BOREAS TE-05 Surface Meteorological and Radiation Data

Summary

The BOREAS group TE-05 collected measurements in the NSA and SSA on gas
exchange, gas composition and tree growth. Measurements of
meteorological data, including air and soil temperature, RH, and PPFD
were 30-minute intervals during the 1994 IFCs at various sites in the
BOREAS NSA and SSA. The data are provided in tabular ASCII files.

Table of Contents

\* 1 Data Set Overview

\* 2 Investigator(s)

\* 3 Theory of Measurements

\* 4 Equipment

\* 5 Data Acquisition Methods

\* 6 Observations

\* 7 Data Description

\* 8 Data Organization

\* 9 Data Manipulations

\* 10 Errors

\* 11 Notes

\* 12 Application of the Data Set

\* 13 Future Modifications and Plans

\* 14 Software

\* 15 Data Access

\* 16 Output Products and Availability

\* 17 References

\* 18 Glossary of Terms

\* 19 List of Acronyms

\* 20 Document Information

1\. Data Set Overview

1.1 Data Set Identification

BOREAS TE-05 Surface Meteorological and Radiation Data

1.2 Data Set Introduction

Basic meteorological data (air and soil temperature, relative humidity
(RH) and photosynthetic photo flux density (PPFD) data) were collected
at varying heights in the BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS)
Northern Study Area (NSA) and Southern Study Area (SSA) sites.

1.3 Objective/Purpose

The data were collected to provide basic meteorological information at
the sampling sites during times when Terrestrial Ecology (TE)-05 team
sampled canopy CO~2~ for carbon and oxygen isotope analysis.

1.4 Summary of Parameters

Date, Julian Day, Time Greenwich Mean Time ((GMT) h), Temp at RH sensor
(C), midcanopy RH%, 9-m PPFD micromoles m^-2^ s^-1^, 1-m PPFD, 9m Tair
(C), 1-m Tair (C), 10-cm Tsoil(C), and 20-cm Tsoil (C) collected at 30
min intervals.

1.5 Discussion

These measurements were made at both the NSA and SSA during each
Intensive Field Campaign (IFC) at the Old Jack Pine (OJP), Old Black
Spruce (OBS), T6R5S TE Upland Black Spruce (UBS), and Old Aspen (OA).

1.6 Related Data Sets

BOREAS TE-05 Diurnal CO~2~ Canopy Profile Data

BOREAS TE-05 Leaf Gas Exchange Data

BOREAS TE-05 Leaf Carbon Isotope Data

BOREAS TE-05 Tree Ring and Carbon Isotope Ratio Data

BOREAS TE-05 Air Stable Isotope

2\. Investigator(s)

2.1 Investigator(s) Name and Title

J. R. Ehleringer, University of Utah

Department of Biology

Salt Lake City, UT

Dr. Larry Flanagan

Department of Biological Sciences

University of Lethbridge

Lethbridge, Alberta

CANADA

2.2 Title of Investigation

Vegetation-Atmosphere CO~2~ and H~2~O Exchange Processes: Stable Isotope
Analyses

2.3 Contact Information

Contact 1

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

J. Renee Brooks

Dept. of Biology

University of South Florida

Tampa, FL

\(813\) 974-7352 (Office)

\(813\) 974-3250 (Dept.)

\(813\) 974-3263 (fax)

rjbrooks@chuma.cas.usf.edu

Contact 2

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

Dr. Larry Flanagan

Department of Biological Sciences

University of Lethbridge

Lethbridge, Alberta

CANADA

\(403\) 380-1858

\(403\) 329-2082 (fax)

larry.flanagan@uleth.ca

Contact 3

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

Shelaine Curd

Raytheon STX Corporation

NASA GSFC

Greenbelt, MD

\(301\) 286-2447

\(301\) 286-0239 (fax)

shelaine.curd@gsfc.nasa.gov

3\. Theory of Measurements

Surface meteorological and radiation data were taken in conjunction with
CO~2~ isotope data collections by TE-05.

4\. Equipment

4.1 Sensor/Instrument Description

RH: The Campbell Scientific, Inc. 207 Temperature and RH probe contains
a Phys-Chem Scientific, Inc., PCRC-11 RH sensor and a Fenwal Electronics
UUT51J1 thermistor. The combined RH sensor accuracy is typically better
than 5% over the 12-100% RH range.

PPFD: Hamamatsu GaAsP Photodiodes G1118 calibrated with a LICOR Quantum
sensor. Each sensor was mounted on a flat white platform and then
mounted to the Rohn mast and leveled with a bubble level.

Temperature: Copper constantan thermocouples.

A Campbell CR-21x datalogger was used to record the meteorological data.

4.1.1 Collection Environment

The data were collected under ambient conditions during the collection
period.

4.1.2 Source/Platform

Meteorological data were collected from a Rohn mast extending 9 m up
into the canopy.

4.1.3 Source/Platform Mission Objectives

The objective was to monitor basic meteorological data within the forest
canopy at the location where the TE-05 team collected CO~2~ for isotope
analysis.

4.1.4 Key Variables

Date, Julian Day, Time (GMT h), Temp at RH sensor (C), midcanopy RH%,
9-m PPFD micromoles m-2 s-1, 1-m PPFD, 9-m Tair (C), 1-m Tair (C), 10-cm
Tsoil(C), and 20-cm Tsoil (C) collected at 30-minute intervals.

4.1.5 Principles of Operation

All sensors were attached to a Campbell CR-21x datalogger and monitored
every 30 minutes.

4.1.6 Sensor/Instrument Measurement Geometry

None given.

4.1.7 Manufacturer of Sensor/Instrument

207 Temperature and RH probe

CR-21x datalogger

Campbell Scientific, Inc.

P.O. Box 551

Logan, UT 84321

\(801\) 753-2342

Hamamatsu GaAsP Photodiodes G1118

Hamamatsu Corporation

360 Foothill Road

P.O.Box 6910

Bridgewater, NJ 08807-0910

\(201\) 231-0960

Copper Constantan Thermocouples

Omega Engineering

P.O. Box 1

Broughton Astley Leicestershire

LE9 6XR, England

\(800\) 826-6342

4.2 Calibration

4.2.1 Specifications

None given.

4.2.1.1 Tolerance

The RH probe contains a Phys-Chem Scientific, Inc., PCRC-11 RH Sensor
and Fenwal Electronics UUT51J1 thermistor. The combined RH sensor
accuracy is typically better than 5% over the 12-100% RH range.

4.2.2 Frequency of Calibration

All instruments were calibrated and tested in the lab prior to the first
IFC.

4.2.3 Other Calibration Information

During each IFC, instruments were checked for placement and orientation
but were not recalibrated.

5\. Data Acquisition Methods

All sensors were attached to a Campbell CR-21x datalogger and monitored
every 30 minutes. Note that the 9-m Rohn mast was shorter than the
canopy at the SSA OJP, OA, and NSA OA sites.

6\. Observations

6.1 Data Notes

None given.

6.2 Field Notes

The RH sensor for NSA OA during IFC-3 was not operational.

7\. Data Description

7.1 Spatial Characteristics

7.1.1 Spatial Coverage

NSA OJP flux tower site: Lat/Long: 55.927 N, 98.62 W, Universal
Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 14, N:6, 197,997 E:523,501.

NSA OA canopy access tower site: auxiliary site number T2Q6A, BOREAS
Experiment Plan, Version 3, Lat/Long = 55.88N, 98.67 W

NSA UBS canopy access tower site: auxiliary site number T6R5S, BOREAS
Experiment Plan, Version 3, Lat/Long = 55.70N, 98.51W

SSA OJP: Lat/Long: 53.91N, 104.69W, UTM Zone 13, 53.91634 N, 104.69203 W

SSA OBS: Lat/Long: 53.98N, 105.12W, UTM Zone 13, 5982100.5 N, 492276.5 E

SSA OA: Lat/Long: 53.62N, 106.19W. UTM Zone 13, 5942899.9 N, 420790.5 E

7.1.2 Spatial Coverage Map

None given.

7.1.3 Spatial Resolution

These are point source measurements at the locations given.

7.1.4 Projection

None given.

7.1.5 Grid Description

None given.

7.2 Temporal Characteristics

7.2.1 Temporal Coverage

The data were collected from 25-MAY-94 to 08-SEP-94.

7.2.2 Temporal Coverage Map

IFC-1:

NSA OJP: 02-Jun-1994, 7.32 Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) through
03-Jun-1994, 16.32 (GMT)

NSA OA: 10-Jun-1994,16.15 (GMT) through 11-Jun-1994, 19.98 (GMT)

NSA UBS: 03-Jun-1994, 2.15 (GMT) through 4-Jun-1994, 2.15 (GMT)

SSA OA: 29-May-1994,1900 (GMT) through 30-May-1994, 2150 (GMT)

SSA OBS: 25-May-1994, 1.50 (GMT) through 27_May-1994, 20.00 (GMT)

SSA OJP: 25-May-1994, 2050 (GMT) through 27-May-1994, 2.00 (GMT)

IFC-2:

NSA OJP: 20-Jul-1994, 21.48 (GMT) through 24-Jul-1994, 22.32 (GMT)

NSA OA: 31-Jul-1994, 17.82 (GMT) through 05-Aug-1994, 20.98 (GMT)

NSA UBS: 25-Jul-1994, 20.15 (GMT) through 29-Jul-1994, 22.48 (GMT)

SSA OA: 25-Jul-1994, 1900 (GMT) through 27-JUL-1994, 17.50 (GMT)

SSA OBS: 20-Jul-1994 20.50 (GMT) through 22-Jul-1994, 15.50 (GMT)

SSA OJP: 22-Jul-1994, 2.50 (GMT) through 24-Jul-1994, 18.00 (GMT)

IFC-3:

NSA OJP: 30-Aug-1994, 18.65 (GMT) through 01-Sep-1994, 21.15 (GMT)

NSA OA: 05-Sep-1994, 19.32 (GMT) through 07-Sep-1994, 18.65 (GMT)

NSA UBS: 02-Sep-1994, 18.48 (GMT) through 04-Sep-1994, 16.15 (GMT)

SSA OA: 03-Aug-1994, 17.50 (GMT) through 05-Sep-1994, 18.00 (GMT)

SSA OBS: 31-Aug-1994, 18.50 (GMT) through 02-Aug-1994, 17.50 (GMT)

SSA OJP: 06-Aug-1994, 18.00 (GMT) through 08-Aug-1994, 18.50 (GMT)

7.2.3 Temporal Resolution

Meteorological measurements were made every 30 minutes.

7.3 Data Characteristics

Data characteristics are defined in the companion data definition file
(te5metd.def).

7.4 Sample Data Record

Sample data format shown in the companion data definition file
(te5metd.def).

8\. Data Organization

8.1 Data Granularity

All of the Surface Meteorological and Radiation Data are contained in
one dataset.

8.2 Data Format(s)

The data files contain numerical and character fields of varying length

separated by commas. The character fields are enclosed with a single

apostrophe marks. There are no spaces between the fields. Sample data
records are shown in the companion data definition files (te5metd.def).

9\. Data Manipulations

9.1 Formulae

None.

9.1.1 Derivation Techniques and Algorithms

None.

9.2 Data Processing Sequence

None given.

9.2.1 Processing Steps

None given.

9.2.2 Processing Changes

None given.

9.3 Calculations

None.

9.3.1 Special Corrections/Adjustments

millivolt signal from the photodiodes was converted into PPFD using the
following equation:

PPFD = -1.4 + 71.3 mv R2=0.999

This equation was derived from a comparison between a LICOR quantum
sensor and all the photodiodes used in the field. The same equation was
used for all photodiode sensors.

9.3.2 Calculated Variables

PPFD = -1.4 + 71.3 mv R2=0.999

9.4 Graphs and Plots

None given.

10\. Errors

10.1 Sources of Error

The Rohn masts that the light sensors were attached to were not
perfectly vertical, so 9-m PPFD sensors were not perfectly horizontal.

10.2 Quality Assessment

None given.

10.2.1 Data Validation by Source

None given.

10.2.2 Confidence Level/Accuracy Judgment

None given.

10.2.3 Measurement Error for Parameters

None given.

10.2.4 Additional Quality Assessments

None given.

10.2.5 Data Verification by Data Center

Data was examined for general consistency and clarity.

11\. Notes

11.1 Limitations of the Data

None given.

11.2 Known Problems with the Data

All known problems have been removed.

11.3 Usage Guidance

None given.

11.4 Other Relevant Information

None.

12\. Application of the Data Set

Meteorological and radiation comparison during IFCís particularly when
TE-5 sampled canopy CO2 for carbon and oxygen isotope analysis.

13\. Future Modifications and Plans

None given.

14\. Software

14.1 Software Description

None given.

14.2 Software Access

None given.

15\. Data Access

15.1 Contact Information

Ms. Beth Nelson

BOREAS Data Manager

NASA GSFC

Greenbelt, MD

\(301\) 286-4005

\(301\) 286-0239 (fax)

Elizabeth.Nelson@gsfc.nasa.gov

15.2 Data Center Identification

See Section 15.1.

15.3 Procedures for Obtaining Data

Users may place requests by telephone, electronic mail, or fax.

15.4 Data Center Status/Plans

These data are available from the Earth Observing System Data and
Information System (EOSDIS ORNL) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)
Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC). The BOREAS contact at ORNL is:

ORNL DAAC User Services

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

\(865\) 241-3952

ornldaac@ornl.gov

ornl@eos.nasa.gov

16\. Output Products and Availability

None given.

16.1 Tape Products

None.

16.2 Film Products

None.

16.3 Other Products

The data are available in tabular ASCII files.

17\. References

17.1 Platform/Sensor/Instrument/Data Processing Documentation

None given.

17.2 Journal Articles and Study Reports

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1994. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study:
Experiment Plan. Version 1994-3.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 94).

Sellers, P. and F. Hall. 1996. Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study:
Experiment Plan. Version 1996-2.0, NASA BOREAS Report (EXPLAN 96).

Sellers, P., and F. Hall. 1997. BOREAS Overview Paper. JGR Special
Issue.

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1996. Boreal
Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1994 Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC
94).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, and K.F. Huemmrich. 1997. Boreal
Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study: 1996 Operations. NASA BOREAS Report (OPS DOC
96).

Sellers, P., F. Hall, H. Margolis, B. Kelly, D. Baldocchi, G. den
Hartog, J. Cihlar, M.G. Ryan, B. Goodison, P. Crill, K.J. Ranson, D.
Lettenmaier, and D.E. Wickland. 1995. The boreal ecosystem-atmosphere
study (BOREAS): an overview and early results from the 1994 field year.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 76(9):1549-1577.

17.3 Archive/DBMS Usage Documentation

None.

18\. Glossary of Terms

None.

19\. List of Acronyms

ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange

BOREAS - BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study

BORIS - BOREAS Information System

DAAC - Distributed Active Archive Center

EOS - Earth Observing System

EOSDIS - EOS Data and Information System

GSFC - Goddard Space Flight Center

NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NSA - Northern Study Area

OA - Old Aspen

OBS - Old Black Spruce

OJP - Old Jack Pine

OJP - Old Jack Pine

ORNL - Oak Ridge National Laboratory

PANP - Prince Albert National Park

PPFD - Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density

RH - Relative Humidity

TE - Terrestrial Ecology

SSA - Southern Study Area

UBS - Upland Black Spruce

URL - Uniform Resource Locator

UTM - Universal Transverse Mercator

20\. Document Information

20.1 Document Revision Date

Written: 04-May-1995

Last Updated: 05-Jun-1998

20.2 Document Review Date(s)

BORIS Review: 27-Oct-1997

Science Review:

20.3 Document ID

20.4 Citation

Please contact investigators in Section 2.3.

20.5 Document Curator

20.6 Document URL

Keywords

Temperature

Humidity

Surface Meteorology