**Mississippi Bayous Rapid Watershed Assessment, Kentucky**

**HUC 08010100 and 08010201**

**December 2007**

**Introduction**

The watersheds that empty into the Mississippi River, located in far
Western Kentucky, make up the area of this Rapid Watershed Assessment.
The approximately 738,000 acre project area lies in Ballard, Calloway,
Carlisle, Fulton, Graves, Hickman, and McCracken Counties in Kentucky.
These watersheds are part of the Mississippi Gulf Costal Plain and are
immediately downstream of the confluence of the Mississippi River and
the Ohio River. Land ownership is mostly private. There is a small
acreage owned by the Kentucky Nature Preservations Commission, five
Wildlife Management Areas owned by the Kentucky Department of Fish and
Wildlife Resources, and Columbus-- Belmont State Park. Urban development
pressure is almost non-existent within the project area.

> ![](media/image1.jpeg){width="5.114583333333333in"
> height="3.959722222222222in"}

  ------------- ------------------------- ----------- ----------- ------------
  **Kentucky                                                      
  2007 Rapid                                                      
  Watershed                                                       
  Assessment                                                      
  Project                                                         
  Area**                                                          

  **11 digit    **HUC Name**              **8 digit   **Acres**   **Square
  HUC**                                   HUC**                   Miles**

  08010100050   Mississippi River         08010100    17089.86    26.703

  08010100040   Mississippi River         08010100    13242.23    20.691

  08010201050   Bayou de Chien            08010201    134125.54   209.572

  08010201040   Obion Creek               08010201    205866.82   321.665

  08010201020   West Fork of Mayfield     08010201    45780.13    71.530
                Creek                                             

  08010100030   Mississippi River         08010100    34899.34    54.531

  08010201030   Mayfield Creek            08010201    42455.26    66.336

  08010201010   Mayfield Creek            08010201    191937.98   299.899

  08010100020   Mississippi River         08010100    32803.49    51.255

  08010100010   Sandy Slough              08010100    20632.38    32.238
  ------------- ------------------------- ----------- ----------- ------------

**Kentucky's Western Tip**. The RWA project area is in the Jackson
Purchase Region**,** part of greater Gulf Plains Region that starts at
the Gulf of Mexico and extends north to Illinois. This area is bordered
on the east by Kentucky Lake. To the north is the Ohio River; to the
west, the Mississippi River. This area is characterized by flood plains
with low hills. The Mississippi River crosses the Madrid Fault zone
here. Severe earthquakes in 1811 and 1812 actually caused the
Mississippi River to flow backwards.

> ![](media/image2.jpeg){width="6.666666666666667in" height="3.0625in"}
>
> <http://www.uky.edu/KGS/geoky/>

**Geology** In RWA project area counties, water is obtained from
unconsolidated sediments of the Tertiary and Quaternary ages. The oldest
geologic formation exposed on the surface in Graves County is the
Tertiary Porters Creek Formation. The oldest geologic formation exposed
on the surface in the other four counties is the Tertiary Claiborne
Formation.

The Tertiary began 70 million years ago, and deposits consisted of
marine and fresh to brackish-water sediments. The distribution of
deposits indicates that the area was near the northern limit of the Gulf
embayment (also called Mississippi Embayment). Portions of the embayment
must have been swampy because thin beds of lignite (brown coal) and
carbonaceous clays occur in the western half of the eight-county Jackson
Purchase area. These geological deposits are a marked contrast to the
underlying older hard rocks, because most of the Cretaceous and younger
sediments remain unconsolidated and soft. Over the last one million
years unconsolidated Quaternary sediments have been deposited along the
larger streams and rivers. (Kentucky Geological Survey)

**2001 Land Use / Land Cover** The principle land cover in the
watersheds is cropland. Major crops are corn and soybeans with small
acreages of wheat, tobacco, milo, cotton, and rice. The grasslands are
utilized for pasture, hay, or recreation. There are no open prairies
even though portions of this region were once home to large native grass
barrens. Of the project area, approximately 47% is cropland, 21% is
forested, 13% is grassland, 9.5% is wetlands, 5% is developed and 4 % is
water.

![](media/image3.jpeg){width="7.74375in" height="5.990972222222222in"}

  ------------------------- --------- ------------------------- ----------
  **Land Use by Acres,                                          
  Kentucky RWA Project                                          
  Area**                                                        

  Land Use                  acres     Land Use                  acres

  Cultivated Crops          348,557   Shrub/Scrub               4,289

  Deciduous Forest          143,268   Grassland/Herbaceous      2,881

  Pasture/Hay               91,799    Developed, Low Intensity  2,868

  Woody Wetlands            59,649    Developed, Medium         881
                                      Intensity                 

  Open Water                32,438    Barren Land               464

  Developed, Open Space     31,578    Developed, High Intensity 401

  Emergent Herbaceous       10,483    Mixed Forest              16
  Wetlands                                                      

  Evergreen Forest          9,172     TOTAL                     738,742
  ------------------------- --------- ------------------------- ----------

![](media/image4.wmf){width="7.0881944444444445in"
height="4.526388888888889in"}

  -------------- ----------------- -------------------- --------- ----------
  **County**     **Acres In the    **Acres Out of the   **%In**   **%Out**
                 RWA Project       RWA Project Area**             
                 Area**                                           

  Ballard        85,270            89,869               49        51

  Calloway       3,630             259,031              1         99

  Carlisle       127,315           0                    100       0

  Fulton         104,995           42,421               71        29

  Graves         244,260           111,822              69        31

  Hickman        159,755           2,141                99        1

  McCracken      13,530            157,899              8         92

  Totals:        738,755\*         663,182                        
  -------------- ----------------- -------------------- --------- ----------

> Discrepancies in the various geographic information system calculated
> totals are due to boundary variations at the Mississippi River. The
> ten 11-digit HUCs within this RWA cover a portion of seven counties
> ranging from 100% of Carlisle County to 1% of Calloway County.
> Analysis of data within this RWA is focused on watershed-specific
> information when obtainable and county level data for major counties
> within the RWA project.
>
> ![](media/image5.wmf){width="7.999305555555556in" height="5.45625in"}

  -------------------------------- ------------- -------------- ------------------- ------------ ---------------
  **County Agriculture Data, NASS, **Ballard**   **Carlisle**   **Fulton**          **Graves**   **Hickman**
  2002**                                                                                         

  Farms (number)                   486           380            193                 1,712        347

  Land in farms (acres)            113,017       107,446        112,130             299,620      125,273

  Average size of farm (acres)     233           283            581                 175          361

  Total cropland (acres)           89,783        84,237         100,727             225,309      102,117

  Cattle and calves inventory      9,393         5,981          1775                17,092       3,701
  (number)                                                                                       

  Cattle and calves sold (number)  4,764         3,132          1,050               10,855       2,098

  Hogs and pigs inventory (number) 7,312         15,848         \-\-\-\-\-\--       17,600       \-\-\-\-\-\--

  Hogs and pigs sold (number)      14,658        33,769         \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--   50,921       2,852

  Broilers and other meat-type     8,954,738     6,175,020      5,172,637           47,281,584   26,439,808
  chickens sold (number)                                                                         

  Corn for grain (acres)           22,422        23,497         24,629              59,829       39,325

  Soybeans for beans (acres)       39,814        37,548         65,643              69,967       45,188

  Forage - hay and all haylage,    7,176         5,498          1,920               14,488       2,840
  grass silage (acres)                                                                           
  -------------------------------- ------------- -------------- ------------------- ------------ ---------------

  --------------------------------- ------------- -------------- ------------ ------------ -------------
  **County Summary Data, Kentucky   **Ballard**   **Carlisle**   **Fulton**   **Graves**   **Hickman**
  Department of Agriculture, 2005**                                                        

  Corn, Acres Harvested             26,700        21,100         26,400       61,000       41,200

  Soybeans, Acres Harvested         39,000        27,500         54,000       62,000       46,000

  All Cattle and Calves (number)    9,000         5,500          1,600        16,800       4,000

  Beef Cows                         5,200         2,900          1,000        7,700        2,100

  Milk Production- Lbs.             5,300         4,600          \-\-\--      15,000       \-\-\--

  County Ranking for Cash Receipts- 16            22             14           4            11
  Crops                                                                                    

  County Ranking for Cash           19            34             41           3            6
  Receipts - Livestock                                                                     

  County Ranking for Cash           23            30             26           3            6
  Receipts - Total                                                                         
  --------------------------------- ------------- -------------- ------------ ------------ -------------

**Local Stakeholder Participation**

On August 9, 2007, a Four Rivers Basin Team and Stakeholder Meeting
identified high priority local concerns within the RWA project area.

  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
  **Identified Concern**              **Group Comments**

  Siltation and Streambank            Serious Issue. More conservation
  Restoration                         work needed including state
                                      cost-share, NRCS programs, and
                                      Streambank
                                      stabilization/restoration.

  Wetland Protection                  Wetland Reserve Program
                                      participation good, concern over
                                      new appraisal process used by NRCS

  Flooding and floodplain management  Urban and rural flooding still
                                      problematic. Concern over continued
                                      construction in floodplains.

  Construction of Confined Animal     Residents of Hickman and Fulton
  Feeding Operations (CAFOs)          Counties expressed concern over the
                                      construction of nine CAFOs
  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

In July 2006, the Kentucky Division of Water issued construction permits
for nine swine feeding operations in Fulton, Hickman and Carlisle
Counties. Each proposed facilities would manage approximately 4,960 hogs
in barns with animal waste pits below each barn. The waste would be
managed by land application in accordance with approved plans.

Other concerns were erosion, surface compaction, and soil productivity
and health. Conservation practices identified by stakeholders as needed
were grade stabilization structures, conservation tillage, buffers,
nutrient management, diversions, grassed waterways, pest management,
wetland restoration, forest planting. Practices identified as needed on
pasturelands were prescribed grazing, watering systems, fencing, manage
livestock access to streams, pasture planting, nutrient management, and
hayland plantings.

### Partners and potential partners to address resource concerns within the RWA project area: 

### [Local Level:]{.underline} Four Rivers Basin Team, Ballard County Conservation District, Calloway County Conservation District, Carlisle County Conservation District, Fulton County Conservation District, Graves County Conservation District, McCracken County Conservation District

### 

### [State Level:]{.underline} Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, Kentucky Farm Bureau Federation, Kentucky Division of Water

### 

### [National Level:]{.underline} USDA Farm Service Agency, US Fish and Wildlife Service, The Nature Conservancy, Quail Unlimited, Ducks Unlimited, National Wild Turkey Federation

> ![](media/image6.jpeg){width="7.490972222222222in" height="5.7875in"}

  -------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------
  **[Farmland Classification of the Kentucky 2007 RWA Project    **[Acres]{.underline}**
  Area (from SSURGO)]{.underline}**                              

  Not prime farmland                                             264,712

  All areas of prime farmland                                    246,643

  Prime farmland if drained                                      45,254

  Prime farmland if drained and either protected from flooding   99,224
  or not frequently flooded during the growing season            

  Prime farmland if protected from flooding or not frequently    37,843
  flooded during the growing season                              

  Farmland of statewide importance                               [44,825]{.underline}

  **Total:**                                                     **738, 502**
  -------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------

> ![](media/image7.jpeg){width="7.490972222222222in" height="5.7875in"}

  ------------------------------ ------------- -------------- --------------
  **Cropland Landcover by HUC 11                              
  Basin**                                                     

  HUC_NAME                       Cropland      Total HUC      Percent
                                 Acres         Acres          Cropland

  Bayou de Chien                 76,925        134,126        57%

  Mayfield Creek                 110,381       234,393        47%

  Mississippi River              26,410        98,035         27%

  Obion Creek                    97,605        205,867        47%

  Sandy Slough                   10,817        20,632         52%

  West Fork of Mayfield Creek    26,202        45,780         57%

  **Total:**                     **348,340**   **738,833**    **47%**
  ------------------------------ ------------- -------------- --------------

> ![](media/image8.jpeg){width="7.490972222222222in" height="5.7875in"}

  --------------------- ------------- ----------------- ------------------
  **Highly Erodible                                     
  Land Soils by HUC 11                                  
  Basin**                                               

  HUC_NAME              HEL Acres     Total HUC Acres   Percent HEL Soils

  Bayou de Chien        88,496        134126            66%

  Mayfield Creek        140,392       234393            60%

  Mississippi River     23,941        98035             24%

  Obion Creek           134,213       205867            65%

  Sandy Slough          4,883         20632             24%

  West Fork of Mayfield 31,845        45780             70%
  Creek                                                 

  **Total:**            **423,770**   **738833**        **57%**
  --------------------- ------------- ----------------- ------------------

> The erodibility index (EI) for a soil map unit is determined by
> dividing the potential erodibility for the soil map unit by the soil
> loss tolerance (T) value established for the soil in the Field Office
> Technical Guide (FOTG). A soil map unit with an EI of 8 or greater is
> considered to be Highly Erodible Land (HEL). Potential erodibility is
> based on default values for rainfall amount and intensity, percent and
> length of slope, surface texture and organic matter, permeability, and
> plant cover. Actual erodibility and EI for any specific map unit
> depends on the actual values for these properties.
>
> ![](media/image9.jpeg){width="6.621527777777778in"
> height="5.098611111111111in"}

  ------------------------ ------------- ---------------- ------------------
  **Cropland on HEL by HUC                                
  11 Basin**                                              

  HUC_NAME                 HEL Acres     Total HUC Acres  Percent HEL
                                                          Cropland

  Bayou de Chien           55,326        134,126          41%

  Mayfield Creek           62,381        234,393          27%

  Mississippi River        8,706         98,035           9%

  Obion Creek              61,156        205,867          30%

  Sandy Slough             4,206         20,632           20%

  West Fork of Mayfield    16,861        45,780           37%
  Creek                                                   

  **Total:**               **208,636**   **738,833**      **28%**
  ------------------------ ------------- ---------------- ------------------

**The Wetland Reserve Program** **(WRP)** There are 4069 acres of
enrolled easements within the RWA project area as of November 2007. WRP
acres by watershed are shown below preceded by a map showing generalized
locations of current WRP sites.

![](media/image10.jpeg){width="7.590972222222222in"
height="5.904166666666667in"}

  ----------------------- ----------------------- ------------------------
  **Watershed Name**      **Counties**            **Current enrolled WRP
                                                  Acres**

  Mississippi River HUCs  Carlisle, Fulton,       1775
                          Hickman                 

  Running Slough          Fulton                  941

  Bayou de Chien          Fulton, Hickman, Graves 409

  Obion                   Carlisle, Hickman,      630
                          Graves                  

  Mayfield, including     Ballard, Carlisle,      314
  West Fork of Mayfield   Graves, McCracken       

  Sandy Slough            Ballard                 41
  ----------------------- ----------------------- ------------------------

**Hydric/ Partially Hydric Soils.** Hydric soils are defined by the
National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils (NTCHS) as "soils that
formed under conditions of saturation, flooding, or ponding long enough
during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper
part" (Federal Register 1994). These soils, under natural conditions,
are either saturated or inundated long enough during the growing season
to support the growth and reproduction of hydrophytic vegetation. If
soils are wet enough for a long enough period of time to be considered
hydric, they should exhibit certain properties that can be easily
observed in the field.

> ![](media/image11.jpeg){width="7.490972222222222in" height="5.7875in"}

  ------------------------- ------------- ---------------- -------------------
  **Soils Which Potentially                                
  Meet WRP Eligibility                                     
  Criteria by HUC 11                                       
  Basin**                                                  

  HUC Name                  Acres         Total HUC Acres  Percent Within HUC

  Bayou de Chien            37,212        134,126          28%

  Mayfield Creek            43,975        234,393          19%

  Mississippi River         30,736        98,035           31%

  Obion Creek               43,185        205,867          21%

  Sandy Slough              7,705         20,632           37%

  West Fork of Mayfield     7,649         45,780           17%
  Creek                                                    

  **Total:**                **170,463**   **738,833**      **23%**
  ------------------------- ------------- ---------------- -------------------

> ![](media/image12.jpeg){width="7.864583333333333in"
> height="6.084722222222222in"}

  -------------------------- --------------------- -------------------- --------------------
  **Cropland on Soils Which                                             
  Potentially Meet WRP                                                  
  Eligibility Criteria by                                               
  HUC 11 Basin**                                                        

  *(Cropland occurring on                                               
  Soils either Hydric or                                                
  Somewhat poorly drained                                               
  with hydric inclusions)*                                              

  [HUC_NAME]{.underline}     [Acres]{.underline}   [Total HUC           [Percent Within
                                                   Acres]{.underline}   HUC]{.underline}

  Bayou de Chien             17,835                134,126              13%

  Mayfield Creek             21,194                234,393              9%

  Mississippi River          10,100                98,035               10%

  Obion Creek                22,181                205,867              11%

  Sandy Slough               2,163                 20,632               10%

  West Fork of Mayfield      5,483                 45,780               12%
  Creek                                                                 

  **Total:**                 **78,954**            **738,833**          **11%**
  -------------------------- --------------------- -------------------- --------------------

+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
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+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 1 | 100-Comprehensive Nutrient Plans  |    |    |     | 6  | 6   |
| 0 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
| 0 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 2 | 201-Managed Hay/Grazing           |    |    |     | 2  | 290 |
| 0 |                                   |    |    |     | 90 |     |
| 1 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 313-Waste Storage Facility no.    |    |    |     | 5  | 5   |
| 1 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
| 3 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 327-Conservation Cover Ac         | 3  | 6  | 260 | 3  | 4,  |
| 2 |                                   | ,2 | 60 |     | 54 | 502 |
| 7 |                                   | 28 |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 328-Conservation Crop Rotation Ac | 8  | 14 | 14, | 11 | 48, |
| 2 |                                   | ,6 | ,1 | 330 | ,5 | 567 |
| 8 |                                   | 19 | 10 |     | 08 |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 329A-C-Residue Management Ac      | 8  | 12 | 11, | 5  | 38, |
| 2 |                                   | ,2 | ,8 | 775 | ,7 | 614 |
| 9 |                                   | 67 | 70 |     | 02 |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 330-Contour Farming Ac            | 8  | 10 | 11, | 5  | 36, |
| 3 |                                   | ,6 | ,5 | 163 | ,8 | 162 |
| 0 |                                   | 19 | 17 |     | 63 |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 340-Cover Crop Ac                 | 5  | 2  | 3,  | 3  | 9,  |
| 4 |                                   | 16 | ,7 | 397 | ,3 | 979 |
| 0 |                                   |    | 07 |     | 59 |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 342-Critical Area Planting Ac     | 3  | 2  | 5   |    | 10  |
| 4 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
| 2 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 344-Residue Management, Seasonal  | 3  | 7  | 10, | 6  | 29, |
| 4 | Ac                                | ,7 | ,9 | 815 | ,5 | 029 |
| 4 |                                   | 85 | 02 |     | 27 |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 345-Residue and Tillage           |    |    |     | 3  | 304 |
| 4 | Management, Ac                    |    |    |     | 04 |     |
| 5 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 356-Dike Ft                       | 1  | 2  | 1,  | 2  | 8,  |
| 5 |                                   | ,7 | ,7 | 857 | ,3 | 718 |
| 6 |                                   | 51 | 25 |     | 85 |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 382-Fence Ft                      | 1  | 1  | 16, |    | 19, |
| 8 |                                   | ,4 | ,2 | 895 |    | 495 |
| 2 |                                   | 00 | 00 |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 386-Field Borders Ft              |    | 86 | 1   | 83 | 3   |
| 8 |                                   |    | ,4 | 54, | ,2 | 23, |
| 6 |                                   |    | 46 | 242 | 70 | 958 |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 391A-Riparian Forest Buffers Ac   | 27 |    |     | 55 | 82  |
| 9 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
| 1 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 391-Riparian Forest Buffer Ac     | 27 |    | 25  | 55 | 107 |
| 9 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
| 1 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 3 | 393-Filter Strip Ac               | 3  | 1  | 131 | 1  | 802 |
| 9 |                                   | 36 | 88 |     | 47 |     |
| 3 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 4 | 410-Grade Stabilization Structure |    |    |     | 72 | 72  |
| 1 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
| 0 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 4 | 412-Grassed Waterways Ac          | 3  | 1  | 131 | 61 | 716 |
| 1 |                                   | 36 | 88 |     |    |     |
| 2 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 4 | 468-Lined Waterways or Outlets,   |    |    |     | 1  | 100 |
| 6 | ft                                |    |    |     | 00 |     |
| 8 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 4 | 472-Use Exclusion Ac              | 1  | 16 | 8   | 63 | 227 |
| 7 |                                   | 40 |    |     |    |     |
| 2 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 4 | 490-Tree/Shrub Site Preparation   | 2  | 19 | 6   | 72 | 336 |
| 9 | Ac                                | 39 |    |     |    |     |
| 0 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 5 | 511-Forage Harvest Management Ac  | 4  | 2  | 409 | 1  | 1,  |
| 1 |                                   | 13 | 17 |     | 84 | 223 |
| 1 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 5 | 512-Pasture and Hay Planting Ac   | 57 | 2  | 85  | 74 | 446 |
| 1 |                                   |    | 30 |     |    |     |
| 2 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 5 | 516-Pipeline Ft                   | 4  | 2  | 2,  | 7  | 6,  |
| 1 |                                   | 00 | ,6 | 900 | 40 | 640 |
| 6 |                                   |    | 00 |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 5 | 528A-Prescribed Grazing Ac        | 3  | 4  | 125 | 31 | 926 |
| 2 |                                   | 52 | 18 |     |    |     |
| 8 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 5 | 528-Prescribed Grazing Ac         |    |    | 671 | 7  | 1,  |
| 2 |                                   |    |    |     | 69 | 440 |
| 8 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 5 | 580-Streambank Protection Ac      |    | 3  | 1,  |    | 1,  |
| 8 |                                   |    | 01 | 635 |    | 936 |
| 0 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 5 | 587-Structure for Water Control   | 11 | 4  |     | 2  | 17  |
| 8 | No                                |    |    |     |    |     |
| 7 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 5 | 590-Nutrient Management, Ac       |    |    |     | 8  | 8,  |
| 9 |                                   |    |    |     | ,5 | 589 |
| 0 |                                   |    |    |     | 89 |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 5 | 595-Pest Management, Ac           |    |    |     | 9  | 9,  |
| 9 |                                   |    |    |     | ,8 | 806 |
| 5 |                                   |    |    |     | 06 |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 6 | 612-Tree/Shrub Establishment Ac   | 2  | 94 | 75  | 1  | 488 |
| 1 |                                   | 18 |    |     | 01 |     |
| 2 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 6 | 614-Watering Facility             |    |    |     | 3  | 3   |
| 1 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
| 4 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 6 | 620-Underground outlet Ft         |    |    |     | 8  | 870 |
| 2 |                                   |    |    |     | 70 |     |
| 0 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 6 | 642-Water Wells no.               |    |    |     | 1  | 1   |
| 4 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
| 2 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 6 | 643-Restoration of Rare and/or    |    |    |     | 18 | 18  |
| 4 | Declining Habitats Ac             |    |    |     |    |     |
| 3 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 6 | 644-Wetland Wildlife Habitat      | 0  | 2  | 165 | 1  | 553 |
| 4 | Management Ac                     |    | 24 |     | 64 |     |
| 4 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 6 | 645-Upland Wildlife Habitat       |    |    |     | 2  | 2,  |
| 4 | Management Ac                     |    |    |     | ,5 | 525 |
| 5 |                                   |    |    |     | 25 |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 6 | 646-Shallow Water Management Ac   |    |    |     | 10 | 10  |
| 4 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
| 6 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 6 | 657,658,659-Wetlds Created        | 0  | 2  | 75  | 0  | 330 |
| 5 | Restored or Enhanced Ac           |    | 55 |     |    |     |
| 7 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+
| 6 | 666-Forest Stand Improvement Ac   | 0  | 0  | 31  | 0  | 31  |
| 6 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
| 6 |                                   |    |    |     |    |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+----+----+-----+----+-----+

+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| * |                                   | **  | **  | **  | **  | *   |
| * |                                   | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | *To |
| N |                                   | 4** | 5** | 6** | 7** | tal |
| R |                                   |     |     |     |     | s** |
| C |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
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|   |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
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| t |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
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| a |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| s |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| e |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
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| 1 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| . |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 9 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| . |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 0 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 7 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| ) |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| * |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| * |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 327-Conservation Cover Ac         |     | 21  | 13  |     |     |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 7 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 328-Conservation Crop Rotation Ac | 637 | 582 | 326 | 1,  | 3,  |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     | 928 | 473 |
| 8 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 329B-Residue Management, Mulch    | 262 | 368 | 259 | 172 | 1,  |
| 2 | Till                              |     |     |     |     | 061 |
| 9 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 329A-Residue Management,          | 354 | 152 | 153 | 314 | 973 |
| 2 | No-Till/Strip Till Ac             |     |     |     |     |     |
| 9 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 329A-C-Residue Management Ac      | 616 | 520 | 412 | 485 | 2,  |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     |     | 033 |
| 9 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 330-Contour Farming Ac            | 366 | 327 | 267 | 374 | 1,  |
| 3 |                                   |     |     |     |     | 334 |
| 0 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 340-Cover Crop Ac                 | 274 |     | 9   |     | 283 |
| 4 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 0 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 342-Critical Area Planting Ac     |     |     | 1   | 1   | 2   |
| 4 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 344-Residue Management, Seasonal  |     |     |     | 536 | 536 |
| 4 | Ac                                |     |     |     |     |     |
| 4 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 345-Residue and Tillage           |     |     |     | 305 | 305 |
| 4 | Management, Mulch Till. Ac        |     |     |     |     |     |
| 5 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 356-Dike Ft                       | 5,  | 14, |     | 560 | 20, |
| 5 |                                   | 550 | 135 |     |     | 245 |
| 6 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 362-Diversion Ft                  |     |     |     | 900 | 900 |
| 6 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 382-Fence Ft                      |     |     |     | 2,  | 2,  |
| 8 |                                   |     |     |     | 700 | 700 |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 386-Field Borders Ft              |     | 37, |     |     | 37, |
| 8 |                                   |     | 730 |     |     | 730 |
| 6 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 391A-Riparian Forest Buffers Ac   |     |     | 25  | 5   | 30  |
| 9 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 1 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 391-Riparian Forest Buffer Ac     |     |     |     | 5   | 5   |
| 9 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 1 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 3 | 393-Filter Strip Ac               | 22  | 9   |     | 7   | 38  |
| 9 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 3 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 4 | 410-Grade Stabilization Structure |     |     |     | 5   | 5   |
| 1 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 0 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 4 | 412-Grassed Waterways Ac          | 15  | 1   | 47  | 9   | 72  |
| 1 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 4 | 472-Use Exclusion Ac              | 3   | 6   | 4   | 1,  | 1,  |
| 7 |                                   |     |     |     | 420 | 433 |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 4 | 490-Tree/Shrub Site Preparation   |     |     |     | 344 | 344 |
| 9 | Ac                                |     |     |     |     |     |
| 0 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 5 | 511-Forage Harvest Management Ac  |     | 23  |     |     | 23  |
| 1 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 1 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 5 | 512-Pasture and Hay Planting Ac   |     | 124 |     |     | 124 |
| 1 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 5 | 516-Pipeline Ft                   |     | 2,  |     |     | 2,  |
| 1 |                                   |     | 000 |     |     | 000 |
| 6 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 5 | 528-Prescribed Grazing Ac         |     |     |     | 76  | 76  |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 8 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 5 | 561-Heavy Use Area Protection Ac  |     | 1   |     |     | 1   |
| 6 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 1 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 5 | 587-Structure for Water Control   |     | 1   |     |     | 1   |
| 8 | No                                |     |     |     |     |     |
| 7 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 5 | 590-Nutrient Management Ac        |     |     |     | 555 | 555 |
| 9 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 0 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 5 | 595-Pest Management Ac            |     |     |     | 850 | 850 |
| 9 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 5 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 6 | 612-Tree/Shrub Establishment Ac   |     |     |     | 900 | 900 |
| 1 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
| 2 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 6 | 644-Wetland Wildlife Habitat      | 21  | 1,  |     | 391 | 1,  |
| 4 | Management Ac                     |     | 210 |     |     | 622 |
| 4 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 6 | 645-Upland Wildlife Habitat       |     |     |     | 483 | 483 |
| 4 | Management Ac                     |     |     |     |     |     |
| 5 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 6 | 646-Shallow Water Development and |     |     |     | 24  | 24  |
| 4 | Management Ac                     |     |     |     |     |     |
| 6 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 6 | 657,658,659-Wetlands Created      | 80  | 561 |     | 1,  | 1,  |
| 5 | Restored or Enhanced Ac           |     |     |     | 145 | 786 |
| 7 |                                   |     |     |     |     |     |
+---+-----------------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+

![](media/image13.jpeg){width="6.9527777777777775in"
height="8.997916666666667in"}

> ![](media/image14.wmf){width="7.240972222222222in"
> height="4.951388888888889in"}

Currently, Landowners within the RWA project area have voluntarily
enrolled over 60,000 acres in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP).
Approximately 27,702 acres are currently under contracts which will
expire 2007-2010. It is expected that high land rental rates and strong
row crop prices will cause many of these acres to return to production.

[]{.mark}

+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+
| **Conse |         |          |           |           |            |
| rvation |         |          |           |           |            |
| Reserve |         |          |           |           |            |
| Program |         |          |           |           |            |
| (CRP)   |         |          |           |           |            |
| Acres   |         |          |           |           |            |
| for     |         |          |           |           |            |
| Seven   |         |          |           |           |            |
| K       |         |          |           |           |            |
| entucky |         |          |           |           |            |
| Cou     |         |          |           |           |            |
| nties** |         |          |           |           |            |
|         |         |          |           |           |            |
| **A     |         |          |           |           |            |
| creages |         |          |           |           |            |
| Located |         |          |           |           |            |
| within  |         |          |           |           |            |
| the RWA |         |          |           |           |            |
| Study   |         |          |           |           |            |
| Area    |         |          |           |           |            |
| and     |         |          |           |           |            |
| Co      |         |          |           |           |            |
| ntracts |         |          |           |           |            |
| E       |         |          |           |           |            |
| xpiring |         |          |           |           |            |
| 2007**  |         |          |           |           |            |
+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+
| **C     | *       | **Acres  | **Acres   | **Acres   | **Acres    |
| ounty** | *Active | Expiring | Expiring  | Expiring  | Expiring   |
|         | CRP     | 2007**   | 2008**    | 2009**    | 2010**     |
|         | Acres** |          |           |           |            |
+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+
| Ballard | 2,713   | 543      | 122       | 63        | 491        |
+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+
| C       | 246     | 31       | 3         | 7         | 24         |
| alloway |         |          |           |           |            |
+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+
| C       | 8,527   | 1,585    | 433       | 221       | 2,001      |
| arlisle |         |          |           |           |            |
+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+
| Fulton  | 2,088   | 525      | 20        | 144       | 117        |
+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+
| Graves  | 38,760  | 6,825    | 1,554     | 3,513     | 4,641      |
+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+
| Hickman | 9,492   | 2,604    | 933       | 512       | 741        |
+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+
| Mc      | 294     | 30       | 2         | 3         | 14         |
| Cracken |         |          |           |           |            |
+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+
| TOTALS  | **6     | **       | **3,068** | **4,463** | **8,028**  |
|         | 2,120** | 12,143** |           |           |            |
+---------+---------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+

**Waters of Kentucky**

Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act states that water bodies with
impaired uses must be placed on a state impaired waters list. The 2006
Integrated Report (IR) replaces the 305(b) report and 303(d) report
previously prepared by the Kentucky Division of Water. The 305(b)
portion of the report (Volume I) lists all water quality assessment
results for surface waters (streams and lakes or reservoirs) in
Kentucky. The 303(d) portion of the report (Volume II) is a subset of
these assessed waters including all waters not supporting one or more
designated uses and requiring the development of a Total Maximum Daily
Load (TMDL). Within the RWA project area, 167.4 miles of streams have
impaired uses. The list of streams, impairments and causes of impairment
are listed in detail on the following page three pages.

Twenty of the thirty-seven identified stream segments (54%) are impacted
by sedimentation and siltation. Twenty of the stream segments have an
agricultural/crop production source of impairment. Nine of the
thirty-seven segments (24%) have an "unknown" component of impairment
and two segments (5%) are impacted by industrial/municipal sources.

> ![](media/image15.jpeg){width="7.127777777777778in"
> height="5.506944444444445in"}

  ------------- ------------ ------------- --------- ------------ --------------------- ------------------------------- --------------
  **Waterbody   **Impaired   **Receiving   **HUC 8** **County**   **Impairments**       **Sources of Impairment**       **Designated
  Name**        Segment**    Waterbody**                                                                                Uses
                                                                                                                        Impaired**

  Bayou de      14.0-25.9    Obion Creek   8010201   Hickman      Pathogens             Pathogens                       partial
  Chien                                                                                                                 contact
                                                                                                                        recreation:
                                                                                                                        non-support

  Brush Creek   0 to 8.3     Obion Creek   8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Channelization, Dredging,       Aquatic Life:
                                                                  siltation             Agriculture                     partial
                                                                                                                        support

  Brush Creek   0 to 6.0     Obion Creek   8010201   Hickman      Sediment and          Channelization, Riparian        Aquatic Life:
                                                                  siltation             Habitat Loss, Non-Irrigated     partial
                                                                                        Crop Production                 support

  Cane Creek    0 to 5.4     Bayou de      8010201   Hickman      Sediment and          Riparian Habitat Loss,          Aquatic Life:
                             Chien                                siltation, Nutrients  Non-Irrigated Crop Production   partial
                                                                  and Eutrophication                                    support

  Cane Creek    0 to 3.8     Shawnee Creek 8010100   Ballard      Organic Enrichment    Municipal Point Source          Aquatic Life:
                                                                  (Sewage)              Discharge                       partial
                                                                                                                        support

  Central Creek .8-2.5       Truman Creek  8010201   Carlisle     Pathogens             Unknown                         partial
                                                                                                                        contact
                                                                                                                        recreation:
                                                                                                                        non-support

  Cooley Creek  .6-2.3       Mayfield      8010201   Graves       Pathogens             Industrial Point Source         partial
                             Creek                                                      Discharge                       contact
                                                                                                                        recreation:
                                                                                                                        non-support

  Gilbert Creek 1.8-3.5      Mayfield      8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Riparian Habitat Loss           Aquatic Life:
                             Creek                                siltation                                             non-support

  Goose Creek   0 to 4.4     Wilson Creek  8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Channelization, Riparian        Aquatic Life:
                                                                  siltation             Habitat Loss, Non-Irrigated     partial
                                                                                        Crop Production                 support

  Hazel Creek   0 to 3.7     Axe Lake      8010100   Ballard      Sediment and          Channelization, Unknown         Aquatic Life:
                                                                  siltation, Nutrients                                  non-support
                                                                  and Eutrophication                                    

  Hurricane     0 to 3.7     Obion Creek   8010201   Carlisle     Sediment and          Channelization, Riparian        Aquatic Life:
  Creek                                                           siltation             Habitat Loss, Non-Irrigated     partial
                                                                                        Crop Production                 support

  Little Bayou  0 to 2.1     Bayou de      8010201   Hickman      Sediment and          Riparian Habitat Loss,          Aquatic Life:
  deChein                    Chien                                siltation             Agriculture                     partial
                                                                                                                        support

  Little Bayou  10.1 to 12.3 Bayou de      8010201   Fulton       Sediment and          Crop Production, Habitat        Aquatic Life:
  deChein                    Chien                                siltation             Modification                    non-support

  Little Creek  0 to 6.2     Obion Creek   8010201   Hickman      Sediment and          Channelization, Riparian        Aquatic Life:
                                                                  siltation             Habitat Loss                    non-support

  Little        0 to 2.1     Obion Creek   8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Unknown                         Aquatic Life:
  Cypress Creek                                                   siltation                                             non-support

  Little Mud    0 to 1.8     Bayou de      8010201   Fulton       Sediment and          Non-Irrigated Crop Production   Aquatic Life:
  Creek                      Chien                                siltation, Nutrients                                  partial
                                                                  and Eutrophication                                    support

  Mayfield      0 to 3.4     Mississippi   8010201   Carlisle     Unknown               Unknown                         Aquatic Life:
  Creek                      River                                                                                      partial
                                                                                                                        support

  **Waterbody   **Impaired   **Receiving   **HUC 8** **County**   **Impairments**       **Sources of Impairment (green  **Designated
  Name**        Segment**    Waterbody**                                                denotes agricultural source     Uses
                                                                                        inputs)**                       Impaired**

  Mayfield      8.2 to 13.5  Mississippi   8010201   McCracken    Copper, Iron,         Channelization, Unknown,        Aquatic Life,
  Creek                      River                                Sediment/siltation,   Habitat Modification            Water Quality,
                                                                  Pathogens, Zinc                                       partial
                                                                                                                        contact rec:
                                                                                                                        non-support

  Mayfield      13.5 to 14.8 Mississippi   8010201   Graves       sediment and          Agriculture                     Aquatic Life:
  Creek                      River                                siltation                                             non-support

  Mayfield      19.2 to 32.9 Mississippi   8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Channelization, Riparian        Aquatic Life:
  Creek                      River                                siltation             Habitat Loss                    partial
                                                                                                                        support

  Mayfield      34.9 to 37.6 Mississippi   8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Channelization, Unknown,        Aquatic Life:
  Creek                      River                                siltation             Agriculture                     partial
                                                                                                                        support

  Mayfield      37.6 to 40.8 Mississippi   8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Channelization, Riparian        Aquatic Life:
  Creek                      River                                siltation             Habitat Loss, Habitat           partial
                                                                                        Modification                    support

  Mayfield      40.8 to 43.7 Mississippi   8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Channelization, Riparian        Aquatic Life:
  Creek                      River                                siltation             Habitat Loss                    partial
                                                                                                                        support

  Mayfield      57.7 to 59.8 Mississippi   8010201   Calloway     Sediment and          Crop Production                 Aquatic Life:
  Creek                      River                                siltation                                             non-support

  Mud Creek     0 to 6.4     Bayou de      8010201   Fulton       Sediment and          Channelization, Riparian        Aquatic Life:
                             Chien                                siltation             Habitat Loss, Non-irrigated     non-support
                                                                                        Crop Production                 

  Obion Creek   1.3 to 15.8  Mississippi   8010201   Fulton       Iron,                 Channelization, Impacts from    Aquatic Life:
                             River                                Sediment/siltation    Hydrostructure Flow, Riparian   non-support,
                                                                                        Habitat Loss, Non-irrigated     Water Quality:
                                                                                        Crop Production                 non-support

  Obion Creek   38.6 to 42.0 Mississippi   8010201   Hickman      Unknown               Channelization, Unknown         Aquatic Life:
                             River                                                                                      non-support

  Obion Creek   42 to 47.6   Mississippi   8010201   Hickman      Sediment and          Channelization, Crop Production Aquatic Life:
                             River                                siltation                                             partial
                                                                                                                        support

  Obion Creek   47.6-56.0    Mississippi   8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Unknown, Agriculture            Aquatic Life:
                             River                                siltation, Unknown                                    partial
                                                                                                                        support

  Opossum Creek 0 to 2.2     Obion Creek   8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Channelization                  Aquatic Life:
                                                                  siltation                                             non-support

  Shawnee Creek 0 to 3       Mississippi   8010100   Ballard      Iron                  Unknown                         Water Quality:
  Slough                     River                                                                                      non-support

  Shawnee Creek 8.9 to 17.9  Mississippi   8010100   Ballard      Sediment and          Channelization, Riparian        Aquatic Life:
  Slough                     River                                siltation             Habitat Loss, Agriculture       partial
                                                                                                                        support

  South Fork    2 to 7.2     Bayou de      8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Crop Production                 Aquatic Life:
  Bayou de                   Chien                                siltation                                             non-support
  Chien                                                                                                                 

  Swan Pond     193 acres    Minor Slough  8010201   McCracken    nutrients and         Natural Sources and Agriculture Water Quality:
                                                                  eutrophication                                        non-support

  **Waterbody   **Impaired   **Receiving   **HUC 8** **County**   **Impairments**       **Sources of Impairment (green  **Designated
  Name**        Segment**    Waterbody**                                                denotes agricultural source     Uses
                                                                                        inputs)**                       Impaired**

  Upper         0 to 1.0     Mayfield      8010201   McCracken    Sediment and          Agriculture                     Aquatic Life:
  Tributaries                Creek                                siltation                                             non-support
  (UT) to                                                                                                               
  Mayfield                                                                                                              
  Creek                                                                                                                 

  UT to         1.1 to 3.5   Mayfield      8010201   Graves       Sediment and          Riparian Habitat Loss,          Aquatic Life:
  Mayfield                   Creek                                siltation             Agriculture                     non-support
  Creek                                                                                                                 

  UT to Obion   1.6 to 2.2   Mayfield      8010201   Hickman      Unknown               Channelization, Riparian        Aquatic Life:
  Creek                      Creek                                                      Habitat Loss, Streambank        non-support
                                                                                        Modification/Destabilization,   
                                                                                        Unknown                         
  ------------- ------------ ------------- --------- ------------ --------------------- ------------------------------- --------------

**TMDL** - Total Maximum Daily Load. TMDL is associated with water
pollution planning and can refer to the maximum amount of a pollutant
(examples are sediment, phosphorus and bacteria) that a stream or lake
can receive and still meet water quality standards. A TMDL may also
refer to a written report, which includes detailed assessment
information of site-specific impaired waters, watershed information,
mathematical modeling and the calculated number of a pollutant load. A
TMDL reports was published in 2007 for Central Creek, Cooley Creek
(tributary to Mayfield Creek) and Bayou de Chien. The pollutant of
concern is pathogens with a TMDL endpoint of 400 colonies/100 ml.
Identified sources of pollution are agriculture and industrial. On
Cooley Creek, Conagra Poultry Company of Kentucky operates Pilgrim
Pride, a poultry slaughtering and processing facility. The facility is
permitted to discharge 1.71 MGD of processed wastewater, non-contact
cooling water and stormwater runoff into Cooley Creek at river mile (RM)
1.1.

  ---------------------- ------------------------- ------------- ----------------
  **Impaired Waterbodies **Segments/ Length**      **Suspected   **County**
  for TMDLs (2004 303(d)                           Source(s)**   
  List)**                                                        

  Bayou de Chien         River mile (RM) 14.0 to   Agriculture   Graves/Hickman
                         25.9 miles                              

  Central Creek          RM .8 to 2.5/ 1.7 miles   Unknown       Carlisle

  Cooley Creek           RM .7 to 2.3/ 1.6 miles   Industrial    Graves
  ---------------------- ------------------------- ------------- ----------------

**Note:** Suspected sources as identified in the 2004 303(d) Report for
Kentucky.

![](media/image16.wmf){width="6.125in" height="5.146527777777778in"}

**A Unique Opportunity to Preserve an Endangered Species-- Conservation
Efforts and the Relict Darter**

The RWA Watersheds, especially the Obion Creek and Bayou de Chien
watersheds, provide important habitat for a variety of plants and
animals. For one fish species in the Bayou de Chien watershed, ongoing
conservation efforts are a matter of life or extinction. The Relict
Darter (*Etheostoma chienense*) is known to exist nowhere else on earth
but the **Bayou de Chien** watershed in western Kentucky and is listed
as endangered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

![](media/image17.jpeg){width="5.995138888888889in"
height="4.670833333333333in"}

Many local landowners and conservation organizations are working to
improve habitat for all aquatic species within the RWA study area. For
example, over 6,000 feet of Obion Creek were restored in 2004. The Obion
Creek project is a cooperative effort between the Stream Institute
(Louisville, KY) and the Obion Creek Watershed Conservancy District.
Working jointly, these two entities addressed multiple problems arising
from the 1930s channelization of local area stream segments.

The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is also working with willing private
landowners to identify conservation actions that can be implemented to
improve water quality and endangered species protection within the RWA
project watersheds. Through NRCS, over 50,000 acres of Conservation
Reserve Program (CRP) acres exist within Graves, Fulton and Hickman
Counties; however, 22,000 of these contracts will expire between
2007-2020.

**Special Use Waters in the RWA Watersheds**

Special Use Waters are rivers, streams and lakes listed in Kentucky
Administrative Regulations that are worthy of additional protection.
**Outstanding state resource waters** are those surface waters
designated by the Environmental and Public Protection Cabinet and
include certain unique waters of the commonwealth, including those with
federally threatened or endangered species.

**Reference Reach Waters** are a representative subpopulation of the
least-impacted streams within a bioregion. These streams serve as
chemical, physical and biological models from which to determine the
degree of impairment (physical, chemical or biological) to similar
stream systems in each representative bioregion. These are not
necessarily pristine streams, but represent those least-disturbed
conditions that are attainable in each bioregion.

**Exceptional waters** refer to certain waterbodies whose quality
exceeds that necessary to support propagation of fish, shellfish and
wildlife and recreation in and on the water. Waters placed in this
category are reference reach waters, Kentucky Wild Rivers, some
outstanding state resource waters and waters with \"excellent\" fish or
macroinvertebrate communities.
(<http://www.water.ky.gov/sw/specialwaters/>).

**Special Use Waters in the RWA area**. Bayou de Chien, Cane Creek,
Jackson Creek, Sand Creek, and south fork of Bayou deChein provide
habitat for many species including the federally endangered relict
darter. Murphy's Pond adjoins the Obion Creek State Nature Preserve and
is an old oxbow of Obion Creek. The bald cypress swamp is one of the
most important ecological areas in Kentucky. Also of note is Axe Lake in
Ballard County. This area is a large, intact bald cypress-tupelo swamp
that contains a large great blue heron rookery is the only know nesting
site for the great egret (*Casmerodius albus*) in Kentucky.

  ------------- ------------ --------- --------- ------------ ----------- --------------- ------------- --------------- --------------
  **Waterbody   **County**   **Up      **Down    **Length**   **Acres**   **Exceptional   **Reference   **Outstanding   **Federally
  Name**                     stream    stream                             Water           Reach         State Resource  Endangered
                             Mile      Mile                               Designation**   Stream**      Water**         Species**
                             Point**   Point**                                                                          

  Bayou de      Hickman,     30.6      13        17.6         0                                         Y               Relict Darter
  Chien         Graves                                                                                                  (Etheostoma\
                                                                                                                        chienense)

  Cane Creek of Hickman      12.4      0         12.4         0                                         Y               Relict Darter
  Bayou de                                                                                                              
  Chien                                                                                                                 

  Jackson Creek Graves       2.6       0         2.6          0           Y               Y             Y               Relict Darter

  Murphy\'s     Hickman      0         0         0            0           Y                             Y               
  Pond                                                                                                                  

  Obion Creek   Hickman      35.5      25.2      10.3         0           Y               Y                             

  Sand Creek    Graves       3.6       0         3.6          0                                         Y               Relict Darter

  South Fork of Graves       7.3       0         7.3          0                                         Y               Relict Darter
  Bayou de                                                                                                              
  Chien                                                                                                                 

  Swan Pond     Ballard      0         0         0            193         Y                             Y               
  ------------- ------------ --------- --------- ------------ ----------- --------------- ------------- --------------- --------------

### 

### 

### 

### 

### 

### 

### 

### 

### 

### Demographics The main five counties within the RWA area demographics are similar in demographics and can be summarized as predominately middle income, Caucasian, and rural. These trends have been highly consistent over the last decade within the region.

### 

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Demographic Profile Highlights,                                             
  U.S. Census 2000**                                                            

  County                            Ballard    Carlisle   Fulton     Graves     Hickman

  Total Population                  8,286      5,351      7,752      37,028     5,262

  Median Household Income           \$32,130   \$30,087   \$24,382   \$30,874   \$31,615

  Individuals below Poverty Level   1,102      691        1,731      5,921      887

  Median Value of Single Family     \$58,800   \$49,400   \$40,500   \$63,600   \$49,200
  Homes                                                                         
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

### 

### 

  --------------------------- ------------- -------------- ------------ ------------ -------------
  **Kentucky Demographic      **Ballard**   **Carlisle**   **Fulton**   **Graves**   **Hickman**
  Overview                                                                           
  (www.thinkkentucky.gov)**                                                          

  2007 Population             8,245         5,376          7,236        37,679       5,101

  2007 Median Household       \$39,631      \$35,845       \$28,915     \$37,318     \$38,560
  Income                                                                             

  Population by Race, White   7,855 or      5,257 or 97.8% 5,478 or     34,931 or    4,519 or
                              95.3%                        75.7%        92.7%        88.6%

  Population by Race, Black   229 or 2.8%   50 or .9%      1,627 or     1,621 or     489 or 9.6%
                                                           22.5%        4.3%         

  2006 Unemployment Rate      6.20%         6.10%          7.50%        7.20%        6.90%
  --------------------------- ------------- -------------- ------------ ------------ -------------

### 

### 

**Climate** Western Kentucky has a moderate climate, characterized by
warm, moist summer conditions and cold winters. Kentucky\'s weather
patterns are influenced by the Gulf of Mexico, especially during summer
months. Much of Kentucky\'s the precipitation each year falls in spring,
the rainiest season. From south to north within the State, precipitation
decreases. Southern Kentucky receives the highest average precipitation,
over 50 inches a year, while the northern portions of the state average
only 40 inches.

### 

### 

  -------------------------------------------- --------------------------
  **Climate Data Overview for Western Kentucky 
  Counties in RWA (www.thinkkentucky.gov)**    

  Normal Temperature (30 year record)          56.8 degrees

  Average Annual, 2006                         58.7 degrees

  Record Highest, August 1988 (23-year record) 104 degrees

  Record Lowest, January 1985 (23-year record) minus 15 degrees

  Normal Precipitation (30 year record)        49.24 inches

  Mean Annual Snowfall (30 year record)        10.2 inches

  total precipitation, 2006                    67.11 inches

  Mean number of days precipitation            110.3

  Mean number of days thunderstorms (48 year   51.3
  record)                                      

  Prevailing Winds                             South

  Relative Humidity (30 year record), 12 noon  59 percent
  -------------------------------------------- --------------------------

**References**

Combined Animal Feeding Operation, Information about CAFO application,
reviews, and permit issuance can be found at:
[http://www.kentucky.gov/Newsroom/environment]{.underline} ,
[http://www.kyrc.org](http://www.kyrc.org/)[,]{.underline} and
[http://www.cnmpwatch.com](http://www.cnmpwatch.com/)

Exceptional, High Quality Streams Exceptional Value and Special Use
Waters were taken from the data set received from the Kentucky Division
of Water. For more information on what qualifies a stream as exceptional
value or high quality or any information go to\
[http://water.ky.gov/sw/specialwaters/]{.underline}

Geology: U.S. Geological Survey Web Page
([www.usgs.gov](http://www.usgs.gov/)[)]{.underline} and the Kentucky
Geological Survey [(http://www.uky.edu/KGS/geoky/]{.underline}

Impaired Streams Impaired Streams were derived from the Kentucky
Division of Water, 2006 list on Non-Attaining Streams. More information
can be found on DOW website at\
[http://www.water.ky.gov/sw/tmdl/303d.htm]{.underline}

Land Use / Land Cover 2001Land Use / Land Cover map was created using
the National Land Cover Dataset. The National Land Cover Dataset was
compiled from Landsat satellite TM imagery with a spatial resolution of
30 meters and supplemented by various ancillary data (where available).
More information can be found online at
[http://landcover.usgs.gov]{.underline}/

National Elevation Dataset (NED) The NED is a seamless mosaic of the
best-available elevation data. The primary source data were the USGS
7.5-minute (30-meter or 10-meter resolution) DEM\'s. A hillshade grid
was also created using the DEM and used to create a 3-D effect. More
information on NED can be found online at
[http://ned.usgs.gov/]{.underline}

National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) The NWI maps do not show all wetlands
since the maps are derived from aerial photo interpretation with varying
limitations due to scale, photo quality, inventory techniques, and other
factors. More information can be found online at
[http://www.fws.gov/nwi/]{.underline}

Performance Results System (PRS)PRS data was extracted from PRS by year,
conservation system, conservation practice, and programs by hydrologic
unit code. More information can be found online at the PRS homepage
[http://ias.sc.egov.usda.gov/prshome/]{.underline}

Social and Census Data, Ag census data and ethnicity data were
downloaded from the National Agricultural

> Statistics Service (NASS). More information can be found online at
> <http://www.nass.usda.gov/Census_of_Agriculture/index.asp> ,
> [http://www.census.gov](http://www.census.gov/) and
> [http://thinkkentucky.com](http://thinkkentucky.com/)

Soil Survey spatial and tabular data were used for the following survey
areas:\
Ballard County (KY007), Calloway County (KY035), Carlisle County
(KY039), Fulton County (KY075)\
Graves County (KY083), Hickman County (KY105), McCracken County (KY145)
Spatial and tabular data an be downloaded at
http[://soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gov/]{.underline}

Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) TMDL is the sum of the individual waste
load allocations and load allocations which would not produce a
violation of water quality standards. The data used is from the Kentucky
Division of Water TMDL Section of the Water Quality Branch. More
information can be found on TMDL locations in at
[http://water.ky.gov/sw/tmdl/]{.underline}