exports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jul-Jun   | 0    | 160   | 0    | 120   | 0    | 150   | 1000  |
| Exports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Feed Dom. | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 1000  |
| Co          |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| nsumption** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 415   | 0    | 500   | 0    | 475   | 1000  |
| Dom.        |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| Co          |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| nsumption** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Ending    | 0    | 20    | 0    | 25    | 0    | 50    | 1000  |
| Stocks**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 605   | 0    | 645   | 0    | 675   | 1000  |
| DIS         |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| TRIBUTION** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+

## Export Trade Matrix for Lentils

+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Turkey              |             |                   |             |
|                     |             |                   |             |
| Lentils             |             |                   |             |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Time Period         | Jan. - Dec. | Units:            | Metric Tons |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Exports for:        | 2004        |                   | **2005**    |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| U.S.                | 993         | U.S.              | 724         |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Others              |             | Others            |             |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Egypt               | 53927       | Iraq              | 52003       |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Iraq                | 24330       | Sudan             | 17612       |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Sri Lanka           | 17528       | Egypt             | 12418       |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Bangladesh          | 14444       | United Kingdom    | 7471        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Sudan               | 13283       | Sri Lanka         | 5841        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| United Kingdom      | 8912        | Germany           | 4182        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Saudi Arabia        | 6846        | Israel            | 3331        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Israel              | 5603        | Saudi Arabia      | 2455        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Eritrea             | 4501        | Italy             | 1714        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Germany             | 4486        | Eritrea           | 1309        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Total for Others    | 153860      |                   | 108336      |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Others not Listed   | 16332       |                   | 8540        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+
| Grand Total         | 171185      |                   | 117600      |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+-------------+

## Import Trade Matrix for Lentils

+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Turkey                |              |             |               |
|                       |              |             |               |
| Lentils               |              |             |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Time Period           | Jan. - Dec.  | Units:      | Metric Tons   |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Imports for:          | 2004         |             | **2005**      |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| U.S.                  |              | U.S.        | 119           |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Others                |              | Others      |               |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Canada                | 3591         | Canada      | 43203         |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Syria                 | 1719         | Syria       | 13990         |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Iraq                  | 100          | Iraq        | 4345          |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Israel                | 44           | Ethiopia    | 904           |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Switzerland           | 40           | India       | 579           |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Azerbaijan            | 21           | Sri Lanka   | 129           |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Germany               | 21           | Russia      | 123           |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Netherlands           | 20           | Italy       | 94            |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
|                       |              | Spain       | 81            |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
|                       |              | Argentina   | 69            |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Total for Others      | 5556         |             | 63517         |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Others not Listed     |              |             | 55            |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+
| Grand Total           | 5556         |             | 63691         |
+-----------------------+--------------+-------------+---------------+

## PSD Table for Chickpeas

+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| #####       |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| #### Turkey |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
|             |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| Garbanzos   |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
|             | **20 | *     | **20 | **    | **20 | **    | **    |
|             | 04** | *Revi | 05** | Estim | 06** | Forec | UOM** |
|             |      | sed** |      | ate** |      | ast** |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
|             | **US | **P   | **   | **P   | **   | **P   |       |
|             | DA** | ost** | USDA | ost** | USDA | ost** |       |
|             |      |       | Offi |       | Offi |       |       |
|             | **Of | **    | cial | **    | cial | **    |       |
|             | fici | Estim | \    | Estim | \    | Estim |       |
|             | al** | ate** | [Old | ate** | [Old | ate** |       |
|             |      |       | \]** |       | \]** |       |       |
|             | **\  | *     |      | *     |      | *     |       |
|             | [Old | *\[Ne |      | *\[Ne |      | *\[Ne |       |
|             | \]** | w\]** |      | w\]** |      | w\]** |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Market    |      | 01    |      | 01    |      | 01    | MM    |
| Year        |      | /2004 |      | /2005 |      | /2006 | /YYYY |
| Begin**     |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Area      | 0    | 610   | 0    | 600   | 0    | 630   | 1000  |
| Harvested** |      |       |      |       |      |       | HA    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Beginning | 0    | 20    | 0    | 45    | 0    | 30    | 1000  |
| Stocks**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **P         | 0    | 620   | 0    | 610   | 0    | 640   | 1000  |
| roduction** |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 1000  |
| Mkt. Yr.    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| Imports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jul-Jun   | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 1000  |
| Imports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jul-Jun   | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 1000  |
| Import      |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| U.S.**      |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 640   | 0    | 655   | 0    | 670   | 1000  |
| SUPPLY**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 135   | 0    | 125   | 0    | 140   | 1000  |
| Mkt. Yr.    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| Exports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Jul-Jun   | 0    | 120   | 0    | 125   | 0    | 140   | 1000  |
| Exports**   |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Feed Dom. | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 0    | 0     | 1000  |
| Co          |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| nsumption** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 460   | 0    | 500   | 0    | 490   | 1000  |
| Dom.        |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| Co          |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
| nsumption** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **Ending    | 0    | 45    | 0    | 30    | 0    | 40    | 1000  |
| Stocks**    |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+
| **TOTAL     | 0    | 640   | 0    | 655   | 0    | 670   | 1000  |
| DIS         |      |       |      |       |      |       | MT    |
| TRIBUTION** |      |       |      |       |      |       |       |
+-------------+------+-------+------+-------+------+-------+-------+

## Export Trade Matrix for Chickpeas

+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Turkey              |             |                   |              |
|                     |             |                   |              |
| Garbanzos           |             |                   |              |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Time Period         | Jan. - Dec. | Units:            | Metric Tons  |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Exports for:        | 2004        |                   | **2005**     |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| U.S.                | 1156        | U.S.              | 1568         |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Others              |             | Others            |              |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| India               | 18814       | India             | 16071        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Saudi Arabia        | 13115       | Saudi Arabia      | 12443        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Italy               | 12111       | Italy             | 11190        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Iraq                | 10096       | Jordan            | 8873         |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Sri Lanka           | 9670        | Sri Lanka         | 8262         |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Tunisia             | 9109        | Spain             | 8021         |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Algeria             | 6932        | Algeria           | 6759         |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Jordan              | 6237        | Israel            | 5320         |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Spain               | 4660        | United Kingdom    | 5169         |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Israel              | 4389        | Portugal          | 4589         |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Total for Others    | 95133       |                   | 86697        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Others not Listed   | 36784       |                   | 35095        |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+
| Grand Total         | 133073      |                   | 123360       |
+---------------------+-------------+-------------------+--------------+