![](media/image1.png){width="3.94375in" height="1.475in"}

Standard Measurement & Verification Plan

for

Chiller Replacement Projects

Conducted Under DOE's Super ESPC Program

**FINAL**

**Approved** **by ESPC Steering Committee**

**6/05/08**

Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP)

Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

U.S. Department of Energy

This document was developed for the U.S. Department of Energy's Federal
Energy Management Program by Nexant, Inc. This document will be posted
on FEMP's web site at
<http://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/financing/superespcs_mvresources.html>.

Contents

1\. Background [2](#background)

2\. How to use this guide [2](#how-to-use-this-guide)

2.1 Notes to the User [2](#notes-to-the-user)

2.2 Risk and Responsibility Matrix [3](#risk-and-responsibility-matrix)

2.3 Instrumentation Requirements [4](#instrumentation-requirements)

2.4 M&V Plan Summary [5](#mv-plan-summary)

3\. Chiller Retrofit M&V Plan and Savings Calculation Methods
[8](#chiller-retrofit-mv-plan-and-savings-calculation-methods)

3.1 Overview of ECM, M&V Plan, and Savings Calculation for ECM
[8](#overview-of-ecm-mv-plan-and-savings-calculation-for-ecm)

3.2 Energy and Water Baseline Development
[9](#energy-and-water-baseline-development)

3.3 Proposed Energy & Water Savings Calculations and Methodology
[15](#proposed-energy-water-savings-calculations-and-methodology)

3.4 Operations and Maintenance and Other Cost Savings
[18](#operations-and-maintenance-and-other-cost-savings)

3.5 Proposed Annual Savings For ECM
[20](#proposed-annual-savings-for-ecm)

3.6 Post-Installation M&V Activities
[21](#post-installation-mv-activities)

3.7 Performance Period Verification Activities
[22](#performance-period-verification-activities)

4\. Appendix Materials [25](#appendix-materials)

Engineering Supplement to FEMP's Standard M&V Plan for Chiller
Replacement Projects
[25](#engineering-supplement-to-femps-standard-mv-plan-for-chiller-replacement-projects)

# Background

This document provides a comprehensive framework for a measurement and
verification (M&V) plan for chiller replacement projects performed via
an energy savings performance contract. A working group of industry and
private-sector parties involved with DOE's Super ESPC Program developed
this document. It should serve the following purposes:

-   Provide a foundation for an M&V plan for a common chiller
    replacement project utilizing a "best practice" approach, which
    considers risk allocation, engineering accuracy, and
    cost-effectiveness. This document provides a base document that must
    be customized for individual applications.

-   Reduce development and review times on individual projects.

-   Provide guidance to Federal agencies on what is essential for a
    robust M&V plan for chiller replacement projects.

-   For one of the most common measures in ESPCs, provide an example of
    an M&V Plan that complies with the requirements set forth in the
    FEMP M&V guidelines.

-   Provide an example of the format for M&V plans for Federal ESPC
    projects, as detailed in the M&V Plan Outline.[^1]

This M&V plan for chiller replacement projects relies on an M&V Option B
retrofit isolation approach using periodic on-site measurements. This
methodology is recommended for most one-for-one chiller replacement
projects, as outlined in this section.

# How to use this guide

## Notes to the User

The M&V approach outlined herein contains many specific parameters. The
prescribed methodologies were developed with consideration for technical
accuracy, cost-effectiveness, and appropriate risk allocation.

This draft plan is intended to be used as a starting point and must be
customized for each project. This plan only covers section three, *M&V
Plan and Savings Calculation Methods,* of the M&V Plan Outline, and must
be used in conjunction the first two sections, *Executive Summary / M&V
Overview & Proposed Savings Calculations* and *Whole Project Data /
Global Assumptions.*

All text *[[underlined and highlighted yellow]{.underline}]{.mark}*
indicates data that should be customized for the project. In some
locations, footnotes or text boxes are included to provide additional
instructions. Instructions should not be included in the M&V plan.

For projects that deviate from the prescribed methodologies, the ESCO is
expected to document the deviations from the base plan. This approach
will serve the following purposes:

-   Allow government staff to easily assess the M&V approach, and

-   Help to ensure that a minimum level of rigor is maintained on
    individual projects in order to maintain the integrity of the Super
    ESPC program.

The methodology included herein is suitable for the following projects:

-   Projects that consist of one-for-one replacements of medium and
    large size chillers.

-   Projects in which risks and responsibilities are to be allocated as
    indicated in Table 1.

-   Projects where energy cost saving of approximately \$30,000 per year
    or more result from the chiller replacement. If savings are less,
    economize on M&V activities. If savings are more, enhance M&V
    activities.

    -   These annual M&V activities are estimated to amount to about 80
        hours of engineering labor, with an additional 25 hours for
        annual O&M activities (sensor calibrations or replacements).

    -   Most projects will also include additional initial M&V costs for
        installing the permanent instrumentation required to conduct
        these activities.

### Companion Document: Engineering Supplement to the Standard Chiller M&V Plan {#companion-document-engineering-supplement-to-the-standard-chiller-mv-plan .Style-Heading-333rd-order-hd-+-BoldUnderlineLeft:--0\"First-lin...}

A companion document, Engineering Supplement to FEMP's Standard Chiller
M&V Plan, is attached as an appendix. The Engineering Supplement
provides an outline of the analyses required to implement this M&V plan.

## Risk and Responsibility Matrix

The Super ESPC Risk and Responsibility Matrix[^2] provides an overview
of risk allocation in a Super ESPC contract. In order to use this
standard M&V plan, the project must allocate risks and responsibilities
that align with the plan. The risk allocation herein is based on the
typical arrangement for Super ESPC projects. Table 2-1 outlines the key
items that need to be included in the project's Risk and Responsibility
Matrix for this ECM.

Table 2‑1: Summary of Risk and Responsibility Matrix Items For This ECM

+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| **Item of        | > **Description of Allocation**                   |
| Responsibility** |                                                   |
+==================+===================================================+
| 1.               |                                                   |
|   **Financial:** |                                                   |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| a.  Interest     | > N/A                                             |
|     rates:       |                                                   |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| b.  Energy       | > ESCO is not responsible for changes in energy   |
|     prices:      | > rates.                                          |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| c.  Construction | > N/A                                             |
|     costs:       |                                                   |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| d.  M & V costs: | > Included in project costs. First year M&V cost  |
|                  | > estimated at \$6150.                            |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| e.  Non-Energy   | > Inclusion is optional based on project          |
|     Cost         | > parameters. This example includes \$2000 annual |
|     Savings:     | > cost savings for non-routine maintenance as a   |
|                  | > place holder.                                   |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| f.  Delays:      | > N/A                                             |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| g.  Major        | > See Load, below                                 |
|     changes in   |                                                   |
|     facility:    |                                                   |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| 2.               |                                                   |
| **Operational:** |                                                   |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| a.  Operating    | > See Load, below                                 |
|     hours:       |                                                   |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| b.  Load:        | > ESCO is not responsible for changes in load.    |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| c.  Weather:     | > ESCO is not responsible for weather.            |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| d.  User         | > See Operations, below                           |
|                  |                                                   |
|   participation: |                                                   |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| 3.               |                                                   |
| **Performance:** |                                                   |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| a.  Equipment    | > ESCO responsible for equipment performance, as  |
|     performance: | > defined by kW/ton                               |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| b.  Operations:  | > Customer must comply with operational sequence  |
|                  | > installed with ECM. ESCO is responsible for     |
|                  | > oversight.                                      |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| c.  Preventive   | > Customer must comply with ESCO specifications   |
|     Maintenance: | > for preventive maintenance and manufacturer's   |
|                  | > requirements. ESCO is responsible for           |
|                  | > oversight.                                      |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| d.  Equipment    | > Responsibility for equipment repair and         |
|     Repair and   | > replacement is negotiable specific to Agency    |
|     Replacement: | > policy.                                         |
+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+

## Instrumentation Requirements

For the use of this standard M&V plan to be successful, the sensors used
for baseline and post-installation measurements must meet minimum
accuracy requirements and must be properly calibrated, as shown in Table
2-2. If the accuracy of any instrument is less than prescribed, the
measurements may not be suitable, as they will introduce unacceptable
levels of error into the energy calculations.

The instrumentation accuracy requirements are designed to ensure that
overall energy and cost estimates are reasonable. Although error
analysis is not required by Super ESPC projects, it is important to keep
in mind that the inaccuracies introduced by the instrumentation will
likely be the greatest source of uncertainty in calculated savings. For
a chiller project, the most important measurements are the chilled water
temperatures. Additional care should be taken to ensure these sensors
have the recommended accuracies.

**Table 2‑2: Required Instrumentation Accuracies**[^3]

  ----------------------------- -------------------- --------------------
  **Equipment Type**            **Purpose**          **Accuracy of
                                                     Instrumentation**

  Flow meter                    Chilled water flow   ±2%
                                (GPM)                

  Immersion temperature sensors Chilled water        ±0.3ºF
                                temperatures (ºF)    

  Immersion temperature sensors Condenser water      ±0.5ºF
                                temperatures (ºF)    

  Power meters                  True RMS Power       ±2%

  Outdoor air relative humidity Outdoor air wet-bulb ±3%
  / wet-bulb temperature        temperatures         
  sensors                                            

  Outdoor air temperature       Outdoor air dry-bulb ±1.0ºF
  sensors                       temperatures         
  ----------------------------- -------------------- --------------------

The actual specifications and measurement accuracies of any equipment
used should be included in the M&V plan. Specific instrumentation types
identified herein are provided as examples of the measurement devices
that should be used. Other important factors that must be considered in
selecting proper instrumentation are locations, installation
requirements, signal outputs, and calibration requirements.

## M&V Plan Summary 

The following table summarizes the key elements present in this standard
M&V plan for chiller replacements. The content is summarized in Table
2-3 into four sections: Baseline M&V Activities, Post-Installation M&V
Activities, Annual / Periodic M&V Activities, and Energy Use and Savings
Calculations.

Table 2‑3 : Summary of Key Elements in Standard M&V Plan for Chiller
Replacement

+--------------+---------------------+-------------+------------------+
| **ECM --     |                     |             |                  |
| Chiller      |                     |             |                  |
| R            |                     |             |                  |
| eplacement** |                     |             |                  |
+--------------+---------------------+-------------+------------------+
| **Brief ECM  |                     |             |                  |
| De           |                     |             |                  |
| scription:** |                     |             |                  |
+--------------+---------------------+-------------+------------------+
| **M&V        | **Option B**        | **          | **IPMVP 2007**   |
| Option:**    |                     | Protocol:** |                  |
+--------------+---------------------+-------------+------------------+
| **[Baseline  |                     |             |                  |
| M&V          |                     |             |                  |
| Ac           |                     |             |                  |
| tivities]{.u |                     |             |                  |
| nderline}**: |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| *(Summary of |                     |             |                  |
| measurements |                     |             |                  |
| performed,   |                     |             |                  |
| assumptions, |                     |             |                  |
| sources of   |                     |             |                  |
| data,        |                     |             |                  |
| baseline     |                     |             |                  |
| energy use   |                     |             |                  |
| calculation  |                     |             |                  |
| m            |                     |             |                  |
| ethodology)* |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Confirm  |                     |             |                  |
|     baseline |                     |             |                  |
|     meter    |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  calibration |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|     accuracy |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Collect  |                     |             |                  |
|     baseline |                     |             |                  |
|     data     |                     |             |                  |
|     across   |                     |             |                  |
|     expected |                     |             |                  |
|     range of |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    operating |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   conditions |                     |             |                  |
|     (e.g.,   |                     |             |                  |
|     load,    |                     |             |                  |
|     outside  |                     |             |                  |
|     air      |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  temperature |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   humidity), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    including |                     |             |                  |
|     both     |                     |             |                  |
|     shoulder |                     |             |                  |
|     and peak |                     |             |                  |
|     months   |                     |             |                  |
|     (either  |                     |             |                  |
|     April -- |                     |             |                  |
|     July or  |                     |             |                  |
|     August   |                     |             |                  |
|     --       |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    October). |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   Parameters |                     |             |                  |
|     measured |                     |             |                  |
|     include: |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  -   Chiller |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|     electric |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       demand |                     |             |                  |
|         (kW) |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       energy |                     |             |                  |
|         use  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        (kWh) |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  -   Chilled |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|         load |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      (tons), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   calculated |                     |             |                  |
|         from |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   coincident |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| measurements |                     |             |                  |
|         of   |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      chilled |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|         flow |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       (gpm), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      chilled |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       supply |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       return |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| temperatures |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        (ºF), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|     -        |                     |             |                  |
|    Condenser |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       supply |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       return |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| temperatures |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        (ºF), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|     -   Pump |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      cooling |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        tower |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       demand |                     |             |                  |
|         (kW) |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       energy |                     |             |                  |
|         use  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        (kWh) |                     |             |                  |
|         (if  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   affected), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      cooling |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        tower |                     |             |                  |
|         fan  |                     |             |                  |
|         kWs  |                     |             |                  |
|         (if  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   affected), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  -   Outdoor |                     |             |                  |
|         air  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  temperature |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    humidity. |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -            |                     |             |                  |
|    Calculate |                     |             |                  |
|     chilled  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  performance |                     |             |                  |
|     (kW/ton) |                     |             |                  |
|     across   |                     |             |                  |
|     expected |                     |             |                  |
|     range of |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    operating |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   conditions |                     |             |                  |
|     (e.g.,   |                     |             |                  |
|     load,    |                     |             |                  |
|     outside  |                     |             |                  |
|     air      |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  temperature |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  humidity)., |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  extrapolate |                     |             |                  |
|     short    |                     |             |                  |
|     term     |                     |             |                  |
|     cooling  |                     |             |                  |
|     load     |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| measurements |                     |             |                  |
|     to       |                     |             |                  |
|     annual   |                     |             |                  |
|     cooling  |                     |             |                  |
|     load     |                     |             |                  |
|     profile  |                     |             |                  |
|     for      |                     |             |                  |
|     baseline |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  conditions, |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|     verify   |                     |             |                  |
|     cooling  |                     |             |                  |
|     tower    |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  performance |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    (Approach |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|     Range),  |                     |             |                  |
|     chilled  |                     |             |                  |
|     water    |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    condenser |                     |             |                  |
|     water    |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    setpoints |                     |             |                  |
|     ,        |                     |             |                  |
|     chiller  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   sequencing |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|     other    |                     |             |                  |
|     baseline |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   parameters |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Collect  |                     |             |                  |
|     baseline |                     |             |                  |
|     do       |                     |             |                  |
| cumentation: |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    nameplate |                     |             |                  |
|     data,    |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    operating |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   schedules, |                     |             |                  |
|     chiller  |                     |             |                  |
|     ages and |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   condition, |                     |             |                  |
|     loads    |                     |             |                  |
|     served,  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    location. |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Document |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  assumptions |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   including: |                     |             |                  |
|     baseline |                     |             |                  |
|     weather  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   conditions |                     |             |                  |
|     (based   |                     |             |                  |
|     on TMY2  |                     |             |                  |
|     weather  |                     |             |                  |
|     data for |                     |             |                  |
|     nearest  |                     |             |                  |
|     site     |                     |             |                  |
|     with     |                     |             |                  |
|     similar  |                     |             |                  |
|     weather  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| conditions), |                     |             |                  |
|     seasonal |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    operating |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   schedules, |                     |             |                  |
|     Month    |                     |             |                  |
|     and time |                     |             |                  |
|     of day   |                     |             |                  |
|     of peak  |                     |             |                  |
|     building |                     |             |                  |
|     demand   |                     |             |                  |
+--------------+---------------------+-------------+------------------+
| **[Post-     |                     |             |                  |
| Installation |                     |             |                  |
| M&V          |                     |             |                  |
| A            |                     |             |                  |
| ctivities]{. |                     |             |                  |
| underline}** |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| *(Summary of |                     |             |                  |
| inspections, |                     |             |                  |
| measurements |                     |             |                  |
| to be        |                     |             |                  |
| performed,   |                     |             |                  |
| reporting    |                     |             |                  |
| requirements |                     |             |                  |
| and          |                     |             |                  |
| submittals)* |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Confirm  |                     |             |                  |
|     post-    |                     |             |                  |
| installation |                     |             |                  |
|     meter    |                     |             |                  |
|     accuracy |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  calibration |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Conduct  |                     |             |                  |
|     post-    |                     |             |                  |
| installation |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  performance |                     |             |                  |
|     test for |                     |             |                  |
|     two      |                     |             |                  |
|     weeks.   |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   Parameters |                     |             |                  |
|     to be    |                     |             |                  |
|     measured |                     |             |                  |
|     include: |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  -   Chiller |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|     electric |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       demand |                     |             |                  |
|         (kW) |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       energy |                     |             |                  |
|         use  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       (kWh), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  -   Chilled |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|         load |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      (tons), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   calculated |                     |             |                  |
|         from |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   coincident |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| measurements |                     |             |                  |
|         of   |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      chilled |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|         flow |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       (gpm), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      chilled |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       supply |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       return |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| temperatures |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        (ºF), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|     -        |                     |             |                  |
|    Condenser |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       supply |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       return |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| temperatures |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        (ºF), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|     -   Pump |                     |             |                  |
|         (if  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    affected) |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      cooling |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        tower |                     |             |                  |
|         fan  |                     |             |                  |
|         (if  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    affected) |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       demand |                     |             |                  |
|         (kW) |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       energy |                     |             |                  |
|         use  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       (kWh), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  -   Outdoor |                     |             |                  |
|         air  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  temperature |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    humidity. |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Measured |                     |             |                  |
|     pump     |                     |             |                  |
|     demand   |                     |             |                  |
|     (kW) and |                     |             |                  |
|     energy   |                     |             |                  |
|     (kWh)    |                     |             |                  |
|     (if      |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   affected), |                     |             |                  |
|     cooling  |                     |             |                  |
|     tower    |                     |             |                  |
|     fan      |                     |             |                  |
|     demand   |                     |             |                  |
|     (kW) and |                     |             |                  |
|     energy   |                     |             |                  |
|     use      |                     |             |                  |
|     (kWh)    |                     |             |                  |
|     (if      |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    affected) |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Post-    |                     |             |                  |
| Installation |                     |             |                  |
|     report   |                     |             |                  |
|     in       |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   accordance |                     |             |                  |
|     with     |                     |             |                  |
|     IDIQ     |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| requirements |                     |             |                  |
+--------------+---------------------+-------------+------------------+
| **[Annual or |                     |             |                  |
| Periodic M&V |                     |             |                  |
| A            |                     |             |                  |
| ctivities]{. |                     |             |                  |
| underline}** |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| *(Summary of |                     |             |                  |
| inspections, |                     |             |                  |
| measurements |                     |             |                  |
| to be        |                     |             |                  |
| performed,   |                     |             |                  |
| reporting    |                     |             |                  |
| requirements |                     |             |                  |
| and          |                     |             |                  |
| submittals)* |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Confirm  |                     |             |                  |
|     meter    |                     |             |                  |
|     accuracy |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|     perform  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| calibrations |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Perform  |                     |             |                  |
|     system   |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  performance |                     |             |                  |
|     test     |                     |             |                  |
|     using    |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  permanently |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    installed |                     |             |                  |
|     metering |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -            |                     |             |                  |
|   Parameters |                     |             |                  |
|     to be    |                     |             |                  |
|     measured |                     |             |                  |
|     include: |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  -   Chiller |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|     electric |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       demand |                     |             |                  |
|         (kW) |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       energy |                     |             |                  |
|         use  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       (kWh), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  -   Chilled |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|         load |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      (tons), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   calculated |                     |             |                  |
|         from |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   coincident |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| measurements |                     |             |                  |
|         of   |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      chilled |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|         flow |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       (gpm), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      chilled |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       supply |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       return |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| temperatures |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        (ºF), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|     -        |                     |             |                  |
|    Condenser |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        water |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       supply |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       return |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| temperatures |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        (ºF), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|     -   Pump |                     |             |                  |
|         (if  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    affected) |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|      cooling |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|        tower |                     |             |                  |
|         fan  |                     |             |                  |
|         (if  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    affected) |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       demand |                     |             |                  |
|         (kW) |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       energy |                     |             |                  |
|         use  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|       (kWh), |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  -   Outdoor |                     |             |                  |
|         air  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  temperature |                     |             |                  |
|         and  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    humidity. |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -            |                     |             |                  |
|    Calculate |                     |             |                  |
|     chiller  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  performance |                     |             |                  |
|     (kW/Ton) |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|     compare  |                     |             |                  |
|     to       |                     |             |                  |
|     proposed |                     |             |                  |
|     chiller  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  performance |                     |             |                  |
|     values   |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -            |                     |             |                  |
|    Calculate |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  performance |                     |             |                  |
|     period   |                     |             |                  |
|     energy   |                     |             |                  |
|     use and  |                     |             |                  |
|     savings  |                     |             |                  |
|     using    |                     |             |                  |
|     measured |                     |             |                  |
|     values   |                     |             |                  |
|     applied  |                     |             |                  |
|     to       |                     |             |                  |
|     baseline |                     |             |                  |
|     load     |                     |             |                  |
|     profile  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Annual   |                     |             |                  |
|     Report   |                     |             |                  |
|     in       |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   accordance |                     |             |                  |
|     with     |                     |             |                  |
|     IDIQ     |                     |             |                  |
|     r        |                     |             |                  |
| equirements. |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   O&M data |                     |             |                  |
|     to be    |                     |             |                  |
|     provided |                     |             |                  |
|     by       |                     |             |                  |
|     facility |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|     included |                     |             |                  |
|     in       |                     |             |                  |
|     Annual   |                     |             |                  |
|     Report   |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Verify   |                     |             |                  |
|     O&M has  |                     |             |                  |
|     been     |                     |             |                  |
|     properly |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    executed, |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    including |                     |             |                  |
|     periodic |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  calibration |                     |             |                  |
|     of       |                     |             |                  |
|     ins      |                     |             |                  |
| trumentation |                     |             |                  |
|     to       |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   prescribed |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   accuracies |                     |             |                  |
+--------------+---------------------+-------------+------------------+
| **[Energy    |                     |             |                  |
| Use and      |                     |             |                  |
| Savings      |                     |             |                  |
| Cal          |                     |             |                  |
| culations]{. |                     |             |                  |
| underline}** |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| *(Summary of |                     |             |                  |
| savings      |                     |             |                  |
| calculation  |                     |             |                  |
| method)*     |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Use      |                     |             |                  |
|     baseline |                     |             |                  |
|     measured |                     |             |                  |
|     data to  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    determine |                     |             |                  |
|     existing |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  operational |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   efficiency |                     |             |                  |
|     curve    |                     |             |                  |
|     and load |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    profiles. |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -            |                     |             |                  |
|    Determine |                     |             |                  |
|     baseline |                     |             |                  |
|     load     |                     |             |                  |
|     relation |                     |             |                  |
|     to       |                     |             |                  |
|     outside  |                     |             |                  |
|     air      |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  temperature |                     |             |                  |
|     (assume  |                     |             |                  |
|     linear   |                     |             |                  |
|     re       |                     |             |                  |
| lationship). |                     |             |                  |
|     Apply to |                     |             |                  |
|     8760     |                     |             |                  |
|     typical  |                     |             |                  |
|     me       |                     |             |                  |
| teorological |                     |             |                  |
|     year     |                     |             |                  |
|     (TMY)    |                     |             |                  |
|     weather  |                     |             |                  |
|     data to  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   normalized |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    baseline. |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   To       |                     |             |                  |
|     account  |                     |             |                  |
|     for      |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| interactions |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  (reductions |                     |             |                  |
|     in load) |                     |             |                  |
|     from     |                     |             |                  |
|     other    |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    measures, |                     |             |                  |
|     loads    |                     |             |                  |
|     saved    |                     |             |                  |
|     will be  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   subtracted |                     |             |                  |
|     to       |                     |             |                  |
|     arrive   |                     |             |                  |
|     at the   |                     |             |                  |
|     adjusted |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    baseline. |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Each     |                     |             |                  |
|     year,    |                     |             |                  |
|     measured |                     |             |                  |
|     kW/ton   |                     |             |                  |
|     of       |                     |             |                  |
|     chillers |                     |             |                  |
|     will be  |                     |             |                  |
|     applied  |                     |             |                  |
|     to       |                     |             |                  |
|     adjusted |                     |             |                  |
|     baseline |                     |             |                  |
|     load to  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    determine |                     |             |                  |
|     energy   |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|     demand   |                     |             |                  |
|     savings. |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   Apply    |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|   stipulated |                     |             |                  |
|     demand   |                     |             |                  |
|     and      |                     |             |                  |
|     energy   |                     |             |                  |
|     rates to |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|    determine |                     |             |                  |
|     cost     |                     |             |                  |
|     savings. |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
| -   There    |                     |             |                  |
|     will be  |                     |             |                  |
|     minimal  |                     |             |                  |
|     savings  |                     |             |                  |
|     from     |                     |             |                  |
|     reduced  |                     |             |                  |
|              |                     |             |                  |
|  replacement |                     |             |                  |
|     parts.   |                     |             |                  |
+--------------+---------------------+-------------+------------------+

**CHILLER M&V PLAN STARTS ON THE NEXT PAGE**

#  {#section .unnumbered}

# Chiller Retrofit M&V Plan and Savings Calculation Methods

## Overview of ECM, M&V Plan, and Savings Calculation for ECM 

*[[Three 225-ton centrifugal chillers using R-11 refrigerant will be
replaced with three high-efficiency 225-ton centrifugal chillers using
R-134a refrigerant. ECM scope includes recovery of the R-11 refrigerant
as well as demolition and removal of the old chillers. Related ECMs
include ECM #1 - Lighting Retrofit and ECM#2 - EMCS (energy management
control system upgrade). Both these ECMs will reduce the load on the
central plant. All central plant peripheral equipment such as pumps,
piping, and cooling towers will be
reused]{.underline}]{.mark}*[^4]*[[.]{.underline}]{.mark}*

*[[The chilled water plant uses a constant volume primary loop and a
secondary variable flow pumping system to supply 46º F chilled water
during the months of April to October. The plant is off-line during
November through March of each year. Existing control sequences for the
central plant will be maintained]{.underline}]{.mark}*[^5]*[[. For
example, both the new and old chillers will use condenser water
temperatures of down to 70ºF when available, and will maintain chilled
water temperatures at 46ºF. Chiller staging strategies will also remain
the same.]{.underline}]{.mark}*

*[[Capital investment for this ECM is \$1,215,000 (\$1,800/ton), and
first year energy cost savings are estimated to be \$35,000/yr. O&M
savings of \$2,000 are being claimed based on documented replacement
parts and purchased R-11 that will be eliminated. The SPB of 33 years is
long, but necessary, due to the need to replace the aging chillers and
to convert refrigerants. The other measures in this project help to
shorten the overall payback of the project.]{.underline}]{.mark}*

This measure uses FEMP/IPMVP M&V Option B, retrofit isolation with all
parameter measurement. This is an Option B approach since the energy use
is measured periodically and is used to directly calculate performance
period savings. Performance period savings will be normalized to average
weather conditions.

The M&V plan for this ECM is based on thorough baseline and
post-installation data collection and analysis. The purpose of
collecting baseline chiller data was to define three models:

> 1\) the cooling loads experienced by the plant based on outdoor air
> temperatures and other variables as needed, and
>
> 2\) the existing chillers' efficiencies (i.e., kW/ton),
>
> 3\) key operating conditions of the chiller plant (e.g. condenser
> water supply temperatures, chilled water supply temperatures, chiller
> sequencing).

Baseline metering was conducted for a period of three months which
covered both peak cooling loads and swing month conditions. The baseline
cooling load model was applied to average weather data (Typical
Meteorological Year or TMY) for the site to determine the typical annual
cooling load profile for the facility.

Immediately after installation and commissioning is complete, the data
from the post-installation performance test shall be used to develop a
performance model for each of the chillers. Once validated, these models
will be applied to the hourly load profile and compared to the baseline
conditions to predict the energy and demand savings for performance Year
1.

During *[[August]{.underline}]{.mark}* of each year in the contract
period the ESCO will perform an annual chiller plant sensor calibration
and chiller performance testing. The performance test period will start
immediately after annual calibration is completed and will last for 2 to
8 weeks.

After the first year, measured data will be collected and used to create
chiller models for the current performance period. The new chiller
performance models will be validated and applied to the hourly load
profile to determine savings.

Key operating parameters of the chiller plant will be recorded hourly by
the EMCS, and reviewed monthly by the ESCO. Data collected will include
chilled water supply and return temperatures, chiller status, condenser
water supply temperature, and outdoor air temperature. Periodic
verification is required to ensure the proper operating sequences
continue to be implemented by facilities staff.

Energy and demand savings calculations will be based on measured
baseline chiller demands, key plant operating parameters, and the
average cooling load profile for the site. The new chiller performance
models, developed and verified using measured values, will be applied to
the average cooling load profile. Baseline and post-installation model
results are compared for each hour of the year, and energy and demand
savings are calculated from the coincident time periods. The annual
energy savings are the sum of the hourly energy savings, and the peak
demand savings are determined for each month during the time period
which corresponds to the times when the building's peak demand is
typically set.

## Energy and Water Baseline Development

### Continuous baseline data collection occurred from *[[April 3 to July 17, 2006]{.underline}]{.mark}*. Data collected included each of the existing chillers' power use and key operating parameters, discussed below. The nameplate data for the existing chillers is summarized in Table 3-4. {#continuous-baseline-data-collection-occurred-from-april-3-to-july-17-2006.-data-collected-included-each-of-the-existing-chillers-power-use-and-key-operating-parameters-discussed-below.-the-nameplate-data-for-the-existing-chillers-is-summarized-in-table-3-4. .unnumbered}

Table 3‑4: Summary of Nameplate Data for Baseline Chillers

  ----------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ---------------------------------
  **Item**    *[[Chiller                        *[[Chiller                        *[[Chiller
              #1]{.underline}]{.mark}*          #2]{.underline}]{.mark}*          #3]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  Brand       *[[Trane                          *[[Trane                          *[[Trane
              Cetravac]{.underline}]{.mark}*    Cetravac]{.underline}]{.mark}*    Cetravac]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  Model       *[[Model                          *[[Model                          *[[Model
              F-GD2-GO2]{.underline}]{.mark}*   F-GD2-GO2]{.underline}]{.mark}*   F-GD2-GO2]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  Capacity    *[[225 tons]{.underline}]{.mark}* *[[225 tons]{.underline}]{.mark}* *[[225 tons]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  Rated kW    *[[194 kW]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[194 kW]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[194 kW]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  Serial \#   *[[N/A]{.underline}]{.mark}*      *[[N/A]{.underline}]{.mark}*      *[[N/A]{.underline}]{.mark}*
  ----------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------- ---------------------------------

The key independent variables affecting baseline chiller efficiency and
energy use are total building cooling load, chiller sequencing or
staging, leaving (or supply) chilled water temperature, entering (or
supply) condenser water temperature. Primary chilled water and condenser
water flow rates affect the performance of the chillers but are
essentially constant for the existing chiller plant.

### The key system performance factors that characterize the baseline conditions are chilled water supply temperature and maximum chiller capacity.  {#the-key-system-performance-factors-that-characterize-the-baseline-conditions-are-chilled-water-supply-temperature-and-maximum-chiller-capacity. .unnumbered}

### Baseline chiller plant metering utilized both the EMCS data and stand-alone loggers. Prior to starting baseline data collection, the accuracy of the EMCS sensors were evaluated and were then calibrated or replaced with new calibrated sensors to ensure precision. The sensors used are shown in Table 3-5, and completed calibration forms and certificates are included in the Appendix.  {#baseline-chiller-plant-metering-utilized-both-the-emcs-data-and-stand-alone-loggers.-prior-to-starting-baseline-data-collection-the-accuracy-of-the-emcs-sensors-were-evaluated-and-were-then-calibrated-or-replaced-with-new-calibrated-sensors-to-ensure-precision.-the-sensors-used-are-shown-in-table-3-5-and-completed-calibration-forms-and-certificates-are-included-in-the-appendix. .unnumbered}

Table 3‑5: Chiller Baseline Data Collection Instrumentation Accuracies

+----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| **Data   | **       | **       | **Accuracy | **Data    | **Me      |
| point**  | Location | Sensor** | of         | Ac        | asurement |
|          | of       |          | Sensor**   | quisition | I         |
|          | Sen      |          |            | &         | nterval** |
|          | sor(s)** |          |            | Storage** |           |
+==========+==========+==========+============+===========+===========+
| Chilled  | *[[CH    | *        | *          | *[        | *[[15     |
| water    | -1]{.und | [[Precon | [[+0.3ºF]{ | [EMCS]{.u | mi        |
| supply   | erline}] | STW-24   | .underline | nderline} | nutes]{.u |
| tem      | {.mark}* | Thermist | }]{.mark}* | ]{.mark}* | nderline} |
| perature |          | er]{.und |            |           | ]{.mark}* |
|          | *[[CH-2, | erline}] |            |           |           |
|          | &]{.und  | {.mark}* |            |           |           |
|          | erline}] |          |            |           |           |
|          | {.mark}* |          |            |           |           |
|          |          |          |            |           |           |
|          | *[[CH    |          |            |           |           |
|          | -3]{.und |          |            |           |           |
|          | erline}] |          |            |           |           |
|          | {.mark}* |          |            |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| Chilled  | *[[CH    | *        | *          | *[        | *[[15     |
| water    | -1]{.und | [[Precon | [[+0.3ºF]{ | [EMCS]{.u | mi        |
| return   | erline}] | STW-24   | .underline | nderline} | nutes]{.u |
| tem      | {.mark}* | Thermist | }]{.mark}* | ]{.mark}* | nderline} |
| perature |          | er]{.und |            |           | ]{.mark}* |
|          | *[[CH-2, | erline}] |            |           |           |
|          | &]{.und  | {.mark}* |            |           |           |
|          | erline}] |          |            |           |           |
|          | {.mark}* |          |            |           |           |
|          |          |          |            |           |           |
|          | *[[CH    |          |            |           |           |
|          | -3]{.und |          |            |           |           |
|          | erline}] |          |            |           |           |
|          | {.mark}* |          |            |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| C        | *        | *[[Veris | *          | *[        | *[[15     |
| ondenser | [[Common | TI       | [[+0.2ºC]{ | [EMCS]{.u | mi        |
| water    | supply   | HC1      | .underline | nderline} | nutes]{.u |
| supply   | head     | F2]{.und | }]{.mark}* | ]{.mark}* | nderline} |
| tem      | er]{.und | erline}] |            |           | ]{.mark}* |
| perature | erline}] | {.mark}* |            |           |           |
|          | {.mark}* |          |            |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| C        | *        | *[[Veris | *          | *[        | *[[15     |
| ondenser | [[Common | TI       | [[+0.2ºC]{ | [EMCS]{.u | mi        |
| water    | supply   | HC1      | .underline | nderline} | nutes]{.u |
| return   | head     | F2]{.und | }]{.mark}* | ]{.mark}* | nderline} |
| tem      | er]{.und | erline}] |            |           | ]{.mark}* |
| perature | erline}] | {.mark}* |            |           |           |
|          | {.mark}* |          |            |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| Chilled  | *[[CH    | *[       | *[[+2.0%   | *         | *[[5      |
| water    | -1]{.und | [Siemens | flow       | [[Siemens | mi        |
| flow     | erline}] | SITRANS  | rate]{     | SITRANS   | nutes]{.u |
| rate     | {.mark}* | FUP10    | .underline | FU        | nderline} |
|          |          | 10]{.und | }]{.mark}* | P1010]{.u | ]{.mark}* |
|          | *[[CH-2, | erline}] |            | nderline} |           |
|          | &]{.und  | {.mark}* |            | ]{.mark}* |           |
|          | erline}] |          |            |           |           |
|          | {.mark}* |          |            |           |           |
|          |          |          |            |           |           |
|          | *[[CH    |          |            |           |           |
|          | -3]{.und |          |            |           |           |
|          | erline}] |          |            |           |           |
|          | {.mark}* |          |            |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| Chiller  | *[[CH    | *[[DENT  | *[[+2%]{   | *[[DENT   | *[[5      |
| power    | -1]{.und | ELITEpro | .underline | ELITEpro  | mi        |
| and      | erline}] | Po       | }]{.mark}* | P         | nutes]{.u |
| energy   | {.mark}* | ly-Phase |            | oly-Phase | nderline} |
| use (kW  |          | Power    |            | Power     | ]{.mark}* |
| & kWh)   | *[[CH-2, | Mete     |            | M         |           |
|          | &]{.und  | rs]{.und |            | eters]{.u |           |
|          | erline}] | erline}] |            | nderline} |           |
|          | {.mark}* | {.mark}* |            | ]{.mark}* |           |
|          |          |          |            |           |           |
|          | *[[CH    |          |            |           |           |
|          | -3]{.und |          |            |           |           |
|          | erline}] |          |            |           |           |
|          | {.mark}* |          |            |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| Outdoor  | *[[Ro    | *[[JCI   | *          | *[        | *[[15     |
| air      | of]{.und | TE-6363  | [[+1.0ºF]{ | [EMCS]{.u | mi        |
| tem      | erline}] | P-1      | .underline | nderline} | nutes]{.u |
| perature | {.mark}* | Outdoor  | }]{.mark}* | ]{.mark}* | nderline} |
|          |          | Air      |            |           | ]{.mark}* |
|          |          | Tem      |            |           |           |
|          |          | perature |            |           |           |
|          |          | Sens     |            |           |           |
|          |          | or]{.und |            |           |           |
|          |          | erline}] |            |           |           |
|          |          | {.mark}* |            |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| Outdoor  | *[[Ro    | *[       | *[[+3%]{   | *[        | *[[15     |
| air      | of]{.und | [Veriteq | .underline | [EMCS]{.u | mi        |
| wet-bulb | erline}] | Spectrum | }]{.mark}* | nderline} | nutes]{.u |
| tem      | {.mark}* | 2        |            | ]{.mark}* | nderline} |
| perature |          | 00]{.und |            |           | ]{.mark}* |
|          |          | erline}] |            |           |           |
|          |          | {.mark}* |            |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+-----------+

###  {#section-1 .unnumbered}

### An excerpt of the measured data is shown in Table 3-6, and all data were submitted in spreadsheet format along with this M&V plan.  {#an-excerpt-of-the-measured-data-is-shown-in-table-3-6-and-all-data-were-submitted-in-spreadsheet-format-along-with-this-mv-plan. .unnumbered}

### Requirements for government witnessing of measurements are as defined in whole project data requirements earlier in the M&V plan. The baseline measurements for the chiller were witnessed and certified by *[[Facilities Supervisor Don Wong on 7/17/06]{.underline}]{.mark}*, and documentation is included in the Appendix. {#requirements-for-government-witnessing-of-measurements-are-as-defined-in-whole-project-data-requirements-earlier-in-the-mv-plan.-the-baseline-measurements-for-the-chiller-were-witnessed-and-certified-by-facilities-supervisor-don-wong-on-71706-and-documentation-is-included-in-the-appendix. .unnumbered}

Table 3‑6 : Excerpt from Baseline Data Collected

![](media/image2.wmf){width="6.490972222222222in" height="0.83125in"}

### The baseline data was analyzed to determine 1) building cooling load profile, 2) performance of the existing chillers, and 3) chiller plant operating parameters. {#the-baseline-data-was-analyzed-to-determine-1-building-cooling-load-profile-2-performance-of-the-existing-chillers-and-3-chiller-plant-operating-parameters. .unnumbered}

### Building Cooling Load Profile {#building-cooling-load-profile .Style-Heading-333rd-order-hd-+-BoldUnderlineLeft:--0\"First-lin...}

### The baseline data was manipulated to calculate tons of cooling for each chiller at each 15-minute time interval, per Equation 1. {#the-baseline-data-was-manipulated-to-calculate-tons-of-cooling-for-each-chiller-at-each-15-minute-time-interval-per-equation-1. .unnumbered}

> **Equation 1:**

### TONS~t~ = (CHWF)(500)(CHWRT -- CHWST) / (12,000) {#tonst-chwf500chwrt-chwst-12000 .unnumbered}

> Where:
>
> CHWF Chilled water flow in gallons per minute (GPM) for chiller

CHWRT Entering chilled water temperature (return temperature, °F)

> CHWST Leaving chilled water temperature (supply temperature, °F)
>
> 500 Conversion from GPM to Btu per hour-degree Fahrenheit
>
> 12,000 Conversion from Btuh to tons
>
> The calculated baseline cooling loads were correlated to measured
> outdoor air temperature[^6], as shown in Figure 1. Although the
> correlation of tons to temperature had a coefficient of variation
> (R^2^) less 0.5, this correlation is sufficient to predict the annual
> cooling loads. The load profile of the facility was then applied to
> hourly TMY data from *[[WBAN 94728]{.underline}]{.mark}*[^7] weather
> site to determine annual loads.

Figure 1: Measured Tons and Outdoor Air Temperature

> ![](media/image3.wmf){width="4.497222222222222in"
> height="2.473611111111111in"}
>
> The cooling loads calculated to be saved from the other measures
> *[[(ECM #1 - Lighting and ECM #2 - EMCS)]{.mark}]{.underline}*
> included in this project were then subtracted to determine the
> adjusted cooling loads. The occupancy schedule of the facility was
> applied to the hourly model, and loads during unoccupied hours were
> deleted. The baseline adjustments made and resulting monthly loads are
> in Table 3-7.

Table 3‑7: Baseline TMY Loads and Adjustments Made

  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------ -------------------------------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------
  **Month**                          **Baseline Cooling Load              **ECM #1- Lighting Cooling       **ECM #2- EMCS Cooling Ton-Hours **Total Cooling Ton-Hours         **Adjusted Baseline Cooling Load
                                     (ton-hours)**                        Ton-Hours Saved**                saved**                          Adjusted**                        (Ton-Hours)**

  *[[1]{.underline}]{.mark}*         []{.mark}                            *[[-]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[-]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[-]{.underline}]{.mark}*        []{.mark}

  *[[2]{.underline}]{.mark}*         []{.mark}                            []{.mark}                        []{.mark}                        []{.mark}                         []{.mark}

  *[[3]{.underline}]{.mark}*         []{.mark}                            []{.mark}                        []{.mark}                        []{.mark}                         []{.mark}

  *[[4]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[30,022]{.underline}]{.mark}*      *[[1,382]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[-]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[1,382]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[28,640]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[5]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[139,150]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[1,382]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[685]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[2,067]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[137,082]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[6]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[200,709]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[1,382]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[992]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[2,374]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[198,335]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[7]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[240,920]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[1,382]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[1,192]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[2,574]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[238,346]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[8]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[220,390]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[1,382]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[1,090]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[2,472]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[217,918]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[9]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[181,667]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[1,382]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[897]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[2,279]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[179,388]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[10]{.underline}]{.mark}*        *[[81,881]{.underline}]{.mark}*      *[[1,382]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[-]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[1,382]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[80,499]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[11]{.underline}]{.mark}*        []{.mark}                            []{.mark}                        []{.mark}                        []{.mark}                         []{.mark}

  *[[12]{.underline}]{.mark}*        []{.mark}                            []{.mark}                        []{.mark}                        []{.mark}                         []{.mark}

  *[[Totals:]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[1,094,738]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[9,674]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[4,855]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[14,529]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[1,080,209]{.underline}]{.mark}*
  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------ -------------------------------- -------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------

> *[[The monthly reduction in cooling load due to ECM#1- Lighting
> Retrofit was estimated from monthly kWh savings. Based on
> Rundquist]{.underline}]{.mark}*[^8] *[[method and location, 35% of the
> lighting energy saved during cooling months was attributed to the
> cooling load reduction. The cooling load reductions due to ECM #2 -
> EMCS are detailed in the M&V plan for that
> measure.]{.underline}]{.mark}*

### Performance of the Existing Chillers {#performance-of-the-existing-chillers .Style-Heading-333rd-order-hd-+-BoldUnderlineLeft:--0\"First-lin...}

### A chiller performance model was developed for each chiller using the metered data and applied to the following component-based model[^9]: {#a-chiller-performance-model-was-developed-for-each-chiller-using-the-metered-data-and-applied-to-the-following-component-based-model .unnumbered}

> **Equation 2:**
>
> ***[[Power = A~0~ + A~1~ × T~CHW~+ A~2~ × T~CHW~^2^+ A~3~ × T~CW~ +
> A~4~ × T~CW~^2^+ A~5~ × PLR+ A~6~ × PLR^2^ + A~7~ × T~CHW~ × T~CW~+
> A~8~ × T~CHW~ × PLR + A~9~ × T~CW~ × PLR]{.underline}]{.mark}***
>
> *[[Where:]{.underline}]{.mark}*
>
> *[[T~CHW~ = Chilled Water Supply Temperature]{.underline}]{.mark}*
>
> *[[T~CW~ = Condenser Water Supply Temperature]{.underline}]{.mark}*
>
> *[[PLR = Part-load ratio (rated tons/actual
> tons)]{.underline}]{.mark}*
>
> *[[A~0~ - A~9~= Coefficients determined from measured
> data]{.underline}]{.mark}*
>
> Metered data from was used to determine the coefficients A~0~ through
> A~9~ for the existing chillers.
>
> Although the chillers are identical and are operated in parallel, a
> performance model for each chiller was developed. This approach
> ensures any differences in the performance of the existing units are
> captured. The coefficients in Equation 2 were determined using
> Microsoft Excel's regression function. The calculated coefficients
> *A~0~ -- A~9~* for each chiller are shown in Table 3-8.

Table 3‑8: Baseline Chiller Model Coefficients

  ---------------------------- ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
  ***[Coefficient]{.mark}***   ***[CH1]{.mark}***                  ***[CH2]{.mark}***                  ***[CH3]{.mark}***

  *[A0]{.mark}*                *[[456.0386]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[70.45294]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[15.51836]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[A1]{.mark}*                *[[-9.43391]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[-1.43935]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[-0.02565]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[A2]{.mark}*                *[[0.01412]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[0.004126]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[-0.00018]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[A3]{.mark}*                *[[-6.20574]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[-0.9671]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[-0.38504]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[A4]{.mark}*                *[[0.007466]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[0.002007]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[0.002305]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[A5]{.mark}*                *[[143.6792]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[0]{.underline}]{.mark}*          *[[0]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[A6]{.mark}*                *[[-55.2703]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[-55.1646]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[-33.4058]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[A7]{.mark}*                *[[0.107666]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[0.013987]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[0.000566]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[A8]{.mark}*                *[[0.360037]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[1.882767]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[1.531132]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[A9]{.mark}*                *[[0.499539]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[1.364763]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[1.38086]{.underline}]{.mark}*
  ---------------------------- ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

Figure **2**: Measured and Predicted kW for Chiller 1

> ![](media/image4.wmf){width="4.502083333333333in"
> height="2.972916666666667in"}

[Model Validation Procedures]{.underline}

> Because the energy use of the chillers is fundamental to the savings
> guarantee, these models must be validated as sufficiently accurate.
> Four statistical parameters are checked to verify that the models will
> not introduce an unacceptable level of uncertainty into the calculated
> saving.
>
> Data points excluded from this analysis include all measurements
> within 30 minutes of a chiller start and any measurements taken after
> a chiller has been taken off-line. Four statistical parameters will be
> checked to verify that the models will not introduce an unacceptable
> level of uncertainty into the calculated saving. The parameters
> evaluated and the recommended acceptable values for these chiller
> models are shown in Table 3-9. The calculation methodologies for these
> parameters are detailed in the Engineering Supplement in the Appendix.

Table 3‑9 : Statistical Validations Guidelines

  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------
  **Parameter evaluated**            **Suggested acceptable values**

                                     

  Coefficient of variation (R^2^)    \> 0.75

  C~V~(RSME)                         \< 15%

  t-statistic                        \> 2

  Mean bias error                    \< [+]{.underline} 7%
  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------

[Baseline Model Validation Results]{.underline}

> The parameters evaluated, the recommended acceptable values, and the
> actual values determined for these baseline chiller models are shown
> in Table 3-10. The calculation methodologies for these parameters are
> detailed in the Engineering Supplement in the appendix.
>
> These models have a close fit to measured data, as shown in Figure 2
> above. The detailed statistical results of the analyses of the
> baseline chillers are included in the electronic Appendix materials.

Table 3‑10: Statistical Validation Guidelines and Results[^10]

  ------------------------- ----------------- ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
  **Parameter evaluated**   **Suggested       **Actual values**                                                       
                            acceptable                                                                                
                            values**                                                                                  

                                              ***[[CH-1]{.underline}]{.mark}***   ***[[CH-2]{.underline}]{.mark}***   ***[[CH-3]{.underline}]{.mark}***

  Coefficient of Variation  \> 0.75           *[[0.84]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[0.82]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[0.78]{.underline}]{.mark}*
  (R^2^)                                                                                                              

  C~V~ (RSME)               \< 15%            *[[9.6%]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[8.9%]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[10.6%]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  t-statistics              Absolute value \> []{.mark}                                                               
                            2                                                                                         

  *[TCHW]{.mark}*                             *[[10]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[2]{.underline}]{.mark}*          *[[18]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[TCHW\^2]{.mark}*                          *[[-10]{.underline}]{.mark}*        *[[-2]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[-3]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[TCW]{.mark}*                              *[[3]{.underline}]{.mark}*          *[[3,]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[-2]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[TCW\^2]{.mark}*                           *[[-9]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[2,]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[-23]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[PLR]{.mark}*                              *[[3]{.underline}]{.mark}*          *[[8]{.underline}]{.mark}*          *[[27]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[PLR\^2]{.mark}*                           *[[4]{.underline}]{.mark}*          *[[65535]{.underline}]{.mark}*      *[[655]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[TCHW\*TCW]{.mark}*                        *[[193]{.underline}]{.mark}*        *[[-204]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[-581]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[TCHW\*PLR]{.mark}*                        *[[11]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[2]{.underline}]{.mark}*          *[[3]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[TCW\*PLR]{.mark}*                         *[[0.5]{.underline}]{.mark}*[^11]   *[[33]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[646]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[TCHW]{.mark}*                             *[[7]{.underline}]{.mark}*          *[[34]{.underline}]{.mark}*         *[[869]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  Mean Bias Error           \<                *[[4.2%]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[-5.5%]{.underline}]{.mark}*      *[[-6.4%]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                            [+]{.underline}                                                                           
                            7%                                                                                        
  ------------------------- ----------------- ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

### Chiller Plant Operating Parameters {#chiller-plant-operating-parameters .Style-Heading-333rd-order-hd-+-BoldUnderlineLeft:--0\"First-lin...}

> Since the sequences of operation for the chiller plant impacts overall
> plant efficiency and energy use, the baseline model must include
> chilled and condenser water temperatures and flows as well as the
> chiller staging sequences. Actual baseline sequences of operation were
> confirmed using metered data. The appropriate values for these
> parameters were then incorporated into the hourly chiller model, and
> baseline energy and demand usage were then determined. Table 3-11
> shows the baseline operating parameters that were determined and then
> applied.

Table 3‑11: Baseline Operating Parameters

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  **Item**                    **Description of sequences**      **Baseline values used**
  --------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------
  Chilled water temperatures  *[[Chilled water supply           *[[46ºF]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                              temperature is kept at a constant 
                              46ºF.]{.underline}]{.mark}*       

  Chilled water flow rates    *[[Chilled water flow rates based *[[\~540 GPM / Chiller up to 1620
                              on flow measurements at each      GPM & field
                              chiller]{.underline}]{.mark}*     testing]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  Condenser water             *[[Cooling tower approach         *[[75ºF to 83ºF based on TMY
  temperatures (cooling tower (outdoor air wet-bulb temperature wet-bulb
  performance)                --- condenser water supply        temperatures]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                              temperature) was determined to be 
                              7 ºF. Minimum temperature allowed 
                              is 75ºF.]{.underline}]{.mark}*    

  Condenser water flow rates  *[[Constant condenser water flow  *[[675 GPM / Chiller up to 2025
                              rate based on design data and     GPM]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                              number of pumps                   
                              operating]{.underline}]{.mark}*   

  Chiller staging             *[[Chillers 1, 2, & 3 are rotated []{.mark}
                              evenly based on run-time.         
                              Additional chillers are staged on 
                              at a maximum PLR of 0.80 and are  
                              taken off-line at a minimum PLR   
                              of 0.5.]{.underline}]{.mark}*     
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

## Proposed Energy & Water Savings Calculations and Methodology

As detailed in the previous section, a performance model of each chiller
was developed from measured data, and the building's cooling loads were
determined under typical weather conditions. The estimated savings were
determined by comparing energy used by the baseline chiller plant to the
manufacturer's published data on the energy use of the new chillers
under the same conditions for each hour of the year. The conditions
assumed in both the baseline and post-installation cases include
appropriate chiller plant operating conditions and TMY cooling loads.

Based on the TMY cooling loads and plant operating conditions, baseline
chiller plant demand use was calculated for each hour of the year. Using
the same 8760 hour model, the post-installation chiller plant demand was
estimated from manufacturer's data. Demand savings were determined for
each hour, and peak periods were identified. The peak demand savings
were calculated for each utility billing month, and the year's total
energy savings were estimated, as described by Equations 3 & 4 below.

Table 3‑12: Data Calculation Excerpt

![](media/image5.wmf){width="6.488888888888889in" height="1.1625in"}

An electronic version of the savings calculations were submitted with
this report and are summarized in Table 3-13.

Table 3‑13: Estimated Chiller Use and Savings by Month

  ------------------------ -------------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------
  ***Month***              ***Ton Hours***            ***Baseline Peak kW*** ***Baseline kWh***       ***Post-Installation   ***Post-Installation     ***Peak kW saved***  ***kWh Saved***
                                                                                                      Peak kW***             kWh***                                        

  *[1]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*               *[-]{.mark}*           *[-]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*           *[-]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*         *[-]{.mark}*

  *[2]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*               *[-]{.mark}*           *[-]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*           *[-]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*         *[-]{.mark}*

  *[3]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*               *[-]{.mark}*           *[-]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*           *[-]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*         *[-]{.mark}*

  *[4]{.mark}*             [*28,640*]{.mark}          *[262]{.mark}*         *[21,389]{.mark}*        [*160*]{.mark}         *[13,647]{.mark}*        *[102]{.mark}*       [*7,742*]{.mark}

  *[5]{.mark}*             *[137,082]{.mark}*         *[349]{.mark}*         *[104,262]{.mark}*       [*212*]{.mark}         [*66,525*]{.mark}        *[137]{.mark}*       *[37,738]{.mark}*

  *[6]{.mark}*             *[198,335]{.mark}*         *[372]{.mark}*         *[153,629]{.mark}*       [*222*]{.mark}         [*98,023*]{.mark}        *[150]{.mark}*       *[55,606]{.mark}*

  *[7]{.mark}*             *[238,346]{.mark}*         *[393]{.mark}*         *[186,370]{.mark}*       [*238*]{.mark}         *[118,914]{.mark}*       *[155]{.mark}*       *[67,456]{.mark}*

  *[8]{.mark}*             *[217,918]{.mark}*         *[345]{.mark}*         *[168,766]{.mark}*       [*201*]{.mark}         *[107,681]{.mark}*       *[144]{.mark}*       *[61,085]{.mark}*

  *[9]{.mark}*             *[179,388]{.mark}*         *[312]{.mark}*         *[137,562]{.mark}*       [*185*]{.mark}         [*87,771*]{.mark}        *[127]{.mark}*       *[49,790]{.mark}*

  *[10]{.mark}*            [*80,499*]{.mark}          *[264]{.mark}*         *[59,881]{.mark}*        [*159*]{.mark}         [*38,207*]{.mark}        *[105]{.mark}*       *[21,674]{.mark}*

  *[11]{.mark}*            *[-]{.mark}*               *[-]{.mark}*           *[-]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*           *[-]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*         *[-]{.mark}*

  *[12]{.mark}*            *[-]{.mark}*               *[-]{.mark}*           *[-]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*           *[-]{.mark}*             *[-]{.mark}*         *[-]{.mark}*

  ***[Totals:]{.mark}***   ***[1,080,209]{.mark}***   ***[2,297]{.mark}***   ***[831,860]{.mark}***   ***[1,377]{.mark}***   ***[530,769]{.mark}***   ***[920]{.mark}***   ***[301,091]{.mark}***
  ------------------------ -------------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------

### Key assumptions included in this approach are the following. {#key-assumptions-included-in-this-approach-are-the-following. .unnumbered}

### Chilled water flow is measured individually for each chiller.

-   Condenser water flows are based on design data.

### TMY weather data used accurately depicts a "typical" weather year for the site.

### The load profile that was determined from measured data during baseline development and applied to the TMY data accurately depicts the load profile for the facility.

-   The baseline chiller performances are accurately depicted in the
    mathematical models developed.

-   After installation, new chiller performance will be similarly
    modeled from periodic performance test data. The manufacturer's
    published data accurately estimated performance of the new chillers.

-   Cooling tower performance (approach and range) measured during
    baseline development will remain constant during the performance
    period.

-   Baseline chiller staging sequence as well as chilled and condenser
    water temperatures are defined from metered baseline data.

-   Performance period chiller staging sequence as well as chilled and
    condenser water temperatures will be periodically confirmed from
    metered data.

-   Factory performance testing will be performed on the new chillers.

-   Building peak demand is driven by the chiller plant, and is
    coincident with the chillers' peak usage.

### The energy and demand savings are calculated using Equations 3 and 4. {#the-energy-and-demand-savings-are-calculated-using-equations-3-and-4. .unnumbered}

> **Equation 3:**
>
> **Energy Savings (kWh) = Σt (kWh~t~, ~baseline~ -- kWh~t~, ~post~ )**
>
> Where:
>
> kWh~t,\ baseline~ = Energy that the baseline chillers would have used
> under the average TMY load conditions encountered for hour interval t
> in the post-installation period
>
> kWh~t,\ measured,\ post~ = Energy required by the new chillers under
> the average TMY load conditions encountered for hour interval t in the
> post-installation period
>
> **Equation 4:**
>
> **Monthly Demand Savings (kW) = {(kW ~baseline~) -- (kW
> ~post~)}~t-peak~**
>
> Where:
>
> Time period (t-peak) is defined as the one-hour interval during the
> building's peak period (between *[[1 and 4 PM on
> weekdays]{.underline}]{.mark}*) for that billing month during which
> the highest baseline demand is set by the chillers. Billing months are
> defined by the serving electric unity.
>
> (kW ~baseline~) is the demand for the baseline chillers predicted
> during time t
>
> (kW ~post~) is the demand of the new chillers predicted during the
> same interval t

Annual cost savings will be calculated using Equation 5.

> **Equation 5:**
>
> **Annual Cost Savings = Energy Savings (kWh) × Rate~kWh~ +\
> Σ~month~(Monthly Demand Savings × Rate~kW~)**

### Since the savings are normalized to average conditions, the chiller load and performance baseline is fixed for the duration of the contract and will not be adjusted. These parameters are defined in Table 3-7 and Table 3-8. Performance period savings may vary from year to year if the measured energy performance of the chillers varies significantly. Initial savings estimates used manufacturer's data to predict post-installation chiller performance, which are included in the Appendix. {#since-the-savings-are-normalized-to-average-conditions-the-chiller-load-and-performance-baseline-is-fixed-for-the-duration-of-the-contract-and-will-not-be-adjusted.-these-parameters-are-defined-in-table-3-7-and-table-3-8.-performance-period-savings-may-vary-from-year-to-year-if-the-measured-energy-performance-of-the-chillers-varies-significantly.-initial-savings-estimates-used-manufacturers-data-to-predict-post-installation-chiller-performance-which-are-included-in-the-appendix. .unnumbered}

### The energy and demand rates used to calculate cost savings are based on actual utility cost structures, and discussed in the Whole Project Data / Global Assumptions section of this M&V plan. The peak demand charges apply to the maximum peak demand set for the building, which corresponds to the chiller peak load. Therefore, chiller demand savings will only be considered during those hours. {#the-energy-and-demand-rates-used-to-calculate-cost-savings-are-based-on-actual-utility-cost-structures-and-discussed-in-the-whole-project-data-global-assumptions-section-of-this-mv-plan.-the-peak-demand-charges-apply-to-the-maximum-peak-demand-set-for-the-building-which-corresponds-to-the-chiller-peak-load.-therefore-chiller-demand-savings-will-only-be-considered-during-those-hours. .unnumbered}

### These energy and demand rates will be escalated at a rate of *[[2.2%]{.mark}]{.underline}* per year as shown in Table 3-14. {#these-energy-and-demand-rates-will-be-escalated-at-a-rate-of-2.2-per-year-as-shown-in-table-3-14. .unnumbered}

### **Table 3‑14: Performance Period Energy and Demand Rates**[^12] {#table-314-performance-period-energy-and-demand-rates .unnumbered}

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  *[[Performance                *[[Energy                      *[[Peak Demand
  Year]{.underline}]{.mark}*    \$/kWh]{.underline}]{.mark}*   \$/kW]{.underline}]{.mark}*
  ----------------------------- ------------------------------ -----------------------------
  *[[0]{.underline}]{.mark}*    [*\$ 0.0725*]{.mark}           [*\$ 11.25*]{.mark}

  *[[1]{.underline}]{.mark}*    [*\$ 0.0741*]{.mark}           [*\$ 11.50*]{.mark}

  *[[2]{.underline}]{.mark}*    [*\$ 0.0757*]{.mark}           [*\$ 11.75*]{.mark}

  *[[3]{.underline}]{.mark}*    [*\$ 0.0774*]{.mark}           [*\$ 12.01*]{.mark}

  *[[4]{.underline}]{.mark}*    [*\$ 0.0791*]{.mark}           [*\$ 12.27*]{.mark}

  *[[5]{.underline}]{.mark}*    [*\$ 0.0808*]{.mark}           [*\$ 12.54*]{.mark}

  *[[6]{.underline}]{.mark}*    [*\$ 0.0826*]{.mark}           [*\$ 12.82*]{.mark}

  *[[7]{.underline}]{.mark}*    [*\$ 0.0844*]{.mark}           [*\$ 13.10*]{.mark}

  *[[8]{.underline}]{.mark}*    [*\$ 0.0863*]{.mark}           [*\$ 13.39*]{.mark}

  *[[9]{.underline}]{.mark}*    [*\$ 0.0882*]{.mark}           [*\$ 13.68*]{.mark}

  *[[10]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.0901*]{.mark}           [*\$ 13.98*]{.mark}

  *[[11]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.0921*]{.mark}           [*\$ 14.29*]{.mark}

  *[[12]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.0941*]{.mark}           [*\$ 14.61*]{.mark}

  *[[13]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.0962*]{.mark}           [*\$ 14.93*]{.mark}

  *[[14]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.0983*]{.mark}           [*\$ 15.26*]{.mark}

  *[[15]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.1005*]{.mark}           [*\$ 15.59*]{.mark}

  *[[16]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.1027*]{.mark}           [*\$ 15.94*]{.mark}

  *[[17]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.1050*]{.mark}           [*\$ 16.29*]{.mark}

  *[[18]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.1073*]{.mark}           [*\$ 16.64*]{.mark}

  *[[19]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.1096*]{.mark}           [*\$ 17.01*]{.mark}

  *[[20]{.underline}]{.mark}*   [*\$ 0.1120*]{.mark}           [*\$ 17.38*]{.mark}
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

### The proposed annual savings for this ECM for the performance period and cost savings for year 1 are Summarize information in Table 10.  {#the-proposed-annual-savings-for-this-ecm-for-the-performance-period-and-cost-savings-for-year-1-are-summarize-information-in-table-10. .unnumbered}

## Operations and Maintenance and Other Cost Savings

### *[[O&M cost savings will result from the replacement of the chillers. The savings will be due to reduced replacement parts, specifically refrigerant R-11. The existing chillers all have small leaks in the evaporator bundles, which have made quarterly refrigerant recharges mandatory for the last 3 years. Refrigerant purchase data from the site from the last two years was reviewed to determine actual costs. The historical costs and analysis are presented in Table 3-15. The total baseline costs that will be offset by the installation of the new chillers averaged \$2,315 per year.]{.underline}]{.mark}* {#om-cost-savings-will-result-from-the-replacement-of-the-chillers.-the-savings-will-be-due-to-reduced-replacement-parts-specifically-refrigerant-r-11.-the-existing-chillers-all-have-small-leaks-in-the-evaporator-bundles-which-have-made-quarterly-refrigerant-recharges-mandatory-for-the-last-3-years.-refrigerant-purchase-data-from-the-site-from-the-last-two-years-was-reviewed-to-determine-actual-costs.-the-historical-costs-and-analysis-are-presented-in-table-3-15.-the-total-baseline-costs-that-will-be-offset-by-the-installation-of-the-new-chillers-averaged-2315-per-year. .unnumbered}

[Table 3‑15]{.mark}: Baseline Chiller Refrigerant Costs

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  *[[Date]{.underline}]{.mark}*       *[[Amount purchased                   *[[Cost]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                                      (lb)]{.underline}]{.mark}*            
  ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------- -------------------------------------
  *[[1/12/04]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[150]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$922.50]{.underline}*]{.mark}

  *[[6/6/05]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[150]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$934.75]{.underline}*]{.mark}

  *[[1/6/05]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[100]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$622.00]{.underline}*]{.mark}

  *[[3/31/05]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[100]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$622.00]{.underline}*]{.mark}

  *[[7/1/05]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[100]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$675.00]{.underline}*]{.mark}

  *[[12/15/05]{.underline}]{.mark}*   *[[100]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$675.00]{.underline}*]{.mark}

  *[[3/22/06]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[100]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$688.00]{.underline}*]{.mark}

  *[[6/6/06]{.underline}]{.mark}*     *[[100]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$688.00]{.underline}*]{.mark}

  *[[Total                            *[[900]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$5,827.25]{.underline}*]{.mark}
  Purchased:]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                          

  *[[Amount remaining                 *[[150]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$971.21]{.underline}*]{.mark}
  (7/30/06):]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                          

  *[[Total                            *[[750]{.underline}]{.mark}*          [*[\$4,856.04]{.underline}*]{.mark}
  Used:]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                               

  []{.mark}                                                                 

  *[[Average Cost /                   [*[\$6.47]{.underline}*]{.mark}       *[[ ]{.underline}]{.mark}*
  LB:]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                                 

  *[[Number of                        [*[28]{.underline}*]{.mark}           *[[ ]{.underline}]{.mark}*
  Months:]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                             

  *[[Ave. Cost per                    [*[\$173.43]{.underline}*]{.mark}     *[[ ]{.underline}]{.mark}*
  Month]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                               

  *[[Cost per                         [*[\$2,081.16]{.underline}*]{.mark}   *[[ ]{.underline}]{.mark}*
  year:]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                               
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Annual O&M savings adjustment factors will be calculated at a rate of
*[[2.0%]{.underline}]{.mark}* per year, as detailed in the Whole Project
Data / Global Assumptions section of this M&V plan.

No other O&M cost savings will be generated by this measure.

## Proposed Annual Savings For ECM

Table 3‑16: Proposed Annual Savings for ECM

<table style="width:100%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong> </strong></td>
<td><strong>Total energy use (MBtu/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Electric energy use (kWh/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Electric energy cost, Year 1 ($/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Electric demand* (kW/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Electric demand cost, Year 1 ($/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Natural gas use (MBtu/yr)*</strong></td>
<td><strong>Natural gas cost, Year 1 ($/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Water use (gallons/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Water cost, Year 1 ($/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Other energy use (MBtu/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Other energy cost, Year 1 ($/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Other energy-related O&amp;M costs, Year 1
($/yr)</strong></td>
<td><strong>Total costs, Year 1 ($/yr)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><em><mark>Baseline use</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>2,839</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>831,860</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$ 61,637</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>2,297</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$ 26,410</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>0</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$-</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>0</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$-</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>0</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$2,315</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>$-</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>$90,361</em></mark></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><em><mark>Post-installation use</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>1,812</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>530,769</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$ 39,327</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>1,377</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$ 15,832</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>0</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$-</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>0</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$-</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>0</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$-</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>$-</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>$55,159</em></mark></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><em><mark>Savings</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>1,028</em></mark></td>
<td><em><mark>301,091</mark></em></td>
<td><mark><em>$ 22,309</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>920</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>$ 10,578</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>-</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>$-</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>-</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>$-</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>-</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>$2,315</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>$-</em></mark></td>
<td><mark><em>$35,202</em></mark></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><mark></mark></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="13"><h4 id="notes"><u>Notes</u></h4>
<p>*Annual electric demand savings (kW/yr) is the sum of the monthly
demand savings.</p>
<h4 id="mbtu-106-btu.">MBtu = 10<sup>6</sup> Btu.</h4>
<p>If energy is reported in units other than MBtu, provide a conversion
factor to MBtu for link to delivery order schedules (e.g., 0.003413
MBtu/kWh).</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

## Post-Installation M&V Activities

The intent of the post-installation verification activities is to verify
that the ECM has been installed as intended and has the capacity to
generate the expected savings. This will be confirmed by developing
post-installation performance models of the chillers using measured
chiller performance, and then using those models to calculate expected
energy savings.

Included in the report will be a summary of the specifications for the
installed equipment as well as an inventory of installed control
sensors, including their measurement accuracy and confirmation of
calibration. The Post-Installation report will follow IDIQ requirements
and will include factory test results for the new chillers. A separate
commissioning report will also be submitted.

The key independent variables affecting post-installation chiller
efficiency and energy use are total building cooling load, chiller
sequencing, chilled water temperature leaving the chiller, and condenser
water temperature entering the chiller. Primary chilled water and
condenser water flow rates affect the performance of the chillers but
will be essentially constant for the new chiller plant.

### The key system performance factors that characterize the post-installation period conditions are chilled water supply temperature and maximum chiller capacity. {#the-key-system-performance-factors-that-characterize-the-post-installation-period-conditions-are-chilled-water-supply-temperature-and-maximum-chiller-capacity. .unnumbered}

Requirements for government witnessing of post-installation measurements
are the same as the whole project data requirements included in Whole
Project Data / Global Assumptions section of this M&V plan.

Post-installation data collection for M&V purposes will focus on
modeling the performance of the new chillers and confirming expected
energy and demand savings. Commissioning activities will be conducted
and are reported separately.

The EMCS system will be used to collect post-installation data, as all
necessary calibrated instrumentation will be installed with the new
chillers. Requirements for instrumentation are detailed in Table 3-17.

Table 3‑17: Summary of Post-Installation Instrumentation Requirements

  -------------------------- ------------------------- -------------------
  **Equipment Type**         **Purpose**               **Accuracy of
                                                       Instrumentation**

  Flow meter                 Chilled water flow (GPM)  ±2%

  Immersion temperature      Chilled water             ±0.3ºF
  sensors                    temperatures (ºF)         

  Immersion temperature      Condenser water           ±0.5ºF
  sensors                    temperatures (ºF)         

  Power meters               True RMS Power            ±2%

  Outdoor air relative       Outdoor air wet-bulb      ±3%
  humidity / wet-bulb        temperatures              
  temperature sensors                                  

  Outdoor air temperature    Outdoor air dry-bulb      ±1.0ºF
  sensors                    temperatures              
  -------------------------- ------------------------- -------------------

Coincident 15-minute performance data, similar to what was collected for
the baseline, will be collected for a period of at least two weeks after
commissioning is completed. The data collection format will be the same
as used in the baseline (Table 3-6).

### New chiller performance models will be developed for each chiller using the metered data using the same component-based model used in the baseline: {#new-chiller-performance-models-will-be-developed-for-each-chiller-using-the-metered-data-using-the-same-component-based-model-used-in-the-baseline .unnumbered}

**Equation 6:**

***[[Power = A~0~ + A~1~ × T~CHW~+ A~2~ × T~CHW~^2^+ A~3~ × T~CW~ + A~4~
× T~CW~^2^+ A~5~ × PLR+ A~6~ × PLR^2^ + A~7~ × T~CHW~ × T~CW~+ A~8~ ×
T~CHW~ × PLR + A~9~ × T~CW~ × PLR]{.underline}]{.mark}***

Metered data will be used to determine the coefficients A~0~ through
A~9~ for the new chillers, following the same procedures used in
developing the baseline.

The model validation procedures described for the baseline chiller model
will be use. Once validated, the models of the new chiller will be used
to calculate expected energy and demand use of the new system. The
updated models will be applied to the stipulated load profile that is
based on TMY data and compared hour-by-hour to the baseline model to
calculate expected savings for the first performance year.

If normal operating conditions for the chiller plant are not present at
the time of project completion, the post-installation performance
testing and model development may be deferred. In this case, the factory
test results of the chillers' performance should be used to calculate
expected savings for year 1.

## Performance Period Verification Activities

The key independent variables affecting performance period chiller
efficiency and energy use are total building cooling load, chiller
sequencing, chilled water temperature leaving the chiller, and condenser
water temperature entering the chiller. Primary chilled water and
condenser water flow rates affect the performance of the chillers but
are essentially constant for the existing chiller plant.

### The key system performance factors that characterize the performance period conditions are chilled water supply temperature and maximum chiller capacity. {#the-key-system-performance-factors-that-characterize-the-performance-period-conditions-are-chilled-water-supply-temperature-and-maximum-chiller-capacity. .unnumbered}

### The intent of performance period verification activities is to verify that the new chillers are performing properly by comparing the measured performance to the expected performance. Validated performance models based on actual measured chiller performance will be used to calculate energy savings. For informational purposes only, the total monthly ton-hours measured during the performance period will be reported and compared to the stipulated cooling loads. {#the-intent-of-performance-period-verification-activities-is-to-verify-that-the-new-chillers-are-performing-properly-by-comparing-the-measured-performance-to-the-expected-performance.-validated-performance-models-based-on-actual-measured-chiller-performance-will-be-used-to-calculate-energy-savings.-for-informational-purposes-only-the-total-monthly-ton-hours-measured-during-the-performance-period-will-be-reported-and-compared-to-the-stipulated-cooling-loads. .unnumbered}

### Field calibration and performance testing of the chillers will occur in the last weeks of August. The annual performance report will be submitted by *[[September 30]{.mark}]{.underline}* each year. {#field-calibration-and-performance-testing-of-the-chillers-will-occur-in-the-last-weeks-of-august.-the-annual-performance-report-will-be-submitted-by-september-30-each-year. .unnumbered}

### Requirements for government witnessing of performance period measurements are the same as specified in Whole Project Data / Global Assumptions section of this M&V plan. The annual report will include certification of the data by an appropriate Agency representative. {#requirements-for-government-witnessing-of-performance-period-measurements-are-the-same-as-specified-in-whole-project-data-global-assumptions-section-of-this-mv-plan.-the-annual-report-will-include-certification-of-the-data-by-an-appropriate-agency-representative. .unnumbered}

### The EMCS system will be used to collect performance period data, as all necessary instrumentation has been installed with the new chillers. Prior to collecting any data for the annual performance report, all related sensors will be verified to be of sufficient accuracy and will be field calibrated by the ESCO. Equipment to be calibrated each year is listed in Table 3-18. {#the-emcs-system-will-be-used-to-collect-performance-period-data-as-all-necessary-instrumentation-has-been-installed-with-the-new-chillers.-prior-to-collecting-any-data-for-the-annual-performance-report-all-related-sensors-will-be-verified-to-be-of-sufficient-accuracy-and-will-be-field-calibrated-by-the-esco.-equipment-to-be-calibrated-each-year-is-listed-in-table-3-18. .unnumbered}

Table 3‑18 : Summary of Annual Instrumentation Requirements

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  **Equipment Type**         **Purpose**               **Accuracy of
                                                       Instrumentation**
  -------------------------- ------------------------- -------------------
  Flow meter                 Chilled water flow (GPM)  ±2%

  Immersion temperature      Chilled water             ±0.3ºF
  sensors                    temperatures (ºF)         

  Immersion temperature      Condenser water           ±0.5ºF
  sensors                    temperatures (ºF)         

  Power meters               True RMS Power            ±2%

  Outdoor air relative       Outdoor air wet-bulb      ±3%
  humidity / wet-bulb        temperatures              
  temperature sensors                                  

  Outdoor air temperature    Outdoor air dry-bulb      ±1.0ºF
  sensors                    temperatures              
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Coincident 15-minute performance data, similar to what was collected in
developing the baseline, will be collected each year for a period
covering two to eight weeks immediately after sensor calibration has
been completed. The data collection format will be the same as used in
the baseline (Table 3-6).

Each year, new chiller models shall be developed and validated, per the
post-installation procedures. The accuracy of the new models will be
validated by comparing the kW predicted by the model to measured kW from
each chiller, per the post-installation procedures.

The updated model will be applied to the stipulated load profile that is
based on TMY data to calculate savings for that performance period.

### *[[The Agency or ESCO is responsible for preventive maintenance, repair, and replacement as agreed upon in the project's Risk & Responsibility matrix. A part of this responsibility requires the Agency/ESCO to track and report all related activities conducted each performance year. Since the ESCO is responsible for equipment performance, they must be sure that all operations and maintenance activities are suitable and sufficient.]{.underline}]{.mark}*  {#the-agency-or-esco-is-responsible-for-preventive-maintenance-repair-and-replacement-as-agreed-upon-in-the-projects-risk-responsibility-matrix.-a-part-of-this-responsibility-requires-the-agencyesco-to-track-and-report-all-related-activities-conducted-each-performance-year.-since-the-esco-is-responsible-for-equipment-performance-they-must-be-sure-that-all-operations-and-maintenance-activities-are-suitable-and-sufficient. .unnumbered}

-   *[[Detail verification activities and reporting responsibilities of
    government and ESCO on operations, preventive maintenance, repair,
    and replacement items.]{.underline}]{.mark}*

-   *[[Annual maintenance reports from the Agency/ESCO will be submitted
    to the ESCO/Agency by August 1 of each year. The maintenance reports
    shall document the completion of all required preventive maintenance
    as defined in the O&M manuals and summarized below. The ESCO will
    report in the annual report on the adequacy of the chiller
    maintenance performed.]{.underline}]{.mark}*

[]{.mark}

Table 3‑19: Summary of Required Chiller Maintenance Items and Frequency

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  ***[[Quarterly Operation &                                                 ***[[Organization responsible\     ***[[Frequency
  Maintenance Tasks for                                                      for the                            Required]{.underline}]{.mark}***
  Chillers]{.underline}]{.mark}***                                           activity]{.underline}]{.mark}***   
  ----------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ----------------------------------
  *[[Check vane control               *[[Check settings per manufacturer's   *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 3
  settings]{.underline}]{.mark}*      specifications]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                      months]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[Verify motor load limit          *[[Check settings per manufacturer's   *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 3
  control]{.underline}]{.mark}*       specifications]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                      months]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[Verify load balance              *[[Check settings per manufacturer's   *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 3
  operation]{.underline}]{.mark}*     specifications]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                      months]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[Check chilled water reset        *[[Check settings per sequence of      *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 3
  settings and                        operation]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                           months]{.underline}]{.mark}*
  function]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                                                                

  ***[[Annual Operation & Maintenance                                        []{.mark}                          []{.mark}
  Tasks for                                                                                                     
  Chillers]{.underline}]{.mark}***                                                                              

  *[[Check chiller lockout            *[[Check settings per manufacturer's   *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 12
  setpoint]{.underline}]{.mark}*      specifications]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                      months]{.underline}]{.mark}*

  *[[Clean condenser                  *[[Clean tubes at least annually as    *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 12
  tubes]{.underline}]{.mark}*         part of shutdown                                                          months]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                                      procedure]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                           

  *[[Eddy current test condenser      *[[As required, conduct eddy current   *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 12
  tubes]{.underline}]{.mark}*         test to assess tube wall                                                  months]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                                      thickness]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                           

  *[[Clean evaporator                 *[[Clean tubes at least annually as    *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 12
  tubes]{.underline}]{.mark}*         part of shutdown                                                          months]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                                      procedure]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                           

  *[[Eddy current test evaporator     *[[As required, conduct eddy current   *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 12
  tubes]{.underline}]{.mark}*         test to assess tube wall                                                  months]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                                      thickness]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                           

  *[[Compressor motor and             *[[• Check all alignments to           *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 12
  assembly]{.underline}]{.mark}*      specification\                                                            months]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                                      • Check all seals, provide lubrication                                    
                                      where necessary]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                     

  *[[Compressor oil                   *[[• Conduct analysis on oil and       *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 12
  system]{.underline}]{.mark}*        filter\                                                                   months]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                                      • Change as required\                                                     
                                      • Check oil pump and seals\                                               
                                      • Check oil heater and thermostat\                                        
                                      • Check all strainers, valves,                                            
                                      etc.]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                                

  *[[Electrical                       *[[Check all electrical                *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 12
  connections]{.underline}]{.mark}*   connections/terminals for contact and                                     months]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                                      tightness]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                           

  *[[Water                            *[[Assess proper water flow in         *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 12
  flows]{.underline}]{.mark}*         evaporator and                                                            months]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                                      condenser]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                           

  *[[Check refrigerant level and      *[[Add refrigerant as required. Record *[[Agency]{.underline}]{.mark}*    *[[Every 12
  condition]{.underline}]{.mark}*     amounts and address leakage                                               months]{.underline}]{.mark}*
                                      issues.]{.underline}]{.mark}*                                             
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Appendix Materials

*[[Instructions: The following are called for within the M&V Plan and
should be included in the appendix:]{.underline}]{.mark}*

-   Baseline sensor calibration forms

-   Statistical results for baseline chiller models

-   Measured baseline chiller data

-   Manufacturer's performance data for new chillers

-   Documentation of Government Witnessing of Baseline Measurements

## Engineering Supplement to FEMP's Standard M&V Plan for Chiller Replacement Projects {#engineering-supplement-to-femps-standard-mv-plan-for-chiller-replacement-projects .unnumbered}

This is a step-by-step overview of the data collection and analysis that
is required to implement FEMP's Standard Chiller M&V Plan. Instructions
are included for executing the M&V activities during the Baseline Phase,
Post-Installation Phase, and Annual M&V Phase. This overview is
supplemental information to help facilitate the proper use of the
Standard Chiller M&V Plan.

#### 1. Baseline Phase {#baseline-phase .Style-Heading-4-+-14-pt}

##### Data Collection {#data-collection .Style-Heading-5Title1-+-14-pt}

**[Baseline Step 1]{.underline}**

Document the make, model, and locations of existing sensors. Ensure that
sensors are properly located and that manufacturer's rated accuracies of
sensors are sufficient, per requirements below. If not, replace sensors.

**[Baseline Step 2]{.underline}**

Verify and document the accuracy and calibration of all instrumentation.

Table 4‑20: Instrumentation Accuracy Requirements

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  **Equipment Type**         **Purpose**               **Accuracy of
                                                       Instrumentation**
  -------------------------- ------------------------- -------------------
  Flow meter                 Chilled water flow (GPM)  ±2%

  Immersion temperature      Chilled water             ±0.3ºF
  sensors                    temperatures (ºF)         

  Immersion temperature      Condenser water           ±0.5ºF
  sensors                    temperatures (ºF)         

  Power meters               True RMS Power            ±2%

  Outdoor air relative       Outdoor air wet-bulb      ±3%
  humidity / wet-bulb        temperatures              
  temperature sensors                                  

  Outdoor air temperature    Outdoor air dry-bulb      ±1.0ºF
  sensors                    temperatures              
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------

**[Baseline Step 3]{.underline}**

Ensure that all required data points are collected. Install submeters or
permanent metering, as appropriate, that adheres to accuracy
requirements. Metered data should include RMS power (kW) for each
chiller, cooling tons for each chiller (chilled water flow, chilled
water supply and return temperatures), condenser water supply and return
temperatures, and outdoor air dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures.

Flow and temperature measurements should be from each chiller to
determine actual loads.

**[Baseline Step 4]{.underline}**

Perform baseline data collection during shoulder and peak months (either
April -- July or August -- October). Fifteen-minute trends should be
used, with synchronized readings from data loggers and EMCS. (More
frequent data logger readings, i.e. 5 minutes, can help.) Data
collection should be continuous, and periodic verification of the data
is strongly recommended.

**[Baseline Step 5]{.underline}**

Document additional plant information: nameplate data, operating
schedules, chiller age and condition, loads served, locations, and
peripheral equipment details.

##### **Data Analysis**

**[Baseline Step 6]{.underline}**

Determine building cooling load profile. Correlate outdoor air
temperatures with measured cooling loads using regression analysis. If
possible, use outdoor air conditions measured at a nearby government
weather station for the same period, as site-measured outdoor air
temperatures can be unreliable. Off-site weather data, however, should
be verified as applicable to actual site conditions. A good source of
weather data is NOAA through
<http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/stationlocator.html>.

It is typical for cooling load models to have rather poor statistical
results ( R^2^ \< 0.75).[^13] A non-linear relationship and/or
additional variables may be included to define the load profile as
needed, such as day of week or occupied status.

Other sources of data (plant shut-down schedules, air-side/water-side
economizer use, etc.) should be considered to ensure that chiller plant
load profile is accurate.

**[Baseline Step 7]{.underline}**

Determine and document current chiller plant operating parameters and
control sequences, including chilled water setpoints, chiller
sequencing, condenser water setpoints, and actual temperatures. Actual
operations should be verified from trend data, as they can vary from
written sequences.

If condenser water setpoints are not maintained, determine cooling tower
approach (outdoor air wet-bulb temperature - condenser water return
temperature) in order to predict condenser water temperatures from
outdoor air wet-bulb temperatures. Confirm operations using trend graph
or scatter plot.

**[Baseline Step 8]{.underline}**

Determine which calculation method (Option 1 or Option 2 below) will be
used. Initial selection of the appropriate option should be based on the
level of variation expected in the operating parameters of the chiller.
There are several component-based models that work well with metered
chiller data, and two options are presented herein. For systems
utilizing fairly constant chilled and condenser water temperatures, a
simplified linear model (Option 1) may be appropriate. For systems using
more dynamic operating conditions, a temperature-dependent model (Option
2) should be used.

If the results of the selected analysis option do not meet the
statistical criteria presented in Table 4-23, Statistical Validations
Guidelines and Results, then the other analysis option should be
evaluated for viability. The option providing the best statistical
results should be used.

***[Analysis Option 1]{.underline}***

For systems using fairly constant chilled and condenser water
temperatures, a simplified linear model is appropriate. Measured data
should be used to determine the coefficients C~1~ to C~0~. The resulting
equation can then be applied to the load profile and baseline operating
conditions (COP, Load).

1/COP = C~1~ **×** (1/Load) + C~0~

> Where:
>
> COP =Coefficient of performance (COP = 3.516 / kW/Ton)
>
> Load = Cooling load in tons (12,000 Btu)
>
> C~1~, C~0~ = Coefficients determined from measured data

This approach offers a simplified regression technique by using the
reciprocal values of COP and Load. The coefficients C~1~ and C~0~ can be
determined from measured data. The final equation can be manipulated and
used to predict actual COP, and then kW/ton.

***[Analysis Option 2]{.underline}***

For systems using more dynamic operating conditions, a
temperature-dependent model should be used. Measured data should be used
to determine the coefficients A~0~ to A~9~. The resulting equation can
then be applied to the load profile and baseline operating conditions
(T~CHW~, T~CW~, PLR).

> **Power = A~0~ + A~1~ × T~CHW~+ A~2~ × T~CHW~^2^+ A~3~ × T~CW~ + A~4~
> × T~CW~^2^+ A~5~ × PLR+ A~6~ × PLR^2^ + A~7~ × T~CHW~ × T~CW~+ A~8~ ×
> T~CHW~ × PLR + A~9~ × T~CW~ × PLR**
>
> Where:
>
> T~CHW~ = Chilled Water Supply Temperature
>
> T~CW~ = Condenser Water Supply Temperature
>
> PLR = Part-load ratio (rated tons/actual tons)
>
> A~0~ - A~9~ = Coefficients determined from measured data

**[Baseline Step 9]{.underline}**

Apply cooling load model to TMY weather data set to create hourly model
of baseline chiller energy use, considering all of the chiller plant
operating parameters documented in Baseline Step 7. If using Option 2,
the model will include additional parameters.

**[Baseline Step 10]{.underline}**

Quantify any reductions in cooling loads from other ECMs planned to
ensure that post-installation loads are not overestimated. Adjust hourly
TMY cooling loads used to predicted chiller energy use accordingly.

**[Baseline Step 11]{.underline}**

Build performance model(s) of the existing chiller(s). An independent
model of each chiller is required. The first step is to clean up the
data set to remove transient values. Data points that are within 30
minutes of a chiller's startup should be discarded. Similarly, all data
points after a chiller's stop should be eliminated prior to performing
the analysis for either option below.

1.  **[Option 1]{.underline}**

> **1/COP = C~1~** × **(1/Load) + C~0\ ~**
>
> Where:
>
> COP =Coefficient of performance (COP=3.516 / kW/Ton)
>
> Load = Cooling load in tons (12,000 Btu)
>
> C~1~, C~0~ = Coefficients determined from measured data

-   Set up a spreadsheet of the metered data for the chiller in
    question. Depending on instrumentation, individual chiller loads may
    be calculated from total plant load and chiller sequencing.

-   Calculate COP (COP = 3.516 / kW/Ton) and load on chiller (tons = 500
    × GPM × (T~CHWreturn~ - T~CHWsupply~)) for each metered interval

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   Correlate (1/COP) to (1/Load). Use regression analysis to determine
    C~1~ and C~0~.

2.  **[Option 2]{.underline}**

> **Power = A~0~ + A~1~** × **T~CHW~+ A~2~** × **T~CHW~^2^+ A~3~** ×
> **T~CW~ + A~4~** × **T~CW~^2^+ A~5~** × **PLR+ A~6~** × **PLR^2^ +
> A~7~** × **T~CHW~** × **T~CW~+ A~8~** × **T~CHW~** × **PLR + A~9~** ×
> **T~CW~** × **PLR**
>
> Where:
>
> T~CHW~ = Chilled water supply temperature
>
> T~CW~ = Condenser water supply temperature
>
> PLR = Part-load ratio (rated tons/actual tons)
>
> A~0~ - A~9~= Coefficients determined from measured data

-   Set up a spreadsheet of the metered data for the chiller in
    question.

Table 4‑21: Example Spreadsheet Layout for Raw Data

![](media/image2.wmf){width="6.686805555555556in"
height="0.8590277777777777in"}

-   Paste values from all rows with non-zero energy usage into a new
    spreadsheet page. Arrange and manipulate data as shown in Table
    4-22. Use regression analysis, such as Microsoft Excel's Regression
    Function, to determine coefficients A~0~ to A~9~ as well as some
    statistical results. Example results from Excel's Regression
    Function are shown in Table 4-24.

Table 4‑22: Example Spreadsheet Layout for Data Analysis of One Chiller

  ---------- ---------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------- ------------ --------------- --------------- --------------
  **Tons     **TCHW**   **TCHW\^2**   **TCW**   **TCW\^2**   **PLR      **PLR\^2**   **TCHW\*TCW**   **TCHW\*PLR**   **TCW\*PLR**
  (CH-1)**                                                   (CH-1)**                                                

  180.0      52         2704          80        6400         0.8        0.64         4160            41.6            64

  180.0      52         2704          80        6400         0.8        0.64         4160            41.6            64

  180.0      52         2704          75        5625         0.8        0.64         3900            41.6            60

  180.0      52         2704          75        5625         0.8        0.64         3900            41.6            60
  ---------- ---------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------- ------------ --------------- --------------- --------------

**[Baseline Step 12]{.underline}**

Verify that the performance models of the chillers are valid by
evaluating the statistical results for each model.[^14] Compare the
metered kWs to those predicted by the model(s) created above and perform
statistical analysis on the results.

Table 4‑23: Statistical Validations Guidelines and Results

  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------
  **Parameter evaluated**            **Suggested acceptable values**

                                     

  Coefficient of variation (R^2^)    \> 0.75

  C~V~(RSME)                         \< 15%

  t-statistic                        \> 2

  Mean bias error                    \< [+]{.underline} 7%
  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------

The four statistical parameters that need to be evaluated for each model
are:

-   Coefficient of variation (R^2^) --- see results from regression
    analysis. Lower R^2^ values may indicates independent variables may
    be missing.

-   t-statistic --- See results from regression analysis. The absolute
    value of the t-stat for each coefficient included should be greater
    than 2 for the independent variable to be considered significant.

-   C~V~(RSME) --- coefficient of variation of the root-mean-squared
    error. This value is always positive.

-   Mean bias error --- Overall indicator of bias in regression
    estimate. Positive values indicate higher than actual values, while
    negative value indicates that regression under-predicts values.

    Most regression analysis tools will include some of the statistical
    parameters that need to be evaluated, typically R^2^ and
    t-statistic. Instructions for calculating C~v~(RMSE) and mean bias
    error are detailed below.

Table 4‑24: Example Results from Excel's Regression Function

![](media/image6.wmf){width="6.498611111111111in"
height="3.8229166666666665in"}

Note: The absolute value all of the t-stats are above 2 except for TCHW
× PLR. This is acceptable for this example. Any coefficient that has a
t-stat out of acceptable range can be dropped from the model, which may
improve the statistical results.

-   [Calculate C~v~(RMSE):]{.underline}

    ![](media/image7.wmf)

    Where:

    ![](media/image8.wmf)= Measured energy value at time *i*

    ![](media/image9.wmf) = Predicted energy value at time *i*

    ![](media/image10.wmf) = Mean measured energy value

    n = number of data points

    p = number of independent variables used

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   [Calculate Mean Bias Error:]{.underline}

    ![](media/image11.wmf)

    **[Baseline Step 13]{.underline}**

    Determine energy use of the baseline and post-installation chillers:

    Calculate hourly baseline energy use of the chiller plant: apply the
    validated chiller performance model(s) to the hourly cooling load
    model (TMY 8760 data, adjusted in Baseline Step 10 for reductions in
    cooling loads) considering key operating parameters determined in
    Baseline Step 7 to predict energy use of each chiller, and the total
    for all chillers, for each hour of the year.

    Using the same 8760 hour model, calculate the post-installation
    demand for the new chiller(s) from manufacturer's data, considering
    the key operating parameters of the new chiller plant.

    **[Baseline Step 14]{.underline}**

    Calculate proposed energy and demand savings for year 1:

    Determine kW savings (predicted baseline kW -- predicted
    post-install chiller energy use) for each hour of the year.

    Identify all data that falls within the utility / building's peak
    period (defined in the M&V plan) and further delineate data by
    monthly utility billing periods. For each utility billing period,
    the "peak" period, typically the highest one hour demand for
    predicted for the baseline chiller plant that occurs during the
    utility's peak period. This assumes the building peak demand is
    coincident with the chiller plant's peak demand use.

    Apply savings equations:

> **Monthly Demand Savings (kW) = {(kW ~baseline~) -- (kW
> ~post~)}~t-peak~**
>
> Where:
>
> Time period (t-peak) is defined as the one-hour interval during the
> building's peak period (between *[[1 and 4 PM on
> weekdays]{.underline}]{.mark}*[^15]) for that billing month during
> which the highest baseline demand is set by the chillers. Billing
> months are defined by the serving electric unity.
>
> (kW ~baseline~) is the demand for the baseline chillers predicted
> during time t
>
> (kW ~post~) is the demand of the new chillers predicted during the
> same interval t

**[Baseline Step 15]{.underline}**

Calculate proposed cost savings for year 1:

> **Annual Cost Savings = Energy Savings (kWh) × Rate~kWh~ +\
> Σmonth(Monthly Demand Savings × Rate~kW~)**

#### 2. Post-Installation M&V Activities {#post-installation-mv-activities-1 .Style-Heading-4-+-14-pt}

##### Data Collection

**[Post-Install Step 1]{.underline}**

Data collection should follow Baseline Step 1 through Step 3 including
sensor verification and calibration. Install submeters or permanent
metering, as appropriate, that adhere to accuracy requirements.
Typically permanent metering equipment will be installed with the new
chillers.

Conduct metering immediately following installation and commissioning.
Collect data for a minimum of two weeks, longer if possible. If chiller
plant is off line or typical operating conditions are not present at
time of project completion, post-installation metering may be deferred.
In this case, the expected year 1 savings estimates included in the
Post-installation Report will be based on the Factory Performance test
results reported by the manufacturer.

Ensure that all required data points are collected. If peripheral
equipment in the plant has been affected, additional points will be
required.

Table 4‑25: Post-Installation Data Required for Analysis

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  **Points Needed for Analysis**

  Chilled water flow (GPM) per chiller

  Condenser water supply temperatures (ºF)

  Chilled water supply temperatures (ºF)

  Chilled water return temperatures (ºF)

  True RMS Power (kW) per chiller

  Chiller on/off Status
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

Synchronize readings from data loggers and EMCS to collect trends in
15-minute intervals. (More frequent data, i.e. 5 minute, logger readings
can help.) Data collection should be continuous, and periodic
verification of the data is strongly recommended.

**[Post-Install Step 2]{.underline}**

Document additional information on post-installation conditions:
nameplate data, operating schedules, chiller age and condition, loads
served, locations, and peripheral equipment details.

##### Data Analysis {#data-analysis-1 .Style-Heading-5Title1-+-14-pt}

**[Post-Install Step 3]{.underline}**

Follow Baseline Step 7 to determine post-installation chiller plant
operating parameters and controls sequences. Document results including:
chilled water setpoints, chiller sequencing, condenser water setpoints
and actual temperatures. All operational parameters should be verified
with trended field data.

**[Post-Install Step 4]{.underline}**

Follow Baseline Step 11 to build a performance model of each of the new
chillers. Typically, the performance calculation option selected in
Baseline Step 8 should be used.

**[Post-Install Step 5]{.underline}**

Follow Baseline Step 12 to verify that performance models of the new
chillers are statistically valid.

**[Post-Install Step 6]{.underline}**

Apply new chiller performance models developed in Post-Install Step 4 to
the hourly TMY cooling loads developed and adjusted during Baseline Step
10. Use the new chiller operating parameters determined in Post-Install
Step 3 to predict the hourly post-installation chiller energy use.

**[Post-Install Step 7]{.underline}**

Calculate the expected demand and energy savings for year 1 by following
Baseline Step 14.

**[Post-Install Step 8]{.underline}**

Calculate expected cost savings for year 1 by following Baseline Step
15.

**[Post-Install Step 9]{.underline}**

Draft Post-Installation Report in accordance with IDIQ requirements.
Include all analysis, metered data, and Factory performance test results
on the chiller(s) per the M&V plan.

#### 3. Annual M&V Activities {#annual-mv-activities .Style-Heading-4-+-14-pt}

##### Data Collection {#data-collection-2 .Style-Heading-5Title1-+-14-pt}

**[Annual Step 1]{.underline}**

Collect metered data to develop performance models of each chiller for
this performance period. Data collection should follow Baseline Step 1
through Baseline Step 3 including sensor verification and calibration.

Collect data for a minimum of two weeks and up to eight weeks if
possible while cooling loads and typical operating conditions are
present. Any variations in operating conditions expected over the year
should be used during the test period to ensure the models developed
will adequately cover those conditions. This may require adjusting
normal operating set point to achieve seasonal any variations, such as
cooling tower temperatures.

##### Data Analysis {#data-analysis-2 .Style-Heading-5Title1-+-14-pt}

**[Annual Step 2]{.underline}**

Using the data collected, create a chiller performance model for each
chiller by following Baseline Step 11. Typically, the performance
calculation option selected in Post-Installation Step 4 should be used.

Verify the validity of the models by following Baseline Step 12. If
results from the statistical analyses are acceptable, then the
post-installation performance model(s) are still valid. If results are
not acceptable, then new models shall be developed using Baseline Step
11 and validated and Baseline Step 12.

**[Annual Step 3]{.underline}**

Using the data collected, verify that key operating parameters
documented during the post-installation phase are still valid by
following Baseline Step 7. Current operating conditions may be different
than in the post-installation case.

**[Annual Step 4]{.underline}**

Using the validated chiller performance models and key operating
conditions in the current performance period, develop an hourly energy
use model of the chillers

Apply new chiller performance models developed in Annual Step 3 to the
hourly TMY cooling loads developed and adjusted during the baseline. Use
the new chiller operating parameters determined in Annual Step 3 to
predict the hourly post-installation chiller energy use.

**[Annual Step 5]{.underline}**

Calculate the verified demand and energy savings for year 1 by following
Baseline Step 14.

**[Annual Step 6]{.underline}**

Calculate verified cost savings for year 1 by following Baseline Step
15.

**[Annual Step 7]{.underline}**

Verify that O&M activities have been properly executed. Gather
documentation from the party responsible, and compare to O&M
requirements specified in the contract.

**[Annual Step 8]{.underline}**

Develop Annual Report in accordance with IDIQ Requirements and M&V plan
details. provide all analysis and metered data in electronic format.
Data on O&M activities should be included in Annual Report.

[^1]: Based on v1.0 M&V Plan Outline for FEMP Super ESPC projects,
    available at
    <http://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/financing/superespcs_mvresources.html>

[^2]: The Super ESPC Energy Savings Contract Risk, Responsibility and
    Performance Matrix, available at
    <http://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/financing/superespcs_espcbasicsp2.html>

[^3]: See ASHRAE Guideline 14-2002 for additional information on
    instrumentation selection.

[^4]: *[INSTRUCTIONS: If peripheral equipment will be modified, include
    description here and expand all other sections to discuss related
    impacts.]{.mark}*

[^5]: *[INSTRUCTIONS: If sequences of operation will be modified,
    discuss specific changes.]{.mark}*

[^6]: INSTRUCTIONS: If possible, use outdoor air conditions (dry-bulb
    and wet-bulb temperatures) measured at a nearby government weather
    station for the same period. A good source of weather data includes
    NOAA through
    http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/stationlocator.html. Weather
    station data should be validated with site data to ensure it is
    applicable.

[^7]: *[[Site - New York Central Park;
    http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/old_data/nsrdb/tmy2/State.html]{.underline}]{.mark}*

[^8]: Rundquist, et al. *Calculating Lighting and HVAC Interactions*,
    ASHRAE Journal 1993.

[^9]: INSTRUCTIONS: See Engineering Supplement for details on the two
    chiller performance models recommended.

[^10]: See ASHRAE Guideline 14-2002 and IPMVP Volume 1 (EVO
    10000-1.2007) for additional information on statistical validation
    techniques.

[^11]: As the T-statistic for this parameter is low, it could be
    eliminated to help reduce uncertainty. Since it is only low for one
    of the chillers, and the validation criteria are met, it has been
    kept in all of the chiller models.

[^12]: [Energy rates are typically included in the Whole Project
    Data/Global Assumptions section of the M&V plan. It is included here
    for clarity.]{.mark}

[^13]: See ASHRAE Guideline 14-2002 and IPMVP Volume 1 (EVO
    10000-1.2007) for additional information on statistical validation
    techniques and regression analysis.

[^14]: See ASHRAE Guideline 14-2002 and IPMVP Volume 1 (EVO
    10000-1.2007) for additional information on statistical analysis and
    validation techniques.

[^15]: This is defined in the project specific M&V Plan.