Proceedings of the:

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**27^th^ Annual Eastern**

**Fish Health Workshop**

March 18 -- 22, 2002

Holiday Inn and Conference Center

Mount Pleasant, SC

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Sponsored by:

**National Fish Health Research Laboratory**

United States Geological Survey

11700 Leetown Road

Kearneysville, West Virginia 25430

**[Editorial Note]{.underline}**

Twenty-seven years ago, a small group of federal researchers gathered
together on the Eastern Shore of Maryland to share their research,
discuss issues, plan new studies, and enjoy the fellowship of each
other. That first meeting was originally inspired by Dr. Stanislaus
Snieszko of the Eastern Fish Disease Laboratory (predecessor to the
National Fish Health Research Laboratory) of the Department of the
Interior and Drs. Carl Sinderman and Aaron Rosenfeld of the National
Marine Fisheries Service Laboratory of the Department of Commerce at
Oxford, Maryland. Both laboratories were somewhat close geographically
and both researched problems associated with fish disease, but their
emphasis differed between the freshwater and marine environment. The
early workshops were a focal point that fostered communication between
the two facilities and provided staff members with opportunities to plan
and conduct collaborative studies. Within a few short years, fish
disease research became well established in the graduate programs of
several major universities in the eastern United States and
participation in the workshop began to evolve beyond its original
intent. Although the title of the workshop appears to be exclusive for
fish, the workshop actually encourages much broader participation in all
aspects of aquatic animal health from shellfish to mammals. Furthermore,
the workshop remains true to its roots and encourages contributions from
researchers, resource managers, biologists, and university personnel
working within both marine and freshwater environments. Even though the
Workshop has occasionally been held in conjunction with other
organizations such as the Fish Health Section of the American Fisheries
Society and the International Association of Aquatic Animal Medicine, it
is not affiliated with any parent organization and the meeting is an
entity unto itself. Today, the National Fish Health Research Laboratory
is extremely proud to continue the tradition of the Eastern Fish Health
Workshop and serve as its annual host. The staff of the National Fish
Health Research Laboratory welcomes you to the 27^th^ Annual Eastern
Fish Health Workshop at the Holiday Inn and Conference Center of
historic Mount Pleasant, South Carolina.

What a great venue for our meeting\...beautiful, complicated,
intriguing! Robert N. Rosen writes in his book, [A short history of
Charleston]{.underline}, that \"The beauty of Charleston mesmerizes
people and makes it difficult for them to visualize the morality play
that is Charleston\'s history. There is good and evil in that history,
for the city is not innocent. Is Sullivan's Island the Ellis Island of
black America? Or is it the scene of Edgar Allan Poe's \"The Gold Bug\"?
Or is it just a nice oceanfront suburb? Is the Old Exchange Building a
fancy architectural jewel designed to house 18th-century assemblies? Or
is it the ghoulish prison of the Revolution, the place where the martyr
Isaac Hayne spent his last night? Or is it the place where George
Washington greeted his fellow citizens? And there is no question that
slaves were sold for generations next to the very balcony from which the
Declaration of lndependence was read. It is the tragic and ironic
aspects of Charleston s history that give it such power. It resembles
the classic Greek tragedy- its aristocratic and noble leaders were
plagued by fatal flaws, by hubris, by pride, by something. They foresaw
the decline of the aristocracy. As early as 1833, Hugh Legare wrote:
\"We are (I am quite sure) the last of the race of South Carolina.\"

Perhaps the drama was played out in the Civil War, which, as Sidney
Andrews said, left \"a city of ruins. \"For it is, after all the fall of
the noble hero that is the essence of Greek tragedy. When Henry James
visited Charleston in 1905, some forty years after the Civil War had
ended, he also was captivated by the antique quality of life, by \"the
Battery of the long, curved seafront, of the waterside public garden,
furnished with sad old historic guns; by Fort Sumter and the start of
the Civil War. \"The Forts, faintly blue on the twinkling sea, \" he
wrote, \"looked like vague marine flowers; innocence, pleasantness ruled
the prospect.\" James, a northerner, was reacting to the start of the
Civil War - the firing on the flag at Sumter. But Fort Sumter is so far
from the Battery. \"The Flag would have been, from the Battery,\" he
concluded, \"such a mere speck in space. There is more. Charleston\'s
history has a power even beyond the supposed climax, defeat in the Civil
War\...\"

Some have written that there is just no way to completely explain all of
the beauty and contradictions that abound in this historic jewel of the
South, but in the days ahead, we hope that you will have the time to
venture beyond the hotel and sample the enduring lore, legends, and
history of is beautiful, southern seaport.

# Rocco C. Cipriano, ed. 

# [Monday, March 18]{.underline}

5:00 - 7:30 **Registration** **and cash bar**, dinner on your own

# 

# 

# [Tuesday, March 19]{.underline}

7:00 **Breakfast**

7:30 Registration continues

8:15 Panek Opening Remarks

8:30 Cipriano Appraisal of Recommendations For Disinfecting 1

> Eggs Of Atlantic Salmon (*Salmo salar*)
>
> In Iodophor

8:45 Nomura Epidemiological Study Of *Aeromonas* 2

> *salmonicida*, Cause Of Furunculosis,
>
> In Salmonid Fish In Japan

9:00 Nusbaum Duration Of Fasting And Its Effect On Stress- 3

> Induced *Aeromonas hydrophila* Bacteremia
>
> In Channel Catfish

9:15 Starliper Examination Of Diversity Of *Flavobacterium* 4

> *psychrophilum* Isolates From Different Origins
>
> And A Note On A Medium Used To Recover
>
> Isolates From Long-Term Frozen Storage

9:30 Bader Comparative Challenge Model Of *Flavobacterium* 5

> *columnare* Using Scarified And Unscarified
>
> Channel Catfish, *Ictalurus punctatus* (Rafinesque)

9:45 Schwedler Treatment Of *Flavobacterium columnare* Infection 6 In
Channel Catfish (*Ictarulus punctatus*)

10:00 **Break**

### Keynote Addresses

10:30 Olivier Aquatic Animal Health: The International 7

> Perspective

11:15 Amos Development Of An Aquatic Animal Health 8

> Plan For Salmonids In The Exclusive
>
> Economic Zone (EEZ)

12:00 **Lunch**

## 1:30 Hughes Clinical Presentations Of Mycobacterium sp. 9

## In Summer Flounder, Paralichthys dentatus, 

## In Recirculating Systems

1:45 Pasnik Immunomodulatory Effects And Efficacy Of A 10

> DNA Vaccine For Aquatic Mycobacteriosis

2:00 Thune Identification Of Factors Involved In The 11

> Pathogenesis Of *Edwardsiella ictaluri*

2:15 Bullock Development Of Oxytetracycline Resistance 12

> In Rainbow Trout (*Oncorhynchus* m*ykiss*)
>
> Gut Flora And Sediment In A Recirculating
>
> Culture System

2:30 Densmore Immunomodulation And Disease Resistance 13

> In *Myxobolus cerebralis* Infected Rainbow Trout

2:45 **Break**

#### 

#### That Devil White Spot, Ich! - Harry Dickerson

3:15 Ewing *Ichthyophthirius:* The Historical Context 14

3:30 Schachte A Twenty Year Historical Perspective Of 15

> *Ichthyophthirius multifilis* Epizootics In New
>
> York State Fish Hatcheries

3:45 Tianlong *Ichthyophthirius* and Aquaculture in the 16

###### People's Republic of China 

4:00 Maki Serum And Cutaneous Antibody Responses 17

> Of Channel Catfish (*Ictalurus punctatus*)
>
> Against *Ichthyophthirius multifiliis* Following
>
> Immunization By Infection Or Injection Of
>
> Immobilization Antigen (I-Ag)

4:15 Xu Effect Of Cutaneous Antibodies From 18

> *Ichthyophthirius* Immune Fish On
>
> *Ichthyophthirius* Development In Catfish

4:30 Clark Cloning And Expression Of Surface I-Antigen 19

> Genes Of *Ichthyophthirius multifiliis*

4:45 Dickerson Elicitation Of Protective Immunity Against 20

> *Ichthyophthirius* *multifiliis* In Channel Catfish
>
> (*Ictalurus punctatus*) By Immunization
>
> With Immobilization Antigens

5:00 **Adjourn** Dinner on your own

**[Wednesday, March 20]{.underline}**

7:00 **Breakfast**

8:15 Bowser Blood Chemistries Of Healthy, Nephrocalcinosis- 21

> Affected, And Ozone-Treated Tilapia In
>
> Recirculation Systems

8:30 Dacanay Studies Of Immunoglobulin Structure And 22

> Diversity In Non-Salmonid Marine Fish

8:45 Iwanowicz A Fluorescence Based Cytotoxic Assay For 23

> Fish Leucocytes Using Calcein AM Labeled
>
> Adherent Target Cells

9:00 Evans Nonspecific Cytotoxic Cells Express Cytosolic 24

> And Membrane Histone-Like Proteins

9:15 Kaur Expression Of Scavenger Receptor-A On 25

> Catfish Cytotoxic Cells

9:30 Oumouna Binding Of Bacterial Genomic DNA And 26

> Synthetic Oligodeoxynucleotides Leads To
>
> Activation Of Tilapia Nonspecific Cytotoxic
>
> Cells (NCC)

9:45 Praveen Construction And Characterization Of An 27

> Activated Nonspecific Cytotoxic Cells
>
> (NCC) cDNA Expression Library From
>
> Tilapia Peripheral Blood

10:00 **Break**

**[What's Happening To Our Coral? - Garriett Smith]{.underline}**

10:30 Woodley Assessing The Health Of Corals In The 28

> Florida Keys Using A Cellular Diagnostic
>
> System

10:45 Ritchie A Caribbean Echinoderm Pathogen: 29

####### Identification And Host Range

11:00 Gil-Agudelo First Steps In The Identification Of The 30

> Causal Agent Of The Dark Spots Disease
>
> In Stony Corals

11:15 Garrison Timbuktu Meets Coral Reefs: 31

> Chemical Contaminants In African Dust

11:30 Smith An Update On The Aspergillosis-Gorgonian 32

> Story: Increased Host Range And Strain Origins

11:45 Discussion

12:00 **Lunch**

1:15 Lewis United States East And Gulf Coast Shellfish 33

> Study

1:45 Kern Update Of Issues Surrounding The Introduction 34

> Of The Asian Oyster, *Crassostrea ariakensis*,
>
> Into Chesapeake Bay

2:00 Allen The Effect Of Ph On The Killing Activity 35

> Of Hemocytes In The Pacific Oyster,
>
> *Crassostrea gigas*

2:00 Burnett Impacts Of Short-Term Exposure To 36 Hypercapnic Hypoxia On
The Susceptibility

> Of The Shrimp, *Litopenaeus vannamei,* To
>
> *Vibrio parahaemolyticus*

2:15 Dantzler Effects Of Hypercapnic Hypoxia On The 37

> Bactericidal Activity Of Hemocytes From
>
> The Penaeid Shrimp *Litopenaeus vannamei*

2:30 Minagawa Characterization And Expression Of C-Type 38

> Lysozyme cDNA From Kuruma Shrimp
>
> (*Penaeus japonicus*)

2:45 Tall Virulence Factors Expressed By *Vibrio tubiashii,* 39

> A Pathogen Of Invertebrates And Vertebrates

3:00 **Break**

**[What's Wrong With That Lobster? - Bruce Estrella]{.underline}**

3:30 Laufer Crustacean Hormones As Indicators Of Normal 40

> Development, Reproduction, And Stress

3:45 Horst Acute Effects Of Methoprene On Survival, 41

> Cuticular Morphogenesis And Shell
>
> Biosynthesis In The American Lobster,
>
> *Homarus americanus*

**4:00** Chisto- Bacterial Assemblages And Histopathology 42

> serdov Of Shell Disease

4:15 Robohm Improved Analysis Of Shell-Disease Severity 43

> In Offshore Populations Of American Lobster

4:30 Frasca Histopathologic And Molecular Aspects Of 44

> Paramoebiasis In Lobster (*Homarus*
>
> *americanus*) With Emphasis On The Long
>
> Island Sound Die-Off

4:45 Tall CHO Cell Elongation Factor Found in Limp 45

> Lobster Disease *Vibrio fluvialis* Isolates

# 

5:00 **Adjourn** Dinner on your own

######## Thursday, March 21

7:00 **Breakfast**

8:00 Bebak- Status Of Attempts To Isolate And 46

Williams Characterize A Rickettsia-like Organism

> (RLO) From Arctic Char (*Salvelinus alpinus)*

8:15 Bowser Dose-Titration Assay Of Walleye Dermal 47

> Sarcoma Tumor Homogenate

8:30 McAllister Rescue Of Rainbow Trout Gametes Compromised 48

> By Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus

8:45 O'Farrell A Global Survey Of Transcript Expression In 49

> Rainbow Trout Leukocytes During The Early
>
> Response To Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia
>
> Virus Infection

9:00 Sutton Identification Of A Novel Piscine Retrovirus 50

> Associated With An Outbreak Of Swimbladder
>
> Sarcoma In Atlantic Salmon, *Salmo salar*

9:15 Merrill Infectious Salmon Anemia In The United States: 51

> A Synopsis Of Maine's Experiences With A
>
> Devastating Disease

9:30 Miller APHIS Veterinary Services Implements An 52

> Infectious Salmon Anemia (ISA) Program

9:45 Olivier Infectious Salmon Anaemia Is Not Vertically 53

> Transmitted; Evidence From Recent Experiments
>
> In New Brunswick, Canada

10:00 **Break**

##### Keeping 'Em Pretty: Diseases Among Ornamental Fish- Stephen Smith

10:30 Yanong An Overview Of Diseases Of Freshwater 54

> Ornamental Finfish Aquaculture In Florida

11:00 Petty Fish Health Management At A Wholesale 55

> Facility

11:15 Caffara Parasitological Findings In Freshwater 56

> Ornamental Fish Imported In Italy: A
>
> Five Year Survey

11:30 Shotts Selected Diseases Of Pet And Ornamental Fish: 57

> > Their Detection, Identification, And Management
>
> 11:45 Smith Husbandry And Management Of Aquatics 58
>
> > At The Retail Level

12:00 **Lunch**

## **[Managing Health In Commercial Aquaria -- Brent Whitaker]{.underline}** 

## 

## 1:15 Crichton Challenges Of Establishing And Maintaining A 59

## Healthy Collection During The Start Up Of A 

## Public Aquarium

##  

## 1:30 Greenwell Fish Health Management In Public Aquaria 60

1:45 Arnold Summary Of Bacterial Isolates From Fish 61

> At The National Aquarium In Baltimore

2:00 Berzins Common Syngnathid Health Problems 62

2:15 Berzins Spinal Deformities In Captive Sandtiger Sharks 63

> (*Carcharius taurus)*

2:30 Giardina Amphibian Health In A Public Aquarium 64

2:45 Whitaker Chromomycosis In Amphibians 65

3:00 **Break**

> **[Alone On The Beach: Strandings And Other]{.underline}**
>
> **[Marine Animal Health Issues - Cindy Driscoll]{.underline}**

3:30 Driscoll Marine Mammal And Sea Turtle Stranding 66

> Efforts In Maryland

3:45 Bonde Overview Of Research, Health And Recovery 67

> Efforts For The Florida Manatee

4:00 Lipscomb A Brief Overview Of Morbilliviral Epizootics 68

> In Aquatic Mammals

4:15 Seegars In-Water Sea Turtle Abundance And Health 69

> Assessment Study Off The Coast Of The
>
> Southeastern United States

4:30 Sutton Recent Developments In The Spread And 70

> Study Of Marine Turtle Fibropapillomatosis
>
> And The Fibropapilloma Associated Turtle

####### Herpesvirus

# 4:45 Moore Acute Causes Of Sea Turtle Death: Identifying 71

# Turtle In Your Soup 

5:00 **Adjourn**

7:00 **Reception** Cash Bar

7:30 **Banquet** Featuring Tim Lowry's

> ***"Pistols, Patriots and Petticoats"***

######## 

######## Friday, March 22

8:00 Fish Hematology Continuing Education Workshop

South Carolina Department of Natural Resources

Marine Resources Research Institute

Charleston, SC

Instructor -- Jill Arnold

12:00 Adjourn