March 18, 1999

Mr. Roderick K. Porter

Acting Chief of the International Bureau

Federal Communications Commission

Washington, D.C. 20554

Dear Mr. Porter:

The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) on
behalf of the Executive Branch Agencies, has approved the release of two
documents, a revised preliminary view and a proposal that are both
concerned with WRC-2000 agenda item1.13.

The preliminary view outlines the proposed United States position
concerning the provisional limits adopted in Article **S22** and those
contained in WRC-97 Resolutions **130** and **538**, and the limits in
Article **S21** and WRC-97 Resolution **131** with the intent of
protecting the GSO FSS, GSO BSS, space sciences, and terrestrial
services while allowing the introduction of NGSO FSS systems. The
revisions provided by NTIA specifically deal with aspects of particular
concerns to the government, protection of large earth stations,
terrestrial radiolocation, and space science services.

This proposal for agenda item 1.13 would require coordination between
NGSO FSS transmitting space stations and GSO receive earth stations with
antenna gains greater than a specified value. It also limits the use of
FSS in the 17.3-17.8 Ghz band in Region 2 to GSO systems. Also included
are additions and or modifications to Articles **S5**, **S9**, **S22,**
Appendices **S4,** **S5** and a proposals to require coordination
between NGSO FSS transmitting space stations and GSO receive earth
stations with antenna gains greater than a specified value.

> Sincerely,
>
> *Original Signed by Fred Wentland for*
>
> William T. Hatch
>
> Acting Associate Administrator
>
> Office of Spectrum Management

Enclosures

## RCS 00-270/1WAC/075

## United States Preliminary View for Agenda Item 1.13

**WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.13:** *on the basis of results of the studies
in accordance with Resolutions **130(WRC-97), 131(WRC-97), and
538(WRC-97)**;*

> **1.13.1:** *to review and, if appropriate, revise the power limits
> appearing in Articles **S21** and **S22** in relation to the sharing
> conditions among non-GSO FSS, GSO FSS, GSO broadcasting-satellite
> service (BSS), space sciences and terrestrial services, to ensure the
> feasibility of these power limits and that these limits do not impose
> undue constraints on the development of these systems and services;*
>
> **1.13.2:** *to consider the inclusion in other frequency bands of
> similar limits in Articles **S21** and **S22**, or other regulatory
> approaches to be applied in relation to sharing situations;*

### [ISSUE]{.underline}: Regulatory and technical provisions to enable sharing among non-GSO FSS, GSO FSS, GSO BSS, space sciences and terrestrial services.

[BACKGROUND]{.underline}: WRC-97 adopted provisional power flux density
limits in certain frequency bands which would apply to non-GSO FSS
systems to protect GSO FSS networks, and GSO BSS networks. Resolution
**130 (WRC-97)**, *Use of Non-Geostationary Systems in the
Fixed-Satellite Service in Certain Frequency Bands* and Article
**S22.2** of the Radio Regulations contain provisional limits
corresponding to an interference level caused by one NGSO system in the
frequency bands 10.7-12.75 GHz, 17.8-18.6 GHz, and 19.7-20.2 GHz.
Resolution **538**, *Use of the Frequency Bands Covered by Appendices
**30** and **30A** by Non-GSO Systems in the Fixed-Satellite Service*,
and Article **S22** contain limits corresponding to permissible levels
of interference from a NGSO system into a GSO BSS network. Resolution
**131 (WRC-97)**, *Power Flux-Density Limits Applicable to Non-GSO FSS
Systems for Protection of Terrestrial Services in the Bands 10.7-12.75
GHz and 17.7-19.3 GHz*, and Article **S21** contain limits to protect
terrestrial services. Resolution **131** requests review of the
provisional limits and calls for further study of current pfd limits.

[PRELIMINARY VIEW]{.underline}:

1\. The U.S. continues to review the power limits; both the provisional
limits adopted in Article **S22** and those contained in WRC-97
Resolutions **130** and **538**, and the limits in Article **S21** and
WRC-97 Resolution **131** with the intent of protecting the GSO FSS, GSO
BSS, space sciences, and terrestrial services while allowing the
introduction of NGSO FSS systems.

2\. The APFD definition in the Radio Regulations should be modified to
take into account the normalized directivity of the GSO satellite
antenna. (For ease of computation, the WRC-97 APFD definition did not
take into account the GSO satellite antenna pattern.) The corresponding
APFD limits would consist of different values for the different
frequency bands. Due to the differing spacecraft design practices in Ku
and Ka bands, the satellite reference antenna patterns should also vary
with frequency band.

3\. GSO systems operating in slightly inclined orbits constitute an
important subgroup of all operational satellites and need to be
protected from NGSO interference.

4\. Outside of those bands where provisional power limits were adopted
by WRC-97, no technical basis has been established for consideration by
WRC-2000 of the power limits approach to sharing between and or among
NGSO FSS systems and GSO FSS, GSO BSS, space sciences, and or
terrestrial services systems. Therefore, the U.S. opposes general
application or power limits outside those bands where provisional power
limits were adopted at WRC-97.

5\. Sharing with satellite systems in "quasi-geostationary satellite
orbit" needs to be considered within this agenda item.

Further views are given below grouped by issue.

**NGSO/GSO**

6\. There will be a need for an alternative approach to facilitate
sharing in some specific situations. Transmissions to earth stations
with large antennas need to be protected from NGSO interference. The
provisional epfd limits and associated time allowances do not adequately
protect existing GSO FSS networks with large earth station antennas
(large earth station antennas will be defined as a result of technical
work within the ITU-R. EPFD limits and associated percentages of time
that would provide sufficient protection to GSO networks having large
earth station antennas would be substantially more stringent than limits
that would protect other sensitive links. It is therefore desirable that
GSO networks having large earth station antennas be treated separately
from other sensitive links in order to avoid imposing undue constraints
on the development of NGSO systems while protecting these GSO networks.
The U.S. favors coordination between NGSO FSS networks and these GSO FSS
networks. Regulatory procedures to allow an administration to identify
the need for coordination and initiate the applicable coordination
process are needed and may include additions or modifications to
Articles **S5**, **S9**, **S22** and Appendices **S4** and **S5**.
Thresholds based on GSO earth station antenna gain and protection
criteria might be used in determining a need to coordinate.

**NGSO/BSS**

7\. The study of the provisional power flux-density limits by the ITU-R
and the review of these limits by WRC-2000 must ensure protection of
modifications to the BSS Plans, including currently pending
modifications and future modifications to the Plans.

8\. The majority of BSS systems that have been implemented, or will be
implemented in the future, are modifications to the Plans. In addition,
more than three years can lapse between the submission of Annex 2
information regarding proposed modifications to the Plans by an
administration, and the actual publication of this information by the
BR. This can result in substantial delays in completion of the
modification process, even for modifications of existing frequency
assignments. WRC-97 (in both Resolution **538** and Resolution **721**,
agenda item 1.13) clearly foresaw the need to protect future
modifications to the plans from NGSO FSS systems, and to ensure that
these limits do not impose undue constraints on the development of these
systems and services (as stated in agenda item 1.13).

**NGSO/Terrestrial Services**

9\. Characteristics of radars currently operating in the bands
13.75-14.0 GHz have been examined. Radars operating in the 13.75-14.0
GHz band employ e.i.r.p. values of up to 79 dBW. Interference from these
radiolocation stations to NGSO FSS networks would appear to be probable
and sharing may not be feasible. Footnotes **S5.502**, **S5.503**, and
**S5.503A** were adopted at WRC-92 and WRC-95 to facilitate sharing
between radiolocation, radionavigation, space research, and
fixed-satellite services in this band. Footnote **S5.502** states that
the eirp radiated by a station in the radiolocation or radionavigation
services toward the geostationary orbit may not exceed 59 dBW and that
earth stations in the fixed[-]{.underline}satellite service must have an
eirp at least 68 dBW and a minimum antenna diameter of 4.5 meters, and
the eirp should not exceed 85 dBW,. These restrictions are necessary for
the protection of FSS carriers from radar interference and also minimize
the possibility of unacceptable interference to the space research,
radiolocation and radionavigation services. This delicate balance must
be maintained in order to avoid unacceptable constraints on or
interference to the services involved; therefore the U.S. opposes any
change to footnotes **S5.502** and **S5.503**.

10\. Characteristics of radars currently operating in the band 17.3-17.7
GHz have been examined. Space tracking radars operating in the band
17.3-17.7 GHz employ e.i.r.p. values up to 116 dBW directed at a
satellite over extended periods of time. Sharing was found to be
feasible with GSO FSS systems (Earth-to-space) if the radiolocation
stations limit their emissions toward the geostationary orbit.
Radiolocation station emissions toward a NGSO satellite could be 66 dB
higher than toward the geostationary orbit. Sharing is not feasible
between radiolocation stations and NGSO FSS networks. The U.S. opposes
the introduction of NGSO FSS systems in this band in Region 2 (there is
currently no allocation for the use of the band 17.3-17.8 GHz systems in
Region 2).

**NGSO/Space Science Services**

11\. Earth stations operating in the 13.75-14.0 GHz band are technically
constrained by **S5.502** (minimum size of 4.5 meters; e.i.r.p. at least
68 dBW and should not exceed 85 dBW), **S5.503** (e.i.r.p. density in
the band 13.772-13.778 MHz), and **S5.503A** (FSS shall not cause
harmful interference to radiolocation stations installed on NGSO space
stations in the space research and Earth exploration-satellite services
until January 1, 2000). In addition, there are ITU-R Recommendations
(e.g., ITU-R S.1068 (Fixed-satellite service and
radiolocation/radionavigation services sharing in the band 13.75-14.0
GHz) and ITU-R SA.1071 (Use of the 13.75 to 14.0 GHz band by the space
science services and the fixed-satellite service)) that describe sharing
situations with the fixed-satellite service, including recommended
limitations on the FSS. These footnotes and recommendations will have to
continue to be applied to both GSO and NGSO systems operating in the
band. **(18March99)**

# RCS 00-239p/3 WAC/076 {#rcs-00-239p3-wac076 .unnumbered}

# Proposal for Agenda Item 1.13 {#proposal-for-agenda-item-1.13 .unnumbered}

## on the basis of results of the studies in accordance with Resolutions 130(WRC-97), 131(WRC-97), and 538(WRC-97); {#on-the-basis-of-results-of-the-studies-in-accordance-with-resolutions-130wrc-97-131wrc-97-and-538wrc-97 .unnumbered}

**1.13.1:** *to review and, if appropriate, revise the power limits
appearing in Articles **S21** and **S22** in relation to the sharing
conditions among non-GSO FSS, GSO FSS, GSO broadcasting-satellite
service (BSS), space sciences and terrestrial services, to ensure the
feasibility of these power limits and that these limits do not impose
undue constraints on the development of these systems and services;*

**1.13.2:** *to consider the inclusion in other frequency bands of
similar limits in Articles **S21** and **S22**, or other regulatory
approaches to be applied in relation to sharing situations;*

**Background Information:** WRC-97 adopted provisional power flux
density limits in certain frequency bands which would apply to non-GSO
FSS systems to protect GSO FSS networks, and GSO BSS networks.
Resolution **130** **(WRC-97)**, *Use of Non-Geostationary Systems in
the Fixed-Satellite Service in Certain Frequency Bands* and Article
**S22.2** of the Radio Regulations contain provisional limits
corresponding to an interference level caused by one NGSO system in the
frequency bands 10.7-12.75 GHz, 17.8-18.6 GHz, and 19.7-20.2 GHz.
Resolution **538,** *Use of the Frequency Bands Covered by Appendices
**30** and **30A** by Non-GSO Systems in the Fixed-Satellite Service*,
and Article **S22** contain limits corresponding to permissible levels
of interference level from a NGSO system into a GSO BSS network.
Resolution **131** **(WRC-97),** *Power Flux-Density Limits Applicable
to Non-GSO FSS Systems for Protection of Terrestrial Services in the
Bands 10.7-12.75 GHz and 17.7-19.3 GHz*, and Article **S21** contain
limits to protect terrestrial services. Resolution **131** requests
review of the non-provisional limits and calls for further study of
non-provisional pfd limits.

**Proposals:**

1: Proposals to require coordination between NGSO FSS transmitting space
stations and GSO receive earth stations with antenna gains greater than
a specified value. These proposals include additions and/or
modifications to Articles **S5**, **S9**, S22 and Appendices **S4** and
**S5**.

**S5.441** The use of the bands 4 500-4 800 MHz (space-to-Earth),
6 725-7 025 MHz (Earth-to-space) by the fixed-satellite service shall be
in accordance with the provisions of Appendix **S30B**. The use of the
bands 10.7-10.95 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.2-11.45 GHz (space-to-Earth)
and 12.75-13.25 GHz (Earth-to-space) by geostationary-satellite systems
in the fixed-satellite service shall be in accordance with the
provisions of Appendix** S30B**. The use of the bands 10.7-10.95 GHz
(space-to-Earth), 11.2-11.45 GHz (space-to-Earth), and 12.75-13.25 GHz
(Earth-to-space) by non-geostationary-satellite systems in the
fixed-satellite service ~~shall be in accordance with~~ [is subject
to]{.underline} the provisions of ~~Resolution **130** **(WRC-97)**~~
[**Article S22** and No. **S9.12.** The use of the bands 10.7-10.95 GHz
(space-to-Earth) and 11.2-11.45 GHz (space-to-Earth) is subject to the
provisions of No. **S9.16A** and **S9.16B.**]{.underline}

**S5.484A** The use of the bands 10.95-11.2 GHz (space-to-Earth),
11.45-11.7 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.7-12.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) in
Region 2, 12.2-12.75 GHz (space-to-Earth) in Region 3, 12.5-12.75 GHz
(space‑to‑Earth) in Region 1, 13.75-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space),
17.8-18.6 GHz (space-to-Earth), 19.7-20.2 GHz (space-to-Earth),
27.5-28.6 GHz (Earth-to-space), 29.5-30 GHz (Earth-to-space) by
non-geostationary- and geostationary-satellite systems in the
fixed-satellite service is subject to the provisions of ~~Resolution
**130** **(WRC-97**)~~ [Article S22 and No. **S9.12.** The use of the
bands 10.95-11.2 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.45-11.7 GHz (space-to-Earth),
11.7-12.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) in Region 2, 12.2-12.75 GHz
(space-to-Earth) in Region 3, 12.5-12.75 GHz (space‑to‑Earth) in Region
1, 17.8-18.6 GHz (space-to-Earth), and 19.7-20.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) is
subject to the provisions of No. **S9.16A** and **S9.16B.**]{.underline}
~~The use of the band 17.8-18.1 GHz (space-to-Earth) by
non-geostationary fixed-satellite service systems is also subject to the
provisions of Resolution **538 (WRC-97)**.~~

**Reasons:** The references to Resolutions **130 (WRC-97)** and **538
(WRC-97)** were replaced by a reference to Article **S22** where the
non-transitional provisions of these resolutions are contained. The
Article **S9** provisions for stations for which the requirement to
coordinate is included in a footnote to the Table of Frequency
Allocations were specified in order to clarify the requirements for
coordination under the existing No. **S9.12.** The proposed **S9.16A**
and **S9.16B** would require coordination between NGSO FSS transmit
satellites and GSO FSS receive earth stations with large antennas. GSO
FSS earth stations with large antennas are not adequately protected by
the EPFD levels contained in Table **S22-3** and case-by-case
coordination of systems operating co-frequency, co-directional links in
the space-to-Earth direction is required.

**ARTICLE S9**

**Sub-Section IIA - Requirement and request for coordination**

**S9.16A** vi) which is a specific earth station within a
geostationary-satellite network in the fixed-satellite service in
certain frequency bands subject to **S5.441** or **S5.484A,** in respect
of a non-geostationary satellite system in the fixed-satellite service;

**Reasons:** GSO FSS earth stations with large antennas are not
adequately protected by the EPFD levels contained in **Table S22-3** and
case-by-case coordination is required. Since coordination between a NGSO
FSS space station and large GSO FSS earth stations is a new type of
coordination that does not currently exist in Article **S9**, it is
necessary to add two new entry points in Article **S9:**

-   One entry point to enable the NGSO space station administration to
    request coordination with administrations having specific large
    earth station antennas

-   Another entry point to enable the reciprocal coordination to take
    place, i.e. the possibility for an administration planning to
    implement a specific large GSO earth station to request coordination
    with administrations having NGSO FSS transmit space stations.

**S9.16B** vii) which is a non-geostationary-satellite system in the
fixed-satellite service in certain frequency bands subject to **S5.441**
or **S5.484A,** in respect of a specific earth station within a
geostationary satellite network in the fixed-satellite service;

**Reasons:** Same as the reasons for **S9.16A**

TABLE **S22-3**^ZZ^

PART A

TABLE **S22-3**^ZZ^

PART B

[^ZZ^ -For certain receive earth stations, this Table is not applicable
and coordination is required under **S9.16A** and
**S9.16B**.]{.underline}

**Reasons**: The EPFD levels contained in **Table S22-3** do not
adequately protect earth stations in geostationary satellite networks in
the fixed-satellite service with large antenna gains. Case-by-case
coordination is required by the proposed modifications to footnotes
**S5.441** and **S5.484A**.

Since there is no requirement to give the specific locations of earth
stations today, there may need to be a resolution written to have
typical earth stations, already in coordination or notified, that meet
the above criteria to be brought in as specific earth stations. In this
resolution, there will have to be some guidance on priorities.
Additional guidance will need to be added to the *Instructions for
Filling Out the Form of Notice ApS4/II and ApS4/III Relating to Space
Radiocommunication Stations* distributed by CR/65.

MOD TO APPENDIX S4

ANNEX 2B (to Appendix **S4**)

Table of characteristics to be submitted for space and radio astronomy
services

A. General characteristics of the satellite network or the earth station

*(Only these two columns are reproduced. These changes need to be
incorporated into the full table.)*

+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > Items in\                | > Notification or\                      |
| > Appendix                 | > co-ordination of\                     |
|                            | > a GSO network\                        |
|                            | > (including\                           |
|                            | > Appendix **S30B**)                    |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.1.a                    | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.1.b                    |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.1.c                    |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.1.d                    |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.1.e.1                  |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.1.e.2                  |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.1.e.3                  | > [C^ZZ^]{.underline}                   |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.1.e.4                  |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.1.f                    | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.2.a                    | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.2.b                    | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.2.c                    |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.3                      | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.4.a.1                  | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.4.a.2                  | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.4.a.3                  | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.4.a.4                  | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.4.a.5                  | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.4.b                    |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.4.c                    |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.5                      | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.6                      | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.7.a                    | > [C^ZZ^]{.underline}                   |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.7.b                    | > [C^ZZ^]{.underline}                   |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.7.c                    | > [C^ZZ^]{.underline}                   |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.7.d                    | > [C^ZZ^]{.underline}                   |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.8                      |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.9                      |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.10                     |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.11                     |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.12                     |                                         |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| > A.13                     | > X                                     |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+

X Mandatory information

O Optional information

C This information need only be furnished when it has been used as a
basis to effect coordination with another administration

[^ZZ)^ Required for coordination under No. **S9.16A** or
**S9.16B**.]{.underline}

B. Characteristics to be provided for each satellite antenna beam and
for each earth station antenna

+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > Items in\                  | > Notification or\                    |
| > Appendix                   | > coordination of\                    |
|                              | > a GSO network\                      |
|                              | > (including\                         |
|                              | > Appendix **S30B**)                  |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.1                        | > X                                   |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.2                        | > X                                   |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.a                      | > X                                   |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.b.1                    | > X                                   |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.b.2                    | > X                                   |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.c                      | > C                                   |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.d                      | > X                                   |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.e                      | > X                                   |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.f                      | > X                                   |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.g.1                    |                                       |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.g.2                    |                                       |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.g.3                    |                                       |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.g.4                    |                                       |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.g.5                    |                                       |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.g.6                    |                                       |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.3.g.7                    |                                       |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.4.a                      |                                       |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.4.b                      |                                       |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.5.a                      | > [C^ZZ^]{.underline}                 |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.5.b                      | > [C^ZZ^]{.underline}                 |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.5.c                      | > [C^ZZ^]{.underline}                 |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| > B.6                        |                                       |
+------------------------------+---------------------------------------+

X Mandatory information

O Optional information

C This information need only be furnished when it has been used as a
basis to effect coordination with another administration

[^ZZ)^ Required for coordination under No. **S9.16A** or
**S9.16B**.]{.underline}

**Reasons:** This is consequential to proposed modifications to
footnotes **S5.441** and **S5.484A**. Administrations will need to
submit specific earth station information for earth stations associated
with geostationary-satellite networks in the fixed-satellite service
with maximum antenna gains as specified in the proposed addition to
Appendix **S5**.

**APPENDIX S5**

TABLE S5-1 (*continued*)

+---+--------+-----------+-------------+----------+---------+-----------+
|   | Refe   | Case      | Frequency   | Thr      | Calc    | Remarks   |
|   | rence\ |           | bands\      | eshold/c | ulation |           |
|   | of     |           | (and        | ondition | method  |           |
|   | A      |           | Region) of  |          |         |           |
|   | rticle |           | the service |          |         |           |
|   | S9     |           | for which   |          |         |           |
|   |        |           | co          |          |         |           |
|   |        |           | ordination\ |          |         |           |
|   |        |           | is sought   |          |         |           |
+---+--------+-----------+-------------+----------+---------+-----------+
|   | [No.   | [A        | [The        | [        | [i)     | [The      |
|   | **S9.  | specific  | following   | Conditio | compare | th        |
|   | 16A**\ | earth     | frequency   | ns:]{.un | fr      | resholds/ |
|   | GSO    | station   | bands       | derline} | equency | c         |
|   | earth  | in a      | subject to  |          | bands   | onditions |
|   | st     | geos      | S**5.441**  | [i)the   | an      | for       |
|   | ation/ | tationary | or          | f        | d]{.und | coo       |
|   | NGSO   | satellite | **S         | requency | erline} | rdination |
|   | s      | network   | 5.484A:**]{ | bands    |         | do not    |
|   | ystem] | in the    | .underline} | overlap  | [ii)    | apply to  |
|   | {.unde | fixed-    |             | and]{.un | use the | typical   |
|   | rline} | satellite | [10.7-11.7  | derline} | maximum | receive   |
|   |        | service   | GHz         |          | antenna | earth     |
|   |        | in        | (space      | [ii) the | gain of | stations  |
|   |        | respect   | -to-Earth), | s        | the     | operating |
|   |        | of a      | 11.7-12.2   | atellite | s       | in        |
|   |        | non-geost | GHz         | network  | pecific | satellite |
|   |        | ationary- | (spac       | using    | receive | networks  |
|   |        | satellite | e-to-Earth) | the      | earth   | using the |
|   |        | system in | in Region   | geostat  | station | geost     |
|   |        | the       | 2,          | ionary-s | in the  | ationary- |
|   |        | fixed-    | 12.         | atellite | ge      | satellite |
|   |        | satellite | 2-12.75 GHz | orbit    | ostatio | o         |
|   |        | ser       | (spac       | has      | nary-sa | rbit.]{.u |
|   |        | vice.]{.u | e-to-Earth) | specific | tellite | nderline} |
|   |        | nderline} | in Region   | receive  | network |           |
|   |        |           | 3,          | earth    | as      |           |
|   |        |           | 12.5-12.75  | stations | given   |           |
|   |        |           | GHz         | with an  | in      |           |
|   |        |           | (spac       | antenna  | A       |           |
|   |        |           | e-to-Earth) | gain     | ppendix |           |
|   |        |           | in Region   | greater  | **S4**  |           |
|   |        |           | 1,          | than or  | dat     |           |
|   |        |           | 17          | equal to | a]{.und |           |
|   |        |           | .8-18.6 GHz | 64 dBi   | erline} |           |
|   |        |           | (space      | for the  |         |           |
|   |        |           | -to-Earth), | f        |         |           |
|   |        |           | and         | requency |         |           |
|   |        |           | 19.7-20.2   | bands    |         |           |
|   |        |           | GHz         | 10       |         |           |
|   |        |           | (space-     | .7-12.75 |         |           |
|   |        |           | to-Earth)]{ | GHz or   |         |           |
|   |        |           | .underline} | 68 dBi   |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | for the  |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | f        |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | requency |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | bands    |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | 1        |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | 7.8-18.6 |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | GHz and  |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | 1        |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | 9.7-20.2 |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | GHz]{.un |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | derline} |         |           |
+---+--------+-----------+-------------+----------+---------+-----------+
|   | [No.   | [A        | [The        | [        | [i)     | [The      |
|   | **S9.  | non-geost | following   | Conditio | compare | t         |
|   | 16B**\ | ationary- | frequency   | ns:]{.un | fr      | hreshold/ |
|   | NGSO   | satellite | bands       | derline} | equency | condition |
|   | s      | system in | subject to  |          | bands   | for       |
|   | ystem/ | the       | S**5.441**  | [i)the   | an      | coo       |
|   | GSO    | fixed-    | or          | f        | d]{.und | rdination |
|   | earth  | satellite | **S         | requency | erline} | do not    |
|   | sta    | service   | 5.484A:**]{ | bands    |         | apply to  |
|   | tion/] | in        | .underline} | overlap  | [ii)    | typical   |
|   | {.unde | respect   |             | and]{.un | use the | receive   |
|   | rline} | of a      | [10.7-11.7  | derline} | maximum | earth     |
|   |        | specific  | GHz         |          | antenna | stations  |
|   |        | earth     | (space      | [ii) the | gain of | operating |
|   |        | station   | -to-Earth), | s        | the     | in        |
|   |        | in a      | 11.7-12.2   | atellite | s       | satellite |
|   |        | geos      | GHz         | network  | pecific | networks  |
|   |        | tationary | (spac       | using    | receive | using the |
|   |        | satellite | e-to-Earth) | the      | earth   | geost     |
|   |        | network   | in Region   | geostat  | station | ationary- |
|   |        | in the    | 2,          | ionary-s | in the  | satellite |
|   |        | fixed     | 12.         | atellite | ge      | o         |
|   |        | satellite | 2-12.75 GHz | orbit    | ostatio | rbit.]{.u |
|   |        | ser       | (spac       | has      | nary-sa | nderline} |
|   |        | vice.]{.u | e-to-Earth) | specific | tellite |           |
|   |        | nderline} | in Region   | receive  | network |           |
|   |        |           | 3,          | earth    | as      |           |
|   |        |           | 12.5-12.75  | stations | given   |           |
|   |        |           | GHz         | with an  | in      |           |
|   |        |           | (spac       | antenna  | A       |           |
|   |        |           | e-to-Earth) | gain     | ppendix |           |
|   |        |           | in Region   | greater  | S4      |           |
|   |        |           | 1,          | than or  | dat     |           |
|   |        |           | 17          | equal to | a]{.und |           |
|   |        |           | .8-18.6 GHz | 64 dBi   | erline} |           |
|   |        |           | (space      | for the  |         |           |
|   |        |           | -to-Earth), | f        |         |           |
|   |        |           | and         | requency |         |           |
|   |        |           | 19.7-20.2   | bands    |         |           |
|   |        |           | GHz         | 10       |         |           |
|   |        |           | (space-     | .7-12.75 |         |           |
|   |        |           | to-Earth)]{ | GHz or   |         |           |
|   |        |           | .underline} | 68 dBi   |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | for the  |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | f        |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | requency |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | bands    |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | 1        |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | 7.8-18.6 |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | GHz and  |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | 1        |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | 9.7-20.2 |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | GHz]{.un |         |           |
|   |        |           |             | derline} |         |           |
+---+--------+-----------+-------------+----------+---------+-----------+

> **Reasons:** This is consequential to proposed changes to footnotes
> **S5.441** and **S5.484A**. Earth stations with large antenna gains as
> defined in the condition/threshold column are not adequately protected
> by the EPFD levels contained in Table **S22-3** and case-by-case
> coordination is required.

2\. Proposal to modify Articles **S5** and **S22** to clarify that there
was no allocation to NGSO FSS (Earth-to-space) in the band 17.3-17.8 GHz
in Region 2. Additionally, sharing studies done since WRC-97 indicate
that the NGSO FSS is not compatible with the existing and allocated
services.

**S5.516** The use of the band[s]{.underline} 17.3-18.1 GHz by
geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service
(Earth-to-space) is limited to feeder links for the
broadcasting-satellite service. For the use of the band 17.3-17.8 GHz in
Region 2 by feeder links for the broadcasting-satellite service in the
band 12.2-12.7 GHz, see Article** S11**. The use of the bands
17.3-18.1 GHz (Earth-to-space) in Regions 1 and 3 and 17.8-18.1 GHz
(Earth-to-space) in Region 2 by non-geostationary-satellite systems in
the fixed-satellite service is subject to the provisions of Resolution
**538 (WRC-97)**. [The use of the band 17.3-17.8 GHz in Region 2 by
systems in the fixed-satellite service (Earth‑to-space) is limited to
geostationary-satellites.]{.underline}

**Reasons:** Additional text to clarify the intent of the footnote.
There is no allocation in the band 17.3-17.8 GHz in Region 2 for NGSO
FSS (Earth-to-space). The possibility of an allocation was to be based
on sharing studies between the NGSO FSS and the existing and planned
services. Studies show that sharing between radiolocation stations and
NGSO FSS networks is not feasible due to severe interference from
operational radiolocation stations and these services are not
compatible. In Region 2, the band 17-3-17.8 GHz is allocated to the BSS
service beginning 1 April 2007. Studies show that transmit NGSO FSS
earth stations are not compatible with receive BSS earth stations.

**ARTICLE S22**

**Space services**

**Section I - Cessation of emissions**

TABLE **S22-1**

+-----------------------+------+-------+--------+--------------------+
| Frequency band        | Ant  | Equiv |        | Reference antenna\ |
| allocated to the      | enna | alent |        | radiation pattern  |
| broadcasting-\        | diam | pfd   |        |                    |
| satellite service     | eter | l     |        |                    |
|                       | (cm) | evel\ |        |                    |
|                       |      | (d    |        |                    |
|                       |      | B(W/m |        |                    |
|                       |      | ^2^/4 |        |                    |
|                       |      | kHz)) |        |                    |
|                       |      | which |        |                    |
|                       |      | may   |        |                    |
|                       |      | not   |        |                    |
|                       |      | be    |        |                    |
|                       |      | exc   |        |                    |
|                       |      | eeded |        |                    |
|                       |      | d     |        |                    |
|                       |      | uring |        |                    |
|                       |      | the   |        |                    |
|                       |      | perce |        |                    |
|                       |      | ntage |        |                    |
|                       |      | of    |        |                    |
|                       |      | time  |        |                    |
|                       |      | shown |        |                    |
+-----------------------+------+-------+--------+--------------------+
|                       |      | 99.7% | 100%   |                    |
+-----------------------+------+-------+--------+--------------------+
| 11.7-12.5 GHz in      | 30\  | --1   | --     | Recommendation\    |
| Region 1,\            | 60\  | 72.3\ | 169.3\ | ITU‑R BO.1213      |
| 11.7-12.2 GHz and\    | 90   | --1   | --     |                    |
| 12.5-12.75 GHz in     |      | 83.3\ | 170.3\ |                    |
| Region 3              |      | --    | -      |                    |
|                       |      | 186.8 | -170.3 |                    |
+-----------------------+------+-------+--------+--------------------+
| 12.2-12.7 GHz in      | 45\  | --1   | --     | § 3.7.2 of Annex 5 |
| Region 2              | 100\ | 74.3\ | 165.3\ | of                 |
|                       | 120\ | --1   | --     | Appendix **S30**   |
|                       | 180  | 86.3\ | 170.3\ |                    |
|                       |      | --1   | --     |                    |
|                       |      | 87.9\ | 170.3\ |                    |
|                       |      | --    | -      |                    |
|                       |      | 191.4 | -170.3 |                    |
+-----------------------+------+-------+--------+--------------------+
| ~~17.3-17.8 GHz in    | ~    |       |        |                    |
| Region 2~~            | ~For |       |        |                    |
|                       | fur  |       |        |                    |
|                       | ther |       |        |                    |
|                       | stu  |       |        |                    |
|                       | dy^1 |       |        |                    |
|                       | )^~~ |       |        |                    |
+-----------------------+------+-------+--------+--------------------+
| ~~^1)^ The            |      |       |        |                    |
| interference from     |      |       |        |                    |
| non-geostationary     |      |       |        |                    |
| fixed-satellite       |      |       |        |                    |
| service (non-GSO FSS) |      |       |        |                    |
| systems into          |      |       |        |                    |
| geostationary         |      |       |        |                    |
| b                     |      |       |        |                    |
| roadcasting-satellite |      |       |        |                    |
| service (GSO BSS)     |      |       |        |                    |
| systems operating in  |      |       |        |                    |
| the frequency bands   |      |       |        |                    |
| 17.3-17.8 GHz relates |      |       |        |                    |
| to the two following  |      |       |        |                    |
| sharing situations:~~ |      |       |        |                    |
|                       |      |       |        |                    |
| ~~-- non-GSO FSS      |      |       |        |                    |
| transmit earth        |      |       |        |                    |
| station into GSO      |      |       |        |                    |
| receive earth         |      |       |        |                    |
| station;~~            |      |       |        |                    |
|                       |      |       |        |                    |
| ~~-- GSO BSS transmit |      |       |        |                    |
| space station into    |      |       |        |                    |
| non-GSO FSS receive   |      |       |        |                    |
| space stations.~~     |      |       |        |                    |
|                       |      |       |        |                    |
| ~~Both situations     |      |       |        |                    |
| need to be studied,   |      |       |        |                    |
| in particular since   |      |       |        |                    |
| coexistence of        |      |       |        |                    |
| receive BSS earth     |      |       |        |                    |
| stations and large    |      |       |        |                    |
| numbers of transmit   |      |       |        |                    |
| non-GSO FSS terminals |      |       |        |                    |
| would not be feasible |      |       |        |                    |
| within the same       |      |       |        |                    |
| country~~             |      |       |        |                    |
+-----------------------+------+-------+--------+--------------------+

**Reasons:** WRC-97 did not allow NGSO FSS (space-to-Earth) systems to
operate in the band 17.3-17.8 GHz in Region 2. Equivalent pfd (EPFD)
levels, as given in **Table S22-1**, are only applicable to NGSO
space-to-Earth operations. In addition, there is no allocation in the
band 17.3-17.8 GHz in Region 2 for NGSO FSS (Earth-to-space). The
possibility of an allocation was to be based on sharing studies between
the NGSO FSS and the existing and planned services. In Region 2, the
band 17-3-17.8 GHz is allocated to the BSS service beginning 1 April
2007. Studies show that transmit NGSO FSS earth stations are not
compatible with receive BSS earth stations. Thus, this modification to
**Table S22-1** is also consequential to the proposed modification to
footnote **S5.516.**

3\. Proposal to NOC footnotes in Article S5 in the band 13.75-14.0 GHz
to maintain the delicate sharing situation between the fixed-satellite,
radiolocation, radionavigation, and space research/Earth
exploration-satellite services.

**S5.502** In the band 13.75 - 14 GHz, the e.i.r.p. of any emission from
an earth station in the fixed-satellite service shall be at least 68
dBW, and should not exceed 85 dBW, with a minimum antenna diameter of
4.5 metres. In addition the e.i.r.p., averaged over one second, radiated
by a station in the radiolocation or radionavigation services towards
the geostationary-satellite orbit shall not exceed 59 dBW.

**S5.503** In the band 13.75 - 14 GHz, geostationary space stations in
the space research service for which information for advance publication
has been received by the Bureau prior to 31 January 1992 shall operate
on an equal basis with stations in the fixed-satellite service; after
that date, new geostationary space stations in the space research
service will operate on a secondary basis. The e.i.r.p. density of
emissions from any earth station in the fixed-satellite service shall
not exceed 71 dBW in any 6 MHz band in the frequency range 13.772 -
13.778 GHz until those geostationary space stations in the space
research service for which information for advance publication has been
received by the Bureau prior to 31 January 1992 cease to operate in this
band. Automatic power control may be used to increase the e.i.r.p.
density above 71 dBW in any 6 MHz band in this frequency range to
compensate for rain attenuation, to the extent that the power-flux
density at the fixed-satellite service space station does not exceed the
value resulting from use of an e.i.r.p. of 71 dBW in any 6 MHz band in
clear sky conditions.

**Reasons**: To maintain the delicate sharing situation between the
fixed-satellite, radiolocation, radionavigation, and space
research/Earth exploration-satellite services, the requirements
contained in the above footnotes cannot change. The restrictions
specified in these footnotes are necessary for the protection of GSO FSS
carriers from radar interference and also minimize the possibility of
unacceptable interference to the radiolocation and radionavigation
services. Studies show that there is a significant potential for
unacceptable interference to NGSO FSS satellite receivers from
radiolocation stations in the 13.75-14.0 GHz band.