**STS-99 EARTH SCIENCES DEBRIEFING**

March 27, 2000

8:30-11:30 a.m., Building 31/129

  ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------
  **Slide ID's**   **Caption**

  ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------

# Terrestial Impact Craters

+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | # Acraman, South Australia, 32° 1'S, 135°27'E.       |
| TS099-701-062 |                                                      |
|               | Acraman crater is 90 kilometers in diameter and      |
|               | dated at \>450 million years.                        |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | # Pilot Lak                                          |
| TS099-728-013 | e, North West Territories, Canada, 60°17'N, 111°1'W. |
|               |                                                      |
|               | # Pilot Lake is 6 kilometers                         |
|               | in diameter and has been dated at 445 million years. |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               | #                                                    |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | # Gow Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada, 56°27'N, 104°29'W. |
| TS099-760-110 |                                                      |
|               | # Gow is 5 kilometers in                             |
|               |  diameter and has been dated at \<250 million years. |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               | #                                                    |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | # Slate Islan                                        |
| TS099-719-047 | ds, Lake Superior, Ontario, Canada, 48°40'N, 87°0'W. |
|               |                                                      |
|               | # The                                                |
|               | re are only three near vertical images of the Slate  |
|               | Islands in the database. The center of Patterson Isl |
|               | and (the largest island in the group) is the center  |
|               | of the impact crater. The crater is 30 kilometers in |
|               |  diameter and has been dated at \<350 million years. |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               | #                                                    |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | # Ile Roulea                                         |
| TS099-703-062 | u, Lac Mistassini, Quebec, Canada, 50°41'N, 73°53'W. |
|               |                                                      |
|               | Ile Rouleau crater is 4 kilometers in diameter and   |
|               | has been dated at \<300 million years. This image is |
|               | one of the few near vertical views of this crater in |
|               | the database.                                        |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               | #                                                    |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Clearwater Lakes, West and East, Quebec, Canada:     |
| TS099-728-007 |                                                      |
|               | # East, 56°5'N, 74°7'W, West, 56°13', 74°30'W.       |
| S             |                                                      |
| TS099-746-065 | Clearwater East is 26 kilometers in diameter and     |
|               | West is 36 kilometers in diameter. Both craters have |
|               | been dated at 290 million years.                     |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               | #                                                    |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | # Manicouagan, Quebec, Canada, 51°23'N, 68°42'W.     |
| TS099-749-062 |                                                      |
|               | Manicouagan crater is 100 kilometers in diameter and |
|               | dated at 214 million years.                          |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| #### S        | # Lac La Moinerie, Quebec, Canada, 57°26'N, 66°37'W. |
| TS099-723-043 |                                                      |
|               | Probably the only Shuttle image of this crater. La   |
|               | Moinerie crater is 8 kilometers in diameter and has  |
|               | been dated at 400 million years.                     |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               | ##                                                   |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | # Mistastin Lake, Labrador, 55°53'N, 63°18'W.        |
| TS099-723-078 |                                                      |
|               | Mistastin crater is 28 kilometers in diameter and    |
|               | has been dated at 38 million years.                  |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | # Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, 37°17'N, 76°1'W.         |
| TS099-724-021 |                                                      |
|               | This structure is buried under 122 to 366 meters of  |
|               | sand, silt, and clay. Chesapeake crater is 85        |
|               | kilometers in diameter and has been dated at 35      |
|               | million years.                                       |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | # Chicxulub, Mexico, 21°20'N, 89°30'W.               |
| TS099-705-066 |                                                      |
|               | The "smoking gun" crater that gained acceptance for  |
|               | the Alvarez theory that a large comet or asteroid    |
|               | contributed to the extinction of dinosaurs 65        |
|               | million years ago. Chixulub is 170 kilometers in     |
|               | diameter and has been dated at 65 million years.     |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+

# Reefs

+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Marutea, Tuamotu Archipelago; an excellent picture   |
| TS099-706-082 | of nearby Reao (STS099-730-79), not shown. Astronaut |
|               | photographs of the Tuamotus are being used in a      |
|               | study comparing different types of remote sensing    |
|               | images, and how much reef habitat information can be |
|               | extracted from them.                                 |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | French Frigate Shoals, Northwest Hawaiian Islands.   |
| TS099-746-070 |                                                      |
|               | This area is critical habitat for endangered         |
|               | Hawaiian monk seals. Astronaut photographs are being |
|               | used to create a map of the area, because Landsat,   |
|               | SPOT and aerial photography data are not currently   |
|               | available.                                           |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Sinai, with Sharm el Sheik.                          |
| TS099-751-016 |                                                      |
|               | Our office collaborates with scientists in Egypt     |
|               | studying the effects of tourism on the reefs here.   |
|               | Two related photographs from this mission (not       |
|               | shown) are                                           |
|               |                                                      |
|               | STS099-715-59 Tip of the Sinai Peninsula             |
|               |                                                      |
|               | STS099-716-83 Red Sea development                    |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+

# War Zones\--East Timor

  ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------
  STS099-748-061   Timor, Indonesia

                   Map of War Zones
  ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------

# Water Levels, Flooding and Landuse

+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               | Map of Typhoon Leons Track and                       |
|               |                                                      |
|               | Southern Africa Runoff Times                         |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Betsiboka with flooding, Madagascar                  |
| TS099-702-017 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Mahajamba estuary and Betsiboka River Delta,         |
| TS099-702-023 | Madagascar                                           |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+

+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
|               |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Omo River delta, Lake Turkana, Ethiopia and Kenya   |   |
| TS099-702-039 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Omo River delta, 1994 (low water)                   |   |
| TS064-100-070 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
|               |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Lago Poopo, Bolivian Andes, showing possible oil    |   |
| TS099-702-070 | spill                                               |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Lago Poopo, December 1998                           |   |
| TS088-724-043 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
|               | Lago Poopo Water area chart                         |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Lago Poopo, December 1999                           |   |
| TS103-731-083 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
|               |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
|               | # Water Levels, Flooding and Landuse continued      |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Rhone River delta, France                           |   |
| TS099-744-054 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Rhone River delta, France                           |   |
| TS099-744-056 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
|               |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Zaliv Kara-Bogaz-Gol', Caspian Sea, 2/00            |   |
| TS099-727-012 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
|               |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Deforestation and fragmentation on Sri Lanka.       |   |
| TS099-702-009 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Himalayan forest fragmentation in the foot hills    |   |
| TS099-734-063 | over the Nepal-Indian Border                        |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Panoramic view of the Himalayas with Mt. Everest.   |   |
| TS099-760-170 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
|               |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Mine tailings, Siberia (Ozero Chany ?)              |   |
| TS099-714-047 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Russian-Chinese border along the Amur and Songhua   |   |
| TS099-735-015 | Rivers                                              |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
|               |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Mariculture, Dalian, China                          |   |
| TS099-760-022 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
|               |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Kamchatkan volcanoes: Bezymyanny and Klyuchevskaya  |   |
| TS099-760-051 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+
| S             | Hawaii: volcanic plume from Kilauea                 |   |
| TS099-701-021 |                                                     |   |
+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------+---+

**Rifts, Volcanoes & Other Breakage**

  ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------ --
  STS099-713-055   Oahu, some sunglint on SW side, SRTM view available    

  STS099-708-AV    Kamchatka Peninsula. Compare SRTM image. Detailed      
                   discussion at                                          
                   <http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/debrief/STS-99>.              

  STS099-702-045   Ethiopia, East Africa. Rift lakes, volcanic vents.     
                   Detailed discussion at                                 
                   <http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/debrief/STS-99>.              

  STS099-725-088   Lake Baykal. Baykal rift/transform fault junction.     

  STS099-709-082   Yemen. Gulf of Aden rift faults, aligned volcanic      
                   craters.                                               

  STS099-705-006   Dead Sea rift. Lava flows at jog in rift faults (east  
                   side).                                                 

  STS099-727-054   N. Rio Grande rift, Embudo transverse fault. Detailed  
                   discussion at                                          
                   <http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/debrief/STS-99>.              

  STS099-723-015   S. Rio Grande rift/transform junction, explosive       
                   craters.                                               

  STS099-729-028   Izmit, Turkey. 1999 earthquake fault (M 7.4). Detailed 
                   discussion at                                          
                   <http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/debrief/STS-99>.              

  STS099-701-046   Newfoundland. Granite intrusion prior to folding.      

  STS099-701-045   Newfoundland. Intrusion emplaced after folding.        
  ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------ --

# Atmospheric and Oceanic Phenomena

+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               | Satallite mosaic of Global Cloud Cover over Europe   |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Po River smog                                        |
| TS099-724-061 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Po River smog over the Adriatic                      |
| TS099-724-066 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Wake Cloud Pattern - A distinct cumulus cloud        |
| TS099-703-007 | pattern marks the an island wake within a weak       |
|               | northerly wind field in the vicinity of Isla         |
|               | Socorro, south of the Baja Peninsula of Mexico. A    |
|               | smaller companion island, San Benedicto, is visible  |
|               | to the north-northeast. Socorro rises to just over   |
|               | 3,400 feet and disrupts the winds which apparently   |
|               | are not strong or persistent enough to form closed   |
|               | vortices.                                            |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Contrail - A long contrail crosses the north coast   |
| TS099-715-029 | of the Sea of Okhotsk just east of Magadan as it     |
|               | appears to arc gradually northeastward on what would |
|               | be a great circle route to North America from Japan. |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Southern Hemisphere Cyclone -- This non-tropical     |
| TS099-723-062 | system with its clockwise rotation is located in the |
|               | southeastern Pacific east of New Zealand. The band   |
|               | of cumulus near the occluded front associated with   |
|               | this system is well to the north and east of the     |
|               | center. It is still late summer and this is not a    |
|               | particularly vigorous system, having little          |
|               | convection or high clouds.                           |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Southern Hemisphere Cyclone II- Same system as       |
| TS099-727-057 | STS099-732-062, but 24 hours later. Little change as |
|               | occurred.                                            |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Edge of a Winter Storm - The pronounced edge of a    |
| TS099-723-081 | developing winter storm is poised just south and     |
|               | west of the coast of Labrador, Newfoundland. Warm    |
|               | moist air as it wraps around the north side of the   |
|               | storm center is overriding the frigid, dry air at    |
|               | the surface.                                         |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Cut-Off Low -- A swirl of stratocumulus clouds       |
| TS099-732-069 | west-southwest of the Straits of Gibraltar is all    |
|               | that remains of a North Atlantic cyclone which has   |
|               | been cut-off from the westerlies. Often observed off |
|               | the west coast of continents in winter, these        |
|               | systems either slowly dissipate or provide and extra |
|               | shot of energy and moisture to a subsequent cyclone, |
|               | if it passes close enough.                           |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Cloud Streets of Warm Air Advection - Building bands |
| TS099-734-035 | of cumulus clouds indicate warm air advection as     |
|               | they progress to the northwest over the              |
|               | Houston-Galveston Bay area. Warm, moist air from the |
|               | Gulf of Mexico is borne on southeasterly winds over  |
|               | the sun-warmed land areas. The heated air at the     |
|               | surface combines with the steady flow to produce     |
|               | parallel corridors of rising air, marked by cumulus, |
|               | and subsiding air as clear. Note the lack of         |
|               | significant clouds over the cooler water surfaces    |
|               | and how the cumulus increase in size and height as   |
|               | they continue to acquire heat from the land          |
|               | surfaces.                                            |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Cloud Streets of Cold Air Advection - A bitterly     |
| TS099-741-039 | cold blast of arctic air plunges southward from far  |
|               | eastern Siberia, across the frozen Gulf of Anadyr,   |
|               | and out over the cold, but relatively warm Bering    |
|               | Sea where streets of stratocumulus form and spread.  |
|               | Again, parallel bands of clouds indicate advection   |
|               | of air and heating from below. In this case however, |
|               | the air aloft is cold and dry and suppresses the     |
|               | vertical development of the clouds whose moisture is |
|               | obtained from the sea surface below.                 |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| ST            | Sea Ice Vortex - Both topography and bathymetry      |
| ST099-715-077 | combine with wind and sea currents to produce this   |
|               | pattern of sea ice in the extreme southern Sea of    |
|               | Okhotsk. The rugged shoreline of north Hokkaido and  |
|               | the Kurile Archipelago have channeled northerly      |
|               | winds and surface waters into a gyre here, clearly   |
|               | depicted in the pattern of sea ice.                  |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Sea Ice Vortex - Another gyre of sea ice has formed  |
| TS099-715-085 | in the southern Sea of Okhotsk, just northeast of    |
|               | the Hokkaido one. However, this one turns in the     |
|               | opposite direction as wind and water are deflected   |
|               | by Iuturup Island in the Kuriles.                    |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | # Air Glow. STS0                                     |
| TS099-355-024 | 99-355-024 - Airglow and diffuse red aurora borealis |
|               |                                                      |
|               | There are two separate atmospheric optical phenomena |
|               | in the photo. The thin greenish band above the       |
|               | horizon is airglow; radiation emitted by the         |
|               | atmosphere from a layer about 30 km thick and about  |
|               | 100 km altitude. The predominant emission in airglow |
|               | is the green 5577 Angstrom wavelength emission from  |
|               | atomic oxygen atoms, which is also the predominant   |
|               | emission from the aurora. A yellow-orange color is   |
|               | also seen in airglow, which is the emission of the   |
|               | 5800 Angstrom wavelength from sodium atoms. Airglow  |
|               | is always and everywhere present in the atmosphere;  |
|               | it results from the recombination of molecules that  |
|               | have been broken apart by solar radiation during the |
|               | day. But airglow is so faint that it can only be     |
|               | seen at night by looking \"edge on\" at the emission |
|               | layer, such as the view astronauts have in orbit.    |
|               |                                                      |
|               | The other phenomenon in the photo appears to be a    |
|               | faint, diffuse red aurora. Red aurora occur from     |
|               | about 200 km to as high as 500 km altitude only in   |
|               | the auroral zones at polar latitudes. They are       |
|               | caused by the emission of 6300 Angstrom wavelength   |
|               | light from oxygen atoms that have been raised to a   |
|               | higher energy level (excited) by collisions with     |
|               | energetic electrons pouring down from the Earth\'s   |
|               | magnetosphere. The light is emitted when the atoms   |
|               | return to their original unexcited state. With the   |
|               | red light so faint in this picture, that means that  |
|               | the flux density of incoming electrons was small.    |
|               | Also, since there is no green aurora below the red,  |
|               | that indicates that the energy of the incoming       |
|               | electrons was low - higher energy electrons would    |
|               | penetrate deeper into the atmosphere where the green |
|               | aurora is energized.                                 |
|               |                                                      |
|               | In this particular photo, the star streaks in the    |
|               | background are longer than in the other photos in    |
|               | the set. This shows that the crew used a longer      |
|               | exposure in this photo to bring out the faint red.   |
|               |                                                      |
|               | Astronaut Tom Jones gives a nice astronaut           |
|               | perspective of airglow on the web at                 |
|               |                                                      |
|               | http://neurolab.jsc.nasa.gov/jones.htm               |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Air Glow.                                            |
| TS099-356-026 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+

#### 

# Mt. Everest and the \"Find Everest\" tutorial in preparation

  ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------
  STS099-735-045   Mt. Everest (crew pick)

  STS099-735-046   Mt. Everest (with features that help find it)
  ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------

# Cities

+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Phoenix, AZ                                          |
| TS099-734-041 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| #### S        | #### Cairo                                           |
| TS099-714-060 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| #### S        | #### Tel Aviv and Haifa                              |
| TS099-742-051 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Maracaibo, Venezuela                                 |
| TS099-706-019 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| #### S        | #### Boston and Providence                           |
| TS099-725-031 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| #### S        | #### New York City                                   |
| TS099-725-027 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| #### S        | #### Harbin, China                                   |
| TS099-735-010 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| #### S        | #### New Orleans                                     |
| TS099-727-039 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| #### S        | #### Merida, Mexico                                  |
| TS099-706-037 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | El Paso, TX / Juarez, Mexico                         |
| TS099-730-085 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+

####### 

####### **Miscellaneous**

  ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------ --
  STS099-716-035   Himalayan Lakes. 30.6N 84.0E Colorful and icy lakes    
                   called Taro Co (larger dark lake and Chabyer Caka      
                   (bright aqua blue)                                     

  STS099-705-084   Bay of Fundy. From the ice pattern it appears that the 
                   tide is going out. This bay is known for it's 40 foot  
                   tides.                                                 

  STS099-732-063   Fingers of Greece. Broad area view south of            
                   Thessoloniki.                                          

  STS099-746-082   Australia, Multiple River with sand Islands            

  STS099-722-014   Panoramic view of the Colorado River                   

  STS099-722-007   Lake Powell and the Glen Canyon Dam, Utah and Arizona  

  STS099-707-078   Russian Agriculture, less patterned                    

  STS099-711-066   Fields in Russia, more patterned                       

  STS099-707-036   A panoramic view of Sakhalin with the Earth's Limb     

  STS099-731-070   Peter the Great Bay, Russia with Railroad line (not    
                   the Great Wall of China)                               

  STS099-708-V     Sunglint on Queen Charlotte Island,Canada with Limb.   

  STS099-753-032   Galapagos Islands, Isabella and Fernandina             

  STS099-729-045   Saharan sand dunes                                     

  STS099-749-089   Aniakchak volcano, Alaskan Peninsula                   

  STS099-706-090   Raised shorelines along Hudson Bay                     
  ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------ --

######## Listed but not shown

+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Dry Coast of Somalia. These photos add to the        |
| TS099-726-070 | database of Pacific Ocean temperatures affects on    |
| and           | Somalia. The dry landscape is similar to some        |
|               | previous missions photos taken after a La Nina (cold |
| S             | water) episode.                                      |
| TS099-754-067 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Ice Eddy near Kamchatka                              |
| TS099-722-078 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Mt. Rainier and Mt. Saint Helens, WA                 |
| TS099-748-020 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+

**Applications**

+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| ##            |                                                      |
|  HDTV compare |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| ## S          | Kuwait and Tigres-Euphrates River Delta              |
| TS099-724-033 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| STS099        | This photograph provides an opportunity to observe a |
| .ESC.05211135 | natural chemical laboratory at work. Limestone of    |
|               | quite a different sort from that forming the Great   |
| # *EarthKAM*  | Barrier Reef is actually in the process of           |
|               | formation. The deep, dark blue waters of the Tongue  |
|               | of the Ocean in the Atlantic, near Andros Is. is     |
|               | about 2000 meters or 6500 ft deep, the light blue    |
|               | ridges are the 10-meter (33 feet) shallows of the    |
|               | Great Bahama Bank. Details of the topography of the  |
|               | bank are visible through the clear waters.           |
|               |                                                      |
|               | The shallow waters are warm and become extremely     |
|               | salty. Crystals of aragonite, a calcium carbonate    |
|               | mineral, are precipitated and formed into spherical  |
|               | sand-sized oolites as the tidal currents swirl back  |
|               | and forth. Lithification of the carbonate sands      |
|               | produces an oolithic limestone. Although the water   |
|               | is warm and clear, corals do not live in the         |
|               | shallows, probably because of the elevated salt      |
|               | content. Although chemically similar, the oolithic   |
|               | limestone forming Andros, Eleuthera and other Bahama |
|               | Islands is very different from coral reef limestone. |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| # *New V      |                                                      |
| alley, Egypt* |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Toshka (New Valley) lakes in sunglint                |
| TS099-751-001 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| S             | Toshka lakes                                         |
| TS099-715-045 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| ## Yello      |                                                      |
| w River delta |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| 99            | Yellow River delta, February 15, 2000                |
| .ESC.04093647 |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|               |                                                      |
+---------------+------------------------------------------------------+