January 14, 1980 M29-1, Part III\
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CONTENTS

CHAPTER 12. POWER OF ATTORNEY AND HEARINGS

SUBCHAPTER 1. POWER OF ATTORNEY

PARAGRAPH PAGE

12.01 Record of Power of Attorney 12-1\
12.02 Clerical Processing 12-1\
12.03 Power of Attorney in Force 12-1

SUBCHAPTER 2. HEARINGS

12.04 General 12-2\
12.05 Composition of Hearing Panel 12-2\
12.06 Conduct of Hearing 12-2\
12.07 Proceedings of the Panel 12-3

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CHAPTER 12. POWER OF ATTORNEY AND HEARINGS

SUBCHAPTER 1. POWER OF ATTORNEY

12.01 RECORD OF POWER OF ATTORNEY

a\. VA Form 23-22, Appointment of Veterans Service Organization as
Claimant\'s Representative, is the form designed to provide authority
for representation by recognized service organization. For a listing of
accredited organizations, see M29-1, part 1, chapter 12, paragraph
12.02.

b\. Letters from the insured and various forms in use by veterans
service organizations which are clear as to intent and are signed by the
insured may be accepted as a valid authorization as stated in VAR\'s
5626 through 5637.

c\. Any attorney or competent person may be recognized as a
representative and the designation must be by power of attorney and
should be made by the claimant on VA Form 2-22a, Appointment of
Attorney, or Agent as Claimant\'s Representative or its equivalent. (See
VAR\'s 5626 through 5637.)

d\. A written declaration of representation on the letterhead stationery
of an attorney stating that he/she is authorized to represent a
claimant, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, entitles the
attorney to represent the claimant. An attorney recognized on the basis
of a declaration of representation will be given access only to that
information in the folder which could be made available to the claimant
under VAR\'s 503 and 504. However, in order for an attorney to have
complete access to all information in an individual\'s records, the
attorney must provide a signed consent from the claimant or the
claimant\'s guardian (see VAR 5629(C)).

e\. Only one service organization, attorney or person shall be
recognized at any one time to represent a claimant, and the claimant
shall be permitted to revoke a power of attorney whenever he/she so
desires.

12.02 CLERICAL PROCESSING

a\. The preliminary clerical processing of VA Form 23-22, 2-22a or
declaration of representation is done by the Administrative Division as
outlined in M23-l, part I, chapter 5.

b\. If the VA Form 23-22, 2-22a or declaration of representation is
received in ICS, prior to preliminary processing by the Administrative
Division, it will be attached to the folder after all the necessary
action has been taken and routed to the Administrative Division for
preliminary processing.

12.03 POWER OF ATTORNEY IN FORCE

a\. When there is a valid power of attorney in effect, extra copies of
all correspondence to the insured will be prepared and routed or mailed
to such service organization, attorney or person as follows:

\(1\) AL (American Legion) and VFW (Veterans of Foreign Wars)-three
copies.

\(2\) All other service organizations-two copies.

\(3\) Attorney or other representative-two copies.

b\. When the claimant\'s representative is a service organization which
has office space in ICS, the decision with copies of the award, denial,
disallowance or termination letter and folder will be routed to the
service organization.

c\. If the service organization is one which does not have office space
in the ICS, however, it is housed in the insurance center, forward
copies of the letter only, and notify them that they may inspect the
insurance folder in order to properly prepare their appellate argument.

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d\. When the service organization is not located in the insurance
center, copies of the letter will be mailed, including notification that
they may come into the VA center to inspect the insurance folder in
order to properly prepare their appellate argument.

SUBCHAPTER 2. HEARINGS

12.04 GENERAL

a\. A hearing appeal will be granted when a claimant or the
representative requests to appear in person or have someone appear as a
witness for them. Hearings are held primarily for the purpose of
receiving the contention and argument of the claimant or representative
to the issue being appealed.

b\. A hearing will normally be scheduled for a date after the statement
of the case is furnished the claimant and/or representative.

c\. At the option of the claimant or representative a hearing may be
held:

\(l\) By the BVA (Board of Veterans Appeals) in Central Office or, if
practicable, before a traveling section of BVA;

\(2\) By the ICS, acting as a hearing agency before the BVA, at the
center which has original jurisdiction; or

\(3\) In the regional office having jurisdiction over the place of
residence of the claimant or other office nearest the claimant\'s
residence, acting as a hearing agency for the BVA.

d\. When the hearing is to be held at the insurance center which has
original jurisdiction, the chairperson of the hearing panel will request
the Adjudication Division to schedule a date for the hearing.

e\. A letter will be sent to notify the person who requested the hearing
as to the date, time and place and that no expenses incurred by a
claimant, representative or witness incident to attendance at a hearing
may be paid by the Government.

f\. The folder will be reviewed prior to the hearing by the group
designated to serve as the hearing panel.

g\. When the hearing is to be conducted in Central Office, a regional
office or other office, the insurance folder and claims folder will be
transferred to the office where the hearing is to be conducted. The
claimant or representative will be notified by that office as to the
date, time and place of the hearing, etc.

h\. Argument and testimony introduced at the hearing should be recorded
and a complete transcript thereof included in the record for
consideration.

12.05 COMPOSITION OF HEARING PANEL

a\. The hearing panel at the center which has original jurisdiction will
be appointed by the Chief, ICS and will be composed of three members; a
Senior Authorizer will act as chairperson, conduct the hearing and
administer oaths, a Medical Consultant and an Authorizer. When
practicable, one or more members of the hearing panel will be persons
who made or participated in the original decision.

b\. If the hearing is to be conducted in a regional office, the panel
will be designated by the Director of that office.

12.06 CONDUCT OF HEARING

a\. Hearings are to be conducted in a manner which complies with the due
process requirements and properly reflects the non adversary position
between the VA and the claimant.

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b\. The claimant will be permitted to introduce into the record, in
person or by a representative, any evidence available to the claimant
which that individual may consider material. This includes arguments and
contentions with respect to the facts and applicable law which the
claimant may consider pertinent.

c\. It is imperative that the members of the hearing panel remember that
proceedings before the VA are ex parte in nature. It is the obligation
of the VA to assist a claimant in developing facts pertinent to the
claim. A hearing is not an adversary proceeding and questions by VA
employees in the nature of cross-examination are not permissible. All
questions are to be framed to explore fully the basis for claimed
entitlement rather than with an intent to refute evidence and discredit
testimony. Suggestions to the claimant as to submission of evidence
which the claimant may have overlooked and which would be advantageous
to the claimant\'s position should be made.

d\. Prior to the hearing, all personnel involved should familiarize
themselves with the evidence of record in the particular case. This will
include a review of the issues and evidence. Consideration should be
given to the nature of evidence necessary for the claimant to establish
entitlement to the benefits. Tentative questions to be asked should be
formed at this time. Persons assigned to the hearing should not wait
until just prior to or during the hearing to review the claims file.

e\. Hearings must be conducted in a proper atmosphere. A hearing room
with furniture in good repair, adequate lighting, heating or air
conditioning should be available. The furniture should be arranged so
everyone in the room can see and hear the witnesses. The United States
flag should be appropriately displayed. The appearance and atmosphere of
a formal trial or such like proceedings are to be avoided. Hearings are
not to be conducted in the Adjudication Division work area.

f\. For many claimants, the hearing may be the only personal contact
they will have with the VA. Their opinion of the VA will to a great
extent be influenced not only by proper hearing facilities but by the
conduct and appearance of VA personnel. Appropriate dress and conduct
are required. Courteous treatment of the claimant and witnesses,
attention to the proceedings and an overt interest in assisting the
claimant are expected of VA personnel.

g\. Upon arrival, the claimant and any witnesses and representatives
will be taken to the hearing room or other appropriate area. The
chairperson and other members of the hearing panel will be immediately
notified and they will proceed to the hearing room without undue delay.

12.07 PROCEEDINGS OF THE PANEL

a\. Members of the hearing panel will introduce themselves to the
claimant and any witnesses. Care will be exercised to get correct
pronunciation of names.

b\. If the claimant does not have a veterans service organization
representative present and is not represented by an attorney, the chair
will explain the availability of a veterans service organization
representative or assistance by a member of the Veterans Services
Division. The claimant will be informed there is no obligation to join a
veterans service organization and that there will be no charge for
representation if the claimant desires the assistance of a member of a
veterans service organization. The claimant will also be informed that
representation is not mandatory. If the claimant indicates a desire for
a representative, the claimant and witnesses will be taken to the
appropriate veterans service organization. The situation will be
explained and a time for resumption of the hearing, allowing adequate
time for review of the evidence, will be set.

c\. If a representative is present or the claimant desires to proceed
without representation, the purpose and nature of the hearing will be
explained. Emphasis on the information gathering aspects of the hearing
is to be stressed. The necessity for and use of recording equipment will
be explained and the claimant informed that a copy of the transcript
will be placed in the file and, if requested, a copy will be furnished
to the claimant. The claimant and witnesses will be informed that if
they desire to \"go off the record\" to collect their thoughts or for
clarification of any matter, they may so indicate and the recording will
be temporarily stopped. The necessity of an oath or affirmation will be
explained.

d\. If the claimant is represented by an attorney, the chair will
explain the proceedings as indicated above. Emphasis should be placed on
the informality of the hearing. The attorney will be told that rules of
evidence do not apply that considerable latitude in presentation is
permitted, and questions should reflect a spirit of helpfulness to the
claimant in developing an

evidentiary basis for his/her claim.

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NOTE: If a third party is present, VA Form 60-5571, Authorization to
Disclose a Record in the Presence of a Third Party, will be completed by
the claimant in accordance with the Privacy Act of 1974 (PL 93-579).

e\. The chair will request the claimant and witnesses to stand and raise
their right hands. An appropriate oath will be administered which in
substance states: \"Do you swear (or affirm) the testimony you are about
to give will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth?\"
The oath will be administered prior to commencement of recording of the
hearing. If the claimant or any witness refuses to take the prescribed
oath or affirmation, he or she should be allowed to take an affirmation
in which the person makes a solemn declaration using such words as he or
she considers binding on his or her conscience.

f\. Prior to commencing testimony, a statement of the issues as shown by
the evidence should be made. The claimant and the representative will be
asked if this is their understanding of the issues. If there is a
misunderstanding of the issues, clarification should be made at that
time. This will not be used to limit the scope of relevant issues or to
indicate to the claimant that testimony is to be curtailed. If
additional issues are raised by the claimant or representative at this
point or during the hearing, they are to be properly considered and not
ignored.

g\. Recording of the hearing will start with the chair\'s opening
statement. This statement will include the fact that a hearing is being
held, date and time of commencement of the hearing, authority before
which the hearing is being held, name of veteran, name of claimant if
not the veteran, file number, and that the claimant and witnesses have
been duly sworn in. A brief statement of the issue will be made. If
present, the representative or attorney will be asked if he/she desires
to make an opening statement; otherwise, the claimant will be given this
opportunity. The representative or attorney will be allowed to introduce
the claimant\'s testimony and ask questions concerning the same.

h\. Whether the claimant or witnesses should be interrupted by questions
or to suggest areas which should be further developed during the course
of their testimony will depend upon the individual hearing. While it may
appear the testimony is irrelevant and rambling, it must be remembered
the purpose of the hearing is to permit the claimants to present their
case subject to maintenance of reasonable bounds of relevancy and
materiality. While pertinent questions may be asked during testimony,
care and tact should be exercised in limiting the witness in order to
guard against any indication that his or her testimony is not of
importance.

i\. Subsequent to the claimant\'s testimony, VA personnel should ask
pertinent questions consistent with the ex parte nature of the hearing.
If a medical question is at issue, there should be no hesitancy on the
part of the medical member of the hearing panel to observe and comment
on the claimant\'s condition, especially if requested to do so by the
claimant or representative. Based on the observation by the medical
member, any indicated development, including the scheduling of a VA
examination, should be taken as soon as practicable. Questioning should
be initiated by the chair with each member given an opportunity, in
rotation, to ask questions. While cross-examination is to be avoided, it
is important that the claimant be questioned sufficiently to develop
fully all contentions to present the claim in its best light.

j\. After the claimant\'s testimony and questioning by members of the
panel, the witnesses will be given an opportunity to testify. It is
recognized that some representatives and attorneys may desire that the
witnesses testify immediately after the claimant and prior to any
questions by the panel. In such cases the panel will question the
claimant and witnesses after the completion of testimony by the
witnesses. Prior to the questioning of the claimant by the panel, the
claimant should be asked if there are any objections to any of the
witnesses being present. If an objection is raised, the witness or
witnesses should be excused.

k\. After completion of the testimony, including discussion of any area
raised by questions from the panel, the claimant will be given an
opportunity to make a final statement. The representative, if there is
one, will also be requested to make any closing statement he or she
desires. Prior to termination of the hearing, the chair will ask if
there is anyone present who has additional comments or testimony before
the hearing is completed.

1\. Upon completion of the hearing, the chairperson will note the time
and inform the claimant and/or representative that the case will receive
careful consideration and that all interested parties will be notified
of the decision made. The claimant and witness(es) will be escorted from
the hearing room and not left to find their own way out of the area.

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m\. The original typed copy of the transcript and carbon copy, if any,
will be attached to the insurance folder and referred to the chairperson
of the board, the Medical Consultant, and the Authorizer, respectively,
to have the transcript checked and approved, after which the copy, if
any, will be released to the claimant\'s representative. The original
transcript will be filed in the insurance folder and will be considered
for further development or decision.

n\. When the hearing is held in an office other than the insurance
center, the case will be processed in a similar manner as above. It will
be necessary for all of the appointed board members to check and approve
the transcript. The folders will then be transferred back to the
insurance center for further development of decision.

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