**November 21, 1997**

**Contract \# TW-0928**

SPECIAL SPECIFICATION

SECTION 05521-S

[PIPE AND TUBE RAILINGS]{.underline}

[Page]{.underline}

[PART 1 - GENERAL]{.underline}

1.01 Summary 2

1.02 Performance Requirements 2

1.03 Submittals 3

1.04 Quality Assurance 4

1.05 Project Conditions 4

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.01 Metals 5

2.02 Welding Materials, Fasteners, and Anchors 5

2.03 Paint 6

2.04 Grout 6

2.05 Fabrication 7

2.06 Finishes, General 8

2.07 Steel Finishes 9

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 Preparation 10

3.02 Installation, General 10

3.03 Railing Connections 11

3.04 Attaching Handrails to Walls 11

3.05 Adjusting and Cleaning 12

3.06 Protection 12

SPECIAL SPECIFICATION

SECTION 05521-S

[PIPE AND TUBE RAILINGS]{.underline}

[PART 1 - GENERAL]{.underline}

1.01 [SUMMARY]{.underline}

> A. This Section includes steel pipe and tube handrails and railing
> systems.
>
> B. Related Sections:
>
> 1\. Division 5 Section \"Metal Stairs\" for steel pipe handrails and
> railing systems included with metal stairs.
>
> 2\. Division 9 Section "Painting."

1.02 [PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS]{.underline}

> A. General: In engineering handrail and railing systems to withstand
> structural loads indicated, determine allowable design working
> stresses of materials based on the following:
>
> 1\. Cold-Formed Structural Steel: AISI \"Specification for the Design
> of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members.\"
>
> B. Structural Performance of Handrails and Railing Systems: Engineer,
> fabricate, and install handrails and railing systems to comply with
> requirements of ASTM E 985 for structural performance.
>
> 1\. Structural computations.
>
> C. Structural Performance of Handrails and Railing Systems: Engineer,
> fabricate, and install handrails and railing systems to withstand the
> following structural loads without exceeding the allowable design
> working stress of the materials for handrails, railing systems,
> anchors, and connections. Apply each load to produce the maximum
> stress in each of the respective components comprising handrails and
> railing systems.
>
> 1\. Top Rail of Guardrail Systems: Capable of withstanding the
> following loads applied as indicated:

a.  Concentrated load of 200 lbf applied at any point and in any
    direction.

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b.  Uniform load of 50 lbf per linear foot applied horizontally and
    concurrently with uniform load of 100 lbf per linear foot applied
    vertically downward.

> c\. Concentrated and uniform loads above need not be assumed to act
> concurrently.
>
> 2\. Handrails Not Serving as Top Rails: Capable of withstanding the
> following loads applied as indicated:

a.  Concentrated load of 200 lbf applied at any point and in any
    direction.

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b.  Uniform load of 50 lbf per linear foot applied in any direction.

> c\. Concentrated and uniform loads above need not be assumed to act
> concurrently.
>
> 3\. Infill Area of Guardrail Systems: Capable of withstanding a
> horizontal concentrated load of 200 lbf applied to 1 sq. ft. at any
> point in the system including panels, intermediate rails, balusters,
> or other elements composing the infill area.
>
> a\. Above load need not be assumed to act concurrently with loads on
> top rails of railing systems in determining stress on guard.
>
> D. Thermal Movements: Allow for thermal movement resulting from the
> following maximum change (range) in ambient temperature in
> engineering, fabricating, and installing handrails and railing systems
> to prevent buckling, opening of joints, overstressing of components
> and connections, and other detrimental effects. Base engineering
> calculation on actual surface temperatures of materials due to both
> solar heat gain and nighttime sky heat loss.
>
> 1\. Temperature Change (Range): 120 deg F ambient 180 deg F material
> surfaces.
>
> E. Control of Corrosion: Prevent galvanic action and other forms of
> corrosion by insulating metals and other materials from direct contact
> with incompatible materials.

1.03 [SUBMITTALS]{.underline}

> A. Submit according to provisions of Section 01300.
>
> B. Product data for mechanically connected handrails and railing
> systems, each kind of fitting, grout, anchoring cement, and paint
> products.
>
> C. Shop drawings showing fabrication and installation of handrails and
> railing systems including plans, elevations, sections, details of
> components, and attachments to other units of Work.
>
> 1\. For installed handrails and railing systems indicated to comply
> with certain design loadings, include structural analysis data sealed
> and signed by the qualified professional engineer who was responsible
> for their preparation.

1.04 [QUALITY ASSURANCE]{.underline}

> A. Single-Source Responsibility: Obtain handrails and railing systems
> of each type and material from a single manufacturer.
>
> B. Engineer Qualifications: Professional engineer legally authorized
> to practice in the state of New Mexico and experienced in providing
> engineering services of the kind indicated for handrails and railing
> systems similar to this Project in material, design, and extent, and
> that have a record of successful in-service performance.

1.05 [PROJECT CONDITIONS]{.underline}

> A. Field Measurements: Where handrails and railing systems are
> indicated to fit to other construction, check actual dimensions of
> other construction by accurate field measurements before fabrication;
> show recorded measurements on final shop drawings. Coordinate
> fabrication schedule with construction progress to avoid delaying the
> Work.

[PART 2 - PRODUCTS]{.underline}

2.01 [METALS]{.underline}

> A. General: Provide metals free from surface blemishes where exposed
> to view in the finished unit. Exposed-to-view surfaces exhibiting
> pitting, seam marks, roller marks, stains, discolorations, or other
> imperfections on finished units are not acceptable.
>
> B. Steel and Iron: Provide steel and iron in the form indicated,
> complying with the following requirements:
>
> 1\. Steel Pipe: ASTM A 53; finish, type, and weight class as follows:
>
> a\. Black finish.
>
> b\. Galvanized finish for exterior installations and where indicated.
>
> c\. Type F, or Type S, Grade A, standard weight (schedule 40), or
> another weight, type, and grade required by structural loads.
>
> 2\. Steel Tubing: Product type (manufacturing method) and other
> requirements as follows:

a\. Hot-Formed Steel Tubing: ASTM A 501.

3.  Steel Plates, Shapes, and Bars: ASTM A 36.

4.  Gray Iron Castings: ASTM A 48, Class 30.

> 5\. Malleable Iron Castings: ASTM A 47, Grade 32510.
>
> C. Brackets, Flanges, and Anchors: Cast or formed metal of the same
> material and finish as supported rails.

2.02 [WELDING MATERIALS, FASTENERS, AND ANCHORS]{.underline}

> A. Welding Electrodes and Filler Metal: Provide type and alloy of
> filler metal and electrodes as recommended by producer of metal to be
> welded and as required for color match, strength, and compatibility in
> fabricated items.
>
> B. Fasteners for Anchoring Railings to Other Construction: Select
> fasteners of the type, grade, and class required to produce
> connections that are suitable for anchoring railings to other types of
> construction indicated and capable of withstanding design loadings.
>
> C. Fasteners for Interconnecting Railing Components: Use fasteners of
> same basic metal as the fastened metal. Do not use metals that are
> corrosive or incompatible with materials joined.

D. Cast-in-Place and Postinstalled Anchors: Anchors of type indicated
below, fabricated from corrosion-resistant materials, capable of
sustaining, without failure, a load equal to 6 times the load imposed
when installed in unit masonry and equal to 4 times the load imposed
when installed in concrete.

2.03 [PAINT]{.underline}

> A. Shop Primer for Ferrous Metal: Fast-curing, lead- and
> chromate-free, universal modified-alkyd primer, selected for good
> resistance to normal atmospheric corrosion, compatibility with finish
> paint systems indicated, and capability to provide a sound foundation
> for field-applied topcoats despite prolonged exposure, complying with
> performance requirements of FS TT-P-664.
>
> B. Bituminous Paint: Cold-applied asphalt mastic complying with
> SSPC-Paint 12, except containing no asbestos fibers.

2.04 [GROUT]{.underline}

> A. Nonshrink, Nonmetallic Grout: Premixed, factory-packaged,
> nonstaining, noncorrosive, nongaseous grout complying with
> ASTM C 1107. Provide grout specifically recommended by manufacturer
> for interior and exterior applications.
>
> B. Products: Provide one of the following: Substitutions only in
> accordance with Specification 1600.
>
> 1\. Nonshrink, Nonmetallic Grouts:

a\. B-6 Construction Grout; W.R. Bonsal Co.

b\. Sure-grip High Performance Grout; Dayton Superior Corp.

c\. Euco N-S Grout; Euclid Chemical Co.

d\. Five Star Grout; Five Star Products.

e\. Crystex; L & M Construction Chemicals, Inc.

f\. Masterflow 928 and 713; Master Builders Technologies, Inc.

g\. Sealtight 588 Grout; W.R. Meadows, Inc.

h\. Sonogrout 14; Sonneborn Building Products\--ChemRex, Inc.

2.05 [FABRICATION]{.underline}

> A. General: Fabricate handrails and railing systems to comply with
> requirements indicated for design, dimensions, details, finish, and
> member sizes, including wall thickness of hollow members, post
> spacings, and anchorage, but not less than those required to support
> structural loads.
>
> B. Assemble handrails and railing systems in the shop to the greatest
> extent possible to minimize field splicing and assembly. Disassemble
> units only as necessary for shipping and handling limitations. Clearly
> mark units for reassembly and coordinated installation. Use
> connections that maintain structural value of joined pieces. Clearly
> mark units for reassembly and coordinated installation.
>
> C. Form changes in direction of members as follows:

1\. By insertion of prefabricated flush elbow fittings.

> D. Welded Connections: Fabricate handrails and railing systems for
> connection of members by welding. For connections made during
> fabrication, weld corners and seams continuously to comply with the
> following:
>
> 1\. Use materials and methods that minimize distortion and develop
> strength and corrosion resistance of base metals.
>
> 2\. Obtain fusion without undercut or overlap.
>
> 3\. Remove welding flux immediately.
>
> 4\. At tee and cross intersections, cope ends of intersecting members
> to fit contour of pipe or tube to which end is joined, and weld all
> around.
>
> 5\. At exposed connections, finish exposed welds and surfaces smooth
> and blended so that no roughness shows after finishing and welded
> surface matches contours of adjoining surfaces.
>
> E. Nonwelded Connections: Fabricate handrails and railing systems by
> connecting members with railing manufacturer\'s standard concealed
> mechanical fasteners and fittings. Fabricate members and fittings to
> produce flush, smooth, rigid, hairline joints.
>
> 1\. Fabricate splice joints for field connection using epoxy
> structural adhesive where this represents manufacturer\'s standard
> splicing method.
>
> F. Brackets, Flanges, Fittings, and Anchors: Provide manufacturer\'s
> standard wall brackets, flanges, miscellaneous fittings, and anchors
> to interconnect handrail and railing system members to other
> construction.
>
> G. Provide inserts and other anchorage devices to connect handrails
> and railing systems to concrete or masonry work. Fabricate anchorage
> devices capable of withstanding loads imposed by handrails and railing
> systems. Coordinate anchorage devices with supporting structure.
>
> H. For railing posts set in concrete, provide preset sleeves of steel,
> not less than 6 inches long with inside dimensions not less than 1/2
> inch greater than outside dimensions of post, and steel plate forming
> bottom closure.
>
> I. Shear and punch metals cleanly and accurately. Remove burrs from
> exposed cut edges.
>
> J. Ease exposed edges to a radius of approximately 1/32 inch. Form
> bent-metal corners to the smallest radius possible without causing
> grain separation.
>
> K. Cut, reinforce, drill, and tap components, as indicated, to receive
> finish hardware, screws, and similar items.
>
> L. Provide wall returns at ends of wall-mounted handrails.
>
> M. Fillers: Provide steel sheet or plate fillers, of thickness and
> size indicated or required to support structural loads of handrails,
> where needed to transfer wall bracket loads through wall finishes to
> structural supports. Size fillers to suit wall finish thicknesses to
> produce adequate bearing to prevent bracket rotation and overstressing
> substrate.

2.06 [FINISHES, GENERAL]{.underline}

> A. Comply with NAAMM \"Metal Finishes Manual\" for recommendations
> relative to applying and designating finishes.
>
> B. Protect mechanical finishes on exposed surfaces from damage by
> applying a strippable, temporary protective covering prior to
> shipment.
>
> C. Appearance of Finished Work: Variations in appearance of abutting
> or adjacent pieces are acceptable if they are within one half of the
> range of approved samples. Noticeable variations in the same piece are
> not acceptable. Variations in appearance of other components are
> acceptable if they are within the range of approved samples and they
> are assembled or installed to minimize contrast.
>
> D. Provide exposed fasteners with finish matching appearance,
> including color and texture, of handrails and railing systems.

2.07 [STEEL FINISHES]{.underline}

> A. Galvanized Finish: Hot-dip galvanize items indicated to be
> galvanized to comply with applicable standard listed below:
>
> 1\. ASTM A 153 for galvanizing iron and steel hardware.
>
> 2\. ASTM A 123 for galvanizing iron and steel products made from
> rolled, pressed, and forged steel shapes, castings, plates, bars, and
> strips.
>
> B. Fill vent and drain holes that will be exposed in the finished
> Work, unless indicated to remain as weep holes, by plugging with zinc
> solder and filing off smooth.
>
> C. For nongalvanized steel handrails and railing systems, provide
> nongalvanized ferrous metal fittings, brackets, fasteners, and
> sleeves, except provide galvanized anchors where embedded in exterior
> masonry and concrete construction.
>
> D. Preparation for Shop Priming: After galvanizing, thoroughly clean
> railings of grease, dirt, oil, flux, and other foreign matter, and
> treat with metallic phosphate process.
>
> 1\. Interiors (SSPC Zone 1A): SSPC-SP 7 \"Brush-Off Blast Cleaning.\"
>
> E. Apply shop primer to prepared surfaces of handrails and railing
> components, . Comply with requirements of SSPC-PA 1 \"Paint
> Application Specification No. 1\" for shop painting. Primer need not
> be applied to surfaces to be embedded in concrete or masonry.
>
> 1\. Do not apply primer to galvanized surfaces.
>
> 2\. Stripe paint all edges, corners, crevices, bolts, welds, and sharp
> edges.

[PART 3 - EXECUTION]{.underline}

3.01 [PREPARATION]{.underline}

> A. Coordinate setting drawings, diagrams, templates, instructions, and
> directions for installing anchorages, such as sleeves, concrete
> inserts, anchor bolts, and miscellaneous items having integral
> anchors, that are to be embedded in concrete or masonry construction.
> Coordinate delivery of such items to Project site.

3.02 [INSTALLATION, GENERAL]{.underline}

> A. Fit exposed connections accurately together to form tight, hairline
> joints.
>
> B. Cutting, Fitting, and Placement: Perform cutting, drilling, and
> fitting required for installing handrails and railing systems. Set
> handrails and railing systems accurately in location, alignment, and
> elevation, measured from established lines and levels and free from
> rack.
>
> 1\. Do not weld, cut, or abrade surfaces of handrails and railing
> components that have been coated or finished after fabrication and are
> intended for field connection by mechanical or other means without
> further cutting or fitting.
>
> 2\. Align rails so that variations from level for horizontal members
> and from parallel with rake of steps and ramps for sloping members do
> not exceed 1/4 inch in 12 feet.
>
> C. Field Welding: Comply with the following requirements:
>
> 1\. Use materials and methods that minimize distortion and develop
> strength and corrosion resistance of base metals.
>
> 2\. Obtain fusion without undercut or overlap.
>
> 3\. Remove welding flux immediately.
>
> 4\. At exposed connections, finish exposed welds and surfaces smooth
> and blended so that no roughness shows after finishing, and welded
> surface matches contours of adjoining surfaces.
>
> D. Corrosion Protection: Coat concealed surfaces of aluminum that will
> come into contact with grout, concrete, masonry, wood, or dissimilar
> metals with a heavy coat of bituminous paint.
>
> E. Adjust handrails and railing systems prior to anchoring to ensure
> matching alignment at abutting joints. Space posts at interval
> indicated but not less than that required by design loadings.
>
> F. Fastening to In-Place Construction: Provide anchorage devices and
> fasteners where necessary for securing handrails and railing systems
> and for properly transferring loads to in-place construction.

3.03 [RAILING CONNECTIONS]{.underline}

> A. Nonwelded Connections: Use mechanical joints for permanently
> connecting railing components. Locate exposed fasteners in least
> conspicuous locations. Seal recessed holes of exposed locking screws
> with plastic filler, cement colored to match finish of handrails and
> railing systems.
>
> B. Welded Connections: Use fully welded joints for permanently
> connecting railing components by welding. Cope or butt components to
> provide 100 percent contact, or use fittings designed for this
> purpose.
>
> C. Expansion Joints: Install expansion joints at locations indicated
> but not further apart than required to accommodate thermal movement.
> Provide slip-joint internal sleeve extending 2 inches beyond joint on
> either side; fasten internal sleeve securely to one side; locate joint
> within 6 inches of post.

3.04 [ATTACHING HANDRAILS TO WALLS]{.underline}

> A. Attach handrails to wall with wall brackets and end fittings.
> Provide bracket with 1-1/2-inch clearance from inside face of handrail
> to finished wall surface.
>
> B. Locate brackets as indicated or, if not indicated, at spacing
> required to support structural loads.
>
> C. Secure wall brackets and wall return fittings to building
> construction as follows:
>
> 1\. Use type of bracket with flange tapped for concealed anchorage to
> threaded hanger bolt.
>
> 2\. For concrete and solid masonry anchorage, use drilled-in expansion
> shield and either concealed hanger bolt or exposed lag bolt, as
> applicable.
>
> 3\. For hollow masonry anchorage, use toggle bolts with square heads.
>
> 4\. For steel-framed gypsum board assemblies, fasten brackets directly
> to steel framing or concealed anchors using self-tapping screws of
> size and type required to support structural loads.

3.05 [ADJUSTING AND CLEANING]{.underline}

> A. Clean the following metals by washing thoroughly with clean water
> and soap, followed by rinsing with clean water.
>
> B. Touchup Painting: Immediately after erection, clean field welds,
> bolted connections, and abraded areas of shop paint, and paint exposed
> areas with same material.
>
> C. For Galvanized Surfaces: Clean field welds, bolted connections, and
> abraded areas and apply galvanizing repair paint to comply with
> ASTM A 780.

3.06 [PROTECTION]{.underline}

> A. Protect finishes of handrails and railing systems from damage
> during construction period with temporary protective coverings
> approved by railing manufacturer. Remove protective coverings at time
> of Substantial Completion.
>
> B. Restore finishes damaged during installation and construction
> period so that no evidence remains of correction work. Return items
> that cannot be refinished in the field to the shop; make required
> alterations and refinish entire unit, or provide new units.

END OF SECTION