**STATEMENT OF DANIEL N. WENK, DEPUTY DIRECTOR,** **NATIONAL PARK
SERVICE, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON
NATIONAL PARKS OF THE SENATE COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES,
CONCERNING S. 956, A BILL TO ESTABLISH THE LAND BETWEEN THE RIVERS
NATIONAL HERITAGE AREA IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES.**

# April 23, 2008

Mr. Chairman and members of the Subcommittee, thank you for the
opportunity to appear before you today to present the Department of the
Interior's views on S. 956, a bill to authorize the Secretary of the
Interior to establish the Land Between the Rivers National Heritage Area
in the State of Illinois. The Department does not support enactment of
this bill at this time.

Before a national heritage area is designated by Congress, a
comprehensive feasibility study should be completed that evaluates an
area by applying criteria developed by the Department and Congress. The
study undertaken by Southern Illinois University provides a good
beginning in identifying the many stories and variety of resources found
within the region. However, we believe that S. 956 should not be enacted
until an adequate feasibility study is completed that yields the
necessary information to demonstrate that the proposed national heritage
area meets the criteria for designation. We also believe that individual
bills proposing to designate new national heritage areas should be
deferred until program legislation is enacted that establishes
guidelines and a process for the designation of national heritage areas.
In summer 2006, the Administration sent to Congress a legislative
proposal to establish such guidelines and a process for designation.
Bills were introduced in the 109th Congress (S. 243, H.R. 760 and H.R.
6287) that incorporated the majority of the provisions of the
Administration's proposal, and S. 243 passed the Senate. During the
110th Congress, a similar heritage area program bill, S. 278, was
introduced, and we look forward to continuing to work with Congress on
this very important issue.

S. 956 would establish the Land Between the Rivers National Heritage
Area, including Kincaid Mound, Fort de Chartres, Kaskaskia, Fort Massac,
Wilkinsonville Contonment, the Lewis and Clark Sculpture, Flat Boat,
Cave-in-Rock, the Shawneetown Bank Building, the Iron Furnace, the
Crenshaw "Slave House," Roots House, the site of the Lincoln-Douglas
debate, certain sites associated with John A. Logan, the Fort Defiance
Planning Map, Mound City National Cemetery, and Riverlore Mansion, and
any other sites within 17 counties in the State of Illinois that the
management entity determines to be appropriate to include. It designates
the Southern Illinois University Carbondale as the management entity.

The Department has concerns about the limited scope of the legislation.
For example, S. 956 does not make the case that this region is a
cohesive, nationally distinctive landscape, unified around one
nationally important story that sets it aside from all other areas. The
boundaries for the proposed area are not defined. While complete
boundaries that encompass the key contributing components of the
nationally important story are refined during the development of the
management plan, the main region is typically stated within the
legislation as a demonstration of where most of the grassroots efforts
are taking place.

Also, S. 956 does not define the role and functions of the management
entity or direct the management entity to develop and submit a
management plan for the heritage area. The role and functions of a
management entity are defined during development of the feasibility
study as they require concurrence of the residents. Legislative language
for a management plan includes a description of comprehensive policies,
goals, strategies, and recommendations for telling the story of the
area. It specifies existing and potential sources of funding or economic
development strategies to protect, enhance, and interpret the area. The
plan also includes a description of actions and commitments that
governments, private organizations, and citizens will take to protect,
manage, and develop resources of the heritage area. S. 956 does not
include any standard legislative language for management planning. The
diversity of perspective and goals of any heritage area requires a
written agreement on how to proceed. Specific guidelines regarding these
issues were provided in the proposed legislation for heritage areas
developed and presented to Congress by the Department in 2006.

A final concern is that S. 956 does not authorize any appropriations to
provide financial assistance in conducting and carrying out the
activities and functions of the heritage area.

The Department has consistently taken the position that proposed
national heritage areas follow the proven path of those achieving
designation in recent years. We cannot support S. 956 at this time as it
does not meet the specific criteria for designation demonstrated by the
completion of an adequate feasibility study. We are, however, fully
prepared to provide advice or assistance in the completion of a
feasibility study that meets our professional standards and provides
Congress with the necessary information and assessment upon which to
base its decision regarding designation in the future.

Mr. Chairman, this concludes my prepared remarks. I would be pleased to
answer any questions you or other members of the Subcommittee may have.