A List of the Vascular Plants of Manassas National Battlefield Park.

  -------------------- ------------------------- ------------------------
  **FAMILY**           **SCIENTIFIC NAME**       **COMMON NAME**

                                                  

                                                  

  **PTERIDOPHYTES**    ** **                      

  Aspleniaceae         Asplenium platyneuron     ebony spleenwort

  Aspleniaceae         Asplenium rhizophyllum    walking fern

  Aspleniaceae         Asplenium trichomanes     maidenhair spleenwort

  Dennstaedtiaceae     Pteridium aquilinum\      bracken fern
                       var. latiusculum          

  Dryopteridaceae      Cystopteris protrusa      lowland brittle fern

  Dryopteridaceae      Dryopteris intermedia     evergreen wood-fern

  Dryopteridaceae      Dryopteris marginalis     marginal wood-fern

  Dryopteridaceae      Onoclea sensibilis        sensitive fern

  Dryopteridaceae      Polystichum               Christmas fern
                       acrostichoides            

  Isoetaceae           Isoetes appalachiana      Appalachian quillwort

  Lycopodiaceae        Diphasiastrum digitatum\  common running pine
                       = Lycopodium digitatum    

  Ophioglossaceae      Botrychium dissectum      cutleaf grape-fern

  Ophioglossaceae      Botrychium virginianum    rattlesnake fern

  Polypodiaceae        Polypodium virginianum    rock polypody

  Pteridiaceae         Adiantum pedatum          Northern maidenhair fern

  Thelypteridaceae     Thelypteris               New York fern
                       noveboracensis            

                                                  

  **GYMNOSPERMS**      ** **                      

  Cupressaceae         Juniperus virginiana      Eastern redcedar

  Pinaceae             Pinus strobus             Eastern white pine

  Pinaceae             Pinus virginiana          Virginia pine

  Pinaceae             Tsuga canadensis          Eastern hemlock

                                                  

  **ANGIOSPERMS:                                  
  MONOCOTS**                                     

  Agavaceae            Yucca filamentosa         common yucca

  Alismataceae         Alisma subcordatum        broad-leaved
                                                 water-plantain

  Araceae              Arisaema dracontium       green dragon

  Araceae              Arisaema triphyllum       Jack-in-the-pulpit

  Commelinaceae        Commelina communis        Asiatic dayflower

  Commelinaceae        Commelina virginica       Virginia dayflower

  Commelinaceae        Murdannia keisak          marsh dewflower

  Cyperaceae           Carex albicans\           bellow-beaked sedge
                       var. australis            

  Cyperaceae           Carex amphibola\          narrow-leaved sedge
                       var. amphibola            

  Cyperaceae           Carex amphibola\          ambiguous sedge
                       var. turgida              

  Cyperaceae           Carex annectens           yellow-fruited sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex brevior             fescue sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex blanda              woodland sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex bushii              Bush\'s sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex caroliniana         hirsute sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex cephalophora        oval-leaved sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex communis            fibrous-root sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex digitalis           slender wood sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex festucacea          fescue sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex flaccosperma\       flaccid sedge
                       var. glaucodea            

  Cyperaceae           Carex frankii             Frank sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex hirsutella\         hirsute sedge
                       = Carex complanata var.   
                       hirsuta                   

  Cyperaceae           Carex gracilescens        slender sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex granularis          meadow sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex grayi               Asa Gray sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex intumescens         bladder sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex jamesii             Nebraska sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex laxiflora           loose-flowered sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex laevivaginata       smooth-sheath sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex louisianica         Louisiana sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex lupulina            hop sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex lurida              sallow sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex meadii              Mead\'s sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex muehlenbergii       Muehlenberg\'s sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex nigromarginata      black-edge sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex normalis            greater straw sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex oligocarpa          Eastern few-fruit sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex pellita\            woolly sedge
                       = Carex lanuginosa        

  Cyperaceae           Carex pensylvanica        Pennsylvania sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex platyphylla         broad-leaved sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex radiata             stellate sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex rosea               rosy sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex scoparia            pointed broom sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex squarrosa           squarrose sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex stipata             stalk-grain sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex stricta             tussock sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex styloflexa          bent sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex swanii              Swan sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex tonsa\              shaved sedge
                       = Carex umbellata var.    
                       tonsa                     

  Cyperaceae           Carex tribuloides         blunt broom sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex typhina             cat-tail sedge

  Cyperaceae           Carex uberior\            large stalk-grain sedge
                       = Carex stipata var.      
                       maxima                    

  Cyperaceae           Carex vulpinoidea         fox sege

  Cyperaceae           Carex willdenowii         Willdenow\'s sedge

  Cyperaceae           Cyperus echinatus         globe flatsedge

  Cyperaceae           Cyperus lancastriensis    many-flowered flatsedge

  Cyperaceae           Cyperus odoratus          rusty flatsedge

  Cyperaceae           Cyperus strigosus         straw-colored flatsedge

  Cyperaceae           Eleocharis obtusa         blunt spikerush

  Cyperaceae           Eleocharis tenuis         slender spikerush

  Cyperaceae           Kyllinga pumila\          thinleaf flatsedge
                       = Cyperus tenuifolius     

  Cyperaceae           Schoenoplectus            soft-stem bulrush
                       tabernaemontani\          
                       = Scirpus validus         

  Cyperaceae           Scirpus atrovirens        dark-green bulrush

  Cyperaceae           Scirpus cyperinus         woolgrass bulrush

  Cyperaceae           Scirpus georgianus        Georgia bulrush

  Cyperaceae           Scirpus pendulus          reddish bulrush

  Cyperaceae           Scleria pauciflora        fewflower nutrush

  Dioscoreaceae        Dioscorea quaternata      whorled wild yam

  Hydrocharitaceae     Elodea nuttallii          Nuttall waterweed

  Iridaceae            Iris versicolor           blueflag

  Iridaceae            Sisyrinchium mucronatum   Michaux blue-eyed-grass

  Juncaceae            Juncus acuminatus         sharp-fruited rush

  Juncaceae            Juncus biflorus           grass-leaved rush

  Juncaceae            Juncus brachycarpus       short-fruited rush

  Juncaceae            Juncus dichotomus         forked rush

  Juncaceae            Juncus dudleyi            Dudley\'s rush

  Juncaceae            Juncus effusus            soft rush

  Juncaceae            Juncus tenuis             slender rush

  Juncaceae            Luzula bulbosa            Southern woodrush

  Juncaceae            Luzula echinata           spreading woodrush

  Lemnaceae            Lemna minor               lesser duckweed

  Liliaceae            Allium canadense          meadow onion

  Liliaceae            Allium vineale            field garlic

  Liliaceae            Asparagus officinalis     asparagus

  Liliaceae            Erythronium americanum    yellow trout-lily

  Liliaceae            Hypoxis hirsuta           Eastern yellow stargrass

  Liliaceae            Polygonatum biflorum      Solomon\'s-seal

  Liliaceae            Maianthemum racemosum\    false Solomon\'s-seal
                       = Smilacina racemosa      

  Liliaceae            Uvularia perfoliata       perfoliate bellwort

  Orchidaceae          Corallorrhiza odontorhiza autumn coralroot

  Orchidaceae          Goodyera pubescens        downy
                                                 rattlesnake-plantain

  Orchidaceae          Liparis liliifolia        large twayblade

  Orchidaceae          Platanthera lacera\       ragged fringed orchid
                       = Habenaria lacera        

  Orchidaceae          Spiranthes lacera\        Southern slender
                       var. gracilis             ladies\'-\
                                                 tresses

  Orchidaceae          Spiranthes tuberosa       little ladies\'-tresses

  Orchidaceae          Tipularia discolor        cranefly orchid

  Poaceae              Agrostis hyemalis         winter bentgrass

  Poaceae              Agrostis elliottiana      Elliott bentgrass

  Poaceae              Agrostis perennans        autumn bentgrass

  Poaceae              Andropogon virginicus     broom-sedge

  Poaceae              Anthoxanthum odoratum     sweet vernal grass

  Poaceae              Aristida longespica       slip-spike three-awn
                                                 grass

  Poaceae              Aristida oligantha        prairie three-awn grass

  Poaceae              Arthraxon hispidus        joint-head arthraxon

  Poaceae              Bromus commutatus         hairy brome grass

  Poaceae              Bromus japonicus          Japanese brome grass

  Poaceae              Bromus pubescens          common Eastern brome
                                                 grass

  Poaceae              Bromus racemosus          spiked brome grass

  Poaceae              Bromus sterilis           poverty brome

  Poaceae              Cinna arundinacea         wood reedgrass

  Poaceae              Cynodon dactylon          Bermuda grass

  Poaceae              Dactylis glomerata        orchard grass

  Poaceae              Danthonia spicata         poverty oat-grass

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium acuminatum\ tapered panic grass
                       var. acuminatum           

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium acuminatum\ tapered panic grass
                       var. lindheimeri          

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium boscii      Bosc\'s panic grass

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium             deer-tongue panic grass
                       clandestinum              

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium commutatum  variable panic grass

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium             starved panic grass
                       depauperatum              

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium dichotomum  small-fruited panic
                                                 grass

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium             narrow-leaf panic grass
                       linearifolium             

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium scoparium   velvet panic grass

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium             roundfruit panic grass
                       sphaerocarpon\            
                       var. isophyllum           

  Poaceae              Dichanthelium             roundfruit panic grass
                       sphaerocarpon\            
                       var. sphaerocarpon        

  Poaceae              Digitaria ischaemum       smooth crabgrass

  Poaceae              Digitaria sanguinalis     hairy crabgrass

  Poaceae              Echinochloa muricata      rough barnyard grass

  Poaceae              Eleusine indica           Indian goosegrass

  Poaceae              Elymus hystrix\           bottlebrush grass
                       = Hystrix patula          

  Poaceae              Elymus riparius           river-bank wild rye

  Poaceae              Elymus virginicus         Virginia wild rye

  Poaceae              Eragrostis cilianensis    stinkgrass

  Poaceae              Eragrostis curvula        weeping lovegrass

  Poaceae              Eragrostis pilosa         India lovegrass

  Poaceae              Eragrostis spectabilis    purple lovegrass

  Poaceae              Festuca pratensis         meadow fescue

  Poaceae              Festuca rubra             red fescue

  Poaceae              Festuca subverticillata   nodding fescue

  Poaceae              Glyceria septentrionalis  Eastern mannagrass

  Poaceae              Glyceria striata          fowl mannagrass

  Poaceae              Holcus lanatus            common velvet grass

  Poaceae              Hordeum pusillum          little barley

  Poaceae              Leersia oryzoides         rice cutgrass

  Poaceae              Leersia virginica         Virginia cutgrass

  Poaceae              Microstegium vimineum     eulalia

  Poaceae              Muhlenbergia frondosa     wirestem muhly

  Poaceae              Muhlenbergia schreberi    nimble-will

  Poaceae              Muhlenbergia sobolifera   cliff muhly

  Poaceae              Panicum anceps            beaked panic grass

  Poaceae              Panicum capillare         witch grass

  Poaceae              Panicum dichotomiflorum   fall witch grass

  Poaceae              Panicum philadelphicum    Philadelphia panic grass

  Poaceae              Panicum rigidulum\        redtop panic grass
                       var. elongatum            

  Poaceae              Panicum rigidulum\        tall flat panic grass
                       var. rigidulum            

  Poaceae              Paspalum laeve            field paspalum

  Poaceae              Paspalum setaceum         slender paspalum

  Poaceae              Phalaris arundinacea      reed canary grass

  Poaceae              Phleum pratense           meadow timothy

  Poaceae              Poa annua                 annual bluegrass

  Poaceae              Poa autumnalis            autumn bluegrass

  Poaceae              Poa compressa             flat-stemmed bluegrass

  Poaceae              Poa cuspidata             short-leaved bluegrass

  Poaceae              Poa pratensis             Kentucky bluegrass

  Poaceae              Poa sylvestris            woodland bluegrass

  Poaceae              Poa trivialis             rough bluegrass

  Poaceae              Schizachyrium scoparium   little bluestem

  Poaceae              Setaria faberi            nodding foxtail

  Poaceae              Setaria glauca            yellow foxtail

  Poaceae              Setaria parviflora        bristly foxtail

  Poaceae              Setaria viridis           green foxtail

  Poaceae              Sorghastrum nutans        Indian grass

  Poaceae              Sphenopholis nitida       shiny wedge grass

  Poaceae              Sphenopholis pensylvanica swamp wedge grass

  Poaceae              Sporobolus vaginiflorus   sheathed dropseed

  Poaceae              Triplasis purpurea        purple sandgrass

  Poaceae              Tridens flavus            redtop

  Poaceae              Tripsacum dactyloides     Northern gamagrass

  Poaceae              Vulpia octoflora          slender fescue

  Pontederiaceae       Pontederia cordata        pickerel weed

  Potamogeton-\        Potamogeton diversifolius water-thread pondweed
  aceae                                          

  Smilacaceae          Smilax glauca             whiteleaf greenbrier

  Smilacaceae          Smilax herbacea           common carrionflower

  Smilacaceae          Smilax pulverulenta       hairy carrionflower

  Smilacaceae          Smilax rotundifolia       common greenbrier

  Smilacaceae          Smilax tamnoides\         bristly greenbrier
                       = Smilax hispida          

  Typhaceae            Typha latifolia           broad-leaved cattail

                                                  

  **ANGIOSPERMS:                                  
  DICOTS**                                       

  Acanthaceae          Justicia americana        common water-willow

  Acanthaceae          Ruellia caroliniensis     Carolina wild-petunia

  Aceraceae            Acer negundo              boxelder

  Aceraceae            Acer platanoides          Norway maple

  Aceraceae            Acer rubrum               red maple

  Aceraceae            Acer saccharinum          silver maple

  Anacardiaceae        Rhus aromatica            fragrant sumac

  Anacardiaceae        Rhus copallinum           winged sumac

  Anacardiaceae        Rhus glabra               smooth sumac

  Anacardiaceae        Rhus hirta                staghorn sumac

  Anacardiaceae        Toxicodendron radicans    poison ivy

  Annonaceae           Asimina triloba           pawpaw

  Apiaceae             Angelica venenosa         hairy angelica

  Apiaceae             Cryptotaenia canadensis   honewort

  Apiaceae             Chaerophyllum procumbens  spreading chervil

  Apiaceae             Cicuta maculata           water-hemlock

  Apiaceae             Daucus carota             Queen Anne\'s lace

  Apiaceae             Erigenia bulbosa          harbinger-of-spring

  Apiaceae             Osmorhiza longistylis     aniseroot

  Apiaceae             Sanicula canadensis       black snakeroot

  Apiaceae             Sanicula odorata          clustered snakeroot

  Apiaceae             Taenidia integerrima      yellow pimpernel

  Apiaceae             Thaspium barbinode        hairy-jointed
                                                 meadow-parsnip

  Apiaceae             Zizia aptera              heartleaf golden
                                                 alexanders

  Apiaceae             Zizia aurea               golden alexanders

  Apocynaceae          Apocynum androsaemifolium spreading dogbane

  Apocynaceae          Apocynum cannabinum       Indian hemp

  Apocynaceae          Vinca major               greater periwinkle

  Apocynaceae          Vinca minor               periwinkle

  Aquifoliaceae        Ilex opaca                American holly

  Aquifoliaceae        Ilex verticillata         winterberry

  Aristolochiaceae     Aristolochia serpentaria  Virginia snakeroot

  Aristolochiaceae     Asarum canadense          wild ginger

  Asclepiadaceae       Asclepias incarnata       swamp milkweed

  Asclepiadaceae       Asclepias quadrifolia     four-leaved milkweed

  Asclepiadaceae       Asclepias purpurascens    purple milkweed

  Asclepiadaceae       Asclepias syriaca         common milkweed

  Asclepiadaceae       Asclepias viridiflora     green milkweed

  Asclepiadaceae       Asclepias verticillata    whorled milkweed

  Asteraceae           Achillea millefolium      common yarrow

  Asteraceae           Ageratina altissima\      white snakeroot
                       = Eupatorium rugosum      

  Asteraceae           Ambrosia artemisiifolia   common ragweed

  Asteraceae           Ambrosia trifida          great ragweed

  Asteraceae           Antennaria neglecta       field pussytoes

  Asteraceae           Antennaria parlinii\      Parlin\'s pussytoes
                       ssp. fallax               

  Asteraceae           Antennaria parlinii\      Parlin\'s pussytoes
                       ssp. parlinii             

  Asteraceae           Antennaria                plantain-leaf pussytoes
                       plantaginifolia           

  Asteraceae           Anthemis arvensis         corn camomile

  Asteraceae           Arctium minus             lesser burdock

  Asteraceae           Artemisia annua           annual wormwood

  Asteraceae           Artemisia vulgaris        common wormwood

  Asteraceae           Aster cordifolius         heart-leaved aster

  Asteraceae           Aster divaricatus         white wood aster

  Asteraceae           Aster dumosus             bushy aster

  Asteraceae           Aster lanceolatus         panicled aster

  Asteraceae           Aster lateriflorus        goblet aster

  Asteraceae           Aster pilosus             white heath aster

  Asteraceae           Aster prenanthoides       crooked-stem aster

  Asteraceae           Aster schreberi           Schreber\'s aster

  Asteraceae           Aster undulatus           wavy-leaved aster

  Asteraceae           Bidens aristosa\          tickseed beggar-ticks
                       = Bidens polylepis        

  Asteraceae           Bidens frondosa           devil\'s beggar-ticks

  Asteraceae           Bidens tripartita         three-lobe beggar-ticks

  Asteraceae           Carduus nutans            musk thistle

  Asteraceae           Centaurea biebersteinii\  spotted knapweed
                       = Centaurea maculosa      

  Asteraceae           Cichorium intybus         chickory

  Asteraceae           Cirsium discolor          field thistle

  Asteraceae           Cirsium muticum           swamp thistle

  Asteraceae           Cirsium pumilum           pasture thistle

  Asteraceae           Cirsium vulgare           bull thistle

  Asteraceae           Conyza canadensis\        horseweed
                       = Erigeron canadensis     

  Asteraceae           Coreopsis tripteris       tall tickseed

  Asteraceae           Coreopsis verticillata    whorled coreopsis

  Asteraceae           Doellingeria infirma\     cornel-leaf aster
                       = Aster infirmus          

  Asteraceae           Eclipta prostrata\        yerba-de-tajo
                       = Eclipta alba            

  Asteraceae           Elephantopus carolinianus Carolina
                                                 elephant\'s-foot

  Asteraceae           Erechtites hieraciifolia  fireweed

  Asteraceae           Erigeron annuus           annual fleabane

  Asteraceae           Erigeron strigosus        daisy fleabane

  Asteraceae           Eupatorium coelestinum    mistflower

  Asteraceae           Eupatorium fistulosum     hollow Joe-Pye-weed

  Asteraceae           Eupatorium hyssopifolium  hyssop-leaved
                                                 thoroughwort

  Asteraceae           Eupatorium perfoliatum    common boneset

  Asteraceae           Eupatorium serotinum      late thoroughwort

  Asteraceae           Euthamia graminifolia     grass-leaved goldenrod

  Asteraceae           Gamochaeta purpurea\      purple cudweed
                       = Gnaphalium purpureum    

  Asteraceae           Gnaphalium obtusifolium   early everlasting

  Asteraceae           Helenium autumnale        common sneezeweed

  Asteraceae           Helenium flexuosum        Southern sneezeweed

  Asteraceae           Helianthus decapetalus    thin-leaved sunflower

  Asteraceae           Helianthus divaricatus    woodland sunflower

  Asteraceae           Heliopsis helianthoides   oxeye

  Asteraceae           Hieracium caespitosum     meadow hawkweed

  Asteraceae           Hieracium gronovii        hairy hawkweed

  Asteraceae           Hieracium scabrum         rough hawkweed

  Asteraceae           Hieracium venosum         rattlesnake-weed

  Asteraceae           Iva annua                 annual sumpweed

  Asteraceae           Krigia dandelion          false dandelion

  Asteraceae           Krigia virginica          dwarf dandelion

  Asteraceae           Lactuca canadensis        wild lettuce

  Asteraceae           Lactuca floridana         Florida blue lettuce

  Asteraceae           Leucanthemum vulgare\     oxeye daisy
                       =Chrysanthemum            
                       leucanthemum              

  Asteraceae           Liatris squarrosa         scaly blazing-star

  Asteraceae           Mikania scandens          climbing hempweed

  Asteraceae           Prenanthes serpentaria    lion\'s-foot

  Asteraceae           Rudbeckia fulgida         orange coneflower

  Asteraceae           Rudbeckia hirta           black-eyed susan

  Asteraceae           Rudbeckia laciniata       cutleaved coneflower

  Asteraceae           Senecio anonymus          Small\'s ragwort

  Asteraceae           Senecio aureus            golden ragwort

  Asteraceae           Senecio pauperculus       balsam ragwort

  Asteraceae           Sericocarpus asteroides\  toothed white-top aster
                       = Aster paternus          

  Asteraceae           Silphium trifoliatum      whorled rosinweed

  Asteraceae           Solidago bicolor          white goldenrod

  Asteraceae           Solidago caesia           bluestem goldenrod

  Asteraceae           Solidago canadensis       Canadian goldenrod

  Asteraceae           Solidago juncea           early goldenrod

  Asteraceae           Solidago nemoralis        gray goldenrod

  Asteraceae           Solidago ulmifolia        elm-leaf goldenrod

  Asteraceae           Sonchus asper             spiny-leaf sowthistle

  Asteraceae           Sonchus oleraceus         common sowthistle

  Asteraceae           Taraxacum officinale      common dandelion

  Asteraceae           Tragopogon dubius         meadow goat\'s-beard

  Asteraceae           Verbesina alternifolia    wingstem

  Asteraceae           Verbesina occidentalis    yellow crownbeard

  Asteraceae           Vernonia glauca           broad-leaf ironweed

  Asteraceae           Vernonia noveboracensis   New York ironweed

  Asteraceae           Xanthium strumarium       cocklebur

  Balsaminaceae        Impatiens capensis        spotted jewelweed

  Balsaminaceae        Impatiens pallida         pale jewelweed

  Berberidaceae        Berberis thunbergii       Japanese barberry

  Berberidaceae        Caulophyllum              blue cohosh
                       thalictroides             

  Berberidaceae        Podophyllum peltatum      may-apple

  Betulaceae           Betula lenta              sweet birch

  Betulaceae           Betula nigra              river birch

  Betulaceae           Carpinus caroliniana      American hornbeam

  Betulaceae           Corylus americana         American hazelnut

  Betulaceae           Ostrya virginiana         Eastern hop-hornbeam

  Boraginaceae         Buglossoides arvensis\    common borage
                       = Lithospermum arvense    

  Boraginaceae         Cynoglossum virginianum   wild comfrey

  Boraginaceae         Echium vulgare            common viper\'s-bugloss

  Boraginaceae         Hackelia virginiana       Virginia stickseed

  Boraginaceae         Lithospermum canescens    hoary puccoon

  Boraginaceae         Mertensia virginica       Virginia bluebells

  Boraginaceae         Myosotis discolor         yellow-and-blue
                                                 forget-me-not

  Boraginaceae         Myosotis macrosperma      large-seeded
                                                 forget-me-not

  Boraginaceae         Myosotis verna            spring forget-me-not

  Brassicaceae         Alliaria petiolata        garlic mustard

  Brassicaceae         Arabis lyrata             lyre-leaf rockcress

  Brassicaceae         Barbarea verna            early winter-cress

  Brassicaceae         Barbarea vulgaris         common winter-cress

  Brassicaceae         Capsella bursa-pastoris   common shepherd\'s purse

  Brassicaceae         Cardamine concatenata     cutleaf toothwort

  Brassicaceae         Cardamine hirsuta         hairy bittercress

  Brassicaceae         Cardamine pensylvanica    Pennsylvania bittercress

  Brassicaceae         Lepidium campestre        field pepper-grass

  Brassicaceae         Lepidium virginicum       poor man\'s pepper-grass

  Brassicaceae         Microthlaspi perfoliatum\ perfoliate pennycress
                       = Thlaspi perfoliatum     

  Brassicaceae         Rorippa sylvestris        creeping yellow-cress

  Callitrichaceae      Callitriche heterophylla  Northern water-starwort

  Campanulaceae        Lobelia cardinalis        cardinal flower

  Campanulaceae        Lobelia inflata           Indian-tobacco

  Campanulaceae        Lobelia puberula          downy lobelia

  Campanulaceae        Lobelia siphilitica       great lobelia

  Campanulaceae        Lobelia spicata           spiked lobelia

  Campanulaceae        Triodanis perfoliata\     Venus\'-looking-glass
                       = Specularia perfoliata   

  Caprifoliaceae       Lonicera japonica         Japanese honeysuckle

  Caprifoiaceae        Lonicera morrowii         Morrow honeysuckle

  Caprifoliaceae       Lonicera maackii          Amur honeysuckle

  Caprifoliaceae       Symphoricarpos            coral-berry
                       orbiculatus               

  Caprifoliaceae       Sambucus canadensis       common elderberry

  Caprifoliaceae       Triosteum perfoliatum     perfoliate
                                                 tinker\'s-weed

  Caprifoliaceae       Viburnum acerifolium      maple-leaf viburnum

  Caprifoiaceae        Viburnum dentatum\        Northern arrow-wood
                       var. lucidum\             
                       = Viburnum recognitum     

  Caprifoliaceae       Viburnum prunifolium      smooth black-haw

  Caryophyllaceae      Dianthus armeria          Deptford-pink

  Caryophyllaceae      Paronychia canadensis     forked nailwort

  Caryophyllaceae      Paronychia fastigiata     cluster-stemmed nailwort

  Caryophyllaceae      Silene caroliniana\       wild pink
                       ssp. pensylvanica         

  Caryophyllaceae      Silene latifolia          white campion

  Caryophyllaceae      Stellaria longifolia      longleaf stitchwort

  Caryophyllaceae      Stellaria media           common chickweed

  Caryophyllaceae      Stellaria pubera          giant chickweed

  Celastraceae         Celastrus orbiculatus     Oriental bittersweet

  Celastraceae         Euonymus americanus       American strawberry-bush

  Celastraceae         Euonymus atropurpureus    wahoo

  Chenopodiaceae       Chenopodium album         white goosefoot

  Cistacee             Lechea racemulosa         Illinois pinweed

  Clusiaceae           Hypericum canadense       Canadian St.
                                                 John\'s-wort

  Clusiaceae           Hypericum gentianoides    orange-grass

  Clusiaceae           Hypericum gymnanthum      clasping-leaved St.
                                                 John\'s-wort

  Clusiaceae           Hypericum mutilum         slender St. John\'s-wort

  Clusiaceae           Hypericum perforatum      common St. John\'s-wort

  Clusiaceae           Hypericum prolificum      shrubby St. John\'s-wort

  Clusiaceae           Hypericum punctatum       spotted St. John\'s-wort

  Clusiaceae           Hypericum stragulum       St. Andrew\'s cross

  Convolvulaceae       Calystegia spithamaea     low bindweed

  Convolvulaceae       Ipomoea hederacea         ivy-leaved morning glory

  Convolvulaceae       Ipomoea pandurata         big-root morning glory

  Convolvulaceae       Ipomoea purpurea          common morning glory

  Cornaceae            Cornus amomum             silky dogwood

  Cornaceae            Cornus florida            flowering dogwood

  Crassulaceae         Sedum ternatum            wild stonecrop

  Crassulaceae         Penthorum sedoides        ditch-stonecrop

  Dipsacaceae          Dipsacus fullonum         common teasel

  Ebenaceae            Diospyros virginiana      persimmon

  Elaeagnaceae         Elaeagnus umbellata\      autumn-olive
                       var. parvifolia           

  Ericaceae            Gaylussacia baccata       black huckleberry

  Ericaceae            Kalmia latifolia          mountain-laurel

  Ericaceae            Rhododendron              wild azalea
                       periclymenoides           

  Ericaceae            Vaccinium pallidum        early lowbush blueberry

  Ericaceae            Vaccinium stamineum       deerberry

  Euphorbiaceae        Acalypha virginica        Virginia copperleaf

  Euphorbiaceae        Chamaesyce maculata\      spotted spurge
                       = Euphorbia maculata      

  Euphorbiaceae        Chamaesyce nutans\        eyebane
                       = Euphorbia nutans        

  Euphorbiaceae        Euphorbia corollata       flowering spurge

  Fabaceae             Albizia julibrissin       silk tree

  Fabaceae             Amphicarpa bracteata      American hog-peanut

  Fabaceae             Baptisia tinctoria        yellow wild-indigo

  Fabaceae             Cercis canadensis         Eastern redbud

  Fabaceae             Chamaecrista fasciculata\ partridge-pea
                       = Cassia fasciculata      

  Fabaceae             Chamaecrista nictitans\   wild sensitive senna
                       = Cassia nictitans        

  Fabaceae             Clitoria mariana          Maryland butterfly-pea

  Fabaceae             Coronilla varia           common crown-vetch

  Fabaceae             Desmodium canescens       hoary tick-trefoil

  Fabaceae             Desmodium ciliare         hairy small-leaved
                                                 tick-trefoil

  Fabaceae             Desmodium glabellum       Dillen tick-trefoil

  Fabaceae             Desmodium laevigatum      smooth tick-trefoil

  Fabaceae             Desmodium marilandicum    Maryland tick-trefoil

  Fabaceae             Desmodium nudiflorum      naked-flowered
                                                 tick-trefoil

  Fabaceae             Desmodium paniculatum     narrow-leaf tick-trefoil

  Fabaceae             Desmodium perplexum       perplexing tick-trefoil

  Fabaceae             Desmodium rotundifolium   prostrate tick-trefoil

  Fabaceae             Desmodium viridiflorum    velvety tick-trefoil

  Fabaceae             Gleditsia triacanthos     honey-locust

  Fabaceae             Kummerowia stipulacea\    Korean bushclover
                       = Lespedeza stipulacea    

  Fabaceae             Kummerowia striata\       Japanese bushclover
                       = Lespedeza striata       

  Fabaceae             Lespedeza capitata        round-head bushclover

  Fabaceae             Lespedeza cuneata         sericea bushclover

  Fabaceae             Lespedeza hirta           hairy bushclover

  Fabaceae             Lespedeza intermedia      wand bushclover

  Fabaceae             Lespedeza procumbens      trailing bushclover

  Fabaceae             Lespedeza repens          creeping bushclover

  Fabaceae             Lespedeza virginica       slender bushclover

  Fabaceae             Lotus corniculatus        bird\'s-foot trefoil

  Fabaceae             Melilotus officinalis     sweet clover

  Fabaceae             Robinia pseudoacacia      black locust

  Fabaceae             Senna hebecarpa\          Northern wild senna
                       = Cassia hebecarpa        

  Fabaceae             Strophostyles umbellata   pink wild-bean

  Fabaceae             Stylosanthes biflora      pencilflower

  Fabaceae             Tephrosia virginiana      goat\'s-rue

  Fabaceae             Trifolium arvense         rabbit-foot clover

  Fabaceae             Trifolium campestre       low hop clover

  Fabaceae             Trifolium hybridum        alsike clover

  Fabaceae             Trifolium pratense        red clover

  Fabaceae             Trifolium reflexum        buffalo clover

  Fabaceae             Trifolium repens          white clover

  Fabaceae             Vicia caroliniana         Carolina wood vetch

  Fabaceae             Vicia cracca              tufted vetch

  Fabaceae             Vicia sativa              spring vetch

  Fabaceae             Vicia tetrasperma         lentil vetch

  Fagaceae             Castanea mollissisima     Chinese chestnut

  Fagaceae             Fagus grandifolia         American beech

  Fagaceae             Quercus alba              white oak

  Fagaceae             Quercus bicolor           swamp white oak

  Fagaceae             Quercus coccinea          scarlet oak

  Fagaceae             Quercus falcata           Southern red oak

  Fagaceae             Quercus muehlenbergii     chinkapin oak

  Fagaceae             Quercus palustris         pin oak

  Fagaceae             Quercus prinus\           chestnut oak
                       = Quercus montana         

  Fagaceae             Quercus rubra             red oak

  Fagaceae             Quercus shumardii         Shumard\'s oak

  Fagaceae             Quercus stellata          post oak

  Fagaceae             Quercus velutina          black oak

  Fumariaceae          Corydalis flavula         yellow corydalis

  Fumariaceae          Dicentra cucullaria       Dutchman\'s breeches

  Gentianaceae         Gentiana clausa           closed gentian

  Gentianaceae         Sabatia angularis         square-stemmed rose-pink

  Geraniaceae          Geranium maculatum        wild geranium

  Halagoraceae         Proserpinaca palustris    common mermaid-weed

  Halagoraceae         Myriophyllum sibiricum\   common water-milfoil
                       = Myriophyllum            
                       exalbescens               

  Hamamelidaceae       Hamamelis virginiana      witch-hazel

  Hydrangeaceae        Hydrangea arborescens     wild hydrangea

  Hydrophyllaceae      Hydrophyllum virginianum  Virginia waterleaf

  Juglandaceae         Carya alba\               mockernut hickory
                       = Carya tomentosa         

  Juglandaceae         Carya cordiformis         bitternut hickory

  Juglandaceae         Carya glabra              pignut hickory

  Juglandaceae         Carya ovalis              red hickory

  Juglandaceae         Juglans cinerea           butternut

  Juglandaceae         Juglans nigra             black walnut

  Lamiaceae            Clinopodium vulgare\      wild basil
                       = Satureja vulgaris       

  Lamiaceae            Cunila origanoides        common dittany

  Lamiaceae            Glechoma hederacea        ground-ivy

  Lamiaceae            Hedeoma pulegioides       American pennyroyal

  Lamiaceae            Isanthus brachiatus       false pennyroyal

  Lamiaceae            Lamium purpureum          purple deadnettle

  Lamiaceae            Leonurus marrubiastrum    horehound

  Lamiaceae            Lycopus americanus        American bugleweed

  Lamiaceae            Lycopus virginicus        Virginia bugleweed

  Lamiaceae            Lycopus uniflorus         Northern bugleweed

  Lamiaceae            Mentha arvensis           wild mint

  Lamiaceae            Mentha x piperita         peppermint

  Lamiaceae            Nepeta cataria            catnip

  Lamiaceae            Perilla frutescens        beef-steak plant

  Lamiaceae            Prunella vulgaris\        American self-heal
                       ssp. lanceolata           

  Lamiaceae            Pycnanthemum incanum      hoary mountain-mint

  Lamiaceae            Pycnanthemum tenuifolium  narrow-leaved
                                                 mountain-mint

  Lamiaceae            Salvia lyrata             lyre-leaf sage

  Lamiaceae            Scutellaria elliptica     hairy skullcap

  Lamiaceae            Scutellaria integrifolia  helmet-flower

  Lamiaceae            Scutellaria lateriflora   mad dog skullcap

  Lamiaceae            Scutellaria nervosa       veined skullcap

  Lamiaceae            Scutellaria parvula\      shale-barren skullcap
                       var. leonardii            

  Lamiaceae            Stachys hispida           bristly hedgenettle

  Lamiaceae            Stachys pilosa\           marsh hedgenettle
                       var. arenicola            

  Lamiaceae            Teucrium canadense        American germander

  Lamiaceae            Trichostema dichotomum    blue-curls

  Lauraceae            Lindera benzoin           spicebush

  Lauraceae            Sassafras albidum         sassafras

  Limnanthaceae        Floerkea proserpinacoides false mermaid-weed

  Linaceae             Linum medium\             wild flax
                       var. texanum              

  Lythraceae           Cuphea viscosissima       blue waxweed

  Magnoliaceae         Liriodendron tulipifera   tulip-tree

  Malvaceae            Malva neglecta            dwarf cheeseweed

  Malvaceae            Sida spinosa              prickly mallow

  Menispermaceae       Menispermum canadense     Canada moonseed

  Molluginaceae        Mollugo verticillata      green carpetweed

  Monotropaceae        Monotropa uniflora        Indian-pipe

  Moraceae             Morus alba                white mulberry

  Moraceae             Morus rubra               red mulberry

  Nyssaceae            Nyssa sylvatica           black gum

  Oleaceae             Chionanthus virginicus    fringetree

  Oleaceae             Fraxinus americana        white ash

  Oleaceae             Fraxinus pennsylvanica    green ash

  Onagraceae           Circaea lutetiana         enchanter\'s nightshade

  Onagraceae           Gaura biennis             biennial gaura

  Onagraceae           Ludwigia alternifolia     alternate-leaved seedbox

  Onagraceae           Ludwigia palustris        marsh seedbox

  Onagraceae           Oenothera fruticosa       narrow-leaved sundrops

  Onagraceae           Oenothera perennis        small sundrops

  Orobanchaceae        Conopholis americana      squawroot

  Orobanchaceae        Orobanche uniflora        one-flowered cancer-root

  Oxalidaceae          Oxalis dillenii           slender yellow
                                                 woodsorrel

  Oxalidaceae          Oxalis stricta            upright yellow
                                                 woodsorrel

  Oxalidaceae          Oxalis violacea           violet woodsorrel

  Papaveraceae         Sanguinaria canadensis    bloodroot

  Phrymaceae           Phryma leptostachya       lopseed

  Plantaginaceae       Plantago aristata         large-bracted plantain

  Plantaginaceae       Plantago lanceolata       English plantain

  Plantaginaceae       Plantago rugelii          pale plantain

  Plantaginaceae       Plantago virginica        Virginia plantain

  Platanaceae          Platanus occidentalis     sycamore

  Polygalaceae         Polygala sanguinea        field milkwort

  Polygalaceae         Polygala verticillata     whorled milkwort

  Polygonaceae         Polygonum arenastrum\     oval-leaf knotweed
                       = Polygonum aviculare\    
                       var. arenastrum           

  Polygonaceae         Polygonum cespitosum\     long-bristled smartweed
                       var. longisetum           

  Polygonaceae         Polygonum hydropiperoides mild water-pepper

  Polygonaceae         Polygonum pensylvanicum   Pennsylvania smartweed

  Polygonaceae         Polygonum persicaria      lady\'s thumb

  Polygonaceae         Polygonum punctatum       dotted smartweed

  Polygonaceae         Polygonum sagittatum      arrow-leaved tearthumb

  Polygonaceae         Polygonum scandens\       crested false-buckwheat
                       var. cristatum            

  Polygonaceae         Polygonum tenue           slender knotweed

  Polygonaceae         Polygonum virginianum     Virginia knotweed

  Polygonaceae         Rumex acetosella          sheep sorrel

  Polygonaceae         Rumex crispus             curly dock

  Polygonaceae         Rumex obtusifolius        bitter dock

  Polygonaceae         Rumex verticillatus       swamp dock

  Portulacaceae        Claytonia virginica       spring beauty

  Portulacaceae        Portulaca oleracea        common purslane

  Primulaceae          Lysimachia ciliata        fringed loosestrife

  Primulaceae          Lysimachia quadriflora    whorled loosestrife

  Primulaceae          Samolus valerandi\        water pimpernel
                       var. parviflorus\         
                       = Samolus parviflorus     

  Pyrolaceae           Chimaphila maculata       spotted wintergreen

  Pyrolaceae           Chimaphila umbellata      pipsissewa

  Ranunculaceae        Anemone quinquefolia      wood anemone

  Ranunculaceae        Anemone virginiana        thimbleweed

  Ranunculaceae        Anemonella thalictroides\ rue-anemone
                       = Thalictrum              
                       thalictroides             

  Ranunculaceae        Aquilegia canadensis      wild columbine

  Ranunculaceae        Cimicifuga racemosa       black bugbane

  Ranunculaceae        Clematis ochroleuca       curly-heads

  Ranunculaceae        Clematis terniflora\      Japanese virgin\'s-bower
                       = Clematis dioscoreifolia 

  Ranunculaceae        Hepatica americana        round-lobed hepatica

  Ranunculaceae        Ranunculus abortivus      kidneyleaf crowfoot

  Ranunculaceae        Ranunculus bulbosus       bulbous buttercup

  Ranunculaceae        Ranunculus caricetorum\   swamp buttercup
                       = Ranunculus              
                       septentrionalis\          
                       var. caricetorum          

  Ranunculaceae        Ranunculus hispidus       bristly buttercup

  Ranunculaceae        Ranunculus micranthus     rock buttercup

  Ranunculaceae        Ranunculus recurvatus     hooked crowfoot

  Ranunculaceae        Thalictrum dioicum        early meadowrue

  Ranunculaceae        Thalictrum revolutum      skunk meadowrue

  Rhamnaceae           Ceanothus americanus      New Jersey tea

  Rosaceae             Amelanchier arborea       downy serviceberry

  Rosaceae             Amelanchier laevis        smooth serviceberry

  Rosaceae             Amelanchier stolonifera   low serviceberry

  Rosaceae             Agrimonia parviflora      small-flowered agrimony

  Rosaceae             Agrimonia pubescens       downy agrimony

  Rosaceae             Agrimonia rostellata      woodland agrimony

  Rosaceae             Crataegus flabellata      fan-leaf hawthorn

  Rosaceae             Crataegus intricata       Copenhagan hawthorn

  Rosaceae             Crataegus punctata        dotted hawthorn

  Rosaceae             Duchesnea indica          Indian strawberry

  Rosaceae             Fragaria virginiana       wild strawberry

  Rosaceae             Geum canadense            white avenes

  Rosaceae             Geum virginianum          cream avens

  Rosaceae             Malus angustifolia        Southern crabapple

  Rosaceae             Malus pumila              common apple

  Rosaceae             Physocarpus opulifolius   ninebark

  Rosaceae             Potentilla canadensis     Canada cinquefoil

  Rosaceae             Potentilla recta          upright cinquefoil

  Rosaceae             Potentilla simplex        common cinquefoil

  Rosaceae             Prunus americana          American wild plum

  Rosaceae             Prunus angustifolia       Chickasaw plum

  Rosaceae             Prunus avium              sweet cherry

  Rosaceae             Prunus domestica          European plum

  Rosaceae             Prunus serotina           wild black cherry

  Rosaceae             Pyrus communis            common pear

  Rosaceae             Rosa carolina             pasture rose

  Rosaceae             Rosa multiflora           multiflora rose

  Rosaceae             Rubus allegheniensis      Allegheny blackberry

  Rosaceae             Rubus argutus             prickly blackberry

  Rosaceae             Rubus cuneifolius         sand blackberry

  Rosaceae             Rubus flagellaris         Northern dewberry

  Rosaceae             Rubus occidentalis        black raspberry

  Rosaceae             Spiraea hybrid\           a cultivated hybrid
                       (possibly Spiraea x       spiraea
                       arguta)                   

  Rosaceae             Spiraea latifolia         broad-leaved meadowsweet

  Rubiaceae            Cephalanthus occidentalis common buttonbush

  Rubiaceae            Cruciata pedemontana\     Piedmont bedstraw
                       = Galium pedemontanum     

  Rubiaceae            Diodia teres              buttonweed

  Rubiaceae            Galium aparine            cleavers

  Rubiaceae            Galium circaezans         forest bedstraw

  Rubiaceae            Galium concinnum          shining bedstraw

  Rubiaceae            Galium obtusum\           Carolina bedstraw
                       var. filifolium           

  Rubiaceae            Galium obtusum\           bluntleaf bedstraw
                       var. obtusum              

  Rubiaceae            Galium pilosum            hairy bedstraw

  Rubiaceae            Galium tinctorium         stiff marsh bedstraw

  Rubiaceae            Galium triflorum          sweet-scented bedstraw

  Rubiaceae            Houstonia caerulea\       bluets
                       = Hedyotis caerulea       

  Rubiaceae            Houstonia purpurea\       large summer bluets
                       = Hedyotis caerulea       

  Rubiaceae            Mitchella repens          partridge-berry

  Rutaceae             Zanthoxylum americanum    Northern prickly-ash

  Salicaceae           Salix nigra               black willow

  Santalaceae          Comandra umbellata        bastard toadflax

  Saururaceae          Saururus cernuus          lizard\'s-tail

  Saxifragaceae        Heuchera americana        American alumroot

  Saxifragaceae        Saxifraga virginiensis    early saxifrage

  Scrophulariaceae     Agalinis purpurea         large purple
                                                 false-foxglove

  Scrophulariaceae     Agalinis tenuifolia       slender false-foxglove

  Scrophulariaceae     Aureolaria pedicularia\   fern-leaved yellow
                       var. intercedens          foxglove

  Scrophulariaceae     Aureolaria virginica      downy yellow foxglove

  Scrophulariaceae     Buchnera americana        blue-hearts

  Scrophulariaceae     Chelone glabra            white turtlehead

  Scrophulariaceae     Gratiola neglecta         clammy hedge-hyssop

  Scrophulariaceae     Lindernia dubia\          false-pimpernel
                       var. dubia                

  Scrophulariaceae     Lindernia dubia\          long-stalked
                       var. anagallidea          false-pimpernel

  Scrophulariaceae     Mimulus alatus            winged monkey-flower

  Scrophulariaceae     Mimulus ringens           monkey-flower

  Scrophulariaceae     Penstemon digitalis       foxglove beardtongue

  Scrophulariaceae     Penstemon hirsutus        hairy beardtongue

  Scrophulariaceae     Penstemon laevigatus      smooth beardtongue

  Scrophulariaceae     Verbascum blattaria       moth mullein

  Scrophulariaceae     Verbascum thapsus         great mullein

  Scrophulariaceae     Veronica arvensis         corn speedwell

  Scrophulariaceae     Veronica hederifolia      ivy-leaf speedwell

  Scrophulariaceae     Veronica officinalis      common speedwell

  Scrophulariaceae     Veronica peregrina        purslane speedwell

  Scrophulariaceae     Veronica persica          bird\'s-eye speedwell

  Scrophulariaceae     Veronica serpyllifolia    thyme-leaved speedwell

  Simaroubaceae        Ailanthus altissima       tree-of-heaven

  Solonaceae           Datura stramonium         Jimson-weed

  Solanaceae           Physalis longifolia\      smooth ground-cherry
                       var. subglabrata          

  Solanaceae           Physalis virginiana       Virginia ground-cherry

  Solonaceae           Solanum carolinense       Carolina horse-nettle

  Solonaceae           Solanum dulcamara         climbing nightshade

  Staphyleaceae        Staphylea trifolia        bladdernut

  Ulmaceae             Celtis occidentalis       common hackberry

  Ulmaceae             Celtis laevigata          sugarberry

  Ulmaceae             Celtis tenuifolia         Georgia hackberry

  Ulmaceae             Ulmus americana           American elm

  Ulmaceae             Ulmus rubra               slippery elm

  Urticaceae           Boehmeria cylindrica      false nettle

  Urticaceae           Laportea canadensis       wood nettle

  Urticaceae           Parietaria pensylvanica   Pennsylvania pellitory

  Urticaceae           Pilea pumila              greenfruit clearweed

  Valerianaceae        Valerianella radiata      beaked cornsalad

  Verbenaceae          Verbena simplex           narrow-leaved vervain

  Verbenaceae          Verbena hastata           blue vervain

  Verbenaceae          Verbena urticifolia       white vervain

  Violaceae            Hybanthus concolor        green violet

  Violaceae            Viola cucullata           marsh blue violet

  Violaceae            Viola palmata\            cleft violet
                       var. triloba              

  Violaceae            Viola pubescens\          smooth yellow violet
                       var. leiocarpon           

  Violaceae            Viola pubescens\          downy yellow violet
                       var. pubescens            

  Violaceae            Viola sagittata           arrow-leaved violet

  Violaceae            Viola sororia             common blue violet

  Violaceae            Viola striata             striped violet

  Vitaceae             Parthenocissus            Virginia creeper
                       quinquefolia              

  Vitaceae             Vitis aestivalis\         summer grape
                       var. aestivalis           

  Vitaceae             Vitis aestivalis\         silverleaf grape
                       var. bicolor              

  Vitaceae             Vitis vulpina             winter grape
  -------------------- ------------------------- ------------------------

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