03M05/01/08

S152-03M.doc

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  Confirm information available and staking performed. Edit the following
  as appropriate.

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**Section 152. - CONSTRUCTION SURVEY AND STAKING**

**Construction Requirements**

**152.02 General.** [Delete the first paragraph and substitute the
following:]{.underline}

The Government will furnish to the Contractor one copy of each of the
following information:

-   3D coordinates and offset distance from centerline for subgrade and
    surface course finishing stakes at 20-meter intervals and
    miscellaneous intermediate stations.

-   Slope stake books containing centerline grade and slope staking
    information at 20-meter station intervals and miscellaneous
    intermediate stations.

-   Computer listings containing: horizontal alignment, vertical
    alignment, earthwork quantities, and staking details showing
    superelevation template data and slope information.

The Government will provide files for downloading 3D data. Following is
the information that will be provided electronically:

-   3D coordinates of control points.

-   3D coordinates of grade finishing stakes.

-   3D coordinates of slope stakes

The Government will perform the following:

-   Establish basic survey control points for vertical and horizontal
    control of the project.

-   Set centerline stakes, take cross-sections, and set reference hubs
    at 20-meter intervals and miscellaneous intermediate stations.

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  Use on all projects.

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[Delete the second sentence of the second paragraph and substitute the
following:]{.underline}

Reestablish missing terrain cross-section reference hubs, control
points, and stakes before slope staking begins.

[Add the following:]{.underline}

Furnish a practicable schedule of staking activities with the
construction schedule submitted according to Section 155. Include the
dates and sequence of staking requirements.

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  **NOTE TO DESIGNERS:** When the Government (or construction contractor)
  does the field roadway cross-sections and sets the reference hubs, you
  are responsible for making sure you have the appropriate cross-section
  interval (and special sections as appropriate) in your design when you
  provide your files to the Survey Branch (or contractor) for staking.

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**152.03 Survey and Staking Requirements.**

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| When the Contractor is required to cross-section the roadway or       |
| portions of the roadway incorporate the following Subsection 152.03   |
| (b) **ONLY** after discussing its use with the PM and COE. It may be  |
| more appropriate to obtain the cross-section data during design. This |
| specification is typically for those rare reconstruction (4R) or ERFO |
| projects where reference hubbing or topo verification could not be    |
| completed or the risk that the design topo is not adequate is high.   |
|                                                                       |
| The 21-day turn-around time is the **default**. **Consult** with the  |
| PM and COE to verify or modify the time period. In addition determine |
| the cross-section data submittal length (i.e. kilometers, number of   |
| sites) and **amend** the specification to incorporate the verbiage.   |
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**(b) Roadway cross-sections.** [Delete the text and substitute the
following:]{.underline}

Take roadway cross-sections normal to centerline. When the centerline
curve radius is less than or equal to 75 meters, take cross-sections at
a maximum centerline spacing of 10 meters. When the centerline curve
radius is greater than 75 meters, take cross-sections at a maximum
centerline spacing of 20 meters. Take additional cross-sections at
significant breaks in topography and at changes in the typical section.
Ensure that, at a minimum, roadway cross-sections are taken at each
cross-section station shown in the plans. Along each cross-section,
measure and record points at breaks in topography, but no further apart
than 5 meters. Space the points so that the maximum variation in
vertical distance from a straight line between two consecutive points
and the ground line does not exceed ± 0.2 meters. Measure and record
points to at least the anticipated slope stake and reference locations.
Reduce all cross-section distances to horizontal distances from
centerline.

Submit one printed copy and one electronic file of the cross-sectional
data in GEOPAK ASCII text format: station, offset, elevation, north
coordinate, east coordinate, p-code text format. Include a file header
that defines the data type of the column. (Contact Central Federal lands
Survey Manager, at 720-963-3700 for more information on the format.)
Include one observation per line in the submitted files showing the
following data:

Station (nominal), offset from centerline, elevation, north coordinate,
east coordinate, p-code (Feature code: RH for reference hub, CL for
centerline).

Deliver all data to the CO after completing the roadway cross-section
survey. Submit data to CO at least 21 days prior to anticipated
construction. Do not begin embankment construction or excavation
operations on the proposed site until the design profile has been
verified. The CO will send the cross-sectional data to CFL Survey
manager to review for survey sufficiency. If significant differences in
terrain are found, the Design Engineer will modify the profile if
necessary to match the new terrain. If the design profile is modified,
new design data will be provided for only those locations where the
design profile has been modified. (The Design Engineer will re-run all
cross-sections using the new terrain to provide final earthwork
quantities; revised plan & profile sheets, cross-section sheets, and
staking reports for the modified locations; and an updated grading
summary and mass haul diagram).

Set slope stakes according to Subsection 152.03(c) for all cross-section
stations identified in the plans or as established in this section.

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  The following SCR 152.03(b) should be included **IF** the CFL-Survey
  (or one of their A/E firms) have field roadway cross-sectioned and set
  reference hubs prior advertisement. **DO NOT** include a pay item.

  **Make sure you discuss** with COE and PE to ENSURE that Construction
  sees no reason to have the Contractor cross-section the roadway (If
  Construction wants the Contractor to cross-section the roadway, insert
  the sections above.).
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**(b) Roadway cross-sections.** [Delete the text and substitute the
following:]{.underline}

Take roadway cross-sections when required to re-catch slope stakes
according to 152.03(c). Take roadway cross-sections normal to
centerline. Along each cross-section, measure and record points at
breaks in topography, but no farther apart than 5 meters. Space the
points so that the maximum variation in vertical distance from a
straight line between two consecutive points and the ground line does
not exceed ± 0.2 meters. Measure and record points to at least the
anticipated slope stake and reference locations. Reduce all
cross-section distances to horizontal distances from centerline.

Submit one printed copy and one electronic file of the cross-sectional
data in GEOPAK ASCII text format: station, offset, elevation, north
coordinate, east coordinate, p-code text format. Include a file header
that defines the data type of the column. (Contact Central Federal lands
Survey Manager, at 720-963-3700 for more information on the format.)
Include one observation per line in the submitted files showing the
following data:

Station (nominal), offset from centerline, elevation, north coordinate,
east coordinate, p-code (Feature code: RH for reference hub, CL for
centerline).

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  Control of the work does not typically require the reestablishment of
  centerline, so the centerline reestablishment pay item is no longer
  used. The contractor is still required to control the work to the
  tolerances shown in Table 152-1 and on occasion may have to reestablish
  centerline. Include 152.03(e) on all projects where the work is
  controlled through the use of control points.

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**152.03 Survey and Staking Requirements.**

**(e) Centerline reestablishment.** [Delete the text and substitute the
following:]{.underline}

Reestablish centerline from instrument control points as necessary to
construct the work. The CO may require the reestablishment of
centerline, at no cost to the government, when construction survey and
staking work does not meet the tolerances stated in Table 152-1.

Reestablishment of centerline may be ordered by the CO and paid for
under Section 623 for purposes other than to control the work.

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| The FP-03 specifies that projects with centerline curve radii less    |
| than or equal to 150 meters, grade finishing stakes will be           |
| established every 10 meters. The FP-03 specification was written for  |
| all three divisions and does not take into account the volume of      |
| projects that CFLHD typically designs with sharper radius curves. Use |
| of the FP-03 specification would greatly increase the amount of       |
| staking required and does not appreciably improve subgrade or         |
| aggregate control.                                                    |
|                                                                       |
| When grade finishing stakes are required on roadways with centerline  |
| curve radii less than or equal to 150 meters, include the following:  |
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**(f) Grade finishing stakes.** [Delete the third paragraph and
substitute the following:]{.underline}

The maximum longitudinal spacing between stakes is 10 meters when the
centerline curve radius is less than or equal to 75 meters. When the
centerline curve radius is greater than 75 meters, the maximum
longitudinal spacing between stakes is 20 meters. The maximum transverse
spacing between stakes is 10 meters. Reset grade finishing stakes as
many times as necessary to construct the subgrade and each aggregate
course. Use brushes or guard stakes at each stake.

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  Use 152.03(g) on all projects with culverts, except those projects with
  culvert staking excluded by SCR.

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**(g) Culverts.** [Delete the first paragraph and substitute the
following:]{.underline}

Verify, in the field, the approximate location of each individual
culvert with the CO prior to surveying, designing, and staking culverts.
Use the "Guide for Designing and Staking Culvert in the Field", dated
January 9, 1996, issued by the U.S. Department of Transportation,
Central Federal Lands Highway Division, Lakewood, CO, as a guide to the
work in this section.

Perform the following:

> **(4)** [Add the following:]{.underline}
>
> *(a)* For single skewed culverts, also submit a plotted field design
> cross-section, normal to roadway centerline, at each end section. Plot
> the offset and elevation of natural ground at the end section and at
> all proposed template break points between centerline and the end
> section. Ensure the template design embankment slope is not exceeded.
>
> *(b)* For multiple skewed culverts, also submit a plotted field design
> cross-section, normal to roadway centerline, at the end sections (left
> and right) nearest to the shoulder. Plot the offset and elevation of
> natural ground at the end section and at all proposed template break
> points between centerline and the end section. Ensure the template
> design embankment slope is not exceeded.
>
> **(5)** [Add the following:]{.underline}
>
> Plot at a scale of 1:100.

[Add the following:]{.underline}

> **(8)** When the field design has been approved, set culvert survey
> stakes, reference stakes, and stake inlet and outlet ditches to make
> the culvert, including end treatments (e.g., drop inlets) functional.
>
> **(9)** Adjust slope stakes to provide for catch basins (and
> transitions into and out of catch basins) which correspond to the
> final culvert location and design. If the culvert was moved from
> location shown in the plans, review the slope stakes in the vicinity
> of the plan location and adjust the slope stakes to remove the planned
> catch basin.

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  Use 152.03(l) on all projects.

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**(l) Miscellaneous survey and staking.** [Delete the text and
substitute the following:]{.underline}

Perform all surveying, staking, recording of data, and calculations
necessary for establishing the layout, control, and measurement required
to construct the project. Perform the work in such a manner as to ensure
the contract work is constructed in the proper location and to the
required tolerances. Where staking increments are not identified,
propose appropriate staking increments to the CO for acceptance.

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  The following Subsection 152.03(m) below also should be included **if**
  the contractor will be field cross-sectioning the roadway and setting
  reference hubs. (Include a pay item for Roadway Cross-Section Survey).

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[Add the following:]{.underline}

**(m) Reference hub establishment.** Establish reference hubs and guard
stakes on both sides of centerline at 20-meter station intervals and
each intermediate cross-section as shown in the plans, according to the
offset distance and elevation data furnished. Reference hubs shall be
19-millimeter square, 300 millimeter long oak or ash (hardwood) stakes
driven flush with the natural ground. If rocky soil prohibits the use of
stakes this long, 200-millimeter stakes can be substituted. Reference
hubs shall be set approximately 6 meters outside of the proposed cut
limits and 5 meters outside of the proposed fill limits, except in rock
cuts and wall areas. Should the Contractor be unable to set any of the
reference hubs because of obstructions such as trees or boulders,
alternate locations for the hubs shall be determined and computed in the
field by the Contractor. The alternate point for the hub shall be along
the station right-angle line to a more usable location. This move should
be of minimal distance. Centerline points shall be 12d light boat nails
(or equivalent) with flagging if the points fall within the existing
highway surface, or 19 millimeter by 38 millimeter by 450 millimeter
guard stakes if they fall outside the existing roadway. Reference hub
and centerline guard/offset stakes shall be 19 millimeter by 38
millimeter by 450 millimeter finished size pine stakes painted white.
Remove and dispose of any reference hubs and guard stakes previously
placed by the Government.

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| Use Centerline staking and verification on all 3R projects where an   |
| approximate centerline needs to be established as a reference for the |
| project engineer and the contractor. Use this centerline staking and  |
| verification scr when matching existing superelevation.               |
|                                                                       |
| For re-establishing the original design superelevation throughout the |
| project, use "template control staking" (scr to be developed).        |
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[Add the following:]{.underline}

**(n) Centerline verification and staking.** Verify the line diagram
stationing, the GPS stationing, or the as-constructed stationing shown
in the plans by measuring along the existing centerline with a measuring
wheel, cloth tape, or other method approved by the CO. Calibrate all
measuring devices and furnish calibration data to CO before use. Use
transit points (e.g., PC's, PT's) and landmarks (e.g., culverts,
turnouts, approach roads) to verify that the ground stationing matches
the stationing shown on the plans. Use white spray paint to mark each
centerline station. If the stationing in the plans is as-constructed
stationing, add station equations to adjust field stationing to match
the plans. Allow the CO to comment on any required changes to the
stationing and/or readjust or establish additional centerline points.
Minor adjustments in grade and/or alignment may need to be made during
construction to produce a smooth, uniform project. The final alignment
need not be a geometrically computed centerline and may be field
adjusted up to 300 millimeters at the direction of the CO to provide a
smooth flowing, best-fit alignment.

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| Include the following paragraphs when 3R work includes one of the     |
| following:                                                            |
|                                                                       |
| > • Cold-in-place (CIP) recycle w/ HACP overlay - **NO additional     |
| > widening or superelevation correction.**                            |
| >                                                                     |
| > • HACP overlay only - **NO additional widening or superelevation    |
| > correction.**                                                       |
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Prior to disturbing the existing road surface, measure the existing
surface width at existing roadway centerline control points (PC & PT),
at changes in the roadway template, at 40 meter stationing intervals on
tangent, and at 20 meter intervals on curves. Use white spray paint to
mark each location. At each location, each side of the roadway and
outside the construction limits, place an offset stake of adequate
dimensions to place all required information. Label each stake with the
following information corresponding to each respective lane:

> **(1)** Station
>
> **(2)** Offset from striped centerline or other location as directed
> by the CO
>
> **(3)** Offset from the proposed edge of pavement

Provide stations to the nearest meter, offsets to the nearest 50
millimeters.

Record the above information and provide one hard copy to the CO.

Use this recorded information to reestablish the existing roadway
template and striping.

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| **OR** Include the following paragraphs when the 3R work includes any |
| of the following:                                                     |
|                                                                       |
| • Pulverized asphalt w/ HACP overlay.                                 |
|                                                                       |
| • Foamed asphalt stabilized base w/HACP overlay.                      |
|                                                                       |
| • CIP recycle w/ HACP overlay **-- INCLUDES additional widening       |
| and/or isolated superelevation correct.**                             |
|                                                                       |
| • HACP overlay only -- **INCLUDES additional widening and/or isolated |
| superelevation correction.**                                          |
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Prior to disturbing the existing road surface, measure the existing
surface width and cross-slopes at existing roadway centerline control
points (PC & PT), at changes in the roadway template, at the beginning
and ending of superelevation transitions and runoff, in the middle of
the superelevated section, at 40 meter stationing intervals on tangent,
at 20 meter intervals on curves. Use white spray paint to mark each
location. At each location, each side of the roadway and outside the
construction limits, place an offset stake of adequate dimensions to
place all required information. Label each stake with the following
information corresponding to each respective lane:

> **(1)** Station
>
> **(2)** Offset from striped centerline or other location as directed
> by the CO
>
> **(3)** Offset from the proposed edge of pavement
>
> **(4)** Existing pavement cross-slope. If cross-slope is to be
> changed, provide proposed change
>
> **(5)** Offset to existing/proposed paved ditch, including ditch
> cross-slope, if different from mainline, and ditch width
>
> **(6)** Offset to face of existing/proposed guardrail

Provide a list to the CO of any stations or locations where the proposed
pavement edge is within 0.6 meter of a break in the topography of the
shoulder. The CO will determine if corrective action is required.

If requested by the CO, cross-section each location requiring corrective
action at the beginning, end, and at 20 meter intervals between.
Cross-sections shall extend a minimum of 8 meters left and right of the
centerline, but no less than 3 meters past the flowline of ditches or 2
meters past existing fillslope intersection with natural ground. Plot
all cross-sections at a scale of 1:100. Compute quantities for
excavation, embankment, and aggregate base to be used for corrective
action at each location. Submit all cross-sections to the CO a minimum
of 14 days prior to beginning the work.

Provide stations to the nearest meter, offsets to the nearest 50
millimeters, and cross-slopes to the nearest 0.2 percent.

Record the above information books and provide one hard copy to the CO.

Use this recorded information to reestablish the existing roadway
template and striping.

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| Note: Do not include a 152 bid item for Miscellaneous survey and      |
| staking. Include pay items/hours for Hired survey and staking and     |
| also Hired technical services so the CO can request additional work.  |
| Include hours for Hired survey and staking and Hired technical        |
| services under the bid items 62302-1000 Special Labor, Hired          |
| technical services and 62302-1100 Special Labor, Hired survey         |
| services.                                                             |
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| Use Template control staking ONLY on 3R projects where superelevation |
| corrections are required throughout project. (Do not measure          |
| Centerline staking and verification or any other centerline type      |
| measurement)                                                          |
|                                                                       |
| **To be developed**                                                   |
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**Measurement**

**152.05** [Delete the fourth paragraph and substitute the
following:]{.underline}

Do not measure miscellaneous survey and staking.

**152.05** [Add the following:]{.underline}

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  Use on all projects with government-established reference hubs.

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Reestablishing missing Government-set terrain cross-section reference
hubs, control points, and stakes will be measured under Special labor,
Hired survey services when it is paid by the hour. No payment will be
made for re-establishing missing hubs, control points, or stakes after
construction operations have begun.

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  Use on all 3R projects with centerline verification and staking item.

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Measure centerline verification and staking only one time per project.

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  Use on all projects that the contractor will roadway cross-section.

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Include payment for setting of reference hubs in the pay item for
roadway cross-section survey.