# GLR-IN-069 Safety Briefing for July, 2001

Subj: Part 1 (General topic): Hot Weather Safety

Part 2 (Aviation topic): Aeronautical Decision Making -- Risk Management

**Part 1: Hot Weather Safety**

1\. 240 deaths/year due to heat-related illnesses.

\- Heat-related illnesses are 100% preventable.

\- Excess fluid loss through perspiration when in hot environment.

2\. Two stages

\- Heat *exhaustion*

\* Symptoms: clammy skin / chills / headache / weak / dizzy / cramps /
vomiting

\* Treatment: shade / *sips* of water / medical attention if vomiting
continues

\_ Heat *stroke* (aggravated heat exhaustion)

\* Symptoms: similar to heat exhaustion, but skin gets *dry and hot*,
strong

and fast pulse, strange behavior (e.g. confused, angry)

\* Treatment: immediate emergency help

3\. Prevention

\- Drink plenty of water (avoid alcohol, carbonation, caffeine, which
dehydrate)

\- Wear brimmed hat

\- Be aware of medications (any that cause dry mouth decrease ability to
sweat)

\- Avoid hottest part of day (10 am to 6 pm)

## Part 2: Aeronautical Decision Making -- Risk Management

## 

1\. Review of the components of judgment training.

2\. References: Primarily AC 60-22 ADM and AOPA INSTRUCTOReport, Summer,
2000, but

the same information appears many places.

3\. What is risk management? "The part of the decision-making process
which relies on *[situational]{.underline}*

*[awareness]{.underline}, [problem recognition]{.underline}, and [good
judgment]{.underline}* to reduce risks associated with each flight."

4\. Some approaches to risk management:

a\. D E C I D E model: A tool to provide a logical way to make
decisions.

[D]{.underline}etect [Detect]{.underline} a change (from the way the
flight was planned to go)

[E]{.underline}stimate [Estimate]{.underline} the need to react to the
change

[C]{.underline}hoose [Choose]{.underline} a desirable outcome

[I]{.underline}dentify [Identify]{.underline} best solution

[D]{.underline}o [Do]{.underline} the best solution

[E]{.underline}valuate [Evaluate]{.underline} if the solution is
effective

> [Exercise]{.underline} -- Apply to situation: Cpf 1254 on a 2-hour
> cross-country. After one hour,

detect that only one fuel gage is going down (selector is on BOTH).

b\. A P E S: Elements of risk to be evaluated for each flight. Examples
for each element:

> [A]{.underline}ircraft performance / equipment / maintenance

[P]{.underline}ilot personality / attitudes / stress / recency /
experience

[E]{.underline}nvironment weather / airport/ATC services / day-night

[S]{.underline}ituation type of operation / time restraints

[Exercise]{.underline} -- Example of tailoring each element to your own
personal situation.

A/C: Normal: Cpf 1254 / Preflight OK / F781s OK

Different: New fuel tank

Pilot: Normal: I'M SAFE OK

Different: No night flight in 5 months / Invulnerable haz. att.

Environment: Normal: Comfortable with ceilings and visibilities

Different: Strong crosswind at destination

Situation: Normal: SAR flight

Different: Night ELT search / MTRs enroute

[Benefit]{.underline} This *forces* the crew to identify critical
aspects of the flight and make decisions

about them, rather than completing the flight, and then figuring that
everything must

have been OK because they got there.

c\. Follow rules, procedures, recommended practices (including
*learning* them), e.g.

\- adhere to CAP crosswind limits

\- use the checklist

\- check W & B if load is different than usual

\- don't scud-run

\- don't descend below minimum altitudes

\- have proper fuel reserves, and track fuel usage

\- etc., etc., etc.

d\. I'M SAFE

e\. CAP Risk Assessment Checklist HANDOUT

f\. Be proficient in "aviate-navigate-communicate"

\- be able to do them with little/no conscious thought

\- leaves mind free to observe, evaluate, and make decisions

Requires practice, practice, practice to achieve this!!!

5\. An interesting/beneficial web site:
<http://www.aopa.org/asf/runway_safety/>

This is a short interactive program aimed at the runway incursion
problem.

A. Cecere

GLR-IN-069 Safety Officer

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# Safety Brief Pilot Initial Sheet: July, 2001 

Hot Weather Safety

Aeronautical Decision Making -- Risk Management

### All members must have attended this brief

***OR***

***read this material and initialed this buckslip.***

***[Pilots may not act as PIC unless this has been done.]{.underline}***

B. Bledsoe \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ E. Lange \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

J. Brown \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ G. Littell \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

M. Brown \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ M. Meister \_\_\_[LOA]{.underline}\_

L. Catt \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ R. Myers \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

A. Cecere \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ L. Pinney \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Nan. Chance \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ M. Smith \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Norm. Chance \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

R. Chance \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

C. Coleman \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

R. Duncan \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

J. Feeney \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

D. Koiro \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

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