FAA VALIDATION OF EASA COUNTRY

SMALL AIRPLANES

TYPE VALIDATION PRINCIPLES AGREEMENT

POTENTIAL VALIDATION ITEMS

Significant Standard Differences (SSD)

14 CFR Part 23 AMENDMENT 57 ***compared to*** CS-23 effective November
14, 2003 (Decision No. 2003/14/RM)

+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| # Item   | # Title             | # F        | # Remarks             |
|          |                     | AR Section |                       |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| **SSD**  |                     |            |                       |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 1        | Stalling Speed      | 23.49      | If stalling speed is  |
|          |                     |            | greater than 61 knots |
|          |                     |            | for single engine     |
|          |                     |            | airplanes, they must  |
|          |                     |            | comply with           |
|          |                     |            | 23.562(d); and those  |
|          |                     |            | multiengine airplanes |
|          |                     |            | greater than 6000     |
|          |                     |            | pounds (2730 kg) that |
|          |                     |            | do not comply with    |
|          |                     |            | 23.67(a)(1), Climb:   |
|          |                     |            | One engine            |
|          |                     |            | inoperative, must     |
|          |                     |            | comply with           |
|          |                     |            | 23.562(d). EASA CS-23 |
|          |                     |            | has no requirement    |
|          |                     |            | corresponding to 14   |
|          |                     |            | CFR, part 23, Section |
|          |                     |            | 23.49(d).             |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 2        | Takeoff climb, one  | 23.67      | Part 23 has           |
|          | engine inoperative  |            | exceptions for planes |
|          |                     |            | that comply with      |
|          |                     |            | Section 23.562(d).    |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 3        | Spinning            | 23.221     | Spin resistant        |
|          |                     |            | airplanes are         |
|          |                     |            | permitted under       |
|          |                     |            | Paragraph             |
|          |                     |            | 23.221(a)(2). EASA    |
|          |                     |            | has no rules for Spin |
|          |                     |            | resistant airplanes   |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 4        | Artificial stall    | 23.691     | All airplanes that    |
|          | barrier system      |            | use 23.691 for        |
|          |                     |            | 23.201, Wings level   |
|          |                     |            | stall, compliance.    |
|          |                     |            | EASA CS-23 has no     |
|          |                     |            | corresponding         |
|          |                     |            | requirement.          |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 5        | Seats, berths,      | 23.785(c)  | Per Paragraph         |
|          | litters, safety     |            | 23.785(c), seat       |
|          | belts and shoulder  |            | restraint systems     |
|          | harnesses           |            | must protect          |
|          |                     |            | occupants per the     |
|          |                     |            | load factors in       |
|          |                     |            | 23.561(b)(2). EASA is |
|          |                     |            | more stringent in     |
|          |                     |            | requiring             |
|          |                     |            | seat/restraint system |
|          |                     |            | meet CS 23.562 in CS  |
|          |                     |            | 23.785(c).            |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 6        | Seats, berths,      | 23.785(m)  | Per Paragraph         |
|          | litters, safety     |            | 23.785(m), berths or  |
|          | belts and shoulder  |            | litters parallel to   |
|          | harnesses           |            | the longitudinal axis |
|          |                     |            | must withstand 9g's   |
|          |                     |            | forward. EASA is more |
|          |                     |            | stringent in          |
|          |                     |            | requiring berths and  |
|          |                     |            | seats parallel to the |
|          |                     |            | longitudinal axis to  |
|          |                     |            | withstand 18g's       |
|          |                     |            | forward in CS         |
|          |                     |            | 23.785(m).            |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 7        | Cargo and baggage   | 23.855     | CS allows flame       |
|          | compartment fire    |            | resistant             |
|          | protection          |            | flammability for      |
|          |                     |            | normal, utility and   |
|          |                     |            | acrobatic airplanes   |
|          |                     |            | while Part 23         |
|          |                     |            | requires              |
|          |                     |            | self-extinguishing.   |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 8        | Installation        | 23.901     | Turbine engine inlet  |
|          |                     |            | capability to         |
|          |                     |            | withstand rain, hail, |
|          |                     |            | ice, and bird         |
|          |                     |            | ingestion not less    |
|          |                     |            | than part 33 in 14    |
|          |                     |            | CFR, but CS-23 has    |
|          |                     |            | specific requirements |
|          |                     |            | for rain into inlets  |
|          |                     |            | of 4% by weight but   |
|          |                     |            | no corresponding      |
|          |                     |            | requirements for      |
|          |                     |            | birds, hail or ice.   |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 9        | Reversing systems   | 23.933     | EASA is more          |
|          |                     |            | stringent in that     |
|          |                     |            | CS-23 has             |
|          |                     |            | turbopropeller,       |
|          |                     |            | commuter category     |
|          |                     |            | rule not in 14 CFR,   |
|          |                     |            | part 23.              |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 10       | Fuel system         | 23.953     | 14 CFR, part 23,      |
|          | independence        |            | Section 23.953, Fuel  |
|          |                     |            | system independence:  |
|          |                     |            | permits one fuel tank |
|          |                     |            | in multiengine        |
|          |                     |            | airplanes in          |
|          |                     |            | Paragraph 23.953(a)   |
|          |                     |            | and gives             |
|          |                     |            | requirements for a    |
|          |                     |            | single fuel tank in   |
|          |                     |            | multiengine airplanes |
|          |                     |            | in Paragraph          |
|          |                     |            | 23.953(b). CS-23 has  |
|          |                     |            | no rule for single    |
|          |                     |            | fuel tanks or series  |
|          |                     |            | of interconnected     |
|          |                     |            | fuel tanks used in a  |
|          |                     |            | multiengine airplane  |
|          |                     |            | as in Paragraph (b).  |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 11       | Induction system    | 23.1093    | To ensure compliance  |
|          | icing protection    |            | to US methods, for    |
|          |                     |            | icing protection.     |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+
| 12       | Ice protection      | 23.1419    | Paragraph 23.1419(a)  |
|          |                     |            | defines "Capable of   |
|          |                     |            | operating safely" and |
|          |                     |            | Paragraph 23.1419(b)  |
|          |                     |            | requires natural      |
|          |                     |            | icing flight tests    |
|          |                     |            | unless similarity per |
|          |                     |            | 23.1419(c) is         |
|          |                     |            | appropriate. EASA     |
|          |                     |            | CS-23 does not define |
|          |                     |            | "Capable of operating |
|          |                     |            | safely" in CS 23.1419 |
|          |                     |            | and has no            |
|          |                     |            | corresponding         |
|          |                     |            | requirement to 14     |
|          |                     |            | CFR, Part 23,         |
|          |                     |            | Paragraph 23.1419(b). |
|          |                     |            | To ensure use of most |
|          |                     |            | recent US compliance  |
|          |                     |            | methods.              |
+----------+---------------------+------------+-----------------------+

> Note: 14 CFR, part 23, has rules in Sections 23.57, 23.61, and 23.1309
> for more than two engines airplanes that are not in EASA CS-23. These
> are standards differences but are not considered Significant.