List of exhibits

1 Introduction

> Exhibit 1 Summary of changes resulting in the HFDS 1--8

2 General design requirements

(This section has no exhibits)

3 Automation

> Exhibit 3.11 Levels of automation, from high to low 3-22

4 Designing equipment for maintenance

> Exhibit 4.2.2.1 Maximum weight limits for objects lifted by one person
> using\
> both hands 4-6
>
> Exhibit 4.2.5.1.5 Maximum force limits for pulling and pushing units\
> of equipment using handles or grasp areas 4-9
>
> Exhibit 4.2.5.3.1 Minimum handle dimensions 4-11
>
> Exhibit 4.2.5.3.2 Minimum handle diameter required by weight of unit
> of\
> equipment 4-12
>
> Exhibit 4.3.5.3.1 Minimum character height for various viewing
> distances 4-24
>
> Exhibit 4.3.5.5.2 Recommended colors 4-26
>
> Exhibit 4.3.5.5.3 Good and bad arrows 4-26
>
> Exhibit 4.4.3.2 Minimum dimensions of openings designed for access by
> one or two\
> fingers without visual access 4-28
>
> Exhibit 4.4.3.3 Minimum dimensions of openings designed for access by\
> one hand or arm without visual access 4-29
>
> Exhibit 4.4.3.4 Minimum dimensions of openings designed for access by
> two hands\
> without visual access 4-30
>
> Exhibit 4.5.1.2 Type of covering for type of access and environmental
> conditions 4-34
>
> Exhibit 4.6.3.3.2 Examples of combination-head bolts and screws 4-45
>
> Exhibit 4.6.3.3.4 Example of an internal-wrenching bolt and nut 4-46
>
> Exhibit 4.7.2.4 Example of a quick-action connector 4-53
>
> Exhibit 4.7.5.2.2 Example of a crimp-on splice .4-57
>
> Exhibit 4.7.5.2.5 Examples of a U-lug and an O-lug 4-57
>
> Exhibit 4.8.1.1.5 Fanning out cables 4-60
>
> Exhibit 4.8.1.1.13 Cable winder 4-61
>
> Exhibit 4.8.1.2.6 Recoiling slack cable 4-63
>
> Exhibit 4.8.1.5.3 Quick-release clamps, hinged and spring .4-66
>
> Exhibit 4.8.1.6.6 An example of a line and cable reel car 4-67
>
> Exhibit 4.8.1.6.8 Line and cable mobile support 4-68
>
> Exhibit 4.8.1.8.4 Electrical cable coding 4-70
>
> Exhibit 4.8.2.4.7 Externally visible seals 4-74
>
> Exhibit 4.8.2.5.1 Color-coding of fluid conductors 4-75
>
> Exhibit 4.8.2.5.2. Valve color-coding scheme 4-76
>
> Exhibit 4.8.2.5.3 Hydraulic and pneumatic line color-coding scheme
> 4-77
>
> Exhibit 4.8.2.5.5 Value position labeling 4-78
>
> Exhibit 4.9.4.1 Example of foldout mounting construction 4-85
>
> Exhibit 4.9.4.7 Error-free mounting provisions 4-86
>
> Exhibit 4.11.1.1 General comparison of fuses and circuit breakers 4-92
>
> Exhibit 4.11.3.1 Push-pull circuit breaker specifications 4-94
>
> Exhibit 4.11.4.1 Toggle bat specifications 4-95
>
> Exhibit 4.11.4.2 Legend switch specifications 4-96
>
> Exhibit 4.12.2.13 Terminal strips 4-99
>
> Exhibit 4.12.4.4 (a) Test plug with sliding cover 4-101
>
> Exhibit 4.12.4.4 (b) Test point adapter 4-101

5 Displays and printers

> Exhibit 5.1.2.7 Display face not tilted more than 450 to user's line
> of sight 5-3
>
> Exhibit 5.1.2.10 Optimum vertical and horizontal visual fields 5-4
>
> Exhibit 5.3.3 Stroke width for pixel-generated characters 5-14
>
> Exhibit 5.3.4 Height-width relationship for upper case pixel-generated
> characters 5-14
>
> Exhibit 5.3.8 Example of positive and negative polarity 5-15

6 Controls and visual indicators

> Exhibit 6.1.1.1.5 (a) Characteristics of common controls for
> continuous\
> adjustments 6-2
>
> Exhibit 6.1.1.1.5 (b) Characteristics of common controls for
> continuous adjustments 6-3
>
> Exhibit 6.1.1.3.8 Minimum spacing between controls 6-5
>
> Exhibit 6.1.1.4.1 Advantages and disadvantages of different types of
> coding 6-6
>
> Exhibit 6.1.2.3.1 Minimum character height for various viewing
> distances under normal\
> luminance levels 6-14
>
> Exhibit 6.1.4.1 Foot-operated switch specifications 6-19
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.1.5 Rotary selector switch. 6-21
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.2.1 Key-operated switch specifications 6-25
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.4.1 Knob Specifications 6-27
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.5.1 Ganged control knob specifications 6-29
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.5.7 Relationship between ganged knobs and their
> associated visual\
> indicators 6-30
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.6.1 Continuous thumbwheel specifications 6-31
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.7.1 Crank specifications 6-32
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.8.1 Push button specifications 6-34
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.9.1 Toggle switch specifications 6-36
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.10.1 Legend switch specifications 6-38
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.11.1 Rocker switch specifications 6-40
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.12.1 Slide switch specifications 6-42
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.13.1 Push-pull control specifications 6-48
>
> Exhibit 6.1.5.16.1 Hand-force hand control specifications 6-50
>
> Exhibit 6.2.2.1.8 Optimum vertical and horizontal visual fields 6-55
>
> Exhibit 6.2.2.1.27 Color-coding of transilluminated displays 6-58
>
> Exhibit 6.2.2.3.3 Coding of simple indicator lights . 6-61
>
> Exhibit 6.2.5 Characteristics and ratings for direct-reading counters,
> printers and flags
>
> 6-64
>
> Exhibit 6.2.6.1 Characteristics and ratings of fixed and moveable
> pointer scales for\
> various uses . 6-67

7 Alarms, audio, and voice

> Exhibit 7.2.1.7 Characteristics and ratings of audio signals for
> various uses 7-6
>
> Exhibit 7.4.1.2 Speech intelligibility criteria for voice
> communication systems 7-17

8 Computer-human interface

> Exhibit 8.2.2.1 Luminance contrast ratios for various conditions 8-7
>
> Exhibit 8.3.3.1.4 Examples of acceptable and unacceptable patterns.
> 8-39
>
> Exhibit 8.3.3.1.5 Example of axes with breaks 8-40
>
> Exhibit 8.6.2.5.2 Color combinations to avoid 8-60
>
> Exhibit 8.7.6.2.5 Mnemonics and accelerators 8-89
>
> Exhibit 8.13.5.12 Example of a default push button . 8-120
>
> Exhibit 8.13.10.5.6 Example of better and worse pointing cursors 8-129
>
> Exhibit 8.13.10.6.5 Pointer shapes associated with functions 8-131
>
> Exhibit 8.15.6.1.2 Maximum system response times for routine system
> tasks... 8-166

9 Input devices

> Exhibit 9.0 Advantages and disadvantages of non-keyboard input devices
> 9-1
>
> Exhibit 9.0 (cont.) Advantages and disadvantages of non-keyboard input
> devices 9-2
>
> Exhibit 9.0 (cont.) Advantages and disadvantages of non-keyboard input
> devices 9-3
>
> Exhibit 9.1.15 Cursor movement keys. 9-5
>
> Exhibit 9.3.2.5 Dimensions of a mouse 9-9
>
> Exhibit 9.3.3.3.1 Finger-operated displacement joystick specifications
> 9-12
>
> Exhibit 9.3.3.7.1 Ball control specifications 9-15
>
> Exhibit 9.3.6.1 Pointer shapes associated with functions. 9-19
>
> Exhibit 9.4.2.4 Touch panel responsive area dimensions 9-24

10 Workstation and Workplace design

> Exhibit 10.2.1.1 (a) Standard console dimensions 10-3
>
> Exhibit 10.2.1.1 (b) Standard console illustration and dimension key
> 10-4
>
> Exhibit 10.2.2.2. Seated workspace dimensions and illustrations 10-7
>
> Exhibit 10.2.2.13 Swing-away seat for short-term use 10-9
>
> Exhibit 10.2.3 Example of horizontal wrap-around console 10-10
>
> Exhibit 10.2.4 Examples of vertical stacked segments 10-11
>
> Exhibit 10.2.5.1 Basic and variations of multi-person console
> arrangements with an\
> example control room 10-14
>
> Exhibit 10.2.5.2 Concepts of functional reach arc and equidistant
> visual\
> arc for a stand console 10-15
>
> Exhibit 10.2.6.1 Standing workstation illustration and dimensions\
> consoles where see over capabilities are not required 10-18
>
> Exhibit 10.2.10.1 Dimensions and illustrations for workspaces other
> than\
> seated or standing 10-21
>
> Exhibit 10.3.2.4 Access space through integral design 10-25
>
> Exhibit 10.4.1.2 Walkway and passageway 10-27
>
> Exhibit 10.4.2.6 Minimum clearance point for a single wheelchair 10-28
>
> Exhibit 10.4.2.7 Dimensions for making a U-turn in a wheelchair 10-29
>
> Exhibit 10.4.7.2.1 Door dimensions 10-34
>
> Exhibit 10.4.7.6.1 Whole body access dimensions 10-38
>
> Exhibit 10.4.8.1.2 Type of structure in relation to angle of ascent
> 10-39
>
> Exhibit 10.4.8.1.12 Critical dimensions for ramps 10-41
>
> Exhibit 10.4.8.1.15 Combined ramp and stairs 10-42
>
> Exhibit 10.4.8.3.1 Design requirements for stair dimension 10-44
>
> Exhibit 10.4.8.4.1 Design requirements for stair ladders 10-46
>
> Exhibit 10.4.8.5.1 Design requirements for fixed ladders 10-48
>
> Exhibit 10.4.8.5.3 Design requirements for fixed ladder cage
> dimensions 10-49
>
> Exhibit 10.4.8.6.1 (a) Design requirements for portable step ladders
> 10-50
>
> Exhibit 10.4.8.6.1 (b) Design requirements for portable rung ladders
> 10-51

11 System security

> (This section has no exhibits)

12 Personnel safety

> Exhibit 12.2.1.8 Specific task illumination requirements 12-4
>
> Exhibit 12.4 Shock current intensities and their effects 12-7
>
> Exhibit 12.4.1.3 Proof test values for protective gloves 12-9
>
> Exhibit 12.4.1.9 An interlock switch 12-10
>
> Exhibit 12.4.3.3 Automatic shorting bar 12-13
>
> Exhibit 12.4.4.6 Equipment grounding. 12-14
>
> Exhibit 12.5.1.4 (a) Rolling edges of sheets less than 0.5 mm (0.02
> in) thick 12-17
>
> Exhibit 12.5.1.4 (b) Rounding exposed edges 0.5 up to 3.0 mm\
> (0.02 up to 0.12 in) thick 12-17
>
> Exhibit 12.5.1.4 (c) Rounding exposed edges 3.0 to 6.4 mm\
> (0.12 up to 0.12 in) thick 12-17
>
> Exhibit 12.5.1.4 (d) Rounding of exposed edges 6.4 mm (0.25 in) thick
> or greater
>
> 12-17
>
> Exhibit 12.5.1.5 (a) Requirements for rounding of corners less than 25
> mm\
> (1.0 in) 12-18
>
> Exhibit 12.5.1.5 (b) Requirements for rounding of corners greater
> than\
> 25 mm (1.0 in) 12-18
>
> Exhibit 12.10.1 Upper and lower temperature limit range 12-24
>
> Exhibit 12.12.8 Permissible noise exposure 12-28
>
> Exhibit 12.14.1.1 Exposure limit for ultraviolet radiant energy (200
> to 315 mm) 12-30
>
> Exhibit 12.14.3 Relative contribution of different wavelengths to
> luminance 12-32
>
> Exhibit 12.14.3.1 Maximum safe exposure to 400 - 1400 nm radiant
> energy 12-32
>
> Exhibit 12.14.3.4 Estimation of permissible image luminance 12-33
>
> Exhibit 12.16.2 Label and placard layout -- two panel sign with
> optional symbol pane
>
> 12-36

13 Environment

> Exhibit 13.2.3 Large enclosure ventilation 13-3
>
> Exhibit 13.3 Comfort zone chart 13-5
>
> Exhibit 13.3.1 Deriving effective temperature 13-6
>
> Exhibit 13.4.2.2 Specific task illumination requirements. 13-11
>
> Exhibit 13.4.2.2 (continued) Specific task illumination requirements.
> 13-12
>
> Exhibit 13.4.6.3 Required brightness ratios 13-16
>
> Exhibit 13.5.1.1 Permissible exposure limits. 13-18

14 Anthropometry and biomechanics

> Exhibit 14.1.4.4 Additive effects of clothing on anthropometric
> measures 14-9
>
> Exhibit 14.1.4.4 (continued) Additive effects of clothing on
> anthropometric measures
>
> 14-10
>
> Exhibit 14.1.5.1 Percentile values 14-11
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 Static human physical characteristics (head) 14-15
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (head) 14-16
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (head) 14-17
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (head) 14-18
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (seated) 14-19
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (seated) 14-20
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (seated)... 14-21
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (seated) 14-22
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (standing) 14-23
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (standing) 14-24
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (standing) 14-25
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (hand) 14-26
>
> Exhibit 14.3.2.1 (continued) Static human physical characteristics
> (standing position)
>
> 14-27
>
> Exhibit 14.3.3.2.1 Joint movement ranges. 14-30
>
> Exhibit 14.3.3.2.1 (continued) Joint movement ranges 14-31
>
> Exhibit 14.3.3.2.1 (continued) Joint movement ranges 14-32
>
> Exhibit 14.3.3.2.2 Change in range of joint movement with movement in
> an adjacent\
> joint 14-34
>
> Exhibit 14.4.2 Reach envelopes in vertical and horizontal plane 14-36
>
> Exhibit 14.4.3 (a) Touch, grip, and grasp functions. 14-37
>
> Exhibit 14.4.3 (a) (continued) Touch, grip, and grasp functions 14-38
>
> Exhibit 14.4.3 (b) Thumb and forefinger grasp boundary data for
> females in the 46 cm\
> and 61 cm horizontal planes 14-40
>
> Exhibit 14.5.2.1 Male muscle strength of the arm, hand, and thumb for
> control forces\
> (5^th^ percentile values) 14-44
>
> Exhibit 14.5.2.1 (continued) Design criteria for male muscle strength
> of the arm, hand, and thumb for control forces (5th percentile values)
> 14-45
>
> Exhibit 14.5.3.1 Horizontal push and pull forces that can be
> exerted... 14-47
>
> Exhibit 14.5.3.2 Static muscle strength data for vertical pull
> exertions... 14-49
>
> Exhibit 14.5.3.2 (continued) Static muscle strength data for vertical
> pull exertions
>
> 14-50
>
> Exhibit 14.5.3.2 (continued) Static muscle strength data for vertical
> pull exertions
>
> 14-51
>
> Exhibit 14.6.1 Forward reach from a wheelchair. 14-52
>
> Exhibit 14.6.1 (continued) Forward reach from a wheelchair 14-53
>
> Exhibit 14.6.4 Side reach from a wheelchair 14-53
>
> Exhibit 14.6.6 Wheelchair dimensions 14-54

15 User documentation

> Exhibit 15.4 FAA directives and order of document components 15-33
>
> Exhibit 15.4.1.2 Type sizes for cover page elements 15-34
>
> Exhibit 15.4.12.3 (a) User feedback form -- Front 15-47
>
> Exhibit 15.4.12.3 (b) User feedback form -- Back 15-48