+----+---------+-------------------+--------------+------------------+
|    |         | ***Structu        | *            | ***Ground        |
|    |         | res/Mechanical*** | **Payload*** | S                |
|    |         |                   |              | upportability*** |
+----+---------+-------------------+--------------+------------------+
| *  |         | -   Cross         | -   Payload  | -   Flight to    |
| *I |         |     sections of   |              |     ground       |
| nt |         |     tankage/load  |  containment |     interfaces   |
| eg |         |     bearing       |     with the |     (1, p9)      |
| ra |         |     structure to  |     vehicle  |                  |
| te |         |     reduce closed |              | -   Components   |
| ** |         |     compartments  |    structure |     of launch    |
|    |         |     & aeroshells  |     & outer  |     umbilical    |
|    |         |     (1, p4)       |     mold     |     (electrical  |
|    |         |                   |     line     |     connectors,  |
|    |         | -   Tankage and   |     function |     fluid        |
|    |         |     TPS to        |     (5)      |     disconnects, |
|    |         |     eliminate     |              |                  |
|    |         |     aeroshells &  |              |   structure,...) |
|    |         |     closed        |              |     (5)          |
|    |         |     compartments  |              |                  |
|    |         |     (2, p30-31,   |              | -   Ground test, |
|    |         |     p39-40)       |              |     launch, and  |
|    |         |                   |              |     flight       |
|    |         | -   Tanks for     |              |     control      |
|    |         |     common fluids |              |     software (5) |
|    |         |     (LOX, LH2,    |              |                  |
|    |         |     GHe...) (2,   |              | -   Processing   |
|    |         |     p37)          |              |     facility and |
|    |         |                   |              |     control room |
|    |         | -   Tanks for     |              |                  |
|    |         |     multiple      |              |   infrastructure |
|    |         |     systems (MPS, |              |     (4, Gen15)   |
|    |         |     OMS, RCS,     |              |                  |
|    |         |     power,        |              | -   Loading      |
|    |         |     thermal       |              |     umbilicals   |
|    |         |     management)   |              |     (fill,       |
|    |         |     (1, p3)       |              |     drain,       |
|    |         |     (2,p34-35)    |              |     power,       |
|    |         |     (3)           |              |     comm.,...)   |
|    |         |                   |              |     and tank     |
|    |         |                   |              |     vents (GOX,  |
|    |         |                   |              |     GH2) into    |
|    |         |                   |              |     same         |
|    |         |                   |              |     umbilicals   |
|    |         |                   |              |     at base (5). |
+----+---------+-------------------+--------------+------------------+
| *  |         | -   Toxic         | -            | -   Toxic fluids |
| *E |         |     waterproofing | Access/entry |     for          |
| li |         |     for TPS (2,   |     for      |     servicing,   |
| mi |         |     p22-24) (5)   |     removal  |                  |
| na |         |                   |     of       |   manufacturing, |
| te |         | -   Need for      |              |     assembling,  |
| ** |         |     waterproofing |   integrated |     and cleaning |
|    |         |     TPS           |     cargo    |     (1, p4,8)    |
|    |         |     (2,p22-24)    |     element  |     (2, p22-24,  |
|    |         |     (5)           |     (5)      |     58-59,68)    |
|    |         |                   |              |                  |
|    |         | -   Complex heat  | -            | -   High parts   |
|    |         |     shielding (5) |   Dependence |     count (1,    |
|    |         |                   |     of       |     p6) (2,      |
|    |         | -   Hazardous     |     payload  |     p63-64)      |
|    |         |     pyr           |     support  |                  |
|    |         | otechnic/ordnance |     on       | -   Large        |
|    |         |     devices (5)   |     launcher |     support      |
|    |         |                   |     (5)      |     staff (1,    |
|    |         | -   Closed        |              |     p5)          |
|    |         |     structural    | -   Fluid    |                  |
|    |         |     compartments  |              | -   Hands-on,    |
|    |         |     (without      |   interfaces |     intrusive    |
|    |         |     compromising  |     between  |     ground       |
|    |         |     safety and    |     payload  |     support      |
|    |         |                   |     and      |     activity (1, |
|    |         |  maintainability) |     launcher |     p10) (2,     |
|    |         |     near tanks,   |     (5)      |     p52-54) (5)  |
|    |         |     around MPS    |              |                  |
|    |         |     manifold, and | -            | -   Hard-line    |
|    |         |     near areas    |   Electrical |     data links   |
|    |         |     containing    |              |     from vehicle |
|    |         |     systems which |   interfaces |     to launch    |
|    |         |     are prone to  |     (power   |     pad and LCC  |
|    |         |     outgassing or |     and      |     (5)          |
|    |         |     leakage. (2,  |     co       |                  |
|    |         |     p30-31,       | mmunication) | -   Need for     |
|    |         |     p39-40) (3)   |     between  |     complex      |
|    |         |     (5)           |     payload  |     sound        |
|    |         |                   |     and      |     suppression  |
|    |         | -   Unnecessary   |     launcher |     systems (5)  |
|    |         |     penetrations  |     (5)      |                  |
|    |         |     in            |              | -   Swing arms / |
|    |         |     pressurized   | -            |     arm type     |
|    |         |     compartments  |   Monitoring |     vents at pad |
|    |         |     (4,TC1)       |     of       |     and ordnance |
|    |         |                   |     payload  |     / events at  |
|    |         | -   Mechanical    |     during   |     launch (3,   |
|    |         |     joints (3)    |     cruise   |     p30,37,39)   |
|    |         |                   |     phase    |     (5)          |
|    |         |                   |     (5)      |                  |
|    |         |                   |              | -   Vehicle      |
|    |         |                   |              |                  |
|    |         |                   |              |  cannibalization |
|    |         |                   |              |     (5)          |
+----+---------+-------------------+--------------+------------------+
| *  | **Mai   | -   Accessibility | -   Standard | -   Minimum test |
| ** | ntainab |     without       |     payload  |     hardware     |
| De | ility** |     requiring     |              |     interfaces,  |
| si |         |     special GSE,  |   interfaces |     utilize      |
| gn |         |     access kits,  |     (5)      |                  |
| I  |         |     or            |              |    built-in-test |
| n* |         |     non-affected  | -   Standard |     to verify    |
| ** |         |     line          |     commun   |     launch       |
|    |         |     replaceable   | ication/data |     readiness    |
|    |         |     unit removal  |              |     (5)          |
|    |         |     (1, p6)       |    protocols |                  |
|    |         |                   |     (5)      |                  |
|    |         | -   Fluid/gas     |              |                  |
|    |         |     connections   | -            |                  |
|    |         |     that do not   |    Fluid/gas |                  |
|    |         |     require       |              |                  |
|    |         |     process       |  connections |                  |
|    |         |     control (i.e. |     that do  |                  |
|    |         |                   |     not      |                  |
|    |         |    leak-checking) |     require  |                  |
|    |         |     *after*       |     process  |                  |
|    |         |     assembly (1,  |     control  |                  |
|    |         |     p11) (2,      |     (i.e.    |                  |
|    |         |     p44-47)       |     le       |                  |
|    |         |                   | ak-checking) |                  |
|    |         | -   Robustness    |     *after*  |                  |
|    |         |     and/or        |     assembly |                  |
|    |         |     Built-in-Test |     (1, p11) |                  |
|    |         |     and           |     (2,      |                  |
|    |         |     verification  |     p44-47)  |                  |
|    |         |     devices to    |              |                  |
|    |         |     verify/assure | -   Bu       |                  |
|    |         |     structural    | ilt-in-tests |                  |
|    |         |     safety (2,    |     to       |                  |
|    |         |     p27-28) (5)   |     verify   |                  |
|    |         |                   |     payload  |                  |
|    |         | -   Common        |     health   |                  |
|    |         |     fasteners (5) |     (5)      |                  |
|    |         |                   |              |                  |
|    |         | -   Robustness    | -   Minimum  |                  |
|    |         |     and/or TPS    |              |                  |
|    |         |     quick removal |   attachment |                  |
|    |         |     and           |              |                  |
|    |         |     replacement   |   interfaces |                  |
|    |         |     (2,p53) (4,   |     (5)      |                  |
|    |         |     p48)          |              |                  |
|    |         |                   | -   Minimum  |                  |
|    |         |                   |     number   |                  |
|    |         |                   |     of       |                  |
|    |         |                   |              |                  |
|    |         |                   |    different |                  |
|    |         |                   |     fluids   |                  |
|    |         |                   |     (5)      |                  |
|    |         |                   |              |                  |
|    |         |                   | -   Minimum  |                  |
|    |         |                   |     wire     |                  |
|    |         |                   |     count    |                  |
|    |         |                   |     (5)      |                  |
+----+---------+-------------------+--------------+------------------+
|    | *       | -   Corrosion     | -            | -   Commercial   |
|    | *Reliab |     resistant     |   Commercial |                  |
|    | ility** |     materials (5) |     o        |    off-the-shelf |
|    |         |                   | ff-the-shelf |     (COTS)       |
|    |         | -   TPS that does |     products |     products     |
|    |         |     not require   |     produced |     produced in  |
|    |         |     routine       |     in high  |     high         |
|    |         |     inspection    |              |     quantities   |
|    |         |     (2,p53) (5)   |   quantities |     (quick       |
|    |         |                   |     (bus,    |     disconnects, |
|    |         | -   Minimum parts |              |     valves,      |
|    |         |     count         | electronics, |     software,    |
|    |         |     (2,p63-64)    |     power,   |     controllers, |
|    |         |     (5)           |     ac       |     PLCs,        |
|    |         |                   | tuators,...) |     sensors,...) |
|    |         | -   Minimum       |     (1, p5)  |     (2,p41-43)   |
|    |         |                   |              |     (5)          |
|    |         |    susceptibility |              |                  |
|    |         |     to critical   |              |                  |
|    |         |     fatigue (5)   |              |                  |
+----+---------+-------------------+--------------+------------------+
|    | **M     | -   Margins in    | -            | -   Ground       |
|    | argin** |     structures    |  Performance |     systems      |
|    |         |     that          |     to       |     robust to    |
|    |         |     eliminate     |     provide  |     failures     |
|    |         |     intrusive     |     for      |     through      |
|    |         |     inspections   |     payload  |     redundancies |
|    |         |     for           |              |     for critical |
|    |         |     corrosion,    |  flexibility |     systems (5)  |
|    |         |     primer,       |     and      |                  |
|    |         |     defects (5)   |     growth   | -                |
|    |         |                   |     (1, p12) |    Ground/flight |
|    |         | -   Robust,       |     (2,      |     sys. with    |
|    |         |     weather       |     p58-59)  |     requirements |
|    |         |     tolerant TPS  |              |     capable of   |
|    |         |     (2, p22-24)   |              |     being        |
|    |         |                   |              |     satisfied by |
|    |         | -   Robust,       |              |     wide array   |
|    |         |     weather       |              |     of COTS      |
|    |         |     tolerant      |              |     products (5) |
|    |         |     windows (5)   |              |                  |
|    |         |                   |              |                  |
|    |         | (2,p13-16,p25-26) |              |                  |
+----+---------+-------------------+--------------+------------------+
| ** |         | -   Leak          | -   Checkout | -   Maintenance  |
| Au |         |     *location* /  |     of       |     tracking and |
| to |         |     diagnostics   |     payload  |     scheduling   |
| ma |         |     (not just     |              |     to subsystem |
| te |         |     detection)    |    interface |     level (5)    |
| ** |         |     (3)           |     to       |                  |
|    |         |                   |     vehicle  | -   Failure      |
|    |         | -   Landing gear  |     (4, p33) |     reporting    |
|    |         |     ground (test) |              |     system (5)   |
|    |         |     operations    | -   Cruise   |                  |
|    |         |     (4, GNC8)     |              | -   Launch       |
|    |         |                   |   operations |     processing   |
|    |         | -   Add / build   |     (5)      |     operations   |
|    |         |     in integrated |              |     and mission  |
|    |         |     vehicle       | -            |     planning (5) |
|    |         |     health        |   Scientific |                  |
|    |         |     management    |     data     | -   Flight crew  |
|    |         |     (IVHM)        |              |     active       |
|    |         |     systems (4,   |   collection |     control      |
|    |         |     GNC 13)       |     and      |     functions    |
|    |         |                   |              |     (5)          |
|    |         | -                 | distribution |                  |
|    |         |   Brake/anti-skid |     process  | -   Checkout and |
|    |         |     test and      |     (5)      |                  |
|    |         |     checkout (4,  |              |  troubleshooting |
|    |         |     GNC9)         |              |     of flight to |
|    |         |                   |              |     ground       |
|    |         |                   |              |     interfaces   |
|    |         |                   |              |     (fluid,      |
|    |         |                   |              |     power,       |
|    |         |                   |              |                  |
|    |         |                   |              |   communication, |
|    |         |                   |              |     and          |
|    |         |                   |              |     structural)  |
|    |         |                   |              |     (5)          |
|    |         |                   |              |                  |
|    |         |                   |              | -   Ground       |
|    |         |                   |              |     System       |
|    |         |                   |              |     Checkout &   |
|    |         |                   |              |                  |
|    |         |                   |              |  troubleshooting |
|    |         |                   |              |     (5)          |
|    |         |                   |              |                  |
|    |         |                   |              | -   L            |
|    |         |                   |              | oading/servicing |
|    |         |                   |              |     of launch    |
|    |         |                   |              |     vehicle (5)  |
+----+---------+-------------------+--------------+------------------+

***REFERENCES***

1.  [Architectural Assessment Tool]{.underline}, Space Propulsion
    Synergy Team (SPST), Oct., 1997.

2.  [A Guide for the Design of Highly Reusable Space
    Transportation]{.underline}, SPST, Aug., 1997.

3.  [Operationally Efficient Propulsion System Study
    (OEPSS)]{.underline}, Rocketdyne Division, Rockwell International,
    Aug., 1993.

4.  [Shuttle Avionics Testing Constraints and
    Considerations]{.underline}, Carey McCleskey, NASA Kennedy Space
    Center, June, 1995.

5.  For further information, contact Edgar Zapata, 407-861-3955, NASA
    Kennedy Space Center.

![](media/image1.emf){width="4.0in" height="2.629166666666667in"}

***DESIGN GUIDELINES***

A.  Reduce the overall number of different fluids; do not use toxic
    fluids.

B.  Integrate propulsion system components.

C.  Use reliable, commercial off-the-shelf products that are produced in
    high quantities.

D.  Automate checkouts of systems and turnaround facilities.

E.  Design for accessibility without requiring special GSE, access kits,
    or non-affected line-replaceable unit removal.

F.  Minimize interfaces between flight and ground.

Prepared by

Rebecca Cutri-Kohart

+----+--------+--------------------+----------------------------------+
|    |        | ***Propulsion***   | ***Avionics***                   |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        |                    | *(GNC, communication, computing, |
|    |        |                    | power management)*               |
+----+--------+--------------------+----------------------------------+
| *  |        | -   MPS and OMS    | -   Hardware (avionics controls  |
| *I |        |     engine         |     with engine controller,      |
| nt |        |     function (1,   |     vehicle health system, or    |
| eg |        |     p3) (2,        |     ground equipment) (3)        |
| ra |        |     p34-35,72) (3) |                                  |
| te |        |     (5)            | -   Electrical connectors        |
| ** |        |                    |     between flight and ground    |
|    |        | -   OMS and RCS    |     (5)                          |
|    |        |     tanks (1, p3)  |                                  |
|    |        |                    | -   Navigation equipment and     |
|    |        | -   Oxidizer for   |     traditional direct           |
|    |        |     MPS, OMS, RCS, |     air-stream sensing (4,       |
|    |        |     power, thermal |     GNC16)                       |
|    |        |     management (1, |                                  |
|    |        |     p8) (2,        |                                  |
|    |        |     p22,34,58)     |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Fuel types,    |                                  |
|    |        |     use identical  |                                  |
|    |        |     fuel grades    |                                  |
|    |        |     for common     |                                  |
|    |        |     fluid systems  |                                  |
|    |        |     (2, p58) (5)   |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Interfaces     |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        |  (connectors/quick |                                  |
|    |        |     disconnects)   |                                  |
|    |        |     between flight |                                  |
|    |        |     and ground (3) |                                  |
|    |        |     (5)            |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   N-turbopumps   |                                  |
|    |        |     with X-engines |                                  |
|    |        |     to minimize    |                                  |
|    |        |     the count of   |                                  |
|    |        |     turbopumps     |                                  |
|    |        |     (shared        |                                  |
|    |        |     turbopumps)    |                                  |
|    |        |     (2, p72) (3)   |                                  |
|    |        |     (5)            |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Engine         |                                  |
|    |        |     controllers    |                                  |
|    |        |     (share with    |                                  |
|    |        |     engines and/or |                                  |
|    |        |     avionics) (3)  |                                  |
+----+--------+--------------------+----------------------------------+
| *  |        | -   Toxic          | -   Toxic cooling fluids, such   |
| *E |        |     propellants    |     as freons, ammonia (1,p8)    |
| li |        |     (1, p8) (2,    |     (2, p22-24,58-59,68)         |
| mi |        |     p22-24,68) (5) |                                  |
| na |        |                    | -   Need for multiple telemetry  |
| te |        | -   Confined       |     formats (downlink and        |
| ** |        |     spaces with    |     downlist) (4, Gen2)          |
|    |        |     hazardous      |                                  |
|    |        |     fluid          | -   Active cooling for avionics  |
|    |        |     potential (2,  |     boxes (4, Gen3)              |
|    |        |     p30-31,68) (3) |                                  |
|    |        |     (5)            | -   Checkout requirements due to |
|    |        |                    |     connector demates/remates    |
|    |        | -   GHe/GN2 purges |     (4, Gen4)                    |
|    |        |     for confined   |                                  |
|    |        |     spaces (1,     | -   Possibility of engine        |
|    |        |     p 6) (2,       |     collision (4, GNC2)          |
|    |        |     p39-40)        |                                  |
|    |        |                    | -   Procedural restrictions on   |
|    |        | -   Confined       |     actuator movement (4, GNC5)  |
|    |        |     spaces         |                                  |
|    |        |     requiring      | -   Special cleaning/access      |
|    |        |     environmental  |     requirements (such as for    |
|    |        |     conditioning   |     the star tracker lens and    |
|    |        |     (1, p 6) (2, p |     light shade inspections)     |
|    |        |     39-40)         |     (4,GNC14)                    |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Fluid joints   | -   Materials that outgas        |
|    |        |     and electrical |     (4,GNC15)                    |
|    |        |     conductor      |                                  |
|    |        |     counts (2,     |                                  |
|    |        |     p58-59)        |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Large number   |                                  |
|    |        |     of gases for   |                                  |
|    |        |     flight         |                                  |
|    |        |     operations (1, |                                  |
|    |        |     p9)            |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Active engine  |                                  |
|    |        |     events during  |                                  |
|    |        |     flight         |                                  |
|    |        |     (staging,      |                                  |
|    |        |     mixture ratio  |                                  |
|    |        |     changing,      |                                  |
|    |        |     throttling,    |                                  |
|    |        |     mode changes)  |                                  |
|    |        |     (1, p4) (3)    |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Turbopump      |                                  |
|    |        |     inner seal     |                                  |
|    |        |     purge (2,      |                                  |
|    |        |     p44-45) (3)    |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   LOX pump seal  |                                  |
|    |        |     leakage (3)    |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Helium gas     |                                  |
|    |        |     usage,         |                                  |
|    |        |     pneumatic      |                                  |
|    |        |     valve          |                                  |
|    |        |     actuators (5)  |                                  |
|    |        |     (3)            |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Helium gas     |                                  |
|    |        |     usage for      |                                  |
|    |        |     pressurization |                                  |
|    |        |     (3)            |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Leak           |                                  |
|    |        |     potentials     |                                  |
|    |        |     (minimize) (3) |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Distributive   |                                  |
|    |        |     hydraulic      |                                  |
|    |        |     systems (1,    |                                  |
|    |        |     p8) (2,        |                                  |
|    |        |     p22-24,68) (5) |                                  |
+----+--------+--------------------+----------------------------------+
| *  | *      | -   Built-in-test, | -   Minimum fluid interfaces (2, |
| ** | *Maint |                    |     p44-47)                      |
| De | ainabi |   troubleshooting, |                                  |
| si | lity** |     and            | -   Minimum wire count (4, Gen4) |
| gn |        |     diagnostics    |                                  |
| I  |        |     (1, p10) (2,   | -   Minimum connector interfaces |
| n* |        |     p27-28) (3)    |     (2, p44-47)                  |
| ** |        |     (5)            |                                  |
|    |        |                    | -   Minimum attachment           |
|    |        | -   Accessibility  |     interfaces (5)               |
|    |        |     without        |                                  |
|    |        |     requiring      | -   Minimum the number of        |
|    |        |     special GSE,   |     checkouts required (2, p67)  |
|    |        |     access kits,   |                                  |
|    |        |     or             | -   Ergonomic access to line     |
|    |        |     non-effected   |     replaceable units (LRU) -    |
|    |        |     line           |     accessibility without        |
|    |        |     replaceable    |     requiring special GSE,       |
|    |        |     unit removal   |     access kits or non-effected  |
|    |        |     (1, p 6) (5)   |     LRU removal (4, Gen9)        |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Minimum number | -   Built-in-Tests (BIT) to      |
|    |        |     of different   |     monitor vehicle health and   |
|    |        |     propellants    |     troubleshoot (5)             |
|    |        |     (5)            |                                  |
|    |        |                    | -   Installation and fastening   |
|    |        | -                  |     devices (4, Gen10)           |
|    |        | Electro-mechanical |                                  |
|    |        |     actuators      |                                  |
|    |        |     (EMA) or       |                                  |
|    |        |     e              |                                  |
|    |        | lectro-hydrostatic |                                  |
|    |        |     (EHA)          |                                  |
|    |        |     actuators for  |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        |  gimbaling/TVC (5) |                                  |
|    |        |     (3)            |                                  |
+----+--------+--------------------+----------------------------------+
|    | **R    | -   Commercial     | -   Commercial off-the-shelf     |
|    | eliabi |     off-the-shelf  |     products produced in high    |
|    | lity** |     products       |     quantities (such as          |
|    |        |     produced in    |     software, processors,        |
|    |        |     high           |     displays,...) (1, p5)        |
|    |        |     quantities     |                                  |
|    |        |     (such as       |                                  |
|    |        |     electronics,   |                                  |
|    |        |     controls,      |                                  |
|    |        |     valves,        |                                  |
|    |        |     sensors,...)   |                                  |
|    |        |     (1, p5) (3)    |                                  |
|    |        |                    |                                  |
|    |        | -   Expert systems |                                  |
|    |        |     to control     |                                  |
|    |        |     complex        |                                  |
|    |        |     loading and    |                                  |
|    |        |     launch         |                                  |
|    |        |     operations (5) |                                  |
+----+--------+--------------------+----------------------------------+
|    | **Ma   | -   Operate        | -   In temperature and other     |
|    | rgin** |     engines        |     operating environment        |
|    |        |     farther from   |     restrictions (4, GNC6)       |
|    |        |     the design     |                                  |
|    |        |     edge - less    | -   Hardware immunity to         |
|    |        |     than 100% of   |     contamination and physical   |
|    |        |     design/test    |     damage (4, GNC15)            |
|    |        |     thrust rating  |                                  |
|    |        |     (2, p25-26)    |                                  |
+----+--------+--------------------+----------------------------------+
| ** |        | -   Turnaround     | -   Functions on-board vehicle   |
| Au |        |     functions,     |     instead of or in addition to |
| to |        |     such as leak,  |     ground (4, Gen6)             |
| ma |        |     valve,         |                                  |
| te |        |     electrical,    | -   Redundant power verification |
| ** |        |     hydraulic, and |     during power-up or system    |
|    |        |     engine systems |     activation (4, Gen13)        |
|    |        |     checkouts (2,  |                                  |
|    |        |     p49-51)        | -   Checkout of redundant        |
|    |        |                    |     systems (4, Gen8)            |
|    |        | -   Interface      |                                  |
|    |        |     connec         | -   Checkout functions for       |
|    |        | tion/disconnection |     motorized systems (5)        |
|    |        |     for fluid and  |                                  |
|    |        |     electrical     |                                  |
|    |        |     checkouts (5)  |                                  |
+----+--------+--------------------+----------------------------------+

***Space Transportation Systems***

***Operability***

![](media/image2.emf){width="1.3020833333333333in"
height="1.3854166666666667in"}

***Quick Reference***