Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 10/16/2006

**GAIN Report Number:** KS6108

KS6108

**Korea, Republic of**

**Planting Seeds**

**Annual**

**2006**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)Lloyd S. Harbert

U.S. Embassy

**Prepared by:**

Susan Phillips//Sunchul Choi

**Report Highlights:**

In MY 2006/07, total imports of planting seeds are expected to increase
to meet the greater demand under the government\'s green manure project;
however U.S. exports to Korea are forecast to decrease due to the lack
of new contracts with U.S. rye suppliers who have recently suffered from
severe drought.

Korea plans to complete the extension of protection to all plant genera
and species by 2009. Korea joined the International Union for the
Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) in January 7, 2002.

Includes PSD Changes: No

Includes Trade Matrix: No

Annual Report

Seoul \[KS1\]

\[KS\]

Table of Contents

[SECTION I. SITUATION AND OUTLOOK 3](#section-i.-situation-and-outlook)

[Production 3](#production)

[Trade 3](#trade)

[Intellectual Property Rights (Plant Variety Protection/Plant patents)
4](#intellectual-property-rights-plant-variety-protectionplant-patents)

[Seed Certification 4](#seed-certification)

[Plant Health Regulations 4](#plant-health-regulations)

[Variety Approval 5](#variety-approval)

[Development of Biotechnology Crops
6](#development-of-biotechnology-crops)

[SECTION II: STATISTICAL TABLES 7](#section-ii-statistical-tables)

# SECTION I. SITUATION AND OUTLOOK

Local production of grass and forage seeds remains negligible. Breeding
and seed supply of traditional crops such as rice, barley, wheat and
soybeans generally are conducted by the public sector. However, private
breeders play a major role in the breeding of vegetable seeds. Chinese
cabbage, onions, melon, peppers, radish and watermelon are the most
important seed-propagated vegetable species and breeding efforts are
concentrated on those crops. Some of the larger domestic seed companies
have been merged into foreign seed companies. Because of the higher
local production costs and the climate, a considerable amount of seed
production is produced abroad and shipped to Korea.

## Production

[]{.mark}

The Korean government seed production policy still targets five types of
seed: rice, barley, soybean, corn and potato. In 2006, The National Seed
Management Office (NSMO) distributed the following types and quantities
of certified seeds: rice -- 16,799 mt, barley 1,520 mt, soybean -- 1,197
mt, corn -- 57 mt, and potato -- 8,693 mt. Local corn seed distribution
for forage declined to 35 mt while the remainder was for snack foods.
Local production of grass and forage seeds remains negligible.

In 2005, production of vegetable seeds from both local and overseas
fields increased by 20 percent and 29 percent from the previous year,
respectively. Private Korean seed companies produced 74 percent of their
total seed output on foreign farms, slightly higher than the previous
year. All seed from foreign production brought back by Korean producers
are considered as imports (Please see Tables 11 and 12 for statistical
information).

## Trade

Total imports of planting seeds increased in MY 2005/06 to 18,095 mt, up
23 percent from the previous year reflecting an increase in rye seed and
Chinese milk Vetch imports to meet the greater demand under the
government's green manure projects. The Korean government has encouraged
farmers to cultivate forage for feed or fertilizer in rice fields to
reduce rice production and encourage environmentally friendly rice
farming under the \"Green Manure Plan\" campaign since 1998. Farmers
have received a 100 percent subsidy for the cost of planting seeds under
the government campaign. Planting seed imports of forages are expected
to continue increasing to meet the greater demand generated by the
government campaign. Government plans to continue increasing the
cultivated area to 280,000 hectares (HA) in CY 2010 from 124,000 HA in
2006. This currently represents about 13 percent of total land
designated for rice production. Therefore, total planting seed imports
are expected to continue increasing in the near future.

U.S. Exports to Korea

In MY 2005/06, imports from the United States remained relatively stable
due mainly to its ability to provide a broad array of seeds for the
animal feed industry. Imports of rye seed have declined as the dairy
industry has been restructured due to heavy stocks of milk. Even though
government's "Green Manure Plan" expects the demand for rye seed to grow
continuously in the near future, imports from the United States are
forecast to decrease next year due to the lack of contracts with U.S.
suppliers who have recently suffered from severe drought.

Competition

Australia supplies oat, corn, sorghum, herbaceous seed and Sudan grass.
Japan supplies vegetable seed. Canada supplies rye, fescue seed and rye
grass. China competes on the Korean market with Chinese Milk Vetch and
Hairy Vetch (within the category of other grasses) used for green manure
purposes. China also supplies herbaceous plants, fruit tree seed,
vegetable seed, lawn seed and flower seed.

## Intellectual Property Rights (Plant Variety Protection/Plant patents)

In 1997, Korea introduced a system of plant variety protection (PVP),
which conformed to the provisions of the 1991 Act of the International
Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention
and became the 50^th^ member of UPOV in 2002. The PVP in Korea is based
on the Seed Industry Law of December 6, 1995, as revised on December 11,
2003. The NSMO is responsible for the implementation of the PVP.

Since Korea joined the UPOV on January 7, 2002, the government has
continued to add new species biennially to the IPR protection list.
Korea plans to add 31 new species in 2006 and 24 in 2008. They will
finalize the extension of protection to all plant genera and species by
2009. Currently 155 genera and species are eligible for protection.
Granted varieties of PVP have reached 1,592 out of 96 genera and species
as of May 31, 2006. Table 14 shows the chronological approval of species
eligible for protection in Korea.

Total application for PVP has reached to 2,666 varieties to date,
composed of 1,453 varieties of ornamental plants (54.5%), 495 of food
grains (18.6%), 426 of vegetables (16%), 134 of fruits (5%) and 157 of
others (5.9%).

## Seed Certification 

Seed certification is classified into national certification and
internal certification. The national certification program is
administered by the government and covers only the crops within the
national list (NL), composed of five major staple crops such as paddy
rice, barley, corn, soybeans and potato since 1998. NSMO administers the
national certification for the five major crops.

The internal certification is given to NL seeds produced by a seed
manager, who is qualified by a government agency based on a seed
qualification test. The qualified seed manager can also produce a
certified seed for crops other than those on the NL under the internal
certification system.

Seeds that are not subject to seed certification can be distributed
through seeds market with a label indicating seed quality. The
indication of seed quality should contain the production year, packing
date, seed guarantee duration, variety denomination, quantity, the place
of production, germination rate, import date, importer's name etc.

Consequently, all seeds are traded in two ways in Korea; certified seeds
under national or internal certification, and qualified seeds with a
label indicating seed quality. Korea is not a signatory to the OECD Seed
Schemes yet.

## Plant Health Regulations 

A phyto-sanitary certificate is required for the importation of all
planting seeds into Korea. Ipomoea spp. is prohibited from all U.S.
states and Puerto Rico and Solanum tuberosum (tuber as seed) is also
prohibited from 18 states in the United States. Twelve weeds linsted in
the table 18 are currently prohibited from other countries. In CY 2005,
80 mt of U. S. rye seed was rejected and shipped back to the United
States because of fungal contamination (Bipolaris specifera), which was
sharply declined from 30 percent of the total exports of 3,200 MT of
U.S. rye seed in CY 2004.

It is recommended that any potential exporter contact the Animal and
Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) office in Seoul before exporting
new varieties to the Korean market. Regulations may vary in this area.

APO Address of APHIS/Seoul:

APHIS Attache

American Embassy‑Seoul

Unit 15550

APO AP 96205‑0001

Local Address:

APHIS Attache

146‑1 Susong‑dong, Chongro‑ku

Rm. 303, Leema Building

Seoul, Korea 110‑140

Phone: 82‑2‑397‑4198, 82‑2‑725‑5495

Fax: 82‑2‑725‑5496

E.mail: george.a.ball@aphis.usda.gov

## Variety Approval 

There are three separate approval processes for introducing new
varieties of planting seeds into Korea. The approval process depends on
seeds classified by the national listed field crops, registration of
plant variety protection and notification for seed production and sale.

The major five field crops under the national list are required to pass
the Value for Cultivation and Use (VCU) test and the Distinctiveness,
Uniformity and Stability (DUS) test. Registration of plant variety
protection is required to pass the DUS, Novelty and Denomination tests.
All seeds other than NL crops and PVP crops are required to submit to
NSMO the Notification for Seed Production and Sale including variety
denomination along with other documents such as variety characteristics,
breeding genealogy, color photograph and sample of variety.

DUS tests take one to three years depending on the variety in accordance
with test guidelines (TG) of UPOV or national TG. The VCU test for major
field crops must go through a test of productivity and field adaptation
before being approved. Depending on the seed type, the trial test for
productivity takes two to three years. This test includes a one-year
field adaptation test, which is conducted on sites in three or more
provinces. Test fees are applied.

NSMO runs the seed-testing program. For further information on testing,
contact NSMO at: Phone:(82‑31) 467‑0190, Fax:(82‑31) 467‑0160 or email:
kjchoi@seed.go.kr. A test fee is required.

[]{.mark}

An adaptability test is required for all new imported varieties before
introduction into Korea. To apply for an adaptability test, contact the
relevant organization below

Korea Fruit Tree Nursery Growers Association (for fruit trees),

Phone: 82-417-575-5337, Fax: 82-417- 574-3855;

Korea Florist Association (for flower),

Phone: 82-2- 577-2014, Fax: 82-2- 579-1861;

Korea Spawn Cultivation Association (for mushroom),

Phone: 82-31-234-5201, Fax: 82-31- 234-5202;

Korea Medicine Herbal Association (for oriental herb)

Phone 82-2-967-8133, Fax: 82-2-965-0643

National Agricultural Cooperative Federation (for forage and grass),

Phone: 82-2- 2127-7438, Fax: 82-2-2224-7830;

Korean Seed Association (for vegetable seed and others),

Phone: 82-2-578-7637/8, Fax: 82-2-578-7639.

## Development of Biotechnology Crops

## 

The Ministry of Agriculture's Rural Development Administration (RDA) is
conducting biotech research on development of transgenic crops. The
National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology (NIAB) under the RDA is
currently developing 45 separate biotech traits among 18 crops and five
traits in two animals. Included are rice, wheat, soybean, chili (red
pepper), potato, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, Perilla seed, tomato, apple,
watermelon, cucumber, lettuce, chrysanthemum, swine, chicken, alfalfa,
tall fescue, lawn, tangerine etc. Herbicide tolerant rice, pepper,
perilla seed, and virus resistant potatoes are expected to become the
first domestically developed biotech crops to become commercially
produced in Korea. Korea's first biotech crops are currently undergoing
environmental risk assessments and could be produced commercially in
three to four years. No official statistics on the development of
biotechnology crops by private entities are available. Rough industry
estimates indicate that approximately 60 varieties are under development
although they are all still at the laboratory stage. (Please refer to
KS6074 for general information on Biotechnology in Korea.)

# SECTION II: STATISTICAL TABLES

**Table 1: Demand for Grass and Forage Seed**

**(Unit: Metric Ton, Calendar year)**

+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| Calendar  | Animal   |          |          | Green    | Total     |
|           | Feed     |          |          | Manure   |           |
| Year      |          |          |          |          |           |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
|           | Grass    | Forage   | Total    |          |           |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| 1999      | 145      | 5,363    | 5,508    | 367      | 5,875     |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| 2000      | 84       | 4,199    | 4,283    | 2,787    | 7,070     |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| 2001      | 79       | 3,667    | 3,746    | 4,404    | 8,150     |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| 2002      | 71       | 3,394    | 3,465    | 5,124    | 8,589     |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| 2003      | 67       | 3,228    | 3,295    | 5,732    | 9,027     |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| 2004      | 91       | 3,473    | 3,564    | 5,705    | 9,269     |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| 2005      | 83       | 3,346    | 3,429    | 8,929    | 12,358    |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| 2006      | 46       | 3,352    | 3,398    | 9,580    | 12,978    |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+

Source: National Agricultural Cooperative Federation (NACF)

Korea Dairy and Beef Farmers Association (KDBFA)

**Table 2: Production of Government Certified Planting Seed**

**(Unit: Metric Ton, Calendar year)**

  ----------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
  Commodity   2000     2001     2002     2003     2004     2005     2006

  Rice        15,986   14,883   15,160   16,000   17,000   18,000   21,002

  Barley      2,250    2,403    2,120    1,974    1,918    1,700    1,600

  Soybean     717      848      857      965      1,050    1,200    1,250

  Corn        165      68       114      105      99       80       34

  Potato      9,684    9,333    9,459    7,889    8,498    9,444    9,201

  Total       28,802   27,535   27,710   26,933   28,565   30,424   33,087
  ----------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------

Source: National Seed Management Office (NSMO)

**Table 3 - Korea: Distribution of Government Certified Planting Seed**

**(Unit: Metric Ton, Calendar year)**

  ---------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
  Commodity        2000     2001     2002     2003     2004     2005     2006

  Rice             12,982   12,952   10,782   13,464   14,028   15,732   16,799

  Barley           2,177    2,345    1,967    1,903    1,853    1,664    1,520

  Soybean          500      668      790      814      946      1,058    1,197

  Corn ^1/^        215      168      84       105      102      77       57

  Potato           8,176    8,987    9,224    9,010    7,473    8,264    8,693

  Total            24,050   25,120   22,847   25,296   24,402   26,795   28,266

  1/Distribution                                                         
  of Corn Seed for                                                       
  Purpose                                                                

  Forage           177      134      52       72       68       46       35

  Food             38       34       32       33       34       31       22

  Total            215      168      84       105      102      77       57
  ---------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------

Source: National Seed Management Office (NSMO)

**Table 4: CY2006 Supply of Forage and Grass Seed for Animal Feed**

**(Unit: Kg)**

  --------------------- ----------------- ---------------- ---------------
  Commodity             Spring Planting   Fall Planting    Total

  Orchard Grass         8,000             19,080           27,080

  Tall Fescue           2,400             5,620            8,020

  Timothy               460               1,520            1,980

  Kentucky Bluegrass    960               2,080            3,040

  Perennial Rye Grass   0                 0                0

  Reed Canary Grass     140               300              440

  Alfalfa               920               900              1,820

  White Clover          540               1,720            2,260

  Red Clover            340               240              580

  **Grass Seed Total**  **13,760**        **31,460**       **45,220**

  Forage Rape           2,600             4,040            6,640

  Forage Oat            204,360           358,860          563,220

  Winter Rye            0                 1,690,860        1,690,860

  Italian Ryegrass      7,380             458,980          466,360

  Sudan Grass F1        430,240           0                430,240

  Sorghum F1            12,560            0                12,560

  Corn                  167,200           0                167,200

  **Forage Seed Total** **824,340**       **2,512,740**    **3,337,080**

  **Total Imported      **838,100**       **2,544,200**    **3,382,300**
  Seed**                                                   

  Domestic Corn         15,576            0                15,576

  **Grand Total**       **853,676**       **2,544,200**    **3,397,876**
  --------------------- ----------------- ---------------- ---------------

Source: National Agricultural Cooperative Federation (NACF)

Korea Dairy and Beef Farmers Association (KDBFA)

**Table 5: CY2005 Supply of Forage and Grass Seed for Animal Feed**

**(Unit: Kg)**

  --------------------- ----------------- ---------------- ---------------
  Commodity             Spring Planting   Fall Planting    Total

  Orchard Grass         10,840            44,040           54,880

  Tall Fescue           4,320             7,540            11,860

  Timothy               620               1,560            2,180

  Kentucky Bluegrass    2,400             3,060            5,460

  Perennial Rye Grass   280               3,140            3,420

  Reed Canary Grass     0                 540              540

  Alfalfa               580               720              1,300

  White Clover          540               880              1,420

  Red Clover            600               660              1,260

  **Grass Seed Total**  **20,180**        **62,140**       **82,320**

  Forage Rape           4,170             4,770            8,940

  Forage Oat            179,640           329,680          509,320

  Winter Rye            0                 1,698,840        1,698,840

  Italian Ryegrass      7,520             415,840          423,360

  Sudan Grass F1        470,940           0                470,940

  Sorghum F1            13,780            0                13,780

  Corn                  199,880           0                199,880

  **Forage Seed Total** **875,930**       **2,449,130**    **3,325,060**

  **Total Imported      **896,110**       **2,511,270**    **3,407,380**
  Seed**                                                   

  Domestic Corn         21,048            0                21,048

  **Grand Total**       **917,158**       **2,511,270**    **3,428,428**
  --------------------- ----------------- ---------------- ---------------

Source: National Agricultural Cooperative Federation (NACF)

Korea Dairy and Beef Farmers Association (KDBFA)

**Table 6: Rye Contracts for Green Manure**

**(Unit: Metric Ton)**

  -------------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
  Variety        2000    2001     2002     2003     2004     2005     2006

  Koolgrazer     0       600      0        714      0        794      0

  G187 Ryegrazer 0       0        400      0        0        0        0

  Wintergrazer   0       766      1,656    500      1,495    0        0
  70                                                                  

  Elbon          0       0        0        0        0        80       532

  Maton          0       0        0        700      210      933      400

  Wintermore     591     0        0        0        0        0        0

  Danko          1,037   1,888    0        0        0        540      772

  Homil22        0       0        1,888    0        0        0        0

  Wintergreen    0       0        0        2,482    2,456    3,305    2,516

  Prima          0       0        0        0        0        0        1,560

  Total          1,628   3,254    3,944    4,396    4,161    5,652    5,780
  -------------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------

Source: National Agricultural Cooperative Federation (NACF)

**Table 7: Korean Imports of Planting Seeds**

**Unit: KG, July/June Marketing Year**

+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Commodity   | **Total   |           | *        |          |       |
|             | World     |           | *Imports |          |       |
|             | Imports** |           | from the |          |       |
|             |           |           | U.S.**   |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
|             | **        | **        | **2      | **2      | ##### |
|             | 2004/05** | 2005/06** | 004/05** | 005/06** | ## Ma |
|             |           |           |          |          | rket  |
|             |           |           |          |          | Share |
|             |           |           |          |          |  ^1/\ |
|             |           |           |          |          |  (%)^ |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Corn        | 200,047   | 170,276   | 199,880  | 144,700  | 85    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Rye         | 6,200,680 | 7,370,920 | 3        | 3        | 45    |
|             |           |           | ,469,600 | ,308,920 |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Oats        | 505,780   | 552,040   | 21,840   | 99,600   | 18    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Sorghum     | 6,580     | 9,560     | 3,580    | 5,000    | 52    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Lucerne     | 43,911    | 47,348    | 17,602   | 24,159   | 51    |
| seeds       |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Clover seed | 15,340    | 28,726    | 11,960   | 20,200   | 70    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Fescue seed | 663,814   | 565,748   | 651,858  | 552,494  | 98    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Kentucky    | 346,981   | 355,747   | 346,981  | 350,077  | 98    |
| bluegrass   |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Ryegrass    | 797,556   | 813,978   | 720,792  | 806,236  | 99    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Timothy     | 5,520     | 2,020     | 4,981    | 2,020    | 100   |
| grass       |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Sudangrass  | 798,671   | 860,145   | 651,051  | 700,765  | 81    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| O           | 120,897   | 93,486    | 84,574   | 61,446   | 66    |
| rchardgrass |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Othergrass  | 1,596,410 | 3,319,319 | 38,673   | 37,777   | 1     |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Lawn seed   | 865,551   | 795,725   | 793,297  | 708,328  | 89    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| **Sub.      | **12,     | **14,     | **7,0    | **6,8    | *     |
| Total**     | 167,738** | 985,038** | 16,669** | 21,722** | *46** |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Vegetable   | 1,919,772 | 2,382,941 | 244,465  | 362,314  | 15    |
| seeds       |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Herbaceous  | 136,180   | 208,175   | 15,361   | 15,730   | 8     |
| plants      |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Seeds of    | 37,541    | 24,289    | 3,170    | 6,697    | 28    |
| other       |           |           |          |          |       |
| forest tree |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Seed of     | 91,042    | 82,153    | 35       | 58       | 0     |
| fruit tree  |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Seeds of    | 2,427     | 1,500     | 0        | 0        | 0     |
| oak         |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Other       | 413,745   | 410,991   | 65,126   | 132,513  | 32    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| **Sub.      | **        | **        | **       | **1      | *     |
| Total**     | 680,935** | 727,108** | 83,692** | 54,998** | *21** |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| **Total**   | **14,     | **18,     | **7,3    | **7,3    | *     |
|             | 768,445** | 095,087** | 44,826** | 39,034** | *41** |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+

Source: Korea Customs Service

1/ in MY 2005/06

**Table 8: Korean Imports of Planting Seeds**

**Unit: 1,000US\$, July/June Marketing Year**

+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Commodity   | **Total   |           | *        |          |       |
|             | World     |           | *Imports |          |       |
|             | Imports** |           | from the |          |       |
|             |           |           | U.S.**   |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
|             | **        | **        | **2      | **2      | ##### |
|             | 2004/05** | 2005/06** | 004/05** | 005/06** | ## Ma |
|             |           |           |          |          | rket  |
|             |           |           |          |          | Share |
|             |           |           |          |          |  ^1/\ |
|             |           |           |          |          |  (%)^ |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Corn        | 1,441     | 1,225     | 1,440    | 1,070    | 87    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Rye         | 3,528     | 4,352     | 1,952    | 1,952    | 45    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Oats        | 272       | 263       | 11       | 53       | 20    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Sorghum     | 21        | 36        | 13       | 19       | 53    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Lucerne     | 186       | 140       | 106      | 70       | 50    |
| seeds       |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Clover seed | 62        | 114       | 43       | 72       | 63    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Fescue seed | 983       | 985       | 964      | 964      | 98    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Kentucky    | 1,402     | 1,382     | 1,402    | 1,353    | 98    |
| bluegrass   |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Ryegrass    | 1,486     | 1,533     | 1,316    | 1,517    | 99    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Timothy     | 15        | 7         | 14       | 7        | 100   |
| grass       |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Sudangrass  | 1,478     | 1,553     | 936      | 1,230    | 79    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| O           | 224       | 190       | 150      | 120      | 63    |
| rchardgrass |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Othergrass  | 2,195     | 4,443     | 89       | 139      | 3     |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Lawn seed   | 1,952     | 2,395     | 1,686    | 1,939    | 81    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| **Sub.      | *         | *         | **       | **       | *     |
| Total**     | *15,245** | *18,618** | 10,122** | 10,505** | *56** |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Vegetable   | 33,036    | 38,018    | 1,991    | 2,449    | 6     |
| seeds       |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Herbaceous  | 3,306     | 3,879     | 1,247    | 1,296    | 33    |
| plants      |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Seeds of    | 317       | 311       | 103      | 175      | 56    |
| other       |           |           |          |          |       |
| forest tree |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Seed of     | 31        | 72        | 4        | 7        | 10    |
| fruit tree  |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Seeds of    | 24        | 5         | 0        | 0        | 0     |
| oak         |           |           |          |          |       |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| Other       | 1,943     | 1,578     | 117      | 357      | 23    |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| **Sub.      | **5,621** | **5,845** | *        | *        | *     |
| Total**     |           |           | *1,471** | *1,835** | *31** |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+
| **Total**   | *         | *         | **       | **       | *     |
|             | *53,902** | *62,481** | 13,584** | 14,789** | *24** |
+-------------+-----------+-----------+----------+----------+-------+

Source: Korea Customs Service

1/ In MY 2005/06

**Table 9: Korean Exports of Planting Seeds**

**Unit: KG, July/June Marketing Year**

+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Commodity      | **Exports |          | *        |         |       |
|                | to Total  |          | *Exports |         |       |
|                | World**   |          | to the   |         |       |
|                |           |          | U.S.**   |         |       |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
|                | **        | **2      | **2      | **20    | ##### |
|                | 2004/05** | 005/06** | 004/05** | 05/06** | ## Ma |
|                |           |          |          |         | rket  |
|                |           |          |          |         | Share |
|                |           |          |          |         |  ^1/\ |
|                |           |          |          |         |  (%)^ |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Fescue seed    | 274       | 6,623    | 0        | 0       | 0     |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Herbaceous     | 73,767    | 19,389   | 1,935    | 8,334   | 43    |
| plants         |           |          |          |         |       |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Vegetable seed | 349,718   | 447,131  | 14,064   | 9,454   | 2     |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Seed of fruit  | 23,426    | 4,080    | 0        | 0       | 0     |
| tree           |           |          |          |         |       |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Seed of other  | 37,534    | 3,799    | 189      | 0       | 0     |
| forest tree    |           |          |          |         |       |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Other          | 31,457    | 85,152   | 2        | 165     | 0     |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Total          | 516,176   | 566,174  | 16,190   | 17,953  | 3     |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+

Source: Korea Customs Service

1/ in MY 2005/06

**Table 10: Korean Exports of Planting Seeds**

**Unit: 1,000 US\$, July/June Marketing Year**

+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Commodity      | **Exports |          | *        |         |       |
|                | to Total  |          | *Exports |         |       |
|                | World**   |          | to the   |         |       |
|                |           |          | U.S.**   |         |       |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
|                | **        | **2      | **2      | **20    | ##### |
|                | 2004/05** | 005/06** | 004/05** | 05/06** | ## Ma |
|                |           |          |          |         | rket  |
|                |           |          |          |         | Share |
|                |           |          |          |         |  ^1/\ |
|                |           |          |          |         |  (%)^ |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Fescue seed    | 9         | 10       | 0        | 0       | 0     |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Herbaceous     | 779       | 253      | 31       | 69      | 27    |
| plants         |           |          |          |         |       |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Vegetable seed | 14,367    | 18,320   | 1,912    | 1,784   | 10    |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Seed of fruit  | 11        | 16       | 0        | 0       | 0     |
| tree           |           |          |          |         |       |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Seed of other  | 254       | 101      | 19       | 0       | 0     |
| forest tree    |           |          |          |         |       |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Other          | 31,457    | 981      | 2        | 16      | 2     |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+
| Total          | 516,176   | 19,681   | 16,190   | 1,869   | 9     |
+----------------+-----------+----------+----------+---------+-------+

Source: Korea Customs Service

1/ in MY 2005/06

**Table 11: Vegetable Seed Production**

**(Kg, Calendar Year)**

  ----------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ------------ ------------
  Commodity   CY 2004                               CY 2005                  

              Total       Local        Overseas     Total       Local        Overseas
                          Production   Production               Production   Production
                                       ^1/^                                  ^1/^

  White       699,969     257,314      442,655      862,183     267,199      594,984
  Radish                                                                     

  Chinese     117,252     94,812       22,440       212,948     150,991      61,958
  Cabbage                                                                    

  Cabbage     31,337      4,675        26,662       79,246      5,649        73,598

  Onion       28,879      3,208        25,671       34,764      5,442        29,322

  Welsh Onion 98,399      3,234        95,165       44,079      3,632        40,447

  Carrot      49,085      610          48,475       43,413      1,013        42,399

  Lettuce     35,392      473          34,919       63,575      575          63,000

  Spinach     220,770     1,220        219,550      223,501     6,258        217,243

  Red Pepper  55,441      3,266        52,175       62,969      2,578        60,391

  Tomato      1,172       20           1,152        1,663       34           1,629

  Melon       2,231       1,263        968          2,165       397          1,768

  Cucumber    6,308       695          5,613        11,446      1,019        10,427

  Water Melon 16,501      1,051        15,450       12,443      889          11,553

  Squash      34,404      1,238        33,166       98,068      2,657        95,411

  Total       1,397,140   373,079      1,024,061    1,752,462   448,332      1,304,130
  ----------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ------------ ------------

Source: Korean Seed Association

1/ Korea Seed Association includes overseas production in total
vegetable seed production in Korea because local seed companies
cultivated the seed abroad and then imported it into Korea.

**Table 12 - Korea: Vegetable Seed Imports**

**(Kg, Calendar Year)**

  ------------- ----------- --------- ------------ ----------- --------- ------------
  Commodity     CY 2004                            CY 2005               

                Total       Pure      Overseas     Total       Pure      Overseas
                Imports     Imports   Production   Imports     Imports   Production
                                      ^1/^                               ^1/^

  White Radish  575,503     132,848   442,655      764,184     169,201   594,984

  Chinese       22,440      0         22,440       61,959      1         61,958
  Cabbage                                                                

  Cabbage       26,793      131       26,662       74,286      689       73,598

  Onion         32,718      7,047     25,671       37,704      8,382     29,322

  Welsh Onion   104,216     9,051     95,165       47,494      7,047     40,447

  Carrot        56,765      8,290     48,475       48,726      6,327     42,399

  Lettuce       35,553      634       34,919       63,152      152       63,000

  Spinach       331,934     112,384   219,550      403,036     185,793   217,243

  Red Pepper    52,296      121       52,175       60,450      58        60,392

  Tomato        1,269       117       1,152        1,774       145       1,628

  Melon         968         0         968          1,768       0         1,768

  Cucumber      5,639       26        5,613        10,433      6         10,427

  Water Melon   15,450      0         15,450       11,553      0         11,553

  Squash        38,148      4,982     33,166       108,230     12,819    95,411

  Total         1,299,692   275,631   1,024,061    1,694,750   930,620   1,304,130
  ------------- ----------- --------- ------------ ----------- --------- ------------

Source: Korean Seed Association

1/ Imports that Korean seed companies cultivated abroad

Table 13: CY 2006 List of National Recommended Cultivars of Grass and
Forage

**(As of end June 2006**)

  ------------------- -----------------------------------------------------
  Grasses             

  Orchard grass       Potomac, Frode, Frontier, Ambassador, Hallmark,
                      Summer Green, Amba, Warrior, 93E.

  Tall Fescue         Fawn, Alta, Festorina, Felopa, AU-Triumph, Cajun,
                      Montebello.

  Timothy             Climax, Clair, OdenWalder, Hokuo, Kunpu, Liphlea.

  Perennialryegrass   Norlea, Taptoe, Reveille, Bastion, Ellett, Bison,
                      Tetrelite, Friend.

  Kentucky Bluegrass  Kenblue, Monopoly

  Red Top             Streaker

  Reed Canary Grass   Frontier, Venture, Vantage.

  Meadow Fescue       Joma

  Bromgrass           Regar

  Legumes             

  Alfalfa             Pacer, Scout, Team, Luna, Vernal, 5444, Drummor,
                      Kitawakaba

  White Clover        California Ladino, Regal.

  Red Clover          Kenland, Titus, Atlas, TR2000.

  Birdsfoottrefoil    Empire, Viking.

  Forage Crops        

  Corn                P3394, P3156, P3163, P3223, P3310, P3130, P36H36,
                      P32P75, P33F18, P33J56, 32K26, 31A12, 32R42, 32K61,
                      31G20, DK689, DK729, DK713, DK501, DK720S, DK537,
                      DK754S, DK697, DKC61-24, DK705, G4743, G4655, NC5514,
                      NC7117, NC4880, NC6440, NC738, GW6959, GW737, GW5018,
                      GW6300, GW785, Garst8342, Garst8396IT, Garst8285,
                      Garst New 8640, N73-Q3, EXP874, PP3303, 34H31, 33D31,
                      31N27.

  Sorghum‑Sudan grass P855F, P877F, Jumbo, TE‑Haygrazer, Sordan 79,
  Hybrid              GW9110G, GW104G, GW9161F, SX‑17, Speed Feed, G‑7,
                      Turbo 9, Turbo10, TE-Evergreen, Betta Grazer,
                      AG2501[,]{.underline} Dairyman's Dream[,]{.underline}
                      PAC F 8350, Cow Pow, LF1.

  Sorghum‑Sorghum     SS405, KF429, Mega Sweet.
  Hybrid              

  Rye                 Koolgrazer, Elbon, Vita‑graze, Bonel, Athens-Abruzzi,
                      Maton, Wrens abruzzi, Wintermore, Danko, Wintergrazer
                      70, Luchs, Olkon, Bates, Humbolt, MAC Blue, Barr
                      Grazer, Barr Grain Master, GI85Ryegrazer,
                      GI87Ryegrazer, Lovaszdatonai, Wintergreen, Jlee
                      Select, 9909 Green Power, Spooner, **Wheeler**,
                      **Prima**, **Musketeer**.

  Oats                Cayuse, Magum, Foothill, West (Speed Oat), Murray,
                      Swan, Ensiler, Yilgarn, Palinup, Cashel, Irwin, Dane,
                      Troy, A.C. Juniper, Hayabusa, Enterprise, Nugene,
                      Sesqui, Wabasha, AGL4101.

  Forage Rape         Akela, Velox, Ramon, Sparta, Barnapoli, Ember**.**

  Italian rye grass   Dalita, Tetrone, Barmultra, Tetraflorum, Gordo,
                      Sikem, Bartissimo, Wilo, Combita, Tosca, Florida 80,
                      Tachiwase, Marshall, Grazer, TAM90, Typhoon, Ribeye,
                      Jivet.
  ------------------- -----------------------------------------------------

Source: National Agricultural Cooperative Federation (NACF)

Note: Entries in boldface are new as of June 2006.

**Table 14: Genera and Species Eligible for Protection**

+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| Effective Date  | Genera and Species                                 |
+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| December 31,    | Paddy rice, Wheat, Barely, Soybean, Corn, Potato,  |
| 1997            | Radish, Chinese cabbage, Cabbage, Water melon,     |
|                 | Squash, Hot pepper, Tomato, Cucumber, Melon, Welsh |
| (27             | onion, Onion, Carrot, Spinach, Lettuce, Apple,     |
| Genera/Species) | Pear, Peach, Plain cactus, Rye grass, Tall fescue, |
|                 | Red clover                                         |
+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| May, 1, 2000    | Oat, Sweet Potato, Melon, Broccoli, Cauliflower,   |
|                 | Grapevine, Yuzu (citrus), Lisianthus, Petunia,     |
| (30             | Godetia, Impatiens, Hyacinth, Cyclamen, Forsythia, |
| Genera/Species) | Hibiscus, Alstroemeria, Snapdragon, Pansy, Daisy,  |
|                 | Lisianthus, Ajuga Multiflora, Sesame, Perilla,     |
|                 | Groundnut, Rape, Angelica Gigas, Astragalus        |
|                 | Membranaceus, Pleurotus (Mushroom), Orchard Grass, |
|                 | Ginseng                                            |
+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| July 1, 2001    | Dendrobium, Aerides japonicum, Neofinettia         |
|                 | falcata, Calanthe discolor, Rose, Lily,            |
| (31             | Chrysanthemum, Iris, Gladiolus, Tulip, Poinsettia, |
| Genera/Species) | Celosia, Stock, Zinnia, Myosotis alpestris,        |
|                 | Senecio cruentus, Nasturtium, Pot marigold,        |
|                 | Lobularia maritama, Ageratum, Hemerocallis,        |
|                 | Rehmannia glutinosa, Lycium, Dioscorea, Bupleurum  |
|                 | Falcatum, Platycodon grandiflorum, Cassia,         |
|                 | Cnidium, Liriope Platyphylla, Angelica dahurica,   |
|                 | Saposhnikovia                                      |
+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| July 1, 2002    | Rye, Adzuki bean, Mungbean, pea, Egg plant, Gourd, |
|                 | Pakchoi, Sterelitzia, Cattleya, Oncidium, Hosta,   |
| (25             | Campanula, Pelargonium, Paeonia Suffruticosa,      |
| Genera/Species) | Kalanchoe, Chamecereus, Ganoderma, Angelica        |
|                 | koreana, Pleuropterus, Alisma, Scutellaria,        |
|                 |                                                    |
|                 | Paeonia lactiflora, Carthamus, Codonopsis, kiwi    |
|                 | fruit                                              |
+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| December 1,     | Kidney bean, Job's tears, Mustard, Turnip rape,    |
| 2004 (42        | Kohlrabi, Edible chrysanthemum, Dahlia, Allium,    |
| Genera/Species) | Imperial fritillary, Gloxinia, Common calla, Blue  |
|                 | grape hyacinth, Ornithogalum, Anthurium, Crocus,   |
|                 | Amaryllis, Royal azalea, Common camellia,          |
|                 | Hydrangea, Carnation, Gerbera, Gypsophila, Kaffir  |
|                 | lily, Sea lavendar, Begonia, Bachelor's button,    |
|                 | Moth-orchid, Aquilegia, Campanula punctata         |
|                 | lamarck, Campanula takesimana Nakai, Rough         |
|                 | gentian, Gentiana, Aster, Spring orchid, Winter    |
|                 | orchid, Chinese pink, Freesia, Schizandra,         |
|                 | Angelica acutiloba, Atractylis, Cnidium, Phellinus |
+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| 2006 plan       | Buck wheat, Strawberry, Chinese leek, Kale, Swiss  |
|                 | chard, Whorlde mallow, Chicory, Endive, Aralia     |
| (31             | continentalis root, Tangshen, Coco grass, Common   |
| Genera/Species) | anemarrhena, Cape-jasmine, Alfalfa, Plumed         |
|                 | thistle, Rocket larkspur, Drumond phlox, Ficus,    |
|                 | Corn plant, Dracaena, Philodendron, Tillandsia,    |
|                 | Cymbidium, Poppy anemone, Clematis, Common         |
|                 | lantana, Cattail gayfeather, Desert rose, Trailing |
|                 | maidenhair, Osmunda, Peperomia                     |
+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+

Source: National Seed Management Office (NSMO)

**Table 15: Application and Registration Status of Plant Variety
Protection**

**(As of May 31, 2006)**

  -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
  Item           Genera and     Application    Rejection      Registration
                 Species                                      

  **Total**      **96**         **2,666**      **214**        **1,592**

  Food Grains    12             495            9              381

  Vegetables     21             426            43             189

  Fruits         6              134            9              81

  Flowers        33             1,454          143            825

  Forage         3              15             1              6

  Special Crops  16             123            7              100

  Mushrooms      3              19             2              10
  -------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- --------------

Source: National Seed Management Office (NSMO)

**Table 16: Application and Registration Status of Plant Variety
Protection**

**F**or 2001-2006

  ------------ ------------- ----------- -------------- ------------- ----------- --------------
               **By 2001**                              **2002**                  

  Item         Application   Rejection   Registration   Application   Rejection   Registration

  **Total**    611           9           255            602           3           76

  Food Grains  276           2           205            49            1           48

  Vegetables   113           7           23             53            2           15

  Fruits       65            0           26             10            0           2

  Flowers      79            0           0              473           0           9

  Forage       4             0           1              0             0           0

  Special      71            0           0              17            0           2
  Crops                                                                           

  Mushrooms    3             0           0              0             0           0

               **2003**                                 **2004**                  

  Item         Application   Rejection   Registration   Application   Rejection   Registration

  **Total**    463           28          310            262           78          477

  Food Grains  42            2           41             34            1           47

  Vegetables   57            4           36             83            13          32

  Fruits       18            4           19             9             2           5

  Flowers      329           17          152            122           56          361

  Forage       4             0           3              1             0           2

  Special      9             0           56             8             6           28
  Crops                                                                           

  Mushrooms    4             1           3              5             0           2

               **2005**                                 **2006 ^a/^**             

  Item         Application   Rejection   Registration   Application   Rejection   Registration

  **Total**    533           75          311            195 (194)     21          163

  Food Grains  48            3           27             46 (40)       0           13

  Vegetables   79            12          45             41 (33)       5           38

  Fruits       18            1           14             14 (17)       0           15

  Flowers      369           56          214            82 (92)       14          89

  Forage       2             1           0              4 (2)         0           0

  Special      13            1           7              5 (8)         0           7
  Crops                                                                           

  Mushrooms    4             1           4              3 (2)         0           1
  ------------ ------------- ----------- -------------- ------------- ----------- --------------

Source: National Seed Management Office (NSMO)

a/ as of May 31, numbers in parentheses are application numbers in the
same period of the previous year.

**Table 17 - Korea: Number of Title Granted by Crop for CY 2000-2005
(top 10 crops)**

+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| Or  | **By 2000     |    | **2001**      |    | **2002**      |    |
| der | ^a/^**        |    |               |    |               |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 1   | Rice          | 91 | Oriental      | 5  | Rice          | 22 |
|     |               |    | melon         |    |               |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 2   | Soybean       | 42 | Radish        | 4  | Soybean       | 10 |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 3   | Barley        | 39 | Chinese       | 4  | Cactus        | 9  |
|     |               |    | cabbage       |    |               |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 4   | Corn          | 16 | Pepper        | 3  | Chinese       | 8  |
|     |               |    |               |    | cabbage       |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 5   | Pear          | 15 | Soybean       | 2  | Potato        | 6  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 6   | Wheat         | 12 | Water melon   | 2  | Barley        | 5  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 7   | Apple         | 6  | Pumpkin       | 1  | Radish        | 5  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 8   | Peach         | 5  | Lettuce       | 1  | Corn          | 4  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 9   | Potato        | 3  |               |    | Ginseng       | 2  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 10  | Radish        | 1  |               |    | Sweet potato  | 1  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
|     | Cucumber      | 1  |               |    | Pepper        | 1  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
|     | Pumpkin       | 1  |               |    | Pumpkin       | 1  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
|     | Italian       | 1  |               |    | Apple         | 1  |
|     | ryegrass      |    |               |    |               |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
|     |               |    |               |    | Pear          | 1  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
|     | Total of the  | 2  | Total of the  | 22 | Total of the  | 76 |
|     | top 10        | 33 | top 10        |    | top 10        |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
|     | Total Titles  | 2  | Total Titles  | 22 | Total Titles  | 76 |
|     | Granted       | 33 | Granted       |    | Granted       |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| Or  | **2003**      |    | **2004**      |    | **2005**      |    |
| der |               |    |               |    |               |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 1   | Rose          | 80 | Rose          | 1  | Rose          | 71 |
|     |               |    |               | 94 |               |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 2   | Sesame        | 19 | Chrysanthemum | 1  | Chrysanthemum | 39 |
|     |               |    |               | 00 |               |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 3   | Perilla       | 16 | G             | 26 | Petunia       | 34 |
|     |               |    | ymnocalycium- |    |               |    |
|     |               |    |               |    |               |    |
|     |               |    | mihanovichii  |    |               |    |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 4   | Peanut        | 16 | Rice          | 14 | Kalanchoe     | 33 |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 5   | Poinsettia    | 15 | Gladiolus     | 11 | Impatiens     | 13 |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 6   | Cactus        | 14 | Potato        | 10 | Lily          | 11 |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 7   | Chrysanthemum | 11 | Soybean       | 8  | Rice          | 10 |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 8   | Impatiens     | 11 | Barley        | 7  | Water melon   | 10 |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 9   | Rice          | 10 | Pepper        | 7  | Peach         | 8  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
| 10  | Peach         | 10 | Petunia       | 7  | Soybean       | 7  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
|     |               |    | Perilla       | 7  | Pepper        | 7  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
|     |               |    |               |    | Poinsettia    | 7  |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
|     | Total of the  | 2  | Total of the  | 3  | Total of the  | 2  |
|     | top 10        | 02 | top 10        | 91 | top 10        | 50 |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+
|     | Total Titles  | 3  | Total Titles  | 4  | Total Titles  | 3  |
|     | Granted       | 10 | Granted       | 77 | Granted       | 11 |
+-----+---------------+----+---------------+----+---------------+----+

Source: National Seed Management Office (NSMO)

a/ cumulative

**Table 18: The Status of National Variety List**

  ----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------
  Items                   Application             Registration ^1/^

  Rice                    123                     163 (78)

  Barley                  35                      71 (40)

  Soybean                 60                      88 (42)

  Corn                    58                      32 (9)

  Potato                  35                      34 (7)

  Total                   311                     388 (176)
  ----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------

Source: National Seed Management Office (NSMO)

1/ included variety numbers in parentheses that were registered into
national recommendation list under old regulations.

**Table 19: Regulated Weeds List**

  ------- ------------------------------ --------------------------------
          Scientific Name                Common Name

  1       Amsinckia intermedia           Coast fiddleneck

  2       Cenchrus longispinus(Hack.)    Longspine sandbur
          Fern.                          

  3       Centaurea repens L.            Russian Knapweed

  4       Cirsium arvense(L.) Scop.      Canada thistle

  5       Cirsium vulgare                Spear thistle

  6       Conium maculatum               Hemlock

  7       Cuscuta spp.                   Dodder

  8       Geranium dissectum             Cut-leaved cranesbill

  9       Myosotis arvensis              Field forget-me not

  10      Picris echioides               Bristly ox-tongue

  11      Sherardia arvensis             Field madder

  12      Xanthium spinosum L.           Prickly burweed
  ------- ------------------------------ --------------------------------

Source: National Plant Quarantine Service

**Table 19: Applied Tariff Schedule for Planting Seeds**

**(Percent)**

  ------------- -------------- --------- ---------- -------------- --------- ---------- --------------
  Commodity                    2005                                2006                 
  H.S. Code                                                                             

                               General   In-Quota   Out-of-quota   General   In-Quota   Out-of-quota
                               rate      rate       rate           rate      rate       rate

  Peas          0713.10.1000   27        na         na             27        na         na

  Beans         0713.31.1000   30        30         607.5          30        30         607.5

  Red Beans     0713.32.1000   30        30         420.8          30        30         420.8

  Kidney Beans  0713.33.1000   27.9      na         na             27        na         na

  Wheat         1001.90.9010   1.8       na         na             1.8       na         na

  Rye ^1/^      1002.00.1000   3(0)      3          108.7          3(0)      3          108.7

  Oats ^1/^     1004.00.1000   3(0)      3          554.8          3(0)      3          554.8

  Forage Corn   1005.10.0000   0         0          328            0         0          328
  ^2/^                                                                                  

  Sweet Corn    0712.90.2091   0         0          370            0         0          370
  ^2^                                                                                   

  Sorghum ^1/^  1007.00.0000   3(0)      3          779.4          3(0)      3          779.4

  Millet ^1/^   1008.20.1010   3(0)      3          18             3(0)      3          18

  All Seeds     1209.xx.xxxx   0         na         na             0         na         na
  ------------- -------------- --------- ---------- -------------- --------- ---------- --------------

Source: Korea Customs Research Institute, Tariff Schedules of Korea

1/ Number in parentheses is a temporary duty. Commodity imported under
the reduced tariff policy. CMA annual quota through 2004 for the
respective commodity is as follows: Rye ‑ 1,327.3 mt, Oats ‑ 597.3 mt,
Sorghum ‑ 13.7 mt, Millet - 0.4 MT and Beans -- 14,694 mt under unifying
HS 0713.31.1000, 0713.31.9000, 0713.32.1000, and 0713.32.9000.

2/ Corn seed for forage and sweet corn is imported at free tariff rate
for 247 MT of CMA quota.

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