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FOREWORD

The Recording and Coding Guide for the Structure Inventory and Appraisal
of the Nation\'s Bridges (Guide) has been revised several times in the
past. This latest edition revises the Guide to convert all of the units
of measurement to the International System of Units. This revised Guide
represents several years of effort by the Federal Highway Administration
with the States\' cooperation and comments, both indvidually and through
the AASHTO Subcommittee on Bridges and Structures.

Initial distribution of the Guide is being made directly to each FHWA
field office for distribution to the States. Additional copies are
available from the Bridge Management Branch (HNG-33) of the FHWA Bridge
Division.

William A. Weseman, Director

Office of Engineering

Under the Paper Work Reduction Act and CFR 1320 the

Structure Inventory and Appraisal Sheet reporting

requirements have been cleared by OMB under 2125-0501.

**RECORDING AND CODING GUIDE**

**FOR THE STRUCTURE INVENTORY AND APPRAISAL OF THE NATION\'S BRIDGES**

**\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_**

Report No. FHWA-PD-96-001

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Prepared by

Office of Engineering

Bridge Division

Bridge Management Branch

Washington, D.C. 20590

December 1995

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

INTRODUCTION vi

DEFINITION OF TERMS viii

DATA ITEMS

1 State Code 1

2 Highway Agency District 1

3 County (Parish) Code 1

4 Place Code 2

5 Inventory Route 2

6 Features Intersected 5

7 Facility Carried by Structure 5

8 Structure Number 6

9 Location 6

10 Inventory Route, Minimum Vertical Clearance 6

11 Kilometer Point 7

12 Base Highway Network 7

13 LRS Inventory Route, Subroute Number 8

14 (Reserved) 8

15 (Reserved) 8

16 Latitude 8

17 Longitude 9

18 (Reserved) 9

19 Bypass, Detour Length 10

20 Toll 11

21 Maintenance Responsibility 12

22 Owner 12

23 (Reserved) 12

24 (Reserved) 12

25 (Reserved) 12

26 Functional Classification of Inventory Route 13

27 Year Built 13

28 Lanes On and Under the Structure 14

29 Average Daily Traffic 15

30 Year of Average Daily Traffic 16

31 Design Load 16

32 Approach Roadway Width 16

33 Bridge Median 18

34 Skew 19

35 Structure Flared 19

36 Traffic Safety Features 19

37 Historical Significance 21

38 Navigation Control 21

39 Navigation Vertical Clearance 22

40 Navigation Horizontal Clearance 22

41 Structure Open, Posted, or Closed to Traffic 22

42 Type of Service 23

43 Structure Type, Main 24

44 Structure Type, Approach Spans 25

iii

Item Page

45 Number of Spans in Main Unit 26

46 Number of Approach Spans 26

47 Inventory Route, Total Horizontal Clearance 26

48 Length of Maximum Span 28

49 Structure Length 28

50 Curb or Sidewalk Widths 30

51 Bridge Roadway Width, Curb-to-Curb 32

52 Deck Width, Out-to-Out 33

53 Minimum Vertical Clearance Over Bridge Roadway 33

54 Minimum Vertical Underclearance 33

55 Minimum Lateral Underclearance on Right 35

56 Minimum Lateral Underclearance on Left 37

57 (Reserved) 37

\-- Condition Ratings 37

58 Deck 38

59 Superstructure 39

60 Substructure 39

61 Channel and Channel Protection 40

62 Culverts 41

63 Method Used to Determine Operating Rating 42

64 Operating Rating 43

65 Method Used to Determine Inventory Rating 44

66 Inventory Rating 44

\-- Appraisal Ratings 45

67 Structural Evaluation 46

68 Deck Geometry 48

69 Underclearances, Vertical and Horizontal 52

70 Bridge Posting 55

71 Waterway Adequacy 56

72 Approach Roadway Alignment 57

73 (Reserved) 58

74 (Reserved) 58

75 Type of Work 58

76 Length of Structure Improvement 60

77 (Reserved) 62

78 (Reserved) 62

79 (Reserved) 62

80 (Reserved) 62

81 (Reserved) 62

82 (Reserved) 62

83 (Reserved) 62

84 (Reserved) 62

85 (Reserved) 62

86 (Reserved) 62

87 (Reserved) 62

88 (Reserved) 62

89 (Reserved) 62

90 Inspection Date 62

91 Designated Inspection Frequency 62

iv

Item Page

92 Critical Feature Inspection 63

93 Critical Feature Inspection Date 64

94 Bridge Improvement Cost 64

95 Roadway Improvement Cost 65

96 Total Project Cost 65

97 Year of Improvement Cost Estimate 66

98 Border Bridge 66

99 Border Bridge Structure Number 66

100 STRAHNET Highway Designation 67

101 Parallel Structure Designation 67

102 Direction of Traffic 68

103 Temporary Structure Designation 68

104 Highway System of the Inventory Route 69

105 Federal Lands Highways 69

106 Year Reconstructed 69

107 Deck Structure Type 70

108 Wearing Surface/Protective System 70

109 Average Daily Truck Traffic 71

110 Designated National Network 72

111 Pier or Abutment Protection (for Navigation) 72

112 NBIS Bridge Length 73

113 Scour Critical Bridges 75

114 Future Average Daily Traffic 77

115 Year of Future Average Daily Traffic 77

116 Minimum Navigation Vertical Clearance 77

Vertical Lift Bridge

GENERAL 78

APPENDIX A Structure Inventory and Appraisal Sheet

APPENDIX B Sufficiency Rating Formula and Example

APPENDIX C National Bridge Inspection Standards

APPENDIX D Commentary

APPENDIX E NBI Record Format

v

INTRODUCTION

The Recording and Coding Guide for the Structure Inventory and Appraisal
of the Nation\'s Bridges, hereafter referred to as the Guide, has been
revised several times in the past. This latest edition revises the Guide
to convert all of the units of measurement to the International System
of Units (SI). It also provides more thorough and detailed guidance in
evaluating and coding specific bridge data. New items have been added to
include the reporting of Federal Lands Highway Systems, each State\'s
existing linear referencing system (LRS), and the method used to
determine the load ratings. Some items in the Guide have also been
expanded to provide more definitive and explicit explanations and
instructions for coding. Further, more basic definitions applicable to
the instructions in the Guide are provided. The changes are based on
comments received on the previous Guide and the metric version (January
1994) draft Guide. This revised Guide should be thoroughly reviewed by
each individual involved with the National Bridge Inspection Program.

This Guide has been prepared for use by the States, Federal and other
agencies in recording and coding the data elements that will comprise
the National Bridge Inventory data base. By having a complete and
thorough inventory, an accurate report can be made to the Congress on
the number and state of the Nation\'s bridges. The Guide also provides
the data necessary for the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the
Military Traffic Management Command to identify and classify the
Strategic Highway Corridor Network and it\'s connectors for defense
purposes.

The coded items in this Guide are considered to be an integral part of
the data base that can be used to meet several Federal reporting
requirements, as well as part of the States\' needs. These requirements
are set forth in the National Bridge Inspection Standards (23 CFR 650.3)
which are included as Appendix C. A complete, thorough, accurate, and
compatible data base is the foundation of an effective bridge management
system. Reports submitted in connection with the Highway Bridge
Replacement and Rehabilitation Program and the National Bridge
Inspection Program also are related to this Guide.

The [AASHTO Manual for Condition Evaluation of Bridges]{.underline}
discusses the various items of information that are to be recorded as
part of original bridge reports. That manual and the [Bridge
Inspector\'s Training Manual/90]{.underline}, with supplements, discuss
inspection procedures and the preparation of detailed reports about the
structure components. These reports will be the basis for recording
values for many of the data elements shown in the Guide, particularly
those having to do with the condition or the appraisal ratings.

Some bridge owners are collecting bridge condition ratings for items
included in this Guide (Items 58-Deck, 59-Superstructure,
60-Substructure, and 62-Culvere) using the American Association of

vi

Highway and Transportation Officials\' (AASHTO) Guide for Commonly

Recognized (CoRe) Structural Elements. CoRe element inspection ratings
provide detailed condition assessments that can serve as input

into a comprehensive bridge management system (BMS). The FHWA has
provided bridge owners with a computer program for translating bridge

condition data in the CoRe element format to National Bridge Inventory
(NBI) condition ratings for the purpose of NBI data submittal to FHWA.
The purpose of the program is to permit bridge inspectors to record
condition information in a format that satisfies both BMS and NBI data
collection requirements.

The Structure Inventory and Appraisal (SI&A) Sheet and the sufficiency
rating formula, with examples, are included as Appendices A and B,
respectively. The SI&A sheet is intended to be a tabulation of the
pertinent elements of informa­tion about an individual structure. Its use
is optional, subject to the state­ments in the preceding paragraph of
this Introduction. It is important to note that the SI&A Sheet is not an
inspection form but merely a summary sheet of bridge data required by
the FHWA to effectively monitor and manage a National bridge program.

States, Federal and other agencies are encouraged to use the codes and
instructions in this Guide. However, its direct use is optional; each
agency may use its own code scheme provided that the data are directly
translatable into the Guide format. When data are requested by FHWA, the
format will be based on the codes and instructions in this Guide. An
agency choosing to use its own codes shall provide for translation or
conversion of its own codes into those used in the Guide. In other
words, agencies are responsible for having the capability to obtain,
store, and report certain information about bridges whether or not this
Guide or the SI&A Sheet is used. Any requests by the FHWA for submittals
of these data will be based on the definitions, explanations, and codes
supplied in the Guide, the [AASHTO Manual for Condition Evaluation of
Bridges]{.underline} and the [Bridge Inspector\'s Training
Manual/90]{.underline} plus supplements.

The values provided in the tables or otherwise listed in this Guide are
for rating purposes only. Current design standards must be used for
structure design or rehabilitation. All possible combinations of actual
site characteristics are not provided in this Guide. If a special
situation not listed in the Guide is encountered, the evaluation
criteria closest to the actual site situation should be used.

The implementation of this Guide may require some restructuring of an
agency\'s data base and support software. If so, it is suggested that
the agency consider the additional enhancements that would be necessary
to support a bridge management system.

Appendix D is a Commentary that compares, item by item, the 1988 Guide
to this Guide. The Commentary will provide a ready reference for item
changes.

vii

DEFINITION OF TERMS

The definitions of terms used in the Guide are provided below.

(1) [Bridge]{.underline}. The National Bridge Inspection Standards
    published in the [Code of Federal Regulations]{.underline} (23 CFR
    650.3) give the following definition:

> A structure including supports erected over a depression or an
> obstruction, such as water, highway, or railway, and having a track or
> passageway for carrying traffic or other moving loads, and having an
> opening measured along the center of the roadway of more than 20
> feet\* between undercopings of abutments or spring lines of arches, or
> extreme ends of openings for multiple boxes; it may also include
> multiple pipes, where the clear distance between openings is less than
> half of the smaller contiguous opening.

\* (6.1 meters)

\(b\) [Culvert]{.underline}. A structure designed hydraulically to take
advantage of submergence to increase hydraulic capacity. Culverts, as
distinguished from bridges, are usually covered with embankment and are
composed of structural material around the entire perimeter, although
some are supported on spread footings with the streambed serving as the
bottom of the culvert. Culverts may qualify to be considered \"bridge\"
length.

\(c\) [Inventory Route]{.underline}. The route for which the applicable
inventory data is to be recorded. The inventory route may be on the
structure or under the structure. Generally inventories along a route
are made from west to east and south to north.

\(d\) [National Bridge Inventory (NBI)]{.underline}. The aggregation of
structure inventory and appraisal data collected to fulfill the
requirements of the National Bridge Inspection Standards. Each State
shall prepare and maintain an inventory of all bridges subject to the
NBIS.

\(e\) [National Bridge Inventory (NBI) Record]{.underline}. Data which
has been coded according to the Guide for each structure carrying
highway traffic or each inventory route which goes under a structure.
These data are furnished and stored in a compact alphanumeric format on
magnetic tapes or disks suitable for electronic data processing.

\(f\) [National Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS)]{.underline}. Federal
regulations establishing requirements for inspection procedures,
frequency of inspections, qualifications of personnel, inspection
reports, and preparation and main­tenance of a State bridge inventory.
The NBIS apply to all structures defined as bridges located on all
public roads.

\(g\) [Public Road.]{.underline} Any road under the jurisdiction of and
maintained by a public authority and open to public travel.

viii

\(h\) [Structure Inventory and Appraisal (SI&A) Sheet.]{.underline} The
graphic representation of the data recorded and stored for each NBI
record in accordance with this Guide.

\(i\) [Strategic Highway Corridor Network (STRAHNET)]{.underline}. A
system of highways which are strategically important to the defense of
the United States. It includes the Interstate Highways and 25,215
kilometers of other non-interstate highways. The Military Traffic
Management Command Report SE 89-4b-27, [Strategic Highway Corridor
Network]{.underline}, January 1991, contains additional information on
STRAHNET.

\(j\) [STRAHNET Connectors]{.underline} are roads that connect military
installations and ports of embarkation to the STRAHNET. The connector
routes represent about 3,042 kilometers of roads that complement
STRAHNET.

\(k\) [Indian Reservation Road (IRR)]{.underline}. A public road that is
located within or provides access to an Indian reservation as described
in Title 23, U.S.C., Sect.101. The terminus of a road providing access
to an Indian reservation or other Indian land is defined as the point at
which the road intersects with a road functionally classified as a
collector or higher classification (outside the reservation boundary) in
both urban and rural areas. In the case of access from an Interstate
Highway, the terminus is the first interchange outside the reservation.

\(l\) [Land Management Highway System (LMHS)]{.underline}. Consists of
adjoining state and local public roads that provide major public access
to Bureau of Land Management administered public lands, resources, and
facilities.

\(m\) [Forest Highway (FH)]{.underline}. A road, under the jurisdiction
of, and maintained by, a public authority and open to public travel;
wholly or partly within, or adjacent to, and serving the National Forest
System (NFS) and which is necessary for the protection, administration,
and utilization of the NFS and the use and development of its resources.
(23 CFR 660).

\(n\) [Forest Service Development Road.]{.underline} A forest road
wholly under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service, which may be \"open
to public travel\". Bridges on Forest Service Development Roads which
are \"open to public travel\" are subject to the NBIS.

ix

\(o\) [Base Highway Network.]{.underline} The Base Highway Network
includes the through lane (mainline) portions of the NHS, rural/urban
principal arterial system and rural minor arterial system. Ramps,
frontage roads and other roadways are not included in the Base Network.

\(p\) [Highway Performance Monitoring System.]{.underline} The Highway
Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) is a database of universe and
sample data that describes the nation\'s public road mileage. The data
are annually updated and submitted to FHWA by the State Highway
Agencies, Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia. The universe data
provides some basic characteristics of all public road mileage while the
sample of the arterial and collector systems allows for assessment of
the condition, performance, usage and additional characteristics of the
nation\'s major highway systems.

\(q\) [Conversion of Numerical Data.]{.underline} Throughout this Guide
the following conversion factors are used:

> Convert - foot to meter multiply by 0.3048
>
> \- mile to kilometer multiply by 1.609
>
> \- english ton to metric ton multiply by .9

\(r\) [Rounding and Truncating of Numerical Data.]{.underline} All
numeral values in this Guide, except as specifically noted, will follow
standard rounding criteria, that is, 5 and above will be rounded up to
the next higher unit and 4 and below will be rounded down to the next
lower unit. This is applicable to all decimal roundings. **In certain
items where rounding may cause a safety hazard for clearance, the
numeric measurements will be truncated at the appropriate decimal
place.** This means that a fractional portion less than a whole unit
will be dropped to the lower whole number, for example 2.88 would be
truncated to 2.8 when using tenth of a meter accuracy. All decimal
points are assumed in the locations as specified in the Guide.

\(s\) [Commonly Recognized (CoRe) Structural Elements)]{.underline}. A
group of structural elements endorsed by AASHTO as a means of providing
a uniform basis for data collection for any bridge management system, to
enable the sharing of data between States, and to allow for a uniform
translation of data to NBI Items 58, 59, 60 and 62.

\(t\) [Bridge management System (BMS).]{.underline} A system designed to
optimize the use of available resources for the inspection, maintenance,
rehabilitation and replacement of bridges.

x

DATA ITEMS

[Item 1 - State Code]{.underline} 3 digits

The first 2 digits are the Federal Information Processing Standards
(FIPS) code for States, and the third digit is the FHWA region code.
(New Jersey and New York will retain an FHWA region code of 2.)

[Code]{.underline} [State]{.underline} [Code]{.underline}
[State]{.underline}

014 Alabama 308 Montana

020 Alaska 317 Nebraska

049 Arizona 329 Nevada

056 Arkansas 331 New Hampshire

069 Californ 342 New Jersey

088 Colorado 356 New Mexico

091 Connecti 362 New York

103 Delaware 374 North Carolina

113 District of Columbia 388 North Dakota

124 Florida 395 Ohio

134 Georgia 406 Oklahoma

159 Hawaii 410 Oregon

160 Idaho 423 Pennsylvania

175 Illinois 441 Rhode Island

185 Indiana 454 South Carolina

197 Iowa 468 South Dakota

207 Kansas 474 Tennessee

214 Kentucky 486 Texas

226 Louisiana 498 Utah

231 Maine 501 Vermont

243 Maryland 513 Virginia

251 Massachusetts 530 Washington

265 Michigan 543 West Virginia

275 Minnesota 555 Wisconsin

284 Mississippi 568 Wyoming

297 Missouri 721 Puerto Rico

[Item 2 - Highway Agency District]{.underline} 2 digits

The highway agency district (State or Federal) in which the bridge is
located shall be represented by a 2‑digit code. Existing district
numbers shall be used where districts are identified by number. Where
districts are identified by name, a code number shall be assigned based
on an alphabetical or organizational listing of the districts.

[Item 3 - County (Parish) Code]{.underline} 3 digits

Counties shall be identified using the Federal Information Processing
Standards (FIPS) codes given in the current version of the [Census of
Population and Housing - Geographic Identification Code
Scheme]{.underline}.

1

[Item 4 - Place Code]{.underline} 5 digits

Cities, towns, townships, villages, and other census-designated places
shall be identified using the Federal Information Processing Standards
(FIPS) codes given in the current version of the [Census of Population
and Housing - Geographic Identification Code Scheme]{.underline}. If
there is no FIPS place code, then code all zeros.

[Item 5 - Inventory Route]{.underline} 9 digits

The inventory route is a 9-digit code composed of 5 segments.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

5A Record Type 1 digit

5B Route Signing Prefix 1 digit

5C Designated Level of Service 1 digit

5D Route Number 5 digits

5E Directional Suffix 1 digit

[Item 5A - Record Type]{.underline} 1 digit

There are two types of National Bridge Inventory records: \"on\" and
\"under\". Code the first digit (leftmost) using one of the following
codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Route carried \"on\" the structure

2 Single route goes \"under\" the structure

> A through Z Multiple routes go \"under\" the structure

A signifies the first of multiple routes under the structure.

B signifies the second of multiple routes under the structure.

Z signifies 26 routes under the structure.

\"On\" signifies that the inventory route is carried \"on\" the
structure. Each bridge structure carrying highway traffic must have a
record identified with a type code = 1 (numeric). All of the NBI data
items must be coded, unless specifically excepted, with respect to the
structure and the inventory route \"on\" it.

\"Under\" signifies that the inventory route goes \"under\" the
structure. If an inventory route beneath the structure is a Federal‑aid
highway, is a STRAHNET route or connector or is otherwise important, a
record must be coded to identify it. The type code must be 2 or an
alphabetic letter A through Z. Code 2 for a single route under the
structure. If 2 or more routes go under a structure on
[separate]{.underline} roadways, the code of 2 shall not be used. Code
A, B, C, D, etc. consecutively for multiple routes on separate roadways
under the same structure. STRAHNET routes shall be listed first. When
this item is coded 2 or A through Z, only the following items must be
coded: Items 1, 3‑13, 16, 17, 19, 20, 26-30, 42, 43, 47-49, 100-104, 109
and 110. All other items may remain blank.

2

[Item 5A - Record Type]{.underline} (cont\'d)

It cannot be overemphasized that all route‑oriented data must agree with
the coding as to whether the inventory route is \"on\" or \"under\" the
structure.

Tunnels shall be coded only as an \"under\" record; that is, they shall
not be coded as a structure carrying highway traffic.

There are situations of a route \"under\" a structure, where the
structure does not carry a highway, but may carry a railroad, pedestrian
traffic, or even a building. These are coded the same as any other
\"under\" record and no \"on\" record shall be coded.

[Item 5B - Route Signing Prefix]{.underline} 1 digit

In the second position, identify the route signing prefix for the
inventory route using one of the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Interstate highway

2 U.S. numbered highway

3 State highway

4 County highway

5 City street

6 Federal lands road

7 State lands road

8 Other (include toll roads not otherwise

indicated or identified above)

When 2 or more routes are concurrent, the highest class of route will be
used. The hierarchy is in the order listed above.

[Item 5C - Designated Level of Service]{.underline} 1 digit

In the third position, identify the designated level of service for the
inventory route using one of the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 None of the below

1 Mainline

2 Alternate

3 Bypass

4 Spur

6 Business

7 Ramp, Wye, Connector, etc.

8 Service and/or unclassified frontage road

3

[Item 5D - Route Number]{.underline} 5 digits

Code the route number of the inventory route in the next 5 positions.
This value shall be right justified in the field with leading zeros
filled in. (See examples below.)

If concurrent routes are of the same hierarchy level, denoted by the
route signing prefix, the lowest numbered route shall be coded. Code
00000 for bridges on roads without route numbers.

[Item 5E - Directional Suffix]{.underline} 1 digit

In the last position, code the directional suffix to the route number of
the inventory route when it is part of the route number, using one of
the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 Not applicable

1 North

2 East

3 South

4 West

In some cases, letters may be used with route numbers and as part of the
route numbers and not to indicate direction. In such cases, the letter
should be included in the 5-position route number field.

EXAMPLES: [Record]{.underline} [Code]{.underline}

Interstate 95, on 1 1 1 00095 0 111000950

Interstate 70S, under 2 1 1 00070 3 211000703

State Highway 104, Spur, under 2 3 4 00104 0 234001040

U.S. 30E Bypass, on 1 2 3 00030 2 123000302

City street, on 1 5 0 00000 0 150000000

Ramp from I-81, under 2 1 7 00081 0 217000810

County Highway 173 on 1 4 1 00173 0 141001730

Interstate 84 under 2 1 1 00084 0 211000840

Interstate 495 on 1 1 1 00495 0 111004950

State Hwy 120 (STRAHNET Rte) under A 3 1 00120 0 A31001200

Alternate State Hwy 130 under B 3 2 00130 0 B32001300

Tunnel on Interstate 70 2 1 1 00070 0 211000700

4

[Item 6 - Features Intersected]{.underline} 25 digits

This item contains a description of the features intersected by the
structure and a critical facility indicator. When Item 5A indicates an
\"under\" record, this item describes the inventory route and/or
features under the structure. There are 25 digits divided into 2
segments.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

6A Features Intersected 24 digits

6B No Longer Coded (Blank) 1 digit

The information to be recorded for this item in the first 24 digits
shall be the name or names of the features intersected by the structure.
When one of the features intersected is another highway, the signed
number or name of the highway shall appear first (leftmost) in the
field. The names of any other features shall follow, separated by a
semicolon or a comma. Parentheses shall be used to provide a second
identification of the same feature (see third example). Abbreviations
may be used where necessary, but an effort shall be made to keep them
meaningful. The data in this segment shall be left justified in the
first 24 positions without trailing zeros.

EXAMPLES:

I 81, US 51, MILL ROAD

MISSISSIPPI RIVER

SR 42 (POND ROAD)

[Item 7 - Facility Carried by Structure]{.underline} 18 digits

The facility being carried by the structure shall be recorded and coded.
In all situations this item describes the use \"on\" the structure. This
item shall be left justified without trailing zeros.

EXAMPLES:

US 66

MAIN STREET

COUNTY ROAD 450

C & 0 RAILROAD (appropriate for \"under\" record only)

PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE (appropriate for \"under\" record only)

5

[Item 8 - Structure Number]{.underline} 15 digits

It is required that the official structure number be recorded. It is not
necessary to code this number according to an arbitrary national
standard. Each agency should code the structure number according to its
own internal processing procedures. When recording and coding for this
item and following items, any structure or structures with a closed
median should be considered as [one]{.underline} structure, not
[two]{.underline}. Closed medians may have either mountable or
non‑mountable curbs or barriers.

The structure number must be unique for each bridge within the State,
and once established should preferably never change for the life of the
bridge. If it is essential that structure number(s) must be changed, all
15 digits are to be filled. For any structure number changes, a complete
cross reference of corresponding \"old\" and \"new\" numbers must be
provided to the FHWA Bridge Division. The cross reference shall include
both a computer tape or diskette and a printed listing in the FHWA
required format.

The identical structure number must appear on the \"on\" and all
\"under\" records associated with a particular structure. (Refer to Item
5 ‑ Inventory Route).

[Item 9 - Location]{.underline} 25 digits

This item contains a narrative description of the bridge location. It is
recommended that the location be keyed to a distinguishable feature on
an official highway department map such as road junctions and
topographical features. This item shall be left justified without
trailing zeros.

EXAMPLES:

6 km SW. OF RICHMOND

3.5 km S. OF JCT. SR 69

[Item 10 - Inventory Route, Minimum Vertical Clearance]{.underline} 4
digits

(XX.XX meters)

Code the minimum vertical clearance over the inventory route identified
in Item 5, whether the route is \"on\" the structure or \"under\" the
structure. The minimum clearance for a 3-meter width of the pavement or
traveled part of the roadway where the clearance is the greatest shall
be recorded and coded as a 4-digit number truncated to the hundredth of
a meter (with an assumed decimal point). For structures having multiple
openings, clearance for each opening shall be recorded, but only the
greatest of the \"minimum clearances\" for the two or more openings
shall be coded regardless of the direction of travel. This would be the
practical maximum clearance. When no restriction exists or when the
restriction is 30 meters or greater, code 9999. Coding of actual
clearances between 30.0 and 99.99 meters to an exact measurement is
optional.

6

[Item 11 - Kilometerpoint]{.underline} (XXXX.XXX) 7 digits

The linear referencing system (LRS) kilometerpoint is used to establish
the location of the bridge on the Base Highway Network (see Item 12). It
must be from the same LRS Inventory Route and kilometerpoint system as
reported in the Highway Perfor­mance Monitoring System (HPMS). The
kilometerpoint coded in this item directly relates to Item 13 - LRS
Inventory Route, Subroute Number.

This item must be coded for all structures located on or overpassing the
Base Highway Network. Code a 7-digit number to represent the LRS
kilometer-point distance in kilo­meters to the nearest thousandth (with
an assumed decimal point). For structures carrying the LRS Inventory
Route, code the kilometerpoint at the beginning of the structure (i.e.
the lowest kilometer-point [on]{.underline} the bridge). When the LRS
Inventory Route goes [under]{.underline} the structure (Item 5A coded 2
or A-Z), then code the kilometerpoint on the underpassing route where
the structure is first encountered.

Code all zeros in this field for all records where kilometerpoints are
not provided. Kilometerpoints may be coded for bridges that are not
located on the Base Highway Network, however Item 12 - Base Highway
Network shall be coded 0 for these records.

The kilometerpoint is coded aligned to the assumed decimal point and
zero filled where needed to fill the 7 digits.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Kilometerpoint is 130.34 0130340

Kilometerpoint is 9.60 0009600

[Item 12 - Base Highway Network]{.underline} 1 digit

This item is to be coded for all records in the inventory. The Base
Highway Network includes the through lane (mainline) portions of the
NHS, rural/urban principal arterial system and rural minor arterial
system. Ramps, frontage roads and other roadways are not included in the
Base Network. For the inventory route identified in Item 5 - Inventory
Route, indicate whether the inventory route is on the Base Highway
Network or not on that network. Use one of the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 Inventory Route [is not]{.underline} on the

Base Network

1 Inventory Route [is]{.underline} on the Base

Network

7

[Item 13 - LRS Inventory Route, Subroute Number]{.underline} 12 digits

If Item 12 - Base Highway Network has been coded 1, the information to
be recorded for this item is inventory route for the State\'s linear
referencing system (LRS). If Item 12 has been coded 0, this entire item
should be left blank. This item is a 12-digit code composed of 2
segments.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

13A LRS Inventory Route 10 digits

13B Subroute Number 2 digits

The LRS inventory route and subroute numbers to be reported in this item
must correspond to the LRS inventory route and subroute numbers reported
by the State for the HPMS. The LRS inventory route number is coded in
the ten positions of segment 13A, right justified and zero filled. The
subroute number, if it exists, is coded in the two positions of segment
13B, right justified and zero filled.

The LRS inventory route number can be alphanumeric, but must not contain
blanks. The LRS inventory route number is not necessarily the same as
that posted along the roadway, but is a number used to uniquely identify
a route within at least a county and perhaps throughout the State.

The subroute number is a number that uniquely identifies portions of an
inventory route sections where duplicate kilometerpoints occur. [These
subroute numbers, if they exist, are identified in the State\'s HPMS-LRS
records]{.underline}. If there is no subroute number, code 00 in this
segment.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Inventory Route 2775, Subroute Number 0 000000277500

Inventory Route 2775, Subroute Number 3 000000277503

[Item 14 and Item 15]{.underline}

(Reserved)

[Item 16 - Latitude]{.underline} (XX degrees XX minutes XX.XX seconds) 8
digits

For bridges on STRAHNET and STRAHNET Connector highways and on the NHS,
record and code the latitude of each in degrees, minutes and seconds to
the nearest hundredth of a second (with an assumed decimal point). The
point of the coordinate may be the beginning of the bridge in the
direction of the inventory or any other consistent point of reference on
the bridge which is compatible with the LRS. If the bridge is not on a
STRAHNET highway or the NHS, a code of all zeros is acceptable, but it
is preferable to code the latitude if available.

8

[Item 16 - Latitude]{.underline} (cont\'d)

The reason for the increased precision is to facilitate the use of
Global Positioning System (GPS) data directly into this item. The
increased precision is not currently mandatory and, if GPS readings are
not available, the current measuring methods and level of precision may
continue to be used. The minimum precision should be to the nearest
minute, but the preferred precision is to the nearest hundredth of a
second using GPS methods.

EXAMPLE: [Code]{.underline}

Latitude is 3527.3\' (current precision) 35271800

(acceptable coding) 35270000

3527\'18.55\" (GPS reading) 35271855

[Item 17 - Longitude]{.underline} (XXX degrees XX minutes XX.XX seconds)
9 digits

For bridges on STRAHNET and STRAHNET Connector highways and on the NHS,
record and code the longitude of each in degrees, minutes and seconds to
the nearest hundredth of a second (with an assumed decimal point). A
leading zero shall be coded where needed. The point of the coordinate
may be the beginning of the bridge in the direction of the inventory or
any other consistent point of reference on the bridge which is
compatible with the LRS. If the bridge is not on a STRAHNET highway or
the NHS, a code of all zeros is acceptable, but it is preferable to code
the longitude if available.

The reason for the increased precision is to facilitate the use of
Global Positioning System (GPS) data directly into this item. The
increased precision is not currently mandatory and, if GPS readings are
not available, the current measuring methods and level of precision may
continue to be used. The minimum precision should be to the nearest
minute, but the preferred precision is to the nearest hundredth of a
second using GPS methods.

EXAMPLE: [Code]{.underline}

Longitude is 815.8\' (current precision) 081054800

(acceptable coding) 081060000

815\'50.65\" (GPS reading) 081055065

[Item 18]{.underline}

(reserved)

9

[Item 19 - Bypass, Detour Length]{.underline} (XXX kilometers) 3 digits

Indicate the actual length to the nearest kilometer of the detour
length. The detour length should represent the total additional travel
for a vehicle which would result from closing of the bridge. The factor
to consider when determining if a bypass is available at the site is the
potential for moving vehicles, including military vehicles, around the
structure. This is particularly true when the structure is in an
interchange. For instance, a bypass likely would be available in the
case of diamond interchanges, interchanges where there are service roads
available, or other interchanges where the positioning and layout of the
ramps is such that they could be used without difficulty to get around
the structure. If a ground level bypass is available at the structure
site for the inventory route, record and code the detour length as 000.

If the bridge is one of twin bridges and is not at an interchange, code
001 where the other twin bridge can be used as a temporary bypass with a
reasonable amount of crossover grading. The detour route will be
established following allowable criteria determined by the governing
authority. (Some authorities will not allow a designated detour over a
road or bridge of lesser \"quality.\") Code 199 for 199 kilometers or
more.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Diamond interchange, structure bypassable 000

Cloverleaf, not bypassable; 18‑kilometer detour 018

Structure over river; 121‑kilometer detour 121

Structure over highway, no interchange,

bypassable at ground level 000

Structure on dead end road 199

![](media/image4.png){width="6.0625in" height="1.4875in"} Bypass, Detour
Length A to B = 4 kilometers

10

[Item 19 - Bypass, Detour Length]{.underline} (cont\'d)

![](media/image5.png){width="6.05in" height="2.1375in"} Bypass, Detour
Length A to B = 0 kilometers

[Item 20 - Toll]{.underline} 1 digit

The toll status of the structure is indicated by this item. Interstate
toll segments under Secretarial Agreement (Title 23 - United States
Code - Highways Section 129 as amended by 1991 ISTEA and prior
legislation) shall be identified separately. Use one of the following
codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Toll bridge. Tolls are paid specifically to use the structure.

2 On toll road. The structure carries a toll road, that is, tolls are
paid to use the facility, which includes both the highway and the
structure.

3 On free road. The structure is toll‑free and carries a toll‑free
highway.

4 On Interstate toll segment under Secretarial Agreement. Structure
functions as a part of the toll segment.

5 Toll bridge is a segment under Secretarial

> Agreement. Structure is separate agreement from highway segment.

11

[Item 21 - Maintenance Responsibility]{.underline} 2 digits

The actual name(s) of the agency(s) responsible for the maintenance of
the structure shall be recorded on the inspection form. The codes below
shall be used to represent the type of agency that has primary
responsibility for maintaining the structure. If more than one agency
has equal maintenance responsibility, code one agency in the hierarchy
of State, Federal, county, city, railroad, and other private.

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

01 State Highway Agency

02 County Highway Agency

03 Town or Township Highway Agency

04 City or Municipal Highway Agency

11 State Park, Forest, or Reservation Agency

12 Local Park, Forest, or Reservation Agency

21 Other State Agencies

25 Other Local Agencies

26 Private (other than railroad)

27 Railroad

31 State Toll Authority

32 Local Toll Authority

60 Other Federal Agencies (not listed below)

61 Indian Tribal Government

62 Bureau of Indian Affairs

63 Bureau of Fish and Wildlife

64 U.S. Forest Service

66 National Park Service

67 Tennessee Valley Authority

68 Bureau of Land Management

69 Bureau of Reclamation

70 Corps of Engineers (Civil)

71 Corps of Engineers (Military)

72 Air Force

73 Navy/Marines

74 Army

75 NASA

76 Metropolitan Washington Airports Service

80 Unknown

[Item 22 - Owner]{.underline} 2 digits

The actual name(s) of the owner(s) of the bridge shall be recorded on
the inspection form. The codes used in Item 21 ‑ Maintenance
Responsibility shall be used to represent the type of agency that is the
primary owner of the structure. If more than one agency has equal
ownership, code one agency in the hierarchy of State, Federal, county,
city, railroad, and other private.

[Item 23 through Item 25]{.underline}

(Reserved)

12

[Item 26 - Functional Classification of Inventory Route]{.underline} 2
digits

For the inventory route, code the functional classification using one of
the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

[Rural]{.underline}

01 Principal Arterial ‑ Interstate

02 Principal Arterial ‑ Other

06 Minor Arterial

07 Major Collector

08 Minor Collector

09 Local

[Urban]{.underline}

11 Principal Arterial ‑ Interstate

12 Principal Arterial ‑ Other Freeways or

Expressways

14 Other Principal Arterial

16 Minor Arterial

17 Collector

19 Local

The bridge shall be coded rural if not inside a designated urban area.
The urban or rural designation shall be determined by the bridge
location and not the character of the roadway.

[Item 27 - Year Built]{.underline} 4 digits

Record and code the year of construction of the structure. Code all 4
digits of the year in which construction of the structure was completed.
If the year built is unknown, provide a best estimate. See also Item
106 - Year Reconstructed.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Construction completed 1956 1956

1892 1892

13

[Item 28 - Lanes On and Under the Structure]{.underline} 4 digits

Record and code the number of lanes being carried by the structure and
being crossed over by the structure as a 4-digit number composed of 2
segments. The number of lanes should be right justified in each segment
with leading zero(s) coded as required.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

28A Lanes on the structure 2 digits

28B Lanes under the structure 2 digits

Include all lanes carrying highway traffic (i.e., cars, trucks, buses)
which are striped or otherwise operated as a full width traffic lane for
the entire length of the structure or under the structure by the
owning/maintaining authority. This shall include any full width merge
lanes and ramp lanes, and shall be independent of directionality of
usage (i.e., a 1‑lane bridge carrying 2‑directional traffic is still
considered to carry only one lane on the structure). It should be noted
here that for the purpose of evaluating the Deck Geometry - Item 68, any
\"1-lane\" bridge, not coded as a ramp (Item 5C = 7), which has a Bridge
Roadway Width, Curb-to-Curb - Item 51 coded 4.9 meters or greater shall
be evaluated as 2 lanes.

When the inventory route is \"on\" the bridge (the first digit of Item
5 - Inventory Route is coded 1), the sum of the total number of lanes on
all inventoried routes under the bridge shall be coded. When the
inventory route is \"under\" the bridge (the first digit of Item 5 -
Inventory Route is coded 2 or A through Z), only the number of lanes
being identified by that \"under\" record shall be coded in Item 28B.

When the inventory route is \"under\" the structure, the obstruction
over the inventory route may be other than a highway bridge (railroad,
pedestrian, pipeline, etc.). Code 00 for these cases if there are no
highway lanes on the obstructing structure.

Double deck bridges may be coded as 1 or 2 structures as noted in the
examples on the next page. Either method is acceptable, however, all
related data must be compatible with the method selected.

14

[Item 28 - Lanes On and Under the Structure]{.underline} (cont\'d)

EXAMPLES\*: [Code]{.underline}

1 lane on, 0 lanes under 0100

3 lanes on, 1 lane under 0301

8 lanes on 2‑way, 12 lanes under \*\* 0812

5 lanes on double deck each direction,

2 lanes under 1002\*\*\*

5 lanes on double deck each direction,

2 lanes under 0502\*\*\*\*

Railroad and pedestrian on, 4 lanes under 0004

\* For the inventory route on the bridge, the first digit of Item 5 -

Inventory Route is coded 1.

\*\* This example has 3 inventory routes under the bridge of 6, 4, and

2 lanes of 2-way traffic respectively. When coding an \"under\"

record for each of these inventory routes, the first digit of

Item 5 - Inventory Route is coded A, B, and C, and Item 28 is

coded 0806, 0804, and 0802 respectively for the 3 required

records.

\*\*\*Acceptable if coded as 1 bridge. However, other data such as

ADT, curb- to-curb width, etc., must be for both decks

(preferred method).

\*\*\*\*Acceptable if coded as 2 separate bridges. However, other data

such as ADT, curb-to-curb width, etc., must be for a single deck.

[Item 29 - Average Daily Traffic]{.underline} 6 digits

Code a 6‑digit number that shows the average daily traffic volume for
the inventory route identified in Item 5. Make certain the unit\'s
position is coded even if estimates of ADT are determined to tens or
hundreds of vehicles; that is, appropriate trailing zeros shall be
coded. The ADT coded should be the most recent ADT counts available.
Included in this item are the trucks referred to in Item 109 - Average
Daily Truck Traffic. If the bridge is closed, code the actual ADT from
before the closure occurred.

The ADT must be compatible with the other items coded for the bridge.
For example, parallel bridges with an open median are coded as follows:
if Item 28 ‑ Lanes On and Under the Structure and Item 51 ‑ Bridge
Roadway Width, Curb‑to‑Curb are coded for each bridge separately, then
the ADT must be coded for each bridge separately (not the total ADT for
the route).

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Average Daily Traffic 540 000540

15,600 015600

24,000 024000

15

[Item 30 - Year of Average Daily Traffic]{.underline} 4 digits

Record the year represented by the ADT in Item 29. Code all four digits
of the year so recorded.

EXAMPLE: [Code]{.underline}

Year of ADT is 1994 1994

[Item 31 - Design Load]{.underline} 1 digit

Use the codes below to indicate the live load for which the structure
was designed. The numerical value of the railroad loading should be
recorded on the form. Classify any other loading, when feasible, using
the nearest equivalent of the loadings given below.

[Metric]{.underline} [English]{.underline}

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 M 9 or H 10

2 M 13.5 H 15

3 MS 13.5 HS 15

4 M 18 H 20

5 MS 18 HS 20

6 MS 18+Mod HS 20+Mod

7 Pedestrian Pedestrian

8 Railroad Railroad

9 MS 22.5 HS 25

0 Other or Unknown (describe on

inspection reporting form)

[Item 32 - Approach Roadway Width]{.underline} (XXX.X meters) 4 digits

Code a 4-digit number to represent the [normal]{.underline} width of
usable roadway approaching the structure measured to the nearest tenth
of a meter (with an assumed decimal point). Usable roadway width will
include the width of traffic lanes and the widths of shoulders where
shoulders are defined as follows:

> Shoulders must be constructed and normally maintained flush with the
> adjacent traffic lane, and must be structurally adequate for all
> weather and traffic conditions consistent with the facility carried.

Unstabilized grass or dirt, with no base course, flush with and beside
the traffic lane is not to be considered a shoulder for this item.

For structures with medians of any type and double‑decked structures,
this item should be coded as the sum of the usable roadway widths for
the approach roadways (i.e., all median widths which do not qualify as
shoulders should [not]{.underline} be included in this dimension). When
there is a variation between the approaches at either end of the
structure, record and code the most restrictive of the approach
conditions.

16

[Item 32 - Approach Roadway Width]{.underline} (cont\'d)

EXAMPLES:

Left Left Median Right Right

[Shoulder]{.underline} [Roadway]{.underline} [Shoulders]{.underline}
[Roadway]{.underline} [Shoulder]{.underline} [Code]{.underline}

1.2 - - 4.8 1.8 0078

1.8 - - 10.8 3.6 0162

3.6 14.4 9.0 14.4 3.6 0450

3.0 7.2 4.8 10.8 3.0 0288

The last example above represents the coding method for a structure in
which the most restrictive approach has the cross‑section shown below:

![](media/image6.png){width="6.1625in" height="1.0875in"}

Regardless of whether the median is open or closed, the data coded must
be compatible with the other related route and bridge data (i.e., if
Item 51 ‑ Bridge Roadway Width, Curb‑to‑Curb is for traffic in one
direction only, then Items 28, 29, 32, etc. must be for traffic in one
direction only).

If a ramp is adjacent to the through lanes approaching the structure, it
shall be included in the approach roadway width. The total approach
roadway width for the example below is 29.2 meters (a code of 292).

![](media/image7.png){width="6.175in" height="1.325in"}

17

[Item 33 - Bridge Median]{.underline} 1 digit

Indicate with a 1‑digit code if the median is non‑existent, open or
closed. The median is closed when the area between the 2 roadways at the
structure is bridged over and is capable of supporting traffic. All
bridges that carry either 1‑way traffic or 2‑way traffic separated only
by a centerline will be coded 0 for no median.

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 No median

1 Open median

2 Closed median (no barrier)

3 Closed median with non-mountable barriers

![](media/image8.png){width="5.759722222222222in"
height="5.608333333333333in"}

18

[Item 34 - Skew]{.underline} (XX degrees) 2 digits

The skew angle is the angle between the centerline of a pier and a line
normal to the roadway centerline. When plans are available, the skew
angle can be taken directly from the plans. If no plans are available,
the angle is to be field measured if possible. Record the skew angle to
the nearest degree. If the skew angle is 0E, it should be so coded. When
the structure is on a curve or if the skew varies for some other reason,
the average skew should be recorded, if reasonable. Otherwise, record 99
to indicate a major variation in skews of substructure units. A 2‑digit
number should be coded.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Skew angle 0 00

10 10

8 08

29 29

[Item 35 - Structure Flared]{.underline} 1 digit

Code this item to indicate if the structure is flared (i.e., the width
of the structure varies). Generally, such variance will result from
ramps converging with or diverging from the through lanes on the
structure, but there may be other causes. Minor flares at ends of
structures should be ignored.

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 No flare

1 Yes, flared

[Item 36 - Traffic Safety Features]{.underline} 4 digits

Bridge inspection shall include the recording of information on the
following traffic safety features so that the evaluation of their
adequacy can be made.

\(A\) Bridge railings: Some factors that affect the proper functioning
of bridge railing are height, material, strength, and geometric
features. Railings must be capable of smoothly redirecting an impacting
vehicle. Bridge railings should be evaluated using the current AASHTO
[Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges]{.underline}, which calls
for railings to meet specific geometric criteria and to resist specified
static loads without exceeding the allowable stresses in their elements.
Bridge railing should be crash tested per FHWA policy. Railings that
meet these criteria and loading conditions are considered acceptable.
Other railings that have been successfully crash tested are considered
acceptable even though they may not meet the static loading analysis and
geometric requirements. Acceptable guidelines for bridge railing design
and testing are also found in the AASHTO [Guide Specifications for
Bridge Railings]{.underline} 1989. Additional guidance for testing is
found in National Cooperative Highway Research Program - Report 350
[Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway
Features]{.underline} 1993.

19

[Item 36 - Traffic Safety Features]{.underline} (cont\'d)

\(B\) Transitions: The transition from approach guardrail to bridge
railing requires that the approach guardrail be firmly attached to the
bridge railing. It also requires that the approach guardrail be
gradually stiffened as it comes closer to the bridge railing. The ends
of curbs and safety walks need to be gradually tapered out or shielded.

\(C\) Approach guardrail: The structural adequacy and compatibility of
approach guardrail with transition designs should be determined. Rarely
does the need for a barrier stop at the end of a bridge. Thus, an
approach guardrail with adequate length and structural qualities to
shield motorists from the hazards at the bridge site needs to be
installed. In addition to being capable of safely redirecting an
impacting vehicle, the approach guardrail must also facilitate a
transition to the bridge railing that will not cause snagging or
pocketing of an impacting vehicle. Acceptable guardrail design
suggestions are contained in the AASHTO [Roadside Design
Guide]{.underline} and subsequent FHWA or AASHTO guidelines.

\(D\) Approach guardrail ends: As with guardrail ends in general, the
ends of approach guardrails to bridges should be flared, buried, made
breakaway, or shielded. Design treatment of guardrail ends is given in
the AASHTO [Roadside Design Guide]{.underline}.

The data collected shall apply only to the route on the bridge.
Collision damage or deterioration of the elements are not considered
when coding this item. Traffic safety features is a 4-digit code
composed of 4 segments.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

36A Bridge railings 1 digit

36B Transitions 1 digit

36C Approach guardrail 1 digit

36D Approach guardrail ends 1 digit

The reporting of these features shall be as follows:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 Inspected feature does not meet currently acceptable standards or a
safety feature is required and none is provided.\*

1 Inspected feature meets currently acceptable standards.\*

N Not applicable or a safety feature is not required.\*

\* For structures on the NHS, national standards are set by regulation.
For those not on the NHS, it shall be the responsibility of the highway
agency (state, county, local or federal) to set standards.

20

[Item 36 - Traffic Safety Features]{.underline} (cont\'d)

EXAMPLE: [Code]{.underline}

All features meet currently acceptable

standards except transition 1011

[Item 37 - Historical Significance]{.underline} 1 digit

The historical significance of a bridge involves a variety of
characteristics: the bridge may be a particularly unique example of the
history of engineering; the crossing itself might be significant; the
bridge might be associated with a historical property or area; or
historical significance could be derived from the fact the bridge was
associated with significant events or circumstances. Use one of the
following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Bridge is on the National Register of Historic Places.

2 Bridge is eligible for the National Register of Historic Places.

3 Bridge is possibly eligible for the National Register of Historic
Places (requires further investigation before determination can be made)
or bridge is on a State or local historic register.

4 Historical significance is not determinable at this time.

5 Bridge is not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places.

[Item 38 - Navigation Control]{.underline} 1 digit

Indicate for this item whether or not navigation control (a bridge
permit for navigation) is required. Use one of the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

N Not applicable, no waterway.

0 No navigation control on waterway (bridge permit not required).

1 Navigation control on waterway (bridge permit required).

21

[Item 39 - Navigation Vertical Clearance]{.underline} (XXX.X meters) 4
digits

If Item 38 ‑ Navigation Control has been coded 1, record the minimum
vertical clearance imposed at the site as measured above a datum that is
specified on a navigation permit issued by a control agency. The
measurement shall be coded as a 4-digit number truncated to the tenth of
a meter (with an assumed decimal point). This measurement will show the
clearance that is allowable for navigational purposes. In the case of a
swing or bascule bridge, the vertical clearance shall be measured with
the bridge in the closed position (i.e., open to vehicular traffic). The
vertical clearance of a vertical lift bridge shall be measured with the
bridge in the raised or open position. Also, Item 116 - Minimum
Navigation Vertical Clearance Vertical Lift Bridge shall be coded to
provide clearance in a closed position. If Item 38 - Navigation Control
has been coded 0 or N, code 000 to indicate not applicable.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

> Measured Vertical
>
> Clearance 50.00 meters 0500
>
> 20.65 meters 0206
>
> 24.28 meters 0242

[Item 40 - Navigation Horizontal Clearance]{.underline} (XXXX.X meters)
5 digits

If Item 38 ‑ Navigation Control has been coded 1, record the horizontal
clearance measurement imposed at the site that is shown on the
navigation permit. This may be less than the structure geometry allows.
If a navigation permit is required but not available, use the minimum
horizontal clearance between fenders, if any, or the clear distance
between piers or bents. Code the clearance as a 5‑digit number truncated
to the tenth of a meter (with an assumed decimal point). If Item 38 ‑
Navigation Control has been coded 0 or N, code 0000 to indicate not
applicable.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Horizontal Clearance 53.57 meters 00535

95.00 meters 00950

202.09 meters 02020

[Item 41 - Structure Open, Posted, or Closed to Traffic]{.underline} 1
digit

This item provides information about the actual operational status of a
structure. The field review could show that a structure is posted, but
Item 70 - Bridge Posting may indicate that posting is not required. This
is possible and acceptable coding since Item 70 is based on the
operating stress level and the governing agency\'s posting procedures
may specify posting at some stress level less than the operating rating.
One of the following codes shall be used:

22

[Item 41 - Structure Open, Posted, or Closed to Traffic]{.underline}
(cont\'d)

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

A Open, no restriction

B Open, posting recommended but not legally implemented (all signs not
in place or not correctly implemented)

D Open, would be posted or closed except for temporary shoring, etc. to
allow for unrestricted traffic

E Open, temporary structure in place to carry legal loads while original
structure is closed and awaiting replacement or rehabilitation

G New structure not yet open to traffic

K Bridge closed to all traffic

P Posted for load (may include other restrictions such as temporary
bridges which are load posted)

R Posted for other load-capacity restriction (speed, number of vehicles
on bridge, etc.)

[Item 42 - Type of Service]{.underline} 2 digits

The type of service on the bridge and under the bridge is indicated by a
2‑digit code composed of 2 segments.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

42A Type of service on bridge 1 digit

42B Type of service under bridge 1 digit

The first digit indicates the type of service \"on\" the bridge and
shall be coded using one of the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Highway

2 Railroad

3 Pedestrian-bicycle

4 Highway‑railroad

5 Highway‑pedestrian

6 Overpass structure at an interchange or

second level of a multilevel interchange

7 Third level (Interchange)

8 Fourth level (Interchange)

9 Building or plaza

0 Other

23

[Item 42 - Type of Service]{.underline} (cont\'d)

The second digit indicates the type of service \"under\" the bridge and
shall be coded using one of the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Highway, with or without pedestrian

2 Railroad

3 Pedestrian-bicycle

4 Highway‑railroad

5 Waterway

6 Highway‑waterway

7 Railroad‑waterway

8 Highway‑waterway‑railroad

9 Relief for waterway

0 Other

[Item 43 - Structure Type, Main]{.underline} 3 digits

Record the description on the inspection form and indicate the type of
structure for the main span(s) with a 3-digit code composed of 2
segments.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

43A Kind of material and/or design 1 digit

43B Type of design and/or construction 2 digits

The first digit indicates the kind of material and/or design and shall
be coded using one of the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Concrete

2 Concrete continuous

3 Steel

4 Steel continuous

5 Prestressed concrete \*

6 Prestressed concrete continuous \*

7 Wood or Timber

8 Masonry

9 Aluminum, Wrought Iron, or Cast Iron

0 Other

\* Post-tensioned concrete should be coded as prestressed concrete.

24

[Item 43 - Structure Type, Main]{.underline} (cont\'d)

The second and third digits indicate the predominant type of design
and/or type of construction and shall be coded using one of the
following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

01 Slab

02 Stringer/Multi‑beam or Girder

03 Girder and Floorbeam System

04 Tee Beam

05 Box Beam or Girders ‑ Multiple

06 Box Beam or Girders ‑ Single or Spread

07 Frame (except frame culverts)

08 Orthotropic

09 Truss ‑ Deck

10 Truss ‑ Thru

11 Arch ‑ Deck

12 Arch ‑ Thru

13 Suspension

14 Stayed Girder

15 Movable ‑ Lift

16 Movable ‑ Bascule

17 Movable ‑ Swing

18 Tunnel

19 Culvert (includes frame culverts)

20 \* Mixed types

21 Segmental Box Girder

22 Channel Beam

00 Other

\* Applicable only to approach spans - Item 44

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Wood or Timber Through Truss 710

Masonry Culvert 819

Steel Suspension 313

Continuous Concrete Multiple Box Girders 205

Simple Span Concrete Slab 101

Tunnel in Rock 018

[Item 44 - Structure Type, Approach Spans]{.underline} 3 digits

Indicate with a 3‑digit code composed of 2 segments, the type of
structure for the approach spans to a major bridge or for the spans
where the structural material is different. The codes are the same as
for Item 43 preceding. However, code 000 if this item is not applicable.
Use code 20 (Item 44B) when no one type of design and/or construction is
predominate for the approach units. If the kind of material (Item 44A)
is varied, code the most predominant.

25

[Item 44 - Structure Type, Approach Spans]{.underline} (cont\'d)

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

44A Kind of material and/or design 1 digit

44B Type of design and/or construction 2 digits

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Simple prestressed concrete I‑beam 502

Continuous concrete T‑beam 204

Continuous steel deck truss 409

[Item 45 - Number of Spans in Main Unit]{.underline} 3 digits

Record the number and indicate with a 3‑digit number the number of spans
in the main or major unit. This item will include all spans of most
bridges, the major unit only of a sizable structure, or a unit of
material or design different from that of the approach spans.

[Item 46 - Number of Approach Spans]{.underline} 4 digits

Record the number and indicate with a 4‑digit number the number of spans
in the approach spans to the major bridge, or the number of spans of
material different from that of the major bridge.

[Item 47 - Inventory Route, Total Horizontal Clearance]{.underline} 3
digits

(XX.X meters)

The total horizontal clearance for the inventory route identified in
Item 5 should be measured and recorded. The clearance should be the
available clearance measured between the restrictive features ‑‑ curbs,
rails, walls, piers or other structural features limiting the roadway
(surface and shoulders). The measurement should be recorded and coded as
a 3-digit number truncated to the nearest tenth of a meter (with an
assumed decimal point). When the restriction is 100 meters or greater,
code 999.

The purpose of this item is to give the largest available clearance for
the movement of wide loads. Flush and mountable medians are not
considered to be restrictions. This clearance is defined in 2 ways; use
the most applicable:

1\. Clear distance between restrictions of the inventory route either
\"on\" or \"under\" the structure.

2\. Roadway surface and shoulders - when there are no restrictions.

For a divided facility with a raised or non‑mountable median, or an
\"under\" route divided by piers, record the greater of the restricted
widths in either direction, not both directions.

26

[Item 47 - Inventory Route, Total Horizontal Clearance]{.underline}
(cont\'d)

EXAMPLES:

![](media/image9.png){width="5.0875in" height="5.5in"}[Item 48 - Length
of Maximum Span]{.underline} (XXXX.X meters) 5 digits

The length of the maximum span shall be recorded. It shall be noted
whether the measurement is center to center of bearing points or clear
open distance between piers, bents, or abutments. The measurement shall
be along the centerline of the bridge. For this item, code a 5‑digit
number to represent the measurement to the nearest tenth of a meter
(with an assumed decimal point).

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Length of Maximum Span 35.5 meters 00355

117.0 meters 01170

1219.2 meters 12192

27

[Item 49 - Structure Length]{.underline} (XXXXX.X meters) 6 digits

Record and code a 6‑digit number to represent the length of the
structure to the nearest tenth of a meter (with an assumed decimal
point). This shall be the length of roadway which is supported on the
bridge structure. The length should be measured back to back of
backwalls of abutments or from paving notch to paving notch.

Culvert lengths should be measured along the center line of roadway
regardless of their depth below grade. Measurement should be made
between inside faces of exterior walls. Tunnel length should be measured
along the centerline of the roadway. Be sure to code Item 5A = 2 for all
tunnels.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Structure Length 35.5 meters 000355

542.1 meters 005421

333.0 meters 003330

10 123.5 meters 101235

![](media/image10.png){width="3.25in" height="5.2125in"}

\(1\) Item 49 - Structure Length

28

Item 49 - Structure Length (cont\'d)

![](media/image11.png){width="6.175in" height="7.175in"}

[Code]{.underline}

\(1\) Item 49 - Structure Length = [5.7 m]{.underline} = 6.58 m 000066

cos 30^o^

29

[Item 50 - Curb or Sidewalk Widths]{.underline} (XX.X meters, XX.X
meters) 6 digits

Record and code two contiguous 3‑digit numbers to represent the widths
of the left and right curbs or sidewalks to nearest tenth of a meter
(with assumed decimal points). This is a 6‑digit number composed of 2
segments, with the leftmost 3 digits representing the left curb or
sidewalk and the rightmost 3 digits representing the right curb or
sidewalk. \"Left\" and \"Right\" should be determined on the basis of
direction of the inventory.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

50A Left curb or sidewalk width 3 digits

50B Right curb or sidewalk width 3 digits

EXAMPLES: [Left Side]{.underline} [Right Side]{.underline}
[Code]{.underline}

Curb or sidewalk None 2.3 meters 000023

3.0 meters 4.1 meters 030041

3.3 meters None 033000

12.1 meters 11.5 meters 121115

None None 000000

0.6 meters 1.5 meters 006015

![](media/image12.png){width="4.35in" height="3.8in"}

\(1\) Item 51 - Bridge Roadway Width, Curb-to-Curb

\(2\) Item 52 - Deck Width, Out-to-Out

\(3\) Item 50 - Curb or Sidewalk Width

30

[Item 50 - Curb or Sidewalk Widths]{.underline} (cont\'d)

EXAMPLES:

![](media/image13.png){width="5.993055555555555in"
height="6.631944444444445in"}

\(1\) Item 51 - Bridge Roadway Width, Curb-to-Curb

\(2\) Item 52 - Deck Width, Out-to-Out

\(3\) Item 50 - Curb or Sidewalk Width

31

[Item 51 - Bridge Roadway Width, Curb-to-Curb]{.underline} (XXX.X
meters) 4 digits

The information to be recorded is the most restrictive minimum distance
between curbs or rails on the structure roadway. For structures with
closed medians and usually for double decked structures, coded data will
be the sum of the most restrictive minimum distances for all roadways
carried by the structure\*. The data recorded for this item must be
compatible with other related route and bridge data (i.e., Items 28, 29,
32, etc.). The measurement should be exclusive of flared areas for
ramps. A 4‑digit number should be used to represent the distance to the
nearest tenth of a meter (with an assumed decimal point). See examples
on pages 30 and 31.

Where traffic runs directly on the top slab (or wearing surface) of a
culvert- type structure, e.g. an R/C box without fill, code the actual
roadway width (curb‑to‑curb or rail‑to‑rail). This will also apply where
the fill is minimal and headwalls or parapets affect the flow of
traffic.

Where the roadway is on fill carried across a structure and the
headwalls or parapets do not affect the flow of traffic, code 0000. This
is considered proper inasmuch as a filled section simply maintains the
roadway cross‑section. However, for sidehill viaduct structures code the
actual full curb-to-curb roadway width. See figure in the Commentary
Appendix D.

\* Raised or non-mountable medians, open medians, and barrier widths are
to be excluded from the summation along with barrier-protected bicycle
and equestrian lanes.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Bridge Roadway Width 16.00 meters wide 0160

21.43 meters wide 0214

33.07 meters wide 0331

The last example above would be the coded value for the deck section
shown below.

![](media/image14.png){width="6.175in" height="1.3in"}

32

[Item 52 - Deck Width, Out-to-Out]{.underline} (XXX.X meters) 4 digits

Record and code a 4‑digit number to show the out‑to‑out width to the
nearest tenth of a meter (with an assumed decimal point). If the
structure is a through structure, the number to be coded will represent
the lateral clearance between superstructure members. The measurement
should be exclusive of flared areas for ramps. See examples on pages 30
and 31.

Where traffic runs directly on the top slab (or wearing surface) of the
culvert (e.g., an R/C box without fill) code the actual width
(out‑to‑out). This will also apply where the fill is minimal and the
culvert headwalls affect the flow of traffic. However, for sidehill
viaduct structures code the actual out-to-out structure width. See
figure in the Commentary Appendix D.

Where the roadway is on a fill carried across a pipe or box culvert and
the culvert headwalls do not affect the flow of traffic, code 0000. This
is considered proper inasmuch as a filled section over a culvert simply
maintains the roadway cross‑section.

[Item 53 - Minimum Vertical Clearance Over Bridge Roadway]{.underline} 4
digits

(XX.XX meters)

The information to be recorded for this item is the actual minimum
vertical clearance over the bridge roadway, including shoulders, to any
superstructure restriction, rounded down to the nearest hundredth of a
meter. For double decked structures code the minimum, regardless whether
it is pertaining to the top or bottom deck. When no superstructure
restriction exists above the bridge roadway, or when a restriction is 30
meters or greater, code 9999. Coding of actual clearances between 30
meters and 99.99 meters to an exact measurement is optional. A 4‑digit
number should be coded to represent the clearance to the nearest
hundredth of a meter (with an assumed decimal point).

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Minimum Vertical Clearance

No restriction 9999

5.25 meters 0525

23.00 meters 2300

38.50 meters 9999

[Item 54 - Minimum Vertical Underclearance]{.underline} 5 digits

(X code, XX.XX meters)

Using a 1-digit code and a 4-digit number, record and code the minimum
vertical clearance from the roadway (travel lanes only) or railroad
track [beneath]{.underline} the structure to the underside of the
superstructure. (When both a railroad and highway are under the
structure, code the most critical dimension.)

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

54A Reference feature 1 digit

54B Minimum Vertical Underclearance 4 digits

33

[Item 54 - Minimum Vertical Underclearance]{.underline} (cont\'d)

Using one of the codes below, code in the first position, the reference
feature from which the clearance measurement is taken:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

H Highway beneath structure

R Railroad beneath structure

N Feature not a highway or railroad

In the next 4 positions, code a 4-digit number to represent the minimum
vertical clearance from that feature to the structure, truncated to the
hundredth of a meter (with an assumed decimal point). When a restriction
is 30 meters or greater, code 9999. Coding of actual clearances between
30 meters and 99.99 meters to an exact measurement is optional. If the
feature is not a highway or railroad, code the minimum vertical
clearance 0000.

EXAMPLES: [CODE]{.underline}

River beneath structure N0000

![](media/image15.png){width="4.001388888888889in"
height="1.9215277777777777in"}

Railroad 9.529 meters beneath structure R0952

![](media/image16.png){width="4.0in" height="1.925in"}

Highway 10.464 meters beneath structure H1046

34

[Item 55 - Minimum Lateral Underclearance on Right]{.underline} 4 digits

(X code, XX.X meters)

Using a 1-digit code and a 3-digit number, record and code the minimum
lateral underclearance on the right to the nearest tenth of a meter
(with an assumed decimal point). When both a railroad and highway are
under the structure, code the most critical dimension (Refer to Item
69 - Underclearances, Horizontal - Table 3B).

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

55A Reference feature 1 digit

55B Minimum Lateral Underclearance 3 digits

Using one of the codes below, code in the first position the reference
feature from which the clearance measurement is taken:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

H Highway beneath structure

R Railroad beneath structure

N Feature not a highway or railroad

In the next 3 positions, code a 3-digit number to represent the minimum
lateral underclearance on the right. The lateral clearance should be
measured from the right edge of the roadway (excluding shoulders) or
from the centerline (between rails) of the right‑hand track of a
railroad to the nearest substructure unit (pier, abutment, etc.), to a
rigid barrier (concrete bridge rail, etc.), or to the toe of slope
steeper than 1 to 3, e.g. 1 to 1 or 2 to 1. The clearance measurements
to be recorded will be the minimum after measuring the clearance in
[both]{.underline} directions of travel. In the case of a dual highway
this would mean the outside clearances of both roadways should be
measured and the smaller distance recorded and coded.

If two related features are below the bridge, measure both and record
the lesser of the 2. An explanation should be written on the inspection
form as to what was recorded. When the clearance is 30 meters or
greater, code 999. Coding of actual clearances between 30 meters and
99.9 meters to an exact measurement is optional.

If the feature beneath the structure is not a railroad or highway, code
N000 to indicate not applicable.

The presence of ramps and acceleration or turning lanes is not
considered in this item; therefore, the minimum lateral clearance on the
right should be measured from the right edge of the
[through]{.underline} roadway.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Railroad 6.22 meters centerline to pier R062

Highway 6.16 meters edge of pavement to pier H062

Creek beneath structure N000

35

[Item 55 -- Minimum Lateral Underclearance on Right]{.underline}
(cont'd)

EXAMPLES:

![](media/image17.png){width="5.65in" height="7.741666666666666in"}

36

[Item 56 - Minimum Lateral Underclearance on Left]{.underline} 3 digits

(XX.X meters) (code only for divided highways, 1‑way

streets, and ramps; not applicable to railroads)

Using a 3-digit number, record and code the minimum lateral under-
clearance on the left (median side for divided highways) to the nearest
tenth of a meter (with an assumed decimal point). The lateral clearance
should be measured from the left edge of the roadway (excluding
shoulders) to the nearest substructure unit, to a rigid barrier, or to
the toe of slope steeper than 1 to 3. Refer to examples on page 34 under
Item 55 - Minimum Lateral Underclearance on Right.

In the case of a dual highway, the median side clearances of both
roadways should be measured and the smaller distance recorded and coded.
If there is no obstruction in the median area, a notation of \"open\"
should be recorded and 999 should be coded. For clearances greater than
30 meters, code 998. Coding of actual clearances greater than 30 meters
to an exact measurement is optional. Code 000 to indicate not
applicable.

[Item 57]{.underline}

(Reserved)

[Items 58 through 62 - Indicate the Condition Ratings]{.underline}

In order to promote uniformity between bridge inspectors, these
guidelines will be used to rate and code Items 58, 59, 60, 61, and 62.
The use of the AASHTO Guide for Commonly Recognized (CoRe) Structural
Elements is an acceptable alternative to using these rating guidelines
for Items 58, 59, 60, and 62, provided the FHWA translator computer
program is used to convert the inspection data to NBI condition ratings
for NBI data submittal.

Condition ratings are used to describe the existing, in-place bridge as
compared to the as-built condition. Evaluation is for the materials
related, physical condition of the deck, superstructure, and
substructure components of a bridge. The condition evaluation of
channels and channel protection and culverts is also included. Condition
codes are [properly used]{.underline} when they provide an overall
[characterization]{.underline} of the general condition of the [entire
component]{.underline} being rated. Conversely, they are [improperly
used]{.underline} if they attempt to describe [localized]{.underline} or
nominally occurring instances of deterioration or disrepair. Correct
assignment of a condition code must, therefore, consider both the
severity of the deterioration or disrepair and the extent to which it is
widespread throughout the component being rated.

The load-carrying capacity will not be used in evaluating condition
items. The fact that a bridge was designed for less than current legal
loads and may be posted shall have no influence upon condition ratings.

Portions of bridges that are being supported or strengthened by
temporary members will be rated based on their actual condition; that
is, the temporary members are not considered in the rating of the

item. (See Item 103 - Temporary Structure Designation for the definition
of a temporary bridge.)

Completed bridges not yet opened to traffic, if rated, shall be coded as
if open to traffic

37

[Condition Ratings]{.underline} (cont\'d)

The following general condition ratings shall be used as a guide in
evaluating Items 58, 59, and 60:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

N NOT APPLICABLE

9 EXCELLENT CONDITION

8 VERY GOOD CONDITION ‑ no problems noted.

7 GOOD CONDITION ‑ some minor problems.

6 SATISFACTORY CONDITION ‑ structural elements show some minor
deterioration.

5 FAIR CONDITION ‑ all primary structural elements are sound but may
have minor section loss, cracking, spalling or scour.

4 POOR CONDITION ‑ advanced section loss, deterioration, spalling or
scour.

3 SERIOUS CONDITION ‑ loss of section, deterioration, spalling or scour
have seriously affected primary structural components. Local failures
are possible. Fatigue cracks in steel or shear cracks in concrete may be
present.

2 CRITICAL CONDITION ‑ advanced deterioration of primary structural
elements. Fatigue cracks in steel or shear cracks in concrete may be
present or scour may have removed substructure support. Unless closely
monitored it may be necessary to close the bridge until corrective
action is taken.

1 \"IMMINENT\" FAILURE CONDITION ‑ major deterioration or section loss
present in critical structural components or obvious vertical or
horizontal movement affecting structure stability. Bridge is closed to
traffic but corrective action may put back in light service.

0 FAILED CONDITION ‑ out of service ‑ beyond corrective action.

[Item 58 - Deck]{.underline} 1 digit

This item describes the overall condition rating of the deck. Rate and
code the condition in accordance with the above general condition
ratings. Code N for culverts and other structures without decks e.g.,
filled arch bridge.

Concrete decks should be inspected for cracking, scaling, spalling,
leaching, chloride contamination, potholing, delamination, and full or
partial depth failures. Steel grid decks should be inspected for broken
welds, broken grids, section loss, and growth of filled grids from
corrosion. Timber decks should be inspected for splitting, crushing,
fastener failure, and deterioration from rot.

The condition of the wearing surface/protective system, joints,
expansion devices, curbs, sidewalks, parapets, fascias, bridge rail, and
scuppers shall not be considered in the overall deck evaluation.
However, their condition should be noted on the inspection form.

38

[Item 58 - Deck]{.underline} (cont\'d)

Decks integral with the superstructure will be rated as a deck only and
not how they may influence the superstructure rating (for example, rigid
frame, slab, deckgirder or T-beam, voided slab, box girder, etc.).
Similarly, the superstructure of an integral deck‑type bridge will not
influence the deck rating.

[Item 59 - Superstructure]{.underline} 1 digit

This item describes the physical condition of all structural members.
Rate and code the condition in accordance with the previously described
general condition ratings. Code N for all culverts.

The structural members should be inspected for signs of distress which
may include cracking, deterioration, section loss, and malfunction and
misalignment of bearings.

The condition of bearings, joints, paint system, etc. shall not be
included in this rating, except in extreme situations, but should be
noted on the inspection form.

On bridges where the deck is integral with the superstructure, the
superstructure condition rating may be affected by the deck condition.
The resultant superstructure condition rating may be lower than the deck
condition rating where the girders have deteriorated or been damaged.

Fracture critical components should receive careful attention because
failure could lead to collapse of a span or the bridge.

[Item 60 - Substructure]{.underline} 1 digit

This item describes the physical condition of piers, abutments, piles,
fenders, footings, or other components. Rate and code the condition in
accordance with the previously described general condition ratings. Code
N for all culverts.

All substructure elements should be inspected for visible signs of
distress including evidence of cracking, section loss, settlement,
misalignment, scour, collision damage, and corrosion. The rating given
by Item 113 - Scour Critical Bridges, may have a significant effect on
Item 60 if scour has substantially affected the overall condition of the
substructure.

The substructure condition rating shall be made independent of the deck
and superstructure.

Integral-abutment wingwalls to the first construction or expansion joint
shall be included in the evaluation. For non-integral superstructure and
substructure units, the substructure shall be considered as the portion
below the bearings. For structures where the substructure and
superstructure are integral, the substructure shall be considered as the
portion below the superstructure.

39

[Item 61 - Channel and Channel Protection]{.underline} 1 digit

This item describes the physical conditions associated with the flow of
water through the bridge such as stream stability and the condition of
the channel, riprap, slope protection, or stream control devices
including spur dikes. The inspector should be particularly concerned
with visible signs of excessive water velocity which may affect
undermining of slope protection, erosion of banks, and realignment of
the stream which may result in immediate or potential problems.
Accumulation of drift and debris on the superstructure and substructure
should be noted on the inspection form but not included in the condition
rating.

Rate and code the condition in accordance with the previously described
general condition ratings and the following descriptive codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

N Not applicable. Use when bridge is not over a waterway (channel).

9 There are no noticeable or noteworthy deficiencies which affect the
condition of the channel.

8 Banks are protected or well vegetated. River control devices such as
spur dikes and embankment protection are not required or are in a stable
condition.

7 Bank protection is in need of minor repairs. River control devices and
embankment protection have a little minor damage. Banks and/or channel
have minor amounts of drift.

6 Bank is beginning to slump. River control devices and embankment
protection have widespread minor damage. There is minor stream bed
movement evident. Debris is restricting the channel slightly.

5 Bank protection is being eroded. River control devices and/or
embankment have major damage. Trees and brush restrict the channel.

4 Bank and embankment protection is severely undermined. River control
devices have severe damage. Large deposits of debris are in the channel.

3 Bank protection has failed. River control devices have been destroyed.
Stream bed aggradation, degradation or lateral movement has changed the
channel to now threaten the bridge and/or approach roadway.

2 The channel has changed to the extent the bridge is near a state of
collapse.

1 Bridge closed because of channel failure. Corrective action may put
back in light service.

0 Bridge closed because of channel failure. Replacement necessary.

40

[Item 62 - Culverts]{.underline} 1 digit

This item evaluates the alignment, settlement, joints, structural
condition, scour, and other items associated with culverts. The rating
code is intended to be an overall condition evaluation of the culvert.
Integral wingwalls to the first construction or expansion joint shall be
included in the evaluation. For a detailed discussion regarding the
inspection and rating of culverts, consult Report No. FHWA‑IP‑86‑2,
[Culvert Inspection Manual]{.underline}, July 1986.

Item 58 - Deck, Item 59 - Superstructure, and Item 60 - Substructure
shall be coded N for all culverts.

Rate and code the condition in accordance with the previously described
general condition ratings and the following descriptive codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

N Not applicable. Use if structure is not a culvert.

9 No deficiencies.

8 No noticeable or noteworthy deficiencies which affect the condition of
the culvert. Insignificant scrape marks caused by drift.

7 Shrinkage cracks, light scaling, and insignificant spalling which does
not expose reinforcing steel. Insignificant damage caused by drift with
no misalignment and not requiring corrective action. Some minor scouring
has occurred near curtain walls, wingwalls, or pipes. Metal culverts
have a smooth symmetrical curvature with superficial corrosion and no
pitting.

6 Deterioration or initial disintegration, minor chloride contamination,
cracking with some leaching, or spalls on concrete or masonry walls and
slabs. Local minor scouring at curtain walls, wingwalls, or pipes. Metal
culverts have a smooth curvature, non-symmetrical shape, significant
corrosion or moderate pitting.

5 Moderate to major deterioration or disintegration, extensive cracking
and leaching, or spalls on concrete or masonry walls and slabs. Minor
settlement or misalignment. Noticeable scouring or erosion at curtain
walls, wingwalls, or pipes. Metal culverts have significant distortion
and deflection in one section, significant corrosion or deep pitting.

4 Large spalls, heavy scaling, wide cracks, considerable efflorescence,
or opened construction joint permitting loss of backfill. Considerable
settlement or misalignment. Considerable scouring or erosion at curtain
walls, wingwalls or pipes. Metal culverts have significant distortion
and deflection throughout, extensive corrosion or deep pitting.

(codes continued on the next page)

41

[Item 62 - Culverts]{.underline} (cont\'d)

3 Any condition described in Code 4 but which is excessive in scope.
Severe movement or differential settlement of the segments, or loss of
fill. Holes may exist in walls or slabs. Integral wingwalls nearly
severed from culvert. Severe scour or erosion at curtain walls,
wingwalls or pipes. Metal culverts have extreme distortion and
deflection in one section, extensive corrosion, or deep pitting with
scattered perforations.

2 Integral wingwalls collapsed, severe settlement of roadway due to loss
of fill. Section of culvert may have failed and can no longer support
embankment. Complete undermining at curtain walls and pipes. Corrective
action required to maintain traffic. Metal culverts have extreme
distortion and deflection throughout with extensive perforations due to
corrosion.

1 Bridge closed. Corrective action may put back in light service.

0 Bridge closed. Replacement necessary.

[Item 63 - Method Used to Determine Operating Rating]{.underline} 1
digit

Use one of the codes below to indicate which load rating method was used
to determine the Operating Rating coded in Item 64 for this structure.

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Load Factor (LF)

2 Allowable Stress (AS)

3 Load and Resistance Factor (LRFR)

4 Load Testing

5 No rating analysis performed

42

[Item 64 - Operating Rating]{.underline} (XX.X metric tons) 3 digits

This capacity rating, referred to as the operating rating, will result
in the absolute maximum permissible load level to which the structure
may be subjected for the vehicle type used in the rating. Code the
operating rating as a 3-digit number to represent the total mass in
metric tons of the entire vehicle measured to the nearest tenth of a
metric ton (with an assumed decimal point).

It should be emphasized that only MS loading shall be used to determine
the operating rating. This is the metric equivalent of an HS loading.
The total mass in tons of the entire vehicle should be coded; that is,
MS18 which has a mass of 32.4 metric tons shall be coded \'324\', and
likewise, a MS13.5 shall be coded \'243\'.

The [AASHTO Manual for Condition Evaluation of Bridges]{.underline}
provides a choice of load rating methods, such as the new load and
resistance factor (LRFR) rating method, in addition to the traditional
allowable stress (AS) and load factor (LF) methods. Of the three rating
methods, the LF method is the most suitable for use as a national
standard, therefore the FHWA has chosen the LF method as the standard
for computing inventory and operating ratings reported to the NBI. The
highway agencies may, however, elect to use LF, AS or LRFD to establish
load limits for purposes of load posting.

If the bridge will not carry a minimum of 2.7 metric tons of live load,
the operating rating shall be coded \'000\'; and consistent with the
direction of the AASHTO Manual, it shall be closed.

The use or presence of a temporary bridge requires special consideration
in coding. In such cases, since there is no permanent bridge, Items 64
and 66 should be coded as 000 even though the temporary structure is
rated for as much as full legal load.

A bridge shored up or repaired on a temporary basis is considered a
temporary bridge and the inventory and operating rating shall be coded
as if the temporary shoring were not in place. See Item 103 - Temporary
Structure Designation for definition of a temporary bridge.

Code 999 for a structure under sufficient fill such that, according to
AASHTO design, the live load is insignificant in the structure load
capacity.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

MS27 486

Temporary bridge 000

Shored‑up bridge 030\*

Structure under fill (not affected by live load) 999

\* load capacity without shoring.

43

[Item 65 - Method Used to Determine Inventory Rating]{.underline} 1
digit

Use one of the codes below to indicate which load rating method was used
to determine the Inventory Rating coded in Item 66 for this structure.

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Load Factor (LF)

2 Allowable Stress (AS)

3 Load and Resistance Factor (LRFR)

4 Load Testing

5 No rating analysis performed

[Item 66 - Inventory Rating]{.underline} (XX.X metric tons) 3 digits

This capacity rating, referred to as the inventory rating, will result
in a load level which can safely utilize an existing structure for an
indefinite period of time. Only the MS loading shall be used to
determine the inventory rating. Code the Inventory Rating as a 3-digit
number to represent the total mass in metric tons of the entire vehicle
measured to the nearest tenth of a metric ton (with an assumed decimal
point). The statements in Item 64 ‑ Operating Rating apply to this item
also.

Code 999 for a structure under sufficient fill such that, according to
AASHTO design, the live load is insignificant in the structure load
capacity.

44

[Items 67, 68, 69, 71, and 72 - Indicate the Appraisal
Ratings]{.underline}

The items in the Appraisal Section are used to evaluate a bridge in
relation to the level of service which it provides on the highway system
of which it is a part. The structure will be compared to a new one which
is built to current standards for that particular type of road as
further defined in this section except for Item 72 - Approach Roadway
Alignment. See Item 72 for special criteria for rating that item.

Items 67, 68, 69, 71, and 72 will be coded with a 1‑digit code that
indicates the appraisal rating for the item. The ratings and codes are
as follows:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

N Not applicable

9 Superior to present desirable criteria

8 Equal to present desirable criteria

7 Better than present minimum criteria

6 Equal to present minimum criteria

5 Somewhat better than minimum adequacy to tolerate being

left in place as is

4 Meets minimum tolerable limits to be left in place as is

3 Basically intolerable requiring high priority of corrective

action

2 Basically intolerable requiring high priority of

replacement

1 This value of rating code not used

0 Bridge closed

The FHWA Edit/Update computer program calculates values for Items 67, 68
and 69 according to the tables provided in this manual. These tables and
the table for Item 71 shall be used by all evaluators to rate these
items. They have been developed to closely match the descriptions for
the appraisal evaluation codes of 0 to 9. The tables shall be used in
all instances to evaluate the item based on the designated data in the
inventory, even if a table value does not appear to match the
descriptive codes. For unusual cases where the site data does not
exactly agree with the table criteria, use the most appropriate table to
evaluate the item. The code of N is not valid for use with Items 67 and
72.

Completed bridges not yet opened to traffic, if rated, shall be
appraised as if open to traffic. Design values, for example ADT, shall
be used for the evaluation. The data provided will include a code of G
for Item 41 - Structure Open, Posted, or Closed to Traffic.

45

Item 67 - Structural Evaluation 1 digit

This item is calculated by the Edit/Update Program based on Table 1, and
need not be coded by the bridge inspector. The following specifications
are used by the Edit/Update Program:

! For structures other than culverts, the lowest of the codes obtained
from Item 59 ‑ Superstructure, Item 60 ‑ Substructure, or Table 1 is
used.

! For culverts, the lowest of the codes obtained from Item 62 -
Culverts, or Table 1 is used.

! If Item 59, Item 60 or Item 62 is coded 1, then Item 67 is equal to
zero (0), regardless of whether the structure is actually closed.
However, if the structure is closed, it does not mean that this value is
zero (0) unless the overall condition and appraisal ratings indicate
that a code of 0 is appropriate.

Table 1 Notes:

1\. Use the lower rating code for values between those listed in the
table.

2\. Inventory Ratings are shown in metric tons with decimal point.

3\. To use Table 1, the Inventory Rating must be the coded MS rating or
its equivalent. If the comparable MS equivalent is not calculated for
the controlling rating, using a factor to determine the MS equivalent is
acceptable even though converting other rating loads to an MS equivalent
is not a constant.

4\. All bridges with Item 26 - Functional Class coded Interstate,
Freeway or Expressway shall be evaluated using the ADT column of \>5000
regardless of the actual ADT on the bridge.

46

[Item 67 - Structural Evaluation]{.underline} (cont\'d)

Table 1. Rating by Comparison of ADT - Item 29

and Inventory Rating - Item 66

+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Structural      | Inventory       |                 |                 |
|                 | Rating          |                 |                 |
| Evaluation      |                 |                 |                 |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
| Rating          |                 |                 |                 |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
| Code            |                 |                 |                 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
|                 | Average Daily   |                 |                 |
|                 | Traffic (ADT)   |                 |                 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
|                 | 0-500           | 501-5000        | \>5000          |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 9               | \>32.4          | \>32.4          | \>32.4          |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | (MS18)\*        | (MS18)          | (MS18)          |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 8               | 32.4            | 32.4            | 32.4            |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | (MS18)          | (MS18)          | (MS18)          |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 7               | 27.9            | 27.9            | 27.9            |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | (MS15.5)        | (MS15.5)        | (MS15.5)        |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 6               | 20.7            | 22.5            | 24.3            |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | (MS11.5)        | (MS12.5)        | (MS13.5)        |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 5               | 16.2            | 18.0            | 19.8            |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | (MS9)           | (MS10)          | (MS11)          |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 4               | 10.8            | 12.6            | 16.2            |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | (MS6)           | (MS7)           | (MS9)           |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 3               | Inventory       |                 |                 |
|                 | rating less     |                 |                 |
|                 | than value in   |                 |                 |
|                 | rating          |                 |                 |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | code of 4 and   |                 |                 |
|                 | requiring       |                 |                 |
|                 | corrective      |                 |                 |
|                 | action.         |                 |                 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 2               | Inventory       |                 |                 |
|                 | rating less     |                 |                 |
|                 | than value in   |                 |                 |
|                 | rating          |                 |                 |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | code of 4 and   |                 |                 |
|                 | requiring       |                 |                 |
|                 | replacement.    |                 |                 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 0               | Bridge closed   |                 |                 |
|                 | due to          |                 |                 |
|                 | structural      |                 |                 |
|                 | condition.      |                 |                 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+

\*MS Designation (typical)

47

[Item 68 - Deck Geometry]{.underline} 1 digit

This item is calculated by the Edit/Update Program and need not be coded
by the bridge inspector.

The overall rating for deck geometry includes two evaluations: (a) the

curb-to-curb or face-to-face of rail bridge width using Table 2A, B, C
or D and (b) the minimum vertical clearance over the bridge roadway
using Table 2E. The lower of the codes obtained from these tables is
used by the Edit/Update Program. When an individual table lists several
deck geometry rating codes for the same roadway width under a specific
ADT, the lower code is used. (For example, Table 2A lists deck geometry
rating codes of 6, 7 and 8 for a 13.4 meter roadway width and an ADT of
\>5000. Use the code of 6.) For values between those listed in the
tables, the lower code is used.

The curb-to-curb or face-to-face of rail dimension shall be taken from
Item 51 - Bridge Roadway Width, Curb-to-curb. Item 53 - Minimum Vertical
Clearance Over Bridge Roadway is used to evaluate the vertical
clearance.

For culverts which have Item 51 - Bridge Roadway Width coded 0000, the
Deck Geometry code will be equal to N.

The values provided in the tables are for rating purposes only. Current
design standards must be used for structure design or rehabilitation.

48

[Item 68 - Deck Geometry]{.underline} (cont\'d)

Table 2A & 2B. Rating by Comparison of ADT - Item 29 and

Bridge Roadway Width, Curb-to-Curb - Item 51

+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| TABLE  |     |     |     |      |      |      | TABLE   |       |
| 2A     |     |     |     |      |      |      | 2B      |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| Deck   | Bri |     |     |      |      |      | Bridge  |       |
|        | dge |     |     |      |      |      | Roadway |       |
| Ge     | R   |     |     |      |      |      | Width   |       |
| ometry | oad |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | way |     |     |      |      |      | 1 Lane; |       |
| Rating | Wi  |     |     |      |      |      | 2-Way   |       |
|        | dth |     |     |      |      |      | Traffic |       |
| Code   |     |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | 2   |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | Lan |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | es; |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | 2   |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | Way |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | T   |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | raf |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | fic |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
|        | ADT |     |     |      |      |      | ADT     |       |
|        | (B  |     |     |      |      |      | (Both   |       |
|        | oth |     |     |      |      |      | Dire    |       |
|        | Di  |     |     |      |      |      | ctions) |       |
|        | rec |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | tio |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | ns) |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
|        | 0-  | 1   | 4   | 1    | 2    | \>   | 0-100   | \>100 |
|        | 100 | 01- | 01- | 001- | 001- | 5000 |         |       |
|        |     |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        |     | 400 | 1   | 2000 | 5000 |      |         |       |
|        |     |     | 000 |      |      |      |         |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| 9      | \>  | \>1 | \>1 | \>   | \>   | \>   | \-      | \-    |
|        | 9.8 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 |         |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| 8      | 9.8 | 1   | 1   | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | \<4.9   | \-    |
|        |     | 1.0 | 2.2 |      |      |      |         |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| 7      | 8.5 | 9.8 | 1   | 12.2 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 4.6     | \-    |
|        |     |     | 1.0 |      |      |      |         |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| 6      | 7.3 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 10.4 | 12.2 | 13.4 | 4.3     | \-    |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| 5      | 6.1 | 7.3 | 7.9 | 8.5  | 10.4 | 11.6 | 4.0     | \-    |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| 4      | 5.5 | 6.1 | 6.7 | 7.3  | 8.5  | 9.8  | 3.7     | \-    |
|        |     |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        |     |     |     |      |      | (8.  |         |       |
|        |     |     |     |      |      | 5)\* |         |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| 3      | 4.9 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 6.7  | 7.9  | 9.1  | 3.4     | \<4.9 |
|        |     |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        |     |     |     |      |      | (7.  |         |       |
|        |     |     |     |      |      | 9)\* |         |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| 2      | Any |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | wi  |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | dth |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | l   |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | ess |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | t   |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | han |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | re  |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | qui |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | red |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | for |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | a   |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | rat |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | ing |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | c   |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | ode |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | of  |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | 3   |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | and |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | str |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | uct |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | ure |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | is  |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | op  |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | en. |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+
| 0      | Bri |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | dge |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | Clo |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
|        | sed |     |     |      |      |      |         |       |
+--------+-----+-----+-----+------+------+------+---------+-------+

\* Use value in parentheses for bridges longer than 60 meters.

[Notes:]{.underline}

1\. Use the lower rating code for values between those listed

> in the table.

2\. Dimensions are in meters.

3\. For 1 lane of one-way traffic Table 2A is used.

4\. For 3 or more undivided lanes of 2-way traffic, use Table 2C,

> Other Multilane Divided Facilities.

5\. Do not use Table 2B for code 9 and for codes 8 through 4

> inclusive when the ADT \>100. Single lane bridges less than
>
> 4.9 meters wide carrying 2-way traffic are always appraised
>
> at 3 or below if they carry more than an ADT of 100.

6\. One-lane bridges 4.90 meters and greater in roadway width, which are
not ramps, are evaluated as a 2-lane bridge using Table 2A.

49

[Item 68 - Deck Geometry]{.underline} (cont\'d)

Table 2C & 2D. Rating by Comparison of Number of Lanes - Item 28

and Bridge Roadway Width, Curb-to-Curb - Item 51

+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| TABLE   |        |          |        |          | TABLE   |         |
| 2C      |        |          |        |          | 2D      |         |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| Deck    | Bridge |          |        |          | Bridge  |         |
|         | R      |          |        |          | Roadway |         |
| G       | oadway |          |        |          | Width   |         |
| eometry | Width  |          |        |          |         |         |
|         |        |          |        |          | 1-Way   |         |
| Rating  | 2 or   |          |        |          | Traffic |         |
|         | More   |          |        |          |         |         |
| Code    | Lanes  |          |        |          |         |         |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
|         | Inte   |          | Other  |          | Ramps   |         |
|         | rstate |          | Mul    |          | Only    |         |
|         | and    |          | tilane |          |         |         |
|         | Other  |          |        |          | (Item   |         |
|         |        |          | D      |          | 5C = 7) |         |
|         | D      |          | ivided |          |         |         |
|         | ivided |          | Faci   |          |         |         |
|         | Fr     |          | lities |          |         |         |
|         | eeways |          |        |          |         |         |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
|         | 2      | 3 or     | 2      | 3 or     | 1 Lane  | 2 or    |
|         | Lanes  | more     | Lanes  | more     |         | more    |
|         |        |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | 1-way  | Lanes    | 1-way  | Lanes    |         | Lanes   |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| 9       | \>12.8 | \>       | \>12.8 | \>       | \>7.9   | \>3     |
|         |        | 3.7N+7.3 |        | 3.7N+5.5 |         | .7N+3.7 |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| 8       | 12.8   | 3.7N+7.3 | 12.8   | 3.7N+5.5 | 7.9     | 3       |
|         |        |          |        |          |         | .7N+3.7 |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| 7       | 12.2   | 3.7N+6.1 | 11.6   | 3.7N+4.6 | 7.3     | 3       |
|         |        |          |        |          |         | .7N+3.0 |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| 6       | 11.6   | 3.7N+4.9 | 11.0   | 3.7N+3.7 | 6.7     | 3       |
|         |        |          |        |          |         | .7N+2.4 |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| 5       | 11.0   | 3.7N+4.3 | 10.1   | 3.4N+3.0 | 6.1     | 3       |
|         |        |          |        |          |         | .7N+1.8 |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| 4       | 10.4   | 3.4N+3.7 | 9.1    | 3.4N+1.8 | 5.5     | 3       |
|         |        |          |        |          |         | .7N+1.2 |
| 4       | (      | (3.4     | 9.1    | 3.4N+1.8 | 5.5     |         |
|         | 8.8)\* | N+2.1)\* |        |          |         | 3       |
|         |        |          |        |          |         | .7N+1.2 |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| 3       | 10.1   | 3.4N+3.4 | 8.2    | 3.4N+1.5 | 4.9     | 3       |
|         |        |          |        |          |         | .7N+0.6 |
| 3       | (      | (3.4     | 8.2    | 3.4N+1.5 | 4.9     |         |
|         | 8.5)\* | N+1.8)\* |        |          |         | 3       |
|         |        |          |        |          |         | .7N+0.6 |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| 2       | Any    |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | width  |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | less   |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | than   |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | re     |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | quired |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | for a  |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | rating |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | code   |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | of 3   |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | and    |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | str    |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | ucture |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | is     |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | open.  |          |        |          |         |         |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+
| 0       | Bridge |          |        |          |         |         |
|         | Closed |          |        |          |         |         |
+---------+--------+----------+--------+----------+---------+---------+

\* Use value in parentheses for bridges longer than 60 meters.

N = Total number of lanes of traffic on the structure.

[Notes]{.underline}

1\. Use the lower rating code for values between those listed

> in the tables.

2\. Dimensions are in meters.

3\. Use Table 2C, Other Multilane Divided Facilities, for 3 or more

> undivided lanes of 2-way traffic.

50

[Item 68 - Deck Geometry]{.underline} (cont\'d)

Table 2E. Rating by Comparison of Minimum Vertical Clearance over

Bridge Roadway - Item 53 and Functional Classification - Item 26

+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Deck            | Minimum         |                 |                 |
|                 | Vertical        |                 |                 |
| Geometry        | Clearance       |                 |                 |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
| Rating          |                 |                 |                 |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
| Code            |                 |                 |                 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
|                 | Functional      |                 |                 |
|                 | Class           |                 |                 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
|                 | Interstate      | Other           | Major and       |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | and Other       | Principal       | Minor           |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | Freeway         | and Minor       | Collectors      |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 |                 | Arterial        | and Locals      |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 9               | \>5.18          | \>5.02          | \>5.02          |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 8               | 5.18            | 5.02            | 5.02            |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 7               | 5.10            | 4.72            | 4.72            |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 6               | 5.02            | 4.41            | 4.41            |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 5               | 4.80            | 4.34            | 4.34            |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 4               | 4.57            | 4.26            | 4.26            |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 3               | Vertical        |                 |                 |
|                 | clearance less  |                 |                 |
|                 | than value in   |                 |                 |
|                 | rating          |                 |                 |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | code of 4 and   |                 |                 |
|                 | requiring       |                 |                 |
|                 | corrective      |                 |                 |
|                 | action.         |                 |                 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 2               | Vertical        |                 |                 |
|                 | clearance less  |                 |                 |
|                 | than value in   |                 |                 |
|                 | rating          |                 |                 |
|                 |                 |                 |                 |
|                 | code of 4 and   |                 |                 |
|                 | requiring       |                 |                 |
|                 | replacement.    |                 |                 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 0               | Bridge Closed.  |                 |                 |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+

[Notes]{.underline}

1\. Use the lower rating code for values between those

listed in the table.

2\. Dimensions are in meters.

51

[Item 69 - Underclearances, Vertical and Horizontal]{.underline} 1 digit

This item is calculated by the Edit/Update Program and need not be coded
by the bridge inspector.

Vertical and horizontal underclearances are measured from the through
roadway to the superstructure or substructure units, respectively. Code
\"N\" is used unless the bridge is over a highway or railroad.

The vertical underclearance is evaluated using Table 3A. The horizontal
underclearance is evaluated using Table 3B. The lower of the codes
obtained from Table 3A and Table 3B is used by the Edit/Update Program.

Bridges seldom are closed due to deficient underclearances, however,
these bridges may be good candidates for rehabilitation or replacement.

Item 54 - Minimum Vertical Underclearance, Item 55 - Minimum Lateral
Underclearance on Right, and Item 56 - Minimum Lateral Underclearance on
Left are used to evaluate this item.

The functional classification used in the table is for the underpassing
route. Therefore, the functional classification is obtained from the
record for the route \"under\" the bridge (see Item 5 - Inventory
Route).

If the underpassing route is not on a Federal-aid system, is not a
defense route, or is not otherwise important, an \"under\" record may
not be available. If no \"under\" record exits, it is assumed that the
route under the bridge is a major or minor collector or a local road for
the purpose of using Tables 3A and 3B.

52

[Item 69 - Underclearances, Vertical and Horizontal]{.underline}
(cont\'d)

Table 3A. Rating by Comparison of Minimum Vertical Underclearance -

Item 54 and Functional Classification of Underpassing Route - Item 26

+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| Under-      | Minimum     |             |             |             |
|             | Vertical    |             |             |             |
| clear-      | Und         |             |             |             |
|             | erclearance |             |             |             |
| ance        |             |             |             |             |
|             |             |             |             |             |
| Rating      |             |             |             |             |
|             |             |             |             |             |
| Code        |             |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
|             | Functional  |             |             | Railroad    |
|             | Class       |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
|             | Interstate  | Other       | Major and   |             |
|             |             |             |             |             |
|             | and Other   | Principal   | minor       |             |
|             |             |             |             |             |
|             | Freeway     | and Minor   | Collectors  |             |
|             |             |             |             |             |
|             |             | Arterial    | and Locals  |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 9           | \>5.18      | \>5.02      | \>5.02      | \>7.01      |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 8           | 5.18        | 5.02        | 5.02        | 7.01        |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 7           | 5.10        | 4.72        | 4.72        | 6.85        |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 6           | 5.02        | 4.41        | 4.41        | 6.70        |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 5           | 4.80        | 4.34        | 4.34        | 6.40        |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 4           | 4.57        | 4.26        | 4.26        | 6.09        |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 3           | Und         |             |             |             |
|             | erclearance |             |             |             |
|             | less than   |             |             |             |
|             | value in    |             |             |             |
|             | rating code |             |             |             |
|             | of 4        |             |             |             |
|             |             |             |             |             |
|             | and         |             |             |             |
|             | requiring   |             |             |             |
|             | corrective  |             |             |             |
|             | action.     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 2           | Und         |             |             |             |
|             | erclearance |             |             |             |
|             | less than   |             |             |             |
|             | value in    |             |             |             |
|             | rating code |             |             |             |
|             | of 4        |             |             |             |
|             |             |             |             |             |
|             | and         |             |             |             |
|             | requiring   |             |             |             |
|             | r           |             |             |             |
|             | eplacement. |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
| 0           | Bridge      |             |             |             |
|             | closed.     |             |             |             |
+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

[Notes]{.underline}

1\. Use the lower rating code for values between those listed

in the tables.

2\. Dimensions are in meters.

3\. The functional classification of the underpassing route shall

be used in the evaluation. If an \"under\" record is not coded,

the underpassing route shall be considered a major or minor

collector or a local road.

53

[Item 69 - Underclearances, Vertical and Horizontal]{.underline}
(cont\'d)

Table 3B. Rating by Comparison of Minimum Lateral

Underclearances Right & Left - Items 55 & 56 and

Functional Classification of Underpassing Route - Item 26

+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
| Un   | M   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
| der- | ini |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | mum |       |       |        |         |         |         |
| cl   | L   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
| ear- | ate |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ral |       |       |        |         |         |         |
| ance | Un  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | der |       |       |        |         |         |         |
| Ra   | cle |       |       |        |         |         |         |
| ting | ara |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | nce |       |       |        |         |         |         |
| Code |     |       |       |        |         |         |         |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
|      | F   |       |       |        |         |         | R       |
|      | unc |       |       |        |         |         | ailroad |
|      | tio |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | nal |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | Cl  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ass |       |       |        |         |         |         |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
|      | 1-  |       |       |        | 2-Way   |         |         |
|      | Way |       |       |        | Traffic |         |         |
|      | T   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | raf |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | fic |       |       |        |         |         |         |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
|      | Pri |       |       |        | Other   | Major   |         |
|      | nci |       |       |        |         | and     |         |
|      | pal |       |       |        | Pr      |         |         |
|      | Art |       |       |        | incipal | Minor   |         |
|      | eri |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | al- |       |       |        | and     | Col     |         |
|      |     |       |       |        | Minor   | lectors |         |
|      | In  |       |       |        | A       |         |         |
|      | ter |       |       |        | rterial | and     |         |
|      | sta |       |       |        |         | Locals  |         |
|      | te, |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | Fr  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | eew |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ays |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      |     |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | or  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | Ex  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | pre |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ssw |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ays |       |       |        |         |         |         |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
|      | M   |       | Ramp  |        |         |         |         |
|      | ain |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | L   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ine |       |       |        |         |         |         |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
|      | L   | Right | Left  | Right  |         |         |         |
|      | eft |       |       |        |         |         |         |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
| 9    | \>  | \>9.1 | \>1.2 | \>3.0  | \>9.1   | \>3.7   | \>6.1   |
|      | 9.1 |       |       |        |         |         |         |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
| 8    | 9.1 | 9.1   | 1.2   | 3.0    | 9.1     | 3.7     | 6.1     |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
| 7    | 5.5 | 6.4   | 0.9   | 2.7    | 6.4     | 3.4     | 5.2     |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
| 6    | 1.8 | 3.7   | 0.6   | 2.4    | 3.7     | 3.0     | 4.3     |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
| 5    | 1.5 | 3.4   | 0.6   | 1.8    | 3.0     | 2.4     | 3.4     |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
| 4    | 1.2 | 3.0   | 0.6   | 1.2    | 1.8     | 1.2     | 2.4     |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
| 3    | Un  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | der |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | cle |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ara |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | nce |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | l   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ess |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | t   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | han |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | va  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | lue |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | in  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | rat |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ing |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | c   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ode |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | of  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | 4   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      |     |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | and |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | req |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | uir |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ing |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | c   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | orr |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ect |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ive |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | a   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | cti |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | on. |       |       |        |         |         |         |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
| 2    | Un  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | der |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | cle |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ara |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | nce |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | l   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ess |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | t   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | han |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | va  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | lue |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | in  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | rat |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ing |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | c   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ode |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | of  |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | 4   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      |     |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | and |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | req |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | uir |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ing |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | rep |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | lac |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | eme |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | nt. |       |       |        |         |         |         |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+
| 0    | Bri |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | dge |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | c   |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | los |       |       |        |         |         |         |
|      | ed. |       |       |        |         |         |         |
+------+-----+-------+-------+--------+---------+---------+---------+

[Notes]{.underline}:

1\. Use the lower rating code for values between those listed

in the tables.

2\. Dimensions are in meters.

3\. When acceleration or deceleration lanes or ramps are provided

under 2-way traffic, use the value from the right ramp column

to determine code.

4\. The functional classification of the underpassing route shall

be used in the evaluation. If an \"under\" record is not

coded, the underpassing route shall be considered a major or

minor collector or a local road.

54

[Item 70 - Bridge Posting]{.underline} 1 digit

The National Bridge Inspection Standards require the posting of load
limits only if the maximum legal load configurations in the State
exceeds the load permitted under the operating rating. If the load
capacity at the operating rating is such that posting is required, this
item shall be coded 4 or less. If no posting is required at the
operating rating, this item shall be coded 5.

This item evaluates the load capacity of a bridge in comparison to the
State legal load. It differs from Item 67 - Structural Evaluation in
that Item 67 uses Item 66 - Inventory Rating, while the bridge posting
requirement is based on Item 64 - Operating Rating.

Although posting a bridge for load-carrying capacity is required only
when the maximum legal load exceeds the operating rating, highway
agencies may choose to post at a lower level. This posting practice may
appear to produce conflicting coding when Item 41 - Structure Open,
Posted or Closed to Traffic is coded to show the bridge as actually
posted at the site and Item 70 - Bridge Posting is coded as bridge
posting is not required. Since different criteria are used for coding
these 2 items, this coding is acceptable and correct when the highway
agency elects to post at less than the operating rating. Item 70 shall
be coded 4 or less only if the legal load of the State exceeds that
permitted under the operating rating.

The use or presence of a temporary bridge affects the coding. The actual
operating rating of the temporary bridge should be used to determine
this item. However the highway agency may choose to post at a lower
level. This also applies to bridges shored up or repaired on a temporary
basis.

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

> 4 or less Posting required

5 No posting required

The degree that the operating rating is less than the maximum legal load
level may be used to differentiate between codes. As a guide and for
coding purposes only, the following values may be used to code this
item:

[Code]{.underline} [Relationship of Operating Rating]{.underline}

[to Maximum Legal Load]{.underline}

> 5 Equal to or above legal loads
>
> 4 0.1 - 9.9% below
>
> 3 10.0 - 19.9% below
>
> 2 20.0 - 29.9% below
>
> 1 30.0 - 39.9% below
>
> 0 \> 39.9% below

55

[Item 71 - Waterway Adequacy]{.underline} 1 digit

This item appraises the waterway opening with respect to passage of flow
through the bridge. The following codes shall be used in evaluating
waterway adequacy (interpolate where appropriate). Site conditions may
warrant somewhat higher or lower ratings than indicated by the table
(e.g., flooding of an urban area due to a restricted bridge opening).

Where overtopping frequency information is available, the descriptions
given in the table for chance of overtopping mean the following:

Remote - greater than 100 years

Slight - 11 to 100 years

Occasional - 3 to 10 years

Frequent - less than 3 years

Adjectives describing traffic delays mean the following:

Insignificant - Minor inconvenience. Highway passable in a

matter of hours.

Significant - Traffic delays of up to several days.

Severe - Long term delays to traffic with resulting

hardship.

[Functional Classification]{.underline}

Other

Principal Principal

Arterials - and Minor Description

Interstates, Arterials Minor

Freeways, or and Major Collectors,

[Expressways Collectors Locals Code]{.underline}

> N N N Bridge not over a waterway.
>
> 9 9 9 Bridge deck and roadway approaches above flood water elevations
> (high water). Chance of overtopping is remote.
>
> 8 8 8 Bridge deck above roadway approaches. Slight chance of
> overtopping roadway approaches.
>
> 6 6 7 Slight chance of overtopping bridge deck and roadway approaches.
>
> 4 5 6 Bridge deck above roadway approaches. Occasional overtopping of
> roadway approaches with insignificant traffic delays.

(codes continued on the next page)

56

[Item 71 - Waterway Adequacy]{.underline} (cont\'d)

[Functional Classification]{.underline}

Other

Principal Principal

Arterials - and Minor Description

Interstates, Arterials Minor

Freeways, or and Major Collectors,

[Expressways Collectors Locals Code]{.underline}

> 3 4 5 Bridge deck above roadway approaches. Occasional overtopping of
> roadway approaches with significant traffic delays.
>
> 2 3 4 Occasional overtopping of bridge deck and roadway approaches
> with significant traffic delays.
>
> 2 2 3 Frequent overtopping of bridge deck and roadway approaches with
> significant traffic delays.
>
> 2 2 2 Occasional or frequent overtopping of bridge deck and roadway
> approaches with severe traffic delays.
>
> 0 0 0 Bridge closed.

[Item 72 - Approach Roadway Alignment]{.underline} 1 digit

Code the rating based on the adequacy of the approach roadway alignment.
This item identifies those bridges which do not function properly or
adequately due to the alignment of the approaches. It is not intended
that the approach roadway alignment be compared to current standards but
rather to the existing highway alignment. This concept differs from
other appraisal evaluations. The establishment of set criteria to be
used at all bridge sites is not appropriate for this item. The basic
criteria is how the alignment of the roadway approaches to the bridge
relate to the general highway alignment for the section of highway the
bridge is on.

The individual structure shall be rated in accordance with the general
appraisal rating guide described on page 453 in lieu of specific design
values. The approach roadway alignment will be rated intolerable (a code
of 3 or less) only if the horizontal or vertical curvature requires a
substantial reduction in the vehicle operating speed from that on the
highway section. A very minor speed reduction will be rated a 6, and
when a speed reduction is not required, the appraisal code will be an 8.
Additional codes may be selected between these general values.

57

[Item 72 - Approach Roadway Alignment]{.underline} (cont\'d)

For example, if the highway section requires a substantial speed
reduction due to vertical or horizontal alignment, and the roadway
approach to the bridge requires only a very minor additional speed
reduction at the bridge, the appropriate code would be a 6. This concept
shall be used at each bridge site.

Speed reductions necessary because of structure width and not alignment
shall not be considered in evaluating this item.

[Item 73 and Item 74]{.underline}

(Reserved)

[Item 75 - Type of Work]{.underline} 3 digits

The information to be recorded for this item will be the type of work
proposed to be accomplished on the structure to improve it to the point
that it will provide the type of service needed and whether the proposed
work is to be done by contract or force account. Code a 3-digit number
composed of 2 segments.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

75A Type of Work Proposed 2 digits

75B Work Done by 1 digit

This item must be coded for bridges eligible for the Highway Bridge
Replacement and Rehabilitation Program. To be eligible, a bridge must
carry highway traffic, be deficient and have a sufficiency rating of
80.0 or less. This item may be coded for other bridges at the option of
the highway agency. Use one of the following codes to represent the
proposed work type, otherwise leave blank:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

31 Replacement of bridge or other structure because of substandard load
carrying capacity or substandard bridge roadway geometry.

32 Replacement of bridge or other structure because of relocation of
road.

33 Widening of existing bridge or other major structure without deck
rehabilitation or replacement; includes culvert lengthening.

34 Widening of existing bridge with deck rehabilitation or replacement.

(codes continued on the next page)

58

[Item 75 - Type of Work]{.underline} (cont\'d)

35 Bridge rehabilitation because of general structure deterioration or
inadequate strength.

36 Bridge deck rehabilitation with only incidental widening.

37 Bridge deck replacement with only incidental widening.

38 Other structural work, including hydraulic replacements.

If segment A is blank, leave segment B blank. Otherwise, the third digit
shall be coded using one of the following codes to indicate whether the
proposed work is to be done by contract or by force account:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Work to be done by contract

2 Work to be done by owner\'s forces

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

A bridge is to be replaced by contract because it has 311

deteriorated to the point that it can no longer carry legal loads. The
same code should be used if the bridge is

replaced because it is now too narrow or the original design

was too light to accommodate today\'s legal loads.

> A bridge is to be replaced because the roadway must be 321

straightened to eliminate a dangerous curve. The work will

be done by contract.

> A bridge is to be widened to increase shoulder width or 331

the number of traffic lanes. The existing deck is in good

condition and will be incorporated as is into the new

structure. The work is to be done by contract.

> A culvert is to be extended by contract to accommodate 331

additional roadway width as part of a reconstruction

contract to improve the safety of the adjacent slopes.

> A deck is to be rehabilitated and the bridge widened 341

to provide a full 3.6 meter shoulder. The existing

shoulder is only .2 meters wide and an extra line of

girders with appropriate substructure widening must be

added. The work will be done by contract.

> A bridge superstructure and substructure are to be 352

rehabilitated by State forces to increase the bridge\'s

load capacity.

59

[Item 75 - Type of Work]{.underline} (cont\'d)

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

> A bridge deck is to be rehabilitated by contract and a 361

safety curb to be removed which results in incidental

widening of 0.6 meters.

> A bridge deck is to be replaced by contract and the 371

deck cantilever overhang extended 0.6 meters, which is

the maximum that can be done without adding another line

of stringers or girders to the superstructure.

> A bridge which is no longer needed is to be demolished 382

and an at-grade crossing built by State forces. (This

code could also be used to designate incidental safety

work on a bridge such as bridge-rail upgrading or

replacement.)

[Item 76 - Length of Structure Improvement]{.underline} (XXXXX.X meters)
6 digits

Code a 6‑digit number that represents the length of the proposed bridge
improvement to the nearest tenth of a meter (with an assumed decimal
point). For replacement or rehabilitation of the entire bridge, the
length should be back to back of backwalls of abutments or from pavement
notch to pavement notch. For replacement or rehabilitation of only part
of the structure, use the length of the portion to be improved.

This item must be coded for bridges eligible for the Highway Bridge
Replacement and Rehabilitation Program. It may be coded for other
bridges at the option of the highway agency.

For culvert improvements, use the proposed length measured along the
centerline of the barrel regardless of the depth below grade. The
measurement should be made between the inside faces of the top parapet
or edge-stiffening beam of the top slab.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Length of Structure Improvement 76.2 meters 000762

1200 meters 012000

12,345 meters 123450

For substructure or channel work only, code the length of superstructure
over, or supported by, the substructure or channel.

Typically, a replacement bridge is longer than the existing bridge.
Nationwide averages for the increase in bridge length with replacement
as a function of the existing length are given in the following figures.
The length-expansion factors represent data for the years 1981 to 1985.
Where site-specific data is lacking, these factors are suggested for
estimating the length of replacement bridges. For exceedingly long
bridges (i.e., 300 meters or more) the length-expansion factor
approaches 1.0.

60

[Item 76 - Length of Structure Improvement]{.underline} (cont\'d)

INCREASED LENGTH OF REPLACEMENT BRIDGES

X = EXISTING BRIDGE LENGTH

Y = LENGTH EXPANSION FACTOR

![](media/image18.png){width="5.825in" height="6.5625in"}

REPLACEMENT BRIDGE LENGTH = EXISTING BRIDGE LENGTH x LENGTH EXPANSION
FACTOR

61

[Item 77 through Item 89]{.underline}

(Reserved)

[Item 90 - Inspection Date]{.underline} 4 digits

Record the month and year that the last routine inspection of the
structure was performed. This inspection date may be different from
those recorded in Item 93 - Critical Feature Inspection Date. Code a
4‑digit number to represent the month and year. The number of the month
should be coded in the first 2 digits with a leading zero as required
and the last 2 digits of the year coded as the third and fourth digits
of the field.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Inspection date November 1992 1192

March 1994 0394

[Item 91 - Designated Inspection Frequency]{.underline} 2 digits

Code 2 digits to represent the number of months between designated
inspections of the structure. A leading zero shall be coded as required.
This interval is usually determined by the individual in charge of the
inspection program. For posted, understrength bridges, this interval
should be substantially less than the 24‑month standard. The designated
inspection interval could vary from inspection to inspection depending
on the condition of the bridge at the time of inspection.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Posted bridge with heavy truck traffic 01

and questionable structural details

which is designated to be inspected

each month

Bridge is scheduled to be inspected 24

every 24 months

It should be noted that bridges will also require special non-scheduled
inspections after unusual physical traumas such as floods, earthquakes,
fires or collisions. These special inspections may range from a very
brief visual examination to a detailed in-depth evaluation depending
upon the nature of the trauma. For example, when a substructure pier or
abutment is struck by an errant vehicle, in most cases only a visual
examination of the bridge is necessary. After major collisions or
earthquakes, in-depth inspections may be warranted as directed by the
engineer in overall charge of the program. After and during severe
floods, the stability of the substructure of bridges may have to be
determined by probing, underwater sensors or other appropriate measures.
Underwater inspection by divers may be required for some scour critical
bridges immediately after floods. See Item 113 - Scour Critical Bridges.

62

[Item 92 - Critical Feature Inspection]{.underline} 9 digits

Using a series of 3-digit code segments, denote critical features that
need special inspections or special emphasis during inspections and the
designated inspection interval in months as determined by the individual
in charge of the inspection program. The designated inspection interval
could vary from inspection to inspection depending on the condition of
the bridge at the time of inspection.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

92A Fracture Critical Details 3 digits

92B Underwater Inspection 3 digits

92C Other Special Inspection 3 digits

For each segment of Item 92A, B, and C, code the first digit Y for
special inspection or emphasis needed and code N for not needed. The
first digit of Item 92A, B, and C must be coded for all structures to
designate either a yes or no answer. Those bridges coded with a Y in
Item 92A or B should be the same bridges contained in the Master Lists
of fracture critical and special underwater inspection bridges. In the
second and third digits of each segment, code a 2‑digit number to
indicate the number of months between inspections only if the first
digit is coded Y. If the first digit is coded N, the second and third
digits are left blank.

Current guidelines for the maximum allowable interval between
inspections can be summarized as follows:

Fracture Critical Details 24 months

Underwater Inspection 60 months

Other Special Inspections 60 months

EXAMPLES: [Item]{.underline} [Code]{.underline}

> A 2-girder system structure which is being 92A Y12
>
> inspected yearly and no other special inspections 92B N\_\_
>
> are required. 92C N\_\_
>
> A structure where both fracture critical and 92A Y12
>
> underwater inspection are being performed on a 92B Y12
>
> 1-year interval. Other special inspections 92C N\_\_
>
> are not required.
>
> A structure has been temporarily shored and is 92A N\_\_
>
> being inspected on a 6‑month interval. Other 92B N\_\_
>
> special inspections are not required. 92C Y06

63

[Item 93 - Critical Feature Inspection Date]{.underline} 12 digits

Code only if the first digit of Item 92A, B, or C is coded Y for yes.
Record as a series of 4-digit code segments, the month and year that the
last inspection of the denoted critical feature was performed.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

93A Fracture Critical Details 4 digits

93B Underwater Inspection 4 digits

93C Other Special Inspection 4 digits

For each segment of this item, when applicable, code a 4‑digit number to
represent the month and year. The number of the month should be coded in
the first 2 digits with a leading zero as required and the last 2 digits
of the year coded as the third and fourth digits of the field. If the
first digit of any part of Item 92 is coded N, then the corresponding
part of this item shall be blank.

EXAMPLES: [Item]{.underline} [Code]{.underline}

A structure has fracture critical members which 93A 0386

were last inspected in March 1986. It does not 93B (blank)

require underwater or other special feature 93C (blank)

inspections.

A structure has no fracture critical details, but 93A (blank)

requires underwater inspection and has other special 93B 0486

features (for example, a temporary support) for which 93C 1185

the State requires special inspection. The last

underwater inspection was done in April 1986 and the

last special feature inspection was done in November 1985.

[Item 94 - Bridge Improvement Cost]{.underline} 6 digits

Code a 6-digit number to represent the estimated cost of the proposed
bridge or major structure improvements in thousands of dollars. This
cost shall include only bridge construction costs,
[excluding]{.underline} roadway, right of way, detour, demolition,
preliminary engineering, etc. Code the base year for the cost in Item
97 - Year of Improvement Cost Estimate. Do not use this item for
estimating maintenance costs.

This item must be coded for bridges eligible for the Highway Bridge
Replacement and Rehabilitation Program. It may be coded for other
bridges at the option of the highway agency.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Bridge Improvement Cost \$ 55,850 000056

250,000 000250

7,451,233 007451

64

[Item 94 - Bridge Improvement Cost]{.underline} (cont\'d)

Nationally, the deck area of replaced bridges is averaging 2.2 times the
deck area before replacement. The deck area of rehabilitated bridges is
averaging 1.5 times the deck area before rehabilitation. Widening square
meter costs are typically 1.8 times the square meter cost of new bridges
with similar spans. For example, if the average cost of a new bridge is
\$500 per square meter, the average cost of the widened area would be
\$900 per square meter.

Each highway agency is encouraged to use its best available information
and established procedures to determine bridge improvement costs. In the
absence of these procedures, the highway agency may wish to use the
following procedure as a guide in preparing bridge improvement cost
estimates.

Apply a construction unit cost to the proposed bridge area developed by
using (1) current State deck geometry design standards and (2) proposed
bridge length from Item 76 - Length of Structure Improvement.

[Item 95 - Roadway Improvement Cost]{.underline} 6 digits

Code a 6‑digit number to represent the cost of the proposed roadway
improvement in thousands of dollars. This shall include only roadway
construction costs, excluding bridge, right‑of‑way, detour, extensive
roadway realignment costs, preliminary engineering, etc. Code the base
year for the cost in Item 97 - Year of Improvement Cost Estimate. Do not
use this item for estimating maintenance costs.

This item must be coded for bridges eligible for the Highway Bridge
Replacement and Rehabilitation Program. It may be coded for other
bridges at the option of the highway agency.

In the absence of a procedure for estimating roadway improvement costs,
a guide of 10 percent of the bridge costs is suggested.

[Item 96 - Total Project Cost]{.underline} 6 digits

Code a 6-digit number to represent the total project cost in thousands
of dollars, [including]{.underline} incidental costs not included in
Items 94 and 95. This item should include [all]{.underline} costs
normally associated with the proposed bridge improvement project. The
Total Project Cost will therefore usually be greater than the sum of
Items 94 and 95. Code the base year for the cost in Item 97 - Year of
Improvement Cost Estimate. Do not use this item for coding maintenance
costs.

This item must be coded for bridges eligible for the Highway Bridge
Replacement and Rehabilitation Program. It may be coded for other
bridges at the option of the highway agency.

In the absence of a procedure for estimating the total project cost, a
guide of 150 percent of the bridge cost is suggested.

65

[Item 97 - Year of Improvement Cost Estimate]{.underline} 4 digits

Record and code the year that the costs of work estimated in Item 94 -
Bridge Improvement Cost, Item 95 - Roadway Improvement Cost, and Item
96 - Total Project Cost were based upon. This date and the data provided
for Item 94 through Item 96 must be current; that is, Item 97 shall be
no more than 8 years old.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Year of Cost Estimate 1994 costs 1994

2000 costs 2000

[Item 98 - Border Bridge]{.underline} 5 digits

Use this item to indicate structures crossing borders of States. Code a
5‑digit number composed of 2 segments specifying the percent
responsibility for improvements to the existing structure when it is on
a border with a neighboring State. Code the first 3 digits with the
neighboring State code using State codes listed in Item 1 - State Code.
Code the fourth and fifth digits with the percentage of total deck area
of the existing bridge that the neighboring State is responsible for
funding.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

98A Neighboring State Code 3 digits

98B Percent Responsibility 2 digits

If a neighboring State codes the structure and accepts 100% of the
responsibility, but your State still codes a record for the structure,
then Item 98B in your State\'s record should be coded 99 to represent
that your State has no responsibility for the structure.

For the special case of a structure on the border with Canada or Mexico,
code the State code value = CAN or MEX respectively. If structure is not
on a border, leave blank.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

A structure connects your State with New Jersey 34245

and New Jersey is responsible for funding

45 percent of future improvement costs.

A structure connects your State with MEX00

Mexico and Mexico is not responsible for

any funding of future improvement costs.

[Item 99 - Border Bridge Structure Number]{.underline} 15 digits

Code the neighboring State\'s 15-digit National Bridge Inventory
structure number for any structure noted in Item 98 - Border Bridge.
This number must match exactly the neighboring State\'s submitted NBI
structure number. The entire 15-digit field must be accounted for
including zeros and blank spaces whether they are leading, trailing, or
embedded in the 15-digit field. If Item 98 is blank, this item is blank.

In the above example where Mexico (or a neighboring State) has 00%
responsibility, and, if there is no NBI Structure Number in that
State\'s inventory file, then the entire 15-digit field shall be coded
zeroes.

66

[Item 100 - STRAHNET Highway Designation]{.underline} 1 digit

This item shall be coded for all records in the inventory. For the
purposes of this item, the STRAHNET Connectors are considered included
in the term STRAHNET. For the inventory route identified in Item 5,
indicate STRAHNET highway conditions using one of the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 The inventory route is not a STRAHNET route.

1 The inventory route is on a Interstate STRAHNET

route.

2.  The inventory route is on a Non-Interstate

> STRAHNET route.

3.  The inventory route is on a STRAHNET connector

> route.

[Item 101 - Parallel Structure Designation]{.underline} 1 digit

Code this item to indicate situations where separate structures carry
the inventory route in opposite directions of travel over the same
feature. The lateral distance between structures has no bearing on the
coding of this item. One of the following codes shall be used:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

R The right structure of parallel bridges carrying the roadway in the
direction of the inventory. (For a STRAHNET highway, this is west to
east and south to north.)

L The left structure of parallel bridges. This structure carries traffic
in the opposite direction.

N No parallel structure exists.

EXAMPLE:
[Code]{.underline}![](media/image19.png){width="4.002777777777778in"
height="2.41875in"}

Structure #1 R

Structure #2 L

67

[Item 102 - Direction of Traffic]{.underline} 1 digit

Code the direction of traffic of the inventory route identified in Item
5 as a 1-digit number using one of the codes below. This item must be
compatible with other traffic-related items such as Item 28A Lanes on
the Structure, Item 29 - Average Daily Traffic, Item 47 - Total
Horizontal Clearance and Item 51 - Bridge Roadway Width, Curb-to-Curb.

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 Highway traffic not carried

1 1-way traffic

2 2-way traffic

3 One lane bridge for 2-way traffic

[Item 103 - Temporary Structure Designation]{.underline} 1 digit

Code this item to indicate situations where temporary structures or
conditions exist. This item should be blank if not applicable.

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

T Temporary structure(s) or conditions exist.

Temporary structure(s) or conditions are those which are required to
facilitate traffic flow. This may occur either before or during the
modification or replacement of a structure found to be deficient. Such
conditions include the following:

! Bridges shored up, including additional temporary supports.

! Temporary repairs made to keep a bridge open.

! Temporary structures, temporary runarounds or bypasses.

! Other temporary measures, such as barricaded traffic lanes to keep the
bridge open.

Any repaired structure or replacement structure which is expected to
remain in place without further project activity, other than
maintenance, for a significant period of time shall not be considered
temporary. Under such conditions, that structure, regardless of its
type, shall be considered the minimum adequate to remain in place and
evaluated accordingly.

If this item is coded T, then all data recorded for the structure shall
be for the condition of the structure without temporary measures, except
for the following items which shall be for the temporary structure:

[Item]{.underline} 10 - Inventory Route, Minimum Vertical Clearance

41 - Structure Open, Posted, or Closed to Traffic

47 - Inventory Route, Total Horizontal Clearance

53 - Minimum Vertical Clearance Over Bridge Roadway

54 - Minimum Vertical Underclearance

55 - Minimum Lateral Underclearance on Right

56 - Minimum Lateral Underclearance on Left

70 - Bridge Posting

68

[Item 104 - Highway System of the Inventory Route]{.underline} 1 digit

This item is to be coded for all records in the inventory. For the
inventory route identified in Item 5, indicate whether the [inventory
route]{.underline} is on the National Highway System (NHS) or not on
that system. Initially, this code shall reflect an inventory route on
the NHS \"Interim System\" description in Section 1006(a) of the 1991
ISTEA. Upon approval of the NHS by Congress, the coding is to reflect
the approved NHS. Use one of the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 Inventory Route [is not]{.underline} on the NHS

1 Inventory Route [is]{.underline} on the NHS

[Item 105 - Federal Lands Highways]{.underline} 1 digit

Structures owned by State and local jurisdictions on roads which lead to
and traverse through federal lands sometimes require special coded
unique identification because they are eligible to receive funding from
the Federal Lands Highway Program. One of the following codes shall be
used:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 Not applicable

1 Indian Reservation Road (IRR)

2 Forest Highway (FH)

3 Land Management Highway System (LMHS)

4 Both IRR and FH

5 Both IRR and LMHS

6 Both FH and LMHS

9 Combined IRR, FH and LMHS

[Item 106 - Year Reconstructed]{.underline} 4 digits

Record and code the year of most recent reconstruction of the structure.
Code all 4 digits of the latest year in which reconstruction of the
structure was completed. If there has been no reconstruction code 0000.

For a bridge to be defined as reconstructed, the type of work performed,
whether or not it meets current minimum standards, must have been
eligible for funding under any of the Federal-aid funding categories.
The eligibility criteria would apply to the work performed regardless of
whether all State or local funds or Federal-aid funds were used.

Some types of eligible work not to be considered as reconstruction are
listed:

> \- Safety feature replacement or upgrading (for example, bridge rail,
> approach guardrail or impact attenuators).
>
> \- Painting of structural steel.

69

[Item 106 - Year Reconstructed]{.underline} (cont\'d)

> \- Overlay of bridge deck as part of a larger highway surfacing
> project (for example, overlay carried across bridge deck for surface
> uniformity without additional bridge work).
>
> \- Utility work.
>
> \- Emergency repair to restore structural integrity to the previous
> status following an accident.
>
> \- Retrofitting to correct a deficiency which does not substantially
> alter physical geometry or increase the load-carrying capacity.
>
> \- Work performed to keep a bridge operational while plans for
> complete rehabilitation or replacement are under preparation (for
> example, adding a substructure element or extra girder).

EXAMPLE: [Code]{.underline}

Reconstruction completed 1970 1970

[Item 107 - Deck Structure Type]{.underline} 1 digit

Record the type of deck system on the bridge. If more than one type of
deck system is on the bridge, code the most predominant. Code N for a
filled culvert or arch with the approach roadway section carried across
the structure. Use one of the following codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Concrete Cast‑in‑Place

2 Concrete Precast Panels

3 Open Grating

4 Closed Grating

5 Steel plate (includes orthotropic)

6 Corrugated Steel

7 Aluminum

8 Wood or Timber

9 Other

N Not applicable

[Item 108 - Wearing Surface/Protective System]{.underline} 3 digits

Information on the wearing surface and protective system of the bridge
deck shall be coded using a 3-digit code composed of 3 segments.

[Segment]{.underline} [Description]{.underline} [Length]{.underline}

108A Type of Wearing Surface 1 digit

108B Type of Membrane 1 digit

108C Deck Protection 1 digit

70

[Item 108 - Wearing Surface/Protective System]{.underline} (cont\'d)

1st Digit - Type of Wearing Surface (Item 108A):

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Monolithic Concrete (concurrently placed

with structural deck)

2 Integral Concrete (separate non-modified layer of concrete added to
structural deck)

3 Latex Concrete or similar additive

4 Low Slump Concrete

5 Epoxy Overlay

6 Bituminous

7 Wood or Timber

8 Gravel

9 Other

0 None (no additional concrete thickness or wearing surface is included
in the bridge deck)

N Not Applicable (applies only to structures with no deck)

2nd Digit ‑ Type of Membrane (Item 108B):

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Built‑up

2 Preformed Fabric

3 Epoxy

8 Unknown

9 Other

0 None

N Not Applicable (applies only to structures

with no deck)

3rd Digit ‑ Deck Protection (Item 108C):

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Epoxy Coated Reinforcing

2 Galvanized Reinforcing

3 Other Coated Reinforcing

4 Cathodic Protection

6 Polymer Impregnated

7 Internally Sealed

8 Unknown

9 Other

0 None

N Not Applicable (applies only to structures

with no deck)

71

[Item 109 - Average Daily Truck Traffic]{.underline} (XX percent) 2
digits

Code a 2-digit percentage that shows the percentage of Item 29 - Average
Daily Traffic that is truck traffic. Do not include vans, pickup trucks
and other light delivery trucks in this percentage.

If this information is not available, an estimate which represents the
average percentage for the category of road carried by the bridge may be
used. May be left blank if Item 29 - Average Daily Traffic is not
greater than 100.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Average Daily Traffic 7% trucks 07

12% trucks 12

[Item 110 - Designated National Network]{.underline} 1 digit

The national network for trucks includes most of the Interstate System
and those portions of Federal‑Aid highways identified in the Code of
Federal Regulations (23 CFR 658). The national network for trucks is
available for use by commercial motor vehicles of the dimensions and
configurations described in these regulations. For the inventory route
identified in Item 5, indicate conditions using one of the following
codes:

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

0 The inventory route is not part of the national network for trucks.

1 The inventory route is part of the national network for trucks.

Item 111 - Pier or Abutment Protection (for Navigation) 1 digit

If Item 38 - Navigation Control has been coded 1, use the codes below to
indicate the presence and adequacy of pier or abutment protection
features such as fenders, dolphins, etc. The condition of the protection
devices may be a factor in the overall evaluation of Item 60 -
Substructure. If Item 38 - Navigation Control has been coded 0 or N,
leave blank to indicate not applicable.

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

1 Navigation protection not required

2 In place and functioning

3 In place but in a deteriorated condition

4 In place but reevaluation of design

suggested

5 None present but reevaluation suggested

72

[Item 112 - NBIS Bridge Length]{.underline} 1 digit

Does this structure meet or exceed the minimum length specified to be
designated as a bridge for National Bridge Inspection Standards
purposes? The following definition of a bridge is to be used:

> A structure including supports erected over a depression or an
> obstruction, such as water, highway, or railway, and having a track or
> passageway for carrying traffic or other moving loads, and having an
> opening measured along the center of the roadway of more than
>
> 20 feet\* between undercopings of abutments or spring lines of arches,
> or extreme ends of openings for multiple boxes; it may also include
> multiple pipes, where the clear distance between openings is less than
> half of the smaller contiguous opening.
>
> \* (6.1 meters).

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

Y Yes

N No

EXAMPLES:

![](media/image20.png){width="3.1625in" height="4.5in"}

\(1\) Item 112 - NBIS Bridge Length

73

![](media/image21.png){width="5.970138888888889in"
height="7.129861111111111in"}[Item 112 -- NBIS Bridge
Length]{.underline} (cont'd)

EXAMPLES:

\(1\) Item 112 - NBIS Bridge Length

74

[Item 113 - Scour Critical Bridges]{.underline} 1 digit

Use a single-digit code as indicated below to identify the current
status of the bridge regarding its vulnerability to scour. Scour
analyses shall be made by hydraulic/geotechnical/structural engineers.
Details on conducting a scour analysis are included in the FHWA
Technical Advisory 5140.23 titled, \"Evaluating Scour at Bridges.\"
Whenever a rating factor of 4 or below is determined for this item, the
rating factor for Item 60 - Substructure may need to be revised to
reflect the severity of actual scour and resultant damage to the bridge.
A scour critical bridge is one with abutment or pier foundations which
are rated as unstable due to (1) observed scour at the bridge site or
(2) a scour potential as determined from a scour evaluation study.

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

> N Bridge not over waterway.
>
> U Bridge with \"unknown\" foundation that has not been evaluated for
> scour. Since risk cannot be determined, flag for monitoring during
> flood events and, if appropriate, closure.
>
> T Bridge over \"tidal\" waters that has not been evaluated for scour,
> but considered low risk. Bridge will be monitored with regular
> inspection cycle and with appropriate underwater inspections.
> (\"Unknown\" foundations in \"tidal\" waters should be coded U.)
>
> 9 Bridge foundations (including piles) on dry land well above flood
> water elevations.
>
> 8 Bridge foundations determined to be stable for assessed or
> calculated scour conditions; calculated scour is above top of footing.
> (Example A)
>
> 7 Countermeasures have been installed to correct a previously existing
> problem with scour. Bridge is no longer scour critical.
>
> 6 Scour calculation/evaluation has not been made. ([Use only to
> describe case where bridge has not yet been evaluated for scour
> potential]{.underline}.)
>
> 5 Bridge foundations determined to be stable for calculated scour
> conditions; scour within limits of footing or piles. (Example B)
>
> 4 Bridge foundations determined to be stable for calculated scour
> conditions; field review indicates action is required to protect
> exposed foundations from effects of additional erosion and corrosion.
>
> 3 Bridge is scour critical; bridge foundations determined to be
> unstable for calculated scour conditions:
>
> \- Scour within limits of footing or piles. (Example B)
>
> \- Scour below spread-footing base or pile tips. (Example C)

(codes continued on the next page)

75

[Item 113 - Scour Critical Bridges]{.underline} (cont\'d)

[Code]{.underline} [Description]{.underline}

> 2 Bridge is scour critical; field review indicates that extensive
> scour has occurred at bridge foundations. Immediate action is required
> to provide scour countermeasures.
>
> 1 Bridge is scour critical; field review indicates that failure of
> piers/abutments is imminent. Bridge is closed to traffic.
>
> 0 Bridge is scour critical. Bridge has failed and is closed to
> traffic.

EXAMPLES: [CALCULATED SCOUR DEPTH]{.underline} [ACTION
NEEDED]{.underline}

![](media/image22.png){width="6.1625in" height="6.0625in"} 76

[Item 114 - Future Average Daily Traffic]{.underline} 6 digits

Code for all bridges the forecasted average daily traffic (ADT) for the
inventory route identified in Item 5. This shall be projected at least
17 years but no more than 22 years from the year of inspection. The
intent is to provide a basis for a 20-year forecast. This item may be
updated anytime, but must be updated when the forecast falls below the
17-year limit. If planning data is not available, use the best estimate
based on site familiarity.

The future ADT must be compatible with the other items coded for the
bridge. For example, parallel bridges with an open median are coded as
follows: if Item 28 -Lanes On and Under the Structure and Item 51 -
Bridge Roadway Width, Curb-to-Curb are coded for each bridge separately,
then the future ADT must be coded for each bridge separately (not the
total for the route).

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Future ADT 540 000540

15,600 015600

240,000 240000

[Item 115 - Year of Future Average Daily Traffic]{.underline} 4 digits

Record and code the year represented by the future ADT in Item 114. The
projected year of future ADT shall be at least 17 years but no more than
22 years from the year of inspection.

EXAMPLE: [Code]{.underline}

Year of Future ADT is 2014 2014

[Item 116 - Minimum Navigation Vertical Clearance,]{.underline}

[Vertical Lift Bridge]{.underline} (XXX.X meters) 4 digits

Record and code as a 4-digit number truncated to the tenth of a meter
(with an assumed decimal point), the minimum vertical clearance imposed
at the site as measured above a datum that is specified on a navigation
permit issued by a control agency. Code this item only for vertical lift
bridges in the dropped or closed position, otherwise leave blank.

EXAMPLES: [Code]{.underline}

Vertical Clearance 10.67 meters 0106

24.22 meters 0242

77

GENERAL

Inspection reports should generally include the following:

1\. A statement of action taken, if any, pursuant to findings of
inspection.

2\. Any special findings stemming from the inspection and evaluation of
fracture critical members, underwater inspections, and special feature
inspection.

3\. Any features which should be monitored closely during subsequent
inspections as should any specific descriptions, instructions, or
concerns.

Measurements, sketches, diagrams, test results, or calculations should
generally be included on separate sheets.

78

APPENDIX A

**Structure Inventory and Appraisal Sheet**

![](media/image23.png)

A-1

APPENDIX B

**Sufficiency Rating Formula and Example**

**Appendix B**

**Sufficiency Rating Formula and Example**

The sufficiency rating formula described herein is a method of
evaluating highway bridge data by calculating four separate factors to
obtain a numeric value which is indicative of bridge sufficiency to
remain in service. The result of this method is a percentage in which
100 percent would represent an entirely sufficient bridge and zero
percent would represent an entirely insufficient or deficient bridge.

An asterisk prefix is used to identify a sufficiency rating that was
calculated even though some essential data was missing or coded
incorrectly. The Edit/Update Program will substitute a value for the
unusable data (which will not lower the rating) and calculate the
sufficiency rating. The asterisk is dropped when the unusable data is
corrected. It is normal that all culverts with Bridge Roadway Width,
Curb-to-Curb - Item 51 coded \'0000\' will have an asterisk prefixed
sufficiency.

B-1

**Figure 1. Summary of Sufficiency Rating Factors**

![](media/image24.png){width="6.166666666666667in"
height="7.304861111111111in"}

B-2

**Sufficiency Rating Formula**

1\. Structural Adequacy and Safety (55% maximum)

a\. Only the lowest rating code of Item 59, 60, or 62 applies.

If Item 59 (Superstructure Rating) or

Item 60 (Substructure Rating) is [\<]{.underline} 2 then A = 55%

= 3 A = 40%

= 4 A = 25%

= 5 A = 10%

If Item 59 and Item 60 = N and

Item 62 (Culvert Rating) is [\<]{.underline} 2 then A = 55%

= 3 A = 40%

= 4 A = 25%

= 5 A = 10%

b\. Reduction for Load Capacity:

Calculate using the following formulas where

IR is the Inventory Rating (MS Loading) in tons

or use Figure 2:

B = (32.4 - IR)^1.5^ x 0.3254

or

If (32.4 - IR) [\<]{.underline} 0, then B = 0

\"B\" shall not be less than 0% nor greater than 55%.

**S~1~ = 55 - (A + B)**

S~1~ shall not be less than 0% nor greater than 55%.

B-3

**FIGURE 2. Reduction for Load Capacity**

![](media/image25.png){width="6.309722222222222in"
height="8.70486111111111in"}

B-4

2\. Serviceability and Functional Obsolescence (30% maximum)

a\. Rating Reductions (13% maximum)

If #58 (Deck Condition) is [\<]{.underline} 3 then A = 5%

= 4 A = 3%

= 5 A = 1%

If #67 (Structural Evaluation) is [\<]{.underline} 3 then B = 4%

= 4 B = 2%

= 5 B = 1%

If #68 (Deck Geometry) is [\<]{.underline} 3 then C = 4%

= 4 C = 2%

= 5 C = 1%

If #69 (Underclearances) is [\<]{.underline} 3 then D = 4%

= 4 D = 2%

= 5 D = 1%

If #71 (Waterway Adequacy) is [\<]{.underline} 3 then E = 4%

= 4 E = 2%

= 5 E = 1%

If #72 (Approach Road Alignment) is [\<]{.underline} 3 then F = 4%

= 4 F = 2%

= 5 F = 1%

J = (A + B + C + D + E + F)

J shall not be less than 0% nor greater than 13%.

b\. Width of Roadway Insufficiency (15% maximum)

Use the sections that apply:

\(1\) applies to all bridges;

\(2\) applies to 1-lane bridges only;

\(3\) applies to 2 or more lane bridges;

\(4\) applies to all [except]{.underline} 1-lane bridges.

Also determine X and Y:

X (ADT/Lane) = [Item 29 (ADT)]{.underline}

first 2 digits of #28 (Lanes)

Y (Width/Lane)\* = [Item 51 (Bridge Rdwy. Width)]{.underline}

first 2 digits of #28 (Lanes)

\*A value of 10.9 Meters will be substituted when item 51 is coded 0000
or not numeric.

B-5

\(1\) Use when the last 2 digits of #43 (Structure Type) are

not equal to 19 (Culvert):

If(#51 + 0.6 meters) \< #32 (Approach Roadway Width) G = 5%

\(2\) For 1-lane bridges only, use Figure 3 or the following:

If the first 2 digits of #28 (Lanes) are equal to 01 and

Y \< 4.3 then H = 15%

$\text{15}\left\lbrack \frac{5\text{.}5 - Y}{1\text{.}2} \right\rbrack\text{\%}$

Y [\>]{.underline} 4.3 \< 5.5 H =

Y [\>]{.underline} 5.5 H = 0%

\(3\) For 2 or more lane bridges. If these limits apply,

do not continue on to (4) as no lane width reductions

are allowed.

If the first 2 digits of #28 = 02 and Y [\>]{.underline} 4.9, H = 0%

If the first 2 digits of #28 = 03 and Y [\>]{.underline} 4.6, H = 0%

If the first 2 digits of #28 = 04 and Y [\>]{.underline} 4.3, H = 0%

If the first 2 digits of #28 [\>]{.underline} 05 and Y [\>]{.underline}
3.7 H = 0%

\(4\) For all [except]{.underline} 1-lane bridges,use Figure 3 or the
following:

If Y \< 2.7 and X \> 50 then H = 15%

Y \< 2.7 and X [\<]{.underline} 50 H = 7.5%

Y [\>]{.underline} 2.7 and X [\<]{.underline} 50 H = 0%

If X \> 50 but [\<]{.underline} 125 and

Y \< 3.0 then H = 15%

Y [\>]{.underline} 3.0 \< 4.0 H = 15(4-Y)%

Y [\>]{.underline} 4.0 H = 0%

If X \> 125 but [\<]{.underline} 375 and

Y \< 3.4 then H = 15%

Y [\>]{.underline} 3.4 \< 4.3 H = 15(4.3-Y)%

Y [\>]{.underline} 4.3 H = 0%

B-6

**Figure 3. Width of Roadway Insufficiency**

![](media/image26.png){width="6.157638888888889in"
height="8.247916666666667in"}

B-7

If X \> 375 but [\<]{.underline} 1350 and

Y \< 3.7 then H = 15%

$\text{15}\left\lbrack \frac{4\text{.}9 - Y}{1\text{.}2} \right\rbrack\text{\%}$

Y [\>]{.underline} 3.7 \< 4.9 H =

Y [\>]{.underline} 4.9 H = 0%

If X \> 1350 and

Y \< 4.6 then H = 15%

$\text{15}\left\lbrack \frac{4\text{.}9 - Y}{1\text{.}2} \right\rbrack\text{\%}$

Y [\>]{.underline} 4.6 \< 4.9 H =

Y [\>]{.underline} 4.9 H = 0%

G + H shall not be less than 0% nor greater than 15%.

c\. Vertical Clearance Insufficiency - (2% maximum)

If #100 (STRAHNET Highway Designation) \> 0 and

#53 (VC over Deck) [\>]{.underline} 4.87 then I = 0%

#53 \< 4.87 I = 2%

If #100 = O and

#53 [\>]{.underline} 4.26 then I = 0%

#53 \< 4.26 I = 2%

**S~2~ = 30 - \[ J + (G + H) + I** \]

S~2~ shall not be less than 0% nor greater than 30%.

3\. Essentiality for Public Use (15% maximum)

a\. Determine:

S~1~ + S~2~

K = ^\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_^

85

B-8

b.  Calculate:

> $\text{15}\left\lbrack \frac{\text{29}(\text{ADT})x\text{19}(\text{DetourLength}}{\text{320},\text{000}\text{xK}} \middle| \right\rbrack$
>
> A =

\"A\" shall not be less than 0% nor greater than 15%.

c\. STRAHNET Highway Designation:

If #100 is \> 0 then B = 2%

If #100 = 0 then B = 0%

**S~3~ = 15 - (A + B)**

S~3~ shall not be less than 0% nor greater than 15%.

4\. Special Reductions (Use only when S~1~ + S~2~ + S~3~
[\>]{.underline} 50)

a\. Detour Length Reduction, use Figure 4 or the following:

A = (#19)^4^ x (7.9 x 10^-9^)

\"A\" shall not be less than 0% nor greater than 5%.

b\. If the 2nd and 3rd digits of #43 (Structure Type, Main)

are equal to 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, or 17; then

B = 5%

c\. If 2 digits of #36 (Traffic Safety Features) = 0 C = 1%

If 3 digits of #36 = 0 C = 2%

If 4 digits of #36 = 0 C = 3%

**S~4~ = A + B + C**

S~4~ shall not be less than 0% nor greater than 13%.

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

**Sufficiency Rating = S~1~ + S~2~ + S~3~ - S~4~**

The Rating shall not be less than 0% nor greater than 100%.

B-9

[Figure 4. Special Reduction for Detour Length]{.underline}

![](media/image27.png){width="6.175in" height="8.25in"}

B-10

**EXAMPLE**

**Calculation of Sufficiency Rating**

1\. Structural Adequacy and Safety

A = 10%

B = \[32.4 - (19.8 metric tons)\]^1.5^ x 0.3254 = 14.6

**S~1~ = 55 - (10 + 14.6) = 30.4**

2\. Serviceability and Functional Obsolescence

A = 3%, B = 1%, C = 4%, D = NA, E = NA, F = NA

J = (3 + 1 + 4) = 8%

X = [18500]{.underline} = 9250 Y = [7.9 m]{.underline} = 3.95

2 2

\(1\) If (7.9 + 0.6) \< 12.2 then G = 5

\(2\) Not Applicable

\(3\) Not Applicable

\(4\) If X = 9250 and Y = 3.95 then H = 15

G + H = 5 + 15 = 20 (however, maximum allowable = 15)

I = 0

**S~2~ = 30 - \[ 8 + (15) + 0 \] = 7.0**

3\. Essentiality For Public Use

K = [30.4 + 7.0]{.underline} = 0.44

85

$\text{15}\left\lbrack \frac{\text{18},\text{500}x\text{12}\text{.}8\text{Km}}{\text{320},\text{000}x0\text{.}\text{44}} \right\rbrack = \text{25}\text{.}2(\text{however}\text{,max}\text{.}\text{allowable} = \text{15})$

A =

B = 0

**S~3~ = 15 - (15 + 0) = 0**

B-11

4\. Special Reductions

S~1~ + S~2~ + S~3~ = (30.4 + 7.0 + 0.0) = 37.4 \< 50

**S~4~ = NA**

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

**SUFFICIENCY RATING = 30.4 + 7.0 + 0.0 = 37.4**

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

B-12

![](media/image28.png){width="6.508333333333334in"
height="8.995833333333334in"}B-13

APPENDIX C

**National Bridge Inspection Standards**

Section 650.311 - The January 1979 Coding Guide has been superseded by a
December 1988 Guide, which is superseded by this metric version of the
Coding Guide.

**Appendix C**

**National Bridge Inspection Standards**

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS

23 HIGHWAYS - PART 650

Subpart C - National Bridge Inspection Standards

\'650.301 Application of standards.

The National Bridge Inspection Standards in this part apply to all
structures defined as bridges located on all public roads. In accordance
with the AASHT0 (American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials) Transportation Glossary, a \"bridge\" is
defined as a structure including supports erected over a depression or
an obstruction, such as water, highway, or railway, and having a track
or passageway for carrying traffic or other moving loads, and having an
opening measured along the center of the roadway of more than 20 feet
between undercopings of abutments or spring lines of arches, or extreme
ends of openings for multiple boxes; it may also include multiple pipes,
where the clear distance between openings is less than half of the
smaller contiguous opening.

\'650.303 Inspection procedures.

\(a\) Each highway department shall include a bridge inspection
organization capable of performing inspections, preparing reports, and
determining ratings in accordance with the provisions of the AASHTO
Manual^1^ and the Standards contained herein.

\(b\) Bridge inspectors shall meet the minimum qualifications stated in
\'650.307.

\(c\) Each structure required to be inspected under the Standards shall
be rated as to its safe load carrying capacity in accordance with

Section 4 of the AASHTO Manual. If it is determined under this rating
procedure that the maximum legal load under State law exceeds the load
permitted under the Operating Rating, the bridge must be posted in
conformity with the AASHTO

Manual or in accordance with State law.

\(d\) Inspection records and bridge inventories shall be prepared and
maintained in accordance with the Standards.

\(e\) The individual in charge of the organizational unit that has been
delegated the responsibilities for bridge inspection, reporting and
inventory shall determine and designate on the individual inspection and
inventory records and maintain a master list of the following:

\(1\) Those bridges which contain fracture critical members, the
location and description of such members on the bridge and the
inspection frequency and procedures for inspection of such members.
(Fracture critical members are tension members of a bridge whose failure
will probably cause a portion of or the entire bridge to collapse.)

\(2\) Those bridges with underwater members which cannot be visually
evaluated during periods of low flow or examined by feel for condition,
integrity and safe load capacity due to excessive water depth or
turbidity. These members shall be described, the inspection frequency
stated not to exceed five years, and the inspection procedure specified.

C-1

\(3\) Those bridges which contain unique or special features requiring
additional attention during inspection to ensure the safety of such
bridges and the inspection frequency and procedure for inspection of
each such feature.

\(4\) The date of last inspection of the features designated in
paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(3) of this section and a description of
the findings and follow-up actions, if necessary, resulting from the
most recent inspection of fracture critical details, underwater members
or special features of each so designated bridge.

\'650.305 Frequency of inspections.

\(a\) Each bridge is to be inspected at regular intervals not to exceed
2 years in accordance with Sect. 2.3 of the AASHTO Manual.

**^1^ The \"AASHTO Manual\" referred to in this part is the \'Manual for
Maintenance Inspection of Bridges 1983\" together with subsequent
interim changes or the most recent version of the AASHTO manual
published by the American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials. A copy of the Manual may be examined during
normal business hours at the office of each Division Administrator of
the Federal Highway Administration, at the office of each Regional
Federal Highway Administrator, and at the Washington Headquarters of the
Federal Highway Administration. The addresses of those document
inspection facilities are set forth in Appendix D to Part 7 of the
regulations of the Office of the Secretary (40 CFR Part 7). In addition,
a copy of the Manual may be secured upon payment in advance by writing
to the American Association of State**

**Highway and Transportation Officials, 444 N. Capitol Street, N.W.,
Suite 225,**

**Washington, D.C. 20001.**

\(b\) Certain types or groups of bridges will require inspection at less
than 2-year intervals. The depth and frequency to which bridges are to
be inspected will depend on such factors as age, traffic
characteristics, state of maintenance, and known deficiencies. The
evaluation of these factors will be the responsibility of the individual
in charge of the inspection program.

\(c\) The maximum inspection interval may be increased for certain types
or groups of bridges where past inspection reports and favorable
experience and analysis justifies the increased interval of inspection.
If a State proposes to inspect some bridges at greater than the
specified 2-year interval, the State shall submit a detailed proposal
and supporting data to the Federal Highway Administrator for approval.

\'650.307 Qualifications of

personnel.

\(a\) The individual in charge of the organizational unit that has been
delegated the responsibilities for bridge inspection, reporting, and
inventory shall possess the following minimum qualifications:

\(1\) Be a registered professional engineer; or

\(2\) Be qualified for registration as a professional engineer under the
laws of the State; or

\(3\) Have a minimum of 10 years experience in bridge inspection
assignments in a responsible capacity and have completed a comprehensive
training course based on the, \"Bridge Inspector\'s Training
Manual\"^2^, which has been developed by a joint Federal-State task
force, and subsequent additions to the manual.^3^

\(b\) An individual in charge of a bridge inspection team shall possess
the following minimum qualifications:

\(1\) Have the qualifications specified in paragraph (a) of this
section; or

\(2\) Have a minimum of 5 years experience in bridge inspection
assignments in a responsible capacity and have completed a comprehensive
training course based on the \"Bridge Inspector\'s Training Manual\",
which has been developed by a joint Federal-State task force.

\(3\) Current certification as a Level III or IV Bridge Safety Inspector
under the National Society of Professional Engineer\'s program for
National Certification in Engineering Technologies (NICET)^4^ is an
alternative acceptable means for establishing that a bridge inspection
team leader is qualified.

\'650.309 Inspection report.

The findings and results of bridge inspections shall be recorded on
standard forms. The data required to complete the forms and the
functions which must be performed to compile the data are contained in
Section 3 of the AASHT0 Manual

**^2^The \"Bridge Inspector\'s Training Manual\" may be purchased from
the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C. 20402.**

**^3^The following publications are supplements to the \"Bridge
Inspector\'s Training Manual\": \"Bridge Inspector\'s Manual for Movable
Bridges,\" 1977, GPO Stock No. 050‑00200103‑5; \"Culvert Inspector\'s
Training Manual,\" July 1986, GPO Stock No. 050‑001‑0030‑7; and
\"Inspection of Fracture Critical Bridge Members,\" 1986, GPO Stock No.
050‑00100302-3.**

C‑2

\'650.311 Inventory.

\(a\) Each State shall prepare and maintain an inventory of all bridge
structures subject to the Standards. Under these Standards, certain
structure inventory and appraisal data must be collected and retained
within the various departments of the State organization for collection
by the Federal Highway Administration as needed. A tabulation of this
data is contained in the structure inventory and appraisal sheet
distributed by the Federal Highway Administration as part of the
Recording and Coding Guide for the Structure Inventory and Appraisal of
the Nation\'s Bridges (Coding Guide) in January of 1979. Reporting
procedures have been developed by the Federal Highway Administration.

\(b\) Newly completed structures, modification of existing structures
which would alter previously recorded data on the inventory forms or
placement of load restriction signs on the approaches to or at the
structure itself shall be entered in the State\'s inspection reports and
the computer inventory file as promptly as practical, but no later than
90 days after the change in the status of the structure for bridges
directly under the State\'s jurisdiction and no later than 180 days
after the change in status of the structure for all other bridges on
public roads within the State.

**^4^For information on NICET program certification contact: National
Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies**

**1420 King Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314. Attention:**

**John D. Antrim, P.E., Phone**

**(703) 684‑2835.**

Effective date October 25. 1988.

APPENDIX D

**Commentary**

The 22 page commentary contained in the 1988 Coding Guide has not been
included in this document. The following pages of commentary, however,
show item by item changes caused by this revision.

**Appendix D**

**December 1994 Commentary**

This commentary provides a ready reference for item by item changes
between the 1988 Coding Guide and this proposed revision. Items not
specifically mentioned here are essentially unchanged except for SI
metric conversion.

**[Introduction]{.underline}**

-   Mentions new items and their use.

-   References to Defense Bridges removed and STRAHNET added.

-   Federal agencies specifically included in this Guide.

-   Minor editorial changes and reference revisions have been made to
    bring the text up to date.

**[Definition of Terms]{.underline}**

-   The order of the definitions has changed and the following added or
    modified:

(a) Bridge length has been converted to metric.

    The length of 20 feet has been changed to 6.1 meters.

\(b\) Culvert.

(i) Strategic Highway Corridor Network (STRAHNET). Replaces Defense

> Items, which were dropped.

(j) STRAHNET Connectors.

\(k\) Indian Reservation Road definition has been added.

\(l\) Land Management Highway System (LMHS)

\(m\) Forest Highway (FH)

\(n\) Forest Service Development Road.

\(o\) Base Highway Network.

\(p\) Highway Performance Monitoring System.

\(q\) Conversion of Numerical Data

\(r\) Rounding and Truncating of Numerical Data.

[Item 2 - Highway Agency District]{.underline}

-   Name of item changed to reflect inclusion of federal bridges.

[Item 5A - Record Type]{.underline}

-   Clarification has been made for the case of 2 or more routes passing
    under a structure.

-   Items 30, and 109 have been added to the list of items required to
    be coded for \"under\" records.

D-1

[Item 6 - Features Intersected]{.underline}

-   Item coding requirements have been clarified for \"under\" records.

-   References to defense highway and FHPM 6-10-2 have been eliminated.

-   Critical facilities are now STRAHNET and STRAHNET Connectors.

[Item 7 - Facility Carried by Structure]{.underline}

-   Item coding requirements have been clarified for \"under\" records.

-   Temporary use of this item for coding IRR has been changed to Item
    105.

[Item 8 - Structure Number]{.underline}

-   Closed median has been described.

-   Additional emphasis has been given to the need to have all 15 digits
    filled.

[Item 10 - Inventory Route, Minimum Vertical Clearance]{.underline}

-   Units of measurement have been converted to metric, using a 3-meter
    width of pavement.

-   Vertical restrictions 30 meters or greater may now be coded 9999,
    with exact actual clearances in this range optional.

[Item 11 - Kilometer Point]{.underline}

-   Units of measurement and the description of the item have been
    converted to metric.

-   Seven digits will be coded instead of six.

[Item 12 - Base Highway Network]{.underline}

-   New item added for use in identifying Linear Referencing System
    (LRS).

[Item 13 - LRS Inventory Route, Subroute Number]{.underline}

-   New item added for identifying LRS.

[Item 16 - Latitude]{.underline} and [Item 17 - Longitude]{.underline}

-   Number of digits have been expanded to 8 and 9 digits, respectively.

-   The format of the item allows an increased precision of measurement
    (not mandatory) to accommodate the use of the Global Positioning
    System (GPS). Current measuring methods and level of precision may
    continue to be used.

References to defense highways changed to STRAHNET.

D-2

-   Location where measurement is taken must be compatible with the LRS.

[Item 19 - Bypass, Detour Length]{.underline}

-   Number of digits has been expanded to three to accommodate metric.

[Item 20 - Toll]{.underline}

-   Reference to Secretarial Agreement updated.

[Item 21 - Maintenance Responsibility]{.underline} and [Item 22 -
Owner]{.underline}

-   Several federal agencies have been added.

[Item 26 - Functional Classification of Inventory Route]{.underline}

-   This item is no longer compatible with Item 104 and appropriate
    revisions have been made.

[Item 28 - Lanes On and Under the Structure]{.underline}

-   Text clarified for \"under\" records.

-   Text has been added advising that any \"1-lane\" bridge 4.9 meters
    or greater in curb-to curb width is evaluated as 2 lanes or more in
    Item 68 -Deck Geometry.

[Item 29 - Average Daily Traffic]{.underline}

-   Text has been added explaining that if the bridge is closed, the
    coding is to be the actual ADT from the period before the closure
    occurred.

[Item 30 - Year of Average Daily Traffic]{.underline}

-   Field expanded to four digits to allow coding of complete year.

[Item 31 - Design Load]{.underline}

-   Codes have been converted from the H and HS loadings to metric M and
    MS loadings.

[Item 32 - Approach Roadway Width]{.underline}

-   A hard conversion of the units of measure has been used to match the
    metric standards of AASHTO.

[Item 36 - Traffic Safety Features]{.underline}

-   Add and update reference publications.

-   Segment A has been updated to include the latest FHWA policy on
    crash testing and other recommended barrier specifications.

-   Note on national set of standards updated.

D-3

[Item 38 - Navigation Control]{.underline}

Term bridge permit clarified.

[Item 41 - Structure Open, Posted or Closed to Traffic]{.underline}

Code B has been clarified concerning signs not correctly implemented. An
example of \"not correctly implemented\" is existing posting signs not
changed to indicate a lower load posting calculated for more recent
inspection conditions.

Code P expanded to include temporary bridges which are load posted.

[Item 43 - Structure Type, Main]{.underline}

Segment A codes 5 and 6 have been noted to include post-tensioned
concrete.

Segment B code 07 has been noted that frame culverts are excluded.

Code 19 has been noted that frame culverts are included.

[Item 47 - Inventory Route, Total Horizontal Clearance]{.underline}

FHPM reference has been eliminated.

In addition to the metric changes and editorial clarifications, the
definition for clearance has been modified.

[Item 48 - Length of Maximum Span]{.underline}

The units of measurement have been converted to metric and the number of
digits expanded to 5 digits to accommodate the metric values.

Center to center measurements specified to be center of bearing points.

[Item 49 - Structure Length]{.underline}

In addition to the metric changes, an explanation has been added
concerning the measuring and coding of tunnels.

[Item 50 - Curb or Sidewalk Widths]{.underline}

Example figure modified to accentuate the mountable median.

[Item 51 - Bridge Roadway Width, Curb-to-Curb]{.underline}

In addition to the metric changes, a reference has been added for the
case of sidehill viaducts. A sidehill viaduct has a portion of its width
on embankment and a portion on structure. The problem arises in
calculating Item 68, the sufficiency rating and the deck area of the
bridge. Commentary Figure 1 illustrates the coding of sidehill viaducts.

D-4

**Commentary Figure 1**

FIGURE ILLUSTRATING CODING

OF SIDEHILL VIADUCTS

![](media/image29.png){width="5.9625in" height="4.4875in"}

Associated Items:

Item 28A - Lanes On Structure

Item 29 - ADT = Total for entire structure

Item 32 - Approach Roadway Width

Item 102 - Direction of Traffic = 2 for 2-way

D-5

[Item 53 - Minimum Vertical Clearance Over Bridge Roadway]{.underline}

-   Units of measurement have been converted to metric.

-   Clarification has been added for recording the minimum vertical
    clearance for double decked structures.

-   Restrictions of 30 meters or greater or no superstructure
    restriction are now both to be coded 9999. However coding of actual
    clearances between 30 and 99.99 meters to an exact measurement is
    optional.

[Item 54 - Minimum Vertical Underclearance]{.underline}

-   In addition to metric changes, instructions have been given to code
    restrictions of 30 meters or greater as code 9999. However coding of
    actual clearances between 30 and 99.99 meters to an exact
    measurement is optional.

[Item 55 - Minimum Lateral Underclearance on Right]{.underline}

-   In addition to metric changes, instructions have been given for the
    coding of restrictions 30 meters or greater. The numeric value in
    segment B is to be coded 999 for restrictions of 30 meters or
    greater. However coding of actual clearances between 30 and 99.9
    meters to an exact measurement is optional.

-   If the feature beneath the structure is not a railroad or highway,
    the code 000 in the numeric value for segment B is to indicate that
    the item is not applicable. This replaces the previous code of 999
    to indicate that the item is not applicable.

[Item 56 - Minimum Lateral Underclearance on Left.]{.underline}

-   Care should be used in coding bridges with \"open\" medians, they
    should be coded 999. Those with clearances greater than 30 meters
    may be coded 998. However coding of actual clearances between 30 and
    99.8 meters to an exact measurement is optional. When indicating
    that the item is not applicable code 000.

[Item 58 - Deck]{.underline}

-   Clarification has been added for \"structures without decks\".

[Item 61 - Channel and Channel Protection]{.underline}

-   The word channel is now consistently used in this item.

[Item 63 - Method Used to Determine Operating Rating.]{.underline}

-   New item added for use with Operating Rating.

D-6

[Item 64 - Operating Rating]{.underline}

-   The entire item has been redefined using the MS rating system
    instead of the previous HS vehicle ratings. Instructions have been
    given to code a 3 digit number representing the total weight in
    metric tons of the entire vehicle (maximum load).

-   A description has been added indicating that the load factor (LF)
    method is to be used for determining operating ratings and inventory
    ratings.

-   A change has been made to advise that with the coding for metric
    tonnage, the codes 200 or 900 are not appropriate for temporary
    bridges. Code 000 is to be used.

-   Instructions have been given to use code 999 for a structure under a
    fill where live load is insignificant in the structure load
    capacity.

[Item 65 - Method Used to Determine Inventory Rating]{.underline}

-   New item added for use with Inventory Rating.

[Item 66 - Inventory Rating]{.underline}

-   See commentary for Item 64 - Operating Rating.

[Items 67, 68, 69, 71, and 72 - Indicate the Appraisal
Ratings]{.underline}

-   Information has been provided advising that the Edit/Update computer
    calculates the codes for Items 67, 68 and 69, based on the Coding
    Guide tables for these items. Values entered by bridge owners or
    inspectors are not used.

-   Because the level of service concept is no longer being considered,
    all reference to level of service has been eliminated.

[Item 67 - Structural Evaluation]{.underline}

-   This item is calculated by the Edit/Update program and need not be
    coded in the field. The reference to how the item was to be coded by
    bridge inspectors has been eliminated. Editorial changes have also
    been made to indicate the specifications on which the Edit/Update
    program is based.

-   The load rating vehicle conversion factors have been eliminated as
    only MS (previously HS) ratings are to be coded into the inventory
    rating item.

-   Table 1 has been converted to metric values for the MS inventory
    ratings. Note that the inventory ratings have been shown in total
    metric tons with the decimal point included instead of assumed. The
    MS equivalent values have been included in the table.

D-7

[Item 68 - Deck Geometry]{.underline}

-   This item is calculated by the Edit/Update program and need not be
    coded in the field. Editorial changes have also been made to
    indicate the specifications on which the Edit/Update program is
    based.

-   A statement has been added to advise that culverts coded 0000 for
    roadway width will be given the coding of N for this item.

-   All tables have been converted to metric units of measurement. Where
    appropriate, a hard conversion has been used to match the metric
    standards of AASHTO.

-   A note has been added to advise that one-lane bridges 4.90 meters
    and greater in deck width are evaluated as a 2-lane bridge using
    Table 2A.

[Item 69 - Underclearances, Vertical Horizontal]{.underline}

-   This item is calculated by the Edit/Update program and need not be
    coded in the field. Editorial changes have also been made to
    indicate the specifications on which the Edit/Update program is
    based.

-   All tables have been converted to metric units of measurement. Where
    appropriate, a hard conversion has been used to match the metric
    standards of AASHTO.

[Item 75 - Type of Work]{.underline}

-   Segment A code \"38\" has been expanded to include hydraulic
    replacements.

-   In addition to metric changes, editorial additions have been made,
    such as that this item may be left blank if not required.

[Item 76 - Length of Structure Improvement]{.underline}

-   Formulae for graphs have been added.

[Item 92 - Critical Feature Inspection]{.underline}

-   Text has been added to give the current guidelines on maximum
    allowable inspection intervals.

[Item 94 - Bridge Improvement Cost.]{.underline}

-   The examples showing average cost per unit of area have been changed
    to reflect in metric units. The value used is for example only.

[Item 97 - Year of Improvement Cost Estimate]{.underline}

!Field expanded to four digits to allow coding of complete year.

D-8

[Item 99 - Border Bridge Structure Number]{.underline}

-   Text has been added to clarify the coding.

[Item 101 - Parallel Structure Designation]{.underline}

-   Clarification of distance between structures coding.

[Item 102 - Direction of Traffic]{.underline}

-   Text has been added to clarify the coding.

[Item 104 - Highway System of the Inventory Route]{.underline}

-   With the passage of the 1991 ISTEA, the previous designation of
    highway systems has been eliminated. This item has been changed to
    identify structures that are on inventory routes that are on the
    National Highway System.

[Item 105 - Federal Lands Highways]{.underline}

-   New item used to indicate special federal lands highways.

[Item 108 - Wearing Surface/Protective System]{.underline}

-   Wearing surface type code 3 or latex concrete has been modified to
    include \"similar\" types of additive enhanced concrete, i.e. silica
    fume.

-   A note has been added to the code 0 description of Segment A to make
    it clear that code 0 is to be used if no additional concrete
    thickness or thickness of a wearing surface is included in the
    bridge deck.

[Item 110 - Designated National Network]{.underline}

-   Consistent with the changes caused by the 1991 ISTEA, the reference
    to the Primary System has been changed to Federal-aid highways.

[Item 112 - NBIS Bridge Length]{.underline}

-   Bridge length has been defined in metric terms to be structures
    greater than 6.1 meters.

    D-9

[Item 113 - Scour Critical Bridges]{.underline}

-   Two new codes have been added. These are for bridges over \"tidal\"
    waters and bridges with unknown foundations.

-   Text has been added to update guidance and instructions on the scour
    critical coding of bridges over waterways to be in line with an
    October 6, 1993 memorandum on the coding of this item. The subject
    of the memorandum is \"NBIS Clarification of Recording and Coding
    Guide - Item 113.\" The memorandum advises that structures such as
    culverts which have a low risk of scour damage and accordingly
    assessed as stable, are exempt from a scour analysis. Culverts which
    are assessed as low risk may be coded 8, and this includes open
    bottom culverts on competent rock or piles. Open bottom culverts
    with footings on soil should be coded 6 until they have been
    analyzed. The memorandum further states that in considering if a
    bridge is eligible for a code 8, the State shall have completed an
    analysis of a similar bridge with comparable conditions. It is
    recommended that the memorandum be reviewed for more detail.

[Item 115 - Year of Future Average Daily Traffic]{.underline}

-   Field expanded to four digits to allow coding of complete year.

-   Editorial change made to clarify the coding instructions.

    D-10

APPENDIX E

**National Bridge Inventory Record Layout**

Appendix E

**National Bridge Inventory Record Format**

With the conversion to metric and the addition of new items it is
required to expand the size of the NBI record to 432 characters. The
following format will be use to submit data to the FHWA.

ITEM ITEM ITEM

[NO]{.underline} [ITEM NAME]{.underline} [POSITION]{.underline}
[LENGTH/TYPE]{.underline}

1 State Code 1 - 3 3/N

8 Structure Number 4 - 18 15/AN

5 Inventory Route 19 - 27 9/AN

5A Record Type 19 1/AN

5B Route Signing Prefix 20 1/N

5C Designated Level of Service 21 1/N

5D Route Number 22 - 26 5/AN

5E Directional Suffix 27 1/N

2 Highway Agency District 28 - 29 2/AN

3 County (Parish) Code 30 - 32 3/N

4 Place Code 33 - 37 5/N

6 Features Intersected 38 - 62 25/AN

6A Features Intersected 38 - 61 24/AN

6B Critical Facility Indicator 62 1/AN

7 Facility Carried By Structure 63 - 80 18/AN

9 Location 81 - 105 25/AN

10 Inventory Rte, Min Vert Clearance 106 - 109 4/N

11 Kilometerpoint 110 - 116 7/N

12 Base Highway Network 117 1/N

13 Inventory Route, Subroute Number 118 - 129 12/AN

13A LRS Inventory Route 118 - 127 10/AN

13B Subroute Number 128 - 129 2/N

16 Latitude 130 - 137 8/N

17 Longitude 138 - 146 9/N

19 Bypass/Detour Length 147 - 149 3/N

20 Toll 150 1/N

21 Maintenance Responsibility 151 - 152 2/N

22 Owner 153 - 154 2/N

26 Functional Class Of Inventory Rte.155 - 156 2/N

27 Year Built 157 - 160 4/N

28 Lanes On/Under Structure 161 - 164 4/N

28A Lanes On Structure 161 - 162 2/N

28B Lanes Under Structure 163 - 164 2/N

29 Average Daily Traffic 165 - 170 6/N

30 Year Of Average Daily Traffic 171 - 174 4/N

31 Design Load 175 1/N

32 Approach Roadway Width 176 - 179 4/N

33 Bridge Median 180 1/N

34 Skew 181 - 182 2/N

35 Structure Flared 183 1/N

E-1

ITEM ITEM ITEM

[NO]{.underline} [ITEM NAME]{.underline} [POSITION]{.underline}
[LENGTH/TYPE]{.underline}

36 Traffic Safety Features 184 - 187 4/AN

36A Bridge Railings 184 1/AN

36B Transitions 185 1/AN

36C Approach Guardrail 186 1/AN

36D Approach Guardrail Ends 187 1/AN

37 Historical significance 188 1/N

38 Navigation Control 189 1/AN

39 Navigation Vertical Clearance 190 - 193 4/N

40 Navigation Horizontal Clearance 194 - 198 5/N

41 Structure Open/Posted/Closed 199 1/AN

42 Type Of Service 200 - 201 2/N

42A Type of Service On Bridge 200 1/N

42B Type of Service Under Bridge 201 1/N

43 Structure Type, Main 202 - 204 3/N

43A Kind of Material/Design 202 1/N

43B Type of Design/Construction 203 - 204 2/N

44 Structure Type, Approach Spans 205 - 207 3/N

44A Kind of Material/Design 205 1/N

44B Type of Design/Construction 206 - 207 2/N

45 Number Of Spans In Main Unit 208 - 210 3/N

46 Number Of Approach Spans 211 - 214 4/N

47 Inventory Rte Total Horz Clearance215 - 217 3/N

48 Length Of Maximum Span 218 - 222 5/N

49 Structure Length 223 - 228 6/N

50 Curb/Sidewalk Widths 229 - 234 6/N

50A Left Curb/Sidewalk Width 229 - 231 3/N

50B Right Curb/Sidewalk Width 232 - 234 3/N

51 Bridge Roadway Width Curb-To-Curb 235 - 238 4/N

52 Deck Width, Out-To-Out 239 - 242 4/N

53 Min Vert Clear Over Bridge Roadway243 - 246 4/N

54 Minimum Vertical Underclearance 247 - 251 5/AN

54A Reference Feature 247 1/AN

54B Minimum Vertical Underclearance 248 - 251 4/N

55 Min Lateral Underclear On Right 252 - 255 4/AN

55A Reference Feature 252 1/AN

55B Minimum Lateral Underclearance 253 - 255 3/N

56 Min Lateral Underclear On Left 256 - 258 3/N

58 Deck 259 1/AN

59 Superstructure 260 1/AN

60 Substructure 261 1/AN

61 Channel/Channel Protection 262 1/AN

62 Culverts 263 1/AN

E-2

ITEM ITEM ITEM

[NO]{.underline} [ITEM NAME]{.underline} [POSITION]{.underline}
[LENGTH/TYPE]{.underline}

63 Method Used To Determine Operating

Rating 264 1/N

64 Operating Rating 265 - 267 3/N

65 Method Used To Determine Inventory

Rating 268 1/N

66 Inventory Rating 269 - 271 3/N

67 Structural Evaluation 272 1/AN

68 Deck Geometry 273 1/AN

69 Underclear, Vertical & Horizontal 274 1/AN

70 Bridge Posting 275 1/N

71 Waterway Adequacy 276 1/AN

72 Approach Roadway Alignment 277 1/AN

75 Type of Work 278 - 280 3/N

75A Type of Work Proposed 278 - 279 2/N

75B Work Done By 280 1/AN

76 Length Of Structure Improvement 281 - 286 6/N

90 Inspection Date 287 - 290 4/N

91 Designated Inspection Frequency 291 - 292 2/N

92 Critical Feature Inspection 293 - 301 9/AN

92A Fracture Critical Details 293 - 295 3/AN

92B Underwater Inspection 296 - 298 3/AN

92C Other Special Inspection 299 - 301 3/AN

93 Critical Feature Inspection Dates 302 - 313 12/AN

93A Fracture Critical Details Date 302 - 305 4/AN

93B Underwater Inspection Date 306 - 309 4/AN

93C Other Special Inspection Date 310 - 313 4/AN

94 Bridge Improvement Cost 314 - 319 6/N

95 Roadway Improvement Cost 320 - 325 6/N

96 Total Project Cost 326 - 331 6/N

97 Year Of Improvement Cost Estimate 332 - 335 4/N

98 Border Bridge 336 - 340 5/AN

98A Neighboring State Code 336 - 338 3/AN

98B Percent Responsibility 339 - 340 2/N

99 Border Bridge Structure Number 341 - 355 15/AN

100 STRAHNET Highway Designation 356 1/N

101 Parallel Structure Designation 357 1/AN

102 Direction Of Traffic 358 1/N

103 Temporary Structure Designation 359 1/AN

104 Highway System Of Inventory Route 360 1/N

105 Federal Lands Highways 361 1/N

106 Year Reconstructed 362 - 365 4/N

107 Deck Structure Type 366 1/AN

108 Wearing Surface/Protective System 367 - 369 3/AN

108A Type of Wearing Surface 367 1/AN

108B Type of Membrane 368 1/AN

108C Deck Protection 369 1/AN

E-3

ITEM ITEM ITEM

[NO]{.underline} [ITEM NAME]{.underline} [POSITION]{.underline}
[LENGTH/TYPE]{.underline}

109 AVERAGE DAILY TRUCK TRAFFIC 370 - 371 2/N

110 DESIGNATED NATIONAL NETWORK 372 1/N

111 PIER/ABUTMENT PROTECTION 373 1/N

112 NBIS BRIDGE LENGTH 374 1/AN

113 SCOUR CRITICAL BRIDGES 375 1/AN

114 FUTURE AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC 376 - 381 6/N

115 YEAR OF FUTURE AVG DAILY TRAFFIC 382 - 385 4/N

116 MINIMUM NAVIGATION VERTICAL 386 - 389 4/N

CLEARANCE VERTICAL LIFT BRIDGE

\-\-- Washington Headquarters Use 392 - 426

STATUS 427

n/a Asterisk Field in SR 428 1/AN

SR SUFFICIENCY RATING 429 - 432 4/N

(select from last 4 positions only)

Status field: 1=Structurally Deficient; 2=Functionally Obsolete; 0=Not
Deficient; N=Not Applicable

E-4