TECHNICAL NOTES

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE

PORTLAND, OREGON February 2001

ENGINEERING TECHNICAL NOTE NO. 5

# 

# OREGON ANIMAL WASTE MANAGEMENT (ORAWM)

##### DESIGN AID

Bruce Wilson

Conservation Planning Engineer

USDA-NRCS

Portland, Oregon

## Table of Contents Page Number

## Introduction [1](#Introduction)

Other Tools [1](#other-tools)

Components of the ORAWM Design Aid
[2](#components-of-the-orawm-design-aid)

Additional Information [9](#Additional)

Instructions for Using the ORAWM Design Aid
[9](#instructions-for-using-the-orawm-design-aid)

Inventory Worksheet Inputs [10](#Inventory)

## Production Worksheet Inputs [15](#Production)

## Storage Worksheet Inputs [16](#Storage)

## Solid Stacking Facility [16](#Solid)

## Tank [18](#Tank)

## Waste Holding Pond [20](#Pond)

## Evaporation Pond [21](#EvapPond)

## Application Worksheet Inputs [22](#Application)

## Utilization Worksheet Inputs [25](#Utilization)

Nutrient Balance Worksheet Inputs [28](#Nutrient)

Printout of Workbook [30](#Printout)

**[Introduction]{.underline}**[]{#Introduction .anchor}

The Oregon Animal Waste Management(ORAWM) design aid is a tool that
allows a planner to input resource inventory information gathered for an
animal feeding operation to analyze the production, storage, application
and utilization phases of an animal waste management system. The ORAWM
design aid is intended to allow a planner to quickly develop
alternatives for animal waste management systems to discuss with the
client. Once the client selects an animal waste management system to
implement, the ORAWM design aid provides the necessary information to
design the waste storage facilities and develop nutrient budget
specifications for the crops grown and determine the amounts of manure
and organic materials to apply in accordance with the nutrient budget
specifications.

The ORAWM design aid provides design information for the following NRCS
conservation practices:

-   313- Waste Storage Facility.

-   590- Nutrient Management.

-   633- Waste Utilization.

The Office 97 Version of the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet program was
used to develop the ORAWM design aid.

## Other Tools 

AWM is a planning tool used to estimate the production of waste
materials within an animal feeding operation and determine the size of
storage/treatment facilities. The process and calculations used in AWM
are based on the USDA-NRCS Agricultural Waste Management Field Handbook.
AWM will determine the volumes of waste produced, managed in the
treatment/storage system, and produced during specified periods.
However, AWM does not track mass or concentration of nutrients nor does
it address rates for land application or other utilization alternatives.

AWM can be downloaded from the NRCS internet site at:

> http://www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/water/quality/common/wastemgmt/awm.html

Manure Management Planner (MMP) is a Windows-based computer program
developed at Purdue University that is used to create manure management
plans for crop and animal feeding operations. The user enters
information about the operation\'s fields, crops, storage, animals, and
application equipment. MMP helps the user allocate manure (where, when
and how much) on a monthly basis for the length of the plan (1-10
years). This allocation process helps determine if the current operation
has sufficient crop acreage, seasonal land availability, manure storage
capacity, and application equipment to manage the manure produced in an
environmentally responsible manner. MMP is also useful for identifying
changes that may be needed for a non-sustainable operation to become
sustainable, and determine what changes may be needed to keep an
operation sustainable if the operation expands.

## The Manure Management Planner(MNP) can be downloaded from the Purdue internet site at: http://www.agry.purdue.edu/mmp/ 

## Components of the ORAWM Design Aid

The Excel spreadsheet for the ORAWM design aid is broken into seven
worksheets within the ORAWM workbook.

The first worksheet listed in the ORAWM workbook is the worksheet tab
labeled **ReadMe** that summarizes information about the workbook that
the user would need in order to use the workbook. There are no inputs
required by the user in the **ReadMe** worksheet.

![](media/image1.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="4.872222222222222in"}

The second worksheet in the ORAWM workbook is the worksheet tab labeled
**Inventory**. In this worksheet the user enters the inventory
information collected for an animal feeding operation. Agronomy
Technical Note 20 contains a field inventory form that outlines the type
of data ![](media/image2.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="4.872222222222222in"}needed for input into this worksheet.

The third worksheet in the ORAWM workbook is the worksheet tab labeled
**Production**. The **Production** worksheet displays the volume of
waste produced in the liquid, solid, and grazing form and the amount of
nutrients produced on a monthly basis. No inputs are required in the
**Production** worksheet.

![](media/image3.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="4.872222222222222in"}

The fourth worksheet in the ORAWM workbook is the worksheet tab labeled
**Storage**. The **Storage** worksheet is used to size the solids and
liquids waste storage facilities. The **Storage** worksheet can be used
to size a solids storage facility, a tank and a waste holding pond based
on inputs provided by the user.

![](media/image4.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="4.872222222222222in"}

The fifth worksheet in the ORAWM workbook is the worksheet tab labeled
**Application**. The **Application** worksheet is used to compute the
application rates for liquids and solids based on the concentration of
nutrients in the storage facilities and amount of nutrients needed to
grow the crops listed on the **Inventory** worksheet. Losses based on
storage, application and denitrification should be checked in the
**Utilization** worksheet before using the **Application** worksheet.

![](media/image5.png){width="6.5in" height="4.875in"}

The sixth worksheet in the ORAWM workbook is the worksheet tab labeled
**Utilization**. The **Utilization** worksheet is used to determine
losses of nutrients from storage, application, and denitrification. The
**Utilization** worksheet is also used to allocate nutrients and compute
a nutrient balance based on the nutrient uptake of the crops entered on
the **Inventory** worksheet.

![](media/image6.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="4.872222222222222in"}

The seventh worksheet in the ORAWM workbook is located in worksheet tab
labeled **Nutrient Budget**. The **Nutrient Budget** worksheet is used
to develop a nutrient budget for the crops listed on the **Inventory**
worksheet.

![](media/image7.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="4.872222222222222in"}

There is an eighth worksheet contained in the ORAWM workbook that
contains all of the information used in the drop-down list boxes. The
eighth worksheet is the **Resource Data** tab that is hidden because the
data it contains is loaded into other worksheets as needed for the user
to access.

**[Additional Information]{.underline}**[]{#Additional .anchor}

A detailed description of the computations and data that the ORAWM
Design Aid uses to determine the volumes of waste and amount of
nutrients produced are contained in the Agricultural Waste Management
Field Handbook(AWMFH) which is part 651 of the NRCS National Engineering
Handbook. Some of the data in the AWMFH has been revised to reflect
information generated by research or field studies conducted by Oregon
State University on farms in Oregon and may not be appropriate for use
in other states.

#### Instructions for Using the ORAWM Design Aid

![](media/image8.png){width="2.232638888888889in"
height="1.2486111111111111in"}The ORAWM Design Aid is available for
downloading off of the Oregon NRCS ftp site that can be accessed using a
web browser or ftp software at the following URL:

ftp://162.79.125.60/pub/eng/DesignAids/ORAWM/

![](media/image9.png){width="3.4in" height="1.9958333333333333in"}The
file is ORAWMExcel.exe, which is a self-extracting WinZip file that
defaults to the C:\\ORAWM directory when unzipped. The user can redirect
the unzipped file to a directory of choice simply by changing path
indicated by the WinZip software.

![](media/image10.png){width="3.4in" height="1.9305555555555556in"}Once
the ORAWM Design Aid workbook file is unzipped, it can be loaded into
Microsoft Excel program by using the File Open utility within Excel.
When loading the ORAWM Design Aid workbook file into Excel the program
will prompt the user whether or not to disable or enable macros
contained within workbook. The user will have to click on "Enable
Macros" box in order to utilize the computational functions of the
workbook. Next the program will prompt the user whether or not they want
to open the file as "read only" or not. The user should always open the
file as "read only" in order to preserve the integrity of workbook for
future use.

The user should access the File Save As utility to save the workbook to
filename that identifies the animal feeding operation the user is
providing assistance to, this can be the name of the operation or the
client's name.

![](media/image12.png){width="4.364583333333333in"
height="2.436111111111111in"}

In order to properly analyze the production, storage, application and
utilization phases of an animal waste management system, the user is
required to input information on the appropriate worksheet within the
ORAWM Design Aid workbook. Input cells are indicated by cells with bold
red alphanumeric characters on a gray background. Computed values by the
workbook are indicated by cells with blue numeric characters on a white
background. Data extracted from the **Resource Data** worksheet are
indicated by cells with black alphanumeric characters on a white
background or cells with bold red alphanumeric characters on a gray
background if the data can be edited.

**[Inventory Worksheet Inputs]{.underline}**[]{#Inventory .anchor}

Once the workbook is loaded into the Microsoft Excel program and saved
to working filename, the user is ready to input information into the
**Inventory** worksheet.

![](media/image13.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="2.923611111111111in"}

**Client:** Enter the client's name or the name of the animal feeding
operation in the appropriate cell.

**Assisted By:** Enter the user's name in the appropriate cell.

**Checked by:** Enter the person's name that checked the user inputs in
the appropriate cell.

**Milk Production in Pounds/Cow/Day** This input cell on the
**Inventory** worksheet is only for milking cows associated with a
dairy. For this type of animal the worksheet uses data developed by
Professor Jack Van Horn with the University of Florida that relates the
amount of nutrients and the volume of manure produced to the milk the
animal produces in pounds per cow per day. If the user selects another
type of animal to replace the MILKER type, a built in macro will clear
this input cell out of the worksheet. If the average milk production of
the milking herd is unknown use the default value of 70 pounds per cow
per day otherwise enter the average milk production of the milking herd
in pounds per cow per day.

**Type of Animal** Use the drop-down list boxes to select the type of
animals the animal feeding operation is based on. Up to ten different
animal types can be selected based on the animal types listed in the
**Resource Data** worksheet.

**Number of Animals** Enter the number of animals for each animal type
selected in the appropriate cell.

**Average Weight (lbs.)** Enter the average weight of each animal type
selected in the appropriate cell.

![](media/image14.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="3.045138888888889in"}

**Grazing Period**

The next inputs the user should make deal with the percentage of time
animals are grazed during each month of the year. For most dairies that
pasture the milking herd, they are on the pastures 75% to 85% of the
time during a month. For operations that are a total confinement type of
operation and never graze their animals, the animals are on the pastures
0% of the time. The number of animals can be reduced if the operation
removes some of the animals from the operation during certain times of
the year. This action will cause the nutrients and manure generated from
these animals to be shown in the off farm section of the **Production**
worksheet and the off farm grazing nutrients section of the
**Utilization** worksheet. Enter the percentage of time the animals are
on pasture, the number of animals pastured and the total AUMs available
in the appropriate cells.

![](media/image15.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="2.8020833333333335in"}

**Weather Station** Use the drop-down list box to select the weather
station that best represents the location of the animal feeding
operation based on the weather station data stored on the **Resource
Data** worksheet. The 25 year-24 hour storm precipitation, normal
precipitation, normal evaporation, paved and unpaved runoff values may
be edited if local data is available or if the stored data does not
accurately represent the climatic data for the animal feeding operation
being evaluated.

**Areas contributing runoff to liquid storage facility** Enter the paved
lot area, unpaved lot area, roof area and surface area of the silage
storage facility in the appropriate cell if their surface area
contributes rainfall runoff to the storage facility. Select the
appropriate condition from the drop down box that indicates whether or
not paved areas contributing runoff are scraped daily which changes the
runoff factor depending an whether a "Yes" or "No" is selected. Select
the appropriate condition from the drop down box that indicates whether
or not seepage from the silage storage facility enters the liquid
storage facility or not.

**Water use that enters liquid storage facility** Enter the number of
animals, number of washes per day and the gallons of water used per wash
for animal washwater, equipment washwater, flushwater and miscellaneous
washwater in the appropriate cells. The number of animals entered only
affects the total washwater produced from washing animals.

![](media/image16.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="3.9277777777777776in"}

**Crop data** Using the drop-down list boxes, select the types of crops
grown that will utilize the nutrients and organics produced from the
animal feeding operation. Also enter the field number, acres and target
yield for each crop selected in the appropriate cells. Data for an
off-farm crop can be entered as well but is not necessary to complete
the evaluation of the animal feeding operation.

**Bedding volume** Using the drop-down list boxes select the type of
bedding facility and bedding material used for each type of animal
listed. Default data will be listed for the unit weight and the amount
needed will be listed based on the data stored on the **Resource Data**
worksheet. The volume of bedding in cubic feet per day per animal unit
is computed based the bedding unit weight and amount needed. The bedding
unit weight and amount needed can be edited so the computed bedding
volume reflects the actual volume used for the operation or the actual
volume of bedding used in cubic feet per day per animal unit can be
entered in the appropriate cells.

![](media/image17.png){width="6.495833333333334in" height="2.375in"}

**Solids separation factor** Use the drop-down list boxes to select the
type of separator system used for each type of animal listed. The
default separation factors and density of separated solids will be
listed base on the stored data on the **Resource Data** worksheet. The
separation factor and density of separated solids can be edited for each
type of separator as appropriate to better represent the separation and
density of the solids separated for the animal feeding operation being
evaluated.

**[Production Worksheet Inputs]{.underline}**[]{#Production .anchor}

![](media/image3.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="4.567361111111111in"}

No inputs are needed on the **Production** worksheet. The production
worksheet summarizes monthly volumes of runoff, facility water use,
bedding, total solids and total liquids. It also summarizes daily
nutrient production for liquids, solids and grazing and monthly nutrient
production of liquids, solids, grazing, off-farm, and for all sources.

The information on the **Production** worksheet is used on other
worksheets within the workbook.

**[Storage Worksheet Inputs]{.underline}**[]{#Storage .anchor}

![](media/image19.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="3.8368055555555554in"}The Storage worksheet automatically
updates computed data in the worksheet after every entry by running a
macro containing visual basic subroutines for sizing storage facilities.
If an error is generated while entering information, the macro will have
to be reset so updates to computed data can be made.

![](media/image20.png)

**[Solid Stacking Facility]{.underline}**[]{#Solid .anchor}

The **Storage** worksheet will compute the length needed for the planned
solids storage facility based on the following inputs:

**Storage Period, Days=** Enter the storage period for the solids
storage facility planned in the appropriate cell. Starting on page
OR-10-26(1) in the NRCS Agricultural Waste Management Field
Handbook(AWMFH) is a procedure that can be used to document storage
times for waste storage facilities. If the storage period determination
procedure in the AWMFH is not used, the storage period must be justified
in the documentation for the storage facility design.

**Stacking Width, W in Feet=** Enter the planned storage width of the
planned facility in feet in the appropriate cell.

**Stacking Height, H in Feet=** Enter the planned storage height of the
stacked solids in feet in the appropriate cell.

**Wall Height, h in Feet=** Enter the planned wall height of the storage
facility in feet in the appropriate cell.

**Stack Side Slope (X:1)=** Enter the planned side slope in the
appropriate cell for the stacked solids as a ratio of feet horizontal
for every foot of rise vertically.

**Existing Storage, Cubic Feet=** If there are existing solids storage
facilities, enter the volume of the existing facilities in cubic feet in
the appropriate cell. If there are no existing solids storage
facilities, enter 0.

**Surface Area of the Existing Storage, SF=** If the existing solids
storage facilities are not roofed, enter the unroofed area of the
existing solids storage facilities in square feet in the appropriate
cell. If the existing storage facilities are roofed or there are no
existing solids storage facilities, enter 0 in the appropriate cell.

**Is Facility Covered?** Use the drop-down list box to indicate if the
planned solids storage facility will be roofed(Yes) or unroofed(No).

**Note:** If the volume of the stacking facility seems excessive for the
operation being evaluated, the stacking height and the wall height
should be reduced to reduce the size of the facility.

The worksheet will place "0"s in the stacking width, stacking height,
wall height, stack side slope, and design volume cells if existing
storage facilities have adequate capacity to store the solids produce
during the storage period entered.

![](media/image21.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="4.872222222222222in"}

**[Tank]{.underline}**[]{#Tank .anchor}

The **Storage** worksheet will compute the depth needed in feet for the
planned tank liquid storage facility based on the following inputs:

**Storage Period, Days=** Enter the storage period for the tank liquids
storage facility planned in the appropriate cell. Starting on page
OR-10-26(1) in the NRCS Agricultural Waste Management Field
Handbook(AWMFH) is a procedure that can be used to document storage
times for waste storage facilities. If the storage period determination
procedure in the AWMFH is not used, the storage period must be justified
in the documentation for the storage facility design.

**Tank Dimensions?** Using the drop-down list box select the type of
tank, Circular or Rectangular, that is planned for liquids storage. If
the type of tank selected is rectangular the worksheet will run a macro
to change the appropriate cells to indicate the input dimensions will be
length and width instead of diameter.

**Tank Diameter, Feet=** If the type of planned tank is circular, enter
the planned tank diameter in feet in the appropriate cell.

**Tank Width, Feet=** If the type of planned tank is rectangular, enter
the planned tank width in feet in the appropriate cell.

**Tank Length, Feet=** If the type of planned tank is rectangular, enter
the planned tank length in feet in the appropriate cell.

**Existing Storage, Cubic Feet=** If there are existing liquid storage
facilities, enter the volume of existing liquid storage facilities in
cubic feet in the appropriate cell.

**Surface Area of Existing Storage, SF=** If the existing liquids
storage facilities are not covered, enter the uncovered area of the
existing liquids storage facilities in square feet in the appropriate
cell. If the existing liquid storage facilities are covered or there are
no existing liquid storage facilities, enter 0 in the appropriate cell.

**Is Tank Covered?** Use the drop-down list box to indicate if the
planned liquid tank storage facility will be roofed(Yes) or
unroofed(No).

![](media/image22.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="2.314583333333333in"}

**[Waste holding pond]{.underline}**[]{#Pond .anchor}

The **Storage** worksheet will compute the depth, top width, top length
needed in feet for the planned waste holding pond liquid storage
facility based on the following inputs:

**Storage Period, Days=** Enter the storage period for the waste holding
pond liquid storage facility planned in the appropriate cell. Starting
on page OR-10-26(1) in the NRCS Agricultural Waste Management Field
Handbook(AWMFH) is a procedure that can be used to document storage
times for waste storage facilities. If the storage period determination
procedure in the AWMFH is not used, the storage period must be justified
in the documentation for the storage facility design.

**Side Slope (X:1)=** Enter the planned inside side slope in the
appropriate cell for the planned liquid waste holding pond as a ratio of
feet horizontal for every foot of rise vertically.

**Bottom Width, BW, Feet=** Enter the planned bottom width in feet of
the planned liquid waste holding pond in the appropriate cell.

**Bottom Length, BL, Feet=** Enter the planned bottom length in feet of
the planned liquid waste holding pond in the appropriate cell.

**Accumulated Solids Duration, Years=** Enter the years of additional
storage required for accumulated solids for the planned liquid waste
holding pond in the appropriate cell. It is recommended that at least 1
foot of solids storage be included for planned waste holding ponds to
provide minimal storage for solids accumulation and to protect any
lining materials that are to be installed.

**Existing Storage, Acre Feet=** Enter the volume in acre feet of any
existing liquid storage facilities in the appropriate cell.

**Surface Area of Existing Storage, SF=** Enter the uncovered area in
square feet of any existing liquid storage facilities in the appropriate
cell. If the existing liquid storage facilities are covered or there are
no existing liquid storage facilities, enter 0 in the appropriate cell.

**[Evaporation pond]{.underline}**[]{#EvapPond .anchor}

![](media/image24.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="4.872222222222222in"}The **Storage** worksheet will compute the
depth, top width, top length needed in feet for the planned evaporation
pond liquid storage facility if there is adequate evaporation based on
the following inputs:

**Storage Period, Days=** Enter the storage period in the appropriate
cell for the evaporation pond planned. Starting on page OR-10-26(1) in
the NRCS Agricultural Waste Management Field Handbook(AWMFH) is a
procedure that can be used to document storage times for waste storage
facilities. If the storage period determination procedure in the AWMFH
is not used, the storage period must be justified in the documentation
for the storage facility design.

**Side Slope (X:1)=** Enter the planned inside side slope in the
appropriate cell for the planned evaporation pond as a ratio of feet
horizontal for every foot of rise vertically.

**Bottom Width, BW, Feet=** Enter the planned bottom width in feet of
the planned evaporation pond in the appropriate cell.

**Bottom Length, BL, Feet=** Enter the planned bottom length in feet of
the planned evaporation pond in the appropriate cell.

**Accumulated Solids Duration, Years=** Enter the years of additional
storage required for accumulated solids for the planned evaporation pond
in the appropriate cell. It is recommended that at least 1 foot of
solids storage be included for evaporation ponds to provide minimal
storage for solids accumulation and to protect any lining materials that
are to be installed.

**Existing Storage, Acre Feet=** Enter the volume in acre feet of any
existing liquid storage facilities in the appropriate cell.

**Surface Area of Existing Storage, SF=** Enter the uncovered area in
square feet of any existing liquid storage facilities in the appropriate
cell. If the existing liquid storage facilities are covered or there are
no existing liquid storage facilities, enter 0 in the appropriate cell.

**Note:** The worksheet will compute a depth based on the minimum length
and width needed to evaporate all of the liquids. If the inputs are less
than the minimum, the worksheet will recalculate the depth based on the
minimum length and width needed to evaporate all of the liquids.

![](media/image25.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="2.9541666666666666in"}[]{#Application .anchor}**[Application
Worksheet Inputs]{.underline}**

**[Management Criteria for Tractor Spreader Application of
Solids]{.underline}**

The **Application** worksheet will compute the number of applications to
be applied based on the maximum nutrient uptake of the crop listed, the
inches of solids to apply, the travel length in feet per load, and the
loads per acre based on the following inputs:

Use the drop-down list box to select the nutrient type that the nutrient
applications will be based on. Changing the nutrient type on the
**Application** worksheet will also change the nutrient type listed on
the **Utilization** worksheet.

**Tractor Spreader Capacity** Enter the capacity of the planned tractor
spreader in bushels or cubic feet in the appropriate cell. If the
tractor spreader capacity is entered in bushels the capacity in cubic
feet will be computed and vice versa.

**Spread Width Feet** Enter the spread width of the planned tractor
spreader in feet in the appropriate cell.

**Nitrogen, N Concentration in Storage Facility** Enter the nutrient
concentration in parts per million(PPM) or pounds per 100 cubic
feet(Lbs/100CF) of the solids to be spread in the appropriate cell. If
the concentration is entered in PPM the Lbs/100CF will be computed and
vice versa.

**Pounds of Nutrients to be Applied** Enter the amount of nutrient
specified in pounds in the appropriate cell to be applied to each crop
listed. Fertilizer Guide Sheets and other manure related publications
developed by Oregon State University can be used as a guide to determine
the amount and timing of nutrient applications.

![](media/image26.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="2.1930555555555555in"}

**[Management Criteria for big gun Application of liquids]{.underline}**

The **Application** worksheet will compute the number of applications to
be applied based on the maximum nutrient uptake of the crop listed, the
inches of liquids to apply, the application rate in inches per hour, set
time in hours, and travel rate in feet per minute based on the following
inputs:

Use the drop-down list box to select the nutrient type that the nutrient
applications will be based on. Changing the nutrient type on the
**Application** worksheet will also change the nutrient type listed on
the **Utilization** worksheet.

**Sprinkler Flowrate GPM** Enter the planned big gun sprinkler flowrate
in gallons per minute in the appropriate cell.

**Wetted Diameter Feet** Enter the wetted diameter in feet of the
planned big gun sprinkler in the appropriate cell.

**Portion of Wetted Diameter Receiving Liquids** Use the drop-down list
boxes to select the portion of the wetted diameter of the planned big
gun sprinkler that will be receiving wastewater.

**Nitrogen, N Concentration in Storage Facility** Enter the nutrient
concentration in parts per million(PPM) or pounds per 1000
gallons(Lbs/1000Gal) of the wastewater to be applied in the appropriate
cell. If the concentration is entered in PPM the Lbs/1000Gal will be
computed and vice versa.

**Pounds of Nutrients to be Applied** Enter the amount of nutrient
specified in pounds to be applied to each crop listed in the appropriate
cell. Fertilizer Guide Sheets and other manure related publications
developed by Oregon State University can be used as a guide to determine
the amount and timing of nutrient applications.

![](media/image27.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="2.192361111111111in"}

**[Management Criteria for tank wagon Application of
liquids]{.underline}**

The **Application** worksheet will compute the number of applications to
be applied based on the maximum nutrient uptake of the crop listed, the
inches of liquids to apply, the travel length per load needed in feet,
and loads per acre based on the following inputs:

Use the drop-down list box to select the nutrient type that the nutrient
applications will be based on. Changing the nutrient type on the
**Application** worksheet will also change the nutrient type listed on
the **Utilization** worksheet.

**Tank Wagon Capacity Gallons** Enter the capacity in gallons of the
planned tank wagon in the appropriate cell.

**Spread Width Feet** Enter the spread width of the planned tank wagon
in feet in the appropriate cell.

**Nitrogen, N Concentration in Storage Facility** Enter the nutrient
concentration in parts per million(PPM) or pounds per 1000
gallons(Lbs/1000Gal) of the liquids to be spread in the appropriate
cell. If the concentration is entered in PPM the Lbs/1000Gal will be
computed and vice versa.

**Pounds of Nutrients to be Applied** Enter the amount of nutrient
specified in pounds to be applied to each crop listed in the appropriate
cell. Fertilizer Guide Sheets and other manure related publications
developed by Oregon State University can be used as a guide to determine
the amount and timing of nutrient applications.

![](media/image28.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="1.9791666666666667in"}[]{#Utilization .anchor}**[Utilization
Worksheet Inputs]{.underline}**

**[Nutrients Available after Storage]{.underline}**

The pounds of nutrients retained after storage for manure liquids,
solids, and grazing will be computed by the **Utilization** worksheet
based on the following inputs:

**Type of Operation** Use the drop-down list box to select the type of
animal feeding operation the evaluation is being done for.

**Type of Storage Facility** Use the drop-down list boxes to select the
type of storage facility used for waste materials in the liquid, solid
and grazing forms.

**Percent Nutrients Retained After Storage** Default values for percent
nutrients retained will be listed for the different types of storage
facilities selected based on values stored on the **Resource Data**
worksheet. The value for percent nutrients retained for a storage pond
will be computed based on the percent dilution that occurs during the
storage period. Edit the percent nutrients retained values listed for
nitrogen(N), phosphorous(P~2~O~5~), and potassium(K~2~O) as appropriate
to reflect the estimated pounds of nutrients retained after storage.

![](media/image29.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="1.2791666666666666in"}

**[Nutrients Available after application]{.underline}**

The pounds of nutrients retained after application for manure liquids,
solids, and grazing will be computed by the **Utilization** worksheet
based on the following inputs:

**Type of Application System** Use the drop-down list box to select the
type of application system used to apply waste in the liquid, solid and
grazing form.

**Percent Nutrients Retained After Application** Default values for
percent nutrients retained will be listed for the different types of
application systems selected based on values stored on the **Resource
Data** worksheet. Edit the percent nutrients retained values listed for
nitrogen(N), phosphorous(P~2~O~5~), and potassium(K~2~O) as appropriate
to reflect the estimated pounds of nutrients retained after application.

![](media/image30.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="1.3097222222222222in"}

**[Nutrients Available after denitrification]{.underline}**

The pounds of nutrients retained after denitrification for manure
liquids, solids, and grazing will be computed by the **Utilization**
worksheet based on the following inputs:

**Soil Drainage Class** Use the drop-down list box to select the soil
drainage class for the areas where liquid, solid and grazing forms of
waste will be applied.

**Percent Nutrients Retained After Denitrification** Default values for
percent nutrients retained will be listed for the different types of
soil drainage classes selected based on values stored on the **Resource
Data** worksheet. Edit the percent nutrients retained values listed for
nitrogen(N), phosphorous(P~2~O~5~), and potassium(K~2~O) as appropriate
to reflect the estimated pounds of nutrients retained after
denitrification.

![](media/image31.png){width="6.495833333333334in"
height="3.7152777777777777in"}**[Percent of manure to be applied to
field and utilization acres needed based on nitrogen, n]{.underline}**

The **Utilization** worksheet computes the pounds of nutrients to be
applied for manure liquids, solids, and grazing based on the following
inputs:

Use the drop-down list box to select the nutrient type that the nutrient
applications will be based on. Changing the nutrient type on the
**Utilization** worksheet will also change the nutrient type listed on
the **Application** worksheet.

**Percent to be Applied** Enter the percent of nutrients to be applied
to each of the crops listed in the appropriate cell. The worksheet will
compute the initial percentages to be applied when the crops are
selected on the **Inventory** worksheet based on the weighted crop
uptake. The amount of nutrients applied to each crop from waste liquids,
solids, and grazing can be adjusted by adjusting the percentages of
nutrients applied. If the percentages of nutrients applied for waste
liquids, solids or grazing are less than 100%, the worksheet assumes the
remaining nutrients will be sent off farm so the total percentage of
applied nutrients is always 100%.

**[Nutrient balance based on available acres]{.underline}**

A nutrient balance based on the nutrient uptake and available acres for
each crop listed is computed for each of the crops listed. No inputs are
needed in this section of the **Utilization** worksheet. The amount of
nutrients applied per acre can be adjusted by changing the percent of
nutrients applied for each crop in the previous section.

![](media/image32.png){width="3.6333333333333333in"
height="4.872222222222222in"}[]{#Nutrient .anchor}**[Nutrient Balance
Worksheet Inputs]{.underline}**

**Tract:** Enter the tract that the nutrient balance is being developed
for in the appropriate cell.

**Date:** The worksheet will show the current date which can be edited
so that it is locked and cannot change automatically.

**[Table 1. Field Conditions and Recommendations]{.underline}**

**Crop Sequence/Rotation (circle current crop)** The crop entered on the
Inventory worksheet will be displayed. Edit as necessary to accurately
reflect the cropping system the nutrient balance is developed for.

**Current Soil Test Levels (ppm or lb/ac)** Enter the nitrogen(N)
concentration, phosphorous(P) concentration, potassium(K) concentration,
pH, percent soil organic matter(S.O.M.%), and electrical
conductivity(EC) in the appropriate cells from the soil test report for
the fields the nutrient balance is being developed for.

**Recommended Nutrients/Amendments To Meet Expected Yield** Refer to the
NRCS Nutrient Management standard 590 for guidance on selecting the
amount of nutrients to be entered for Trial A and Trial B. Refer to
fertilizer guidesheets for the crop listed to determine the amount of
other amendments to apply.

**[Table 2. Nutrient Sources]{.underline}**

**[Credits]{.underline}**

1.  **Nitrogen credits from previous legume crop** Enter the nitrogen
    credits in pounds per acre if applicable in the appropriate cell.

2.  **Residual from long term manure application** The workbook assumes
    that the fields listed has or will receive manure on a long term
    basis and that the amount of nitrogen released from long term manure
    application will be in balance with the amount of nitrogen applied
    in the organic form that is partially unavailable the first year of
    application, therefore enter 0. If the field has received manure
    applications in the past but is not receiving manure applications
    but will be fertilized with commercial fertilizer, enter the amount
    of estimated nitrogen in pounds per acre that will be available from
    manure during the annual crop growth cycle.

3.  **Irrigation water** Enter the amount of nitrogen in pounds per acre
    that will be applied from irrigation water applications during the
    annual crop growth cycle in the appropriate cell. This information
    can be determined from irrigation water tests or taken from studies
    that the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality or United States
    Geological Society have done in the area where the animal feeding
    operation is located.

4.  **Other(e.g. atmospheric deposition)** Enter any other nitrogen
    credits in pounds per acre that the crop will receive during the
    annual crop cycle in the appropriate cell.

**[Plant-Available Nutrients Applied to Field]{.underline}**

7.  **Fertilizers** Enter any starter or commercial fertilizer planned
    for application to the field during the annual crop growth cycle in
    pounds per acre of nitrogen(N), phosphorous(P~2~O~5~) and
    potassium(K~2~O) for Trial A in the appropriate cell.

8.  **Manure / Organic Materials** **(Source-)** The workbook will
    automatically insert the amount of manure and organic nutrients
    applied from the utilization sheet for Trial A so no entry is needed
    in the cells for nitrogen(N), phosphorous(P~2~O~5~) and
    potassium(K~2~O).

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11. **Nutrient Status (Subtract line 10 from line 9)** The worksheet
    will automatically calculate the nutrient status. If the nutrient
    status is not within criteria as outlined in the NRCS Nutrient
    Management standard 590, then go to Trial B and make adjustments to
    recommended nutrient applications for Trial B in Table 1. and lines
    7 and 8 for Trial B in Table 2. until the criteria in the standard
    is met.

**[Planned Nutrient Applications]{.underline}**

**Amount to be Applied (lb/ac)** Enter the amount of nutrients to be
applied in pounds per acre from line 9 in the appropriate cell.

**Method, Form and Timing of Application** Describe the method, form and
timing of the planned nutrient applications to the crop. Information
from the Application worksheet can be helpful in describing how the
nutrients from the manure can be applied to meet the recommended
amounts.

**[Printout of]{.underline}** []{#Printout
.anchor}**[Workbook]{.underline}**

The following is a printout of all the worksheets for the example that
is already entered into the ORAWM Design Aid workbook:

![](media/image33.png){width="4.885416666666667in"
height="6.427083333333333in"}**[Readme Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image33.png){width="4.885416666666667in"
height="6.427083333333333in"}**[Readme Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image34.png){width="6.489583333333333in"
height="8.520833333333334in"}

![](media/image33.png){width="4.885416666666667in"
height="6.427083333333333in"}**[Readme Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image35.png){width="6.489583333333333in"
height="8.520833333333334in"}

**[Inventory Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image36.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Inventory Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image37.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Inventory Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image38.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Production Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image39.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Production Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image40.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Storage Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image41.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Storage Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image42.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Storage Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image43.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Application Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image44.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Application Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image45.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Utilization Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image46.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Utilization Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image47.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Nutrient Budget Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image48.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}

**[Nutrient Budget Worksheet]{.underline}**

![](media/image49.png){width="6.49375in" height="8.518055555555556in"}