CURRICULUM VITAE

[Name]{.underline}: Dr. Genoveffa Franchini

[Citizenship]{.underline}: United States

[Education]{.underline}: 1977 ‑ M.D., University of Modena, Italy

[Board Certification]{.underline}: 1981 ‑ Board in Hematology

[Brief Chronology of Employment]{.underline}:

> 1977‑1979 ‑ Postdoctoral Fellow, Hematology Institute, University of
> Modena, Italy
>
> 1979‑1982 ‑ Fogarty Fellow, Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology (LTCB),
> National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH),

Bethesda, Maryland

> 1982‑1986 ‑ Visiting Associate, LTCB, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
>
> 1986‑1988 ‑ Guest Researcher, LTCB, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
>
> 1988‑1992 ‑ Visiting Scientist, LTCB, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
>
> 1993‑1996 ‑ Chief, Section on Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines,
> LTCB, NCI,

NIH, Bethesda, Maryland

> 1995‑1996 ‑ Acting Chief, LTCB, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
>
> 1997‑date ‑ Chief, Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, NCI,
> NIH, Bethesda, Maryland

[Summary:]{.underline}

Dr. Genoveffa Franchini is a renowned retrovirologist who has pioneered
research on oncogenes and human retroviruses (HTLVs and HIVs). She has
made numerous achievements in virology and translational approaches to
prevent and treat human diseases caused by retroviruses. Her work has
furthered the understanding of HTLV-1 pathogenesis, leading to the
identification and characterization of new viral genes (*PNAS* 1992) and
their function (*Nature Medicine* 2003). Recognition of her achievements
includes an invitation to write the HTLV-1 chapter in the 2007 edition
of the standard reference *Fields Virology*.

Her accomplishments in HIV vaccine development have secured patent
rights to the US Government on the use of poxvirus vectors alone or in
combination with DNA. One of the vaccines developed and tested in Dr.
Franchini's laboratory is in clinical trials in 16,000 volunteers in
Thailand. Dr. Franchini's laboratory genetically characterized SIV
(*Nature* 1987) and defined the regulatory function of HIV-1/2 and SIV
genes (*Science* 1986, 1990). She first demonstrated the importance of
Vpr in HIV-1 infectivity in macrophages (*PNAS*, 1990) and the SIV
fusion peptide (*Science*, 1989). Her work in immunological mechanisms
furthered the understanding of vaccine efficacy and protection (*Nature
Medicine*, 2005). In the therapeutic arena, Dr. Franchini provided the
first proof of principle that vaccination provides transient benefit to
SIV-infected macaques (*Nature Medicine*, 2001), and she pioneered
strategies to down-modulate regulators of immune response in
HIV-1-infected individuals.

Dr. Franchini serves the scientific field through editorial duties for
peer-review journals, including *Journal of Virology*. She is an
associate editor for *Blood*, *Mucosal Immunology*, and *AIDS Reviews*.
She is in frequent demand to review manuscripts for prestigious journals
including *Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal of Experimental
Medicine, Journal of Immunology, Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal
of Virology, Nature Medicine, Nature Reviews Immunology,* and
*Oncogene*. Dr. Franchini serves on search and thesis committees, she
has served ad hoc in several study sections and had chaired the
HIV-Vaccine study session in the last year and half. , She serves in
scientific committees, faculties, and advisory and review boards in
intramural and extramural capacities. She has a strong mentorship
record: former fellows now serve in important scientific positions at
Harvard University, Institut Pasteur, in private industry, and at
respected education and research institutions throughout the United
States, Europe, and South America.

[Research Interests]{.underline}:

HTLV-1 causes ATLL and a progressive myelopathy designated TSP/HAM.
HIV-1 is the causative agent of AIDS. Both of these human retroviruses
induce disease affecting CD4+ T cells. Major research interests are: (1)
to investigate how HTLV-1 proteins subvert cellular and physiological
pathways of T cells and lead to their transformation and (2) to develop
strategies for preventive vaccines and therapeutic vaccines for HIV-1.

[Societies]{.underline}:

Italian Society of Haematology

Italian Society of Medicine

American Society of Clinical Investigation (elected member)

International Retrovirology Association

> International Association for Comparative Research on Leukemia and
> Related Diseases
>
> American Association of Physicians(elected member)

[Associate Editor:]{.underline}

Blood, Mucosal Immunology, AIDS Reviews

[Editorial Board Membership]{.underline}:

> AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses; AIDS Treatment Strategies;
> Journal of AIDS; Journal of Virology; Virology and AIDS Abstracts

[Honors/Presentations in the Last Few Years]{.underline}:

> Professorship; University of Kumamoto; Japan; 1994
>
> Professorship; Pasteur Institute; Paris, France; 1994
>
> Guest Lecturer, New Insights on HTLV‑I Origin and Pathogenesis;
> Laboratory of Dr. Myron Essex; Harvard School of Public Health;
> Boston, MA; August 1995
>
> Guest Lecturer, Insights on HTLV‑I/II Natural History and
> Pathogenicity; Laboratory of Dr. Ronald C. Desrosiers; Harvard Medical
> School; Boston, MA; December 1995
>
> Invited Participant, Symposium on Virological and Immunological
> Features of HIV‑Infected Long Term Non‑Progressors; Milan, Italy; May
> 1996
>
> Invited Participant, International Agency For Research On Cancer
> Working Group on HTLV and HIV Monographs; Lyon, France; June 1996
>
> Guest Lecturer, HIV‑I Vaccine Development; University of Vienna
> Medical School; Vienna, Austria; September 1996
>
> Guest Lecturer, HTLV‑II Pathogenesis; University of Padova; Padova,
> Italy; September 1996
>
> Guest Speaker, Evaluation of a NYVAC‑SIV Vaccine in the Macaque Model;
> Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland; Baltimore, MD;
> February 1997
>
> Invited Participant, International Meeting on Herpes Virus; Pisa,
> Italy; May 1997
>
> Invited Participant, 10th Symposium on Molecular Biology of
> Hematopoiesis; Hamburg, Germany; July 1997
>
> Invited Speaker, XIX Symposium of the International Association for
> Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases;
> Mannheim/Heidelberg, Germany; July 1997
>
> Invited Participant, 15th Annual Symposium on Nonhuman Primate Models
> for AIDS; Seattle, WA; September 1997
>
> Guest Lecturer, 1997‑1998 External Seminar Series; John P. Robarts
> Research Institute; London, Ontario, Canada; October 1997
>
> Invited Participant, Invitation of Foreign Scientists to Japanese
> Institutes; Japan Health Sciences Foundation; Kagoshima, Japan;
> February 1998
>
> Lecturer, Second National Hematology Blood Transfusion Meetings;
> Vietnam Society Hematology Blood Transfusion; Ho Chi Minh City,
> Vietnam; February 1998
>
> Invited Lecturer, Primate Evaluations of AIDS Vaccines Workshop;
> National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH; Bethesda,
> MD; May 1998
>
> Invited Lecturer, V International Symposium on HTLV in Brazil and IX
> Meeting of Hematology and Hemotherapy of Ceara; Fortaleza, Brazil; May
> 1998
>
> Lecturer, 12th World AIDS Conference; Geneva, Switzerland; June 1998
>
> Invited Lecturer, 17th UICC International Cancer Congress; Rio de
> Janeiro, Brazil; August 1998
>
> Invited Lecturer, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute; New York,
> NY; October 1998
>
> Invited Lecturer, 9th International Conference on Human Retrovirology:
> HTLV; Kagoshima, Japan; April 1999
>
> Invited Lecturer, U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson
> Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine; Rockville, MD;
> April 1999
>
> Invited Lecturer, International Symposium on HIV, Leukemia, and
> Opportunistic Cancers; Marrakech, Morocco; May 1999
>
> Invited Lecturer, XXVI Congress of Polish Pediatricians; Mikolajki,
> Poland; June 1999
>
> Invited Participant, AImmune Based Interventions in HIV Infection and
> Treatment: A Promising Approach?@ seminar; NIH AIDS Interest Group;
> Bethesda, MD; July 1999
>
> Invited Participant, AHIV Therapeutic Vaccines in the HAART Era@ NIH
> seminar; Boston, MA; August 1999
>
> Invited Participant, AMHC Typing Issues and Breeding of Genetically
> Defined Nonhuman Primates for AIDS Vaccine Studies@ workshop, NIH,
> Office of AIDS Research; Bethesda, MD; August 1999
>
> Invited Participant and Speaker, AImmune Reconstitution: Facts and
> Challenges,@ Clinical Research Institute of Montreal; Montreal,
> Quebec, Canada; October 1999
>
> Invited Participant and Speaker, 12^th^ Colloque Des Cent Gardes;
> Paris, France; October 1999
>
> Invited Participant and Speaker, 7^th^ Conference on Retroviruses and
> Opportunistic Infections; San Francisco, CA; January 2000
>
> Invited Participant, UCSF AIDS Research Institute and Vaccine Research
> of Chiron Corporation think-tank session on HIV immunization
> strategies; San Francisco, CA; January 2000
>
> Invited Speaker, Wistar Institute Lecture Series; Philadelphia, PA;
> February 2000
>
> Invited Participant, AHIV Therapeutic Vaccines in the HAART Era@ NIAID
> workshop; Rockville, MD; February 2000
>
> Invited Lecturer, III Meeting on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and
> Treatment of HIV Infection, Division of Infectious and Tropical
> Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Vienna, Austria; April 2000
>
> Invited Speaker, IX Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association for HIV
> Research; Montreal, Canada; April 2000
>
> Participant, AHIV/AIDS Vaccine Development@ workshop; Paris, France;
> May 2000
>
> Invited Participant and Lecturer, AViruses in the Etiology of Human
> Cancers@ meeting; Heidelberg, Germany; May 2000
>
> Invited Speaker, American Association of Immunologists and Clinical
> Immunology Society Joint Annual Meeting: AImmunology 2000@; Seattle,
> WA; May 2000
>
> Invited Speaker, AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Group & HIV Vaccine Trials
> workshop; Washington, DC; May 2000
>
> Invited Speaker, ARationale and Prospectives of Immune Intervention in
> HIV@ workshop; Paris, France; May 2000
>
> Invited Speaker, AIDS Research Institute and Center for AIDS Research
> (UCSD) lecture series; San Diego, CA; May 2000
>
> Invited Lecturer, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine lecture series; New
> York, NY; April 2000
>
> Invited Speaker, Mid-Atlantic SIV Interest Group ARe-educating the
> Immune System in Primate Immunodeficiency Virus Infection@ meeting;
> Frederick, MD; September 2000
>
> Speaker, Symposium on Nonhuman Primate Models for AIDS; Madison, WI;
> October 2000
>
> Keynote Speaker, Structured Treatment Interruptions workshop; Chicago,
> IL; October 2000
>
> Lecturer, XIV Convegno Nazionale AIDS e Sindromi Correlate; Milan,
> Italy; November 2000
>
> Chairperson, AViral Diseases in Hematology@ session, part of the 2000
> American Society of Hematology Education Program; San Francisco, CA;
> December 2000
>
> Invited Participant, AImmune-Based Therapies & HIV Disease@ meeting,
> Forum for Collaborative HIV Research, Center for Health Services
> Research & Policy, George Washington University Medical Center
>
> Washington, DC; December 2000
>
> Lecturer, Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group retreat, Therapeutic
> Immunology Subcommittee, Immunology Research Agenda Committee, NIH;
> Washington, DC; December 2000
>
> Speaker, lecture series of the Department of Microbiology and
> Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel
> Hill; December 2000
>
> Lecturer, 6^th^ Glasgow Virology Workshop; Glasgow, Scotland; February
> 2001
>
> Lecturer, University of Rome; Rome, Italy; February 2001
>
> Lecturer, University of Padova; Padova, Italy; February 2001
>
> Speaker, Wistar Institute Seminar Series; Philadelphia, PA; March 2001
>
> Speaker, Children=s Hospital of Philadelphia Seminar Series;
> Philadelphia, PA; April 2001
>
> Chairperson, AImmune Reconstitution and Surrogate Markers in HIV/AIDS@
> workshop, Institute of Human Virology; Baltimore, MD; April 2001
>
> Invited Speaker, HIV Immune Based Therapies Symposium; Boston, MA; May
> 2001
>
> Lecturer, APathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy of HIV Infection@
> (organized by Policlinico San Matteo IRCCS, Pavia, Italy); Venice,
> Italy; May 2001
>
> Lecturer, 10^th^ International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV
> and Related Viruses; Dublin, Ireland; June 2001
>
> Lecturer, Mahidol University; Bangkok, Thailand; August 2001
>
> Lecturer, Blood Transfusion Hematology Center; Ho Chi Minh City,
> Vietnam; August 2001
>
> Participant, International Society for Experimental Hematology
> meeting; Tokyo, Japan; August 2001
>
> Participant, AIDS Vaccine 2001; Philadelphia, PA; September 2001
>
> Speaker, XXI International Symposium on Leukemia, Lymphoma, and AIDS:
> Pathogenesis and Treatment; Padova/Venice, Italy; October 2001
>
> Invited Participant, Antigen Presenting Cells in HIV Pathogenesis and
> Therapy meeting (NIH Office of AIDS Research and NCI); Warrenton, VA;
> October 2001
>
> Participant, 19^th^ Annual Symposium on Nonhuman Primate Models for
> AIDS; San Juan, PR; November 2001
>
> Speaker, Cornell Medical Center academic lecture series; New York, NY;
> December 2001
>
> Lecturer, University of Texas Health Science Center lecture series;
> San Antonio, TX; January 2002
>
> Invited Speaker, Post Challenge Evaluations in NHP Models; Bethesda,
> MD; January 2002
>
> Invited Speaker, Viral Regulatory and Accessory Genes for AIDS Vaccine
> Development meeting; Bethesda, MD; February 2002
>
> Participant, 9^th^ Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic
> Infections; Seattle, WA; February 2002
>
> Invited Speaker, HIV Therapies: Bench to Bedside; Palm Springs, CA;
> March 2002
>
> Speaker, Symposium on HIV/AIDS; Palm Springs, CA; March 2002
>
> Speaker, 3^rd^ Workshop on Structured Treatment Interruptions;
> Montreal, Canada; March 2002
>
> Invited Lecturer, AIDS Clinical Trials Unit seminar series, Case
> Western Reserve University; Cleveland, OH; April 2002
>
> Doctoral Thesis Defense Committee Member, McGill University; Montreal,
> Canada; April 2002
>
> Invited Speaker, Cleveland HIV Immunology Symposium; Cleveland, OH;
> May 2002
>
> Invited Speaker, Weekly Research Meeting on Intramural HIV/AIDS
> Program, NIAID; Bethesda, MD; May 2002
>
> Invited Speaker, Therapeutic Vaccines against HIV and Cancers; Annecy,
> France; June 2002
>
> Invited Lecturer, Emory University Vaccine Center at Yerkes; Atlanta,
> GA; August 2002
>
> Lecturer, VII International Symposium on HTLV in Brazil; Belem, Para,
> Brazil; August 2002
>
> Invited Lecturer, 2002 International Meeting of the Institute of Human
> Virology; Baltimore, MD; September 2002
>
> Invited Lecturer, lecture series, Division of Viral Products, Center
> for Biologics Evaluation and Research, FDA; Bethesda, MD; September
> 2002
>
> Invited Lecturer, Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center; New York, NY;
> September 2002
>
> Invited Speaker, Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, NCI,
> lecture series; Frederick, MD; October 2002
>
> Invited Participant, Vaccine Research Center (NIH) Scientific Retreat;
> Annapolis, MD; November 2002
>
> Invited Lecturer, Vaccine Research Center (NIH) Lecture Series;
> Bethesda, MD; November 2002
>
> Speaker, 2002 Workshop on Pathogenesis by Non-Acute Retroviruses;
> Indian Wells, CA; December 2002
>
> Invited Speaker, Vaccine Research Center, NIH; Bethesda, MD; February
> 2003
>
> Invited Participant, Office of AIDS Research (NIH) FY 2005 HIV/AIDS
> Vaccine Research and Development Planning Workshop; Bethesda, MD;
> February 2003
>
> Speaker, HIV and Cancer Virology Faculty and Vaccine Working Group
> Meeting: AFuture Vaccines for Papilloma and AIDS Viruses@; Bethesda,
> MD; February 2003
>
> Invited Speaker, U.S.-Japan Cooperative Medical Science Program,
> 15^th^ Joint Meeting of the AIDS Panels
>
> Okinawa, Japan; March 2003
>
> Lecturer, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, NCI; Bethesda, MD; March
> 2003
>
> Invited Speaker, Keystone Symposium on HIV Vaccine Development; Banff,
> Alberta, Canada; March 2003
>
> Invited Participant, AHIV Therapeutic Vaccines: Moving the Field
> Forward@; Washington, DC; April 2003
>
> Participant, Retroviruses meeting; Cold Spring Harbor, NY; May 2003
>
> Participant, International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV;
> San Francisco, CA; June 2003
>
> Invited Speaker, Metabolism Branch, NCI, seminar series; Bethesda, MD;
> June 2003
>
> Participant, 32^nd^ Annual Meeting of the International Society for
> Experimental Hematology; Paris, France; July 2003
>
> Invited Participant, Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group meeting;
> Washington, DC; August 2003
>
> Invited Speaker, HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, NCI, seminar series;
> Bethesda, MD; September 2003
>
> Invited Speaker, International Meeting of the Institute of Human
> Virology; Baltimore, MD; September 2003
>
> Invited Speaker, AAIDS: Pandora=s Box@; Catania, Italy; October 2003
>
> Invited Participant, 2^nd^ Annual Vaccine Research Center Scientific
> Training Retreat; Annapolis, MD; November 2003
>
> Invited Participant, ATransatlantic Cooperation on Combating
> Bioterrorism@ symposium; Washington, DC
>
> November 2003
>
> Participant, 1^st^ International Workshop on HIV Persistence during
> Therapy; Saint Martin, French West Indies; December 2003
>
> Invited Participant, "Assessment of Future Developments of Immune
> Based Therapies in HIV Infection"; NIAID; Landsdowne, VA; January 2004
>
> Invited Speaker, NIAID immune therapy/cytokine symposium; Bethesda,
> MD; January 2004
>
> Invited Speaker, Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Department and
> Infectious Diseases Department seminar series, Johns Hopkins
> University; Baltimore, MD; January 2004
>
> Invited Speaker, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology
> Seminar Series, Ohio State University; Columbus, OH; March 2004
>
> Lecturer, Trans-NIH/FDA Intramural Biodefense Symposium, NIAID;
> Bethesda, MD; April 2004
>
> Invited Presenter, Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council Meeting,
> NIH; Bethesda, MD; April 2004
>
> Participant, "Molecular Mechanisms of HIV Pathogenesis," a Keystone
> symposium; Whistler, British Columbia, Canada; April 2004
>
> Invited Participant, Orthopox Research Group meeting, NIAID; Bethesda,
> MD; April 2004
>
> Invited Lecturer, ATherapeutic Vaccines@ mini symposium, part of
> ABasic Aspects of Vaccines@ national symposium; Bethesda, MD; April
> 2004
>
> Invited Speaker, "Therapeutics in HTLV-1-Associated Neurologic
> Disease" workshop; Montego Bay, Jamaica; May 2004
>
> Invited Speaker, NIAID/NIH Biodefense Clinical Research Workshop;
> Bethesda, MD; June 2004
>
> Invited Minisymposium Cochair and Speaker, 12^th^ International
> Congress of Immunology/4^th^ Annual Conference of FOCIS; Montreal,
> Canada; July 2004
>
> Invited Speaker, McGill University Continuing Medical Education
> seminar series; Montreal, Canada; July 2004
>
> Invited Speaker, "Animal Models for HIV Therapeutic Vaccines Meeting";
> Pearl River, NY; July 2004;
>
> Invited Speaker, Oral Abstract Session Cochair, AIDS Vaccine 2004;
> Lausanne, Switzerland; August 2004
>
> Invited Speaker, Department of Genito-Urinary Medicine & Communicable
> Diseases seminar series, Imperial College; London, UK; September 2004
>
> Speaker, International Poxvirus and Iridovirus Symposium; Oxford, UK;
> September 2004
>
> Invited Speaker, "Immunomodulating Drugs for the Treatment of
> HIV/AIDS"; Poiano/Costermano/Lake Garda, Italy; September 2004
>
> Invited Speaker, 3^rd^ Heinrich F. C. Behr Symposium & LEOPOLDINA
> Conference "Microbes and Malignancy"; Heidelberg, Germany; October
> 2004
>
> Invited Participant, Vaccine Research Center (NIH) Scientific Training
> Retreat; Richmond, VA; October 2004
>
> Cochair, Speaker, HTLV session, International Meeting of the Institute
> of Human Virology; Baltimore, MD; October 2004
>
> Invited speaker, 2^nd^ International Symposium on Oncovirology;
> Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; November 2004
>
> Lecturer, Microbiology Seminar Series, University of Texas
> Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas, TX; December 2004
>
> Invited speaker, 8^th^ International Symposium on HTLV in Brazil; Sao
> Paulo, Brazil; January 2005
>
> Invited Participant, "Vaccines for Hepatitis C Virus" workshop, NIAID;
> Bethesda, MD; February 2005
>
> Invited Lecturer, Pathogenesis seminar series, Center for AIDS
> Research, Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Seattle, WA; February
> 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, Department of Microbiology and Immunology seminar
> series, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences;
> Bethesda, MD; April 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, "HIV Vaccines: Current Challenges and Future
> Prospects," a Keystone symposium; Banff, Canada; April 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, Orthopox Research Group Fifth Annual Meeting, NIH;
> Bethesda, MD; April 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, NCI Immunology Faculty seminar series; Bethesda, MD;
> April 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, Biodefense Forum; Ft. Detrick, MD; April 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, NIAID Grand Rounds; Bethesda, MD; April 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, "HIV: Bridging the Sciences---Vaccine Research and
> Drug Development"; Atlanta, GA; May 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, 10^th^ German and 16^th^ Austrian HIV Conference;
> Vienna, Austria; June 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, Session Cochair, "T cell Turnover and Homeostasis in
> HIV Infection" workshop; Bethesda, MD; June 2005
>
> Coorganizer, Speaker, HTLV symposium; Montego Bay, Jamaica; June 2005
>
> Coorganizer, Speaker, Symposium of the International Association for
> Comparative Research on Leukemia and Related Diseases; Munich,
> Germany; July 2005
>
> Coorganizer, Symposium Chair, AIDS Vaccine 2005; Montreal, Canada;
> September 2005
>
> Participant, 23^rd^ Annual Symposium on Nonhuman Primate Models for
> AIDS; Portland, OR; September 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, Emerging and Re-emerging Viral Infections and
> Biodefense; Rome, Italy; October 2005
>
> Coorganizer, Speaker, Dead Sea Colloquium on HIV and Cancer Vaccine
> Research; Amman, Jordan; November 2005
>
> Invited Speaker, Gene Therapy and Vaccines Seminar Series, University
> of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, PA; January 2006
>
> Invited Speaker, NIAID Poxvirus Workshops; Bethesda, MD; January 2006
>
> Invited Speaker, Palm Springs Symposium on HIV/AIDS; Palm Springs, CA;
> March 2006
>
> Invited Speaker, HIV Research Program seminar series, Henry M. Jackson
> Foundation; Rockville, MD; March 2006
>
> Coorganizer, Speaker, "HIV Vaccines," a Keystone symposium; Keystone,
> CO; March 2006
>
> Invited Speaker, International Workshop on Viral Oncology; Padova,
> Italy; April 2006
>
> Invited Speaker, "Infectious Basis of Cancer: Insights and Therapeutic
> Opportunities"; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; September 2006
>
> Invited Speaker, Regulatory T cells and HIV/AIDS workshop; Cincinnati,
> OH; September 2006
>
> Invited Speaker, 3^rd^ International Conference on Innovative
> Therapies for Lymphoid Malignancies; Palermo, Italy; September 2006
>
> Invited Speaker, 5^th^ National Congress of the Italian Society for
> Infectious and Tropical Diseases; Catania, Italy; October 2006
>
> Invited Speaker, 20^th^ National Congress on AIDS & Related Diseases;
> Rome, Italy; November 2006
>
> Invited Speaker, "Innate Immunity & Novel Vaccines" symposium; Miami,
> FL; January 2007
>
> Invited Speaker, University of Alabama Center for AIDS Research
> lecture series; March 2007
>
> Invited Speaker, HIV Winter Symposium; Miami, FL; March 2007
>
> Speaker, Coorganizer, "Viruses, Genes, and Cancer"; Venice, Italy;
> March 2007
>
> Session Chair, 13^th^ International Conference on Human Retrovirology;
> Hakone, Japan; May 2007
>
> Invited Speaker, "Translating Basic HIV Immunology in Novel
> Interventions" workshop; Sydney, Australia; July 2007
>
> Invited Speaker, 13^th^ International Conference of Immunology; Rio De
> Janeiro, Brazil; August 2007
>
> Invited Speaker, "Challenges in HIV Vaccines" satellite symposium; Rio
> De Janeiro, Brazil; August 2007
>
> Invited Speaker, "HIV/AIDS Research at the NCI: a Record of Sustained
> Excellence"; Bethesda, MD; November 2007
>
> Invited speaker ,Rush University ,Chicago, "CTLA-4 Blockade in SIV
> infection " February,2008
>
> Invited speaker,. "Negative regulatory cells in HIV/SIV infection"
> Palm spring Symphosium March,2008
>
> Chairperson and Speaker ,Keystone Meeting on HIV vaccine and
> pathogenesis, Banff Canada, March
>
> 2008
>
> Participant; Cold Spring Harbor, May 2008
>
> Invited Speaker, X Simposio Internacional Sobre HTLV NO BRASIL, "Novel
> Functional insights on the HTLV-1 P13 II and P12 I Proteins" Rio de
> Janeiro, Brazil; June 2008
>
> Invited Speaker, 3o Simposio somber avancos na patongenia e manejo da
> AIDS, "The immune response and factors that affects HTLV-1 genetic
> regulation: prospects for HIV vaccine" Bahia, Brazil: July 2008
>
> Invited Speaker, Journal of Medicine and The Royal Swedish Academy of
> Sciences' 5^th^ Key Symposium Mucosal Immunity and Novel HIV-vaccine
> Concepts. "Can we use monkeys for human HIV vaccine models?"
> Stockholm, Sweden.

[Patent Material]{.underline}:

> Patent 5223423: \"Characterization of Replication Competent Human
> Immunodeficiency Type 2 Proviral Clone.\" Issued 6/29/93.
>
> Patents 5420030, 5576000, 5869313: \"Molecular Clones of HIV‑1 viral
> strains MN‑ST1 and BA‑L and uses thereof.\" Issued 5/30/95, 11/19/96,
> 2/9/99, respectively.
>
> Patent 5833975: \"Recombinant Poxvirus‑HTLV, Compositions and Uses.\"
> Issued 11/10/98.

> Patent 5766598: ARecombinant Attenuated ALVAC Canarypoxvirus
> Expression Vectors Containing Heterologous DNA Segments Encoding
> Lentiviral Gene.@ Issued 6/16/98.
>
> Patent 5863542: AImmunodeficiency Recombinant Poxvirus.@ Issued
> 1/26/99.

Patent 7094408: AImproved Immunogenicity Using a Combination of DNA and
Vaccinia Virus Vector Vaccines.@ U.S. Issued 8/22/06.

> Patent application 10/495532: ANovel Chimeric Rev, Tat, and Nef
> Antigens.@ DHHS E-158-2000/0-US-03.
>
> U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/404,580 filed 19 Aug 2002
> (DHHS Reference No. E-173-2001/0-US-01); PCT Application No.
> PCT/US03/25958 filed 19 Aug 2003 (DHHS Reference No.
> E-173-2001/0-PCT-02): \"HTLV-1 p30II and p12I Proteins as Therapeutic
> Targets in HTLV-1 Infected Individuals.\"
>
> Patent application PCT/US03/35499: \"Smallpox Vaccine Regimen.\"  DHHS
> E-249-2002/0-PCT-1. Also known as Patent application 60/559,906; DHHS
> E-138-2004/0-US-01.
>
> Patent application 10/048,072 filed 25 January 2002 (DHHS Reference
> No. E-212-1999/2-PCT-06) SLW Reference No. 1662.018US1 "Immunotherapy
> in HIV Infected Persons Using Vaccines After Multi-Drug Treatment."
>
> Patent application 10/513257: \"Immunotherapy Regimens in HIV-Infected
> Patients.\" DHHS E-128-2002/0-US-03. Docket 1662.013US1. Also known as
> Patent application 10/048,072; DHHS E-212-1999/2-PCT-06.
>
> U.S. Patent Application No. 11/364873 filed 27 Feb 2006: "HIV Tev
> Compositions and Methods of Use."
>
> U.S. Patent Application No. 61/081,994, filed 18 July 2008: "HTLV-II
> Vector and Methods of Use."
>
> U.S. Patent Application No. 11/523,867, filed 20 September 2006: "DNA
> vaccines against poxvirus."
>
> Employee Invention Report: "A Method to Develop B cell Epitope-Based
> Effective Vaccine Modalities for Smallpox for Both Immune-Competent
> and Immune-Compromised Individuals."
>
> Employee Invention Report: "An Alternatively Spliced Tat V1 Rev
> Protein (Tev) Product as a Component of an HIV Vaccine."

[Awards]{.underline}:

Federal Technology Transfer Act Award, 1994‑1997, 2001-2008

> Outstanding Mentor Award, NCI Fellowship Office, 2001, 2004

[Competitive Funding:]{.underline}

> Competitive supplemental funding FY 2000:
>
> \$20,000 to organize an HTLV-I conference.
>
> \$300,000: NYVAC-SIV vaccine combined with immunomodulatory molecule
> after HAART failure.
>
> Collaborative Project Award II: \$414,721: Ability of intrarectal
> administration of multi-epitope synthetic peptide HIV/SIV vaccine to
> induce mucosal T-cell immunity and protection against mucosal
> transmission of SHIV. PI #1: Genoveffa Franchini (NCI). PI #2: Jay A.
> Berzofsky (NCI).
>
> Bench-to-Bedside Award: \$210,000. PI (basic science): Genoveffa
> Franchini (NCI). PI (clinical investigator): Ashish Jain (NIAID).
>
> OAR Discretionary Funds (FY 2000): \$440,000. Phase I clinical trial
> with NYVAC HIV as immunotherapy in HIV-I-infected individuals treated
> with HAART. Investigators: Genoveffa Franchini (NCI), Gene Shearer
> (NCI), Robert Yarchoan (NCI).
>
> IATAP (FY 2002): \$250,000. Investigators: Genoveffa Franchini,
> Marjorie Robert-Guroff, Carl C. Baker (all NCI).
>
> NIAID Intramural Biodefense Research Award: \$997,100: Prevention and
> treatment of complications of smallpox vaccination in a macaque model
> of acquired immunodeficiency. Investigators: Genoveffa Franchini
> (NCI), Mike Bray (NIAID), Hana Golding (FDA), Dorothy Scott (FDA).
>
> Competitive supplemental funding FY 2005: \$15,000 to organize an
> HTLV-1 conference.
>
> NIH/NIAID 1R21 AI073234-01; 3/15/07-02/28/09; \$150,000: Induction of
> mucosal SIV immunity in non human primates by secreted Hsp-Gp96.
> Evaluate gp96-vaccines for SIV and study the optimal dose of SIV gp-96
> vaccines for induction of systemic and mucosal immunity. PI: E. Podack
> (University of Miami).

[Reviewer For]{.underline}:

> AIDS; AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses; AIDS Reviews; American
> Journal of Pathology; Annals of Neurology; Antiviral Chemistry and
> Chemotherapy; Blood; Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics; Cancer
> Research; Carcinogenesis; Cell Immunology; Cellular and Molecular Life
> Sciences; Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology; Clinical
> Infectious Diseases; DNA and Cell Biology; European Journal of
> Immunology; FEBS Letters; Immunogenetics; Immunology Letters;
> International Journal of Cancer; Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency
> Syndromes; Journal of AIDS and Human Retrovirology; Journal of AIDS
> Research; Journal of Biological Chemistry; Journal of Clinical
> Investigation; Journal of Experimental Medicine; Journal of General
> Virology; Journal of Human Virology; Journal of Immunological Methods;
> Journal of Immunology; Journal of Infectious Diseases; Journal of
> Investigative Dermatology; Journal of Leukocyte Biology; Journal of
> the National Cancer Institute; Journal of Virology; Leukemia; Leukemia
> Research; Molecular and Cellular Biology; Molecular Biology of the
> Cell; Molecular Therapy; Molecular Pharmacology; Mucosal Immunology;
> National Cancer Institute Monographs; Nature Medicine; Nature Reviews
> Immunology; Oncogene; PLoS Pathogens; Proceedings of the National
> Academy of Sciences of the United States of America; Science; Vaccine;
> Viral Immunology; Virology; World AIDS Conference abstracts

[Editorial work]{.underline}

Associate Editor for AIDS review (2004- )

Associate Editor for Mucosal Immunology (Nature publishing group)

Associate Editors for Blood (American Association of Hematology)

[Committees and Programs]{.underline}:

> HIV Drug Resistance Program Search Committee, NCI
>
> Tenure Track and Search Committees, NIAID
>
> Tenure Track Committee, HIV and AIDS Malignancies Branch, NCI
>
> Ph.D. Dissertation Examiner, Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center of
> the Karolinska Institute
>
> Howard Hughes Medical Institute‑NIH Research Scholars Program
>
> Senior Scientist Search Committee, Laboratory of Genomic Diversity,
> NCI
>
> Italian University Grants System Program
>
> AIDS and Related Research Study Section 1, Molecular and Cellular
> Biology of HIV and Related Viruses, NIAID
>
> Dana‑Farber Cancer Institute External Advisory Board: Vaccination
> against Intrapartum HIV Clade C Transmission
>
> Intramural Advisory Board, NCI
>
> Office of AIDS Research Coordinating Committee on Vaccine Research,
> NCI

Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Vaccinia Immunization, NIH

Promotion and Tenure Review Panel, DCEG, NCI

Board of Scientific Counselors, NIAID

Tenure-Track Search Committee, Hematology Branch, NHLBI

Office of AIDS Research HIV Vaccine Research & Development Planning
Workshops, NIH

> Intramural AIDS Targeted Antiviral Program application-review
> committee, NIH
>
> Special Emphasis Panel, \"HIV Research and Design,\" NIAID Scientific
> Review Program

HIV and Cancer Virology Faculty, NCI

Vaccine Working Group, NCI

> Attenuated Vaccinia Interagency Working Group

Scientific Review Program, Division of Extramural Activities, NIAID

NIH Academy Preceptor

HTLV Advisory Group, NCI

AIDS Vaccine Research Working Group, NIH

HIV/AIDS Vaccine Study Section, Center for Scientific Research, NIH;
chair (2007- )

Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee, Office of Biotechnology Activities,
NIH

Animal Research Advisory Committee, NIH

Tenure/Tenure-Track Search Committee, Laboratory of Molecular
Microbiology, NIAID; chair

Medical Research Council, Triage, Infections and Immunity Board, grant
proposal reviewer

New York Academy of Medicine, preceptor

American Academy of Allergy Asthma & Immunology Summer Fellowship
Program, preceptor

Infectious Disease Society of American fellowship program, preceptor

NIH/Johns Hopkins University graduate program, thesis committee member

> HIV & AIDS Malignancy Branch, NCI, Viral Oncogenesis Principal
> Investigator Recruitment Committee; chair
>
> Steering Committee, Center of Excellence in HIV/AIDS and Cancer
> Virology, NCI; cochair
>
> Integrated Preclinical/Clinical AIDS Vaccine Development Program peer
> review, NIAID

[Mentorship: Former Laboratory Members and Current
Affiliations:]{.underline}

Aldovini, Anna Associate Professor, Harvard University

Ali, Mir Technician, NCI

Alonzo, Norma C. Patent Advisor, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office

Ballotta, Claudia Associate Professor, Scientific Institute San
Raffaele, Milan, Italy

Berneman, Zwi Professor of Hematology; Head of the Laboratory of
Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp. Chief, Division of
Hematology, Antwerp University Hospital

Boeri, Enzo Researcher, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy

Casareto, Luca Bioinformatics Specialist, Informax, Inc.

Cereseto, Anna Researcher, University of Pisa, Italy

Di Giglio, Laura Researcher, Merck

Dundr, Miroslav Assistant Professor, Rosalind Franklin University of
Medicine & Science

Edghill-Smith, Yvette Project Leader, Southern Research Institute

Ferrari, Maria Grazia Staff Scientist, Advanced BioScience Laboratories,
Inc.

Fu, Kaisong Clinical medicine

Gessain, Antoine Researcher; Director, Oncogenic Virus Epidemiology and
Pathophysiology, Institut Pasteur, France

Giri, Adriani A. Assistant Professor, Universidad Nacional de Rosario,
Argentina

Giuliani, Laura Assistant Professor, University of Rome, Italy

Harrod, Robert L. Associate Professor, Southern Methodist University

Hel, Zdenek Assistant Professor, University of Alabama

Heraud, Jean-Michel Head, WHO-National Influenza Laboratory, Institut
Pasteur de Madagascar

Hryniewicz, Anna Adjunct Professor, Medical University, Bialystok,
Poland

Johnson, Julie M. Research Scientist, Martek Biosciences

Kislyakova, Tatiana Assistant Professor, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Russia

Koralnik, Igor J. Associate Professor; Director, HIV/Neurology Center,
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Marcon, Luisa Researcher, University of Rome, Italy; Assistant
Professor, Brown Medical School

Moniuszko, Marcin Physician, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland

Mulloy, James C. Associate Professor, Cincinnati Children\'s Hospital
Medical Center

Nacsa, Janos

Nicot, Christophe Associate Professor, University of Kansas

Rivadeneira, Emilia Physician, Mt. Sinai Medical Center

Silic-Benussi, Micol Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Padova, Italy

Stevceva, Liljana Medical Officer,NIAID

Takemoto, Shigeki Physician, Kochi Medical School, Japan

Trindade, Christopher Medical Student, Robert Wood Johnson Medical
School

Trovato, Raffaella Researcher, Policlinico di Modena, Department of
Medical Sciences, Italy

Tryniszewska, Elzbieta Assistant Professor, Physician, Medical Academy
of Bialystok, Poland

Cecchinato Valentina Researcher,Bellinzona,Swizzerland

Jaen- Michel Heraud Institute Pasteur de Madagascar ,Director of the
Laboratorie Natcional OMS

por la Grippe

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11. Manzari, V., Wong‑Staal, F., Franchini, G., Colombini, S., Gelmann,
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12. Wong‑Staal, F., Hahn, B., Manzari, V., Colombini, S., Franchini, G.,
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13. Harper, M.E., Franchini, G., Love, J., Simon, M.I., Gallo, R.C., and
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14. Haynes, B.F., Robert‑Guroff, M., Metzgar, R.S., Franchini, G.,
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    antibody against human T‑cell leukemia virus p19 defines a human
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15. Salahuddin, S.Z., Markham, P.D., Wong‑Staal, F., Franchini, G.,
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16. Wong‑Staal, F., Westin, E., Franchini, G., Gelmann, E., Dalla
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17. Franchini, G., Wong‑Staal, F., Baluda, M.A., Lengel, C., and
    Tronick, S.R.: Structural organization and expression of human DNA
    sequences related to the transforming gene of avian myeloblastosis
    virus. *Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA* 80:7385‑7389, 1983.

18. Wong‑Staal, F., Josephs, S., Dalla Favera, R., Westin, E., Gelmann,
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    as progenitors of viral onc genes and their expression in human
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19. Hahn, B., Manzari, V., Colombini, S., Franchini, G., Gallo, R.C.,
    and Wong‑Staal, F.: Common site of integration of HTLV in cells of
    three patients with mature T‑cell leukaemia‑lymphoma. *Nature*
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20. Franchini, G. and Wong‑Staal, F.: Retrovirus and retroviral onc
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21. Gelmann, E.P., Franchini, G., Manzari, V., Wong‑Staal, F., and
    Gallo, R.C.: Molecular cloning of a unique human T‑cell leukemia
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22. Franchini, G., Wong‑Staal, F., and Gallo, R.C.: Molecular studies of
    human T‑cell leukemia virus and adult T‑cell leukemia. *J. Invest.
    Dermatol.* 83:63s‑66s, 1984.

23. Blatt, C., Harper, M.E., Franchini, G., Nessirt, M.N., and Simon,
    M.I.: Chromosomal mapping of murine c‑fes and c‑src genes. *Mol.
    Cell. Biol.* 4:978‑981, 1984.

24. Hahn, B., Gallo, R.C., Franchini, G., Popovic, M., Aoki, T.,
    Salahuddin, S.Z., Markham, P.D., and Wong‑Staal, F.: Clonal
    selection of human T‑cell leukemia virus‑infected cells in vivo and
    in vitro. *Mol. Biol. Med.* 2:29‑36, 1984.

25. Mann, D.L., Clark, J., Clarke, M., Reitz, M., Popovic, M.,
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    cell lines established from patients with adult T cell leukemia. *J.
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26. Franchini, G., Wong‑Staal, F., and Gallo, R.C.: Human T‑cell
    leukemia virus (HTLV‑I) transcripts in fresh and cultured cells of
    patients with adult T‑cell leukemia. *Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA*
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36. De Rossi, A., Aldovini, A., Franchini, G., Mann, D., Gallo, R.C.,
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37. Aldovini, A., De Rossi, A., Feinberg, M.B., Wong‑Staal, F., and
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38. Sodroski, J.G., Goh, W.C., Rosen, C.A., Salahuddin, S.Z., Aldovini,
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39. Wong‑Staal, F., Franchini, G., Hahn, B., Arya, S., Gelmann, E.P.,
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40. Wong‑Staal, F., Ratner, L., Shaw, G., Hahn, B., Harper, M.,
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41. Kan, N.C., Franchini, G., Wong‑Staal, F., DuBois, G.C., Robey, W.G.,
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    sor gene product and detection of antibodies in human sera.
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42. De Rossi, A., Franchini, G., Aldovini, A., Del Mistro, A.,
    Chieco‑Bianchi, L., Gallo, R.C., and Wong‑Staal, F.: Differential
    response to the cytopathic effects of human T‑cell lymphotropic
    virus type III (HTLV‑III) superinfection in T4+ (helper) and T8+
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43. Franchini, G., Robert‑Guroff, M., Wong‑Staal, F., Ghrayeb, J., Kato,
    I., Chang, T.W., and Chang, N.T.: Expression of the protein encoded
    by the 3\' open reading frame of human T‑cell lymphotropic virus
    type III in bacteria: Demonstration of its immunoreactivity with
    human sera. *Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA* 83:5282‑5285, 1986.

44. Franchini, G., Robert‑Guroff, M., Grayeb, J., Chang, N.T., and
    Wong‑Staal, F.: Cytoplasmic localization of the HTLV‑III 3\' orf
    protein in cultured T cells. *Virology* 155:593‑599, 1986.

45. Franchini, G., Robert‑Guroff, M., Aldovini, A., Kan, N.C., and
    Wong‑Staal, F.: Spectrum of natural antibodies against five HTLV‑III
    antigens in infected individuals: Correlation of antibody prevalence
    with clinical status. *Blood* 69:437‑441, 1987.

46. Franchini, G., Collalti, E., Arya, S.K., Fenyo, E.M., Biberfeld, G.,
    Zagury, J.F., Kanki, P.J., Wong‑Staal, F., and Gallo, R.C.: Genetic
    analysis of a new subgroup of human and simian T‑lymphotropic
    retroviruses: HTLV‑IV, LAV‑2, SBL‑6669 and STLV‑IIIAGM. *AIDS Res.
    Hum. Retroviruses* 3:11‑17, 1987.

47. Guo, H.G., Franchini, G., Collalti, E., Beaver, B., Gurgo, C.,
    Gallo, R.C., Wong‑Staal, F., and Reitz, M.S.: Structure of the long
    terminal repeat of simian lymphotropic virus type III (African green
    monkey) and its relatedness to that of HIV. *AIDS Res. Hum.
    Retroviruses* 3:177‑185, 1987.

48. Franchini, G., Gurgo, C., Guo, H.G., Gallo, R.C., Collalti, E.,
    Fargnoli, K.A., Hall, L.F., Wong‑Staal, F., and Reitz, M.S., Jr.:
    Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus and its relationship to
    the human immunodeficiency viruses. *Nature* 328:539‑542, 1987.

49. Ranki, A., Krohn, M., Allain, J.P., Franchini, G., Valle, S.‑L.,
    Antonen, J., Leuther, M., and Krohn, K.: Long latency precedes overt
    seroconversion in sexually transmitted human‑immunodeficiency‑virus
    infection. *Lancet* ii:589‑593, 1987.

50. Gurgo, C., Guo, H.G., Franchini, G., Aldovini, A., Collalti, E.,
    Farrell, K., Wong‑Staal, F., Gallo, R.C., and Reitz, M.S., Jr.:
    Envelope sequences of two new United States HIV‑1 isolates.
    *Virology* 164:531‑536, 1988.

51. Zagury, J.F., Franchini, G., Reitz, M., Collalti, E., Starcich, B.,
    Hall, L., Fargnoli, K., Jagodzinski, L., Guo, H.‑G., Laure, F.,
    Arya, S.K., Josephs, S., Zagury, D., Wong‑Staal, F., and Gallo,
    R.C.: Genetic variability between isolates of human immunodeficiency
    virus (HIV) type 2 is comparable to the variability among HIV
    type 1. *Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA* 85:5941‑5945, 1988.

52. Franchini, G., Rusche, J.R., O\'Keeffe, T.J., and Wong‑Staal, F.:
    The human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV‑2) contains a novel
    gene encoding a 16 kD protein associated with mature virions. *AIDS
    Res. Hum. Retroviruses* 4:243‑250, 1988.

53. Franchini, G., Kanki, P.J., Bosch, M.L., Fargnoli, K., and
    Wong‑Staal, F.: The simian immunodeficiency virus envelope open
    reading frame located after the termination codon is expressed in
    vivo in infected animals. *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses* 4:251‑258,
    1988.

54. Gurgo, C., Colombini, S., Reitz, M.S., Franchini, G., Collalti, E.,
    Guo, H.‑G., Wong‑Staal, F., and Gallo, R.C.: Role of the human
    retroviruses HTLV‑I, HTLV‑II and HIV in leukemia and AIDS. In
    Giraldo, G., Beth‑Giraldo, E., Clumeck, N., Gharbi, Md‑R., Kyalwazi,
    S.K., and de The, G. (Eds.): *AIDS and Associated Cancers in
    Africa*. Basel, S. Karger, 1988, pp. 182‑229.

55. Clark, J.W., Gurgo, C., Franchini, G., Gibbs, W.N., Lofters, W.,
    Neuland, C., Mann, D., Saxinger, C., Gallo, R.C., and Blattner,
    W.A.: Molecular epidemiology of HTLV‑I‑associated non‑Hodgkin\'s
    lymphomas in Jamaica. *Cancer* 61:1477‑1482, 1988.

56. Franchini, G., Fargnoli, K.A., Giombini, F., Jagodzinski, L., De
    Rossi, A., Bosch, M., Biberfeld, G., Fenyo, E.M., Albert, J., Gallo,
    R.C., and Wong‑Staal, F.: Molecular and biological characterization
    of a replication competent human immunodeficiency type 2 (HIV‑2)
    proviral clone. *Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA* 86:2433‑2437, 1989.

57. Cardoso, E.A., Robert‑Guroff, M., Franchini, G., Gartner, S.,
    Moura‑Nunes, J.F., Gallo, R.C., and Terrinha, A.M.: Seroprevalence
    of HTLV‑I in Portugal and evidence for double retrovirus infection
    of a healthy donor. *Int. J. Cancer* 43:195‑200, 1989.

58. Franchini, G. and Bosch, M.L.: Genetic relatedness of the human
    immunodeficiency viruses type 1 and 2 (HIV‑1, HIV‑2) and the simian
    immunodeficiency virus (SIV). *Ann. NY Acad. Sci.* 544:81‑87, 1989.

59. Marcon, L. and Franchini, G.: Genetics and biology of human
    retroviruses. *Bone Marrow Transplant.* 4:2‑4, 1989.

60. Bosch, M.L., Earl, P.C., Fargnoli, K., Picciafuoco, S., Giombini,
    F., Wong‑Staal, F., and Franchini, G.: Identification of the fusion
    peptide of primate immunodeficiency viruses. *Science* 244:694‑697,
    1989.

61. Franchini, G.: Human and non‑human primate immunodeficiency viruses:
    Genetic relatedness and phylogeny. *Curr. Opinion Immunol.*
    1:513‑515, 1989.

62. Lusso, P., diMarzo Veronese, F., Ensoli, B., Franchini, G., Jemma,
    C., DeRocco, S.E., Kalyanaraman, V.S., and Gallo, R.C.: Expanded
    HIV‑1 cellular tropism by phenotypic mixing with murine endogenous
    retroviruses. *Science* 247:848‑852, 1990.

63. Franchini, G. and Wong‑Staal, F.: Conserved and divergent features
    of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. In Putney, S. and
    Bolognesi, D. (Eds.): *AIDS Vaccine Research and Clinical Trials*.
    New York, Marcel Dekker, 1990, pp. 107‑119.

64. Hattori, N., Michaels, F., Fargnoli, K., Marcon, L., Gallo, R.C.,
    and Franchini, G.: The human immunodeficiency virus type 2 vpr gene
    is essential for productive infection of human macrophages. *Proc.
    Natl. Acad. Sci. USA* 87:8080‑8084, 1990.

65. Chakrabarti, S., Mizukami, T., Franchini, G., and Moss, B.:
    Synthesis, oligomerization, and biological activity of the human
    immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope glycoprotein expressed by a
    recombinant vaccinia virus. *Virology* 178:134‑142, 1990.

66. Franchini, G., Markham, P., Gard, E., Fargnoli, K., Keubaruwa, S.,
    Jagodzinski, L., Robert‑Guroff, M., Lusso, P., Ford, G., Wong‑Staal,
    F., and Gallo, R.C.: Persistent infection of rhesus macaques with a
    molecular clone of human immunodeficiency virus type 2: Evidence of
    minimal genetic drift and low pathogenetic effects. *J. Virol.*
    64:4462‑4467, 1990.

67. McCune, J.M., Namikawa, R., Shih, C.‑C., Rabin, L., and
    Kaneshima, H. with Response by Lusso, P., Di Marzo Veronese, F.,
    Ensoli, B., Franchini, G., Jemma, C., DeRocco, S.E., Kalyanaraman,
    V.S., and Gallo, R.C.: Pseudotypes in HIV‑infected mice. *Science*
    250:1152‑1154, 1990.

68. Franchini, G.: Genetic variation of human retroviruses as a mean to
    understand their origin and evolution. The use of HIV‑2 in animals
    as a tool for the development of a vaccine for humans. In Goebel, K.
    (Ed.): *The Science and Culture Series (Nuclear Strategy and
    Technology) presented at the International Seminar on Nuclear
    War‑‑10th Session: Planetary Emergencies*. Singapore, World
    Scientific, 1990, pp. 163‑176.

69. Marcon, L., Hattori, N., Gallo, R.C., and Franchini, G.: A
    comparison of the genetic and biologic features of human and
    non‑human immunodeficiency lentiviruses. In Giraldo, G., Salvatore,
    M., Piazza, M., Zarrilli, D., and Beth‑Giraldo, E. (Eds.):
    *Biomedical and Social Developments in AIDS and Associated Tumors*.
    Basel, Karger, 1991, pp. 55‑68.

70. Gessain, A., Louie, A., Gout, O., Gallo, R.C., and Franchini, G.:
    Human T‑cell leukemia‑lymphoma virus type I (HTLV‑I) expression in
    fresh peripheral blood monouclear cells from patients with tropical
    spastic paraparesis/HTLV‑I‑associated myelopathy. *J. Virol.*
    65:1628‑1633, 1991.

71. Marcon, L., Michaels, F., Hattori, N., Fargnoli, K., Gallo, R.C.,
    and Franchini, G.: Dispensable role of the human immunodeficiency
    virus type 2 Vpx protein in viral replication. *J. Virol.*
    65:3938‑3942, 1991.

72. Gessain, A., Yanagihara, R., Franchini, G., Garruto, R.M., Jenkins,
    C.L., Ajdukiewicz, A.B., Gallo, R.C., and Gajdusek, D.C.: Highly
    divergent molecular variants of human T‑lymphotropic virus type I
    from isolated populations in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon
    Islands. *Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA* 88:7694‑7698, 1991.

73. Gessain, A., Gallo, R.C., and Franchini, G.: Low degree of human
    T‑cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I genetic drift in vivo as a
    means of monitoring viral transmission and movement of ancient human
    populations. *J. Virol.* 66:2288‑2295, 1992.

74. Robert‑Guroff, M., Aldrich, K., Muldoon, R., Stern, T.L., Bansal,
    G.P., Matthews, T.J., Markham, P.D., Gallo, R.C., and Franchini, G.:
    Cross‑neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2
    and simian immunodeficiency virus isolates. *J. Virol.*
    66:3602‑3608, 1992.

75. Boeri, E., Giri, A., Lillo, F., Ferrari, G., Varnier, O.E., Ferro,
    A., Sabbatani, S., Saxinger, C.W., and Franchini, G.: In vivo
    genetic variability of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 V3
    region. *J. Virol.* 66:4546‑4550, 1992.

76. Lori, F., Hall, L., Lusso, P., Popovic, M., Markham, P., Franchini,
    G., and Reitz, Jr., M.S.: Effect of reciprocal complementation of
    two defective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‑1) molecular
    clones on HIV‑1 cell tropism and virulence. *J. Virol.*
    66:5553‑5560, 1992.

77. Koralnik, I.J., Gessain, A., Klotman, M.E., LoMonico, A., Berneman,
    Z.N., and Franchini, G.: Protein isoforms encoded by the pX region
    of human T‑cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I. *Proc. Natl.
    Acad. Sci. USA* 89:8813‑8817, 1992.

78. Koralnik, I.J., Lemp, J.F., Jr., Gallo, R.C., and Franchini, G.: In
    vitro infection of human macrophages by human T‑cell leukemia/
    lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV‑I). *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses*
    8:1845‑1849, 1992.

79. Gessain, A., Boeri, E., Kazadi, K., Garin, B., Salaün, J.J., Gallo,
    R.C., deThé, G., and Franchini, G.: Variant retroviral HTLV‑I au
    Zaïre chez un patient ayant une neuromyélopathie chronique. Séquence
    nuclétidique du géne d\'enveloppe. *C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris*
    314:159‑164, 1992.

80. Boeri, E., Gessain, A., Garin, B., Kazadi, K., de Thé, G., and
    Franchini, G.: Qualitative changes in the human T‑cell
    leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I env gene sequence in the spastic
    versus nonspastic tropical paraparesis are not correlated with
    disease specificity. *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses* 9:1‑5, 1993.

81. Gessain, A., Boeri, E., Yanagihara, R., Gallo, R.C., and Franchini,
    G.: Complete nucleotide sequence of a highly divergent human T‑cell
    leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type I (HTLV‑I) variant from
    Melanesia: Genetic and phylogenetic relationship to HTLV‑I strains
    from other geographical regions. *J. Virol.* 67:1015‑1023, 1993.

82. Koralnik, I.J., Fullen, J., and Franchini, G.: The p12I, p13II, and
    p30II proteins encoded by human T‑cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus
    type I open reading frames I and II are localized in three different
    cellular compartments. *J. Virol.* 67:2360‑2366, 1993.

83. Balotta, C., Lusso, P., Crowley, R., Gallo, R.C., and Franchini, G.:
    Antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides targeted to the vpr
    gene inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in
    primary human macrophages. *J. Virol.* 67:4409‑4414, 1993.

84. Michaels, F.H., Hattori, N., Gallo, R.C., and Franchini, G.: The
    human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‑1) Vif protein is located
    in the cytoplasm of infected cells and its effect on viral
    replication is equivalent in HIV‑2. *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses*
    9:1025‑1030, 1993.

85. Franchini, G., Mulloy, J.C., Koralnik, I.J., LoMonico, A.,
    Sparkowski, J.J., Andresson, T., Goldstein, D.J., and Schlegel, R.:
    The human T‑cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I p12I protein
    cooperates with the E5 oncoprotein of bovine papillomavirus in cell
    transformation and binds the 16‑kilodalton subunit of the vacuolar
    H+ ATPase. *J. Virol.* 67:7701‑7704, 1993.

86. Tartaglia, J., Franchini, G., Robert‑Guroff, M., Abimuku, A.,
    Benson, J., Limbach, K., Wills, M., Gallo, R.C., and Paoletti, E.:
    Highly attenuated poxvirus vector strains, NYVAC and ALVAC, in
    retrovirus vaccine development. In Robert, O. (Ed.): *Huitième
    Colloque Des Cent Gardes ‑ 1993 (Proceedings)*. Paris, Foundation
    Merieux, 1993, pp. 293‑298.

87. Benson, J., Tschachler, E., Gessain, A., Yanagihara, R., Gallo,
    R.C., and Franchini, G.: Cross‑neutralizing antibodies against
    cosmopolitan and Melanesian strains of human T cell leuekmia/
    lymphotropic virus type I in sera from inhabitants of Africa and the
    Solomon Islands. *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses* 10:91‑96, 1994.

88. Gessain, A., Koralnik, I.J., Fullen, J., Boeri, E., Mora, C., Blank,
    A., Salazar‑Grueso, E.F., Kaplan, J., Saxinger, W.C., Davidson, M.,
    Lairmore, M.D., Levine, P., and Franchini, G.: Phylogenetic study of
    ten new HTLV‑I strains from the Americas. *AIDS Res. Hum.
    Retroviruses* 10:103‑106, 1994.

89. Koralnik, I.J., Boeri, E., Saxinger, W.C., LoMonico, A., Fullen, J.,
    Gessain, A., Guo, H.G., Gallo, R.C., Markham, P., Kalyanaraman, V.,
    Hirsch, V., Allan, J., Murthy, K., Alford, P., Slattery, J.P.,
    O\'Brien, S.J., and Franchini, G.: Phylogenetic associations of
    human and simian T‑cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I strains:
    Evidence for interspecies transmission. *J. Virol.* 68:2693‑2707,
    1994.

90. Franchini, G. and Reitz, M.S., Jr.: Phylogenesis and genetic
    complexity of the nonhuman primate retroviridae. *AIDS Res. Hum.
    Retroviruses* 10:1047‑1060, 1994.

91. Giri, A., Markham, P., Digilio, L., Hurteau, G., Gallo, R.C., and
    Franchini, G.: Isolation of a novel simian T‑cell lymphotropic virus
    from Pan paniscus that is distantly related to the human T‑cell
    leukemia/lymphotropic virus types I and II. *J. Virol.*
    68:8392‑8395, 1994.

92. Nerurkar, V.R., Song, K.J., Bastian, I.B., Garin, B., Franchini, G.,
    and Yanigihara, R.: Genotyping of human T cell lymphotropic virus
    type I using Australo‑Melanesian topotype‑specific oligonucleotide
    primer‑based polymerase chain reaction: Insights into viral
    evolution and dissemination. *J. Infect. Dis.* 170:1353‑1360, 1994.

93. Franchini, G., Tartaglia, J., Benson, J., Robert‑Guroff, M.,
    Abimiku, A., Paoletti, E., and Gallo, R.C.: NYVAC/ALVAC recombinant
    vectors as vaccines against HIV‑2 and HTLV‑1. In Robert, O. (Ed.):
    *Neuvième Colloque Des Cent Gardes ‑ 1994 (Proceedings)*. Paris,
    Foundation Merieux, 1994, pp. 267‑273.

94. Franchini, G., Tartaglia, J., Markham, P., Benson, J., Fullen, J.,
    Wills, M., Arp, J., Dekaban, G., Paoletti, E., and Gallo, R.C.:
    Highly attenuated HTLV type I env poxvirus vaccines induce
    protection against a cell‑associated HTLV type I challenge in
    rabbits. *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses* 11:307‑313, 1995.

95. Franchini, G. and Streicher, H.: Human T‑cell leukemia virus. In
    Young, N. (Ed.): *Viruses as Agents of Haematological Disease*.
    London, Baillière Tindall, 1995, pp. 131‑148.

96. Abimiku, A.G., Franchini, G., Tartaglia, J., Aldrich, K., Myagkikh,
    M., Markham, P.D., Chong, P., Klein, M., Kieny, M.P., Paoletti, E.,
    Gallo, R.C., and Robert‑Guroff, M.: HIV‑1 recombinant poxvirus
    vaccine induces cross‑protection against HIV‑2 challenge in rhesus
    macaques. *Nature Med.* 1:321‑329, 1995.

97. Franchini, G., Robert‑Guroff, M., Tartaglia, J., Aggarwal, A.,
    Abimiku, A., Benson, J., Markham, P., Limbach, K., Hurteau, G.,
    Fullen, J., Aldrich, K., Miller, N., Sadoff, J., Paoletti, E., and
    Gallo, R.C.: Highly attenuated HIV type 2 recombinant poxviruses,
    but not HIV‑2 recombinant Salmonella vaccines, induce long‑lasting
    protection in rhesus macaques. *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses*
    11:909‑920, 1995.

98. Migone, T.S., Lin, J.X., Cereseto, A., Mulloy, J.C., O\'Shea, J.J.,
    Franchini, G., and Leonard, W.J.: Constitutively activated Jak‑STAT
    pathway in T cells transformed with HTLV‑I. *Science* 269:79‑81,
    1995.

99. Taylor, J., Meignier, B., Tartaglia, J., Languet, B., VanderHoeven,
    J., Franchini, G., Trimarchi, C., and Paoletti, E.: Biological and
    immunogenic properties of a canarypox‑rabies recombinant, ALVAC‑RG
    (vCP65) in non‑avian species. *Vaccine* 13:539‑549, 1995.

100. Ciminale, V., D\'Agostino, D.M., Zotti, L., Franchini, G., Felber,
     B.K., and Chieco‑Bianchi, L.: Expression and characterization of
     proteins produced by mRNAs spliced into the X region of the human
     T‑cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type II. *Virology* 209:445‑456,
     1995.

101. Boeri, E., Abecasis, C., Varnier, O.E., and Franchini, G.: Analysis
     of HTLV‑I env gene sequence from an Italian polytransfused patient:
     Evidence for a Zairian HTLV‑I in Sicily. *AIDS Res. Hum.
     Retroviruses* 11:649‑651, 1995.

102. Abimiku, A.G., Franchini, G., Aldrich, K., Myagkikh, M., Markham,
     P., Gard, E., Gallo, R.C., and Robert‑Guroff, M.: Humoral and
     cellular immune responses in rhesus macaques infected with human
     immunodeficiency virus type 2. *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses*
     11:383‑393, 1995.

103. Koralnik, I.J., Mulloy, J.C., Andresson, T., Fullen, J., and
     Franchini, G.: Mapping of the intermolecular association of the
     human T cell leukaemia/lymphotropic virus type I p12I protein and
     the vacuolar H+‑ATPase 16 Kd subunit protein. *J. Gen. Virol.*
     76:1909‑1916, 1995.

104. Franchini, G.: Molecular mechanisms of human T‑cell
     leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I infection. *Blood* 86:3619‑3639,
     1995.

105. Dekaban, G.A., Digilio, L., and Franchini, G.: The natural history
     and evolution of human and simian T cell leukemia/lymphotropic
     viruses. In Hartl, D., O\'Brain, S., and Kafatos, F. (Eds.):
     *Current Opinion In Genetics & Development*, Vol. 5. United
     Kingdom, Current Biology Ltd., 1995, pp. 807‑813.

106. Yanagihara, R., Saitou, N., Nerurkar, V., Song, K., Bastian, I.,
     Franchini, G., and Gajdusek, C.: Molecular Phylogeny and
     Dissemination of Human T‑Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I Viewed With
     the Context of Primate Evolution and Human Migration. *Cell. Mol.
     Biol.* 41:S145‑S161, 1995.

107. Franchini, G., Benson, J., Gallo, R., Paoletti, E., and Tartaglia,
     J.: Attenuated poxvirus vectors as carriers in vaccines against
     human T cell leukemia‑lymphoma virus type I. *AIDS Res. Hum.
     Retroviruses* 12:407‑408, 1996.

108. Voevodin, A., Samilchuk, E., Schätzl, H., Boeri, E., and Franchini,
     G.: Interspecies transmission of macaque simian T‑cell
     leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 in baboons resulted in an outbreak
     of malignant lymphoma. *J. Virol.* 70:1633‑1639, 1996.

109. Dekaban G., Coulthart, M., and Franchini, G.: Natural history of
     HTLVs/STLVs. In Hollsberg, P. (Ed.): *Human T‑cell Lymphotropic
     Virus Type 1*. England, Wiley, J. & Sons, Ltd., 1996.

110. Franchini, G.: Considerations on the development of AIDS vaccines.
     In: *Molecular Biology of Hematopoiesis*, Vol. 2. Andover,
     Intercept Ltd., 1996.

111. Cereseto, A., Mulloy, J.C., and Franchini, G.: Insights on the
     pathogenicity of the human T‑lymphotropic/leukemia virus types I
     and II. *J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndro. Hum. Retrovirol.* Vol. 13
     (Suppl 1):S69‑S75, 1996.

112. Safai, B., Huang, J.‑L., Boeri, E., Farid, R., Raafat, J.,
     Schutzer, P., Ahkami, R., and Franchini, G.: Prevalence of HTLV‑I
     infection in Iran: A serological and genetic study. *AIDS Res. Hum.
     Retroviruses* 12:1185‑1190, 1996.

113. Mulloy, J.C., Crowley, R.W., Fullen, J., Leonard, W.J., and
     Franchini, G.: The human T‑cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1
     p12I protein binds the interleukin‑2 receptor b and gc chains and
     affects their expression on the cell surface. *J. Virol.*
     70:3599‑3605, 1996.

114. Andersson, S., Mäkitalo B., Thorstensson, R., Franchini, G.,
     Tartaglia, J., Limbach, K., Paoletti, E., Putkonen, P., and
     Biberfeld, G.: Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an HIV‑2
     recombinant canarypox (ALVAC) vaccine candidate in cynomolgus
     monkeys. *J. Infect. Dis.* 174:977‑985, 1996.

115. Myagkikh, M, Alipanah, S., Markham, P., Tartaglia, J., Paoletti,
     E., Gallo, R. C. Franchini, G., and Robert‑Guroff, M.: Multiple
     immunizations with attenuated poxvirus HIV type 2 recombinants and
     subunit boosts required for protection of rhesus macaques. *AIDS
     Res. Hum. Retroviruses* 12:985‑991, 1996.

116. Cereseto, A., Diella, F., Cara, A., Mulloy, J.C., Grassman, R.,
     Franchini, G., and Klotman, M.E.: RAPID COMMUNICATION p53
     functional impairment and high p21waf1/cip1 expression in human
     T‑cell lymphotropic/leukemia virus type (HTLV‑I) transformed
     T‑cells. *Blood* 88:1551‑1560, 1996.

117. Cereseto, A., Berneman, Z., Koralnik, I.J., Franchini, G., and
     Klotman, M.E.: Differential expression of alternatively splices pX
     mRNAs in HTLV‑I‑infected cell lines. *Leukemia* 11:866‑870, 1997.

118. Digilio, L., Giri, A., Cho, N., Slattery, J., Markham, P., and
     Franchini, G.: The simian T‑lymphotropic leukemia viruses from *Pan
     paniscus* (STLVpan‑p) belong to the type II family and infect Asian
     macaques. *J. Virol.* 71:3684‑3692, 1997.

119. Giri, A., Slattery, J.P., Walid, H., Gessain, A., Rivadeneira, E.,
     Desrosiers, R.C., Rosen, L., Anthony, R., Pamungkas, J.,
     Iskandriati, D., Richards, A.L., Herve, V., O=Brien, McClure, H.,
     S.J., and Franchini, G.: Tax gene sequences provide support for an
     ancient Asian origin of simian and human T‑cell
     leukemia/lymphotropic viruses. *Virology* 231:96‑104, 1997.

120. Abimiku, A.G., Robert‑Guroff, M., Benson, J., Tartaglia, J.,
     Paoletti, E., Gallo, R.C., Markham, P.D., and Franchini, G.:
     Long‑term survival of SIVmac251-infected macaques previously
     immunized with NYVAC‑SIV vaccines. *J. Acquir. Immune Defic.
     Syndro. Hum. Retrovirol.* 15:S78‑S85, 1997.

121. Lori, F., Gallo, R.C., Malykh, A., Cara, A., Romano, J., Markham,
     P., and Franchini, G.: Didanosine, but not high doses of
     hydroxyurea, rescue pigtailed macaque from a lethal dose of
     SIVsmmpbj14. *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses* 13:1084‑1088, 1997.

122. Takemoto, S., Mulloy, J., Cereseto, A., Migone, T.S., Patel,
     B.K.R., Matsuoka, M., Yamaguchi, K., Takatsuki, K., Kamihira, S.,
     White, J.D., Leonard, W.J, Waldmann, T., and Franchini, G.:
     Proliferation of adult T‑cell leukemia/lymphoma cells is associated
     with the constitutive activation of JAK/STAT proteins. *Proc. Natl.
     Acad. Sci. USA* 94:13897‑13902, 1997.

123. Tschachler, E., and Franchini, G: Infective dermatitis: a pabulum
     for HTLV‑I leukemogenesis? *Arch. Dermat.* 134:487‑488, 1998.

124. Benson, J., Chougnet, C., Robert‑Guroff, M., Montefiori, D.,
     Markham, P., Shearer, G., Gallo, R.C., Cranage, M., Paoletti, E.,
     Limbach, K., Venzon, D., Tartaglia, J., and Franchini, G.:
     Recombinant vaccine‑induced protection against the highly
     pathogenic SIVmac251: dependence on route of challenge exposure.
     *J. Virol.* 72:4170‑4182, 1998.

125. Mulloy, J.C., Migone, T.‑S., Ross, T.M., Ton, N., Green, P.L.,
     Leonard, W.J., and Franchini, G.: Human and simian T‑cell leukemia
     viruses type II (HTLV‑II and STLV‑2pan‑p) transform T‑cells
     independently of Jak/STAT activation. *J. Virol.* 72:4408‑4412,
     1998.

126. Secchiero, P., Bertolaso, L., Casareto, L., Gibellini, D., Vitale,
     M., Bemis, K., Aleotti, A., Capitani, S., Franchini, G., Gallo,
     R.C., and Zauli, G.: Human herpesvirus 7 infection induces profound
     cell cycle perturbations coupled to disregulation of cdc2 and
     cyclin B and polyploidization of CD4+ T‑cells. *Blood*
     92:1685‑1696, 1998.

127. Mulloy, J.C., Kislyakova, T., Cereseto, A., Casareto, L., LoMonico,
     A., Fullen, J., Lorenzi, M.V., Cara, A., Nicot, C., Giam, C.‑Z.,
     and Franchini, G.: HTLV‑I Tax abrogates p53‑induced cell cycle
     arrest and apoptosis through its CREB/ATF functional domain. *J.
     Virol.* 72:8852‑8860, 1998.

128. Franchini, G.: Vaccini anti HIV: stato dell\'arte e prospettive
     future. In Filice, G. (Ed.): *Patogenesi, Diagnosi e Terapia della
     Infezione da HIV*. Milano, Edizioni Ulisse, Segrate, 1998, pp.
     257‑262.

129. Richards, A.L., Giri, A., Iskandriati, D., Pamungkas, J., Sie, A.,
     Rosen, L., Anthony, R.L., and Franchini, G.: Simian T‑lymphotropic
     virus type I infection among wild‑caught Indonesian pig‑tailed
     macaques (*Macaca nemestrina*). *J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.
     Hum. Retrovirol.* 19:542‑545, 1998.

130. Tschachler, E., Reitz, M.S., Jr., and Franchini, G.: Human
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131. Leno, M., Carter, L., Venzon, D.J., Romano, J., Markham, P.D.,
     Limbach, K., Tartaglia, J., Paoletti, E., Benson, J., Franchini,
     G., and Robert‑Guroff, M.: CD8+ lymphocyte antiviral activity in
     monkeys immunized with SIV recombinant poxvirus vaccines: potential
     role in vaccine efficacy. *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses* 15:461‑470,
     1999.

132. Cereseto, A., Washington‑Parks, R., Rivadeneira, and Franchini, G.:
     Limiting amounts of p27kip1 correlates with constitutive activation
     of cyclin E‑CDK2 complex in HTLV‑I‑transformed T‑cells. *Oncogene*
     18:2441‑2450, 1999.

133. Trovato, R., Mulloy, J.C., Johnson, J., Takemoto, S., de Oliveira,
     M.P., and Franchini, G.: A lysine‑to‑arginine change found in
     natural alleles of the HTLV‑I p12I protein greatly influences its
     stability. *J. Virol.* 73:6460-6467, 1999.

134. Slattery, J.P., Franchini, G., and Gessain, A.: Genomic evolution,
     patterns of global dissemination, and interspecies transmission of
     human and simian T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic viruses. *Genome
     Res.* 9:525-40, 1999.

135. Cereseto, A., Kislyakova, T., Washington‑Parks, R., Nicot, C., and
     Franchini, G.: Differential response to genotoxic stress in
     immortalized or transformed HTLV‑I‑infected T‑cells. *J. Gen.
     Virol.* 80:1575-1581, 1999.

136. Ciminale, V., Zotti, L., D=Agostino, D.M., Ferro, T., Casareto, L.,
     Franchini, G., Bernardi, P., Chieco-Bianchi, L.: Mitochondrial
     targeting of the p13II protein encoded by the x-II ORF of human
     T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). *Oncogene*
     18:4505-4514, 1999.

137. Ekholm, D., Mulloy, J.C., Gao, G., Degerman, E., Franchini, G., and
     Manganiello, V.C.: Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE) 3 and
     4 in normal, malignant, and HTLV‑I transformed human lymphocyctes.
     *Biochem. Pharmacol.* 58:935-950, 1999.

138. Franchini, G., Cereseto, A., Tryniszewska, E., Rivadeneira, E.,
     Kislyakova, T., Mulloy, J.C., Takemoto, S., Casareto, L., Nicot,
     C., and Trovato, R.: Telomerase activation, rearrangement, and
     inhibition of cell‑cycle inhibitors in human T‑cells immortalized
     or transformed by HTLV‑I. In Semmes, O.J., and Hammarskjold, M.‑L.
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139. Rivadeneira, E.D., Ferrari, M.G., Jarrett, R.F., Armstrong, A.A.,
     Markham, P., Birkebak, T., Takemoto, S., Johnson‑Delaney, C.,
     Pecon‑Slattery, J., Clark, E.A., and Franchini, G.: A novel
     EBV‑like virus, HVMNE, in a Macaca nemestrina with mycosis
     fungoides. *Blood* 94:2090-2101, 1999.

140. Beer, B.E., Bailes, E., Dapolito, G., Campbell, B.J., Goeken, R.,
     Axthelm, M., Markham, P., Bernard, J., Zagury, D., Franchini, G.,
     Sharp, P., and Hirsch, V.M.: Patterns of genomic sequence diversity
     among their simian immunodeficiency viruses suggest that l=hoest
     monkeys (*Cercopithecus lhoesti*) are a natural lentivirus
     reservoir. *J. Virol.* 74:3892-3989, 2000.

141. Trovato, R., Cereseto, A., Takemoto, S., Gessain, A., Watanabe, T.,
     Waldmann, T., and Franchini, G.: Deletion of the p16^INK4A^ gene in
     *ex vivo* acute ATLL cells and methylation of p16^INK4A^ promoter
     in HTLV-I-infected T-cell lines. *AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses*
     16:709-713, 2000.

142. Takemoto, S., Trovato, R., Cereseto, A., Nicot, C., Kislyakova, T.,
     Casareto, L., Waldmann, T., Torelli, G., and Franchini, G.: p53
     stabilization and functional impairment in the absence of genetic
     mutation or alteration of the p14^ARF^-MDM2 loop in ex vivo and
     cultured ATLL T-cells. *Blood* 15:3939-3944, 2000.

143. Stevceva, L., Abimiku, A., and Franchini, G.: Targeting the mucosa:
     genetically engineered vaccines and mucosal immune responses.
     *Genes and Immunity* 1:308-315, 2000.

144. Nicot, C., Mahieux, R., Takemoto, S., and Franchini, G.: Bcl-XL is
     upregulated by HTLV type I and type II in vitro and in ex vivo ATLL
     samples. *Blood* 96:275-281, 2000.

145. Kuroda, M.J., Schmitz, J.E., Lekutis, C., Nickerson, C.E., Lifton,
     M.A., Franchini, G., Harouse, J.M., Cheng-Mayer, C., and Letvin,
     N.L.: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope epitope‑specific
     CD4(+) T lymphocytes in simian/human immunodeficiency
     virus‑infected and vaccinated rhesus monkeys detected using a
     peptide‑major histocompatibility complex class II tetramer.
     *Journal of Virology* 74:8751-8756, 2000.

146. Dekaban, G.A., Peters, A.A., Mulloy, J.C., Johnson, J.M., Trovato,
     R., Rivadeneira, E., and Franchini, G.: The HTLV‑I orf I protein is
     recognized by serum antibodies from naturally infected humans and
     experimentally infected rabbits. *Virology* 274:86-93, 2000.

147. Dekaban, G. A., Peters, A., Arp, J., and Franchini, G.: Vaccine
     development against HTLV‑I in human retroviral infection:
     immunological and molecular theories. In Ugen, K., Bendinelli, M.,
     and Friedman, H. (Eds.): *Infectious Agents and Pathogenesis*. New
     York: Plenum Publishing, 2000, pp. 109-142.

148. Margolis, L., Glushakova, S., Chougnet, C., Shearer, G., Markham,
     P., Robert-Guroff, M., Benveniste, R., Miller, C.J., Cranage, M.,
     Hirsch, V., and Franchini, G.: Replication of simian
     immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in ex vivo lymph nodes as a means to
     assess susceptibility of macaques in vivo. *Virology* 275:391-397,
     2000.

149. Nicot, C., Mahieux, R., Opavsky, R., Cereseto, A., Wolff, L.,
     Brandy, J.N., and Franchini, G.: HTLV-I Tax transrepresses the
     human c-Myb promoter independently of its interaction with CBP or
     p300. *Oncogene* 19:2155-2164, 2000.

150. Hel, Z., Poudyal, M., Tsai, W.-P., Giuliani, L., Woodward, R.,
     Chougnet, C., Shearer, G., Altman, J., Watkins, D., Bischofberger,
     N., Abimiku, A., Markham, P., Tartaglia, J., and Franchini, G.:
     Viremia control following antiretroviral treatment and therapeutic
     immunization during primary SIV251 infection of macaques. *Nature
     Medicine* 6:1140-1146, 2000. Commentary in: Walker, B.D., and
     Rosenberg, E.S.: Containing HIV after infection. *Nature Medicine*
     6:1094-1095, 2000.

151. Nicot, C., Opavsky, R., Mahieux, R., Johnson, J.M., Brady, J.N.,
     Wolff, L., and Franchini, G.: Tax oncoprotein trans-represses
     endogenous B-Myb promoter activity in human T-cells. *AIDS Research
     and Human Retroviruses* 16:1629-1632, 2000.

152. Patterson, L.J., Peng, B., Abimiku, A.G., Aldrich, K., Murty, L.,
     Markham, P.D., Kalyanaraman, V.S., Alvord, W.G., Tartaglia, J.,
     Franchini, G., and Robert-Guroff, M.: Cross-protection in
     NYVAC-HIV-1 immunized/HIV-2 challenged but not in NYVAC-HIV-2
     immunized/SHIV challenged rhesus macaques. *AIDS* 14:2445-2455,
     2000.

153. Johnson, J.M., Mulloy, J.C., Ciminale, V., Fullen, J., Nicot, C.,
     and Franchini, G.: The MHC class I heavy chain is a common target
     of the small proteins encoded by the 3\' end of HTLV-1 and -2.
     *AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses* 16:1777-1781, 2000.

154. D=Agostino, D.M., Zotti, L., Ferro, T., Franchini, G.,
     Chieco-Bianchi, L., and Ciminale, V.: The p13II protein of HTLV
     type 1: comparison with mitochondrial proteins encoded by other
     human viruses. *AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses* 16:1765-1770,
     2000.

155. Franchini, G., Ambinder, R.F., and Barry, M.: Viral disease in
     hematology. In: *Education Book*. Washington, D.C.: American
     Society of Hematology, 2000, pp. 409-423.

156. Tartaglia, J., Benson, J., Cornet, B., Cox, W.I., El Habib, R.,
     Excler, J.-L., Franchini, G., Goebel, S., Jacobs, B.L., Klein, M.,
     Limbach, K., Martinez, H., Meignier, B., Pincus, S., and Plotkin,
     S.: Potential improvements for poxvirus-based immunization
     vehicles. In Girard, M., and Dodet, B., (Eds.): *Onzieme Colloque
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157. Kazanji, M., Tartaglia, J., Franchini, G., de Thoisy, B., Talarmin,
     A., Contamin, H., Gessain, A., and de The, G.: Immunogenicity and
     protective efficacy of recombinant HTLV-I NYVAC and naked DNA
     vaccine candidates in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). *Journal
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158. Johnson, J.M., Nicot, C., Fullen, J., Ciminale, V., Casareto, L.,
     Mulloy, J.C., Jacobson, S., and Franchini, G.: Free major
     histocompatibility complex class I heavy chain is preferentially
     targeted for degradation by HTLV-1 p12^I^ protein. *Journal of
     Virology* 75: 6086-6094, 2001.

159. Nicot, C., Mulloy, J.C., Ferrari, M.G., Johnson, J.M., Fu, K.,
     Fukumoto, R., Trovato, R., Fullen, J., Leonard, W.J., and
     Franchini, G.: The HTLV-1 p12^I^ protein enhances STAT5 activation
     and decreases the IL-2 requirement for proliferation of primary
     human PBMC. *Blood* 98: 823-829, 2001.

160. Johnson JM, Harrod R, Franchini G. Molecular biology and
     pathogenesis of the human T-cell leukaemia/lymphotropic virus
     type-1 (HTLV-1). Int J Exp Pathol. 2001 Jun;82(3):135‑47.

161. Stevceva L, Tryniszewska E, Hel Z, Nacsa J, Kelsall B, Washington
     Parks R, Franchini G. Differences in time of virus appearance in
     the blood and virus‑specific immune responses in intravenous and
     intrarectal primary SIVmac251 infection of rhesus macaques; a pilot
     study. BMC Infect Dis 2001;1(1):9.

162. Ferrari MG, Rivadeneira ED, Jarrett R, Stevceva L, Takemoto S,
     Markham P, Franchini G. HV~MNE~, a novel lymphocryptovirus related
     to Epstein-Barr virus, induces lymphoma in New Zealand white
     rabbits. Blood. 2001 Oct 1;98(7):2193‑9.

163. Nicot C, Mahieux R, Pise-Masison C, Brady J, Gessain A, Yamaoka S,
     Franchini G. HTLV-I Tax represses c-Myb-dependent transcription
     through activation of the NF-kappa B pathway and modulation of
     coactivator usage. Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Nov;21(21):7391‑402.

164. Hel Z, Nacsa J, Kelsall B, Tsai WP, Letvin N, Parks RW,
     Tryniszewska E, Picker L, Lewis MG, Edghill-Smith Y, Moniuszko M,
     Pal R, Stevceva L, Altman JD, Allen TM, Watkins D, Torres JV,
     Berzofsky JA, Belyakov IM, Strober W, Franchini G. Impairment of
     Gag-specific CD8+ T cell function in mucosal and systemic
     compartments of SIVmac251 and SHIVKU2 infected macaques. J Virol
     2001 Dec;75(23):11483‑95.

165. Belyakov IM, Hel Z, Kelsall B, Kuznetsov VA, Ahlers JD, Nacsa J,
     Watkins DI, Allen TM, Sette A, Altman J, Woodward R, Markham PD,
     Clements JD, Franchini G, Strober W, Berzofsky JA. Mucosal AIDS
     vaccine reduces disease and viral load in gut reservoir and blood
     after mucosal infection of macaques. Nat Med 2001 Dec;7(12):1320‑6.

166. Hel Z, Tsai WP, Thornton A, Nacsa J, Giuliani L, Tryniszewska E,
     Poudyal M, Venzon D, Wang X, Altman J, Watkins DI, Lu W, von
     Gegerfelt A, Felber BK, Tartaglia J, Pavlakis GN, Franchini G.
     Potentiation of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV)‑Specific CD4(+)
     and CD8(+) T Cell Responses by a DNA‑SIV and NYVAC‑SIV Prime/Boost
     Regimen. J Immunol 2001 Dec 15;167(12):7180‑7191.

167. Stevceva L, Kelsall B, Nacsa J, Moniuszko M, Hel Z, Tryniszewska E,
     Franchini G. Cervicovaginal Lamina Propria Lymphocytes: Phenotypic
     Characterization and Their Importance in Cytotoxic T‑Lymphocyte
     Responses to Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIV(mac251). J Virol
     2002 Jan 1;76(1):9‑18.

168. Pal R, Venzon D, Letvin NL, Santra S, Montefiori DC, Miller NR,
     Tryniszewska E, Lewis MG, VanCott TC, Hirsch V, Woodward R, Gibson
     A, Grace M, Dobratz E, Markham PD, Hel Z, Nacsa J, Klein M,
     Tartaglia J, Franchini G. ALVAC‑SIV‑gag‑pol‑env‑Based Vaccination
     and Macaque Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (A\*01) Delay
     Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIV(mac)‑Induced Immunodeficiency. J
     Virol 2002 Jan 1;76(1):292‑302.

169. Pombo‑de‑Oliveira MS, Dobbin JA, Loureiro P, Borducchi D, Maia RC,
     Fernandes MA, Cavalcanti GB, Takemoto S, Franchini G. Genetic
     mutation and early onset of T‑cell leukemia in pediatric patients
     infected at birth with HTLV‑I. Leuk Res 2002 Feb;26(2):155‑61.

170. Mothe BR, Horton H, Carter DK, Allen TM, Liebl ME, Skinner P, Vogel
     TU, Fuenger S, Vielhuber K, Rehrauer W, Wilson N, Franchini G,
     Altman JD, Haase A, Picker LJ, Allison DB, Watkins DI. Dominance of
     CD8 responses specific for epitopes bound by a single major
     histocompatibility complex class I molecule during the acute phase
     of viral infection. J Virol 2002 Jan;76(2):875‑84.

171. Santra S, Schmitz JE, Kuroda MJ, Lifton MA, Nickerson CE, Lord CI,
     Pal R, Franchini G, Letvin NL. Recombinant Canarypox
     Vaccine‑Elicited CTL Specific for Dominant and Subdominant Simian
     Immunodeficiency Virus Epitopes in Rhesus Monkeys. J Immunol 2002
     Feb 15;168(4):1847‑53.

172. Nicot CP, Johnson JM, Franchini G. HTLV-I. In Wiley Encyclopedia of
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173. Hel Z, Johnson JM, Tryniszewska E, Tsai W-P, Harrod R, Fullen J,
     Tartaglia J, Franchini G. A novel chimeric Rev, Tat, and Nef
     (Retanef) antigen as a component of an SIV/HIV vaccine. Vaccine.
     2002 Aug 19;20(25‑26):3171-3186.

174. Johnson JM, Franchini G. Retroviral proteins that target the major
     histocompatibility complex class I. Virus Res. 2002 Sep
     88(1-2):119-127.

175. Stevceva L, Alvarez X, Lackner AA, Tryniszewska E, Kelsall B, Nacsa
     J, Tartaglia J, Strober W, Franchini G. Both Mucosal and Systemic
     Routes of Immunization with the Live, Attenuated NYVAC/Simian
     Immunodeficiency Virus SIV(gpe) Recombinant Vaccine Result in
     Gag‑Specific CD8(+) T‑Cell Responses in Mucosal Tissues of
     Macaques. J Virol 2002 Nov 15;76(22):11659‑11676.

176. Hel Z, Nacsa J, Tryniszewska E, Tsai WP, Parks RW, Montefiori DC,
     Felber BK, Tartaglia J, Pavlakis GN, Franchini G. Containment of
     Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Vaccinated Macaques:
     Correlation with the Magnitude of Virus‑Specific Pre‑ and
     Postchallenge CD4(+) and CD8(+) T Cell Responses. J Immunol 2002
     Nov 1;169(9):4778‑4787.

177. Tryniszewska E, Nacsa J, Lewis MG, Silvera P, Montefiori D, Venzon
     D, Hel Z, Parks RW, Moniuszko M, Tartaglia J, Smith KA,
     Franchini G. Vaccination of Macaques with Long‑Standing SIVmac251
     Infection Lowers the Viral Set Point After Cessation of
     Antiretroviral Therapy. J Immunol 2002 Nov 1;169(9):5347‑5357.

178. Hel Z, Tryniszewska E, Tsai WP, Johnson JM, Harrod R, Fullen J,
     Kalyanaraman VS, Altman JD, McNally J, Karpova T, Felber BK,
     Tartaglia J, Franchini G. Design and In Vivo Immunogenicity of a
     Polyvalent Vaccine Based on SIVmac Regulatory Genes. DNA Cell Biol
     2002 Sep;21(9):619‑26.

179. Franchini G, Nacsa J, Hel Z, Tryniszewska E. Immune intervention
     strategies for HIV‑1 infection of humans in the SIV macaque model.
     Vaccine 2002 Dec 19;20 Suppl 4:A52‑60.

180. Hel Z, Nacsa J, Tsai WP, Thornton A, Giuliani L, Tartaglia J,
     Franchini G. Equivalent Immunogenicity of the Highly Attenuated
     Poxvirus‑Based ALVAC‑SIV and NYVAC‑SIV Vaccine Candidates in
     SIVmac251‑Infected Macaques. Virology 2002 Dec 5;304(1):125‑34.

181. Nacsa J, Stanton J, Kunstman KJ, Tsai WP, Watkins DI, Wolinsky SM,
     Franchini G. Emergence of cytotoxic T lymphocyte escape mutants
     following antiretroviral treatment suspension in rhesus macaques
     infected with SIVmac251. Virology 2003 Jan 5;305(1):210‑8.

182. Fry TJ, Moniuszko M, Creekmore S, Donohue SJ, Douek DC, Giardina S,
     Hecht TT, Hill BJ, Komschlies K, Tomaszewski J, Franchini G,
     Mackall CL. IL-7 therapy dramatically alters peripheral T-cell
     homeostasis in normal and SIV-infected nonhuman primates. Blood
     2003 Mar 15;101(6):2294-2299.

183. Harrod R, Nacsa J, Van Lint C, Hansen J, Karpova T, McNally J,
     Franchini G. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Tat/Co-activator
     Acetyltransferase Interactions Inhibit p53Lys-320 Acetylation and
     p53-responsive Transcription. J Biol Chem 2003 Apr
     4;278(14):12310-12318.

184. Johnson JM, Fukumoto R, Franchini G. Functional role of the HTLV-1
     p12^I^ protein. In Sugamura K, Uchiyama T, Matsuoka M, Kannagi M
     (Eds.): *Two Decades of Adult T-Cell Leukemia and HTLV-1 Research*.
     Tokyo, Japan Scientific Societies Press, and Basel, Switzerland, S.
     Karger AG, 2003, pp. 103-113.

185. Franchini G. Modeling immune intervention strategies for HIV-1
     infection of humans in the macaque model. Clinical and Applied
     Immunology Reviews 2003 May;3(6):289-306.

186. Little RF, Pittaluga S, Grant N, Steinberg SM, Kavlick MF, Mitsuya
     H, Franchini G, Gutierrez M, Raffeld M, Jaffe ES, Shearer G,
     Yarchoan R, Wilson WH. Highly effective treatment of acquired
     immunodeficiency syndrome-related lymphoma with dose-adjusted
     EPOCH: impact of antiretroviral therapy suspension and tumor
     biology. Blood. 2003 Jun 15;101(12):4653-9.

187. Belyakov IM, Earl P, Dzutsev A, Kuznetsov VA, Lemon M, Wyatt LS,
     Snyder JT, Ahlers JD, Franchini G, Moss B, Berzofsky JA. Shared
     modes of protection against poxvirus infection by attenuated and
     conventional smallpox vaccines viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003
     Aug 5;100(16):9458-9463.

188. Radaelli A, Nacsa J, Tsai WP, Edghill-Smith S, Zanotto C, Elli V,
     Venzon D, Tryniszewska E, Markham P, Mazzara GP, Panicali D, De
     Giuli Morghen C, Franchini G. Prior DNA Immunization Enhances
     Immune Response to Dominant and Subdominant Viral Epitopes Induced
     by a Fowlpox-Based SIVmac Vaccine in Long-Term Slow-Progressor
     Macaques Infected with SIVmac251. Virology 2003 Jul
     20;312(1):181-195.

189. Edghill-Smith Y, Venzon D, Karpova T, McNally J, Nacsa J, Tsai W-P,
     Tryniszewska E, Moniuszko M, Manischewitz J, King LR, Snodgrass SJ,
     Parrish J, Markham P, Sowers M, Martin D, Lewis MG, Berzofsky JA,
     Belyakov IM, Moss B, Tartaglia J, Bray M, Hirsch V, Golding H,
     Franchini G. Modeling a safer smallpox-vaccination regimen, for
     human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients, in
     immunocompromised macaques. J Infect Dis 2003 Oct
     15;188(8):1181-91.

190. Moniuszko M, Brown C, Pal R, Tryniszewska E, Tsai WP, Hirsch VM,
     Franchini G. High frequency of virus-specific CD8+ T cells in the
     central nervous system of macaques chronically infected with
     SIVmac251. J Virol 2003 Nov 15;77(22):12346-51.

191. Franchini G, Nicot C, Johnson JM. Seizing of T-cells by human
     T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1. In Vande Woude GF, Klein G
     (Eds.): *Advances in Cancer Research*. San Diego, Academic Press,
     2003, pp. 69-132.

192. Franchini G, Fukumoto R, Fullen JR. T-cell control by human T-cell
     leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1. Int J Hematol 2003
     Nov;78(4):280-96.

193. Ferrari MG, Stevceva L, Markham P, Franchini G. Species-specific
     transformation of T cells by HV~MNE~. Virology. 2003 Dec
     20;317(2):299-307.

194. Nacsa J, Radaelli A, Edghill-Smith Y, Venzon D, Tsai WP, De Giuli
     Morghen C, Panicali D, Tartaglia J, Franchini G. Avipox-based SIV
     vaccines elicit a high frequency of SIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+
     T-cell responses in vaccinia-experienced SIVmac251-infected
     macaques. Vaccine. 2004 Jan 26; 22(5-6): 598-607.

195. Nicot C, Dundr M, Johnson JM, Fullen JR, Alonzo N, Fukumoto R,
     Princler GL, Derse D, Misteli T, Franchini G. HTLV-1-encoded
     p30(II) is a post-transcriptional negative regulator of viral
     replication. Nat Med. 2004 Feb;10(2):197-201.

196. Stevceva L, Moniuszko M, Alvarez X, Lackner AA, Franchini G.
     Functional simian immunodeficiency virus Gag-specific CD8+
     intraepithelial lymphocytes in the mucosae of SIVmac251- or
     simian-human immunodeficiency virus KU2-infected macaques.
     Virology. 2004 Feb 20;319(2):190-200.

197. Belshe R, Franchini G, Girard MP, Gotch F, Kaleebu P, Marthas ML,
     McChesney MB, McCullough R, Mhalu F, Salmon-Ceron D, Sekaly RP, van
     Rompay K, Verrier B, Wahren B, Weissenbacher M. Support for the
     RV144 HIV vaccine trial. Science. 2004 Jul 9;305(5681):177-80.

198. Franchini G, Gurunathan S, Baglyos L, Plotkin S, Tartaglia J.
     Poxvirus-based vaccine candidates for HIV: two decades of
     experience with special emphasis on canarypox vectors. Expert Rev
     Vaccines. 2004 Aug;3 Suppl 1:S75-88.

199. Moniuszko M, Fry T, Tsai WP, Morre M, Assouline B, Cortez P, Lewis
     MG, Cairns S, Mackall C, Franchini G. Recombinant interleukin-7
     induces proliferation of naive macaque CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in
     vivo. J Virol 2004 Sep;78(18):9740-49.

200. Younis I, Khair L, Dundr M, Lairmore MD, Franchini G, Green PL.
     Repression of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 and type 2
     replication by a viral mRNA-encoded posttranscriptional regulator.
     J Virol. 2004 Oct;78(20):11077-83.

201. Price DA, West SM, Betts MR, Ruff LE, Brenchley JM, Ambrozak DR,
     Edghill-Smith Y, Kuroda MJ, Bogdan D, Kunstman K, Letvin NL,
     Franchini G, Wolinsky SM, Koup RA, Douek DC. T cell receptor
     recognition motifs govern immune escape patterns in acute SIV
     infection. Immunity. 2004 Dec;21(6):793-803.

202. **Edghill-Smith Y, Bray M, Whitehouse CA, Miller D, Mucker E,
     Manischewitz J, King LR, Robert-Guroff M, Hryniewicz A, Venzon D,
     Meseda C, Weir J, Nalca A, Livingston V, Wells J, Lewis MG, Huggins
     J, Zwiers SH, Golding H, Franchini G. Smallpox Vaccine Does Not
     Protect Macaques with AIDS from a Lethal Monkeypox Virus Challenge.
     J Infect Dis. 2005 Feb 1;191(3):372-81. Epub 2005 Jan 04.**

203. **Van Rompay KK, Abel K, Lawson JR, Singh RP, Schmidt KA, Evans T,
     Earl P, Harvey D, Franchini G, Tartaglia J, Montefiori D,
     Hattangadi S, Moss B, Marthas ML. Attenuated Poxvirus-Based Simian
     Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Vaccines Given in Infancy Partially
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204. **Franchini G. Human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1: playing
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205. **Nacsa J, Edghill-Smith Y, Tsai WP, Venzon D, Tryniszewska E,
     Hryniewicz A, Moniuszko M, Kinter A, Smith KA, Franchini G.
     Contrasting Effects of Low-Dose IL-2 on Vaccine-Boosted Simian
     Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV)-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells in
     Macaques Chronically Infected with SIVmac251. J Immunol. 2005 Feb
     15;174(4):1913-21.**

206. **Moniuszko M, Bogdan D, Pal R, Venzon D, Stevceva L, Nacsa J,
     Tryniszewska E, Edghill-Smith Y, Wolinsky S, Franchini G.
     Correlation between viral RNA levels but not immune responses in
     plasma and tissues of macaques with long-standing SIVmac251
     infection. Virology. 2005 Mar 1;333(1):159-168.**

207. **Murphy E, Jacobson S, Franchini G, Taylor GP, Hanchard B, Morgan
     O, Lairmore M. International Retrovirology Association brings
     together scientists and clinicians to bridge discoveries about
     human T-lymphotropic viruses from the laboratory to clinical
     trials. Retrovirology. 2005 Mar 29;2(1):22.**

208. **Edghill-Smith Y, Golding H, Manischewitz J, King LR, Scott D,
     Bray M, Nalca A, Hooper JW, Whitehouse CA, Schmitz JE, Reimann KA,
     Franchini G. Smallpox vaccine-induced antibodies are necessary and
     sufficient for protection against monkeypox virus. Nat Med. 2005
     Jul;11(7):740-747.**

209. **Vaccari M, Trindade CJ, Venzon D, Zanetti M, Franchini G.
     Vaccine-Induced CD8+ Central Memory T Cells in Protection from
     Simian AIDS. J Immunol. 2005 Sep 15;175(6):3502-7.**

210. **Nicot C, Harrod RL, Ciminale V, Franchini G. Human T-cell
     leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 nonstructural genes and their
     functions. Oncogene. 2005 Sep 5;24(39):6026-34.**

211. **Hel Z, Tsai WP, Tryniszewska E, Nacsa J, Markham PD, Lewis MG,
     Pavlakis GN, Felber BK, Tartaglia J, Franchini G. Improved vaccine
     protection from simian AIDS by the addition of nonstructural simian
     immunodeficiency virus genes. J Immunol. 2006 Jan 1;176(1):85-96.**

212. **Pal R, Venzon D, Santra S, Kalyanaraman VS, Montefiori DC, Hocker
     L, Hudacik L, Rose N, Nacsa J, Edghill-Smith Y, Moniuszko M, Hel Z,
     Belyakov IM, Berzofsky JA, Parks RW, Markham PD, Letvin NL,
     Tartaglia J, Franchini G. Systemic immunization with an
     ALVAC-HIV-1/protein boost vaccine strategy protects rhesus macaques
     from CD4+ T cell loss and reduces both systemic and mucosal SHIVKU2
     RNA levels. J Virol. 2006 Apr;80(8):3732-42.**

213. **Belyakov IM, Kuznetsov VA, Kelsall B, Klinman D, Moniuszko M,
     Lemon M, Markham PD, Pal R, Clements JD, Lewis MG, Strober W,
     Franchini G, Berzofsky JA. Impact of vaccine-induced mucosal high
     avidity CD8+ CTL in delay of AIDS-viral dissemination from mucosa.
     Blood. 2006 Apr 15;107(8):3258-3264.**

214. **Heraud JM, Edghill-Smith Y, Ayala V, Kalisz I, Parrino J,
     Kalyanaraman VS, Manischewitz J, King LR, Hryniewicz A, Trindade
     CJ, Hassett M, Tsai WP, Venzon D, Nalca A, Vaccari M, Silvera P,
     Bray M, Graham BS, Golding H, Hooper JW, Franchini G. Subunit
     Recombinant Vaccine Protects against Monkeypox. J Immunol. 2006 Aug
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215. **Zanetti M, Franchini G. T cell memory and protective immunity by
     vaccination: is more better? Trends Immunol. 2006 Nov;27(11):511-7.
     Epub 2006 Sep 25.**

216. **Boasso A, Vaccari M, Nilsson J, Shearer GM, Andersson J,
     Cecchinato V, Chougnet C, Franchini G. Do regulatory T-cells play a
     role in AIDS pathogenesis? AIDS Rev. 2006 Jul-Sep;8(3):141-7.**

217. **Hryniewicz A, Boasso A, Edghill-Smith Y, Vaccari M, Fuchs D,
     Venzon D, Nacsa J, Betts MR, Tsai WP, Heraud JM, Beer B, Blanset D,
     Chougnet C, Lowy I, Shearer GM, Franchini G. CTLA-4 blockade
     decreases TGF-{beta}, indoleamine 2,3- dioxygenase, and viral RNA
     expression in tissues of SIVmac251-infected macaques. Blood. 2006
     Dec;108(12):3834-42.**

218. **Nilsson J, Boasso A, Velilla PA, Zhang R, Vaccari M, Franchini G,
     Shearer GM, Andersson J, Chougnet C. HIV-1 driven regulatory T cell
     accumulation in lymphoid tissues is associated with disease
     progression in HIV/AIDS. Blood. 2006 Dec 1;108(12):3808-17.**

219. **Moniuszko M, Edghill-Smith Y, Venzon D, Stevceva L, Nacsa J,
     Tryniszewska E, Tsai WP, Franchini G. Decreased number of CD4(+)
     and CD8(+) T cells that express the interleukin-7 receptor in blood
     and tissues of SIV-infected macaques. Virology. 2006
     Dec;356(1-2):188-97.**

220. **Ghorbel S, Sinha-Datta U, Dundr M, Brown M, Franchini G, Nicot C.
     Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type I p30 Nuclear/Nucleolar Retention
     Is Mediated through Interactions with RNA and a Constituent of the
     60 S Ribosomal Subunit. J Biol Chem. 2006 Dec 1;281(48):37150-8.
     Epub 2006 Sep 28.**

221. **von Gegerfelt AS, Rosati M, Alicea C, Valentin A, Roth P, Bear J,
     Franchini G, Albert PS, Bischofberger N, Boyer JD, Weiner DB,
     Markham P, Israel ZR, Eldridge JH, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK.
     Long-lasting Decrease of Viremia in Chronically SIVmac251-infected
     Macaques After Therapeutic DNA Immunization. J Virol. 2007
     Feb;81(4):1972-9. Epub 2006 Nov 29.**

222. **Mario Clerici, Monica Vaccari, Adriano Boasso, Valentina
     Cecchinato, Gene Shearer, and Genoveffa Franchini. The PD-1/PDL-1
     pathway: another magic bullet for HIV therapy? Hot News column.
     AIDS Rev. 2006 Oct-Nov;8(4):173-4.**

223. **Lairmore MD, Franchini G. Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus
     types 1 and 2. In Knipe DM, Howley PM (Eds.): *Fields Virology*.
     Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007, pp. 2071-2106.**

224. **Hryniewicz A, Price DA, Moniuszko M, Boasso A, Edghill-Spano Y,
     West SM, Venzon D, Vaccari M, Tsai WP, Tryniszewska E, Nacsa J,
     Villinger F, Ansari AA, Trindade CJ, Morre M, Brooks D, Arlen P,
     Brown HJ, Kitchen CM, Zack JA, Douek DC, Shearer GM, Lewis MG, Koup
     RA, Franchini G. Interleukin-15 but not interleukin-7 abrogates
     vaccine-induced decrease in virus level in simian immunodeficiency
     virusmac251-infected macaques. J Immunol. 2007 Mar
     15;178(6):3492-504.**

225. **Petrovas C, Price DA, Mattapallil J, Ambrozak DR, Geldmacher C,
     Cecchinato V, Vaccari M, Tryniszewska E, Gostick E, Roederer M,
     Douek DC, Morgan SH, Davis SJ, Franchini G, Koup RA. SIV-specific
     CD8+T-cells express high levels of PD1 and cytokines but have
     impaired proliferative capacity in acute and chronic SIVmac251
     infection. Blood. 2007 Aug 1;110(3):928-36. Epub 2007 Apr 17.**

226. **Fukumoto R, Dundr M, Nicot C, Adams A, Valeri VW, Samelson LE,
     Franchini G. Inhibition of TCR Signal Transduction and Viral
     Expression by the Linker for Activation of T Cells--Interacting
     p12I Protein of HTLV-1. J Virol. 2007 Sep;81(17):9088-99. Epub 2007
     Jun 20.**

227. **Boasso A, Vaccari M, Hryniewicz A, Fuchs D, Nacsa J, Cecchinato
     V, Andersson J, Franchini G, Shearer GM, Chougnet C. Regulatory T
     cell markers, indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase and virus levels in
     spleen and gut during progressive SIV infection. J Virol. 2007
     Sep;81(17):9088-99. Epub 2007 Jun 20.**

228. **Valentina Cecchinato,Christopher J.Trindade,Arian Laurence,Jean
     Michel Heraud,Jason Brenchley, Elzbieta Tryniszewska,Maria Grazia
     Ferrari, Wen-Po Tsai, Monica Vaccari, Robyn Washington Parks, David
     Venzon, Daniel C. Douek,John J. O'Shea, and Genoveffa Franchini.
     Altered balance between Th17 and Th1 T-cells at mucosal sites
     predicts AIDS progression in simian immunodeficiency virus infecd
     macaques. Mucosal Immunology, May 2008**

229. **Cecchinato V. Tryniszewska E, Ma ZM, Vaccari M, Boasso A, Tsai WP
     ,Petrovas C, Fuchs D, Heraud JM, Venzon D, Shearer GM, Koup RA,
     Lowy I, Miller CJ, Franchini G. Immune activation driven by CTLA-4
     blockade augments viral replication at mucosal sites in simian
     immunodeficiency virus infection. J.Immunol. 2008 Apr 15;180
     (8):5439-47.**

230. **[Kaufman
     DR](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Kaufman DR"%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus),
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     [Holterman
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     [Ewald
     BA](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Ewald BA"%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus),
     [Denholtz
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     [Devoy
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     [Grandpre
     LE](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Grandpre LE"%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus),
     [Heraud
     JM](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Heraud JM"%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus),
     [Franchini
     G](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Franchini G"%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus),
     [Seaman
     MS](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Seaman MS"%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus),
     [Havenga
     MJ](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Havenga MJ"%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus),
     [Barouch
     DH](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=Search&Term="Barouch DH"%5BAuthor%5D&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus).**

     **Differential Antigen Requirements for Protection Against Systemic
     and Intranasal**

     **Vaccinia Virus Challenges in Mice. *J Virol. 2008 Apr 30. \[Epub
     ahead of print\]***

231. **Fukumoto R., Andresen V., Bialuk I., Cecchinato V., Walser J.C.,
     Valeri V., Nauroth J., Gessain A., Nicot C., Franchini G. In vivo
     genetic mutations define predominant functions of the human T-cell
     Leukemia/lymphoma virus p12 protein. 2008,Blood, in press**

232. **Vaccari M., Mattapallil J., Song K., Tsai W.P., Hryniewicz A.,
     Venzon D., Zanetti M., Reimann K.A., Roederer M., Franchini G.
     Reduced protection from SIV afforded by memory CD8+T-cells induced
     by vaccination in condition of CD4+T-cell deficiency. J.Virol,in
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233. **Vaccari M., Boasso A., Ma Z.M., Cecchinato V.,Venzon D. ,Doster
     M.N. Tsai W. P.Shearer G.M.,Fuchs D., Felber B, Pavlakis G, Miller
     J.C.,Franchini G.,CD4+ T-cell Loss and Delayed Expression of
     modulators of Immune Responses at Mucosal Sites of Vaccinated
     Macaques following SIVmac251 infection. Mucosal Immunology, in
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     WORK SUPPORTED BY FRANCHINI LABORATORY

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