""

Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 10/27/2003

**GAIN Report Number:** SP3027

SP3027

**Spain**

**Citrus**

**Annual**

**2003**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)Lloyd J. Fleck

U.S. Embassy

**Prepared by:**

Diego Pazos

**Report Highlights: Despite this summer's heat wave, Spain's 2003/04
citrus crop is expected to reach a record output of 6.1 million tons.
Growers are beginning to benefit from investments made in upgrading
orchards, replacing less profitable varieties and improving programs to
control diseases and pests. Citrus exports are likely to reach new highs
in 2003/04, expanding beyond last season's record of 3.4 million tons
(July/June).**

Includes PSD Changes: Yes

Includes Trade Matrix: Yes

Annual Report

Madrid \[SP1\]

\[SP\]

#  

[Executive Summary 3](#executive-summary)

[Production 4](#production)

[Fresh Oranges 4](#fresh-oranges)

[Fresh Tangerines 4](#fresh-tangerines)

[Fresh Lemons 5](#fresh-lemons)

[Grapefruit 5](#grapefruit)

[Other Fresh Citrus 6](#other-fresh-citrus)

[Orange Juice 6](#orange-juice)

[Crop Area 6](#crop-area)

[Consumption 7](#consumption)

[Trade 7](#trade)

[Fresh Oranges 7](#fresh-oranges-1)

[Fresh Tangerines 8](#fresh-tangerines-1)

[Fresh Lemons 8](#fresh-lemons-1)

[Fresh Other Citrus 8](#fresh-other-citrus)

[Orange Juice 8](#orange-juice-1)

[Policy 8](#policy)

[Marketing 9](#marketing)

[Tables 10](#tables)

#   {#section-1 .unnumbered}

# Executive Summary

According to official estimates, total 2003/04 citrus production should
reach a record 6.1 million tons or about three percent higher than last
season's record output. Orange and mandarin production are expected to
rise about 3 percent, while that for lemons will rise by 10 percent.
Although this summer's heat wave delayed fruit development and increased
the incidence of fallen fruit, recent rains have helped orchards to
recover; indeed, rains during the last few weeks could increase the size
of oranges and lemons, while delaying the harvest of early clementines.

There are several factors contributing to the continued expansion of
citrus production:

-Lemon orchards that were re-grafted with the higher-quality Fino
variety (replacing Verna) are coming into production. This re-grafting
process is continuing and should yield further improvements in output
during the next few years.

-Orchards that were replanted with varieties resistant to *tristeza* are
also beginning to produce.

-Overall orchard area is expanding, mainly in Andalucia.

-The area planted to clementines also continues to expand. Part of this
expansion reflects the replanting of orchards from Satsumas to
clementines. Low-cost, canned Satsuma segments from China are
increasingly competitive in international markets, encouraging Spanish
producers to shift to clementines.

Total Spanish citrus exports during 2002/2003 (July/June) rose to a
record 3.4 million tons, almost 4 percent higher than in 2001/02. About
85 percent was exported to other EU countries. With a larger citrus crop
and high prices for apples and pears in the EU, another record is likely
for MY 2003/04.

Since Spain is a major citrus producer and exporter, U.S. citrus
exporters have few market opportunities here.

NOTE: Current exchange rate is

1 euro = \$1.16.

# Production

## Fresh Oranges

The 2003/04 orange crop is forecast at 3 million tons, about three
percent higher than the previous crop. Abundant precipitation during
October 2003 should help fruit development and water levels in
reservoirs should be adequate to meet orchard needs during the remainder
of the season. The irrigation system and pest control programs are very
sophisticated in most citrus areas. Spain continues to produce primarily
high quality table‑type varieties, notably Navelina, Lanelate and
Navelate and Valencia Late, which comprise the bulk of orange exports.
Production of other varieties, with the exception of Salustiana,
continues to decline; these are being replaced by clementines. Producers
are expecting good prices this marketing year due to reduced supplies of
apples and pears in the EU. Most Spanish citrus producers are part-time
farmers who have non-farm income to invest in new technologies,
irrigation systems, orchard re-conversion to new varieties and
investment in new orchards.

The area planted to orange varieties in 2002 was as follows:

  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
  Variety of orange                   Area (hectares)

  Navelina                            47,458

  Valencia Late                       21,499

  Lanelate                            15,951

  Navelate                            11,862

  Salustiana                          9,739

  Washington Navel                    9,401

  Other                               19,588

  Total                               135,498
  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

During the 5-year period of 1997-2002, the Navelina, Lanelate, Navelate
and Salustiana varieties increased their combined area by 16,535
hectares, while the Washington Navel, Valencia Late and other varieties
fell by 18,582 hectares. During the last two years, an increase in the
overall area planted to oranges has been reported.

## Fresh Tangerines

The total 2003/04 tangerine crop is expected to rise again to about 2.02
million tons, mainly due to the continued expansion of clementine area.
Recent wet weather has been favorable for tangerines; fruit quality and
size are reported to be good. The only down side of the rains has been a
delay in the harvest of early tangerines. In order to increase the
quality of fruit, the Government of the Region of Valencia is enforcing
a program to reduce the population of Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis
Capitata) in production areas. In addition, in order to prevent seed
development in fruit, the government has banned apiaries in clementine
areas. Since growers are shifting orchards from oranges and Satsumas to
clementines, further increases in clementine production are likely for
the next few years.

The area planted to tangerine varieties in 2002 was as follows:

  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------
  Variety of tangerine                     Area (hectares)

  Clemenules                               38,256

  Marisol                                  9,781

  Ortanique                                8,323

  Clemenvilla                              8,318

  Hernandina                               7,376

  Satsumas                                 9,463

  Other Clementines                        32,545

  Total                                    114,062
  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------

During the period 1997-2002, the area planted with clementines rose by
21,000 hectares while the area planted with Satsumas declined by 2,700
hectares. Good opportunities for clementines in international markets
have encouraged the increase in planted area. Conversely, the strong
competition of Chinese processed Satsuma segments in international
markets has discouraged continued production of Satsumas. The area
planted in clementines is expected to expand further in the next few
years.

## Fresh Lemons

The 2003/04 lemon crop is estimated at about 1,048,000 tons, ten percent
higher than last season. During the last few years, farmers have been
replacing the Verna variety with the higher-quality Fino variety. About
70 percent of Finos are harvested between October and May. Due to the
larger crop, the amount of lemons delivered to processors could rise to
about 210,000 tons in MY 2003/04. High stocks of essential lemon oils
and lemon juice in Argentina will likely discourage deliveries beyond
that level

The area planted to lemon varieties in 2002 was as follows:

  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------
  Variety of lemon                         Area (hectares)

  Fino                                     22,686

  Verna                                    18,919

  Other                                    3,603

  Total                                    45,208
  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------

During the period 1997-2002, the area planted with Verna lemons declined
by 5,199 hectares, while that allocated to Fino and other varieties rose
by 3,304 hectares. Producers hope to improve fruit quality in order to
compete with Argentine lemons in international markets from October to
May.

## Grapefruit

Although the official estimate of the 2003/04 crop is about 27,000 tons,
some growers believe it may reach about 37,000 tons. The difference
seems to be expectations for yield: growers believe it will be extremely
high, at about 70 tons per hectare. Spanish exports amounted to 33,870
tons during the period July 2002/June 2003. In addition, some 3,844 tons
were delivered to processors.

## Other Fresh Citrus

Bitter oranges are the only product included under the \"Other Citrus\"
category. The 2002/3 crop was estimated at around 16,327 tons, or 12
percent lower than in previous year. The bulk of the production is
delivered to processors and the balance, exported.

## Orange Juice

An estimated 640.000 tons of fresh oranges \-- including unsubsidized
oranges \-- were delivered to processors in MY 2002/03, yielding about
56,000 tons of orange juice (65 Brix). Deliveries during 2003/04 are
likely to be higher due to the expected larger crop. Oranges are not
grown specifically for juice production; rather, oranges going to juice
processors are primarily those that have been rejected for fresh
consumption. Most orange juice plants are located near the orchards in
Valencia and Andalucia.

Note: On average, 2.4 kilograms of fresh oranges yield 1 Kg of single
strength orange juice (11Brix) of good quality; 11.5 Kg of fresh fruit
yield 1 Kg. of concentrated orange juice (65Brix).

+---------+----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+
| Spanish |          |         |         |         |        |         |
| Citrus  |          |         |         |         |        |         |
| Pro     |          |         |         |         |        |         |
| duction |          |         |         |         |        |         |
| Fo      |          |         |         |         |        |         |
| recast, |          |         |         |         |        |         |
| 2003/04 |          |         |         |         |        |         |
|         |          |         |         |         |        |         |
| (Tons)  |          |         |         |         |        |         |
+=========+==========+=========+=========+=========+========+=========+
| Region  | Sweet    | Tan     | Lemons  | Gra     | Other  | **      |
|         | Oranges  | gerines |         | pefruit | Ci     | TOTAL** |
|         |          |         |         |         | trus\* |         |
+---------+----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+
| V       | 1        | 1,      | 347,471 | 5,295   | 0      | **3,76  |
| alencia | ,742,783 | 671,067 |         |         |        | 6,616** |
+---------+----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+
| Murcia  | 179,315  | 59,650  | 545,000 | 14,600  | 0      | **79    |
|         |          |         |         |         |        | 8,565** |
+---------+----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+
| An      | 974,779  | 177,462 | 144,785 | 7,260   | 16,327 | **1,32  |
| dalucia |          |         |         |         |        | 0,613** |
+---------+----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+
| Ca      | 47,000   | 110,000 | 1,000   | 125     | 0      | **15    |
| talonia |          |         |         |         |        | 8,125** |
+---------+----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+
| B       | 20,000   | 2,000   | 2,000   | 0       | 0      | **2     |
| alearic |          |         |         |         |        | 4,000** |
| Is.     |          |         |         |         |        |         |
+---------+----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+
| Others  | 32,880   | 1,015   | 8,400   | 100     | 0      | **4     |
|         |          |         |         |         |        | 2,395** |
+---------+----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+
| **      | **2,9    | **2,02  | **1,04  | **2     | **16   | **6,11  |
| TOTAL** | 96,757** | 1,194** | 8,656** | 7,380** | ,327** | 0,314** |
+---------+----------+---------+---------+---------+--------+---------+

\*Bitter Oranges.

# Crop Area

The data in the table below and in the PS&Ds are based the last official
crop area survey, which was performed in 2002. Total area in the
Valencia region has increased marginally in the last few years. In
addition, an increase in area has been reported in Andalucia, mainly in
the provinces of Sevilla and Huelva. According to trade sources, citrus
area could expand by another 5 percent in the next few years. During the
period 1997-2002 the area planted with mandarins rose from 96,827
hectares to 114,062 hectares, while the area for lemons declined from
46,830 hectares to 45,207 hectares. The success of Spain's tangerine
sector in recent years has led to replacement of older orange and
Satsuma orchards with clementines. In addition, new varieties of early
and late season clementines are replacing traditional ones, as the
export and domestic markets pay comparatively higher prices for this
\"extended season\" fruit. Regarding the age, 27 percent of the orchards
planted with clementines are less than four years old; 20 percent of
orange orchards are less than four years old; and 15 percent of lemon
orchards are less than four years old.

+-----------------+----------------+-----------------+---------------+
| Spanish Citrus  |                |                 |               |
| Area, CY 2002   |                |                 |               |
|                 |                |                 |               |
| (Hectares)      |                |                 |               |
+=================+================+=================+===============+
| Region          | Sweet Oranges  | Tangerines      | Lemons        |
+-----------------+----------------+-----------------+---------------+
| Valencia        | 75,865         | 96,500          | 13,482        |
+-----------------+----------------+-----------------+---------------+
| Murcia          | 11,932         | 4,781           | 28,188        |
+-----------------+----------------+-----------------+---------------+
| Andalucia       | 42,636         | 3,724           | 2,779         |
+-----------------+----------------+-----------------+---------------+
| Catalonia       | 3,168          | 4,220           | 70            |
+-----------------+----------------+-----------------+---------------+
| Balearic Is.    | 1,899          | 156             | 349           |
+-----------------+----------------+-----------------+---------------+
|                 |                |                 |               |
+-----------------+----------------+-----------------+---------------+
| **TOTAL**       | **135,500**    | **114,062**     | **45,207**    |
+-----------------+----------------+-----------------+---------------+

# Consumption

Given the expected record crop, total citrus consumption for 2003/04
should also expand. The citrus industry funds promotional campaigns each
year to increase or maintain consumption. Fresh oranges account for over
a quarter of total fresh fruit consumed in Spain. Despite strong
competition from other beverages, orange juice remains the favorite
juice, with consumption totaling 210 million liters (11 Degree Brix) in
2002/03. Of this total, fresh, chilled and frozen juice amounted to 32
million liters. Total annual per capita consumption of orange juice is
estimated at about 5.3 liters. Among other citrus fruits, bitter oranges
are produced mainly for processing into marmalades and other
preparations; about 90 percent is used in the domestic market and the
rest is exported for processing.

In the PSD tables, the number for fresh consumption is residual and
includes losses of weight during export and other losses.

# Trade

## Fresh Oranges

Orange exports declined to 1.43 million tons in 2002/03 (July/June), a
drop of about 2 percent below the previous season. Exports in 2003/4
should to increase slightly due to shortages of apples and pears in the
EU. Spain's traditional markets are Germany, France, Netherlands, UK,
Poland and Belgium; shipments generally begin in October and continue
through the following September. Spain exports about half of its total
crop. About 40 to 50 percent of total exports are shipped in October -
December and then progressively taper off.

Orange imports mostly meet demand during the summer, arriving from South
Africa, Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. The volume of imports varies
widely, depending on local supplies. However, higher imports are likely
in the next few years to meet demand during the peak summer tourist
season.

## Fresh Tangerines

During the 2002/2003 (July/June) season, tangerine exports totaled 1.43
million tons, 2 percent lower than in the previous season. Due to the
good crop expected in 2003/04, exports should also rise. In December
2001, Spanish clementines were banned in the U.S. market after larvae of
Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis Capitata) were found in several
shipments. The ban was removed on October 15, 2002, and exports of
clementines to the U.S. market have resumed. During the period October
2002 - June 2003, Spain exported 54,500 tons of clementines to the U.S.

## Fresh Lemons

During the period November 2002 - June 2003, lemon exports totaled
414,805 tons, marginally higher than in the same period of the previous
year. Exports to the U.S. during this period totaled only 2,829 tons, or
some 10,000 tons lower than the same months of 2001/02. With
expectations for a higher crop in 2003/04, exports are likely to rise in
the coming season.

## Fresh Other Citrus

Some 3,096 tons of bitter oranges were exported during calendar 2001,
while only 169 tons of other citrus were imported. A lower expected crop
this season might restrict exports.

## Orange Juice

Orange juice exports for 2003/04 should be higher than in the previous
season due to the expected record crop of oranges. A large percentage of
juice exports, mainly to other EU countries, is \"single strength\".
However, exports of liquid concentrate (with a Brix value not exceeding
20) amounted to 73,770 tons during 2001/02 (Nov-October); France was the
major buyer, taking 51,000 tons. Larger exports of this liquid
concentrate are expected for the next few years. For imports, about 60
percent of the total tonnage is concentrate and the balance, \"single
strength.\"

The Spanish Customs Office does not provide data on the volume of orange
juice trade; consequently, the trade matrix reflects the value of
imports and exports in euros. In order to be consistent with data in the
PS&D table (where production is based on 65 degrees Brix) trade figures
have been estimated by this office.

# Policy 

EU Regulation 1092/2001 lays down detailed rules for the application of
Council Regulation 2202/96, which introduced an aid scheme for producers
of certain citrus fruits. The scheme provides a subsidy to growers who
deliver their crops to processors. Subsidies are only available on a
maximum quantity (or \"threshold\") of fruit delivered.

  --------------------------- ----------- ---------- ------------ -----------
  Citrus processing                                               
  thresholds for 2002/03 (MT)                                     

                              Oranges     Lemons     Grapefruit   Mandarins

  Community thresholds        1,500,236   510,600    6,000        384,000

  Spanish thresholds          600,467     192,198    1,919        270,186

  Payments for processing,                                        
  2002/03 (Euros/100                                              
  kilograms)                                                      

  Multiyear contracts         11.27       10.47      4.28         10.47

  Contract covering a single  9.80        9.10       3.72         9.10
  marketing year                                                  

  Individual producers        8.82        8.19       3.35         8.19
  --------------------------- ----------- ---------- ------------ -----------

The quantity of grapefruit delivered to processors in MY 2002/03 was
over the processing quota established for Spain; consequently, on
October 20, 2003, the EU Commission reduced the 2003/04 payment for
Spanish grapefruit delivered to processor by 54.14 percent. Thus, the
payment per hectare been established as follows:

  -------------------------- ----------- ----------------- -----------------
  Payments for processing    Multiyear   Contract covering Individual
  grape fruit (2003/04)      contract    a single          producers
                                         marketing year    

  Euros/100 kilograms        4.80        4.17              3.76
  -------------------------- ----------- ----------------- -----------------

No penalties have been set for processing mandarins, lemons and oranges.

# Marketing

As a major citrus producer, Spain offers few opportunities for U.S.
citrus exporters. Spain does play an important role as a U.S.
competitor, particularly in Europe, where Spanish fruit is generally
very price competitive.

In an effort to increase consumption and exports of Spanish oranges and
clementines, about 8.5 million euros will be spent in eight promotional
campaigns during the 2003/04 season. Participants include the EU;
Intercitrus, which represents the citrus sector; ICEX, Spain's agency
responsible for export promotion; and the regional governments of
Valencia, Murcia, Catalonia and Andalucia. The largest promotions will
take place in Belgium, Netherlands, Austria, Denmark, Finland, Sweden,
Ireland and Spain itself. Intercitrus, together with ICEX, spent about
\$700,000 to promote tangerines in the United States during November -
December, 2002. Another promotion is planned for November - December,
2003. The EU, Spain, Italy and Greece, as well as Intercitrus and
farmers' organizations also plan to promote consumption of citrus in
Poland, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Russia and Hungary.

# Tables

![](media/image2.wmf)

  --------------- ------------- ------------ -------- -------- ---------- ---------- -- -- -- -- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- --
  **Import Trade                                                                                                                                  
  Matrix**                                                                                                                                        

  **Country**                   Spain                                                                                                             

  **Commodity**                 Fresh                                                                                                             
                                Oranges                                                                                                           

  Time Period                   MY(Nov/Oct            Units:              MT                                                                      

  Imports for:                  2000                                      **2001**                                                                

  U.S.                          0                     U.S.                0                                                                       

  Others                                              Others                                                                                      

  South Africa                  40588                                     38035                                                                   

  Argentina                     37527                                     16495                                                                   

  Uruguay                       24670                                     16027                                                                   

  Brazil                        25301                                     8046                                                                    

  Netherlands                   14558                                     5458                                                                    

  Portugal                      3400                                      4333                                                                    

  Morocco                       20271                                     513                                                                     

  Total for                     166315                                    88907                                                                   
  Others                                                                                                                                          

  Others not                    17459                                     9278                                                                    
  Listed                                                                                                                                          

  Grand Total                   183774                                    98185                                                                   

  **Export Trade                                                                                                                                  
  Matrix**                                                                                                                                        

  **Country**     Spain                                                                                                                           

  **Commodity**   Fresh Oranges                                                                                                                   

  Time Period     MY(Nov/Oct.                Units:            MT                                                                                 

  Exports for:    2000                                         **2001**                                                                           

  U.S.            0                          U.S.              0                                                                                  

  Others                                     Others                                                                                               

  Germany         348499                                       425570                                                                             

  France          274012                                       352576                                                                             

  Netherlands     126812                                       161856                                                                             

  UK              87404                                        100467                                                                             

  Poland          78759                                        88661                                                                              

  Belgium         60527                                        70681                                                                              

  Italy           32178                                        43930                                                                              

  Sweden          26795                                        37016                                                                              

  Czech Republi   23426                                        25025                                                                              

  Swtzerland      22300                                        24639                                                                              

  Total for       1080712                                      1330421                                                                            
  Others                                                                                                                                          

  Others not      165716                                       174484                                                                             
  Listed                                                                                                                                          

  Grand Total     1246428                                      1504905                                                                            

                                                                                                                                                  
  --------------- ------------- ------------ -------- -------- ---------- ---------- -- -- -- -- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- --

![](media/image3.wmf)

  --------------- ------------ -------- ---------- -- -- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
  **Import Trade                                                                             
  Matrix**                                                                                   

  **Country**     Spain                                                                      

  **Commodity**   Fresh                                                                      
                  Tangerines                                                                 

  Time Period     MY(Nov/Oc    Units:                                                        

  Imports for:    2000                  **2001**                                             

  U.S.            0            U.S.     0                                                    

  Others                       Others                                                        

  Argentina       801                   1488                                                 

  Uruguay         2437                  1121                                                 

  France          1698                  958                                                  

  Netherlands     384                   704                                                  

  Peru            423                   278                                                  

  Total for       5743                  4549                                                 
  Others                                                                                     

  Others not      3808                  475                                                  
  Listed                                                                                     

  Grand Total     9551                  5024                                                 

                                                                                             
  --------------- ------------ -------- ---------- -- -- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----

  --------------- ------------ -------- ---------- -- -- ---- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
  **Export Trade                                                                            
  Matrix**                                                                                  

  **Country**     Spain                                                                     

  **Commodity**   Fresh                                                                     
                  Tangerines                                                                

  Time Period     MY           Units:   MT                                                  

  Exports for:    2000                  **2001**                                            

  U.S.            94612        U.S.     33303                                               

  Others                       Others                                                       

  Germany         330690                347911                                              

  France          244696                279523                                              

  UK              122687                124406                                              

  Poland          65116                 83683                                               

  Netherlands     76504                 74712                                               

  Italy           51978                 60889                                               

  Belgium         38811                 37270                                               

  Czech Republic  24258                 28142                                               

  Switzerland     27501                 25427                                               

  Sweden          25567                 25363                                               

  Total for       1007808               1087326                                             
  Others                                                                                    

  Others not      127667                131679                                              
  Listed                                                                                    

  Grand Total     1230087               1252308                                             

                                                                                            

                                                                                            

                                                                                            
  --------------- ------------ -------- ---------- -- -- ---- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----

![](media/image4.wmf)

  --------------- ----------- ------------ ---------- -------- -------- ------ ---------- ---------- ---- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---- -- -- ---- -- -- ---- -- -- ---- -- -- ---- -- -- ---- -- ---- --
  **Import Trade                                                                                                                                                                                   
  Matrix**                                                                                                                                                                                         

  **Country**                 Spain                                                                                                                                                                

  **Commodity**               Fresh Lemons                                                                                                                                                         

  Time Period                 MY(Nov/Oc)                       Units:                     MT                                                                                                       

  Imports for:                2000                                                        **2001**                                                                                                 

  U.S.                        0                                U.S.                       0                                                                                                        

  Others                                                       Others                                                                                                                              

  Argentina                   27688                                                       35987                                                                                                    

  Uruguay                     3065                                                        1564                                                                                                     

  France                      1607                                                        1480                                                                                                     

  South Africa                1126                                                        544                                                                                                      

  Total for                   33486                                                       39575                                                                                                    
  Others                                                                                                                                                                                           

  Others not                  5495                                                        1046                                                                                                     
  Listed                                                                                                                                                                                           

  Grand Total                 38981                                                       40621                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                                                                                                   

  **Export Trade                                                                                                                                                                                   
  Matrix**                                                                                                                                                                                         

  **Country**     Spain                                                                                                                                                                            

  **Commodity**   Fresh                                                                                                                                                                            
                  Lemons                                                                                                                                                                           

  Time Period     MY(Nov/Oc                           Units:                   MT                                                                                                                  

  Exports for:    2000                                                         **2001**                                                                                                            

  U.S.            3471                                U.S.                     21116                                                                                                               

  Others                                              Others                                                                                                                                       

  Germany         103174                                                       100858                                                                                                              

  France          97124                                                        85519                                                                                                               

  Poland          77994                                                        72022                                                                                                               

  Italy           27135                                                        38154                                                                                                               

  Russia          43621                                                        33426                                                                                                               

  UK              40886                                                        34629                                                                                                               

  Netherlands     31086                                                        23446                                                                                                               

  Czech Republic  12307                                                        10946                                                                                                               

  Belgium         12475                                                        11110                                                                                                               

  Switzerland     10657                                                        10076                                                                                                               

  Total for       456459                                                       420186                                                                                                              
  Others                                                                                                                                                                                           

  Others not      70852                                                        65070                                                                                                               
  Listed                                                                                                                                                                                           

  Grand Total     530782                                                       506372                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                                                                                   
  --------------- ----------- ------------ ---------- -------- -------- ------ ---------- ---------- ---- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---- -- -- ---- -- -- ---- -- -- ---- -- -- ---- -- -- ---- -- ---- --

![](media/image5.wmf)

  --------------- -------------- -------------- -------- -------- ---------- ---------- -- -- -- -- -- ---- -- ---- -- ---- -- ---- -- ---- -- ---- -- ----
  **Import Trade                                                                                                                                       
  Matrix**                                                                                                                                             

  **Country**     Spain                                                                                                                                

  **Commodity**   Fresh                                                                                                                                
                  Citrus,Other                                                                                                                         

  Time Period     MY(Nov/O)                     Units:            MT                                                                                   

  Imports for:    2000                                            **2001**                                                                             

  U.S.            0                             U.S.              0                                                                                    

  Others                                        Others                                                                                                 

  Netherlands                                                     274                                                                                  

  France          33                                              39                                                                                   

  Mexico          105                                             0                                                                                    

  Total for       138                                             313                                                                                  
  Others                                                                                                                                               

  Others not      68                                              0                                                                                    
  Listed                                                                                                                                               

  Grand Total     206                                             313                                                                                  

                                                                                                                                                       

  **Export Trade                                                                                                                                       
  Matrix**                                                                                                                                             

  **Country**                    Spain                                                                                                                 

  **Commodity**                  Fresh                                                                                                                 
                                 Citrus,Other                                                                                                          

  Time Period                    MY(Nov/O)               Units:              MT                                                                        

  Exports for:                   2000                                        **2001**                                                                  

  U.S.                           0                       U.S.                0                                                                         

  Others                                                 Others                                                                                        

  France                         80                                          2319                                                                      

  Germany                        47                                          1031                                                                      

  Italy                          39                                          339                                                                       

  Sweden                         0                                           136                                                                       

  Portugal                       32                                          96                                                                        

  Belgium                        0                                           96                                                                        

  UK                             121                                         46                                                                        

  Total for                      319                                         4063                                                                      
  Others                                                                                                                                               

  Others not                     68                                          32                                                                        
  Listed                                                                                                                                               

  Grand Total                    387                                         4095                                                                      

                                                                                                                                                       
  --------------- -------------- -------------- -------- -------- ---------- ---------- -- -- -- -- -- ---- -- ---- -- ---- -- ---- -- ---- -- ---- -- ----

  ---------- ----------- ------- ----- -- -- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
                                                                                 

                                                                                 

                                                                                 

                                                                                 
  ---------- ----------- ------- ----- -- -- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----

![](media/image6.wmf)

  --------------- -------- -------- ---------- -- -- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
  **Import Trade                                                                         
  Matrix**                                                                               

  **Country**     Spain                                                                  

  **Commodity**   Juice,                                                                 
                  Orange                                                                 

  Time Period     MY       Units:   Million                                              
                                    Euros                                                

  Imports for:    2000              **2001**                                             

  U.S.            0        U.S.     0                                                    

  Others                   Others                                                        

  Netherlands     20                21                                                   

  Germany         14                16                                                   

  Belgium         12                10                                                   

  France          3                 3                                                    

  Total for       49                50                                                   
  Others                                                                                 

  Others not      14                11                                                   
  Listed                                                                                 

  Grand Total     63                61                                                   
  --------------- -------- -------- ---------- -- -- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----

  --------------- ---------- -------- ---------- -- -- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
  **Export Trade                                                                           
  Matrix**                                                                                 

  **Country**     Spain                                                                    

  **Commodity**   Juice,                                                                   
                  Orange                                                                   

  Time Period     MY         Units:   Million                                              
                                      Euros                                                

  Exports for:    2000                **2001**                                             

  U.S.                       U.S.                                                          

  Others                     Others                                                        

  France          82                  100                                                  

  Germany         11                  14                                                   

  Portugal        2                   2                                                    

  Belgium         2                   2                                                    

  Total for       97                  118                                                  
  Others                                                                                   

  Others not      8                   1                                                    
  Listed                                                                                   

  Grand Total     105                 119                                                  

                                                                                           
  --------------- ---------- -------- ---------- -- -- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----