Number range CHAPTERTropical Cyclone Report

Tropical Storm Fay

(AL062008)

15-26 August 2008

Stacy R. Stewart and John L. Beven II

National Hurricane Center

8 February 2009

Fay was a long-lived tropical storm that made eight landfalls --
including a record four landfalls in Florida -- and produced torrential
rainfall that caused extensive floods across the Dominican Republic,
Haiti, Cuba, and Florida.

a.  Synoptic History

    The tropical wave that spawned Fay emerged off the African coast on
    6 August 2008. During its rapid west-northwestward trek across the
    tropical Atlantic Ocean, the wave was accompanied by limited
    thunderstorm activity. However, by 14 August, the wave's forward
    speed had decreased from 20-25 kt down to 10-15 kt, which may have
    contributed to the increase in convective activity and organization
    that ensued later that day. Later that day, the tropical wave turned
    westward, and surface observations and QuikSCAT satellite-derived
    wind data indicated a well-defined low pressure system had formed
    along the wave axis. However, the low-level circulation center moved
    due west along the southern coast of Puerto Rico, which inhibited
    development due to interaction with the mountainous terrain on the
    island. By early 15 August, the circulation center of the
    disturbance had moved over the waters of the Mona Passage, and
    convective organization again increased. Dvorak satellite
    classification increased to T2.0, and it is estimated that a
    tropical depression formed at 1200 UTC 15 August just west of the
    northwestern tip of Puerto Rico. The "best track" chart of the
    tropical cyclone's path is given in Fig. 1. The best track positions
    and intensities are listed in Table 1[^1], with the wind and
    pressure histories shown in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively.

    Under the influence of a strong subtropical ridge located to the
    north, the depression moved westward across the Mona Passage and
    made landfall near El Cabo, Dominican Republic at 1430 UTC 15
    August. Despite being over land, the system became a tropical storm
    around 1800 UTC based on flight-level wind information obtained from
    Air Force Reserve Unit and NOAA reconnaissance aircraft. Despite
    traversing the mountainous southern portion of the Dominican
    Republic and Haiti, Fay remained a tropical storm as indicated by
    wind data from reconnaissance aircraft and ships. The cyclone
    continued its westward trek and made landfall along the eastern end
    of Gonavé Island, Haiti at 1145 UTC 16 August. After Fay moved over
    the Windward Passage later that day, the cyclone turned
    west-northwestward and strengthened slightly under a favorable
    upper-level wind flow pattern, before it made landfall along the
    south-central coast of Cuba about 20 n mi east of Cabo Cruz near
    0900 UTC 17 August. Early on 18 August, Fay turned toward the
    northwest still at 45-kt intensity, and made landfall 20 n mi west
    of Cienfuegos, Cuba around 0700 UTC. After crossing over Cuba, Fay
    emerged over the Straits of Florida around 1200 UTC that day and
    encountered moderate southwesterly vertical wind shear and dry
    mid-level air, which inhibited significant strengthening. It made
    landfall near Key West, Florida at 2030 UTC.

    After passing north of Key West over the warm waters of Florida Bay,
    data from land-based Doppler radars and reconnaissance aircraft
    indicated Fay was becoming better organized as the vertical wind
    shear began to decrease. The storm made landfall along the
    southwestern Florida coast between Cape Romano and Everglades City
    at 0845 UTC 19 August with 55 kt winds. Shortly after landfall, a
    well-defined eye feature developed in both satellite and radar
    imagery, possibly due to the decreasing wind shear and increasing
    low-level frictional convergence. Despite land interaction over
    South Florida, Fay strengthened slightly and it is estimated that
    its peak intensity of 60 kt was achieved around 1800 UTC that same
    day when the center was near the western end of Lake Okeechobee. The
    eye feature remained apparent in radar imagery (Fig. 4) from 0929
    UTC 19 August until 0212 UTC 20 August. Thereafter, Fay steadily
    weakened until the center reached the Atlantic waters off the
    east-central Florida coast late that day. Steering currents weakened
    on 21 August as a broad mid-level trough eroded the western portion
    of the subtropical ridge across Florida. This broad flow pattern
    caused Fay to turn northward and slow to a forward speed of 3-4 kt,
    as the cyclone skirted the coastal region near Cape Canaveral.
    Convective bands to develop and persist inland over east-central
    Florida in regions of enhanced frictional convergence and the slow
    forward speed of Fay allowed heavy rain elements to 'train' across
    the same areas for several hours. This 'train echo' effect led to
    the widespread heavy rainfall in excess of 20 in to occur in Brevard
    County, Florida (Table 3).

    As the mid-level trough that initially weakened the subtropical
    ridge lifted out to the north, the ridge to the north of Fay built
    westward across the southeastern United States causing the tropical
    storm to turn westward late on 21 August. Fay made its third Florida
    landfall near Flagler Beach at around 1900 UTC 21 August. A general
    westward motion was maintained across the northern Florida peninsula
    and cyclone emerged over the extreme northeastern Gulf of Mexico
    late on 22 August. Fay made its fourth and final Florida landfall --
    and eighth overall landfall - just southwest of Carrabelle in the
    Florida panhandle around 0615 UTC 23 August. The storm turned toward
    the west-northwest shortly thereafter and weakened to a depression
    by 0000 UTC 24 August northeast of Pensacola. Fay meandered slowly
    northwestward across southwestern Alabama early on 24 August and
    then turned southwestward over southeastern Mississippi later that
    day before briefly stalling near McComb, Mississippi around 0000 UTC
    25 August.

    A mid-level trough pushed south and eastward from the central
    Plains. This caused the depression to steadily lift out to the
    northeast across eastern Mississippi, northern Alabama, and extreme
    southeastern Tennessee on 25-27 August. Fay merged with an old
    frontal boundary and became an extratropical low pressure system
    around 0600 UTC 27 August over eastern Tennessee northeast of
    Chattanooga. The extratropical low continued to move northeastward,
    where it was absorbed by a larger extratropical low over eastern
    Kentucky by 0600 UTC 28 August.

b.  Meteorological Statistics

    Observations in Fay (Figs. 2 and 3) include satellite-based Dvorak
    technique intensity estimates from the Tropical Analysis and
    Forecast Branch (TAFB) and the Satellite Analysis Branch (SAB). Data
    and imagery from NOAA polar-orbiting satellites, the NASA Tropical
    Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), the NASA QuikSCAT, and Defense
    Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites, among others,
    were also useful in tracking Fay. Ship reports of winds of tropical
    storm force associated with Fay are given in Table 2, and selected
    surface observations from land stations and data buoys are given in
    Table 3.

    The estimated peak intensity of 60 kt at 1800 UTC 19 August is based
    on a combination of NOAA Doppler weather radar data from Weather
    Forecast Offices (WFO) Melbourne (KMLB), Miami (KAMX), and Key West
    (KBYX), Florida, and also from South Florida Water Management
    District (SFWMD) surface observations over western Lake Okeechobee.
    As the eye of Fay moved northeastward across the wetlands of the
    Florida Everglades toward Lake Okeechobee, Doppler velocity values
    ranging from 63 kt to 69 kt, accompanied by isolated peak values of
    70 kt to 75 kt, were observed between altitudes ranging from 6,800
    ft up to 20,000 ft. These velocities composed a nearly continuous
    elliptical data region approximately 4 n mi wide by 10 n mi long.
    Although these winds were observed mostly over the Everglades, the
    leading edge of Fay's eyewall emerged over the waters of western
    Lake Okeechobee at approximately 1645 UTC. The mean Doppler velocity
    values noted within a 2,000-ft layer centered at an altitude of
    9,000 ft (roughly 700 mb) was 66 kt. Using the 0.90 reduction factor
    derived for aircraft data on the Doppler velocities yields a surface
    wind estimate of 59 kt. In addition, at 1745 UTC, a 15-minute
    average wind speed of 51 kt was measured at a height of 8 m by a
    SFWMD mesonet station (L005; Table 3) located in the western portion
    of Lake Okeechobee. Applying appropriate time and height conversion
    factors yields estimated 56-59 kt 1-minute average winds at 10 m.
    (Note: this methodology is similar to that used to adjust observed
    wind speeds over Lake Okeechobee during Hurricane Wilma in 2005).
    Based on this data and the Doppler radar velocity data, a peak
    intensity of 60 kt over the open water of western Lake Okeechobee
    seems reasonable and is supported by a 54-kt wind speed that was
    observed inland at Moore Haven, Florida, located south of the
    western end of Lake Okeechobee.

Heavy rainfall was the most notable hazard caused by Tropical Storm Fay.
As the pre-Fay disturbance moved across Puerto Rico and the Virgin
Islands, the San Juan NOAA Doppler radar indicated one-hour rainfall
rates locally as much as 4 in h^-1^. However, due to the relatively fast
forward speed of the disturbance, only localized flooding was reported.
The most notable flood report was a rise of 2 ft above flood stage on
the Rio Fajardo. The flooding caused Route 3, a major highway in Fajardo
province to be closed. In contrast to the devastating floods that
occurred in Hispaniola, Cuba, and Florida, the rainfall caused by the
pre-Fay disturbance was beneficial for Puerto Rico, Culebra, Vieques,
and the U.S. Virgin Islands since those areas had been experiencing one
of the driest summers on record. Water levels in reservoirs had been
running low and water restrictions were about to be implemented. Fay's
motion across the northern Caribbean Sea produced prolonged heavy rain
events in Hispaniola and Cuba. News reports indicate that floods
devastated the Haitian island of Gonavé. The saturated ground conditions
created by the heavy rains from Fay set the stage for an even greater
flood devastation and resultant loss of life caused by heavy rains
produced by Hurricanes Gustav, Hanna, and Ike that traversed Haiti
during the ensuing two weeks. In the Dominican Republic, rainfall totals
exceeding 7-10 in occurred primarily over the southern half of the
country. Similarly, numerous stations in Cuba received more than 10 in
of rainfall. Agabama, located in central Cuba, reported the greatest
rainfall total with 18.23 in. Over the United States (Figs. 5 and 6),
the heaviest rainfall occurred across Florida and southern Georgia.
Extreme rainfall maxima of 27.65 in and 27.50 in were measured near
Melbourne, Florida and Thomasville, Georgia, respectively (Table 3).
Melbourne, Florida broke a 50-year old record for a rainfall event.
There were numerous rainfall reports of more than 20 in reported across
east-central Florida and amounts in excess of 10 in were common
elsewhere across the central and northern Florida, southwestern Georgia,
and southeastern Alabama. Although significant floods occurred across
east-central Florida, the runoff from that rainfall into the Kissimmee
River Valley, as well as the rain that fell directly into Lake
Okeechobee, helped to re-charge the lake reservoir. Fay's traversal of
southern and central Florida resulted in a beneficial 4-ft rise in the
water level of Lake Okeechobee -- the primary water source for South
Florida -- in less than one week.

Storm surge and associated effects from Fay were relatively minimal.
Most storm surge heights were generally 1-2 ft above NGVD along the
South Florida coast, with up to 3-5 ft reported in the Everglades City
area. Higher surge values of 2-4 ft were observed along the northeastern
Florida coast where Fay's slow forward speed during 20-22 August created
a prolonged onshore southeasterly flow from the Atlantic Ocean. The
combination of storm surge and wave action caused some moderate beach
erosion in the Florida Keys, and also along the South Florida coastline
from Collier County south and eastward to Palm Beach County. However,
mostly minor beach erosion was reported elsewhere along the Florida
coast.

Tropical Storm Fay was a fairly prolific tornado-generator in the United
States, producing a total of 81 tornadoes across five states: 19 in
Florida, 17 in Georgia, 16 in North Carolina, 15 in Alabama, and 14 in
South Carolina. The overwhelming majority of the tornadoes were
categorized as having EF0 intensity. A few tornadoes were classified at
EF1 to EF2 intensity. Early on 19 August, an EF2 tornado moved across
Wellington, Florida in western Palm Beach County and damaged an equine
clinic and other buildings causing an estimated \$1.25 million in
damages. Later that day, an EF1 tornado struck a manufactured housing
community in Barefoot Bay, Florida and damaged 59 residences -- 9 of
which were declared uninhabitable after the event. An outbreak of 28
tornadoes occurred on 26 August across central and northern Georgia and
western South Carolina. One of those tornadoes cut a path approximately
2 km long by 100 m wide through Commerce, Georgia, injuring 2 people and
damaging numerous trees and mobile homes. Also, two elementary schools
were damaged by a tornado in Oakwood and Gainesville, Georgia, but no
one in the school at the time of the incident was injured.

c.  Casualty and Damage Statistics

    Thirteen deaths have been attributed directly to Fay: 5 in the
    Dominican Republic, 5 in Florida, and 3 in Haiti. There were also 8
    indirect deaths that were mainly due to auto accidents caused by
    hydroplaning on wet roads. The deaths in the Dominican Republic
    occurred when vehicles were swept off roads by flood waters, and the
    deaths in Haiti occurred when a bus tried to cross the flood-swollen
    Rivere Glace and was swept away.

    Damage was primarily caused by rainfall-induced floods that affected
    mainly residential structures across the Dominican Republic, Haiti,
    and Florida. There were no reports of major damage or casualties in
    Cuba. Homes, personal property, and motor vehicles were the primary
    damage losses in the United States. The government of the Dominican
    Republic reported that more than 2,400 homes were damaged or
    destroyed by wind and flood waters in that country. Media reports
    indicate that extensive and devastating floods ravaged Haiti,
    especially on the island of Gonavé. In Florida, wind damage was
    confined to mostly downed trees and power lines, plus minor roof
    damage to homes. Although flooding was extensive across portions of
    east-central Florida, in particular in Brevard County, most of the
    heavy rain and floods occurred in the western part of the county
    that is more rural. The heavy rainfall resulted in more than 15,000
    homes being flooded and more than 93,000 homes lost electrical
    utilities in the state due to strong gusty winds.

    The amount of total insured damage compiled by the Property Claim
    Services of the Insurance Services Office, Inc., is \$245 million.
    This includes \$195 million in Florida, \$25 million in Georgia, and
    \$25 million in Alabama. Flood damage losses reported by the
    National Flood Insurance Program were about \$36 million. Using a
    doubling of insured losses to obtain the total damage gives an
    estimate of Fay's damage in the United States of about \$560
    million.

d.  Forecast and Warning Critique

    The genesis of Fay was well forecast. The incipient disturbance was
    first noted in the Tropical Weather Outlook (TWO) issued at 0600 UTC
    10 August. The possibility of a tropical depression developing was
    first mentioned in the 0000 UTC 11 August TWO -- 114 h before
    genesis occurred. The long genesis lead time was primarily due to a
    period of hostile upper-level winds. The experimental genesis
    forecasts were in the "high" (\> 50% probability) category 30 h
    prior to genesis.

    A verification of official and guidance model track forecasts is
    given in Table 3. Average official track errors for Fay were 23, 31,
    46, 62, 102, 145, and 221 n mi for the 12, 24, and 36 h forecasts,
    respectively. The number of forecasts ranged from 34 at 12 h to 26
    at 120 h. The official forecast (OFCL) errors are significantly
    lower than the average long-term official track errors at all times
    (Table 2), and essentially outperformed all but the interpolated
    ECMWF (EMXI) and GFS (GFSI) models at all forecast times.

    Average official intensity errors were 4, 8, 9, 10, 10, 12, and 13
    kt for the 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h forecasts, respectively
    (Table 4). For comparison, the average long-term official intensity
    errors are 7, 10, 12, 14, 18, 20, and 22 kt, respectively. These
    errors are lower than average at all forecast periods despite Fay
    being forecast to briefly reach hurricane status, which never
    materialized. The statistical dynamical models DSHP and LGEM had
    average intensity errors near or lower than the official forecasts,
    as did the consensus models ICON and IVCN.

Watches and warnings associated with Fay are given in Table 6.

Acknowledgements

Much of the data for this report was supplied by the National Weather
Service WFOs in San Juan, PR, and in Key West, Miami, Tampa, Melbourne,
Jacksonville, and Tallahassee FL, as well as by the Meteorological
Services of the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Cuba, and the Bahamas.
Additional data was provided by the University of South Florida Coastal
Ocean Monitoring and Prediction System (COMPS) and the Florida Automated
Weather Network (FAWN). NOAA buoy and C-MAN data were provided by the
National Data Buoy Center. NOS data were provided by the NOAA National
Ocean Service. Remote Automated Weather Stations (RAWS) data were
provided by the National Interagency Fire Center. United States
Geological Survey (USGS) data were provided by the NWISWeb web site.
Some surface observational data were obtained from the South Florida
Water Management District (SFWMD) mesonet. Supplementary rainfall data
and portions of the remnant low track were provided by the
Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (HPC). NHC Senior Hurricane
Specialist, Lixion Avila, and TAFB meteorologists, Jessica
Schauer-Clark, Gladys Rubio, and Todd Kimberlain, assisted with the
collection of meteorological data from the Dominican Republic, NOAA HPC,
Cuba, and Haiti, respectively. Hurricane Specialist, NHC Hurricane
Specialist, Dan Brown, assisted with the production of the new GIS-based
best track map.

Number range CHAPTERTable 1. Best track for Tropical Storm Fay, 15-26
August 2008.

+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| Da      | La     | Lon    | P       | Wind    | Stage             |
| te/Time | titude | gitude | ressure | Speed   |                   |
|         |        |        |         |         |                   |
| (UTC)   | (°N)   | (°W)   | (mb)    | (kt)    |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 15 /    | 18.4   | 67.4   | 1011    | 30      | tropical          |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         | depression        |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 15 /    | 18.5   | 68.8   | 1009    | 35      | tropical storm    |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 16 /    | 18.6   | 70.2   | 1008    | 40      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 16 /    | 18.7   | 71.4   | 1008    | 40      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 16 /    | 18.8   | 72.9   | 1007    | 40      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 16 /    | 19.1   | 74.6   | 1007    | 40      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 17 /    | 19.3   | 75.7   | 1005    | 45      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 17 /    | 19.6   | 76.8   | 1004    | 45      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 17 /    | 20.1   | 78.0   | 1003    | 45      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 17 /    | 20.7   | 79.6   | 1006    | 45      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 18 /    | 21.1   | 80.3   | 1001    | 45      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 18 /    | 21.9   | 80.8   | 1003    | 45      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 18 /    | 23.2   | 81.2   | 1002    | 50      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 18 /    | 24.3   | 81.7   | 1000    | 50      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 19 /    | 25.0   | 81.9   | 997     | 50      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 19 /    | 25.5   | 81.8   | 994     | 55      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 19 /    | 26.4   | 81.4   | 988     | 55      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 19 /    | 27.0   | 81.1   | 986     | 60      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 20 /    | 27.5   | 80.9   | 988     | 55      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 20 /    | 28.0   | 80.6   | 992     | 50      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 20 /    | 28.4   | 80.6   | 994     | 45      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 20 /    | 28.7   | 80.6   | 997     | 45      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 21 /    | 28.9   | 80.5   | 993     | 50      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 21 /    | 29.1   | 80.7   | 993     | 50      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 21 /    | 29.2   | 80.7   | 993     | 50      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 21 /    | 29.3   | 81.0   | 993     | 55      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 22 /    | 29.3   | 81.2   | 994     | 50      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 22 /    | 29.5   | 81.9   | 995     | 50      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 22 /    | 29.6   | 82.4   | 996     | 45      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 22 /    | 29.8   | 83.0   | 997     | 40      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 23 /    | 29.7   | 83.8   | 996     | 45      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 23 /    | 29.8   | 84.7   | 997     | 45      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 23 /    | 30.0   | 85.2   | 998     | 40      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 23 /    | 30.5   | 85.9   | 999     | 40      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 24 /    | 30.8   | 86.7   | 999     | 30      | tropical          |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         | depression        |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 24 /    | 31.1   | 87.7   | 999     | 30      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 24 /    | 31.8   | 88.4   | 1000    | 30      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 24 /    | 31.5   | 89.7   | 1001    | 30      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 25 /    | 31.3   | 90.0   | 1001    | 30      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 25 /    | 31.5   | 89.9   | 1002    | 30      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 25 /    | 32.0   | 89.4   | 1002    | 25      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 25 /    | 32.4   | 89.0   | 1002    | 25      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 26 /    | 32.7   | 88.6   | 1002    | 20      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 26 /    | 33.3   | 87.9   | 1003    | 20      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 26 /    | 33.9   | 87.2   | 1003    | 20      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 26 /    | 34.6   | 86.5   | 1004    | 20      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 27 /    | 34.9   | 85.8   | 1005    | 15      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 27 /    | 35.3   | 84.9   | 1006    | 15      | extratropical     |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 27 /    | 35.9   | 84.0   | 1007    | 15      | \"                |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 27 /    | 36.9   | 83.6   | 1008    | 15      | \"                |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 28 /    | 37.4   | 83.2   | 1009    | 15      | \"                |
| 0000    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 28 /    | 37.7   | 82.6   | 1010    | 15      | \"                |
| 0600    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 28 /    |        |        |         |         | dissipated        |
| 1200    |        |        |         |         |                   |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 15 /    | 18.5   | 68.4   | 1009    | 35      | landfall near El  |
| 1430    |        |        |         |         | Cabo, Dominican   |
|         |        |        |         |         | Republic          |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 16 /    | 18.8   | 72.8   | 1007    | 40      | landfall along    |
| 1145    |        |        |         |         | eastern Gonavé    |
|         |        |        |         |         | Island, Haiti     |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 17 /    | 19.9   | 77.4   | 1003    | 45      | landfall 20 n mi  |
| 0900    |        |        |         |         | east of Cabo      |
|         |        |        |         |         | Cruz, Cuba        |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 18 /    | 22.1   | 80.8   | 1003    | 45      | landfall 20 n mi  |
| 0700    |        |        |         |         | west of           |
|         |        |        |         |         | Cienfuegos, Cuba  |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 18 /    | 24.5   | 81.8   | 998     | 50      | landfall near Key |
| 2030    |        |        |         |         | West, FL          |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 19 /    | 25.9   | 81.6   | 991     | 55      | landfall just     |
| 0845    |        |        |         |         | east of Cape      |
|         |        |        |         |         | Romano, FL        |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 21 /    | 29.3   | 81.1   | 993     | 55      | landfall near     |
| 1900    |        |        |         |         | Flagler Beach, FL |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 23 /    | 29.8   | 84.7   | 997     | 45      | landfall just     |
| 0615    |        |        |         |         | southwest of      |
|         |        |        |         |         | Carrabelle, FL    |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+
| 19 /    | 27.0   | 81.1   | 986     | 60      | minimum pressure  |
| 1800    |        |        |         |         | and maximum       |
|         |        |        |         |         | intensity         |
+---------+--------+--------+---------+---------+-------------------+

Table 2. Selected ship and buoy reports with winds of at least 34 kt for
Tropical Storm Fay, 15-26 August 2008.

+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| D        | Ship     | Latitude | Longitude | Wind      | Pressure  |
| ate/Time | call     |          |           |           |           |
| (UTC)    | sign     | (°N)     | (°W)      | dir/speed | (mb)      |
|          |          |          |           | (kt)      |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 15 /     | WDB325   | 19.5     | 69.0      | 130 / 43  | 1011.0    |
| 2200     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 17 /     | DAQZ     | 24.2     | 83.2      | 050 / 35  | 1013.0    |
| 1800     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 /     | C6FZ7    | 25.4     | 79.6      | 120 / 40  | 1008.0    |
| 0000     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 /     | C6FZ7    | 23.5     | 79.2      | 180 / 38  | 1010.1    |
| 0700     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 /     | WDD711   | 25.7     | 79.9      | 180 / 37  | 1008.0    |
| 1400     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 /     | WDD711   | 25.6     | 79.9      | 180 / 44  | 1009.0    |
| 1500     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 /     | WDD711   | 25.5     | 79.9      | 180 / 45  | 1010.0    |
| 1600     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 /     | WDD711   | 25.5     | 80.0      | 180 / 45  | 1010.0    |
| 1800     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 /     | PHJV     | 26.1     | 79.6      | 200 / 41  | 1006.7    |
| 1800     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 /     | DBIP     | 26.1     | 79.2      | 180 / 35  | 1010.6    |
| 1800     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 20 /     | PBGU     | 27.5     | 79.1      | 160 / 44  | 1006.0    |
| 0300     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 20 /     | WJBJ     | 29.9     | 80.3      | 170 / 36  | 1010.0    |
| 0300     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 20 /     | WBVZ     | 29.3     | 78.5      | 090 / 38  | 1008.3    |
| 0400     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 20 /     | 41009    | 28.5     | 80.2      | 180 / 39  | 999.0     |
| 1820     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 /     | 41009    | 28.5     | 80.2      | 200 / 39  | 998.6     |
| 0220     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 /     | 41009    | 28.5     | 80.2      | 200 / 41  | 999.7     |
| 0320     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 /     | 41012    | 30.0     | 80.5      | 090 / 37  | 1002.3    |
| 0850     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 /     | 41012    | 30.0     | 80.5      | 080 / 37  | 1000.1    |
| 1550     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 /     | 41012    | 30.0     | 80.5      | 100 / 35  | 999.8     |
| 1650     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 /     | KCGH     | 28.8     | 79.1      | 150 / 38  | 1007.5    |
| 0000     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 /     | WPGK     | 30.0     | 80.5      | 130 / 37  | 1006.0    |
| 0500     |          |          |           |           |           |
+----------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+

Table 3. Selected surface observations for Tropical Storm Fay, 15-26
August 2008.

+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Location        | M   |     | M   |       |     | St  | St  | To  |
|                 | ini |     | axi |       |     | orm | orm | tal |
|                 | mum |     | mum |       |     | su  |     |     |
|                 | Sea |     | S   |       |     | rge | t   | r   |
|                 | Le  |     | urf |       |     |     | ide | ain |
|                 | vel |     | ace |       |     | (   |     |     |
|                 | Pr  |     |     |       |     | ft) | (   | (   |
|                 | ess |     | W   |       |     | ^c^ | ft) | in) |
|                 | ure |     | ind |       |     |     | ^d^ |     |
|                 |     |     | Sp  |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | eed |       |     |     |     |     |
+=================+=====+=====+=====+=======+=====+=====+=====+=====+
|                 | Da  | Pre | Da  | Sust  | G   |     |     |     |
|                 | te/ | ss. | te/ | ained | ust |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | t   | (   | t   | (k    | (   |     |     |     |
|                 | ime | mb) | ime | t)^b^ | kt) |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | (U  |     | (U  |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | TC) |     | TC) |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | ^a^ |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Dominican     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Republic**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Azua            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 13  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .94 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bani            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .15 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Joaquin B.      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
| Aerop.          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .32 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Juma Banao      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .70 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Las Americas    |     |     | 1   | 34    |     |     |     |     |
| Aero.           |     |     | 6/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 000 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pedernales      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .49 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Polo            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .46 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| San Cristobal   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .24 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santiago        |     |     | 1   | 37    |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 5/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 500 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santo Domingo   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .20 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Yamasa          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .09 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Haiti**       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| No official     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| reports         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| available       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Cuba**        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Agabama         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 18  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .23 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baez            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .82 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Caracusey       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .47 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Condado         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .27 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Falcon          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .25 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fomento         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 15  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .26 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| J. Maria Perez  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .25 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Placetas        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .11 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Trinidad        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .38 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Vueltas         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .78 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Bahamas**     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Freeport        |     |     |     |       | 34  |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .88 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Nassau-New      |     |     |     |       | 38  |     |     | 4   |
| Providence      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .16 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **United        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| States**        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Alabama**     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Birmingham      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| IAP-KBHM        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .28 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Calera          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .73 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Clayhatchee 5.9 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 15  |
| E               |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .27 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Clio 0.2 SSW    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .27 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Highland Home   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .74 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Purdy 3.6  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
| ENE             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .37 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Meadowbrook 1.7 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
| NE              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Troy            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .57 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Valley 0.4 NNW  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .87 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Wetumpka 9.9    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
| NNE             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .81 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Florida**     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Astor 2.0 S     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .20 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Big Pine Key    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| HANDAR          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .95 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Boynton Beach 4 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
| WSW             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .51 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Brighton-S75WX  |     |     | 1   | 34    | 49  |     |     |     |
| (SFWMD mesonet) |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 830 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cape            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 19  |
| Canaveral/Cocoa |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .01 |
| Beach           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cape Canaveral  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 21  |
| 5 NE/ USAF FM   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .75 |
| 34              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cape Canaveral  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 25  |
| 5 NE/ USAF FM   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .01 |
| 34              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cape            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 22  |
| Canaveral/USAF  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .83 |
| Field Mill 21   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Clermont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .54 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Clewiston       |     |     | 1   | 49    | 59  |     |     |     |
| Airglades       |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
| AP-2IS          |     |     | 615 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cocoa           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 20  |
| Beach/Patrick   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .61 |
| AFB-KCOF        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cocoa Beach 1 N |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 22  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .26 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cudjoe Key      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .02 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Daytona Beach   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| AP-KDAB         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .99 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Deland          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 17  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .77 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Deltona 2.9 SE  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 19  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .45 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Edgewater 3.3   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 13  |
| SE              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .26 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Eustis 1.2 SE   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 15  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .01 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Everglades City |     |     |     |       |     | 5   |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .00 |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | (es |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | t.) |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fernandina      |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 5   |     |
| Beach (high     |     |     |     |       |     | .03 | .41 |     |
| tide)           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fernandina      |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 1   |     |
| Beach (low      |     |     |     |       |     | .96 | .90 |     |
| tide)           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Florida Gardens |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| 1 S             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .85 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ft.             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| Lauderdale-KFLL |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .12 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ft. Pierce      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 14  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .70 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Gainesville     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| AP-KGNV         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .25 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Immokalee       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .11 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Harlem 6 W      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .17 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hendry-STA5WX   |     |     | 1   | 34    | 46  |     |     |     |
| (SFWMD mesonet) |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 515 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hilliard 5.4 NW |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 19  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .70 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hobe sound 3.9  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 14  |
| NW              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .80 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jackso          |     |     |     |       |     | 1   |     |     |
| nville-Downtown |     |     |     |       |     | .25 |     |     |
| (seawalls)      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jacksonville    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
| IAP-KJAX        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .07 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| June Beach      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .25 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Key West IAP    | 1   | 99  | 1   | 33    | 44  |     |     |     |
| (KEYW)          | 8/2 | 8.0 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 209 |     | 654 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Labelle 1 E     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .75 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Leesburg        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .83 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Malabar 2.9 NNW |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 17  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .82 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Marathon AP     | 1   | 100 | 1   | 31    | 44  |     |     |     |
| (KMTH)          | 9/0 | 2.0 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 017 |     | 956 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Marathon 1.7    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| ENE Cocorahs    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .27 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Mayport Bar     |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 4   |     |
| Pilot           |     |     |     |       |     | .06 | .71 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Melbourne WFO   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 19  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .62 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Melbourne 6 NW  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 21  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .88 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Melbourne 7 NW  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 20  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Melbourne 8 NW/ |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 27  |
| Windover Farms  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .65 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Merritt Island  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 16  |
| 5 NNW           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .93 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Merritt Island  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 19  |
| 7 SSE           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .58 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Miami IAP-KMIA  | 1   | 100 | 1   | 28    | 39  |     |     | 4   |
|                 | 9/0 | 5.3 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     | .11 |
|                 | 953 |     | 656 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Micco 4.5 NW    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 16  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .26 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Middle Keys     |     |     |     |       |     | 0   | 0   |     |
| (Vaca Key NOS)  |     |     |     |       |     | .55 | .97 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Monticello 3.6  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
| WSW             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .90 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Moore Haven     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 16  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .17 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Moore Haven     | 1   | 98  | 1   | 54    | 68  |     |     |     |
| East AP-FL40    | 9/1 | 8.0 | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 710 |     | 645 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Naples          |     |     |     |       |     | 1   | 3   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .29 | .51 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Naples AP-KAPF  | 1   | 99  | 1   | 28    | 42  |     |     | 7   |
|                 | 9/0 | 5.3 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     | .96 |
|                 | 943 |     | 906 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Naples-Collier  |     |     | 1   | 30    | 56  |     |     |     |
| EOC             |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 000 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Okeechobee      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 13  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .82 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Orlando         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| IAP-KMCO        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .46 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Orlando AP-KORL |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .01 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ortona 2 SSW    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .18 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ortona-W78S     |     |     | 1   | 36    | 56  |     |     |     |
| (SFWMD mesonet) |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 515 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Palm Bay 1.0 NE |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 21  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .00 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Palm Shores 1.4 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 21  |
| W               |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .42 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Palm Shores 2.9 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 19  |
| NW              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Palm Shores 4.3 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 20  |
| NNW             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .80 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Plymouth        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 13  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .74 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Canaveral  |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 3   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .00 | .10 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Canaveral  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 21  |
| 3 NNE/          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .93 |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| USAF FM 32      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port St. Lucie  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
| 1.7 WSW         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .43 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ramrod Key FKAA |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .05 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Saint Cloud 1.7 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| SSW             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .63 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sanford         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 16  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .77 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sanford 0.4 ENE |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 17  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .38 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sanford 2 ESE   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 18  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .27 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| San Marc        |     |     |     |       |     | 1   | 3   |     |
| -Riverside      |     |     |     |       |     | .50 | .50 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Satellite Beach |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 22  |
| 2 N             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .87 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Se              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 22  |
| bastian/Scripps |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .25 |
| Space Coast     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| St. Marks 4 ESE |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 17  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .67 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Stuart          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 15  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .02 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Upper Keys      |     |     |     |       |     | 0   | 0   |     |
| (Jewfish Creek) |     |     |     |       |     | .60 | .10 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Vero Beach      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
| AP-KVRB         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .34 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Vero Beach 5 W  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 17  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .38 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Viera           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 20  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .75 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Vilano Beach    |     |     |     |       |     | 3   | 4   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .00 | .84 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Virginia Key    |     |     |     |       |     | 1   | 3   |     |
| (Miami-Dade     |     |     |     |       |     | .13 | .50 |     |
| County)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Wacissa 1.1 SW  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .80 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| West Palm Beach | 1   | 100 | 1   | 36    | 42  |     |     |     |
| IAP-KPBI        | 9/1 | 3.7 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 953 |     | 728 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Georgia**     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Albany 1 N      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .68 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Blakely         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .85 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bluffton 0.2 N  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .35 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Columbus/Fort   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| Benning         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .77 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Coolidge 3.2    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
| SSW             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .03 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Elmodel         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .80 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Gaines 13  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| ENE             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .48 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Iron City 6 NE  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .54 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Milford         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .73 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Morgan 5 NW     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .83 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Newton 11 SW    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 13  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Saint Simons    |     |     |     |       |     | 2   | 5   |     |
| Island          |     |     |     |       |     | .20 | .85 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Savannah/Hunter |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| AAF             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .87 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Thomasville     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 27  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Tiger 1.7 S     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .00 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Valdosta 9 N    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .67 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Kentucky**    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Albany          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .73 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bronson 2.7 WSW |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .75 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Eubank 4.7 NE   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .80 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lexington       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
| AP-KLEX         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .78 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| London AP-KLOZ  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .78 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Scottsville 5.5 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
| NE              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .90 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Louisiana**   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baton           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| Rouge/Sherwood  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .49 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Inniswold 4 E   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .01 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Millerville     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .38 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Shenandoah 0.8  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| W               |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .02 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Zachary         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .20 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Mississippi** |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ackerman 3 SE   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .87 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Crawford 5 W    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .07 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Damascus 1 SE   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .27 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Gholson 8 W     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .12 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Noxapater 1 N   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .80 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Starkville 2.5  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| ENE             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .47 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| State           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| University      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **North         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Carolina**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Asheville       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .32 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Boone 1 SE      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .40 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Burlington      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .20 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Burnsville 9.4  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 11  |
| SE              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .18 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Charlotte       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .66 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Concord 4.9 SW  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .30 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Harrisburg 0.8  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
| S               |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .84 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Raleigh-Durham  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .69 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Wilmington      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .53 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Ohio**        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lancaster       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .18 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hamilton        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
| AP-KHAO         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .70 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **South         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Carolina**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaufort        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .11 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Charleston      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| AP-KCHS         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .07 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cleveland 8 WSW |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .24 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Folly Bach 2.5  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
| SW              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .96 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Mill 3.5   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| ENE             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .86 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hardeeville 13  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| S               |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .25 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Wylie 2.3  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
| SW              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .00 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lowrys 3.6 ENE  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .66 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Marietta 1.8 SW |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .09 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Meggett 1.8 W   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .97 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Salem 0.1 SE    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .65 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Salem 3.1 WNW   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .56 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Walterboro 2 SW |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .33 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Tennessee**   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Carthage 0.1 W  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .30 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Chattanooga     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| AP-KCHA         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .41 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Columbia 0.9 Se |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .05 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Dunlap 3.1 NW   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .84 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Eagleville 1 SE |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .39 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fayetteville    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| 8.8 S           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .08 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Graysville 0.1  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| NW              |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .43 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Red Bank 3.4    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| NNE             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .87 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Signal Mountain |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| 1.2 WSW         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .75 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Smyrna 4.5 SSW  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .24 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Virginia**    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Danville        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .22 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Charlottesville |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .52 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lynchburg       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .70 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Roanoke AP-KROA |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .51 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **West          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Virginia**      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bluefield       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .43 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Huntington      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .40 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Parkersburg     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Wheeling        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .29 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **C-MA          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| N/Buoy/Marine** |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Everglades      |     |     | 1   | 43    | 60  |     |     |     |
| City, FL-KEGC   |     |     | 9/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 015 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Flamingo,       |     |     | 1   | 42    | 52  |     |     |     |
| FL-KFLM         |     |     | 9/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 418 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fowey Rocks,    | 1   | 100 | 1   | 43\*  | 62  |     |     |     |
| FL-FWFY1        | 9/1 | 5.9 | 9/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 000 |     | 400 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Okeechobee |     |     | 1   | 4     | 61  |     |     |     |
| Central -LZ40   |     |     | 9/1 | 4^\#^ |     |     |     |     |
| (SFWMD mesonet) |     |     | 900 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Okeechobee |     |     | 1   | 4     | 56  |     |     |     |
| North --L001    |     |     | 9/1 | 3^\#^ |     |     |     |     |
| (SFWMD mesonet) |     |     | 845 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Okeechobee |     |     | 1   | 3     | 45  |     |     |     |
| South --L006    |     |     | 9/1 | 6^\#^ |     |     |     |     |
| (SFWMD mesonet) |     |     | 830 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Okeechobee |     |     | 1   | 5     | 69  |     |     |     |
| West --L005     |     |     | 9/1 | 1^\#^ |     |     |     |     |
| (SFWMD mesonet) |     |     | 745 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sand Key Light, | 1   | 99  | 1   | 46^@^ | 62  |     |     |     |
| FL -- SANF1     | 8/2 | 9.5 | 8/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 100 |     | 759 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Shell Point     |     |     | 2   | 36    | 48  |     |     |     |
| Beach, FL --    |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
| SHPF1           |     |     | 542 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sombrero Key    | 1   | 100 | 1   | 5     | 62  |     |     |     |
| Light, FL --    | 9/0 | 0.8 | 8/1 | 2^\^^ |     |     |     |     |
| SMKF1           | 000 |     | 859 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+

^a^ Date/time is for sustained wind when both sustained and gust are
listed.

^b^ Except as noted, sustained wind averaging periods for C-MAN and
land-based ASOS reports are 2 min; buoy averaging periods are 8 min.

^c^ Storm surge is water height above normal astronomical tide level.

^d^ Storm tide is water height above National Geodetic Vertical Datum
(1929 mean sea level).

^\*^ 10 min average.

^\#^ 15 min average; 8 m height.

^@^ 45.4 m height.

^\^^ 48.5 m height.

Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERTable 4.
Track forecast evaluation (heterogeneous sample) Tropical Storm Fay,
15-26 August 2008. Forecast errors (n mi) are followed by the number of
forecasts in parentheses. Errors smaller than the NHC official forecast
are shown in boldface type.

+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| Number    | For   |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| range     | ecast |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| CHAPTE    | P     |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| RForecast | eriod |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| Technique | (h)   |       |       |       |       |       |       |
+===========+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+
|           | 12    | 24    | 36    | 48    | 72    | 96    | 120   |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| CLP5      | 36    | 79    | 139   | 205   | 333   | 495   | 604   |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFNI      | 36    | 66    | 98    | 136   | 240   | 366   | 493   |
|           | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | (28)  | (24)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFDI      | 29    | 42    | 58    | 82    | 171   | 259   | 402   |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| HWFI      | 27    | 40    | 61    | 88    | 164   | 254   | 432   |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| NAMI      | 37    | 56    | 75    | 95    | 134   |       |       |
|           | (34)  | (34)  | (34)  | (34)  | (34)  |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| COAI      | 42    | 85    | 134   | 196   | 355   |       |       |
|           | (24)  | (24)  | (24)  | (24)  | (15)  |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFSI      | 28    | 37    | 46    | *     | *     | **    | **    |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | *54** | *80** | 121** | 176** |
|           |       |       |       | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| AEMI      | 31    | 51    | 75    | 97    | 146   | 157   | **    |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | (21)  | 190** |
|           |       |       |       |       |       |       | (16)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| NGPI      | 31    | 59    | 92    | 130   | 231   | 366   | 569   |
|           | (31)  | (31)  | (31)  | (31)  | (31)  | (27)  | (22)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| UKMI      | 30    | 46    | 69    | 86    | 127   | 153   | 222   |
|           | (24)  | (24)  | (24)  | (24)  | (24)  | (20)  | (16)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| EGRI      | 28    | 45    | 64    | 79    | 116   | **    | 202   |
|           | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | 143** | (22)  |
|           |       |       |       |       |       | (28)  |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| EMXI      | 24    | 30    | *     | *     | *     | **    | **    |
|           | (30)  | (30)  | *41** | *53** | *91** | 124** | 132** |
|           |       |       | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (27)  | (24)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| JGSI      | 26    | 41    | 60    | 76    | *     |       |       |
|           | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | *98** |       |       |
|           |       |       |       |       | (32)  |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| BAMD      | 26    | 49    | 71    | 96    | 136   | 168   | 228   |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| BAMM      | 28    | 50    | 69    | 87    | 132   | 158   | **    |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | 204** |
|           |       |       |       |       |       |       | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| BAMS      | 40    | 68    | 97    | 120   | 174   | 226   | 287   |
|           | (33)  | (33)  | (33)  | (33)  | (33)  | (30)  | (26)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| LBAR      | 27    | 41    | 57    | 79    | 142   | 215   | 349   |
|           | (33)  | (33)  | (33)  | (33)  | (33)  | (30)  | (26)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| TCON      | 23    | 33    | 48    | 65    | 121   | 189   | 355   |
|           | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (26)  | (19)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| TCCN      | 23    | 33    | 47    | 64    | 120   | 155   | 233   |
|           | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (26)  | (19)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| TVCN      | 23    | 33    | 50    | 66    | 115   | 172   | 277   |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| TVCC      | 23    | 33    | 49    | 67    | 116   | **    | **    |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | 129** | 178** |
|           |       |       |       |       |       | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GUNA      | 23    | 35    | 49    | 65    | 117   | 179   | 322   |
|           | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (26)  | (19)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| CGUN      | 23    | 35    | 49    | 64    | 115   | 149   | **    |
|           | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (30)  | (26)  | 207** |
|           |       |       |       |       |       |       | (19)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| FSSE      | 24    | 35    | 50    | 66    | *     | 154 ( | 229 ( |
|           | (31)  | (31)  | (27)  | (19)  | *91** | 8)    | 3)    |
|           |       |       |       |       | (12)  |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| OFCL      | 23    | 31    | 46    | 62    | 102   | 145   | 221   |
|           | (34)  | (34)  | (34)  | (34)  | (34)  | (30)  | (26)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| NHC       | 34.0  | 58.2  | 82.2  | 106.2 | 154.2 | 207.5 | 272.5 |
| Official  | (     | (     | (     | (     | (996) | (787) | (627) |
|           | 1742) | 1574) | 1407) | 1254) |       |       |       |
| (         |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| 2003-2007 |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| mean)     |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

Table 5. Intensity forecast evaluation (heterogeneous sample) for
Tropical Storm Fay, 15-26 August 2008. Forecast errors (kt) are followed
by the number of forecasts in parentheses. Errors smaller than the NHC
official forecast are shown in boldface type.

+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| Number    | For   |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| range     | ecast |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| CHAPTE    | P     |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| RForecast | eriod |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| Technique | (h)   |       |       |       |       |       |       |
+===========+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+
|           | 12    | 24    | 36    | 48    | 72    | 96    | 120   |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| OCD5      | 6.4   | 7.9   | **    | **    | 12.9  | 14.0  | 12.9  |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | 7.9** | 8.8** | (35)  | (31)  | (27)  |
|           |       |       | (35)  | (35)  |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GHMI      | 5.5   | 7.8   | 10.5  | 12.1  | 13.0  | 16.2  | 14.1  |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFNI      | 7.4   | 9.5   | 16.1  | 21.7  | 23.1  | 23.8  | 18.1  |
|           | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | (32)  | (28)  | (24)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| HWFI      | 6.0   | 9.1   | 11.2  | 11.8  | 11.9  | 17.5  | 18.1  |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| LGEM      | 7.6   | 8.8   | **    | **    | **    | **1   | **1   |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | 8.4** | 8.4** | 9.9** | 1.5** | 0.9** |
|           |       |       | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| DSHP      | 7.3   | 9.0   | **    | **    | 10.2  | **1   | **1   |
|           | (35)  | (35)  | 8.1** | 7.9** | (35)  | 1.6** | 0.7** |
|           |       |       | (35)  | (35)  |       | (31)  | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| FSSE      | 10.6  | 11.5  | 13.0  | 13.1  | 14.3  | 17.4  | 17.7  |
|           | (31)  | (31)  | (27)  | (19)  | (12)  | ( 8)  | ( 3)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| ICON      | 5.7   | **    | **    | **    | **    | 12.8  | **1   |
|           | (35)  | 6.8** | 6.3** | 5.9** | 7.5** | (31)  | 0.9** |
|           |       | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  |       | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| IVCN      | 5.6   | **    | **    | **    | **    | 14.7  | **1   |
|           | (35)  | 6.2** | 6.3** | 7.7** | 9.5** | (31)  | 1.9** |
|           |       | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  | (35)  |       | (27)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| OFCL      | 4.1   | 7.8   | 8.5   | 9.7   | 10.0  | 12.2  | 12.9  |
|           | (34)  | (34)  | (34)  | (34)  | (34)  | (30)  | (26)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| NHC       | 6.7   | 10.0  | 12.3  | 14.3  | 18.2  | 19.7  | 21.8  |
| Official  |       | (     | (     | (     | (996) | (787) | (627) |
|           | \(1   | 1574) | 1407) | 1254) |       |       |       |
| (         | 742\) |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| 2003-2007 |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| mean)     |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

Table 6. Watch and warning summary for Tropical Storm Fay, 15-26 August
2008.

  ----------- -------- ----------------------------- ---------- -------------------------------
  Date/Time   Action                                 Location   
  (UTC)                                                         

  15 / 2100            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Holguin to Las Tunas Cuba

  15 / 2100            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Central Bahamas

  15 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Southeast Bahamas and Turks &
                                                                Caicos Islands

  15 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Haiti north coast from Gonaives
                                                                northward/Dominican Republic
                                                                from Haiti border northward to
                                                                San Pedro de Macoris

  15 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Guantanamo to Granma Cuba

  16 / 0000            Tropical Storm Warning                   Gonaives to Haiti/ Dominican
                       modified to                              Republic border northward/ Port
                                                                Au Prince to Haiti/ Dominican
                                                                Republic border northward

  16 / 0600            Tropical Storm Warning                   Haiti/ Dominican Republic
                       modified to                              border northward to San Pedro
                                                                de Macoris

  16 / 0600            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Haiti

  16 / 0900            Tropical Storm Warning                   Haiti/ Dominican Republic
                       modified to                              border northward to Cabo
                                                                Frances Viejo

  16 / 1200            Tropical Storm Warning                   Haiti/ Dominican Republic
                       discontinued                             border northward to Cabo
                                                                Frances Viejo

  16 / 1500            Tropical Storm Watch                     Holguin to Las Tunas Cuba
                       discontinued                             

  16 / 1500            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Jamaica

  16 / 1500            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Cayman Islands

  16 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning                   Guantanamo to Camaguey Cuba
                       modified to                              

  16 / 1500            Hurricane Watch issued                   Camaguey to Sancti Spiritus
                                                                Cuba

  16 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning                   Guantanamo to Sancti Spiritus
                       modified to                              Cuba

  16 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning                   Southeast Bahamas and Turks &
                       discontinued                             Caicos Islands

  16 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning                   Haiti
                       discontinued                             

  16 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Port Au Prince to Haiti/
                                                                Dominican Republic border
                                                                southward

  16 / 2100            Hurricane Watch modified to              Camaguey to Matanzas Cuba

  17 / 0000            Tropical Storm Watch                     Cayman Islands
                       discontinued                             

  17 / 0000            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Grand Cayman

  17 / 0000            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Little Cayman to Cayman Brac

  17 / 0300            Tropical Storm Warning                   Port Au Prince to Haiti/
                       discontinued                             Dominican Republic border
                                                                southward

  17 / 0900            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Ocean Reef to Jupiter Inlet
                                                                Florida

  17 / 0900            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Lake Okeechobee Florida

  17 / 0900            Hurricane Watch issued                   Dry Tortugas to Ocean Reef
                                                                Florida

  17 / 0900            Hurricane Watch issued                   Card Sound Bridge to Bonita
                                                                Beach Florida

  17 / 1200            Tropical Storm Warning                   Guantanamo to La Habana Cuba
                       modified to                              

  17 / 1200            Hurricane Watch modified to              Camaguey to La Habana Cuba

  17 / 1500            Tropical Storm Watch                     Central Bahamas
                       discontinued                             

  17 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Dry Tortugas to Craig Key
                                                                Florida

  17 / 1500            Hurricane Watch modified to              Card Sound Bridge to Anna Maria
                                                                Island Florida

  17 / 1800            Tropical Storm Watch                     Jamaica
                       discontinued                             

  17 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning                   Guantanamo to La Habana Cuba
                       discontinued                             

  17 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Camaguey to Isle of Youth Cuba

  17 / 2100            Hurricane Watch modified to              Card Sound Bridge to Tarpon
                                                                Springs Florida

  18 / 0300            Tropical Storm Warning                   Dry Tortugas to Ocean Reef
                       modified to                              Florida

  18 / 0900            Tropical Storm Watch changed             Lake Okeechobee Florida
                       to Tropical Storm Warning                

  18 / 0900            Tropical Storm Watch modified            Jupiter Inlet to Sebastian
                       to                                       Inlet Florida

  18 / 0900            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Northwest Bahamas

  18 / 0900            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Bonita Beach to Jupiter Inlet
                                                                Florida

  18 / 1200            Tropical Storm Watch                     Grand Cayman
                       discontinued                             

  18 / 1200            Tropical Storm Warning                   Little Cayman to Cayman Brac
                       discontinued                             

  18 / 1500            Tropical Storm Watch                     Jupiter Inlet to Sebastian
                       discontinued                             Inlet Florida

  18 / 1500            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Cocoa Beach to Fernandina Beach
                                                                Florida

  18 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning                   Camaguey to Isle of Youth Cuba
                       discontinued                             

  18 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning                   Bonita Beach to Jupiter Inlet
                       discontinued                             Florida

  18 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Flamingo to Cocoa Beach Florida

  18 / 1500            Hurricane Watch modified to              Card Sound Bridge to Flamingo
                                                                Florida

  18 / 1500            Hurricane Watch discontinued             Camaguey to La Habana Cuba

  18 / 1500            Hurricane Warning issued                 Flamingo to Anna Maria Island
                                                                Florida

  18 / 2100            Hurricane Watch changed to               Dry Tortugas to Ocean Reef
                       Tropical Storm Warning                   Florida

  18 / 2100            Tropical Storm Watch modified            Flagler Beach to Fernandina
                       to                                       Beach Florida

  18 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning                   Flamingo to Flagler Beach
                       modified to                              Florida

  18 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Anna Maria Island to Tarpon
                                                                Springs Florida

  18 / 2100            Hurricane Watch discontinued             Card Sound Bridge to Flamingo
                                                                Florida

  19 / 0300            Hurricane Watch changed to               Anna Maria Island to Tarpon
                       Tropical Storm Warning                   Springs Florida

  19 / 0900            Tropical Storm Warning                   Longboat Key to Flagler Beach
                       modified to                              Florida

  19 / 0900            Tropical Storm Warning                   Anna Maria Island to Tarpon
                       discontinued                             Springs Florida

  19 / 0900            Hurricane Warning                        All
                       discontinued                             

  19 / 1500            Tropical Storm Watch                     Northwest Bahamas
                       discontinued                             

  19 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning                   Ocean Reef to Flagler Beach
                       modified to                              Florida

  19 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning                   Ocean Reef to Flagler Beach
                       modified to                              Florida

  19 / 2100            Tropical Storm Watch                     Flagler Beach to Fernandina
                       discontinued                             Beach Florida

  19 / 2100            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Altamaha Sound to Savannah
                                                                River Georgia

  19 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning                   Jupiter Inlet to Flagler Beach
                       modified to                              Florida

  19 / 2100            Hurricane Watch issued                   Flagler Beach Florida to
                                                                Altamaha Sound Georgia

  20 / 0600            Tropical Storm Warning                   Lake Okeechobee Florida
                       discontinued                             

  20 / 0900            Tropical Storm Warning                   Jupiter Inlet Florida to
                       modified to                              Altamaha Sound Georgia

  20 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning                   Fort Pierce Florida to Altamaha
                       modified to                              Sound Georgia

  20 / 1500            Hurricane Watch discontinued             All

  21 / 0300            Tropical Storm Watch                     All
                       discontinued                             

  21 / 0300            Tropical Storm Warning                   Fort Pierce Florida to Savannah
                       modified to                              River Georgia

  21 / 2100            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Indian Pass to Suwanee River
                                                                Florida

  22 / 0000            Tropical Storm Warning                   Sebastian Inlet Florida to
                       modified to                              Savannah River Georgia

  22 / 0300            Tropical Storm Watch modified            Indian Pass to Destin Florida
                       to                                       

  22 / 0300            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Aripeka to Indian Pass Florida

  22 / 1500            Tropical Storm Watch modified            Destin to Alabama-Mississippi
                       to                                       border

  22 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning                   Flagler Beach Florida to
                       modified to                              Savannah River Georgia

  22 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning                   Aripeka to Destin Florida
                       modified to                              

  22 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning                   Flagler Beach Florida to
                       discontinued                             Savannah River Georgia

  23 / 0300            Tropical Storm Watch modified            Mississippi River to
                       to                                       Alabama-Mississippi border

  23 / 0300            Tropical Storm Warning                   Aripeka to Destin Florida
                       discontinued                             

  23 / 0300            Tropical Storm Warning issued            Suwanee River to
                                                                Alabama-Mississippi border

  23 / 0900            Tropical Storm Watch                     Mississippi River to
                       discontinued                             Alabama-Mississippi border

  23 / 0900            Tropical Storm Watch issued              Pearl River Mississippi to
                                                                Grand Isle Louisiana

  23 / 0900            Tropical Storm Warning                   Suwanee River Florida to Pearl
                       modified to                              River Mississippi

  23 / 1500            Tropical Storm Watch modified            Mississippi River to Grand Isle
                       to                                       Louisiana

  23 / 1500            Tropical Storm Warning                   Suwanee River Florida to
                       modified to                              Mississippi River

  23 / 2100            Tropical Storm Watch                     All
                       discontinued                             

  23 / 2100            Tropical Storm Warning                   Suwanee River Florida to
                       modified to                              Alabama-Mississippi border

  24 / 0300            Tropical Storm Warning                   All
                       discontinued                             
  ----------- -------- ----------------------------- ---------- -------------------------------

Number range CHAPTER![](media/image1.jpeg){width="7.622916666666667in"
height="5.881944444444445in"}

Number range CHAPTERFigure 1. Best track positions for Tropical Storm
Fay, 15-26 August 2008. Track positions during the inland tropical

depression and extratropical stages are based on a blend of analyses
from the NOAA Hydrometeorological Prediction Center

and the National Hurricane Center.

![](media/image2.wmf){width="8.368055555555555in"
height="5.8069444444444445in"}

Number range CHAPTERFigure 2. Selected wind observations and best track
maximum sustained surface wind speed curve for Tropical Storm Fay,

15-26 August 2008. Estimates during the inland tropical depression and
extratropical stages are based on a blend of analyses from the

NOAA Hydrometeorological Prediction Center and the National Hurricane
Center. Dashed vertical lines correspond to 0000 UTC.

![](media/image3.wmf){width="8.364583333333334in"
height="5.821527777777778in"}

Number range CHAPTERFigure 3. Selected pressure observations and best
track minimum central pressure curve for Tropical Storm Fay,

15-26 August 2008. Estimates during the inland tropical depression and
extratropical stages are based on a blend of analyses from the

NOAA Hydrometeorological Prediction Center and the National Hurricane
Center. Dashed vertical lines correspond to 0000 UTC.

![](media/image4.jpeg){width="6.242361111111111in" height="5.675in"}

Number range CHAPTERFigure 4. 1811 UTC 19 August 2008 NOAA Doppler radar
reflectivity image. Tropical Storm Fay was at its peak intensity of

60 kt while the eye was skirting the northwestern portion of Lake
Okeechobee, Florida. A well-defined eye feature developed at 0929

UTC 19 August 2008 -- shortly after moving inland over southwestern
Florida -- and persisted until 0212 UTC 20 August2008. Fay

remained over land during the entire period that the eye feature was
apparent in radar imagery.

![](media/image5.png){width="6.738888888888889in"
height="5.989583333333333in"}Number range CHAPTER

Figure 5. Rainfall totals associated with Tropical Storm Fay over the
southeastern United States

(graphic courtesy of NOAA/NCEP Hydrometeorological Prediction Center).

![](media/image6.png){width="7.622916666666667in"
height="5.570138888888889in"}

Figure 6. Rainfall totals for Tropical Storm Fay during its traverse
across Florida, Georgia, and Alabama.

Rainfall maxima of 27.65 in and 27.50 in occurred 8 n mi northwest of
Melbourne, FL and at Thomasville, GA,

respectively (graphic courtesy of NOAA/NCEP Hydrometeorological
Prediction Center).

[^1]: A digital record of the complete best track, including wind radii,
    can be found on line at <ftp://ftp.nhc.noaa.gov/atcf>. Data for the
    current year's storms are located in the *btk* directory, while
    previous years' data are located in the *archive* directory.