Required Report - public distribution

Date: 7/30/2006

GAIN Report Number: SA6008

SA6008

Saudi Arabia

Food and Agricultural Import Regulations and Standards

Update

2006

Approved by:

![](media/image1.wmf)Kurt Seifarth

U.S. Embassy, Cairo, Egypt

Prepared by:

Hussein Mousa

Report Highlights:

Saudi Arabian Standards Organization (SASO) is responsible for setting
national standards for commodities and products. The Ministry of
Commerce does testing of prepackaged foodstuffs. The following report
contains key regulations and standards applied to imported food products
in the Kingdom. Saudi Arabia is a \$6 billion market for food and
agricultural products with the U.S. share estimated at about 5 percent.

Includes PSD Changes: No

Includes Trade Matrix: No

Annual Report

Riyadh \[SA2\]

\[SA\]

DISCLAIMER: This report has been prepared by the Office of Agricultural
Affairs of the USDA/Foreign Agricultural Service in (Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia) for U.S. exporters of domestic food and agricultural products.
While every possible care has been taken in the preparation of this
report, information provided maybe no longer complete nor precise as
some import requirements are subject to frequent change. It is highly
recommended that U.S. exporters ensure that all necessary customs
clearance requirements have been verified with local authorities through
your foreign importer before the sale conditions are finalized. FINAL
IMPORT APPROVAL OF ANY PRODUCT IS ALWAYS SUBJECT TO THE RULES AND
REGULATIONS AS INTERPRETED BY THE COUNTRY OF IMPORT AT THE TIME OF
PRODUCT ENTRY.

Table of Contents

[I. FOOD LAWS 3](#i.-food-laws)

[II. LABELING REQUIREMENTS 3](#ii.-labeling-requirements)

[A. General Requirements 3](#a.-general-requirements)

[B. Shelf Life 4](#b.-shelf-life)

[C. Additional Labeling Requirements
5](#c.-additional-labeling-requirements)

[D. Requirements Specific to Nutritional Labeling
6](#d.-requirements-specific-to-nutritional-labeling)

[E. Biotech Labeling 7](#e.-biotech-labeling)

[III. PACKAGING AND CONTAINER REQUIREMENTS
10](#iii.-packaging-and-container-requirements)

[IV. FOOD ADDITIVE REGULATIONS 11](#iv.-food-additive-regulations)

[V. PESTICIDE AND OTHER CONTAMINANTS
12](#v.-pesticide-and-other-contaminants)

[VI. OTHER REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
12](#vi.-other-regulations-and-requirements)

[A. Product Registration 12](#a.-product-registration)

[B. Products Inspection 14](#b.-products-inspection)

[C. Imports of Samples 14](#c.-imports-of-samples)

[D. Foodstuff Monitoring 14](#d.-foodstuff-monitoring)

[F. Certification and Documents Requirements
14](#f.-certification-and-documents-requirements)

[VII. OTHER SPECIFIC STANDARDS AND REQUIREMENTS
15](#vii.-other-specific-standards-and-requirements)

[A. Certificate of Islamic Slaughter
15](#a.-certificate-of-islamic-slaughter)

[B. Baby Foods 16](#b.-baby-foods)

[C. Frozen Chickens 16](#c.-frozen-chickens)

[D. Animal Feed Requirements: 16](#d.-animal-feed-requirements)

[E. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)
16](#e.-hazard-analysis-and-critical-control-point-haccp)

[F. Animal Quarantine Regulations 17](#f.-animal-quarantine-regulations)

[VIII. COPYRIGHT AND/OR TRADEMARK LAWS
17](#viii.-copyright-andor-trademark-laws)

[IX. IMPORT PROCEDURES 17](#ix.-import-procedures)

[Customs Clearance 17](#customs-clearance)

[APPENDIX II. LIST OF MAJOR FOOD ADDITIVES
21](#appendix-ii.-list-of-major-food-additives)

[Table-1: Natural colors permitted for use in coloring of foodstuffs
21](#table-1-natural-colors-permitted-for-use-in-coloring-of-foodstuffs)

[TABLE -- 2: Permitted synthetic colors for use in foodstuff
22](#table-2-permitted-synthetic-colors-for-use-in-foodstuff)

[TABLE -- 3: Requirements for synthetic colors
22](#table-3-requirements-for-synthetic-colors)

[TABLE -- 4: Number of containers selected as sample from coloring
matter
23](#table-4-number-of-containers-selected-as-sample-from-coloring-matter)

[Permissible Daily Intake of the Coloring Matterals Per Body Weight
(Appendix 1)
23](#permissible-daily-intake-of-the-coloring-matterals-per-body-weight-appendix-1)

[APPENDIX III. IMPORT TARIFFS 29](#appendix-iii.-import-tariffs)

[A. Products Imported Duty Free 29](#a.-products-imported-duty-free)

[B. Products Subject to 6,7, 8,10, 12, 20, 25 or 40 percent Import
Tariff
29](#b.-products-subject-to-67-810-12-20-25-or-40-percent-import-tariff)

[C. Import Bans 29](#c.-import-bans)

#  

#  I. FOOD LAWS

Saudi Arabia is the most influential member of the Gulf Cooperation
Council (GCC), which includes five other countries in the Arabian
Peninsula: United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, and Qatar. As a
group, the GCC is striving to create a common set of food standards,
with the Saudi Arabian Standards Organization (SASO) as the lead agency.
SASO is the only Saudi organization responsible for setting national
standards for commodities and products, measurements, testing methods,
meteorological symbols and terminology, commodity definitions, safety
measures, and environmental testing, as well as other subjects approved
by the organization's Board of Directors. While standards are set by
SASO, Saudi Ministry of Commerce and Industry Laboratories does testing
of most processed and packaged food items at various ports of entry. The
Saudi Ministry of Municipality and Rural Affairs' Environmental Control
Department tests foodstuffs at the point of sale for product safety
standards.

Although SASO has an advisory, rather than executive role, it
coordinates its activities among different executing agencies in the
Kingdom to control product quality and standards. SASO has issued about
600 production and testing standards on food since its establishment in
1972 and is presently working on new standards. Saudi standards are
based mainly on CODEX Alimentarius regulations and to some extent on
European and U.S. standards but modified to reflect local conditions.

The Kingdom is the largest and fastest growing market for high value
foodstuffs in the gulf region. With the exception of very limited
non-tariff barriers, foodstuffs are imported freely. The main regulatory
barriers that U.S. foodstuff exporters encounter are: BIOTECH labeling,
shorter shelf life requirements compared to U.S. standards, strict
production and expiration dates regulations, Arabic labeling and Halal
Slaughtering (animal slaughtering requirements according to Islamic
Law). See Appendix 3 for major trade barriers.

# II. LABELING REQUIREMENTS

## A. General Requirements

Regulations for labeling of prepackaged foodstuffs are found in Gulf
Standard 9/1995. This is a GCC-wide standard, which was prepared by the
State of Kuwait. In sum, prepackaged food product labels should be in
Arabic or include an Arabic language translation of the label. Labels
must contain at a minimum: the product name, packer's name, country of
origin or manufacture, listing of ingredients, instructions, where
applicable, for the end use of the product, the shelf-life of the
product.

GCC 9/1995 is a document of 10 pages. The labeling requirements are as
follows:

 Labels of prepackaged foodstuffs and the attached labeling shall be in
Arabic language. When one language or more is used in addition to Arabic
language, all information in the other languages shall be the same as
the information written in the Arabic language.

 In case of food products containing animal fats, meat and meat
derivatives, excretions and their products such as gelatin and rennet,
the kind of animal from which they are taken shall be declared taking
into consideration to declare on the label that they are legally
permitted.

 In case of prepackaged foodstuffs prepared for feeding animals, the
statement "Unfit for human consumption" or "Special for animal Feeding
only" shall be clearly and prominently declared on the label.

 Name of foodstuff: Specific, not generic, name of the prepackaged
food. Names and phrases provocative to Islamic religious feelings such
as "made of pork flesh or its derivatives," "Alcoholic beverages," or
any doctrinally forbidden symbols and marks in Islamic countries such as
the sign of the Cross, etc. should not be used.

 List of Ingredients: Complete list of ingredients in descending order
of proportion, including additives permitted for use according to Saudi
or International Standards and Legislation such as preservative,
coloring matters, etc.

In June 2006, Saudi Arabia dropped a requirement that labels on imported
products be revised to reflect the exact seasoning versus the usual
language of "natural flavorings" used by the industry. The requested
label modifications were bordering on a demand for proprietary
information which forced some U.S. exporters to contemplate removing
their products from the market.  Saudi Arabia's decision not to request
this additional information follows intervention by the Foreign
Agricultural Service. 

 Net contents in metric units (volume in case of liquids).

 Name and address of the manufacturer, packer, distributor, importer,
exporter or vendor.

 Special Storage, transportation and preparation instructions, if any.

 Additives

 Country of Origin

## B. Shelf Life

In December 2005, Saudi Arabia implemented a voluntary shelf life
standard (manufacturer-determined use-by dates) for most foodstuffs with
the exception of selected perishable foods (fresh or chilled meat and
poultry; fresh milk and fresh milk based products; margarine; fresh
fruit juice; table eggs, and baby foods) that must meet SASO's
established mandatory expiration periods. The revised standard (SASO
457/2005) will no longer ban imports of food product with less than half
of its shelf life remaining.

Shelf life can only be shown by clear and unambiguous production and
expiration dates. The use of any of the following statements for
expressing expiration date is permissible.

-   Expiration Date

-   Use by (date)

-   Fit for (from the day of production)

-   Use Before (date)

-   Sell by date (for food products having an expiration period
    exceeding 3 months).

The production and expiration dates should be declared on the label of
the package in uncoded manner as follows:

-   Day-Month-Year: for foodstuffs with an expiration period less than
    three months.

-   Month-Year: for foodstuffs with expiration exceeding three months.

Dates shall be engraved or in relief, printed to stamped with permanent
ink directly on all packages or on their original label by the producer
only. Adding stickers for production and expiration dates in not
permissible. There shall be not more than one date of production or of
expiration on the same package. Both dates shall not be subject to
deletion, change or deceit.

Products with No Specific Expiration Date: Products with no specified
shelf life such as salt, spices, milled rice, etc. only the date of
production or processing would be shown as: mm/yy.

We recommend that when putting together an order for a Saudi importer, a
U.S. exporter should cross check information contained on his/her food
label, including Production/Expiration dates, with the Saudi buyer.

## C. Additional Labeling Requirements

In addition to requirements per GCC 9/1995, the following labeling
information must be declared for food additives and antioxidants used in
foodstuffs:

 For coloring matters, their mixtures, preparations and diluents used
in foodstuffs, the following additional information must be declared:

1\. Common name

2\. Color index number

3\. Name of solvent or diluent

4\. Production and expiration dates in a non-coded manner
(day-month-year)

5\. Dye purity

6\. The statement "Free from alcohol"

6\. The statement "Color matter for use in foodstuffs."

 For Flavors permitted for use in Foodstuffs common name and code
number (if found) must be declared on food products containers contained
flavors.

 For preservatives permitted for use in food products, common name or
EEC number and a statement "Preservative for Use in Food Products" in
case of preservatives containers.

 For emulsifiers, stabilizers and thickeners permitted for use in
foodstuffs, the following additional information must be declared:

1\. Common name or EEC no.

> 2\. In case of gelatin, lecithin and mono and diglycerides the source
> shall be mentioned.

 For Sweeteners Permitted for Use in Food Products:

1\. The name of sweeteners or INS numbers

> 2\. Food products formulated specifically for use by diabetics or for
> other special nutritional uses shall contain the statement "Food for
> special dietary use or food for diabetic."
>
> 3\. The amount of sweeteners matter, mg/liter or kg in case of using
> combination of sweeteners, the amount of each in combination shall be
> declared.

The following warning must be declared:

4\. In case of aspartame, "Not to be used by persons who have phenyl
ketonuria."

> 5\. In case of saccharine, "Use of this product may be hazardous to
> your health because it contains saccharin which has been determine to
> cause cancer in laboratory animals."

6\. In the case of sugar alcohol \"Excess of consumed quantity may cause
diarrhea."

 The following additional labeling information must be declared for
antioxidants permitted for use in foodstuffs:

1\. Common name or EEC number

> 2\. A statement "Antioxidants permitted for use in foodstuffs" in case
> of antioxidant containers.

## D. Requirements Specific to Nutritional Labeling

In addition to the general labeling requirements as stated in GS 9/1995,
further information must be declared for prepackaged foods for special
dietary use per Gulf Standard No. 654/1996 (General Requirements for
Prepackaged Foods for Special Dietary Use). Following is some of the
labeling information to be stated.

1\. Name of the product followed by the characterizing essential
features indicating that it is a food for special dietary use.

2\. The amount of energy expressed in kilojoules and kilocalories per
100 grams or 100 ml of the food product and where appropriate per the
specified quantity of food as suggested for consumption.

3\. Its content of protein, carbohydrates, fat, dietary, fiber and each
vitamin and mineral per 100 grams or 100 ml of the food (as sold)
product and where appropriate per specified quantity of food as
suggested for consumption.

4\. The total quantity of the specific nutrients, which provide the
characterizing essential features per 100 grams or 100 ml of the food
product and where appropriate per specified quantity of food as
suggested for consumption.

5\. The special cases in which the food is used and the suitable amount
permissible for daily consumption.

6\. Storage conditions before and after opening of the package.

7\. The procedures of preparation and use, and in the case of baby and
infant foods the procedures shall be indicated according to the age of
child.

8\. The following cautionary statement shall be declared: "To be Used
Under Medical Supervision," wherever applicable to certain food.

9\. The amount of added sweeteners accompanied by the following
cautionary statements:

> a\) In the case of aspartame: "Not to be used by persons who have
> phenylketonuria," "The maximum intake shall not exceed 40mg/kg of body
> weight."
>
> b\) In the case of saccharin: "Use of this product may be hazardous to
> your health, because it contains saccharin which has been determined
> to cause cancer to laboratory animals."
>
> c\) In the case of manitol: "Excess of consumed quantity of manitol
> over 20g per day may cause diarrhea."
>
> d\) In the case of sorbitol or xylitol: Excess of consumed quantity of
> sorbitol or xylitol over 40g per day may cause diarrhea.

10\. Not to be described or marked in such a manner that misleads the
consumer.

## 

## E. Biotech Labeling

In December 2001, Saudi Ministry of Commerce and Industry and Industry
(MOCI) implemented its biotech labeling decree for processed foodstuffs.
The decree requires a positive biotech labeling if a product contains
genetically modified vegetable (plant) ingredients. In a similar move,
the Saudi Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) implemented in January 2004 a
comparable biotech-labeling requirement on animal feed, fruit and
vegetables while banning imports of biotech seeds.

Following is a summary of the biotech labeling requirements implemented
by the MOCI:

A. Positive labeling: If a product contains one or more genetically
modified plant ingredient, the information should be clearly
communicated to the consumer by labeling. A triangle should be drawn on
the label with text that should read \"Contains Genetically Modified
Product (s). The Ministry will not accept a statement that says \"This
Product May Contain biotech Ingredients.\" Saudi Arabia does not permit
imports of foodstuffs that contain genetically engineered animal
products. According to the MOCI, local food producers must also abide by
the biotech labeling requirements.

B. Bilingual labeling: The biotech statement must be clearly written in
Arabic and English languages with ink color different from that of the
main product tag.

C. Health certificate: Biotech products exported to Saudi Arabia must
have been approved in the country of origin for human or animal
consumption. Each shipment must be accompanied by a health certificate
issued by a government agency stating that the biotech ingredient used
in the foodstuff is approved in the country of origin for human or
animal consumption.

D. PCR Real Time Method: MOC approved the PCR Real Time Method for
biotech testing and set a one percent threshold for cross contamination.
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH) based in
Riyadh conducts biotech testing on imported and locally

produced foodstuffs. Saudi importers are charged a testing fee of \$480
per product sample tested. It takes approximately four weeks for the
importer to receive the test results. If the test results reveal more
than one percent of biotech ingredient, the product is either destroyed
locally or re-exported to the country of origin.

E. Biotech health certificate: The Saudi Ministry of Commerce and
Industry has agreed to accept health certificates issued by state
departments of agriculture for high value products instead of the
previous requirement that the certificates be issued by a federal
government agency such as USDA or FDA for U.S. products. The Ministry
has reiterated its refusal to consider any health certificate issued by
exporting companies or other private organizations including notary
public statements.

F. For U.S. grains: The MOA has accepted a one-time biotech grains
certification statement from the Grain Inspection, Packers and
Stockyards Administration (GIPSA) submitted to the Ministry in 2003. The
statement certified that the exported transgenic grains are the same as
those consumed in the United States. The approved statement eliminates
the need for a shipment-by-shipment positive biotech certification for
corn and soybean meal exported to the Kingdom. The MOA still requires
each shipment of biotech fruits and vegetables to be labeled and
accompanied by a biotech health certificate. In 2004, the MOA banned
imports of all types of biotech seeds.

G. It is required that genetically engineered products, which are
exported to Saudi Arabia, must have been approved in the country of
origin for human consumption. Each shipment must be accompanied by
health certificate issued by a biotech licensing government agency (such
as the FDA) stating that the biotech ingredient (s) used in the
foodstuff is approved in the country of origin (United States) for human
consumption. One certificate could be issued that certifies a list of
biotech items used in a foodstuff.

H. All genetically modified food products should be in compliance with
legal and ethical controls observed in the Kingdom and must meet
pertinent Saudi Arabian standard specifications. The biotech labeling
requirements will also apply to locally produced agricultural products.
The biotech-labeling requirement went into effect December 1, 2001.

In February 2005, the Saudi Government announced the establishment of a
national high-level committee consisting of four ministries, the Saudi
Arabian Standard Organization (SASO), universities and the private
sector to conduct a comprehensive policy review of current biotech
labeling requirements. The committee distributed its first draft
standard for public comment in early May 2005 and received comments
through August 2005. After taking into consideration comments received
from all interested parties including USDA, SASO distributed for public
comment three draft standards in early 2006 (General Requirements for
Genetically Modified Processed Food and Feed, General Requirements for
Genetically Modified unprocessed Agricultural Products, and General
Requirements for Risk Assessment and Traceability). Comments on all of
the three draft standards were delivered to SASO by the end of March
2006. The organization is currently reviewing comments delivered on the
three draft standards. SASO is currently considering two options: (1)
issue another sets of final draft standards after incorporating major
comments received or (2) go ahead and issue its biotech standard based
on the available information. FAS\\Riyadh anticipates SASO would include
some of the comments provided by the U.S. industry in its final standard
that could benefit US agricultural interests.

I. Following is a sample certificate issued by a state department of
agriculture and accepted by Saudi port authorities:

#### Certificate of Health and Free Sale, Sanitary and Purity

> \"I, (name of state official), do hereby certify that (name of U.S.
> company and address) operates a food manufacturing plant which is
> inspected at regular intervals by full-time inspectors employed by the
> (name of state) Department of Agriculture. The facility's equipment
> and raw materials, as well as the processing and packaging procedure,
> meets all sanitary requirements and the operation is in good standing
> in every respect. We certify the following listing of products as
> freely, and without qualification, sold and used in the United States
> of America (USA).

This product may contain genetically modified organisms.

This certificate shall be good for one year from the date of issue.

> This certificate is not to be construed as either an expression of
> implied warranty of any products of said company, nor shall it be used
> for propaganda, advertising, or other simple purposes.
>
> This certificate shall not be altered after the issue date, or it will
> be deemed void by the (name of state) Department of Agriculture and
> the undersigned.

(The certificate should be issued with the seal of the State Department
of Agriculture, notarized, and signed by the appropriate State
Department of Agriculture official).\"

II\. Below is GIPSA's one-time grains certification statement accepted
by the Saudi Ministry of Agriculture in lieu of a shipment-by-shipment
biotech certification requirement.

+---+---------+---+---------------------------------------------------------+---+
| # |         | # |                                                         |   |
| # |         | # |                                                         |   |
| # |         | # |                                                         |   |
| # |         | # |                                                         |   |
| # |         | # |                                                         |   |
| # |         | # |                                                         |   |
|   |         |   |                                                         |   |
| C |         | S |                                                         |   |
| r |         | t |                                                         |   |
| o |         | a |                                                         |   |
| p |         | t |                                                         |   |
|   |         | e |                                                         |   |
|   |         | m |                                                         |   |
|   |         | e |                                                         |   |
|   |         | n |                                                         |   |
|   |         | t |                                                         |   |
+---+---------+---+---------------------------------------------------------+---+
|   | S       |   | We hereby certify that the soybeans may come from       |   |
|   | oybeans |   | genetically modified soybeans of the type Monsanto      |   |
|   |         |   | Roundup Ready Soybeans that have been approved for      |   |
|   |         |   | import into the EEC under directive 96/281/ EC.         |   |
|   |         |   |                                                         |   |
|   |         |   | The soybeans may come from genetically modified         |   |
|   |         |   | soybeans of the type Monsanto Roundup Ready Soybeans.   |   |
|   |         |   |                                                         |   |
|   |         |   | Transgenic soybeans commercially produced in the United |   |
|   |         |   | States have completed the necessary review under the    |   |
|   |         |   | U.S. regulatory process for determining the safety of   |   |
|   |         |   | new agricultural biotechnology products.  This well     |   |
|   |         |   | coordinated regulatory process sets U.S. standards for  |   |
|   |         |   | human, animal, and plant health, and environmental      |   |
|   |         |   | safety.  The transgenic soybeans used for domestic      |   |
|   |         |   | purposes are the same as those used for export.         |   |
+---+---------+---+---------------------------------------------------------+---+
|   | Corn    |   | Transgenic corn commercially produced in the United     |   |
|   |         |   | States has completed the necessary review under the     |   |
|   |         |   | U.S. regulatory process for determining the safety of   |   |
|   |         |   | new agricultural biotechnology products.  This well     |   |
|   |         |   | coordinated regulatory process sets U.S. standards for  |   |
|   |         |   | human, animal, and plant health, and environmental      |   |
|   |         |   | safety.  The transgenic corn used for domestic purposes |   |
|   |         |   | is the same as corn used for export.                    |   |
+---+---------+---+---------------------------------------------------------+---+
|   | T       |   | The sample was tested using a method equal to or        |   |
|   | esting\ |   | exceeding the performance of the A\'s GIPSA testing     |   |
|   | Par     |   | recommendations, as set out in Directive 9181.1.        |   |
|   | ameters |   |                                                         |   |
+---+---------+---+---------------------------------------------------------+---+

# III. PACKAGING AND CONTAINER REQUIREMENTS

In 1997, Saudi Arabia issued standard No. SSA 1149/1997 entitled Food
Packages-part 1-General Requirements. Some of the main requirements are
listed below:

 All packaging materials used in fabricating, forming, or treating
packages shall be of food grade for contact with foods and in compliance
with relevant Saudi standards.

 They shall be clean and in a condition that does not allow any
contamination probabilities of the contained material.

 They shall maintain the properties of the packaged material and
protect it from gaining undesirable odors, flavors and tastes.

 They shall offer protection to the product against contamination with
microorganisms, insect, rodents, and dirt in the cases of products that
requires it.

 They shall be impermeable to moisture in the cases of food products
that require it.

 They shall offer necessary protection against environmental conditions
and mechanical hazards such as impacts, vibration, static stresses, and
they shall be in an intact appearance during handling.

 They shall not affect the container as a result of migration of some
of their constituents that may react or be mixed with the food
materials.

 It shall not be in a pharmaceutical shape.

Saudi standard No. SASO 1301/1997 deals with specifications for the
general requirements of plastic packages used for packaging food
materials. The three page regulations require limits among other things
that the concentration of a vinyl chloride monomer not to exceed 1 mg
per kg of the plastic material, or 0.01 mg per kg of the packaged food
material if the packages are made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

Per the standard, the following labeling information should be written
on labels of plastic packages used to package foodstuffs:

1\. Type of plastic material

2\. Weight, capacity, number, or dimensions based on the type of
packages

3\. Statement of food grade

4\. Purpose and type of application

5\. Directions for usage

6\. Warnings if applicable

# IV. FOOD ADDITIVE REGULATIONS

1\. The Kingdom and the other five Gulf Cooperation countries have
established the following major gulf-wide standards that regulate
additives used in foodstuffs. Each standard contains a positive additive
list.

\_ An eight-page Gulf Standard No. 285/1999 entitled "Coloring Matter
Used in Food Stuff." See appendix II for coloring matter permitted.

\_ Gulf Standard No. 707/1997 deals with flavors permitted for use in
foodstuffs. The standard lists all natural and artificial flavors as
well as flavor enhancers permitted for use in food products intended for
human consumption.

\_ Gulf Standard No. 356/1994 lists preservatives permitted for use in
food products. See appendix II for preservatives permitted in
foodstuffs.

\_ Gulf Standard No. 381/1994 lists emulsifiers, stabilizers and
thickeners permitted for use in foodstuffs (see appendix II for
permitted list).

\_ Gulf Standard No. 995/1998 deals with sweeteners permitted for use in
food products. Refer to appendix II for the list.

\_ SSA 73/1978 is concerned with Benzoic Acid, Sodium Benzoate and
Potassium Benzoate Used in Preservation of Foodstuffs.

SSA 106/1978 lists permitted food additives in edible oils and fats

English copies of the above and other standards are available at the
SASO. Interested U.S

exporters can purchase them from SASO's information center. Please refer
to appendix 1

for coordinates of the center.

SASO depends heavily on CODEX Alimentarius regulations and to some
extent on European and U.S. standards when drafting most of Saudi or
Gulf Standards including food additives, pesticide and other
contaminants. The Kingdom sometimes bans CODEX's approved food additives
if they are banned on health grounds by developed countries (mainly the
United States and/or Europe) or if they contain substances banned for
religious reasons.

# V. PESTICIDE AND OTHER CONTAMINANTS

The Kingdom and other members of the Gulf Cooperation countries have
developed positive pesticide and other contaminants lists. Per SASO the
lists have international context as they were mainly adapted from CODEX
Alimentarius standards. The following are the major Gulf/Saudi standards
enforced in the Kingdom:

Gulf Standard No. 382/1994 "Maximum Limits for Pesticide Residues in
Agricultural Food Products-Part 1" established the maximum limits for
ten pesticide residues in foods and agricultural commodities or animal
feed: Malathion, Bromophos, Diquat, Fenchlorfos, Pyrethrins,
Quintozense, Parathion, Orthophenyl Phenol, Methidathion and Fentin.

Gulf Standard No. 422/1994 "Maximum Limits for Pesticide Residues in
Agricultural Food Products-Part 2" establishes the maximum limits for
nine pesticide residues in agricultural and food products intended for
human consumption. The residues are: dimethoate, chlorfenvinphos,
crufomate, diazinon, dioxathion, diphenyl, diphenylamine, ethoxyquin and
folpet.

Gulf Standard No. 357/1994 "Antioxidants Permitted for use in
Foodstuffs" lists antioxidants and antioxidants synergists permitted for
use in food products. Refer to appendix II for permitted antioxidants.

Gulf Standard No. 841/1997 regulates the maximum limits aflatoxins
permitted in foods and animal feeds.

Gulf Standard No. 988/1998 is concerned with limits of radioactivity
levels (gemma rays, cesium 134, 137) permitted in foodstuffs, drinking
water and animal feeding stuffs. The limits of radioactivity levels
permitted in food products shall not exceed the following limits:

10 becquerel/kg or liter in water

30 becquerel/kg or liter in milk and its products

30 becquerel/kg liter in liter in baby foods

75 becquerel/kg or liter in other food products

300 becquerel/kg in animal feeds

For dried products requiring reconstitution, the limits are determined
after it is reconstituted with water.

English copies of the above and other standards are available at the
Saudi Arabian Standard Organization. Interested U.S. exporter can
purchase them from SASO's information center. Please refer to appendix 1
for coordinates of the center.

The Ministry of Agriculture's (MAW) registers and enforces Saudi Arabian
or Gulf standards on feed additives as well as pesticides used in
agricultural products. Coordinates of the Ministry are found in Appendix
I.

# VI. OTHER REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS

## A. Product Registration

Herbal preparations, health and supplementary foods must be registered
with the General Directorate of Medical and Pharmaceutical Licenses of
the Saudi Ministry of Health in order to be marketed in the Kingdom. The
registration is done through a local agent by submitting sample products
and product brochures, which are studied and tested by the ministry's
central laboratory. It takes about six months for the ministry to
approve and license a product. The ministry charges about \$300 as a
registration fee.

A U.S. exporter needs to submit the following documents through its
local agent to the Ministry in order to initiate the product
registration and licensing process:

1\. Table of contents

2\. An Authenticated copy of the agency registration certificate at the
Saudi Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

3\. When registering for herbal products, a copy of pharmaceutical
wholesale license should be submitted by the local agent.

4\. Certificate (s) issued by the health authorities in the country of
origin clearly stating that the following should be provided:

-   The company is licensed to manufacture the products in the country
    of origin (state license number and date).

-   

> The company is permitted to sell the product in the country of origin
> (certificate of free sale)

-   The company follows good manufacturing practice.

-   Coloring agents, diluents and other incorporate substances in the
    product formula are permitted in the country of origin (if the free
    sale certificate states such information it will be sufficient).

-   Package insert and applicable information stated on the pack are the
    same as that approved and currently marketed in the country of
    origin. Package insert shall be in Arabic and English languages. The
    company is obliged to add and/or delete any information required for
    handling the product in the Kingdom as determined by the
    registration committee.

5\. A certificate issued by the company and authenticated by the
relevant authorities in the country of origin clearly stating the
following information about the product:

-   Registration number and date and date of marketing in the country of
    origin.

-   Trade and/or generic name.

-   Full composition (the scientific name of active and inactive
    ingredients and their quantities)

-   Therapeutic category (if any).

-   The composition of product to be exported to the kingdom is the same
    as that market in the country of origin.

-   Names of countries where the product is currently marketed.

-   A certificate of analysis indicating the results of completed
    analyses for the submitted samples.

-   If the product contains ingredients of animal source the kind of
    animal must be specified.

-   Percentage of alcohol in the finished product, if present, should be
    indicated with justification of that percentage.

6\. Full specifications and methods of analyses of the finished product,
as well as stability study and data including storage conditions.

7\. Six samples of the product as well as samples of the outer package
and product's label.

8\. Abstracts of scientific references brochures and international
scientific periodicals testifying to the efficacy and safety of the
product.

## B. Products Inspection

With the exception of herbal preparations, health and supplementary
foods (inspected by the Ministry of Health) and live animals, plants,
seeds and animal feed (inspected by the Ministry of Agriculture), all
imported foodstuffs are inspected by the Ministry of Commerce and
Industry inspectors at the port of entry. If a consignment is rejected
for not adhering to pertinent Saudi Standards or gulf standards, the
importer is requested to re-export or destroy the product.

## C. Imports of Samples

Samples destined to potential Saudi buyers or for display in Food Shows
are exempt from Saudi labeling and shelf life regulations, but are
subject to inspection at ports of entry. Samples, which are usually sent
to Saudi Arabia by D.H.L. and similar carriers, must be accompanied by a
commercial invoice specifying that the product is not for sale and has
no commercial value.

## D. Foodstuff Monitoring

The Environmental Protection Department at the Ministry of Municipality
and Rural Affairs is responsible for establishing nationwide food
sanitation laws and guidelines. Monitoring of products already in the
market is done by inspectors at the municipality levels. The authorities
inspect retailers, wholesalers, restaurants, bakeries, fast food chains,
vegetable and meat markets for expiration dates, sanitary and storage
conditions as well as product handling. Outlets found selling unhygienic
or expired products are exposed to stiff financial fines, temporary
closure or both.

## F. Certification and Documents Requirements

All food products, whether imported for commercial purpose, or for
display, or for sampling, must be fit for human consumption and should
be within the shelf life set. The products must have a label or sticker
showing the statutory information such as product name, country of
origin, producer\'s name and address, production and expiry dates, etc.
Bilingual labeling (Arabic/English) is required if the products are
commercially imported. English labeling is sufficient for foodstuffs
imported for display or sampling purposes.

For commercial importation, the following documents are required:

1\. Commercial invoice showing FOB price, freight and CFR value

2\. Certificate of origin

3\. Halal slaughter certificate for meat and meat products. Halal
certificate is also required for cheese and cheese products if they
contain rennet of animal origin.

4\. Health certificate from the country of origin

5\. Phytosanitary certificate for grain, grain products, edible nuts,
fruits, vegetables, etc,.

6\. Bill of lading or airway bill.

7\. Packing list (highly recommended to expedite product inspection and
clearing process)

8\. Weight list (for grain)

Saudi Customs accepts the original commercial invoice and country of
origin certificate attested by a local chamber of commerce and industry
located in a city or area where the foodstuffs are purchased and
shipped. Certificates number three to five listed above must be attested
by any of the Saudi missions located in the States. Before taking the
certificates to a Saudi mission, U.S. exporters must make sure that the
certificates were first authenticated by any U.S./Arab Chamber of
Commerce, U.S. Saudi Arabian Business Council, or U.S. Chamber of
Commerce located in the city or area where the exporting firm is based.

For small samples, simple documentation as follows is required:

> \* Invoice, showing consignee\'s name and address, details of
> product/s and also origin of goods.
>
> \* Packing list, if there are many items.

The above documents do not require legalization by the Saudi mission. An
exporting company stamp and signature are sufficient. It is advisable to
show on the invoice a nominal value of \$5 -\$10 for Customs purpose,
with a statement that the goods are \"Not For Sale -- No Commercial
Value\"

For clearance of sea or airfreight cargo, a full set of documentation is
required while for cargo sent by courier which do not require special
certifications such as Halal, an invoice and country of origin
certificate will be sufficient, provided the value is not more than
\$3,000.

# VII. OTHER SPECIFIC STANDARDS AND REQUIREMENTS

## A. Certificate of Islamic Slaughter

Per Saudi Arabia Standard No. SSA 630/1990 (Animal Slaughtering
Requirements According to Islamic Law), a Certificate of Islamic
Slaughter must be issued for all meat and poultry products entering the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This certificate issued by Islamic institutions
recognized by the Saudi Embassy or Consulates in the United States.
Information related to the approved Islamic institutions may be obtained
from the Saudi Embassy in Washington or the nearest Saudi Consulate (New
York, Houston, or Los Angeles). Such certificates contain language
certifying Islamic slaughter. The following language was taken from a
recently issued Islamic Slaughtering certificate issued in the United
States:

" This is to certify that an Islamic representative inspected the above
slaughter facility. The healthy animals/and or/poultry were inspected
within 12 hours previous to slaughter by the United States Department of
Agriculture official veterinarian. After processing, inspection was made
and approved by the USDA Government Health inspector. Further, the
animals and /or poultry were slaughtered under the following statement,
"slaughtered and processed in the name of God, the Almighty, Most
Gracious, Most Merciful, God is Greatest." Bismillahi Rahmani
Rahim-Allahu Akbar. The animals and /or poultry covered by this
certificate were slaughtered by means of a sharp knife, cutting through
the skin, jugular vein, and trachea, to result in thorough bleeding of
the carcass in preparation for dressing and evisceration.

## B. Baby Foods

There are two Saudi Arabian standards that establish quality
specification for baby foods.

Canned Baby Foods and infant foods based on milk are regulated by SSA
676/1992 and SSA 675/1994 respectively. Copies of the standards can be
purchased from the SASO's Information Center.

## C. Frozen Chickens

SSA 117/1979 deals with frozen chickens standard. Per the regulation,
imported frozen chickens must meet the Islamic slaughtering requirements
mentioned above. The standard also calls for salmonella testing for
imported frozen chickens. If the result of the test is positive in more
than one sample out of five samples tested, the whole shipment is
rejected.

## D. Animal Feed Requirements:

####### 

####### In 2001, the Saudi Ministry of Commerce issued a new requirement for poultry meat, beef and further processed meat and poultry products imports to the Kingdom. This directive requires that health certificates for imported poultry, and beef products clearly indicate that the animal slaughtered was not fed animal protein, animal fats, or animal by‑products before it is allowed entry into the Kingdom. In January 2006, the Kingdom implemented a two-certificate approach for U.S. poultry and bovine meat products exports. The two-stage approach consists of: (1) an official FSIS export certificate and (2) a producer or manufacturer self-certification to cover any additional requirements not related to food safety or animal health. These requirements have sharply reduced imports of U.S. livestock and poultry meat and products to the Kingdom. 

####### 

## E. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)

### 

On February 9, 2003, the Saudi Ministry of Commerce and Industry issued
the Ministerial decree number 2436 to all Chambers of Commerce in the
country requiring the insertion of a new clause in health certificates
accompanying imported meat and meat products to make sure that the
abattoirs used to produce meat & meat products exported to the Kingdom
implement the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) as a
system of production process control.

Following is the summary of unofficial translation of a copy of the new
decree number 2436:

Reference is made to the Ministerial decree #123 of April 10, 2001 which
spelled out the rules and regulations to be followed when importing all
types of meat: chilled, frozen or canned beef, veal, mutton, goat meat
and poultry meat and their by products from safe origins to the Saudi
Arabian.

Based on the need to protect consumer safety and health, it is required
to implement the HACCP regime in all abattoirs producing meat and meat
products. To facilitate this, a further Ministerial decree number 2436
was issued on February 8, 2003. The decision requires the insertion of a
new clause, referred to as number 13, to the general regulations and
condition to be followed when meat and meat products are imported to
Saudi Arabia. The text of the clause \# 13 should read as follows:

"The abattoir (s) implements HACCP procedures in all stages of meat and
meat"

## F. Animal Quarantine Regulations

Over the years, Saudi Arabia has banned cattle, meat and meat products
imports for health reasons. Cattle imports from countries affected by
Mad Cow\" disease, or Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), Foot and
Mouth, and Cattle Plaque diseases have been banned for several years.
Cattle imports from countries not affected by the diseases are subjected
to strict quarantine regulations on arrival at Saudi ports. The country
also bans meat and meat derivatives from countries affected by BSE (the
Kingdom banned live cattle and cattle meat imports from Washington State
due to the BSE case in that State). Saudi Arabia also banned
transshipped livestock meat through countries banned from exporting meat
and meat products because of infestation by BSE, FMD and other animal
diseases. In addition it requested additional statements on the health
certificate accompanying livestock and poultry meat shipment to indicate
that the animals slaughtered for export to the Kingdom were not fed
animal ruminants and were not treated with growth hormones.

Imports of live poultry, poultry meat and products are banned from
countries affected by bird flu. Imports of live poultry are also banned
from countries with the West Nile Virus epidemic.

# VIII. COPYRIGHT AND/OR TRADEMARK LAWS

Royal Decree No. M/5 and Resolution of Council of Ministers No. 75 dated
1984 regulate trademark registration laws in the Kingdom. According to
the decree, trademarks are registered with the Trademark Registration
Department of the Saudi Ministry of Commerce and Industry through a
local agent or lawyer.

Once registration application is received, the Trademark Registration
Department will require one month time to study the presented documents
to decided on the request. If an application is approved, the department
will publish the trademark in the official government Arabic language
newspaper (Hum Al-Qura) with the cost of publication paid by the agent
or owner of the trademark. The total registration cost is estimated at
about \$2,000. Registered trademarks are protected for 10 years and can
be renewed for another similar period or periods without any new
inspection after republishing it in the official paper.

# IX. IMPORT PROCEDURES

The majority of Saudi food imports enter the country via Jeddah port on
the Red Sea or Dammam port on the Arabian Gulf. About 60-70 percent of
all foodstuffs enter Jeddah port. Imports from Jordan, Syria, and nearby
countries enter the Kingdom by truck.

King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh and King Abdulaziz
International Airport in Jeddah also receive significant quantities of
food items, particularly fresh fruits, vegetables and chilled meat.
Fresh and chilled products are usually cleared within 24 hours of
arrival.

## Customs Clearance

As stated earlier, foodstuff shipments must be accompanied by commercial
invoice, health certificates and other documents listed in page 9. An
importer translates the commercial invoice into Arabic language (per
Saudi customs requirements) and hands it to his customs clearing agent
along with the other required documents in order to start customs
clearing process. Containers can be cleared in less than ten days
provided all required documents are in order and imported products meet
Saudi Arabian/Gulf specifications. If products are rejected by one of
the Saudi Ministry of Commerce and Industry laboratories at a port of
entry, an importer can appeal for re-test to the Director General of the
Quality Control and Inspections Department of the Ministry. If an appeal
is accepted, the Director General orders a sample (s) sent and re-tested
by another Ministry's laboratory located in a different port (city). If
the second test authenticates the initial results, the exporter is
ordered to re-export or destroy the product.

APPENDIX I. GOVERNMENT REGULATORY AGENCY CONTACTS

In Saudi Arabia, standards are set by the Saudi Arabian Standards
Organization (SASO). The testing of imported goods is implemented by
Saudi Ministry of Commerce and Industry Laboratories at various ports of
entry. The following are coordinates for SASO and the Ministry of
Commerce and Industry:

Mr. Nabil Molla

> Director General of SASO and Secretary General for Standardization &
> Metrology Org. of the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries.

Tel. 966-1-452-0000

Fax: 966-1-452-0086

Website: [**www.saso.org.sa**](http://www.saso.org.sa/)

Saeed Al-Zahrani

Director Information Center

SASO

Tel: 966-1-452-0000, Extension 1335

Fax: 966-1-452-0193

Dr. Hamad Al-Awfy

Director General, Quality Control and Inspection Department

Ministry of Commerce and Industry

Tel: 966-1-401-3265

Fax: 966-1-402-8985

Website: [**www.commerce.gov.sa**](http://www.commerce.gov.sa/)

Dr. Mohammed Al-Jasir

Director General

General Directorate of Nutrition Department

Ministry of Health

Tel: 966-1-464-0811

Fax: 966-1-464-5536

Website: [**www.moh.gov.sa**](http://www.moh.gov.sa/)

Mr. Mohammed Al-Issa

Director General

Environmental Protection

Ministry of Municipality and Rural Affairs

Tel: 966-1-442-1593

Fax: 966-1-441-6748

> Live animals & plants and animal feed are inspected by the Saudi
> Ministry of Agriculture (MOA). Following are coordinates of some the
> important departments.

Dr. Abdul Ghaniy Al-Fadhl

Director General

Plant and Animal Quarantine Department

MOA

Tel: 966-1-404-4292

Fax: 966-1-401-1323

Mr. Khalid Al-Ahmed

Director General

Livestock Department (registers and tests feed additives)

MOA

Tel: 966-1-404-4555

Fax: 966-1-404-4265

Mr. Mohammed Al-Mazroa

Director General (registers and testes seeds as well as pesticides used
in foodstuff)

Agricultural Research Department

MOA

Tel: 966-1-405-5848

Fax: 966-1-405-5848

# APPENDIX II. LIST OF MAJOR FOOD ADDITIVES

Coloring Matters Used in Foodstuffs per Gulf Standard No. 23/1984

# Table-1: Natural colors permitted for use in coloring of foodstuffs

+--------------------------+------------+------------------------------+
| Color                    | Color      | Notes                        |
|                          | Index      |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
|                          | Number     |                              |
|                          | 1971       |                              |
+==========================+============+==============================+
| [Red to Yellow           | 75120      | Bixin, Norbixin              |
| Shades]{.underline}      |            |                              |
|                          | 75130      |                              |
| Annatto Extract          |            |                              |
|                          | 40820      |                              |
| Beta-Carotene            |            |                              |
|                          | 40825      |                              |
| Beta-Apo-8-Carotenal     |            |                              |
|                          | 40850      |                              |
| Beta-Apo-8-Carotenoic    |            |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| Acid                     |            |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| Canthaxanthin            |            |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| Carrot Oil               |            |                              |
+--------------------------+------------+------------------------------+
| [Red to Purple           | \-         | Grape skin extract           |
| Shade]{.underline}       |            | (anthocyanine)               |
|                          | \-         |                              |
| Enocianina               |            |                              |
|                          | \-         |                              |
| Beet Powder              |            |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| Paprika                  |            |                              |
+--------------------------+------------+------------------------------+
| [Orange and Yellow       | 75100      |                              |
| Dyes]{.underline}        |            |                              |
|                          | 75300      |                              |
| Saffron                  |            |                              |
|                          | 75300      |                              |
| Turmeric Powder          |            |                              |
|                          | \-         |                              |
| Curcumine                |            |                              |
|                          | \-         |                              |
| Turmeric Oleoresin       |            |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| Riboflavin               |            |                              |
+--------------------------+------------+------------------------------+
| [Green Dyes]{.underline} | 75810      |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| Chlorophyll              | 75810      |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| Chlorophyll copper       |            |                              |
| complex                  |            |                              |
+--------------------------+------------+------------------------------+
| [Brown Dyes]{.underline} | \-         | Plain                        |
|                          |            |                              |
| Caramel                  | \-         | Made by the ammonium         |
|                          |            | sulphite process             |
| Caramel                  |            |                              |
+--------------------------+------------+------------------------------+
| [Black Dyes]{.underline} | \-         |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| Toasted partially        |            |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| defatted cooked cotton   |            |                              |
| seed flour               |            |                              |
+--------------------------+------------+------------------------------+
| [Inorganic               | 77891      | White dye 6                  |
| Dyes]{.underline}        |            |                              |
|                          | 77489      | Metallic                     |
| Titanium dioxide         |            |                              |
|                          | 77480      | Metallic                     |
| Iron oxides              |            |                              |
|                          | 77000      |                              |
| Gold                     |            |                              |
|                          | 77820      |                              |
| Aluminum                 |            |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| Silver                   |            |                              |
+--------------------------+------------+------------------------------+
| [Different               | \-         |                              |
| Dyes]{.underline}        |            |                              |
|                          | \-         |                              |
| Fruit juices             |            |                              |
|                          |            |                              |
| Vegetable juices         |            |                              |
+--------------------------+------------+------------------------------+

# TABLE -- 2: Permitted synthetic colors for use in foodstuff

+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| Color          | Color     | Chemical Formula   | Notes             |
|                | Index     |                    |                   |
|                | Number    |                    |                   |
|                | 1971      |                    |                   |
+================+===========+====================+===================+
| [Red           | 14720     | C20 H12 N2 Na2 O7  | Food Red 3        |
| Color          |           | S2                 | (carmoisine)      |
| s]{.underline} |           |                    |                   |
|                |           |                    |                   |
| Azorubine      |           |                    |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| Erythrosine    | 45430     | C20 H6 I4 Na2 O5   | Food Red 14       |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| Ponceau 4 R    | 16255     | C20 H11 N2 Na3 O10 | Food Red 7        |
|                |           | S3                 |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| Red 2G         | 18050     | C18 H13 N3 Na2 O8  | Food Red 10       |
|                |           | S2                 |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| FD & C Red 40  | 16035     | C18 H14 N2 Na2 O8  | Food Red17        |
|                |           | S2                 | (Allura Red)      |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| [Yellow        | 15985     | C16 H10 N2 Na2 O7  | Food Yellow 3     |
| Color          |           | S2                 |                   |
| s]{.underline} |           |                    |                   |
|                |           |                    |                   |
| Sunset Yellow  |           |                    |                   |
| FCF            |           |                    |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| Tartrazine     | 19140     | C16 H9 N4 Na3 O9   | Food Yellow 4     |
|                |           | S2                 |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| Quinoline      | 47005     | C18 H9 N Na2 O8 S2 | Food brown 13     |
| Yellow         |           |                    |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| [Brown         | 20285     | C27 H18 N4 Na2 O9  | Food brown 3      |
| Color          |           | S2                 |                   |
| s]{.underline} |           |                    |                   |
|                |           |                    |                   |
| Chocolate      |           |                    |                   |
| brown HT       |           |                    |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| [Green         | 42053     | C37 H34 N2 Na2 O10 | Food green 3      |
| Color          |           | S3                 |                   |
| s]{.underline} |           |                    |                   |
|                |           |                    |                   |
| Fast green FCF |           |                    |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| [Blue          | 73015     | C16 H8 N2 Na2 O8   | Food blue         |
| Color          |           | S2                 | 1(Indigo carmine) |
| s]{.underline} |           |                    |                   |
|                |           |                    |                   |
| Indigotine     |           |                    |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| Brilliant Blue | 42090     | C37 H34 N2 Na2 O9  | Food blue 2       |
| FCF            |           | S2                 |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+
| [Black         | 28440     | C28 H17 N5 Na4 O14 | Food black 1      |
| Color          |           | S4                 |                   |
| s]{.underline} |           |                    |                   |
|                |           |                    |                   |
| Brilliant      |           |                    |                   |
| Black PN       |           |                    |                   |
+----------------+-----------+--------------------+-------------------+

# TABLE -- 3: Requirements for synthetic colors 

+-----------------+--------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
| Property        | Purity | Vo       | Water    | Ether    | Su       |
|                 |        | latile\* |          |          | bsidiary |
|                 | (dye)  |          | I        | Extract  |          |
|                 |        | Matter   | nsoluble |          | \%       |
|                 | \%     |          |          | \%       |          |
|                 |        | at 135C  | \%       |          | Max.     |
|                 | Min.   |          |          | Max.     |          |
|                 |        | \%       | Max.     |          |          |
|                 |        |          |          |          |          |
|                 |        | Max.     |          |          |          |
+=================+========+==========+==========+==========+==========+
| Azorubine       | 85     | 15       | 0.2      | 0.2      | 2        |
|                 |        |          |          |          |          |
| Erythrosine     | 85     | 15       | 0.2      | 0.2      | \-       |
|                 |        |          |          |          |          |
| Ponceau 4R      | 82     | 18       | 0.2      | 0.2      | 2        |
|                 |        |          |          |          |          |
| Red 2G          | 82     | 18       | 0.2      | 0.2      | 2        |
|                 |        |          |          |          |          |
| Sunset Yellow   | 85     | 15       | 0.2      | 0.2      | 4        |
| FCF             |        |          |          |          |          |
|                 | 85     | 15       | 0.2      | 0.2      | 1        |
| Tartrazine      |        |          |          |          |          |
|                 | \-     | \-       | 0.2      | 0.2      | \-       |
| Quinoline       |        |          |          |          |          |
| Yellow          | 80     | 20       | \-       | 0.2      | 15       |
|                 |        |          |          |          |          |
| Chocolate Brown | 85     | 15       | 0.2      | 0.2      | 1        |
| HT              |        |          |          |          |          |
|                 | 85     | 15       | 0.2      | 0.2      | 1        |
| Fast green FCF  |        |          |          |          |          |
|                 | 85     | 15       | 0.2      | 0.2      | 3        |
| Indigotine      |        |          |          |          |          |
|                 | 84     | 15       | 0.2      | 0.2      | 4        |
| Brilliant Blue  |        |          |          |          |          |
| FCF             | 85     | 14       | 0.2      | \-       | \-       |
|                 |        |          |          |          |          |
| Brilliant Black |        |          |          |          |          |
| PN              |        |          |          |          |          |
|                 |        |          |          |          |          |
| FD & C Red 40   |        |          |          |          |          |
+-----------------+--------+----------+----------+----------+----------+

# TABLE -- 4: Number of containers selected as sample from coloring matter

+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Lot size         | Number of containers to be selected               |
+==================+===================================================+
| 2 - 15           | 2                                                 |
|                  |                                                   |
| 16 - 40          | 3                                                 |
|                  |                                                   |
| 41 - 65          | 4                                                 |
|                  |                                                   |
| 66 - 110         | 7                                                 |
|                  |                                                   |
| More than 110    | 10                                                |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+

# Permissible Daily Intake of the Coloring Matterals Per Body Weight (Appendix 1)

# 

+------------------------+----------+-----------------------+----------+
| Colors                 | \*ADI    | Colors                | \*ADI    |
+========================+==========+=======================+==========+
| Annatto                | 0-1.25   | Iron oxides           | 0-0.5    |
|                        |          |                       |          |
| Azorubine              | 0-1.25   | Ponceau 4 R           | 0-0.125  |
|                        |          |                       |          |
| Beta-Carotene          | 0-5      | Quinoline Yellow      | 0-0.5    |
|                        |          |                       |          |
| Beta-Apo-8-Carotenal   | 0-5      | Red 2 G               | 0-0.006  |
|                        |          |                       |          |
| Beta-Apo-8-Carotenoic  | 0-5      | Riboflavin            | 0-0.5    |
| acid                   |          |                       |          |
|                        | \-       | Sunset yellow FCF     | 0-5      |
| Beet powder            |          |                       |          |
|                        | 0.2.5    | Tartrazine            | 0-7.5    |
| Brilliant black PN     |          |                       |          |
|                        | 0-12.5   | Titanium Dioxide      | \-       |
| Brilliant blue FCF     |          |                       |          |
|                        | 0-25     | FD & C Red 40         | \-       |
| Canthaxanthine         |          |                       |          |
|                        | \-       | Aluminum              | \-       |
| Caramel                |          |                       |          |
|                        | 0-100    | Enocianine            | \-       |
| Caramel made by        |          |                       |          |
| ammonium               | \-       | Carrot oil            | \-       |
|                        |          |                       |          |
| Sulphite process       | 0-15     |                       |          |
|                        |          |                       |          |
| Chlorophyll            | 0-0.25   |                       |          |
|                        |          |                       |          |
| Chlorophyll copper     | 0-2.5    |                       |          |
| complex                |          |                       |          |
|                        | 0-0.1    |                       |          |
| Chocolate brown HT     |          |                       |          |
|                        | 0-2.5    |                       |          |
| Turmeric               |          |                       |          |
|                        | 0-12.5   |                       |          |
| Curcumine              |          |                       |          |
|                        | \-       |                       |          |
| Erythrosine            |          |                       |          |
|                        | 0-5      |                       |          |
| Fast green FCF         |          |                       |          |
|                        |          |                       |          |
| Gold                   |          |                       |          |
|                        |          |                       |          |
| Indigotine             |          |                       |          |
+------------------------+----------+-----------------------+----------+

\* \<\<Acceptable Daily Intake\>\> expressed as mg/kg body weight.

Preservatives Permitted for Use in Food Products per Gulf Standard No.
356/1994

+--------------------------+-----+-----------------------------+------+
| Preservatives            | EEC | Preservatives               | EEC  |
|                          | No. |                             | No.  |
+==========================+=====+=============================+======+
| Sorbic acid              | 200 | Diphenyl (Biphenyl)         | 230  |
|                          |     |                             |      |
| Sodium sorbat            | 201 | Orthophenyl phenol          | 231  |
|                          |     |                             |      |
| Potassium sorbat         | 202 | Sodium Orthophenyl phenate  | 232  |
|                          |     |                             |      |
| Calcium sorbat           | 203 | Thiabendazole               | 233  |
|                          |     |                             |      |
| Benzoic acid             | 210 | Formic acid                 | 236  |
|                          |     |                             |      |
| Sodium benzoate          | 211 | Sodium formate              | 237  |
|                          |     |                             |      |
| Potassium benzoate       | 212 | Calcium formate             | 238  |
|                          |     |                             |      |
| Calcium benzoate         | 213 | Hexamine (heamethylene      | 239  |
|                          |     | teteramine)                 |      |
| Ethyl P-Hydroxy benzoate | 214 |                             | 249  |
|                          |     | Potassium nitrite           |      |
| Ethyl P-Hydroxy benzoate | 215 |                             | 250  |
| Sodium                   |     | Sodium nitrite              |      |
|                          | 216 |                             | 251  |
| Propyl P-Hydroxy         |     | Sodium nitrite              |      |
| benzoate                 | 217 |                             | 252  |
|                          |     | Potassium nitrite           |      |
| Propyl P-Hydroxy         | 218 |                             | 260  |
| benzoate Sodium          |     | Acetic acid                 |      |
|                          | 219 |                             | 261  |
| Methyl P-Hydroxy         |     | Potassium acetate           |      |
| benzoate                 | 220 |                             | 262  |
|                          |     | Sodium diacetate            |      |
| Methyl P-Hydroxy         | 221 |                             | 263  |
| benzoate Sodium          |     | Calcium acetate             |      |
|                          | 222 |                             | 270  |
| Sulphur dioxide          |     | Lactic acid                 |      |
|                          | 223 |                             | 280  |
| Sodium sulphite          |     | Propionic acid              |      |
|                          | 224 |                             | 281  |
| Sodium bisulphite        |     | Sodium propionate           |      |
|                          | 226 |                             | 282  |
| Sodium metabisulphite    |     | Calcium propionate          |      |
|                          | 227 |                             | 283  |
| Potassium metabisulphite |     | Potassium propionate        |      |
|                          | \-  |                             | 290  |
| Calcium sulphite         |     | Carbon dioxide              |      |
|                          | \-  |                             | \-   |
| Calcium bisulphite       |     | Calcium disodium ethylene   |      |
|                          |     | diamine tetra-acetate       | \-   |
| Natamycin (pimaricin)    |     |                             |      |
|                          |     | Disodium ethylene diamine   | \-   |
| Nisin                    |     | tetra acetate               |      |
|                          |     |                             |      |
|                          |     | Heptyl Paraban              |      |
+--------------------------+-----+-----------------------------+------+

Antioxidants Permitted for Use in Foodstuffs per Gulf Standard No.
357/1994

+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| EEC NO.  | Antioxidant                                               |
+==========+===========================================================+
| 220      | Sulphur dioxide                                           |
|          |                                                           |
| 221      | Sodium sulphite                                           |
|          |                                                           |
| 222      | Sodium bisulphite                                         |
|          |                                                           |
| 223      | Sodium metabisulphite                                     |
|          |                                                           |
| 224      | Potassium metabisulphite                                  |
|          |                                                           |
| 226      | Calcium sulphite                                          |
|          |                                                           |
| 300      | L-ascorbic acid                                           |
|          |                                                           |
| 301      | Sodium ascorbate                                          |
|          |                                                           |
| 302      | Calcium ascorbate                                         |
|          |                                                           |
| 304      | Ascorbyl palmitate                                        |
|          |                                                           |
| 306      | Tocopherol (from nature sources)                          |
|          |                                                           |
| 307      | Alpha-tocopherol (synthetic)                              |
|          |                                                           |
| 308      | Gamma-tocopherol (synthetic)                              |
|          |                                                           |
| 309      | Delta-tocopherol (synthetic)                              |
|          |                                                           |
| 310      | Propyl gallate                                            |
|          |                                                           |
| 311      | Octyl gallate                                             |
|          |                                                           |
| 312      | Dodecyl gallate                                           |
|          |                                                           |
| 320      | Butylated hydroxyanisole                                  |
|          |                                                           |
| 321      | Butylated hydroxy toluene                                 |
|          |                                                           |
| 322      | Lecithin                                                  |
|          |                                                           |
| \-       | Isoascorbic acid (erythorbic) and its sodium salt         |
|          |                                                           |
| \-       | Tertiary butyl hydroquinone                               |
|          |                                                           |
| \-       | Trihydroxy butrophenone                                   |
|          |                                                           |
| \-       | Thiodipropionic acid                                      |
|          |                                                           |
| \-       | 4-Hydroxymethyl 2-6 ditert butyl phenol                   |
|          |                                                           |
| \-       | Guaiac resin (guaiac gum artificial )                     |
|          |                                                           |
| 270      | Lactic acid                                               |
|          |                                                           |
| 325      | Sodium lactate                                            |
|          |                                                           |
| 326      | Potassium lactate                                         |
|          |                                                           |
| 327      | Calcium lactate                                           |
|          |                                                           |
| 330      | Citric acid                                               |
|          |                                                           |
| 331      | Sodium citrate                                            |
|          |                                                           |
| 332      | Potassium citrates                                        |
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| 333      | Calcium citrates                                          |
|          |                                                           |
| 334      | Tartaric acid                                             |
|          |                                                           |
| 335      | Sodium tartrates                                          |
|          |                                                           |
| 336      | Potassium tartrate                                        |
|          |                                                           |
| 337      | Sodium Potassium tartrate                                 |
|          |                                                           |
| 338      | Orthophosphoric acid                                      |
|          |                                                           |
| 339      | Sodium orthophosphate                                     |
|          |                                                           |
| 340      | Potassium orthophosphate                                  |
|          |                                                           |
| 341      | Calcium orthophosphate                                    |
|          |                                                           |
| 472      | Citric acid esters of mono and di-glycerides of fatty     |
|          | acids (citroglycerides)                                   |
| \-       |                                                           |
|          | Phosphoric acid                                           |
| 385      |                                                           |
|          | Ethylenediamine tetra-acetic calcium disodium             |
| \-       |                                                           |
|          | Ethylenediamine tetra-acetic disodium                     |
+----------+-----------------------------------------------------------+

Emulsifiers , Stabilizers and Thickeneres Permitted for use in Food
Products \*

+---------+---+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| E.E.C   | N |                                                           |
| No.     | A |                                                           |
|         | M |                                                           |
|         | E |                                                           |
+=========+===+===========================================================+
|         |   |                                                           |
+---------+---+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| 322     | L |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
| 339     | c |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
| 340     | h |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
| 341     | n |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
| 400     |   |                                                           |
|         | S |                                                           |
| 401     | o |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
| 402     | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
| 403     | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
| 404     | r |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
| 405     | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
| 406     | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
| 407     | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
| 410     | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
| \-      | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
| 412     | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
| 413     | : |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
| 414     | \ |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
| 415     | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
| 416     | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
| 420     | s |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
| 421     | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
| 422     | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
| 430     | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
| 432     | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
| 433     | d |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
| 434     | o |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
| 435     | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
| \-      | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
| 436     | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
| \-      | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | \ |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | \ |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | \ |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | \ |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | \ |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | C |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | \ |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | \ |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | \ |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | A |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | S |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | A |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | C |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | 1 |                                                           |
|         | , |                                                           |
|         | 2 |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | d |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | ( |                                                           |
|         | G |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | ) |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | A |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | C |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | L |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | b |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | G |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | G |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | T |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | A |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | X |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | K |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | g |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | S |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | b |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | , |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | b |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | M |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | G |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | c |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | x |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | ( |                                                           |
|         | 8 |                                                           |
|         | ) |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | x |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | ( |                                                           |
|         | 2 |                                                           |
|         | 0 |                                                           |
|         | ) |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | b |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | u |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | x |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | ( |                                                           |
|         | 2 |                                                           |
|         | 0 |                                                           |
|         | ) |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | b |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | x |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | ( |                                                           |
|         | 2 |                                                           |
|         | 0 |                                                           |
|         | ) |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | b |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | p |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | x |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | ( |                                                           |
|         | 2 |                                                           |
|         | 0 |                                                           |
|         | ) |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | b |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | m |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | x |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | ( |                                                           |
|         | 2 |                                                           |
|         | 0 |                                                           |
|         | ) |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | b |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | x |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | ( |                                                           |
|         | 8 |                                                           |
|         | ) |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | b |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | i |                                                           |
|         | - |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
|         | P |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | o |                                                           |
|         | x |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | h |                                                           |
|         | y |                                                           |
|         | l |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | n |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | ( |                                                           |
|         | 4 |                                                           |
|         | 0 |                                                           |
|         | ) |                                                           |
|         | s |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | r |                                                           |
|         | a |                                                           |
|         | t |                                                           |
|         | e |                                                           |
|         | . |                                                           |
+---------+---+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| \-      |   | Amylose and amylopectin                                   |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Calcium acetate                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Cholic acid                                               |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Desoxy cholic acid                                        |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Modified starch                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Polydextroses A x N                                       |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Potassium sodium L (+) tartrate                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Tartric acid                                              |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Polyvinyl pyrolidone                                      |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Sodium casinate                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Succinylated moboglycerides                               |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Sodium stearyl fumarate                                   |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Gelatin edible                                            |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Sorboyl palmitate                                         |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Stearyl citrate                                           |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Stearyl tartrate                                          |
|         |   |                                                           |
| \-      |   | Stearyl monoglyceridyl citrate.                           |
+---------+---+-----------------------------------------------------------+

#  

# APPENDIX III. IMPORT TARIFFS

Saudi Arabia imposes a 5 percent import duty on all food and
agricultural products with the exception of the following:

## A. Products Imported Duty Free 

Because Saudi Arabia is largely desert land, crop production depends
entirely on irrigation, mainly from non-renewable underground water.
Recognizing the country's limited agricultural potential, the Saudi
Government has exempted selected foodstuffs, feed, and livestock from
import duties.

## B. Products Subject to 6,7, 8,10, 12, 20, 25 or 40 percent Import Tariff

### 

In order to protect local food processing and production from
competitively priced foodstuff imports, the Kingdom levies a 6, 7, 8,
10, 12, 20, 25 or 40 percent import duty depending on the level of local
production of similar products. As a general rule, the maximum import
tariff rate of 40 percent is applied when local production of a food or
agricultural product exceeds self-sufficiency level. Currently, the 40
percent import duty applies only to fresh, dried and processed dates. To
discourage consumption, a maximum tariff of 100 percent is imposed on
tobacco and tobacco products.

## C. Import Bans

For religious reasons, Saudi Arabia bans the importation of alcoholic
beverages, live swine, pork and foodstuff ingredients or additives that
contain pork products including pork fat, and gelatin. Meat and poultry
shipments must be accompanied by a "Halal" slaughter certificate issued
by an Islamic center in the country of origin. For complete list of
Saudi Arabian 2006 Applied Tariff Rates for Agricultural Products,
please see our GAIN Report Number SA6006 which was issued on 5/31/2006.