**[Guidance for NIH Approval Process]{.underline}**

**For CFAR-Supported International Studies**

**Research Objectives Description**

**Purpose:**

-   To provide enough detail about the project to enable assessment and
    approval of the project in foreign countries.

-   To serve as a record of the type of CFAR-associated projects taking
    place at international sites.

**General guidance:**

-   Write in non-scientific terms (lay language).

-   Write in the third person.

**Format:**

-   Brief statement of project goal (1-3 sentences).

-   Description of activities that will be carried out [at the foreign
    site]{.underline} (1-2 paragraphs).

**If substudy:** If the pilot study is nested within another ongoing
study (NIH or other), please provide, at minimum, the following
information on that study: Study title, PI, grant number, funding
agency, and existing IRB approvals*.* This could help speed up the
approval process.

**If renewal:** For continuing research at previously approved sites,
state in the first sentence that the research is a continuation which
was previously approved.

**If human subjects are involved include the following study details, as
applicable:**

-   The demographics (age range, gender, etc.).

-   The number of subjects (and how they will be recruited, if known).

-   HIV status (positive, negative, both, or unknown).

-   What participation will entail (clinic visit, questionnaire, blood
    sample, treatment, etc).

-   How long subjects will participate (e.g., one clinic visit a month
    for a year).

**Include details on human subjects protection and confidentiality:**

-   Statement on protection of welfare of humans subjects.

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-   Describe informed consent and confidentiality procedures to be used.

-   e.g. "Informed consent for participation will be obtained from all
    human subjects and confidentiality of subjects will be protected, in
    compliance with NIH and in-country guidelines under the assurance
    number provided."

**If human subjects data or samples are pre-collected:**

-   State that data/samples were collected under another project.

-   State that data/samples are anonymous (if de-identified) or how
    confidentiality will be ensured if not anonymous.

-   If data/samples collected under another project *and* are anonymous:
    State that the study is not considered "human subjects research"
    because data/samples were previously collected and anonymous, as
    determined by the IRB (note: no FWA is needed).

**If animal subjects are involved, include:**

-   The species of animal

-   A brief description of what they will be used for (e.g., "...using a
    mouse model...")

**[EXAMPLES]{.underline}**

**An example with human subjects:**

This pilot study will be conducted to determine the factors that are
associated with treatment failure of AIDS/HIV in Botswana. The
researchers will evaluate the use of pill count records as a valid
measure of adherence, describe adherence patterns to ARVs, and determine
baseline treatment characteristics associated with treatment failure.
Participants will be HIV-infected patients aged 18 and older on
antiretroviral therapy for greater than 6 months who will be selected
from the clinic population. Participation in this study will involve
only one study visit that will coincide with the patient\'s regularly
scheduled clinic visit. Patients who provide written informed consent
will provide their medical card and access to their computerized data.
The clinical and demographic data will be abstracted from the medical
record in the IDCC by the study coordinator. Paper records will be
maintained in a locked filing cabinet in a locked office and the
computerized database will be password protected and maintained on a
password protected computer. Data will be transferred to electronic
records which will be delinked from the identifiers and only maintained
using study ID numbers. The identifiable data will be maintained in a
separate file that analysts will not be given access to.

An example using specimens:

The purpose of this grant is to establish an International Consortium to
study a region on chromosome 1q that has repeatedly shown evidence for
linkage to type 2 diabetes. This International Consortium will study DNA
samples from Europeans, East Asians, Native American and African
American populations. All samples in France have already been collected
with appropriate bioethical approval and are anonymous. By densely
genotyping this region using SNP technology and the information provided
by the Hapmap, this Consortium will try to identify the genetic
variations that predispose to type 2 diabetes.

An example with animal subjects:

The purpose of the project is to explore regional and temporal
specificity of the GDNF depletion using tissue culture and
transplantation of defined brain regions in mice. This project will test
if the brain-specific alterations observed are caused by a loss of GDNF
in the brain, or by interaction with peripheral organs; if the
alterations persist in transplants of brain tissue, this suggests that
peripheral organs play less of a role in the results than the growth
factor loss in the brain.

**A basic science example (no human or animal involvement)**

Berberine and coptise are components of a Chinese herbal medicine
(Coptis chinensis) that has been used to treat gastroenteritis for
thousands of years. The PI has demonstrated that these components also
have anti-tumor activity. The goal of this project is to confirm the
relationship between coptise and berberine, the down-regulation of
NCOA-5, and the impact on tumor activity. First, he will determine if
berberine and coptise down-regulate NCOA-5 in a dose-dependent manner.
In a complementary experiment, he will determine whether over-expression
of NCOA-5 abolishes or diminishes the anti-tumor activity of berberine
and coptise. Finally, he will determine whether deletion of NCOA-5 will
sensitize cancer cells to berberine and coptise treatment. These
experiments should further elucidate whether NCOA-5 serves as a cellular
target for the components of this Chinese herb allowing it to act as an
anti-tumor agent.