**FINANCIAL REPORT OF BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND**

**TRAINING IN NUTRITION, FY 2002**

**[The Leader in Federally Supported Nutrition Research and
Training]{.smallcaps}**

**I**n Fiscal Year 2002, the NIH continued to lead all Federal agencies
in financial support of nutrition research and training, with a total of
\$917 million. This total represents the combined individual
contributions of the 18 NIH institutes and three centers that supported
biomedical nutrition research and training. Actual obligations for FY
2002 biomedical nutrition research and training for all NIH institutes
and centers (ICs) are shown in Table 1 as amounts and as percentages of
their total obligation.

Leading the ICs in total dollars expended in support of nutrition
research were NCI, NIDDK and NHLBI, collectively accounting for nearly
two-thirds of the total NIH nutrition related spending.

**Table 1. Actual Obligations, NIH Biomedical Nutrition Research and
Training,**

**as a Percentage of Total ICD Obligations, by NIH Component, FY 2002**

**(in thousands of dollars)**

+----------------+------------------+----------------+----------------+
| Institute /    | Nutrition        | Total IC       | Nutrition as   |
|                | Research and     |                | Percentage of  |
| Center (IC)    | Training^\*^     | Obl            | Total IC       |
|                |                  | igations^\*\*^ | Obligations    |
+----------------+------------------+----------------+----------------+

  ----------------- ----------------- ------------------- -----------------
  NCI               204,425           4,177,830           4.9

  NHLBI             184,367           2,569,794           7.2

  NIDCR             10,148            342,292             3.0

  NIDDK             203,741           1,560,013           13.1

  NINDS             10,150            1,325,193           0.8

  NIAID             16,806            2,339,779           0.7

  NIGMS             2,340             1,722,890           0.1

  NICHD             50,957            1,110,459           4.6

  NEI               26,891            580,047             4.6

  NIEHS             22,644            644,730             3.5

  NIA               55,990            891,282             6.3

  NIAMS             3,366             447,682             0.8

  NIDCD             2,881             341,260             0.8

  NIMH              18,941            1,245,292           1.5

  NIDA              5,093             892,639             0.6

  NIAAA             9,869             383,174             2.6

  NCRR              37,479            1,010,169           3.7

  FIC               1,282             56,787              2.3

  NINR              5,862             120,217             4.9

  NCCAM             42,369            104,334             40.6

  NHGRI             1,362             428,248             0.3
  ----------------- ----------------- ------------------- -----------------

**TOTAL^+^ \$916,964 \$22,294,111 4.1**

> ^\*^ Actual obligations. Source: Human Nutrition Research and
> Information Management (HNRIM) System database.
>
> ^\*\*^ Obligations. Source: NIH Office of Program Planning and
> Evaluation.
>
> ^+^ Total excludes obligations for National Library of Medicine,
> Office of the Director, and buildings and facilities.

Leading NIH components in terms of the percentage of total IC budget
dedicated to nutrition research and training were NCCAM, NIDDK and
NHLBI, with 40.6 percent, 13.1 percent and 7.2 percent, respectively,
for FY 2002.

**[Trends in Nutrition Research and Training, 1993‑2002]{.smallcaps}**

NIH nutrition research and training dollars have increased steadily
during the past decade, growing from \$373 million in FY 1993 to \$917
million in FY 2002. Actual obligations for nutrition research and
training by NIH component during the past 10 years are shown in Table 2.
The trend in dollars has been steadily upward for most ICs.

**Table 2. Actual Obligations for Nutrition Research and Training by**

**NIH Component, Fiscal Years 1993-2002**

**(Thousands of Dollars)**

  ----------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------
  NIH                                                                                                                                                         

  Component   1993^a^         1994^b^         1995            1996            1997^c^         1998            1999^d^         2000            2001            2002

                                                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                              

  **Total**   **\$373,251**   **\$400,701**   **\$428,687**   **\$438,813**   **\$453,306**   **\$494,443**   **\$553,519**   **\$694,909**   **\$789,269**   **\$916,964**

                                                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                              

  NIA         18,595          19,942          20,516          20,203          19,226          20,763          26,720          31,380          42,579          55,990

  NIAAA       4,303           3,431           3,901           3,992           7,046           7,632           8,089           9,424           7,790           9,869

  NIAID       6,322           6,763           7,963           7,873           10,973          12,355          13,907          16,115          17,631          16,806

  NIAMS       5,426           5,520           3,998           2,717           4,846           4,569           4,544           4,531           2,984           3,366

  NCI         94,326          104,939         112,781         116,567         121,739         119,829         113,223         171,491         184,535         204,425

  NICHD       33,118          31,165          32,818          28,823          29,585          28,401          35,029          41,602          45,549          50,957

                                                                                                                                                              

  NIDCD       2,375           2,162           2,150           2,366           2,716           2,514           1,757           1,610           1,478           2,881

  NIDCR       3,550           4,164           6,408           6,087           8,225           6,755           9,109           9,261           10,671          10,148

  NIDDK       72,714          70,049          75,980          93,322          98,673          105,026         130,115         151,007         182,613         203,741

  NIDA        3,028           2,548           2,621           2,878           2,226           1,980           3,450           4,100           4,492           5,093

  NIEHS       4,671           4,654           4,826           4,068           5,806           7,078           6,615           10,839          14,286          22,644

  NEI         15,538          16,057          16,634          14,218          14,913          15,665          17,438          20,796          23,724          26,891

                                                                                                                                                              

  NIGMS       2,465           2,169           2,503           2,628           2,265           2,120           2,088           2,854           2,326           2,340

  NHLBI       67,879          70,545          73,466          75,306          88,943          118,886         124,233         130,491         146,592         184,367

  NIMH        10,592          7,760           8,446           7,481           7,158           7,363           7,450           11,782          15,153          18,941

  NINDS       1,826           1,777           1,738           1,190           999             4,032           3,870           9,048           10,358          10,150

  NINR\*      2,988           2,787           3,106           1,851           2,401           2,775           3,434           4,487           5,134           5,862

                                                                                                                                                              

  NCRR        23,524          21,995          22,130          21,626          25,446          26,345          31,759          34,431          35,032          37,479

  FIC         10              89              166             97              120             354             382             676             663             1,282

  NHGRI       \-              \-              \-              \-              \-              \-              \-              \-              1,287           1,362

  OD          \-              22,183          26,535          25,520          \-              \-              10,305          28,985          34,394          42,369
  ----------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------

^a^ In FY 1993 the three research institutes of ADAMHA were transferred
to NIH, and NCNR was made an institute and renamed NINR.

^b^ In FY 1994 includes funding for the Women's Health Initiative.

^c^ In FY 1997 Women's Health Initiative transferred to NHLBI.

^d^ In FY 1999 includes funding for the National Center for
Complimentary and Alternative Medicine

As shown in Table 3, total NIH expenditures for nutrition research and
training have increased consistently since FY 1993 and have constituted
approximately 4 percent of total NIH obligations during that time. This
table also shows total NIH biomedical nutrition research and training
support in constant, as well as current dollars. For example, nutrition
research and training support showed a \$544 million, or 146 percent,
increase between FY 1993 and FY 2002 in current (unadjusted) dollars. In
constant dollars (i.e., adjusted for inflationary price increases),
nutrition research and training support in FY 2002 represented an
80 percent increase over the FY 1993 level.

In FY 2000, the latest year for which complete data for all agencies are
available**,** the NIH led all Federal agencies in financial support of
nutrition research and training with a total of \$695 million, as shown
in [Figure 1](../Figure4.asp). This total represented 84 percent of all
Federal expenditures and 99 percent of all DHHS nutrition research and
training expenditures in FY 2000.

**Table 3. Actual Obligations, NIH Biomedical Nutrition Research and
Training,**

**in Current and Constant Dollars, and as a Percentage of Total NIH
Obligations**

**FY 1993-2002 (in thousands of dollars)**

Nuition Research Nutrition Research Current Nutrition Dollars

Fiscal and Training, and Training, Total NIH as a Percentage of Total

Year Current Dollars Constant Dollars\* Obligations NIH Obligations

  ------- ------------ ------------------ ----------------- ---------------
  1993    373,251      373,251            9,919,955         3.8

  1994    400,701      385,768            10,579,468        3.8

  1995    428,687      398,894            10,901,647        3.9

  1996    438,813      398,128            11,471,293        3.8

  1997    453,306      397,498            11,979,278        3.8

  1998    494,443      422,146            12,777,283        3.9

  1999    553,519      455,759            14,710,791        3.8

  2000    694,909      548,429            16,843,082        4.1

  2001    789,269      597,764            20,068,232        3.9

  2002    916,964      670,197            22,294,111        4.1
  ------- ------------ ------------------ ----------------- ---------------

^\*^ Actual obligations. Source: Human Nutrition Research and
Information Management (HNRIM) System.

^\*\*^Based on biomedical R&D price index, FY 1993 = 100 percent.

^+^Total excludes obligations for Office of the Director, National
Library of Medicine, and buildings and facilities.

**[Expenditures by HNRIM System Category and Interest
Area]{.smallcaps}**

The NIH nutrition research support in the HNRIM system classification
categories and the number of grants or contracts funded in each category
are shown in Table 4. The column labeled \"actual obligations\"
represents the *nutrition* funding for projects in each classifi-cation
category, not the funding for the classifi-cation category per se. For
example, a study of the effects of smoking and diet on coronary heart
disease and obesity that was considered to be 60 percent
nutrition‑related and had a total budget of \$100,000 would contribute
\$60,000 toward the actual obligations reported for the area
\"Cardiovascular Disease and Nutrition\" as well as \$60,000 toward the
actual obligations reported for the area \"Obesity, Anorexia, and
Appetite Control.\" As this example illustrates, a grant or contract may
appear in more than one category.

**Figure 1. Federal Expenditures in Support of Human Nutrition Research
and Training, FY 2000**

![](media/image1.wmf)

\* Estimate

Source: Human Nutrition Research and Information Management (HNRIM)
System database

Thus, if all actual obligations in the 43 categories were summed, the
sum would exceed the total nutrition expenditures for that fiscal year.
The column labeled \"percent of total\" represents the nutrition funds
expended in a given category in relation to total NIH obligations for
nutrition research and training, which totaled \$917 million for FY
2002.

Although NIH nutrition research encompasses all of the classification
categories, the largest component is concentrated in the area of
Research in the Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences (codes 1 - 25 and
35 - 37). Codes 51 through 56 represent NIH Special Interest Areas. The
most frequently assigned nutrition classification codes include \"Cancer
and Nutrition,\" \"Other Diseases and Nutrition,\" \"Cardiovascular
Disease and Nutrition,\" and "Obesity, Anorexia, and Appetite Control."

**Support by Extramural and Intramural Categories**

The NIH supports two broad categories of research: extramural and
intramural. The extramural programs are responsible for approximately
80-85 percent of the total NIH resources in the form of research grants
or contracts. Through these programs, NIH makes awards of various kinds
to institutions throughout the United States and the world. Extramural
awards are based on a two‑tiered peer‑review assessment - one for
scientific merit and one for program relevance.

Within the NIH itself, and accounting for approximately 11 percent of
its budget, is the intramural program. All of the NIH institutes except
NIGMS have an intramural component of laboratory and clinical research
programs. More than 2,000 intramural research projects are in progress
at all times, making the NIH the largest center for biomedical and
behavioral research in the world. Boards of scientific counselors are
responsible for assessing the quality and direction of the intramural
program, and the NIH Office of the Director provides scientific and
policy oversight.

The NIH relies on three major funding mechanisms as the administrative
instruments for accomplishing its program goals through the efforts of
scientists outside the NIH (i.e., extramurally): grants and cooperative
agreements (financial assistance awards) and contracts (acquisition
awards). Financial support by NIH of extramural nutrition research and
training is provided through all three of these major funding
mechanisms. Support of extramural nutrition research utilizes research
project grants, program project grants, center grants, contracts, and
cooperative agreements.

All of these may include clinical trials; research resources support;
reimbursement agreements; research career development awards; and new,
academic, and teacher investigator awards. Extramural training in
biomedical and behavioral nutrition research is supported through
National Research Service Awards, with training grants awarded to
institutions and fellowships awarded to individuals. The intramural
nutrition program consists of research projects and training. The actual
obligations in biomedical nutrition research and training by category of
support for Fiscal Year 2002 are shown in Table 5.

Extramural projects comprised about 95 percent of nutrition related
expenditures in Fiscal Years 2002 (\$871 million). Research grants
continue to comprise the largest category of support, with \$594 million
and 2,477 projects. Program Projects made up the second largest category
during this period, with \$82 million and 124 projects. Contracts ranked
third, with \$72 million and 141 projects. Centers comprised the fourth
largest category of support, with \$50 million (161 projects). The
intramural program represented 5 percent of expenditures for nutrition
research and training during FY 2002, with funding of \$46 million (147
projects).

**Nutrition Research Training**

The NIH supports training in biomedical and behavioral nutrition
research in both the extramural and the intramural programs. Within the
extramural program, two basic mechanisms are used for nutrition training
support: institutional awards and individual awards. The institutional
awards, commonly called "training grants," are designed to enable
institutions to make training awards to individuals selected by them for
predoctoral and postdoctoral research training. In FY2002, NIH spent
\$9.2 million on 89 training grants in nutrition. The predoctoral and
postdoctoral individual National Research Service Awards, called
"fellowships," are awarded to provide pre- and postdoctoral research
training to individuals to broaden their scientific background and
extend their potential for research. Expenditures for fellowships in
nutrition were \$2.5 million for 83 fellowships in FY 2002.

Table 4. Actual Obligations, NIH Biomedical Nutrition Research and
Training, by

HNRIM Classification Category, FY 2002

**(in thousands of dollars)**

**Number of Percent**

**Grants and Actual of**

**Nutrition Research Classification** **Contracts Obligations Total**

  ---------------------------------------------- ------- --------- -------
  01 - Maternal Nutrition                        182     46,362    1.7

  02 - Infant and Child Nutrition (0-12 years)   334     84,209    3.2

  03 - Adolescent Nutrition (13-18 years)        133     34,047    1.3

  04 - Adult Nutrition (19-65 years)             224     77,398    2.1

  05 - Nutrition of the Elderly (65+ years)      233     99,326    2.2

  06 - Cardiovascular Disease and Nutrition      748     262,944   7.1

  07 - Cancer and Nutrition                      873     262,353   8.3

  08 - Other Diseases and Nutrition              792     242,531   7.5

  09 - Trauma (Including Burns) and Nutrition    26      3,220     0.2

  10 - Infection\--Immunology and Nutrition      214     45,444    2.0

  11 - Obesity, Anorexia, and Appetite Control   738     215,810   7.0

  12 - Genetics and Nutrition                    461     133,002   4.4

  13 - Nutrition and Function                    300     106,947   2.9

  14 - Nutrient Interactions                     218     47,440    2.1

  15 - Other Conditions and Nutrition            213     53,406    2.0

  16 - Nutritional Status R&D                    180     54,610    1.7

  17 - Carbohydrates                             285     63,882    2.7

  18 - Lipids (Fats and Oils)                    616     208,720   5.9

  19 - Alcohols                                  69      14,009    0.7

  20 - Proteins and Amino Acids                  186     49,315    1.8

  21 - Vitamins                                  470     175,001   4.5

  22 - Minerals and Essential Trace Elements     324     81,208    3.1

  23 - Water and Electrolytes                    123     31,607    1.2

  24 - Fiber                                     13      11,894    0.1

  25 - Other Nutrients In Food                   49      12,155    0.5

  26 - Food Composition R&D                      17      3,392     0.2

  27 - Bioavailability of Nutrients              23      6,447     0.2

  28 - Effects of Technology on Foods and Diets  12      4,594     0.1

  29 - Other Research in Food Sciences           14      4,562     0.1

  30 - Food Consumption Survey R&D               12      3,899     0.1

  31 - Dietary Practices, Food Consumption, &    301     102,571   2.9
  Determinants                                                     

  32 - Studies of Methods for Informing &        33      9,033     0.3
  Educating the Public                                             

  33 - Other Research in Nutrition Education     10      2,781     0.1

  34 - Effects of Government Policy &            15      6,137     0.1
  Socioeconomic Factors                                            

  35 - Parenteral, Enteral, and Elemental        43      9,147     0.4
  Nutrition                                                        

  36 - Dietary Supplements: Nutrient Ingredients 341     108,154   3.2

  37 - Dietary Supplements: Botanical & Other    249     73,398    2.4
  Non-nutrient Ingredients                                         

  51 - Prevention and Nutrition                  605     228,626   5.8

  52 - International Nutrition Research          71      13,544    0.7

  53 - Epidemiological Nutrition Research        280     79,955    2.7

  54 - Nutrition Education for Professionals     118     15,932    1.1

  55 - Nutrition Education for the Public        66      14,603    0.6

  56 - Clinical Trials of Nutrients/Nutrition    287     159,416   2.7
  ---------------------------------------------- ------- --------- -------

\* The actual obligations represent the *nutrition* funding for projects
in each classification area, not the funding of the classification area
per se. A grant or contract may be assigned to more than one of these
areas. Thus, summing the expenditures by area will yield a value that
exceeds the total expenditures and summing the percent of total will
yield a value greater than 100 percent.

\*\* The total expenditure, in thousands of dollars, of the NIH
nutrition program was \$916,964 in FY 2002.

> Table 5. Actual Obligations, NIH Biomedical Nutrition Research and
> Training,
>
> by Category of Support, FY 2002
>
> (in thousands of dollars)

+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            | B    |       | T    |       |
|                        |            | reak |       | otal |       |
|                        |            | down |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| Funding Mechanism      | Item       | [Num | [Co   | [Num | [Co   |
|                        |            | ber] | st]{. | ber] | st]{. |
|                        |            | {.un | under | {.un | under |
|                        |            | derl | line} | derl | line} |
|                        |            | ine} |       | ine} |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| **Extramural**         |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Research Grants      | Regular    | 2    | 48    |      |       |
|                        |            | ,266 | 8,867 |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        | Clinical   | 211  | 10    |      |       |
|                        | Trials     |      | 4,977 |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        | Total      |      |       | 2    | 59    |
|                        |            |      |       | ,477 | 3,844 |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Program Projects     | Regular    | 120  | 7     |      |       |
|                        |            |      | 1,315 |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        | Clinical   | 4    | 1     |      |       |
|                        | Trials     |      | 0,803 |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        | Total      |      |       | 124  | 8     |
|                        |            |      |       |      | 2,118 |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Contracts            | Regular    | 100  | 4     |      |       |
|                        |            |      | 0,090 |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        | Clinical   | 41   | 3     |      |       |
|                        | Trials     |      | 2,458 |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        | Total      |      |       | 141  | 7     |
|                        |            |      |       |      | 2,548 |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Centers              | Regular    | 153  | 4     |      |       |
|                        |            |      | 4,215 |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        | Clinical   | 8    | 6,100 |      |       |
|                        | Trials     |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        | Total      |      |       | 161  | 5     |
|                        |            |      |       |      | 0,315 |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Training             | Training   | 89   | 9,195 |      |       |
|                        | Grants     |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        | F          | 83   | 2,498 |      |       |
|                        | ellowships |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        | Total      |      |       | 172  | 1     |
|                        |            |      |       |      | 1,693 |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Research Resources   |            |      |       | 106  | 3     |
| > Support              |            |      |       |      | 2,312 |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Career Development   |            |      |       | 229  | 2     |
| > Awards               |            |      |       |      | 1,029 |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Reimbursement        |            |      |       | 16   | 5,393 |
| > Agreements           |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Facilities           |            |      |       | 4    | 1,556 |
| > Renovation/Repair    |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| Subtotal, Extramural   |            |      |       | 3    | 87    |
|                        |            |      |       | ,430 | 0,808 |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| **Intramural**         |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Projects             |            |      |       | 147  | 4     |
|                        |            |      |       |      | 6,156 |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| > Training             |            |      |       | 0    |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| Subtotal, Intramural   |            |      |       | 147  | 4     |
|                        |            |      |       |      | 6,156 |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
| **Total NIH            |            |      |       |      |       |
| Biomedical**           |            |      |       |      |       |
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
| **Nutrition Research & |            |      |       |      |       |
| Training**             |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       | *    | *     |
|                        |            |      |       | *3,5 | *916, |
|                        |            |      |       | 77** | 964** |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+
|                        |            |      |       |      |       |
+------------------------+------------+------+-------+------+-------+