DSSTox Field Definition File:

EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Toxicity Review Data
(IRISTR)

*(last updated 19 February 2008)*

**Description:** Information in this file is intended to provide a
minimum level of annotation to the DSSTox SDF (Structure Data Format)
file created for the EPA IRIS Toxicity Review Data (IRISTR) file
constructed from information extracted from the EPA IRIS Source website.
For further explanation of Source-specific fields, a user should consult
the Source website (<http://www.epa.gov/iris/>). Additional information
is provided on the DSSTox IRISTR SDF Download Page
<http://www.epa.gov/ncct/dsstox/sdf_iristr.html>. A number of
modifications in fields (and allowable entries) were made to the
original information extracted from the EPA IRIS Source website to
improve consistency in notations and facilitate use of the DSSTox SDF
files in relational searching applications. All modifications are
documented in the ***Comments*** section of the table below. Most of the
field definitions below were extracted from either the IRIS Glossary
(<http://www.epa.gov/iris/gloss8.htm>) or from Guidance Documents or
other reference materials on the IRIS Source Website. Wherever possible,
we refer the user to the relevant IRIS webpage.

Most of the IRISTR Source-Specific Fields were directly extracted from
the EPA IRIS Source Website in Oct 2006 using the "Multiple Substance
Report" page (left side-bar link on the IRIS Home page): all chemical
substances in the "Select Multiple Substances" window were selected; and
all 5 "types of data to compare", or toxicity review areas, were
selected (Oral RfDs, Inhalation RfCs, Weight of Evidence
Characterizations, Oral Slope Factors/Drinking Water Risks, Air Unit
Risks). Clicking on "Generate a Web Report" generated several html
tables, one corresponding to each toxicity review area, which were
subsequently transferred to a single Excel data table. These data
underwent extensive cleaning and modification to standardize, simplify,
and create more consistent text entries and notations. Changes included:
conversion of all quantitative information fields (Oral RfDs, Inhalation
RfCs, etc) to pure numeric form; conversion of mg unit fields to mmol
unit fields; addition of integer "count" fields for each toxicity review
assessment area (to enable quick counting and extraction of the subset
of substances evaluated in each of the 5 toxicity review areas);
elimination of abbreviations and footnotes; and some editing and
standardization of "Critical Effects" and "Precursor Effect/Tumor Type"
field entries to be more consistent throughout the file. The original
IRIS field (column header) names and any modifications to the original
IRIS field data are documented in the ***Comments*** column below.
Fields not obtained from this IRIS Web Report, but added by us to the
DSSTox file are explicitly noted. A table of IRIS toxicity review
categories and column headers, and corresponding DSSTox IRISTR fields is
also provided in the IRISTR_LogFile, available on the DSSTox IRISTR SDF
Download Page <http://www.epa.gov/ncct/dsstox/sdf_iristr.html>.

Description of ***DSSTox Standard Chemical Fields*** can be found in the
Central Field Definition Table located at:

<http://www.epa.gov/ncct/dsstox/CentralFieldDef.html>

The first section of the Table below lists the ***DSSTox Standard
Toxicity Fields*** employed for this database, followed by the ***IRISTR
Source-Specific Fields*** containing the toxicity assessment information
particular to IRISTR. The ***Field Type*** indicates the type of the
field, such as numeric, integer, defined text, memo, etc. All
***Units*** and ***Descriptions*** are extracted from Source reference
materials unless otherwise noted. ***Allowable Entries*** lists allowed
field entries occurring in IRISTR, separated by slashes for exclusive
entries (i.e., cannot occur with another entry) and semicolons or spaces
for non-exclusive entries (i.e., can occur with other values). These are
defined and explained in the ***Description*** section.

**Source Website:** <http://www.epa.gov/iris/>

**Source Contact:** For technical questions about the scientific
information content in IRIS, contact the US EPA Risk Information
Hotline: phone (202)566-1676; fax (202)566-1749; or email:
<hotline.iris@epa.gov>

**SDF Usage Notes:**

Each DSSTox SDF file contains a single **STRUCTURE** field. For each
chemical record, the **STRUCTURE** field entry directly corresponds to
the content of the **STRUCTURE\_\...** fields. The **STRUCTURE_Shown**
field documents the relationship between what is displayed in the
**STRUCTURE** field and the actual tested chemical substance, i.e.
**TestSubstance\_\...** fields, with the latter corresponding directly
to the toxicity data field entries. Commercial chemical relational
database (CRD) applications may automatically insert one or more
structure identifier fields upon import or export of an SDF file (e.g.,
Formula, FW or Mol_ID), fields that may augment or duplicate one or more
of the DSSTox Standard Chemical Fields. Users are cautioned that fields
containing null values in the first record of the SDF will be reordered
upon import into most applications; for this reason, the word "blank"
has been inserted into null fields in Record 1 of DSSTox SDF files and
can be deleted after SDF import. Users are additionally cautioned that
some fields (**STRUCTURE_SMILES** and **STRUCTURE_InChI**, in
particular) may exceed the 200 character limit specified in the MDL
CTFiles SDF standard (see
<http://www.epa.gov/ncct/dsstox/MoreonSDF.html>), and that some CRD
applications may insert a line break or truncate these fields upon SDF
import or export. Finally, CRD application-specific molecular header
information in the SDF file is deleted in the final DSSTox SDF files;
users running CRD applications requiring a unique molecule header upon
import of the SDF can specify either **DSSTox_RID** or the
**DSSTox_FileID** be used. Upon SDF import, **DSSTox_CID** can be used
to identify and manage chemical structure duplicates and
**DSSTox_Generic_SID** can be used to identify common Test Substances
across and within DSSTox files (similar to CASRN-substance, but
available for all DSSTox substances and further distinguishes among
different purity/grade substances).

*As an MS Word document, the following table is best viewed onscreen
using either Normal or Web Layout View in Landscape page orientation.*

+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **     | **  | * | ***All | # *Description*           | ##         |
| *Field | *Fi | * | owable |                           | *Comments* |
| N      | eld | * | Entr   |                           |            |
| ame*** | T   | U | ies*** |                           |            |
|        | ype | n |        |                           |            |
| *(no   | *** | i |        |                           |            |
| sp     |     | t |        |                           |            |
| aces)* |     | s |        |                           |            |
|        |     | * |        |                           |            |
|        |     | * |        |                           |            |
|        |     | * |        |                           |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
|        |     |   |        | ##### DSSTox              |            |
|        |     |   |        |  Standard Toxicity Fields |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **S    | d   |   | Human  | Field is used to label    | Field      |
| tudy** | efi |   | Health | all records in the        | names and  |
|        | ned |   | Ex     | database, generally with  | content    |
| **     | t   |   | posure | the same entry, and is    | are being  |
| Type** | ext |   | To     | designed to facilitate    | c          |
|        |     |   | xicity | record identification for | oordinated |
|        |     |   | Review | cross-database structure  | with the   |
|        |     |   | for    | searching. Field entry    | public     |
|        |     |   | Risk   | refers to the main type   | ToxML      |
|        |     |   | Asse   | of toxicity study for     | stand      |
|        |     |   | ssment | which data is represented | ardization |
|        |     |   |        | in the database.          | effort.    |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| # En   | d   |   | c      | Field is used to label    | Field      |
| dpoint | efi |   | ancer; | all records in the        | names and  |
|        | ned |   | acute; | database, generally with  | content    |
|        | t   |   | short  | the same entry, and is    | are being  |
|        | ext |   | -term; | designed to facilitate    | c          |
|        |     |   | sub-ch | record identification for | oordinated |
|        |     |   | ronic; | cross-database structure  | with the   |
|        |     |   | ch     | searching. Field entry    | public     |
|        |     |   | ronic; | refers to the type of     | ToxML      |
|        |     |   | d      | toxicity measure          | stand      |
|        |     |   | evelop | represented within the    | ardization |
|        |     |   | mental | database.                 | effort.    |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Spe  | d   |   | r      | Field is used to label    | Field      |
| cies** | efi |   | odent; | all records in the        | names and  |
|        | ned |   | human; | database, generally with  | content    |
|        | t   |   | dog;   | the same entry, and is    | are being  |
|        | ext |   | rabbit | designed to facilitate    | c          |
|        |     |   |        | record identification for | oordinated |
|        |     |   |        | cross-database structure  | with the   |
|        |     |   |        | searching. Field entry    | public     |
|        |     |   |        | refers to the species of  | ToxML      |
|        |     |   |        | animal(s) listed in the   | stand      |
|        |     |   |        | data record and used in   | ardization |
|        |     |   |        | the toxicity study or     | effort.    |
|        |     |   |        | studies.                  |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Study      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | species    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | varies     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | across     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | documents, |
|        |     |   |        |                           | with only  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | occasional |
|        |     |   |        |                           | mention of |
|        |     |   |        |                           | non-rodent |
|        |     |   |        |                           | test       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | species.   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Users      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | should     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | consult    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Summary    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | for study  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | details.   |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
|        |     |   |        | ##### IRIS                |            |
|        |     |   |        | TR Source-Specific Fields |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| *      | i   |   | 1/     | Value indicates whether   | Counter    |
| *Oral_ | nte |   |        | oral exposure Reference   | field      |
| RfD\_\ | ger |   | 0/     | Dose (RfD) was assessed   | added to   |
| Asse   |     |   |        | (1) or not (0) for this   | DSSTox     |
| ssed** |     |   |        | substance. See            | file.      |
|        |     |   |        | *                         |            |
|        |     |   |        | *Oral_RfD_mg_per_kg_day** | C          |
|        |     |   |        | for definition of oral    | orresponds |
|        |     |   |        | reference dose.           | to content |
|        |     |   |        |                           | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Report     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | search     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | results    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | category:  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Oral      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | RfDs".     |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Or   | t   |   | ab     | Critical Effects are      | No         |
| al_RfD | ext |   | normal | defined as the first      | standard   |
| _Criti |     |   | blood  | adverse effect, or its    | vocabulary |
| calEff |     |   | pi     | known precursor, that     | or         |
| ects** |     |   | gment; | occurs to the most        | ontology   |
|        |     |   |        | sensitive species as the  | was used   |
|        |     |   | ar     | dose rate of an agent     | here.      |
|        |     |   | gyria; | increases. Listed here    | However,   |
|        |     |   |        | are critical effects      | original   |
|        |     |   | a      | pertaining to oral        | IRIS       |
|        |     |   | taxia; | exposures that are used   | entries    |
|        |     |   |        | to compute oral reference | were       |
|        |     |   | at     | doses (RfD) for the       | modified   |
|        |     |   | rophy; | substance. Refer to the   | in some    |
|        |     |   |        | IRIS Summary for more     | cases to   |
|        |     |   | auto   | details on a particular   | adopt      |
|        |     |   | immune | chemical assessment (can  | consistent |
|        |     |   | ef     | be accessed from the      | notation   |
|        |     |   | fects; | QuickView                 | throughout |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | this data  |
|        |     |   | blood  |                           | file, e.g. |
|        |     |   | pr     | If no critical effects    | "reduced   |
|        |     |   | essure | are reported, entry is    | body       |
|        |     |   | ch     | either:                   | weight"    |
|        |     |   | anges; |                           | was        |
|        |     |   |        | \"Information reviewed    | changed to |
|        |     |   | body   | but value not estimated;  | "decreased |
|        |     |   | weight | refer to IRIS Summary.\"  | body       |
|        |     |   | ch     | or                        | weight" in |
|        |     |   | anges; |                           | all cases. |
|        |     |   |        | \"Not assessed under the  | Future     |
|        |     |   | ca     | IRIS program."            | versions   |
|        |     |   | taract |                           | may        |
|        |     |   | form   |                           | attempt to |
|        |     |   | ation; |                           | reconcile  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | field      |
|        |     |   | ch     |                           | entries    |
|        |     |   | olines |                           | with ToxML |
|        |     |   | terase |                           | standard   |
|        |     |   | (ChE)  |                           | te         |
|        |     |   | inhib  |                           | rminology. |
|        |     |   | ition; |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           | C          |
|        |     |   | dec    |                           | orresponds |
|        |     |   | reased |                           | to content |
|        |     |   | body   |                           | under IRIS |
|        |     |   | w      |                           | Multiple   |
|        |     |   | eight; |                           | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Report     |
|        |     |   | degene |                           | search     |
|        |     |   | ration |                           | results    |
|        |     |   | kidney |                           | category:  |
|        |     |   | tu     |                           | "Oral      |
|        |     |   | bules; |                           | RfDs".     |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | d      |                           | Original   |
|        |     |   | elayed |                           | IRIS       |
|        |     |   | ne     |                           | column     |
|        |     |   | urotox |                           | header:    |
|        |     |   | icity; |                           | "Critical  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Effects".  |
|        |     |   | liver  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | cell   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | ch     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | anges- |                           |            |
|        |     |   | f      |                           |            |
|        |     |   | emales |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | liver  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | his    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | topath |                           |            |
|        |     |   | ology; |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | ...    |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | Infor  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | mation |                           |            |
|        |     |   | re     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | viewed |                           |            |
|        |     |   | but    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | value  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | not    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | esti   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | mated; |                           |            |
|        |     |   | refer  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | to     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | IRIS   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | Sum    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | mary./ |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | Not    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | as     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | sessed |                           |            |
|        |     |   | under  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | the    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | IRIS   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | pro    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | gram./ |                           |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **     | n   | m | #/     | Oral Reference Dose (RfD) | Original   |
| Oral_R | ume | g |        | is based on the           | IRIS       |
| fD_mg_ | ric | / | *      | assumption that           | values     |
| per_kg |     | k | blank* | thresholds exist for      | converted  |
| _day** |     | g |        | certain toxic effects     | to pure    |
|        |     | - |        | such as cellular          | numeric    |
|        |     | b |        | necrosis. It is based on  | form for a |
|        |     | w |        | oral exposure and         | single     |
|        |     | / |        | expressed in units of     | reported   |
|        |     | d |        | mg/kg-day. It is an       | oral RfD.  |
|        |     | a |        | estimate (with            |            |
|        |     | y |        | uncertainty spanning      | In a few   |
|        |     |   |        | perhaps an order of       | instances, |
|        |     |   |        | magnitude) of a daily     | multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | oral exposure to the      | reported   |
|        |     |   |        | human population          | values of  |
|        |     |   |        | (including sensitive      | the oral   |
|        |     |   |        | subgroups) that is likely | RfD for a  |
|        |     |   |        | to be without an          | single     |
|        |     |   |        | appreciable risk of       | substance  |
|        |     |   |        | deleterious effects       | or         |
|        |     |   |        | during a lifetime. It can | footnotes  |
|        |     |   |        | be derived from a NOAEL   | have been  |
|        |     |   |        | (no observed adverse      | in         |
|        |     |   |        | effect level), LOAEL      | corporated |
|        |     |   |        | (lowest observed adverse  | into the   |
|        |     |   |        | effect level), or         | field      |
|        |     |   |        | benchmark dose (BMD),     | **Oral_Rf  |
|        |     |   |        | with uncertainty factors  | D_Notes**. |
|        |     |   |        | generally applied to      |            |
|        |     |   |        | reflect limitations of    | C          |
|        |     |   |        | the data used. Generally  | orresponds |
|        |     |   |        | used in EPA\'s noncancer  | to content |
|        |     |   |        | health assessments.       | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        | \[Durations include       | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | acute, short-term,        | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        | subchronic, and chronic   | Report     |
|        |     |   |        | and are defined           | search     |
|        |     |   |        | individually in the IRIS  | results    |
|        |     |   |        | glossary at               | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | <http://www.ep            | "Oral      |
|        |     |   |        | a.gov/iris/gloss8.htm>\]. | RfDs".     |
|        |     |   |        | Dose units are            |            |
|        |     |   |        | mg/kg-(body weight) per   | Original   |
|        |     |   |        | day. For more             | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | information, see          | column     |
|        |     |   |        | <http://w                 | header:    |
|        |     |   |        | ww.epa.gov/iris/rfd.htm>. | "Oral      |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary | RfD".      |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     |            |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       |            |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        |            |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         |            |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 |            |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        | "blank" or null entry     |            |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no value        |            |
|        |     |   |        | computed.                 |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Or   | n   | m | *#/*   | *                         | Field      |
| al_RfD | ume | m |        | *Oral_RfD_mg_per_kg_day** | added to   |
| _mmol_ | ric | o | *      | value converted to molar  | DSSTox     |
| per_kg |     | l | blank* | units in cases where test | file.      |
| _day** |     | / |        | substance is not a        |            |
|        |     | k |        | mixture of different      | Molar      |
|        |     | g |        | molecular weight          | values are |
|        |     | - |        | substances, based on      | more       |
|        |     | b |        | formula:                  | a          |
|        |     | w |        | **Oral_                   | ppropriate |
|        |     | / |        | RfD_mg_per_kg_day**/**STR | for        |
|        |     | d |        | UCTURE_MolecularWeight**; | molecule   |
|        |     | a |        | molar units should be     | to         |
|        |     | y |        | used for any              | molecule   |
|        |     |   |        | structure-activity        | activity   |
|        |     |   |        | relationship comparisons. | co         |
|        |     |   |        |                           | mparisons, |
|        |     |   |        | "blank" or null entry     | such as in |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no oral RfD     | structur   |
|        |     |   |        | value computed or         | e-activity |
|        |     |   |        | substance is a mixture    | rela       |
|        |     |   |        | not suitable for molar    | tionships. |
|        |     |   |        | unit conversion.          |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Oral | m   |   | *      | Point of Departure is the | C          |
| _RfD_N | emo |   | Text/* | dose-response point that  | orresponds |
| otes** |     |   |        | marks the beginning of a  | to content |
|        |     |   | *      | low-dose extrapolation.   | under IRIS |
|        |     |   | blank* | This point can be the     | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | lower bound on dose for   | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        | an estimated incidence or | Report     |
|        |     |   |        | a change in response      | search     |
|        |     |   |        | level from a              | results    |
|        |     |   |        | dose-response model       | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | (BMD - Benchmark dose),   | "Oral      |
|        |     |   |        | or a NOAEL (no observed   | RfDs".     |
|        |     |   |        | adverse effect level) or  |            |
|        |     |   |        | LOAEL (lowest observed    | Original   |
|        |     |   |        | adverse effect level) for | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | an observed incidence, or | column     |
|        |     |   |        | change in level of        | header:    |
|        |     |   |        | response. Field also      | "Point of  |
|        |     |   |        | includes details in cases | Depa       |
|        |     |   |        | where multiple Oral RfDs  | rture(s)". |
|        |     |   |        | are reported. For more    |            |
|        |     |   |        | information, see          | Footnotes  |
|        |     |   |        | <http://w                 | or         |
|        |     |   |        | ww.epa.gov/iris/rfd.htm>. | multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary | Oral RfDs  |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     | from the   |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       | IRIS "Oral |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        | RfD"       |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         | column     |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | were also  |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | moved to   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | this text  |
|        |     |   |        | "blank" or null entry     | Note       |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no oral RfD     | field.     |
|        |     |   |        | value computed.           | Abb        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | reviations |
|        |     |   |        |                           | are        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | expanded   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | in DSSTox  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | field      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | entries.   |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **O    | d   |   | High/  | Confidence in Oral RfD is | C          |
| ral_Rf | efi |   |        | based on several factors, | orresponds |
| D_Conf | ned |   | Mediu  | including availability of | to content |
| idence | t   |   | m-High | epidemiology and other    | under IRIS |
|     ** | ext |   |        | supporting data, quality  | Multiple   |
|        |     |   | M      | of studies, magnitude of  | Substance  |
|        |     |   | edium/ | effect, etc. For more     | Report     |
|        |     |   |        | information, see          | search     |
|        |     |   | Low-M  | <http://w                 | results    |
|        |     |   | edium/ | ww.epa.gov/iris/rfd.htm>. | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary | "Oral      |
|        |     |   | Low/   | for more details on a     | RfDs".     |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       |            |
|        |     |   | *      | assessment (can be        | Original   |
|        |     |   | blan*k | accessed from the         | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | column     |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | header:    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Overall   |
|        |     |   |        | "blank" or null entry     | Co         |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no oral RfD     | nfidence". |
|        |     |   |        | value computed.           |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **I    | i   |   | #      | Value indicates whether   | Counter    |
| nhalat | nte |   | ### 1/ | inhalation exposure       | field      |
| ion_Rf | ger |   |        | Reference Dose was        | added to   |
| C_Asse |     |   | 0/     | assessed (1) or not (0)   | DSSTox     |
| ssed** |     |   |        | for this substance. See   | file.      |
|        |     |   |        | **I                       |            |
|        |     |   |        | nhalation_RfC_mg_per_m3** | C          |
|        |     |   |        | for definition of         | orresponds |
|        |     |   |        | inhalation reference      | to content |
|        |     |   |        | dose.                     | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Report     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | search     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | results    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | category:  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "          |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Inhalation |
|        |     |   |        |                           | RfCs".     |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **In   | t   |   | a      | Critical Effects are      | No         |
| halati | ext |   | ltered | defined as the first      | standard   |
| on_RfC |     |   | nasal  | adverse effect, or its    | vocabulary |
| _Criti |     |   | turbi  | known precursor, that     | or         |
| calEff |     |   | nates; | occurs to the most        | ontology   |
| ects** |     |   |        | sensitive species as the  | was used   |
|        |     |   | a      | dose rate of an agent     | here.      |
|        |     |   | ltered | increases. Listed here    | However,   |
|        |     |   | red    | are critical effects      | original   |
|        |     |   | blood  | pertaining to inhalation  | IRIS       |
|        |     |   | cell   | exposures that are used   | entries    |
|        |     |   | (RBC)  | to compute inhalation     | were       |
|        |     |   | count; | reference concentrations  | modified   |
|        |     |   |        | (RfC) for the substance.  | in some    |
|        |     |   | ber    | Refer to the IRIS Summary | cases to   |
|        |     |   | yllium | for more details on a     | adopt      |
|        |     |   | se     | particular chemical       | consistent |
|        |     |   | nsitiz | assessment (can be        | notation   |
|        |     |   | ation; | accessed from the         | throughout |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | this data  |
|        |     |   | bronc  | **Website_URL**).         | file, e.g. |
|        |     |   | hiolar |                           | "reduced   |
|        |     |   | fib    | If no critical effects    | body       |
|        |     |   | rosis; | are reported, entry is    | weight"    |
|        |     |   |        | either:                   | was        |
|        |     |   | cere   |                           | changed to |
|        |     |   | bellar | \"Information reviewed    | "decreased |
|        |     |   | le     | but value not estimated;  | body       |
|        |     |   | sions; | refer to IRIS Summary.\"  | weight" in |
|        |     |   |        | or                        | all cases. |
|        |     |   | ch     |                           | Future     |
|        |     |   | olines | \"Not assessed under the  | versions   |
|        |     |   | terase | IRIS program."            | may        |
|        |     |   | (ChE)  |                           | attempt to |
|        |     |   | inhi   |                           | reconcile  |
|        |     |   | bition |                           | field      |
|        |     |   | brain; |                           | entries    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | with ToxML |
|        |     |   | c      |                           | standard   |
|        |     |   | hronic |                           | te         |
|        |     |   | lung   |                           | rminology. |
|        |     |   | fu     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | nction |                           | C          |
|        |     |   | de     |                           | orresponds |
|        |     |   | cline; |                           | to content |
|        |     |   |        |                           | under IRIS |
|        |     |   | CNS    |                           | Multiple   |
|        |     |   | ef     |                           | Substance  |
|        |     |   | fects; |                           | Report     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | search     |
|        |     |   | ...    |                           | results    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | category:  |
|        |     |   | Infor  |                           | "          |
|        |     |   | mation |                           | Inhalation |
|        |     |   | re     |                           | RfCs".     |
|        |     |   | viewed |                           |            |
|        |     |   | but    |                           | Original   |
|        |     |   | value  |                           | IRIS       |
|        |     |   | not    |                           | column     |
|        |     |   | esti   |                           | header:    |
|        |     |   | mated; |                           | "Critical  |
|        |     |   | refer  |                           | Effects".  |
|        |     |   | to     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | IRIS   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | Sum    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | mary./ |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | Not    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | as     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | sessed |                           |            |
|        |     |   | under  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | the    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | IRIS   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | pro    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | gram./ |                           |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **In   | n   | m | *#/*   | Inhalation Reference      | Original   |
| halati | ume | g |        | Concentration (RfC) is    | IRIS       |
| on_RfC | ric | / | *      | based on the assumption   | values     |
| _mg_pe |     | m | blank* | that thresholds exist for | converted  |
| r_m3** |     | 3 |        | certain toxic effects     | to pure    |
|        |     |   | ####   | such as cellular          | numeric    |
|        |     |   |        | necrosis. It is based on  | form for a |
|        |     |   |        | inhalation exposure and   | single     |
|        |     |   |        | expressed in units of     | reported   |
|        |     |   |        | mg/m3 air volume. It is   | inhalation |
|        |     |   |        | an estimate (with         | RfC.       |
|        |     |   |        | uncertainty spanning      |            |
|        |     |   |        | perhaps an order of       | In a few   |
|        |     |   |        | magnitude) of a           | instances, |
|        |     |   |        | continuous inhalation     | multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | exposure to the human     | reported   |
|        |     |   |        | population (including     | values of  |
|        |     |   |        | sensitive subgroups) that | the        |
|        |     |   |        | is likely to be without   | inhalation |
|        |     |   |        | an appreciable risk of    | RfC for a  |
|        |     |   |        | deleterious effects       | single     |
|        |     |   |        | during a lifetime. It can | substance  |
|        |     |   |        | be derived from a NOAEL   | or         |
|        |     |   |        | (no observed adverse      | footnotes  |
|        |     |   |        | effect level), LOAEL      | have been  |
|        |     |   |        | (lowest observed adverse  | in         |
|        |     |   |        | effect level), or         | corporated |
|        |     |   |        | benchmark concentration   | into the   |
|        |     |   |        | (BMC), with uncertainty   | field      |
|        |     |   |        | factors generally applied | **Inh      |
|        |     |   |        | to reflect limitations of | alation_Rf |
|        |     |   |        | the data used. Generally  | C_Notes**. |
|        |     |   |        | used in EPA\'s noncancer  |            |
|        |     |   |        | health assessments.       | C          |
|        |     |   |        | \[Durations include       | orresponds |
|        |     |   |        | acute, short-term,        | to content |
|        |     |   |        | subchronic, and chronic   | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        | and are defined           | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | individually in the IRIS  | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        | glossary at               | Report     |
|        |     |   |        | http://ww                 | search     |
|        |     |   |        | w.epa.gov/iris/gloss8.htm | results    |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     | "          |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       | Inhalation |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        | RfCs".     |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         |            |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | Original   |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | column     |
|        |     |   |        | "blank" or null entry     | header:    |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no inhalation   | "          |
|        |     |   |        | RfC value computed.       | Inhalation |
|        |     |   |        |                           | RfC".      |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Inha | n   | m | *#/*   | **I                       | Field      |
| lation | ume | m |        | nhalation_RfC_mg_per_m3** | added to   |
| _RfC_m | ric | o | *      | value converted to molar  | DSSTox     |
| mol_pe |     | l | blank* | units in cases where test | file.      |
| r_m3** |     | / |        | substance is not a        |            |
|        |     | m |        | mixture of different      | Molar      |
|        |     | 3 |        | molecular weight          | values are |
|        |     |   |        | substances, based on      | more       |
|        |     |   |        | formula:                  | a          |
|        |     |   |        | **Inhalat                 | ppropriate |
|        |     |   |        | ion_RfC_mg_per_m3**/**STR | for        |
|        |     |   |        | UCTURE_MolecularWeight**; | molecule   |
|        |     |   |        | molar units should be     | to         |
|        |     |   |        | used for any              | molecule   |
|        |     |   |        | structure-activity        | activity   |
|        |     |   |        | relationship comparisons. | co         |
|        |     |   |        |                           | mparisons, |
|        |     |   |        | "blank" or null entry     | such as in |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no inhalation   | structur   |
|        |     |   |        | RfC value computed or     | e-activity |
|        |     |   |        | substance is a mixture    | rela       |
|        |     |   |        | not suitable for molar    | tionships. |
|        |     |   |        | unit conversion.          |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Inha | m   |   | *Text* | Point of Departure is the | C          |
| lation | emo |   |        | dose-response point that  | orresponds |
| _RfC_N |     |   |        | marks the beginning of a  | to content |
| otes** |     |   |        | low-dose extrapolation.   | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        | This point can be the     | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | lower bound on dose for   | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        | an estimated incidence or | Report     |
|        |     |   |        | a change in response      | search     |
|        |     |   |        | level from a              | results    |
|        |     |   |        | dose-response model       | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | (BMD - Benchmark dose),   | "          |
|        |     |   |        | or a NOAEL (no observed   | Inhalation |
|        |     |   |        | adverse effect level) or  | RfCs".     |
|        |     |   |        | LOAEL (lowest observed    |            |
|        |     |   |        | adverse effect level) for | Original   |
|        |     |   |        | an observed incidence, or | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | change in level of        | column     |
|        |     |   |        | response. For more        | header:    |
|        |     |   |        | information, see          | "Point of  |
|        |     |   |        | <http://w                 | Depa       |
|        |     |   |        | ww.epa.gov/iris/rfd.htm>. | rture(s)". |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary |            |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     | Footnotes  |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       | or         |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        | multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         | Inhalation |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | RfCs from  |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | the IRIS   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "          |
|        |     |   |        | "blank" or null entry     | Inhalation |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no inhalation   | RfC"       |
|        |     |   |        | RfC value computed.       | column     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | were also  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | moved to   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | this text  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Note       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | field.     |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Abb        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | reviations |
|        |     |   |        |                           | are        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | expanded   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | in DSSTox  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | field      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | entries.   |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **I    | d   |   | High/  | Confidence in Inhalation  | C          |
| nhalat | efi |   |        | RfC is based on several   | orresponds |
| ion_Rf | ned |   | Mediu  | factors, including        | to content |
| C_Conf | t   |   | m-High | availability of           | under IRIS |
| idence | ext |   |        | epidemiology and other    | Multiple   |
|     ** |     |   | M      | supporting data, quality  | Substance  |
|        |     |   | edium/ | of studies, magnitude of  | Report     |
|        |     |   |        | effect, etc. For more     | search     |
|        |     |   | Low-M  | information, see          | results    |
|        |     |   | edium/ | <http://w                 | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | ww.epa.gov/iris/rfd.htm>. | "          |
|        |     |   | Low/   | Refer to the IRIS Summary | Inhalation |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     | RfCs".     |
|        |     |   | *      | particular chemical       |            |
|        |     |   | blank* | assessment (can be        | Original   |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | column     |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | header:    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Overall   |
|        |     |   |        | "blank" or null entry     | Co         |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no inhalation   | nfidence". |
|        |     |   |        | RfC value computed.       |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **     | i   |   | \#     | Value indicates whether   | Counter    |
| WtOfEv | nte |   |        | Weight of Evidence for    | field      |
| idence | ger |   |        | Carcinogenicity was       | added to   |
| _Cance |     |   |        | assessed (1) or not (0)   | DSSTox     |
| r_Asse |     |   |        | for this substance. See   | file.      |
| ssed** |     |   |        | **WtOfEv                  |            |
|        |     |   |        | idence_Cancer_Narrative** | C          |
|        |     |   |        | for description of        | orresponds |
|        |     |   |        | approach.                 | to content |
|        |     |   |        |                           | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Report     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | search     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | results    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | category:  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Weight of |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Evidence   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Character  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | izations". |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| *      | d   |   | High/  | Weight-of-Evidence (WOE)  | C          |
| *WtOfE | efi |   |        | for carcinogenicity       | orresponds |
| videnc | ned |   | Mediu  | Concern Level is assigned | to content |
| e_Canc | t   |   | m-High | based on the type and     | under IRIS |
| er_Con | ext |   |        | sufficiency of evidence   | Multiple   |
| cern** |     |   | M      | available for human risk  | Substance  |
|        |     |   | edium/ | and takes one of the      | Report     |
|        |     |   |        | following values: High,   | search     |
|        |     |   | Low-M  | Medium-High, Medium,      | results    |
|        |     |   | edium/ | Low-Medium, Low,          | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | Inadequate evidence. See  | "Weight of |
|        |     |   | Low/   | **WtOfEv                  | Evidence   |
|        |     |   |        | idence_Cancer_Narrative** | Character  |
|        |     |   | Inad   | for description of        | izations". |
|        |     |   | equate | approach and pgs 19-21 of |            |
|        |     |   | evi    | <http://w                 | Field      |
|        |     |   | dence/ | ww.epa.gov/ncea/raf/car2s | added to   |
|        |     |   |        | ab/guidelines_1986.pdf>). | DSSTox     |
|        |     |   | *      | Refer to the IRIS Summary | file based |
|        |     |   | blank* | for more details on a     | on level   |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       | of concern |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        | table      |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         | provided   |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | in Cancer  |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | Guidelines |
|        |     |   |        |                           | cor        |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   | responding |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no assessment   | to the     |
|        |     |   |        | performed.                | Guideline  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Categories |
|        |     |   |        |                           | (A-D).     |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Wt   | d   |   | A;     | Based on the EPA\' 1986   | C          |
| OfEvid | efi |   | Human  | Cancer Risk Assessment    | orresponds |
| ence_1 | ned |   | Carci  | Guidelines, the Weight of | to content |
| 986Gui | t   |   | nogen/ | Evidence determination    | under IRIS |
| deline | ext |   |        | assigns the substance to  | Multiple   |
| Catego |     |   | B1;    | one of the following      | Substance  |
| ries** |     |   | Pr     | categories:               | Report     |
|        |     |   | obable |                           | search     |
|        |     |   | human  | > Group A - Human         | results    |
|        |     |   | carcin | > Carcinogen;             | category:  |
|        |     |   | ogen - | >                         | "Weight of |
|        |     |   | based  | > Group B1 - Probable     | Evidence   |
|        |     |   | on     | > human carcinogen based  | Character  |
|        |     |   | l      | > on limited evidence of  | izations". |
|        |     |   | imited | > carcinogenicity in      |            |
|        |     |   | ev     | > humans;                 | Original   |
|        |     |   | idence | >                         | IRIS       |
|        |     |   | of     | > Group B2 - Probable     | column     |
|        |     |   | car    | > human carcinogen based  | header:    |
|        |     |   | cinoge | > on sufficient evidence  | "WOE 86    |
|        |     |   | nicity | > of carcinogenicity in   | Gu         |
|        |     |   | in     | > animals;                | idelines". |
|        |     |   | h      | >                         |            |
|        |     |   | umans/ | > Group C - Possible      | Abb        |
|        |     |   |        | > human carcinogen;       | reviations |
|        |     |   | B2;    | >                         | for        |
|        |     |   | Pr     | > Group D - Not           | Guideline  |
|        |     |   | obable | > classifiable as to      | Categories |
|        |     |   | human  | > human carcinogenicity;  | (A-D) are  |
|        |     |   | carcin | >                         | expanded   |
|        |     |   | ogen - | > Group E - Evidence of   | in DSSTox  |
|        |     |   | based  | > non-carcinogenicity for | field      |
|        |     |   | on     | > humans;                 | entries.   |
|        |     |   | suff   | >                         |            |
|        |     |   | icient | > Information reviewed    |            |
|        |     |   | ev     | > but value not           |            |
|        |     |   | idence | > estimated - refer to    |            |
|        |     |   | of     | > IRIS Summary;           |            |
|        |     |   | car    | >                         |            |
|        |     |   | cinoge | > Not applicable - this   |            |
|        |     |   | nicity | > substance was not       |            |
|        |     |   | in     | > assessed using the 1986 |            |
|        |     |   | an     | > cancer guidelines (US   |            |
|        |     |   | imals/ | > EPA 1986);              |            |
|        |     |   |        | >                         |            |
|        |     |   | C;     | > Not assessed under the  |            |
|        |     |   | Po     | > IRIS program.           |            |
|        |     |   | ssible |                           |            |
|        |     |   | human  | Note: The majority of     |            |
|        |     |   | carci  | IRIS Cancer Risk          |            |
|        |     |   | nogen/ | assessments are based on  |            |
|        |     |   |        | the 1986 guidelines.      |            |
|        |     |   | D; Not | However, updates to these |            |
|        |     |   | classi | guidelines were published |            |
|        |     |   | fiable | in 1996, 1999 and 2005    |            |
|        |     |   | as to  | (see                      |            |
|        |     |   | human  | <http://www.epa           |            |
|        |     |   | carc   | .gov/iris/backgr-d.htm>), |            |
|        |     |   | inogen | and superseded the        |            |
|        |     |   | icity/ | earlier 1986 guidelines.  |            |
|        |     |   |        | Current IRIS assessments  |            |
|        |     |   | E;     | use the 2005 Guidelines   |            |
|        |     |   | Ev     | for Carcinogen            |            |
|        |     |   | idence | Assessment:               |            |
|        |     |   | of     | <http://cfp               |            |
|        |     |   | n      | ub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recor |            |
|        |     |   | on-car | display.cfm?deid=116283>) |            |
|        |     |   | cinoge |                           |            |
|        |     |   | nicity | with revised categories:  |            |
|        |     |   | for    | "Carcinogenic to Humans", |            |
|        |     |   | h      | "Likely to be             |            |
|        |     |   | umans/ | Carcinogenic to Humans",  |            |
|        |     |   |        | "Suggestive Evidence of   |            |
|        |     |   | Infor  | Carcinogenic Potential",  |            |
|        |     |   | mation | "Inadequate Information   |            |
|        |     |   | re     | to Assess Carcinogenic    |            |
|        |     |   | viewed | Potential", "Not Likely   |            |
|        |     |   | but    | to be Carcinogenic to     |            |
|        |     |   | value  | Humans". Revised or       |            |
|        |     |   | not    | updated guidelines and    |            |
|        |     |   | estim  | cancer risk               |            |
|        |     |   | ated - | characterizations, if     |            |
|        |     |   | refer  | applicable, are provided  |            |
|        |     |   | to     | in the field              |            |
|        |     |   | IRIS   | "**WtOfEvid               |            |
|        |     |   | Sum    | ence_Cancer_Narrative**". |            |
|        |     |   | mary./ |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | Not    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | as     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | sessed |                           |            |
|        |     |   | under  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | the    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | IRIS   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | pro    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | gram./ |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | Not    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | appli  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | cable. |                           |            |
|        |     |   | This   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | sub    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | stance |                           |            |
|        |     |   | was    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | not    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | as     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | sessed |                           |            |
|        |     |   | using  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | the    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | 1986   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | cancer |                           |            |
|        |     |   | guid   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | elines |                           |            |
|        |     |   | (US    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | EPA    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | 1      |                           |            |
|        |     |   | 986)./ |                           |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| *      | d   |   | U      | Field entry indicates     | Field      |
| *WtOfE | efi |   | pdated | when updated (newer than  | added to   |
| videnc | ned |   | US EPA | 1986) EPA Guidelines were | DSSTox     |
| e_Upda | t   |   | \      | used in the Weight of     | file to    |
| tedGui | ext |   | [1996, | Evidence determination    | inform     |
| deline |     |   | 1999,  | for cancer. Entry makes   | users of   |
| Used** |     |   | or     | reference to 1996, 1999,  | instances  |
|        |     |   | 2005\] | or 2005 updated EPA       | of where   |
|        |     |   | Guid   | Guidelines, with          | updated    |
|        |     |   | elines | additional details        | EPA        |
|        |     |   | used;  | provided in the           | Guidelines |
|        |     |   | see    | **WtOfEv                  | newer than |
|        |     |   | WtOfEv | idence_Cancer_Narrative** | 1986 usage |
|        |     |   | idence | field.                    | in IRIS    |
|        |     |   | _Cance |                           | as         |
|        |     |   | r_Narr | "blank" or null entry     | sessments. |
|        |     |   | ative. | indicates no updated      |            |
|        |     |   |        | Guidelines were used.     |            |
|        |     |   | *      |                           |            |
|        |     |   | blank* |                           |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **W    | m   |   | *      | Weight-of-Evidence (WOE)  | C          |
| tOfEvi | emo |   | Text/* | for Carcinogenicity is a  | orresponds |
| dence_ |     |   |        | system used by the U.S.   | to content |
| Cancer |     |   | *      | EPA for characterizing    | under IRIS |
| _Narra |     |   | blank* | the extent to which the   | Multiple   |
| tive** |     |   |        | available data support    | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        | the hypothesis that an    | Report     |
|        |     |   |        | agent causes cancer in    | search     |
|        |     |   |        | humans. Under EPA\'s 1986 | results    |
|        |     |   |        | risk assessment           | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | guidelines the WOE was    | "Weight of |
|        |     |   |        | described by categories   | Evidence   |
|        |     |   |        | \"A through E\", Group A  | Character  |
|        |     |   |        | for known human           | izations". |
|        |     |   |        | carcinogens through Group |            |
|        |     |   |        | E for agents with         | Original   |
|        |     |   |        | evidence of               | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | noncarcinogenicity (see   | column     |
|        |     |   |        | WtOfEvidence              | header:    |
|        |     |   |        | _1986GuidelineCategories, | "WOE 86    |
|        |     |   |        | and                       | N          |
|        |     |   |        | <http://w                 | arrative". |
|        |     |   |        | ww.epa.gov/ncea/raf/car2s |            |
|        |     |   |        | ab/guidelines_1986.pdf>). |            |
|        |     |   |        | Revised guidelines        |            |
|        |     |   |        | published in 1996, 1999,  |            |
|        |     |   |        | and 2005 have modified    |            |
|        |     |   |        | these cancer risk         |            |
|        |     |   |        | characterizations. The    |            |
|        |     |   |        | approach outlined in      |            |
|        |     |   |        | EPA\'s guidelines for     |            |
|        |     |   |        | carcinogen risk           |            |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (2005)         |            |
|        |     |   |        | considers all scientific  |            |
|        |     |   |        | information in            |            |
|        |     |   |        | determining whether and   |            |
|        |     |   |        | under what conditions an  |            |
|        |     |   |        | agent may cause cancer in |            |
|        |     |   |        | humans, and provides a    |            |
|        |     |   |        | narrative approach to     |            |
|        |     |   |        | characterize              |            |
|        |     |   |        | carcinogenicity rather    |            |
|        |     |   |        | than categories. Five     |            |
|        |     |   |        | standard                  |            |
|        |     |   |        | weight-of-evidence        |            |
|        |     |   |        | descriptors are used as   |            |
|        |     |   |        | part of the narrative and |            |
|        |     |   |        | overall Concern Level is  |            |
|        |     |   |        | indicated based on all    |            |
|        |     |   |        | considered information    |            |
|        |     |   |        | (see                      |            |
|        |     |   |        | **WtOfEv                  |            |
|        |     |   |        | idence_Cancer_Concern**). |            |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary |            |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     |            |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       |            |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        |            |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         |            |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 |            |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   |            |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no assessment   |            |
|        |     |   |        | performed.                |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Drin | i   |   | *#/*   | Value indicates whether   | Counter    |
| kingWa | nte |   |        | drinking water oral       | field      |
| ter_Or | ger |   |        | exposure Slope Factor was | added to   |
| alSlop |     |   |        | assessed (1) or not (0)   | DSSTox     |
| e_Asse |     |   |        | for this substance. See   | file.      |
| ssed** |     |   |        | **DrinkingWater_OralSl    |            |
|        |     |   |        | opeFactor_mg_per_kg_day** | C          |
|        |     |   |        | for definition of         | orresponds |
|        |     |   |        | drinking water Oral Slope | to content |
|        |     |   |        | Factor.                   | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Substance. |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Report     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | search     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | results    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | category:  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Oral      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Slope      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Factor     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | s/Drinking |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Water Unit |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Risks".    |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| *      | t   |   | #      | Listing of the            | No         |
| *Drink | ext |   | ### ab | pre-carcinogenic cellular | standard   |
| ingWat |     |   | domina | abnormality and/or tumor  | vocabulary |
| er_Pre |     |   | l cavi | type that factor into the | or         |
| cursor |     |   | ty sar | determination of the Oral | ontology   |
| Effect |     |   | comas; | Slope Factor and Unit     | was used   |
| _Tumor |     |   |        | Risk. Precursor effects   | here.      |
| Type** |     |   | ###    | in specified              | However,   |
|        |     |   | # brai | organ/tissues include,    | original   |
|        |     |   | n and  | e.g., adenomas,           | IRIS       |
|        |     |   | spinal | neoplastic nodules,       | entries    |
|        |     |   |  cord  | carcinomas, astrocytomas, | were       |
|        |     |   | astroc | papillomas. Tumors are    | modified   |
|        |     |   | ytomas | indicated by listing of   | in some    |
|        |     |   | ; Zymb | organ or tissue without   | cases to   |
|        |     |   | al gla | additional qualifiers,    | adopt      |
|        |     |   | nd car | e.g., bladder, liver,     | consistent |
|        |     |   | cinoma | kidney, etc. For more     | notation   |
|        |     |   | s; sto | information, see:         | throughout |
|        |     |   | mach p | <http://www.e             | this data  |
|        |     |   | apillo | pa.gov/iris/carcino.htm>. | file.      |
|        |     |   | mas; s | Refer to the IRIS Summary | Future     |
|        |     |   | tomach | for more details on a     | versions   |
|        |     |   |  carci | particular chemical       | may        |
|        |     |   | nomas; | assessment (can be        | attempt to |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         | reconcile  |
|        |     |   | ####   | QuickView                 | field      |
|        |     |   |  CNS;  | **Website_URL**).         | entries    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | with ToxML |
|        |     |   | #      | If no precursor effects   | standard   |
|        |     |   | ### ma | are reported, entry is    | te         |
|        |     |   | mmary  | either:                   | rminology. |
|        |     |   | gland; |                           |            |
|        |     |   |  thyro | \"Information reviewed    | C          |
|        |     |   | id gla | but value not estimated;  | orresponds |
|        |     |   | nd; ut | refer to IRIS Summary.\"  | to content |
|        |     |   | erus;  | or                        | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Multiple   |
|        |     |   | ####   | \"Not assessed under the  | Substance  |
|        |     |   |  pelvi | IRIS program."            | Report     |
|        |     |   | s carc |                           | search     |
|        |     |   | inomas |                           | results    |
|        |     |   | ; urin |                           | category:  |
|        |     |   | ary bl |                           | "Oral      |
|        |     |   | adder  |                           | Slope      |
|        |     |   | papill |                           | Factor     |
|        |     |   | omas;  |                           | s/Drinking |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Water Unit |
|        |     |   | #### t |                           | Risks".    |
|        |     |   | hyroid |                           |            |
|        |     |   |  adeno |                           | Original   |
|        |     |   | mas; t |                           | IRIS       |
|        |     |   | hyroid |                           | column     |
|        |     |   |  carci |                           | header:    |
|        |     |   | nomas; |                           | "Precursor |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Ef         |
|        |     |   | ###    |                           | fect/Tumor |
|        |     |   | # fore |                           | Type".     |
|        |     |   | stomac |                           |            |
|        |     |   | h papi |                           |            |
|        |     |   | llomas |                           |            |
|        |     |   | ; fore |                           |            |
|        |     |   | stomac |                           |            |
|        |     |   | h carc |                           |            |
|        |     |   | inomas |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | #### f |                           |            |
|        |     |   | oresto |                           |            |
|        |     |   | mach;  |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | ##     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | ## leu |                           |            |
|        |     |   | kemia; |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | ####   |                           |            |
|        |     |   |  heman |                           |            |
|        |     |   | giosar |                           |            |
|        |     |   | comas; |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | ##     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | ## ... |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | Infor  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | mation |                           |            |
|        |     |   | re     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | viewed |                           |            |
|        |     |   | but    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | value  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | not    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | esti   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | mated; |                           |            |
|        |     |   | refer  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | to     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | IRIS   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | Sum    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | mary./ |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | Not    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | as     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | sessed |                           |            |
|        |     |   | under  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | the    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | IRIS   |                           |            |
|        |     |   | pro    |                           |            |
|        |     |   | gram./ |                           |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Dri  | n   | m | #/     | Slope Factor refers to an | Field      |
| nkingW | ume | g |        | upper bound,              | values     |
| ater_O | ric | / | *      | approximating a 95%       | converted  |
| ralSlo |     | k | blank* | confidence limit, on the  | to pure    |
| peFact |     | g |        | increased cancer risk     | numeric    |
| or_mg_ |     | - |        | from a lifetime exposure  | form for a |
| per_kg |     | b |        | to an agent. This         | single     |
| _day** |     | w |        | estimate, usually         | reported   |
|        |     | / |        | expressed in units of     | oral slope |
|        |     | d |        | proportion (of a          | factor.    |
|        |     | a |        | population) affected per  |            |
|        |     | y |        | mg/kg-day, is generally   | In a few   |
|        |     |   |        | reserved for use in the   | instances, |
|        |     |   |        | low-dose region of the    | multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | dose-response             | reported   |
|        |     |   |        | relationship, that is,    | values of  |
|        |     |   |        | for exposures             | the oral   |
|        |     |   |        | corresponding to risks    | slope      |
|        |     |   |        | less than 1 in 100.       | factor for |
|        |     |   |        | Values reported here are  | a single   |
|        |     |   |        | computed from oral        | substance  |
|        |     |   |        | drinking water exposure   | or         |
|        |     |   |        | data and expressed in     | footnotes  |
|        |     |   |        | units of mg/kg-(body      | have been  |
|        |     |   |        | weight) per day. For more | in         |
|        |     |   |        | information, see:         | corporated |
|        |     |   |        | <http://www.e             | into the   |
|        |     |   |        | pa.gov/iris/carcino.htm>. | field      |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary | **Dr       |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     | inkingWate |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       | r_Extrapol |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        | ationMetho |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         | d_Notes**. |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 |            |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | C          |
|        |     |   |        |                           | orresponds |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   | to content |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no oral slope   | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        | factor determined.        | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Report     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | search     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | results    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | category:  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Oral      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Slope      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Factor     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | s/Drinking |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Water Unit |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Risks".    |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Original   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | column     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | header:    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Oral      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Slope      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Factors".  |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| *      | n   | m | #/     | **DrinkingWater_OralSl    | Field      |
| *Drink | ume | m |        | opeFactor_mg_per_kg_day** | added to   |
| ingWat | ric | o | *      | value converted to molar  | DSSTox     |
| er_Ora |     | l | blank* | units in cases where test | file.      |
| lSlope |     | / |        | substance is not a        |            |
| Factor |     | k | ####   | mixture of different      | Molar      |
| _mmol_ |     | g |        | molecular weight          | values are |
| per_kg |     | - |        | substances, based on      | more       |
| _day** |     | b |        | formula:                  | a          |
|        |     | w |        | **D                       | ppropriate |
|        |     | / |        | rinkingWater_OralSlopeFac | for        |
|        |     | d |        | tor_mg_per_kg_day**/**STR | molecule   |
|        |     | a |        | UCTURE_MolecularWeight**; | to         |
|        |     | y |        | molar units should be     | molecule   |
|        |     |   |        | used for any              | activity   |
|        |     |   |        | structure-activity        | co         |
|        |     |   |        | relationship comparisons. | mparisons, |
|        |     |   |        |                           | such as in |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   | structur   |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no oral slope   | e-activity |
|        |     |   |        | factor determined or      | rela       |
|        |     |   |        | substance is a mixture    | tionships. |
|        |     |   |        | not suitable for molar    |            |
|        |     |   |        | unit conversion.          |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| *      | m   |   | *      | Lists extrapolation       | C          |
| *Drink | emo |   | Text/* | method used to compute    | orresponds |
| ingWat |     |   |        | Oral Slope Factor and     | to content |
| er_Ext |     |   | *      | additional details of     | under IRIS |
| rapola |     |   | blank* | this calculation. May     | Multiple   |
| tionMe |     |   |        | also list any additional  | Substance  |
| thod_N |     |   |        | Oral Slope Factors and    | Report     |
| otes** |     |   |        | Unit Risks for this       | search     |
|        |     |   |        | substance, indication of  | results    |
|        |     |   |        | extra risk, and units.    | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | Extrapolation methods     | "Oral      |
|        |     |   |        | include, e.g., linearized | Slope      |
|        |     |   |        | multi-stage procedure,    | Factor     |
|        |     |   |        | one-hit with time factor, | s/Drinking |
|        |     |   |        | multistage model with     | Water Unit |
|        |     |   |        | Benchmark Dose modeling,  | Risks".    |
|        |     |   |        | etc. \"blank\" or null    |            |
|        |     |   |        | entry indicates no oral   | Original   |
|        |     |   |        | slope factor determined.  | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | For more information,     | column     |
|        |     |   |        | see:                      | header:    |
|        |     |   |        | <http://www.e             | "Ext       |
|        |     |   |        | pa.gov/iris/carcino.htm>. | rapolation |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary | Method".   |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     |            |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       | Footnotes  |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        | or         |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         | multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | Oral Slope |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | Factors or |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Unit Risks |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   | from the   |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no oral slope   | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | factor determined.        | ""Oral     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Slope      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Factors"   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | or         |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Drinking  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Water Unit |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Risks"     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | columns    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | were also  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | moved to   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | this text  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Note       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | field.     |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Abb        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | reviations |
|        |     |   |        |                           | are        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | expanded   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | in DSSTox  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | field      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | entries.   |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **D    | n   | m | #/     | Unit Risk is defined as   | C          |
| rinkin | ume | i |        | the upper-bound excess    | orresponds |
| gWater | ric | c | *      | lifetime cancer risk      | to content |
| _UnitR |     | r | blank* | estimated to result from  | under IRIS |
| isk_mi |     | o |        | continuous exposure to an | Multiple   |
| crog_p |     | g |        | agent at a concentration  | Substance  |
| er_L** |     | / |        | of 1 µg/L in water, or 1  | Report     |
|        |     | L |        | µg/m3 in air. The         | search     |
|        |     |   |        | interpretation of unit    | results    |
|        |     |   |        | risk would be as follows: | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | if unit risk = 2 x 10-6   | "Oral      |
|        |     |   |        | per microg/L, 2 excess    | Slope      |
|        |     |   |        | cancer cases (upper bound | Factor     |
|        |     |   |        | estimate) are expected to | s/Drinking |
|        |     |   |        | develop per 1,000,000     | Water Unit |
|        |     |   |        | people if exposed daily   | Risks".    |
|        |     |   |        | for a lifetime to 1       |            |
|        |     |   |        | microg of the chemical in | Original   |
|        |     |   |        | 1 liter of drinking       | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | water. Units are          | column     |
|        |     |   |        | microgram/L. For more     | header:    |
|        |     |   |        | information, see:         | "Drinking  |
|        |     |   |        | <http://www.e             | Water Unit |
|        |     |   |        | pa.gov/iris/carcino.htm>. | Risks".    |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary |            |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     |            |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       |            |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        |            |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         |            |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 |            |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   |            |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no unit risk    |            |
|        |     |   |        | determined.               |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Dri  | n   | m | #/     | **DrinkingWate            | Field      |
| nkingW | ume | i |        | r_UnitRisk_microg_per_L** | added to   |
| ater_U | ric | c | *      | value converted to molar  | DSSTox     |
| nitRis |     | r | blank* | units in cases where test | file.      |
| k_micr |     | o |        | substance is not a        |            |
| omol_p |     | m |        | mixture of different      | Molar      |
| er_L** |     | o |        | molecular weight          | values are |
|        |     | l |        | substances, based on      | more       |
|        |     | / |        | formula:                  | a          |
|        |     | L |        | **DrinkingWater_Unit      | ppropriate |
|        |     |   |        | Risk_microg_per_L**/**STR | for        |
|        |     |   |        | UCTURE_MolecularWeight**; | molecule   |
|        |     |   |        | molar units should be     | to         |
|        |     |   |        | used for any              | molecule   |
|        |     |   |        | structure-activity        | activity   |
|        |     |   |        | relationship comparisons. | co         |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   | mparisons, |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no unit risk    | such as in |
|        |     |   |        | determined or substance   | structur   |
|        |     |   |        | is a mixture not suitable | e-activity |
|        |     |   |        | for molar unit            | rela       |
|        |     |   |        | conversion.               | tionships. |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **Dr   | d   |   | diet;  | Route of administration   | C          |
| inking | efi |   |        | of study used to estimate | orresponds |
| Water_ | ned |   | dr     | Drinking Water exposure   | to content |
| StudyR | t   |   | inking | route Oral Slope Factor   | under IRIS |
| oute** | ext |   | water; | and Unit Risk.            | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | Possibilities include:    | Substance  |
|        |     |   | g      | diet, drinking water,     | Report     |
|        |     |   | avage; | gavage, inhalation,       | search     |
|        |     |   |        | occupational exposure,    | results    |
|        |     |   | inhal  | oral.                     | category:  |
|        |     |   | ation; |                           | "Oral      |
|        |     |   | occupa | For more information,     | Slope      |
|        |     |   | tional | see:                      | Factor     |
|        |     |   | exp    | <http://www.e             | s/Drinking |
|        |     |   | osure; | pa.gov/iris/carcino.htm>. | Water Unit |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary | Risks".    |
|        |     |   | oral;  | for more details on a     |            |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       | Original   |
|        |     |   | corn   | assessment (can be        | IRIS       |
|        |     |   | oil;   | accessed from the         | column     |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | header:    |
|        |     |   | sesame | **Website_URL**).         | "Study     |
|        |     |   | oil;   |                           | Route".    |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   |            |
|        |     |   | salad  | indicates no study        |            |
|        |     |   | oil/   | results reported.         |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | (NTP,  | NTP = NIH National        |            |
|        |     |   | NCA)   | Toxicology Program        |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | *      | NCA = National Cancer     |            |
|        |     |   | blank* | Association               |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **     | i   |   | \#     | Value indicates whether   | Counter    |
| Inhala | nte |   |        | inhalation exposure Unit  | field      |
| tion_U | ger |   |        | Risk was assessed (1) or  | added to   |
| nitRis |     |   |        | not (0) for this          | DSSTox     |
| k_Asse |     |   |        | substance. See            | file.      |
| ssed** |     |   |        | **Inhalation              |            |
|        |     |   |        | _UnitRisk_microg_per_m3** | C          |
|        |     |   |        | for description of        | orresponds |
|        |     |   |        | inhalation exposure Unit  | to content |
|        |     |   |        | Risk values.              | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Report     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | search     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | results    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | category:  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Air Unit  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Risks".    |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Older IRIS |
|        |     |   |        |                           | a          |
|        |     |   |        |                           | ssessments |
|        |     |   |        |                           | use the    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | term       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Air",     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | whereas    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | newer      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | a          |
|        |     |   |        |                           | ssessments |
|        |     |   |        |                           | substitute |
|        |     |   |        |                           | the        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | equivalent |
|        |     |   |        |                           | term       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "In        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | halation". |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **In   | t   |   | #      | Listing of the            | No         |
| halati | ext |   | ### ab | pre-carcinogenic cellular | standard   |
| on_Pre |     |   | domina | abnormality and/or tumor  | vocabulary |
| cursor |     |   | l cavi | type that factor into the | or         |
| Effect |     |   | ty sar | determination of the Air  | ontology   |
| _Tumor |     |   | comas; | Unit Risk. Precursor      | was used   |
| Type** |     |   |        | effects in specified      | here.      |
|        |     |   | #      | organ/tissues include,    | However,   |
|        |     |   | ### bl | e.g., adenomas,           | original   |
|        |     |   | adder; | neoplastic nodules,       | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | carcinomas, astrocytomas, | entries    |
|        |     |   | ###    | papillomas. Tumors are    | were       |
|        |     |   | # esop | indicated by listing of   | modified   |
|        |     |   | hagus; | organ or tissue without   | in some    |
|        |     |   |        | additional qualifiers,    | cases to   |
|        |     |   | #### b | e.g., bladder, liver,     | adopt      |
|        |     |   | ronchi | kidney, etc. For more     | consistent |
|        |     |   | oalveo | information, see:         | notation   |
|        |     |   | lar ad | <http://www.e             | throughout |
|        |     |   | enoma; | pa.gov/iris/carcino.htm>. | this data  |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary | file.      |
|        |     |   | ####   | for more details on a     | Future     |
|        |     |   |  CNS;  | particular chemical       | versions   |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        | may        |
|        |     |   | ##     | accessed from the         | attempt to |
|        |     |   | ## mam | QuickView                 | reconcile  |
|        |     |   | mary a | **Website_URL**).         | field      |
|        |     |   | nd thy |                           | entries    |
|        |     |   | roid g | If no precursor effects   | with ToxML |
|        |     |   | lands; | are reported, entry is    | standard   |
|        |     |   |        | either:                   | te         |
|        |     |   | ##     |                           | rminology. |
|        |     |   | ##  ut | \"Information reviewed    |            |
|        |     |   | erus;  | but value not estimated;  | C          |
|        |     |   |        | refer to IRIS Summary.\"  | orresponds |
|        |     |   | ####   | or                        | to content |
|        |     |   |  oral  |                           | under IRIS |
|        |     |   | cavity | \"Not assessed under the  | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |  (comb | IRIS program."            | Substance  |
|        |     |   | ined); |                           | Report     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | search     |
|        |     |   | ####   |                           | results    |
|        |     |   |  heman |                           | category:  |
|        |     |   | giosar |                           | "Air Unit  |
|        |     |   | comas; |                           | Risks".    |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   | ##     |                           | Original   |
|        |     |   | ## ... |                           | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | column     |
|        |     |   | Infor  |                           | header:    |
|        |     |   | mation |                           | "Precursor |
|        |     |   | re     |                           | Ef         |
|        |     |   | viewed |                           | fect/Tumor |
|        |     |   | but    |                           | type".     |
|        |     |   | value  |                           |            |
|        |     |   | not    |                           | Older IRIS |
|        |     |   | esti   |                           | a          |
|        |     |   | mated; |                           | ssessments |
|        |     |   | refer  |                           | use the    |
|        |     |   | to     |                           | term       |
|        |     |   | IRIS   |                           | "Air",     |
|        |     |   | Sum    |                           | whereas    |
|        |     |   | mary./ |                           | newer      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | a          |
|        |     |   | Not    |                           | ssessments |
|        |     |   | as     |                           | substitute |
|        |     |   | sessed |                           | the        |
|        |     |   | under  |                           | equivalent |
|        |     |   | the    |                           | term       |
|        |     |   | IRIS   |                           | "In        |
|        |     |   | pro    |                           | halation". |
|        |     |   | gram./ |                           |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| *      | n   | m | *#/*   | Unit Risk is defined as   | C          |
| *Inhal | ume | i |        | the upper-bound excess    | orresponds |
| ation_ | ric | c | *      | lifetime cancer risk      | to content |
| UnitRi |     | r | blank* | estimated to result from  | under IRIS |
| sk_mic |     | o |        | continuous exposure to an | Multiple   |
| rog_pe |     | g |        | agent at a concentration  | Substance  |
| r_m3** |     | / |        | of 1 µg/L in water, or 1  | Report     |
|        |     | m |        | µg/m3 in air. The         | search     |
|        |     | 3 |        | interpretation of unit    | results    |
|        |     |   |        | risk would be as follows: | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | if unit risk = 2 x 10-6   | "Air Unit  |
|        |     |   |        | per microg/L, 2 excess    | Risks".    |
|        |     |   |        | cancer cases (upper bound |            |
|        |     |   |        | estimate) are expected to | Original   |
|        |     |   |        | develop per 1,000,000     | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | people if exposed daily   | column     |
|        |     |   |        | for a lifetime to 1       | header:    |
|        |     |   |        | microg of the chemical in | "Air Unit  |
|        |     |   |        | 1 liter of drinking       | Risks".    |
|        |     |   |        | water. Units are          |            |
|        |     |   |        | microgram/cubicmeter      | Older IRIS |
|        |     |   |        | volume of air. For more   | a          |
|        |     |   |        | information, see:         | ssessments |
|        |     |   |        | <http://www.e             | use the    |
|        |     |   |        | pa.gov/iris/carcino.htm>. | term       |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary | "Air",     |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     | whereas    |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       | newer      |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        | a          |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         | ssessments |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | substitute |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | the        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | equivalent |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   | term       |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no unit risk    | "In        |
|        |     |   |        | determined.               | halation". |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **I    | n   | m | *#/*   | **Inhalation              | Field      |
| nhalat | ume | i |        | _UnitRisk_microg_per_m3** | added to   |
| ion_Un | ric | c | *      | value converted to molar  | DSSTox     |
| itRisk |     | r | blank* | units in cases where test | file.      |
| _micro |     | o |        | substance is not a        |            |
| mol_pe |     | m |        | mixture of different      | > Molar    |
| r_m3** |     | o |        | molecular weight          | > values   |
|        |     | l |        | substances, based on      | > are more |
|        |     | / |        | formula: **Inhalation     | > a        |
|        |     | m |        | \                         | ppropriate |
|        |     | 3 |        | _UnitRisk_microg_per_m3** | > for      |
|        |     |   |        | /                         | > molecule |
|        |     |   |        | **STR                     | > to       |
|        |     |   |        | UCTURE_MolecularWeight**; | > molecule |
|        |     |   |        | molar units should be     | > activity |
|        |     |   |        | used for any              | > co       |
|        |     |   |        | structure-activity        | mparisons, |
|        |     |   |        | relationship comparisons. | > such as  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > in       |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   | > structur |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no unit risk    | e-activity |
|        |     |   |        | determined or substance   | > rela     |
|        |     |   |        | is a mixture not suitable | tionships. |
|        |     |   |        | for molar unit            |            |
|        |     |   |        | conversion.               |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| *      | d   |   | diet;  | Route of administration   | C          |
| *Inhal | efi |   |        | of study used to estimate | orresponds |
| ation_ | ned |   | dr     | Inhalation exposure route | to content |
| StudyR | t   |   | inking | Oral Slope Factor and     | under IRIS |
| oute** | ext |   | water; | Unit Risk. Possibilities  | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | include: diet, drinking   | Substance  |
|        |     |   | g      | water, gavage,            | Report     |
|        |     |   | avage; | inhalation, occupational  | search     |
|        |     |   |        | exposure, oral. For more  | results    |
|        |     |   | inhal  | information, see:         | category:  |
|        |     |   | ation; | <http://www.e             | "Air Unit  |
|        |     |   | occupa | pa.gov/iris/carcino.htm>. | Risks".    |
|        |     |   | tional | Refer to the IRIS Summary |            |
|        |     |   | exp    | for more details on a     | Original   |
|        |     |   | osure; | particular chemical       | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        | column     |
|        |     |   | oral;  | accessed from the         | header:    |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | "Study     |
|        |     |   | gavage | **Website_URL**).         | Route".    |
|        |     |   | fo     |                           |            |
|        |     |   | llowed | \"blank\" or null entry   | Older IRIS |
|        |     |   | by     | indicates no study        | a          |
|        |     |   | diet;  | results reported.         | ssessments |
|        |     |   |        |                           | use the    |
|        |     |   | gavage |                           | term       |
|        |     |   | in     |                           | "Air",     |
|        |     |   | corn   |                           | whereas    |
|        |     |   | oil/   |                           | newer      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | a          |
|        |     |   | *      |                           | ssessments |
|        |     |   | blan*k |                           | substitute |
|        |     |   |        |                           | the        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | equivalent |
|        |     |   |        |                           | term       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "In        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | halation". |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **In   | m   |   | ###    | Lists extrapolation       | C          |
| halati | emo |   | # Text | method used to compute    | orresponds |
| on_Ext |     |   |        | Air (Inhalation) Unit     | to content |
| rapola |     |   |        | Risk and additional       | under IRIS |
| tionMe |     |   |        | details of this           | Multiple   |
| thod_N |     |   |        | calculation. May also     | Substance  |
| otes** |     |   |        | list any additional Unit  | Report     |
|        |     |   |        | Risks for a substance,    | search     |
|        |     |   |        | indication of extra risk, | results    |
|        |     |   |        | and units. Extrapolation  | category:  |
|        |     |   |        | methods include, e.g.,    | "Air Unit  |
|        |     |   |        | linearized multi-stage    | Risks".    |
|        |     |   |        | procedure, one-hit with   |            |
|        |     |   |        | time factor, multistage   | Original   |
|        |     |   |        | model with Benchmark Dose | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        | modeling, etc. For more   | column     |
|        |     |   |        | information, see:         | header:    |
|        |     |   |        | <http://www.e             | "Ext       |
|        |     |   |        | pa.gov/iris/carcino.htm>. | rapolation |
|        |     |   |        | Refer to the IRIS Summary | Method".   |
|        |     |   |        | for more details on a     |            |
|        |     |   |        | particular chemical       | Older IRIS |
|        |     |   |        | assessment (can be        | a          |
|        |     |   |        | accessed from the         | ssessments |
|        |     |   |        | QuickView                 | use the    |
|        |     |   |        | **Website_URL**).         | term       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "Air",     |
|        |     |   |        | \"blank\" or null entry   | whereas    |
|        |     |   |        | indicates no unit risk    | newer      |
|        |     |   |        | determined.               | a          |
|        |     |   |        |                           | ssessments |
|        |     |   |        |                           | substitute |
|        |     |   |        |                           | the        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | equivalent |
|        |     |   |        |                           | term       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | "In        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | halation". |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **     | i   |   | \#     | Sum of indicator values   | Counter    |
| TotalA | nte |   |        | (0,1) for assessments in  | field      |
| ssessm | ger |   |        | all 5 toxicity review     | added to   |
| ents** |     |   |        | areas (Oral RfDs,         | DSSTox     |
|        |     |   |        | Inhalation RfCs, Weight   | file.      |
|        |     |   |        | of Evidence               |            |
|        |     |   |        | Characterizations, Oral   | C          |
|        |     |   |        | Slope Factors/Drinking    | orresponds |
|        |     |   |        | Water Unit Risks, Air     | to content |
|        |     |   |        | Unit Risks), with total   | under IRIS |
|        |     |   |        | ranging from 0-5          | Multiple   |
|        |     |   |        | providing a rough         | Substance  |
|        |     |   |        | indication of the amount  | Report     |
|        |     |   |        | of study data available   | search     |
|        |     |   |        | for a given substance.    | results    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | for all 5  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | listed     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | search     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | c          |
|        |     |   |        |                           | ategories. |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **N    | m   |   | *Text* | Field used to provide     | > Any      |
| ote_IR | emo |   |        | supplementary             | > dis      |
| ISTR** |     |   | ####   | Source-specific           | crepancies |
|        |     |   |        | information pertaining to | > in IRIS  |
|        |     |   |        | the chemical and toxicity | > CAS vs.  |
|        |     |   |        | fields.                   | > DSSTox   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > CAS or   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > test     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | >          |
|        |     |   |        |                           |  substance |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > d        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | escription |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > are      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > provided |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > here.    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > See      |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > IRISTR   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > Log File |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > for more |
|        |     |   |        |                           | > details. |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
| **C    | URL |   | *Text* | Internet URL website      | URLs are   |
| hemica |     |   |        | address linking to        | provided   |
| lPage\ |     |   | ####   | external web page         | for the    |
| \      |     |   |        | providing                 | IRIS       |
| _URL** |     |   |        | chemical-specific data or | "Quick     |
|        |     |   |        | content. ChemicalPage_URL | View" web  |
|        |     |   |        | was checked at time of    | pages.     |
|        |     |   |        | DSSTox data file          | Links to   |
|        |     |   |        | publication. Please send  | the IRIS   |
|        |     |   |        | DSSTox Error Report if    | Summary    |
|        |     |   |        | website URL address no    | documents  |
|        |     |   |        | longer works or is        | are easily |
|        |     |   |        | changed.                  | accessed   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | from these |
|        |     |   |        |                           | pages.     |
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
|        |     |   |        |                           | URLs were  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | extracted  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | at the     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | time of    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | initial    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | DSSTox     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | file       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | creation   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | (Oct       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | 2006).     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Efforts    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | will be    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | made to    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | coordinate |
|        |     |   |        |                           | IRIS       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | Website    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | updates    |
|        |     |   |        |                           | affecting  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | data       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | content or |
|        |     |   |        |                           | URL        |
|        |     |   |        |                           | addresses  |
|        |     |   |        |                           | with the   |
|        |     |   |        |                           | content of |
|        |     |   |        |                           | this       |
|        |     |   |        |                           | DSSTox     |
|        |     |   |        |                           | file.      |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+
|        |     |   |        |                           |            |
+--------+-----+---+--------+---------------------------+------------+