CONSTRUCTION STANDARD SPECIFICATION

SECTION 15401

[PLUMBING]{.underline}

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[[PART 1 - GENERAL 2]{.underline}](#general)

[1.01 Summary 2](#summary)

[1.02 References 2](#references)

[1.03 Submittals 4](#submittals)

[1.04 Quality Assurance 5](#section)

[PART 2 - PRODUCTS 6](#products)

[2.01 Acceptable Manufacturers 6](#acceptable-manufacturers)

[2.02 Plumbing Materials 6](#plumbing-materials)

[2.03 Valves 7](#valves)

[2.04 Strainers, Flanges And Unions 9](#strainers-flanges-and-unions)

[2.05 Cleanouts 9](#cleanouts)

[2.06 Plumbing Fixtures 10](#plumbing-fixtures)

[2.07 Equipment 12](#equipment)

[PART 3 - EXECUTION 13](#execution)

[3.01 Plumbing Installation 13](#plumbing-installation)

[3.02 Soil, Waste, And Vent Piping Installation 20](#section-1)

[3.03 Polypropylene And Pvdf Piping Installation
20](#polypropylene-and-pvdf-piping-installation)

[3.04 Fixture And Equipment Installation
20](#fixture-and-equipment-installation)

[3.05 Tests 21](#tests)

[3.06 Disinfection 21](#disinfection)

CONSTRUCTION STANDARD SPECIFICATION

SECTION 15401

[PLUMBING]{.underline}

# [GENERAL]{.underline} {#general .SECTION-1}

## SUMMARY {#summary .SECTION1.01}

A.  This specification, in conjunction with the design drawings and
    other contract documents, specifies materials and operations
    required for the installation of interior plumbing systems. Systems
    covered by this document are: domestic hot and cold water,
    non-potable water; sanitary waste, drain and vent; laboratory waste,
    drain and vent; roof drains; and indirect or special drains.
    Operations include the specification of piping, fittings, valves,
    joints, fixtures, equipment, tests, and disinfection.

B.  Pipe and fittings to be used for modifications or additions shall be
    the same material (galvanized steel, copper, etc.) as the existing
    systems being modified, and shall conform to the following unless
    otherwise indicated on the applicable contract drawings.

## REFERENCES {#references .SECTION1.01}

The current editions of the following standards are to be considered a
part of this specification.

A.  Sandia National Laboratories Standard Specifications

Section 01300 Submittals

Section 02200 Earthwork

Section 09900 Painting

Section 15050 Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods

Section 15083 Piping and Equipment Insulation

C.  American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads

B1.2 Gages and Gaging for Unified Inch Screw Threads

B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)

B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe, Flanges and Flanged Fittings

B16.3 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings Classes 150 and 300

B16.4 Gray Iron Threaded fittings Classes 125 and 250

B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

B16.9 Factory-made Wrought Steel Butt Welding Fittings

B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welding and Threaded

B16.12 Cast Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings

B16.22 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings

B16.23 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Drainage Fittings

B16.24 Bronze Pipe, Flanges and Flanged Fittings (Class 150 and 300)

B16.34 Valves - Flanged, Threaded and Welding End

B31.3 Process Piping

Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes

D.  American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

Z358.1 Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment

D. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

A53 Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot Dipped, Zinc
Coated, Welded and Seamless

A74 Standard Specification for Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings

A307 Standard Specification for Steel Bolts and Studs, 60,000 psi
Tensile Strength

A518 Standard Specification for Corrosion Resistant High Silicon Iron
Castings

B88 Standard Specification for Copper Water Tube

D3222 Standard Specification for Unmodified PVDF Molding Extrusion and
Coating Materials

D4101 Standard Specification for Propylene Plastic Injection and
Extrusion Materials

E84 Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building
Materials

F1412 Standard Specification for Polyolefin Pipe and Fittings for
Corrosive Waste Drainage Systems

F1673 Standard Specification for Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)
Corrosive Waste Drainage Systems

E.  American Waterworks Association (AWWA): C651 Disinfecting Water
    Mains

F.  American Welding Society (AWS): A5.8 Specification for Brazing
    Filler Metal

G.  Cast Iron Soil Pipe Institute (CISPI)

301 Cast Soil Pipe and Fittings for Hubless Cast Iron Sanitary Systems

H.  International Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (UL)

I.  Code Council (ICC) -- International Plumbing Code (IPC)

J.  Americans With Disability Act -- Title 28 CFR Part 36 -- ADA
    Standards for Accessible Design

## SUBMITTALS {#submittals .SECTION1.01}

A.  Where specific manufacturer or model numbers are mentioned in these
    specifications, proposed substitutions shall be included in the
    submittal package.

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K.  Submittals shall be as per Section 01330, "Descriptive Submittals".

L.  Pipe materials, valves, equipment, and accessories not listed in
    this specification under PART - 2 - PRODUCTS shall be submitted for
    approval.

M.  Relief valves require submittals for approval.

N.  Backflow preventers require submittals for approval.

O.  All Welders, Brazers and Fusion Welded Plastic Pipe Installers
    certifications shall be submitted prior to start of work, to the SDR
    for verification of quality assurance requirement of SNL 15401
    Plumbing Specification.

##  {#section .SECTION1.01}

## QUALITY ASSURANCE {#quality-assurance .SECTION1.01}

A.  Welding Materials:

Shall conform to ASME code for Pressure Piping, ASME B31.3, and Process
Piping.

P.  Welding, Brazing or Soldering:

    1.  Employ welders certified in accordance with ASME Boiler and
        Pressure Vessel Code, as modified by ASME B31.3, Process Piping.

    2.  Brazing: Certify brazing procedures, brazers, and operators in
        accordance with ASME B31.3, Process Piping, for shop and jobsite
        brazing of piping work.

    3.  Qualify welding/brazing processes and welder/brazer performance
        in accordance with AWS B2.2, Standard for Brazing Procedure and
        Performance Qualification, or ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
        Code, Section IX. Certify that each welder/brazer has
        satisfactorily passed AWS or an ASME qualification test for the
        welding/brazing processes involved and, if pertinent, has
        undergone re-certification.

    4.  Certification of procedures and operators applies for both shop
        and job site welding and brazing of pipe work.

    5.  Performance qualification of welders/brazers shall remain in
        effect indefinitely unless the welder/brazer does not weld or
        braze with the qualified procedure for a period exceeding 12
        months, or if there is a specific reason to question the ability
        of the welder/brazer.

    6.  Welder/brazers shall comply with SNL Construction Specification
        01065, ES&H for Construction and Service Contracts, Section
        1.05.E Hot Work Permit.

    7.  Soldering: Conform to ASME B31.3, Process Piping and Copper
        Development Association recommended practices.

Q.  Laboratory/Process/Acid Waste And Vent Piping Installers:

    1.  Shall be product manufacturer representative certified for the
        specific product/piping being installed.

# [PRODUCTS]{.underline} {#products .SECTION-1}

## ACCEPTABLE MANUFACTURERS {#acceptable-manufacturers .SECTION1.01}

The following products and materials shall be used unless shown
otherwise on the drawings. Other manufacturers of products of equal or
better quality and characteristics may be submitted on in addition to
those listed in this specification. The manufacturers listed under this
section supply products of acceptable type, quality, and performance.

## PLUMBING MATERIALS {#plumbing-materials .SECTION1.01}

A.  Potable Piping:

    1.  Plumbing for potable systems shall be lead-free per Public Law
        99-339, Safe Drinking Water Act.

    2.  Lead-free is defined as no more than 0.2 percent lead in solder
        and solder flux, and no more than 8 percent lead in pipe and
        fittings.

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R.  Domestic Hot and Cold Water, Non-Potable Water, and Pressure Drain
    Piping:

    1.  Above Grade: Piping shall be Type L hard drawn copper tubing,
        ASTM B88, with wrought copper solder type fittings conforming to
        ANSI B16.22, or cast copper alloy solder joint fittings
        conforming to ANSI B16.18, or cast copper alloy flanged fittings
        Class 150 conforming to ANSI B16.24. Screwed joints in piping
        are restricted to pipe sizes 2\" and smaller.

> Exception: Modifications to existing steel systems may use schedule
> 40, galvanized steel pipe, ASTM A53, Grade A or B, with 150 pound
> galvanized malleable iron screwed fittings conforming to ANSI B16.3.

2.  Below Grade: Type K copper tubing shall be used. When piping is
    installed within a building and within or under a concrete slab, it
    shall be installed without joints. Where joints are unavoidable,
    they shall be brazed.

    a.  Protective pipe covering shall be factory or field applied
        according to manufacturers written instructions.

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    1.  2 ½ Inches or Larger: Products shall be Polyken No. 1027 primer
        and Polyken No. 930-35 tape coating, 35 mil, 21 kV dielectric
        strength, as manufactured by Tyco adhesives, Corrosion
        Protection Group. Minimum1 inch overlap required.

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    1.  2 Inches and Smaller: Products shall be 27 MIL plastic sleeve
        protector. LSP Products Group, Plasti-Sleeve or equivalent.

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S.  Soil, Waste, Drain, and Vent Piping: Cast iron soil pipe, fittings
    and connections shall comply with CISPI guidelines.

    1.  Below Grade: Piping shall be service weight hub and spigot (with
        gasket) coated cast iron and shall conform to ASTM A74.

    2.  Above Grade: Piping shall be Schedule 40, galvanized steel pipe,
        ASTM A53, with threaded, galvanized cast iron Durham drainage
        fittings, ANSI B16.12; or DWV copper pipe with solder joint DWV
        wrought copper fittings; or service weight hub-spigot (with
        gasket) coated cast iron pipe and fittings conforming to ASTM
        A74; or hubless cast iron pipe and fittings conforming to CISPI
        301.

T.  Laboratory/Process/Acid Waste and Vent Piping: For acid and caustic
    resistant drains.

    1.  From lab waste to neutralizing tank and vent piping: Pipe and
        fittings shall be flame retardant Schedule 40 Polypropylene (GF
        \"Fuseal II\" PPFR Group 1 63153 or Enfield \"Enfusion\" Type
        II-37206) or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) (Fuseal 25/50 PVDF)
        or Spears Labwaste (CPVC). Polypropylene pipe shall conform to
        ASTM F1412 and ASTM D4101. The PVDF pipe shall conform to ASTM
        F1673, ASTM E84, and ASTM D3222. Joints and fittings shall be
        DWV electric fusion and made of the same material as the piping.

    2.  From neutralizing tank to sewer main: Pipe and fittings shall be
        per Soil, Waste Drain and Vent Piping above.

    3.  Connection to equipment and fixtures in accessible locations
        shall be made with mechanical joints.

    4.  Connection to existing systems of different materials shall be
        made with the appropriate adapter provided by the Contractor.

U.  Roof Drain Leaders:

    1.  Below Grade: Leaders shall be service weight hub and spigot
        coated cast iron and shall conform to ASTM A74.

    2.  Above Grade: Schedule 40 galvanized steel pipe, ASTM A53, with
        galvanized cast iron screwed drainage fittings, ANSI B16.12; or
        service weight hub-spigot coated cast iron pipe and fittings
        conforming to ASTM A74; or hubless cast iron pipe and fittings
        conforming to CISPI 301.

V.  Equipment Drains And Indirect Waste: Piping shall be Schedule 40
    galvanized steel pipe, ASTM A53, with galvanized cast iron screwed
    drainage fittings conforming to ANSI B16.12 or DWV copper pipe with
    DWV wrought copper fittings in compliance with ANSI B16.29.

## VALVES {#valves .SECTION1.01}

A.  Gate:

    1.  2 Inch and Smaller: Class 125, solder or threaded ends, bronze
        body, rising stem, screwed bonnet, and solid wedge. Nibco S-111
        or Nibco T-111 or equivalent.

    2.  

    3.  2½ Inches and Larger: Class 125, flanged ends, OS&Y, iron body,
        bronze trim, rising stem, and solid wedge. Nibco F-617-0 or
        equivalent.

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W.  Ball:

    1.  2 Inches and Smaller: bronze body, blow-out proof captive stem,
        double Teflon seats, full ported, stainless steel or chrome
        plated brass ball, 2-piece, threaded or soldered ends. Nibco
        T-585-70 or S-585-70. Or a 3-piece bronze body, full port,
        stainless steel trim, with a blowout-proof stem. Nibco T or
        S-595-Y or equivalent.

    2.  2½ Inches to 3 Inches: Two or three-piece bronze body, blow-out
        proof captive stainless steel stem, double Teflon seals and
        seats, full ported, stainless steel or chrome plated brass ball
        and threaded ends. Nibco T-585-70-66 or Nibco T-585-Y.

    3.  4 Inches and Larger: Class 150, flanged ends, carbon steel body
        with 316 stainless steel trim, uni-body design, full ported,
        blow-out proof captive stainless steel stem and ball, and Teflon
        seat. Nibco F-510-CS-R-66-FS.

X.  Globe:

    1.  2 Inches and Smaller: Class 125, screwed ends, bronze body,
        inside screw, screw-in bonnet, renewable seat and disc. Nibco
        T-211 or equivalent.

    2.  2½ Inches and Larger: Class 125, iron body conforming to ASTM
        A126 Class B, bronze trim, flanged ends, bolted bonnet, bronze
        disc, replaceable seats. Nibco F-718-B or equivalent.

Y.  Butterfly:

    1.  2½ Inches through 6 Inches: 200 psi working pressure, ductile
        iron body, aluminum/bronze disc, stainless steel shaft,
        resilient seat, O-ring seals, lug type for dead-end service,
        lever operator. Nibco LD2000 series.

    2.  8 Inches and Larger: 150 or 200 working pressure, ductile iron
        body, aluminum/bronze disc, stainless steel shaft, resilient
        seat, O-ring seals, lug type for dead-end service, gear
        operator. Nibco LD1000 or LD2000 series dependent on the
        application.

Z.  Check Valve:

    1.  2 Inches and Smaller: Class 125, threaded ends, bronze body, Y
        pattern, renewable seat and disk, and screw cap. Nibco T-413 or
        equivalent.

    2.  2½ Inches and Larger: Class 125, iron body, silent check,
        flanged ends, globe style, spring actuated, renewable seats and
        disc, bronze trim or 316 stainless steel trim. Nibco F-910 or
        equivalent.

A.  Vertical Check: 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 125, threaded ends,
    bronze body, spring actuated, inline vertical lift type, TFE seat
    ring. Nibco T-480-Y or equivalent.

B.  Needle: 1 Inch and Smaller: Rated at 600 psi and 300°F, positive
    shut-off for gauges, brass. Weiss Instruments 25NVBR or equivalent.

## STRAINERS, FLANGES AND UNIONS {#strainers-flanges-and-unions .SECTION1.01}

A.  Strainers:

    1.  2 Inches and Smaller: Threaded ends, cast bronze body with
        screwed cap, and 20-mesh 304 stainless steel screen for water
        service. Watts series 777S.

    2.  2½ Inches and Larger: Flanged ends, cast iron body and bolted
        cap, 20-mesh stainless steel screen for water service. Watts
        series 77-DI-125.

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C.  Flanges:

    1.  1-1/2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150, forged steel, screwed, ANSI
        B16.5.

    2.  2 Inches and Larger: Class 150, forged steel welding neck, ANSI
        B16.5.

    3.  Copper Systems: Class 150, Cast Copper or Bronze, ANSI B16.23 or
        ANSI 16.24.

D.  Unions:

Piping unions shall be of the ground joint type constructed from
materials equivalent in alloy composition and strength to other fittings
prescribed with which they are used. Union pressure classes and end
connections shall be the same as the fittings used in the lines with the
unions.

1.  Steel unions shall have hardened stainless steel seating surfaces on
    both faces.

2.  Copper Unions: MSS SP-123, cast-copper-alloy, hexagonal-stock body,
    with ball-and-socket, metal-to-metal seating surfaces, and
    solder-joint or threaded ends.

3.  Dielectric unions shall not be used to join two dissimilar materials
    (ferrous and non-ferrous metallic.) Use Brass fittings, valves or
    unions to join dissimilar materials.

## CLEANOUTS {#cleanouts .SECTION1.01}

A.  Floor Cleanout: Fully adjustable, coated cast iron body with nickel
    bronze scoriated top. Zurn ZN-1400 (Normal Traffic) or ZN-1400-HD
    (Heavy Traffic)

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E.  Wall Cleanouts: Coated cast iron body with ABS plug and smooth
    stainless steel access cover. Zurn Z-1441 or Z-1445.

F.  Acid Resistant Cleanouts: Cleanouts for acid resistant waste lines
    shall be of the same material as the connecting waste pipes or
    approved equal.

## PLUMBING FIXTURES {#plumbing-fixtures .SECTION1.01}

Unless specified otherwise on the contract drawings, provide plumbing
fixtures as listed below. Ordinary plumbing fixtures are specified here.
Refer to the contract drawings for laboratory and special equipment.
Fixtures shall be white and furnished with all trim and accessories
required for a complete installation. Fixtures shall be provided with
stop valves on both hot and cold water supplies. Metal trimmings on
fixtures and exposed piping to fixtures, unless otherwise noted, shall
be chromium plated with chromium-plated escutcheons. Toilets and
lavatories shall be mounted on approved carriers or as indicated on the
drawings.

Flushometer valves shall be sensor operated when called out on drawings
as such and shall be manufactured by Sloan or Zurn. No substitutions
allowed. If different manufactures are specified on the contract
drawings, an equivalent Sloan or Zurn shall be supplied.

A.  Toilets

    1.  Floor Mounted, Tank Type: American Standard elongated "Cadet",
        2998.012 (18" high) or 2898.012 (14" high) elongated bowl, water
        saver, siphon jet closet, Olsonite #95 open front seat.

    2.  Floor Mounted, Flush Valve Type: American Standard "Madera", No.
        2305.100, water saver, siphon jet closet, elongated bowl with
        Sloan Royal Optima #111-ES-S sensor operated flush valve or
        Sloan Royal #111 flush valve or Zurn ZESS-6000XL-WS1 sensor
        operated flush valve or Zurn Z-6000XL-WS1 and Olsonite #95 white
        open front seat.

    3.  Wall hung, Flush Valve Type: American Standard "Afwall", No.
        2257.103, water saver, top spud, siphon jet closet, elongated
        bowl with Sloan Royal Optima #111-ES-S sensor operated flush
        valve or Sloan Royal #111 flush valve or Zurn ZESS-6000XL-WS1
        sensor operated flush valve or Zurn Z-6000XL-WS1 and Olsonite
        #95 white open front seat.

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G.  Urinal:

American Standard "Washbrook", No. 6501.010, wall hung and approved wall
hanger with Sloan Royal Optima 186--1.0 ES-S sensor operated flush valve
or Sloan Royal 186-1.0 flush valve or Zurn ZESS-6003XL-WS1 sensor
operated flush valve or Zurn Z-6003XL-WS1.

H.  Lavatories & Faucets:

    1.  Kohler \"Farmington\", No. K2905-4, in-counter mount self
        rimming, white enameled cast iron oval bowl, 4 in. faucet
        centers.

    2.  Kohler \"Hudson\", No. K2861, wall-mount, white enameled cast
        iron bowl, 4 in. faucet centers.

    3.  Faucets:

        a.  Manual: Chicago Faucets No. 802-317CP, 4 inch centers with
            integral spout, wrist blade handles, ADA compliant, solid
            brass body and spout, heavy chrome plate finish, quarter
            turn self-contained cartridge, pressure compensating 2.2
            GPM.

        b.  Automatic, when specifically called out for on drawings:
            Sloan Faucet No. ETF-80-4-P-BDM-ETF-1028-A, 4 inch center
            electronic lavatory faucet, ADA compliant, sensor activated,
            24 VAC, chrome plated cast brass, 1.5 GPM laminar flow spray
            head, plug-in transformer, below deck manual mixing valve.

I.  Service Sink:

Kohler, No. K-6710, Floor-mounted, white enameled cast iron, with wire
rim guard, chrome faucet with lever handles, vacuum breaker, rubber hose
and wall hook, with No. K9146 perforated strainer.

J.  Wall Hydrant:

    1.  Walls with Exposed Finished Interior- Zurn No. Z-1333, Moderate
        Climate, ¾\" hose connection, with anti-siphon, automatic
        draining, polished brass with operating key.

    2.  Walls at Partitions or with Unfinished Interior - Zurn No. 1310,
        Exposed, non-freeze, anti-siphon, auromatic draining, polished
        bronze face, ¾" hose connection, and operating key.

K.  Drinking Fountains, Electric:

New drinking fountains shall be barrier-free. Haws Model No. HWCA8. Wall
mounted, steel with baked enamel finish, 7.5 GPH at 80°F inlet, 90°F
ambient, 115/60/1, R134 refrigerant, provided with 3 wire grounding type
cord and plug, UL listed.

L.  Emergency Shower and Eyewash:

    1.  Inside: emergency showers and eyewash stations are to be
        barrier-free. Bradley, Model No. S19-310BF, stainless steel bowl
        and Face Spray Ring. Provisions for vertical or horizontal
        supply. Shower valve to be 1\" IPS stay-open ball valve. Eyewash
        valve to be 3/4\" IPS stay open hand operated ball valve. Units
        shall meet ANSI Z358.1.

    2.  Outside: emergency showers and eyewash stations are to be frost
        proof. Bradley Model No. S19-310HFP, stainless steel bowl and
        face spray ring. Provisions for vertical or horizontal supply.
        Shower valve to be 1\" IPS stay-open ball valve. Eyewash valve
        to be 3/4\" IPS stay open hand operated ball valve. Units shall
        meet ANSI Z358.1.

## EQUIPMENT {#equipment .SECTION1.01}

Equipment required for installation on this contract shall be as
specified and as shown on the applicable contract drawings and shall be
furnished complete with accessories normally supplied with the catalog
item listed and other accessories necessary for a complete and
satisfactory operating system.

A.  Domestic Water Heaters:

    1.  Domestic water heaters shall be commercial grade, stock catalog
        item of standard manufacturer, glass lined, and unconditionally
        guaranteed for a minimum of 10 years. Insulation shall be
        fiberglass with minimum R-value of 5. Tank shall be nameplate
        rated for 127.5 psig (minimum working pressure) and shall be
        constructed. For input ratings 200,000 BTUH and above certified
        and stamped to meet ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

    2.  Manufacturer\'s ASME Data Sheets shall be submitted per SNL
        Construction Specification 01330, Submittal Procedure.

    3.  Dip tubes, hot and cold water supply nipples, and baffles or
        heat traps used in the tank shall be made to withstand a
        temperature of 400°F without deteriorating in any manner.

    4.  Gas burners shall be of the high recovery type and AGA and UL
        listed. Electric water heaters shall be UL listed.

    5.  Water heaters shall be provided with ASME Boiler and Pressure
        Vessel Code certified and stamped combination temperature and
        pressure relief valves with test lever.

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M.  Hot Water Storage Tanks:

    1.  Tanks shall be constructed, certified and stamped to meet ASME
        Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Tanks shall be glass lined, and
        provided with a thermometer and thermometer well installed at
        the points where the water enters and leaves the tank.

    2.  Tanks 80 gallons and larger shall have a 12\" x 16\" manhole.

    3.  Tanks, regardless of size, shall be provided with an ASME
        combination temperature and pressure relief valve with test
        lever.

    4.  Manufacturer\'s ASME Data Sheets shall be submitted for approval
        and record keeping per SNL Construction Specification 01330,
        Submittal Procedure Product Data.

N.  Temperature and Pressure Relief Valves:

    1.  All temperature and pressure relief valves shall be in
        compliance with IPC.

    2.  Relief valves shall be factory set; ASME listed, certified, and
        stamped.

    3.  Relief valves shall be sized to relieve the unregulated capacity
        of the Pressure Regulating Valve (PRV), burner, or heating
        element.

# [EXECUTION]{.underline} {#execution .SECTION-1}

## PLUMBING INSTALLATION {#plumbing-installation .SECTION1.01}

A.  Contamination Prevention:

    1.  Pipe interiors shall be kept free of debris.

    2.  Interior surfaces of potable water pipes, valves and fittings
        shall be protected against contamination, as well as debris. All
        openings in pipelines shall be closed with watertight plugs when
        work is halted on the system. Sealing and packing materials
        shall not support the growth of bacteria. Trenches that become
        wet shall be treated with calcium hypochlorite granules to
        prevent bacterial growth.

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O.  General:

    1.  Plumbing accommodations in government facilities shall conform
        to 28 CFR Part 36, Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability
        by Public Accommodations in Commercial Facilities.

    2.  The installation of the plumbing systems shall conform to the
        International Plumbing Code (IPC) and this specification.

    3.  Plumbing installation shall be coordinated with respect to space
        available for heating, ventilating, and electrical installation.
        In case of conflict in the routing of the piping and the
        ducting, the routing of the ducting shall govern. Installed
        piping shall not interfere with the operation or accessibility
        of doors or windows; shall not encroach on aisles, passageways,
        and equipment; and shall not interfere with the servicing or
        maintenance of equipment. Pipe shall be cut accurately to
        measurements established at the construction site and shall be
        worked into place without springing or forcing, properly
        clearing all openings and equipment. Pipe shall not be bent.
        Cutting or weakening of structural members to facilitate piping
        installation is not permitted.

    4.  Plumbing installation shall maintain the working spaces around
        electrical equipment as required by NEC Section 110.26 F1,
        "Spaces About Electrical Equipment". Replacement of existing
        metal water piping shall not occur without first ascertaining
        how the electrical ground system is configured.

    5.  Pipes shall have burrs removed by reaming and shall be so
        installed as to permit free expansion and contraction without
        damage to joints or hangers. Piping above ground shall be run
        parallel with the lines of the building unless otherwise noted
        on the drawings. Unless otherwise shown on the drawings,
        horizontal piping shall pitch down in the direction of flow with
        grade of not less than 1\" in 40 feet. Piping connections to
        equipment shall be in accordance with details shown on the
        drawings. Service pipe, valves, and fittings shall be kept a
        sufficient distance from other work to permit finished surface
        not less than 1\" from such other work.

    6.  Protect chrome or special finishes. Do not install such with
        abrasive tools.and not less than 1/2\" between finished covering
        on the different services.

P.  Reducers: Reduction in pipe sizes shall be made with one-piece
    reducing fittings. Forged bushings reducing at least two pipe sizes
    will be acceptable only when there is no room for manufactured
    reducing couplings or swaged nipples. Cast bushings are not
    acceptable.

Q.  Unions or Flanges: Unions or flanges shall be installed whenever
    threaded connections are used on equipment, instruments, or relief
    valve discharge lines.

R.  Installation of Valves: Valves shall be installed at the locations
    shown on the drawings and where specified. All valves shall be
    installed with their stems between the horizontal and the 90-degree
    vertical. Provide access to all concealed valves by means of access
    doors furnished and installed by the Contractor.

S.  Hangers and Supports:

    1.  Piping, unless otherwise directed by governing documents or the
        SDR, shall be rigidly supported from the building structure by
        means of adjustable ring-type, clevis-type, or band-type
        hangers. (WELDING TO BUILDING STRUCTURE WILL NOT BE PERMITTED.)
        Where pipes run side by side, support on rod and angle iron or
        Unistrut trapeze hangers. Hanger spacing shall be as follows:

[Steel Piping]{.underline} [Maximum Spacing]{.underline}

3/8\" and smaller 4\'-0\"

1/2\" through 1\" 7\'-0\"

1-1/4\" through 4\" 10\'-0\"

5\" and larger 12\'-0\"

> [Copper Piping]{.underline} [Maximum Spacing]{.underline}

3/8\" and smaller 4\'-0\"

1/2\" through 1 1/4\" 6\'-0\"

1 1/2\" and larger 10\'-0\"

> [Plastic Piping]{.underline} [Maximum Spacing]{.underline}

1" and smaller 3\'-0\"

1 ¼" and larger 4'-0"

[Cast Iron Piping]{.underline} [Maximum Spacing]{.underline}

5\' lengths 5\'-0\"

10\' lengths 10\'-0\"

Hubless At every joint

2.  Round rods supporting the pipe hangers shall be of the following
    dimensions:

3/8\" to 2\" pipe 3/8\" rod

2-1/2\" to 3\" pipe 1/2\" rod

4\" to 5\" pipe 5/8\" rod

6\" pipe 3/4\" rod

8\" through 12\" 7/8\" rod

14\" through 16\" 1\" rod

3.  Rods for trapeze hangers shall be a minimum of 3/8\" and shall have
    the equivalent cross section listed above per pipe supported. The
    use of pipe hooks, chains, perforated iron strapping or wire for
    pipe supports WILL NOT be permitted.

4.  Hanger rods shall be galvanized carbon steel per ASTM A307, Grade B,
    threaded per ANSI B1.1 coarse thread series, Class 2A fit. Hanger
    rods shall have minimum 6\" threaded ends. Double nut all hangers or
    use a safety tab.

5.  Place a hanger within 1\'-0\" of either side of each horizontal
    elbow.

6.  Hanger rods shall be installed vertically. No offset in hanger rods
    will be permitted.

7.  Use hangers which are vertically adjustable between 1-1/2\" minimum
    and 2" maximum after piping is erected.

8.  Use copper straps on copper pipe and ferrous hangers on ferrous
    pipe.

9.  Soft copper tubing, where permitted, shall be fastened to the
    building structure with Unistrut-type copper pipe clamps and spaced
    not more than 4\'-0\" apart.

10. Fasten vertical pipes to rigid structural members at each floor or
    at 10\'-0\" maximum spacing, unless otherwise directed.

11. On 4\" and larger piping, install hangers adjacent to (within
    1\'-0\" on each side) all strainers, check valves, valves, and all
    flanged items.

12. \"C\" clamp style hanger shall only be installed with retaining
    clip.

13. 

14. Joints:

15. Cast iron pipe joints shall be made in accordance with the
    International Plumbing Code.

    a.  Compression joints for bell and spigot pipe shall have flexible,
        compression factory-fabricated joints composed of a neoprene
        gasketing system in accordance with IPC.

    b.  Hubless joints shall conform to standard specification 301 of
        the Cast Iron Soil Pipe Institute in above ground systems.

16. Flanged Joints: All flanged joints shall be face matched. Raised
    face flanges shall not be mated to flat-faced cast-iron flanges on
    valves or equipment. The raised face must be machined flush. All
    flange boltholes shall straddle the horizontal and vertical
    centerlines unless otherwise noted. Bolting shall comply with
    ANSI/ASME B31.3, Process Piping.

    a.  Install insulating kits on flanges connecting dissimilar metals
        (such as steel to copper) to prevent electrolytic action.

    b.  The following procedure shall be followed when making final
        assembly of a bolted flange joint.

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    1.  Place the gasket on the gasket seating surface and bring the
        cover flange in contact with the gasket. Do not glue the gasket
        in place.

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    1.  Install all bolts, making sure they are free of dirt and grit,
        and are well lubricated.

    2.  Run-up all nuts finger tight.

    3.  Develop the required bolt stress in a minimum of four steps: (1)
        stress the bolts to about 30% of their required stresses,
        tightening one bolt after another according to the cross bolting
        pattern of the flange type, (2) stress to about 60%, tightening
        each bolt one after the another according to the cross bolting
        pattern of the flange type, (3) tighten to 100%, tightening each
        bolt one after the another according to the cross bolting
        pattern of the flange type, and (4) perform final full pass at
        100% torque in a clockwise direction on adjacent bolts.

17. Screwed Joints: Screwed pipe joints shall have Pipe Threads, General
    Purpose (Inch), ASME B1.20.1. Burrs formed when cutting pipe shall
    be removed by reaming. Care shall be taken that the inside of pipe
    is thoroughly clean and free of cutting oil and foreign matter
    before installation. The joints shall be made perfectly tight by the
    use of Teflon tape or approved Teflon thread sealing and lubricating
    compound. Use Teflon tape or pipe joint sealant on plastic screwed
    pipe, never both.

18. Brazed/Soldered Joints:

    a.  Cut tube ends square. Ream, remove burrs, and size.

    b.  All joints in piping systems with pressure above 100 psig or
        service temperatures above 200 °F shall be brazed.

    c.  Brazed copper-to-copper joints shall be made with a
        silver-brazing alloy conforming to AWS A5.8, BCuP-5 (15%
        silver). Joints shall comply with ANSI/ASME B31.3 Process
        Piping.

    d.  Brazed copper to brass, or copper to stainless steel joints
        shall be made with a silver-brazing alloy conforming to AWS
        A5.8, BAg-5 (45% silver). Joints shall comply with ANSI/ASME
        B31.3 Process Piping.

    e.  All solder joints, for copper tubing, shall conform to recommend
        practices of the Copper Development Association, and shall be
        made with 95-5 tin-antimony solder with the following exception:

> Solder containing antimony shall not be used to join metals containing
> zinc (e.g., galvanized iron, galvanized steel, and brass).

f.  Use sand cloth or a steel wire brush to clean surfaces to be joined.
    Steel wool is not permitted.

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19. Spears Labwaste (CPVC) Joints:

    a.  Spears Labwaste shall be solvent welded according to
        manufacturer's written instructions.

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T.  Cross-Connection Control:

    1.  A reduced pressure backflow prevention assembly (RPBFP) shall be
        installed to prevent cross-connection contamination between
        potable water systems and non-potable or potentially polluted,
        or contaminated systems, such as drainage systems, soil lines,
        fire protection lines or chemical lines.

    2.  All potable water fixture outlets with hose attachments, such as
        hose bibbs, yard hydrants, janitor sinks and lab sinks, shall be
        protected by an approved vacuum breaker device.

    3.  

    4.  Backflow prevention (RPBFP) assemblies shall be approved by the
        Foundation for Cross Connection Control and Hydraulic Research,
        University of Southern California (USC-FCCCHR).

    5.  Backflow prevention assemblies used or installed under this
        contract shall be tested by a \"Certified Backflow Control
        Assembly Tester\" who possesses a current (within three (3)
        years from date of issuance) certificate that confirms
        successful completion of an approved (USC-FCCCHR or Colorado
        Environmental Training Center, Golden, Colorado) training
        course.

    6.  The Contractor shall perform an operational test on any new or
        relocated backflow prevention assemblies used or installed under
        this contract. Passing backflow preventers shall be labeled with
        a tag indicating: test performed, tester\'s initials and date.
        Testing documentation shall be submitted per specification
        01330.

    7.  Repairs to BFPs shall be made with original manufacturer\'s
        parts.

    8.  Piping downstream of BFPs shall be labeled "Non-Potable" or
        "NPW" in accordance with Section 15050, "Basic Mechanical
        Materials and Methods".

    9.  RPBFP devices shall be installed at a maximum distance of 5 feet
        from finished floor with a 1 foot clearance maintained on all
        sides for ease of maintenance.

    10. Adequate drainage shall be provided for the RPBFP and shall meet
        the following:

        a.  Discharge shall be piped full size (of the relief valve) and
            extend to a drain.

        b.  Discharge piping shall be sloped a minimum of 1/8" per foot.

U.  Drains:

    1.  Drains indicated on the drawings in connection with water
        distribution systems shall be 3/4\" hose bibb with integral
        vacuum breaker, unless otherwise noted.

    2.  

V.  Equipment Connections:

    1.  All piping connections to pumps and other equipment shall be
        installed without strain at the pipe connection of the
        equipment.

        a.  The Contractor shall, as directed by the Sandia Delegated
            Representative (SDR), remove the bolts in flanged
            connections or disconnect piping to demonstrate that the
            piping has been so connected.

    2.  Pipe connections to equipment shall be made with unions, flanged
        fittings or grooved couplings.

    3.  

    4.  Eccentric reducers are required at pumps and other equipment for
        air removal.

    5.  Install water heaters per IPC.

W.  Water Hammer Arrestors: Sizes and locations of water hammer
    arrestors shall be as indicated on the drawings and shall be
    installed in an easily accessible location.

X.  Joining Dissimilar Materials (Copper to Steel): Use brass nipples,
    brass valves, or brass unions between copper and steel piping 2" and
    smaller. Use dielectric flanges on larger piping. Dielectric unions
    shall not be installed between dissimilar materials.

Y.  Insulation of all pipes, valves, fittings, and equipment shall be in
    accordance with Section 15083, "Pipe and Equipment Insulation"
    unless noted otherwise on the drawings.

Z.  Identification and Labels: All plumbing systems shall be labeled and
    identified in accordance with Section 15050, "Basic Mechanical
    Materials and Methods".

A.  Chlorine Injection Port: A 3-way ball valve or an approved cleanout
    port shall be installed on the new line directly off of the existing
    main to aide in the sterilization tests of new water lines.

B.  Relief valves:

    1.  Discharge from relief valves located inside buildings shall be
        piped full size and extended to a floor sink or to the outside
        of the building. Potable water lines shall either be turned down
        towards the ground and terminated 6\" above the ground, or be
        piped to a drain. Piping shall not have any trapped sections and
        shall be sloped 1/8\" per foot.

    2.  No valves of any type shall be placed between the relief valve
        and the equipment to be protected.

    3.  Install a union on the discharge of relief valves with threaded
        connections.

C.  Escutcheons shall be provided at wall, ceiling and floor
    penetrations of piping in occupied areas.

D.  Access doors shall be provided where maintenance access is required
    (at shut-off valves, trap primers, shock absorbers, BFPs, etc.)

##  {#section-1 .SECTION1.01}

## SOIL, WASTE, AND VENT PIPING INSTALLATION {#soil-waste-and-vent-piping-installation .SECTION1.01}

A.  Install Soil, Waste, and Vent Piping in accordance with the
    International Plumbing Code (IPC).

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E.  All excavation and backfill shall be in accordance with 02200,
    "Earthwork".

## POLYPROPYLENE and PVDF PIPING INSTALLATION {#polypropylene-and-pvdf-piping-installation .SECTION1.01}

A.  General: Fusion and mechanical joints shall be installed by
    manufacturer certified experienced pipe fitters and as per the
    manufacturer\'s instructions. The Contractor shall provide all tools
    and equipment necessary for proper installation. The contractor
    shall provide for supports and thermal expansion to meet the
    manufactures recommendations.

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F.  Horizontal Piping: Support horizontal piping at end of branches and
    at change of direction or elevation. Clamp piping to control thermal
    expansion per manufacturer\'s installation instructions.

G.  Vertical Piping: Support risers with standard riser clamp or wall
    brackets.

H.  

I.  Air Plenums: Piping installed in air plenums shall be installed with
    piping materials that have a flame/smoke rating of 25/50 or less per
    ASTM E84 or piping shall be wrapped with 3M Fire Barrier Plenum wrap
    to meet a flame/smoke rating of 25/50 or less per ASTM E84.

## FIXTURE AND EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION {#fixture-and-equipment-installation .SECTION1.01}

A.  General: All fixtures and equipment shall be installed complete with
    all accessories and trim required for proper installation.

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J.  Fixtures: Fixtures shall be firmly bolted to wall, floors, or
    carriers in accordance with the manufacturer\'s roughing-in and
    setting requirements and drawings. The Contractor shall make proper
    provision for hanging and setting fixtures and accessories during
    building construction. Where \"rough-in only\" is specified,
    rough-in shall include stop valves on all service lines and waste
    line shall be capped, ready for installation of trap by others. All
    fixtures shall be installed square with the wall, in line, and level
    to provide a workmanlike and uniform appearance.

K.  Equipment: Equipment shall be installed in accordance with the
    manufacturer\'s directions and shall be supported and fastened in a
    satisfactory manner.

L.  Traps: Each fixture and piece of equipment connecting to the
    drainage system shall be equipped with a trap. Each trap shall be
    placed as near to the fixture as possible and no fixture shall be
    double-trapped.

## TESTS {#tests .SECTION1.01}

A.  General: All plumbing, piping, equipment, and fixtures installed
    under this contract shall be inspected and tested before insulation
    is installed, by the Contractor in the presence of the Sandia
    Construction Observer (SCO), and approved before acceptance. The
    Contractor shall furnish all labor, material, and equipment required
    for testing. The Contractor shall be responsible for all repairs and
    retesting as required. All instruments and other equipment whose
    safe pressure range is below that of the test pressure shall be
    removed from the line or blanked off before applying the tests.
    Prior to performing hydrostatic tests, (see below), all lines shall
    be \"blown\" free of all loose dirt and foreign particles. The lines
    shall then be thoroughly flushed with potable water at a sufficient
    flow rate and period to ensure complete cleaning of the lines of all
    dirt, scale, and foreign matter. Satisfactory cleaning and flushing
    of the lines shall be subject to approval by the SCO.

    1.  For test, the contractor shall provide a calibrated 4 inch
        diameter pressure gauge of maximum 1% full scale accuracy,
        maximum 200 PSIG range and maximum 2 PSIG graduations.

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M.  Water System: Upon completion of the roughing-in and before setting
    fixtures, the entire hot and cold water piping systems installed
    under this contract shall be hydrostatically tested at a pressure of
    not less than 125 psig and shall show no drop in pressure in a
    2-hour period. Where a portion of the water piping system is to be
    concealed before completion, this portion shall be hydrostatically
    tested separately in the same manner as prescribed for the entire
    system.

N.  Sanitary System: The sanitary soil, waste and vent piping installed
    under this contract shall be tested by plugging all outlets and
    filling the lines with water to the level of the highest vent stack
    above the roof. The system shall hold this water for one hour
    without showing a drop in level.. Where only a segment of the system
    is to be tested, the test shall be conducted in the same manner as
    prescribed for the entire system except that a vertical stack
    supplying at least 10 foot head of water pressure must be installed
    above the highest horizontal line to be tested. The Contractor shall
    install suitable fittings, such as plugged tees, if such fittings
    are required to isolate portions of the system for the test. The
    segment of the system being tested shall hold this water pressure
    for one hour without showing a drop in level. All joints shall be
    inspected for visible leaks and all leaks shall be repaired before
    the placing of the system into service. All soil or waste piping
    located underground shall be tested before backfilling.

O.  Final Plumbing Fixture Test: Upon installation of the plumbing
    fixtures, appurtenances or appliances having water and/or waste
    connections, and prior to the general use thereof, all water and
    waste connections shall have been proved tight, without defects or
    leaks by such operating tests as directed by the SCO.

## DISINFECTION {#disinfection .SECTION1.01}

Potable water piping installed under this contract shall be disinfected
before it is placed in operation. Piping shall be disinfected after
testing and flushing is performed per section 3.05A.

A.  SNL Performed Work

    1.  Quality Testing: SNL will perform water quality Water testing of
        water samples taken from piping systems for chlorine
        concentrations and bacteriological quality. SNL will approve use
        of disinfected piping when test results demonstrate compliance
        with water quality requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act.

    2.  Notify the Sandia Delegated Representative (SDR) at least 48
        hours (2 days) in advance to arrange for a bacterial quality or
        free total chlorine concentration test.

    3.  Requirements for demonstration of compliance with the Maximum
        Containment Level (MCL) of the Safe Drinking Water Act:

        a.  Total chlorine concentration of less than 1 mg/L (1ppm).

        b.  The absence of any coliform bacteria.

        c.  Less than 200 non-coliform bacteria per 100 mL.

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P.  Chlorination of Piping:

    1.  Inject sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach) containing 5-6
        percent available chlorine, or 50,000 to 60,000 ppm into down
        stream of the main valve with a high pressure, low volume
        metering pump while the water is flowing at a given flow rate.
        After a chlorine residual of 25 ppm minimum is detected at each
        faucet of fixture (using a high-range chlorine test kit) the
        chlorine is allowed to remain in the pipes for at least 24
        hours.

    2.  At the end of 24-hour period, treated water in all portions of
        piping shall have a free chlorine concentration of not less than
        10 ppm. If the chlorine residual is less than 10 ppm, repeat the
        entire procedure. After residual free chlorine concentration
        test has been completed, flush the entire system with potable
        water until total chlorine concentration at all faucets and
        fixtures is less than 1 ppm.

    3.  Heavily contaminated water shall be disposed of or neutralized
        under the direction of SNL Pollution Prevention and
        Environmental Monitoring Department.

    4.  After flushing, contact the Sandia Delegated Representative
        (SDR) to arrange for final total chlorine concentration and
        bacteriological quality test.

Q.  Repairing or Cutting into Existing Mains:

    1.  New interior piping surfaces shall be swabbed with a 1%
        hypochlorite solution. The section being modified shall be
        subjected to a high chlorine disinfection process per AWWA C651,
        section 9. The concentration shall be a minimum of 300 mg/l for
        15 minutes. At the end of the prescribed time period, flush
        affected piping with potable water until total chlorine
        concentration is less than 1 ppm.

    2.  After flushing, contact the Sandia Construction Observer (SCO)
        to arrange for final total chlorine concentration and
        bacteriological quality tests. Water systems affected by
        chlorination may not be returned to service until test results
        have been reviewed and potability has been proven.

END OF SECTION