# PUBLIC PROPOSAL FORM ![](media/image1.png){width="1.1319444444444444in" height="1.4430555555555555in"}

## FOR PUBLIC PROPOSALS ON THE INTERNATIONAL CODES 

## 2003/2004 CODE DEVELOPMENT CYCLE

***PLEASE SEE REVERSE FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON SUBMITTING PUBLIC PROPOSALS.
PROPOSALS MUST COMPLY WITH THESE INSTRUCTIONS.***

> **CLOSING DATE: [All Proposals Must Be Received by March 24,
> 2003]{.underline}.**

1)  **Indicate the format in which you would like to receive your Public
    Proposals Monograph (PPM), Report of the Hearing (ROH) and Final
    Action Agenda (FAA):**

  ------- -- --------- --- ---- -- --------- -- --- -- -----------------------------
  **x**      Paper                 \* CD               \*Download from ICC Website

  ------- -- --------- --- ---- -- --------- -- --- -- -----------------------------

(\*Note: A paper copy will not be sent to you if you have chosen the CD
or Download format.)

**2) PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT CLEARLY: FORMS WILL BE RETURNED if they
contain unreadable information.**

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Name:                                  Ronald Majette                                                      Date:   March 24,
                                                                                                                     2003
  ----------------------- -------------- -------------- ------------ -------- -------- ------ -------------- ------- -------------
  Jurisdiction/Company:                                 U.S.                                                         
                                                        Department                                                   
                                                        of Energy                                                    

  Submitted on Behalf of:                               U.S.                                                         
                                                        Department                                                   
                                                        of Energy                                                    

  Address:                               1000                                                                        
                                         Independence                                                                
                                         Avenue, EE-2J,                                                              
                                         1J-018                                                                      

  City:                   Washington                                 State:   DC       Zip    20585                  
                                                                                       +4:                           

  Phone:                  202-586-7935                               Ext:              Fax:   202-486-4617           
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------
  e-mail:   Ronald.Majette@hq.doe.gov
  --------- ----------------------------------------------------------------

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------

**3) \*Signature:**

\*I hereby grant the International Code Council the nonexclusive,
royalty-free rights, including nonexclusive, royalty-free rights in
copyright in this Proposal and I understand that I acquire no rights in
any publication of International Code Council (ICC), in which this
Proposal in this or another similar analogous form is used. I hereby
attest that I have the authority and I am empowered to grant this
copyright release.

**4)** **Cost Impact:**

**5)** Indicate appropriate International Code(s) associated with this
Public Proposal -- [Please use Acronym]{.underline}:

(See back of this form or the instructions for list of names and
acronyms for the International Codes):

  -------- -------------- ------------- -- ------------- ----------------- -- ------- -- ----------- -- ---------- -- -- -- ------------ -------------
  **6)**   **Revision     ** x**           **Section**   ** 1,2,3,4,5,6, &    ** **      **Table**      ** **               **Figure**   ** **
           to:**                                         app.**                                                                          

                                                                                                                                         

  **7)**   **PROPOSAL**   **Please                                                                                                       
                          check                                                                                                          
                          appropriate                                                                                                    
                          box:**                                                                                                         
  -------- -------------- ------------- -- ------------- ----------------- -- ------- -- ----------- -- ---------- -- -- -- ------------ -------------

  -- -- ------------ -- -- -- ------------- -- ------- -- ----------------- -- -- -- --------------------
        **Revise as           **Add new        **X**      **Delete and               **Delete without
        follows:**            text as                     substitute as              Substitution(s):**
                              follows**                   follows:**                 

  -- -- ------------ -- -- -- ------------- -- ------- -- ----------------- -- -- -- --------------------

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  **Show the proposed NEW, REVISED or DELETED TEXT in legislative format:
  ~~Line through text to be deleted.~~ [Underline text to be
  added.]{.underline}**

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

# IECC delete Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 and substitute as follows. Delete first Appendix.

# 

# CHAPTER 1

# ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT

**SECTION 101**

**SCOPE AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS**

**101.1 Title.** This code shall be known as the *International Energy
Conservation Code* of \[NAME OF JURISDICTION\], and shall be cited as
such. It is referred to herein as "this code".

**101.2 Scope.** This code applies to residential and commercial
buildings.

> **Exception:** Existing buildings undergoing repair, alteration, or
> additions, and change of occupancy shall be permitted to comply with
> the *International Existing Building Code*.

**101.3 Intent.** This code shall regulate the design and construction
of buildings for the effective use of energy. This code is intended to
provide flexibility to permit the use of innovative approaches and
techniques to achieve the effective use of energy. This code is not
intended to abridge safety, health or environmental requirements
contained in other applicable codes or ordinances.

**101.4 Applicability.**

> **101.4.1 Existing buildings.** Except as specified in this chapter,
> this code shall not be used to require the removal, alteration or
> abandonment of, nor prevent the continued use and maintenance of, an
> existing building or building system lawfully in existence at the time
> of adoption of this code.
>
> **101.4.2 Historic buildings.** Buildings, or portions thereof,
> specifically classified as historic buildings by the state or local
> jurisdiction, listed in *The National Register of Historic Places*, or
> determined eligible for such listing by a designated authority are
> exempt from this code.
>
> **101.4.3 Additions, alterations, renovations or repairs.** Additions,
> alterations, renovations or repairs to an existing building, building
> system or portion thereof shall conform to the provisions of this code
> as they relate to new construction without requiring the unaltered
> portion(s) of the existing building or building system to comply with
> this code. Additions, alterations, renovations, or repairs shall not
> create an unsafe or hazardous condition or overload existing building
> systems.
>
> **Exceptions:** The following need not comply provided the energy use
> of the building is not increased.
>
> 1\. Storm windows installed over existing fenestration.
>
> 2\. Glass only replacements in an existing sash and frame.
>
> 3\. Existing ceiling, wall or floor cavities exposed during
> construction provided that these cavities are filled with insulation.
>
> 4\. Construction where the existing roof, wall or floor cavity is not
> exposed.
>
> **101.4.4 Change in occupancy.** Buildings undergoing a change in
> occupancy that would result in an increase in demand for either fossil
> fuel or electrical energy shall comply with this code.
>
> **101.4.5 Mixed occupancy.** Where a building includes both
> residential and commercial occupancies, each occupancy shall be
> separately considered and meet the applicable provisions of Chapter 4
> for residential and Chapter 5 for commercial.

**101.5 Compliance.** Residential buildings shall meet the provisions of
Chapter 4. Commercial buildings shall meet the provisions of Chapter 5.

> **101.5.1 Compliance materials.** The code official shall be permitted
> to approve specific computer software, worksheets, compliance manuals
> and other similar materials that meet the intent of this code.
>
> **101.5.2 Low energy buildings.** The following buildings, or portions
> thereof, separated from the remainder of the building by building
> thermal envelope assemblies complying with this code shall be exempt
> from the building thermal envelope provisions of this code.
>
> 1\. Those with a peak design rate of energy usage less than 3.4
> Btu/h·ft^2^ (10.7 W/m^2^) or 1.0 watt/ft^2^ (10.7 W/m^2^) of floor
> area for space conditioning purposes.
>
> 2\. Those that do not contain conditioned space.

**SECTION 102**

**MATERIALS, SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT**

**102.1 Identification.** Materials, systems and equipment shall be
identified in a manner that will allow a determination of compliance
with the applicable provisions of this code.

> **102.1.1 Building thermal envelope insulation.** An R-value
> identification mark shall be applied by the manufacturer to each piece
> of building thermal envelope insulation 12 inches (305 mm) or greater
> in width. Alternately, the insulation installers shall provide a
> certification listing the type, manufacturer and R-value of insulation
> installed in each element of the building thermal envelope. For blown
> or sprayed insulation, the initial installed thickness, settled
> thickness, settled R-value, installed density, coverage area and
> number of bags installed shall be listed on the certification. The
> insulation installer shall sign, date and post the certification in a
> conspicuous location on the job site.
>
> **102.1.1.1 Blown or sprayed roof/ceiling insulation.** The thickness
> of blown in or sprayed roof/ceiling insulation shall be written in
> inches on markers that are installed at least one for every 300 ft^2^
> (28 m^2^) throughout the attic space. The markers shall be affixed to
> the trusses or joists and marked with the minimum initial installed
> thickness with numbers a minimum of 1 inch (25 mm) in height. Each
> marker shall face the attic access opening.
>
> **102.1.2 Insulation mark installation.** Insulating materials shall
> be installed such that the manufacturer's R-value mark is readily
> observable upon inspection.

**Table 102.1.3.**

**Default Glazed Fenestration U-Factors**

+--------------------+----------+------------+----------+------------+
| **Frame Type**     | **Single | **Double   | **Sk     |            |
|                    | Pane**   | Pane**     | ylight** |            |
+--------------------+----------+------------+----------+------------+
|                    |          |            | **       | **Double** |
|                    |          |            | Single** |            |
+--------------------+----------+------------+----------+------------+
| Metal              | 1.20     | 0.80       | 1.60     | 1.05       |
+--------------------+----------+------------+----------+------------+
| Non-Metal          | 0.95     | 0.55       | 1.25     | 0.80       |
|                    |          |            |          |            |
| or metal clad      |          |            |          |            |
+--------------------+----------+------------+----------+------------+
| Glazed Block       | 0.60     |            |          |            |
+--------------------+----------+------------+----------+------------+

> **102.1.3 Fenestration product rating.** U-factors of fenestration
> products (windows, doors and skylights) shall be determined in
> accordance with NFRC 100 by an accredited, independent laboratory, and
> labeled and certified by the manufacturer. Products lacking such a
> labeled U-factor shall be assigned a default U*-*factor from Table
> 102.1.3. The solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of glazed fenestration
> products (windows, glazed doors and skylights) shall be determined in
> accordance with NFRC 200 by an accredited, independent laboratory, and
> labeled and certified by the manufacturer. Products lacking such a
> labeled SHGC shall be assigned a default SHGC of 0.75 for single pane
> and 0.65 for double pane and glazed block.

**102.2 Installation.** All materials, systems and equipment shall be
installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation
instructions and the conditions of any listing or required
certifications.

> **102.2.1 Protection of exposed foundation insulation.** Insulation
> applied to the exterior of foundation walls and the perimeter of
> slab-on-grade floors shall have a rigid, opaque and weather-resistant
> protective covering to prevent the degradation of the insulation's
> thermal performance. The protective covering shall cover the exposed
> exterior insulation and extend a minimum of 6 inches (153 mm) below
> grade.

**102.3 Maintenance information.** Maintenance instructions shall be
furnished for equipment and systems that require preventive maintenance.
Required regular maintenance actions shall be clearly stated and
incorporated on a readily accessible label. The label shall include the
title or publication number for the operation and maintenance manual for
that particular model and type of product.

**102.4 Equipment labeling.** Heating, cooling and service water heating
equipment with equipment efficiency regulated as an AFUE, HSPF, SEER or
EF shall have the efficiency specified on a permanent factory-applied
nameplate.

> **Exception:** Equipment assembled in the field.

**SECTION 103**

**ALTERNATE MATERIALS---METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION, DESIGN OR INSULATING
SYSTEMS**

**103.1 General.** This code is not intended to prevent the use of any
material, method of construction, design or insulating system not
specifically prescribed herein, provided that such construction, design
or insulating system has been approved by the code official as meeting
the intent of this code.

> **103.1.1 Above code programs.** The code official or other authority
> having jurisdiction shall be permitted to deem a national, state or
> local energy efficiency program to exceed the energy efficiency
> required by this code. Buildings approved in writing by such an energy
> efficiency program shall be considered in compliance with this code.

**SECTION 104**

**CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS**

**104.1 General.** Construction documents and other supporting data
shall be submitted in one or more sets with each application for a
permit. The code official is authorized to require necessary
construction documents to be prepared by a registered design
professional.

> **Exception:** The code official is authorized to waive the
> requirements for construction documents or other supporting data if
> the code official determines they are not necessary to confirm
> compliance with this code.

**104.2 Information on construction documents.** Construction documents
shall be drawn to scale upon suitable material. Electronic media
documents are permitted to be submitted when approved by the code
official. Construction documents shall be of sufficient clarity to
indicate the location, nature and extent of the work proposed, and show
in sufficient detail pertinent data and features of the building,
systems and equipment as herein governed. Details shall include, but are
not limited to, insulation materials and their R-values; fenestration
U-factors and SHGCs; system and equipment efficiencies, types, sizes and
controls; duct sealing, insulation and location; and air sealing
details.

**SECTION 105**

**INSPECTIONS**

**105.1 General.** Construction or work for which a permit is required
shall be inspected by the code official.

**105.2 Required approvals.** No work shall be done on any part of the
building beyond the point indicated in each successive inspection
without first obtaining the written approval of the code official. No
construction shall be concealed without being inspected and approved.

**105.3 Final inspection.** The building shall have a final inspection
and not be occupied until approved.

**105.4 Reinspection.** A building shall be reinspected when determined
necessary by the code official.

**SECTION 106**

**VALIDITY**

**106.1 General.** If a portion of this code is held to be illegal or
void, such a decision shall not affect the validity of the remainder of
this code.

**SECTION 107**

**REFERENCED STANDARDS**

**107.1 General.** The standards, and portions thereof, referred to in
this code and listed in Chapter 6 shall be considered part of the
requirements of this code to the extent of such reference.

**107.2 Conflicting requirements.** Where the provisions of this code
and the referenced standards conflict, the provisions of this code shall
take precedence.

# CHAPTER 2

# DEFINITIONS

**SECTION 201**

**GENERAL**

**201.1 Scope.** Unless stated otherwise, the following words and terms
in this code shall have the meanings indicated in this chapter.

**201.2 Interchangeability.** Words used in the present tense include
the future; words in the masculine gender include the feminine and
neuter; the singular number includes the plural and the plural includes
the singular.

**201.3 Terms defined in other codes.** Terms that are not defined in
this code but are defined in the *International Building Cod*e, ICC
*Electrical Cod*e, *International Fire Cod*e, *International Fuel Gas
Cod*e, *International Mechanical Code,* *International Plumbing Cod*e or
the *International Residential Code* shall have the meanings ascribed to
them in those codes.

**201.4 Terms not defined.** Terms not defined by this chapter shall
have ordinarily accepted meanings such as the context implies.

**SECTION 202**

**GENERAL DEFINITIONS**

**ABOVE GRADE WALL.** A wall more than 50% above grade and enclosing
conditioned space. This includes between-floor spandrels, peripheral
edges of floors, roof and basement knee walls, dormer walls, gable end
walls, walls enclosing a mansard roof, and skylight shafts.

**ACCESSIBLE.** Admitting close approach due to not being guarded by
locked doors, elevation or other effective means (see "Readily
accessible").

**ADDITION.** An extension or increase in the conditioned space floor
area or height of a building or structure.

**ALTERATION.** Any construction or renovation to an existing structure
other than repair or addition that requires a permit. Also, a change in
a mechanical system that involves an extension, addition or change to
the arrangement, type or purpose of the original installation that
requires a permit.

**APPROVED.** Acceptable to the code official. **AUTOMATIC.**
Self-acting, operating by its own mechanism when actuated by some
impersonal influence, as, for example, a change in current strength,
pressure, temperature or mechanical configuration (see "Manual").

**BASEMENT WALL.** A wall 50% or more below grade and enclosing
conditioned space.

**BUILDING.** Any structure used or intended for supporting or
sheltering any use or occupancy.

**BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE.** The basement walls, exterior walls,
floor, roof, and any other building element that enclose conditioned
space. This boundary also includes the boundary between conditioned
space and any exempt or unconditioned space.

**CODE OFFICIAL.** The officer or other designated authority charged
with the administration and enforcement of this code, or a duly
authorized representative.

**COMMERCIAL BUILDING.** For this code, all buildings that are not
included in the definition of Residential Buildings.

**CONDITIONED FLOOR AREA.** The horizontal projection of the floors
associated with the conditioned space.

**CONDITIONED SPACE.** An area or room within a building being heated or
cooled, containing uninsulated ducts, or with a fixed opening directly
into an adjacent conditioned space.

**CRAWLSPACE WALL.** The opaque portion of a wall that encloses a crawl
space and is partially or totally below grade.

**DUCT.** A tube or conduit utilized for conveying air. The air passages
of self-contained systems are not to be construed as air ducts.

**DUCT SYSTEM.** A continuous passageway for the transmission of air
that, in addition to ducts, includes duct fittings, dampers, plenums,
fans and accessory air-handling equipment and appliances. **DWELLING
UNIT.** A single unit providing complete independent living facilities
for one or more persons, including permanent provisions for living,
sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation.

**ECONOMIZER, AIR.** A duct and damper arrangement and automatic control
system that allows a cooling system to supply outside air to reduce or
eliminate the need for mechanical cooling during mild or cold weather.

**ECONOMIZER, WATER.** A system where the supply air of a cooling system
is cooled indirectly with water that is itself cooled by heat or mass
transfer to the environment without the use of mechanical cooling.

**ENERGY ANALYSIS.** A method for estimating the annual energy use of
the proposed design and standard reference design based on estimates of
energy use.

**ENERGY COST.** The total estimated annual cost for purchased energy
for the building functions regulated by this code, including applicable
demand charges.

**ENERGY SIMULATION TOOL.** An approved software program or
calculation-based methodology that projects the annual energy use of a
building.

**EXTERIOR WALL.** Walls including both above grade walls and basement
walls.

**FENESTRATION.** Skylights, roof windows, vertical windows (fixed or
moveable), opaque doors, glazed doors, glazed block, and combination
opaque/glazed doors. Fenestration includes products with glass and
non-glass glazing materials.

**HEAT TRAP.** An arrangement of piping and fittings, such as elbows, or
a commercially available heat trap that prevents thermosyphoning of hot
water during standby periods.

**HEATED SLAB.** Slab-on-grade construction in which the heating
elements, hydronic tubing, or hot air distribution system is in contact
with, or placed within or under the slab.

**HUMIDISTAT.** A regulatory device, actuated by changes in humidity,
used for automatic control of relative humidity.

**INFILTRATION.** The uncontrolled inward air leakage into a building
caused by the pressure effects of wind or the effect of differences in
the indoor and outdoor air density or both.

**INSULATING SHEATHING.** An insulating board with a core material
having a minimum R-value of R-2.

**LABELED.** Devices, equipment, or materials to which have been affixed
a label, seal, symbol or other identifying mark of a nationally
recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency or other organization
concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of
the production of the above-labeled items that attests to compliance
with a specific standard.

**LISTED.** Equipment, appliances, assemblies or materials included in a
list published by an approved testing laboratory, inspection agency or
other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains
periodic inspection of production of listed equipment, appliances,
assemblies or material, and whose listing states either that the
equipment, appliances, assemblies, or material meets nationally
recognized standards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a
specified manner.

**LOW-VOLTAGE LIGHTING.** Lighting equipment powered through a
transformer such as a cable conductor, a rail conductor and track
lighting.

**MANUAL.** Capable of being operated by personal intervention (see
"Automatic")

**PROPOSED DESIGN.** A description of the proposed building used to
estimate annual energy use for determining compliance based on total
building performance.

**READILY ACCESSIBLE.** Capable of being reached quickly for operation,
renewal or inspections, without requiring those to whom ready access is
requisite to climb over or remove obstacles or to resort to portable
ladders or access equipment (see "Accessible").

**REPAIR.** The reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing
building.

**RESIDENTIAL BUILDING**. For this code, includes R-3 buildings, as well
as R-2 and R-4 buildings three stories or less in height above grade.

**R-VALUE (THERMAL RESISTANCE).** The inverse of the time rate of heat
flow through a body from one of its bounding surfaces to the other
surface for a unit temperature difference between the two surfaces,
under steady state conditions, per unit area (h⋅ft^2^⋅°F/Btu)
\[(m^2^⋅K)/W\].

**ROOF ASSEMBLY.** A system designed to provide weather protection and
resistance to design loads. The system consists of a roof covering and
roof deck or a single component serving as both the roof covering and
the roof deck. A roof assembly includes the roof covering, underlayment,
roof deck, insulation, vapor retarder and interior finish.

**SCREW LAMP HOLDERS.** A lamp base that requires a screw-in-type lamp,
such as a compact -fluorescent, incandescent, or tungsten-halogen bulb.

**SERVICE WATER HEATING.** Supply of hot water for purposes other than
comfort heating.

**SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICENT.** The ratio of the solar heat gain through
a fenestration or glazing assembly to the incident solar radiation.

**STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN.** A version of the proposed design that
meets the minimum requirements of this code and is used to determine the
maximum annual energy use requirement for compliance based on total
building performance.

**SKYLIGHT.** Glazing that is more than 15 degrees (0.26 rad) from
vertical.

**SUNROOM.** A one-story structure attached to a dwelling, with a
glazing area in excess of 40 percent of the gross area of the
structure's exterior walls and roof.

**THERMAL ISOLATION.** Physical and space conditioning separation from
conditioned space(s). The conditioned space(s) shall be controlled as
separate zones for heating and cooling or conditioned by separate
equipment.

**THERMOSTAT.** An automatic control device used to maintain temperature
at a fixed or adjustable set point.

**U-FACTOR (THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE).** The coefficient of heat
transmission (air to air) through a building component or assembly,
equal to the time rate of heat flow per unit area and unit temperature
difference between the warm side and cold side air films
(Btu/h⋅ft^2^⋅°F) \[W/(m^2^⋅K)\].

**VAPOR RETARDER.** A vapor resistant material, membrane or covering
such as foil, plastic sheeting, or insulation facing having a permeance
rating of 1 perm or less, when tested in accordance with the dessicant
method using Procedure A of ASTME96. Vapor retarders limit the amount of
moisture vapor that passes through a material or wall assembly.

**VENTILATION.** The natural or mechanical process of supplying
conditioned or unconditioned air to, or removing such air from, any
space.

**VENTILATION AIR.** That portion of supply air that comes from outside
(outdoors) plus any recirculated air that has been treated to maintain
the desired quality of air within a designated space.

**ZONE.** A space or group of spaces within a building with heating or
cooling requirements that are sufficiently similar so that desired
conditions can be maintained throughout using a single controlling
device.

# CHAPTER 3

# CLIMATE ZONES

### SECTION 301

### CLIMATE ZONES

> **301.1 General.** Climate zones from Table 301.1 shall be used in
> determining the applicable requirements from Chapters 4 and 5.
> Locations not in Table 301.1 (outside the US) shall be assigned a
> climate zone based on Section 301.2.

![](media/image2.jpeg){width="7.267361111111111in" height="9.14375in"}

**Figure 301.1. Climate Zones**

**Table 301.1** CLIMATE ZONES BY STATE AND COUNTY

**Alabama**

[Zone 3 except]{.underline}

[Zone 2]{.underline}

Baldwin

Mobile

**Alaska**

[Zone 7 except]{.underline}

[Zone 8]{.underline}

Bethel

Dellingham

Fairbanks North Star

Nome

North Slope

Northwest Arctic

Southeast Fairbanks

Wade Hampton

Yukon-Koyukuk

**Arizona**

[Zone 3 except]{.underline}

[Zone 2]{.underline}

La Paz

Maricopa

Pima

Pinal

Yuma

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Gila

Yavapai

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Apache

Coconino

Navajo

**Arkansas**

[Zone 3 except]{.underline}

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Baxter

Benton

Boone

Carroll

Fulton

Izard

Madison

Marion

Newton

Searcy

Stone

Washington

**California**

[Zone 3 Dry except]{.underline}

[Zone 2]{.underline}

Imperial

[Zone 3 Marine]{.underline}

Alameda

Marin

Mendocino

Monterey

Napa

San Benito

San Francisco

San Luis Obispo

San Mateo

Santa Barbara

Santa Clara

Santa Cruz

Sonoma

Ventura

[Zone 4 Dry]{.underline}

Amador

Calaveras

El Dorado

Inyo

Lake

Mariposa

Trinity

Tuolumne

[Zone 4 Marine]{.underline}

Del Norte

Humboldt

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Lassen

Modoc

Nevada

Plumas

Sierra

Siskiyou

[Zone 6]{.underline}

Alpine

Mono

**Colorado**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Baca

Las Animas

Otero

[Zone 6]{.underline}

Alamosa

Archuleta

Chaffee

Conejos

Costilla

Custer

Dolores

Eagle

Moffat

Ouray

Rio Blanco

Saguache

San Miguel

[Zone 7]{.underline}

Clear

Creek

Grand

Gunnison

Hinsdale

Jackson

Lake

Mineral

Park

Pitkin

Rio Grande

Routt

San Juan

Summit

**Connecticut**

[Zone 5]{.underline}

**Delaware**

[Zone 4]{.underline}

**Dist Of Columbia**

[Zone 4]{.underline}

**Florida**

[Zone 2 except]{.underline}

[Zone 1]{.underline}

Broward

Dade

Monroe

**Georgia**

[Zone 3 except]{.underline}

[Zone 2]{.underline}

Appling

Atkinson

Bacon

Baker

Berrien

Brantley

Brooks

Bryan

Camden

Charlton

Chatham

Clinch

Colquitt

Cook

Decatur

Echols

Effingham

Evans

Glynn

Grady

Jeff Davis

Lanier

Liberty

Long

Lowndes

McIntosh

Miller

Mitchell

Pierce

Seminole

Tattnall

Thomas

Toombs

Ware

Wayne

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Banks

Catoosa

Chattooga

Dade

Dawson

Fannin

Floyd

Franklin

Gilmer

Gordon

Habersham

Hall

Lumpkin

Murray

Pickens

Rabun

Stephens

Towns

Union

Walker

White

Whitfield

**Hawaii**

[Zone 1]{.underline}

**Idaho**

[Zone 6 except]{.underline}

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Ada

Benewah

Canyon

Cassia

Clearwater

Elmore

Gem

Gooding

Idaho

Jerome

Kootenai

Latah

Lewis

Lincoln

Minidoka

Nez Perce

Owyhee

Payette

Power

Shoshone

Twin Falls

Washington

**Illinois**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Alexander

Bond

Christian

Clay

Clinton

Crawford

Edwards

Effingham

Fayette

Franklin

Gallatin

Hamilton

Hardin

Jackson

Jasper

Jefferson

Johnson

Lawrence

Macoupin

Madison

Marion

Massac

Monroe

Montgomery

Perry

Pope

Pulaski

Randolph

Richland

Saline

Shelby

St Clair

Union

Wabash

Washington

Wayne

White

Williamson

**Indiana**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Brown

Clark

Crawford

Daviess

Dearborn

Dubois

Floyd

Gibson

Greene

Harrison

Jackson

Jefferson

Jennings

Knox

Lawrence

Martin

Monroe

Ohio

Orange

Perry

Pike

Posey

Ripley

Scott

Spencer

Sullivan

Switzerland

Vanderburgh

Warrick

Washington

**Iowa**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 6]{.underline}

Allamakee

Black Hawk

Bremer

Buchanan

Buena Vista

Butler

Calhoun

Cerro Gordo

Cherokee

Chickasaw

Clay

Clayton

Delaware

Dickinson

Emmet

Fayette

Floyd

Franklin

Grundy

Hamilton

Hancock

Hardin

Howard

Humboldt

Ida

Kossuth

Lyon

Mitchell

O'Brien

Osceola

Palo Alto

Plymouth

Pocahontas

Sac

Sioux

Webster

Winnebago

Winneshiek

Worth

Wright

**Kansas**

[Zone 4 except]{.underline}

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Cheyenne

Cloud

Decatur

Ellis

Gove

Graham

Greeley

Hamilton

Jewell

Lane

Logan

Mitchell

Ness

Norton

Osborne

Phillips

Rawlins

Republic

Rooks

Scott

Sheridan

Sherman

Smith

Thomas

Trego

Wallace

Wichita

**Kentucky**

[Zone 4]{.underline}

**Louisiana**

[Zone 2 except]{.underline}

[Zone 3]{.underline}

Bienville

Bossier

Caddo

Caldwell

Catahoula

Claiborne

Concordia

De Soto

East Carroll

Franklin

Grant

Jackson

La Salle

Lincoln

Madison

Morehouse Natchitoches

Ouachita

Red River

Richland

Sabine

Tensas

Union

Vernon

Webster

West Carroll

Winn

**Maine**

[Zone 6 except]{.underline}

[Zone 7]{.underline}

Aroostook

**Maryland**

[Zone 4 except]{.underline}

[Zone 5]{.underline} Garrett

**Massachusetts**

[Zone 5]{.underline}

**Michigan**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 6]{.underline}

Alcona

Alger

Alpena

Antrim

Arenac

Benzie

Charlevoix

Cheboygan

Clare

Crawford

Delta

Dickinson

Emmet

Gladwin

Grand Traverse

Huron

Iosco

Isabella

Kalkaska

Lake

Leelanau

Manistee

Marquette

Mason

Mecosta

Menominee

Missaukee

Montmorency

Newaygo

Oceana

Ogemaw

Oscoda

Otsego

Presque Isle

Roscommon

Sanilac

Wexford

[Zone 7]{.underline}

Baraga

Chippewa

Gogebic

Houghton

Iron

Keweenaw

Luce

Mackinac

Ontonagon

Schoolcraft

**Minnesota**

[Zone 6 except]{.underline}

[Zone 7]{.underline}

Aitkin

Becker

Beltrami

Carlton

Cass

Clay

Clearwater

Cook

Crow Wing

Grant

Hubbard

Itasca

Kanabec

Kittson

Koochiching

Lake Of The Woods Mahnomen

Marshall

Mille Lacs

Norman

Otter Tail

Pennington

Pine

Polk

Red Lake

Roseau

St Louis

Wadena

Wilkin

**Mississippi**

[Zone 3 except]{.underline}

[Zone 2]{.underline}

Hancock

Harrison

Jackson

Pearl River

Stone

**Missouri**

[Zone 4 except]{.underline}

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Adair

Andrew

Atchison

Buchanan

Caldwell

Chariton

Clark

Clinton

Daviess

De Kalb

Gentry

Grundy

Harrison

Holt

Knox

Lewis

Linn

Livingston

Macon

Marion

Mercer

Nodaway

Pike

Putnam

Ralls

Schuyler

Scotland

Shelby

Sullivan

Worth

**Montana**

[Zone 6]{.underline}

**Nebraska**

[Zone 5]{.underline}

**Nevada**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 3]{.underline}

Clark

**New Hampshire**

[Zone 6 except]{.underline}

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Cheshire

Hillsborough

Rockingham

Strafford

**New Jersey**

[Zone 4 except]{.underline}

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Bergen

Hunterdon

Mercer

Morris

Passaic

Somerset

Sussex

Warren

**New Mexico**

[Zone 4 except]{.underline}

[Zone 3]{.underline}

Chaves

Dona Ana

Eddy

Hidalgo

Lea

Luna

Otero

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Catron

Cibola

Colfax

Harding

Los Alamos

McKinley

Mora

Rio Arriba

San Juan

San Miguel

Sandoval

Santa Fe

Taos

Torrance

**New York**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Bronx

Kings

Nassau

New York

Queens

Richmond

Suffolk

Westchester

[Zone 6]{.underline}

Allegany

Broome

Cattaraugus

Chenango

Clinton

Delaware

Essex

Franklin

Fulton

Hamilton

Herkimer

Jefferson

Lewis

Madison

Montgomery

Oneida

Otsego

Schoharie

Schuyler

St Lawrence

Steuben

Sullivan

Tompkins

Ulster

Warren

Wyoming

**North Carolina**

[Zone 3 except]{.underline}

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Alamance

Alexander

Bertie

Buncombe

Burke

Caldwell

Caswell

Catawba

Chatham

Cherokee

Clay

Cleveland

Davie

Durham

Forsyth

Franklin

Gates

Graham

Granville

Guilford

Halifax

Harnett

Haywood

Henderson

Hertford

Iredell

Jackson

Lee

Lincoln

Macon

Madison

McDowell

Nash

Northampton

Orange

Person

Polk

Rockingham

Rutherford

Stokes

Surry

Swain

Transylvania

Vance

Wake

Warren

Wilkes

Yadkin

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Alleghany

Ashe

Avery

Mitchell

Watauga

Yancey

**North Dakota**

[Zone 7 except]{.underline}

[Zone 6]{.underline}

Adams

Billings

Bowman

Burleigh

Dickey

Dunn

Emmons

Golden Valley

Grant

Hettinger

La Moure

Logan

McIntosh

McKenzie

Mercer

Morton

Oliver

Ransom

Richland

Sargent

Sioux

Slope

Stark

**Ohio**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Adams

Brown

Clermont

Gallia

Hamilton

Lawrence

Pike

Scioto

Washington

**Oklahoma**

[Zone 3 Moist except]{.underline}

[Zone 4 Dry]{.underline}

Beaver

Cimarron

Texas

**Oregon**

[Zone 4 Marine except]{.underline}

[Zone 5 Dry]{.underline}

Baker

Crook

Deschutes

Gilliam

Grant

Harney

Hood River

Jefferson

Klamath

Lake

Malheur

Morrow

Sherman

Umatilla

Union

Wallowa

Wasco

Wheeler

**Pennsylvania**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Bucks

Chester

Delaware

Montgomery

Philadelphia

York

[Zone 6]{.underline}

Cameron

Clearfield

Elk

McKean

Potter

Susquehanna

Tioga

Wayne

**Rhode Island**

[Zone 5]{.underline}

**South Carolina**

[Zone 3]{.underline}

**South Dakota**

[Zone 6 except]{.underline}

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Bennett

Bon Homme

Charles Mix

Clay

Douglas

Gregory

Hutchinson

Jackson

Mellette

Todd

Tripp

Union

Yankton

**Tennessee**

[Zone 4 except]{.underline}

[Zone 3]{.underline}

Chester

Crockett

Dyer

Fayette

Hardeman

Hardin

Haywood

Henderson

Lake

Lauderdale

Madison

McNairy

Shelby

Tipton

**Texas**

[Zone 2 Moist except]{.underline}

[Zone 2 Dry]{.underline}

Bandera

Dimmit

Edwards

Kinney

La Salle

Maverick

Medina

Real

Uvalde

Val Verde

Webb

Zapata

Zavala

[Zone 3 Dry]{.underline}

Andrews

Baylor

Borden

Brewster

Callahan

Childress

Coke

Coleman

Collingsworth

Concho

Cottle

Crane

Crockett

Crosby

Culberson

Dawson

Dickens

Ector

El Paso

Fisher

Foard

Gaines

Garza

Glasscock

Hall

Hardeman

Haskell

Hemphill

Howard

Hudspeth

Irion

Jeff Davis

Jones

Kent

Kerr

Kimble

King

Knox

Loving

Lubbock

Lynn

Martin

Mason

Mcculloch

Menard

Midland

Mitchell

Motley

Nolan

Pecos

Presidio

Reagan

Reeves

Runnels

Schleicher

Scurry

Shackelford

Sterling

Stonewall

Sutton

Taylor

Terrell

Terry

Throckmorton

Tom Green

Ward

Wheeler

Wilbarger

Winkler

[Zone 3 Moist]{.underline}

Archer

Blanco

Bowie

Brown

Burnet

Camp

Cass

Clay

Collin

Comanche

Cooke

Dallas

Delta

Denton

Eastland

Ellis

Erath

Fannin

Franklin

Gillespie

Grayson

Gregg

Hamilton

Harrison

Henderson

Hood

Hopkins

Hunt

Jack

Johnson

Kaufman

Kendall

Lamar

Lampasas

Llano

Montague

Stephens

Wichita

Wise

Young

Marion

Mills

Morris

Nacogdoches

Navarro

Palo

Pinto

Panola

Parker

Rains

Red

River

Rockwall

Rusk

Sabine

San Augustine

San Saba

Shelby

Smith

Somervell

Tarrant

Titus

Upshur

Van Zandt

Wood

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Armstrong

Bailey

Briscoe

Carson

Castro

Cochran

Dallam

Deaf Smith

Donley

Floyd

Gray

Hale

Hansford

Hartley

Hockley

Hutchinson

Lamb

Lipscomb

Moore

Ochiltree

Oldham

Parmer

Potter

Randall

Roberts

Sherman

Swisher

Yoakum

**Utah**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 3]{.underline}

Washington

[Zone 6]{.underline}

Box Elder

Cache

Carbon

Daggett

Duchesne

Morgan

Rich

Summit

Uintah

Wasatch

**Vermont**

[Zone 6]{.underline}

**Virginia**

[Zone 4]{.underline}

**Washington**

[Zone 4 Marine except]{.underline}

[Zone 5 Dry]{.underline}

Adams

Asotin

Benton

Chelan

Columbia

Douglas

Franklin

Garfield

Grant

Kittitas

Klickitat

Lincoln

San Juan

Skamania

Spokane

Walla Walla

Whitman

Yakima

[Zone 6 Dry]{.underline}

Ferry

Okanogan

Pend

Oreille

Stevens

**West Virginia**

[Zone 5 except]{.underline}

[Zone 4]{.underline}

Berkeley

Boone

Braxton

Cabell

Calhoun

Clay

Gilmer

Jackson

Jefferson

Kanawha

Lincoln

Logan

Mason

McDowell

Mercer

Mingo

Monroe

Morgan

Pleasants

Putnam

Ritchie

Roane

Tyler

Wayne

Wirt

Wood

Wyoming

**Wisconsin**

[Zone 6 except]{.underline}

[Zone 7]{.underline}

Ashland

Bayfield

Burnett

Douglas

Florence

Forest

Iron

Langlade

Lincoln

Oneida

Price

Sawyer

Taylor

Vilas

Washburn

**Wyoming**

[Zone 6 except]{.underline}

[Zone 5]{.underline}

Goshen

Platte

[Zone 7]{.underline}

Lincoln

Sublette

Teto

**Table 301.2 Warm Humid Counties.**

**Alabama**

Autauga

Baldwin

Barbour

Bullock

Butler

Choctaw

Clarke

Coffee

Conecuh

Covington

Crenshaw

Dale

Dallas

Elmore

Escambia

Geneva

Henry

Houston

Lowndes

Macon

Marengo

Mobile

Monroe

Montgomery

Perry

Pike

Russell

Washington

Wilcox

**Arkansas**

Columbia

Hempstead

Lafayette

Little River

Miller

Sevier

Union

**Florida**

[All]{.underline}

**Georgia**

[All in Zone 2]{.underline}

[Plus]{.underline}

Ben Hill

Bleckley

Bulloch

Calhoun

Candler

Chattahoochee

Clay

Coffee

Crisp

Dodge

Dooly

Dougherty

Early

Emanuel

Houston

Irwin

Jenkins

Johnson

Laurens

Lee

Macon

Marion

Montgomery

Peach

Pulaski

Quitman

Randolph

Schley

Screven

Stewart

Sumter

Taylor

Telfair

Terrell

Tift

Treutlen

Turner

Twiggs

Webster

Wheeler

Wilcox

Worth

**Louisiana**

[All in Zone 2]{.underline}

[Plus]{.underline}

Bienville

Bossier

Caddo

Caldwell

Catahoula

Claiborne

Concordia

De Soto

Franklin

Grant

Jackson

La Salle

Lincoln

Madison

Natchitoches

Ouachita

Red River

Richland

Sabine

Tensas

Union

Vernon

Webster

Winn

**Mississippi**

[All in Zone 2]{.underline}

[Plus]{.underline}

Adams

Amite

Claiborne

Copiah

Covington

Forrest

Franklin

George

Greene

Hinds

Jefferson

Jefferson Davis

Jones

Lamar

Lawrence

Lincoln

Marion

Perry

Pike

Rankin

Simpson

Smith

Walthall

Warren

Wayne

Wilkinson

**North Carolina**

Brunswick

Carteret

Columbus

New Hanover

Onslow

Pender

**South Carolina**

Allendale

Bamberg

Barnwell

Beaufort

Berkeley

Charleston

Colleton

Dorchester

Georgetown

Hampton

Horry

Jasper

**Texas**

[All in Zone 2]{.underline}

[Plus]{.underline}

Blanco

Bowie

Brown

Burnet

Camp

Cass

Collin

Comanche

Dallas

Delta

Denton

Ellis

Erath

Franklin

Gillespie

Gregg

Hamilton

Harrison

Henderson

Hood

Hopkins

Hunt

Johnson

Kaufman

Kendall

Lamar

Lampasas

Llano

Marion

Mills

Morris

Nacogdoches

Navarro

Palo

Pinto

Panola

Parker

Rains

Red

River

Rockwall

Rusk

Sabine

San Augustine

San Saba

Shelby

Smith

Somervell

Tarrant

Titus

Upshur

Van Zandt

Wood

**301.2 Warm humid counties.** Warm humid counties are listed in Table
301.2.

**301.3 International climate zones.** The climate zone for any location
outside the United States shall be determined by applying Table 301.2(1)
and then Table 301.3(2).

> **301.3.1 Warm humid criteria.** "Warm Humid" locations shall be
> defined as locations where either of the following conditions occur:

1)  67ºF (19.4ºC) or higher wet-bulb temperature for 3,000 or more hours
    during the warmest six consecutive months of the year;

2)  73ºF (22.8ºC) or higher wet-bulb temperature for 1,500 or more hours
    during the warmest six consecutive months of the year.

**Table 301.3(1)** International Climate Zone Definitions

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| **Major Climate Type Definitions**                                    |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Marine (C) Definition - Locations meeting all four criteria:          |
|                                                                       |
| 1.  mean temperature of coldest month between --3ºC (27ºF) and 18ºC   |
|     (65ºF)                                                            |
|                                                                       |
| 2.  warmest month mean \< 22ºC (72ºF)                                 |
|                                                                       |
| 3.  at least four months with mean temperatures over 10ºC (50ºF)      |
|                                                                       |
| 4.  dry season in summer. The month with the heaviest precipitation   |
|     in the cold season has at least three times as much precipitation |
|     as the month with the least precipitation in the rest of the      |
|     year. The cold season is October through March in the Northern    |
|     Hemisphere and April through September in the Southern            |
|     Hemisphere.                                                       |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Dry (B) Definition - Locations meeting the following criteria: Not    |
| Marine and                                                            |
|                                                                       |
| P~in~ \< 0.44 x (T~F~ -- 19.5) \[P~cm~ \< 2.0 × ( T~C~ + 7) in SI     |
| units\]                                                               |
|                                                                       |
| where:                                                                |
|                                                                       |
| P = annual precipitation in inches (cm)                               |
|                                                                       |
| T = annual mean temperature in ºF (ºC)                                |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Moist (A) Definition - Locations that are not Marine and not Dry.     |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+

**Table 301.3(2)** International Climate Zone Definitions

+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| *       | **Thermal Criteria**           |                          |
| *Zone** |                                |                          |
|         |                                |                          |
| **N     |                                |                          |
| umber** |                                |                          |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
|         | **IP Units**                   | **SI Units**             |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 1       | 9000 \< CDD50ºF                | 5000 \< CDD10ºC          |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 2       | 6300 \< CDD50ºF ≤ 9000         | 3500 \< CDD10ºC ≤ 5000   |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 3A and  | 4500 \< CDD50ºF ≤ 6300         | 2500 \< CDD10ºC ≤ 3500   |
| 3B      |                                |                          |
|         | AND HDD65ºF ≤ 5400             | AND HDD18ºC ≤ 3000       |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 4A and  | CDD50ºF ≤ 4500 AND             | CDD10ºC ≤ 2500 AND       |
| 4B      |                                |                          |
|         | HDD65ºF ≤ 5400                 | HDD18ºC ≤ 3000           |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 3C      | HDD65ºF ≤ 3600                 | HDD18ºC ≤ 2000           |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 4C      | 3600 \< HDD65ºF ≤ 5400         | 2000 \< HDD18ºC ≤ 3000   |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 5       | 5400 \< HDD65ºF ≤ 7200         | 3000 \< HDD18ºC ≤ 4000   |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 6       | 7200 \< HDD65ºF ≤ 9000         | 4000 \< HDD18ºC ≤ 5000   |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 7       | 9000 \< HDD65ºF ≤ 12600        | 5000 \< HDD18ºC ≤ 7000   |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
| 8       | 12600 \< HDD65ºF               | 7000 \< HDD18ºC          |
+---------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+

CHAPTER 4

# RESIDENTIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY

**SECTION 401**

**GENERAL**

**401.1 Scope.** This chapter applies to residential buildings.

**401.2 Compliance.** Compliance shall be demonstrated by meeting each
of the applicable provisions of this chapter.

**401.3 Certificate.** A permanent certificate shall be posted inside
the building on the electrical distribution panel. The certificate shall
be completed by the builder or registered design professional. The
certificate shall list the predominant R-values of insulation installed
in or on ceiling/roof, walls, foundation (slab, basement wall,
crawlspace wall and/or floor) and ducts outside conditioned spaces;
U-factors for fenestration; and, where requirements apply, the solar
heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of fenestration. Where there is more than
one value for each component, the certificate shall list the value
covering the largest area. The certificate shall list the type and
efficiency of heating, cooling and service water heating equipment.

**SECTION 402**

**BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE**

**402.1 Insulation and fenestration criteria.**

The building thermal envelope shall meet the requirements of Table 402.1
based on the climate zone specified in Chapter 3.

> **402.1.1 R-value computation.** Insulation material used in layers,
> such as framing cavity insulation and insulating sheathing, shall be
> summed to compute the component R-value. The manufacturer's settled
> R-value shall be used for blown insulation. Computed R-values shall
> not include an R-value for other building materials or air films.
>
> **402.1.2 U-factor alternative.** An assembly with a U-factor equal to
> or less than that specified in Table 402.1.2 shall be permitted as an
> alternative to the R-value in Table 402.1.
>
> **402.1.3 Total UA alternative.** If the total building thermal
> envelope UA (sum of U-factor times assembly area) is less than or
> equal to the total UA resulting from using the U-factors in Table
> 402.1.2, the building shall be considered in compliance with Table
> 402.1. The UA calculation shall be done using a method consistent with
> the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals and shall include the thermal
> bridging effects of framing materials. The SHGC requirements shall be
> met in addition to UA compliance.
>
> **402.1.4 Prescriptive trade offs.** The trade offs specified in Table
> 402.1.4 shall be permitted as an alternative to Table 402.1.

**402.2 Specific insulation requirements.**

> **402.2.1 Ceilings with attic spaces.** When Section 402.1 would
> require R-38 in the ceiling, R-30 shall be deemed to satisfy the
> requirement for R-38 wherever the full height of uncompressed R-30
> insulation extends over the wall top plate at the eaves. Similarly
> R-38 shall be deemed to satisfy the requirement for R-49 wherever the
> full height of uncompressed R-38 insulation extends over the wall top
> plate at the eaves.
>
> **402.2.2 Ceilings without attic spaces.** Where Section 402.1 would
> require insulation levels above R-30 and the design of the
> roof/ceiling assembly does not allow sufficient space for the required
> insulation, the minimum required insulation for such roof/ceiling
> assemblies shall be R-30.
>
> **402.2.3 Mass walls.** Mass walls for the purposes this Chapter shall
> be considered walls of concrete block, concrete, insulated concrete
> form (ICF), masonry cavity, brick (other than brick veneer), earth
> (adobe, compressed earth block, rammed earth), and solid timber/logs.
> The provisions of Section 402.1 for mass walls shall be applicable
> when at least 50% of the required insulation R-value is on the
> exterior of, or integral to, the wall. Walls that do not meet this
> criterion for insulation placement shall meet the wood frame wall
> insulation requirements of Section 402.1.
>
> **402.2.4 Steel-frame ceilings, walls and floors.** Steel-frame
> ceilings, walls and floors shall meet the insulation requirements of
> Table 402.2.4 or shall meet the wall U-factor requirements in Table
> 402.1.2. The calculation of the U-factor for a steel-frame wall shall
> use a series-parallel path calculation method.
>
> **402.2.5 Floors.** Floor insulation shall be installed to maintain
> permanent contact with the underside of the subfloor decking.
>
> **402.2.6 Basement walls.** Walls associated with conditioned
> basements shall be insulated from the top of the basement wall down to
> 10 feet below grade or to the basement floor, whichever is less. Walls
> associated with unconditioned basements shall meet this requirement
> unless the floor overhead is insulated in accordance with Sections
> 402.1 and 402.2.5.
>
> **402.2.7 Slab-on-grade floors.** Slab-on-grade floors with a floor
> surface less than 12 inches below grade shall be insulated in
> accordance with Table 402.1. The insulation shall extend downward from
> the top of the slab on the outside or inside of the foundation wall.
> Insulation located below grade shall be extended the distance provided
> in Table 402.1 by any combination of vertical insulation, insulation
> extending under the slab or insulation extending out from the
> building. Insulation extending away from the building shall be
> protected by pavement or by a minimum of 10 inches of soil. The top
> edge of the insulation installed between the exterior wall and the
> edge of the interior slab shall be permitted to be cut at a 45‑degree
> angle away from the exterior wall. Slab-edge insulation is not
> required in jurisdictions designated by the code official as having a
> very heavy termite infestation.
>
> **402.2.8 Crawl space walls.** As an alternative to insulating floors
> over crawl spaces, crawl space walls shall be permitted to be
> insulated when the crawl space is not vented to the outside. Crawl
> space wall insulation shall be permanently fastened to the wall and
> extend downward from the floor to the finished grade level and then
> vertically and/or horizontally for at least an additional 24 inches
> (610 mm). Exposed earth in unvented crawl space foundations shall be
> covered with a continuous vapor retarder. All joints of the vapor
> retarder shall overlap by 6 inches (153 mm) and be sealed or taped.
> The edges of the vapor retarder shall extend at least 6 inches (153
> mm) up the stem wall and shall be attached to the stem wall.
>
> **402.2.9 Masonry veneer.** Insulation shall not be required on the
> horizontal portion of the foundation that supports a masonry veneer.
>
> **402.2.10 Thermally isolated sunroom insulation.** The minimum
> ceiling insulation R-values shall be R-19 in zones 1 through 4 and
> R-24 in zones 5 though 8. The minimum wall R-value shall be R-13 in
> all zones. New wall(s) separating the sunroom from conditioned space
> shall meet the building thermal envelope requirements.

**402.3 Fenestration.**

> **402.3.1 U-factor.** An area-weighted average of fenestration
> products shall be permitted to satisfy the U-factor requirements.
>
> **402.3.2 Glazed fenestration SHGC.** An area-weighted average of
> fenestration products more than 50% glazed shall be permitted to
> satisfy the SHGC requirements.
>
> **402.3.3 Glazed fenestration exemption.** Up to 15 ft^2^ of glazed
> fenestration per dwelling unit shall be permitted to be exempt from
> U-factor and SHGC requirements in Section 402.1.
>
> **402.3.4 Opaque door exemption.** One opaque door assembly is
> exempted from the U-factor requirement in Section 402.1.
>
> **402.3.5 Thermally isolated sunroom U-factor.** For zones 4 through 8
> the maximum fenestration U-factor shall be 0.50 and the maximum
> skylight U-factor shall be 0.75. New windows and doors separating the
> sunroom from conditioned space shall meet the building thermal
> envelope requirements.
>
> **402.3.4 Replacement fenestration.** Where some or all of an existing
> fenestration unit is replaced with a new fenestration product,
> including frame, sash, and glazing, the replacement fenestration unit
> shall meet the applicable requirements for U-factor and SHGC in Table
> 402.1.
>
> **402.3.5 Impact resistant fenestration.** Jurisdictions in zones 1
> through 4 that require impact resistant fenestration that meets ASTM
> E-1886, ASTM E-1996, or other approved impact standard shall be exempt
> from the fenestration U-factor requirement. Fenestration so exempted
> shall be listed and labeled by the manufacturer as meeting the
> approved impact standard.

**402.4 Air leakage.**

> **402.4.1 Building thermal envelope.** The building thermal envelope
> shall be durably sealed to limit infiltration. The sealing methods
> between dissimilar materials shall allow for differential expansion
> and contraction. The following shall be caulked, gasketed,
> weatherstripped or otherwise sealed with an air barrier material,
> suitable film or solid material.

1.  All joints, seams and penetrations.

2.  Site-built windows, doors and skylights.

3.  Openings between window and door assemblies and their respective
    jambs and framing.

4.  Utility penetrations.

5.  Dropped ceilings or chases adjacent to the thermal envelope.

6.  Knee walls.

7.  Walls and ceilings separating the garage from conditioned spaces.

8.  Behind tubs and showers on exterior walls.

9.  Common walls between dwelling units.

> 10\. Other sources of infiltration.
>
> **402.4.2 Fenestration air leakage.** Windows, skylights and
> sliding-glass doors shall have an air infiltration rate of no more
> than 0.3 cfm/ft^2^, and swinging doors no more than 0.5 cfm/ft2, when
> tested according to NFRC 400, 101/I.S.2, or 101/I.S.2/NAFS by an
> accredited, independent laboratory, and listed and labeled by the
> manufacturer.
>
> **Exemptions:** Site-built windows, skylights and doors.
>
> **402.4.3 Recessed lighting.** Recessed lighting fixtures installed in
> the building thermal envelope shall be sealed to limit air leakage
> between conditioned and unconditioned spaces by being:

1.  IC-rated and labeled with enclosures that are sealed or gasketed to
    prevent air leakage to the ceiling cavity or unconditioned space; or

2.  IC-rated and labeled as meeting ASTM E 283 when tested at 1.57 psi
    (75 Pa) pressure differential with no more than 2.0 cfm (0.944 L/s)
    of air movement from the conditioned space to the ceiling cavity; or

3.  located inside an airtight sealed box with clearances of at least
    0.5 inches (12.7 mm) from combustible material and 3 inches (76mm)
    from insulation.

**402.5 Moisture control.** The building design shall not create
conditions of accelerated deterioration from moisture condensation.
Frame walls, floors and ceilings not ventilated to allow moisture to
escape shall be provided with an approved vapor retarder. The vapor
retarder shall be installed on the warm-in-winter side of the thermal
insulation.

> **Exceptions:**

1.  In construction where moisture or its freezing will not damage the
    materials.

2.  Frame walls, floors and ceilings in jurisdictions in Zones 1
    through 5. (Crawl space floor vapor retarders are not exempted.)

3.  Where other approved means to avoid condensation are provided.

> **402.5.1 Maximum fenestration U-factor.** The maximum fenestration
> U-factor permitted using trade offs from Section 402.1.3 or Section
> 404 in zones 6 through 8 shall be 0.55.

**SECTION 403**

**SYSTEMS**

**403.1 Controls.** At least one thermostat shall be provided for each
separate heating and cooling system.

**403.2 Ducts.**

> **403.2.1 Insulation.** Supply and return ducts shall be insulated to
> a minimum of R-8. Ducts in floor trusses shall be insulated to a
> minimum of R-6.
>
> **Exception:** Ducts or portions thereof located completely inside the
> building thermal envelope or within the building thermal envelope and
> separated from the exterior of the building thermal enveloped with at
> least R-8 insulation.
>
> **403.2.2 Sealing.** All ducts, air handlers, filter boxes, and
> building cavities used as ducts shall be sealed. Joints and seams
> shall comply with Section M1601.3.1 of the International Residential
> Code.
>
> **403.2.3 Building cavities.** Building framing cavities shall not be
> used as supply ducts.

**403.3 Mechanical system piping insulation.** Mechanical system piping
capable of carrying fluids above 105 ºF or below 55 ºF shall be
insulated to a minimum of R-2.

**403.4 Circulating hot water systems.** All circulating service hot
water piping shall be insulated to at least R-2. Circulating hot water
systems shall include an automatic or readily accessible manual switch
that can turn off the hot water circulating pump when the system is not
in use.

**403.5 Mechanical ventilation.** Outdoor air intakes and exhausts shall
have automatic or gravity dampers that close when the ventilation system
is not operating.

**403.6 Equipment sizing.** Heating and cooling equipment shall be sized
in accordance with Section M1401.3 of the International Residential
Code.

**SECTION 404**

# SIMULATED PERFORMANCE ALTERNATIVE

**404.1 Scope.** This section establishes criteria for compliance using
simulated energy performance analysis. Such analysis shall include
heating, cooling, and service water heating energy only.

**404.2 Mandatory requirements.** Compliance with this Section requires
that the criteria of Sections 401, 402.4, 402.5 and 403 be met.

**404.3 Performance based compliance.** Compliance based on simulated
energy performance requires that a proposed residence (proposed design)
be shown to have an annual energy cost that is less than or equal to the
annual energy cost of the standard reference design. Energy prices shall
be taken from a source approved by the code official, such as the
Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration's State Energy
Price and Expenditure Report. Code officials shall be permitted to
require time-of-use pricing in energy cost calculations.

> **Exception:** Jurisdictions that require site energy (1kWh = 3,413
> Btu) rather than energy cost as the metric of comparison.

**404.4 Documentation**

> **404.4.1 Compliance software tools.** Documentation verifying that
> the methods and accuracy of the compliance software tool conform to
> the provisions of this Section shall be provided to the code official.
>
> **404.4.2** **Compliance report**. Compliance software tools shall
> generate a report that documents that the proposed design has annual
> energy costs less than or equal to the annual energy costs of the
> standard reference design. The compliance documentation shall include
> the following information:

a.  Address of the residence;

b.  An inspection checklist documenting the building component
    characteristics of the proposed design as listed in Table
    404.5.2(1). The inspection checklist shall show the estimated annual
    energy cost for both the standard reference design and the proposed
    design;

c.  Name of individual completing the compliance report;

d.  Name and version of the compliance software tool.

> **404.4.3 Additional documentation.** The code official shall be
> permitted to require the following documents:

a)  Documentation of the building component characteristics of the
    standard reference design.

b)  A certification signed by the builder providing the building
    component characteristics of the proposed design as given in Table
    404.5.2(1).

**404.5 Calculation procedure.**

> **404.5.1 General.** Except as specified by this Section, the standard
> reference design and proposed design shall be configured and analyzed
> using identical methods and techniques.

**404.5.2 Residence specifications.** The standard reference design and
proposed design shall be configured and analyzed as specified by Table
404.5.2(1). Table 404.5.2(1) shall include by reference all notes
contained in Table 402.1.

**404.6 Calculation software tools.**

> **404.6.1 Minimum capabilities.** Calculation procedures used to
> comply with this Section shall be software tools capable of
> calculating the annual energy consumption of all building elements
> that differ between the standard reference design and the proposed
> design and shall include the following capabilities:

a.  Computer generation of the standard reference design using only the
    input for the proposed design. The calculation procedure shall not
    allow the user to directly modify the building component
    characteristics of standard reference design.

b.  Calculation of whole-building (as a single zone) sizing for the
    heating and cooling equipment in the standard reference design
    residence in accordance with Section M1401.3 of the International
    Residential Code.

c.  Calculations that account for the effects of indoor and outdoor
    temperatures and part-load ratios on the performance of heating,
    ventilating and air conditioning equipment based on climate and
    equipment sizing.

d.  Printed code official inspection checklist listing each of the
    proposed design component characteristics from Table 404.5.2(1)
    determined by the analysis to provide compliance along with their
    respective performance ratings (e.g. R-Value, U-Factor, SHGC, HSPF,
    AFUE, SEER, EF, etc.).

> **404.6.2 Approved tools.** Performance analysis tools shall be
> approved. Tools may be approved based on meeting a specified threshold
> for a jurisdiction, such as an accredited home energy rating system
> (HERS) tool. The code official shall be permitted to approve tools for
> a specified application or limited scope.
>
> **404.6.3 Input values.** When calculations require input values not
> specified by Sections 402, 403 and 404, those input values shall be
> taken from an approved source.

### Table 402.1. Insulation and Fenestration Requirements by Component^(a)^

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 11%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>Climate Zone</strong></td>
<td><strong>Fenestration U‑Factor</strong></td>
<td><p><strong>Skylight<sup>(b)</sup></strong></p>
<p><strong>U-Factor</strong></p></td>
<td><p><strong>Glazed</strong></p>
<p><strong>Fenestration</strong></p>
<p><strong>SHGC</strong></p></td>
<td><p><strong>Ceiling</strong></p>
<p><strong>R-Value</strong></p></td>
<td><p><strong>Wood</strong></p>
<p><strong>Frame Wall</strong></p>
<p><strong>R-Value</strong></p></td>
<td><p><strong>Mass Wall</strong></p>
<p><strong>R-Value</strong></p></td>
<td><p><strong>Floor</strong></p>
<p><strong>R-Value</strong></p></td>
<td><p><strong>Basement<sup>(c)</sup></strong></p>
<p><strong>Wall R‑Value</strong></p></td>
<td><p><strong>Slab<sup>(d)</sup></strong></p>
<p><strong>R-Value &amp; Depth</strong></p></td>
<td><strong>Crawl Space<sup>(c)</sup> Wall R-Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>1</td>
<td>1.20</td>
<td>1.60</td>
<td>0.40</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>2</td>
<td>0.80</td>
<td>1.05</td>
<td>0.40</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>3</td>
<td>0.60</td>
<td>0.90</td>
<td>0.40<sup>(e)</sup></td>
<td>30</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>5/13</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>4 except Marine</td>
<td>0.40</td>
<td>0.60</td>
<td>NR</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>10 / 13</td>
<td>10, 2 ft</td>
<td>10 / 13</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><p>5 and</p>
<p>Marine 4</p></td>
<td>0.35</td>
<td>0.60</td>
<td>NR</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>19 or 13+5<strong><sup>(g)</sup></strong></td>
<td>13</td>
<td>25<sup>(f)</sup></td>
<td>10 / 13</td>
<td>10, 2 ft</td>
<td>10 / 13</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>6</td>
<td>0.35</td>
<td>0.60</td>
<td>NR</td>
<td>49</td>
<td>19 or 13+5<strong><sup>(g)</sup></strong></td>
<td>15</td>
<td>30<sup>(f)</sup></td>
<td>10 / 13</td>
<td>10, 4 ft</td>
<td>10 / 13</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>7 and 8</td>
<td>0.35</td>
<td>0.60</td>
<td>NR</td>
<td>49</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>30<sup>(f)</sup></td>
<td>15 / 21</td>
<td>15, 4 ft</td>
<td>10 / 13</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="11"><p>(a) R-values are minimums. U-factors and SHGC are
maximums. R-19 shall be permitted to be compressed into a 2x6
cavity.</p>
<p>(b) The fenestration U-factor column excludes skylights. The SHGC
column applies to all glazed fenestration.</p>
<p>(c) The first R-value applies to continuous insulation, the second to
framing cavity insulation; either insulation meets the requirement.</p>
<p>(d) R-5 shall be added to the required slab edge R-values for heated
slabs.</p>
<p>(e) There are no SHGC requirements in the Marine zone.</p>
<p>(f) Or insulation sufficient to fill the framing cavity, R-19
minimum.</p>
<p>(g) “13+5” means R-13 cavity insulation plus R-5 insulated sheathing.
If structural sheathing covers 25% or less of the exterior, R-5
sheathing is not required where structural sheathing is used. If
structural sheathing covers more than 25% of exterior, structural
sheathing shall be supplemented with insulated sheathing of at least
R-2.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

### Table 402.1.2. Equivalent U-Factors^(a)^

+--------+------+------+-----+------+------+-----+--------+---------+
| **C    | **   | **Sk | **  | **F  | **   | **F | **Base | **Crawl |
| limate | Fene | ylig | Cei | rame | Mass | loo | ment** | Space   |
| Zone** | stra | ht** | lin | Wa   | Wa   | r** |        | Wall    |
|        | tion |      | g** | ll** | ll** |     | **Wall | U-F     |
|        | U‑   | **U‑ |     |      |      | **U | U-Fa   | actor** |
|        | Fact | Fact | **U | **U- | **U- | -Fa | ctor** |         |
|        | or** | or** | -Fa | Fact | Fact | cto |        |         |
|        |      |      | cto | or** | or** | r** |        |         |
|        |      |      | r** |      |      |     |        |         |
+--------+------+------+-----+------+------+-----+--------+---------+
| 1      | 1.20 | 1.60 | 0.  | 0    | 0    | 0.  | 0.360  | 0.477   |
|        |      |      | 035 | .082 | .110 | 064 |        |         |
+--------+------+------+-----+------+------+-----+--------+---------+
| 2      | 0.80 | 1.05 | 0.  | 0    | 0    | 0.  | 0.360  | 0.477   |
|        |      |      | 035 | .082 | .110 | 064 |        |         |
+--------+------+------+-----+------+------+-----+--------+---------+
| 3      | 0.60 | 0.90 | 0.  | 0    | 0    | 0.  | 0.360  | 0.136   |
|        |      |      | 035 | .082 | .110 | 047 |        |         |
+--------+------+------+-----+------+------+-----+--------+---------+
| 4      | 0.40 | 0.60 | 0.  | 0    | 0    | 0.  | 0.059  | 0.065   |
| except |      |      | 030 | .082 | .099 | 047 |        |         |
| Marine |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
+--------+------+------+-----+------+------+-----+--------+---------+
| 5 and  | 0.35 | 0.60 | 0.  | 0    | 0    | 0.  | 0.059  | 0.065   |
| Marine |      |      | 030 | .060 | .082 | 037 |        |         |
| 4      |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
+--------+------+------+-----+------+------+-----+--------+---------+
| 6      | 0.35 | 0.60 | 0.  | 0    | 0    | 0.  | 0.059  | 0.065   |
|        |      |      | 026 | .060 | .077 | 033 |        |         |
+--------+------+------+-----+------+------+-----+--------+---------+
| 7 and  | 0.35 | 0.60 | 0.  | 0    | 0    | 0.  | 0.041  | 0.057   |
| 8      |      |      | 026 | .057 | .057 | 033 |        |         |
+--------+------+------+-----+------+------+-----+--------+---------+
| \(a\)  |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| Non-   |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| fenest |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| ration |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| U-f    |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| actors |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| shall  |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| be     |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| ob     |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| tained |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| from   |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| measur |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| ement, |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| calcu  |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| lation |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| or an  |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| ap     |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| proved |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| s      |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
| ource. |      |      |     |      |      |     |        |         |
+--------+------+------+-----+------+------+-----+--------+---------+

**Table 402.2.4. Steel-Frame Ceiling, Wall and Floor Insulation
(R-Value)**

+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| **Wood Frame**     | **Cold-Formed Steel Equivalent R --Value^1^**   |
|                    |                                                 |
| **R-Value          |                                                 |
| Requirement**      |                                                 |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| **Steel Truss      |                                                 |
| Ceilings^2^**      |                                                 |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| R-30               | R-38 or R-30+3 or R-26+5                        |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| R-38               | R-49 or R-38+3                                  |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| R-49               | R-38+5                                          |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| **Steel Joist      |                                                 |
| Ceilings^2^**      |                                                 |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| R-30               | R-38 in 2x4 or 2x6 or 2x8                       |
|                    |                                                 |
|                    | R-49 in any framing                             |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| R-38               | R-49 in 2x4 or 2x6 or 2x8 or 2x10               |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| ######             |                                                 |
|  Steel Framed Wall |                                                 |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| R-13               | R-13+5 or R-15+4 or R-21+3                      |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| R-19               | R-13+9 or R-19+8 or R-25+7                      |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| R-21               | R-13+10 or R-19+9 or R-25+8                     |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| ######             |                                                 |
|  Steel Joist Floor |                                                 |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| R-13               | R-19 in 2x6                                     |
|                    |                                                 |
|                    | R-19+R6 in 2x8 or 2x10                          |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| R-19               | R-19+R-6 in 2x6                                 |
|                    |                                                 |
|                    | R-19+R-12 in 2x8 or 2x10                        |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Notes:             |                                                 |
|                    |                                                 |
| 1\. Cavity         |                                                 |
| insulation R-value |                                                 |
| is listed first,   |                                                 |
| followed by        |                                                 |
| continuous         |                                                 |
| insulation         |                                                 |
| R-value.           |                                                 |
|                    |                                                 |
| 2\. Insulation     |                                                 |
| exceeding the      |                                                 |
| height of the      |                                                 |
| framing shall      |                                                 |
| cover the framing. |                                                 |
+--------------------+-------------------------------------------------+

**Table 402.1.4. HVAC System Tradeoffs**

+------+---------------------------------+----------------------------+
| *    | **Required Improvement for HVAC | **Allowed Alternatives for |
| *Cli | System**                        | In                         |
| mate |                                 | sulation/Fenestration^1^** |
| Z    |                                 |                            |
| one( |                                 |                            |
| s)** |                                 |                            |
+======+=================================+============================+
| 2    | > SEER 13 **OR**                | > Any fenestration         |
|      | >                               | > U-factor                 |
|      | > Ducts & HVAC in conditioned   |                            |
|      | > space **OR**                  |                            |
|      | >                               |                            |
|      | > Ground source heat pump       |                            |
+------+---------------------------------+----------------------------+
| 3    | > SEER 13 with AFUE 90 **OR**   | > Double pane window       |
|      | >                               | >                          |
|      | > SEER 13 with HSPF 7.9 **OR**  | > with any U-factor        |
|      | >                               |                            |
|      | > Ducts & HVAC in conditioned   |                            |
|      | > space **OR**                  |                            |
|      | >                               |                            |
|      | > Ground source heat pump       |                            |
+------+---------------------------------+----------------------------+
| 4 or | > SEER 12 with AFUE 92 **OR**   | > R-0 unconditioned        |
| 5    | >                               | > basement                 |
|      | > SEER 12 with HSPF 8.2 **OR**  | >                          |
|      | >                               | > R-0 slab                 |
|      | > Ducts & HVAC in conditioned   | >                          |
|      | > space **OR**                  | > R-19 floor               |
|      | >                               |                            |
|      | > Ground source heat pump       |                            |
+------+---------------------------------+----------------------------+
| 5    | > SEER 12 with AFUE 92 **OR**   | > R-13 wall                |
|      | >                               | >                          |
|      | > SEER 12 with HSPF 8.2 **OR**  | > R-19 floor               |
|      | >                               |                            |
|      | > Ducts & HVAC in conditioned   |                            |
|      | > space **OR**                  |                            |
|      | >                               |                            |
|      | > Ground source heat pump       |                            |
+------+---------------------------------+----------------------------+
| 6    | > SEER 12 with AFUE 92 **OR**   | > R-38 ceiling             |
|      | >                               | >                          |
|      | > SEER 12 with HSPF 8.2 **OR**  | > R-13 wall                |
|      | >                               |                            |
|      | > Ducts & HVAC in conditioned   |                            |
|      | > space **OR**                  |                            |
|      | >                               |                            |
|      | > Ground source heat pump       |                            |
+------+---------------------------------+----------------------------+
| 7    | > AFUE 92 **OR**                | > R-38 ceiling             |
|      | >                               | >                          |
|      | > HSPF 8.2 **OR**               | > R-15 wall                |
|      | >                               |                            |
|      | > Ducts & HVAC in conditioned   |                            |
|      | > space **OR**                  |                            |
|      | >                               |                            |
|      | > Ground source heat pump       |                            |
+------+---------------------------------+----------------------------+
| No   |                                 |                            |
| tes: |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| 1    |                                 |                            |
| .  T |                                 |                            |
| able |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    4 |                                 |                            |
| 02.1 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| requ |                                 |                            |
| irem |                                 |                            |
| ents |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  not |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   st |                                 |                            |
| ated |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   re |                                 |                            |
| main |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    s |                                 |                            |
| ame. |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  All |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    f |                                 |                            |
| ootn |                                 |                            |
| otes |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   of |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    T |                                 |                            |
| able |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    4 |                                 |                            |
| 02.1 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   ap |                                 |                            |
| ply. |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| 2    |                                 |                            |
| .  A |                                 |                            |
| fter |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| year |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| 2006 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| SEER |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    s |                                 |                            |
| hall |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   be |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    i |                                 |                            |
| ncre |                                 |                            |
| ased |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   by |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    2 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| from |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    v |                                 |                            |
| alue |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   in |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| this |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   ta |                                 |                            |
| ble; |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| HSPF |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    s |                                 |                            |
| hall |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| incr |                                 |                            |
| ease |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| from |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  7.9 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   to |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  8.5 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  and |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| from |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  8.2 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   to |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| 8.8. |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| 3.   |                                 |                            |
|   In |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    z |                                 |                            |
| ones |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    3 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  thr |                                 |                            |
| ough |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    8 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| dwel |                                 |                            |
| ling |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    u |                                 |                            |
| nits |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| with |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| elec |                                 |                            |
| tric |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   re |                                 |                            |
| sist |                                 |                            |
| ance |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  hea |                                 |                            |
| ting |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  are |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  not |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| elig |                                 |                            |
| ible |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   to |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  use |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| this |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   ta |                                 |                            |
| ble. |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| 4.   |                                 |                            |
|   "D |                                 |                            |
| ucts |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    & |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| HVAC |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   in |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  con |                                 |                            |
| diti |                                 |                            |
| oned |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   sp |                                 |                            |
| ace" |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| incl |                                 |                            |
| udes |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  air |                                 |                            |
| -han |                                 |                            |
| dler |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  and |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  fur |                                 |                            |
| nace |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    b |                                 |                            |
| eing |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   in |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  con |                                 |                            |
| diti |                                 |                            |
| oned |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   sp |                                 |                            |
| ace. |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   Fa |                                 |                            |
| ctor |                                 |                            |
| y-se |                                 |                            |
| aled |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  air |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| hand |                                 |                            |
| lers |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  tes |                                 |                            |
| ted, |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   li |                                 |                            |
| sted |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  and |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  lab |                                 |                            |
| eled |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   by |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| manu |                                 |                            |
| fact |                                 |                            |
| urer |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   as |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   ha |                                 |                            |
| ving |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    a |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   2% |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   or |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| less |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  lea |                                 |                            |
| kage |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| rate |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   at |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  1.0 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| inch |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    w |                                 |                            |
| ater |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    g |                                 |                            |
| auge |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    s |                                 |                            |
| hall |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| meet |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  req |                                 |                            |
| uire |                                 |                            |
| ment |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  for |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  air |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  han |                                 |                            |
| dler |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    b |                                 |                            |
| eing |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   in |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  con |                                 |                            |
| diti |                                 |                            |
| oned |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   sp |                                 |                            |
| ace. |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| 5.   |                                 |                            |
|  For |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  uni |                                 |                            |
| nsul |                                 |                            |
| ated |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    u |                                 |                            |
| ncon |                                 |                            |
| diti |                                 |                            |
| oned |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    b |                                 |                            |
| asem |                                 |                            |
| ents |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    t |                                 |                            |
| rade |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  off |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   in |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    Z |                                 |                            |
| ones |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    4 |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  and |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   5, |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   at |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| most |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  one |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| foot |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   of |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| base |                                 |                            |
| ment |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| wall |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  can |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   be |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    a |                                 |                            |
| bove |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   gr |                                 |                            |
| ade. |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  Any |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  com |                                 |                            |
| bina |                                 |                            |
| tion |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   of |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   fo |                                 |                            |
| unda |                                 |                            |
| tion |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   in |                                 |                            |
| sula |                                 |                            |
| tion |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    s |                                 |                            |
| peci |                                 |                            |
| fied |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    s |                                 |                            |
| hall |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   be |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   pe |                                 |                            |
| rmit |                                 |                            |
| ted. |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| 6    |                                 |                            |
| .  S |                                 |                            |
| labs |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| with |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  uni |                                 |                            |
| nsul |                                 |                            |
| ated |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  hot |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    w |                                 |                            |
| ater |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   pi |                                 |                            |
| pes, |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  uni |                                 |                            |
| nsul |                                 |                            |
| ated |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  air |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| dist |                                 |                            |
| ribu |                                 |                            |
| tion |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    d |                                 |                            |
| ucts |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   or |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| elec |                                 |                            |
| tric |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  hea |                                 |                            |
| ting |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   ca |                                 |                            |
| bles |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    i |                                 |                            |
| nsta |                                 |                            |
| lled |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   wi |                                 |                            |
| thin |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   or |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    u |                                 |                            |
| nder |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| slab |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  are |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  not |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| elig |                                 |                            |
| ible |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  for |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| this |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| trad |                                 |                            |
| eoff |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   of |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    s |                                 |                            |
| lab- |                                 |                            |
| edge |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  ins |                                 |                            |
| ulat |                                 |                            |
| ion. |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| 7.   |                                 |                            |
|  Eva |                                 |                            |
| p­o­ra |                                 |                            |
| ­tive |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  coo |                                 |                            |
| ling |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    s |                                 |                            |
| hall |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| meet |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| SEER |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  req |                                 |                            |
| uire |                                 |                            |
| ment |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   if |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| code |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| offi |                                 |                            |
| cial |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  has |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   de |                                 |                            |
| emed |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  eva |                                 |                            |
| pora |                                 |                            |
| tive |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  coo |                                 |                            |
| ling |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  app |                                 |                            |
| ro­pr |                                 |                            |
| iate |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   to |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  cli |                                 |                            |
| mate |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   of |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    j |                                 |                            |
| uris |                                 |                            |
| dict |                                 |                            |
| ion. |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| 8.   |                                 |                            |
|   Ma |                                 |                            |
| rine |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| zone |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   re |                                 |                            |
| side |                                 |                            |
| nces |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  wit |                                 |                            |
| hout |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   me |                                 |                            |
| chan |                                 |                            |
| ical |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  air |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| cond |                                 |                            |
| itio |                                 |                            |
| ning |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|    s |                                 |                            |
| hall |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   be |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   ex |                                 |                            |
| empt |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| from |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  the |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| SEER |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|  req |                                 |                            |
| uire |                                 |                            |
| ment |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   in |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
| this |                                 |                            |
|      |                                 |                            |
|   ta |                                 |                            |
| ble. |                                 |                            |
+------+---------------------------------+----------------------------+

##  

## 

# 

# 

# Table 404.5.2(1) Specifications for the Standard Reference and Proposed Designs

+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| **Building    | #                          | **Proposed Design**     |
| Component**   |  Standard Reference Design |                         |
+===============+============================+=========================+
| > Above grade | Type: wood frame           | As proposed             |
| > walls:      |                            |                         |
|               | Gross area: same as        | As proposed             |
|               | proposed                   |                         |
|               |                            | As proposed             |
|               | U-Factor: from Table       |                         |
|               | 402.1.2                    | As proposed             |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Solar absorptance = 0.75   | As proposed             |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Emittance = 0.90           |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Basement    | Type: same as proposed     | As proposed             |
| > and         |                            |                         |
| > crawlspace  | Gross area: same as        | As proposed             |
| > walls:      | proposed                   |                         |
|               |                            | As proposed             |
|               | U-Factor: from Table       |                         |
|               | 402.1.2 with insulation    |                         |
|               | layer on interior side of  |                         |
|               | walls                      |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Above grade | Type: wood frame           | As proposed             |
| > floors:     |                            |                         |
|               | Gross area: same as        | As proposed             |
|               | proposed                   |                         |
|               |                            | As proposed             |
|               | U-Factor: from Table       |                         |
|               | 402.1.2                    |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Ceilings:   | Type: wood frame           | As proposed             |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Gross area: same as        | As proposed             |
|               | proposed                   |                         |
|               |                            | As proposed             |
|               | U-Factor: from Table       |                         |
|               | 402.1.2                    |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Roofs:      | Type: composition shingle  | As proposed             |
|               | on wood sheathing          |                         |
|               |                            | As proposed             |
|               | Gross area: same as        |                         |
|               | proposed                   | As proposed             |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Solar absorptance = 0.75   | As proposed             |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Emittance = 0.90           |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Attics:     | Type: vented with aperture | As proposed             |
|               | = 1ft^2^ per 300 ft^2^     |                         |
|               | ceiling area               |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| >             | Type: same as proposed     | As proposed             |
|  Foundations: |                            |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Doors:      | Area: 40 ft^2^             | As proposed             |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Orientation: North         | As proposed             |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | U-factor: same as          | As proposed             |
|               | fenestration from Table    |                         |
|               | 402.1.2                    |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Glazing:    | Total area ^(b)^ =18% of   | As proposed             |
| > ^(a)^       | conditioned floor area     |                         |
|               |                            | As proposed             |
|               | Orientation: equally       |                         |
|               | distributed to four        | As proposed             |
|               | cardinal compass           |                         |
|               | orientations (N, E, S, &W) | As proposed             |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | U-factor: from Table       | Same as standard        |
|               | 402.1.2                    | reference design ^(c)^  |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | SHGC: from Table 402.1     | As proposed             |
|               | except that for climates   |                         |
|               | with no requirement (NR)   |                         |
|               | SHGC = 0.55 shall be used  |                         |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Interior shade fraction:   |                         |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | > Summer (all hours when   |                         |
|               | > cooling is required) =   |                         |
|               | > 0.70                     |                         |
|               | >                          |                         |
|               | > Winter (all hours when   |                         |
|               | > heating is required) =   |                         |
|               | > 0.85                     |                         |
|               | >                          |                         |
|               | > External shading: none   |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Skylights   | None                       | As proposed             |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Thermally   | None                       | As proposed             |
| > isolated    |                            |                         |
| > sunrooms    |                            |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Air         | Specific Leakage Area      | For residences that are |
| > exchange    | (SLA) ^(d)^ = 0.00048      | not tested, the same as |
| > rate        | assuming no energy         | the standard reference  |
|               | recovery                   | design                  |
|               |                            |                         |
|               |                            | For residences without  |
|               |                            | mechanical ventilation  |
|               |                            | that are tested in      |
|               |                            | accordance with ASHRAE  |
|               |                            | Standard 119, Section   |
|               |                            | 5.1, the measured air   |
|               |                            | exchange rate^(e)^ but  |
|               |                            | not less than 0.35 ach. |
|               |                            |                         |
|               |                            | For residences with     |
|               |                            | mechanical ventilation  |
|               |                            | that are tested in      |
|               |                            | accordance with ASHRAE  |
|               |                            | Standard 119, Section   |
|               |                            | 5.1, the measured air   |
|               |                            | exchange rate^(e)^      |
|               |                            | combined with the       |
|               |                            | mechanical ventilation  |
|               |                            | rate,^(f)^ which shall  |
|               |                            | not be less than 0.01 x |
|               |                            | CFA + 7.5 x (N~br~+1).  |
|               |                            |                         |
|               |                            | > where:                |
|               |                            | >                       |
|               |                            | > CFA = conditioned     |
|               |                            | > floor area            |
|               |                            | >                       |
|               |                            | > N~br~ = number of     |
|               |                            | > bedrooms              |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Mechanical  | None, except where         | As proposed             |
| >             | mechanical ventilation is  |                         |
|  ventilation: | specified by the proposed  |                         |
|               | design, in which case:     |                         |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Annual vent fan energy     |                         |
|               | use:                       |                         |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | kWh/yr = 0.03942\*CFA +    |                         |
|               | 29.565\*(N~br~+1)          |                         |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | where:                     |                         |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | CFA = conditioned floor    |                         |
|               | area                       |                         |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | N~br\ =~ number of         |                         |
|               | bedrooms                   |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Internal    | IGain = 17,900 +           | Same as standard        |
| > gains:      | 23.8\*CFA + 4104\*N~br~    | reference design        |
|               | (Btu/day per dwelling      |                         |
|               | unit)                      |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Internal    | An internal mass for       | Same as standard        |
| > mass:       | furniture and contents of  | reference design, plus  |
|               | 8 pounds per square foot   | any additional mass     |
|               | of floor area.             | specifically designed   |
|               |                            | as a thermal storage    |
|               |                            | element ^(g)^ but not   |
|               |                            | integral to the         |
|               |                            | building envelope or    |
|               |                            | structure.              |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Structural  | > For masonry floor slabs, | As proposed             |
| > mass:       | > 80% of floor area        |                         |
|               | > covered by R‑2 carpet    | As proposed             |
|               | > and pad, and 20% of      |                         |
|               | > floor directly exposed   | As proposed             |
|               | > to room air;             |                         |
|               | >                          |                         |
|               | > For masonry basement     |                         |
|               | > walls, as proposed, but  |                         |
|               | > with insulation required |                         |
|               | > by Table 402.1.2 located |                         |
|               | > on the interior side of  |                         |
|               | > the walls;               |                         |
|               | >                          |                         |
|               | > For other walls, for     |                         |
|               | > ceilings, floors, and    |                         |
|               | > interior walls, wood     |                         |
|               | > frame construction.      |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Heating     | Fuel type: same as         | As proposed ^(i)^       |
| > systems     | proposed design            |                         |
| > ^(h),(i)^   |                            | As proposed             |
|               | Efficiencies:              |                         |
|               |                            | As proposed             |
|               | > Electric: air-source     |                         |
|               | > heat pump with           | As proposed             |
|               | > prevailing federal       |                         |
|               | > minimum efficiency       | As proposed             |
|               | >                          |                         |
|               | > Non electric furnaces:   |                         |
|               | > natural gas furnace with |                         |
|               | > prevailing federal       |                         |
|               | > minimum efficiency       |                         |
|               | >                          |                         |
|               | > Non electric boilers:    |                         |
|               | > natural gas boiler with  |                         |
|               | > prevailing federal       |                         |
|               | > minimum efficiency       |                         |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Capacity: sized in         |                         |
|               | accordance with Section    |                         |
|               | M1401.3 of the             |                         |
|               | International Residential  |                         |
|               | Code.                      |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Cooling     | Fuel type: Electric        | As proposed ^(k)^       |
| > systems     |                            |                         |
| > ^(h),(k)^   | Efficiency: in accordance  | As proposed             |
|               | with prevailing federal    |                         |
|               | minimum standards          | As proposed             |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Capacity: sized in         |                         |
|               | accordance with Section    |                         |
|               | M1401.3 of the             |                         |
|               | International Residential  |                         |
|               | Code.                      |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Service     | Fuel type: same as         | As proposed             |
| > Water       | proposed design            |                         |
| > Heating     |                            | As proposed             |
|               | Efficiency: in accordance  |                         |
|               | with prevailing Federal    | Same as standard        |
|               | minimum standards          | reference               |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Use (gal/day): 30 +        | Same as standard        |
|               | 10\*N~br~                  | reference               |
|               |                            |                         |
|               | Tank temperature: 120 F    |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Thermal     | A thermal distribution     | Same as standard        |
| >             | system efficiency (DSE) of | reference design,       |
|  distribution | 0.80 shall be applied to   | except as specified by  |
| > systems:    | both the heating and       | Table  404.5.2(2).      |
|               | cooling system             |                         |
|               | efficiencies.              |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| > Thermostat  | Type: manual, cooling      | Same as standard        |
|               | temperature set            | reference design        |
|               | point = 78 F; heating      |                         |
|               | temperature set            |                         |
|               | point = 68 F               |                         |
+---------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+

**Notes:**

a.  Glazing shall be defined as sunlight-transmitting fenestration,
    including the area of sash, curbing or other framing elements, that
    enclose conditioned space. Glazing includes the area of
    sunlight-transmitting fenestration assemblies in walls bounding
    conditioned basements. For doors where the sunlight-transmitting
    opening is less than 50% of the door area, the glazing area is the
    sunlight transmitting opening area. For all other doors, the glazing
    area is the rough frame opening area for the door including the door
    and the frame.

b.  For residences with conditioned basements, R-2 and R-4 residences,
    and townhouses, the following formula shall be used to determine
    glazing area:

> **A~F~ = 0.18 x A~FL~ x F~A~ x F**
>
> where:
>
> A~F~ = Total glazing area.
>
> A~FL~ = Total floor area of directly conditioned space.
>
> F~A~ = (Above grade thermal boundary gross wall area)/(above grade
> boundary wall area + 0.5 x below grade boundary wall area).
>
> F = (Above grade thermal boundary wall area)/(above grade thermal
> boundary wall area + common wall area) or 0.56, whichever is greater.
>
> and where:
>
> *Thermal boundary wall* is any wall that separates conditioned space
> from unconditioned space or ambient conditions.
>
> *Above grade thermal boundary wall* is any thermal boundary wall
> component not in contact with soil.
>
> *Below grade boundary wall* is any thermal boundary wall in soil
> contact.
>
> *Common wall area* is the area of walls shared with an adjoining
> dwelling unit.

c.  For fenestrations facing within 15 degrees of true south that are
    directly coupled to thermal storage mass, the winter interior shade
    fraction shall be permitted to be increased to 0.95 in the proposed
    design.

d.  Where Leakage Area (L) is defined in accordance with Section 5.1 of
    ASHRAE Standard 119 and where:\
    SLA = L / CFA\
    where L and CFA are in the same units.

e.  Tested envelope leakage shall be determined and documented by an
    independent party approved by the code official. Hourly calculations
    as specified in the 2001 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, Chapter
    26, page 26.21, equation 40 (Sherman-Grimsrud model) or the
    equivalent shall be used to determine the energy loads resulting
    from infiltration.

f.  The combined air exchange rate for infiltration and mechanical
    ventilation shall be determined in accordance with equation 43 of
    2001 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals page 26.24 and the" Whole-house
    Ventilation" provisions of 2001 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals,
    page 26.19 for intermittent mechanical ventilation.

g.  Thermal Storage Element shall mean a component not part of the
    floors, walls or ceilings that is part of a passive solar system,
    and that provides thermal storage such as enclosed water columns,
    rock beds, or phase change containers. A thermal storage element
    must be in the same room as fenestration that faces within 15
    degrees of true south, or must be connected to such a room with
    pipes or ducts that allow the element to be actively charged.

h.  For a proposed design with multiple heating, cooling or water
    heating systems using different fuel types, then the applicable
    standard reference design system capacities and fuel types shall be
    weighted in accordance with their respective loads as calculated by
    accepted engineering practice for each equipment and fuel type
    present.

i.  For a proposed design without a proposed heating system, a heating
    system with the prevailing federal minimum efficiency shall be
    assumed for both the standard reference design and proposed design.
    For electric heating systems the prevailing federal minimum
    efficiency air-source heat pump shall be use for the standard
    reference design.

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
(k) For a proposed design home without a proposed cooling system, an
    electric air conditioner with the prevailing federal minimum
    efficiency shall be assumed for both the standard reference design
    and the proposed design.

(l) For a proposed design with a non-storage type water heater, a
    40-gallon storage-type water heater with the prevailing Federal
    minimum Energy Factor for the same fuel as the predominant heating
    fuel type shall be assumed. For the case of a proposed design
    without a proposed water heater, a 40-gallon storage-type water
    heater with the prevailing federal minimum efficiency for the same
    fuel as the predominant heating fuel type shall be assumed for both
    the proposed design and standard reference design.

## 

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  **Table 404.5.2(2) Default Distribution System              
  Efficiencies for Proposed Designs ^(a)^**                   
  ----------------------------------------------- ----------- -----------
  Distribution System Configuration and           Forced Air  Hydronic
  Condition:                                      Systems     Systems
                                                              ^(b)^

  Distribution system components located in       0.80        0.95
  *unconditioned* space                                       

  Distribution systems entirely located in        0.88        1.00
  *conditioned* space ^(c)^                                   

  *Proposed* "leak free" with entire air          0.96        
  distribution system located in the                          
  *conditioned* space ^(d)^                                   

  *Proposed* "leak free" air distribution system  0.88        
  with components located in the *unconditioned*              
  space                                                       

  "Ductless" systems ^(e)^                        1.00        
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

**Notes:**

(a) Default values given by this table are for untested distribution
    systems, which must still meet minimum requirements for duct system
    insulation.

(b) Hydronic Systems shall mean those systems that distribute heating
    and cooling energy directly to individual spaces using liquids
    pumped through closed loop piping and that do not depend on ducted,
    forced air flows to maintain space temperatures.

(c) Entire system in conditioned space shall mean that no component of
    the distribution system, including the air handler unit, is located
    outside of the conditioned space.

(d) Proposed "leak free" shall mean leakage to outdoors not greater than
    3 cfm per 100 ft^2^ of conditioned floor area and total leakage not
    greater than 9 cfm per 100 ft^2^ of conditioned floor area at a
    pressure differential of 25 Pascal across the entire system,
    including the manufacturer's air handler enclosure. Total leakage of
    not greater than 3 cfm per 100 ft^2^ of conditioned floor area at a
    pressure difference of 25 Pascal across the entire system, including
    the manufacturer's air handler enclosure, shall be deemed to meet
    this requirement without measurement of leakage to outdoors. This
    performance shall be specified as required in the construction
    documents and confirmed through field-testing of installed systems
    as documented by an approved independent party.

(e) Ductless systems may have forced airflow across a coil but shall not
    have any ducted airflows external to the manufacturer's air handler
    enclosure.

**8) SUPPORTING INFORMATION (State purpose and reason, and provide
substantiation to support proposed change):**

The purpose of this proposal to the International Energy Conservation
Code (IECC) and the International Residential Code (IRC) is to further
the usability of the energy codes. The U.S. Department of Energy has for
the past decade worked to promote the IECC in numerous ways---assisting
states and localities in adopting and implementing IECC-based codes,
developing and deploying user-friendly code compliance tools, hosting
workshops and training sessions, operating an energy codes hotline,
assembling and distributing information via a dedicated web site and
email list, and proposing helpful changes to the IECC through the ICC
code development process.

As DOE has promoted the adoption and use of the IECC, builders and code
officials have repeatedly echoed one consistent comment---that the
residential portion of the IECC is difficult to understand, complicated
to adopt and implement, and expensive to enforce. This comment has been
widespread in spite of the availability of very easy-to-use---and
free---code compliance software. In evaluating the causes for these
comments, DOE has identified a number of specific characteristics that
make the IECC difficult to use, especially by jurisdictions with limited
staff and budget. In no particular order, these include:

-   Because the thermal criteria (insulation and windows requirements)
    are a function of heating degree-days (HDD), and any particular
    location may have multiple sources of HDD data or be equally distant
    from more than one source, there is sometimes ambiguity as to what
    the code requires. Further, the HDD framework makes it difficult to
    properly accommodate cooling concerns in the code. Finally, the HDD
    basis, which is used only in some of the IECC's compliance paths,
    differs from the county-defined zones used in some other compliance
    paths (including some commercial sections) of the IECC.

-   Because envelope stringency is a function of glazing area as a
    percentage of wall area, the code behaves irrationally in some ways.
    For example, the code tends to permit a less efficient envelope for
    larger houses and for houses with inefficient aspect ratios or
    ceiling heights. In apparent contradiction, low-window-area homes
    (e.g., low-budget starter homes) can have wall and window
    requirements that are unreasonably inefficient.

-   The code's requirements are very nonuniform, making it difficult or
    impossible for builders and code officials (and homebuyers) to
    develop a sense of the code's baseline requirements in a
    jurisdiction. For example, the HDD-based requirements vary from
    location to location within a jurisdiction, and often result in
    unexpected differences between adjacent jurisdictions that are part
    of a larger community or metropolitan area. Further, because
    envelope efficiency requirements vary with building geometry, the
    code's requirements cannot be known until a design is finalized,
    which makes change orders after construction has begun difficult and
    expensive, sometimes resulting in noncompliance even when the new
    design would use less energy. Also, different building types
    generally have different requirements. Finally, the combination of
    HDD-based criteria and county-based zones results in apparent
    ambiguities and sometimes jurisdictional confusion between
    residential and commercial sections.

-   The code is frequently cited as being difficult to read and
    understand due to its length and apparent lack of integration
    between compliance paths.

For all the reasons listed above, DOE finds that enforcement of the code
is inconsistent at best, and very rare for some important building
elements such as glazing area, which has a large influence on the
required R-values and U-factors for a given house.

DOE has therefore developed a proposal that rewrites the residential
sections of the IECC. The intent is to transform the code to a format
that is easy to understand, easy for builders and inspectors to
remember, relatively unchanging within jurisdictional boundaries,
unambiguous, and inexpensive to adopt and enforce. The format we have
chosen is exemplified by a single provision that was introduced to the
IECC in 1998---the SHGC requirement for windows in southern locations.
That code provision, in contrast to the bulk of the code, has been well
understood, readily implemented, and has generated little if any
confusion. DOE's current code change proposal follows that model in
several ways, focusing on clear and unambiguous specifications even at
the expense of some precision. (The SHGC requirement is a uniform 0.40
over a very large geographical area and never changes regardless of the
building type, size, shape, orientation, or any other factor.)

This code change proposal reformats the IECC's residential provisions
without substantially affecting the overall stringency of the code.
Note, however, that with any change in format, especially one that
changes the geo-climatic basis for the requirements, some specific
locations will experience modest stringency changes.

Another key goal of this proposal is to produce efficiency prescriptions
that are easily memorized by builders and code officials in any
particular jurisdiction, as codes of this nature are observed to
experience considerably higher compliance rates than codes for which
each and every house has different requirements. Despite its historical
length and complexity, the IECC actually has provisions for only a
handful of residential energy efficiency measures---primarily the
building envelope components and HVAC distribution systems. DOE's
primary intent is to provide very simple, clear, and fair requirements
for these measures.

Following the philosophy discussed above, DOE's change proposal has the
following major characteristics:

-   The climate basis of the proposed requirements has been changed from
    simple HDD to geographical zones that are based on multiple climate
    variables (so that both heating and cooling considerations are
    accommodated). Further, within the U.S., the zones are completely
    defined by political boundaries (county lines) so that code users
    will never have to choose from disparate climate data sources to
    determine local requirements. The proposed new climate zones were
    developed in an open process, in consultation with relevant
    standards committees of the American Society of Heating
    Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). The proposed
    zones are designed to be an appropriate foundation for both
    residential and commercial codes, and may be useful in other
    contexts as well. A thorough discussion of the zones' development
    can be found at
    <http://www.energycodes.gov/implement/pdfs/climate_paper_review_draft_rev.pdf>

-   The proposed code's prescriptive envelope requirements are not a
    function of window area. Eliminating this dependency has a number of
    beneficial effects on the code's usability and enforceability. DOE
    has analyzed the potential drawbacks of this approach and has
    concluded that the benefits outweigh them. This analysis is
    available for review at
    <http://www.energycodes.gov/implement/pdfs/wwr_elimination.pdf>

-   The proposed code is designed to accommodate local practices and
    preferences, eliminating common local hurdles to code compliance.
    For example, the proposal accommodates some coastal regions' need
    for glazing with high wind ratings and high-termite regions' need
    for easy compliance without slab-edge insulation.

-   The proposed code is designed to increase consumer awareness of a
    home's energy features, by making baseline requirements more uniform
    within a jurisdiction and by requiring a disclosure of each house's
    R-values, U-factors, and HVAC efficiencies.

-   The proposed code is designed, to the extent practicable, to
    incorporate aspects of the latest building science regarding energy
    efficiency and its effects on moisture control and durability. For
    example, the proposed code contains provisions related to unvented
    crawlspaces, modifies vapor retarder requirements, requires sealing
    of air handlers in garages, and limits worst-case glazing U-factors
    in locations where moisture condensation can be a serious problem.

-   The proposed code greatly simplifies and streamlines the text,
    eliminates unused definitions, brings other definitions into
    agreement with those in other ICC codes, and eliminates many
    inadvertent loopholes that have resulted from unintended
    interactions between compliance paths.

-   The proposed code has a new energy performance section that more
    explicitly defines the standard reference house and eliminates some
    ambiguities present in the existing IECC Chapter 4.

In preparing this change proposal, DOE has worked for two years with
numerous interested parties, including builders, code officials,
manufacturers, efficiency advocates, energy simulation experts, and
building scientists. DOE has worked openly; making successive drafts of
the change proposal available for review via DOE's energy codes web site
(<http://www.energycodes.gov/>). Over one hundred individuals and
entities provided hundreds of helpful comments. DOE reviewed all
comments carefully and tried to craft a proposal that fairly balances
all viewpoints without compromising the overall goal of increased
usability. Parts of the proposal were developed in consultation with
experts from ASHRAE's 90.1 standard committee.

DOE believes this proposed change, if adopted, will result in a much
easier to use code, easier and hence more widespread adoption of
IECC-based state codes, easier and less expensive enforcement, and more
consistent compliance even in jurisdictions with minimal enforcement
infrastructure. We urge the ICC to consider this proposal on those
merits.

**PLEASE USE SEPARATE FORM FOR EACH PROPOSAL**

**SUBMITTAL AS A DOCUMENT ATTACHMED TO AN E-MAIL IS PREFERRED**

(SEE REVERSE FOR DIRECTIONS ON WHERE TO SEND PROPOSALS)