**Frequently Asked Questions about GOADS-2008**

1.  **How do I access the GOADS-2008 program and User's Guide?**

> The program and User's Guide can be downloaded from:
> <http://www.gomr.mms.gov/homepg/regulate/environ/airquality/goads.html>.
>
> They were made available at the October 24, 2007, workshop in New
> Orleans.

2.  **How can I find my MMS Company Number?**

> You can look up your company number at:
>
> <http://www.gomr.mms.gov/homepg/pubinfo/freeasci/freedesc.html>

3.  **How can I find my Complex and Structure ID numbers assigned by
    MMS?**

> Complex and structure IDs can be obtained from:
>
> <http://www.gomr.mms.gov/homepg/pubinfo/freeasci/freedesc.html>

4.  **Do I have to report ALL of my structures, or can some be
    excluded?**

> On the structure screen, you are given the option to identify a
> platform as a minor source, and be exempt from reporting. Living
> quarters can be excluded, as well as single well caissons, wellhead
> protectors, and satellite platforms that have only fugitive emissions
> (i.e., no flares, dehydrators, amine units, fired vessels or internal
> combustion engines). Platforms, as above, with a minimal (5 or less)
> amount of small gas driven pumps/bleeding controllers and single
> cranes that run intermittently (avg. 1 hr. per week) can also be
> excluded. Also, platforms with fugitives and a diesel crane that
> operate intermittently (e.g., average usage less than 30 hours per
> month) can be excluded. You are asked to describe the type of exempt
> minor source if it's not a living quarter, caisson, or wellhead
> protector.

5.  **What are the similarities between GOADS-2005 and GOADS-2008?**

> MMS is requesting that you track monthly activities for variables
> needed to calculate emissions, and provide the data in one annual
> submittal.
>
> The same emission sources are covered, with the exception of loading
> operations, which have been removed. In addition, essentially the same
> monthly activity data are required for the following sources (see
> Table 1):
>
> Amine units
>
> Boilers/heaters/burners
>
> Diesel and gasoline engines
>
> Drilling rigs
>
> Combustion flares
>
> Fugitive sources
>
> Glycol dehydrators
>
> Losses from flashing
>
> Mud degassing
>
> Natural gas engines
>
> Natural gas turbines
>
> Pneumatic pumps
>
> Pressure/level controllers
>
> Storage tanks
>
> Cold vents
>
> The program performs the same type of QC checks when the monthly data
> are saved.
>
> The same QA Summary Form is to be printed out and submitted to MMS
> with the annual submittal.

6.  **How do I navigate between being able to add and edit activity data
    and descriptive data?**

> The Edit Activity Data and In Edit Description Data buttons on the
> lower left side of the screen transfer you from one data edit mode to
> the other. If you are editing the monthly activity data, you will see
> the descriptive data but not be able to revise them.
>
> **7.** **Is there any way I can re-use the GOADS-2005 data files for
> this 2008 inventory effort?**
>
> GOADS-2008 has a file import feature for your 2005 data files. You
> need to obtain your 2005 files from MMS, however, because the
> GOADS-2008 program structure is slightly different. After importing
> the data files, you need to create records for new structures and
> equipment that were not in place in 2005. You also need to closely
> review and edit the imported 2005 data to make sure they reflect
> operations for 2008.

**8. Does MMS have any guidance on how to populate the cold vent
screen?**

> To begin with, for equipment that is vented remotely to a cold vent,
> create the cold vent record FIRST. If a vent ID is not entered, the
> program will automatically assume the equipment is vented locally.
>
> Note that vented emissions are NOT combusted. If emissions are
> combusted, create a Combustion Flare record.
>
> It is important to make sure that your monthly volume vented and
> flared total are consistent with your monthly OGOR-reported value. MMS
> will review both data submittals for consistency.

Table 1. Monthly Equipment Activity Data Required

+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Equipment Type                    | Monthly Activity Data             |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Amine units                       | Hours operated                    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Processed throughput              |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Boilers/heaters/burners           | Hours operated                    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Total fuel used                   |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Diesel and gasoline engines       | Hours operated                    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Total fuel used                   |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Drilling operations               | Hours operated                    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Total diesel fuel usage           |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Total gasoline fuel usage         |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Total natural gas fuel usage      |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Combustion flares                 | Hours operated                    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Total volume flared including     |
|                                   | upsets                            |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Glycol dehydrators                | Hours operated                    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Processed throughput              |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Losses from flashing              | Operating pressure upstream of    |
|                                   | vessel                            |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Operating temperature upstream of |
|                                   | vessel                            |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Operating pressure of vessel      |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Operating temperature of vessel   |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Oil/condensate throughput         |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | SCF of flash/barrel               |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Mud degassing                     | Days per month drilling with mud  |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Natural gas engines               | Hours operated                    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Total fuel used                   |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Natural gas turbines              | Hours operated                    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Total fuel used                   |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Pneumatic pumps                   | Hours operated                    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Fuel usage rate                   |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Pressure/level controllers        | Hours operated                    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Fuel usage rate                   |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Storage tanks                     | Average liquid height             |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Bulk liquid temperature           |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | API gravity                       |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Reid vapor pressure               |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Product throughput                |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Average mole weight of VOC        |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Average % by weight of VOC        |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Cold vents                        | Vent gas VOC concentration        |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Hours operated including upsets   |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Volume vented including upsets    |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Vent gas H2S concentration        |
|                                   |                                   |
|                                   | Average mole weight of VOC        |
+-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+

> **9. Does MMS have any guidance on how to populate the combustion
> flare screen?**
>
> To begin with, for equipment that is flared remotely, create the flare
> record FIRST. If a flare ID is not entered, the program will
> automatically assume the equipment is flared locally.
>
> Note that flared emissions are combusted. If emissions are not
> combusted, create a Cold Vent record.
>
> It is important to make sure that your monthly volume vented and
> flared total are consistent with your monthly OGOR-reported value. MMS
> will review both data submittals for consistency.

10. **Does MMS have any guidance on how to populate the losses from the
    flashing screen?**

> The preferred data for this screen are to supply data for \"SCF of
> flash per bbl of oil\" along with the \"Type of vessel,\" \"API
> gravity of stored oil\" and the \"Oil/Condensate throughput.\" No data
> are needed for the operating pressures and temperatures of the vessels
> if these data are supplied in GOADS.
>
> An operator can obtain these data using the following methods:

-   Direct measurement

-   Vasquez-Beggs Correlation Equations (SPE Paper 6719)

> > [www.nmenv.state.nm.us/aqb/Vasquez-Beggs-Flashing-Calculations.xls](http://www.nmenv.state.nm.us/aqb/Vasquez-Beggs-Flashing-Calculations.xls).

-   Griswold and Ambler GOR Chart Method (SPE Paper 7175)

<http://www.epa.gov/gasstar/pdf/lessons/ll_final_vap.pdf>

-   Pressurized oil sample and measurement of gas-to-oil ratio (GOR) in
    lab

-   American Petroleum Institute\'s (API) E&P TANK Version 2 software

-   Process simulators such as HYSYS or PROSIM

> Flash gas is natural gas liberated when crude oil and condensate
> undergo a pressure drop. There are many areas in the production, gas
> processing and transmission processes where flash gas is generated and
> vented to the atmosphere, including:

-   Intermediate Flash: high/intermediate-pressure separators that send
    crude oil and condensate to a low-pressure separator. This
    low-pressure separator operates at a pressure greater than
    atmospheric pressure and may vent directly to the atmosphere. A
    heater treater may also be utilized in an intermediate flash
    situation. (See diagram below.)

-   Fixed Roof Storage Tanks: high/low-pressure crude oil and condensate
    are flashed into tanks operating at atmospheric pressure. (See
    diagram below.)

> Note that for storage tanks, emissions from flashing are in addition
> to working and breathing emissions.
>
> Below is a diagram of possible flash losses and routes for the flash
> gas.

![](media/image1.png){width="6.831944444444445in"
height="4.270138888888889in"}

> For each stage of flash (e.g., low-pressure separator oil to heater
> treater) that is vented to the atmosphere (locally or to remote vent)
> or flared (locally or to remote flare), the operator should give the
> following data:

-   Type of vessel (high-pressure separator, low-pressure separator,
    heater treater, surge tank, storage tank).

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   API gravity of stored oil

-   Operating pressure of vessel that has flash gas that is vented or
    flared

-   Operating temperature of vessel that has flash gas that is vented or
    flared.

-   Oil/Condensate throughput

-   Operating pressure of vessel upstream of vessel with flash gas that
    is vented or flared

-   Operating temperature of vessel upstream of vessel with flash gas
    that is vented or flared.

-   If available, the \"SCF of flash per bbl of oil\" can be entered
    along with the \"Type of vessel,\" \"API gravity of the stored oil\"
    and \"Oil/Condensate Throughput.\" If the \"SCF of flash per bbl of
    oil\" is entered, then the company does not have to enter the
    operating pressures and temperatures of the vessels.

> For example, an operator has a low-pressure separator (LP) that sends
> its oil to a heater treater (HT), which dumps its oil to an
> atmospheric storage tank (T-1) that vents its flash gas to the
> atmosphere locally. The low-pressure separator sends its flash gas to
> the suction of the onsite compressor (i.e., the system). The heater
> treater vents its flash gas remotely to the low-pressure vent system.
> The operator would create two flash records, say FLASH-1 and FLASH-2.
> On FLASH-1, enter data for the flash between the LP to HT flash, and
> on FLASH-2, enter data for the flash between the HT and T-1 flash.
> Since the LP separator sends its gas to the onsite compressor, this
> flash is not vented to the atmosphere (or flared) and would not be
> reported.

11. **Does MMS have any guidance on how to populate the fuel combustion
    screens?**

> Diesel average heating value: average = 19,300 Btu/lb
>
> Natural gas average heating value = 1,050 Btu/scf
>
> Gasoline average heating value = 20,300 Btu/lb
>
> To calculate total fuel used, see equations in the User's Guide (and
> help screens) for diesel and gasoline engines,
> boilers/heaters/burners, natural gas engines, and natural gas
> turbines.

12. **Sometimes the requested data are grayed out and I cannot edit
    them. Why is this?**

> GOADS-2008 will not let you see data that you have entered that are in
> conflict with other data and selections you have made. For example, if
> you indicate that a piece of equipment is vented locally and enter
> details on the local vent, the program will save the information. If
> you then change the equipment to be vented remotely (where details on
> the remote vent are recorded on the cold vent screen instead), the
> local vent data will be "grayed out" so you know that MMS will ignore
> the local vent data and use the remote vent information instead of the
> local vent information.
>
> **13. Does MMS have any guidance on how to populate the fugitives
> screen?**
>
> The following information is from the User's Guide and help screen:
> Average VOC weight percent of fugitives -- The average VOC content of
> fugitive emissions for the inventoried components and the selected
> stream type. You may find it beneficial to use the following
> information as a starting point (Table 2).

Table 2. Speciation Fractions for Total Hydrocarbon (THC) Emissions By
Stream Type

  ------------------ -------- --------------- --------------- --------------
  THC Fraction       Gas      Light Oil\      Heavy Oil\      Water/Oil\*
                              ( 20 API        (20 API         
                              Gravity)        Gravity)        

  Methane            0.945    0.612           0.942           0.612

  Volatile Organic   0.0137   0.296           0.030           0.296
  Compounds (VOC)                                             
  ------------------ -------- --------------- --------------- --------------

Source: API, 1996. Calculation Workbook for Oil and Gas Production
Equipment Fugitive Emissions.

> The following information provided by the Offshore Operators Committee
> may also be helpful in compiling a component count (Table 3):

Table 3. Summary of Equipment Inventory Data (Number of Components) by
Skid Type

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 28%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
<col style="width: 3%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th>Skid Type</th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Valves</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Pump Seals</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Threaded</p>
<p>Connections</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Flanges</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Open Ended Lines</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Compressor Seals*</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Diaphragms</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Drains</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Dump Arms</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Hatches</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Instruments</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Meters</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Pressure Relief Valves</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Polished Rods</p>
</blockquote></th>
<th><blockquote>
<p>Other Relief Valves</p>
</blockquote></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Separator Skid</td>
<td>34</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>73</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Heater Treater Skid</td>
<td>98</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>70</td>
<td>114</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>25</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>LACT Charge Pump Skid</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>9</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>LACT Skid</td>
<td>62</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>75</td>
<td>69</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>34</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Pipeline Pumps Skid</td>
<td>39</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>78</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>70</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Pig Launcher/Receiver Skid</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>14</td>
<td>16</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>9</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Compressor Skid</td>
<td>119</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>113</td>
<td>138</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>69</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>9</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Filter/Separator Skid</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>25</td>
<td>37</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>9</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Gas Dehydration Skid</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>14</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Glycol Regeneration Skid</td>
<td>134</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>110</td>
<td>194</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>45</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Gas Meter</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>11</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Fuel Gas Skid</td>
<td>62</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>85</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Flotation Cell Skid</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>34</td>
<td>70</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Scrubber</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>9</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Amine Unit</td>
<td>226</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>166</td>
<td>391</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>121</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Line Heater</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>46</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Production Manifold</td>
<td>108</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>31</td>
<td>148</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Wellhead</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>11</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Import or Export Pipeline</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>9</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

**14.** **Where can I get information on reducing venting and flaring
emissions?**

> The Natural Gas STAR Program is a flexible, voluntary partnership
> between EPA and the oil and natural gas industry. Through the Program,
> EPA works with companies that produce, process, and transmit and
> distribute natural gas to identify and promote the implementation of
> cost-effective technologies and practices to reduce emissions of
> methane, a potent greenhouse gas. For more information see
> [www.epa.gov/gasstar]{.underline}.

**15.** **What is the average H2S content of pipeline quality gas?**

> For sweet pipeline quality gas, use 4 ppm H2S.
>
> Pipeline quality specifications are usually 0.25 grains H2S per 100
> SCF. One grain of H2S per 100 SCF is equal to 16 ppm.

**16. What are standard conditions?**

> Standard pressure of 14.7 psia and standard temperature of 60°F.

**17. When do I have to report drilling?**

> You must report drilling activities for GOADS 2008 for all:

1.  Platform Rig applications

2.  Any Jack-up rig associated with an Area/Block with existing
    production structures.

**18. How do I allocate fuel to different equipment?**

> Most platforms meter only total fuel (Natural Gas or Diesel) used. To
> allocate fuel to each piece of fuel burning equipment do the
> following:

1.  Calculate the theoretical fuel used for each piece of equipment
    based on the fuel efficiency and hours operated for the month, e.g.
    Btu/hp-hr for engines or MMBtu/hr for heater treaters.

2.  To Calculate Theoretical Fuel Use for Natural Gas Engine, use the
    following formula.

> scf/Month= (Hrs/Month) (hp) (Btu/hp-hr) (scf/1050 Btu)

3.  To Calculate Theoretical Fuel use for Heater/Treater or Burner, use
    the following formula.

> scf/Month= (Hrs/Month) (MMBtu/hr) (scf/1050 Btu) (1,000,000 Btu/MMBtu)

4.  To Calculate Theoretical Fuel Use for Diesel Engine, use the
    following formula.

> Gals/Month= (Hrs/Month) (hp) (Btu/hp-hr) (1lb/19,300 Btu) (1
> gal/7.2558 lb)

**19. What are the surrogate data for?**

> The surrogate data are for use as default data. If you do not have and
> cannot get information about a piece of equipment or scientific data,
> use the surrogate data. MMS has approved these data for your use (See
> Table 4).

**20. How do I convert API Gravity to Specific Gravity?**

> Specific gravity of oil = 141.5/(API gravity + 131.5)

**21. What are the Ideal Gas Law Relationships?**

> Standard Conditions are 14.7 psia and 60 ^o^ F or 520 ^o^ R. Note: ^o^
> R= degrees Rankine =( ^o^ F + 460)
>
> 1 lb-mole of gas occupies approximately 379 standard cubic feet.
>
> **22. How do I calculate the weight in lbs of a gas that has a
> molecular weight of 18 lbs/lb-mole?**
>
> Lbs of gas = (scf)(1 lb-mole/379 scf)(18 lbs gas/lb-mole)
>
> Table 4. Surrogate Stack Parameters Used to Supplement GOADS Data.

+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| # Unit                   | Field            | Default Value          |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Amine Unit-- ventilation | Exit velocity    | Calculated with        |
| system for acid gas from | (ft/sec)         | AMINECalc^a^           |
| reboiler                 |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Amine Unit-- ventilation | Exit temperature | 110 ^o^F               |
| system for acid gas from |                  |                        |
| reboiler                 |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Amine Unit--ventilation  | Combustion       | 1832 ^o^F              |
| system for acid gas from | temperature      |                        |
| reboiler                 |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Boiler/heater/burner --  | Exit temperature | 400 ^o^F               |
| exhaust                  |                  |                        |
|                          |                  |                        |
| System                   |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Boiler/heater/burner --  | Outlet           | 0 degrees              |
| exhaust system           | orientation      |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Boiler/heater/burner --  | Outlet diameter  | 12 inches              |
| exhaust system           |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Boiler/heater/burner --  | Exit velocity    | Calculated             |
| exhaust system           |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Diesel Engine            | Max rated fuel   | 7000 Btu/hp-hr         |
|                          | use              |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Diesel Engine            | Avg fuel use     | 7000 Btu/hp-hr         |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Diesel Engine-- exhaust  | Exit velocity    | Calculated             |
| system                   |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Diesel Engine-- exhaust  | Exit temperature | 900 ^o^F               |
| system                   |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Diesel Engine-- exhaust  | Outlet           | 0 degrees              |
| system                   | orientation      |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Diesel Engine-- exhaust  | Outlet diameter  | 12 inches              |
| system                   |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Flare                    | Combustion       | 1832 ^o^F              |
|                          | temperature      |                        |
|                          | (excluding       |                        |
|                          | upsets)          |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Flare                    | Stack            | 0 degrees              |
|                          | orientation      |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Flare                    | Outlet diameter  | 12 inches              |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Glycol Dehydrator--      | Temperature      | 120 ^o^F               |
| flash tank               |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Glycol Dehydrator--      | Pressure         | 60 psig                |
| flash tank               |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Glycol Dehydrator--      | Exit temperature | GLYCalc default        |
| ventilation system       |                  | (usually               |
|                          |                  |                        |
|                          |                  | 212 ^o^F)^b^           |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Glycol Dehydrator--      | Outlet           | 0 degrees              |
| ventilation system       | orientation      |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Glycol Dehydrator--      | Flare feed rate  | Calculated with        |
| ventilation system       | (scf/hr)         | GLYCalc^b^             |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Glycol Dehydrator--      | Combustion       | 1832 ^o^F              |
| ventilation system       | temperature      |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Glycol Dehydrator--      | Condenser        | 110 ^o^F (or           |
| ventilation system       | temperature      | calculated with        |
|                          |                  | GLYCalc)^b^            |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Glycol Dehydrator--      | Condenser        | 14.8 psia              |
| ventilation system       | pressure         |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Losses from Flashing--   | Exhaust volume   | Calculated             |
| ventilation system       | flow rate        |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Losses from Flashing--   | Exit velocity    | Calculated             |
| ventilation system       |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Losses from Flashing--   | Exit temperature | 70 ^o^F                |
| ventilation system       |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Losses from Flashing--   | Outlet diameter  | Use Tank Vent Outlet   |
| ventilation system       |                  | Diameter               |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Engine       | Max rated fuel   | 7500 Btu/hp-hr         |
|                          | usage            |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Engine       | Avg fuel usage   | 7500 Btu/hp-hr         |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Engine--     | Exit velocity    | Calculated             |
| exhaust system           |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Engine--     | Exit temperature | 4-cycle rich burn:     |
| exhaust system           |                  | 1100 ^o^F              |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Engine--     | Exit temperature | 2-cycle lean burn: 700 |
| exhaust system           |                  | ^o^F                   |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Engine--     | Outlet diameter  | 12 inches              |
| exhaust system           |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Turbine      | Max rated fuel   | 10,000 Btu/hp-hr       |
|                          | use              |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Turbine      | Avg fuel use     | 10,000 Btu/hp-hr       |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Turbine--    | Exit velocity    | Calculated             |
| exhaust system           |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Turbine--    | Outlet diameter  | 12 inches              |
| exhaust system           |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Natural Gas Turbine--    | Exit temperature | 1000 ^o^F              |
| exhaust system           |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Pneumatic Pumps--        | Exit velocity    | Calculated             |
| ventilation system       |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Pneumatic Pumps--        | Exit temperature | 70 ^o^F                |
| ventilation system       |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Pressure/level           | Elevation (above | 50 ft                  |
| Controllers              | sea level)       |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Storage tank -- General  | Roof Height      | 0.0625\*(Tank          |
| Information              | above Shell (ft) | Diameter, ft / 2)      |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Storage tank--           | Exit velocity    | Calculated             |
| ventilation system       |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Storage tank--           | Exit temperature | 70 ^o^F                |
| ventilation system       |                  |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Storage tank--           | Outlet           | 0 degrees              |
| ventilation system       | orientation      |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Unit                     | Field            | Default Value          |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Storage tank--           | Flare feed rate  | Calculated (or use the |
| ventilation system       |                  | calculated storage     |
|                          |                  | tank exhaust vol. flow |
|                          |                  | rate)                  |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Vent                     | Outlet elevation | 50 ft                  |
|                          | (above sea       |                        |
|                          | level)           |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Vent                     | Outlet diameter  | Calculated (average of |
|                          |                  | submitted data)        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Vent                     | Exit temperature | 70 ^o^F                |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Vent                     | Outlet           | 0 degrees              |
|                          | orientation      |                        |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+
| Vent-- upsets            | Exit temperature | 70 ^o^F                |
+--------------------------+------------------+------------------------+

^a^ AMINECalc is released by the Gas Technology Institute as part of the
AIRCalc Air Emissions Inventory Report Management Software Program (GTI
2001)

^b^ GLYCalc is released by the Gas Technology Institute, formerly the
Gas Research Institute (GRI) (GTI 2000)

23. **How do I calculate horsepower of a compressor?**

> Horsepower of Compressor from Discharge, Suction Pressure and
> Compressed Gas Volume
>
> Hp = \[50.5 \* (1.255 / (1.255 - 1)) \* (((Discharge Pressure + 14.7)
> / (Suction Pressure + 14.7)) \^ 0.203) -- 1) \* MMscfd\] + 5% total hp
> for externally driven equipment

24. $\frac{\left\lbrack \left( \text{Average Fuel Usage, SCF/hr} \right) \ast \left( \text{36}\text{.}\text{79 SCF Exhaust Gas/SCF Fuel} \right) \ast \left( 1\text{ hr/3600 sec} \right) \ast \left( \frac{\left( \text{460} + \text{Exit Temperature, deg F} \right)}{\text{520}} \right) \right\rbrack}{3\text{.}\text{1416} \ast \left\lbrack \left( (\text{Stack Diameter, in}\text{.})\text{/12} \right) \ast 0\text{.}5 \right\rbrack^{\text{ 2}}}$**How
    do I calculate Exit Velocity for Boiler/heater/burner, ft/sec?**

25. **How do I calculate Exit Velocity for Diesel Fired Engine,
    ft/sec?**

$\frac{\left\lbrack \left( \text{Average Fuel Rate, gal/hr} \right) \ast \left( \text{2713}\text{.}\text{3  SCF Exhaust Gas/gal Fuel} \right) \ast \left( 1\text{ hr/3600 sec} \right) \ast \left( \frac{\left( \text{460} + \text{Exit Temperature, deg F} \right)}{\text{520}} \right) \right\rbrack}{3\text{.}\text{1416} \ast \left\lbrack \left( (\text{Stack Diameter, in}\text{.})\text{/12} \right) \ast 0\text{.}5 \right\rbrack^{\text{ 2}}}$

26. **How do I calculate Exit Velocity for Flare, ft/sec?**

> $\frac{\left( \text{Volumetric Fuel Rate,SCF/hr} \right) \ast \left\lbrack \left( \text{10}\text{.}\text{52 SCF Exhaust Gas/SCF Fuel} \right) \ast \left( 1\text{ hr/3600 sec} \right) \ast \left( \frac{\left( \text{460} + \text{Exit Temperature, deg F} \right)}{\text{520}} \right) \right\rbrack}{3\text{.}\text{1416} \ast \left\lbrack \left( (\text{Stack Diameter, in}\text{.})\text{/12} \right) \ast 0\text{.}5 \right\rbrack^{\text{ 2}}}$

$\frac{\left( \text{Oil/Condensate Throughput, bbl/yr} \right) \ast \left( \text{Standard cubic feet of flash per barrel of oil, SCF/bbl} \right)}{\text{Hours Operated, hr/yr}}$**27
How do I calculate Flashing Exhaust Vol. Flow Rate, scf/hr?**

$\frac{\left( \text{Volume Vented, excluding upsets, Mscf/month} \right) \ast \left( \text{1000} \right)}{\text{Hours Operated, excluding upsets, hr/month}}$**28
How do I calculate Vent Exhaust Vol. Flow Rate, scf/hr?**

> $\frac{\left( \text{Exhaust Vol}\text{.}\text{ Flow Rate, SCF/hr} \right) \ast \left( \left( \text{460} + \text{Exit Temperature, deg F} \right)\text{deg}\frac{R}{\text{520 deg R}} \right)}{\left( \text{3600 sec/hr} \right) \ast \left\lbrack 3\text{.}\text{1416} \ast \left\lbrack \left( (\text{Stack Diameter, in}\text{.})\text{/12} \right) \ast 0\text{.}5 \right\rbrack^{\text{ 2}} \right\rbrack}$**29.
> How do I calculate Exit Velocity (applicable for Flashing Losses,
> Glycol Dehydrators, Pneumatic Pumps, Storage Tanks, and Vents),
> ft/sec?**

30. **How do I calculate Exit Velocity for Rich-burn, Natural Gas Fired
    Engine, ft/sec?**

> $\frac{\left\lbrack \left( \text{Average Fuel Rate, SCF/hr} \right) \ast \left( \text{10}\text{.}\text{52 SCF Exhaust Gas/SCF Fuel} \right) \ast \left( 1\text{ hr/3600 sec} \right) \ast \left( \frac{\left( \text{460} + \text{Exit Temperature, deg F} \right)}{\text{520}} \right) \right\rbrack}{3\text{.}\text{1416} \ast \left\lbrack \left( (\text{Stack Diameter, in}\text{.})\text{/12} \right) \ast 0\text{.}5 \right\rbrack^{\text{ 2}}}$
>
> **31. How do I calculate Exit Velocity for Lean-burn, Natural Gas
> Fired Engine, ft/sec?**

$\frac{\left\lbrack \left( \text{Average Fuel Rate, SCF/hr} \right) \ast \left( \text{20}\text{.}\text{08 SCF Exhaust Gas/SCF Fuel} \right) \ast \left( 1\text{ hr/3600 sec} \right) \ast \left( \frac{\left( \text{460} + \text{Exit Temperature, deg F} \right)}{\text{520}} \right) \right\rbrack}{3\text{.}\text{1416} \ast \left\lbrack \left( (\text{Stack Diameter, in}\text{.})\text{/12} \right) \ast 0\text{.}5 \right\rbrack^{\text{ 2}}}$

**32. How do I calculate turbine exit velocity?**

$\frac{\left\lbrack \left( \text{Average Fuel Rate, SCF/hr} \right) \ast \left( \text{36}\text{.}\text{79 SCF Exhaust Gas/SCF Fuel} \right) \ast \left( 1\text{ hr/3600 sec} \right) \ast \left( \frac{\left( \text{460} + \text{Exit Temperature, deg F} \right)}{\text{520}} \right) \right\rbrack}{3\text{.}\text{1416} \ast \left\lbrack \left( (\text{Stack Diameter, in}\text{.})\text{/12} \right) \ast 0\text{.}5 \right\rbrack^{\text{ 2}}}$

> **33a. Do we need to report the diesel and jet fuel
> horizontal/cylindrical) tanks that supply fuels for generators and
> helicopter? They are not crude nor condensate.**
>
> **33b. Are there any tanks exempt from reporting due to size,
> capacity, material, or throughput? E.g. are corrosion inhibitor tanks
> exempt? Are methanol tanks less than 1000 gallons exempt?**
>
> Only storage tanks for crude oil and condensate are required to report
> under GOADS 2008. There is no exemption from reporting based on size,
> capacity, or throughput though.
>
> **34. Is the subject drilling that is conducted in an Area/Block with
> existing subsea production well exempt? Or any type of drilling in an
> area/block with existing subsea production well?**
>
> Any drilling activities that are not associated with a platform are
> covered in the non-platform inventory, with data we will obtain from
> the MMS Operations Analysis Branch. It should not, therefore, be
> included in the GOADS-2008 submittal.
>
> **35a. Can floatation cell emissions be categorized as \"LP Cold
> Vent\" emissions? There\'s a constant gas supply to this floatation
> cell to separate oil & water and vapors are vented locally.**
>
> **35b. Will the MMS require the reporting of flash emissions from skim
> tanks? Produced water from 3-phase separators, chemelectric treaters
> and sumps are routed to skim tanks where the oil entrapped in the
> water is allowed to separate and is skimmed off. The amount of oil is
> at most a few barrels per day so the flash losses would be
> negligible.**
>
> **35c. How to estimate the losses from flashing for the O/W skimmer?
> Typically, the water drawoff from the HP Separator goes to the O/W
> skimmer and mostly water. I know the oil/condensate API coming out of
> O/W skimmer and its operating pressure, but the its oil/condensate
> flow is typically NOT measured and very small? How can I estimate the
> losses from flashing of the O/W skimmer? Is there a typical volume %
> (that should be very small) of the oil/condensate from the O/W skimmer
> versus the total condensate to sales which is metered?**
>
> For GOADS 2008, MMS is not requiring data for produced water
> separation equipment (e.g., flotation cells).
>
> **36. Do I need to count the vents and valves on storage tanks in the
> fugitive component count?**
>
> No, when you create a storage tank equipment record, the tank
> emissions will be accounted for.
>
> **37. I have found that several emission sources have dual exhaust
> stacks. The diameters of the stacks are the same but the heights and
> orientations are different. When reporting the source exhaust
> information in GOADS how do we handle dual exhaust stacks?**
>
> Report each exhaust stack separately as an emission source. For
> example, if you have a line heater with 2 exhaust stacks, you can code
> them as Heater 1 Exhaust 1 and Heater 1 Exhaust 2.
>
> **38. Does the level low or high shutdown (LSL or LSH) count as one
> level control instrument? For example, an O/W separator normally has
> three LSL/LSH and two level controllers for oil and water. Do I count
> it as 5 or 2 level controllers?**
>
> Count them as 5.
>
> **39. How does ERG/MMS intend to use exit velocity? It seems exit
> velocity is a function of production, therefore will be valid when
> operators begin submitting production volumes. Given other data such
> as size of exhaust pipe, flow rate, temperature, pressure and hours
> vented, exit velocity seems redundant.**
>
> Exit velocity is needed in air quality modeling, and is used by MMS as
> a QA/QC tool for the other reported variables. Calculations for exit
> velocity can be found at:
>
> <http://www.gomr.mms.gov/homepg/regulate/environ/airquality/goads.html>
>
> **40. How does ERG/MMS advise GOADS users to allocate fuel usage to
> controls, safety devices and pneumatic equipment. For example, an
> operator can report total platform fuel usage. The fuel usage (and
> exhaust) can be accounted for operating 6 PC, 4 LC, and 4 pneumatic
> pumps, however, specific fuel usage numbers is not readily available
> or difficult to mathematically determine. How should GOADS users
> account for this fuel usage?**
>
> For pneumatic pumps and pressure/level controllers, you don\'t have to
> report the fuel usage rate if you can\'t determine it from the
> information you have on the equipment. We can find the information if
> you provide make and model. Make and model are the most important
> pieces of information needed, along with hours of operation.
>
> **41. Does MMS have certain guidelines to determine if oil is crude or
> condensate?**
>
> Condensate is a liquid hydrocarbon that lies in a range between oil
> and gas and is almost always produced along with gas in the Gulf of
> Mexico. API gravity values for condensate are generally within the
> range of 50 to 120 (Handbook of Oil Industry Terms and Phrases, R.D.
> Langenkamp, 1988). A review of liquid commingling systems in the Gulf
> of Mexico for the year 1995 indicated 37 major pipeline systems
> carrying condensate liquids. API gravity data for these pipeline
> systems in the Gulf of Mexico ranged from 42 to 68. Thus, API gravity
> values overlap for light crudes and heavy condensates.
>
> **42. If a structure with separators, tanks, compressors, etc. is
> going to be out of service throughout 2008 does a report have to be
> submitted?**
>
> No, no GOADS submittal is required if the structure is out of service
> the entire year.
>
> **43. Is the subject sales gas data available for each platform in
> MMS, if yes where is it? Can I use the data that were imported from
> 2005?**
>
> Most companies will have a recent sales gas analysis for each facility
> and/or field that can be used. These data are typically available from
> the production and accounting departments. You should not use the data
> from 2005. You should use a current sales gas analysis.
>
> **44. Do we need to count the new platforms that startup during the
> reporting year? E.g. if they start up in March, September, or
> December?**
>
> Yes, you need to report any platforms that operate any time during
> calendar year 2008.
>
> **45. A facility has a vent header and vent boom and also has
> pressured vessels that vent locally. How do we report in GOADS? VEN-01
> would be the existing Flare Boom. Would we then continue with VEN-02
> for say HP Separator #2, VEN-03 for LP Separator, etc.? The only time
> these vessels would vent would be for emergency relief, but they would
> not vent to the existing header.**
>
> That type of ID convention will work fine in GOADS, but remember you
> don't create a Vent ID for sources that vent locally. It is most
> important to make sure you track all local vents, and don\'t double
> report what is vented to the existing header.
>
> **46. Is the exhaust for the small pneumatic injection pumps listed as
> a vent location if the exhaust is not piped to a remote location? Also
> is this referred to as a cold vent?**
>
> All pneumatic pumps should be entered as \"Pneumatic Pumps.\" They
> would not be considered cold vents, but could be routed to a cold
> vent.
>
> Under the \"Ventilation System\" tab is where the user should list
> where the gas is vented to - vented locally, flare locally, vented
> remotely, flare remotely or routed to system.
>
> **47. I do not have information to estimate fuel gas consumption for
> my PC/LC Controllers.**
>
> If you can\'t get the information from the manufacturer, just leave it
> blank. ERG and MMS will develop surrogate values.
>
> **48. I have a separator that routes to a condensate storage tank at
> atmospheric pressure which, in turn, vents to the atmosphere. If I
> report flashing losses from the separator to this tank and also report
> a storage tank, then does that cause double counting of the
> emissions?**
>
> No. You would indicate on the ventilation tabs of both the flashing
> losses screen and the storage tank screen that the emissions are
> vented locally. The calculations for the storage tank do not include
> flashing emissions, only working and breathing emissions.
>
> **49. Some of my engines have much larger fuel usages than your
> recommended Max Rated Fuel Use for the diesel, natural gas engines
> (7,000 Btu/hp-hr) and turbines (10,000 Btu/hp-hr). What values should
> I use? If I use my actual values, I think the software will give an
> error?**
>
> Please enter the actual values for your equipment. If you trigger a QC
> error message, you can use the comment field to indicate the value is
> valid for the equipment.
>
> **50. How do I specify on the glycol dehydrator ventilation system tab
> that the still column vent is processed by a VRU and not a vent or
> flare?**
>
> On the glycol dehydrator General Information tab, you are asked for
> the Destination of the Flash gas. Enter routed back into the system.

**51. What is the expected MW of VOCs in a gas stream containing 95%
methane and 2% ethane with the other 3% VOCs. These % are in mole or
volume %. The mole wt. of the gas is between 16 - 17.**

> A good average would be about 44.

**52. I don\'t see a need to report a storage tank that its vent goes to
a vapor recovery unit which is running by electricity? Is this
correct?**

> You need to report this tank, and select \"Vapor Recovery and/or
> Condenser\" as the Installed Control Equipment on the Ventilation
> System tab. When we calculate emissions, our program will make
> adjustments for the SRU.