![](media/image1.png){width="2.249212598425197in"
height="2.030708661417323in"}

![](media/image2.png){width="3.2604166666666665in"
height="1.2083333333333333in"}

NSRL-06B RUN

**June 2006**

# FINAL REPORT

**Kelly Guiffreda Marcelo Vazquez Michael Sivertz**

**RHIC & AGS Users Center Medical Dept. Collider-Accelerator Dept.**

**BNL BNL/NASA BNL/NASA**

**<http://www.bnl.gov/medical/NASA>**

## TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Executive Summary 3

Proposals reviewed by SACR 4

Participants 5

Participants Institutions 9

Research Project Sponsors 10

Institutions Statistics 10

Total Run-Time Statistics 11

Science Studies Statistics 11

Ion Species and Energy Distribution 11

Run Time Description 12

Beam Characteristics 13

Dosimetry and Beam Developments 14

Run Dates 15

Experimenters and Run Statistics 16

####### [EXECUTIVE SUMMARY]{.underline} 

During June 2006, a series of radiobiological and physics experiments
were performed using the proton and heavy ion beams available at the
NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL). These experiments were part of
the ninth NSRL scientific run (NSRL-06B) sponsored by NASA's Space
Radiation Health Program (SRHP) heavy ion radiobiology research program
at BNL.

A total of twenty nine proposals were approved for participation in the
NSRL-06B run. Ninety three users from thirty five institutions were
represented, thirty from the United States, and five foreign
institutions. More than 2500 biological samples were exposed at the NSRL
beam line, employing 189:06 hours of beam time (18:41 hours for in vivo
studies, 111:44 hours for in vitro studies, 2:06 hours for plant
studies, and 56:35 hours for physics experiments) delivered in a three
and a half-week period. In addition, 15:47 hours were used for dosimetry
and beam development. Machine set-up took a total of 42:00 hours, and
10:30 hours for wrap-up of the beam. Accelerator problems accounted for
13:40 hours lost. This gave a total NSRL usage time of 271:03 hours.

Part of the NSRL-06B run included time spent with the fifteen students
from five countries who attended the NASA Space Radiation Summer School.
The students conducted both physics and biology experiments during the
16:13 hours of beam time allocated for their experimental work.

During NSRL-06B, Booster provided iron (600 and 1000 MeV/nucleon),
protons (1 GeV/n), sequential fields of iron and protons (1000 MeV/n),
oxygen (1000 MeV/n), and titanium (1000 MeV/n) beams for biology and
physics experiments. The maximum dose/rates used for biology experiments
were as high as 5 Gy/min (Fe 1000 MeV/n). The general spill rate
employed was 20 spills per minute with durations of 300 msec/spill. The
spill fluence range was (particles/spill) from 1.5 x 10^11^ (max) and 2
x 10^2^ (min). Square beam spots as big as 20 x 20 cm^2^ and as small as
1 x 1 cm^2^ were employed for biology and physics experiments. The
Tandem-Booster-NSRL complex delivered a sequential field composed of
iron and protons with energies of 1 GeV/n with a steady and repeatable
switching from protons to iron.

Tandem-Booster set-up started on June 6 with the transport and
circulation of Fe beams at the NSRL complex. Beam was tuned into the
target cave on June 7 and 1000 MeV/n Fe beams were available for tuning
at 7:00 AM 8 June 2006. NSRL-06B officially ended at 5:00 PM 30 June
2006.

Projects Reviewed by the BNL Scientific Advisory Committee in
Radiobiology

+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| **NSRL  | **Principal**           | **NSRL**         | **NSRL-06B** |
| Pro     |                         |                  |              |
| posal** | **Investigator**        | **Sponsor**      | **Par        |
|         |                         |                  | ticipation** |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| B-44    | DURANTE                 | ASI              | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| B-52    | SUTHERLAND/GEWIRTZ\*    | NSBRI            | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-64    | VAZQUEZ                 | NSBRI            | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-65    | VAZQUEZ                 | NSBRI            | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| B-73    | SUTHERLAND              | DOE/NASA         | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-88    | SUTHERLAND              | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-89    | HELD                    | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-102   | HALL\*                  | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-103   | BARCELLOSHOFF\*         | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-113   | OBENAUS\*               | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-116   | BENTON\*                | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-128   | VAZQUEZ                 | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-129   | LIMOLI                  | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-134   | CHEN\*                  | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-135   | PLUTH                   | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-136   | BRITT                   | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-155   | RABER                   | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-156   | PISACANE                | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-157   | SCHIESTL\*              | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-159   | KLEIMAN                 | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-167   | BURMA                   | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-168   | PUTCHA\*                | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-169   | SHELBY\*                | NASA Shield      | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-170   | WANG\*                  | DOE/NASA         | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-172   | BERKOWITZ               | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-173   | GEARD\*                 | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-174   | WARE                    | NASA             | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-175   | FIKE\*                  | DOE NASA-NSCOR   | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+
| N-176   | CUCINOTTA               | DOE/NASA         | Yes          |
+---------+-------------------------+------------------+--------------+

\*Not Present During Actual Run

  ----------------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------- ---------------- -------------- ------------------
  **[PARTICIPANTS (Principal                                                                                  
  Investigators are                                                                                           
  highlighted)]{.underline}**                                                                                 

  **Exp.**                      **Participants**       **Affiliation**        **Title**                       

  **B-44**                      **DURANTE**            Universita di Napoli   Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                                              Investigator                    

  ** **                         VAZQUEZ                BNL, Medical Dept.,    Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       Upton, NY              Investigator                    

  ** **                         GROSSI                 Universita di Napoli   Guest Scientist                 

  ** **                         DIFINO                 University of Rome II  Guest Research                  
                                                                              Associate                       

  ** **                         PURSCHKE               Massachusetts General  Guest Research                  
                                                       Hospital               Associate                       

  ** B-52**                     **SUTHERLAND           University of          Ph.D, Principal                 
                                GEWIRTZ\***            Pennsylvania           Investigator                    

  ** **                         BENNETT                BNL, Biology Dept.,    M.S., Co-Worker                 
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  ** **                         ROY                    BNL, Biology Dept.,    PhD., Co-Worker                 
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  ** **                         NAIDU                  BNL, Biology Dept.,    PhD., Co-Worker                 
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  ** **                         SUTHERLAND             BNL, Biology Dept.,    PhD., Co-Worker                 
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  ** **                         MONTELEONE             BNL, Biology Dept.,    B.S., Co-Worker                 
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  ** **                         TRUNK                  BNL, Biology Dept.,    PhD., Co-Worker                 
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  **N-64**                      **VAZQUEZ**            BNL, Medical Dept.,    MD,                             
                                                       Upton, NY              PhD.,Principal                  
                                                                              Invest.                         

  ** **                         GUIDA                  BNL, Medical Dept.,    Ph.D., Co-Worker                
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  ** **                         BILLUPS                BNL, Medical Dept.,    B.A., Co-Worker                 
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  ** **                         PYATT                  BNL, Medical Dept.,    M.S., Co-Worker                 
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  ** **                         THOMPSON               BNL, Medical Dept.,    B.S., Co-Worker                 
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  ** **                         KIM                    BNL, Medical Dept.,    B.S., Co-Worker                 
                                                       Upton, NY                                              

  **N-65**                      **VAZQUEZ**            BNL, Medical Dept.,    MD,                             
                                                       Upton, NY              PhD.,Principal                  
                                                                              Invest.                         

  **B-73**                      **SUTHERLAND**         BNL, Biology Dept.,    Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       Upton, NY              Investigator                    

  **N-88**                      **SUTHERLAND**         BNL, Biology Dept.,    Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       Upton, NY              Investigator                    

  **N-89**                      **HELD**               Massachusetts General  Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       Hospital               Investigator                    

                                PURSCHKE               Massachusetts General  Guest Research                  
                                                       Hospital               Associate                       

                                SPANTCHAK              Massachusetts General  Guest Scientific                
                                                       Hospital               Associate                       

                                SCHUSSLER              Massachusetts General  Guest Scientific                
                                                       Hospital               Associate                       

  **N-102**                     **HALL\***             Columbia University    Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                                              Investigator                    

  **N-103**                     **BARCELLOS-HOFF\***   Lawrence Berkeley      Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       National Laboratory    Investigator                    

                                MUKHOPADHYAY           Lawrence Berkeley      Guest                           
                                                       National Laboratory    Jr.Research                     
                                                                              Associate                       

                                KRONENBERG             Lawrence Berkeley      Guest Scientist                 
                                                       National Laboratory                                    

  **[PARTICIPANTS (Principal                                                                                  
  Investigators are                                                                                           
  highlighted)]{.underline}**                                                                                 

  **Exp.**                      **Participants**       **Affiliation**        **Title**                       

  ** N-103 (cont.)**            BOISSIERE              Lawrence Berkeley                                      Guest Research
                                                       National Laboratory                                    Associate

                                ANDARAWEWA             Lawrence Berkeley                                      Guest Research
                                                       National Laboratory                                    Associate

                                SUDO                   Lawrence Berkeley                                      Guest Research
                                                       National Laboratory                                    Associate

                                GROESSER               Lawrence Berkeley                                      Guest Research
                                                       National Laboratory                                    Associate

                                RYDBERG                Lawrence Berkeley                                      Guest Scientist
                                                       National Laboratory                                    

  **N-113**                     **OBENAUS\***          Loma Linda University                                  Ph.D, Principal
                                                                                                              Investigator

  ** **                         NELSON                 Loma Linda University                                  Guest Scientist
                                                       Medical Center                                         

                                SMITH                  Loma Linda University                                  Guest Scientific
                                                                                                              Associate

                                JONES                  NASA - Loma Linda                                      Guest Scientific
                                                       University Medical                                     Associate
                                                       School                                                 

                                LLOYD                  Loma Linda University                                  Guest Scientific
                                                                                                              Associate

                                PECAUT                 Loma Linda University                                  Guest Scientist

  **N-116**                     **BENTON\***           Eril Research, Inc.                                    Ph.D, Principal
                                                                                                              Investigator

  **N-128**                     **VAZQUEZ**            BNL, Medical Dept.,                                    MD, PhD.,
                                                       Upton, NY                                              Principal Invest.

                                BLYTH                  Flinders University of                                 Guest Research
                                                       South Australia                                        Assistant

                                HU                     Columbia Nevis Lab.                                    Guest Research
                                                                                                              Associate

                                GRABHAM                Columbia University                                    Guest Scientist

                                MOZHAEVA               Joint Institute for                                    Guest Research
                                                       Nuclear Research                                       Assistant
                                                       (JINR)                                                 

                                ANDERSON, B            Medical Research                                       Guest Scientific
                                                       Council                                                Associate

                                ANDERSON, J            NASA - Langley                                         Guest Research
                                                       Research Center                                        Assistant

                                REDD                   Texas A&M University                                   Guest Jr.Research
                                                                                                              Associate

                                ZWART                  Universities Space                                     Guest Scientist
                                                       Research Association                                   

                                PIGNALOSA              University Federico II                                 Guest Scientific
                                                                                                              Associate

                                HARRISON               University of Kentucky                                 Guest Research
                                                                                                              Assistant

                                DZIEGIELEWSKI          University of Maryland                                 Guest Research
                                                                                                              Associate

                                HATCHER                University of                                          Guest Research
                                                       Tennessee                                              Associate

                                MASHIMO                University of Texas                                    Guest Scientist
                                                       Southwestern                                           

                                BERTUCCI               Universita di Napoli                                   Guest Research
                                                                                                              Assistant

                                VAN BAALEN             NASA - Johnson Space                                   Guest Research
                                                       Center                                                 Assistant

                                YAMAMOTO               University of                                          Guest Jr.Research
                                                       California @ Los                                       Associate
                                                       Angeles                                                

                                                                                                              

  **[PARTICIPANTS Cont.                                                                                       
  (Principal Investigators are                                                                                
  highlighted)]{.underline}**                                                                                 

  **Exp.**                      **Participants**       **Affiliation**        **Title**                       

  ** N-128 (cont.)**            CASEY                  Universities Space     Guest Scientist                 
                                                       Research Association                                   

  **N-129**                     **LIMOLI**             University of          Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       California @ San       Investigator                    
                                                       Francisco                                              

                                GIEDZINSKI             University of          Guest Scientific                
                                                       California @ San       Associate                       
                                                       Francisco                                              

  **N-134**                     **CHEN\***             University of Texas    Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       Southwestern           Investigator                    

  ** **                         BURMA                  University of Texas    Guest Scientist                 
                                                       Medical Branch                                         

                                ZENG                   University of Texas    Guest                           
                                                       Southwestern           Jr.Research                     
                                                                              Associate                       

                                AROUMOUGAME            University of Texas    Guest Scientist                 
                                                       Southwestern                                           

                                ORTEGA                 University of Texas    Guest Scientist                 
                                                       Southwestern                                           

                                UEMATSU                University of Texas    Guest                           
                                                       Medical Branch         Jr.Research                     
                                                                              Associate                       

  **N-135**                     **PLUTH**              Lawrence Berkeley      Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       National Laboratory    Investigator                    

                                WHALEN                 Lawrence Berkeley      Guest Scientific                
                                                       National Laboratory    Associate                       

  **N-136**                     **BRITT\***            University of          Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       California @ Davis     Investigator                    

                                CULLIGAN               University of New      Guest Scientist                 
                                                       Hampshire                                              

                                HUEFNER                University of          Guest Jr.                       
                                                       California @ Davis     Research                        
                                                                              Associate                       

  **N-155**                     **RABER**              Oregon Health &        Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       Science University     Investigator                    

                                POAGE                  Oregon Health &        Guest Scientific                
                                                       Science University     Associate                       

  **N-156**                     **PISACANE**           U.S. Naval Academy     Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                                              Investigator                    

                                ZHAO                   University of          Guest Scientist                 
                                                       Cincinnati                                             

                                WROE                   Loma Linda University  Guest Jr.                       
                                                       Medical Center         Research                        
                                                                              Associate                       

  **N-157**                     **SCHIESTL\***         University of          Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       California @ Los       Investigator                    
                                                       Angeles                                                

                                HAFER                  University of          Guest Jr.                       
                                                       California @ Los       Research                        
                                                       Angeles                Associate                       

  **N-159**                     **KLEIMAN**            Columbia University    Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                                              Investigator                    

                                DAVID                  Columbia University    Guest Scientific                
                                                                              Associate                       

  **N-167**                     **BURMA**              University of Texas    Ph.D, Principal                 
                                                       Medical Branch         Investigator                    

                                UEMATSU                University of Texas    Guest Jr.                       
                                                       Medical Branch         Research                        
                                                                              Associate                       

                                MUKHERJEE              University of Texas    Guest Scientist                 
                                                       Southwestern                                           

                                                                                                              

                                                                                                              

                                                                                                              

  **[PARTICIPANTS Cont.                                                                                       
  (Principal Investigators are                                                                                
  highlighted)]{.underline}**                                                                                 

  **Exp.**                      **Participants**       **Affiliation**                         **Title**      

  **N-168**                     **PUTCHA\***           National Aeronautics                    Ph.D,          
                                                       and Space Admin.                        Principal      
                                                       (NASA)                                  Investigator   

  ** **                         VAKSMAN                Wyle Laboratories @                     Guest          
                                                       Houston                                 Scientific     
                                                                                               Associate      

                                DU                     Wyle Laboratories @                     Guest          
                                                       Houston                                 Scientist      

  **N-169**                     **SHELBY\***           Alfred University                       Ph.D,          
                                                                                               Principal      
                                                                                               Investigator   

  **N-170**                     **WANG\***             Lawrence Berkeley                       Ph.D,          
                                                       National Laboratory                     Principal      
                                                                                               Investigator   

                                RYDBERG                Lawrence Berkeley                       Guest          
                                                       National Laboratory                     Scientist      

  **N-172**                     **BERKOWITZ**          Johns Hopkins                           Ph.D,          
                                                       University                              Principal      
                                                                                               Investigator   

                                SOUCY                  Johns Hopkins                           Guest Research 
                                                       University                              Assistant      

  **N-173**                     **GEARD\***            Columbia University                     Ph.D,          
                                                                                               Principal      
                                                                                               Investigator   

  ** **                         GRABHAM                Columbia University                     Guest          
                                                                                               Scientist      

  ** **                         HU                     COLUMBIA NEVIS LAB                      Guest Research 
                                                                                               Associate      

                                ZACONTE                University of Rome II                   Guest Research 
                                                                                               Assistant      

  **N-174**                     **WARE**               University of                           Ph.D,          
                                                       Pennsylvania                            Principal      
                                                                                               Investigator   

                                DONAHUE                University of                           Guest          
                                                       Pennsylvania                            Scientific     
                                                                                               Associate      

                                KENNEDY                University of                           Guest          
                                                       Pennsylvania                            Scientist      

  **N-175**                     **FIKE\***             University of                           Ph.D,          
                                                       California San                          Principal      
                                                       Francisco                               Investigator   

                                LLOYD                  Loma Linda University                   Guest          
                                                                                               Scientific     
                                                                                               Associate      

                                SMITH                  Loma Linda University                   Guest          
                                                                                               Scientific     
                                                                                               Associate      

  **N-176**                     **CUCINOTTA**          NASA - Johnson Space                    Ph.D,          
                                                       Center                                  Principal      
                                                                                               Investigator   

                                ELLIOTT                Wyle Laboratories @                     Guest          
                                                       Houston                                 Scientific     
                                                                                               Associate      

                                HARPER                 Medical Research                        Guest Research 
                                                       Council                                 Associate      

                                PLUTH                  Lawrence Berkeley                       Guest          
                                                       National Laboratory                     Scientist      

                                GEORGE                 Wyle Laboratories @                     Guest          
                                                       Houston                                 Scientific     
                                                                                               Associate      

  **\*Not Present During Actual                                                                               
  Run**                                                                                                       
  ----------------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------- ---------------- -------------- ------------------

##  Participant Institutions

  ------------------------------- -- ------------------------------------
  **[Universities                    **[National
  (26)]{.underline}**                Laboratories/Institutions
                                     (2)]{.underline}**

  Columbia University, Nevis         Brookhaven National Laboratory
  Laboratories                       

  Columbia University                Lawrence Berkeley National
                                     Laboratory

  Flinders University of South       
  Australia                          

  Johns Hopkins University           

  Loma Linda University              

  Loma Linda University Medical      
  Center                             

  Medical Research Council           **[NASA Related Centers/institutions
                                     (4)]{.underline}**

  Oregon Health & Science            NASA - Johnson Space Center
  University                         

  Prairie View A&M University        NASA - Langley Research Center

  Texas A&M University               NASA - Loma Linda University Medical
                                     School

  U.S. Naval Academy                 National Aeronautics and Space
                                     Admin. (NASA)

  Universita di Napoli               

  Universities Space Research        **[Private Institutions
  Association                        (1)]{.underline}**

  University Federico II             Massachusetts General Hospital

  University of California @         
  Davis                              

  University of California @ Los     **[Government (2)]{.underline}**
  Angeles                            

  University of California @ San     Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
  Francisco                          (JINR)

  University of Cincinnati           Wyle Laboratories @ Houston

  University of Kentucky             

  University of Maryland             

  University of New Hampshire        

  University of Pennsylvania         

  University of Rome II              

  University of Tennessee            

  University of Texas Medical        
  Branch                             

  University of Texas                
  Southwestern                       
  ------------------------------- -- ------------------------------------

## RESEARCH PROJECT SPONSORS

![](media/image3.wmf){width="6.89375in" height="3.5125in"}

## INSTITUTION STATISTICS

![](media/image4.wmf){width="6.899305555555555in"
height="2.941666666666667in"}

## TOTAL RUN-TIME STATISTICS

![](media/image5.wmf)

## SCIENCE STUDIES STATISTICS

![](media/image6.wmf)

### ![](media/image7.wmf)ION SPECIES AND ENERGY (MeV/n) DISTRIBUTION

# 

# 

# 

### RUN TIME DESCRIPTION (hours)

  ----------------- ----------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
  **NSRL-06B**      **ION SPECIES AND                                              
                    ENERGIES                                                       
                    (MeV/nucleon)**                                                

  ** **             H                 Fe       Fe       Fe-H     Ti       O        Totals

                    1000              600      1000     1000     1000     1000     

  **Machine         6:00              8:00     16:00    4:00     4:00     4:00     42:00
  Set-Up**                                                                         

  **Wrap-Up**       1:30              2:00     4:00     1:00     1:00     1:00     10:30

  **Non-Science                                                                    
  Sub-Total:                                                                       
  52:30**                                                                          

  **Development**   1:44              5:00     5:49     0:00     0:00     3:14     15:47

                                                                                   

  **Biology**                                                                      

  **In Vitro**      28:46             2:18     51:05    9:23     15:37    4:35     111:44

  **In Vivo**       0:00              5:54     12:47    0:00     0:00     0:00     18:41

  **Others**        0:00              0:00     2:06     0:00     0:00     0:00     2:06

  **Physics**       8:16              0:00     27:11    0:00     10:31    10:37    56:35

  **Science Sub                                                                    
  Total: 189:06**                                                                  

  **Time lost**     1:00              0:10     9:40     2:00     0:50     0:00     13:40

                                                                                   

  **Totals**        47:16             20:28    128:38   16:23    31:58    23:26    271:03
  ----------------- ----------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------

##  BEAM CHARACTERISTICS

  ------------------------- ----------- ---------- ---------- -------------- ---------- ----------
  **Ion**                   **Fe**                 **H**      **Sequential   **Ti**     **O**
                                                              Field**                   

  **Energy (MeV/n)**                                                                     

  **Planned**               600         1000       1000       1000           1000       1000

  **Extracted**             600         1000       1000       1000           1000       1000

  **On Target**             575         968        1000\*     968/1000\*     975        1000\*

  **Fluence                                                                              
  (particles/cm^2^/sec)**                                                               

  **Maximum on target**     2.60E+06    7.50E+06   2.10E+08   1.60E+07       2.60E+06   2.10E+05

  **Minimum on target**     200         200        200        200            200         200

  **Spill Period (sec)**    3           3          3          3              3          3

  **Spill rate              20          20         20         20             20         20
  (spills/min)**                                                                        

  **Spill length (msec)**   300         300        300        300            300        300

  **Particles/spill**                                                                    

  **Maximum**               1.20E+09    2.60E+09   9.00E+10   2.6E9/9.0E10   1.03E+09   3.00E+09

  **Minimum**               1.00E+05    1.00E+05   2.00E+02   1.00E+05       1.00E+05   1.00E+05

  **Beam Cut Off Accuracy** 0.50%       0.50%      0.50%      0.50%          0.50%      0.50%

  **Actual LET on Target     174        151.4      0.222\*    151.4/0.222    108.2      14.2
  (keV/µm)**                                                                            

  **Max. Dose Rate**                                                                     

  **(Gy/min)/Beam Size**                                                                 

  **20 cm x 20 cm**         3.5         4          0.7        5              2          2.5

  **Total Dose (Gy)**                                                                    

  **Maximum**               10          10         10         30             3          20

  **Minimum**                .02        0.05       0.01       0.1            0.01       0.01
  ------------------------- ----------- ---------- ---------- -------------- ---------- ----------

# 

-   No Bragg results are available for H or O beam running.

# DOSIMETRY AND BEAM DEVELOPMENTS

**Target Room Access:**

Since NSRL experiments overlapped with RHIC for most of the NSRL-06B
running, extra safeguards were required for access to the target room.
This necessitated longer access time for experimenters. Typical times
for target room entrances and exits were five minutes longer than during
running periods when RHIC was off. This made exposures slower, and
generally prolonged the schedule, emphasizing the importance of making
NSRL access independent of Booster/AGS/RHIC beam components.

**Digital Beam Imager:**

After four running periods (NSRL-5, 6, 7, and 06A) using the Digital
Beam Imager, radiation damage to the pixel plane required us to send the
camera out for refurbishing. We installed the backup camera for NSRL-06B
and it gave as good service as the previous one.

**Beam Development:**

During NSRL-06B beam development periods we were able to prepare and
expose a series of pharmaceutical samples for the N-168 protocol that
had otherwise not been scheduled.

**Energy Switching:**

Our experience from NSRL-06A gave us confidence that changing beam
energy was a simple matter of loading a different file with magnet
settings. This was accomplished by the experts in less than 4 minutes
during the last run. The responsibility for energy switching for this
run was handed over to routine operators. Final beam tuning for the new
energy proved to be too difficult for the operators, so we need to
continue working with the experts in order to improve the energy
switching program before we can rely on operators.

**Locally-captured sweep key:**

Doing target-room sweeps with a locally captured sweep key made life
much easier for all. We lost sweeps several times this run, but lost
only a few minutes for each. In the past we lost about 20 minutes per
sweep, and some times even more.

**Data Acquisition:**

Physics Users made use of the NSRL data acquisition system to record
data for a variety of physics experiments. This VME-based system records
events at \~2000 events per second, allowing for much higher data rates
and quicker exposures than most users could make use of previously.

## RUN DATES

  -------------- ------------ -------------- ------------- ------------- -----------
  **Ion Beam**   **Energy**   **Scheduled    **Scheduled   **Actual      **Actual
                              start**        End**         Start**       End**

  **Fe-56**      1000         6/8/06 7:00 AM 6/12/06 5:00  6/8/06 7:00   6/12/06
                                             PM            AM            6:00 PM

  **O-16**       1000         6/13/06 7:00   6/14/06 5:00  6/13/06 7:00  6/14/06
                              AM             PM            AM            6:12 PM

  **Ti-48**      1000         6/15/06 7:00   6/16/06 5:00  6/15/06 7:00  6/16/06
                              AM             PM            AM            4:58 PM

  **Fe-56**      1000         6/17/06 7:00   6/22/06 11:30 6/17/06 7:00  6/22/06
                              AM             AM            AM            11:52 AM

  **Fe-56**      600          6/22/06 11:30  6/22/06 12:30 6/22/06 11:52 6/22/06
                              AM             PM            AM            12:05 PM

  **Fe-56**      1000         6/22/06 12:30  6/24/06 7:30  6/22/06 12:05 6/25/06
                              PM             PM            PM            2:04 AM

  **Fe-56**      600          6/25/06 7:00   6/25/06 3:30  6/25/06 7:00  6/25/06
                              AM             PM            AM            4:55 PM

  **H-1**        1000         6/26/06 7:00   6/28/06 7:00  6/26/06 7:00  6/28/06
                              AM             PM            AM            5:00 PM

  **Sequential   1000         6/29/06 7:00   6/30/06 9:00  6/29/06 7:00  6/30/06
  Field**                     AM             PM            AM            5:27 PM
  -------------- ------------ -------------- ------------- ------------- -----------

# 

## EXPERIMENTERS AND RUN STATISTICS

+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| ** | **P      | *      | *   | *     | **   | **Dose   | ** | *  |
| Ex | rinciple | *Ion** | *En | *Beam | Beam | Range**  | Do | *S |
| p. | Invest   |        | erg | Time  | Time |          | se | am |
| ** | igator** | **Spe  | y** | Appro | Us   |          | Ra | pl |
|    |          | cies** |     | ved** | ed** |          | te | es |
|    |          |        | **  |       |      |          | ** | ** |
|    |          |        | (Me |       |      |          |    |    |
|    |          |        | V/n |       |      |          |    |    |
|    |          |        | )** |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| B- | Durante, | Ti     | 1   | 4:30  | 3:50 | .0       | 1  | 22 |
| 44 | Marco    | tanium | 000 |       |      | 0001-100 | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Durante, | Oxygen | 1   | 4:30  | 0:00 | \-       | \- | \- |
|    | Marco    |        | 000 |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Durante, | Iron   | 600 | 4:00  | 0:00 | \-       | \- | \- |
|    | Marco    |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Durante, | Iron   | 1   | 8:00  | 9:48 | 25-300   | 50 | 10 |
|    | Marco    |        | 000 |       |      |          | -1 |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Durante, | P      | 1   | 3:30  | 4:10 | 100      |    | 12 |
|    | Marco    | rotons | 000 |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N- | Su       | Sequ   | 1   | 12:00 | 3:34 | 20-3000  | 20 | 51 |
| 52 | therland | ential | 000 |       |      |          | -5 |    |
|    | /Gewirtz | Field  |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N- | Vazquez, | Iron   | 1   | 3:20  | 3:30 | 50-200   | 1  | 50 |
| 65 | Marcelo  |        | 000 |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Vazquez, | P      | 1   | 2:12  | 1:15 | 200      | 30 | 9  |
|    | Marcelo  | rotons | 000 |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| B- | Sutherla | Ti     | 1   | 0:00  | 1:13 | 20-200   | 20 | 20 |
| 73 | nd,Betsy | tanium | 000 |       |      |          | -2 |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Sutherla | Iron   | 600 | 1:30  | 0:00 | \-       | \- | \- |
|    | nd,Betsy |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Sutherla | Oxygen | 1   | 1:30  | 3:10 | 20-2000  | 20 | 1  |
|    | nd,Betsy |        | 000 |       |      |          | -2 | 00 |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | 50 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Sutherla | P      | 1   | 0:00  | 4:14 | 10-5000  | 10 | 28 |
|    | nd,Betsy | rotons | 000 |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Sut      | Sequ   | 1   | 0:00  | 1:12 | 20-3000  | 20 | 17 |
|    | herland, | ential | 000 |       |      |          | -5 |    |
|    | Betsy    | Field  |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N- | Sut      | Sequ   | 1   | 13:00 | 9:11 | 0.0      | 0. | 49 |
| 88 | herland, | ential | 000 |       |      | 001-3000 | 00 |    |
|    | Betsy    | Field  |     |       |      |          | 01 |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | -5 |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N- | Held,    | Ti     | 1   | 6:20  | 5:46 | .0       | 10 | 36 |
| 89 | Kathy    | tanium | 000 |       |      | 0001-300 | -1 |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Held,    | Iron   | 1   | 7:00  | 7:35 | .0       | .0 | 98 |
|    | Kathy    |        | 000 |       |      | 0001-300 | 00 |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | 01 |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | -2 |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Held,    | P      | 1   | 6:12  | 5:12 | .0       | 20 | 4  |
|    | Kathy    | rotons | 000 |       |      | 0001-300 |    | 48 |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Held,    | Sequ   | 1   | 4:15  | 4:21 | 10       | 20 | 1  |
|    | Kathy    | ential | 000 |       |      |          |    | 00 |
|    |          | Field  |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Hall,    | Iron   | 1   | 2:30  | 1:34 | 20-300   | 50 | 0  |
| -1 | Eric     |        | 000 |       |      |          | -1 |    |
| 02 |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Barcel   | Iron   | 1   | 10:00 | 8:08 | 5-500    | 10 | 2  |
| -1 | los-Hoff |        | 000 |       |      |          | -1 | 20 |
| 03 |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Obenaus, | Iron   | 600 | 2:00  | 3:00 | 50-400   | 1  | 48 |
| -1 | Andre    |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
| 13 |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | NSRSS    | Iron   | 1   | 0:00  | 1    | 10-400   | 20 | 32 |
| -1 |          |        | 000 |       | 6:13 |          | -2 |    |
| 28 |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | NSRSS    | Ti     | 1   | 12:12 | 0:00 | \-       | \- | \- |
|    |          | tanium | 000 |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Limoli,  | Iron   | 1   | 6:00  | 6:10 | 10-500   | 20 | 1  |
| -1 | Charlie  |        | 000 |       |      |          | -2 | 52 |
| 29 |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Limoli,  | Iron   | 600 | 2:30  | 2:28 | 10-500   | 20 | 1  |
|    | Charlie  |        |     |       |      |          | -2 | 00 |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Chen,    | Iron   | 1   | 2:00  | 2:37 | 20-200   | 50 | 59 |
| -1 | David    |        | 000 |       |      |          |    |    |
| 34 |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Chen,    | Oxygen | 1   | 2:30  | 1:25 | 50-150   | 50 | 11 |
|    | David    |        | 000 |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| *  |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| *E |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| XP |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| ER |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| IM |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| EN |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| TE |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| RS |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| A  |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| ND |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| R  |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| UN |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| ST |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| AT |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| IS |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| TI |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| CS |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| (  |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| co |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| nt |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| .) |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| ** |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| ** | **P      | *      | *   | *     | **   | **Dose   | ** | *  |
| Ex | rinciple | *Ion** | *En | *Beam | Beam | Range**  | Do | *S |
| p. | Invest   |        | erg | Time  | Time |          | se | am |
| ** | igator** | **Spe  | y** | Appro | Us   |          | Ra | pl |
|    |          | cies** |     | ved** | ed** |          | te | es |
|    |          |        | **  |       |      |          | ** | ** |
|    |          |        | (Me |       |      |          |    |    |
|    |          |        | V/n |       |      |          |    |    |
|    |          |        | )** |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Pluth,   | Iron   | 1   | 8:00  | 6:58 | 5-600    | 10 | 1  |
| -1 | Janice   |        | 000 |       |      |          | -1 | 41 |
| 35 |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Britt,   | Iron   | 1   | 3:00  | 2:07 | 10       | 3  | 34 |
| -1 | Ann      |        | 000 |       |      | 00-10000 | 00 |    |
| 36 |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Raber    | Iron   | 600 | 7:42  | 2:55 | \-       | \- | 48 |
| -1 |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
| 55 |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | P        | Iron   | 1   | 8:00  | 8:58 | low dose | l  | 0  |
| -1 | isacane, |        | 000 |       |      |          | ow |    |
| 56 | Vincent  |        |     |       |      |          | ra |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | te |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | P        | Oxygen | 1   | 8:00  | 1    | low dose | l  | 1  |
|    | isacane, |        | 000 |       | 0:37 |          | ow |    |
|    | Vincent  |        |     |       |      |          | ra |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | te |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | P        | Ti     | 1   | 8:00  | 1    | low dose | l  | 1  |
|    | isacane, | tanium | 000 |       | 0:32 |          | ow |    |
|    | Vincent  |        |     |       |      |          | ra |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | te |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | P        | P      | 1   | 8:00  | 9:17 | low dose | l  | 1  |
|    | isacane, | rotons | 000 |       |      |          | ow |    |
|    | Vincent  |        |     |       |      |          | ra |    |
|    |          |        |     |       |      |          | te |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | S        | Iron   | 1   | 3:30  | 2:45 | 100      | 50 | 1  |
| -1 | chiestl, |        | 000 |       |      |          |    | 71 |
| 57 | Robert   |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Kleiman, | Iron   | 1   | 5:30  | 5:14 | 5-25     | 1  | 56 |
| -1 | Norman   |        | 000 |       |      |          | 0- |    |
| 59 |          |        |     |       |      |          | 40 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Burma,   | Iron   | 1   | 2:00  | 1    | 5-500    | 1  | 24 |
| -1 | Sandeep  |        | 000 |       | 0:29 |          | 00 |    |
| 67 |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Burma,   | P      | 1   | 2:30  | 1:31 | 50-400   | 30 | 20 |
|    | Sandeep  | rotons | 000 |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | B        | Iron   | 1   | 2:30  | 3:15 | 50-100   | 1  | 40 |
| -1 | erkowitz |        | 000 |       |      |          | 00 |    |
| 72 |          |        |     |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Geard    | Iron   | 1   | 2:30  | 1:07 | 20-80    | 5  | 32 |
| -1 |          |        | 000 |       |      |          | 0- |    |
| 73 |          |        |     |       |      |          | 60 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Geard    | P      | 1   | 3:00  | 1:09 | 20-160   | 50 | 22 |
|    |          | rotons | 000 |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Ware,    | Iron   | 1   | 2:00  | 2:08 | 20-200   | 20 | 36 |
| -1 | Jeffrey  |        | 000 |       |      |          | -2 |    |
| 74 |          |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Ware,    | P      | 1   | 6:30  | 4:18 | 60-600   | 20 | 90 |
|    | Jeffrey  | rotons | 000 |       |      |          |    |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
| N  | Cu       | Ti     | 1   | 6:00  | 5:37 | 10-150   | 10 | 80 |
| -1 | cinotta, | tanium | 000 |       |      |          | -1 |    |
| 76 | Francis  |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+
|    | Cu       | Iron   | 1   | 3:30  | 4:13 | 10-300   | 10 | 62 |
|    | cinotta, |        | 000 |       |      |          | -1 |    |
|    | Francis  |        |     |       |      |          | 00 |    |
+----+----------+--------+-----+-------+------+----------+----+----+