Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 9/27/2004

**GAIN Report Number:** UK4021

UK4021

**United Kingdom**

**Fresh Deciduous Fruit**

**Annual**

**2004**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)Valerie Brown-Jones

U.S. Embassy

**Prepared by:**

Phil Bicknell, Teresa Regan

**Report Highlights:**

Although domestic production in the top fruit sector is in decline, the
UK remains a large consumer of apples and pears. The top fruit market is
worth an estimated US\$ 1.4 billion at the retail level. Apple
production for MY2003 was estimated at 135,458 MT and imports totaled
486,105 MT. The UK remains an important export market for U.S. growers,
with the UK trade regarding U.S. apples as a high quality and premium
fruit. However, the majority of apple imports are from EU and southern
hemisphere suppliers, with competition in the UK market particularly
strong in the fall.

Includes PSD Changes: Yes

Includes Trade Matrix: Yes

Annual Report

London \[UK1\]

\[UK\]

Table of Contents

[**Executive Summary 3**](#executive-summary)

[Section I: Situation and Outlook 4](#section-i-situation-and-outlook)

[Production 4](#production)

[Apples 4](#apples)

[Pears 5](#pears)

[Consumption 7](#consumption)

[Apples 7](#apples-1)

[Pears 8](#pears-1)

[Trade 9](#trade)

[Apples 9](#apples-2)

[Pears 9](#pears-2)

[Policy 10](#policy)

[Tariffs 10](#tariffs)

[Non-Tariff Barriers 10](#non-tariff-barriers)

[Marketing 11](#marketing)

[Section II: Statistical Tables 12](#section-ii-statistical-tables)

[Apples 12](#apples-3)

[Pears 14](#pears-3)

# Executive Summary

Characterized by a top fruit sector in long term decline, the UK has
become increasingly reliant on international trade to meet consumer
demand for apples and pears. However, following a 22 percent increase in
the domestic crop in MY2003, import volumes did fall marginally to
486,105 MT. Difficult growing conditions in most EU countries through
MY2003 did impact on apple crops in the EU and impacted on the
composition of imports into the UK. Both France and Italy saw a year on
year decline in shipments and provided opportunity for third country
suppliers. Overall, U.S. shipments to the UK increased by 26 percent to
22,902 MT. U.S. pear exports to the UK also increased in volume terms.
However, U.S. share of this market is negligible and total pear exports
to the UK market were valued at less than \$1 million.

The UK fresh produce sector is a mature market category, dominated by
the leading supermarket chains. Category sales continue to increase,
driven primarily by the increased availability of exotics and
valued-added pack variants. Apples remain the UK's second most popular
fruit, behind bananas. However, data does suggest that apple consumption
is experiencing a downward trend, albeit a very slow decline. By
contrast, pear consumption is increasing over the long term. However,
sales of other fruits, including grapes, stone fruit and exotics are
increasing at a considerably faster rate.

U.S. was traditionally the fourth largest supplier of apples to the UK
market but has been overtaken by both Italy and Chile in recent years.
The UK apple market is increasingly competitive. This is particularly
evident in the fall, when the marketing of the domestic and EU harvest
coincides with continued availability of southern hemisphere fruit. As a
result, U.S. apples typically arrive in significant volumes after this
peak competition period. Approximately 75 percent of U.S. apple
shipments arrive between December and May.

In this competitive environment, promotional support is an essential
part of the marketing mix, with domestic and international suppliers all
investing time and resources to support their apples. Washington Apple
Commission and the U.S. Apple Export Council conduct marketing programs
in the UK to help support U.S. apples in the face of competition from
global suppliers and shifting consumer demand.

The UK marketing year runs from July 1 through June 30.

# Section I: Situation and Outlook

# Production

## Apples

Both production area and output volumes of the British top fruit sector
are currently a fraction of historical levels. As chart 1 illustrates,
the decline has been relatively rapid. British apple orchard area is
approximately half the size it was a little over a decade ago, such has
been the strength of competition from EU and third country supplies at
the retail level. Early varieties, in particular, have been crowded out
of the market by southern hemisphere supplies.

Chart 1: Production and Area of Apples in Great Britain (MY1998-2003)

![](media/image2.wmf)

source: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra)

Orchard area decreased again through MY2003 but did show signs of
leveling off. The decline in area was the smallest year on year
reduction since MY1999. Despite the reduced area, apple production did
record a 22 percent increase on MY2002 levels. Total production in
MY2003 was recorded at 135,458 MT, according to statistics from the
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). This is a
significant revision of initial production estimates released by Defra
in September 2003. Tables 1 and 2 detail area and production data by
variety for the last four marketing years.

Post forecasts production for the MY2004 crop at 121,200 MT. Growers
have already indicated that supermarket buyers will need to be flexible
regarding the current crop. Last year's heat wave, together with wet and
warm weather over the last two months, are likely to lead to larger
fruit and russeting on a wider scale. For example, around 5 percent of
last year's Cox crop was sized at 75 mm or above. This season, the
comparable proportion of 75 mm or above fruit is expected to be nearer
25 percent. With the preferred limit of apples for packing in polythene
bags at 65 mm, there may be a shortage of fruit for bagged multipacks.

Overall, it is believed that a relatively high proportion of the crop is
on the cusp of supermarket specifications and growers are already
emphasizing the seasonal variation in the appearance of fruit.

Table 1: Apple and Pear Area in Great Britain by Variety MY2000 - MY2003
(Hectares)

  ---------- ------------ ----------------- ---------- ------------ ------------ ------------
                          **Variety**       **MY       **MY2001**   **MY2002**   **MY2003**
                                            2000**                               

  Apples                                                                         

  Culinary                                                                       

             Bramley\'s                     3561       3100         2567         2266
             Seedling                                                            

             Other                          234        241          178          180
             Culinary                                                            

  Early                                                                          
  Dessert                                                                        

             Discovery                      484        420          339          264

             Worcester                      283        207          196          147
             Pearmain                                                            

             Other Early                    248        258          201          175

  Mid                                                                            
  Dessert                                                                        

             Egremont                       334        331          268          264
             Russet                                                              

             Fiesta                         163        133          109          109

             Other Mid                      83         86           67           67

  Late                                                                           
  Dessert                                                                        

             Cox                            4186       3489         3016         2738

             Gala                           828        719          664          674

             Jonagold                       353        257          201          227

             Other Late                     701        732          568          496

             Total                          7663       6632         5629         5161
             Dessert                                                             

             Total Apples                   11458      9973         8374         7607

  Pears                                                                          

             Comice                         283        253          232          193

             Concorde                       158        123          121          148

             Conference                     1862       1903         1648         1365

             Williams                       39         39           31           27

             Other Pears                    12         12           10           9

             Total Pears                    2354       2330         2042         1742
  ---------- ------------ ----------------- ---------- ------------ ------------ ------------

## 

## Pears

Given the difficult weather conditions for the MY2003 top fruit growing
season and harvest, the UK pear crop was considered reasonable. Fruit
matured quickly in the high temperatures, creating pressure on growers
to market fruit early. Overall, fruit quality was variable at harvest,
leading to storage problems and higher than average wastage at grading
on most farms.

As with the apple industry, there has been a continued decline in the
area of pear orchards in the UK. Coupled with the challenging growing
conditions in MY2003, pear production recorded a year on year decline.
Defra estimates total pear production for MY2003 at 24,036 MT,
representing a 33 percent decline on MY2002 volumes. The MY2004 crop
volume is anticipated to be similar to MY2003 and post forecasts total
pear production for MY2004 at 23,900 MT.

Table 2: Apple and Pear Production in Great Britain by Variety MY2000 -
MY2003 (MT)

  ---------- ------------ ----------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
                          **Variety**       **MY 2000**  **MY2001**   **MY2002**   **MY2003**

  Apples                                                                           

  Culinary                                                                         

             Bramley\'s                     60325        57951        44208        50585
             Seedling                                                              

             Other                          2336         1926         1336         1602
             Culinary                                                              

  Early                                                                            
  Dessert                                                                          

             Discovery                      4619         3754         2966         2416

             Worcester                      3578         2565         2489         1959
             Pearmain                                                              

             Other Early                    1238         1291         1003         876

  Mid                                                                              
  Dessert                                                                          

             Egremont                       4972         5289         4585         4902
             Russet                                                                

             Fiesta                         3098         1541         1531         1530

             Other Mid                      413          431          335          335

  Late                                                                             
  Dessert                                                                          

             Cox                            46102        64331        30121        43859

             Gala                           16334        14385        12469        16499

             Jonagold                       10764        8364         4649         5931

             Other Late                     8416         7315         5683         4964

             **Total                        **99534**    **109266**   **65831**    **83271**
             Dessert**                                                             

             **Total                        **162195**   **169143**   **111375**   **135458**
             Apples**                                                              

  Pears                                                                            

             Comice                         3343         1456         3795         1566

             Concorde                       947          491          665          1258

             Conference                     29588        32884        31280        21113

             Williams                       118          116          92           82

             Other Pears                    37           24           19           17

             **Total                        **34033**    **34971**    **35851**    **24036**
             Pears**                                                               
  ---------- ------------ ----------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------

## 

# Consumption

## Apples

UK household consumption of fresh fruit has increased over the long
term, as illustrated in chart 2 below. Average fresh fruit consumption
has increased by 55 percent between 1975 and 2003. Increased banana
consumption has been one of the key drivers of this consumption growth
and is now the nation's leading fruit, as measured both by average
consumption and retail sales. Recent growth in fruit consumption has
been driven by the 'other fruit' category. Key factors contributing to
this category growth include the increased availability of exotic fruits
and the extended marketing seasons afforded by global supply and
improved transportation.

Chart 2: Household Consumption of Fresh Fruit 1975 -2003

![](media/image3.wmf)

source: National Statistics 2002/03 Expenditure and Food Survey

By contrast, apple consumption has remained relative static at
approximately 9.5kg per person per year. Apples remain the second most
popular fruit in the UK, although data analysis does suggest a slow,
downward trend in consumption.

Overall, the UK fresh produce sector is a mature market, characterized
by high levels of household penetration and marginal growth. The total
UK retail fruit market is valued at \$5.7bn and apples have a 20 percent
share of sales value. Although a mature market, the sector is also
characterized by its dynamism. The supply chain utilizes new varieties
and packaging formats in its drive for growth and continues to adapt to
changing lifestyles and eating habits. The apple category has benefited
from such endeavors and to a large extent has avoided the commodity
status that has arguably impacted upon the marketing of citrus and
bananas in the UK.

As with most foodstuffs, distribution of fruit is dominated by the
supermarket chains (see chart 3). Collectively, they account for 86
percent of apple sales in the UK and share continues to increase at the
expense of greengrocers. Supermarkets are proactive in the

Chart 3: UK Retail Sales of Apples by Outlet Type (CY 2002)

![](media/image4.wmf)

source: Taylor Nelson Sofres

fresh produce sector, introducing new varieties and pack types,
developing niche market opportunities and regularly promoting their
range. However, promotion in the UK market increasingly centers on price
discounts and multi-buy offers.

Concerns over obesity and health continue to grow in the UK. The UK
Government launched its "5-a-Day" program to encourage people to eat
more fruit and vegetables in 2003. Despite recognition of the health
benefits associated with fruit and vegetable consumption, only 25
percent of the UK population was meeting the target of 5 portions per
day. For low income and young consumers, the figures were even lower.

Culinary apple varieties face the challenge of adapting to changing
lifestyles. Shrinking volumes of fresh apples are used for meal
preparation inside the home. Instead, the cash rich/time poor consumer
is switching towards pre-prepared convenience foods, opting for chilled
and frozen apple pies, pastries, tarts and other products. As a result,
an estimated 65 percent of total culinary apple volumes are used for
processing, reflecting the growing demand from food manufacturers.

## 

## Pears

The UK pear market is valued at approximately US\$ 275m and pears
account for 5 percent of fresh fruit sales at the retail level. Defra
data indicates that average pear consumption is increasing over the long
term. However, consumption of stone and soft fruit is rising at a much
faster pace. As a result, pears could lose share in the fresh fruit
category as consumers respond to the diversity and choice of fresh
product on offer. Supermarkets again dominate retail sales and are
giving the fruit greater focus. Imported pear varieties supply
year-round demand and are increasingly positioned as premium products at
the retail level.

# Trade

## Apples

With declining domestic production, the UK is reliant on imports to meet
the demand for fresh apples. The three leading suppliers to the UK
market are France, New Zealand and South Africa. Collectively, they
supply approximately two-thirds of the UK's apple imports. UK apple
imports fell marginally in MY2003 to 486,105 MT, partly reflecting the
increased domestic production. However, high temperatures during summer
2003 across Europe reduced the EU crop and also reduced the MY2003
import volumes from France and Italy by 16 percent and 19 percent
respectively. Increased volumes from Chile, Brazil, China and North
America helped to offset this shortfall. U.S. shipments to the UK
increased by 26 percent to 22,902 MT. However, arrivals of U.S. apples
were still some 10 percent below the volumes recorded in MY2002 and some
15 percent below the five-year average.

The U.S. was again the sixth largest supplier to the UK. Traditionally
the fourth largest supplier to the UK, the U.S. has been overtaken by
both Italy and Chile in terms of volume in the last two years. Indeed,
the Chilean fresh produce industry has actively targeted the European
Union in recent years and is now the biggest exporter of all fruit in
the southern hemisphere. The country is reaping the benefits of its
decision to implement a nationwide good agricultural practices (GAP)
regime for its fruit growers, anticipating worldwide safety concerns
about fruits and vegetables. This has placed them in a strong situation
for supplying European markets and meeting the traceability demands of
supermarket retailers. In addition, the EU/Chile Free Trade Agreement
has increased the competitiveness of Chilean produce vis-à-vis third
country suppliers.

Despite the year on year decline in shipments, Italy continues to supply
a significant proportion of organic apples to the UK. Over the
long-term, Italy has more than doubled apples exports to the UK since
MY1997. However, U.S. apples do command a higher unit price than most of
their competitors. The total value of U.S. shipments in MY2003 was
\$26.6m versus the \$23.7m generated by Chilean apples imports.

Expectations for MY2004 are stronger for the European crop, with France
in particular expecting a much improved year. New Zealand growers will
also be anticipating a better marketing season, following a period when
prices to some growers reached a thirty year low. Stronger competition
from other southern hemisphere suppliers and the extended shelf life of
fruit, due to the adoption of Smartfresh technology, were among the
reasons for the disappointing financial returns to New Zealand growers.

Over the longer term, competition for the European market is expected
from the new EU members. Poland and Hungary are likely to be the first
to target the mature markets of Northern and Western Europe, although
industry analysts indicate that they may initially struggle to meet the
quality criteria set by retailers. Although unlikely that France would
be displaced as the UK's major supplier, the French apple industry is
already taking steps to safeguard and strengthen its position. One
tactic currently utilized is the development of new varieties such as
Jazz and Ariane.

## Pears

Approximately 80 percent of the fresh pears consumed in the UK are
imports. Key suppliers include the Netherlands, South Africa and
Belgium. However, trade data may distort the true origin of produce. It
is likely that Southern hemisphere fruit is shipped to the port of
Rotterdam in the Netherlands, before onward distribution to the UK.

With the reduced UK crop, imports from the southern hemisphere and
mainland Europe increased in MY2003 to 131,976 MT. Import volumes are
likely to remain high in MY2004. The current European crop is forecast
to increase 12 percent on last year and prices are expected to be very
competitive. Imports from the U.S. increased in MY2003 to 827 MT,
generating revenues of approximately US\$ 1m for American exporters.

# Policy

## Tariffs

In line with other EU countries, the UK import duty is established under
the EU Harmonized Tariff Schedule. To calculate import duties for most
fruit and vegetables, including apples and pears, the Entry Price System
is used. The Tariff indicates a scale of entry prices per 100 Kg net. At
the highest point on the scale, the Tariff indicates an ad valorem rate
of duty only. As you proceed down the scale specific charges are
introduced. Thus the lowest entry price generates the highest specific
charge in addition to the ad valorem duty.

## Non-Tariff Barriers

**Quality, Safety & Health Regulations**

The UK, as a member of the European Union, conforms to the EU Quality
Standards on all fresh produce for which standards have been applied.
The standards provide a degree of consumer protection for a sector where
most products are highly perishable and serious defects in the product
can develop extremely rapidly. Also, they help build consumer and trade
confidence in the quality of the produce they buy. The purpose of the
standard is to define the quality requirements for fresh apples and
pears after preparation and packaging. Each EU standard prescribes
minimum marketing requirements for quality, size, tolerances,
presentation and marking. There are three quality classes: Extra Class,
Class I, and Class II. EU/UK Miscellaneous Additives legislation permits
the use of Beeswax White, Beeswax Yellow and Shellac, as glazing
agents/waxes on apples & pears. In addition to compliance with EU/UK
Quality Standards and Food Additives legislation, all fresh deciduous
fruit is subject to the EU/UK Pesticides (Maximum Residue Levels in
Food) regulations.

**Import Requirements**

EU Regulation 1148/01 controls the import of fresh fruit and vegetables
from third countries outside the EC for consumption fresh or for
subsequent processing. All imports of products subject to the EC
Marketing Standards are required under to have a valid certificate of
conformity or Certificate of Industrial Use prior to release into free
circulation in the European Union. The UK's Horticultultural Marketing
Inspectorate (HMI) has introduced a system called the Procedure for
Electronic Application for Certificates HMI. This online system is to be
used to issue certificates for produce that complies with EC marketing
regulations.

More information about HMI and the import system is available online at:
<http://www.defra.gov.uk/hort/hmi.htm>

# 

# Marketing

Domestic supplies are typically sold in the fall because UK varieties
are largely unsuited to storage and growers have limited storage
capacity. With the bulk of domestic supplies entering the market in the
fall, together with EU fruit and southern hemisphere produce still
available, the UK market is very competitive early in the marketing
year. As a result, the majority of U.S. apples are marketed from
December onwards. The U.S. is regarded by the trade as a supplier of
high quality produce and U.S. apples do command a premium, with UK
consumers willing to pay a premium for the red and red bi-color apples.
Also, organic fruits continue to attract a premium price in the UK.

The Washington Apple Commission, the U.S. Apple Export Council and Pear
Bureau Northwest all conduct marketing campaigns to coincide with the
arrival of U.S. fruit. Market Access Program (MAP) and producer funding
allow the U.S. top fruit industry to carry out these activities in the
UK market. Consumer and trade activities include tastings, competitions,
advertising, point-of-sale material and on-pack promotions.

A range of marketing activities are also undertaken by the main
suppliers to the UK market. French, South African, New Zealand and
Chilean apples are all supported at key times with a number of marketing
tactics. These include radio advertising, sponsorship, tastings and
school information packs.

English Apples and Pears conduct PR and advertising activity to support
the domestic crop and the most active campaign is for Bramley apples.
Bramley Apple Week and the 'Brammy' Awards feature heavily in the
promotional calendar. These events generate high profile PR activity in
consumer media, with the aim of encouraging consumers to either cook
from scratch or purchase some of the pre-prepared products made with
Bramley apples. Campaigns are increasingly targeted at the consumers of
tomorrow, with current activities focusing on schools and catering
colleges. The annual awards ceremony provides recognition to the trade
for its role in promoting UK culinary apples.

Several challenges face U.S. apples in the UK marketplace. They include
increasing competition from southern hemisphere suppliers, US/EU trade
relationships and shifting demand towards new varieties and smaller
apples. This competitive environment, together with the increasing
dominance of multiple retailers in the fresh produce market, means the
quality aspects (firmness, juiciness, flavor) of American apples must be
regularly communicated to trade buyers and the price-focused retail
trade in the UK.

# 

# Section II: Statistical Tables 

## Apples

  ------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------
  PSD Table                                                                         

  Country       United                                                              
                Kingdom                                                             

  Commodity     Apples,                                     (HA)(1000               
                Fresh                                       TREES)(MT)              

                2002       Revised    2003       Estimate   2004         Forecast   UOM

                USDA       Post       USDA       Post       USDA         Post       
                Official   Estimate   Official   Estimate   Official     Estimate   
                \[Old\]    \[New\]    \[Old\]    \[New\]    \[Old\]      \[New\]    

  Market Year              07/2002               07/2003                 07/2004    MM/YYYY
  Begin                                                                             

  Area Planted  8370       8370       7790       7610       0            7250       (HA)

  Area          8370       8370       7790       7610       0            7250       (HA)
  Harvested                                                                         

  Bearing Trees 8370       8370       7790       7610       0            7250       (1000
                                                                                    TREES)

  Non-Bearing   400        400        400        400        0            400        (1000
  Trees                                                                             TREES)

  Total Trees   8770       8770       8190       8010       0            7650       (1000
                                                                                    TREES)

  Commercial    111380     111380     110400     135500     0            121200     (MT)
  Production                                                                        

  Non-Comm.     0          0          0          0          0            0          (MT)
  Production                                                                        

  TOTAL         111380     111380     110400     135500     0            121200     (MT)
  Production                                                                        

  TOTAL Imports 493030     494440     485000     486100     0            489800     (MT)

  TOTAL SUPPLY  604410     605820     595400     621600     0            611000     (MT)

  Domestic      558620     560020     554400     563080     0            565000     (MT)
  Fresh                                                                             
  Consumption                                                                       

  Exports,      13290      13300      13000      20720      0            13000      (MT)
  Fresh Only                                                                        

  For           32500      32500      28000      37800      0            33000      (MT)
  Processing                                                                        

  Withdrawal    0          0          0          0          0            0          (MT)
  From Market                                                                       

  TOTAL         604410     605820     595400     621600     0            611000     (MT)
  UTILIZATION                                                                       
  ------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------

  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
  **Import Trade                                        
  Matrix**                                              

  **Country**       United Kingdom                      

  **Commodity**     Apples, Fresh                       

  Time Period       MY                Units:            MT

  Imports for:      2002                                **2003**

  U.S.              18148             U.S.              22902

  Others                              Others            

  France            179907            France            151823

  South Africa      95879             South Africa      91570

  New Zealand       72317             New Zealand       75236

  Italy             32899             Italy             26725

  Chile             20244             Chile             25150

  Germany           17740             Netherlands       18370

  Netherlands       11109             Germany           16541

  Belgium           9420              Brazil            14034

  Brazil            8168              Canada            12649

  Total for Others  447683                              432098

  Others not Listed 28614                               31105

  Grand Total       494445                              486105
  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------

  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
  **Export Trade                                        
  Matrix**                                              

  **Country**       United Kingdom                      

  **Commodity**     Apples, Fresh                       

  Time Period       MY                Units:            MT

  Exports for:      2002                                **2003**

  U.S.              0                 U.S.              0

  Others                              Others            

  Ireland           11603             Ireland           17443

  France            737               Belgium           1778

  Belgium           505               Netherlands       1066

  Germany           212               France            235

  Netherlands       139               Germany           140

  Sweden            68                Malaysia          19

  Falkland Islands  14                Austria           18

  Dubai             7                 Falklands Islands 8

  South Africa      7                 Gibraltar         3

  Macedonia         3                 Hong Kong         3

  Total for Others  13295                               20713

  Others not Listed 8                                   6

  Grand Total       13303                               20719
  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------

## Pears

  ------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------
  PSD Table                                                                         

  Country       United                                                              
                Kingdom                                                             

  Commodity     Pears,                                      (HA)(1000               
                Fresh                                       TREES)(MT)              

                2002       Revised    2003       Estimate   2004         Forecast   UOM

                USDA       Post       USDA       Post       USDA         Post       
                Official   Estimate   Official   Estimate   Official     Estimate   
                \[Old\]    \[New\]    \[Old\]    \[New\]    \[Old\]      \[New\]    

  Market Year              07/2002               07/2003                 07/2004    MM/YYYY
  Begin                                                                             

  Area Planted  2040       2040       0          1740       0            1700       (HA)

  Area          2040       2040       0          1740       0            1700       (HA)
  Harvested                                                                         

  Bearing Trees 2040       2040       0          1740       0            1700       (1000
                                                                                    TREES)

  Non-Bearing   0          0          0          0          0            0          (1000
  Trees                                                                             TREES)

  Total Trees   2040       2040       0          1740       0            1700       (1000
                                                                                    TREES)

  Commercial    35850      35850      28300      24040      0            23900      (MT)
  Production                                                                        

  Non-Comm.     0          0          0          0          0            0          (MT)
  Production                                                                        

  TOTAL         35850      35850      28300      24040      0            23900      (MT)
  Production                                                                        

  TOTAL Imports 116220     116670     120000     131980     0            128000     (MT)

  TOTAL SUPPLY  152070     152520     148300     156020     0            151900     (MT)

  Domestic      149040     148480     145450     153200     0            149050     (MT)
  Fresh                                                                             
  Consumption                                                                       

  Exports,      2530       3540       2500       2320       0            2500       (MT)
  Fresh Only                                                                        

  For           500        500        350        500        0            350        (MT)
  Processing                                                                        

  Withdrawal    0          0          0          0          0            0          (MT)
  From Market                                                                       

  TOTAL         152070     152520     148300     156020     0            151900     (MT)
  UTILIZATION                                                                       
  ------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------

  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
  **Import Trade                                        
  Matrix**                                              

  **Country**       United Kingdom                      

  **Commodity**     Pears, Fresh                        

  Time Period       MY                Units:            MT

  Imports for:      2002                                **2003**

  U.S.              688               U.S.              827

  Others                              Others            

  Netherlands       39862             Netherlands       52619

  South Africa      20497             South Africa      25590

  Portugal          14162             Belgium           15083

  Belgium           13536             Italy             14103

  Italy             10813             Portugal          7722

  Spain             3704              France            2887

  Germany           3671              Spain             2716

  France            3562              China             2264

  China             2239              Argentina         2260

  Argentina         2010              Germany           2160

  Total for Others  114056                              127404

  Others not Listed 1928                                3745

  Grand Total       116672                              131976
  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------

  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
  **Export Trade                                        
  Matrix**                                              

  **Country**       United Kingdom                      

  **Commodity**     Pears, Fresh                        

  Time Period       MY                Units:            MT

  Exports for:      2002                                **2003**

  U.S.              0                 U.S.              0

  Others                              Others            

  Ireland           1983              Ireland           1820

  Netherlands       1040              Netherlands       231

  Belgium           368               Belgium           177

  France            92                Singapore         72

  Sweden            21                Italy             21

  Germany           20                Sweden            2

  China             20                Falkland Islands  1

                                      Afghanistan       1

                                                         

                                                         

  Total for Others  3544                                2325

  Others not Listed 1                                   0

  Grand Total       3545                                2325
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