# Region 3: Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA 

# I. Geographic Boundaries, Political Jurisdictions, and Infrastructure

![](media/image1.jpeg){width="5.895833333333333in"
height="3.9694444444444446in"}

Map 3.1 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA Major Highways, Fixed
Guideway, and Ferry

The Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA Combined Statistical Area (CSA)
located in the Pacific southwest of the continental United States
consists of the five counties of Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San
Bernardino, and Ventura. The CSA is approximately 34,000 square miles
with a population of 16,365,553, which accounts for over 48 percent of
the state of California's total population of 33,871,648.

Fixed guideway, ferry, and bus transit serve the Los Angeles-Long
Beach-Riverside, CA CSA. Interstates 5, 10, 15, 40, 110,210,215, 405,
and 605 and the United States highways of 95, 101, and 395 are the major
highways in and around the three central cities of the CSA.

The central cities of Los Angeles, Long Beach, and Riverside are located
along the southwest part of the CSA within close proximity to the
Pacific Ocean, over 132 miles from the United States and Mexico border.
Several mountain ranges, the Mojave Desert, and forest areas border the
CSA to the east. The population of Los Angeles, Long Beach, and
Riverside combined is 4,411,508, or 27 percent of the total CSA
population.

The Los Angeles, CA CSA climate is mild, reasonably wet in the winter
and warm to hot, mildly humid in the summer. Los Angeles and the
surrounding communities are commonly affected by a \'marine layer\', a
dense cloud cover caused by the proximity of the ocean, which helps keep
the temperatures cooler throughout the year.

#  

# Agencies Operating in the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA

+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| **Agency**       | **Jurisdiction**       | **Pop   | **Ope  | *   |
|                  |                        | ulation | rating | *St |
|                  |                        | S       | Bu     | aff |
|                  |                        | erved** | dget** | Siz |
|                  |                        |         |        | e** |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| California       | District 12 Orange     | 16,     | \$304  | 2   |
| Department of    | District 7 Los         | 365,553 | m      | 511 |
| Transportation   | Angeles/Ventura        |         | illion |     |
|                  | Counties District 8    |         |        | 1   |
|                  | San Bernandino and     |         | \$144  | 400 |
|                  | Riverside              |         | m      |     |
|                  |                        |         | illion |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Southern         | Ventura, Los Angeles,  | 18,     | *(a)*  | 105 |
| California       | Orange, San            | 000,000 |        |     |
| Association of   | Bernandino, Riverside, |         |        |     |
| Governments      | and Imperial Counties  |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Southern         | Counties of Los        | 11,     | *(a)*  | *(  |
| California       | Angeles, Orange, San   | 789,487 |        | a)* |
| Regional Rail    | Bernardino, Riverside  |         |        |     |
| Authority        | and Ventura            |         |        |     |
| (METROLINK)      |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Los Angeles      | Los Angeles County     | 11,     | *(a)*  | 9,  |
| County           |                        | 789,487 |        | 200 |
| Metropolitan     |                        |         |        |     |
| Transportation   |                        |         |        |     |
| Authority        |                        |         |        |     |
| (METRO)          |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| **Ventura County |                        |         | * *    |     |
| Transit**        |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Camarillo Area   | City of Camarillo      | 57,077  | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Moorpark City    | City of Moorpark       | 31,415  | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Simi Valley Area | City of Simi Valley    | 111,351 | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| South Coast Area | Cities of Ojai,        | 300,000 | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          | Oxnard, Port Hueneme,  |         |        | a)* |
|                  | Ventura                |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Thousand Oaks    | Newbury Park, Thousand | 200,000 | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          | Oaks, and the Westlake |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Ventura          | Ventura County         | 753,000 | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Intercity        |                        |         |        | a)* |
| Service Transit  |                        |         |        |     |
| Authority        |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Ojai City        | Cities of Meiners,     | 170,000 | *(a)*  | 15  |
| Trolley          | Oaks, and Ojai         |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| **Los Angeles    |                        |         | *(a)*  | *(  |
| County Transit** |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Santa Clarita    | City of Santa Clarita  | 151,088 | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Antelope Valley  | Cities of Lancaster    | 240,00  | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          | and Palmdale           |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Kern Regional    | County of Kern/        | 120,000 | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          | Lancaster, CA          |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+

+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| **Agency**       | **Jurisdiction**       | **Popul | *      | *   |
|                  |                        | ation** | *Opera | *St |
|                  |                        |         | ting** | aff |
|                  |                        | **S     |        | Siz |
|                  |                        | erved** | **Bu   | e** |
|                  |                        |         | dget** |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Azusa            | City of Azusa          | 44,700  | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transportation   |                        |         |        | a)* |
| Department       |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Bell Gardens     | City of Bell Gardens   | 44,000  | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Town Trolley     |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Beverly Hills    | City of Beverly Hills  | 33,784  | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Trolley          |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Burbank Local    | City of Burbank        | 100,000 | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Catalina Express | Long Beach-Dana        | 500,000 | *(a)*  | *(  |
|                  | Point-Long Beach-San   |         |        | a)* |
|                  | Pedro-Catalina         |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Catalina Flyer   | Newport Beach-Catalina | 70,000  | *(a)*  | *(  |
|                  |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Culver CityBus   | City of Culver         | 38,800  | *(a)*  | *(  |
|                  |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Foothill Transit | San Gabriel Valley     |         | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Agency           |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Gardena          | City of Gardena        | 57,740  | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Municipal Bus    |                        |         |        | a)* |
| Lines            |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Glendale Beeline | City of Glendale       | 194,973 | *(a)*  | *(  |
|                  |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Laguna Beach     | City of Laguna Beach   | 31,000  | *(a)*  | *(  |
|                  |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Long Beach       | Long Beach, Carson,    | 500,000 | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          | Compton, Paramount,    |         |        | a)* |
|                  | Bellflower, Artesia,   |         |        |     |
|                  | Cerritos, Hawaiian     |         |        |     |
|                  | Gardens, Norwalk, and  |         |        |     |
|                  | Seal Beach             |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Lynwood Trolley  | City of Lynwood        | 70,000  | *(a)*  | *(  |
|                  |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Montebello Bus   | City of Montebello     | 62,150  | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Lines            |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Monterey Park    | City of Monterey       | 29,674  | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Spirit           |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Norwalk Transit  | Norwalk/Santa Fe       | *(a)*   | *(a)*  | *(  |
|                  | Springs                |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Palos Verdes     | Palos Verdes Peninsula | *(a)*   | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Peninsula        |                        |         |        | a)* |
| Transit          |                        |         |        |     |
| Authority        |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Pasadena Area    | Pasadena               | 133,900 | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Rapid Transit    |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Santa Fe Springs | Santa Fe Springs, CA   |         | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Tram             |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Santa Monica     | Santa Monica / Los     | *(a)*   | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Municipal Bus    | Angeles                |         |        | a)* |
| Lines            |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+

+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| **Agency**       | **Jurisdiction**       | **Popul | *      | *   |
|                  |                        | ation** | *Opera | *St |
|                  |                        |         | ting** | aff |
|                  |                        | **S     |        | Siz |
|                  |                        | erved** | **Bu   | e** |
|                  |                        |         | dget** |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| **San Bernardino |                        |         |        |     |
| County**         |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Omnitrans        | San Bernardino County  | 185,401 | \$69.5 | 790 |
|                  |                        |         | m      |     |
|                  |                        |         | illion |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| SunLines Transit | Cities of Palm         | 50,000  | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Agency           | Springs, Desert Hot    |         |        | a)* |
|                  | Springs, Cathedral     |         |        |     |
|                  | City, Rancho Mirage,   |         |        |     |
|                  | Palm Desert, Indian    |         |        |     |
|                  | Wells, La Quinta,      |         |        |     |
|                  | Indio, Coachella, and  |         |        |     |
|                  | Riverside County       |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Victor Valley    | Apple                  | *(a)*   | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transit          | Valle                  |         |        | a)* |
| Authority        | y-Hesperia-Victorville |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| **Riverside      |                        | *(a)*   | *(a)*  | *(  |
| County Transit** |                        |         |        | a)* |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Riverside        | Cities of Riverside,   | 300,000 | \$42   | 355 |
| Transit Agency   | Corona, Beaumont and   |         | m      |     |
|                  | Banning                |         | illion |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Palo Verde       | Ehrenberg, east        | *(a)*   | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Valley Transit   | Blythe, Blythe, Palo   |         |        | a)* |
| Agency           | Verde College, Mesa    |         |        |     |
|                  | Verde                  |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
|                  |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| #                |                        |         |        |     |
| ## Orange County |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+
| Orange County    | Orange County          | 2,      | *(a)*  | *(  |
| Transportation   |                        | 846,289 |        | a)* |
| Authority        |                        |         |        |     |
+------------------+------------------------+---------+--------+-----+

##   {#section-1 .unnumbered}

## Transit Service Area: Fixed Guideway and Bus Service Area

![](media/image3.jpeg){width="5.989583333333333in"
height="3.7395833333333335in"}

Map 3.2 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA Transit Service Area

> Over 16,676 square miles of the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA
> CSA is served by transit service from 38 transit agencies. The transit
> systems that serve the CSA can be divided into three categories: large
> urban, medium urban, and small urban systems. Among the large urban
> systems are the following:

-   [METRO]{.underline} --Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation
    Authority (LACMTA) provides 200 METRO bus lines operated by 2,570
    vehicles and four METRO rail lines operated by to the county of Los
    Angeles. METRO owns 104 heavy rail cars and 121 light rail cars. In
    FY2004, METRO carried 393,597,973 passenger trips.

-   [METROLINK]{.underline} -- Southern California Regional Rail
    Authority serves the County of Los Angeles and areas of the Orange,
    Ventura, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties that surround Los
    Angeles. METROLINK provides commuter rail using 159 heavy rail cars.
    The METROLINK service consists of seven routes that connect to
    various transit systems throughout the region.

> A total of 36 other small and medium urban transit systems operate in
> the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside CSA providing bus service to the
> METROLINK rail stations and regional entertainment and business
> centers. The small and medium transit systems operate with as few as
> 18 buses or up to 250 buses. The only exception is Catalina Express,
> which is a private operator of the Ferry service to Catalina Island
> from Long Beach, San Pedro, and Dana Point.

## Number and Proportion of Minority, Below Poverty, and Limited English Proficient Populations in Relation to the Transit Service Area

![](media/image4.jpeg){width="5.645833333333333in"
height="3.484027777777778in"}

Map 3.3 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA Minority Population

Total Number of Census Tracts in CSA 3,373

Total Population of CSA 16,365,553

Total Minority Population residing in CSA 7,344,772

Regional Average of Minority Population in the CSA 44%

Number (%) of Census Tracts with above average minority population 1,720
(51%)

Total Minority Population in the above average census tracts 5,439,439

The regional average minority population for the Los Angeles-Long
Beach-Riverside CSA is 44 percent of the total population. As shown in
Map 3.3, 1,720 of the 3,373 tracts (51 percent) have minority
populations that exceed the regional average. Many of these tracts are
located in the Los Angeles and Long Beach areas. The total minority
population of these 1,720 tracts is 5,439,439, or 33 percent of the
total regional population.

As shown in the Minority Population map, the bus service area of the 36
transit systems operating in the CSA provides service in census tracts
with above average minority populations. Eight census tracts with a
population of 51,700, or .3 percent of the entire population, are
located outside the transit service area.

![](media/image6.jpeg){width="6.245833333333334in" height="4.30625in"}

![](media/image7.jpeg){width="6.010416666666667in"
height="3.7604166666666665in"}

Map 3.4 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA Below Poverty
Population

Total Number of Census Tracts in CSA 3,373

Total Population of CSA 16,365,553

Total Below Poverty Population residing in CSA 2,510,110

Regional Average of Below Poverty Population in the CSA 15%

Number (%) of Census Tracts with above average Below Poverty pop. 1,388
(41%)

Total Below Poverty Population in the above average census tracts
1,803,210

Approximately 15 percent (2,510,110 persons) of the regional population
for the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside CSA lives below the poverty
level. As shown in Map 3.4, 1,388 of the census tracts (41 percent) have
higher than average percentages of people living in poverty. A number of
these tracts are in the central cities of Los Angeles and Long Beach.
These areas are located in the transit system service areas of the CSA.

Four rural census tracts located in the Mojave Desert region of San
Bernardino County appear with an above average below poverty level
population. These census tracts have a below poverty level population of
approximately 3,200, which is 18 percent of the 17,000 total population
located in the census tracts. These census tracts, including four other
census tracts have a total population of 51,700, or .3 percent of the
entire CSA population, are not located within a transit system service
area.

![](media/image8.jpeg){width="6.245833333333334in" height="4.2in"}

![](media/image9.jpeg){width="5.989583333333333in"
height="3.7395833333333335in"}

Map 3.5 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA Limited English
Proficient

![](media/image10.jpeg){width="4.622916666666667in" height="3.10625in"}

Map 3.5A Coachella, CA Limited English Proficient in Riverside County

![](media/image11.jpeg){width="4.885416666666667in"
height="2.6458333333333335in"}

Map 3.5B Oxnard, CA Limited English Proficient in Ventura County

Total Number of Census Tracts in CSA 3,373

Total Population of CSA 16,365,553

Total Population 5 years and older of CSA 15,124,980

Total LEP Population\* residing in CSA 3,707,686

Regional Average of LEP Population\* in the CSA 24%

Number ( %) of Census Tracts with above average LEP population\* 1,459
(43%)

Total LEP Population\* in the above average census tracts 2,777,064

\* LEP includes those 5 years of age and older

The Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside CSA has a population of 3.7 million
people who have limited English proficiency (LEP). This represents 24
percent of the regional population. A total of 1,459 of the census
tracts (43 percent) have higher than average percentages of people with
limited English proficiency. The concentrations of LEP persons are
mostly in the central city areas of Los Angeles, Long Beach, and Garden
Grove. Smaller concentrations of LEP persons are found in southern
Riverside County (see Map 3.5A) and northern Ventura County (see Map
3.5B).

The largest concentrations of LEP persons are in Los Angeles with over
900 census tracts with a total population over one million in limited
English proficient persons. The Coachella area in Riverside County
Garden Grove area has the second highest concentration of census tracts
(152) with higher than average percentages of persons with limited
English proficiency (591,066). The Coachella area in Riverside County
has 15 census tracts where the above average percentage of limited
English proficient persons is over 50 percent (59,971) of the 84,339
total population. The cities of Garden Grove and Long Beach both had
populations of LEP persons of over 60 percent for a total of over
800,000 persons. The above average populations of LEP persons are
located in the CSA's transit system service areas. Approximately 51,700,
or .3 percent of the entire CSA population, live outside the transit
system service areas.

## Number and Proportion of Zero Car Households: Greater than the Regional Average 

![](media/image12.jpeg){width="6.0in" height="4.033333333333333in"}

![](media/image13.jpeg){width="6.010416666666667in"
height="3.7604166666666665in"}

Map 3.6 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA Zero Car Households

Total Number of Census Tracts in CSA 3,373

Total Households in the CSA 5,347,107

Total Zero Car Households in CSA 537,885

Regional Average of Zero Car Households in the CSA 11%

Number (%) of Census Tracts with above average Zero Car Households 1,153
(34%)

Total Zero Car Households in the above average census tracts 352,074

The average for households without vehicles is 11 percent of the total
households located in the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside CSA. There
are 1,153 census tracts (34 percent) in which the number of zero car
households exceeds the regional average. A total of 537,885 households
in the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside CSA are households without
vehicles. All but one census tract in which the number of zero car
households exceeds the regional average is within the transit service
area; however, the one census tract in San Bernardino County accounts
for less than one percent (38 households) of the total households
without cars in the CSA.

Most of the households with zero cars are within the urban areas,
particularly Los Angeles and Long Beach. Aside from approximately 12
census tracts in Los Angeles and Long Beach that have 71 percent or
greater number of zero car households, the census tracts in these areas
have above average percentages ranging between 13 and 29 percent.

Approximately 836 households, or .01 percent of the entire CSA's
households, are located in the eight census tracts outside the transit
service area.

## Number and Proportion of Minority Population with overlay of Below Poverty Population

![](media/image14.jpeg){width="6.128472222222222in"
height="4.1194444444444445in"}

![](media/image15.jpeg){width="6.010416666666667in" height="3.53125in"}

Map 3.7 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA Minority Population
with an overlay of the Below Poverty Population

The percentage of minority population is shown overlaid with the
percentage of below poverty population in the Los Angeles-Long
Beach-Riverside CSA. There are 1,173 census tracts in the CSA that have
populations of minorities and persons below the poverty level that are
greater than the regional averages for these statistics. These tracts
contain a population of over 3.9 million minorities and 1.62 million
persons below poverty level. Although not all minority areas have an
above average level of poverty, Map 3.7 shows the approximately 718
census tracts (61 percent) showing the combined above average statistics
that are located in the city of Los Angeles.

## Number and Proportion of Minority Population with overlays of Below Poverty Population and Zero Car Households

![](media/image16.jpeg){width="5.989583333333333in"
height="3.7395833333333335in"}

![](media/image17.jpeg){width="6.010416666666667in"
height="3.7604166666666665in"}

Map 3.8 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA Proportion of Minority
Population with overlays of Below Poverty Population and Zero Car
Households

The maps show the relationship of minority population, below poverty
population and zero car household statistics for the Los Angeles-Long
Beach-Riverside, CA CSA and highlight central Los Angeles. Of the 3373
total census tracts in the CSA, 1174 census tracts (357 percent) have
minority populations, below poverty populations and zero car households
that exceed the regional average for these statistics. The tracts found
to have all three above average statistics have a minority population of
over 3.8 million, 1.6 million below poverty level persons, and contain
313,614 households without vehicles.

Los Angeles contains the largest concentration of census tracts, with
919 (78 percent), having the combined above average statistics. These
census tracts have a population of over 2.9 million minorities and 1.2
million below poverty persons, along with 263,495 households without
vehicles.

## Correlation among Minority, Below Poverty, LEP Populations, and Zero Car Households

  ----------------- ------------ ------------------ ----------- -----------
  * *               *Minority*   *Below Poverty*    *LEP*       *Zero Car*

  Minority          1.00                                        

  Below Poverty     0.75         1.00                           

  LEP               0.79         0.77               1.00        

  Zero Car          0.45         0.68               0.50        1.00
  ----------------- ------------ ------------------ ----------- -----------

In the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside CSA there is a positive
correlation between minority, below poverty, and limited English
proficient populations, as well as the zero car households. The
strongest correlations are between LEP populations and minority (0.79)
and below poverty (0.77), followed by a coefficient of 0.75 for the
minority and below poverty populations. At 0.68 there is a moderate
positive correlation between the below poverty population and zero car
households. The zero car households have a positive correlation with the
minority and LEP populations with correlation coefficients of 0.50.

## Natural Disasters

  --------------------- ---------------- --------------------- ---------- -------------
  **Event**             **Date**         **Location**          **Human    **Financial
                                                               Impact**   Impact**

  **Flood/Mudslides**   February 3, 1993 Los Angeles, Orange,  *(a)*      *(a)*
                                         Riverside, San                   
                                         Bernardino, and                  
                                         Ventura                          

  **Flood/Mudslides**   November 17,     Los Angeles           *(a)*      *(a)*
                        1994                                              

  **Flood/Mudslides**   February 4, 2005 Los Angeles, Orange,  *(a)*      *(a)*
                                         Riverside, San                   
                                         Bernardino, and                  
                                         Ventura                          

  **Flood/Mudslides**   April 14, 2005   Los Angeles, Orange,  *(a)*      *(a)*
                                         Riverside, San                   
                                         Bernardino, and                  
                                         Ventura                          

  **Earthquake**        January 17, 1994 Los Angeles           51 deaths  \$15 billion
                                                               9,000      
                                                               injured    

  **Fire**              October 27, 2003 Los Angeles,          22 deaths  \$12 billion
                                         Riverside, San                   
                                         Bernardino, and                  
                                         Ventura                          

  *(a) Not available*                                                      
  --------------------- ---------------- --------------------- ---------- -------------

Table 3.3 20-Year History of Natural Disasters in the Los Angeles-Long
Beach-Riverside, CA CSA *(Source: FEMA)*

The Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA has had floods, an
earthquake, and wildfires over the last twenty years and several of
these events were declared disasters by the Federal Emergency Management
Agency. The human financial impact numbers were not available for all of
the disasters, but the damage caused by the 1994 earthquake and 2003
wildfires were a few of the costliest events to occur in the region. As
a result of wild fires, like the one that occurred in 2003, this region
of California is also prone to flooding, landslide, and mudslide
disasters. On a scale ranging from Moderate to High, to Very High Risk,
the United States Geological Survey rates the state of California as
having a Very High Risk of earthquakes.

## Man-made Disasters

A review of information available through state and federal sources for
the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA did not indicate that a
man-made disaster had occurred in the last 20 years. However, news
articles and a listing of America's nuclear power plants on the Internet
have indicated that potential threats have occurred at the nuclear power
station in Orange County. In 2001, a circuit breaker failed at the San
Onofre Nuclear Generating Station that caused a fire that cut power to
the coolant control systems and emergency switching valves. A year
later, the same generating station fired an employee that possessed
assault rifles, grenades, rocket launchers, tear gas, and ammo. Neither
incident resulted in a disaster, but is a reminder that a potential for
disaster is present.

In addition to the potential for an accidental radiological release or
industrial sabotage, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside CSA is subject
to other man-made disasters as any other major metropolitan area, given
its large population and diverse business economy. 2005 data from the
U.S. Department of Transportation on Hazardous Material Safety shows the
state of California accounted for 8% of the hazardous materials
incidents and 3% of related deaths for the year.

The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) ranks the Los Angeles CSA as
one of the country's eight Tier I (highest risk) urban areas that has
critical transit, ferry, and port infrastructure. California has also
been designated by the DHS as a Buffer Zone, which means the state has
high-risk/high-consequence facilities (e.g. chemical facilities,
financial institutions, nuclear and electric power plants, dams,
stadiums, etc.).