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     ![](media/image1.pct){width="0.44166666666666665in"                    
     height="0.41597222222222224in"} **Fermilab Directorate**               

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**MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING**

**FOR THE 2007 MESON TEST BEAM PROGRAM**

**T-963**

**STAR MUON TELESCOPE DETECTOR**

**January 25, 2007**

INTRODUCTION 3

I. PERSONNEL AND INSTITUTIONS: 5

II\. EXPERIMENTAL AREA, BEAMS AND SCHEDULE CONSIDERATIONS 6

III\. RESPONSIBILITIES BY INSTITUTION - NON FERMILAB 8

IV\. RESPONSIBILITIES BY INSTITUTION - FERMILAB 8

4.1 Fermilab Accelerator Division 8

4.2 Fermilab Particle Physics Division 9

4.3 Fermilab Computing Physics Division 9

4.4 Fermilab ES&H Section 9

V. Summary of Costs 9

VI\. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS 10

SIGNATURES 11

APPENDIX I - Hazard Identification Checklist 12

**INTRODUCTION**

The experimenters propose an R&D research on a large-area and
cost-effective muon telescope detector (MTD) for RHIC and for next
generation detectors at future QCD Lab from state-of-art multi-gap
resistive plate chamber (MRPC) with large module and long strips.
Conventional muon detectors rely heavily on tracking stations while this
new R&D project proposes to use good timing and coarse spatial
resolutions to identify muons with momentum of a few GeV/c. This R&D
project was approved as BNL LDRD (Lab Director R&D) project and will
focus on studying the capability of muon identification based on timing
resolution from the MRPC detector with large module, long strips and
fast electronics for online trigger. The experimenters propose to build
a prototype MTD with three layers: MRPC TOF + Wire Chamber +
Scintillator trays. This will be tested outside the STAR magnet using
the return iron yokes as hadron absorber (5 interaction length). It will
have excellent timing resolution (\<100ps), good spatial points for
tracking(\<cm) and some dE/dx capability to evaluate the MRPC
performance as a compact muon detector.

In addition, STAR has an upgrade project of Time-of-Flight system, which
uses MRPC with pad size of (3cmx6cm). The STAR TOF upgrade will provide
new capabilities relevant to many of the questions posed by the present
state of phenomenology and understanding. The upgrade will provide e, π,
k and p separation in the momentum region between those available
through dE/dx measurements in the STAR TPC. This new capability will add
to the single particle and event by event performance of the apparatus
and allow more discriminating tests of current models of freezeout and
hadronization, in-medium energy loss processes as well as give access to
wide acceptance studies of vector mesons and heavy flavors. One of the
TOF milestones is to test the new electronics. TOF is located 220cm away
the interaction point, and it is inside the magnet and right outside the
STAR Time Projection Chamber (TPC). The prototype of this detector has
been installed in STAR and some of the physics results have been
analyzed. A newly discovered capability is that the TOF can be used to
identify muons at very low momentum (pT\~=200 MeV). With ½ T magnetic
field, muons at this momentum will have large incident angle, which may
result in their detecting efficiency different from nominally
implemented in the simulation from efficiency with small incident angle.
The size of the detector is 20cmx6cm in a gas box of 50cmx50cmx20cm.

The experimenters will use FNAL test beam facility to test the
performance of TOF electronics, MRPC strips and two wire chambers before
installation at STAR/RHIC :

A\) Time resolution and detection efficiency vs HV, threshold and gas
mixture.

B\) Position dependence along length- and width- direction

C\) Response for inclined particle crossing.

D\) With hadron absorber (1---1.5meter steel) in and out of the beam for
low-momentum (\<10 GeV/c) muon identification.

E\) Readout electronics and cable connection test.

F\) Footprint (size of the avalanche) of the signal by vertical scan

G\) performance of wire chamber (stability, resolution)

The experimenters propose to use the test beam in April/May 2007 and
will need a motion table to scan the detector.

The memorandum is intended solely for the purpose of providing a work
allocation for Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and the
participating universities and institutions. It reflects an arrangement
that is currently satisfactory to the parties involved. It is
recognized, however, that changing circumstances of the evolving
research program may necessitate revisions. The parties agree to
negotiate amendments to this memorandum to reflect such revisions.

**References:**

1.  Zhangbu Xu (Principal Investigator):\
    "A novel and compact muon telescope detector for QCDLab", BNL LDRD
    project

2.  RHIC experimental white papers: Nuclear Physics **A 757** (2005**)**

3.  Theoretical overview of dilepton physics:\
    R. Rapp and J. Wambach, Adv. Nucl. Phys. 25 (2000) 1\
    T. Matsui and H. Saltz, Phys. Lett. B 178 (1986)416\
    Electromagnetic Probes at RHIC II (Working Group Report):
    nucl-ex/0611009

4.  Dilepton experimental results in relativistic heavy ion collisions:\
    NA50 Collaboration: Phys. Lett. B 410 (1997) 337,\
    CERES Collaboration: Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995) 1272,\
    PHENIX Collaboration: Phys. Rev. C 69 (2004) 014901

5.  Muon Detectors at Colliders (e.g.):\
    PHENIX;CDF;BELLE;BES;ATLAS; AMS

6.  STAR Time-of-Flight Proposal:\
    http://www.star.bnl.gov/STAR/tof/publications/TOF_20040524.p

    **I.** **PERSONNEL AND INSTITUTIONS:**

Spokesman and physicist in charge of beam tests: Zhangbu Xu, BNL

Fermilab liaison: Erik Ramberg

The group members at present and others interested in the test beam are:

1.1 BNL: Patricia Fachinia, Frank Laue (physicist), a postdoc,

\+ engineers help on cables, electronics and gas systems

1.2 USTC/China: Yongjie Sun (staff), Cheng Li and Hongfang Chen
(professors)

1.3 Tsinghua University: Yi Wang (professor)

1.4 Yale University: Richard Majka and Nikolai Smirnov (scientist)

1.5 Rice University: Bill Llope, Jing Liu and Geary Eppley (Scientists),

Ted Nussbaun (Engineer)

1.6 University of Texas/Austin: Jo Schamback, Jerry Hoffmann, Kohei
Kajimoto, a postdoc

1.7 UCLA: Vahe Ghazikhanian

# EXPERIMENTAL AREA, BEAMS AND SCHEDULE CONSIDERATIONS

**2.1 LOCATION**

2.1.1 The tests are to be performed in the MTEST beam line in either the
MT6-2A or MT6-2C area on a motion table. The total length of the
detectors along the beam is \~ 1.5m, including end effects. Transversely
the detector is 2.4 m x .5 m. The experimenters will use Beam counters
provided by facility as trigger and start time detector, or will put
some beam counter upstream before the steel of hadron absorber.

2.1.2 The experimenters need a support (table) on which to mount the
detectors. This should allow horizontal and vertical scans of
\~20cmx100cm , which would allow the detectors to be scanned and also to
be moved out of the beam line in case there are other users downstream
sharing the beam. If the experimenters can not scan the whole detector
in full length and width, access may be needed to reposition the
detector. The experimenters need a cable tray to carry the signal cables
from the detector to the fast electronics control area. The
experimenters will need some support to align the apparatus relative to
the beam line.

**2.2 BEAM**

2.2.1 BEAM TYPE and INTENSITY

Type of Beam Needed: pion or muon beam, proton beam also desirable

Intensity Needed: \< 1 KHz

Size of Beam needed: 1\--10cm^2^

The experimenters would like to have nominal beam particle momentum \~5
GeV/c, and intensity \<200Hz/cm^2^, and at least one test at 50Hz/cm^2^.
The experimenters would also like to take a few data points at beam
momentum of 2, 5, 10, and 20 GeV/c with and without half (1.5m steel)
absorber. And 120 GeV/c beam with and without full (3m steel) absorber.
As long the beam particle momentum and direction can be identified, the
beam spot can be large (\~10cm\^2).

2.2.2 BEAM SHARING

Because of limited manpower availability and other commitments the
experimenters will be unable to run continuously. These detectors could
be moved sideways out of the beam, if needed.

3.  **EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS**

    1.  ELECTRONICS NEEDS: The experimenters will have 12 channels of
        TDC and ADC for MRPC readout, and pico4 readout system for wire
        chamber. Both will use CAMAC system. The Long MRPC modules have
        been built and tested with cosmic ray at USTC/China. It will be
        shipped to BNL. Readout electronics have been used in PHENIX TOF
        in last year's RHIC run. The TOF MRPC and its start counters
        will have Tray electronics: 8 TINO, 8 TDIG, 1 TCPU and 3 TPMD, 3
        TDIG, 1 TCPU, and a PC for the DAQ with one RORC card and a
        CANbus interface. Details of the electronics are described in
        Reference 6 (TOF proposal). These electronics will be provided
        by TOF project (Rice and UT). No equipment is anticipated of
        PREP at this time.

    2.  SCHEDULE : The experimenters propose to begin installing the
        equipments and setting up the electronics in early April 2007
        and take data sometime in middle to end of April. The
        experimenters may have to come back in fall 2007 to perform
        another test if improvement of the R&D is needed.

2.3.3 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF TESTS:

\(a\) Set up trigger scintillators and Cerenkov detectors timing in with
MRPC detectors. It will be necessary to have scintillators or Cerenkov
detectors (\<100ps) upstream (before the absorber) to measure the
Time-of-Flight and reject events from pion showers. This should be
provided by the facility. This will provide a trigger counters as well
as start timing for MRPC.

\(b\) With beam centrally through Cerenkov detectors, scan in HV,
determine the optimal range/value for MRPC and wire chambers. 20 HV
points.

\(c\) With the HV set, scan vertically and horizontally (x-y scan) over
steps of \~1cm. The experimenters would aim for 10,000 events (1%
statistics) on a 1cm x 5cm grid. This will sample horizontally 30 data
points and vertically 20 data points.

d\) Gas composition from nominal Freon 134a (95%)+ Isobutane (5%) to
Freon 134a (92%)+ Isobutane (5%)+SF6 (3%) and find the optimal HV
range/value for MRPC. Gas flow will be less than 50 cc/minute. The
experiment will report to Fermilab on the total gas emission from the
experiment and ensure that it is below the limit of 0.1 lbs/hour.

e\) For small pad TOF MRPC, measure the responses with incident beam
particle angle. 0---90 degree with 10 data points. And vertical and
horizontal scans similar to c) for long MRPC.

f\) With and without thin absorber, study muon beam efficiency and pion
beam particle rejection. The beam particle momentum at 2, 5, 10 GeV/c.

g\) With and without thick (3m steel) absorber, study muon beam
efficiency and pion beam particle rejection at beam particle momentum of
120 GeV/c.

**III RESPONSIBILITIES BY INSTITUTION - NON FERMILAB**

1.  BNL: Setting up electronics, assemble MRPC and gas systems, readout
    CAMAC, test beam coordination, providing LDRD fund for the testing

2.  USTC/China: providing long MRPC modules

3.  Yale University: Wire Chamber and pico4 readout system

4.  Rice University: MRPC FEE, tray box

5.  University of Texas/Austin: Assembly TOF tray and DAQ

6.  UCLA: LV/HV power supplies

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IV. **RESPONSIBILITIES BY INSTITUTION -- FERMILAB**

## 4.1 Fermilab Accelerator Division: {#fermilab-accelerator-division .unnumbered}

1.  Use of MTest beam as outlined in Section 2.

2.  Maintenance of all existing standard beam line elements (SWICs, loss
    monitors, etc) instrumentation, controls, clock distribution, and
    power supplies.

3.  Reasonable access to the experimenters' equipment in the test beam.

4.  The Accelerator Division will provide the ability to independently
    control the 4.5 foot half sections of the beam stop in enclosure
    MT6-section 1.

5.  The test beam energy and beam line elements will be under the
    control of the AD Operations Department Main Control Room (MCR).

6.  Position and focus of the beam on the experimental devices under
    test will be under control of MCR. Control of secondary devices that
    provide these functions will be delegated to the experimenters as
    long as it does not violate the Shielding Assessment or provide
    potential for significant equipment damage.

## 4.2 Fermilab Particle Physics Division  {#fermilab-particle-physics-division .unnumbered}

4.2.1 The test-beam efforts in this MOU will make use of the Meson Test
Beam Facility. Requirements for the beam and user facilities are given
in Section 2. The Fermilab Particle Physics Division will be responsible
for coordinating overall activities in the MTest beam-line, including
use of the user beam-line controls, readout of the beam-line detectors,
and MTest gateway computer.

2.  Scintillator/Cerenkov counters provided by facility for trigger and
    start time.

4.2.3 Test beam facility computing support as needed, although 24/7
support may not be available

4.2.4 The test beam facility shall provide a table or cart upon which
the counter assembly is mounted, with a total weight of 250 lbs. The
cart needs to provide vertical as well as horizontal motion to a
precision of a few mm. PPD personnel will make modifications to mount
the counter assembly and stabilize the load and to provide linear
motion. The value of the position needs to be available.

4.3 Fermilab Computing Division

1.  Ethernet and printer should be available in the counting house.

2.  Connection to beams control console and remote logging (ACNET)
    should be made available in the counting house.

3.  Assistance with setup of CAMAC system.

4.4 Fermilab ES&H Section

1.  Assistance with safety reviews.

.

.

# V. Summary of Costs {#v.-summary-of-costs .unnumbered}

**Source of Funds \[\$K\] Equipment Operating Personnel**

(person-weeks)

Particle Physics Division \$0 K \$0 K 1.0

Accelerator Division 0 0 0.5

Computing Division 0 0 0

Totals Fermilab 0 K 0 1.5

Totals Non-Fermilab \[\$60 K\] 0 5.0

# VI. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS {#vi.-special-considerations .unnumbered}

6.1 The responsibilities of the spokesman of the STAR MTD group and the
procedures to be followed by experimenters are found in the Fermilab
publication \"Procedures for Experimenters\":
(<http://www.fnal.gov/directorate/documents/index.html>). The Physicist
in charge agrees to those responsibilities and to follow the described
procedures.

6.2 To carry out the experiment a number of Environmental, Safety and
Health (ES&H) reviews are necessary. This includes creating an
Operational Readiness Clearance document in conjunction with the
standing Particle Physics Division committee. The spokesman of the STAR
MTD group will follow those procedures in a timely manner, as well as
any other requirements put forth by the division's safety officer.

6.3 The spokesman of the STAR MTD group will ensure that at least one
person is present at the Meson Test Beam Facility whenever beam is
delivered and that this person is knowledgeable about the experiment's
hazards.

6.4 All regulations concerning radioactive sources will be followed. No
radioactive sources will be carried onto the site or moved without the
approval of the Fermilab ES&H section.

6.5 All items in the Fermilab Policy on Computing will be followed by
the experimenters. (<http://computing.fnal.gov/cd/policy/cpolicy.pdf>).

6.6 The spokesman of the STAR MTD group will undertake to ensure that no
PREP or computing equipment be transferred from the experiment to
another use except with the approval of and through the mechanism
provided by the Computing Division management. They also undertake to
ensure that no modifications of PREP equipment take place without the
knowledge and consent of the Computing Division management.

6.7 The STAR MTD group will be responsible for maintaining and repairing
both the electronics and the computing hardware supplied by them for the
experiment. Any items for which the experiment requests that Fermilab
performs maintenance and repair should appear explicitly in this
agreement.

6.8 At the completion of the experiment:

> 6.8.1 The spokesman of the STAR MTD group is responsible for the
> return of all PREP equipment, computing equipment and non-PREP data
> acquisition electronics. If the return is not completed after a period
> of one year after the end of running the spokesman of the Iowa group
> will be required to furnish, in writing, an explanation for any
> non-return.
>
> 6.8.2 The experimenters agree to remove their experimental equipment
> as the Laboratory requests them to. They agree to remove it
> expeditiously and in compliance with all ES&H requirements, including
> those related to transportation. All the expenses and personnel for
> the removal will be borne by the experimenters.
>
> 6.8.3 The experimenters will assist the Fermilab Divisions and
> Sections with the disposition of any articles left in the offices they
> occupied.
>
> 6.8.4 An experimenter will be available to report on the test beam
> effort at a Fermilab All Experimenters Meeting.

**SIGNATURES:**

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
/ / 2007

Zhangbu Xu, Brookhaven National Laboratory

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
/ / 2007

Greg Bock, Particle Physics Division

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
/ / 2007

Roger Dixon, Accelerator Division

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
/ / 2007

Patricia McBride, Computing Division

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
/ / 2007

William Griffing, ES&H Section

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
/ /2007

Hugh Montgomery, Associate Director, Fermilab

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
/ /2007

Steven Holmes, Associate Director, Fermilab

APPENDIX I - Hazard Identification Checklist

Items for which there is anticipated need have been checked

<table style="width:100%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 2%" />
<col style="width: 20%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 17%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 28%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="4"><strong>Cryogenics</strong></td>
<td colspan="4"><strong>Electrical Equipment</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>Hazardous/Toxic</strong></p>
<p><strong>Materials</strong></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Beam line magnets</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Cryo/Electrical devices</td>
<td></td>
<td>List hazardous/toxic materials</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Analysis magnets</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">capacitor banks</td>
<td></td>
<td>planned for use in a beam line or experimental enclosure:</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Target</td>
<td><strong>X</strong></td>
<td colspan="3">high voltage</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Bubble chamber</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">exposed equipment over 50 V</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="4"><strong>Pressure Vessels</strong></td>
<td colspan="4"><strong>Flammable Gases or Liquids</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td>inside diameter</td>
<td colspan="2">Type:</td>
<td colspan="2">92% Freon 134a, 5% isobutene, 3% SF6</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td>operating pressure</td>
<td colspan="2">Flow rate:</td>
<td colspan="2">50 cc/minute</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td>window material</td>
<td colspan="2">Capacity:</td>
<td colspan="2">10 Lbs</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td>window thickness</td>
<td colspan="4"><strong>Radioactive Sources</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="4"><strong>Vacuum Vessels</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">permanent installation</td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Target Materials</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td>inside diameter</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">temporary use</td>
<td></td>
<td>Beryllium (Be)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td>operating pressure</td>
<td colspan="3">Type:</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Lithium (Li)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td>window material</td>
<td colspan="3">Strength:</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Mercury (Hg)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td>window thickness</td>
<td colspan="4"><strong>Hazardous Chemicals</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td>Lead (Pb)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="4"><strong>Lasers</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Cyanide plating materials</td>
<td></td>
<td>Tungsten (W)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Permanent installation</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Scintillation Oil</td>
<td></td>
<td>Uranium (U)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Temporary installation</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">PCBs</td>
<td></td>
<td>Other</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Calibration</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Methane</td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Mechanical Structures</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Alignment</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">TMAE</td>
<td><strong>X</strong></td>
<td>Lifting devices</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2">type:</td>
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">TEA</td>
<td><strong>X</strong></td>
<td>Motion controllers - manual</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2">Wattage:</td>
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">photographic developers</td>
<td></td>
<td>scaffolding/elevated platforms</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2">class:</td>
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">Other: Activated Water?</td>
<td></td>
<td>Others</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>