A Welding Data Dictionary

NIST 7107

William G. Rippey

Intelligent Systems Division

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8230

# Abstract

This data dictionary specifies data elements that are used to describe
the design, fabrication and inspection of weldments. It comprises
welding information from several authoritative sources. Data include
description of component materials, details of joints and welds, and
variables of the welding processes. The data dictionary provides, in one
document, the welding information needed to develop format
specifications for digital data that can be exchanged by computer
programs.

# Keywords

data dictionary, digital welding data, weld inspection results, welding
procedure specification, welding terms, weldment design.

# Foreword

In 1992, welding information formats were described in two American
Welding Society (AWS) specifications, *AWS A9.1- Standard Guide for
Describing Arc Welds in Computerized Material Property and
Nondestructive Examination Databases*, and *AWS A9.2 - Standard Guide
for Recording Arc Weld Material Property and Nondestructive Examination
Data in Computerized Databases*. This document expands the scope of
those documents and could serve as a core document if an AWS committee
undertakes a new specification project. Current individual AWS
specifications are rich in terms and data items describing materials,
design and processes. This data dictionary gathers the information in a
single document, to be used by data modelers with specific encoding
formats in mind. Examples of format specifications are STEP and XML. The
ultimate purpose is to facilitate exchange of welding data between
application software programs developed by different vendors.

# TABLE OF CONTENTS

[Abstract i](#abstract)

[Keywords i](#keywords)

[Foreword i](#foreword)

[TABLE OF CONTENTS ii](#table-of-contents)

[Scope 1](#scope)

[Purpose 1](#purpose)

[Source Documents 2](#source-documents)

[Guidelines Used in Building the Data Dictionary
2](#guidelines-used-in-building-the-data-dictionary)

[Sections of this Document 3](#sections-of-this-document)

[Dictionary Field Definitions 3](#dictionary-field-definitions)

[1. Weld Design Data 5](#weld-design-data)

[1.1 element base_metal 6](#element-base_metal)

[1.2 element connection 9](#element-connection)

[1.3 type edge_shapes 11](#type-edge_shapes)

[1.4 element joint_design 11](#element-joint_design)

[1.5 element joint_penetration 15](#element-joint_penetration)

[1.6 type joint_types 16](#__RefHeading___Toc68316849)

[1.7 type linear_dimension_range_type
17](#type-linear_dimension_range_type)

[1.8 type linear_dimension_type_mm 18](#type-linear_dimension_type_mm)

[1.9 element sub_assembly 18](#element-sub_assembly)

[1.10 element weld_details 19](#element-weld_details)

[1.11 element weld_sizes 20](#element-weld_sizes)

[1.12 element weldment 22](#element-weldment)

[1.13 element workpiece 22](#element-workpiece)

[1.14 type weld_types 22](#type-weld_types)

[2. Welding Process Data 23](#welding-process-data)

[2.1 type allied_processes 23](#type-allied_processes)

[2.2 type arc_welding_processes 23](#type-arc_welding_processes)

[2.3 type brazing_processes 23](#type-brazing_processes)

[2.4 element electrical_specification
24](#element-electrical_specification)

[2.5 element filler_metal 27](#element-filler_metal)

[2.6 element gas_component 30](#element-gas_component)

[2.7 type gas_flowrate_type 30](#type-gas_flowrate_type)

[2.8 element heat_treatment 31](#element-heat_treatment)

[2.9 type other_welding_processes 33](#type-other_welding_processes)

[2.10 type oxyfuel_gas_welding_processes
33](#type-oxyfuel_gas_welding_processes)

[2.11 element preheat_and_interpass 34](#element-preheat_and_interpass)

[2.12 type resistance_welding_processes
35](#type-resistance_welding_processes)

[2.13 element shielding_gas_for_procedure
35](#element-shielding_gas_for_procedure)

[2.14 type shielding_gas_type 38](#type-shielding_gas_type)

[2.15 type soldering_processes 39](#type-soldering_processes)

[2.16 type solid_state_welding_processes
39](#type-solid_state_welding_processes)

[2.17 type temperature_type 39](#type-temperature_type)

[2.18 element variables_specification
41](#element-variables_specification)

[2.19 element welding_position 48](#element-welding_position)

[2.20 element welding_procedure_specification
49](#element-welding_procedure_specification)

[2.21 type welding_process_type 50](#type-welding_process_type)

[3. Testing and Inspection Data 52](#testing-and-inspection-data)

[3.1 element bend_test_bend_radius 52](#element-bend_test_bend_radius)

[3.2 type bend_test_types 53](#type-bend_test_types)

[3.3 element fracture_crack_plane_orientation
53](#element-fracture_crack_plane_orientation)

[3.4 element fracture_energy_absorbed
53](#element-fracture_energy_absorbed)

[3.5 element fracture_machine_notch_position
54](#element-fracture_machine_notch_position)

[3.6 element fracture_specimen_location
54](#element-fracture_specimen_location)

[3.7 type fracture_toughness_test_methods
54](#type-fracture_toughness_test_methods)

[3.8 type fracture_type_of_test_equipment
54](#type-fracture_type_of_test_equipment)

[3.9 element hardness_indentor 55](#element-hardness_indentor)

[3.10 element hardness_load 55](#element-hardness_load)

[3.11 element hardness_location_of_impressions
55](#element-hardness_location_of_impressions)

[3.12 element hardness_test_result 55](#element-hardness_test_result)

[3.13 element hardness_test_types 55](#element-hardness_test_types)

[3.14 element mechanical_test 56](#element-mechanical_test)

[3.15 type mechanical_tests 57](#type-mechanical_tests)

[3.16 element nick_break_apparatus 58](#element-nick_break_apparatus)

[3.17 type shear_specimen_types 58](#type-shear_specimen_types)

[3.18 element shear_test_shear_strength
58](#element-shear_test_shear_strength)

[3.19 element shear_test_unit_shear_load
59](#element-shear_test_unit_shear_load)

[3.20 type soundness_test_types 59](#type-soundness_test_types)

[3.21 type tension_specimen_types 59](#type-tension_specimen_types)

[3.22 element tension_test_data 60](#element-tension_test_data)

[3.23 element test_fracture_appearance
62](#element-test_fracture_appearance)

[3.24 element test_fracture_location
62](#element-test_fracture_location)

[3.25 element test_LGBTFW_angle_of_fracture
63](#element-test_lgbtfw_angle_of_fracture)

[3.26 element test_LGBTFW_discontinuity
63](#element-test_lgbtfw_discontinuity)

[3.27 element test_machine_serial_number
64](#element-test_machine_serial_number)

[3.28 element test_number_of_specimens
64](#element-test_number_of_specimens)

[3.29 element test_percent_elongation
64](#element-test_percent_elongation)

[3.30 element test_postweld_mechanical_treatment
64](#element-test_postweld_mechanical_treatment)

[3.31 element test_postweld_thermal_treatment
64](#element-test_postweld_thermal_treatment)

[3.32 element test_specimen_dimensions
64](#element-test_specimen_dimensions)

[3.33 element test_specimen_location
65](#element-test_specimen_location)

[3.34 element test_specimen_orientation
65](#element-test_specimen_orientation)

[3.35 element test_technician_name 65](#element-test_technician_name)

[3.36 type test_temperature 66](#type-test_temperature)

[Acknowledgments 66](#acknowledgments)

[Appendices 66](#appendices)

[Appendix 1 -- Items to Add in Next Edition of Data Dictionary
66](#appendix-1-items-to-add-in-next-edition-of-data-dictionary)

[Appendix 2 - Tasks for data modelers
67](#appendix-2---tasks-for-data-modelers)

[Appendix 3 -- The BIG PICTURE of welding data exchange
68](#appendix-3-the-big-picture-of-welding-data-exchange)

[Appendix 4 -- Terminology differences between ISO and AWS
69](#appendix-4-terminology-differences-between-iso-and-aws)

#  {#section .unnumbered}

#  {#section-1 .unnumbered}

#### A Welding Data Dictionary

# Scope

This document includes data describing design of welded products, design
of weldments including detailed weld and joint description, arc welding
process specification, and destructive weld inspection. Common welding
documents that convey this information are welding procedure
specifications (WPSs) and mechanical testing reports. These documents
are often implemented using hard copy or simple, but non-standard data
formats. Variables of other welding processes such as gas and laser
welding have not been covered at this time.

Some of the variables and data types needed in standard welding
procedure specifications (SWPSs) and procedure qualification records
(PQRs) are not addressed. Examples are ranges of allowed values (e.g.
minimum and maximum allowed current), conditions that are expressly not
allowed, conditions that are optional, or multiple conditions that are
allowed. These should be straightforward extensions of the data elements
and types already defined.

Also not addressed are overall formats for standard forms or standard
test result reports. These are left to data modelers according to the
requirements of their customers. Appendix 1 lists many other items that
are not included in this document. They are suggestions to committees of
experts who could expand the document's scope.

# Purpose

A data dictionary is the starting point for developing specifications
for data formats for digital welding data. It gathers relevant data in
one place, establishes standard labels and descriptions of the items,
and designates data types to them. The purpose of a standard data format
is to enable independent computer programs (applications) to exchange
information with minimal or no cost and effort.

This document's form is suitable for a formal standard to be used by
many different manufacturing industries that use welding. The existence
of a single data dictionary as source for data modeling will ease the
challenge of gathering the welding knowledge, and make implementations
of different formats more consistent. Example formats are STEP and XML.
Consistency eases the challenge of converting between the differing
formats should it be necessary. Easy conversion between formats makes
the decision of which format to use less critical. When data modelers
discover improvements to the model the changes can be reflected in the
high level data dictionary as well as to the implementation being worked
on at the time. This way other implementations can benefit from the
improvement.

It is envisioned that welding standards documents that contain forms
will use this data model to build their own structures to represent the
form information. This will enable encoding of the information in a
standard format so it may be conveyed electronically and not be limited
to hardcopy or proprietary formats.

The data dictionary is written in English rather than a formal modeling
language so that:

-   welding experts can understand the information and work on it to
    improve it without learning a computer language.

-   it can serve as the common ground between welding experts and the
    data modelers who will develop detailed specifications.

-   it is not biased toward any particular encoding scheme.

This dictionary goes beyond presenting all elementary information units
as a flat list. It suggests gathering of elements into frequently used
groupings. These groupings are not rigid: data modelers or refiners of
the data dictionary can ungroup or regroup as they see fit. The
groupings present the information in recognizable units that make
understanding the document easier.

This data dictionary is not sufficient to specify the design of a
database or of a complete specification for standard data. Its terms and
type definitions are the building blocks that need to be supplemented by
encoding rules, and relationships like those described in database
tables.

## Source Documents

These documents contain definitions of the variables, or state the need
for variables in report documents to describe welding products,
processes or inspection results.

1.  AASHTO/AWS D1.5M/D1.5:2002 -- *Bridge Welding Code*.

2.  ANSI/AWS A9.1-92, *Standard Guide for Describing Arc Welds in
    Computerized Material Property and Nondestructive Examination
    Databases*.

3.  ANSI/AWS A9.2-92, *Standard Guide for Recording Arc Weld Material
    Property and Nondestructive Examination Data in Computerized
    Databases*.

4.  ANSI/AWS A3.0: 2001, *Standard Welding Terms and Definitions.*

5.  AWS B1.10:1999, *Guide for the Non-destructive Examination of
    Welds*.

6.  AWS B2.1:2000, *Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance
    Qualification*.

7.  AWS B4.0M:2000, *Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds*.
    Parts A, B and C were used. Parts D and E are not covered here.

8.  AWS D1.1/D1.1M: 2002 *Structural Welding Code -- Steel*. See
    especially Annex E, Sample Welding Forms.

9.  Jefferson\'s Welding Encyclopedia, 18^th^ Edition, American Welding
    Society, 1997.

## Guidelines Used in Building the Data Dictionary

-   The primary audience for this document is domain experts in welding.
    They must be able to understand its content and be able to refine
    and expand it, without needing computer programming experience. The
    document then becomes a bridge between them and computer experts,
    who will encode the data and manipulate it in computer programs that
    serve the welding experts.

-   The item descriptions in this document should not be cited as formal
    definitions of terms. The descriptions are original, or are
    shortened or paraphrased versions of formal definitions. The source
    documents, usually AWS in origin, should be used.

-   Sources of most definitions are AWS documents.

-   When values are shown as "enumeration of:", this means that only the
    listed values are allowed. This is a restriction on the allowed
    values for the element.

-   This data dictionary specifies, for some elements, hierarchical
    relationships of sub-elements, and enumerated values. Element
    grouping and enumeration are constraints on how the data can be used
    in a computer program or in a digital file. The constraints promote
    increased consistency between different vendors' implementations of
    products or of digital format specifications.

-   The element naming convention of lower case words separated by
    underscores was chosen to be human readable, and mildly suggesting
    future tags to be used in formal encoding. The convention is not
    intended to suggest a preference of one encoding method over
    another.

-   Some provisions are made for specifying units for measured
    variables, especially to distinguish between U.S. customary, or
    "inch-pound", and International System of Units (SI) usage. More
    examination of the need, and suggestions for values are needed from
    welding experts.

## Sections of this Document

***Weld Design Data*** describes the desired weld that joins two
workpieces. It includes descriptions of the workpieces (e.g. thickness,
material), the geometric relationship between the workpieces (e.g. tee,
butt) , the edge shapes of the workpieces to form a joint, and the
desired properties of the weld, such as size and degree of penetration.
There are usually several different ways to produce a designed weld,
e.g. by varying ***Welding Process Data*** such as welding process,
number of passes, thickness of consumable, gas composition etc.
***Testing and Inspection Data*** is information gathered by measuring
characteristics of the weld after it is made, usually to compare to the
design data.

The appendices contain next-step information for data modelers, some
high level background on the concept of standard data formats for
welding, and suggestions for expansion of the scope of the next version
of this data dictionary.

## Dictionary Field Definitions

-   There are two kinds of dictionary entries, "element" and "type".
    Types are data templates that are reused in multiple elements. The
    prefix "p:" means primitive, one of boolean, string, integer or
    decimal. An element is a unique chunk of information used in
    describing welding. The distinction between types and elements will
    be further refined in detailed data modeling -- the major criterion
    is to make the model concise and understandable.

-   Diagram - When an element has subelements, a sketch of its
    sub-elements is shown to aid understanding. Diagrams show only one
    level of decomposition. Appendix 4 contains a few selected diagrams
    of multilevel diagrams. In the diagrams, the 3 short bars in some
    boxes is an artifact of the documentation tool and is not relevant.
    The small arrow in the lower left corner indicates that the element
    is defined globally, i.e. it is independent of the element
    definition it appears in.

-   Type -- enumeration is used when there is one choice from a list of
    simple values. *Choice of* is used when there are several non-simple
    elements, one of which must be picked.

-   Values -- this field appears only for enumerated types, showing the
    allowed values.

-   Children -- list of elements that are parts of this element.

-   Used by -- the name of elements that contain this element.

-   Source -- citation of a standard or industry handbook that lists the
    need for the information. When the source for a sub-element is the
    same as its parent element, the source information is not repeated.

-   Description -- prose description, or standard definition if one
    exists, to allow data modelers to select the appropriate elements
    for specific applications, forms and reports. It is an important
    task of welding experts, not data modelers, to develop precise
    descriptions.

-   Underlined type and element names are links that can be used in
    electronic documents for easy jumping to definitions.

The index below is included for use in electronic documents that can use
the links to the definitions. The types and elements are arranged in
alphabetic order in each section.

# 

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Elements                                                                                Types

  **[base_metal](#element-base_metal)**                                                   **[allied_processes](#type-allied_processes)**

  **[bend_test_bend_radius](#element-bend_test_bend_radius)**                             **[arc_welding_processes](#type-arc_welding_processes)**

  **[connection](#element-connection)**                                                   **[bend_test_types](#type-bend_test_types)**

  **[electrical_specification](#element-electrical_specification)**                       **[brazing_processes](#type-brazing_processes)**

  **[filler_metal](#element-filler_metal)**                                               **[edge_shapes](#type-edge_shapes)**

  **[fracture_crack_plane_orientation](#element-fracture_crack_plane_orientation)**       **[fracture_toughness_test_methods](#type-fracture_toughness_test_methods)**

  **[fracture_energy_absorbed](#element-fracture_energy_absorbed)**                       **[fracture_type_of_test_equipment](#type-fracture_type_of_test_equipment)**

  **[fracture_machine_notch_position](#element-fracture_machine_notch_position)**         [**gas_flowrate_type**](#type-gas_flowrate_type)

  **[fracture_specimen_location](#element-fracture_specimen_location)**                   **[joint_types](#Link01BFED20)**

  **[gas_component](#element-gas_component)**                                             [**linear_dimension_range_type**](#type-linear_dimension_range_type)

  **[hardness_indentor](#element-hardness_indentor)**                                     [**linear_dimension_type_mm**](#type-linear_dimension_type_mm)

  **[hardness_load](#element-hardness_load)**                                             [**mechanical_tests**](#type-mechanical_tests)

  **[hardness_location_of_impressions](#element-hardness_location_of_impressions)**       **[other_welding_processes](#type-other_welding_processes)**

  **[hardness_test_result](#element-hardness_test_result)**                               **[oxyfuel_gas_welding_processes](#type-oxyfuel_gas_welding_processes)**

  **[hardness_test_types](#element-hardness_test_types)**                                 **[resistance_welding_processes](#type-resistance_welding_processes)**

  **[heat_treatment](#element-heat_treatment)**                                           **[shear_specimen_types](#type-shear_specimen_types)**

  **[joint_design](#element-joint_design)**                                               [**shielding_gas_type**](#type-shielding_gas_type)

  **[joint_penetration](#element-joint_penetration)**                                     **[soldering_processes](#type-soldering_processes)**

  **[mechanical_test](#element-mechanical_test)**                                         **[solid_state_welding_processes](#type-solid_state_welding_processes)**

  **[nick_break_apparatus](#element-nick_break_apparatus)**                               **[soundness_test_types](#type-soundness_test_types)**

  **[preheat_and_interpass](#element-preheat_and_interpass)**                             [**temperature_type**](#type-temperature_type)

  **[shear_test_shear_strength](#element-shear_test_shear_strength)**                     **[tension_specimen_types](#type-tension_specimen_types)**

  **[shear_test_unit_shear_load](#element-shear_test_unit_shear_load)**                   [**test_temperature**](#type-test_temperature)

  **[shielding_gas_for_procedure](#element-shielding_gas_for_procedure)**                 **[weld_types](#type-weld_types)**

  **[sub_assembly](#element-sub_assembly)**                                               [**welding_process_type**](#type-welding_process_type)

  **[tension_test_data](#element-tension_test_data)**                                     

  **[test_fracture_appearance](#element-test_fracture_appearance)**                       

  **[test_fracture_location](#element-test_fracture_location)**                           

  **[test_LGBTFW_angle_of_fracture](#element-test_lgbtfw_angle_of_fracture)**             

  **[test_LGBTFW_discontinuity](#element-test_lgbtfw_discontinuity)**                     

  **[test_machine_serial_number](#element-test_machine_serial_number)**                   

  **[test_number_of_specimens](#element-test_number_of_specimens)**                       

  **[test_percent_elongation](#element-test_percent_elongation)**                         

  **[test_postweld_mechanical_treatment](#element-test_postweld_mechanical_treatment)**   

  **[test_postweld_thermal_treatment](#element-test_postweld_thermal_treatment)**         

  **[test_specimen_dimensions](#element-test_specimen_dimensions)**                       

  **[test_specimen_location](#element-test_specimen_location)**                           

  **[test_specimen_orientation](#element-test_specimen_orientation)**                     

  **[test_technician_name](#element-test_technician_name)**                               

  **[variables_specification](#element-variables_specification)**                         

  **[weld_details](#element-weld_details)**                                               

  **[weld_sizes](#element-weld_sizes)**                                                   

  **[welding_position](#element-welding_position)**                                       

  **[welding_procedure_specification](#element-welding_procedure_specification)**         

  **[weldment](#element-weldment)**                                                       

  **[workpiece](#element-workpiece)**                                                     
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# 1. Weld Design Data

## 1.1 element base_metal

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Di    | ![](media/image1.png){width="3.8854166666666665in"           |
| agram | height="8.0in"}                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chi   | **[common_name](#element-base_metalcommon_name)              |
| ldren | [m_number](#element-base_metalm_number)                      |
|       | [group_number](#element-base_metalgroup_number)              |
|       | [product_form](#element-base_metalproduct_form)              |
|       | [thickness](#element-base_metalthickness)                    |
|       | [diameter](#element-base_metaldiameter)                      |
|       | [sp                                                          |
|       | ecification_number](#element-base_metalspecification_number) |
|       | [spec                                                        |
|       | ification_version](#element-base_metalspecification_version) |
|       | [specification_                                              |
|       | organization](#element-base_metalspecification_organization) |
|       | [UNS_number](#element-base_metaluns_number)                  |
|       | [CAS_number](#element-base_metalcas_number)                  |
|       | [heat-lot                                                    |
|       | _identification](#element-base_metalheat-lot_identification) |
|       | [composition](#element-base_metalcomposition)                |
|       | [manu                                                        |
|       | facturing_history](#element-base_metalmanufacturing_history) |
|       | [service_history](#element-base_metalservice_history)        |
|       | [applied_coating_specif                                      |
|       | ication](#element-base_metalapplied_coating_specification)** |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   ---------- ---------------------                           |
| By    | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       |   element    [**welding_procedur                             |
|       | e_specification**](#element-welding_procedure_specification) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   ---------- ---------------------                           |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B2.1, section 2.13.                                      |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The material that is being joined using a weld.              |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.1.1 element base_metal/**common_name**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   The trade name, a name used without all the designations of
                the formal specification.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.2 element base_metal**/m_number**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS A9., section 5.1.1., and B2.1, glossary definition p. 2.

  Description   A designation used to group base metals for procedure and
                performance qualifications.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.3 element base_metal/**group_number**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   A classification system for metal by material properties.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.4 element base_metal/**product_form**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   -------------------- ------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration          plate                                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          bar                                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          sheet                                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          tube                                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          pipe                                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          structural - i beam                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          structural - other                    |
|       |   -------------------- ------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The form of the workpieces to be joined.                     |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.1.5 element base_metal/**thickness**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Plate or sheet thickness, if tube, specifies wall thickness.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.6 element base_metal/**diameter**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Outside diameter, only used if material is tube.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.7 element base_metal/**specification_number**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1

  Description   The standard designation of the formal material
                classification.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.8 element base_metal/**specification_version**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1

  Description   Version of the specification used.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.9 element base_metal/**specification_organization**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1

  Description   The organization responsible for generating the specification.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.10 element base_metal/**UNS_number**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1

  Description   Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys, managed by
                ASTM and SAE.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.11 element base_metal/**CAS_number**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1

  Description   Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number, a unique
                identifier for substances issued by the Chemical Abstracts
                Service.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.12 element base_metal/**heat-lot_identification**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1.

  Description   A unique identifier issued by a materials manufacturer
                assigned to manufacturing batches.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.13 element base_metal/**composition**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Description   Detailed chemical composition, by elements. This Type needs
                expansion.

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1.10
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.1.14 element base_metal/**manufacturing_history**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   cold worked                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   normalized                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   annealed                     |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1.11.1                                 |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Mechanical manufacturing methods used to produce the welded  |
| escri | material.                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.1.15 element base_metal/**service_history**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   -------------------- ------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration          sour crude                            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          need expansion here                   |
|       |   -------------------- ------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS A9.1, section 5.1.1.11.1                                 |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The mechanical forming and heat treatment methods used to    |
| escri | produce the stock material.                                  |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.1.16 element base_metal/**applied_coating_specification**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        Applies especially to AWS B4.0, section B2-9(1)

  Description   Standard designation for the class of coating.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 1.2 element connection

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image2.png){width="3.1979166666666665in"
                height="1.5104166666666667in"}

  Children      **[joint_type](#element-connectionjoint_type)
                [weld](#element-connectionweld)
                [joint_penetration](#element-joint_penetration)
                [weld_details](#element-weld_details)**

  Used By       element [**sub_assembly**](#element-sub_assembly)

  Source        Source: ISO 857 - section 3.1.4

  Description   The joint formed by edge preparation of two workpieces and the
                weld that joins the workpieces together.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.2.1 element connection/**joint_type**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | [**joint_types**](#Link01BFED20)                             |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ---------------------- ----------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration            butt_joint                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            corner_joint                        |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            t_joint                             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            lap_joint                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            edge_joint                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            flanged_butt_joint                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            flanged_corner_joint                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            flanged_t_joint                     |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            flanged_lap_joint                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            flanged_edge_joint                  |
|       |   ---------------------- ----------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS A3.0, Figure 1 - Joint Types and definition of term.     |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | "A weld joint classification based the relative orientation  |
| escri | of the members being joined."                                |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.2.2 element **connection/weld**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image3.png){width="3.0416666666666665in"
                height="0.9791666666666666in"}

  Children      **[weld_type](#Link01BFE380)
                [singleOrDoubleSided](#Link01BFE898)**

  Source        AWS A3.0 definition.

  Description   A region of coalescence of materials produced by heating or
                pressure, that joins two pieces of metal.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01BFE380 .anchor}1.2.2.1 element connection/weld/**weld_type**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | [**weld_types**](#type-weld_types)                           |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration             groove                             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             fillet                             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             plug                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             slot                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             spot                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             seam                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             flange                             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             stud                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             surfacing                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             upset                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             flash                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             bevelGroove                        |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             flareBevelGroove                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             doubleBevelGroove                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             jGroove                            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             singleJGroove                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             uGroove                            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             singleUGroove                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             doubleUGroove                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             vGroove                            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             flareVGroove                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             singleVGroove                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             doubleVGroove                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             squareGroove                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             edgeFlange                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             braze                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             projection                         |
|       |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|       |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

[]{#Link01BFE898 .anchor}1.2.2.2 element
connection/weld**/singleOrDoubleSided**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                 single_sided                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                 two_sided                      |
|       |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | See definiton of \"double-welded joint\", AWS A3.0, and      |
| ource | Figures 8 and 9.                                             |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Specification of welding either from only one side or both   |
| escri | sides of the joint.                                          |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 1.3 type edge_shapes

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration             square_edge                        |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             single_bevel_edge                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             double_bevel_edge                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             single_j_edge                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             double_j_edge                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             flanged_edge                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             round                              |
|       |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS 3.0, Figure 7 - Edge Shapes                              |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| d     | Shape of the edge of a single piece of base material made to |
| escri | form a joint with another piece of base material.            |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 1.4 element joint_design

  ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[joint_geometry](#Link01C01FE8)
                [backing_description](#element-joint_designbacking_description)
                [sketch_number](#element-joint_designsketch_number)**

  Used by       elements **[weld_details](#element-weld_details)
                [welding_procedure_specification](#element-welding_procedure_specification)**

  Source        Source: AWS 2.1:2000, 2.13.1 p. 20

  description   AWS 3.0, p. 19 : \"Detailed Description of mating configuration of two
                components, sufficient information for shop preparation of the components.\"
  ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C01FE8 .anchor}1.4.1 element joint_design**/joint_geometry**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image4.png){width="3.2916666666666665in"
                height="3.9791666666666665in"}

  Children      **[units](#Link01C02C08) [root_opening](#Link01C023F0)
                [root_face](#Link01C024D8) [bevel1_angle](#Link01C02618)
                [bevel2_angle](#Link01C02700) [groove_angle](#Link01C02860)
                [depth_of_bevel](#Link01C02CF0)
                [groove_radius](#Link01C02DD8)**

  Source        AWS 3.0 Definition, p. 19, and Figure 6, p. 45.

  Description   Dimensions of joint root, bevel, and groove features.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C02C08 .anchor}1.4.1.1 element
joint_design/joint_geometry/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                 millimeters                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                 inches                         |
|       |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Choice of SI or U.S. Customary units for the linear          |
| escri | dimensions.                                                  |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

[]{#Link01C023F0 .anchor}1.4.1.2 element
joint_design/joint_geometry/**root_opening**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 6.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C024D8 .anchor}1.4.1.3 element
joint_design/joint_geometry/**root_face**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        See AWS A3.0 definition, and Figure 5.

  Description   "That portion of the groove face within the joint root".
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C02618 .anchor}1.4.1.4 element
joint_design/joint_geometry/**bevel1_angle**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS A3.0, Figure 6. Units: degrees.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C02700 .anchor}1.4.1.5 element
joint_design/joint_geometry/**bevel2_angle**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS A3.0, Figure 6. Units: degrees.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C02860 .anchor}1.4.1.6 element
joint_design/joint_geometry/**groove_angle**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS A3.0, Figure 6. Units: degrees
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C02CF0 .anchor}1.4.1.7 element
joint_design/joint_geometry/**depth_of_bevel**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS A3.0, Figure 6. Units: degrees
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C02DD8 .anchor}1.4.1.8 element
joint_design/joint_geometry/**groove_radius**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS A3.0, Figure 6. Units: degrees
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.4.2 element joint_design/**backing_description**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[backing_used](#Link01C03168) [backing_type](#Link01C032D8)
                [back_weld_preparation](#Link01C03808)**

  Description   AWS A3.0: \"Material placed against the back side of the joint
                to support and retain molten weld metal\".
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C03168 .anchor}1.4.2.1 element
joint_design/backing_description/**backing_used**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:boolean

  Description   Boolean stating if backing is required for the weld.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C032D8 .anchor}1.4.2.2 element
joint_design/backing_description/**backing_type**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ---------------- ----------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration      none                                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      strip                                     |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      strap                                     |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      ring                                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      split-pipe                                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      weld/sealing run                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      consumable insert                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      copper bar                                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      non metallic                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      retaining shoes                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      flux backing                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      backing tape                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      refractory material                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      backing_not_alllowed(for PQR)             |
|       |   ---------------- ----------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | Source: Welding Handbook, V2, pp. 58, 218, 274. Jefferson\'s |
| ource | Welding Encyclopedia, p. 46, ISO 9692, ISO 17659.            |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Most backing Types do not apply to all Types of welding, and |
| escri | should be restricted to the appropriate welding technology   |
| ption | (by further refining the definitions, e.g. shoes are         |
|       | typically slag welding only).                                |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

[]{#Link01C03808 .anchor}1.4.2.3 element
joint_design/backing_Description/**back_weld_preparation**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------------------- -------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                     none                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                     gouging                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                     chipping                   |
|       |   ------------------------------- -------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | AWS A3.0: \"Removal of weld metal and base metal from the    |
| escri | weld root side of a joint for subsequent welding from that   |
| ption | side\".                                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.4.3 element joint_design/**sketch_number**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Reference to a sketch of the joint design, the drawing number.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 1.5 element joint_penetration

  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image5.png){width="4.197916666666667in" height="4.479166666666667in"}

  Children      **[complete_or_partial](#element-joint_penetrationcomplete_or_partial)
                [units](#element-joint_penetrationunits)
                [root_penetration](#element-joint_penetrationroot_penetration)
                [groove_weld_size](#element-joint_penetrationgroove_weld_size)
                [incomplete_joint_penetration](#element-joint_penetrationincomplete_joint_penetration)
                [weld_size](#element-joint_penetrationweld_size)
                [weld_size_E1](#element-joint_penetrationweld_size_e1)
                [weld_size_E2](#element-joint_penetrationweld_size_e2)
                [depth_of_fusion](#element-joint_penetrationdepth_of_fusion)**

  Used By       element [**connection**](#element-connection)

  Source        AWS A3.0, Figure 26 - \"Joint Penetration\...\", Figure 30 - Fusion Welds

  Description   Various dimensions of penetration of the weld into the base materials.
  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.5.1 element joint_penetration/**complete_or_partial**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ---------------------- ----------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration            completePenetration                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            partialPenetration                  |
|       |   ---------------------- ----------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The weld design calls for partial or complete penetration.   |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.5.2 element joint_penetration/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                 millimeters                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                 inches                         |
|       |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Selection of SI or U.S. Customary units for linear           |
| escri | measurements.                                                |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.5.3 element joint_penetration/**root_penetration**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        AWS A3.0, definition, and Figure 26 - \"Joint
                Penetration\...\", Figure 30 - Fusion Welds

  Description   "The distance the weld metal extends into the root joint".
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.5.4 element joint_penetration/**groove_weld_size**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        AWS A3.0, Figure 26 - \"Joint Penetration\...\", Figure 30 -
                Fusion Welds

  Description   "The joint penetration of a groove weld".
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.5.5 element joint_penetration**/incomplete_joint_penetration**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS A3.0 definition, and Figure 26 - \"Joint
                Penetration\...\", Figure 30 - Fusion Welds
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.5.6 element joint_penetration/**weld_size**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS A3.0 definition and Figure 26 - \"Joint
                Penetration\...\", Figure 30 - Fusion Welds
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.5.7 element joint_penetration/**weld_size_E1**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS A3.0 definition and Figure 26 - \"Joint
                Penetration\...\", Figure 30 - Fusion Welds
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **1.5.8 element joint_penetration/**weld_size_E2

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS A3.0 definition and Figure 26 - \"Joint
                Penetration\...\", Figure 30 - Fusion Welds
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.5.9 element joint_penetration/**depth_of_fusion**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        AWS 3.0 definition, and Figure 26 - \"Joint Penetration\...\",
                Figure 30 - Fusion Welds

  Description   "The distance that fusion extends into the base metal or the
                previous bead from the surface melted during welding".
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 1.6 type joint_types

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   ----------------                                           |
| By    | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       |   element                                                    |
|       |   [**connection/joint_type**](#element-connectionjoint_type) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   ----------------                                           |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------------- -----------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration           butt_joint                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           corner_joint                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           t_joint                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           lap_joint                            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           edge_joint                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           flanged_butt_joint                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           flanged_corner_joint                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           flanged_t_joint                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           flanged_lap_joint                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           flanged_edge_joint                   |
|       |   --------------------- -----------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS A3.0 definition and Figure 2, p. 42                      |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | "A weld joint classification based on relative orientation   |
| escri | of members being joined".                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 1.7 type linear_dimension_range_type

  ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[units](#element-linear_dimension_range_typeunits)
                [minimum](#element-linear_dimension_range_typeminimum)
                [maximum](#element-linear_dimension_range_typemaximum)**

  Description   Inclusive limits on dimension of a material, e.g. thickness
                of base plate.
  ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.7.1 element linear_dimension_range_type/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| v     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   millimeters                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   inches                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   gauge                        |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.7.2 element linear_dimension_range_type/**minimum**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Inclusive minimum limit.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.7.3 element linear_dimension_range_type/**maximum**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Inclusive maximum limit.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 1.8 type linear_dimension_type_mm

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Di    |                                                              |
| agram |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chi   | **[units](#element-linear_dimension_type_mmunits)            |
| ldren | [dimension](#element-linear_dimension_type_mmdimension)**    |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   ---------- --                                              |
| by    | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       |   elements                                                   |
|       | **[variables_specification/contact_tube_to_work_distance](#e |
|       | lement-variables_specificationcontact_tube_to_work_distance) |
|       |              [variables_specifi                              |
|       | cation/stickout](#element-variables_specificationstickout)** |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   ---------- --                                              |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Specifies U.S. Customary or SI units for linear measurement  |
| escri | of dimensions less than 500 mm. Contrast to units that would |
| ption | be used to measure, e.g. length of weld bead deposited per   |
|       | hour.                                                        |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.8.1 element linear_dimension_type_mm/**units**

+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type   | enumeration of p:string                                     |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Values |   --------------------------- ----------------------------  |
|        |   enumeration                 millimeters                   |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration                 inches                        |
|        |   --------------------------- ----------------------------  |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Descr  | Choice of SI or U.S. Customary units.                       |
| iption |                                                             |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.8.2 element linear_dimension_type_mm/**dimension**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   The scalar quantity of the measurement.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 1.9 element sub_assembly

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Di    | ![](media/image6.png){width="3.0625in" height="0.84375in"}   |
| agram |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chi   | **[workpiece](#element-workpiece)                            |
| ldren | [connection](#element-connection)**                          |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   -                                                          |
| By    | ------------------------ ----------------------------------- |
|       |                                                              |
|       |  element                   [**weldment**](#element-weldment) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   -                                                          |
|       | ------------------------ ----------------------------------- |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | Welding Handbook, Vol. 1, p. 136.                            |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Two workpieces joined by a weld. Identifies simple weldments |
| escri | that can be joined to form a larger more complicated         |
| ption | weldment.                                                    |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 1.10 element weld_details

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image7.png){width="3.3854166666666665in"
                height="1.1666666666666667in"}

  Children      **[joint_design](#element-joint_design)
                [weld_sizes](#element-weld_sizes)
                [number_of_passes](#element-weld_detailsnumber_of_passes)**

  Used By       element [**connection**](#element-connection)

  Source        No standards Source for this parameter. See definition of
                \"welding variable\" in AWS B2.1.

  Description   Information describing the joint and the geometric parameters
                of the designed weld.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.10.1 element weld_details/**number_of_passes**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:integer

  Description   Number of times needed to deposit weld metal to complete the
                weld.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 1.11 element weld_sizes

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image8.png){width="3.2604166666666665in"
                height="5.479166666666667in"}

  Children      **[units](#element-weld_sizesunits)
                [size](#element-weld_sizessize)
                [actual_throat](#element-weld_sizesactual_throat)
                [effective_throat](#element-weld_sizeseffective_throat)
                [leg1_and_size](#element-weld_sizesleg1_and_size)
                [leg2_and_size](#element-weld_sizesleg2_and_size)
                [theoretical_throat](#element-weld_sizestheoretical_throat)
                [convexity](#element-weld_sizesconvexity)
                [concavity](#element-weld_sizesconcavity)
                [incomplete_fusion](#element-weld_sizesincomplete_fusion)
                [depth_of_fusion](#element-weld_sizesdepth_of_fusion)**

  Used By       element [**weld_details**](#element-weld_details)

  Source        AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.

  Description   Linear dimensions of cross sectional weld features. Sizes are
                of design and actual features.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.11.1 element weld_sizes**/units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   millimeters                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   inches                       |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Choice of SI or U.S. Customary linear measurement units.     |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 1.11.2 element weld_sizes**/size**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Size of a single weld bead. See AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld
                Sizes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.11.3 element weld_sizes**/actual_throat**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.11.4 element weld_sizes/**effective_throat**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.11.5 element weld_sizes/**leg1_and_Size**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.11.6 element weld_sizes**/leg2_and_size**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.11.7 element weld_sizes/**theoretical_throat**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **1.11.8 element weld_sizes/**convexity

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.11.9 element weld_sizes/**concavity**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **1.11.10 element weld_sizes/**incomplete_fusion

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 1.11.11 element weld_sizes/**depth_of_fusion**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 25 - Weld Sizes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 1.12 element weldment

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Children      One or more instances of
                [**sub_assembly**](#element-sub_assembly)

  Source        AWS A3.0

  Description   \"An assembly whose component parts are joined by welding\"
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 1.13 element workpiece

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   ---                                                        |
| By    | ---------------- ------------------------------------------- |
|       |   e                                                          |
|       | lement             [**sub_assembly**](#element-sub_assembly) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   ---                                                        |
|       | ---------------- ------------------------------------------- |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | This element describes a piece of metal, its material,       |
| escri | geometric properties and boundaries, including its edge      |
| ption | shape for the welded joint. A workpiece can be a single      |
|       | piece of plate, or a previously assembled weldment. The      |
|       | scope of this data is beyond this welding data dictionary.   |
|       | This element represents an interface with CAD applications.  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 1.14 type weld_types

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   ---                                                        |
| By    | ----------- ------------------------------------------------ |
|       |   e                                                          |
|       | lement        [**connection/weld/weld_type**](#Link01BFE380) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   ---                                                        |
|       | ----------- ------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration             groove                             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             fillet                             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             plug                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             slot                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             spot                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             seam                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             flange                             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             stud                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             surfacing                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             upset                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             flash                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             bevelGroove                        |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             flareBevelGroove                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             doubleBevelGroove                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             jGroove                            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             singleJGroove                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             uGroove                            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             singleUGroove                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             doubleUGroove                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             vGroove                            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             flareVGroove                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             singleVGroove                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             doubleVGroove                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             squareGroove                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             edgeFlange                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             braze                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             projection                         |
|       |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS 3.0 - Figures 8, 9, 15, and AWS A9.1 - Table1            |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Classification of the weld by its joint configuration.       |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

#  Welding Process Data

## 2.1 type allied_processes

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   ----------- ----------------------------                   |
| By    | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       |   element     [**welding_process_type/al                     |
|       | lied_process**](#element-welding_process_typeallied_process) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   ----------- ----------------------------                   |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration             oxygen_cutting(OC)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             arc_cutting(AC)                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             other_cutting                      |
|       |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS 3.0, Figure 54b -- Master Chart of Allied Processes      |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Processes, used by manufacturers that also use welding.      |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.2 type arc_welding_processes

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p**:**string                                  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  | element                                                      |
| By    | [**welding_process_type/arc_welding_                         |
|       | process**](#element-welding_process_typearc_welding_process) |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------- -----------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration     atomicHydrogenWelding(AHW)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     bareMetalArcWelding(BMAW)                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     carbonArcWelding(CAW)                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     carbonArcWeldingGas(CAW-G)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     carbonArcWeldingShielded(CAW-S)            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     electrogasWelding(EGW)                     |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     electroSlagWelding(ESW)                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     gasMetalArcWelding(GMAW)                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     gasTungstenArcWelding(GTAW)                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     plasmaArcWelding(PAW)                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     shieldedMetalArcWelding(SMAW)              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     studArcWelding(SW)                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     submergedArcWelding(SAW)                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     submergedArcWeldingSeries(SAW-S)           |
|       |   --------------- -----------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.3 type brazing_processes

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  | element                                                      |
| By    | [**welding_process_type/braz                                 |
|       | ing_process**](#element-welding_process_typebrazing_process) |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------- ---------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration       block_brazing(BB)                        |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       diffusion_brazing(CAB)                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       dip_brazing(DB)                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       exothermic_brazing(EXB)                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       flow_brazing(FLOW)                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       furnace_brazing(FB)                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       induction_brazing(IB)                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       infrared_brazing(IRB)                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       resistance_brazing(RB)                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       torch_brazing(TB)                        |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       twin_carbon_arc_brazing(TCAB)            |
|       |   ----------------- ---------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.4 element electrical_specification

  ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image9.png){width="4.760416666666667in" height="4.479166666666667in"}

  Children      **[current_value](#element-electrical_specificationcurrent_value)
                [voltage_value](#element-electrical_specificationvoltage_value)
                [other_reference_work_value](#element-electrical_specificationother_reference_work_value)
                [current_type](#element-electrical_specificationcurrent_type)
                [polarity](#element-electrical_specificationpolarity)
                [transfer_mode](#element-electrical_specificationtransfer_mode)
                [tungsten_electrode_specification](#element-electrical_specificationtungsten_electrode_specification)
                [tungsten_electrode_classification](#element-electrical_specificationtungsten_electrode_classification)
                [tungsten_electrode_diameter](#element-electrical_specificationtungsten_electrode_diameter)**

  Used By       element [**welding_procedure_specification**](#element-welding_procedure_specification)

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8

  Description   For arc welding only, the values and types of current used.
  ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.4.1 element electrical_specification/**current_value**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8 (1)

  Description   Current used for a procedure, or current specified (units are
                amperes).
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.4.2 element electrical_specification/**voltage_value**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8 (2)

  Description   The voltage to be maintained by the power source, measured
                between the electrode and the workpiece. Units are volts.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.4.3 element electrical_specification/**other_reference_work_value**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Commanded variable level for use by various control modes,
                especially synergic. Units could be WFS, with current levels
                determined by the intelligent power source.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.4.4 element electrical_specification/**current_type**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------------ --------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration              constant_current                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration              constant_voltage                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration              pulsed                            |
|       |   ------------------------ --------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8 (1)                                 |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The flow of current implemented by the power source.         |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.4.5 element electrical_specification/**polarity**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------------------- -------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                     DCEP                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                     DCEN                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                     AC                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                     PULSED                     |
|       |   ------------------------------- -------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8 (1)                                 |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The electrical polarity between the electrode and the        |
| escri | workpiece, in direct current arc welding.                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.4.6 element electrical_specification/**transfer_mode**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                 spray                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                 globular                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                 short circuit                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                 not applicable                 |
|       |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B2.1, section 2.13.8 (5)                                 |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The method for causing molten weld metal to leave the        |
| escri | consumable electrode and enter the weld pool.                |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.4.7 element electrical_specification/**tungsten_electrode_specification**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.8, and AWS A5.12.

  Description   Description of the electrode's chemical composition, and
                length and diameter.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.4.8 element electrical_specification/**tungsten_electrode_classification**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.8, and AWS A5.12.

  Description   The name of a formal AWS or ISO class, determined by the
                chemical composition.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.4.9 element electrical_specification/**tungsten_electrode_diameter**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          linear_dimension_type_mm

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.8

  Description   Diameter of the electrode.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 2.5 element filler_metal

  ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image10.png){width="3.6875in" height="6.322916666666667in"}

  Children      **[filler_form](#element-filler_metalfiller_form)
                [classification](#element-filler_metalclassification)
                [specification](#element-filler_metalspecification)
                [size_or_diameter](#element-filler_metalsize_or_diameter)
                [nominal_composition](#element-filler_metalnominal_composition)
                [f_number](#element-filler_metalf_number)
                [a_number](#element-filler_metala_number)
                [flux_classification](#element-filler_metalflux_classification)
                [supplemental_filler_metal](#element-filler_metalsupplemental_filler_metal)
                [consumable_insert](#element-filler_metaluse_consumable_insert)
                [consumable_insert_type](#element-filler_metalconsumable_insert_type)
                [consumable_guide](#element-filler_metalconsumable_guide)
                [supplemental_deoxidant](#element-filler_metalsupplemental_deoxidant)**

  Used By       element
                [**welding_procedure_specification**](#element-welding_procedure_specification)

  Source        AWS B2.1, Section 2.13.3

  Description   AWS A3.0 definition: \"Metal or alloy added in making a \... joint\".
  ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.5.1 element filler_metal/**filler_form**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration             wire                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             wire_coiled                        |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             wire_spooled                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             round_wire                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             rectangular_wire                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             strip_coiled                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             strip_spooled                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             round_wire                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             rod                                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             rod_rectangular                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             rod_round                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             powder_and_paste                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             foil                               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             sheet                              |
|       |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS                                                          |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Physical shape of the filler metal and of its bulk           |
| escri | configuration.                                               |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.5.2 element filler_metal/**classification**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   A formal AWS or ISO designation assigned according to the
                chemical composition.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **2.5.3 element filler_metal/**specification

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   A designation including composition and physical properties of
                the filler metal.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.5.4 element filler_metal**/size_or_diameter**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          linear_dimension_type_mm

  Description   Diameter of round metal, or dimensions of prismatic shaped
                metal.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.5.5 element filler_metal/**nominal_composition**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Use only if a formal classification is not used.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.5.6 element filler_metal/**f_number**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   AWS B2.1 definiton: \"A designation used to group welding
                filler metal for procedure and performance qualifications\".
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.5.7 element filler_metal**/a_number**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   AWS B2.1 definition: \"a designation to classify ferrous weld
                metal for procedure qualification based upon chemical
                composition\".
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.5.8 element filler_metal/**flux_classification**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ---------------------- ----------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration            none                                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            solid/metal core                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            flux_cored                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration            powder_cored                        |
|       |   ---------------------- ----------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The formal classification of the flux. e.g. ANSI/AWS A5.20   |
| escri | describes classes for carbon steel electrodes for flux cored |
| ption | arc welding.                                                 |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.5.9 element filler_metal/**supplemental_filler_metal**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Specification of a filler metal used in addition to a
                consumable electrode.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.5.10 element filler_metal/**use_consumable_insert**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:boolean

  Description   Boolean stating whether a consumable insert is required or
                specified.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **2.5.11 element filler_metal/**consumable_insert_type

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Specification of the material property and its size.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.5.12 element filler_metal/**consumable_guide**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Material used to contain the weld pool that is melted and
                becomes part of the weld.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.5.13 element filler_metal**/supplemental_deoxidant**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Material added to reduce formation of compounds of oxygen
                during welding.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 2.6 element gas_component

  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image11.png){width="3.625in"
                height="0.9791666666666666in"}

  Children      **[gas_chemical_name](#element-gas_componentgas_chemical_name)
                [gas_percentage](#element-gas_componentgas_percentage)**

  Used By       type [**shielding_gas_type**](#type-shielding_gas_type)

  Source        ANSI/AWS A9.1, section 5.1.7

  Description   A single gas element of a mixture.
  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.6.1 element gas_component/**gas_chemical_name**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------------- -------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration               argon                            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration               carbon dioxide                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration               helium                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration               hydrogen                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration               oxygen                           |
|       |   ------------------------- -------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Name of a single element or compound of gas.                 |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.6.2 element gas_component/**gas_percentage**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Percentage by weight this gas occupies of the total gas
                mixture.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 2.7 type gas_flowrate_type

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Di    | ![](media/image12.png){width="3.1979166666666665in"          |
| agram | height="0.9791666666666666in"}                               |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chi   | **[units](#element-gas_flowrate_typeunits)                   |
| ldren | [flow_rate](#element-gas_flowrate_typeflow_rate)**           |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   ---------- --------------                                  |
| By    | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       |   e                                                          |
|       | lements   **[shielding_gas_for_procedure/backing_gas_flowrat |
|       | e](#element-shielding_gas_for_procedurebacking_gas_flowrate) |
|       |              [shi                                            |
|       | elding_gas_for_procedure/torch_shielding_gas_flowrate](#elem |
|       | ent-shielding_gas_for_proceduretorch_shielding_gas_flowrate) |
|       |              [shielding_g                                    |
|       | as_for_procedure/trailing_shielding_gas_flowrate](#element-s |
|       | hielding_gas_for_proceduretrailing_shielding_gas_flowrate)** |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   ---------- --------------                                  |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Flow rate in either U.S. Customary or SI units.              |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.7.1 element gas_flowrate_type/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration             liters per minute                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             cubic feet per hour                |
|       |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.7.2 element gas_flowrate_type/**flow_rate**

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type     p:decimal

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 2.8 element heat_treatment

  ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image13.png){width="4.270833333333333in" height="2.9791666666666665in"}

  Children      **[preweld_temperature](#element-heat_treatmentpreweld_temperature)
                [preweld_time](#element-heat_treatmentpreweld_time)
                [max_interpass_temperature](#element-heat_treatmentmax_interpass_temperature)
                [PWHT_minimum_temperature](#element-heat_treatmentpwht_minimum_temperature)
                [PWHT_maximum_termperature](#element-heat_treatmentpwht_maximum_termperature)
                [PWHT_hold_time](#element-heat_treatmentpwht_hold_time)**

  Used By       element
                [**welding_procedure_specification**](#element-welding_procedure_specification)

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.6. Discussion of preheat in Welding Handbook, V2, pp. 206,
                253-255

  Description   Description of the heating of a joint (if required) before or after welding, or
                of maximum or minimum required temperatures to be maintained during welding to
                improve or maintain desireable properties of the base metal or of the weld.
  ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.8.1 element heat_treatment/**preweld_temperature**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image14.png){width="3.625in"
                height="1.3958333333333333in"}

  Type          [**temperature_type**](#type-temperature_type)

  Children      **[units](#element-temperature_typeunits)
                [value](#element-temperature_typevalue)**

  Source        AWB B2.1, section 2.13.5 (1).

  Description   Required temperature of base material before welding begins.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.8.2 element heat_treatment/**preweld_time**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.5 (3).

  Description   Time base materials must be held at the required temperature.
                Need details on preferred units, e.g. whole minutes, decimal
                minutes, minutes + seconds.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.8.3 element heat_treatment/**max_interpass_temperature**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image15.png){width="4.0in"
                height="1.3958333333333333in"}

  Type          [**temperature_type**](#type-temperature_type)

  Children      **[units](#element-temperature_typeunits)
                [value](#element-temperature_typevalue)**

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.5 (2), and AWS A3.0 definition.

  Description   The maximum allowed temperature of the weld area between weld
                passes of a multipass weld.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.8.4 element heat_treatment/**PWHT_minimum_temperature**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image15.png){width="4.0in"
                height="1.3958333333333333in"}

  Type          [**temperature_type**](#type-temperature_type)

  Children      **[units](#element-temperature_typeunits)
                [value](#element-temperature_typevalue)**

  Description   Minimum temperature that must be maintained during heat
                treatment.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.8.5 element heat_treatment/**PWHT_maximum_termperature**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image16.png){width="4.15625in"
                height="1.3958333333333333in"}

  Type          [**temperature_type**](#type-temperature_type)

  Children      **[units](#element-temperature_typeunits)
                [value](#element-temperature_typevalue)**

  Description   Maximum allowed temperature during heat treatment.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **2.8.6 element heat_treatment/**PWHT_hold_time

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.6 (1).

  Description   Units: minutes
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 2.9 type other_welding_processes

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  | element                                                      |
| By    | [**welding_process_type/other_welding_pr                     |
|       | ocess**](#element-welding_process_typeother_welding_process) |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration        electron_beam_welding(EBW)              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        electroslag_welding(ESW)                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        flow_welding(FLOW)                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        induction_welding(IW)                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        laser_beam_welding(LBW)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        percussion_welding(PEW)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        thermite_welding(TW)                    |
|       |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.10 type oxyfuel_gas_welding_processes

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   ----                                                       |
| By    | ----- ------------------------------------------------------ |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       |   el                                                         |
|       | ement   [**welding_process_type/oxyfuel_gas_welding_process* |
|       | *](#element-welding_process_typeoxyfuel_gas_welding_process) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   ----                                                       |
|       | ----- ------------------------------------------------------ |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration        air_acetylene_welding(AAW)              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        oxyacetylene_welding(OAW)               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        oxyhydrogen_welding(OHW)                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        pressure_gas_welding(PGW)               |
|       |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS A3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and       |
| escri | Allied Processes                                             |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.11 element preheat_and_interpass

  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image17.png){width="4.78125in" height="1.4791666666666667in"}

  Children      **[preheat_minimum_temperature](#element-preheat_and_interpasspreheat_minimum_temperature)
                [interpass_temperature_maximum](#element-preheat_and_interpassinterpass_temperature_maximum)
                [preheat_maintenance](#element-preheat_and_interpasspreheat_maintenance)**

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.5

  Description   Requirement for temperature of the base metal in the welding area immediately before welding,
                and requirement between weld passes.
  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.11.1 element preheat_and_interpass/**preheat_minimum_temperature**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image18.png){width="4.208333333333333in"
                height="1.3958333333333333in"}

  Type          [**temperature_type**](#type-temperature_type)

  Children      **[units](#element-temperature_typeunits)
                [value](#element-temperature_typevalue)**

  Description   Lowest allowed temperature immediately before welding.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **2.11.2 element preheat_and_interpass/**interpass_temperature_maximum

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image19.png){width="4.21875in"
                height="1.3958333333333333in"}

  Type          [**temperature_type**](#type-temperature_type)

  Children      **[units](#element-temperature_typeunits)
                [value](#element-temperature_typevalue)**

  Description   Highest allowed temperature between welding passes, before
                another pass may be made.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.11.3 element preheat_and_interpass/**preheat_maintenance**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration        continuous                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        special heating not required            |
|       |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Method of applying heat to insure weldment stays above       |
| escri | minimum allowed temperature.                                 |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.12 type resistance_welding_processes

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   --                                                         |
| By    | ------- ---------------------------------------------------- |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       |                                                              |
|       | element   [**welding_process_type/resistance_welding_process |
|       | **](#element-welding_process_typeresistance_welding_process) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   --                                                         |
|       | ------- ---------------------------------------------------- |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ---------------- ----------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration      flash_welding(FW)                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      projection_welding(PW)                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      resistance_spot_welding(RSW)              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      resistance_weam_welding(RSEW)             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      upset_welding(UW)                         |
|       |   ---------------- ----------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.13 element shielding_gas_for_procedure

  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image20.png){width="5.083333333333333in" height="4.479166666666667in"}

  Children      **[use_torch_shielding_gas](#element-shielding_gas_for_procedureuse_torch_shielding_gas)
                [torch_shielding_gas](#element-shielding_gas_for_proceduretorch_shielding_gas)
                [torch_shielding_gas_flowrate](#element-shielding_gas_for_proceduretorch_shielding_gas_flowrate)
                [use_backing_gas](#element-shielding_gas_for_procedureuse_backing_gas)
                [backing_gas](#element-shielding_gas_for_procedurebacking_gas)
                [backing_gas_flowrate](#element-shielding_gas_for_procedurebacking_gas_flowrate)
                [use_trailing_gas](#element-shielding_gas_for_procedureuse_trailing_gas)
                [trailing_shielding_gas](#element-shielding_gas_for_proceduretrailing_shielding_gas)
                [trailing_shielding_gas_flowrate](#element-shielding_gas_for_proceduretrailing_shielding_gas_flowrate)**

  Used By       element [**welding_procedure_specification**](#element-welding_procedure_specification)

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.7

  Description   Description of applicable gas composition and flowrates, including torch gas shielding, backing gas, and
                trailing gas.
  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.13.1 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/**use_torch_shielding_gas**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:boolean

  Description   Torch shielding gas is/is not required or specified.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **2.13.2 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/**torch_shielding_gas

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Type          [**shielding_gas_type**](#type-shielding_gas_type)

  Children      **[gas_component](#element-gas_component)
                [common_name](#element-shielding_gas_typecommon_name)
                [designation](#element-shielding_gas_typedesignation)**

  Description   Composition of shielding gas expelled from a nozzle in the
                welding torch.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **2.13.3 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/**torch_shielding_gas_flowrate

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image21.png){width="4.0625in"
                height="1.3958333333333333in"}

  Type          [**gas_flowrate_type**](#type-gas_flowrate_type)

  Children      **[units](#element-gas_flowrate_typeunits)
                [flow_rate](#element-gas_flowrate_typeflow_rate)**

  Description   Flow rate of shielding gas required or specified.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **2.13.4 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/**use_backing_gas

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:boolean

  Description   Backing gas is/is not required or specified.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.13.5 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/**backing_gas**

  ---------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram    ![](media/image22.png){width="3.8333333333333335in"
             height="1.9166666666666667in"}

  Type       [**shielding_gas_type**](#type-shielding_gas_type)

  Children   **[gas_component](#element-gas_component)
             [common_name](#element-shielding_gas_typecommon_name)
             [designation](#element-shielding_gas_typedesignation)**
  ---------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.13.6 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/**backing_gas_flowrate**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image22.png){width="3.8333333333333335in"
                height="1.9166666666666667in"}

  Type          [**gas_flowrate_type**](#type-gas_flowrate_type)

  Children      **[units](#element-gas_flowrate_typeunits)
                [flow_rate](#element-gas_flowrate_typeflow_rate)**

  Description   Flowrate of backing gas.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **2.13.7 element shielding_gas_for_procedure**/use_trailing_gas

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:boolean

  Description   Trailing shielding gas is/is not required or specified.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.13.8 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/**trailing_shielding_gas**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image23.png){width="3.9270833333333335in"
                height="1.9166666666666667in"}

  Type          [**shielding_gas_type**](#type-shielding_gas_type)

  Children      **[gas_component](#element-gas_component)
                [common_name](#element-shielding_gas_typecommon_name)
                [designation](#element-shielding_gas_typedesignation)**

  Description   Composition or identification of trailing gas.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.13.9 element shielding_gas_for_procedure/**trailing_shielding_gas_flowrate**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image24.png){width="4.15625in"
                height="1.3958333333333333in"}

  Type          [**gas_flowrate_type**](#type-gas_flowrate_type)

  Children      **[units](#element-gas_flowrate_typeunits)
                [flow_rate](#element-gas_flowrate_typeflow_rate)**

  Description   Flowrate of trailing gas during welding.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 2.14 type shielding_gas_type

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Di    | ![](media/image25.png){width="3.5625in" height="1.5in"}      |
| agram |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chi   | **[gas_component](#element-gas_component)                    |
| ldren | [common_name](#element-shielding_gas_typecommon_name)        |
|       | [designation](#element-shielding_gas_typedesignation)**      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   -------                                                    |
| By    | --- -------------------------------------------------------- |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       |   elements   **[shielding_gas_for_procedure/b                |
|       | acking_gas](#element-shielding_gas_for_procedurebacking_gas) |
|       |              [shielding_gas_for_procedure/torch_shielding_g  |
|       | as](#element-shielding_gas_for_proceduretorch_shielding_gas) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |       [shielding_gas_for_procedure/trailing_shielding_gas](# |
|       | element-shielding_gas_for_proceduretrailing_shielding_gas)** |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   -------                                                    |
|       | --- -------------------------------------------------------- |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Description of a gas or gas mixture used for shielding in    |
| escri | arc welding.                                                 |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.14.1 element shielding_gas_type/**common_name**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Trade name for the gas mixture.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.14.2 element shielding_gas_type/**designation**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Specification according to AWS classification according to
                chemical composition.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 2.15 type soldering_processes

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | p:string                                                     |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   ----------- ----------------------------------             |
| By    | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       |   element     [**welding_process_type/solderin               |
|       | g_process**](#element-welding_process_typesoldering_process) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   ----------- ----------------------------------             |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.16 type solid_state_welding_processes

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  | element                                                      |
| By    | [**welding_process_type/solid_state_welding_process*         |
|       | *](#element-welding_process_typesolid_state_welding_process) |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------- -------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration         coextrusion_welding(CEW)               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         cold_welding(CW)                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         diffusion_welding(DFW)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         explosion_welding(EXW)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         forge_welding(FOW)                     |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         friction_welding(FRW)                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         hot_pressure_welding(HPW)              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         ultrasonic_welding(USW)                |
|       |   ------------------- -------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.17 type temperature_type

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Di    | ![](media/image26.png){width="3.1770833333333335in"          |
| agram | height="0.9791666666666666in"}                               |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Chi   | **[units](#element-temperature_typeunits)                    |
| ldren | [value](#element-temperature_typevalue)**                    |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Used  |   ---------                                                  |
| By    | - ---------------------------------------------------------- |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|       |   element                                                    |
|       | s   **[preheat_and_interpass/interpass_temperature_maximum]( |
|       | #element-preheat_and_interpassinterpass_temperature_maximum) |
|       |              [heat_treatment/max_interpass_te                |
|       | mperature](#element-heat_treatmentmax_interpass_temperature) |
|       |                                                              |
|       |           [preheat_and_interpass/preheat_minimum_temperature |
|       | ](#element-preheat_and_interpasspreheat_minimum_temperature) |
|       |              [heat_treatment/prew                            |
|       | eld_temperature](#element-heat_treatmentpreweld_temperature) |
|       |              [heat_treatment/PWHT_maximum_ter                |
|       | mperature](#element-heat_treatmentpwht_maximum_termperature) |
|       |              [heat_treatment/PWHT_minimum_tem                |
|       | perature](#element-heat_treatmentpwht_minimum_temperature)** |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   ---------                                                  |
|       | - ---------------------------------------------------------- |
|       | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Specifies temperature units and the value.                   |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.17.1 element temperature_type/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   fahrenheit                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   centigrade                   |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Choice of U.S. Customary or SI units.                        |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.17.2 element temperature_type/**value**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Numeric value.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 2.18 element variables_specification

  ------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image27.png){width="4.729166666666667in" height="6.541666666666667in"}

  Children      **[welding_process](#element-variables_specificationwelding_process)
                [method_of_application](#element-variables_specificationmethod_of_application)
                [electrode_configuration](#element-variables_specificationelectrode_configuration)
                [number_of_passes](#element-variables_specificationnumber_of_passes)
                [contact_tube_to_work_distance](#element-variables_specificationcontact_tube_to_work_distance)
                [stickout](#element-variables_specificationstickout)
                [cleaning_requirement](#element-variables_specificationcleaning_requirement)
                [flux](#element-variables_specificationflux)
                [peening_requirement](#element-variables_specificationpeening_requirement)
                [weld_bead_type](#element-variables_specificationweld_bead_type)
                [travel_speed](#element-variables_specificationtravel_speed)
                [travel_angle](#element-variables_specificationtravel_angle)
                [work_angle](#element-variables_specificationwork_angle)
                [wire_feed_speed](#element-variables_specificationwire_feed_speed)
                [progression](#element-variables_specificationprogression)**

  Used By       element [**welding_procedure_specification**](#element-welding_procedure_specification)

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9

  Description   Detailed information in a WPS that supplements the basic parameters.
  ------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.1 element variables_specification/**welding_process**

  ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image28.png){width="4.927083333333333in" height="4.395833333333333in"}

  Type          [**welding_process_type**](#type-welding_process_type)

  Children      **[arc_welding_process](#element-welding_process_typearc_welding_process)
                [brazing_process](#element-welding_process_typebrazing_process)
                [other_welding_process](#element-welding_process_typeother_welding_process)
                [oxyfuel_gas_welding_process](#element-welding_process_typeoxyfuel_gas_welding_process)
                [allied_process](#element-welding_process_typeallied_process)
                [resistance_welding_process](#element-welding_process_typeresistance_welding_process)
                [soldering_process](#element-welding_process_typesoldering_process)
                [solid_state_welding_process](#element-welding_process_typesolid_state_welding_process)**

  Source        AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes

  Description   The standard classification of the welding process.
  ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.2 element variables_specification/**method_of_application**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------------- -------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration               manual                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration               semiautomatic                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration               mechanized                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration               automatic                        |
|       |   ------------------------- -------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9                                     |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The means of manipulating the welding electrode, either by   |
| escri | person or machine.                                           |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.18.3 element variables_specification/**electrode_configuration**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image29.png){width="4.229166666666667in"
                height="0.8229166666666666in"}

  Children      **[number_of_electrodes](#Link01C1BC98)
                [electrode_spacing](#Link01C1BE30)**

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9(2)

  Description   For non-manual welding, use of single or multiple electrodes
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C1BC98 .anchor}2.18.3.1 element
variables_specification/electrode_configuration/**number_of_electrodes**

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type     p:integer

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C1BE30 .anchor}2.18.3.2 element
variables_specification/electrode_configuration/**electrode_spacing**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[units](#Link01C1C5A0) [spacing](#Link01C1CB60)**

  Description   Distance between electrodes at point of entry to the weld
                pool, measured from center to center.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C1C5A0 .anchor}2.18.3.2.1 element
variables_specification/electrode_configuration/electrode_spacing/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   millimeters                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   inches                       |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

[]{#Link01C1CB60 .anchor}2.18.3.2.2 element
variables_specification/electrode_configuration/electrode_spacing/**spacing**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          linear_dimension_type_mm

  Description   Distance from center to center between dual electrodes.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.4 element variables_specification/**number_of_passes**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[single_or_multipass](#Link01C1CF28)
                [passes](#element-variables_specificationnumber_of_passespasses)**

  Description   Number of times a weld bead is laid down in a joint.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C1CF28 .anchor}2.18.4.1 element
variables_specification/number_of_passes/**single_or_multipass**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                 single_pass                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                 multi_pass                     |
|       |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.18.4.2 element variables_specification/number_of_passes/**passes**

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type     p:integer

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.5 element variables_specification/**contact_tube_to_work_distance**

  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Type          [**linear_dimension_type_mm**](#type-linear_dimension_type_mm)

  Children      **[units](#element-linear_dimension_type_mmunits)
                [dimension](#element-linear_dimension_type_mmdimension)**

  Source        AWS A3.0, Figure 38.

  Description   In gas metal arc welding, the distance from the end of the
                contact tube to the metal being joined.
  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.6 element variables_specification/**stickout**

  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image30.png){width="3.8958333333333335in"
                height="1.3958333333333333in"}

  Type          [**linear_dimension_type_mm**](#type-linear_dimension_type_mm)

  Children      **[units](#element-linear_dimension_type_mmunits)
                [dimension](#element-linear_dimension_type_mmdimension)**

  Source        AWS A3.0 definition, and Figure 38 - GMAW Gun Nomenclature.

  Description   "The length of electrode extending beyond the end of the gas
                nozzle."
  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.7 element variables_specification/**cleaning_requirement**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9 (5)

  Description   Required method of cleaning before welding, done to ensure
                weld quality.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.8 element variables_specification/**flux**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image31.png){width="2.7291666666666665in"
                height="0.9791666666666666in"}

  Children      **[specification](#Link01C1E018)
                [common_name](#Link01C1E100)**

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.1.5

  Description   Specification of the flux required or used.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C1E018 .anchor}2.18.8.1 element
variables_specification/flux/**specification**

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type     p:string

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C1E100 .anchor}2.18.8.2 element
variables_specification/flux/**common_name**

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type     p:string

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------

###  2.18.9 element variables_specification/**peening_requirement**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9 (6).

  Description   Statement of type of hammered working of the completed weld
                metal needed, if any.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.10 element variables_specification/**weld_bead_type**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                 stringer bead                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                 weave bead                     |
|       |   --------------------------- -----------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS A3.0 - Figure 22, AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9               |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | A bead produced by straight line motion or oscillation of    |
| escri | the torch.                                                   |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.18.11 element variables_specification/**travel_speed**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image32.png){width="2.9479166666666665in"
                height="0.9791666666666666in"}

  Children      **[units](#Link01C1EFB0) [speed](#Link01C1F438)**

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.9

  Description   Speed of the torch during welding.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C1EFB0 .anchor}2.18.11.1 element
variables_specification/travel_speed/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------- -------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration         inches per minute                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         millimeters per minute                 |
|       |   ------------------- -------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Choice of U.S. Customary or SI units.                        |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

[]{#Link01C1F438 .anchor}2.18.11.2 element
variables_specification/travel_speed/**speed**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Linear velocity of the torch in relation to the workpiece.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.12 element variables_specification/**travel_angle**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.2.5.9

  Description   AWS A3.0 definition: \"The angle between the electrode axis
                and a line perpendicular to the weld axis\".
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.13 element variables_specification/**work_angle**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[push_or_drag](#Link01C20DB8) [angle](#Link01C1FB80)**

  Source        AWS A9.1, section 5.2.5.9.

  Description   AWS A3.0 defintion: \"The angle between a line perpendicular
                to the major workpiece surface and a plane determined by the
                electrode axis and the weld axis\"
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C20DB8 .anchor}**2.18.13.1 element
variables_specification/work_angle/**push_or_drag

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------------------------- -------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                           push                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                           drag                 |
|       |   ------------------------------------- -------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

[]{#Link01C1FB80 .anchor}2.18.13.2 element
variables_specification/work_angle/**angle**

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type     p:decimal

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **2.18.14 element variables_specification/**wire_feed_speed

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[units](#Link01C20158) [speed](#Link01C20610)**

  Source        Welding Handbook, V2, p. 116 \"GMAW Process Variables\".

  Description   ANSI/AWS A3.0 definition: \"The rate at which wire is
                consumed..\"
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

[]{#Link01C20158 .anchor}2.18.14.1 element
variables_specification/wire_feed_speed/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------------- -----------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration           millimeters per second               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           inches per minute                    |
|       |   --------------------- -----------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

[]{#Link01C20610 .anchor}2.18.14.2 element
variables_specification/wire_feed_speed/**speed**

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type     p:decimal

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.18.15 element variables_specification/**progression**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   upward                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   downward                     |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B2.1, section 2.13.4 (2)                                 |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The movement of the torch, or the orientation of the weld    |
| escri | joint, in relation to the direction of gravity.              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.19 element welding_position

  ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[position](#element-welding_positionposition)
                [position_designation](#element-welding_positionposition_designation)
                [progression_for_vertical](#element-welding_positionprogression_for_vertical)**

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.4, and AWS A3.0 Figures 16-20.

  Description   AWS A3.0 definition: \"The relationship between the weld pool, joint, joint
                members, and welding heat Source during welding.\"
  ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.19.1 element welding_position/**position**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   -------------------- ------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration          flat                                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          horizontal                            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          vertical                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          overhead                              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          all_positions(for PQRs)               |
|       |   -------------------- ------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Name of the position.                                        |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.19.2 element welding_position/**position_designation**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ---------------------------------------- ----------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                              1F                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                              1G                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                              2F                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                              2G                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                              4F                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                              4G                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                              5F                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                              5G                |
|       |   ---------------------------------------- ----------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS A3.0, Figures 16-20.                                     |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The two character abbreviation for the position.             |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.19.3 element welding_position/**progression_for_vertical**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------------------- -------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                     uphill                     |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                     downhill                   |
|       |   ------------------------------- -------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B2.1, section 2.13.4 (2).                                |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Direction of torch travel on a weld that is inclined away    |
| escri | from the horizontal position.                                |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 2.20 element welding_procedure_specification

  ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image33.png){width="5.145833333333333in"
                height="2.8854166666666665in"}

  Children      **[wps_number](#element-welding_procedure_specificationwps_number)
                [joint_design](#element-joint_design)
                [base_metal](#element-base_metal)
                [filler_metal](#element-filler_metal)
                [heat_treatment](#element-heat_treatment)
                [shielding_gas_for_procedure](#element-shielding_gas_for_procedure)
                [electrical_specification](#element-electrical_specification)
                [variables_specification](#element-variables_specification)**

  Source        AWS B2.1, section 2.13.

  Description   AWS A3.0 definition: \"A document providing the required welding
                variables for a specific application\...\"
  ------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.20.1 element welding_procedure_specification/**wps_number**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        Use of WPS number appears in many suggested report forms,
                including AASHTO/AWS D1.5M:D1.5/2002, Form III-2, and AWS
                B4.0, Figure E14.

  Description   A unique alphanumeric identifier for a specific WPS.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 2.21 type welding_process_type

  ------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image34.png){width="4.666666666666667in" height="3.9791666666666665in"}

  Children      **[arc_welding_process](#element-welding_process_typearc_welding_process)
                [brazing_process](#element-welding_process_typebrazing_process)
                [other_welding_process](#element-welding_process_typeother_welding_process)
                [oxyfuel_gas_welding_process](#element-welding_process_typeoxyfuel_gas_welding_process)
                [allied_process](#element-welding_process_typeallied_process)
                [resistance_welding_process](#element-welding_process_typeresistance_welding_process)
                [soldering_process](#element-welding_process_typesoldering_process)
                [solid_state_welding_process](#element-welding_process_typesolid_state_welding_process)**

  Used By       element
                [**variables_specification/welding_process**](#element-variables_specificationwelding_process)

  Source        AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes.

  Description   Broad classification of the welding process.
  ------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.21.1 element welding_process_type/**arc_welding_process**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | [**arc_welding_processes**](#type-arc_welding_processes)     |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------- -----------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration     atomicHydrogenWelding(AHW)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     bareMetalArcWelding(BMAW)                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     carbonArcWelding(CAW)                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     carbonArcWeldingGas(CAW-G)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     carbonArcWeldingShielded(CAW-S)            |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     electrogasWelding(EGW)                     |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     electroSlagWelding(ESW)                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     gasMetalArcWelding(GMAW)                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     gasTungstenArcWelding(GTAW)                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     plasmaArcWelding(PAW)                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     shieldedMetalArcWelding(SMAW)              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     studArcWelding(SW)                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     submergedArcWelding(SAW)                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     submergedArcWeldingSeries(SAW-S)           |
|       |   --------------- -----------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### **2.21.2 element welding_process_type/**brazing_process

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | [**brazing_processes**](#type-brazing_processes)             |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ---------------- ----------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration      block_brazing(BB)                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      diffusion_brazing(CAB)                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      dip_brazing(DB)                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      exothermic_brazing(EXB)                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      flow_brazing(FLOW)                        |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      furnace_brazing(FB)                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      induction_brazing(IB)                     |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      infrared_brazing(IRB)                     |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      resistance_brazing(RB)                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      torch_brazing(TB)                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      twin_carbon_arc_brazing(TCAB)             |
|       |   ---------------- ----------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0-94 p. 100, 101                                   |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.21.3 element welding_process_type/**other_welding_process**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | [**other_welding_processes**](#type-other_welding_processes) |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration        electron_beam_welding(EBW)              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        electroslag_welding(ESW)                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        flow_welding(FLOW)                      |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        induction_welding(IW)                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        laser_beam_welding(LBW)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        percussion_welding(PEW)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        thermite_welding(TW)                    |
|       |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.21.4 element welding_process_type/**oxyfuel_gas_welding_process**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | [**oxyfuel_g                                                 |
|       | as_welding_processes**](#type-oxyfuel_gas_welding_processes) |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration        air_acetylene_welding(AAW)              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        oxyacetylene_welding(OAW)               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        oxyhydrogen_welding(OHW)                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        pressure_gas_welding(PGW)               |
|       |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A -- Master Chart of Welding and       |
| escri | Allied Processes                                             |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.21.5 element welding_process_type/**allied_process**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | [**allied_processes**](#type-allied_processes)               |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration             oxygen_cutting(OC)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             arc_cutting(AC)                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             other_cutting                      |
|       |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.21.6 element welding_process_type/**resistance_welding_process**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | [**resista                                                   |
|       | nce_welding_processes**](#type-resistance_welding_processes) |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ---------------- ----------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration      flash_welding(FW)                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      projection_welding(PW)                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      resistance_spot_welding(RSW)              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      resistance_weam_welding(RSEW)             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration      upset_welding(UW)                         |
|       |   ---------------- ----------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 2.21.7 element welding_process_type**/soldering_process**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          [**soldering_processes**](#type-soldering_processes)

  Description   See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied
                Processes
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 2.21.8 element welding_process_type/**solid_state_welding_process**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | [**solid_sta                                                 |
|       | te_welding_processes**](#type-solid_state_welding_processes) |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------- -------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration         coextrusion_welding(CEW)               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         cold_welding(CW)                       |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         diffusion_welding(DFW)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         explosion_welding(EXW)                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         forge_welding(FOW)                     |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         friction_welding(FRW)                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         hot_pressure_welding(HPW)              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         ultrasonic_welding(USW)                |
|       |   ------------------- -------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | See AWS 3.0, Figure 54A - Master Chart of Welding and Allied |
| escri | Processes                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

# 3. Testing and Inspection Data

Terms typically used in inspection applications that already appear in
the previous sections will not be duplicated in this section. The scope
is data that is essential to reporting results of tests. In addition,
some fields were added that are found on test results forms that are
essential for record keeping and for tracing the source of results.
Example data are testing machine type, model and serial number,
technician running the test, and date of test.

The scope of this data dictionary addresses mechanical testing, but not
non-destructive (e.g. Welding Handbook, Vol. 1, p. 213), metallurgical
or compositional testing. These areas need to be documented for complete
coverage of welding testing procedures and their results.

## 3.1 element bend_test_bend_radius

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[units](#element-bend_test_bend_radiusunits)
                [radius](#element-bend_test_bend_radiusradius)**

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A1-9(6)

  Description   Radius of the plunger or mandrel used in a bend test.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.1.1 element bend_test_bend_radius/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   millimeters                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   inches                       |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Choice of U.S. Customary or SI units.                        |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 3.1.2 element bend_test_bend_radius/**radius**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          linear_dimension_type_mm

  Description   The numerical value.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.2 type bend_test_types

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------- -------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration         transverse_side_bend                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         transverse_face_bend                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         transverse_root_bend                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         longitudinal_face_bend                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         longitudinal_root_bend                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         fillet_weld_root_bend                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         surfacing_weld_face_bend               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         surfacing_weld_side_bend               |
|       |   ------------------- -------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B4.0, section A1-7                                       |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Classification of bend test specified.                       |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 3.3 element fracture_crack_plane_orientation

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A3-9

  Description   Location of the fracture in relation to the weld.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.4 element fracture_energy_absorbed

  ------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image35.png){width="4.09375in" height="0.9791666666666666in"}

  Children      **[units](#element-fracture_energy_absorbedunits)
                [energy_absorbed](#element-fracture_energy_absorbedenergy_absorbed)**

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A3-9.1(10).

  Description   In a fracture toughness test, the energy consumed in breaking the
                specimen.
  ------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.4.1 element fracture_energy_absorbed/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Di    | ![](media/image35.png){width="4.09375in"                     |
| agram | height="0.9791666666666666in"}                               |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------- ---------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration       joules                                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration       foot_pounds                              |
|       |   ----------------- ---------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Choice of U.S. Customary or SI units.                        |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 3.4.2 element fracture_energy_absorbed/**energy_absorbed**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   The value of the test result.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.5 element fracture_machine_notch_position

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A3-9

  Description   Location of the machined notch.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.6 element fracture_specimen_location

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A3-9

  Description   Area of the weldment the specimen was cut from.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.7 type fracture_toughness_test_methods

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------- -----------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration     charpy_v_notch_E_23                        |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     dynamic_tear_E_604                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     plane_strain_E_399                         |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     drop_weight_nil_ductility_temp_E_208       |
|       |   --------------- -----------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B4.0, section A3.1                                       |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Name of the specific ASTM test specified.                    |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 3.8 type fracture_type_of_test_equipment

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A3-9

  Description   Mechanical configuration of test machine used, to conform to a
                specified test method.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.9 element hardness_indentor

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section C2-9(7)

  Description   Specification for the indentor used in the test. This is one
                data element of a test report.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.10 element hardness_load

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        AWS B4.0, section C2-9(7)

  Description   The force load used in the test, units must be specified. This
                is one data element of a test report.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.11 element hardness_location_of_impressions

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section C2-9(8)

  Description   Description of locations of multiple test impressions.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.12 element hardness_test_result

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Source        AWS B4.0, section C219.(10).

  Description   The numerical hardness value obtained by the test.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.13 element hardness_test_types

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------- -------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration         brinell_E_10                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         rockwell_E_18                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         vickers_E_92                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         Knoop                                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         vickers_E_384                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         portable_hardness_E_110                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration         other_rockwell                         |
|       |   ------------------- -------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B4.0, section C2-4                                       |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The name of the test specified or required.                  |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 3.14 element mechanical_test

  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[test_type](#element-mechanical_testtest_type)
                [specification_organization](#element-mechanical_testspecification_organization)
                [specification_number](#element-mechanical_testspecification_number)
                [specification_version](#element-mechanical_testspecification_version)**

  Source        AWS B4.0:2000, ANSI/AWS A9.2.

  Description   A destructive test done to determine properties of a weld.
  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.14.1 element mechanical_test/**test_type**

  ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image36.png){width="3.9895833333333335in"
                height="1.3958333333333333in"}

  Type          [**mechanical_tests**](#type-mechanical_tests)

  Children      **[test_name](#element-mechanical_teststest_name)
                [applicable_weld_type](#element-mechanical_testsapplicable_weld_type)**

  Description   Category of test required or performed.
  ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------

### **3.14.2 element mechanical_test/**specification_organization

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type     **p:string**

  Source   ANSI/AWS A9.2. sections 5.1.1.1, 5.2.1.1, 5.3.1.1
  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.14.3 element mechanical_test/**specification_number**

  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type     **p:string**

  Source   ANSI/AWS A9.2. sections 5.1.1.2, 5.2.1.2, 5.3.1.2
  -------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.14.4 element mechanical_test/**specification_version**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        ANSI/AWS A9.2. sections 5.1.1.3, 5.2.1.3, 5.3.1.3

  Description   The version of the test method used.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.15 type mechanical_tests

  ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image37.png){width="3.7083333333333335in"
                height="0.9791666666666666in"}

  Children      **[test_name](#element-mechanical_teststest_name)
                [applicable_weld_type](#element-mechanical_testsapplicable_weld_type)**

  Used By       element
                [**mechanical_test/test_type**](#element-mechanical_testtest_type)

  Source        AWS B4.0:2000

  Description   Name of test type and the weld type being evaluated.
  ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.15.1 element mechanical_tests/**test_name**

+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type   | enumeration of p:string                                     |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Values |   ------------------- ------------------------------------  |
|        |   enumeration         bend                                  |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         face_bend                             |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         root_bend                             |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         side_bend                             |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         tension                               |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         fracture_toughness                    |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         longitudinal_guided_bend              |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         soundness                             |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         shear                                 |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         nick_break                            |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         hardness                              |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         stud_weld                             |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         controlled thermal_severity           |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         cruciform                             |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         implant                               |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         lehigh_restraint                      |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         varestraint                           |
|        |                                                             |
|        |   enumeration         oblique_y_groove                      |
|        |   ------------------- ------------------------------------  |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
| Source | AWS B4.0:2000                                               |
+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------+

### 3.15.2 element mechanical_tests/**applicable_weld_type**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   -------------------- ------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration          groove_weld                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          fillet_weld                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          groove_and_fillet_welds               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          stud_weld                             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration          weldability_test                      |
|       |   -------------------- ------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | AWS B4.0 classifies tests by weld Type, ie groove, fillet,   |
| escri | stud, etc.                                                   |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 3.16 element nick_break_apparatus

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------------- -----------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration           fracture_by_hammer                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           loading_in_tension                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           three_point_bending                  |
|       |   --------------------- -----------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B4.0, section C1-6                                       |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Type of test performed                                       |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 3.17 type shear_specimen_types

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   longitudinal                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   transverse                   |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B4.0, section B3-7                                       |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Orientation of the specimen to that of the sampled weld.     |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 3.18 element shear_test_shear_strength

  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[units](#element-shear_test_shear_strengthunits)
                [shear_strength](#element-shear_test_shear_strengthshear_strength)**

  Source        AWS B4.0, section B3-9(5)

  Description   The numerical results from a shear test.
  ------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.18.1 element shear_test_shear_strength/**units**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   SI or U.S. customary units.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.18.2 element shear_test_shear_strength/**shear_strength**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Numerical results of the test.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.19 element shear_test_unit_shear_load

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image38.png){width="3.8020833333333335in"
                height="0.9791666666666666in"}

  Children      **[units](#element-shear_test_unit_shear_loadunits)
                [load](#element-shear_test_unit_shear_loadload)**

  Source        AWS B4.0, section B3-9(4)

  Description   Numerical results of the test.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.19.1 element shear_test_unit_shear_load/**units**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Choice of U.S. Customary or SI system.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.19.2 element shear_test_unit_shear_load/**load**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Numerical value of the test result.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.20 type soundness_test_types

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------- -----------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration     fillet_weld_break_proc_qual                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     fillet_weld_break_primer_coated_p_q        |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     fillet_weld_break_galv_proc_qual           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     fillet_weld_break_welder_qual              |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration     fillet_weld_break_tack_welder_qual         |
|       |   --------------- -----------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B4.0, section B2-7                                       |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Criterion for using the results of the test.                 |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 3.21 type tension_specimen_types

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration        round_all_weld_metal_type               |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        round_transverse_type                   |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        rectangular_transverse_type             |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        rectangular_longitudinal_type           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration        tubular_type                            |
|       |   ------------------ --------------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B4.0, section A2-7.                                      |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Description of shape of the specimen and where in the weld   |
| escri | it was taken.                                                |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 3.22 element tension_test_data

  ------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image39.png){width="4.395833333333333in" height="6.979166666666667in"}

  Children      **[strength_units](#element-tension_test_datastrength_units)
                [linear_units](#element-tension_test_datalinear_units)
                [ultimate_tensile_strength](#element-tension_test_dataultimate_tensile_strength)
                [yield_strength](#element-tension_test_datayield_strength)
                [percent_elongation](#element-tension_test_datapercent_elongation)
                [percent_reduction_of_area](#element-tension_test_datapercent_reduction_of_area)
                [stress_strain_Diagram_number](#element-tension_test_datastress_strain_diagram_number)
                [location_of_fracture](#element-tension_test_datalocation_of_fracture)
                [mode_of_fracture](#element-tension_test_datamode_of_fracture)
                [maximum_load](#element-tension_test_datamaximum_load)
                [original_cross_sectional_area](#element-tension_test_dataoriginal_cross_sectional_area)
                [original_gage_length](#element-tension_test_dataoriginal_gage_length)
                [final_gage_length](#element-tension_test_datafinal_gage_length)
                [type_of_failure](#element-tension_test_datatype_of_failure)**

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A2-4

  Description   The physical quantities measured by testing a groove weld using ASTM procedures for
                tension testing.
  ------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### **3.22.1 element tension_test_data/**strength_units

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          Enumeration of p:string

  Description   Choice of SI or U.S. Customary units.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.22.2 element tension_test_data/**linear_units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   millimeters                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   inches                       |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Choice of SI or U.S. Customary units.                        |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 3.22.3 element tension_test_data/**ultimate_tensile_strength**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Highest engineering stress in the material before rupture.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.22.4 element tension_test_data/**yield_strength**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Maximum stress that can be induced before the material goes
                plastic.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **3.22.5 element tension_test_data/**percent_elongation

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   A measure of ductility, the change in gage length divided by
                the original length times 100.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.22.6 element tension_test_data/**percent_reduction_of_area**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Difference between the original cross sectional area and the
                smallest specimen cross section after testing.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.22.7 element tension_test_data/**stress_strain_Diagram_number**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Drawing number of the plot of stress versus strain test
                results.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.22.8 element tension_test_data/**location_of_fracture**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   --------------------- -----------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration           unaffected base metal                |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           weld metal                           |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration           heat affected zone                   |
|       |   --------------------- -----------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Type of material in the specimen where the fracture          |
| escri | occurred.                                                    |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 3.22.9 element tension_test_data/**mode_of_fracture**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Mechanics of material deformation that caused the fracture.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.22.10 element tension_test_data/**maximum_load**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Maximum force exerted on the specimen during the test.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.22.11 element tension_test_data/**original_cross_sectional_area**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Area of the specimen before testing.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.22.12 element tension_test_data/**original_gage_length**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Length of the specimen before testing.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### **3.22.13 element tension_test_data/**final_gage_length

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Specimen length after testing, measured to determine
                elongation.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.22.14 element tension_test_data**/type_of_failure**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ---------------------------------- ----------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                        ductile                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                        brittle                 |
|       |   ---------------------------------- ----------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B4.0, section A2-9                                       |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 3.23 element test_fracture_appearance

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A3-9

  Description   Visible evidence of the fracture.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.24 element test_fracture_location

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A3-9.

  Description   Area of failure relative to the weld.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.25 element test_LGBTFW_angle_of_fracture

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section B1-9(6)

  Description   Longtitudinal guided-bend test for fillet welds, angle of
                fracture.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.26 element test_LGBTFW_discontinuity

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image40.png){width="4.520833333333333in" height="1.4791666666666667in"}

  Children      **[type_of_discontinuity](#element-test_lgbtfw_discontinuitytype_of_discontinuity)
                [size_of_discontinuity](#element-test_lgbtfw_discontinuitysize_of_discontinuity)
                [location_of_discontinuity](#element-test_lgbtfw_discontinuitylocation_of_discontinuity)**

  Source        AWS B4.0, section B1-9(5).

  Description   Description of discontinuity caused by longitudinal guided-bend test for fillet welds.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.26.1 element test_LGBTFW_discontinuity/**type_of_discontinuity**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image40.png){width="4.520833333333333in"
                height="1.4791666666666667in"}

  Type          p:string

  Description   Type of the failure.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.26.2 element test_LGBTFW_discontinuity/**size_of_discontinuity**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   \* Is this a quantitative measure or observation of relative
                size? Need units specified if it is a measurement.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.26.3 element test_LGBTFW_discontinuity**/location_of_discontinuity**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Location in relation to the weld.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.27 element test_machine_serial_number

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Serial number to identify the machine that produced the test
                results.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.28 element test_number_of_specimens

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:integer

  Source        AWS B4.0

  Description   The number of specimens of a single weld required for a test.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.29 element test_percent_elongation

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A1, 1.4

  Description   In a tension test, the ratio of the change in length to the
                initial length.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.30 element test_postweld_mechanical_treatment

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Description   Any physical working of the weld specimen before testing.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.31 element test_postweld_thermal_treatment

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A1-1.3

  Description   Times and temperatures of heat treatment after welding. It is
                possible this element should be further decomposed if it\'s
                information can be structured.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.32 element test_specimen_dimensions

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       ![](media/image41.png){width="3.8125in"
                height="1.4791666666666667in"}

  Children      **[units](#element-test_specimen_dimensionsunits)
                [thickness](#element-test_specimen_dimensionsthickness)
                [width](#element-test_specimen_dimensionswidth)**

  Source        AWS B4.0

  Description   Dimensions of the specimen before testing. \*For specific
                Types of tests only?
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.32.1 element test_specimen_dimensions/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Di    | ![](media/image41.png){width="3.8125in"                      |
| agram | height="1.4791666666666667in"}                               |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   millimeters                  |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   inches                       |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Choice of U.S. Customary or SI units.                        |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 3.32.2 element test_specimen_dimensions/**thickness**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Thickness of the specimen before testing.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.32.3 element test_specimen_dimensions/**width**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   Width of the specimen before testing.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.33 element test_specimen_location

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        AWS B4.0, section A1, 1.3, 1.4

  Description   Where in the weldment/joint/weld the specimen was cut.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.34 element test_specimen_orientation

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration                   longitudinal                 |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration                   transverse                   |
|       |   ----------------------------- ---------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | AWS B4.0M, p. 1                                              |
| ource |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | The relationship of the axis of the test specimen to the     |
| escri | axis of the weld.                                            |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

## 3.35 element test_technician_name

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:string

  Source        Taken from an example of an industry test report.

  Description   Name of the person that conducted a test.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

## 3.36 type test_temperature

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Diagram       

  Children      **[units](#element-test_temperatureunits)
                [temperature](#element-test_temperaturetemperature)**

  Source        AWS B4.0

  Description   Temperature of a specimen at the time of test.
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

### 3.36.1 element test_temperature/**units**

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type  | enumeration of p:string                                      |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| V     |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
| alues |   enumeration             degrees_celsius                    |
|       |                                                              |
|       |   enumeration             degrees_fahrenheit                 |
|       |   ----------------------- ---------------------------------  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| D     | Choice of SI or U.S. Customary units celsius or fahrenheit.  |
| escri |                                                              |
| ption |                                                              |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

### 3.36.2 element test_temperature/**temperature**

  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
  Type          p:decimal

  Description   
  ------------- --------------------------------------------------------------

# Acknowledgments

The technical information came primarily from American Welding Society
documents that were generated by hundreds of experts in diverse fields.
This document is an extension of two 1992 AWS documents, "A9.1" and
"A9.2" that were written by the AWS A9 committee then chaired by Jerry
E. Jones. Tom Siewert has for some time encouraged the pursuit of a
standard data specification for welding data. Tim Quinn had extensive
technical input to this document. Christopher Pepper helped edit the
document.

# Appendices

## Appendix 1 -- Items to Add in Next Edition of Data Dictionary

### Design

-   three dimensional geometric location of weld (including weld begin,
    end points, contour), weld length.

-   information to describe the required accuracy of cutting of base
    materials (e.g. cutting, flame cutting, laser cutting), and accuracy
    of edge preparation, e.g. whether machining is required, or if flame
    cutting is adequate.

-   tubular joints, e.g. Welding Handbook, Vol. 1, p. 174.

### Process

-   items needed to describe PQR or WPS ranges, minimum and maximum
    values, required processes (e.g. "preheat required"), prohibited
    status (e.g. "consumable inserts are not permitted", or optional
    conditions.

-   non-arc welding process details.

### Inspection

-   crack types from AWS 3.0 Figure 33, p. 83, and weld
    discontinuities - Figure 32. These would be used in a visual
    inspection report.

-   welding test positions from AWS 3.0 -- Figures 18 and 19.

-   non-destructive examination (NDE) parameters and results.

-   AWS D14.6, *Specification for Welding of Rotating Elements of
    Equipment,* is a rich source of welding terms and variables that
    should eventually be covered.

Note -- AWS D14.6

## Appendix 2 - Tasks for data modelers

This data dictionary is not sufficiently rich to specify a data base
design or a data format. Some of the tasks needed for detailed design
are listed below.

-   Strengthen relationships of data elements, i.e. grouping elements
    into reusable chunks and choosing exact encodings of data types and
    their values (e.g. values for enumerated data). This will be the job
    of data modelers. They will test the data model for completeness by
    using scenarios of data flow from industrial welding facilities.

-   Harmonize the AWS data model with any that may be developed in
    specific industries. The "CIMSteel Integration Standard", described
    at http://[www.cis2.org](http://www.cis2.org/), and
    http://www.coa.gatech.edu/\~aisc/ is an example.

-   Specify optional and required data that is dependent on other data
    -- e.g. if base metal is a tube, then "diameter" is required
    information. E.g. if the process is automatic GMAW, gas composition
    is required data and an electrode size is incorrect data. E.g. if
    "backing_used" is true, then there must be data in "backing_type" --
    if "backing_used" is false, there cannot be data in the
    "backing_type" field.

-   Allow users to deal easily and unambiguously with U.S. Customary
    and/or SI units, and also within each of these, a choice of multiple
    unit scales, e.g. for linear speed, inches/second or feet/minute.

-   Decide whether to specify enumerations or to allow free use of text
    fields. E.g. joint types could be a string field, or an single
    choice among enumerated values in the specification.

-   Specify data types to handle e.g. min/max values of variables in
    SWPSs and PQRs. Also specify actual ranges that are legal or allowed
    if appropriate.

-   Modularize definitions for maximum reuse in different report forms,
    and also to reduce the number of elements to aid understandability.
    E.g. many fields from WPSs are used in mechanical test results forms
    in reporting the processes and weld design that produced the weld.

-   Pick encoding options to allow extensibility of data, to allow for
    conditions not anticipated by the modelers, or to use data unique to
    a company or a proprietary process. However users are encouraged to
    fit their applications within the guidelines of the data models as
    much as possible, minimizing their use of "other" data types.

-   Fine tune definitions and rules for specific standard reports, e.g.
    mechanical testing results.

-   Eliminate duplicate items, in the interest of computational
    efficiency and understandability.

If an effort goes forward to develop formal data schema, the modelers
will cooperate with members of the various AWS committees that authored
standards documents to ensure correct interpretation of the data, use of
familiar terms, and design of comprehensive and unambiguous enumerations
where appropriate.

-   Add data elements that welding experts deem required, that are not
    specified in the AWS documents. E.g. some companies record the
    serial number of the testing machine used, and the name of the
    testing technician.

-   Pick default values from the enumerated choices (a very detailed
    decision).

## Appendix 3 -- The BIG PICTURE of welding data exchange

![](media/image42.wmf)

Modularization of welding specifications (instead of pursuing all these
areas in a single effort) will speed progress in each smaller area, and
allow experts to contribute their knowledge in narrower areas more
efficiently.

![](media/image43.wmf)

Many manufacturing industries share welding as a fabrication process.
The data dictionary helps define welding variables centrally so the
industries can "borrow" them, instead of each industry developing their
own definitions. The goal is to avoid development of different
"dialects" of data formats that the welding industry would have to
accommodate.

## Appendix 4 -- Terminology differences between ISO and AWS

1.  ISO does not use the word "flange" in describing joints. It uses
    "edges turned up".

2.  ISO does not describe "groove welds". It uses "butt weld" hyphenated
    with the name of the groove type.