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**UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY**

**WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460**

**OFFICE OF**

**PREVENTION, PESTICIDES**

**AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES**

**[MEMORANDUM]{.underline}**

DATE: November 1, 2005

SUBJECT: **1,2,4-Triazole.** Acute and Chronic Dietary Exposure
Assessments to Support Reregistration and Registration Actions for
Triazole-derivative Fungicides

> PC Code: 600074
>
> DP Number: 322238

REVIEWER: Michael Doherty, Ph.D., Chemist

> Registration Action Branch II
>
> Health Effects Division (7509C)

THROUGH: Christina Swartz, Branch Chief, RAB2

> Thurston Morton, Chemist
>
> Dietary Exposure Science Advisory Council (DESAC)
>
> Health Effects Division (7509C)
>
> Richard Loranger, Ph.D., Branch Senior Scientist
>
> Registration Action Branch II
>
> Health Effects Division (7509C)

TO: Michael Doherty, Ph.D., Chemist

> Registration Action Branch II
>
> Health Effects Division (7509C)

**Executive Summary**

Acute and chronic dietary risk assessments were conducted using the
Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model (DEEM-FCID, Version 2.03), which uses
food consumption data from the USDA=s Continuing Surveys of Food Intakes
by Individuals (CSFII) from 1994-1996 and 1998. The analyses were
performed to support reregistration eligibility decisions (REDs) and
registration new use/new active ingredient actions for the class of
compounds known as the triazole-derivative fungicides. Physical and
biological processes in plants, livestock, humans, and the environment
have the potential to form 1,2,4-triazole from this class of compounds.
1,2,4-triazole is primarily an animal metabolite. Although
1,2,4-triazole does form in plants, it is conjugated with serine to form
triazole alanine and then further oxidized to form triazole acetic acid,
leaving lesser amounts of 1,2,4-triazole as a terminal residue. The
conjugate metabolites triazole alanine and triazole acetic acid are the
subject of a separate dietary exposure assessment.

The assessments are based on registered, pending, and proposed
agricultural uses of triazole-derivative fungicides as of September 1,
2005. New use, new a.i., and emergency exemption petitions received by
the Agency after that date are not explicitly included in the
assessments. Dietary exposure and risk estimates associated with any
such petitions [may]{.underline} be sufficiently addressed by this
assessment depending on the use, the crop, and the nature of the parent
fungicide.

The acute and chronic assessments include direct dietary exposure to
1,2,4-triazole as well as indirect exposure that may occur due to
food-borne residues of parent triazole-derivative fungicide and the
subsequent *in-vivo* conversion of parent compound to 1,2,4-trizole
within the human system. For both direct and indirect exposures, residue
estimates were derived from parent compound tolerance values, taking
into consideration any monitoring data that were available for
1,2,4-triazole. Both acute and chronic assessments make the conservative
assumption that 100% of foods with triazole-derivative fungicide
registrations (active, pending, and requested) were treated with a
triazole-derivative fungicide. Both assessments are deterministic and
include residue estimates for water. A cancer assessment was not
conducted. Although there is some concern regarding the carcinogenicity
of 1,2,4-triazole, HED believes that the chronic dietary exposure
assessment is sufficiently protective of any cancer related effects.

Acute exposure estimates for 1,2,4-triazole range from 0.0025 to 0.0096
mg/kg/day at the 95^th^ percentile of exposure. The maximum exposure
estimate is for infants less than 1 year of age and corresponds to a
risk estimate of 32% of the acute Population-Adjusted Dose (aPAD).
Chronic exposure estimates range from 0.0005 to 0.00196 mg/kg/day. For
the chronic exposure estimates, the maximum is for children aged 1 to 2
years. The risk estimate associated with that group is 39% of the
chronic PAD (cPAD). HED is generally concerned when risk estimates for
any representative population subgroup exceed 100% of the PAD. The risk
estimates associated with 1,2,4-triazole are below HED's level of
concern. These assessments are considered to be conservative because (1)
the food residue estimates are derived from parent fungicide tolerances
or conservative monitoring data, (2) the drinking water estimate is
based on high-level assumptions regarding residue estimates, (3) all
foods with existing, pending, and proposed tolerances for one or more
triazole-derivative fungicides were assumed to have residues (i.e., 100%
crop treated), and (4) the toxicological findings for the various
triazole-derivative parent compounds implicitly includes exposure to
internally formed 1,2,4-triazole; therefore, inclusion of the indirect
exposure pathway is already partially addressed by the dietary exposure
and risk analyses for the various parent compounds.

**I. Introduction**

Dietary risk assessment incorporates both exposure and toxicity of a
given pesticide. For acute and chronic assessments, the risk is
expressed as a percentage of a maximum acceptable dose (i.e., the dose
which HED has concluded will result in no unreasonable adverse health
effects). This dose is referred to as the population-adjusted dose
(PAD). The PAD is equivalent to the reference dose (RfD) divided by the
special FQPA Safety Factor.

For acute and non-cancer chronic exposures, HED is concerned when
estimated dietary risk exceeds 100% of the PAD; for cancer assessments,
HED is generally concerned when estimated cancer risk exceeds one in one
million (i.e., the risk exceeds 1 x 10^-6^). References which discuss
the acute and chronic risk assessments in more detail are available on
the EPA/pesticides web site: AAvailable Information on Assessing
Exposure from Pesticides, A User=s Guide,@ 6/21/2000, web link:
[http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA‑PEST/2000/July/Day‑12/6061.pdf]{.underline}
; or see SOP 99.6 (8/20/99).

This is the first comprehensive dietary exposure assessment for
1,2,4-triazole that has been conducted by the Health Effects Division. A
previous assessment, used to support Section 18 emergency exemptions
related to control of soybean rust was based on the dietary assessment
conducted by the U.S. Triazole Task Force (MRID 45575501).

**II. Residue Information**

*Food Residues*. Exposure to 1,2,4-triazole may occur through direct or
indirect means. For purposes of this assessment, direct exposure is
defined as exposure to residues of 1,2,4-triazole, *per se*, in the food
supply. Indirect exposure to 1,2,4-triazole may occur when there is
exposure to a triazole-derivative fungicide. Indirect exposure is
defined as exposure to 1,2,4-triazole that occurs due to metabolic
conversion of the parent compound to 1,2,4-triazole within the human
system. For assessing direct and indirect exposure, residue levels of
1,2,4-triazole were estimated from parent triazole-derivative fungicide
tolerances. For each food/parent fungicide tolerance combination, a
residue estimate was calculated by multiplying the tolerance by a
metabolic conversion factor and by a molecular weight conversion factor.
Direct-exposure residue levels used the metabolic factor appropriate for
the food form of interest. Indirect-exposure residue levels used
metabolic factors from rat metabolism studies. For some compounds
metabolic conversion factors were not readily available and the maximum
factors from the entire class of compounds were used (20% for plants,
77% for livestock). Residue estimates were translated for similar
commodities (e.g., bananas to plantains, cattle to sheep and hogs,
etc.). The assessments include default processing factors from DEEM
Version 7.

Through a joint effort by the U.S. Triazole Task Force (USTTF) and
USDA's Pesticide Data Program (PDP), monitoring data depicting residues
of 1,2,4-triazole are available for apples, peaches, wheat flour,
bananas, eggs, peanut butter, soybeans, finished water, strawberry,
milk, grapes, and tomato. Most of the monitoring data for 1,2,4-triazole
were reported as being below the level of quantification.

The following rules were used to select residues for the direct dietary
exposure analysis:

1.  If no monitoring data are available for the crop, or from a
    representative commodity, the maximum calculated residue value was
    selected for acute assessments and the average calculated residue
    value was selected for chronic assessments.

2.  If the monitoring dataset contains values that are greater than the
    LOQ, the monitoring data were used.

3.  If the monitoring data are all less than the reported LOQ and the
    calculated residue value is less than ½ LOQ, the calculated residue
    values were used.

4.  If the monitoring data are less than the reported LOQ and the
    calculated residue value is greater than the LOQ, a value of ½ LOQ
    was used.

5.  Average residue estimates from the indirect exposure pathway were
    added to either the maximum direct residue estimate for acute
    assessments or the average direct residue estimate for chronic
    assessments.

For the indirect-exposure part of the analysis, average indirect-residue
estimates were used for both the acute and chronic assessments. The
average value was selected due to the fact that this indirect exposure
is addressed, at least in part, by the toxicology studies and risk
assessment for the various triazole-derivative parent fungicides. A
summary of the values used in the assessments and their sources is shown
in Table 1. Field trial studies for some triazole-derivative fungicides
include analyses for 1,2,4-triazole. These data could be used to refine
the exposure and risk estimates; however, due to timing issues, resource
constraints, and the various stages of review of the submissions, they
were not considered for these assessments.

1,2,4-Triazole is not currently listed in 40 CFR Section 180, nor is it
included in the tolerance expression for any triazole-derivative
fungicide. Due to the difficult nature of the analytical methods
available for 1,2,4-triazole at this time, the multiple potential
sources of 1,2,4-triazole, and its occurrence in the environment, it is
unlikely that tolerances will be established for this compound alone.

  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Table 1. Summary                                                                                                                      
  of Direct and                                                                                                                         
  Indirect Residue                                                                                                                      
  Estimates Used to                                                                                                                     
  Assess Dietary                                                                                                                        
  Exposure to                                                                                                                           
  1,2,4-Triazole.                                                                                                                       
  ----------------- --------- --------- ----------- -------- --------- --------- ------------ -------- ------------ --------- --------- -----------
  Item              Dietary             Direct                                                                                          Average
                    Model               Exposure                                                                                        Indirect
                    Input,              ^2^                                                                                             Residue
                    ppm ^1^                                                                                                             Estimate,
                                                                                                                                        ppm ^6^

                                        Selected                                 Calculated            Monitoring                       
                                        Residue                                  Data, ppm             Data, ppm                        
                                        Estimate,                                ^4^                   ^5^                              
                                        ppm ^3^                                                                                         

                    Acute     Chronic   Acute       Acute    Chronic   Chronic   Max.         Avg.     LOQ          Max.      Avg.      
                                                    Source             Source                                                           

  Pome Fruit        0.0253    0.0253    0.0100      1/2 LOQ  0.0100    1/2 LOQ   0.0470       0.0182   0.02000      0.02000   0.02000   0.0153
  (Apple)                                                                                                                               

  Artichoke         0.0753    0.0655    0.0478      Max.     0.0380    Avg.      0.0478       0.0380   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0275
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Asparagus         0.0099    0.0056    0.0071      Max.     0.0028    Avg.      0.0071       0.0028   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0028
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Banana            0.0238    0.0238    0.0050      1/2 LOQ  0.0050    1/2 LOQ   0.1913       0.0279   0.01000      0.00315   0.00036   0.0188

  Dry Bean          0.0230    0.0137    0.0202      Max.     0.0109    Avg.      0.0202       0.0109   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0028
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Succulent Bean    0.0568    0.0291    0.0478      Max.     0.0201    Avg.      0.0478       0.0201   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0090
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Blueberry         0.0462    0.0321    0.0404      Max.     0.0263    Avg.      0.0404       0.0263   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0058
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Caneberry         0.1495    0.1305    0.0957      Max.     0.0767    Avg.      0.0957       0.0767   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0538
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Canola            0.0100    0.0082    0.0040      Max.     0.0022    Avg.      0.0040       0.0022   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0060
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Carrot            0.0101    0.0101    0.0081      Max.     0.0081    Avg.      0.0081       0.0081   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0020
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Leafy Petioles    0.2523    0.2523    0.2018      Max.     0.2018    Avg.      0.2018       0.2018   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0505
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Barley            0.0055    0.0043    0.0040      Max.     0.0028    Avg.      0.0040       0.0028   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0015
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Oats              0.0056    0.0046    0.0040      Max.     0.0030    Avg.      0.0040       0.0030   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0016
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Rice              0.3073    0.1236    0.2826      Max.     0.0989    Avg.      0.2826       0.0989   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0247
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Rye               0.0058    0.0050    0.0040      Max.     0.0032    Avg.      0.0040       0.0032   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0018
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Wheat             0.0053    0.0040    0.0040      Max.     0.0027    Avg.      0.0040       0.0027   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0013
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Wheat Flour       0.0053    0.0040    0.0040      Max.     0.0027    Avg.      0.0040       0.0027   0.01000      0.01000   0.01000   0.0013
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Wild Rice         0.0252    0.0252    0.0202      Max.     0.0202    Avg.      0.0202       0.0202   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0050
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Citrus Group      0.0436    0.0436    0.0410      Max.     0.0410    Avg.      0.0410       0.0410   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0026
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Coffee            0.0411    0.0005    0.0410      Max.     0.0004    Avg.      0.0410       0.0004   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0001
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Field Corn        0.0052    0.0035    0.0040      Max.     0.0023    Avg.      0.0040       0.0023   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0012
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Sweet Corn        0.0051    0.0033    0.0040      Max.     0.0022    Avg.      0.0040       0.0022   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0011
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Cotton            0.0965    0.0300    0.0898      Max.     0.0233    Avg.      0.0898       0.0233   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0067
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Cranberry         0.0460    0.0266    0.0404      Max.     0.0210    Avg.      0.0404       0.0210   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0056
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Cucurbits         0.0126    0.0100    0.0096      Max.     0.0070    Avg.      0.0096       0.0070   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0030
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Curant            0.1844    0.1328    0.1435      Max.     0.0919    Avg.      0.1435       0.0919   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0409
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Elderberry        0.0505    0.0505    0.0404      Max.     0.0404    Avg.      0.0404       0.0404   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0101
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Grape             0.0500    0.0337    0.0213      Max.     0.0050    Avg. Mon. 0.2244       0.0727   0.01000      0.02130   0.00150   0.0287
                                                    Mon.                                                                                

  Raisin            0.5932    0.5132    0.4800      Max.     0.4000    Avg.      0.4800       0.4000   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.1132
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Hops              1.5278    1.5278    1.3460      Max.     1.3460    Avg.      1.3460       1.3460   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.1818
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Lychee            0.0855    0.0855    0.0673      Max.     0.0673    Avg.      0.0673       0.0673   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0182
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Mango             0.0114    0.0114    0.0090      Max.     0.0090    Avg.      0.0090       0.0090   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0024
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Mayhaw            0.0419    0.0419    0.0335      Max.     0.0335    Avg.      0.0335       0.0335   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0084
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Bulb Vegetables   0.0142    0.0104    0.0121      Max.     0.0083    Avg.      0.0121       0.0083   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0021
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Green Onion       0.3350    0.3350    0.3229      Max.     0.3229    Avg.      0.3229       0.3229   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0121
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Okra              0.0570    0.0570    0.0449      Max.     0.0449    Avg.      0.0449       0.0449   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0121
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Peanut            0.0097    0.0053    0.0081      Max.     0.0037    Avg.      0.0081       0.0037   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0016
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Peanut Butter     0.0779    0.0266    0.0763      Max.     0.0250    Avg. Mon. 0.0081       0.0037   0.01000      0.07630   0.02500   0.0016
                                                    Mon.                                                                                

  Peppers           0.0717    0.0717    0.0478      Max.     0.0478    Avg.      0.0478       0.0478   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0239
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Peppermint        0.2153    0.2153    0.1435      Max.     0.1435    Avg.      0.1435       0.1435   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0718
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Pineapple         0.2192    0.1507    0.1411      Max.     0.0726    Avg.      0.1411       0.0726   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0781
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Sorghum           0.0094    0.0056    0.0081      Max.     0.0043    Avg.      0.0081       0.0043   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0013
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Soybean           0.0145    0.0145    0.0050      1/2 LOQ  0.0050    1/2 LOQ   0.0807       0.0290   0.01000      0.00290   0.00060   0.0095

  Spearmint         0.2153    0.2153    0.1435      Max.     0.1435    Avg.      0.1435       0.1435   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0718
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Stone Fruit-no    0.1158    0.0858    0.0957      Max.     0.0657    Avg.      0.0957       0.0657   0.21000      0.21000   0.21000   0.0201
  cherry                                            Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Cherry            0.2863    0.1824    0.2392      Max.     0.1353    Avg.      0.2392       0.1353   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0471
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Strawberry        0.0315    0.0315    0.0180      1/2 LOQ  0.0180    1/2 LOQ   0.0605       0.0422   0.03600      0.03600   0.03600   0.0135

  Sugar Beet        0.0152    0.0092    0.0121      Max.     0.0061    Avg.      0.0121       0.0061   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0031
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Sugar Beet        0.1520    0.0920    0.1210      Max.     0.0610    Avg.      0.1210       0.0610   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0310
  Molasses                                          Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Sunflower         0.0028    0.0028    0.0022      Max.     0.0022    Avg.      0.0022       0.0022   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0006
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Tomato            0.0122    0.0122    0.0050      1/2 LOQ  0.0050    1/2 LOQ   0.0144       0.0144   0.01000      0.01000   0.01000   0.0072

  Turnip            0.0228    0.0228    0.0180      Max.     0.0180    Avg.      0.0180       0.0180   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0048
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Turnip Greens     0.3638    0.3638    0.3590      Max.     0.3590    Avg.      0.3590       0.3590   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0048
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Tree Nuts         0.0048    0.0039    0.0040      Max.     0.0031    Avg.      0.0040       0.0031   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0008
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Almond            0.0186    0.0120    0.0164      Max.     0.0098    Avg.      0.0164       0.0098   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0022
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Pecan             0.0049    0.0049    0.0041      Max.     0.0041    Avg.      0.0041       0.0041   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0008
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Pistachio         0.0048    0.0039    0.0040      Max.     0.0031    Avg.      0.0040       0.0031   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0008
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Poultry Meat      0.0073    0.0051    0.0045      Max.     0.0023    Avg.      0.0045       0.0023   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0028
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Poultry Fat       0.0064    0.0038    0.0045      Max.     0.0019    Avg.      0.0045       0.0019   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0019
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Poultry Meat      0.0063    0.0036    0.0045      Max.     0.0018    Avg.      0.0045       0.0018   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0018
  Byprod.                                           Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Poultry Liver     0.0073    0.0056    0.0045      Max.     0.0028    Avg.      0.0045       0.0028   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0028
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Egg               0.0073    0.0056    0.0045      Max.     0.0028    Avg.      0.0045       0.0028   0.01000      0.00370   0.00050   0.0028
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Cattle Meat       0.0644    0.0254    0.0517      Max.     0.0127    Avg.      0.0517       0.0127   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0127
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Cattle Fat        0.0644    0.0323    0.0517      Max.     0.0196    Avg.      0.0517       0.0196   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0127
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Cattle Meat       0.0644    0.0253    0.0517      Max.     0.0126    Avg.      0.0517       0.0126   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0127
  Byprod.                                           Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Cattle Liver      0.6834    0.2236    0.5716      Max.     0.1118    Avg.      0.5716       0.1118   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.1118
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Cattle Kidney     0.0675    0.0316    0.0517      Max.     0.0158    Avg.      0.0517       0.0158   \-\--        \-\--     \-\--     0.0158
                                                    Calc'd             Calc'd                                                           

  Milk              0.0080    0.0052    0.0053      Max.     0.0025    Avg. Mon. 0.0071       0.0027   0.00500      0.00530   0.00140   0.0027
                                                    Mon.                                                                                
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

^1^ Values used in the dietary exposure assessment are a sum of the
selected acute or chronic residue estimate and the average indirect
residue estimate.

^2^ Values used to estimate direct ingestion of residues of
1,2,4-triazole. Values were selected from calculated data or monitoring
data as indicated.

^3^ Residue estimates and sources selected from calculated data or
monitoring data using the criteria discussed in Section 6.1.1.1.

^4^ Maximum or average residue estimates based on parent
triazole-derivative fungicide tolerances after compensating for
metabolic and molecular weight factors.

^5^ Residue data for 1,2,4-triazole from USDA Pesticide Data Program or
U.S. Triazole Task Force monitoring data.

^6^ Average indirect residue estimates based on parent
triazole-derivative fungicide tolerances after compensating for rat
metabolic and molecular weight factors.

*Drinking Water*. Residues of 1,2,4-triazole in drinking water were
provided to HED by the Environmental Fate and Effects Division (I.
Maher, DP 320682, In Preparation). Due to the inter-conversion between
1,2,4-triazole, triazole alanine, and triazole acetic acid that may
occur in the environment, the residue estimates used in these
assessments are a summation of all three residues and, therefore,
represent an overestimate of actual concentrations of 1,2,4-triazole in
drinking water. The Tier II PRZM/EXAMS (surface water) and SCIGROW
(groundwater) residue estimates are summarized in Table 2. HED notes
that there were no detects of 1,2,4-triazole in any of the 271 water
samples analyzed by PDP, with a limit of quantification of 730
parts-per-trillion (0.73 ppb).

  ---------------- -------------------------- ------------------------------
  Table 2. Summary                            
  of Estimated                                
  Drinking Water                              
  Concentrations                              
  of                                          
  1,2,4-Triazole                              

  Exposure         Surface Water              Groundwater Concentration, ppm
  Duration         Concentration, ppm         

  Acute            0.041                      0.001

  Chronic          0.011                      0.001
  ---------------- -------------------------- ------------------------------

**III. DEEM-FCIDJ Program and Consumption Information**

1,2,4-Triazole acute and chronic dietary exposure assessments were
conducted using the Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model software with the
Food Commodity Intake Database (DEEM-FCIDJ, Version 2.03), which
incorporates consumption data from USDA=s Continuing Surveys of Food
Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994-1996 and 1998. The 1994-96, 98 data
are based on the reported consumption of more than 20,000 individuals
over two non-consecutive survey days. Foods Aas consumed@ (e.g., apple
pie) are linked to EPA-defined food commodities (e.g. apples, peeled
fruit - cooked; fresh or N/S; baked; or wheat flour - cooked; fresh or
N/S, baked) using publicly available recipe translation files developed
jointly by USDA/ARS and EPA. For chronic exposure assessment,
consumption data are averaged for the entire U.S. population and within
population subgroups, but for acute exposure assessment are retained as
individual consumption events. Based on analysis of the 1994-96, 98
CSFII consumption data, which took into account dietary patterns and
survey respondents, HED concluded that it is most appropriate to report
risk for the following population subgroups: the general U.S.
population, all infants (\<1 year old), children 1-2, children 3-5,
children 6-12, youth 13-19, adults 20-49, females 13-49, and adults 50+
years old.

For chronic dietary exposure assessments, an estimate of the residue
level in each food or food-form (e.g., orange or orange juice) on the
food commodity residue list is multiplied by the average daily
consumption estimate for that food/food form. The resulting residue
consumption estimate for each food/food form is summed with the residue
consumption estimates for all other food/food forms on the commodity
residue list to arrive at the total average estimated exposure. Exposure
is expressed in mg/kg body weight/day and as a percent of the cPAD. This
procedure is performed for each population subgroup.

For acute exposure assessments, individual one-day food consumption data
are used on an individual-by-individual basis. The reported consumption
amounts of each food item can be multiplied by a residue point estimate
and summed to obtain a total daily pesticide exposure for a
deterministic exposure assessment, or Amatched@ in multiple random
pairings with residue values and then summed in a probabilistic
assessment. The resulting distribution of exposures is expressed as a
percentage of the aPAD on both a user (i.e., those who reported eating
relevant commodities/food forms) and a per-capita (i.e., those who
reported eating the relevant commodities as well as those who did not)
basis. In accordance with HED policy, per capita exposure and risk are
reported for all tiers of analysis. However, for Tiers 1 and 2,
significant differences in user vs. per capita exposure and risk are
identified and noted in the risk assessment.

**IV. Toxicological Information**

1,2,4-Triazole is a common metabolite of many triazole-derivative
fungicides. As a metabolite, there are no data requirements, *per se*,
for this compound. Nevertheless, a significant amount of toxicological
data is available and has been reviewed by HED. The following summary
table (Table 3) shows the doses selected for assessing dietary exposure
and their associated endpoints. Data are insufficient at this time to
assign a cancer classification to 1,2,4-triazole. Available data
indicate that cancers associated with 1,2,4-triazole are likely to be a
threshold effect and that a Q~1~^\*^ approach is not appropriate. An
RfD-approach for assessing cancer has been recommended. As such, the
chronic exposure assessment is considered to be protective of any
potential cancer-related effects.

+----------+----------------+--------------+--------------------------+
| Table 3. |                |              |                          |
| Summary  |                |              |                          |
| of       |                |              |                          |
| Toxic    |                |              |                          |
| ological |                |              |                          |
| Doses    |                |              |                          |
| and      |                |              |                          |
| E        |                |              |                          |
| ndpoints |                |              |                          |
| for      |                |              |                          |
| 1,2,4-   |                |              |                          |
| Triazole |                |              |                          |
| for Use  |                |              |                          |
| in       |                |              |                          |
| Dietary  |                |              |                          |
| Risk     |                |              |                          |
| Asse     |                |              |                          |
| ssments. |                |              |                          |
+==========+================+==============+==========================+
| Exposure | Dose Used in   | Special FQPA | Study and Toxicological  |
| Scenario | Risk           | SF\* and     | Effects                  |
|          | Assessment, UF | Level of     |                          |
|          |                | Concern for  |                          |
|          |                | Risk         |                          |
|          |                | Assessment   |                          |
+----------+----------------+--------------+--------------------------+
| Acute    | NOAEL = 30     | FQPA SF = 1  | **Developmental Toxicity |
| Dietary  | mg/kg          |              | study in rabbits**       |
|          |                | **aPAD** =   |                          |
| (females | UF=1000        | [acute       | LOAEL=45 mg/kg based on  |
| 13-49)   |                | RfD]         | urinary tract            |
|          | **Acute RfD**= | {.underline} | malformations in fetuses |
|          | 0.03 mg/kg     |              |                          |
|          |                | FQPA SF      |                          |
|          |                |              |                          |
|          |                | = 0.03       |                          |
|          |                | mg/kg/day    |                          |
+----------+----------------+--------------+--------------------------+
| Acute    | NOAEL = 30     | FQPA SF = 1  | **Developmental Toxicity |
| Dietary  | mg/kg          |              | study in rabbits**       |
|          |                | **aPAD** =   |                          |
| (general | UF=1000        | [acute       | LOAEL=45 mg/kg based on  |
| pop      |                | RfD]         | clinical signs and       |
| ulation) | **Acute RfD**= | {.underline} | mortality in does        |
|          | 0.03 mg/kg     |              | starting on Gestation    |
|          |                | FQPA SF      | Day 6 or 7               |
|          |                |              |                          |
|          |                | = 0.03       |                          |
|          |                | mg/kg/day    |                          |
+----------+----------------+--------------+--------------------------+
| Chronic  | LOAEL = 15     | FQPA SF =1   | **Reproductive Toxicity  |
| Dietary  |                |              | study in rats**          |
|          | mg/kg/day      | **cPAD** =   |                          |
| (all     |                | [chronic     | LOAEL = 15 based on      |
| popu     | UF =3000       | RfD]         | decreased body weight in |
| lations) |                | {.underline} | adult males and on       |
|          | **Chronic      |              | decreased body weight    |
|          | RfD** = 0.005  | FQPA SF      | and brain weight in      |
|          | mg/kg/day      |              | offspring                |
|          |                | =0.005       |                          |
|          |                | mg/kg/day    |                          |
+----------+----------------+--------------+--------------------------+
| Cancer   | Insufficient   |              |                          |
|          | data for a     |              |                          |
|          | cancer         |              |                          |
|          | c              |              |                          |
|          | lassification. |              |                          |
|          | Based on the   |              |                          |
|          | available      |              |                          |
|          | information,   |              |                          |
|          | HED believes   |              |                          |
|          | that an RfD    |              |                          |
|          | approach is    |              |                          |
|          | appropriate    |              |                          |
|          | and that the   |              |                          |
|          | cPAD is        |              |                          |
|          | sufficient to  |              |                          |
|          | assess cancer  |              |                          |
|          | risk.          |              |                          |
+----------+----------------+--------------+--------------------------+

**V. Results/Discussion**

*Acute Dietary Exposure Analysis*. The results of the acute dietary
exposure analysis are summarized in Table 4. As shown in the table, risk
estimates for all population subgroups are below HED's level of concern
at all presented percentiles of exposure. Based on the conservative
nature of this assessment, the 95^th^ percentile is the most appropriate
for regulatory purposes. At that percentile, the maximum exposure and
risk estimates are for the infant population subgroup. The acute risk
estimate for this group is approximately 32% of the aPAD. Risk estimates
for all other representative population subgroups are less than 25%
aPAD. For these exposure estimates, approximately half of the exposure
is attributable to food alone (data not shown).

  ----------------- ----------- ----------- -------- ---------- ----------- -------- ----------
  Table 4. Acute                                                                     
  Dietary (Food +                                                                    
  Water) Direct and                                                                  
  Indirect Exposure                                                                  
  and Risk                                                                           
  Estimates for                                                                      
  1,2,4-Triazole.                                                                    

  Population        aPAD,       Exposure                        Risk                 
  Subgroup          mg/kg/day   Estimate,                       Estimate,            
                                mg/kg/day                       %aPAD                

                                95^th^ %ile 99^th^   99.9^th^   95^th^ %ile 99^th^   99.9^th^
                                            %ile     %ile                   %ile     %ile

  U.S. Population   0.03        0.0036      0.0060   0.0108     12          20       36
  (total)                                                                            

  All infants (\< 1 0.03        0.0096      0.0130   0.0212     32          43       71
  year)                                                                              

  Children 1-2 yrs  0.03        0.0072      0.0107   0.0145     24          36       48

  Children 3-5 yrs  0.03        0.0059      0.0085   0.0144     20          28       48

  Children 6-12 yrs 0.03        0.0038      0.0054   0.0082     13          18       27

  Youth 13-19 yrs   0.03        0.0027      0.0044   0.0067     9           15       22

  Adults 20-49 yrs  0.03        0.0028      0.0044   0.0069     9           15       23

  Adults 50+ yrs    0.03        0.0025      0.0034   0.0056     8           11       19

  Females 13-49 yrs 0.03        0.0028      0.0043   0.0067     9           14       22
  ----------------- ----------- ----------- -------- ---------- ----------- -------- ----------

*Chronic Dietary Exposure Analysis*. The results of the chronic dietary
exposure analysis are summarized in Table 5. As with the acute
assessment, risk estimates for all population subgroups are below HED's
level of concern. For the chronic assessment, the population subgroup
children aged 1 to 2 years has the highest exposure and risk estimates
(39% of the cPAD). Risk estimates for other population groups range from
approximately 11% to 31% of the cPAD. For these exposure estimates,
approximately three quarters comes from food alone (data not shown).

  ----------------- --------------- -------------------- -------------------
  Table 5. Chronic                                       
  Dietary (Food +                                        
  Water) Direct and                                      
  Indirect Exposure                                      
  and Risk                                               
  Estimates for                                          
  1,2,4-Triazole.                                        

  Population        cPAD,           Exposure Estimate,   Risk Estimate, %
  Subgroup          mg/kg/day^\*^   mg/kg/day            cPAD

  U.S. Population   0.005           0.00069              14
  (total)                                                

  All infants (\< 1 0.005           0.00156              31
  year)                                                  

  Children 1-2 yrs  0.005           0.00196              39

  Children 3-5 yrs  0.005           0.00149              30

  Children 6-12 yrs 0.005           0.00088              18

  Youth 13-19 yrs   0.005           0.00054              11

  Adults 20-49 yrs  0.005           0.00055              11

  Adults 50+ yrs    0.005           0.00055              11

  Females 13-49 yrs 0.005           0.00054              11
  ----------------- --------------- -------------------- -------------------

**VI. Characterization of Inputs/Outputs**

Although these dietary exposure assessments are principally based on
anticipated residues, the data, selection criteria, and assumptions that
serve as the source of those residues are conservative in nature. Most
residue estimates used in the assessments are derived from
tolerance-level residues and it was assumed that 100% of foods with a
triazole-derivative-fungicide tolerance have residues of 1,2,4-triazole.
Furthermore, the residue estimates for drinking water include the
1,2,4-triazole-conjugates, triazole alanine and triazole acetic acid, as
well as 1,2,4-triazole itself. Overall, this assessment is considered to
be conservative and likely overestimates actual direct and indirect
dietary exposure to 1,2,4-triazole. Reviewed field trial data depicting
measured residues of 1,2,4-triazole in foods are likely to be available
as HED progresses with evaluation of new-use and new-active-ingredient
petitions. Use of these data, as well as incorporation of the entire
distribution of monitoring data, will result in more realistic dietary
exposure and risk estimates and may be useful if exposure and risk
estimates require refinement.

**VII. Conclusions**

Based on conservative estimates of direct and indirect dietary exposure
to 1,2,4-triazole, acute and chronic risk estimates for the general U.S.
population and all representative population subgroups, including those
of infants and children, are well below HED's level of concern.

**VIII. List of Attachments**

1.  Acute Food plus Water Residue Input File.

2.  Chronic Food plus Water Residue Input File.

3.  Acute Dietary Results Summary.

4.  Chronic Dietary Results Summary.

Acute Food plus Water Residue Input File.

Filename: C:\\Documents and Settings\\MDOHERTY\\My Documents\\Chemistry
Reviews\\DEEM Runs\\Triazoles\\Acute Dir and Indir Food and Water.R98

Chemical: 1,2,4-Triazole

RfD(Chronic): .005 mg/kg bw/day NOEL(Chronic): 0 mg/kg bw/day

RfD(Acute): .03 mg/kg bw/day NOEL(Acute): 0 mg/kg bw/day

Date created/last modified: 11-01-2005/10:32:14/8 Program ver. 2.03

Comment: RfDs are PADs. aPAD for Females 13-49, Infants, and children =
0.03 mg/kg/day

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

EPA Crop Def Res Adj.Factors Comment

Code Grp Commodity Name (ppm) #1 #2

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\--
\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--
\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-\--

14000030 14 Almond 0.018600 1.000 1.000

14000031 14 Almond-babyfood 0.018600 1.000 1.000

14000040 14 Almond, oil 0.018600 1.000 1.000

14000041 14 Almond, oil-babyfood 0.018600 1.000 1.000

11000070 11 Apple, fruit with peel 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11000080 11 Apple, peeled fruit 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11000081 11 Apple, peeled fruit-babyfood 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11000090 11 Apple, dried 0.025300 8.000 1.000

11000091 11 Apple, dried-babyfood 0.025300 8.000 1.000

11000100 11 Apple, juice 0.025300 1.300 1.000

11000101 11 Apple, juice-babyfood 0.025300 1.300 1.000

11000110 11 Apple, sauce 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11000111 11 Apple, sauce-babyfood 0.025300 1.000 1.000

12000120 12 Apricot 0.115800 1.000 1.000

12000121 12 Apricot-babyfood 0.115800 1.000 1.000

12000130 12 Apricot, dried 0.115800 6.000 1.000

12000140 12 Apricot, juice 0.115800 1.000 1.000

12000141 12 Apricot, juice-babyfood 0.115800 1.000 1.000

95000160 O Artichoke, globe 0.075300 1.000 1.000

95000190 O Asparagus 0.009900 1.000 1.000

09020210 9B Balsam pear 0.012600 1.000 1.000

95000230 O Banana 0.023800 1.000 1.000

95000231 O Banana-babyfood 0.023800 1.000 1.000

95000240 O Banana, dried 0.023800 3.900 1.000

95000241 O Banana, dried-babyfood 0.023800 3.900 1.000

15000250 15 Barley, pearled barley 0.005500 1.000 1.000

15000251 15 Barley, pearled barley-babyfood 0.005500 1.000 1.000

15000260 15 Barley, flour 0.005500 1.000 1.000

15000261 15 Barley, flour-babyfood 0.005500 1.000 1.000

15000270 15 Barley, bran 0.005500 1.000 1.000

06030300 6C Bean, black, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06020310 6B Bean, broad, succulent 0.056800 1.000 1.000

06030320 6C Bean, broad, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06020330 6B Bean, cowpea, succulent 0.056800 1.000 1.000

06030340 6C Bean, cowpea, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06030350 6C Bean, great northern, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06030360 6C Bean, kidney, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06020370 6B Bean, lima, succulent 0.056800 1.000 1.000

06030380 6C Bean, lima, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06030390 6C Bean, mung, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06030400 6C Bean, navy, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06030410 6C Bean, pink, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06030420 6C Bean, pinto, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06010430 6A Bean, snap, succulent 0.056800 1.000 1.000

06010431 6A Bean, snap, succulent-babyfood 0.056800 1.000 1.000

21000440 M Beef, meat 0.064400 1.000 1.000

21000441 M Beef, meat-babyfood 0.064400 1.000 1.000

21000450 M Beef, meat, dried 0.064400 1.920 1.000

21000460 M Beef, meat byproducts 0.064400 1.000 1.000

21000461 M Beef, meat byproducts-babyfood 0.064400 1.000 1.000

21000470 M Beef, fat 0.064400 1.000 1.000

21000471 M Beef,fat-babyfood 0.064400 1.000 1.000

21000480 M Beef, kidney 0.067500 1.000 1.000

21000490 M Beef, liver 0.683400 1.000 1.000

21000491 M Beef, liver-babyfood 0.683400 1.000 1.000

01010520 1A Beet, sugar 0.015200 1.000 1.000

01010521 1A Beet, sugar-babyfood 0.015200 1.000 1.000

01010530 1A Beet, sugar, molasses 0.152000 1.000 1.000

01010531 1A Beet, sugar, molasses-babyfood 0.152000 1.000 1.000

13010550 13A Blackberry 0.149500 1.000 1.000

13010560 13A Blackberry, juice 0.149500 1.000 1.000

13010561 13A Blackberry, juice-babyfood 0.149500 1.000 1.000

13020570 13B Blueberry 0.046200 1.000 1.000

13020571 13B Blueberry-babyfood 0.046200 1.000 1.000

13010580 13A Boysenberry 0.149500 1.000 1.000

14000590 14 Brazil nut 0.004800 1.000 1.000

15000650 15 Buckwheat 0.005300 1.000 1.000

15000660 15 Buckwheat, flour 0.005300 1.000 1.000

14000680 14 Butternut 0.004800 1.000 1.000

09010750 9A Cantaloupe 0.012600 1.000 1.000

04020760 4B Cardoon 0.252300 1.000 1.000

01010780 1AB Carrot 0.010100 1.000 1.000

01010781 1AB Carrot-babyfood 0.010100 1.000 1.000

01010790 1AB Carrot, juice 0.010100 1.000 1.000

09010800 9A Casaba 0.012600 1.000 1.000

14000810 14 Cashew 0.004800 1.000 1.000

04020850 4B Celery 0.252300 1.000 1.000

04020851 4B Celery-babyfood 0.252300 1.000 1.000

04020860 4B Celery, juice 0.252300 1.000 1.000

04020870 4B Celtuce 0.252300 1.000 1.000

09020880 9B Chayote, fruit 0.012600 1.000 1.000

12000900 12 Cherry 0.286300 1.000 1.000

12000901 12 Cherry-babyfood 0.286300 1.000 1.000

12000910 12 Cherry, juice 0.286300 1.500 1.000

12000911 12 Cherry, juice-babyfood 0.286300 1.500 1.000

14000920 14 Chestnut 0.004800 1.000 1.000

40000930 P Chicken, meat 0.007300 1.000 1.000

40000931 P Chicken, meat-babyfood 0.007300 1.000 1.000

40000940 P Chicken, liver 0.007300 1.000 1.000

40000950 P Chicken, meat byproducts 0.006300 1.000 1.000

40000951 P Chicken, meat byproducts-babyfoo 0.006300 1.000 1.000

40000960 P Chicken, fat 0.006400 1.000 1.000

40000961 P Chicken, fat-babyfood 0.006400 1.000 1.000

40000970 P Chicken, skin 0.006400 1.000 1.000

40000971 P Chicken, skin-babyfood 0.006400 1.000 1.000

06030980 6C Chickpea, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06030981 6C Chickpea, seed-babyfood 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06030990 6C Chickpea, flour 0.023000 1.000 1.000

09021020 9B Chinese waxgourd 0.012600 1.000 1.000

10001060 10 Citrus citron 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10001070 10 Citrus hybrids 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10001080 10 Citrus, oil 0.043600 1.000 1.000

95001150 O Coffee, roasted bean 0.041100 1.000 1.000

95001160 O Coffee, instant 0.041100 1.000 1.000

15001200 15 Corn, field, flour 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15001201 15 Corn, field, flour-babyfood 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15001210 15 Corn, field, meal 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15001211 15 Corn, field, meal-babyfood 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15001220 15 Corn, field, bran 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15001230 15 Corn, field, starch 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15001231 15 Corn, field, starch-babyfood 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15001240 15 Corn, field, syrup 0.005200 1.500 1.000

15001241 15 Corn, field, syrup-babyfood 0.005200 1.500 1.000

15001250 15 Corn, field, oil 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15001251 15 Corn, field, oil-babyfood 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15001260 15 Corn, pop 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15001270 15 Corn, sweet 0.005100 1.000 1.000

15001271 15 Corn, sweet-babyfood 0.005100 1.000 1.000

95001280 O Cottonseed, oil 0.096500 1.000 1.000

95001281 O Cottonseed, oil-babyfood 0.096500 1.000 1.000

11001290 11 Crabapple 0.025300 1.000 1.000

95001300 O Cranberry 0.046000 1.000 1.000

95001301 O Cranberry-babyfood 0.046000 1.000 1.000

95001310 O Cranberry, dried 0.046000 4.000 1.000

95001320 O Cranberry, juice 0.046000 1.100 1.000

95001321 O Cranberry, juice-babyfood 0.046000 1.100 1.000

09021350 9B Cucumber 0.012600 1.000 1.000

13021360 13B Currant 0.184400 1.000 1.000

13021370 13B Currant, dried 0.184400 1.000 1.000

13011420 13A Dewberry 0.149500 1.000 1.000

70001450 P Egg, whole 0.007300 1.000 1.000

70001451 P Egg, whole-babyfood 0.007300 1.000 1.000

70001460 P Egg, white 0.007300 1.000 1.000

70001461 P Egg, white (solids)-babyfood 0.007300 1.000 1.000

70001470 P Egg, yolk 0.007300 1.000 1.000

70001471 P Egg, yolk-babyfood 0.007300 1.000 1.000

13021490 13B Elderberry 0.050500 1.000 1.000

04021520 4B Fennel, Florence 0.252300 1.000 1.000

14001550 14 Filbert 0.004800 1.000 1.000

14001560 14 Filbert, oil 0.004800 1.000 1.000

03001640 3 Garlic 0.014200 1.000 1.000

03001650 3 Garlic, dried 0.014200 1.000 1.000

03001651 3 Garlic, dried-babyfood 0.014200 1.000 1.000

23001690 M Goat, meat 0.064400 1.000 1.000

23001700 M Goat, meat byproducts 0.064400 1.000 1.000

23001710 M Goat, fat 0.064400 1.000 1.000

23001720 M Goat, kidney 0.067500 1.000 1.000

23001730 M Goat, liver 0.683400 1.000 1.000

13021740 13B Gooseberry 0.046200 1.000 1.000

95001750 O Grape 0.050000 1.000 1.000

95001760 O Grape, juice 0.050000 1.200 1.000

95001761 O Grape, juice-babyfood 0.050000 1.200 1.000

95001770 O Grape, leaves 0.050000 1.000 1.000

95001780 O Grape, raisin 0.593200 1.000 1.000

95001790 O Grape, wine and sherry 0.050000 1.200 1.000

10001800 10 Grapefruit 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10001810 10 Grapefruit, juice 0.043600 2.100 1.000

06031820 6C Guar, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06031821 6C Guar, seed-babyfood 0.023000 1.000 1.000

14001850 14 Hickory nut 0.004800 1.000 1.000

09011870 9A Honeydew melon 0.012600 1.000 1.000

95001880 O Hop 1.527800 1.000 1.000

24001890 M Horse, meat 0.064400 1.000 1.000

13021910 13B Huckleberry 0.046200 1.000 1.000

10001970 10 Kumquat 0.043600 1.000 1.000

03001980 3 Leek 0.014200 1.000 1.000

10001990 10 Lemon 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10002000 10 Lemon, juice 0.043600 2.000 1.000

10002001 10 Lemon, juice-babyfood 0.043600 2.000 1.000

10002010 10 Lemon, peel 0.043600 1.000 1.000

06032030 6C Lentil, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

10002060 10 Lime 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10002070 10 Lime, juice 0.043600 2.000 1.000

10002071 10 Lime, juice-babyfood 0.043600 2.000 1.000

13012080 13A Loganberry 0.149500 1.000 1.000

11002100 11 Loquat 0.025300 1.000 1.000

95002110 O Lychee 0.085500 1.000 1.000

95002120 O Lychee, dried 0.085500 1.850 1.000

14002130 14 Macadamia nut 0.004800 1.000 1.000

95002150 O Mango 0.011400 1.000 1.000

95002151 O Mango-babyfood 0.011400 1.000 1.000

95002160 O Mango, dried 0.011400 1.000 1.000

95002170 O Mango, juice 0.011400 1.000 1.000

95002171 O Mango, juice-babyfood 0.011400 1.000 1.000

28002210 M Meat, game 0.064400 1.000 1.000

27002220 D Milk, fat 0.008000 1.000 1.000

27002221 D Milk, fat - baby food/infant for 0.008000 1.000 1.000

27012230 D Milk, nonfat solids 0.008000 1.000 1.000

27012231 D Milk, nonfat solids-baby food/in 0.008000 1.000 1.000

27022240 D Milk, water 0.008000 1.000 1.000

27022241 D Milk, water-babyfood/infant form 0.008000 1.000 1.000

27032251 D Milk, sugar (lactose)-baby food/ 0.008000 1.000 1.000

15002260 15 Millet, grain 0.005300 1.000 1.000

12002300 12 Nectarine 0.115800 1.000 1.000

15002310 15 Oat, bran 0.005600 1.000 1.000

15002320 15 Oat, flour 0.005600 1.000 1.000

15002321 15 Oat, flour-babyfood 0.005600 1.000 1.000

15002330 15 Oat, groats/rolled oats 0.005600 1.000 1.000

15002331 15 Oat, groats/rolled oats-babyfood 0.005600 1.000 1.000

08002340 8 Okra 0.057000 1.000 1.000

03002370 3 Onion, dry bulb 0.014200 1.000 1.000

03002371 3 Onion, dry bulb-babyfood 0.014200 1.000 1.000

03002380 3 Onion, dry bulb, dried 0.014200 9.000 1.000

03002381 3 Onion, dry bulb, dried-babyfood 0.014200 9.000 1.000

03002390 3 Onion, green 0.335000 1.000 1.000

10002400 10 Orange 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10002410 10 Orange, juice 0.043600 1.800 1.000

10002411 10 Orange, juice-babyfood 0.043600 1.800 1.000

10002420 10 Orange, peel 0.043600 1.000 1.000

06022550 6B Pea, succulent 0.056800 1.000 1.000

06022551 6B Pea, succulent-babyfood 0.056800 1.000 1.000

06032560 6C Pea, dry 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06032561 6C Pea, dry-babyfood 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06012570 6A Pea, edible podded, succulent 0.056800 1.000 1.000

06032580 6C Pea, pigeon, seed 0.023000 1.000 1.000

06022590 6B Pea, pigeon, succulent 0.056800 1.000 1.000

12002600 12 Peach 0.115800 1.000 1.000

12002601 12 Peach-babyfood 0.115800 1.000 1.000

12002610 12 Peach, dried 0.115800 7.000 1.000

12002611 12 Peach, dried-babyfood 0.115800 7.000 1.000

12002620 12 Peach, juice 0.115800 1.000 1.000

12002621 12 Peach, juice-babyfood 0.115800 1.000 1.000

95002630 O Peanut 0.009700 1.000 1.000

95002640 O Peanut, butter 0.077900 1.000 1.000

95002650 O Peanut, oil 0.077900 1.000 1.000

11002660 11 Pear 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11002661 11 Pear-babyfood 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11002670 11 Pear, dried 0.025300 6.250 1.000

11002680 11 Pear, juice 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11002681 11 Pear, juice-babyfood 0.025300 1.000 1.000

14002690 14 Pecan 0.004900 1.000 1.000

08002700 8 Pepper, bell 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002701 8 Pepper, bell-babyfood 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002710 8 Pepper, bell, dried 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002711 8 Pepper, bell, dried-babyfood 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002720 8 Pepper, nonbell 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002721 8 Pepper, nonbell-babyfood 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002730 8 Pepper, nonbell, dried 0.071700 1.000 1.000

95002750 O Peppermint 0.215300 1.000 1.000

95002760 O Peppermint, oil 0.215300 1.000 1.000

95002790 O Pineapple 0.219200 1.000 1.000

95002791 O Pineapple-babyfood 0.219200 1.000 1.000

95002800 O Pineapple, dried 0.219200 5.000 1.000

95002810 O Pineapple, juice 0.219200 1.700 1.000

95002811 O Pineapple, juice-babyfood 0.219200 1.700 1.000

14002820 14 Pistachio 0.004800 1.000 1.000

95002830 O Plantain 0.023800 1.000 1.000

95002840 O Plantain, dried 0.023800 3.900 1.000

12002850 12 Plum 0.115800 1.000 1.000

12002851 12 Plum-babyfood 0.115800 1.000 1.000

12002860 12 Plum, prune, fresh 0.115800 1.000 1.000

12002861 12 Plum, prune, fresh-babyfood 0.115800 1.000 1.000

12002870 12 Plum, prune, dried 0.115800 5.000 1.000

12002871 12 Plum, prune, dried-babyfood 0.115800 5.000 1.000

12002880 12 Plum, prune, juice 0.115800 1.400 1.000

12002881 12 Plum, prune, juice-babyfood 0.115800 1.400 1.000

25002900 M Pork, meat 0.064400 1.000 1.000

25002901 M Pork, meat-babyfood 0.064400 1.000 1.000

25002910 M Pork, skin 0.064400 1.000 1.000

25002920 M Pork, meat byproducts 0.064400 1.000 1.000

25002921 M Pork, meat byproducts-babyfood 0.064400 1.000 1.000

25002930 M Pork, fat 0.064400 1.000 1.000

25002931 M Pork, fat-babyfood 0.064400 1.000 1.000

25002940 M Pork, kidney 0.067500 1.000 1.000

25002950 M Pork, liver 0.683400 1.000 1.000

60003010 P Poultry, other, meat 0.007300 1.000 1.000

60003020 P Poultry, other, liver 0.007300 1.000 1.000

60003030 P Poultry, other, meat byproducts 0.006300 1.000 1.000

60003040 P Poultry, other, fat 0.006400 1.000 1.000

60003050 P Poultry, other, skin 0.006400 1.000 1.000

10003070 10 Pummelo 0.043600 1.000 1.000

09023080 9B Pumpkin 0.012600 1.000 1.000

09023090 9B Pumpkin, seed 0.012600 1.000 1.000

11003100 11 Quince 0.025300 1.000 1.000

29003120 M Rabbit, meat 0.064400 1.000 1.000

20003190 20 Rapeseed, oil 0.010000 1.000 1.000

13013200 13A Raspberry 0.149500 1.000 1.000

13013201 13A Raspberry-babyfood 0.149500 1.000 1.000

13013210 13A Raspberry, juice 0.149500 1.000 1.000

13013211 13A Raspberry, juice-babyfood 0.149500 1.000 1.000

04023220 4B Rhubarb 0.252300 1.000 1.000

15003230 15 Rice, white 0.307300 1.000 1.000

15003231 15 Rice, white-babyfood 0.307300 1.000 1.000

15003240 15 Rice, brown 0.307300 1.000 1.000

15003241 15 Rice, brown-babyfood 0.307300 1.000 1.000

15003250 15 Rice, flour 0.307300 1.000 1.000

15003251 15 Rice, flour-babyfood 0.307300 1.000 1.000

15003260 15 Rice, bran 0.307300 1.000 1.000

15003261 15 Rice, bran-babyfood 0.307300 1.000 1.000

15003280 15 Rye, grain 0.005800 1.000 1.000

15003290 15 Rye, flour 0.005800 1.000 1.000

03003380 3 Shallot 0.014200 1.000 1.000

26003390 M Sheep, meat 0.064400 1.000 1.000

26003391 M Sheep, meat-babyfood 0.064400 1.000 1.000

26003400 M Sheep, meat byproducts 0.064400 1.000 1.000

26003410 M Sheep, fat 0.064400 1.000 1.000

26003411 M Sheep, fat-babyfood 0.064400 1.000 1.000

26003420 M Sheep, kidney 0.067500 1.000 1.000

26003430 M Sheep, liver 0.683400 1.000 1.000

15003440 15 Sorghum, grain 0.009400 1.000 1.000

15003450 15 Sorghum, syrup 0.009400 1.000 1.000

06003470 6 Soybean, seed 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003480 6 Soybean, flour 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003481 6 Soybean, flour-babyfood 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003490 6 Soybean, soy milk 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003491 6 Soybean, soy milk-babyfood or in 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003500 6 Soybean, oil 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003501 6 Soybean, oil-babyfood 0.014500 1.000 1.000

95003520 O Spearmint 0.215300 1.000 1.000

95003530 O Spearmint, oil 0.215300 1.000 1.000

09023560 9B Squash, summer 0.012600 1.000 1.000

09023561 9B Squash, summer-babyfood 0.012600 1.000 1.000

09023570 9B Squash, winter 0.012600 1.000 1.000

09023571 9B Squash, winter-babyfood 0.012600 1.000 1.000

95003590 O Strawberry 0.031500 1.000 1.000

95003591 O Strawberry-babyfood 0.031500 1.000 1.000

95003600 O Strawberry, juice 0.031500 1.000 1.000

95003601 O Strawberry, juice-babyfood 0.031500 1.000 1.000

20003640 20 Sunflower, seed 0.002800 1.000 1.000

20003650 20 Sunflower, oil 0.002800 1.000 1.000

20003651 20 Sunflower, oil-babyfood 0.002800 1.000 1.000

04023670 4B Swiss chard 0.252300 1.000 1.000

10003690 10 Tangerine 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10003700 10 Tangerine, juice 0.043600 2.300 1.000

08003740 8 Tomatillo 0.012200 1.000 1.000

08003750 8 Tomato 0.012200 1.000 1.000

08003751 8 Tomato-babyfood 0.012200 1.000 1.000

08003760 8 Tomato, paste 0.012200 5.400 1.000

08003761 8 Tomato, paste-babyfood 0.012200 5.400 1.000

08003770 8 Tomato, puree 0.012200 3.300 1.000

08003771 8 Tomato, puree-babyfood 0.012200 3.300 1.000

08003780 8 Tomato, dried 0.012200 14.300 1.000

08003781 8 Tomato, dried-babyfood 0.012200 14.300 1.000

08003790 8 Tomato, juice 0.012200 1.500 1.000

15003810 15 Triticale, flour 0.005300 1.000 1.000

15003811 15 Triticale, flour-babyfood 0.005300 1.000 1.000

50003820 P Turkey, meat 0.007300 1.000 1.000

50003821 P Turkey, meat-babyfood 0.007300 1.000 1.000

50003830 P Turkey, liver 0.007300 1.000 1.000

50003831 P Turkey, liver-babyfood 0.007300 1.000 1.000

50003840 P Turkey, meat byproducts 0.006300 1.000 1.000

50003841 P Turkey, meat byproducts-babyfood 0.006300 1.000 1.000

50003850 P Turkey, fat 0.006400 1.000 1.000

50003851 P Turkey, fat-babyfood 0.006400 1.000 1.000

50003860 P Turkey, skin 0.006400 1.000 1.000

50003861 P Turkey, skin-babyfood 0.006400 1.000 1.000

05023890 5B Turnip, greens 0.363800 1.000 1.000

01013880 1AB Turnip, roots 0.022800 1.000 1.000

14003910 14 Walnut 0.004800 1.000 1.000

86010000 O Water, direct, all sources 0.041000 1.000 1.000

86020000 O Water, indirect, all sources 0.041000 1.000 1.000

09013990 9A Watermelon 0.012600 1.000 1.000

09014000 9A Watermelon, juice 0.012600 1.000 1.000

15004010 15 Wheat, grain 0.005300 1.000 1.000

15004011 15 Wheat, grain-babyfood 0.005300 1.000 1.000

15004020 15 Wheat, flour 0.005300 1.000 1.000

15004021 15 Wheat, flour-babyfood 0.005300 1.000 1.000

15004030 15 Wheat, germ 0.005300 1.000 1.000

15004040 15 Wheat, bran 0.005300 1.000 1.000

15004050 15 Wild rice 0.025200 1.000 1.000

Chronic Food plus Water Residue Input File.

Filename: C:\\Documents and Settings\\MDOHERTY\\My Documents\\Chemistry
Reviews\\DEEM Runs\\Triazoles\\Chronic Dir and Indir Food and Water.R98

Chemical: 1,2,4-Triazole

RfD(Chronic): .005 mg/kg bw/day NOEL(Chronic): 0 mg/kg bw/day

RfD(Acute): .03 mg/kg bw/day NOEL(Acute): 0 mg/kg bw/day

Date created/last modified: 10-05-2005/11:26:29/8 Program ver. 2.03

Comment: RfDs are PADs. aPAD for Females 13-49, Infants, and children =
0.03 mg/kg/day

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

EPA Crop Def Res Adj.Factors Comment

Code Grp Commodity Name (ppm) #1 #2

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\--
\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--
\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-\--

14000030 14 Almond 0.012000 1.000 1.000

14000031 14 Almond-babyfood 0.012000 1.000 1.000

14000040 14 Almond, oil 0.012000 1.000 1.000

14000041 14 Almond, oil-babyfood 0.012000 1.000 1.000

11000070 11 Apple, fruit with peel 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11000080 11 Apple, peeled fruit 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11000081 11 Apple, peeled fruit-babyfood 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11000090 11 Apple, dried 0.025300 8.000 1.000

11000091 11 Apple, dried-babyfood 0.025300 8.000 1.000

11000100 11 Apple, juice 0.025300 1.300 1.000

11000101 11 Apple, juice-babyfood 0.025300 1.300 1.000

11000110 11 Apple, sauce 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11000111 11 Apple, sauce-babyfood 0.025300 1.000 1.000

12000120 12 Apricot 0.085800 1.000 1.000

12000121 12 Apricot-babyfood 0.085800 1.000 1.000

12000130 12 Apricot, dried 0.085800 6.000 1.000

12000140 12 Apricot, juice 0.085800 1.000 1.000

12000141 12 Apricot, juice-babyfood 0.085800 1.000 1.000

95000160 O Artichoke, globe 0.065500 1.000 1.000

95000190 O Asparagus 0.005600 1.000 1.000

09020210 9B Balsam pear 0.010000 1.000 1.000

95000230 O Banana 0.023800 1.000 1.000

95000231 O Banana-babyfood 0.023800 1.000 1.000

95000240 O Banana, dried 0.023800 3.900 1.000

95000241 O Banana, dried-babyfood 0.023800 3.900 1.000

15000250 15 Barley, pearled barley 0.004300 1.000 1.000

15000251 15 Barley, pearled barley-babyfood 0.004300 1.000 1.000

15000260 15 Barley, flour 0.004300 1.000 1.000

15000261 15 Barley, flour-babyfood 0.004300 1.000 1.000

15000270 15 Barley, bran 0.004300 1.000 1.000

06030300 6C Bean, black, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06020310 6B Bean, broad, succulent 0.029100 1.000 1.000

06030320 6C Bean, broad, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06020330 6B Bean, cowpea, succulent 0.029100 1.000 1.000

06030340 6C Bean, cowpea, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06030350 6C Bean, great northern, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06030360 6C Bean, kidney, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06020370 6B Bean, lima, succulent 0.029100 1.000 1.000

06030380 6C Bean, lima, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06030390 6C Bean, mung, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06030400 6C Bean, navy, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06030410 6C Bean, pink, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06030420 6C Bean, pinto, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06010430 6A Bean, snap, succulent 0.029100 1.000 1.000

06010431 6A Bean, snap, succulent-babyfood 0.029100 1.000 1.000

21000440 M Beef, meat 0.025400 1.000 1.000

21000441 M Beef, meat-babyfood 0.025400 1.000 1.000

21000450 M Beef, meat, dried 0.025400 1.920 1.000

21000460 M Beef, meat byproducts 0.025300 1.000 1.000

21000461 M Beef, meat byproducts-babyfood 0.025300 1.000 1.000

21000470 M Beef, fat 0.032300 1.000 1.000

21000471 M Beef,fat-babyfood 0.032300 1.000 1.000

21000480 M Beef, kidney 0.031600 1.000 1.000

21000490 M Beef, liver 0.223600 1.000 1.000

21000491 M Beef, liver-babyfood 0.223600 1.000 1.000

01010520 1A Beet, sugar 0.009200 1.000 1.000

01010521 1A Beet, sugar-babyfood 0.009200 1.000 1.000

01010530 1A Beet, sugar, molasses 0.092000 1.000 1.000

01010531 1A Beet, sugar, molasses-babyfood 0.092000 1.000 1.000

13010550 13A Blackberry 0.130500 1.000 1.000

13010560 13A Blackberry, juice 0.130500 1.000 1.000

13010561 13A Blackberry, juice-babyfood 0.130500 1.000 1.000

13020570 13B Blueberry 0.032100 1.000 1.000

13020571 13B Blueberry-babyfood 0.032100 1.000 1.000

13010580 13A Boysenberry 0.130500 1.000 1.000

14000590 14 Brazil nut 0.003900 1.000 1.000

15000650 15 Buckwheat 0.004000 1.000 1.000

15000660 15 Buckwheat, flour 0.004000 1.000 1.000

14000680 14 Butternut 0.003900 1.000 1.000

09010750 9A Cantaloupe 0.010000 1.000 1.000

04020760 4B Cardoon 0.252300 1.000 1.000

01010780 1AB Carrot 0.010100 1.000 1.000

01010781 1AB Carrot-babyfood 0.010100 1.000 1.000

01010790 1AB Carrot, juice 0.010100 1.000 1.000

09010800 9A Casaba 0.010000 1.000 1.000

14000810 14 Cashew 0.003900 1.000 1.000

04020850 4B Celery 0.252300 1.000 1.000

04020851 4B Celery-babyfood 0.252300 1.000 1.000

04020860 4B Celery, juice 0.252300 1.000 1.000

04020870 4B Celtuce 0.252300 1.000 1.000

09020880 9B Chayote, fruit 0.010000 1.000 1.000

12000900 12 Cherry 0.182400 1.000 1.000

12000901 12 Cherry-babyfood 0.182400 1.000 1.000

12000910 12 Cherry, juice 0.182400 1.500 1.000

12000911 12 Cherry, juice-babyfood 0.182400 1.500 1.000

14000920 14 Chestnut 0.003900 1.000 1.000

40000930 P Chicken, meat 0.005100 1.000 1.000

40000931 P Chicken, meat-babyfood 0.005100 1.000 1.000

40000940 P Chicken, liver 0.005600 1.000 1.000

40000950 P Chicken, meat byproducts 0.003600 1.000 1.000

40000951 P Chicken, meat byproducts-babyfoo 0.003600 1.000 1.000

40000960 P Chicken, fat 0.003800 1.000 1.000

40000961 P Chicken, fat-babyfood 0.003800 1.000 1.000

40000970 P Chicken, skin 0.003800 1.000 1.000

40000971 P Chicken, skin-babyfood 0.003800 1.000 1.000

06030980 6C Chickpea, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06030981 6C Chickpea, seed-babyfood 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06030990 6C Chickpea, flour 0.013700 1.000 1.000

09021020 9B Chinese waxgourd 0.010000 1.000 1.000

10001060 10 Citrus citron 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10001070 10 Citrus hybrids 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10001080 10 Citrus, oil 0.043600 1.000 1.000

95001150 O Coffee, roasted bean 0.000500 1.000 1.000

95001160 O Coffee, instant 0.000500 1.000 1.000

15001200 15 Corn, field, flour 0.003500 1.000 1.000

15001201 15 Corn, field, flour-babyfood 0.003500 1.000 1.000

15001210 15 Corn, field, meal 0.003500 1.000 1.000

15001211 15 Corn, field, meal-babyfood 0.003500 1.000 1.000

15001220 15 Corn, field, bran 0.003500 1.000 1.000

15001230 15 Corn, field, starch 0.003500 1.000 1.000

15001231 15 Corn, field, starch-babyfood 0.003500 1.000 1.000

15001240 15 Corn, field, syrup 0.003500 1.500 1.000

15001241 15 Corn, field, syrup-babyfood 0.003500 1.500 1.000

15001250 15 Corn, field, oil 0.003500 1.000 1.000

15001251 15 Corn, field, oil-babyfood 0.003500 1.000 1.000

15001260 15 Corn, pop 0.003500 1.000 1.000

15001270 15 Corn, sweet 0.003300 1.000 1.000

15001271 15 Corn, sweet-babyfood 0.003300 1.000 1.000

95001280 O Cottonseed, oil 0.030000 1.000 1.000

95001281 O Cottonseed, oil-babyfood 0.030000 1.000 1.000

11001290 11 Crabapple 0.025300 1.000 1.000

95001300 O Cranberry 0.026600 1.000 1.000

95001301 O Cranberry-babyfood 0.026600 1.000 1.000

95001310 O Cranberry, dried 0.026600 4.000 1.000

95001320 O Cranberry, juice 0.026600 1.100 1.000

95001321 O Cranberry, juice-babyfood 0.026600 1.100 1.000

09021350 9B Cucumber 0.010000 1.000 1.000

13021360 13B Currant 0.132000 1.000 1.000

13021370 13B Currant, dried 0.132000 1.000 1.000

13011420 13A Dewberry 0.130500 1.000 1.000

70001450 P Egg, whole 0.005600 1.000 1.000

70001451 P Egg, whole-babyfood 0.005600 1.000 1.000

70001460 P Egg, white 0.005600 1.000 1.000

70001461 P Egg, white (solids)-babyfood 0.005600 1.000 1.000

70001470 P Egg, yolk 0.005600 1.000 1.000

70001471 P Egg, yolk-babyfood 0.005600 1.000 1.000

13021490 13B Elderberry 0.050500 1.000 1.000

04021520 4B Fennel, Florence 0.252300 1.000 1.000

14001550 14 Filbert 0.003900 1.000 1.000

14001560 14 Filbert, oil 0.003900 1.000 1.000

03001640 3 Garlic 0.010400 1.000 1.000

03001650 3 Garlic, dried 0.010400 1.000 1.000

03001651 3 Garlic, dried-babyfood 0.010400 1.000 1.000

23001690 M Goat, meat 0.025400 1.000 1.000

23001700 M Goat, meat byproducts 0.025300 1.000 1.000

23001710 M Goat, fat 0.032300 1.000 1.000

23001720 M Goat, kidney 0.031600 1.000 1.000

23001730 M Goat, liver 0.223600 1.000 1.000

13021740 13B Gooseberry 0.032100 1.000 1.000

95001750 O Grape 0.033700 1.000 1.000

95001760 O Grape, juice 0.033700 1.200 1.000

95001761 O Grape, juice-babyfood 0.033700 1.200 1.000

95001770 O Grape, leaves 0.033700 1.000 1.000

95001780 O Grape, raisin 0.513200 1.000 1.000

95001790 O Grape, wine and sherry 0.033700 1.200 1.000

10001800 10 Grapefruit 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10001810 10 Grapefruit, juice 0.043600 2.100 1.000

06031820 6C Guar, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06031821 6C Guar, seed-babyfood 0.013700 1.000 1.000

14001850 14 Hickory nut 0.003900 1.000 1.000

09011870 9A Honeydew melon 0.010000 1.000 1.000

95001880 O Hop 1.527800 1.000 1.000

24001890 M Horse, meat 0.025400 1.000 1.000

13021910 13B Huckleberry 0.032100 1.000 1.000

10001970 10 Kumquat 0.043600 1.000 1.000

03001980 3 Leek 0.010400 1.000 1.000

10001990 10 Lemon 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10002000 10 Lemon, juice 0.043600 2.000 1.000

10002001 10 Lemon, juice-babyfood 0.043600 2.000 1.000

10002010 10 Lemon, peel 0.043600 1.000 1.000

06032030 6C Lentil, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

10002060 10 Lime 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10002070 10 Lime, juice 0.043600 2.000 1.000

10002071 10 Lime, juice-babyfood 0.043600 2.000 1.000

13012080 13A Loganberry 0.130500 1.000 1.000

11002100 11 Loquat 0.025300 1.000 1.000

95002110 O Lychee 0.085500 1.000 1.000

95002120 O Lychee, dried 0.085500 1.850 1.000

14002130 14 Macadamia nut 0.003900 1.000 1.000

95002150 O Mango 0.011400 1.000 1.000

95002151 O Mango-babyfood 0.011400 1.000 1.000

95002160 O Mango, dried 0.011400 1.000 1.000

95002170 O Mango, juice 0.011400 1.000 1.000

95002171 O Mango, juice-babyfood 0.011400 1.000 1.000

28002210 M Meat, game 0.025400 1.000 1.000

27002220 D Milk, fat 0.005200 1.000 1.000

27002221 D Milk, fat - baby food/infant for 0.005200 1.000 1.000

27012230 D Milk, nonfat solids 0.005200 1.000 1.000

27012231 D Milk, nonfat solids-baby food/in 0.005200 1.000 1.000

27022240 D Milk, water 0.005200 1.000 1.000

27022241 D Milk, water-babyfood/infant form 0.005200 1.000 1.000

27032251 D Milk, sugar (lactose)-baby food/ 0.005200 1.000 1.000

15002260 15 Millet, grain 0.004000 1.000 1.000

12002300 12 Nectarine 0.085800 1.000 1.000

15002310 15 Oat, bran 0.004600 1.000 1.000

15002320 15 Oat, flour 0.004600 1.000 1.000

15002321 15 Oat, flour-babyfood 0.004600 1.000 1.000

15002330 15 Oat, groats/rolled oats 0.004600 1.000 1.000

15002331 15 Oat, groats/rolled oats-babyfood 0.004600 1.000 1.000

08002340 8 Okra 0.057000 1.000 1.000

03002370 3 Onion, dry bulb 0.010400 1.000 1.000

03002371 3 Onion, dry bulb-babyfood 0.010400 1.000 1.000

03002380 3 Onion, dry bulb, dried 0.010400 1.000 1.000

03002381 3 Onion, dry bulb, dried-babyfood 0.010400 1.000 1.000

03002390 3 Onion, green 0.335000 1.000 1.000

10002400 10 Orange 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10002410 10 Orange, juice 0.043600 1.800 1.000

10002411 10 Orange, juice-babyfood 0.043600 1.800 1.000

10002420 10 Orange, peel 0.043600 1.000 1.000

06022550 6B Pea, succulent 0.029100 1.000 1.000

06022551 6B Pea, succulent-babyfood 0.029100 1.000 1.000

06032560 6C Pea, dry 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06032561 6C Pea, dry-babyfood 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06012570 6A Pea, edible podded, succulent 0.029100 1.000 1.000

06032580 6C Pea, pigeon, seed 0.013700 1.000 1.000

06022590 6B Pea, pigeon, succulent 0.029100 1.000 1.000

12002600 12 Peach 0.085800 1.000 1.000

12002601 12 Peach-babyfood 0.085800 1.000 1.000

12002610 12 Peach, dried 0.085800 7.000 1.000

12002611 12 Peach, dried-babyfood 0.085800 7.000 1.000

12002620 12 Peach, juice 0.085800 1.000 1.000

12002621 12 Peach, juice-babyfood 0.085800 1.000 1.000

95002630 O Peanut 0.005300 1.000 1.000

95002640 O Peanut, butter 0.026600 1.000 1.000

95002650 O Peanut, oil 0.026600 1.000 1.000

11002660 11 Pear 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11002661 11 Pear-babyfood 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11002670 11 Pear, dried 0.025300 6.250 1.000

11002680 11 Pear, juice 0.025300 1.000 1.000

11002681 11 Pear, juice-babyfood 0.025300 1.000 1.000

14002690 14 Pecan 0.004900 1.000 1.000

08002700 8 Pepper, bell 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002701 8 Pepper, bell-babyfood 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002710 8 Pepper, bell, dried 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002711 8 Pepper, bell, dried-babyfood 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002720 8 Pepper, nonbell 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002721 8 Pepper, nonbell-babyfood 0.071700 1.000 1.000

08002730 8 Pepper, nonbell, dried 0.071700 1.000 1.000

95002750 O Peppermint 0.215300 1.000 1.000

95002760 O Peppermint, oil 0.215300 1.000 1.000

95002790 O Pineapple 0.150700 1.000 1.000

95002791 O Pineapple-babyfood 0.150700 1.000 1.000

95002800 O Pineapple, dried 0.150700 5.000 1.000

95002810 O Pineapple, juice 0.150700 1.700 1.000

95002811 O Pineapple, juice-babyfood 0.150700 1.700 1.000

14002820 14 Pistachio 0.003900 1.000 1.000

95002830 O Plantain 0.023800 1.000 1.000

95002840 O Plantain, dried 0.023800 3.900 1.000

12002850 12 Plum 0.085800 1.000 1.000

12002851 12 Plum-babyfood 0.085800 1.000 1.000

12002860 12 Plum, prune, fresh 0.085800 1.000 1.000

12002861 12 Plum, prune, fresh-babyfood 0.085800 1.000 1.000

12002870 12 Plum, prune, dried 0.085800 5.000 1.000

12002871 12 Plum, prune, dried-babyfood 0.085800 5.000 1.000

12002880 12 Plum, prune, juice 0.085800 1.400 1.000

12002881 12 Plum, prune, juice-babyfood 0.085800 1.400 1.000

25002900 M Pork, meat 0.025400 1.000 1.000

25002901 M Pork, meat-babyfood 0.025400 1.000 1.000

25002910 M Pork, skin 0.032300 1.000 1.000

25002920 M Pork, meat byproducts 0.025300 1.000 1.000

25002921 M Pork, meat byproducts-babyfood 0.025300 1.000 1.000

25002930 M Pork, fat 0.032300 1.000 1.000

25002931 M Pork, fat-babyfood 0.032300 1.000 1.000

25002940 M Pork, kidney 0.031600 1.000 1.000

25002950 M Pork, liver 0.223600 1.000 1.000

60003010 P Poultry, other, meat 0.005100 1.000 1.000

60003020 P Poultry, other, liver 0.005600 1.000 1.000

60003030 P Poultry, other, meat byproducts 0.003600 1.000 1.000

60003040 P Poultry, other, fat 0.003800 1.000 1.000

60003050 P Poultry, other, skin 0.003800 1.000 1.000

10003070 10 Pummelo 0.043600 1.000 1.000

09023080 9B Pumpkin 0.010000 1.000 1.000

09023090 9B Pumpkin, seed 0.010000 1.000 1.000

11003100 11 Quince 0.025300 1.000 1.000

29003120 M Rabbit, meat 0.025400 1.000 1.000

20003190 20 Rapeseed, oil 0.008200 1.000 1.000

13013200 13A Raspberry 0.130500 1.000 1.000

13013201 13A Raspberry-babyfood 0.130500 1.000 1.000

13013210 13A Raspberry, juice 0.130500 1.000 1.000

13013211 13A Raspberry, juice-babyfood 0.130500 1.000 1.000

04023220 4B Rhubarb 0.252300 1.000 1.000

15003230 15 Rice, white 0.123600 1.000 1.000

15003231 15 Rice, white-babyfood 0.123600 1.000 1.000

15003240 15 Rice, brown 0.123600 1.000 1.000

15003241 15 Rice, brown-babyfood 0.123600 1.000 1.000

15003250 15 Rice, flour 0.123600 1.000 1.000

15003251 15 Rice, flour-babyfood 0.123600 1.000 1.000

15003260 15 Rice, bran 0.123600 1.000 1.000

15003261 15 Rice, bran-babyfood 0.123600 1.000 1.000

15003280 15 Rye, grain 0.005000 1.000 1.000

15003290 15 Rye, flour 0.005000 1.000 1.000

03003380 3 Shallot 0.010400 1.000 1.000

26003390 M Sheep, meat 0.025400 1.000 1.000

26003391 M Sheep, meat-babyfood 0.025400 1.000 1.000

26003400 M Sheep, meat byproducts 0.025300 1.000 1.000

26003410 M Sheep, fat 0.032300 1.000 1.000

26003411 M Sheep, fat-babyfood 0.032300 1.000 1.000

26003420 M Sheep, kidney 0.031600 1.000 1.000

26003430 M Sheep, liver 0.223600 1.000 1.000

15003440 15 Sorghum, grain 0.005600 1.000 1.000

15003450 15 Sorghum, syrup 0.005600 1.000 1.000

06003470 6 Soybean, seed 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003480 6 Soybean, flour 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003481 6 Soybean, flour-babyfood 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003490 6 Soybean, soy milk 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003491 6 Soybean, soy milk-babyfood or in 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003500 6 Soybean, oil 0.014500 1.000 1.000

06003501 6 Soybean, oil-babyfood 0.014500 1.000 1.000

95003520 O Spearmint 0.215300 1.000 1.000

95003530 O Spearmint, oil 0.215300 1.000 1.000

09023560 9B Squash, summer 0.010000 1.000 1.000

09023561 9B Squash, summer-babyfood 0.010000 1.000 1.000

09023570 9B Squash, winter 0.010000 1.000 1.000

09023571 9B Squash, winter-babyfood 0.010000 1.000 1.000

95003590 O Strawberry 0.031500 1.000 1.000

95003591 O Strawberry-babyfood 0.031500 1.000 1.000

95003600 O Strawberry, juice 0.031500 1.000 1.000

95003601 O Strawberry, juice-babyfood 0.031500 1.000 1.000

20003640 20 Sunflower, seed 0.002800 1.000 1.000

20003650 20 Sunflower, oil 0.002800 1.000 1.000

20003651 20 Sunflower, oil-babyfood 0.002800 1.000 1.000

04023670 4B Swiss chard 0.252300 1.000 1.000

10003690 10 Tangerine 0.043600 1.000 1.000

10003700 10 Tangerine, juice 0.043600 2.300 1.000

08003740 8 Tomatillo 0.012200 1.000 1.000

08003750 8 Tomato 0.012200 1.000 1.000

08003751 8 Tomato-babyfood 0.012200 1.000 1.000

08003760 8 Tomato, paste 0.012200 5.400 1.000

08003761 8 Tomato, paste-babyfood 0.012200 5.400 1.000

08003770 8 Tomato, puree 0.012200 3.300 1.000

08003771 8 Tomato, puree-babyfood 0.012200 3.300 1.000

08003780 8 Tomato, dried 0.012200 14.300 1.000

08003781 8 Tomato, dried-babyfood 0.012200 14.300 1.000

08003790 8 Tomato, juice 0.012200 1.500 1.000

15003810 15 Triticale, flour 0.004000 1.000 1.000

15003811 15 Triticale, flour-babyfood 0.004000 1.000 1.000

50003820 P Turkey, meat 0.005100 1.000 1.000

50003821 P Turkey, meat-babyfood 0.005100 1.000 1.000

50003830 P Turkey, liver 0.005600 1.000 1.000

50003831 P Turkey, liver-babyfood 0.005600 1.000 1.000

50003840 P Turkey, meat byproducts 0.003600 1.000 1.000

50003841 P Turkey, meat byproducts-babyfood 0.003600 1.000 1.000

50003850 P Turkey, fat 0.003800 1.000 1.000

50003851 P Turkey, fat-babyfood 0.003800 1.000 1.000

50003860 P Turkey, skin 0.003800 1.000 1.000

50003861 P Turkey, skin-babyfood 0.003800 1.000 1.000

05023890 5B Turnip, greens 0.363800 1.000 1.000

01013880 1AB Turnip, roots 0.022800 1.000 1.000

14003910 14 Walnut 0.003900 1.000 1.000

86010000 O Water, direct, all sources 0.011000 1.000 1.000

86020000 O Water, indirect, all sources 0.011000 1.000 1.000

09013990 9A Watermelon 0.010000 1.000 1.000

09014000 9A Watermelon, juice 0.010000 1.000 1.000

15004010 15 Wheat, grain 0.004000 1.000 1.000

15004011 15 Wheat, grain-babyfood 0.004000 1.000 1.000

15004020 15 Wheat, flour 0.004000 1.000 1.000

15004021 15 Wheat, flour-babyfood 0.004000 1.000 1.000

15004030 15 Wheat, germ 0.004000 1.000 1.000

15004040 15 Wheat, bran 0.004000 1.000 1.000

15004050 15 Wild rice 0.025200 1.000 1.000

Acute Dietary Results Summary.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ver. 2.02

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for 1,2,4-TRIAZOLE (1994-98 data)

Residue file: Acute Dir and Indir Food and Water.R98

Adjustment factor #2 NOT used.

Analysis Date: 11-01-2005/10:44:08 Residue file dated:
11-01-2005/10:35:40/8

Daily totals for food and foodform consumption used.

Run Comment: \"RfDs are PADs. aPAD for Females 13-49, Infants, and
children =

0.03 mg/kg/day\"

===============================================================================

Summary calculations (per capita):

95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile

Exposure % aRfD Exposure % aRfD Exposure % aRfD

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-\-\--
\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-\-\--

U.S. Population:

0.003584 11.95 0.006011 20.04 0.010765 35.88

All infants:

0.009581 31.94 0.013047 43.49 0.021178 70.59

Children 1-2 yrs:

0.007231 24.10 0.010683 35.61 0.014474 48.25

Children 3-5 yrs:

0.005854 19.51 0.008545 28.48 0.014358 47.86

Children 6-12 yrs:

0.003751 12.50 0.005449 18.16 0.008183 27.28

Youth 13-19 yrs:

0.002724 9.08 0.004441 14.80 0.006683 22.28

Adults 20-49 yrs:

0.002823 9.41 0.004357 14.52 0.006902 23.01

Adults 50+ yrs:

0.002474 8.25 0.003404 11.35 0.005595 18.65

Females 13-49 yrs:

0.002762 9.21 0.004347 14.49 0.006735 22.45

Chronic Dietary Results Summary.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ver. 2.00

DEEM-FCID Chronic analysis for 1,2,4-TRIAZOLE (1994-98 data)

Residue file name: C:\\Documents and Settings\\MDOHERTY\\My
Documents\\Chemistry Reviews\\DEEM Runs\\Triazoles\\Chronic Dir and
Indir Food and Water.R98

Adjustment factor #2 NOT used.

Analysis Date 11-01-2005/10:36:59 Residue file dated:
11-01-2005/10:34:58/8

Reference dose (RfD, Chronic) = .005 mg/kg bw/day

COMMENT 1: RfDs are PADs. aPAD for Females 13-49, Infants, and children
= 0.03 mg/kg/day

===============================================================================

Total exposure by population subgroup

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

Total Exposure

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

Population mg/kg Percent of

Subgroup body wt/day Rfd

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--
\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

U.S. Population (total) 0.000685 13.7%

U.S. Population (spring season) 0.000685 13.7%

U.S. Population (summer season) 0.000705 14.1%

U.S. Population (autumn season) 0.000668 13.4%

U.S. Population (winter season) 0.000681 13.6%

Northeast region 0.000716 14.3%

Midwest region 0.000675 13.5%

Southern region 0.000626 12.5%

Western region 0.000760 15.2%

Hispanics 0.000811 16.2%

Non-hispanic whites 0.000651 13.0%

Non-hispanic blacks 0.000687 13.7%

Non-hisp/non-white/non-black 0.000933 18.7%

All infants (\< 1 year) 0.001563 31.3%

Nursing infants 0.000703 14.1%

Non-nursing infants 0.001889 37.8%

Children 1-6 yrs 0.001594 31.9%

Children 7-12 yrs 0.000823 16.5%

Females 13-19 (not preg or nursing) 0.000505 10.1%

Females 20+ (not preg or nursing) 0.000543 10.9%

Females 13-50 yrs 0.000579 11.6%

Females 13+ (preg/not nursing) 0.000632 12.6%

Females 13+ (nursing) 0.000753 15.1%

Males 13-19 yrs 0.000573 11.5%

Males 20+ yrs 0.000549 11.0%

Seniors 55+ 0.000547 10.9%

Children 1-2 yrs 0.001964 39.3%

Children 3-5 yrs 0.001488 29.8%

Children 6-12 yrs 0.000877 17.5%

Youth 13-19 yrs 0.000541 10.8%

Adults 20-49 yrs 0.000549 11.0%

Adults 50+ yrs 0.000546 10.9%

Females 13-49 yrs 0.000536 10.7%

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--