**CONCEPT:** Fundamentals of the CAP Flying Safety Program

**APROXIMATE TIME:** 1 Hour

**OBJECTIVES:**

1\. Discuss the importance of CRM and how it becomes a crucial element
to effective cockpit communication and operations

2\. Discuss the importance of ORM in preflight planning and techniques
for implementation

3\. Discuss how CRM and ORM are instrumental to safe flight

4\. Discuss the essential elements of a flight safety program

5\. Discuss reporting procedures and the importance for rapid
notification of local safety offices and NHQ CAP.

**SUGGESTED MATERIALS:** Additional materials are: CAP Regulation 62-2,
*Mishap Reporting and Investigation*, *The Sentinel*, Jul 98 Special
Edition; Any recent articles on CRM or ORM in aviation magazines (i.e.
Flying Safety and Mobility Forum. Check the local library or on-line WEB
sites): Flying Safety Magazine:
<http://www.afsc.saia.af.mil/magazine/htdocs/fsmfirst.htm>,Mobility
Forum Magazine: [http://www.AMC-Ser@scott.af.mil](). Refer to the
instructor information link in the user's guide for the basic materials
to teach the class.

**INTRODUCTION**:

Safety is paramount in the Civil Air Patrol. This lesson focuses on
flight safety, but many of its techniques and procedures are applicable
to ground safety as well. Crew Resource Management and Operational Risk
Management are important training tools that enable aviators to
effectively utilize all available resources and minimize the risk
associated with flying. Additionally, maintaining a dynamic flight
safety program is essential to safe flight operations.

**PURPOSE/RATIONALE:**

This lesson will provide basic techniques and procedures for
establishing basic CRM and ORM programs. It will also cover critical
elements of a commanders safety program. This will ensure that every
precaution is taken to minimize the risk associated with flight.

**MAIN POINTS:**

1\. The basics of Crew Resource Management.\
2. The basics of Operational Risk Management.\
3. The essential elements of the CAP flight safety program.\
4. Reporting requirements and procedures for aircraft mishaps

**Lesson Presentation**:

![](media/image1.wmf)**Attention Step: (Slide 1)** Welcome students to
the class. Introduce the course and describe how this will discuss tools
that could save their lives.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Lesson Overview: (Slide 2)** Give students an
overview of what you will be discussing, what the objectives are and
what you hope the student will take away from this course.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 1: (Slide 3)** Discuss how aircrew
errors are the predominant factors in aircraft mishaps. Describe how
good decision making and maximizing the use of all available resources
can reduce mishaps.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 1: (Slide 4)** Elaborate on what CRM
is and why we stress CRM training. Explain where CRM can be most
effective and in what situations.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 1: (Slide 5)** Explain how practicing
CRM will make it second nature. Talk about where CRM information can be
found and discuss the benefits of talking about CRM and lessons learned
from personal experiences. Stress that CRM must become an inherent part
of flight operations.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 1: (Slide 6)** Discuss techniques to
enhance CRM. Solicit inputs from students and be sure to emphasize how
CRM is dynamic and changes with experience.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 1: (Slide 7)** Present the memory aid
DECIDE as a tool to help pilots properly evaluate an emergency
situation.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 2: (Slide 8)** Describe what ORM is
and how it is a cost benefit analysis. Fully integrating ORM into the
mission planning process is crucial. Explain how it helps make the
correct decisions and helps to determine when a mission is not worth the
risk.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 2: (Slide 9)** Discuss the formalized
6 step process, expanding on each step to be sure the students
understand how they integrate into the ORM process.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 2: (Slide 10)** Explain how each pilot
is responsible for minimizing risk and actively taking steps to avoid
taking unnecessary risk. However, stress that the mission still needs to
be done and some risk is always present. ORM simply defines the risk and
presents actions to take minimizing that risk.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 3: (Slide 11)** Emphasize that safety
is always a priority and everyone is responsible for safe operations.
Safety remains the commanders program.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 3: (Slide 12)** Discuss the
responsibilities of the safety officer. Extrapolate on each area and be
sure students understand the basics of the sub areas.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 3: (Slide 13)** Same as slide 12

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 4: (Slide 14)** Describe reporting
procedures for accidents and mishaps. Be sure to emphasize when to
contact National, Regional and Wing commanders.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 4: (Slide 15)** Define the definition
of a mishap. Explain how this may impact reporting procedures.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 4: (Slide 16)** Define the definition
of an accident. Explain how this may impact reporting procedures.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Main Point 4: (Slide 17)** Describe CAPR 62-2 and
applicable reporting procedures. If available, distribute copies of a
blank CAP Form 78 and have students go through and fill out an example
mishap report.

![](media/image1.wmf)**Summary: (Slide 18)** Recap the main objectives
and stress that safety is everyone's responsibility. Ask for questions
and clarify any problem areas.