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**NATIONAL PARK SERVICE**

**APPALACHIAN NATIONAL SCENIC TRAIL**

**APPALACHIAN TRAIL PARK OFFICE**

##### **STRATEGIC PLAN**

*(Revised January 2005)*

*Long-term Goals for*

*Fiscal Years 2005-2008*

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**APPALACHIAN NATIONAL SCENIC TRAIL**

**APPALACHIAN TRAIL PARK OFFICE**

#### FISCAL YEAR 2005 -- 2008

#### (October 1, 2004 -- September 30, 2008)

###### Strategic Plan

for

**APPALACHIAN NATIONAL SCENIC TRAIL**

Approved: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

> Park Manager Date

I. INTRODUCTION

## 

## The Appalachian National Scenic Trail

Established as the first National Scenic Trail by Congress with passage
of the National Trails System Act in 1968, the Appalachian National
Scenic Trail (A.T.) is a continuous marked footpath extending
approximately 2,170 miles across the Appalachian Mountains from the
summit of Springer Mountain in Georgia to the summit of Katahdin in
Maine, forming a greenway that connects more than 75 public land areas
in 14 states. Preserved within this greenway is the remarkable story of
citizen action in the public interest, along with a premier outdoor
recreation opportunity and a wide variety of natural and cultural
resources making the A.T. a valuable part of America's heritage.

The initial route of the A.T. was constructed almost entirely by
volunteers between 1923 and 1937, building upon the concepts of Benton
MacKaye, a forward thinking landscape architect and conservationist.
Since that time, volunteers affiliated with the Appalachian Trail
Conference (ATC) and its 30 member trail clubs have planned,
constructed, reconstructed, and maintained the footpath, as well as a
system of more than 250 shelters and associated facilities.

In 1968 Congress recognized that, "Although member clubs of the
conference have shouldered responsibility for many miles of the trail,
and at times have been forced to relocate segments away from the path of
developments, the demands of an expanding population have multiplied in
number and complexity in recent years and long stretches of the trail
are seriously threatened with incompatible encroachments. These are the
problems which the conference has insufficient means to combat. If the
trail is to survive, it is apparent that public agencies must assume a
larger share of the burden of protection (1968, Senate Report)". Today,
with over 165,000 acres acquired by the NPS and the USFS as part of a
permanent right-of-way and protected corridor, the Appalachian National
Scenic Trail ranks both as a component of the national trails system and
a unit of the national park system. Its remarkable decentralized,
volunteer-based cooperative management system further sets it apart as a
premier example of a partnership program involving all levels of
government and private citizenry engaged in the cooperative management
of a nationally significant public resource.

As directed by the National Trails System Act, the Appalachian National
Scenic Trail Advisory Council (ANSTAC) was established in 1978 for a
period of ten years and included representatives from the NPS, USFS,
Tennessee Valley Authority, Smithsonian Institution, ATC and each of the
14 Trail States. One of the primary purposes of the Council was to
advise the NPS in regard to the administration of this newly designated
national scenic trail. The Council, like Congress recognized the role of
ATC and multiple other partners within a unique and complex cooperative
management system. In 1984 an unprecedented NPS delegation agreement was
signed with ATC, which delegated management authority to the Conference
and in turn to the 30 trail maintaining clubs. Prior to the termination
of the Council in 1988 a memorandum of understanding was signed between
all of the council members committing their agencies and organizations
to the protection and management of the Trail and identifying the
Cooperative Management System as the management prescription to be
followed by all participants.

Based upon the recognition of Congress and the commitment of ANSTAC, the
NPS continues to recognize that direct land management responsibility
for the Trail lies with ATC and the citizen volunteers of its member
trail clubs. Today the Appalachian Trail Park Office (ATPO) has
agreements with the USFS, 6 other units of the NPS and each of the 14
states through which the Trail passes recognizing the role of ATC and
its member clubs and identifying the roles of individual agencies in the
Cooperative Management System of the A.T.

A cooperative agreement between NPS and the ATC provides the cornerstone
of the innovative A.T. Cooperative Management System. In FY 2005, the
NPS ATPO provided \$1,695,000 from various funding sources to ATC
through the cooperative agreement for A.T. management activities, which
was matched by substantial financial contributions and more than 181,000
hours of volunteer labor dedicated to planning, management and
maintenance of the trail.

It should be noted that the Appalachian Trail Conference formally
changed its name to the Appalachian Trail Conservancy in 2005. For the
purposes of this plan, historical references utilize the term
"conference." The majority of references utilize the acronym "ATC,"
which remains the same.

#  II. MISSION

The mission statement of the Appalachian Trail Park Office grows from
the Appalachian National Scenic Trail's legislated mandate found in the
National Trails System Act. Our mission statement is a synthesis of our
mandated purpose and the trail's primary significance.

**Mission:** *It is the Mission of the Appalachian Trail Park Office to
foster the Cooperative Management System of the Appalachian National
Scenic Trail in order to preserve and provide for the enjoyment of the
varied scenic, historic, natural and cultural qualities of the areas
between the states of Maine and Georgia through which the Trail passes.*

**Purpose:** *The Appalachian National Scenic Trail will be administered
primarily as a footpath in cooperation with the United States Forest
Service, the Appalachian Trail Conservancy and the 14 States
encompassing the Trail, providing for maximum outdoor recreation
potential as an extended trail and for the conservation and enjoyment of
the nationally significant scenic, historic, natural, and cultural
resources of the areas through which the Trail passes.*

**Significance:** *The Appalachian Trail is a way, continuous from Maine
to Georgia, for travel on foot through the wild, scenic, wooded,
pastoral, and culturally significant lands of the Appalachian Mountains.
It is a means of sojourning among these lands, such that visitors may
experience them by their own unaided efforts. The body of the Trail is
provided by the lands it traverses, and its soul is in the living
stewardship of the volunteers and partners of the Appalachian Trail
Cooperative Management System.*

**Legislative Intent:** The House and Senate reports along with the
Congressional Record as part of the legislative history of the National
Trails System Act, clarify Congress's intent for the following elements
of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail's mission, purpose and
significance statements:

1\. "Primarily as a footpath" -- The only recognized divergence from use
solely as a footpath is horseback riding, where it is an accepted and
customary or traditional use.

2\. "Maximum Outdoor Recreation Potential" -- This phrase is used only
in the context of the Trail's length and location as an extended trail,
rather than types of use. All references to this phrase throughout the
legislative history are in the context of the Trail's location to urban
areas or in reference to the length of use as, "...a few hours at a
time, or on one day jaunts, overnight treks, or expeditions lasting a
week or more." There is even reference to volunteer work as a
recreational activity, "Their work on the trail has been as important an
outdoor recreation activity to them as the enjoyment of hiking and
camping along the trail."

3\. "Volunteers and private nonprofit trail groups" as referenced in the
National Trails System Act is recognized for purposes of the Appalachian
National Scenic Trail as the Appalachian Trail Conference and its member
trail maintaining clubs - "The committee recognizes that the Appalachian
Trail Conference has pioneered the way for this legislation by its
long-time personal stewardship of the trail, and believes that its
stewardship -- in partnership with the Secretary of the Interior --
should be continued and expanded."

# III. STRATEGIES: Accomplishing Goals

We plan to accomplish our goals using the organization, facilities, and
financial resources summarized below. These paragraphs should give our
partners, stakeholders, and the public a better understanding of what we
are trying to accomplish, and how we plan to do it.

## Organization

Park Manager, Pamela Underhill leads the Appalachian Trail Park Office
(ATPO). With a staff of only 9 NPS employees and 1 United States Forest
Service (USFS) employee, the ATPO is not organized into the typical
operating divisions of other national park units of comparable size.
ATPO staff expertise and specialties include 1 Environmental Compliance
Specialist, 1 Outdoor Recreation Specialist, 2 Law Enforcement Rangers,
1 Natural Resource Specialist, 1 GIS Specialist, 1 Recreations Project
Coordinator, and 1 Administrative Technician, all of whom report to the
Park Manager. In addition we support 1 USFS employee to serve as a
liaison between the two agencies and partners.

The NPS does not, nor does it expect to, have the ability to
independently carry out its management responsibilities for the A.T.
Although the National Trails System Act gives administrative authority
for the entire trail to the National Park Service, it also recognizes
other land management jurisdictions, as well as the volunteer-based
Cooperative Management System already in place prior to the designation
of the trail as a national scenic trail, as described above. While
typical national park units receive limited support from partners and
friends groups, the role of the ATPO is to support the Appalachian Trail
Conference and other partners of the Cooperative Management System of
the A.T. - a management framework consisting of more than 120 federal,
state, and non-governmental organization partners. It is this management
system, which has managed and continues to successfully manage a
resource that spans 14 states, with less than 40% of the land directly
administered by ATPO. (Please refer to page 11 for a list of the
partners comprising the A.T. Cooperative Management System.)

In 1983 the NPS formally delegated management responsibilities to the
Appalachian Trail Conference for lands directly administered by the ATPO
with the EXCEPTION of the following responsibilities:

-   Law Enforcement

-   Special Park Uses

-   Land Acquisition on behalf of the United States

-   Boundary Survey

-   Structure Removal

-   Removal of Hazardous Materials

-   Fulfilling Agency Compliance Requirements per Federal Laws and
    Executive Orders

However, the ATC assists the NPS with these responsibilities as
appropriate and mutually agreed upon.

Because the A.T. spans 3 NPS regions, ATPO staff obtains assistance or
expertise from various other NPS parks and central offices, in addition
to other partners of the Cooperative Management System. Staff from the
National Park Service's Boston, Philadelphia, National Capital, and
Southern NPS Support Office's, as well as Region 8 and Region 9 of the
United States Forest Service work with ATPO on various projects as
appropriate.

## 

## Facilities

Most other units of the NPS list hiking trails as part of their park's
facilities. In the case of the A.T. the "facility" is our park. The
Trail is approximately 2,173 miles long, with a protective corridor of
approximately 270,000 acres, including approximately 80,000 acres that
are administered directly by the ATPO. Included in this corridor are 266
traditional 3-sided overnight shelters spaced a day's hike apart and
hundreds of other designated camping sites. Other facilities include
trailhead parking lots, bridges, dams, and more than 1,240 miles of NPS
maintained corridor boundary.

As the NPS acquired lands to protect the Trail, various structures were
acquired as well. The majority of the structures have been or will be
removed and the lands restored. However, a few structures have been
retained for Trail purposes: One structure in Massachusetts, one in New
York and 2 in Pennsylvania have been retained as volunteer caretaker
facilities for on-site protection and management of trail resources due
to the amount of use, for overnight facilities and because of potential
problems in those areas. One structure in Pennsylvania has been retained
as a volunteer trail crew base of operations and another is used as a
regional headquarters office for the Appalachian Trail Conference.

## Financial Resources

Financial resources available to achieve the Appalachian Trail Park
Office's goals include an annual base-operating budget (\$1,137,000 in
fiscal year 2005) which funds a work force of 9 permanent positions, and
1 position shared with the USFS. This work force supports the efforts of
approximately 4,500 volunteers who contribute more than 180,000 hours
annually towards maintenance and management of the Trail and other
agency partners.

ATPO also receives special project and program funds distributed by the
National Park Service regional and Washington offices. Achieving our
performance targets is critically dependent on our base funding and on
these additional project funds, volunteer assistance, partnerships, and
donations. Therefore, in order to plan and organize our goals and the
work to accomplish them, all funding and staffing sources and major
alternative sources of support and work, have been estimated and
included in developing our Plan.

The total amount of financial resources available and spent towards the
management of the entire A.T. is not known. The expenditures of the 105
agencies and organizations involved in the management of the Trail are
not tracked by this office. The ATC, as a recipient of NPS funds submits
annual financial reports to the ATPO. In 2005 the ATC alone plans to
expended approximately 5 million dollars towards the management of the
A.T.

Please note that the goals in this plan assume a "flat budget." Other
than increases for inflation, we assumed no major increases in funding.
Where increases in appropriations were known or are likely, they were
taken into account. Where other funding sources (donations, fee
revenues, etc.) were "reasonably assured", they too were taken into
consideration when setting performance targets. Obviously, limits on
funding constrain what can be accomplished toward our goals and mission.
GPRA, however, is distinctly not about discussing budget shortfalls or
requesting or justifying additional funding. Rather it is about
planning, managing, and communicating what we can accomplish with what
we already have. Performance target numbers speak for themselves about
how well funded we are to accomplish our mission, and where targets are
low, additional budget discussions might be generated. But this is not
the primary purpose of the plan.

####### 

IV\. National Park Service Goal Categories

The NPS performance management process requires all units of the NPS to
organize goals and efforts under four goal categories in broad,
service-wide mission goals that state ideal future conditions. These
categories are Goal Category I Preserve Park Resources, Goal Category II
Provide for the Public Enjoyment and Visitor Experience of Parks, Goal
Category III Strengthen and Preserve Natural and Cultural Resources and
Enhance Recreational Opportunities Managed by Partners, and Goal
Category IV Ensure Organizational Effectiveness.

The Service recognizes that the service-wide goals, which represent the
National Park Service mission, may not reflect all of the important
goals for a particular park. This is the case for goals in category I
and II. Through the Cooperative Management System, ATPO does not have
sole responsibility for the management of resources and visitor
services. We serve as a collaborative leader enabling partners to manage
resources and provide visitor service trail-wide on multiple
jurisdictions. The guidance provided for the development of park
strategic plans states that activities relating in whole or in part to
resources outside of national park lands should be reported to Goal
Category III. Based on this guidance, ATPO has focused on one strategic
goal, which encompasses the outcomes of our management and support
activities -- the satisfaction of our management partners with the
services and resources provided by ATPO. This goal is identified below.

In addition, all park offices are required to report to Goal Category IV
goals which support organizational effectiveness. These goals focus on
governmental processes rather than the results, and refer to internal
administrative actions. For the purposes of this plan these goals are
not identified, but can be provided upon request.

# Appalachian Trail Park Office Mission and Long Term Goal for the Appalachian National Scenic Trail

NPS Goal IIIb0 -- Cooperative Management System Partner Satisfaction:

By September 30, 2008, 95% of the members of the Cooperative Management
System conducting management responsibilities in support of the
Appalachian National Scenic Trail are satisfied with the level of
support from the Appalachian Trail Park Office.

**General:**

This goal tracks the satisfaction of federal, state, and not for profit
organizations with the assistance provided from the Appalachian Trail
Park Office to preserve trail resources, and provide for the public
enjoyment and visitor experience of the Appalachian National Scenic
Trail.

The Appalachian Trail Park Office provides assistance to federal, state,
and not for profit organizations to assist them in fulfilling delegated
management activities in support of the Appalachian National Scenic
Trail. Achievement of on-the-ground results depends on the actions of
these partner organizations. Progress towards this goal is measured by a
satisfaction survey in which key partners evaluate the quality of the
services provided by the Appalachian Trail Park Office. The survey is
conducted after the end of each even number fiscal year and the services
evaluated are those received during the just completed fiscal year.

**Performance Indicator:**

Level of satisfaction of partner organizations surveyed

**Unit of Measure;**

Partners surveyed

**Baseline Information:**

Not applicable

**Planned Condition:**

Satisfied partners

**Performance Target:**

Percentage of partner satisfaction

**Data Source:**

Appalachian Trail Park Office

**Appendix A**

**Members of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail's Cooperative
Management System**

The members of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail's Cooperative
Management System include the following partners:

Nonprofit Organizations - The Appalachian Trail Conservancy, The Maine
Appalachian Trail Club, Maine Conservation Corps, Appalachian Mountain
Club, Randolph Mountain Club, Dartmouth Outing Club, Student
Conservation Association, Green Mountain Club, Vermont Youth
Conservation Corps, Vermont Land Trust, AMC-Berkshire Chapter,
AMC-Connecticut Chapter, New York-New Jersey Trail Conference, Keystone
Trails Association, Wilmington Trail Club, Batona Hiking Club,
AMC-Delaware Valley Chapter, Philadelphia Trail Club, Hawk Mountain
Sanctuary Association, Blue Mountain Eagle Climbing Club, Allentown
Hiking Club, Brandywine Valley Outing Club, Susquehanna Appalachian
Trail Club, York Hiking Club, Mountain Club of Maryland, Cumberland
Valley A.T. Management Association, Potomac Appalachian Trail Club, Old
Dominion Appalachian Trail Club, Tidewater Appalachian Trail Club,
Natural Bridge Appalachian Trail Club, Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club,
Outdoor Club at Virginia Tech, Piedmont Appalachian Trail Hikers, Mount
Rogers Appalachian Trail Club, Tennessee Eastman Hiking Club, Carolina
Mountain Club, Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservancy, Southern
Appalachian Man in the Biosphere, Smoky Mountains Hiking Club, Nantahala
Hiking Club, Georgia Appalachian Trail Club.

State Agencies -- MAINE - Baxter State Park, Department of Conservation,
Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Warden Service, Office of
State Planning, Department of Public Safety; NEW HAMPSHIRE -- Department
of Resources and Economic Development, Office of State Planning, State
Police; VERMONT -- Agency of Natural Resources, Environmental and Water
Resources Board, Department of Public Safety, State Police;
MASSACHUSETTS -- Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, Department
of Environmental Management, Division of Fisheries, Wildlife and
Environmental Law Enforcement, Department of Public Safety; CONNECTICUT
-- Department of Environmental Protection, Department of Transportation,
State Police; NEW YORK -- Department of Environmental Conservation,
Division of Fish and Wildlife, Department of Transportation, Bridge
Authority, Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation,
Palisades Interstate Park Commission, State Police; NEW JERSEY --
Department of Environmental Protection, State Police; PENNSYLVANIA --
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Game Commission, Fish
Commission, Department of Transportation, Natural Diversity Inventory
Office, State Police; MARYLAND -- Department of Natural Resources,
Department of Transportation, State Police; WEST VIRGINIA -- Department
of Natural Resources, Department of Transportation, State Police;
VIRGINIA -- Department of Conservation and Recreation, Department of
Forestry, Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Department of
Transportation, Department of Emergency Services, State Police;
TENNESSEE -- Department of Environment and Conservation; NORTH CAROLINA
-- Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources; GEORGIA --
Department of Natural Resources.

Federal Agencies/Units -- UNITED STATES FOREST SERVICE - White Mountain
National Forest, Green Mountain National Forest, George Washington and
Jefferson National Forests, Cherokee National Forest, Pisgah National
Forest, Nantahala National Forest, Chattahoochee National Forest; UNITED
STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE - Wallkill River National Wildlife
Refuge; NATIONAL PARK SERVICE -- Marsh Billings Rockefeller National
Historical Park, Hudson River Valley National Heritage Area, Delaware
Water Gap National Recreation Area, Delaware and Lehigh National
Heritage Corridor, Schuylkill National Heritage Area, C&O Canal National
Historical Park, Potomac Heritage National Scenic Trail, Harpers Ferry
National Historical Park, Shenandoah National Park, Blue Ridge Parkway,
Blue Ridge National Heritage Area, Overmountain Victory National
Historic Trail, Great Smoky Mountain National Park; SMITHSONIAN
INSTITUTION; Tennessee Valley Authority.