**An Ecological Perspective**

+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| **Concept**        | **Definition**         | **Theory**             |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| **Intra-personal   | Individual             | Stages of Change       |
| Factors**          | characteristics that   |                        |
|                    | influence behavior,    | Health Belief Model    |
|                    | such as knowledge,     |                        |
|                    | attitudes, beliefs,    |                        |
|                    | and personality traits |                        |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| **Interpersonal    | Interpersonal          | Social Learning Theory |
| Factors**          | processes, and primary |                        |
|                    | groups including       | Social Cognitive       |
|                    | family, friends,       | Theory                 |
|                    | peers, that provide    |                        |
|                    | social identity,       |                        |
|                    | support, and role      |                        |
|                    | definition             |                        |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| **Organizational   | Rules, regulations,    | Community Organization |
| Factors**          | policies, and informal |                        |
|                    | structures which may   | Organizational Change  |
|                    | constrain or promote   |                        |
|                    | recommended behaviors  | Diffusion of           |
|                    |                        | Innovation             |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| **Community        | Social networks and    | Community Organization |
| Factors**          | social norms, or       |                        |
|                    | standards, which exist | Organizational Change  |
|                    | as formal or informal  |                        |
|                    | among individuals,     | Diffusion of           |
|                    | groups and             | Innovation             |
|                    | organizations          |                        |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| **Public Policy**  | Local, state, federal  | Community Organization |
|                    | policies and laws that |                        |
|                    | regulate or support    | Organizational Change  |
|                    | healthy actions and    |                        |
|                    | practices for disease  | Diffusion of           |
|                    | prevention, early      | Innovation             |
|                    | detection, control and |                        |
|                    | management             |                        |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| ***Source: Glanz,  |                        |                        |
| K. and Rimer, B.   |                        |                        |
| K. (1997). Theory  |                        |                        |
| at a Glance, A     |                        |                        |
| Guide for Health   |                        |                        |
| Promotion          |                        |                        |
| Practice. U.S.     |                        |                        |
| Department of      |                        |                        |
| Health and Human   |                        |                        |
| Services, National |                        |                        |
| Institute of       |                        |                        |
| Health.***         |                        |                        |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
|                    |                        |                        |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| **Perspective      |                        |                        |
| Comparison**       |                        |                        |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| **Ecological**[^1] | **CSAP Domains**[^2]   | **Risk &               |
|                    |                        | Protective**[^3]       |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| Individual         | Individual             | Individual/Peer        |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| Interpersonal      | Family                 | Family                 |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
|                    | Peer                   |                        |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| Institutional      | School                 | School                 |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| Community          | Community/Society      | Community              |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| Public Policy      |                        |                        |
+--------------------+------------------------+------------------------+

**Internal Audit Expenses**

**Cambridge Prevention Coalition**

  ------------------------------ ------------- ------------- ------------- -------------
  **Expenses**                   **Year 1**    **Year 2**    **Year 3**    **Year 4**

  Coalition Director (1 FTE)     52,000        53,500        55,000        56,500

  Community Trainer (1 FTE)      48,000        49,500        51,000        52,500

  Communication Specialist (.5   16,000        17,000        18,000        19,000
  FTE)                                                                     

  GIS Specialist (.2 FTE)        5,000         5,000         1,000         1,000

  Grants Management (.2 FTE)     10,000        11,000        12,000        13,000

  **Total Personnel Costs**      **131,000**   **136,000**   **137,000**   **142,000**

                                                                           

                                                                           

  SSRE (Evaluator)               20,000        20,000        20,000        20,000

  Caspar Inc. (Youth Program     25,000        25,000        25,000        25,000
  Staff)                                                                   

  CauseMedia Advertising         15,000        10,000        10,000        10,000

  Youth Stipends                 1,200         1,200         1,400         1,400

  **Total Consulting Costs**     **61,200**    **56,200**    **56,400**    **56,400**

                                                                           

                                                                           

  Office Supplies                1,200         1,200         1,200         1,200

  Print Social Marketing Ads     500           2,000         4,000         6,000

  Brochures                      600           600           600           600

  Coalition Newsletter           500           500           550           550

  Food for Meetings              1,200         1,200         1,200         1,200

  Binders for Annual Drug Survey 1,200         1,200         1,300         1,300

  **Total Supplies**             **5,200**     **6,700**     **8,850**     **10,850**

                                                                           

                                                                           

  2 Staff to attend CSAP Meeting 1,500         1,500         1,600         1,700

  2 Staff to attend DPH State    800           800           900           900
  Conf.                                                                    

  Mileage                        250           250           250           300

  **Total Travel**               **2,550**     **2,550**     **2,750**     **2,900**

                                                                           

                                                                           

  Postage for Minutes            300           300           350           350

  Postage for Brochures          500           500           550           550

  **Total Postage**              **800**       **800**       **900**       **900**

                                                                           

                                                                           

  Laptop                         1,200         0             0             0

  Projector                      0             1,200         0             0

  **Total Equipment**            **1,200**     **1,200**     **0**         **0**

                                                                           

                                 **Year 1**    **Year 2**    **Year 3**    **Year 4**

  **Year Totals**                **201,950**   **203,450**   **205,900**   **213,050**
  ------------------------------ ------------- ------------- ------------- -------------

**Internal Audit Funding**

**Cambridge Prevention Coalition**

+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| **   | **Current Funding**    | **Year | **Year | **Year | **Year |
| Sust |                        | 1**    | 2**    | 3**    | 4**    |
| aini |                        |        |        |        |        |
| ng** |                        | **(2   | **(2   | **(2   | **(2   |
|      |                        | 005)** | 006)** | 007)** | 008)** |
| **   |                        |        |        |        |        |
| Stra |                        |        |        |        |        |
| tegi |                        |        |        |        |        |
| es** |                        |        |        |        |        |
|      |                        |        |        |        |        |
| (1   |                        |        |        |        |        |
| -10) |                        |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
|      | Drug Free Communities  | 1      | 1      | 1      | 0      |
|      | Grant                  | 00,000 | 00,000 | 00,000 |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
|      | Mass. Department of    | 1      | 1      | 1      | 1      |
|      | Public Health Grant    | 00,000 | 00,000 | 00,000 | 00,000 |
|      | (BSAS)                 |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
|      | Cambridge Liquor       | 0      | 5,000  | 5,000  | 5,000  |
|      | Advisory Board (CLAB)  |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| *    | Cambridge Health       | 5,000  | 5,000  | 10,000 | 15,000 |
| *8** | Alliance (Support      |        |        |        |        |
|      | Health Survey)         |        |        |        |        |
|      |                        |        |        |        |        |
|      | Develop New Fees       |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| *    | MIT Donation           | 7,500  | 7,500  | 12,000 | 12,000 |
| *8** |                        |        |        |        |        |
|      | (Support Fraternity    |        |        |        |        |
|      | Training)              |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| *    | City of Cambridge Line | 0      | 0      | 25,000 | 55,000 |
| *2** | Item                   |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| *    | Youth Development      | 0      | 0      | 20,000 | 30,000 |
| *6** | Funding (New Grant)    |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| **   | Fee Schedule for       | 0      | 0      | 6,000  | 6,000  |
| 10** | Server Training (12    |        |        |        |        |
|      | per year)              |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| **   | Manager Level Training | 0      | 0      | 2,000  | 4,000  |
| 10** | (Year1-4, Year 2-8)    |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| **   | Mandated Server        | 0      | 0      | 3,000  | 3,000  |
| 11** | Training for Liquor    |        |        |        |        |
|      | Licensees in Violation |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| *    | Utilize City Print     | 0      | 0      | 0      | 5,000  |
| *5** | Shop (Printing Costs   |        |        |        |        |
|      | Saved)                 |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| **P  |                        | **212  | **217  | **283  | **235  |
| roje |                        | ,500** | ,500** | ,000** | ,000** |
| cted |                        |        |        |        |        |
| To   |                        |        |        |        |        |
| tals |                        |        |        |        |        |
| (Fu  |                        |        |        |        |        |
| ndin |                        |        |        |        |        |
| g)** |                        |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| **P  |                        | **201  | **203  | **205  | **213  |
| roje |                        | ,950** | ,450** | ,900** | ,050** |
| cted |                        |        |        |        |        |
| Bud  |                        |        |        |        |        |
| gets |                        |        |        |        |        |
| (    |                        |        |        |        |        |
| 2005 |                        |        |        |        |        |
| -200 |                        |        |        |        |        |
| 8)** |                        |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| **P  |                        | **10   | **14   | **77   | **21   |
| roje |                        | ,550** | ,050** | ,100** | ,950** |
| cted |                        |        |        |        |        |
| Lag  |                        |        |        |        |        |
| A    |                        |        |        |        |        |
| ccou |                        |        |        |        |        |
| nt** |                        |        |        |        |        |
+------+------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+

1.  **Sustainability Committee**

2.  **A line Item in an existing budget / city /county**

3.  **Similar Mission Organizations**

4.  **Corporate Resources / Payroll Giving**

5.  **Contributions / In Kind support**

6.  **Fund Raising / Third Party Funding**

7.  **Public Funding / Donors**

8.  **Fee for Service / Dues**

9.  **Endowments / Membership Program**

10. **Developing / Marketing Products**

11. **Penalty Revenue For Prevention**

**Sustainability Strategy Action Steps**

**Cambridge Prevention Coalition**

+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
| * | **Goal**       | **Action Step**           | **R          | **  |
| * |                |                           | esponsible** | Dat |
| \ |                |                           |              | e** |
| # |                |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
| * | Form a Fiscal  | 1.  Invite Executive      | Chuck        | 1   |
| * | Sustainability |     Committee             |              | /06 |
| 1 | Committee      |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 2.  Meet with Grants      | Chuck,       | 1   |
|   |                |     Manager               | Rachel       | /06 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 3.  Schedule First        | Chuck        | 2   |
|   |                |     Meeting               |              | /06 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
| * | Cambridge      | 1.  Meet with City        | Chuck        | 1   |
| * | Health         |     Officials             |              | /06 |
| 8 | Alliance --    |                           |              |     |
| * | Health Survey  |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
|   | (Increase      |                           |              |     |
|   | Fees)          |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 2.  Propose new fees to   | Chuck        | 3   |
|   |                |     Health Survey         |              | /06 |
|   |                |     Committee             |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 3.  Implement New Fees    | Chuck        | 7   |
|   |                |                           |              | /07 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
| * | Convert MIT    | 1.  Meet with MIT         | Chuck, Frank | 6   |
| * | Donation to    |     Community Dev.        |              | /06 |
| 8 | Fee for        |                           |              |     |
| * | Services for   |                           |              |     |
| * | Fraternity     |                           |              |     |
|   | Training       |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 2.  Propose New Fee       | Chuck, Frank | 9   |
|   |                |     Schedule              |              | /06 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 3.  Implement New         | Chuck        | 9   |
|   |                |     Schedule              |              | /07 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 4.  Evaluate New Schedule | Chuck        | 9   |
|   |                |                           |              | /08 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
| * | Develop a City | 1.  Meet with P& D        | Chuck        | 6   |
| * | of Cambridge   |     Supervisor            |              | /06 |
| 2 | Line Item      |                           |              |     |
| * | (Salaries)     |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 2.  Propose Line Item to  | Chuck,       | 9   |
|   |                |     City                  | Stephanie    | /06 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 3.  Implement New Line    | Stephanie    | 7   |
|   |                |                           |              | /07 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
| * | Diversify      | 1.  Meet with Grants      | Chuck,       | 1   |
| * | Youth          |     Manager               | Rachel       | /06 |
| 6 | Development    |                           |              |     |
| * | Funding (New   |                           |              |     |
| * | Grant)         |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 2.  Set up Mtg. With      | Chuck,       | 2   |
|   |                |     Caspar                | Rachel,      | /06 |
|   |                |                           | Julie        |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 3.  Choose 2 new RFR's    | Rachel,      | 6   |
|   |                |                           | Julie        | /06 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 4.  New Funding in Place  | Rachel       | 7   |
|   |                |                           |              | /07 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
| * | Fee Schedule   | 1.  Meet / Liquor         | Frank        | 1   |
| * | for Server     |     Commission Chair      |              | /06 |
| 1 | Training       |                           |              |     |
| 0 |                |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 2.  Write the Fee Policy  | Frank,       | 3   |
|   |                |                           | Richard      | /06 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 3.  Implement Fees        | Richard,     | 7   |
|   |                |                           | Frank        | /07 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
| * | Develop        | 1.  Hire a Consultant /   | Chuck        | 1   |
| * | Manager Level  |     Writer                |              | /06 |
| 1 | Training for   |                           |              |     |
| 0 | Package Stores |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 2.  Propose a Draft to    | Frank        | 3   |
|   |                |     Liquor Commission     |              | /06 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 3.  Print Training Manual | Frank        | 6   |
|   |                |     and Booklets          |              | /06 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 4.  Pilot First Round of  | Frank,       | 8   |
|   |                |     Training              | Richard      | /06 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
| * | Mandated Fee   | 1.  Meet with Liquor      | Chuck, Frank | 3   |
| * | for Liquor     |     Commission Chair to   |              | /06 |
| 1 | Licensees in   |     Propose New Fees      |              |     |
| 1 | Violation      |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 2.  Write the Policy      | Richard      | 6   |
|   |                |                           |              | /06 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                | 3.  Implement New Fees    | Richard      | 6   |
|   |                |                           |              | /07 |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
|   |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+
| * | City Print     | 1.  Propose That The City | Chuck        | 6/0 |
| * | Shop           |     Offer In-Kind         |              |     |
| 5 |                |     Printing Services     |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
| * |                |                           |              |     |
+---+----------------+---------------------------+--------------+-----+

1.  **Sustainability Committee**

2.  **A line Item in an existing budget / city /county**

3.  **Similar Mission Organizations**

4.  **Corporate Resources / Payroll Giving**

5.  **Contributions / In Kind support**

6.  **Fund Raising / Third Party Funding**

7.  **Public Funding / Donors**

8.  **Fee for Service / Dues**

9.  **Endowments / Membership Program**

10. **Developing / Marketing Products**

11. **Penalty Revenue For Prevention**

***Action Plan***

**Directions:** This worksheet presents the four, major building blocks
of this training as categories for coalition improvement and
professional growth. You may choose to take two from one category and
one from another; or one from each of three categories. Working in
pairs, discuss with your partner at least **three, concrete steps** you
want to take to incorporate the ideas from this workshop onto your
professional life. For each step, ask your suggestions on resources that
can help (including barriers you may need to overcome). Identify
benchmarks that you will use to show that you are making progress and
specify what criteria you will use to show you have succeeded, and by
what date.

  ----------------------------------------- -----------------------------
  **Taking An Ecological Perspective**      

  **Step 1:**                               **Resources:**

                                            

                                            

  **Benchmarks:**                           **End Dates:**

                                            

                                            

  **Step 2::**                              **Resources:**

                                            

                                            

  **Benchmarks:**                           **End Dates:**

                                            

                                            

  **Trouble-Shooting Youth Coalition**      

  **Step 1:**                               

                                            

                                            

  **Benchmarks:**                           **End Dates:**

                                            

                                            

  **Step 2::**                              **Resources:**

                                            

                                            

  **Benchmarks:**                           **End Dates:**

                                            

                                            

  **Strengthening Your Role as Coalition    
  Leader**                                  

  **Step 1:**                               **Resources**

                                            

                                            

  **Benchmarks:**                           **End Dates:**

                                            
  ----------------------------------------- -----------------------------

[^1]: *Glanz, K. and Rimer, B. K. (1997). Theory at a Glance, A Guide
    for Health Promotion Practice. U.S. Department of Health and Human
    Services, National Institute of Health.*

[^2]: *Center for Substance Abuse Prevention. (2002). Science-Based
    Prevention Programs and Principles: Effective Substance Abuse and
    Mental Health Programs for Every Community.*

[^3]: *Communities that Care®, (2000). Prevention Strategies: A Research
    Guide to What Works, Developmental Research and Programs, Inc.*