# Barley Genetics Newsletter (2005) 35:103-143

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## REPORTS OF THE COORDINATORS

Overall coordinator's report

**Udda Lundqvist**

**SvalöfWeibull AB**

**SE-268 81 Svalöv, Sweden**

**e-mail:** <udda@ngb.se>

Since the latest overall coordinator's report in Barley Genetics
Newsletter Volume 34, not too many changes of the coordinators have been
reported. I do hope that most of you are willing to continue with this
work and provide us with new important information and literature search
in the future. In the meantime a replacement was found for Chromosome
3H, namely Luke Ramsey, Cell and Molecular Genetics Department, Scottish
Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, United Kingdom.
Please observe some address changes have taken place since the last
volume of BGN.

The report of the 'Barley Genetic Linkage Workshop' from the 9th
International Barley Genetics Symposium in Brno, Czech Republic, 2004,
is published in this volume. As it became decided that the current
system and trait coordination should continue but with a view towards
whole genome coordination, Bill Thomas and Dave Marshall from the
Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, UK, are
investigating the potential of modernizing the overall system and
integrating all types of current and historic data collections into a
single, combined database. More details about this subject are found in
the Workshop report in this volume.

Revised and new descriptions of barley genes will be published in this
current volume. Also revised lists of BGS descriptions by BGS numbers
(Table 2) and by locus symbols in alphabetic order (Table 3) will be
republished in this issue. Rules for Nomenclature and Gene Symbolization
in Barley with the changed and additional amendments will again be
published in this volume.

The AceDB database for 'Barley Genes and Barley Genetic Stocks' is
updated continouosly and some more images are added. Also the germplasm
part is under revision.

**List of Barley Coordinators**

**Chromoosome 1H (5):** Gunter Backes, Department of Agricultural
Sciences, The Royal Vetenary and Agricultural University,
Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Fredriksberg C, Denmark. e-mail:
\<guba[\@kvl.dk\>]{.underline}

**List of Barley Coordinators (continued)**

**Chromosome 2H (2):** Jerry. D. Franckowiak, Department of Plant
Sciences, North Dakota State University, P.O.Box 5051, Fargo, ND
58105-5051, USA. FAX: +1 701 231 8474; e-mail:
\<[j.franckowiak@ndsu.nodak.edu]{.underline}\>

**Chromosome 3H (3):** Luke Ramsey, Cell and Molecular Genetics
Department, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2
5DA, United Kingdom. FAX: +44 1382 562426. e-mail:
\<Luke.Ramsey@scri.sari.ac.uk\>

**Chromosome 4H (4):** Brian P. Forster, Cell and Molecular Genetics
Department, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2
5DA, United Kingdom. FAX: +44 1382 562426. e-mail:
\<[bforst@scri.sari.ac.uk]{.underline}\>

**Chromosome 5H (7):** George Fedak, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research
Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, ECORC, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A
0C6, FAX: +1 613 759 6559; e-mail: \<[fedakga@agr.gc.ca]{.underline}\>

**Chromosome 6H (6):** Duane Falk, Department of Crop Science,
University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1. FAX: +1 519 763 8933;
e-mail: \<[dfalk@uoguelph.ca]{.underline}\>

**Chromosome 7H (1):** Lynn Dahleen, USDA-ARS, State University Station,
P.O. Box 5677, Fargo, ND 58105, USA. FAX: + 1 701 239 1369; e-mail:
\<[DAHLEENL@fargo.ars.usda.gov]{.underline}\>

**Integration of molecular and morphological marker maps:** Andy
Kleinhofs, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State
University, Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA. FAX: +1 509 335 8674; e-mail:
\<[andyk@wsu.edu]{.underline}\>

**Barley Genetics Stock Center:** An Hang, USDA-ARS, National Small
Grains Germplasm Research Facility, 1691 S. 2700 W., Aberdeen, ID 83210,
USA. FAX: +1 208 397 4165; e-mail: \<[anhang@uidaho.edu]{.underline}\>

**Trisomic and aneuploid stocks:** An Hang, USDA-ARS, National Small
Grains Germplasm Research Facility, 1691 S. 2700 W., Aberdeen, ID 83210,
USA. FAX: +1 208 397 4165; e-mail: \<[anhang@uidaho.edu]{.underline}\>

**Translocations and balanced tertiary trisomics:** Andreas Houben,
Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3,
DE-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. FAX: +49 39482 5137; e-mail:
\<houben@ipk-gatersleben.de\>

**Desynaptic genes:** Andreas Houben, Institute of Plant Genetics and
Crop Plant Research, Corrensstrasse 3, DE-06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
FAX: +49 39482 5137; e-mail: \<houben@ipk-gatersleben.de\>

**List of Barley Coordinators (continued)**

**Autotetraploids:** Wolfgang Friedt, Institute of Crop Science and
Plant Breeding, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32,
DE-35392 Giessen, Germany. FAX: +49 641 9937429; e-mail:
\<[wolfgang.friedt@agrar.uni-giessen.de]{.underline}\>

**Disease and pest resistance genes:** Brian Steffenson, Department of
Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, 495 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper
Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108-6030, USA. FAX: +1 612 625 9728;
e-mail: \<[bsteffen@umn.edu]{.underline}\>

**Eceriferum genes:** Udda Lundqvist, Svalöf Weibull AB, SE-268 81
Svalöv, Sweden. FAX:.+46 418 667109; e-mail:
\<[udda@ngb.se]{.underline}\>

**Chloroplast genes:** Mats Hansson, Department of Biochemistry, Lund
University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden. FAX: +46 46 222 4534
e-mail: \<mats.hansson@biokem.lu.se\>

**Genetic male sterile genes:** Mario C. Therrien, Agriculture and
Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 1000A, R.R. #3, Brandon, MB, Canada R7A 5Y3,
FAX: +1 204 728 3858; e-mail: \<MT[herrien@agr.gc.ca]{.underline}\>

**Ear morphology genes:** Udda Lundqvist, Svalöf Weibull AB, SE-268 81
Svalöv, Sweden. FAX: +46 418 667109; e-mail: \<<udda@ngb.se> \> and

**Antonio Michele Stanca:** Istituto Sperimentale per la Cerealicoltura,
Sezione di Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Via Protaso 302, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC),
IT-29017, Italy. FAX: +39 0523 983750, e-mail:
\<[michele@stanca.it]{.underline}\>

**Semi-dwarf genes:** Jerry D. Franckowiak, Department of Plant
Sciences, North Dakota State University, P.O. Box 5051, Fargo, ND
58105-5051, USA. FAX: +1 702 231 8474; e-mail:
\<[j.franckowiak@ndsu.nodak.edu]{.underline}\>

**Early maturity genes:** Udda Lundqvist, Svalöf Weibull AB, SE-268 81
Svalöv, Sweden. FAX: +46 418 667109; e-mail:
\<[udda@ngb.se]{.underline}\>

**Biochemical mutants - Including lysine, hordein and nitrate
reductase:** Andy Kleinhofs, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,
Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA. FAX: +1 509
335 8674; e-mail: \<[andyk@wsu.edu]{.underline}\>

**Barley-wheat genetic stocks:** A.K.M.R. Islam, Department of Plant
Science, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, The University of
Adelaide, Glen Osmond, S.A. 5064, Australia. FAX: +61 8 8303 7109;
e-mail: \<[rislam@waite.adelaide.edu.au]{.underline}\>

**Coordinator's Report: Barley Chromosome 1H (5)**

**Gunter Backes**

**The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University**

**Department of Agricultural Sciences**

**Thorvaldsensvej 40\
DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark**

**e-mail: guba@kvl.dk**

Grewal *et al.,* (2005) localised a locus for resistance against covered
smut caused by *Ustilago hordei* indirectly to the chromosome arm 1HS.
Earlier (Ardiel *et al*., 2002), this locus was found to be linked with
the RAPD-marker OPJ10~450~ that was converted into a SCAR marker (UhR
450). This SCAR marker was then localized on chromosome 1HS.

Rajasekaran *et al.*, (2004) localised QTLs in a 184 RI line population
of a cross between the spring barley varieties 'Tankard' and 'Livet'.
They detected one QTL for 'kernel splitting', 'milling energy', 'sieve
fraction \> 2.5 mm', grain shape, 'gape between lemma and palea' and
kernel weight between the loci Bmag504 and HvBDG. This QTL had the
highest LOD score within the detected QTLs in for kernel splitting and
milling energy.

In a DH population (136 lines) from cross between a winter barley
('Nure') and spring barley variety ('Tremois') winter hardiness and
heading date with and without vernalization were determined (Francia *et
al.*, 2004). One QTL for heading date with vernalization was found on
chromosome 1H nearby the microsatellite marker Bmac0032.

One QTL for kernel weight on the long arm of chromosome 1H and one for
kernel number per area on the short arm of chromosome 1H were detected
by Verhoeven *et al.*, (2004) in 140 F~2:3~-families from the cross of
two *H. vulgare* ssp. *spontaeum* accessions from contrasting habitats.
The aim of the study was to determine QTLs for fitness traits leading to
adaptation and population differentiation. The linkage map was purely
based on AFLP markers. Based on the same population, Elberse *et al.*,
(2004) published a further analysis with growth chamber experiments
under high and low nutrient level. On chromosome 1H they detected one
QTL for leaf length under high nutrient conditions and a large
overlapping area with QTLs for seed mass, leaf length under low nutrient
conditions and 'leaf mass fraction' and 'leaf mass area' both under high
and low nutrient conditions.

Chen *et al.*, (2004) determined the association between SSR marker and
kernel weight and kernel colour in wild barley (*H. vulgare* ssp.
*spontaneum*) populations in Israel. They found associations between the
marker loci BMS90 and HVM43.

Edney and Mather (2004) detected two minor QTL for malt friability on
chromosome 1H. One was close to the marker locus ABG452, the other one
near the marker locus cMWG706A. They carried out the QTL analysis in the
'Harrington' x 'Morex' population (140 doubled haploid lines).

In order to reveal the relation between grain protein content and
malting quality, Emebiri *et al.*, (2004) investigated QTLs for
different malting related traits in a double haploid population (180
lines) from a cross between a line with extremely low kernel protein
content (VB9524) and a line with poor α-amylase activity (NB11231\*1).
On chromosome 1H, nearby the marker locus XMXwg912, they detected a QTL
for β-glucanase activity.

A QTL for non-parasitic leaf spots was detected on chromosome 1H
together with a QTL for heading date by Behn *et al.*, (2004). They
performed the analysis in a population of 86 doubled haploid lines from
a cross between the spring barley line IPZ24727 and the spring barley
variety 'Barke'. IPZ24727 derives from an Israeli wild barley line and
possesses good resistance against non-parasitic leaf spots.

Pillen *et al.*, (2004) used the advanced backcross-strategy to localize
QTLs for several agronomic traits in a BC~2~F~2~-population of 164
plants. The wild parent was the *H. vulgare* ssp. *spontaneum*-line
ISR101-23. The recurrent parent was the spring barley variety 'Harry'.
BC~2~F~2:5~-families were used for the phenotyping. The 'Steptoe' ×
'Morex' linkage map was used for the marker localization. On chromo­some
1H, they detected one QTL for number of spikes per area, heading date,
lodging at flowering and grain weight linked to the marker locus HVM20
and one for lodging at flowering and grain weight linked to the marker
locus HVM36.

Another advanced backcross-experiment including *H. vulgare* ssp.
*spontaneum* was carried out by Talemè *et al.*, (2004). They analysed
the QTLs in a DH population from a BC1F2. The wild barley parent was the
line HOR11508, the recurrent parent was the variety 'Barke'. They
describe two putative QTLs on chromosome 1H: one for heading date, plant
height, ear extrusion and grain yield linked to the marker locus Bmac154
and one for growth habit and heading date linked to the marker locus
WMCIE8.

By hybridizing DNA probes with DNA from wheat-barley addition lines,
Spielmeyer *et al.*, (2004) localized a 2-oxidase (*Hv3ox2*) from the
gibberellin metabolic pathway to the long arm of chromosome 1H. In
wheat, the probe hybridised with the chromosomes 1A, 1B and 1D. The
orthologous rice gene (*Os3ox2*) is located on chromosome 1S of rice.

**References**

**Ardiel, G. S., T. Grewal, P. Deberdt, B. G. Rossnagel, and G. J.
Scoles. 2002.** Inheritance of resistance to covered smut in barley and
development of a tightly linked SCAR marker. Theor. Appl. Genet.
104(2-3):457-464.

**Behn, A., L. Hartl, G. Schweizer, and G. Wenzel. 2004.** QTL mapping
for resistance against non-parasitic leaf spots in a spring barley
doubled haploid population. Theor. Appl. Genet*.* 108(7):1229-1235.

**Chen, G. X., T. Suprunova, T. Krugman, T. Fahima, and E. Nevo. 2004.**
Ecogeographic and genetic determinants of kernel weight and colour of
wild barley (*Hordeum spontaneum*) populations in Israel. Seed Sci. Res.
14(2):137-146.

**Edney, M. J., and D. E. Mather. 2004.** Quantitative trait loci
affecting germination traits and malt friability in a two-rowed by six
rowed barley cross. J. Cereal Sci. 39(2):283-290.

**Elberse, I. A. M., T. K. Vanhala, J. H. B. Turin, P. Stam, J. M. M.
van Damme, and P. H. van Tienderen. 2004.** Quantitative trait loci
affecting growth-related traits in wild barley (*Hordeum spontaneum*)
grown under different levels of nutrient supply. Heredity 93(1):22-33.

**Emebiri, L. C., D. B. Moody, J. F. Panozzo, and B. J. Read. 2004.**
Mapping of QTL for malting quality attributes in barley based on a cross
of parents with low grain protein concentration. Field Crops Res.
87(2-3):195-205.

**Francia, E., F. Rizza, L. Cattivelli, A. M. Stanca, G. Galiba, B.
Tóth, P. M. Hayes, J. S. Skinner, and N. Pecchioni. 2004.** Two loci on
chromosome 5H determine low-temperature tolerance in a \'Nure\' (winter)
x \'Tremois\' (spring) barley map. Theor. Appl. Genet. 108(4):670-680.

**Grewal, T., B. G. Rossnagel, and G. J. Scoles. 2005.** Mapping of a
covered smut resistance gene in barley (*Hordeum vulgare*). Can. J.
Plant Pathol. 26(2):156-166.

**Pillen, K., A. Zacharias, and J. Léon. 2004.** Comparative AB-QTL
analysis in barley using a single exotic donor of *Hordeum vulgare* ssp
*spontaneum*. Theor. Appl. Genet. 18(8):1591-1601.

**Rajasekaran, P., W. T. B. Thomas, A. Wilson, P. Lawrence, G. Young,
and R. P. Ellis. 2004.** Genetic control over grain damage in a spring
barley mapping population. Plant Breed. 123(1):17-23.

**Spielmeyer, W., M. Ellis, M. Robertson, S. Ali, J. R. Lenton, and P.
M. Chandler. 2004.** Isolation of gibberellin and metabolic pathway
genes from barley and comparative mapping in barley, wheat and rice.
Theor. Appl. Genet. 109(4):847-855.

**Talamè, V., M. C. Sanguineti, E. Chiapparino, H. Bahri, M. Ben Salem,
B. P. Forster, R. P. Ellis, S. Rhouma, W. Zoumarou, R. Waugh, and R.
Tuberosa. 2004.** Identification of *Hordeum spontaneum* QTL alleles
improving field performance of barley grown under rainfed conditions.
Ann. Appl. Biol. 144(3):309-319.

**Verhoeven, K. J. F., T. K. Vanhala, A. Biere, E. Nevo, and J. M. M.
van Damme. 2004.** The genetic basis of adaptive population
differentiation: A quantitative trait locus analysis of fitness traits
in two wild barley populations from contrasting habitats. Evolution
58(2):270-283.

**Coordinator's report: Chromosome 2H (2)**

**J.D. Franckowiak**

**Department of Plant Sciences**

**North Dakota State University**

**Fargo, ND 58105, USA.**

**e-mail: j.franckowiak@ndsu.nodak.edu**

Turuspekov *et al*., (2004) described and mapped to genes associated
with closed flowering in barley. The cleistogamy 1 (*cly1*) and
cleistogamy 2 (*Cly2*) genes were mapped to loci in the same region of
chromosome 2HL near molecular marker MSU21. Plants classified as closed
flowering or cleistogamy did not extrude anthers during or after
anthesis.

Reinheimer *et al*., (2004) identified QTL for resistance to frost
induced floret sterility in chromosomes 2HL and 5HL. The 2HL QTL maps in
the same region as the *cly1* gene (Turuspekov *et al*., 2004). The 5HL
QTL is near the *Vrn-H1* or *Srh2* (spring growth habit 2) locus. A
second QTL in 2H, probably the *Ppd-H1* or *Eam1* gene, was associated
with early heading date and escape from frost damage.

Korff *et al*., (2004) reported that introgression of the *Ppd-H1* or
*Eam1* segment of chromosome 2HS from *H. vulgare* ssp. *spontaneum*
into European barley cultivars had more effect on heading date and other
agronomic traits than other introgressed segments. Daib *et al*., (2004)
reported then this same region of chromosome 2H was associated with QTL
for several physiological measurements of drought stress tolerance. Li
*et al*., (2005) reported similar results using backcross-derived lines.
Chromosome 2HS was associated with heading date, plant height, yield,
lodging, ear length, grain per spike, 1000-kernel weight, and grain
protein.

Karsai *et al*., (2004) reported on heading date variations of *Hordeum
vulgare* ssp. *spontaneum* accessions caused by photoperiod differences.
Vernalized and non-vernalized plants were grown in grown chambers and
exposed to various constant day lengths under a constant temperature
condition. Early heading under long photoperiods was attributed
primarily to the effects of a factor on chromosome 2H, presumably the
*PpdH1* or *Eam1* locus. However, a large number of other genetic
factors contributed to the range of responses observed.

Spielmeyer *et al*., (2004) reported on the barley genes in the
metabolic pathway for gibberellic acid (GA) in barley. Characterization
of genes involved in GA biosynthesis and its stimulation of cell
elongation in barley, wheat and rice is considered the first in
determining whether dwarfing genes in barley involve defective GA
metabolism. Eleven genes potentially account for the six enzymes in the
core GA biosynthetic pathway. Three (*HvKSL1*, *HvKSL2*, and *Hv3ox1*)
of those loci were mapped in chromosome 2H.

He *et al*., (2004) examined molecular markers closely linked to the
*vrs1* (six-rowed spike 1) locus in chromosome 2HL and reported on
progress in positional cloning of alleles at the *vrs1* locus using
amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers and their
converted sequence tagged sites (STSs) to screen a bacterial artificial
chromosome (BAC library.

Tanno and Takeda, 2004 and Casas *et al*., (2005) studied the evolution
of barley using markers near the *vrs1* locus. Tanno and Takeda, 2004,
analyzed genetic diversity at the MWG699 marker locus in 10 *H. vulgare*
ssp. *spontaneum* accessions, 42 six-rowed brittle barley accessions,
and 14 six-rowed cultivars. Nine sequence types were found among the *H.
vulgare* ssp. *spontaneum* accessions, three in brittle barleys, and
three in the cultivars. Since the same three sequences were found in the
brittle and cultivated barleys, Tanno and Takeda, 2004 concluded that
*H. vulgare* ssp. *vulgare* f. *agriocrithon* from the Central Asia is
not wild barley, but a weedy outcross from cultivated six-rowed barley.
Casas *et al*., 2005 studied 257 cultivated barleys from the western
Mediterranean region using the STS marker MWG699/*Taq*1. Most two-rowed
cultivars had the type K allele. The type D allele was wide spread among
winter six-rowed landraces from Spain and cultivars from central Europe.
The type A allele was found in both spring and winter six-rowed
cultivars. These conclusions agree with information reported by Tanno
and Takeda, 2005.

**References:**

**Casas, A.M., S. Yahiaoui, F. Ciudad, and E. Igartua. 2005.**
Distribution of MWG699 polymorphism in Spanish European barleys. Genome
48:41-45.

**Diad, A.A., B. Teulat-Merah, D. This, N.Z. Ozturk, D. Benscher, and
M.E. Sorrels. 2004.** Identification of drought-induced genes and
differentially expressed sequence tags in barley. Theor. Appl. Genet.
109:1417-1425.

**He, C., B.E. Sayed-Tabatabael, and T. Komatsuda. 2004.** AFLP targing
of the 1-cM region conferring the vrs1 gene for six-rowed spike in
barley, *Hordeum vulgare* L. Genome 47:1122-1129.

**Karsai, I., P.M. Hayes. J. Kling, I.A. Matus, K. Mészáros, L. Láng, Z.
Bedőand K. Sato. 2004.** Genetic variation in component traits of
heading date in *Hordeum vulgare* subsp. *spontaneum* accessions
characterized in controlled environments. Crop Sci. 44:1622-1632.

**Korff, M. von, H. Wang, J. Léon, and K. Pillen. 2004.** Development of
candidate introgression lines using an exotic barley accession (*Hordeum
vulgare* spp. *spontaneum*) as donor. Theor. Appl. Genet. 109:1736-1745.

**Li, J.Z., X.Q. Huang, F. Heinrichs, M.W. Ganal, and M.S. Röder.
2005.** Analysis of QTLs for yield, yield components, and malting
quality in a BC~3~-DH population of spring barley. Theor. Appl. Genet.
110:356-363.

**Reinheimer, J.L., A.R. Barr, and J.K. Eglinton. 2004.** QTL mapping of
chromosomal regions conferring reproductive frost tolerance in barley
(*Hordeum vulgare* L.) Theor. Appl. Genet. 109:1267-1274.

**Spielmeyer, W., M. Ellis, M. Robertson, S. Ali, J.R. Lenton, and P.M.
Chandler. 2004.** Isolation of gibberellin metabolic pathway genes from
barley and comparative mapping in barley, wheat and rice. Theor. Appl.
Genet. 109:847-855.

**Tanno, K., and K. Takeda. 2004.** On the origin of six-rowed barley
with brittle rachis, agriocrithon \[*Hordeum vulgare* ssp. *vulgare* f.
*agriocrithon* (Åberg) Bowd.\], based on a DNA marker closely linked to
the vrs1 (six-row gene) locus. Theor. Appl. Genet. 110:145-150.

**Turuspekov, Y., Y. Mano, I. Honda, N. Kawada, Y. Watanabe, and T.
Komatsuda. 2004.** Identification and mapping of cleistogamy genes in
barley. Theor. Appl. Genet. 109:48-487.

**Coordinator's Report: Barley Chromosome 3H**.

**L. Ramsay**

**Cell and Molecular Genetics Department**

**Scottish Crop Research Institute**

**Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK.**

**e-mail: Luke.Ramsey@scri.sari.ac.uk**

Since the last co-ordinator's report in BGN 33 there have been a number
of publications reporting the mapping of genes and in particular QTL on
barley chromosome 3H. Of particular note is the reporting by Chono *et
al*., (2003) of the cloning and functional characterisation of the
semi-dwarfing gene *uzu* on 3HL in Bin6. The authors report that the
semi-dwarf phenotype arises from a mutation in a gene encoding a
putative brassinosteroid receptor that is possibly homologous to a known
rice mutant *d61* (Chono *et al*., 2003).

In contrast synteny with rice did not prove so informative for the
detailed molecular mapping of leaf rust resistance gene *Rph7* on the
distal end of 3HS close to the RFLP marker MWG848 in Bin1 (Brunner *et
al.*, 2003). The region genetically delineated as containing the *Rph7*
locus contained six genes in barley in the cultivar Morex that were not
present on the homologous region on rice chromosome 1. Interestingly the
characterisation of the same region in the resistance variety Cepada
Capa indicated that the colinearity between the barley varieties was
restricted to only five genic and two intergenic regions representing
less than 35% of the two sequences. The differences were mainly due to
the presence of different transposable elements in the intergenic
regions but also included the loss of a gene in Cepada Capa (Scherrer
*et al*., 2005).

Two other leaf rust resistance genes *Rph5* and *Rph6* were also mapped
to the distal end of 3HS (Mammadov *et al*., 2003, Zhong *et al.*,
2003). Detailed mapping work indicated that *Rph5* was positioned in the
extreme telomeric region of 3HS distal to *Rph7* (Mammadov *et al*.,
2003) and that *Rph6*, maps to a similar location. Indeed segregation
analyses indicated that *Rph6* is allelic to *Rph5* (Zhong *et al.*,
2003). Pellio *et al.* (2005) report the high-resolution mapping of the
*Rym4/Rym5* locus conferring resistance to the barley yellow mosaic
virus complex (BaMMV, BaYMV, BaYMV-2) on the distal end of the long arm
of 3H that has allowed the identification of a candidate gene that has
since been confirmed to be involved in the bymovirus resistance (Stein
*et al.*, 2005).

Several studies reported QTL for disease resistances on 3H including to
scald (Patil *et al*., 2002, Genger *et al*., 2003a, 2003b, Bjørnstad
*et al.*, 2004, Sayed *et al.*, 2004), net blotch (Cakir *et al.*,
2003a, Raman *et al*., 2003), leaf stripe (Arru *et al*., 2003) and
powdery mildew (Backes *et al*., 2003). A new scald resistance gene
*Rrs4*~CI11549~ was mapped on 3H located 22cM distally on the long arm
corresponding to the region Bin 8-9 (Patil *et al*., 2003) and the crown
rust resistance gene *Rpc1* was mapped 6cM distal to the SSR marker
Bmag0006 to the long arm of 3H in the Bin 6 region (Agrama *et al*.,
2004).

Quantitative Trait Loci that mapped to chromosome 3H were also reported
for hull cracked grain (Kai *et al.,* 2003), kernel discolouration (Li
*et al*., 2003), malt friability (Edney and Mather, 2004) grain shape
and damage (Rajasekaran, 2004) as well a range of other agronomic and
quality traits (Baum *et al*., 2003, Cakir *et al*., 2003b, Collins *et
al*., 2003, Read *et al*., 2003, Talame *et al*., 2004). Komatsuda *et*
*al*., (2004) reported high density mapping of the non-brittle rachis 1
(*btr1*) and 2 (*btr2*) genes on 3HS in Bin5. The report confirms the
tight linkage of the two loci and a phylogenetic tree based on AFLP
markers linked to the genes showed clear separation of occidental and
oriental barley lines.

The publications referred to above are in no way an exhaustive list of
recently mapped 3H loci which is a reflection of the breadth and
vitality of the barley genetics community. Two presentations at the IX.
International Barley Genetics Symposium on large scale mapping of barley
ESTs highlight the difficulty now in reviewing the mapping of barley
genes. Sato *et* *al*., (2004) presented results of their EST mapping
work that included the novel mapping of 163 genes to 3H and Graner *et
al*., (2004) presented the relationship they had found between high
density gene maps of barley 3H and rice chromosome 1 extending the work
of Smilde *et al.,* (2001). However neither sets of genetic maps are as
yet in the public domain unfortunately but the reports are indicative of
the scale of mapping now possible and the increasing importance of
barley's syntenic relationship with the sequenced genome of rice.

**References:**

**Agrama, H.A., L. Dahleen, M. Wentz, Y. Jin, and B. Steffenson. 2004.**
Molecular mapping of the crown rust resistance gene *Rpc1* in barley.
Phytopathology 94 (8):858-861.

**Arru, L., E. Francia, and N. Pecchioni. 2003.** Isolate-specific QTLs
of resistance to leaf stripe (*Pyrenophora graminea*) in the \'Steptoe\'
x \'Morex\' spring barley cross. Theor. Appl. Genet. 106 (4):668-675.

**Backes, G., L. H. Madsen, H. Jaiser, J. Stougaard, M. Herz, V. Mohler,
and A. Jahoor. 2003.** Localisation of genes for resistance against
*Blumeria graminis* f.sp *hordei* and *Puccinia graminis* in a cross
between a barley cultivar and a wild barley (*Hordeum vulgare* ssp
*spontaneum*) line. Theor. Appl. Genet. 106 (2):353-362.

**Baum, M., S. Grando, G. Backes, A. Jahoor, A. Sabbagh, and S.
Ceccarelli. 2003.** QTLs for agronomic traits in the Mediterranean
environment identified in recombinant inbred lines of the cross 'Arta' x
*H-spontaneum* 41-1.Theor. Appl. Genet. 107 (7):1215-1225.

**Bjørnstad, A., S. Grønnerød, J. MacKey, A. Tekauz, J. Crossa, and H.
Martens. 2004.** Resistance to barley scald (*Rhynchosporium secalis*)
in the Ethiopian donor lines \'Steudelli\' and \'Jet\', analyzed by
partial least squares regression and interval mapping. Hereditas 141
(2):166-179.

**Brunner, S., B. Keller, and C. Feuillet. 2003.** A large rearrangement
involving genes and low copy DNA interrupts the microcolinearity between
rice and barley at the *Rph7* locus. Genetics 164:673-683.

**Cakir, M., D. Poulsen, N.W. Galwey, G.A. Ablett, K.J. Chalmers, G.J.
Platz, R.F. Park, R.C.M. Lance, J.F. Panozzo, B.J. Read, D.B. Moody,
A.R. Barr, P. Johnston, C.D. Li, W.J.R. Boyd, C.R. Grime, R. Appels,
M.G.K. Jones, and P. Langridge. 2003a.** Mapping and validation of the
genes for resistance to *Pyrenophora teres* f. *teres* in barley
(*Hordeum vulgare* L.) Austr. J. Agr. Res. 54 (11-12):1369-1377.

**Cakir, M., S. Gupta, G.J. Platz, G.A- Ablett, R. Loughman, L.C.
Emebiri, D. Poulsen, C.D. Li, R.C.M. Lance, N.W. Galwey, M.G.K. Jones,
and R. Appels. 2003b.** Mapping and QTL analysis of the barley
population Tallon x Kaputar. Austr. J. Agr. Res. 54 (11-12):1155-1162.

**Chono, M., L. Honda, H. Zeniya, K. Yoneyama, D. Saisho, K. Takeda, S.
Takatsuto, T. Hoshino, and Y. Watanabe. 2003.** A semidwarf phenotype of
barley uzu results from a nucleotide substitution in the gene encoding a
putative brassinosteroid receptor. Plant Physiology 133:1209-1219.

**Collins, H.M., J.F. Panozzo, S.J. Logue, S.P. Jefferies, and A.R.
Barr. 2003.** Mapping and validation of chromosome regions associated
with high malt extract in barley (*Hordeum vulgare* L.). Austr. J. Agr.
Res. 54 (11-12):1223-1240.

**Edney, M.J., and D.E. Mather. 2004.** Quantitative trait loci
affecting germination traits and malt friability in a two-rowed by six
rowed barley cross. J. Cereal Sci. 39 (2):283-290.

**Genger, R.K., A.H.D. Brown, W. Knogge, K. Nesbitt, and J.J. Burdon.
2003a.** Development of SCAR markers linked to a scald resistance gene
derived from wild barley. Euphytica 134 (2):149-159.

**Genger, R.K., K.J. Williams, H. Raman, B.J. Read, H. Wallwork, J.J.
Burdon, and A.H.D. Brown. 2003b.** Leaf scald resistance genes in
*Hordeum vulgare* and *Hordeum vulgare ssp spontaneum*: parallels
between cultivated and wild barley. Austr. J. Agr. Res. 54
(11-12):1335-1342.

**Graner, A., R. Kota, D. Perovic, E. Potokina, M. Prasad, U. Scholz, N.
Stein, T. Thiel, R.K. Varshney, and H. Zhang. 2004.** Molecular mapping:
shifting from the structural to the functional level. *In*: J. Spunar
and J. Janikova (eds.), pp 49-57. Barley Genetics IX. Proc. Ninth Int.
Barley Genet. Symp., Brno, Czech Republic, June 20-26 2004.(in press).

**Kai. H., T. Baba, M. Tsukazaki, Y. Uchimura, and M. Furusho. 2003.**
The QTL analysis of hull-cracked grain in Japanese malting barley.
Breeding Sci 53 (3): 225-230.

**Komatsuda, T., P. Maxinm, N. Senthil, and Y. Mano. 2004.**
High-density AFLP map of nonbrittle rachis 1 (*btr1*) and 2 (*btr2*)
genes in barley (*Hordeum vulgare* L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 109:
986-995.

**Li, C.D., R.C.M. Lance, H.M.Collins, A. Tarr, S. Roumeliotis, S.
Harasymow, M. Cakir, G.P. Fox, C.R. Grime, S. Broughton, K.J. Young, H.
Raman, A.R. Barr, D.B. Moody, and B.J. Read. 2003.** Quantitative trait
loci controlling kernel discoloration in barley (*Hordeum vulgare* L.).
Austr. J. Agr. Res. 54 (11-12):1251-1259.

**Mammadov, J.A., J.C. Zwonitzer, R.M. Biyashev, C.A. Griffey, Y. Jin,
B.J. Steffenson, and M.A.S. Maroof. 2003.** Molecular mapping of leaf
rust resistance gene *Rph5* in barley. Crop Sci. 43 (1):388-393.

**Patil V., A. Bjørnstad, and J. MacKey. 2003.** Molecular mapping of a
new gene *Rrs4*~(CI11549)~ for resistance to barley scald
(*Rhynchosporium secalis*). Mol. Breeding 12 (2):169-183.

**Patil V., A. Bjørnstad, H. Magnus, and J. MacKey. 2002.** Resistance
to scald (*Rhynchosporium secalis*) in barley (*Hordeum vulgare* L.).
II. Diallel analysis of near-isogenic lines. Hereditas 137 (3):186-197.

**Pellio, B., S. Streng, E. Bauer, N. Stein, D. Perovic, A. Schiemann,
W. Friedt, F. Ordon, and A. Graner. 2005.** High-resolution mapping of
the *Rym4/Rym5* locus conferring resistance to the barley yellow mosaic
virus complex (BaMMV, BaYMV, BaYMV-2) in barley (*Hordeum vulgare* ssp
*vulgare* L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 110:283-293.

**Rajasekaran, P., W.T.B. Thomas, A. Wilson, P. Lawrence, G. Young, and
R.P. Ellis. 2004.** Genetic control over grain damage in a spring barley
mapping population. Plant Breeding 123:17-23.

**Raman, H., G.J. Platz, K.J. Chalmers, R. Raman, B.J. Read, A.R. Barr,
and D.B. Moody. 2003.** Mapping of genomic regions associated with net
form of net blotch resistance in barley. Austr. J. Agr. Res. 54
(11-12):1359-1367.

**Read, B.J., H. Raman, G. McMichael, K.J. Chalmers, G.A. Ablett, G.J.
Platz, R. Raman, R.K. Genger, W.J.R. Boyd, C.D. Li, C.R. Grime, R.F.
Park, H. Wallwork, R. Prangnell, and R.C.M. Lance. 2003.** Mapping and
QTL analysis of the barley population Sloop x Halcyon. Austr. J.Agr.
Res. 54 (11-12):1145-1153.

**Sato, K., N. Nankaku, Y. Motoi, and K. Takeda. 2004.** A large scale
mapping of ESTs on barley genome. *In*: J. Spunar and J, Janikova
(eds.), pp. 79-85. Barley Genetics IX. Proc.Ninth Int. Barley Genet.
Symp., Brno, Czech Republic, June 20-26 2004. (in press).

**Sayed, H., G. Backes, H. Kayyal, A. Yahyaoui, S. Ceccarelli, S.
Grando, A. Jahoor, and M. Baum. 2004.** New molecular markers linked to
qualitative and quantitative powdery mildew and scald resistance genes
in barley for dry areas. Euphytica 135 (2):225-228.

**Scherrer, B., E. Isidore, P. Klein, J-S. Kim, A. Bellec, B. Chalhoub,
B. Keller, and C. Feuillet. 2005.** Large intraspecific haplotype
variability at the *Rph7* locus results from rapid and recent divergence
in the barley genome. Plant Cell 17:361-374.

**Smilde, W.D., J. Haluskova, T. Sasaki, and A. Graner. 2001.** New
evidence for the synteny of rice chromosome 1 and barley chromosome 3H
from rice expressed sequence tags. Genome 44:361-367.

**Stein, N., D. Perovic, B. Pellio, J. Kumlehn, T. Wicker, S. Stracke,
F. Ordon, and A. Graner. 2005.** The gene *elF4E* is a common
determinant of recessive virus resistance in dicot and monocot plants as
revealed by map-based cloning of *Rym4* conferring bymovirus resistance
in barley. Plant and Animal Genomes XIII, San Diego, CA, USA, January
15-19 2005. http://www.intl-pag.org/abstracts/PAG13_W040.html

**Talame, V., M.C. Sanguineti, E. Chiapparino, H. Bahri, M. Ben Salem,
B.P. Forster, R.P. Ellis, S. Rhouma, W. Zoumarou, R. Waugh, and R.
Tuberosa. 2004.** Identification of *Hordeum spontaneum* QTL alleles
improving field performance of barley grown under rainfed conditions.
Ann. Appl. Biol. 144 (3):309-319.

**Zhong, S. B., R. J. Effertz, Y. Jin, J.D. Franckowiak, and B.J.
Steffenson. 2003.** Molecular mapping of the leaf rust resistance gene
*Rph6* in barley and its linkage relationships with *Rph5* and *Rph7*.
Phytopathology 93 (5):604-609.

**Coordinator's Report: Barley Chromosome 5H(7)**

**George Fedak**

**Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Research Centre**

**Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada**

**Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6**

**e-mail: fedakga@agr.gc.ca**

Seed dormancy and it's release during after-ripening are important
traits in barley harvesting and the malting industry. The traits are
quantitatively inherited and under environmental influence.

In yet another study, a DH mapping population was made from two
cultivars with elite malting quality; Triumph (European two row, prone
to dormancy) and Morex (North America 6 row, non dormant) (Prada *et
al*., 2004).

The QTL for GP3 (7) (germination percentage at 3 days of incubation at 7
days post harvest) obtained from Triumph was located near the centromere
of chromosome 7(5H) and explained 52% of the phenotypic variance. The
QTL for GP7 (7) (germination percentage at 7 days of incubation at 7
days post harvest) obtained from Triumph was located in the centromere
region of chromosome 7(5H) and explained 33% of the phenotypic variance;
a second GP7 (7) QTL from the variety Morex was located at the long arm
telomere of chromosomes 3(3H) and explained 13% of phenotypic variation.
It is not yet known if the common position of

GP3 (7) and GP7 (7) is due to linkage or pleiotropy.

In the same population a DR QTL (dormancy release through
after-ripening) obtained from Morex, was located on the long arm
telomere of chromosome 7(5H) and another on chromosome 2(2H) and
explained 19 & 9% of phenotypic variability respectively. It is assumed
that a moderate level of dormancy could be maintained by manipulating
the balance between the GP and DR loci.

It is interesting to note that in previous studies major dormancy QTL,
SD1 and SD2 in a Steptoe/Morex cross were located in the centromeric and
long arm telomeric regions respectively of chromosome 7(5H) (Han *et
al*., 1996). In addition a major dormancy QTL in the Harrington/TR306
mapping population (Ullrich *et. al*., 2002) and one in the
Chebec/Harrington population (Karakousis *et al.* 1996) have been mapped
to the long arm telomere of chromosome 7(5H). It is suggested that the
QTL located in the Triumph/Morex population could be allelic with those
detected in the Steptoe/Morex cross and those detected in the Harrington
/ TR306 and the Chebec/Harrington populations.

Dormancy was also tested in an F~2~ population derived from a cross
between Triumph and Steptoe, both cultivars with some degree of
dormancy. The distribution of the F~2~ population was continuous but a
large number of transgressive segregants were obtained, indicating that
although the two parents come from distinct gene pools, there is
probably some difference in the genetic control of dormancy. Minor genes
could be affecting the expression of dormancy in both cultivars.

Winter hardiness is a complex trait involving aspects of low temperature
tolerance, vernalization requirement and photoperiod sensitivity. To map
the QTL controlling some of those traits a DH mapping population
consisting of 136 lines was developed from a hybrid between the
cultivars Nure (winter two rowed feed barley) x Tremois (spring two
rowed malting barley), (Francia *et* *al*[.,]{.underline} 2004).

A total of nine QTL for the various cold-hardiness-related traits were
mapped on the long arm of chromosome 5H. These included 2 QTL for
winter-field survival, 2 QTL for a controlled field test plus two for
functionality of photosystem II. In addition, for COR genes (cold
regulated genes) QTL were located on chromosome 5H and 6H, heading date
QTL were located on chromosomes 5H, 1H, 2H and 6H and a vernalization
QTL was also located on chromosome 5H (long arm).

The vernalization QTL coincided with previously described vernalization
loci in the Triticeae and other QTL for all measures of cold hardiness
coincided with this locus. In summary all of the QTL reported above
coincided with the two major loci on the long arm of chromosome 5H.

**References:**

**Francia, E., F. Rezza, L. Cattivelli, A.M. Stanca, G. Galiba,B. Toth,
P.M. Hayes, J.S.Skinner, and N. Pecchioni. 2004.** Two loci on
chromosome 5H determine low-temperature tolerance in a 'Nure' (winter) x
Tremois (spring) barley maps. Theor. Appl. Genet. 108:670-680.

**Han, F., S.E. Ullrich, J.A. Clancy, V. Jitkou, A Kilian, and I.
Ramagosa. 1996.** Verification of barley seed dormancy loci via linked
molecular markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 92:87-91.

**Ullrich, S. E., F. Han, W. Gao, D, Prada, J.A. Clancy, A. Kleinhofs,
I. Ramagosa, and J.L. Molina-Cano. 2002.** Summary of QTL analysis of
seed dormancy trait in barley. Barley Newsl. 45:39-41.

**Karakousis, A, J. Kretschmer, S. Manning, K. Chalmers,and P.
Langridge. 1996.** The Australian genome mapping project. Available
on-line at: [http://greengenes](http://greengenes/). cit.
Cornell.edu/Waite QTL.

**Prada, D., S.E. Ullrich, J.L. Molina-Cano, L. Cistice, J.A. Clancey,
and I. Ramagosa. 2004.** Genetic control of dormancy in a Triumph/Morex
cross in barley. Theor. Appl. Genet.109:62-70.

Coordinator's Report: Chromosome 7H.

**Lynn S. Dahleen**

**USDA-Agricultural Research Service**

**Fargo, ND 58105, USA**

**e-mail: DAHLEENL@fargo.ars.usda.gov**

As usual, progress in gene and QTL mapping covered numerous traits. In
addition to the peer-reviewed papers described here, many reports were
presented at the International Barley Genetics Symposium in Brno, Czech
Republic in June 2004, available in the Proceedings and the book of
abstracts published in the Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding.

New microarray technology has been applied to mapping. (Potokina *et
al.*, 2004) used a 1,400 EST array to identify genes for malting quality
traits. Functional associations in ten genotypes identified two ESTs on
chromosome 7H. HY05O13 for sucrose synthase1 was associated with malt
extract and β-amylase activity. HY03C01 for catalase (*cat1*) was
associated with extract, β-amylase, Kolbach index and final attenuation.
QTL mapping in the Steptoe x Morex population identified QTLs for
extract and α-amylase at HY05O13 but no QTLs at HY03C01.

Rajasekaran *et al*., (2004) mapped QTLs for grain damage traits in a
Tankard x Livet population. Nine QTLs were located in chromosome 7H in
3-4 locations. Traits included sieve fraction greater than 2.5 mm (2
QTLs), skinning less than 25% (2 QTLs), grain width by image analysis,
ratio of grain width to length, height and grain milling energy (2
QTLs). The major region on chromosome 7H was at the SSR marker Bmag507.

QTLs affecting germination and malt friability were located by Edney and
Mather, (2004), using the Harrington x Morex mapping population. A QTL
for germination of 100 seeds in 4 ml of water was found in chromosome 7H
by composite interval mapping. Morex provided the favorable allele.

Han *et al*., (2004) developed 39 isolines from a Steptoe x Morex cross
differing for marker genotype in a 28 cM malting quality QTL region in
chromosome 7H. QTL analysis after micromalting identified one QTL for
malt extract, and two QTLs each for α-amylase activity, diastatic power
and malt β-glucan. Resolutions of 2.0 cM or less were achieved,
providing good markers for breeding.

Validation of the many QTL regions identified for Fusarium head blight
resistance, kernel discoloration and deoxynivalenol concentration has
begun with two populations derived from Chevron (Canci *et al*., 2004).
Of the fifteen QTLs identified in the original mapping population, only
five were validated in the new populations. None of the QTLs on
chromosome 7H were detected in either new population.

Nonbrittle rachis has been a key locus in domestication of barley.
Komatsuda *et al*., (2004) compared nonbrittle rachis loci in occidental
and oriental barley lines. In addition to the major gene *btr2*, the
oriental barley contained two QTLs, one of which was located in
chromosome 7H.

Diab *et al*. (2004) mapped 68 QTLs involved in drought tolerance traits
using the cross Tadmor x Er/Apm. Ten were located in chromosome 7H,
including three for relative water content in stressed and irrigated
plots and seven for water soluble carbohydrate concentration traits. Two
genes were located in these QTLs, acyl carrier protein III (*Acl3*) and
sucrose synthase (*bSS1B*), and an EST for a copper binding protein
(BM816463).

The new tetra-primer ARMS-PCR technique was used to validate previously
identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five of nine RFLP
clones (Chiapparino *et al*., 2004). Two of these five were located in
chromosome 7H, MWG2062 and ABC465. They then screened 132 varieties and
determined the frequency of each nucleotide at the polymorphic site.
This technique has potential in low to medium throughput laboratories.

Varshney *et al*., 2004 tested transferability of 165 barley EST-SSR
markers to wheat, rye and rice, to expand our knowledge of cereal
synteny. Four of the barley chromosome 7H EST-SSR markers tested were
homologous to group 7 chromosome wheat ESTs. The barley electronic
comparisons to rice showed synteny between eleven of the 21 barley 7H
EST-SSRs examined and rice chromosomes 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 12. The two
chromosome 7H barley EST-SSRs mapped in rye were located on rye
chromosome 4RL.

Comparisons of sequence-based polymorphisms in barley EST-derived
markers were examined by Russell *et al*., 2004. The one sequence
evaluated in chromosome 7H was Best 1239, with homology to sucrose
synthase. Two polymorphic sites were located in landraces, producing two
haplotypes. Spring barley cultivars and *H. spontaneum* both showed no
diversity, producing a single haplotype. Markers for other ESTs had as
many as nine different haplotypes. In general, cultivated barley showed
less diversity than the landraces and *H. spontaneum*.

Wenzl *et al*., (2004) developed and tested diversity arrays technology
(DarT) using polymorphism-enriched microarray hybridization. They then
applied DarT to the Steptoe x Morex mapping population and mapped 42
markers to chromosome 7H. With this technique, it is possible to create
a medium density linkage map in a few days.

Fluorescent in situ hybridization with RFLP clones was used for
comparing physical and genetic maps by Stephens *et al*., 2004. One
landmark plasmid, p18S5Shor, was used to identify and orient all seven
chromosome pairs. Six of the fourteen cDNA clones used mapped to
chromosome 7H, Amy2, Brz, Chi, Glx, His3, and Ubi. Physical mapping
showed that barley genetic maps do not cover large areas of the genome.

**References:**

**Canci P.C., L.M. Nduulu, G.J. Muehlbauer, R. Dill-Macky, D.C.
Rasmusson, and K.P. Smith. 2004.** Validation of quantitative trait loci
for Fusarium head blight and kernel discoloration in barley. Molec.
Breed. 14:91-104.

**Chiapparino E., D. Lee. and P. Donini. 2004.** Genotyping single
nucleotide polymorphisms in barley by tetra-primer ARMS-PCR. Genome
47:414-420.

**Diab A.A., B. Teulat-Merah, D. This, N.Z. Ozturk, D. Benscher, and
M.E. Sorrells. 2004.** Identification of drought-inducible genes and
differentially expressed sequence tags in barley. Theor. Appl. Genet.
109:1417-1425.

**Edney M.J., and D.E Mather. 2004.** Quantitative trait loci affecting
germination traits and malt friability in a two-rowed by six-rowed
barley cross. J. Cereal Sci. 39:283-290.

**Han, F., J.A. Clancy, B.L. Jones, D.M. Wesenberg, A. Kleinhofs, and
S.E. Ullrich. 2004.** Dissection of a malting quality QTL region on
chromosome 1 (7H) of barley. Molec. Breed. 14:339-347.

**Komatsuda, T., P. Maxim, N. Senthil, and Y. Mano. 2004.** High-density
AFLP map of nonbrittle rachis 1 (*btr1*) and 2 (*btr2*) genes in barley
(*Hordeum vulgare* L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 109:986-995.

**Potokina, E., M. Caspers, M. Prasad, R. Kota, H. Zhang, N.
Sreenivasulu, M. Wang, and A. Graner. 2004.** Functional association
between malting quality trait components and cDNA array based expression
patterns in barley (*Hordeum vulgare* L.). Molec. Breed. 14:153:170.

**Rajasekaran, P., W.T.B. Thomas, A. Wilson, P. Lawrence, G. Young, and
R.P. Ellis. 2004.** Genetic control over grain damage in a spring barley
mapping population. Plant Breed. 123:17-23.

**Russell, J., A. Booth, J. Fuller, B. Harrower, P. Hedley, G. Machray,
and W. Powell. 2004.** A comparison of sequence-based polymorphism and
haplotype content in transcribed and anonymous regions of the barley
genome. Genome 47:389-398.

**Stephens, J.L., S.E. Brown, N.L.V. Lapitan, and D.L. Knudson. 2004.**
Physical mapping of barley genes using an ultrasensitive fluorescence in
situ hybridization technique. Genome 47:179-189.

**Varshney, R.K., R. Sigmund, A. Börner, V. Korzun, N. Stein, M.E.
Sorrells, P. Langridge, and A. Graner. 2004.** Interspecific
transferability and comparative mapping of barley EST-SSR markers in
wheat, rye and rice. Plant Sci. 168:195-202.

**Wenzl, P., J. Carling, D. Kudrna, D. Jaccoud, E. Huttner, A.
Kleinhofs, and A. Kilian. 2004.** Diversity arrays technology (DArT) for
whole-genome profiling of barley. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
101:9915-9920.

**Integrating Molecular and Morphological/Physiological Marker Maps**

**A. Kleinhofs**

**Dept. Crop and Soil Sciences and**

**School of Molecular Biosciences**

**Washington State University**

**Pullman, WA 99164-6420, USA**

**e-mail: andyk@wsu.edu**

Barley gene mapping and cloning is progressing, albeit slowly. The *Uzu*
and *Nec1* genes were identified by homology to Arabidopsis and rice
genes (Chono *et al*., Plant Phys. 133:1209, '03; Rostoks *et al*., in
press). The *Uzu* gene encodes a brassinosteroid receptor and maps to
chromosome 3H Bin6. The *Nec1* gene encodes a cyclic nucleotide-gated
ion channel 4 protein and maps to chromosome 5(1H) Bin9. There should be
ample opportunities for the identification of other barley genes by
homology to the model dicot and monocot plants, Arabidopsis and rice.
For example the *rym4,5,6* gene (resistance to yellow mosaic virus) was
identified as translation initiation factor eIF4E by recognition of a
similar virus resistance pathway in dicotyledonous species (Kanyuka *et
al*., in press). The location of rym4 on chromosome 3H Bin016 was
previously known (Graner *et al*., TAG 86:689 ´93). The locus is now
marked by the CAPS marker BGK105 derived from the *eIF4E* sequence
identified as the *Rym4* gene. The Vrs1 gene was mapped at high
resolution and shown to co-segregate with markers e40m36-1110 and
e34m13-260 (He *et* *al*., Genome 47:1122, '04). The previously closest
marker MWG699 is located 0.1 cM proximal from Vrs1.

> Please advise me if you have additions or corrections to this
> information.

Bin Assignments for Morphological Map Markers and closest molecular
marker

> Chr.1(7H)
>
> BIN1 \*[Rpg1]{.mark} RSB228 Brueggeman *et al*., PNAS 99:9328, '02
>
> Run1
>
> [Rdg2a]{.mark} MWG851A Bulgarelli *et al*., TAG 108:1401, '04
>
> [Rrs2]{.mark} MWG555A Schweizer *et al*., TAG 90:920, '95
>
> mlt
>
> [brh1]{.mark} MWG2074B Li et al., 8^th^ IBGS 3:72, '00
>
> BIN2 Est5 iEst5 Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> [fch12]{.mark} BCD130 Schmierer *et al*., BGN 31:12, '01
>
> \*[wax]{.mark} Wax Kleinhofs BGN 32:152, '02
>
> [gsh3]{.mark} His3A Kleinhofs BGN 32:152, '02
>
> BIN3 [fch5]{.mark} ABC167A Kleinhofs BGN 32:152, '02
>
> [Rcs5]{.mark} KAJ185 Johnson & Kleinhofs, unpublished
>
> yvs2
>
> [cer-ze]{.mark} ABG380 Kleinhofs BGN 27:105, '96
>
> BIN4 wnd
>
> [Lga]{.mark} BE193581 Johnson & Kleinhofs, unpublished
>
> abo7
>
> BIN5 ant1
>
> [nar3]{.mark} MWG836 Kleinhofs BGN 32:152, '02
>
> ert-m
>
> ert-a
>
> BIN6 ert-d
>
> fch8
>
> fst3
>
> cer-f
>
> dsp1
>
> msg14
>
> BIN7 msg10
>
> [rsm1]{.mark} ABC455 Edwards & Steffenson, Phytopath. 86:184,'96 sex6
>
> seg5
>
> seg2
>
> [pmr]{.mark} ABC308 Kleinhofs BGN 27:105, '96
>
> [mo6b]{.mark} Hsp17 Soule *et al*., J Her. 91:483, '00
>
> [nud]{.mark} CDO673 Heun *et al*., Genome 34:437, '91
>
> [fch4]{.mark} MWG003 Kleinhofs BGN 27:105, '96
>
> BIN8 \*[Amy2]{.mark} Amy2 Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> [lks2]{.mark} WG380B Costa *et al*., TAG 103:415, '01
>
> [Rpt4]{.mark} Psr117D Williams *et al*., TAG 99:323, '99
>
> ubs4
>
> blx2
>
> BIN9 lbi3
>
> xnt4
>
> [lpa2]{.mark} ? Larson *et al*., TAG 97:141, '98
>
> msg50
>
> Rym2
>
> seg4
>
> BIN10 [Xnt1]{.mark} BF626025 Hansson *et al*., PNAS 96:1744, '99
>
> [xnt-h]{.mark} BF626025 Hansson *et al*., PNAS 96:1744, '99
>
> BIN11 [Rph3]{.mark} Tha2 Toojinda *et al*., TAG 101:580, '00
>
> BIN12 Mlf
>
> xnt9
>
> seg1
>
> msg23
>
> BIN13 Rph19 Rlch4(Nc) Park & Karakousis Plt. Breed. 121:232. '02
>
> BIN14 none
>
> Chr.2(2H)
>
> BIN1 sbk
>
> BIN2 none
>
> BIN3 [gsh6]{.mark} MWG878A Kleinhofs BGN 32:152, '02
>
> gsh1
>
> gsh8
>
> BIN4 Eam1
>
> [Ppd-H1]{.mark} MWG858 Laurie et al., Heredity 72:619, '94
>
> sld2
>
> rtt
>
> flo-c
>
> sld4
>
> BIN5 fch15
>
> brc1
>
> com2
>
> BIN6 msg9
>
> abo2
>
> Rph15 P13M40 Weerasena *et al*., TAG 108:712 '04
>
> [rph16]{.mark} MWG874 Drescher et al., 8thIBGS II:95, '00
>
> BIN7 [yst4]{.mark} CDO537 Kleinhofs BGN 32:152, '02
>
> [Az94]{.mark} CDO537 Kleinhofs BGN 32:152, '02
>
> [gai]{.mark} MWG2058 Börner *et al*., TAG 99:670, '99
>
> msg33
>
> msg3
>
> fch1
>
> BIN8 [Eam6]{.mark} ABC167b Tohno-oka *et al*., 8thIBGS III:239, '00
>
> gsh5
>
> msg2
>
> [eog]{.mark} ABC451 Kleinhofs BGN 27:105, '96
>
> abr
>
> cer-n
>
> BIN9 Gth
>
> hcm1
>
> wst4
>
> [vrs1]{.mark} MWG699 Komatsuda *et al*., Genome 42:248, '00
>
> BIN10 cer-g
>
> Lks1
>
> mtt4
>
> Pre2
>
> msg27
>
> ant2
>
> BIN11 [Rha2]{.mark} AWBMA21 Kretschmer *et al*., TAG 94:1060, '97
>
> \*[Rar1]{.mark} AW983293B Freialdenhoven *et al*., Plt. Cell 6:983,
> '94
>
> fol-a
>
> [gal]{.mark} MWG581A Börner *et al*., TAG 99:670, '99
>
> fch14
>
> Pau
>
> BIN12 Pvc
>
> BIN13 [lig]{.mark} BCD266 Pratchett & Laurie Hereditas 120:35, '94
>
> [nar4]{.mark} Gln2 Kleinhofs BGN 27:105, '96
>
> [Zeo1]{.mark} cnx1 Costa *et al*., TAG 103:415, '01
>
> [lpa1]{.mark} ABC157 Larson *et al*., TAG 97:141, '98
>
> BIN14 none
>
> BIN15 [gpa]{.mark} CDO036 Kleinhofs BGN 27:105, '96
>
> [wst7]{.mark} MWG949A Costa *et al*., TAG 103:415, '01
>
> [MlLa]{.mark} Ris16 Giese *et al*., TAG 85:897, '93
>
> trp
>
> Chr. 3(3H)
>
> BIN1 BE216031; BF264341; BF623053
>
> [Rph5]{.mark}
>
> [Rph6]{.mark} BCD907 Zhong *et al*., Phytopath. 93:604, '03
>
> [Rph7]{.mark} MWG848 Brunner *et al*., TAG 101:783, '00
>
> BIN2 BI958652; BF631357; BG369659
>
> ant17
>
> sld5
>
> [mo7a]{.mark} ABC171A Soule *et al*., J. Hered. 91:483, '00
>
> brh8
>
> BIN3 ARD1769.1 Druka *et al*., PNAS 99:850, '02
>
> xnt6
>
> BIN4 [btr1]{.mark}
>
> [btr2]{.mark}
>
> lzd
>
> BIN5 [alm]{.mark} ABG471 Kleinhofs BGN 27:105, '96
>
> abo9
>
> sca
>
> yst2
>
> dsp10
>
> BIN6 BI956389; BE456118B
>
> [Rrs1]{.mark} Graner *et al*., TAG 93: 421 ´96
>
> BG418711
>
> [Rh/Pt]{.mark} ABG396 Smilde *et al*., 8^th^ IBGS 2:178, '00
>
> BE455901
>
> [Rrs.B87]{.mark} BCD828 Williams *et al*., Plant Breed. 120:301, '01
>
> AtpbB
>
> abo6
>
> xnt3
>
> msg5
>
> ari-a
>
> yst1
>
> zeb1
>
> ert-c
>
> ert-ii
>
> cer-zd
>
> [Ryd2]{.mark} WG889B Collins *et al*., TAG 92:858, '96
>
> \*[uzu]{.mark} AB088206 Saisho *et al*., Breeding Sci. 54:409, '04
>
> BIN7 cer-r
>
> BIN8 wst6
>
> cer-zn
>
> sld1
>
> BIN9 wst1
>
> BIN10 vrs4
>
> Int1
>
> gsh2
>
> BIN11 als
>
> [sdw1]{.mark} PSR170 Laurie *et al*., Plant Breed. 111:198, '93
>
> BIN12 sdw2
>
> BIN13 [Pub]{.mark} ABG389 Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> BIN14 cur2
>
> BIN15 Rph10
>
> fch2
>
> BIN16 eam10
>
> Est1/2/3
>
> \*[rym4]{.mark} *eIF4E* Kanyuka *et al*., in press '05
>
> \*[rym5]{.mark} *eIF4E* Kanyuka *et al*., in press '05
>
> Stein *et al*., Plt.J. 42:912, '05
>
> Est4
>
> ant28
>
> Chr.4(4H)
>
> BIN1 none
>
> BIN2 fch9
>
> sln
>
> BIN3 int-c MWG2033 Komatsuda, TAG 105:85, '02
>
> Zeo3
>
> [Dwf2]{.mark} Ole1 Ivandic *et al*., TAG 98:728, '99
>
> Ynd
>
> glo-a
>
> rym1 MWG2134 Okada *et al*., Breeding Sci. 54:319, '04
>
> BIN4 \*[Kap]{.mark} X83518 Muller *et al*., Nature 374:727, '95
>
> lbi2
>
> zeb2
>
> lgn3
>
> BIN5 lgn4
>
> lks5
>
> eam9
>
> msg24
>
> BIN6 glf1
>
> [rym11]{.mark} MWG2134 Bauer *et al*., TAG 95:1263, '97
>
> [Mlg]{.mark} MWG032 Kurth *et al*., TAG 102:53, '01
>
> cer-zg
>
> brh2
>
> BIN7 glf3
>
> frp
>
> min1
>
> blx4
>
> sid
>
> blx3
>
> BIN8 blx1
>
> BIN9 ert1
>
> BIN10 \*[mlo]{.mark} P93766 Bueschges *et al*., Cell 88:695, '97
>
> BIN11 none
>
> BIN12 [Hsh]{.mark} HVM067 Costa *et al*., TAG 103:415, '01
>
> Hln
>
> sgh1
>
> yhd1
>
> BIN13 \*[Bmy1]{.mark} pcbC51 Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> [rym8]{.mark} MWG2307 Bauer *et al*., TAG 95:1263, '97
>
> [rym9]{.mark} MWG517 Bauer *et al*., TAG 95:1263, '97
>
> Wsp3
>
> Chr. 5(1H)
>
> BIN1 Rph4
>
> Mlra
>
> Cer-yy
>
> [Sex76]{.mark} Hor2 Netsvetaev BGN 27:51, '97
>
> [Hor5]{.mark} Hor5 Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> BIN2 \*[Hor2]{.mark} Hor2 Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> [Rrs14]{.mark} Hor2 Garvin *et al*., Plant Breed. 119:193-196, '00
>
> \*[Mla6]{.mark} AJ302292 Halterman *et al*., Plt J. 25:335, '01
>
> BIN3 \*[Hor1]{.mark} Hor1 Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> Rps4
>
> Mlk
>
> BIN4 Lys4
>
> BIN5, 6, 7. Mlnn; msg31; sls; msg4; fch3;
>
> BIN6 amo1
>
> BIN7 clh
>
> vrs3
>
> Ror1 ABG452 Collins *et al*., Plt. Phys. 125:1236, '01
>
> BIN8 fst2
>
> cer-zi
>
> cer-e
>
> ert-b
>
> MlGa
>
> msg1
>
> xnt7
>
> BIN9 \*[nec1]{.mark} BF630384 Rostoks *et al*., BGNL 35:?, '05
>
> BIN10 abo1
>
> Glb1
>
> BIN11 wst5
>
> cud2
>
> BIN12 rlv
>
> lel1
>
> BIN13 [Blp]{.mark} ABC261 Costa *et al*., TAG 103:415, '01
>
> BIN14 fch7
>
> trd
>
> eam8
>
> Chr. 6(6H)
>
> BIN1 \*[Nar1]{.mark} X57845 Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> abo15
>
> BIN2 [nar8]{.mark} ABG378B Kleinhofs BGN 27:105, '96
>
> nec3
>
> Rrs13
>
> BIN3 none
>
> BIN4 msg36
>
> BIN5 nec2
>
> ant21
>
> msg6
>
> eam7
>
> BIN6 [rob]{.mark} HVM031 Costa *et al*., TAG 103:415, '01 sex1
>
> gsh4
>
> ant13
>
> [cul2]{.mark} Crg4(KFP128) Babb & Muehlbauer BGN 31:28, '01
>
> fch11
>
> mtt5
>
> abo14
>
> BIN7 none
>
> BIN8 none
>
> BIN9 \*[Amy1]{.mark} JR115 Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> \*[Nar7]{.mark} X60173 Warner *et al*., Genome 38:743, '95
>
> \*[Nir]{.mark} pCIB808 Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> mul2
>
> cur3
>
> BIN10 lax-b
>
> raw5
>
> cur1
>
> BIN11 none
>
> BIN12 xnt5
>
> Aat2
>
> BIN13 [Rph11]{.mark} Acp3 Feuerstein *et al*., Plant breed. 104:318,
> '90
>
> lax-c
>
> BIN14 dsp9
>
> Chr. 7(5H)
>
> BIN1 abo12
>
> msg16
>
> ddt
>
> BIN2 dex1
>
> msg19
>
> nld
>
> fch6
>
> glo-b
>
> BIN3 [cud1]{.mark} ABG705A
>
> lys3
>
> fst1
>
> blf1
>
> vrs2
>
> BIN4 cer-zj
>
> cer-zp
>
> msg18
>
> wst2
>
> [Rph2]{.mark} ITS1 Borovkova *et al*., Genome 40:236, '97
>
> [lax-a]{.mark} PSR118 Laurie *et al*., TAG 93:81, '96
>
> com1
>
> ari-e
>
> ert-g
>
> ert-n
>
> BIN5 [rym3]{.mark} MWG028 Saeki *et al*., TAG 99:727, '99
>
> BIN6 none
>
> BIN7 none
>
> BIN8 none
>
> BIN9 [srh]{.mark} ksuA1B Kleinhofs *et al*., TAG 86:705, '93
>
> cer-i
>
> mtt2
>
> lys1
>
> cer-t
>
> dsk
>
> var1
>
> cer-w
>
> Eam5
>
> BIN10 raw1
>
> msg7
>
> BIN11 [Rph9/12]{.mark}ABG712 Borokova *et al*., Phytopath. 88:76, '98
>
> [Sgh2]{.mark}
>
> \*[Ror2]{.mark} AY246906 Collins *et al*., Nature 425:973, '03
>
> lbi1
>
> Rha4
>
> raw2
>
> BIN12 none
>
> BIN13 [rpg4]{.mark} ARD5303 Druka *et al*., unpublished
>
> [RpgQ]{.mark} ARD5304 Druka *et al*., unpublished
>
> BIN14 var3

\* - indicates the gene has been cloned

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Tillering Mutant *uniculm2* (*cul2*) on Chromosome 6H. BGN31:28.

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Molecular mapping of novel resistance genes against Barley Mild Mosaic
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**Borovkova, I.G., Y. Jin, B.J. Steffenson, A. Kilian, T.K. Blake, and
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**Borokova, I.G., Y. Jin, and B.J. Steffenson. 1998.** Chromosomal
Location and Genetic Relationship of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes *Rph9*
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Molecular mapping of two dwarfing genes differing in their GA response
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**Büschges, R., K. Hollricher, R. Panstruga, G. Simons, M. Wolter, A.
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barley grain. Theor. Appl. Genet. 97:141-146.

**Laurie, D.A., N. Pratchett, C. Romero, E. Simpson, and J.W. Snape.
1993.** Assignment of the *denso* dwarfing gene to the long arm of
chromosome 3 (3H) of barley by use of RFLP markers. Plant. Breed.
111:198-203.

**Laurie, D.A., N. Pratchett, J.H. Bezan, and J.W. Snape. 1994.**
Genetic analysis of a photoperiod response gene on the short arm of
chromosome 2 (2H) of Hordeum vulgare (barley). Heredity 72:619-627.

**Laurie, D.A., N. Pratchett, R.A. Allen, and S.S. Hantke. 1996.** RFLP
mapping of the barley homeotic mutant *lax-a*. Theor. Appl. Genet.
93:81-85.

**Li. M., D. Kudrna, and A. Kleinhofs. 2000.** Fine mapping of a
Semi-dwarf gene Brachytic1 in barley. p. 72-74. *In*: S. Logue (ed.)
Barley Genetics VIII. Volume III. Proc. Eigth Int. Barley Genet. Symp.
Adelaide. Dept. Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen
Osmond, South Australia.

**Müller, K.J., N. Romano, O. Gerstner, F. Gracia-Maroto, C. Pozzi, F.
Salamini, and W. Rhode. 1995.** The barley *Hooded* mutation caused by a
duplication in a homeobox gene intron. Nature 374:727-730.

**Netsvetaev, V.P. 1997.** High lysine mutant of winter barley - L76.
BGN27:51-54.

**Okada, Y., R. Kanatani, S. Arai and I.Kazutoshi. 2004.** Interaction
between barley mosaic disease-resistance genes *rym1* and *rym5*, in the
response to BaYMV strains. Breeding Science 54 (4):319-324.

**Park, R.F., and A. Karakousis. 2002.** Characterization and mapping
*Rph19* conferring resistance to *Puccinia hordei* in the cultivar
'Rea1' and several Australian barley. Plant Breeding 121:232-236.

**Pratchett, N., and D.A. Laurie. 1994.** Genetic map location of the
barley developmental mutant *liguleless* in relation to RFLP markers.
Hereditas 120:35-39.

**Rostocks, N. and A. Kleinhofs. 2005.** Barley necrotic mutants FN085
and FN338 are deficient in cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4. BGN 35:
(in press).

**Rostoks, N., D. Schmierer, S. Mudie, T. Drader, R. Brueggeman, D.
Caldwell, R. Waugh, and A. Kleinhofs. 2005.** Barley *Nec1* is a
homologue of the *Arabidopsis Hlm1* encoding the cyclic nucleotide-gated
ion channel 4. (submitted and in press)

**Saeki, K., C. Miyazaki, N. Hirota, A. Saito, K. Ito, and T. Konishi.
1999.** RFLP mapping of BaYMV resistance gene *rym3* in barley (*Hordeum
vulgare*). Theor. Appl. Genet. 99:727-732.

**Saisho, D., K.-I. Tanno, M. Chono, I. Honda, H. Kitano, and K. Takeda.
2004.** Spontaneous Brassinolide-insensitive barley mutants 'uzu'
adapted to East Asia. Breeding Science 54(4): 409-416.

**Schmierer, D., A. Druka, D. Kudrna, and A. Kleinhofs. 2001.** Fine
Mapping of the *fch12* chlorina seedling mutant. BGN31:12-13.

**Schweizer, G.F., M. Baumer, G. Daniel, H. Rugel, and M.S. Röder.
1995.** RFLP markers linked to scald (*Rhynchosporium secalis*)
resistance gene *Rh2* in barley. Theor. Appl. Genet. 90:920-922.

**Smilde, W.D., A. Tekauz, and A. Graner. 2000.** Development of a high
resolution map for the *Rh* and *Pt* resistance on barley Chromosome 3H.
p. 178-180. *In*: S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics VIII. Volume II. Proc.
Eigth Int. Barley Genet. Symp. Adelaide. Dept. Plant Science, Waite
Campus, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, South Australia.

Soule, J.D., D.A. Kudrna, and A. Kleinhofs. 2000. Isolation, mapping,
and characterization of two barley multiovary mutants. J. Heredity
91:483-487.

**Stein, N., D. Perovic, J. Kumlehn, B. Pellio, S. Stracke, S. Streng,
F. Ordon, and A. Graner. 2005.** The eukaryotic translation initian
factor 4E confers multiallelic recessive Bymovirus resistance in
*Hordeum vulgare* (L.). The Plant Journal 42:912-922.

**Tohno-oka, T., M. Ishit, R. Kanatani, H. Takahashi, and K. Takeda.
2000.** Genetic Analysis of photoperiotic response of barley in
different daylength conditions. p.239-241. *In*: S. Logue (ed.) Barley
Genetics VIII. Volume III. Proc. Eigth Int. Barley Genet. Symp.
Adelaide. Dept. Plant Science, Waite Campus, Adelaide University, Glen
Osmond, South Australia.

**Toojinda, T., L.H. Broers, X.M. Chen, P.M. Hayes, A. Kleinhofs, J.
Korte, D. Kudrna, H. Leung, R.F. Line, W. Powell, L. Ramsey, H. Vivar,
and R. Waugh. 2000.** Mapping quantitative and qualitative disease
resistance genes in a doubled haploid population of barley (*Hordeum
vulgare*). Theor. Appl. Genet. 101:580-589.

**Warner, R.L., D.A. Kudrna, and A. Kleinhofs. 1995.** Association of
the NAD(P)H-bispecific nitrate reductase structural gene with the *Nar7*
locus in barley. Genome 38:743-746.

**Weerasena, J.S., B.J. Steffenson, and A.B. Falk. 2003.** Conversion of
an amplified fragment length polymorphism marker into a c-dominant
marker in mapping *Rph15* gene conferring resistance to barley leaf
rust, *Puccinia hordei* Otth. Theor. Appl. Genet. 108:712-719.

**Williams, K.J., A. Lichon, P. Gianquitto, J.M. Kretschmer, A.
Karakousis, S. Manning, P. Langridge, and H. Wallwork. 1999.**
Identification and mapping of a gene conferring resistance to the spot
form of net blotch (*Pyrenophora teres* f. *maculata*) in barley. Theor.
Appl. Genet. 99: 323-327.

**Williams, K., P. Bogacki, L. Scott, A. Karakousis, and H. Wallwork.
2001.** Mapping of a gene for leaf scald resistance in barley line
'B87/14' and validation of microsatellite and RFLP markers for
marker-assisted selection. Plant Breed. 120:301-304.

**Zhong, S.B., R.J. Effertz, Y. Jin, J.D. Franckowiak, and B.J.
Steffenson. 2003.** Molecular mapping of the leaf rust resistance gene
*Rph6* in barley and its linkage relationships with *Rph5* and *Rph7*.
Phytopathology 93 (5):604-609.

**Coordinator's report: Barley Genetics Stock Collection.**

**A. Hang**

**USDA-ARS, National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility,**

**Aberdeen, Idaho 83210, USA**

**e-mail: anhang@uidaho.edu**

In 2004, over 560 barley genetic stocks were planted at Aberdeen for
evaluation. In collaboration with Dr. Jerry Franckowiak, 393 barley
genetic stocks were planted in the field for seed increase. One hundred
genetic stocks were increased in the greenhouse.

Over 450 collections of barley genetic male sterile, 626 collections of
barley translocation stocks and 94 Oregon Wolfe Barley stocks were
increased in the last three years.

One hundred fifty-nine samples were shipped to researchers in 2004.

A new chlorina seedling mutation derived from six-rowed cultivar
"Russell" was again crossed with various chlorina stocks including GSHO
18, GSHO 26, GSHO 33, GSHO 119 and GSHO 174. All of F1 seedlings are
green. This indicates that the Russell mutant is not allelic to the
above GSHO stocks.

**Coordinator's report: Trisomic and aneuploid stocks**

**A. Hang**

**USDA-ARS, National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility,**

**Aberdeen, Idaho 83210, USA**

**e-mail: anhang@uidaho.edu**

There is no new information about trisomic and aneuploid stocks. A list
on these stocks are available in BGN 25:104. Seed request for these
stocks should be sent to the coordinator.

**Coordinator's report: Translocations and balanced tertiary trisomics**

**Andreas Houben**

**Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research**

**06466 Gatersleben, Germany**

**email: <houben@ipk-gatersleben.de>**

One consequence of the structural rearrangement of chromosomes is the
change of the gene expression, which can alter the gene expression
(position effect). Knowledge of the mechanism underlying the
position-dependent activity of genes is of interest for manipulation
gene expression by alteration in the gene position. The Bulgarian
scientist N. Papazova and K. Gecheff reported on the position-dependent
gene activity of ribosomal RNA genes based on data using cytologically
reconstructed barley karyotypes (Papazova and Gecheff, 2003).

The data provide evidence that the intraspecific nucleolar dominance
results from interchromosomal interactions, probably of cis-acting
regulatory factors. In addition, the degree of repression varies in
every translocation line and depends on the distance of the translocated
NOR from the centromere.

One barley translocation line has been sent to Prof. Sevdalin Georgiev
(Sofia University, Bulgaria). There were no requests for samples of
balanced tertiary trisomics stock collection.

The collection is being maintained in cold storage. To the best
knowledge of the coordinator, there are no new publications dealing with
balanced tertiary trisomics in barley. Limited seed samples are
available any time, and requests can be made to the coordinator.

**Reference:**

**Papazova, N. and K. Gecheff. 2003.** Position-dependent gene activity
in cytologically reconstructed barley karyotypes. Cell Biol. Int.
27.247-248.

**Coordinator's report: *Eceriferum* Genes**

**Udda Lundqvist**

**SvalöfWeibul AB**

### SE-268 81 Svalöv, Sweden

**e-mail: [udda@ngb.se]{.underline}**

No research work on gene localization has been reported on the
collections of *Eceriferum* and *Glossy* genes since the latest reports
in Barley Genetics Newsletter (BGN). All information and descriptions
done in Barley Genetics Newsletter (BGN) Volume 26 are valid and still
up-to-date. The database of the Swedish collection has been updated
during the last months and will soon be searchable within International
European databases. All Swedish *Eceriferum* alleles can be seen in the
SESTO database of thr Nordic Gene Bank. As my possibilities in searching
literature are very limited, I apologize if I am missing any important
papers. Please send me notes of publications and reports to include in
next year's reports. Descriptions, images and graphic chromosome maps
displays of the *Eceriferum* and *Glossy* genes are available in the
AceDB database for Barley Genes and Barley Genetic Stocks, and they get
currently updated. Its address is found by:
[www.untamo.net/bgs]{.underline}

Every research of interest in the field of *Eceriferum* genes, 'Glossy
sheath' and 'Glossy leaf' genes can be reported to the coordinator as
well. Seed requests regarding the Swedish mutants can be forwarded to
the coordinator <udda@ngb.se> or to the Nordic Gene Bank,
<nordgen@ngb.se>, all others to the Small Grain Germplasm Research
Facility (USDA-ARS), Aberdeen, ID 83210, USA, <anhang@uida.edu> or to
the coordinator at any time.

Coordinator's report: Nuclear genes affecting the chloroplast

**Mats Hansson**

**Department of Biochemistry,**

**Lund University, Box 124,**

**SE-22100 Lund, Sweden**

**E-mail: mats.hansson@biokem.lu.se**

Eight induced barley *xantha-f* mutants have been characterized at the
DNA level (Olsson *et al*., 2004). All the *xantha-f* mutations affect
chlorophyll biosynthesis, as they are defective in magnesium chelatase
that is the first unique enzyme of the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway.
The barley *xantha-f* gene encodes the largest of the three magnesium
chelatase subunits. The phenotype of the studied mutants can in a
satisfactory way be explained by the characterized mutations. The mutant
octet showed a rich variation of mutations including deletions and
missense mutations, which will be helpful tools in future studies
concerning structural, mechanistic and regulatory aspects of the
magnesium chelatase.

Three of the *xantha-f* mutants, *xantha-f.*26, *-f.*27 and -*f.*40,
were also used to study the stability of mRNA affected by non-sense
mutations (Gadjieva *et al*., 2004). Mutations *xantha-f.*27 and -*f.*40
are non-sense mutations in exon 4 and 3, respectively. Mutant
*xantha-f.*26 has a miss-sense mutation and was included as a control in
the experiment. It was found that both *xantha-f.*27 and *xantha-f.*40
had a reduced amount of *xantha-f* mRNA, whereas wild type level of mRNA
was found in *xantha-f.*26. It is well known that non-sense mutations
cause instability of mRNA in mammalian cells. The phenomenon is called
non-sense mediated mRNA decay´, but the mechanism behind it is not
understood. A very few studies have been performed in plants. Our study
demonstrates that non-sense mediated mRNA decay exists in
monocotyledonous plants like barley. The study explains how mutants with
reduced levels of mRNA will be explored for cloning of the mutated gene
by a microarray approach.

The stock list and genetic information presented in the Barley Genetics
Newsletter 21:102-108 is valid and up-to-date. Requests for stocks
available for distribution are to be either sent to:

Dr. Mats Hansson

Department of Biochemistry

Lund University

Box 124

SE-221 00 Lund, SWEDEN

Phone: +46-46-222 0105

Fax: +46-46-222 4534

E-mail: <Mats.Hansson@biokem.lu.se>

or to

Nordic Gene Bank

Box 41

SE-230 53 Alnarp

Sweden

Phone: +46-40-536640

FAX: +46-40-536650

e-mail: <nordgen@ngb.se>

**New references:**

**Gadjieva, R., E. Axelsson, U. Olsson, J. Vallon-Christersson, and M.
Hansson. 2004**. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in barley mutants allows
the cloning of mutated genes by a microarray approach. Plant Physiol.
Biochem. 42:681-685.

**Olsson, U., N. Sirijovski, and M. Hansson. 2004**. Characterization of
eight barley *xantha-f* mutants deficient in magnesium chelatase. Plant
Physiol. Biochem. 42:557-564.

**Coordinator's report: The Genetic Male**

**Sterile Barley Collection**

**M.C. Therrien**

**Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada**

**Brandon Research Centre**

**Box 1000A, RR#3, Brandon, MB**

**Canada R7A 5Y3**

**E-mail: [MTherrien@agr.gc.ca]{.underline}**

The GMSBC has been at Brandon since 1992. If there are any new sources
of male-sterile genes that you are aware of, please advice me, as this
would be a good time to add any new source to the collection. For a list
of the entries in the collection, simply [E-mail]{.underline} me at the
above adress. I can send the file (14Mb) in Excel format. We continue to
store the collection at -20^o^C and will have small (5 g) samples
available for the asking. Since I have not received any reports or
requests the last years, there is absolutely no summary in my report.

**Coordinator's report: Ear morphology genes**

**Udda Lundqvist**

**SvalöfWeibull AB**

**SE-268 81 Svalöv, Sweden**

**e-mail: [udda@ngb.se]{.underline}**

No new research on gene localization or descriptions on different
morphological genes have been reported since the latest reports in
Barley Genetics Newsletter (BGN). All descriptions made in the volumes
26, 28, 29 and 32 are still up-to-date and valid. The databases of the
Swedish Ear morphology genes have been updated during the last months
and will soon be searchable within International European databases. All
different types and characters with its many alleles of the Swedish ear
morphology genes are found in the SESTO database of the Nordic Gene
Bank. As my possibilities in searching literature are very limited, I
apologize if I am missing any important papers. Please send me notes of
publications or reports to include in next year's reports. Descriptions,
images and graphic chromosome maps displays of the Ear morphology genes
are also available in the AceDB database for Barley Genes and Barley
Genetic Stocks, and they get currently updated. Its address is found by
: [www.untamo.net/bgs]{.underline}

Every research of interest in the field of Ear morphology genes can be
reported to the coordinator as well. Seed requests regarding the Swedish
mutants can be forwarded to the coordinator <udda@ngb.se> or to the
Nordic Gene Bank, <nordgen@ngb.se> , all others to the Small Grain
Germplasm Research Facility (USDA-ARS), Aberdeen, ID 83210, USA,
[anhang@uida.edu](mailto:abhang@uida.edu) or to the coordinator at any
time.

**Coordinator's report: Wheat-barley genetic stocks**

**A.K.M.R. Islam**

**Faculty of Agriculture & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite
Campus,**

**Glen Osmond, S.A. 5064, Australia**

**e-mail: rislam@waite.adelaide.edu.au**

Following last year's report on the selection of six monosomic additions
of *Hordeum marinum* chromosomes to common wheat, presumptive disomic
addition lines of *H. marinum* chromosomes 1Hm, 2Hm, 4Hm, 5Hm and 7Hm
have been produced. Four ditelosomic addition lines obtained as well are
yet to be characterised. Apart from *H. marinum*, it has also been
possible to produce an amphiploid of *H. intercedens* with common wheat
(Islam and Colmer, unpublished).

**Coordinator's report: Semidwarf genes**

**J.D. Franckowiak**

**Department of Plant Sciences**

**North Dakota State University**

**Fargo, ND 58105, USA.**

**e-mail: j.franckowiak@ndsu.nodak.edu**

Spielmeyer *et al*., (2004) reported on the barley genes in the
metabolic pathway for gibberellic acid (GA) in barley. The
characterization of genes involved in GA biosynthesis and its
stimulation of cell elongation in barley, wheat, and rice is considered
the first step in determining whether specific dwarfing genes in barley
involve defective GA metabolism. Eleven genes potentially account for
the six enzymes in the core GA biosynthetic pathway. The *HvKAO1*
(*ent*-Kaurenoic acid oxidase 1) gene was associated with mutants at the
*grd5* (GA responsive dwarf 5) locus in Himalaya barley (Helliwell *et
al*., 2001). The *HvKO1* (*ent*-Kaurene oxidase 1) gene was associated
with mutants at the *grd3* locus (Spielmeyer *et al*., 2004). Both loci
were mapped to chromosome 7H. Other pathway genes were mapped, but not
associated with specific mutant phenotypes.

MlČochová *et al*., (2004) conducted a molecular marker study of the
semidwarf mutant Diamant and its parental cultivar Valticky. Using14
European cultivars, MlČochová *et al*., (2004) analyzed AFLP (amplified
fragment length polymorphism) bands and SRRs (simple sequence repeats).
For the 1591AFLP bands, 42.1% were polymorphic among cultivars and 11.4%
were polymorphic between Valticky and Diamant. Of the 122 SSRs, 72.7%
were polymorphic among cultivar and 42.8% between Valticky and Diamant.
Thus, it is unlikely that Diamant was derived directly as a Valticky
mutant.

MlČochová *et al*., (2004) summarized information showing that the
*denso* or *sdw1.d* gene from Diamant is one of the most successful
induced mutants in barley. Over 120 European spring barley cultivars
have Diamant in their parentage and probably have the denso dwarf. In
contrast, the Jotun mutant, *sdw1.a*, has been used to a very limited
extent in North America. This difference in utilization can be partially
explained by the lower vigor of cultivars with the Jotun gene, which is
expressed in 'Bowman' backcross-derived near-isogenic lines for the two
mutants. (Franckowiak, unpublished). Both mutants are associated with
delayed heading, especially in short-day environments. Since heading
date is more critical in continental environments, the delayed heading
associated with *sdw1* mutants may influence their utilization in North
America.

**References:**

**Helliwell, C.A., P.M. Chandler, A. Poole, E.S. Dennis, and W.J.
Peacock. 2001.** The CYP88A cytochrome P450, *ent*-kaurenoic acid
oxidase, catalzes three steps of the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:2065-2070.

**MlČochová, L., O. Chloupek, R. Uptmoor, F. Ordon, and W. Friedt.
2004.** Molecular analysis of the barley cv. 'Valticky' and its
X-ray-derived semidwarf-mutant 'Diamant'. Plant Breed. 123:421-427.

**Spielmeyer, W., M. Ellis, M. Robertson, S. Ali, J.R. Lenton, and P.M.
Chandler. 2004.** Isolation of gibberellin metabolic pathway genes from
barley and comparative mapping in barley, wheat and rice. Theor. Appl.
Genet. 109:847-855.

**Coordinator's report: Early maturity genes**

**Udda Lundqvist**

**SvalöfWeibull AB**

**SE-268 81 Svalöv, Sweden**

**e-mail:** <udda@ngb.se>

Franckowiak *et al*. (2004) reported at the International Barley
Genetics Symposium in Brno, Czech Republic, regarding identifying genes
that controlls heading date and reviewed some principles of the existing
genes. Photoperiod sensitive genes are commonly called early maturity
(*eam*) or praematurum (*mat*) genes. The *Eam1* gene is frequently
present in wild barley, winter and spring cultivars. It is expressed
only under long day conditions. The *Eam5* and *eam9* genes confer
earliness under short-day conditions. The *Eam6* gene confers early
heading under both long- and short-day conditions. It exhibits additive
interactions with *Eam1*, *Eam5* and *eam9*. The *eam8* gene acts as
day-length neutral. The *Eam11* gene, a long-day gene, is present in
most two-row breeding cultivars. The *eam10, mat-f* and *mat-i* genes
are early under most conditions. The long-day genes *Eam1*, *Eam6* and
*Eam11* genes are located in chromosome 2H near QTLs for resistance
Fusarium head blight. The last two ones are near the six-row typed 1
(*vrs1*) locus.

All detailed descriptiions made in the different volumes of Barley
Genetics Newsletter (26, 28, 29 and 32) are still up-to-date and valid.
They are also available in the AceDB database for Barley Genes and
Barley Genetic Stocks and found under address:
[www.untamo.net/bgs](http://www.untamo.net/bgs).

Every research of interest in the field of Early maturity genes can be
reported to the coordinator as well. Seed requests regarding the Swedish
mutants can be forwarded to the coordinator or directly to the Nordic
Gene Bank, <nordgen@ngb.se>, all others to the Small Grain Germplasm
Research Facikity USDA-ARS), Aberdeen, ID 83210, USA.

**Reference:**

**Franckowiak, J.D., N.N. Krasheninnik, and G.T. Yu. 2004.** Identifying
Genes Controlling Heading Date in Spring Barley. *In*: J. Spunar and. J.
Janikova (eds,), Barley Genetics IX. Book of Abstracts, Proc. Ninth Int.
Barley Genet. Symp., Brno, Czech Republic, June 20-26, 2004. Czech
Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 40:44.