SUMMARY CURRICULUM VITAE

**Daniel Acosta, Jr.**

**Education** B.S., 1968; Ph.D. 1974

**Academic Positions** Research Assistant, University of Kansas,
1972-1974

Assistant Professor, University of Texas, 1974-1979

Associate Professor, University of Texas, 1979-1983

Professor, University of Texas, 1983-1996

> > Dean, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, 1996‑present

**Organizational Membership** Nine professional and scientific
organizations

**Honors** National Science Foundation Traineeship, 1970-1973

National Chicano Council on Higher Education

Post-Doctoral Fellowship (Ford Foundation), 1978-1979

> > Candidate for National Secretary of Rho Chi Pharmacy Honor Society,
> > 1978

Burroughs Wellcome Toxicology Scholar, 1986-1991

> > Alcon Centennial Professorship at the University of Texas, 1986‑1989

Johnson & Johnson Professorship, 1989-1996

> > Colgate Palmolive Visiting Professor in In Vitro Toxicology,
> > Washington State University, 1996
>
> > Vice President-elect, Society of Toxicology, 1998
>
> > Vice President, Society of Toxicology, 1999
>
> > President, Society of Toxicology, 2000-2001
>
> > U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Breast Cancer
> > Research Program, Integration Panel, 1998-2000

**Teaching** Undergraduate: Physiology, pharmacology, and toxicology

Graduate: Cell culture techniques; cellular toxicology

**Advanced Students** Fourteen, Ph.D.; Eleven, post-Ph.D.; Four, M.S.

**Supervised**

**Ph.D. Students, 1985-1996** Nine

**Publications** Over one hundred and twenty papers in print or in
press; 26 book chapters or reviews; 3 books

**Abstracts or Presentations** Over one hundred and seventy-five
presented before learned groups.

**Daniel Acosta, Jr. Page 2**

**Editorships** Toxicology In Vitro (a journal of toxicology),
1994-present

Cardiovascular Toxicology (monograph), 1992-present

Cellular and Molecular Toxicology and In Vitro Toxicology (monograph),
1990

**Professional Activities (1985-Present)**

# Society of Toxicology, ASPET, and Society for In Vitro Biology

• Past-President , 2001-2002, Society of Toxicology

-   President, 2000-2001, Society of Toxicology

• Vice President, 1999-2000, Society of Toxicology

-   Vice President-Elect, 1998-1999, Society of Toxicology

-   Chairman, Program Committee, 1999-2000

-   Co-Chairman, Program Committee, 1998-1999

• Councilor, 1992-1994, Society of Toxicology

• Member, Program Committee, 1985-1988, Society of Toxicology

• Chairman, Membership Committee, 1989-1991, Society of Toxicology

• President, Gulf Coast Regional Chapter, 1989-1990, Society of
Toxicology

• President, In Vitro Specialty Section, 1994-1995, Society of
Toxicology

• Member, Finance Committee, 1996-1998, Society of Toxicology

• Councilor, Mechanisms Specialty Section, 1988-1990, Society of
Toxicology

• Liaison, Society for In Vitro Biology, 1983-1998, Society of
Toxicology

• Co-Chairman, Committee on Toxicity, Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis,
SIVB, 1984-1988

• Member, Executive Committee, Toxicology Division, American Society for
Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 1993-1996

# Editorships and Editorial Boards

• Associate Editor, In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology, Journal
of the Society for In Vitro Biology, 1993-present

• North American Editor (Associate Editor), Toxicology In Vitro,
1991-1993

• Editor, Toxicology In Vitro, 1994-present

• Editor, Target Organ Toxicology Series on Cardiovascular Toxicology,
1990-present

• Editor, Monograph, Cellular and Molecular Toxicology and In Vitro
Toxicology, CRC Press, 1990

• Editorial Board, Toxicology, 1991-1996

• Editorial Board, In Vitro Toxicology, 1986-1993

• Editorial Board, Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, 1986-1992

• Reviewer for the following journals: Biochemical Pharmacology, Life
Sciences, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

**Daniel Acosta, Jr. Page 3**

## Government and Private Activities

• Ad Hoc Member, US Air Force Scientific Advisory Board of Science and
Technology, Review of

of the Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson AF Base, Dayton,
Ohio, November, 2001

• Member, Search Committee for the Director of the Environmental
Toxicology Division, EPA, 1999-2000

-   Member, U.S. Army Breast Cancer Research Program, Integration Panel,
    1998-2000

-   Member, FDA Scientific Advisory Board for the National Center for
    Toxicology Research, 2000- present; Chairman, 2001-present

-   Chairman, Texas A&M University External Advisory Board, Center for
    Environmental and Rural Health, NIEHS Center, 1998-present

-   Member, Expert Committee on Toxicology and Biocompatibility, United
    States Pharmacopoeia, 2000-2005

-   Liaison member, National Advisory Environmental Health Sciences
    Council, NIEHS, NIH, 2000-2002

-   Member, Board of Scientific Councilors, Environmental Protection
    Agency, 2000-present

• Member, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Pharmacology II
Research Subcommittee, Drug Abuse Biomedical Research Review Committee,
1990-1993

• Member, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Panel for the Predoctoral
Fellowships in Biological Sciences Program, 1995-1997

• Special Reviewer, Toxicology Study Section, NIH, 1985

• Expert Reviewer, Board of Scientific Counselors of NIEHS, National
Toxicology Program, 1987

• Ad Hoc Consultant to Minority Biomedical Support Program of NIH

• Member, Central Research Review Committee, American Heart Association,
Texas Affiliate, 1976‑1981

• Member, Allocations and Advisory Committee, American Heart
Association, Texas Affiliate, 1978‑1981

• Member, Board of Directors, American Heart Association, Texas
Affiliate, 1981-1983

• Member, Special Review Committee, National Cancer Institute, RFA
89-CA-17, National Cooperative Natural Products Drug Discovery Group

-   Member, Steering Committee, 1993 Workshop on Eye Irritation Testing:
    Practical Application of Non-whole Animal Alternatives

-   Member, Board of Trustees, Toxicology Excellence for Risk
    Assessment, 2001-present

## Pharmacy Activities

• Member, Research and Graduate Affairs Committee, American Association
of College of Pharmacy, 1995-1996

• Member, Academic Affairs Committee, AACP, 1997-1998

• Member, Walgreen Pharmacy Advisory Council, 1996-1999

• Member, Board of Directors, Council of Ohio Colleges of Pharmacy,
1996-present; Chair, 2002-present

**Daniel Acosta, Jr. Page 4**

**Research Activities (1985-2002)**

Dr. Acosta\'s research has focused on the development of *in vitro*
cellular models to explore and evaluate the mechanisms by which
xenobiotics damage or injure specific cell types of various organs or
tissues. To have a better understanding of selective toxicity of these
compounds, his laboratory has developed primary culture systems of
liver, heart, kidney, nerve, skin, and eye cells as experimental models
to study the cellular and subcellular toxicity of selected xenobiotics.
An important aspect of his research has been to establish the retention
of differentiated functions in these culture systems, which are similar
to their tissue counterparts in the intact animal. Another consideration
of his research has been to develop sensitive indices of cytotoxicity to
better understand the mechanisms by which these selected xenobiotics
cause cellular injury. For example, Dr. Acosta has explored the use of
primary cultures of rat myocardial cells to study cell injury associated
with simulated ischemic conditions\--hypoxia, glucose deprivation, and
extracelllular acidosis\--which resulted in time-related inhibition of
beating activity, marked alteration in cellular morphology, leakage of
cytoplasmic enzymes and enhanced lysosomal membrane fragility. In
addition, he has studied cell injury associated with
hypoxic-reoxygenation phenomena and with depletion and repletion of
calcium, the so-called calcium paradox. These studies showed that the
absence of calcium ions during a hypoxic episode potentiated the
cellular injury produced upon reoxygenation of hypoxic heart cells. He
has also routinely used the myocardial cell culture systems to explore
the mechanism of action of selected cardiotoxic agents and to evaluate
the toxicity of a variety of compounds as to their effects on the heart.
For example, the mechanism of toxicity of isoproterenol was suggested to
involve the formation of reactive intermediates, which in turn caused
alterations in calcium homeostasis. He has evaluated the cardiotoxicity
of such drugs and chemicals as caffeine, free fatty acids,
chlorpromazine, tricyclic antidepressants, ethanol, doxorubicin,
diazepam, and food additives.

For his work with the liver, he has established the capacity of cultured
rat hepatocytes to metabolically activate an agent to toxic
intermediates, to quantitate the formation of these metabolites, and to
assess the cytotoxicity of the formed metabolites to cells in culture.
By measuring the distribution of covalent binding of the reactive
intermediates of a test agent to macromolecules in various subcellular
fractions, the potential sites of cellular damage produced by the agent
were identified. He worked with Patrick J. Davis, a colleague in
Medicinal Chemistry, on the development of fungal cellular systems as
experimental models to study the toxicity and metabolism of xenobiotics
and to serve as an alternative testing system to screen for compounds
potentially toxic to higher organisms. Their approach to this problem
was to compare and contrast the fungal cell systems to the primary
culture system of rat hepatocytes described above.

More recently, Dr. Acosta has worked on the development of primary
culture systems of rabbit corneal epithelial cells, conjunctival cells,
and iris epithelial cells and primary cultures of rat epidermal
keratinocytes as *in vitro* models to evaluate selected chemicals for
ocular and dermal toxicity. It is hoped that such systems may eventually
serve as alternative testing systems for the Draize and skin irritation
tests.

In summary, Dr. Acosta\'s laboratory has had extensive experience in *in
vitro* toxicology and in the

development of cell culture systems and methods for assessing
cytotoxicity. This type of technology

should prove valuable in the development of new drugs by providing
pharmacological and toxicological

data.

**DANIEL ACOSTA, JR.**

#### Curriculum Vitae

**I. [Education]{.underline}**

[Year Degree Institution]{.underline}

1965 Pre-Pharmacy University of Texas;

El Paso, Texas.

1968 B.S., Pharmacy University of Texas;

Austin, Texas.

1974 Ph.D., Pharmacology/ University of Kansas;

Toxicology Lawrence, Kansas.

**II. [Appointments]{.underline}**

[Month, Year Position Institution]{.underline}

9/72-5/74 Research University of Kansas; Department

Assistant of Pharmacology/Toxicology

9/74-8/79 Assistant Professor, University of Texas at Austin;

Pharmacology and College of Pharmacy

Toxicology

1979-1983 Associate Professor, University of Texas at Austin;

Pharmacology and College of Pharmacy

Toxicology

1983-1996 Professor, University of Texas at Austin;

Pharmacology and College of Pharmacy

Toxicology

1985-1996 Associate Head, University of Texas at Austin,

Pharmacology and College of Pharmacy

Toxicology

1985-1996 Head, Biochemical University of Texas at Austin,

Toxicology Program College of Pharmacy

Drug Dynamics

Institute

1990-1996 Director, Toxicology University of Texas at Austin

Training Program College of Pharmacy

1996-present Dean University of Cincinnati

College of Pharmacy

**III. [Honors and Awards]{.underline}**

1\. Undergraduate: Graduated with highest honors (1st in class); Merck
and Rho Chi Awards for Excellence in Pharmacy.

2\. Graduate: National Science Foundation Trainee, 1970-1973.

3\. Postgraduate: Swedish Government Grant in Pharmacology\--to study at
Karolinska Institute, 1974. Declined award to accept position at
University of Texas.

4\. Societies: Rho Chi; Phi Kappa Phi.

5\. Awarded a National Chicano Council on Higher Education Postdoctoral
Fellowship (Ford Foundation, 1978-1979).

6\. Named "Alumnus of Distinction" by the Lambda chapter of Phi Delta
Chi, national pharmacy fraternity, 1980-1981.

7\. Initial holder of Lilly-Sublett Centennial Fellowship at the
University of Texas, 1983-1986.

8\. Initial holder of the Alcon Centennial Professorship at the
University of Texas, 1986-1989

9\. Johnson & Johnson Centennial Professorship, 1989-1996

10\. Burroughs Wellcome Toxicology Scholar, 1986-1991

11\. Named "Alumnus of Distinction" by the Lambda Chapter of Phi Delta
Chi, national pharmacy fraternity, 1986-1987

12\. Editorial Boards (past and present): Toxicology, In Vitro Cellular
and Developmental Biology, Toxicology In Vitro, Toxicology Methods, J.
Biochemical Toxicology, and Fundamental and Applied Toxicology

13\. Editor of monograph, Cellular and Molecular Toxicology and In Vitro
Toxicology for CRC Press, 1990

14\. Editor of Cardiovascular Toxicology for Target Organ Toxicology
Series, 1990-present

15. Editor, Toxicology In Vitro, 1994-present

16. President, Society of Toxicology, 2000-2001

17. Member, Breast Cancer Research Program Integration Panel, 1998

**IV. [Professional Organizations]{.underline}**

1\. Tissue Culture Association

2\. American Heart Association, Basic Sciences Council

3\. Society of Toxicology

4\. AAAS

5\. American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

6.  Phi Delta Chi

7.  American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy

**V. [Personnel Trained and Current Position (28
individuals)]{.underline}**

**VI. [Publications in Print ]{.underline}**

1\. Wenzel, D.G. and Acosta, D. Permeability of lysosomes and
mitochondria in cultured rat heart muscle and endothelioid cells as
affected by vitamin A, chlorpromazine, amphotericin B, and clofibrate.
Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 6:689-700 (1973).

2\. Acosta, D., Wenzel, D.G. and Wheatley, J.W. Beating duration of
cultured rat heart cells as affected by drugs and other factors.
Pharmacol. Res. Commun. 6:263-271 (1974).

3\. Wenzel, D.G. and Acosta, D. Clofibrate enhancement of
stearate-induced permeability of lysosomes and mitochondria in cultured
heart muscle and endothelioid cells. Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol.
Pharmacol. 7:210-204 (1974).

4\. Acosta, D. and Wenzel, D.G. Injury produced by free fatty acids to
lysosomes and mitochondria in cultured heart muscle and endothelial
cells. Atherosclerosis 20:417-426 (1974).

5\. Wenzel, D.G. and Acosta, D. Labilization of lysosomes and
mitochondria in situ by hypoxia-related factors. Res. Commun. Chem.
Pathol. Pharmacol. 12:173-176 (1975).

6\. Wenzel, D.G. and Acosta, D. The use of cultured cells for in situ
measurements of mitochondrial fragility. Tissue Culture Association
Manual 1:221-223 (1975).

7\. Acosta, D. and Wenzel, D.G. A permeability test for the study of
mitochondrial injury in in vitro cultured heart muscle and endotheloid
cells. Histochem. J. 7:45-56 (1975).

8\. Wenzel, D.G. Acosta, D., and Kretsinger, W.B. Cholesterol and
B-lipoprotein on lipid inclusions and lysosomal and mitochondrial
permeability of cultured heart muscle and endothelioid cells. Res.
Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 12:789-792 (1975).

9\. Combs, A.B., Acosta, D. and Folkers, K. Prevention by coenzyme Q of
the cardiotoxicity of adriamycin in cultured heart cells. IRCS Medical
Science 4:403 (1976).

10\. Acosta, D. and Anuforo, D. Cytotoxicity of caffeine in cultured
heart cells. Toxicology 6:225-233 (1976)

11\. Acosta, D. and Chappell, R. Cardiotoxicity of diazepam in cultured
heart cells. Toxicology 8:311-317 (1977).

12\. Acosta, D. and Anuforo, D. Acute mitochondrial toxicity of caffeine
in cultured heart cells. Drug Chem. Toxicol. 1:19-24 (1977-1978).

13\. Acosta, D. and Puckett, M. Ischemic myocardial injury in cultured
heart cells: Preliminary observations on morphology and beating
activity. In Vitro 13:818-823 (1977).

14\. Acosta, D., Puckett, M. and McMillin, R. Ischemic myocardial injury
in cultured heart cells: in situ lyosomal damage. Experientia
34:1388-1389 (1978).

15\. Leslie, S.W., Gad, S.C. and Acosta, D. Cytotoxicity of butylated
hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole in cultured heart cells.
Toxicology 10:281-289 (1978).

16\. Bonner, H.W., Buffington, C.K., Newman, J.J. and Acosta, D.
Contractile activity of neonatal heart cells in culture derived from
offspring of exercised pregnant rats. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 39:1-6
(1978).

17\. Acosta, D., Puckett, M. and McMillin, R. Ischemic myocardial injury
in cultured heart cells: Leakage of cytoplasmic enzymes from injured
cells. In Vitro 14:728-732 (1978).

18\. Acosta, D., Anuforo, D. and Smith, R.V. Primary monolayer cultures
of postnatal rat liver cells with extended differentiated functions. In
Vitro 14:428-436 (1978).

19\. Anuforo, D.C., Acosta, D. and Smith, R.V. Hepatotoxicity studies
with primary cultures of rat liver cells. In Vitro 14:981-988 (1978).

20\. Acosta, D., and Cheng-Pei Li. Injury to primary cultures of rat
heart endothelial cells by hypoxia and glucose deprivation. In Vitro
15:929-934 (1979).

21\. Gad, S.C., Leslie, S.W. and Acosta, D. Inhibitory actions of
butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on isolated ileal, atrial, and heart
preparations. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 49:45-52 (1979).

22\. Acosta, D., Puckett, M. and Li, C.P. Reduction of cell injury in
hypoxic cultures of rat myocardial cells by methylprednisolone. In Vitro
16:93-96 (1980).

23\. Acosta, D., Anuforo, D.C., McMillin, R., Soine, W.H. and Smith,
R.V. Comparison of cytochrome P-450 levels in adult rat liver, postnatal
rat liver, and primary cultures of postnatal rat hepatocytes. Life
Sciences 25:1413-418 (1979).

24\. Acosta, D., Anuforo, D.C., and Smith, R.V. Cytotoxicity of
acetaminophen and papaverine in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes.
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 53:306-314 (1980).

25\. Acosta, D., Anuforo, D.C. and Smith, R.V. Preparation of primary
monolayer cultures of postnatal rat liver cells. J. Tiss. Cult. Meth.
6:35-38 (1980).

26\. Acosta, D. and Li, C.P. Actions of extracellular acidosis on
primary cultures of rat myocardial cells deprived of oxygen and glucose.
J. Molec. Cell. Cardiol. 12:1459-1463 (1980).

27\. Mitchell, D.B., Santone, K.S. and Acosta, D. Evaluation of
cytotoxicity in cultured cells by enzyme leakage. J. Tiss. Cult. Meth.
6:113-116 (1980).

28\. Mitchell, D.B. and Acosta, D. Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of
tricyclic antidepressants in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. J.
Toxicol. Envir. Health 7:83-92 (1981).

29\. Acosta, D. and Mitchell, D.B. Metabolic activation and cytotoxicity
of cyclophosphamide in primary cultures of postnatal rat hepatocytes.
Biochem. Pharmacol. 30:3225-3230 (1981).

30\. Acosta, D., Mitchell, D.B. and Santone, K.S. Lack of cytotoxicity
of ticrynafen in cultured hepatocytes. Toxicol. Lett. 10:385-388 (1982).

31\. Santone, K.S., Acosta, D. and Bruckner, J.V. Cadmium toxicity in
primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. J. Toxicol. Envir. Health
10:169-177 (1982).

32\. Nelson, K.F., Acosta, D. and Bruckner, J.V. Long-term maintenance
and induction of cytochrome P-450 in primary cultures of rat
hepatocytes. Biochem. Pharmacol. 31:2211-2214 (1982).

33\. Ekwall, B. and Acosta, D. In vitro comparative toxicity of selected
drugs and chemicals in HeLa cells, Chang liver cells, and rat
hepatocytes. Drug Chem. Toxicol. 5:219-231 (1982).

34\. Acosta, D., Ramos, K. and Li-Goldman, C.P. Cellular injury of
primary cultures of rat myocytes incubated in calcium-free medium
followed by recovery in calcium. In Vitro 19:141-144 (1983).

35\. Ramos, K. and Acosta, D. Prevention by l(-)ascorbic acid of
isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in primary cultures of rat
myocytes. Toxicology 26:81-90 (1983).

36\. Ramos, K., Combs, A.B. and Acosta, D. Cytotoxicity of isoproterenol
to cultured heart cells: Effects of antioxidants on modifying membrane
damage. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 70:317-323 (1983).

37\. Kyle, G.M., Luthra, R., Bruckner, J.V. , MacKenzie, W.F. and
Acosta, D. Assessment of functional, morphological, and enzymatic tests
for acute nephrotoxicity induced by mercuric chloride. J. Toxicol.
Envir. Hlth. 12:99-117 (1983).

38\. Santone, K.S. and Acosta, D. Measurement of functional metabolic
activity as a sensitive parameter of cytotoxicity in cultured
hepatocytes. J. Tiss. Cult. Meth. 7:137-142 (1982).

39\. Ramos, K., Combs, A.B. and Acosta, D. Role of calcium in
isoproterenol cytotoxicity to cultured myocardial cells. Biochem.
Pharmacol. 33:1989-1992 (1984).

40\. Acosta, D., Combs, A.B. and Ramos, K. Attenuation by antioxidants
of Na+/K+ ATPase inhibition by toxic concentrations of isoproterenol in
cultured rat myocardial cells. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 16:281-284 (1984).

41\. Acosta, D. and Ramos, K. Cardiotoxicity of tricyclic
antidepressants in primary cultures of rat myocardial cells. J. Toxicol.
Envir. Hlth. 14:137-143 (1984).

42\. Acosta, D., Ramos, K. and Li-Goldman, C.P. Cell injury of cultured
rat myocardial cells after reoxygenation of hypoxic cultures in the
presence and absence of calcium. In Vitro. 20:642-646 (1984).

43\. Butler, A.W., Farrar, R.P. and Acosta, D. The effects of
cardioactive drugs on the beating activity of myocardial cell cultures
isolated from offspring of trained and untrained pregnant rats. In Vitro
20:629-634 (1984).

44\. Sorensen, E.M.B., Smith, N.K.R., Boecker, C.S. and Acosta, D.
Calcium amelioration of cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in cultured rat
hepatocytes. In Vitro 20:771-779 (1984).

45\. Sorensen, E.M.B. and Acosta, D. Cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in
cultured rat hepatocytes as evaluated by morphometric analysis. In Vitro
20:763-770 (1984).

46\. Ramos, K. and Acosta, D. Accumulation of 45calcium as an index of
cell injury and cytotoxicity in cultured cells. J. Tissue Cult. Meth.
9:3-5 (1984).

47\. Nealon, D.G., Sorensen, E.M.B. and Acosta, D. A fluorescence
polarization procedure for the evaluation of the effects of cadmium and
calcium on plasma membrane fluidity. J. Tissue Cult. Meth. 9:11-17
(1984).

48\. Sorensen, E.M.B., Ramirez-Mitchell, R. and Acosta, D. Stereographic
evaluation of cellular changes in vivo or in vitro. J. Tissue Cult.
Meth. 9:23-28 (1984).

49\. Combs, A.B., Acosta, D. and Ramos, K. Effects of doxorubicin and
verapamil on calcium uptake in primary cultures of rat myocardial cells.
Biochem. Pharmacol. 34:1115-1116 (1985).

50\. Butler, A.W., Smith, M.A., Farrar, R.P. and Acosta, D. Ethanol
toxicity in primary cultures of rat myocardial cells. Toxicology
36:61-70 (1985).

51\. Sorensen, E.M.B., Nealon, D.G. and Acosta, D. Effects of cadmium
and calcium on the fluidity of plasma membranes. Toxicol. Lett.
25:319-326 (1985).

52\. Sorensen, E.M.B. and Acosta, D. Comparison of dantrolene sodium
with erythromycin estolate using primary cultures of rat hepatocytes.
Drug Chem. Toxicology 8:219-237 (1985).

53\. Mitchell, D.B., Acosta, D. and Bruckner, J.V. Role of glutathione
depletion in the cytotoxicity of acetaminophen in a primary culture
system of rat hepatocytes. Toxicology 37:127-146 (1985).

54\. Acosta, D., Anuforo, D., Mitchell, D., Santone, K. and Nelson, K. A
primary cell culture system for hepatotoxic assessment. Lab Animal
14:31-36 (1985).

55\. Sorensen, E.M.B. and Acosta, D. Erythromycin estolate-induced
toxicity in cultured rat hepatocytes. Toxicol. Letters 27:73-82 (1985)

56\. Sorensen, E.M.B. and Acosta, D. Relative toxicities of several
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compounds in primary cultures of rat
hepatocytes. J. Toxicol. Envir. Hlth. 16:425-440 (1985).

57\. Bruckner, J.V., MacKenzie, W.F., Muralidhara, S., Luthra, R., Kyle,
G.M. and Acosta, D. Oral toxicity of carbon tetrachloride: acute,
subacute, and subchronic studies in rats. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 6:16-34
(1986).

58\. Acosta, D. and Bradlaw, J. Symposium: Application of Cell Culture
to Toxicology. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 6: 579 (1986).

59\. Acosta, D. Stege, T.E. and Erickson, C.K. Cytotoxicity of ethanol
in primary cultures of rat midbrain neurons. Toxicol. Letters 30:
231-235 (1986).

60\. Smith, M.A. and Acosta, D. Development of a primary culture system
of rat kidney cortical cells to evaluate the nephrotoxicity of
xenobiotics. Food Chem. Toxicol. 24:551-556 (1986).

61\. Butler, A.W., Smith, M.A., Farrar, R.P. and Acosta, D. Attenuation
of ethanol toxicity in primary myocardial cell cultures from offspring
of swim-trained rats. Toxicol. In Vitro 1:39-44 (1987).

62\. Smith, M.A., Acosta, D. and Bruckner, J.V. Cephaloridine toxicity
in primary cultures of rat renal cortical epithelial cells. Toxicol. In
Vitro 1:23-29 (1987).

63\. Butler, A.W., Smith, M.A., Farrar, R.P. and Acosta, D. The effects
of ethanol on cellular calcium content in primary myocardial cell
cultures from offspring of sedentary and swim-trained pregnant rats.
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 142:496-500 (1987).

64\. Norbury, K.C., Sandifer, S., Carthage, Sorensen, E.M., and Acosta,
D. An interlaboratory study using postnatal rat hepatocytes to measure
in vitro toxicity of known hepatotoxins. In Vitro Toxicol. 1:193-203
(1987).

65\. Kisby, G.E., and Acosta, D. Cytotoxic effects of aluminum in
hippocampal, cerebellar, and astrocyte cell cultures. In Vitro Toxicol.
1:85-102 (1987).

66\. Welder, A.A., Smith, M.A., Ramos, K. and Acosta, D. Cocaine-induced
cardiotoxicity in vitro. Toxicol. In Vitro 2:205-213 (1988).

67\. Welder, A.A., Machu, T., Leslie, S.W., Wilcox, R.E., Bradlaw, J.
and Acosta, D Beta-adrenergic receptor characteristics of postnatal rat
myocardial cell preparations. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 24:771-777
(1988).

68\. Mbugua, P.M., Welder, A.A. and Acosta, D. Cardiotoxicity of
Jamesoni\'s mamba venom and its fractionated components in primary
cultures of rat myocardial cells. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 24:743-752
(1988).

69\. Mbugua, P.M., Welder, A.A., and Acosta, D. Cardiotoxicity of Kenyan
green mamba venom and its fractionated components in primary cultures of
rat myocardial cells. Toxicology 52:187-207 (1988).

70\. Smith, M.A., Swann, J. and Acosta, D. Isolation and primary culture
of rat renal cortical epithelial cells. J. Tissue Cult. Meth.
[11]{.underline}:207-210 (1988).

71\. Welder, A.A., Park, Y., Bradlaw, J. and Acosta, D. Cardiotoxicity
of amitriptyline in primary cultures of rat myocardial cells. In Vitro
Toxicol. [2]{.underline}:109-116 (1989).

72\. Davila, J.C., Lenherr, A. and Acosta, D. Protective effect of
flavonoids on drug-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro. Toxicology
[57]{.underline}:267-286 (1989).

73\. Davila, J.C., Reddy, C.G., Davis, P.J. and Acosta, D. Toxicity
assessment of papaverine hydrochloride and paverine-derived metabolites
in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.
[26]{.underline}:515-524 (1990).

74. Davila, J.C., Davis, P.J. and Acosta, D. Cytotoxic effects of
    papaverine hydrochloride in liver cell cultures. In Vitro Toxicol.
    [3]{.underline}:229-241 (1990).

75. Swann, J.D. and Acosta, D. Failure of gentamicin to elevate cellular
    malondialdehyde content or increase generation of intracellular
    reactive oxygen species in primary cultures of renal cortical
    epithelial cells. Biochem. Pharmacol. [40]{.underline}:1523-1526
    (1990).

76\. Davila, J.C., Hsieh, G.C., Acosta, D. and Davis, P.J. Cytotoxicity
induced by papaverine hydrochloride in fungal cell systems. Toxicol.
Lett. [54]{.underline}:23-31 (1990).

77\. Swann, J.D., Ulrich, R. and Acosta, D. Lack of changes in cytosolic
calcium in primary cultures of rat kidney cortical cells exposed to
cytotoxic concentrations of gentamicin. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
[106]{.underline}:38-47 (1990).

78\. Hsieh, G.C. and Acosta, D. Dithranol-induced cytotoxicity in
primary cultures of rat epidermal keratinocytes. Toxicol. Appl.
Pharmacol. [107]{.underline}:16-26 (1991).

79\. Chacon, E. and Acosta, D. Mitochondrial regulation of superoxide by
Ca2+: An alternate mechanism for the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin.
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. [107]{.underline}:117-128 (1991).

80\. Davila, J.C., Davis, P.J. and Acosta, D. Changes in glutathione and
cellular energy as potential mechanisms of papaverine-induced
hepatotoxicity *in vitro*. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
[108]{.underline}:28-36 (1991).

81\. Davila, J.C., Dorantes, A., Stavchansky, S.A. and Acosta, D. The
cytotoxicity of p-chloro-m-xylenol in primary culture of rat
hepatocytes. Pharmaceut. Res. [8]{.underline}:656-657 (1991).

82\. Yang, W., Jiang, T., Davis, P.J., and Acosta, D. In vitro
metabolism and toxicity assessment of N-methylcarbazole in primary
cultured rat hepatocytes. Toxicology [68]{.underline}:217-226 (1991).

83\. Swann, J.D., Ulrich, R. and Acosta, D. Lack of changes in cytosolic
ionized calcium in primary cultures of rat kidney cortical cells exposed
to cytotoxic concentrations of gentamicin: a fluorescent digital imaging
method for assessing changes in cytosolic ionized calcium. Toxicol.
Meth. [1]{.underline}:161-171 (1991).

84\. Welder, A.A., Grant, R., Kutschke, R.L., Anthony, M., Bradlaw, J.
and Acosta,D. Effects of maternal calorie-restricted diet on development
of the fetal heart, as evaluated in primary cultures of rat myocardial
cells. Food Chem. Toxicol. [29]{.underline}:445-452 (1991).

85\. Davila, J.C., Rodriguez, M. and Acosta, D. Toxicological studies of
gossypol in primary culture of postnatal rat hepatocytes. In Vitro
Toxicol. [4]{.underline}:161-170 (1991).

86\. Chacon, E., Ulrich, R. and Acosta, D. A digitized fluorescence
imaging study of mitochondrial Ca2+ increase by doxorubicin in cardiac
myocytes. Biochem. J. [281]{.underline}:871-878 (1992).

87\. Garza-Ocanas, L., Hsieh, G.C., Acosta, D., Torres-Alanis, O. and
Piñeyro, A. Toxicity assessment of toxins T-514 and T-544 of buckthorn
in primary skin and liver cell cultures. Toxicology
[73]{.underline}:191-201 (1992).

88\. Yang, W., Jiang, T., Acosta, D. and Davis, P.J. Production of a
toxic novel mammalian metabolite of N-methyl-carbazole predicted by a
fungal cell model of mammalian metabolism. Toxicol. Letters
[60]{.underline}:307-314 (1992).

89\. Yao, C. and Acosta, D. Surfactant cytotoxicity potential evaluated
with primary cultures of ocular tissues: A method for the culture of
rabbit conjunctival epithelial cells and initial cytotoxicity studies.
Toxicol. Methods [2]{.underline}:199-218 (1992).

90\. Welder, A.A., Grant, R., Bradlaw, J. and Acosta, D. A primary
culture system of adult rat heart cells for the study of toxicologic
agents. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. [27A]{.underline}:921-926 (1991).

91\. Grant, R.L., Yao, C., Gabaldon, D., and Acosta, D. Evaluation of
surfactant cytotoxicity potential by primary cultures of ocular tissues.
I. Characterization of rabbit corneal epithelial cells and initial
injury and delayed toxicity studies. Toxicology [76]{.underline}:153-176
(1992).

92\. Yang, W., Jiang, T., Acosta, D. and Davis, P.J. Microbial models of
mammalian metabolism: involvement of cytochrome P450 in the
N-demethylation of N-methylcarbazole by Cunninghamella echinulata.
Xenobiotica [23]{.underline}:973-982 (1993).

93\. Jiang, T. and Acosta, D. An in vitro model of cyclosporine-induced
nephrotoxicity. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. [20]{.underline}:486-495 (1993).

94\. Giridhar, J. and Acosta, D. Evaluation of cytotoxicity potential of
surfactants using primary rat keratinocyte culture as an in vitro
cutaneous model. In Vitro Toxicol. [6]{.underline}:33-46 (1993).

95\. Jiang, T., Grant, R.L. and Acosta, D. A digitized fluorescence
imaging study of intracellular free calcium, mitochondrial integrity and
cytotoxicity in rat renal cells exposed to ionomycin, a calcium
ionophore. Toxicology [23]{.underline}:41-65 (1993).

96\. Yang, W. and Acosta, D. Cytotoxicity potential of surfactant
mixtures evaluated by primary cultures of rabbit corneal epithelial
cells. Toxicol. Letters [70]{.underline}:309-318 (1994).

97\. Grant, R.L. and Acosta, D. Comparative toxicity of tetracaine,
proparacaine and cocaine evaluated with primary cultures of rabbit
corneal epithelial cells. Exp. Eye Res. [58]{.underline}:469-478 (1994).

98\. Abdul-Hussain, S. and Acosta, D. In vitro model to evaluate the
cytotoxicity of two groups of surfactant mixtures with rat keratinocyte
cultures. Toxic Subst. J. [13]{.underline}:1-14 (1994).

99\. Garza-Ocanas, L., Jiang, T., Acosta, D., Torres-Alanis, O., Waksman
de Torres, N. and Pineyro-Lopez, A. Comparison of the hepatotoxicity of
toxin T-514 of Karwinia Humboldtiana and its diastereoisomer in primary
liver cell cultures. Toxicon [32]{.underline}:1287-1291 (1994).

100\. Yuan, C. and Acosta, D. Inhibitory effect of cocaine on calcium
mobilization in cultured rat myocardial cells. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol.
[26]{.underline}:1415-1419 (1994).

101\. Grant, R.L. and Acosta, D. A digitized fluorescence imaging study
on the effects of local anesthetics on cytosolic calcium and
mitochondrial membrane potential in cultured rabbit corneal epithelial
cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. [129]{.underline}:23-35 (1994).

102\. Grant, R.L.and Acosta, D. Delayed toxicity of benzalkonium
chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate evaluated in primary cultures of
rabbit corneal epithelial cells. Toxicol. Meth. [4]{.underline}:259-273
(1994).

103\. Jiang, T. and Acosta, D. Mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in primary
cultures of rat renal cortical epithelial cells by cytotoxic
concentrations of cyclosporine: a digitized fluorescence imaging study.
Toxicology [95]{.underline}:155-166 (1995).

104\. Rodriguez, R.J. and Acosta, D. Comparison of ketoconazole- and
fluconazole-induced hepatotoxicity in a primary culture system of rat
keratinocytes. Toxicology [96]{.underline}:83-92 (1995).

105. Al Casey, S., Brewster, D., Viau, C. and Acosta, D. Effect of
     glutathione depletion and oxidative stress on the in vitro
     cytotoxicity of velnacrine maleate. Toxicol. Lett.
     [76]{.underline}:257-265 (1995).

106. Yang, W. and Acosta, D. A digitized fluorescence imaging study of
     intracellular calcium, pH, and mitochondrial function in primary
     cultures of rabbit corneal epithelial cells exposed to sodium
     dodecyl sulfate. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. [31]{.underline}:499-507
     (1995).

107. Grant, R.L. and Acosta, D. Interactions of intracellular pH and
     intracellular calcium in primary cultures of rabbit corneal
     epithelial cells. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. [32]{.underline}:38-45
     (1996).

108. Melchert, R.B., Levin, P.S. and Acosta, D. Cardiotoxicity of
     nonsedating antihistamines in vitro. In Vitro. Toxicol.
     [9]{.underline}:431-440 (1996).

109. Rodriguez, R. J. and Acosta, D. Inhibition of mitochondrial
     function in isolated rat liver mitochondria by azole
     antifungals. J. Biochem. Toxicol. [11]{.underline}:127-131 (1996).

110. Grant, R. L. and Acosta, D. Prolonged adverse effects of
     benzalkonium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate in a primary
     culture system of rabbit corneal epithelial cells. Fund. Appl.
     Toxicol. [33]{.underline}:71-82 (1996).

111. Yuan, C. and Acosta, D. Cocaine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction
     in primary cultures of rat cardiomyocytes. Toxicology
     [112]{.underline}:1-10 (1996).

112. Yuan, C. and Acosta, D. Dissociation of the cytotoxicity of cocaine
     from its local anesthetic effect: A comparison with lidocaine.
     Toxicol. In Vitro [10]{.underline}:195-204 (1996).

113. Yuan, C. and Acosta, D. Effect of acute cocaine exposure on cell
     viability evaluated in a hypoxia/reoxygenation model of primary
     cultures of rat myocardial cells. In Vitro Toxicol.
     [9]{.underline}:67-72 (1996).

114. Rodriguez, R. J. and Acosta, D. N-deacetyl ketoconazole-induced
     hepatotoxicity in a primary culture system of rat hepatocytes.
     Toxicology [117]{.underline}:123-131 (1997).

115. Grant, R. L. and Acosta, D. Ratiometric measurement of
     intracellular pH of cultured cells with BCECF in a fluorescence
     multi-well plate reader. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.
     [33]{.underline}:256-260 (1997).

116. Rodriguez, R. J. and Acosta, D. Metabolism of ketoconazole and
     deacetylated ketoconazole by rat hepatic microsomes and
     flavin-containing monooxygenases. Drug Metab. Disp.
     [25]{.underline}:772-777 (1997).

117. Harbell, J. W. [et]{.underline} [al]{.underline}. Cell cytotoxicity
     assays. Food Chem. Toxicol. [35]{.underline}:79-126 (1997).

118. Davila, J.C., Rodriguez, R. J., Melchert, R.B., and Acosta, D.
     Predictive value of in vitro model systems in toxicology. Annu.
     Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. [38]{.underline}:63-96 (1998).

119. Yuan, Cai and Acosta, D. Effect of cocaine on mitochondrial
     electron transport chain evaluated in primary cultures of neonatal
     rat myocardial cells and in isolated mitochondrial preparations.
     Drug Chem. Toxicol. 23: 339-348 (2000).

120. Bruckner, J.V., Kyle, G.M., Luthra, R., Acosta, D., et al. Acute,
     short-term, and sub-chronic oral toxicity of 1,1,1-trichloroethane
     in rats. Toxicol. Sci. 60: 363-372 (2001).

121. Muralidhara, S., Ramanathan, R., Mehta, S.M., Lash, L.H., Acosta,
     D., and Bruckner, J.V. Acute, subacute, and subchronic oral
     toxicity studies of 1,1-dichloroethane in rats: Application to risk
     assessment. Toxicol. Sci. 64: 135-145 (2001).

**VII. [Books and Chapters or Reviews in Monographs, Proceedings, or
Symposia]{.underline}**

> Smith, R.V., Acosta, D. and Rosazza, J.P. Cellular and microbial
> models in the investigation of mammalian metabolism of xenobiotics.
> Adv. Biochem. Eng. 5:69-100 (1977).
>
> Acosta, D. and Sorensen, E.M.B. Role of calcium in cytotoxic injury of
> cultured hepatocytes. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 407:78-92 (1983).
>
> Bruckner, J.V., Luthra, R., Kyle, G.M., Muralkidhara, S., Ramanathan,
> R. and Acosta, D. Influence of time of exposure to CCl4 on toxic liver
> injury. Ann. Rev. Chronopharmacol. 1:373-376 (1984).
>
> Acosta, D., Mitchell, D.B. and Bruckner, J.V. Hepatotoxicity: An in
> vitro approach to the study of metabolism and toxicity of chemicals
> and drugs using cultured rat hepatocytes. Safety Evaluation and
> Regulation of Chemicals 2. Homburger, F. (ed.) Karger, Basel.
> pp.305-317 (1985).
>
> Acosta, D., Sorensen, E.M.B., Anuforo, D.C., Mitchell, D.B., Ramos,
> K., Santone, K.S. and Smith, M.A. An in vitro approach to the study of
> target organ toxicity of drugs and chemicals. In Vitro Cell. Dev.
> Biol. 9:495-504 (1985).
>
> Sorensen, E.M.B. and Acosta, D. Protective effects of calcium in the
> amelioration of cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in cultured murine
> parenchymal hepatocytes. In Vitro Toxicology Alternative Methods in
> Toxicology, Vol. 3, pp.101-139, Mary Ann Liebert Publishers, New York
> (1985).
>
> Acosta, D., Mitchell, D., Sorensen, E.M., and Bruckner, J.V. The
> metabolism and toxicity of xenobiotics in a primary culture system of
> postnatal rat hepatocytes. In: The Isolated Hepatocyte, E.J. Rauckman
> and G.M. Padilla (Eds.), Academic Press, New York, pp. 189-214 (1987).
>
> Santone, K.S., Acosta, D., Stavchansky, S.A. and Bruckner, J.V. The
> use of primary cultures of postnatal rat hepatocytes to investigate
> carbon tetrachloride-induced cytotoxicity. In: Liver Cells and Drugs,
> A. Guillouzo, Ed., John Libbey Eurotext Limited. Vol. 164, pp. 31-233
> (1988).
>
> Ramos, K. and Acosta, D. Cytotoxic actions of isoproterenol in cardiac
> cells: protective effects of antioxidants. In: CRC Handbook of Free
> Radicals and Antioxidants in Biomedicine, J. Miguel, A. Quintanilha,
> and H. Weber, Eds., CRC Press, Vol. II, pp. 177-185 (1989).
>
> Ramos, K. and Acosta, D. Primary cultures of newborn rat myocardial
> cells as a model system to evaluate the cardiotoxicity of drugs and
> chemicals. In: In Vitro Models in Toxicology, C.A. McQueen, Ed., The
> Telford Press, Caldwell, N.J., pp. 163-193 (1989).
>
> Acosta, D., Combs, A.B. and Ramos, K. Cardiovascular Toxicity. In:
> Introduction to Biochemical Toxicology, 2nd Edition, E. Hodgson and
> P.E. Levi, Eds., pp. 547-567 (1994).
>
> Acosta, D. (Editor). Cellular and Molecular Toxicology and In Vitro
> Toxicology, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL (1990).
>
> Ramos, K. and Acosta, D. Cardiovascular toxicity. In: In Vitro
> Toxicity Testing, J.M. Frazier, Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, pp.
> 131-148 (1992).
>
> Acosta, D. (Editor). Cardiovascular Toxicology, 2nd Edition, Raven
> Press, Ltd., New York (1992).
>
> Acosta, D., Chacon, E. and Ramos, K.S. Cardiovascular toxicology:
> introductory notes. In: Cardiovascular Toxicology, 2nd Edition, D.
> Acosta, Ed., Raven Press, New York, pp. 3-17 (1992).
>
> Acosta, D., Ramos, K., Smith, M.A., Swann, J. and Davila, J. An in
> vitro approach to the study of target organ toxicity. In: In Vitro
> Methods in Toxicology, G. Jolles and A. Cordier, Eds., Academic Press,
> New York, pp. 43-56 (1992).
>
> Welder, A.A. and Acosta, D. Preparation of primary cultures of
> postnatal rat myocardial cells for toxicological studies.
> [In]{.underline}: In Vitro Biological Systems, Part A - Methods in
> Toxicology, C.A. Tyson and J.M. Frazier, Eds. Academic Press, New
> York, pp. 147-158 (1993).
>
> Davila, J.C. and Acosta, D. Preparation of primary monolayer cultures
> of postnatal rat liver cells for hepatotoxic assessment of
> xenobiotics. [In]{.underline}: Methods in Toxicology - In Vitro
> Biological Systems, Part A, C.A. Tyson and J.M. Frazier, Eds.,
> Academic Press, New York, pp. 244-254 (1993).
>
> Ramos, K. and Acosta, D. Application of in vitro model systems to the
> study of cardiovascular toxicity. In: In Vitro Toxicology, S. Gad,
> Ed., Raven Press, New York, pp. 221-230 (1994).
>
> Welder, A.A. and Acosta, D. Enzyme leakage as an indicator of
> cytotoxicity in cultured cells. [In]{.underline}: In Vitro Toxicity
> Indicators - Methods in Toxicology, Vol. 1B, C.A. Tyson and J.M.
> Frazier, Eds., Academic Press, New York, pp. 46-49 (1994).
>
> Grant, R.L. and Acosta, D. Models of toxicity screening using cultured
> cells. In: Cell Biology of Trauma, J.J. Lemasters and C., Oliver,
> Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 3-23 (1995).
>
> Ramos, K., Chacon, E. and Acosta, D. Toxic responses of the heart and
> vascular systems. [In]{.underline}: Casarett and Doull's Toxicology,
> 5^th^ Edition, C.D. Klaassen, Editor, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp.
> 487-527 (1996).
>
> Grant, R. L., Acosta, D. and Smith, M. A. Experimental models for
> investigation of toxicological mechanisms. [In]{.underline}:
> Comprehensive Toxicology, Vol. 1 -- General Principles, J. Bonds,
> Editor, Pergamon, New York, pp. 205-218 (1997).
>
> Acosta, D. [et]{.underline} [al]{.underline}. In vitro evaluation of
> cardiac and myocyte function. [In]{.underline}: Comprehensive
> Toxicology, Vol. 6 -- Cardiovascular Toxicology, S. P. Bishop and W.
> D. Kerns, Editors, Pergamon, New York, pp. 167-188 (1997).
>
> Rodriguez, R.J. and Acosta, D. Cardiac toxicology. In: Heart
> Physiology and Pathophysiology, 4^th^ Edition, N. Sperelakis et al.,
> Editors, Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 1211-1224 (2000).
>
> Ramos, K.S. and Acosta, D. Application of in vitro model systems to
> study cardiovascular toxicity. In: In Vitro Toxicology, 2^nd^ Edition,
> Shayne C. Gad, Editor, Taylor & Francis, New York, pp. 305-325 (2000).
>
> Combs, A.B., Ramos, K., and Acosta, D. Cardiovascular toxicity. In:
> Introduction to Biochemical Toxicology, Third Edition, E. Hodgson and
> R. C. Smart, Editors, Wiley InterScience, New York, pp. 673-696
> (2001).
>
> Acosta, D. (Editor). Cardiovascular Toxicology, 3^rd^ Edition, Taylor
> & Francis, London & New York, 2001.
>
> Ramos, K.S., Melchert, R.B., Chacon, E., and Acosta, D. Toxic
> Responses of the Heart and Vascular Systems. In: Casrett & Doull's
> Toxicology, 6^th^ Edition, Curtis D. Klaassen, Editor, McGraw Hill,
> New York, pp.597-651 (2001).
>
> Melchert, R.B., Yuan, C., and Acosta, D. Cardiovascular
> Toxicology-Introductory Notes. In: Cardiovascular Toxicology, 3^rd^
> Edition, Daniel Acosta, Jr., Editor, Taylor & Francis, London & New
> York, pp. 3-30 (2001).
>
> Melchert, R.B., Kennedy, R.H., and Acosta, D. Cardiovascular Effects
> of Steroidal Agents, In: Cardiovascular Toxicology, 3^rd^ Edition,
> Daniel Acosta, Jr., Editor, Taylor & Francis, London & New York, pp.
> 425-475 (2001).

**VIII. [Invited papers and lectures]{.underline}**

American College of Sports Medicine, 24th Annual Meeting, 1977, "Rat
Neonatal Heart Cell Response to Exercise During Pregnancy," (with C.
Buffington, J. Newman, and H. Bonner).

Tissue Culture Association, 28th Annual Meeting, 1977, "Ischemic
Myocardial Injury in Cultured Heart Cells," (with M. Puckett). In Vitro
13:168-169 (1977).

Texas Medical Association, Forum of original Research, 1977 Annual
Session, "Primary Liver Cell Culture as a New Tool for Drug Metabolism
and Toxicity Studies," (with D. Anuforo).

Tissue Culture Association, Texas Branch, Spring Meeting, 1977 Annual
Session, "An In Vitro Model of Myocardial Ischemia with Cultured Heart
Cells," (with R. McMillin).

A.Ph.A. Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 23rd National Meeting,
November 1977 "Development of a Primary Culture System of Neonatal Liver
Cells as an Experimental Tool for Pharmacologic/Toxicology Studies,"
(with D, Anuforo, D.M. Baaske, and R.V. Smith).

University of Southern California, School of Phamacy, Invited lecture on
"Myocardial Injury in Cultured Heart Cells," June, 1977.

Society of Toxicology, 17th Annual Meeting, March, 1978, "The Use of
Primary Liver cell cultures to Study Hepatotoxic Agents," (with D.C.
Anuforo and R.V. Smith).

University of Kentucky, School of Pharmacy, Invited Lecture on
"Hepatotoxicity Studies in Cultured Liver Cells," October 1, 1978.

Tissue Culture Association, 29th Annual Meeting, June, 1978, "The Use of
Cytoplasmic Enzyme Leakage by Primary Liver Cell Cultures to Study
Hepatotoxic Agents," (with D.C. Anuforo and R. V. Smith). In Vitro
14:346 (1978).

Tissue Culture Association, Texas Branch Fall Meeting, 1978,
"Hepatotoxicity Studies in Cultured Liver Cells."

Tissue Culture Association, 29th Annual Meeting, June 1978, "Ischemic
Myocardial Injury in Cultured Heart Cells: Leakage of Cytoplasmic
Enzymes." In Vitro 14:364 (1978).

Joint Meeting of the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics and Society of Toxicology, August 13-17, 1978. "Inhibition
of Ileum and Atrium by BHT and BHA," (with S.C.Gad and S.W. Leslie).
Pharmacologist 20:249 (1978).

University of California at San Francisco, Invited Lecture on "Effect of
Hepatotoxic Agents in Primary Liver Cell Cultures," February, 1979.

Society of Toxicology, 18th Annual Meeting, March, 1979, "Cardiovascular
Toxicity of BHT and BHA," (with S.C. Gad and S.W. Leslie).

FASEB Spring Meeting, April, 1979 American Society for Pharmacology and
Experimental Therapeutics, "Cytochrome P-450 Levels and O-Demethylation
Activity in Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes," (with D. Anuforo, R. Smith, R.
McMillin and W. Soine). Fed. Proc. 38:366 (1979).

Tissue Culture Association, 30th Annual Meeting, June, 1979, "Effects of
Some Agents on Cytochrome P-450 Content of Primary Liver Cell Cultures,"
(with D.C. Anuforo and R.V. Smith). In Vitro 15:189 (1979).

NATO International Congress on In Vitro Toxicity Testing of
Environmental Agents, September 22-28, 1978, Monte Carlo. "Cellular
Model of Hepatotoxicity Evaluation of Xenobiotics."

Tissue Culture Association, 31st Annual Meeting, June, 1980, "Reduction
of Myocardial Injury by Methylprednisolone in Primary Cultures of Rat
Heart Cells Exposed to Hypoxia and Glucose Deprivation," (with C.P. Li).
In Vitro 16:260 (1980).

Tissue Culture Association, 31st Annual Meeting, June 1980,
"Cytotoxicity of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes,"
(with D.B. Mitchell). In Vitro 16:225 (1980).

Gordon Research Conferences, July 28-August 1, 1980. Invited lecture on
"Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes as Experimental Models to Study
Chemical and Metabolism-mediated Cytotoxicity."

International Workshop on the Application of Tissue Culture in
Toxicology, July 4-5, 1980, Soesterbrgs, The Netherlands, "Use of
Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes as a Testing System for Hepatotoxic
Chemicals," (with J.V. Bruckner).

Upjohn Company, Invited Lecture on "Evaluation of Hepatotoxic Agents
with Cultured Liver Cells," September, 16, 1980.

Texas Tech University, Invited Lecture on "The Use of Primary Cultures
of Liver Cells in Drug Metabolism and Toxicity Studies," December 2,
1980.

University of Alabama, Invited Lecture on "The Development of Cultured
Liver Cells for Use in Drug Metabolism and Toxicologic Studies,"
February 9, 1981.

Society of Toxicology, 20th Annual Meeting, March, 1981, "The
Metabolism-Mediated Activation of Cyclophosphamide to Cytotoxic
Intermediates in Primary Cultures of Rat Hepatocytes," (with D.B.
Mitchell). Toxicologist 1:126 (1981).

Tissue Culture Association, 32nd Annual Meeting, June, 1981, "The Effect
of Culture Medium Supplements on Glutathione Levels in Primary Cultures
of Postnatal Rat Hepatocytes," (with D.B. Mitchell). In Vitro 17:243
(1981).

Tissue Culture Association, 32nd Annual Meeting June, 1981, "Measurement
of Functional Metabolic Activity as a Useful Parameter of Cytotoxicity
in Cultured Postnatal Rat Hepatocytes," (with K.S. Santone). In Vitro
17:243 (1981).

American Association for Clinical Chemistry\--Texas Section, April 10,
1981, Arlington, Texas, "Metabolic Activity as a Functional Parameter in
Evaluating Toxicants in Cultured Hepatocytes," (with K.S. Santone).

FASEB Spring Meeting, April, 1981, "Effect of Isoproterenol on Beating
Rates of Cultured Heart Cells," (with H.W. Bonner, A.W. Butler, and J.H.
Merz). Fed. Proc. 40:241 (1981).

Society of Toxicology, 21st Annual Meeting, February, 1982, "In Vitro
Hepatotoxicity of the Gluthathione Depletors Diethylmaleate,
Iodoacetamide, and Acetaminophen," (with D.B. Mitchell). Toxicologist
2:67 (1982).

Society of Toxicology, 21st Annual Meeting, February, 1982,
"D-Galactosamine Cytotoxicity in Primary Cultures of Postnatal Rat
Hepatocytes," (with K.S. Santone). Toxicologist 2:68 (1982).

Tissue Culture Association, 33rd Annual Meeting, June, 1982 "Protective
Effect of Calcium on Cadmium-induced Cytotoxicity in Cultured Rat
Hepatocytes," In Vitro 18:288 (1982).

Tissue Culture Association, 33rd Annual Meeting, June, 1982 "Development
of a Primary Culture System of Postnatal Rat Hepatocytes which Retains
High Levels of Cytochrome P-450 Activity," In Vitro 18:303 (1982).

Second International Workshop on the Application of Tissue Culture in
Toxicology, June, 1982, Stockholm. "The Problems of Obtaining Cells In
Vitro with Structure, Functions, and Activities Closer to That In Vivo."
Plenary speaker for the session.

Society of Toxicology-ASPET Joint Meeting, August, 1982. "Effects of
HgCl2 on Alkaline Phosphatase Activity, Lactate Dehydrogenase, and Cell
Morphology in Primary Renal Epithelial Cell Cultures," (with M.A.
Smith). Toxicologist 2:146 (1982).

Society of Toxicology-ASPET Joint Meeting, August, 1982, "Prevention by
l-ascorbic acid of isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in primary
cultures of rat myocytes," (with K. Ramos). Toxicologist 2:147 (1982).

New York Academy of Sciences, October, 1982, "Cytotoxicity in Cultured
Hepatocytes." Main speaker for the Conference on "Cellular Systems for
Toxicological Testing."

Society of Toxicology, 22nd Annual Meeting, March, 1983, "Cardiotoxicity
of l-isoproterneol in cultured myocytes: prevention by l-ascorbic acid
and sodium bisulfite." Toxicologist 3:84 (1983).

Society of Toxicology, March, 1983, "Effects of acetaminophen on primary
cultures of rat kidney epithelial cells." Toxicologist 3:112 (1983).

Society of Toxicology, March, 1983, "Subcellular localization of
hepatocyte injury due to metabolic activation of acetaminophen."
Toxicologist 3:113 (1983).

Tissue Culture Association, 34th Annual Meeting, June, 1983,
"Semiquantitative Morphologic Analysis to Quantify the Cyto-toxicity of
Cadmium to Cultured Hepatocytes," (with E.M. Sorensen). In Vitro 19:287
(1983).

Tissue Culture Association, June, 1983, "Cardiotoxicity of Tricyclic
Antidepressants in Cultured Rat Myocytes," (with K. Ramos). In Vitro
19:287 (1983).

Rockefeller University, June, 1983, Progress in Alternatives to Animal
Testing-Seminar for Science Writers, I presented a lecture on
"Alternatives in the Field of Systemic and Target Organ Toxicology."

Federation Proceedings, 67th Annual Meeting, April, 1983, "Carbon
tetrachloride cytotoxicity in primary cultures of postnatal rat
hepatocytes," (with K. Santone and S. Stavchansky). Fed. Proc. 42:355
(1983).

Texas A & M University, September, 1982, Environmental Toxicology and
Pharmacology Seminar, "The use of liver cell cultures in toxicology."

The University of Texas at Austin, April, 1983, Graduate Chemical
Engineering Seminar Series, "Development of Cell Culture Systems to
Evaluate Environmental Chemicals for Potential Toxicity."

Texas Society of Electron Microscopy, Annual Fall Meeting, October,
1982, "Morphological changes in cadmium-exposed cultured hepatocytes,"
(with E. Sorensen).

Allied Chemical Company, October, 1982, "Development of liver cell
cultures as toxicology models."

Ortho Pharmaceutical Company and McNeil Pharmaceutical Company,
December, 1982, "In Vitro Toxicity Testing: Target Organ Studies."

Norwich Pharmaceutical Company, January, 1983, "Use of liver cells
cultures to study hepatoxic compounds."

American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET),
Fall Meeting, August, 1983, "Actions of isoproterenol and other agents
on calcium uptake in cultured rat myocardial cells," (with K. Ramos).
Pharmacologist 25:263 (1983).

Second International Conference on Safety Evaluation and Regulation of
Chemicals, Cambridge, October 28, 1983, "An In Vitro Approach to the
Study of Metabolism and Toxicity of Chemicals and Drugs Using Cultured
Rat Hepatocytes."

Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association 1983 Program on Drug Safety,
October 24, 1983, Tarpon Springs, Florida, "In Vitro Models to Explore
Drug and Chemical Toxicity."

American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, 34th Annual Meeting,
San Antonio, November 7, 1983, "In Vitro Methods in Assessing
Cytotoxicity."

First International Montreaux Conference of Chronopharmacology, March
28, 1984, "Influence of time of exposure to CCl4 on the toxic injury,"
(with J.V. Bruckner).

Stuart Pharmaceutical Corp., January 9, 1984, "Use of cell culture
models to evaluate drug and chemical toxicity."

Norwich Eaton Pharmaceutical Corp., January 19, 1984, "Development of
kidney cell cultures to evaluate nephrotoxic agents."

Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, January 10, 1984, "In vitro models to
evaluate toxicity of chemicals and drugs."

Society of Toxicology, March, 1984, "Cytotoxicity of nonsteroidal
antinflammatory agents in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes," (with
E.M.B. Sorensen). Toxicologist 4:4 (1984).

Society of Toxicology, March, 1984, "Effect of cephaloridine on cellular
ATP content and mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity in
primary cultures of rat kidney cortical epithelial cells," (with M.A.
Smith). Toxicologist 4:31 (1984).

Society of Toxicology, March, 1984, "The role of extracellular calcium
in CCl 4 injury of cultured rat hepatocytes," (with K.S. Santone).
Toxicologist 4:133 (1984).

Society of Toxicology, March, 1984, "Morphometric analysis of
calcium-induced cytotoxicity in cultured hepatocytes," (with E.M.B.
Sorensen). Toxicologist 4:163 (1984).

Society of Cosmetics Chemists, March, 1984, "In vitro developments in
toxicology."

University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, March 16, 1984, "Development
of in vitro models to explore cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity of drugs
and chemicals."

Shell Development Company, May 11, 1984, "Metabolism and toxicity
studies in primary cultured hepatocytes and kidney cells."

Tissue Culture Association, June 4, 1984, "Morphometric analysis of the
protective effect of calcium to cadmium-challenged cultured rat
hepatocytes," (with E.M.B. Sorensen). In Vitro 20: 248 (1984).

Tissue Culture Association, June 4, 1984, "Effects of cardiac drugs on
beating of heart cells cultures from pups of trained and untrained
rats," (with A. Butler). In Vitro 20: 265-266 (1984).

Texas A & M University, Symposium on Applications of Mammalian Cell
Culture Systems in Toxicologyy, June 18, 1984, "An in vitro model of
cardiotoxicity with primary cultures of rat myocardial cells."

American Association for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,
August, 1984, "Ethanol toxicity in neonatal rat heart cell cultures,"
(with A.W. Butler). Pharmacologist 26:182 (1984).

Bristol Laboratories, October 4, 1984, "Use of liver and kidney cell
cultures in toxicology."

Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Symposium on In
Vitro Toxicology, October 23, 1984, "Toxicity Evaluation of
Cadmium-Calcium Interactions in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes," (with Elsie
Sorensen).

Mid-Atlantic Chapter, Society of Toxicology Fall Symposium, Alternative
Methods in Toxicology, November 9, 1984, "Use of Isolated Liver and
Kidney for the Prediction of Toxicity."

Stuart Pharmaceutical Corporation, January 29, 1985, "An In Vitro
Approach to the Study of Drug and Chemical Toxicity."

Society of Toxicology, March, 1985, "Morphometric analysis of
erythromycin estolate-induced changes in cultured hepatocytes," (with
E.M. Sorensen).

Society of Toxicology, March, 1985, "Interference of intracellular
calcium dynamics by CCl4 in cultured rat hepatocytes," (with K.S.
Santone).

Mary Kay Cosmetics, April 25, 1985, "An in vitro approach to the study
of target organ toxicology."

FASEB Scientific Meeting, April 22, 1985, "Comparison of primary renal
cortical cell cultures derived from neonatal and adult rats," (with M.A.
Smith).

Annual Meeting of American College of Sports Medicine, May 27, 1985,
"The interaction of maternal exercise and ethanol on calcium uptake in
neonatal myocardial cells," (with A.W. Butler).

Tissue Culture Association, June 2, 1985, "Ethanol toxicity in primary
cultures of rat myocardial cells from offspring of swim trained
mothers," (with A.W. Butler).

Tissue Culture Association, June 2, 1985, "Toxic effects of aluminum
chloride on primary rat hippocampal cultures," (with G.E. Kisby).

Tissue Culture Association, June 2, 1985, "Effects of cadmium and
calcium challenge on the fluidity of plasma membranes," (with E.M.
Sorensen).

Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation, June 24, 1985, "In vitro approaches to
target organ toxicology."

American Association for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,
August, 1985, "The effect of aluminum chloride on CNS neuronal and
non-neuronal cell cultures," (with G.E. Kisby).

British Industrial Biological Research Association, September 17, 1985,
"Development of a Primary Culture System of Rat Heart Cells to Study
Cardiotoxic Agents," Carshalton, England.

International Conference on Practical In Vitro Toxicology, September 18,
1985, "An In Vitro Approach to the Study of Target Organ Toxicity of
Hepatotoxic and Nephrotoxic Agents," Reading, England.

Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, DuPont
Company, February 12, 1986, "An In Vitro Model for Myocardial Cell
Injury and Cardiotoxicity with a Primary Culture System of Rat Heart
Cells," Wilmington, Delaware.

Society of Toxicology, March, 1986, "Aluminum distribution and GLDH
activity in primary hippocampal, astrocyte and cerebellar cultures
treated with aluminum chloride." Toxicologist 6: 21 (1986). (with G.
Kisby)

Society of Toxicology, March, 1986, "In vitro hepatotoxicity study of
chlorpromazine and erythromycin analogs." Toxicologist 6: 115 (1986).
(with K. Norbury and E.M.B. Sorensen).

Lilly Research Laboratories, April 3, 1986, "In vitro models to explore
target organ toxicity of xenobiotics."

Searle Research and Development, May 8, 1986, "The usefulness of
cultured cells for toxicologic and pharmaceutical investigations."

Upjohn Company, May 22, 1986, "Use of cultured heart cells to study cell
injury and toxicity to the myocardium."

Michigan Regional Chapter of SOT, Symposium on In Vitro Approaches for
Studying Toxic Cell Injury, main speaker: "Development of in vitro
systems for evaluating hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic agents."

Tissue Culture Association, June 1986, "Mechanistic aspects of
cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in cultured hepatocytes (with E.M.
Sorensen). In Vitro 22: 49A (1986).

Third Congress of the International Society for Biomedical Research on
Alcoholism, Helsinki, June 1986, "Toxicity in primary culture of
myocardial cells."

Third Congress, June 1986, "Cytotoxicity of ethanol in primary cultures
of rat midbrain neurons" (with C.K. Erickson).

The University of Mississippi School of Medicine, November 3, 1986, "An
in vitro model of cardiotoxicity and cell Injury."

Pfizer Pharmaceutical Corp., Groton, Connecticut, December 11, 1986,
"Use of in vitro systems to evaluate drug and chemical toxicity."

Society of Toxicology, February, 1987, "Protection of rat liver cell
cultures from drug-induced injury by flavonoids" (with J.C. Davila and
A. Lenherr).

Society of Toxicology, February, 1987, "The toxic effects of mamba snake
venoms in primary myocardial cell cultures" (with P.M. Mbugua and A.A.
Welder).

Society of Toxicology, February, 1987, "The toxic effects of mamba snake
venoms in primary endothelial cell cultures" (with P.M. Mbugua and A.A.
Welder).

The University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium, May 20, 1987, "An in vitro
model of myocardial cell injury and cardiotoxicity."

First International Scientific Congress on Alternative Methods to the
Use of Animals Experiments, Versailles, France, May 25, 1987,
"Application of cell culture techniques for the toxicity assessment of
drugs and chemicals."

Tissue Culture Association, May, 1987, "Dendroaspis (Mamba)
venom-induced hepatotoxicity in primary cultures of rat liver cells"
(with J.C. Davila and P.M. Mbugua).

Tissue Culture Association, May, 1987, "Cytotoxicity of mamba venoms in
primary cultures of rat kidney cortical epithelium" (with J.D. Swann and
P.M. Mbugua).

Tissue Culture Association, May, 1987, "Comparison of KCl-stimulated and
receptor-mediated calcium entry into primary myocardial cell cultures
and suspensions" (with A. Welder, T. Machu, S. Leslie, R. Wilcox, and J.
Bradlaw).

International Symposium on Liver Cells and Drugs, Rennes, France, July
10, 1987, "Toxicity of drugs and chemicals on cultured rat hepatocytes."

Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation, Raritan, New Jersey, July 23, 1987,
"An in vitro model of myocardial toxicity."

Northrop Services and EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, July
28, 1987, "An in vitro approach to the study of target organ
toxicology."

International Society for Heart Research, Molecular Biology of the
Cardiovascular System, Boston, September 10, 1987, "125Iodopindolol
binding in postnatal primary myocardial cell cultures, myocyte
suspensions, and whole heart membrane preparations" (with A.A. Welder,
T. Machu, R.E. Wilcox, and J. Bradlaw).

The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michgan, October 30, 1987, "In vitro
systems to study the toxicity of drugs and chemicals."

American Cyanamid Company, Princeton, New Jersey, November 20, 1987, "An
in vitro model to study cardiotoxicity of drugs and chemicals."

The University of Texas at El Paso, February 4, 1988, "Study of drug and
chemical toxicity with in vitro cellular systems."

Society of Toxicology, Dallas, February 17, 1988, "Effects of
amitriptyline on calcium uptake and high energy phosphates in primary
myocardial cell cultures." (with Y. Park, J. Bradlaw, and A. Welder).

Society of Toxicology, Dallas, February 18, 1988, "Cocaine toxicity in
primary cardiac muscle and non-muscle cell cultures." (with A. Welder,
M. Smith, and K. Ramos).

Society of Toxicology, Dallas, February 18, 1988, "Isolation and
characterization of four subgroups of mamba cardiotoxins using primary
cultures of rat myocardial cells" (with P. Mbugua and A. Welder).

Society of Toxicology, Dallas, February 19, 1988, "Effects of flavonoids
of liver cell injury." (with J. Davila and A. Lenherr).

Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C., September 1, 1988, "In
vitro models of cardiotoxicity."

New Jersey Drug Metabolism Group, Somerset, N.J., September 22, 1988,
"The use of in vitro hepatocyte culture systems to study the metabolism
and toxicity of xenobiotics."

American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,
Montreal Canada, October 11, 1988, "Role of lipid peroxidation in
gentamicin cytotoxicity in primary cultures of rat kidney cortical
epithelium" (with J. Swann)

National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle
Park, N.C., November 7, 1988, "Development of in vitro cellular systems
for investigating the toxicity and metabolism of xenobiotics."

Society of Toxicology, Atlanta, February 28, 1989, "Amitriptyline
toxicity in primary cultures of adult myocardial cells" (with A.A.
Welder).

Society of Toxicology, Atlanta, February 28, 1989, "Protection against
doxorubicin-induced reactive oxygen species by ruthenium red and
fructose 1,6-diphosphate" (with E. Chacon).

Society of Toxicology, February 28, 1989, Atlanta, "Role of
intracellular reactive oxygen species and calcium in gentamicin
cytotoxicity" (with J. Swann).

Society of Toxicology, February 28, 1989, Atlanta, "Comparison of
papaverine metabolism in culture systems of rat hepatocytes and fungal
cells" (with G. Hsieh).

American Chemical Society, April 9, 1989, Dallas, "Microbial models of
mammalian metabolism: Oxidation of N-methylcarbazole by [Cunninghamella
echinulata]{.underline}" (with P. Davis).

FASEB, April 18, 1989, New Orleans, "Gentamicin does not stimulate its
own uptake" (with J. Swann).

4th International Symposium on Toxicity Assessment, May 9, 1989, Las
Vegas, "Comparison of in vitro microbial and mammalian cellular systems
for the assessment of chemical toxicity" (with J. Davila).

American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Salt
Lake City, August 15, 1989, "Bromobenzene toxicity in control and
phenobarbital-induced primary cultures of rat hepatocytes' (with G.
Hsieh, J. Davila, and P. Davis).

American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Salt
Lake City, August 15, 1989, "Toxicity assessment of papaverine
hydrochloride and papaverine-derived metabolites in vitro" (with J.
Davila, G. Hsieh, C. Reddy, and P. Davis).

Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, August 22, 1989, "In Vitro approaches to
the study of drug toxicity."

American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, Atlanta, October 23,
1989, "Adverse effects of p-chloro-m-xylenol in rat liver cell cultures"
(with S. Stavchansky, J. Davila, and A. Dorantes).

Johnson & Johnson Conference on Research and Testing: Animals,
Alternatives, Responsibilities, New Brunswick, September 21, 1989, "In
Vitro applications in the toxicological evaluation of drugs and
chemicals."

University of Texas Department of Botany, November 13, 1989, "Use of
cell culture systems to study drug and chemical toxicity."

Organogenesis, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 27, 1989, "Development
of in vitro cell culture systems to evaluate the hepatotoxicity and
nephrotoxicity of drugs and chemicals."

4th International Symposium on Biological Reactive Intermediates,
Tucson, January 15, 1990, "Papaverine-induced hepatotoxicity: possible
role of glutathione" (with J. Davila and P. Davis).

Society of Toxicology, Miami Beach, February 12, 1990, "Toxicity of
phenacetin and its homologs in rat liver cell cultures" (with P.J.
Davis, J.C. Davila, and C.G. Reddy).

Society of Toxicology, Miami Beach, February 12, 1990, "The use of
primary cultured rat keratinocytes as a model for studying *in vitro*
cytotoxicity of dermatotoxic agents" (with G.C. Hsieh and J.R. Lee).

Society of Toxicology, Miami Beach, February, 12, 1990, "Mitochondrial
calcium transport coupled to superoxide formation suggests an alternate
mechanism for the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin" (with E. Chacon).

Society of Toxicology, Miami Beach, February 12, 1990, "Studies *in
vitro* on the mechanism of papaverine-induced hepatotoxicity " (with J.
C. Davila and P.J. Davis).

Society of Toxicology, Miami Beach, February 12, 1990, "Effects of a
21-aminosteroid, lazaroid (U-74006F.), on the inhibition of
doxorubicin - induced intracellular formation of reactive oxygen
species" (with E. Chacon and R.G. Ulrich).

Society of Toxicology, Miami Beach, February 12, 1990, "Effects of
cephaloridine on primary cultures of rat renal cortical epithelial
cells: intracellular reactive oxygen species and calcium" (with J.R.
Lee).

Society of Toxciology, Miami Beach, February 12, 1990, "Cultured
eukaryotic fungal cells as an alternative test system for assessing the
cytotoxicity of drugs and chemicals" (with G.C. Hsieh and P.J. Davis).

University of Oklahoma, College of Pharmacy, April 30, 1990, "*In vitro*
applications in toxicology: industrial aspects."

Burroughs Wellcome Co., Research Triangle Park, N.C., May 3, 1990, "*In
vitro* studies of the effects of drugs and chemicals on isolated cell
cultures."

Tissue Culture Association, Houston, June 12, 1990, "Role of oxidative
stress in anthralin-induced cell injury in primary cultures of rat
epidermal keratinocytes" (with G. Hsieh).

Tissue Culture Association, Houston, June 12, 1990, "Primary cultures of
rabbit conjunctiva and iris epithelial cells as *in vitro* toxicity test
systems" (with C. Yao and R. Grant).

Tissue Culture Association, Houston, June 12, 1990, "Toxicological
studies of gossypol in rat liver cell cultures" (with J. Davila and M.
Rodriguez).

Tissue Culture Association, Houston, June 12, 1990, "Characterization
and toxicity studies utilizing primary cultures of rabbit corneal
epithelial cells" (with R. Grant and D. Acosta).

CAAT Technical Workshop No. 2, Johns Hopkins University, Houston, June
14, 1990, "Maintenance of the differentiated state: suspension versus
monolayer culture."

Society of Toxicologic Pathologists, IX International Symposium, Ottawa,
Canada, June 26, 1990, "A perspective on cardiotoxicity induced by drugs
and chemicals."

International Meeting on In Vitro Toxicology: An Alternative to Animal
Testing? Annecy, France, October 1990, "An in vitro approach to the
study of target organ toxicity."

Institute für Toxikologie, University of Zurich, October 1990,
"Mechanisms of cardiotoxicity."

Plenary Burroughs Wellcome Lecture for the Toxicology Scholar Award,
Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February 1991.

Research Center in Minority Institutions, Symposium on Environmental
Health Science, April 1991, "Target organ toxicity of xenobiotics."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February 1991, "Toxicity
assessment of toxins T-514 and T-544 of Buckthorn (Karwinskia
Humboldtiana) in primary skin and liver cell cultures."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February 1991, "In vitro
metabolism and toxicity assessment of N-methylcarbazone in cultured rat
hepatocytes."

Annual FASEB meeting, April 1991, "Primary cultures of corneal and
conjunctival epithelial cells as in vitro models in the evaluation of
cytotoxic potential of surfactants."

Annual FASEB meeting, April 1991, "Potential involvement of oxygen
intermediates and glutathione depletion in UB-induced epidermal cell
injury in vitro."

Annual FASEB meeting, April 1991, "Doxorubicin dissipates the
mitochondrial membrane potential: implications for Ca++ initiating
oxidative stress."

Annual FASEB meeting, April 1991, "Effects of extracellular calcium
concentration on biochemical and morphological characterization of
primary rat epidermal keratinocyte cultures and their application in
studying toxic injury by dermatotoxicant."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February 1991,
"Implications for doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress by mitochondria
calcium cycling."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February 1991, "Involvement
of calcium in dithranol-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultures of rat
epidermal keratinocytes."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February 1991, "Alteration
in mitochondria function as a mechanism of cell injury by dithranol."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February 1991, "Potential
cytotoxicity of surfactants evaluated with primary cultures of rabbit
corneal epithelial cells."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February 1991, "Serum-free
culture of primary rabbit conjunctival epithelial cells as an in vitro
toxicity test system."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February 1991, "Comparison
of primary cultures of corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells in the
evaluation of potential cytotoxicity of surfactants."

"Honors Seminar", College of Pharmacy, May 1991, "Cell culture
technology in toxicology."

"Toxicology Seminar Series", Eli Lilly and Company, May 1991, "A
perspective on an in vitro approach to toxicology."

Opinion Leader Meeting on In Vitro Toxicology, May 1991, "Review of in
vitro cytotoxicity and irritation methods."

Biotechnology Perspectives at the University of Texas at Austin, May
1991, "In vitro toxicology."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February, 1992, Seattle.
"Elevation of Intracellular Calcium by 13-cis-Retinoic Acid in Primary
Rat Keratinocyte Model: Implications for Toxicity."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February, 1992, Seattle.
"Primary Rat Keratinocyte Culture as an In Vitro Model for the
Evaluation of Potential Cytotoxicity of Surfactants."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February, 1992, Seattle.
"Role of Increased Cytosolic Free Calcium in Ionomycin - Induced
Cytotoxicity of Rat Renal Cortical Epithelial Cells - A Digitized
Fluorescence Imaging Study."

Annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, February, 1992, Seattle.
"Adverse Effects of Tetracaine on Cytosolic Calcium and Mitochondrial
Membrane Potential in Cultured Corneal Epithelial Cells."

Annual meeting of the American Society of Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, August, 1992, Orlando. "Oculotoxicity Potential of Local
Anesthetics as Evaluated with Primary Cultures of Rabbit Corneal
Epithelial Cells."

Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, November 18, 1991, "In Vitro Ocular
and Dermal Toxicology of Surfactants."

Gulf Coast Hazardous Substance Research Center Meeting, January 14,
1992, "Toxicity Reduction Aspects of Bioremediation."

Honors Seminar, College of Pharmacy, February 21, 1992, "In Vitro
Toxicology."

Society of Toxicology, Minority Student Program, Seattle, February 23,
1992, "Toxicology Activities and Opportunities in Academia."

Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, March, 1993, New Orleans.
"In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Cytotoxicity of Two Groups of
Surfactants by Using Rat Keratinocyte Cultures."

Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, March, 1993, New Orleans.
"Effects of Lidocaine, Bupivicaine, and Cocaine on Control of Calcium
Mobilization in Cultured Rat Myocardial Cells."

Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, March, 1993, New Orleans.
"Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity of Ketoconazole with Primary Cultures of
Rat Hepatocytes."

Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, March, 1993, New Orleans.
"Hepatotoxicity of Diastereoisomer of Toxin T-514 of Karwinskia
Humboldtiana in Primary Liver Cell Cultures."

Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, March, 1993, New Orleans.
"Oculotoxicity Potential of Surfactant Mixtures Evaluated by Primary
Cultures of Rabbit Corneal Epthelial Cells."

Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, March, 1993, New Orleans.
"Adverse Effects of Local Anesthetics on Cytosolic Calcium and
Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in Cultured Corneal Epithelial Cells."

Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, March, 1993, New Orleans.
"An In Vitro Model of Cyclosporine-Induced Nephrotoxicity."

Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental
Biology, March, 1993, New Orleans. "Cellular and Mitochondrial Ca2+
Overload by Cyclosporine A in Primary Cultures of Rat Renal Cortical
Epithelial Cells."

Rutgers University Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology Fall Seminar
Series, Piscataway, October 8, 1992, "Mechanistic Aspects of Cardiotoxic
Agents in In Vitro Systems."

Honors Seminar, College of Pharmacy, October 21, 1992, "Cell Culture in
Drug Development."

Parke-Davis, Ann Arbor, October 23, 1992, "In Vitro Investigations on
Mechanisms of Cardiotoxic Agents."

The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, December 3,
1992, "An In Vitro Approach to the Study of Cardiotoxic Mechanisms."

RJ Reynolds, Winston-Salem, January 27, 1993, "The Mechanisms of
Cardiotoxic Agents."

Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A & M University, College Station, April 5,
1993, "In Vitro Toxicology of Cardiotoxic Agents."

The Toxicology Forum, 1993 Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., February
15, 1993, "In Vitro Investigations on Mechanisms of Cardiac Toxicity."

Current Trends: In Vitro Skin Toxicology and Eye Irritancy Testing (An
International Symposium), Ottawa, Canada, April 23, 1993, "In Vitro Eye
Irritancy Test Alternatives."

A Workshop on Cell Biology of Trauma, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, June
15, 1993, "Models of Toxicity Screening Using Cultured Cells."

Annual Meeting of the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, August 1, 1993, San Francisco, "Calcium Deregulation and
Cardiac Toxicity."

Hoechst Roussel, Somerville, N.J., August 26, 1993, "Use of in vitro
technology in the practical application of toxicology: current results
of hepatotoxicity studies with HP029."

Environmental Solutions Program, The University of Texas Department of
Environmental Engineering, October 21, 1993, "Use of in vitro technology
in toxicology assessment of drugs and chemicals."

Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, October 29, 1993, "In vitro model
for mechanistic examination of the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin."

Parke-Davis, Ann Arbor, November 30, 1993, "In vitro models for
cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity."

The University of Iowa, College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, February 2,
1994, "The use of digitized fluorescence imaging in toxicological
investigations."

Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C., March 23, 1994, "Use of
in vitro technology in assessment of drug and chemical toxicity."

Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science,
Annual Conference, Chicago, March 25, 1994, "An in vitro approach to the
study of target organ toxicity of xenobiotics."

G.D. Searle and Company, Chicago, April 11, 1994, "Digitized
fluorescence imaging system to measure target organ toxicity in vitro."

Experimental Biology 94, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, April 25, 1994,
"Cytotoxicity induced by Tween-20, a nonionic surfactant in primary
keratinocyte cultures from neonatal rat skin."

Experimental Biology 94, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, April 26, 1994, "A
rapid, accurate method to determine intracellular pH using a
fluorescence multiplate reader."

Experimental Biology 94, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, April 27, 1994,
"Effect of changes of pHi on intracellular calcium in primary cultures
of rabbit corneal epithelial cells."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, March 13-17, 1994,
"Comparison of the cytotoxicity of fluconazole and ketoconazole using
primary cell cultures of rat hepatocytes."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, March 13-17, 1994,
"Exploratory investigations of cytotoxicity induced by SDS in primary
keratinocyte cultures established from neonatal rat skin as an in vitro
model."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, March 13-17, 1994,
"Elevation of intracellular free calcium and mitochondrial dysfunction
in primary cultures of rabbit corneal epithelial cells exposed to
surfactant SDS."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, March 13-17, 1994,
"Fluorescence ratio imaging of intracellular pH in primary cultures of
rabbit corneal epithelial cells: pH regulation and acidification by
surfactants."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, March 13-17, 1994,
"Mechanism of cytoprotection by fructose against cocaine-mediated
oxidative cell injury."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, March 13-17, 1994,
"Effect of glutathione depletion on the in vitro cytotoxicity of
velnacrine maleate."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, March 13-17, 1994,
"Delayed toxicity by benzalkonium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate
evaluated in primary cultures of rabbit corneal epithelial cells."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, March 13-17, 1994,
"Changes in intracellular calcium and pH in rabbit corneal epithelial
cells after treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate and benzalkonium
chloride."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Dallas, TX, March 13-17, 1994,
"Effects of local anesthetics on voltage-dependent calcium channels in
plasma membrane of cultured rat myocardial cells."

Bristol-Myers Squibb, Syracuse, N.Y., June 28, 1994, "Use of digitized
fluorescence imaging in in vitro toxicology studies."

National Center for Toxicology Research, Little Rock, Arkansas, October
11, 1994, "An in vitro approach to the study of cardiotoxic and
nephrotoxic agents."

American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, San Diego, CA,
November 7, 1994, "Fluorescence ratio imaging of intracellular calcium
and pH inprimary cultures of rabbit corneal epithelial cells: elevation
of calcium and acidification after exposure to surfactant SDS."

The University of Washington, Seattle, November 21, 1994, "New
directions in pharmacy."

> Johnson & Johnson, Consumer Products, Inc., Skillman, NJ, January 31,
> 1995, "Development of Ocular and Skin Cell Culture Systems for
> Assessment of Toxicity of Consumer Products."

BioWhittaker, Inc., Walkersville, MD, February 18, 1995, "Overview of in
vitro models for epidermal and liver toxicity."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Baltimore, March 5-9, 1995, "The
effect of surfactants on the hydrolysis of fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester
evaluated in primary cultures of rabbit corneal epithelial cells."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Baltimore, March 5-9, 1995, "A
comparison of the cytotoxicity of benzalkonium chloride in two cell
models: primary cultures of the skin and eye."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Baltimore, March 5-9, 1995,
"Dermal irritancy induced by SDS and Tween-20, anionic and non-ionic
surfactants in rat keratinocyte cultures."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Baltimore, March 5-9, 1995,
"Cocaine-induced impairment of cardiac metochondrial function in vitro."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Baltimore, March 5-9, 1995, "The
effect of ketoconazole on metabolic integrity in relation to its
cytotoxicity in cultured rat hepatocytes."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Baltimore, March 5-9, 1995,
"Tertiary butyl hydroperoxide toxicity as a model of oxidative stress in
primary neonatal rat keratinocyte cultures."

Experimental Biology 95, Annual Meeting, Atlanta, April 9-13, 1995,
"Dissociation of cytotoxicity of cocaine from its local anesthetic
effect: a comparison with lidocaine."

Experimental Biology 95, Annual Meeting, Atlanta, April 9-13, 1995,
"Terfenadine and astemizol, but not quinidine, induce toxicity in
primary neonatal rat heart cell cultures."

Congress on In Vitro Biology, Denver, CO, May 20, 1995, "An in vitro
approach to the study of hepatotoxic agents with a primary culture
system of rat liver cells."

Industrial In Vitro Toxicology Group, Symposium on In Vitro Markers of
Toxicity: Techniques for Evaluating the Cell's Response to Toxic Agents,
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, May 26, 1995, "Digitized fluorescence
imaging as a tool in in vitro toxicology studies."

Michigan State University, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
September 19, 1995, "Mechanistic Toxicity Studies with Digitized
Fluorescence Imaging Technology."

American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, Tenth Annual Meeting,
Miami, November 8, 1995, "Metabolism of ketoconazole and
N-deacetylketoconazole by hepatic microsomes and flavin-containing
monooxygenases."

University of Texas Medical Branch, Graduate Studies Program, January
19, 1996, "Use of in vitro technology in toxicological studies."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, March 10-14, 1996,
"Catecholamines and ventricular myocytes: an in vitro model for studying
the cardiotoxicity of cocaine."

> Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, March 10-14, 1996,
> "Primary rat hepatocytes, an in vitro model to study flutamide induced
> cytotoxicity."

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, March 10-14, 1996,
"Oxidant-induced cellular senescence."

> Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, March 10-14, 1996,
> "Establishment of flavin-containing monooxygenases in hepatic
> microsomes obtained from primary cultures of rat hepatocytes."
>
> Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, March 10-14, 1996,
> "Effect of acute cocaine exposure on cell viability evaluated in an
> ischemia/reperfusion model of primary cultures of rat myocardial
> cells."
>
> New Mexico Highlands University, Department of Biological Sciences,
> April 1, 1996, "Use of Fluorescent Imaging Technology in Toxicological
> Studies."

University of Cincinnati Medical Center, College of Pharmacy, June 20,
1996, "Future of the pharmacy profession in academia."

Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C., July 2, 1996, "Use of in
vitro methodology and fluorescence imaging technology in toxicity
studies."

University of Cincinnati, College of Pharmacy, March 5, 1997, Research
Seminar, "An in vitro approach to the study of target organ toxicity of
xenobiotics.

Society of Toxicology, Annual Meeting, Cincinnati, OH, March 9-13, 1997,
"Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of ketoconazole and N-deacetyl
ketoconazole using primary cultures of neonatal rat ventricular
myocytes."

Washington State University, College of Pharmacy, Pullman, WA, April 21,
1997, "Evaluation of drug and chemical toxicity: Is there a place for in
vitro model systems."

Washington State University, College of Pharmacy, Pullman, WA, April 22,
1997, "An in vitro approach to the study of target organ toxicity of
xenobiotics."

Washington State University, College of Pharmacy, Pullman, WA, April 23,
1997, "Use of in vitro technology in toxicological assessment of drugs
and chemicals."

Washington State University, College of Pharmacy, Pullman, WA, April 24,
1997, "Development of sensitive markers of in vitro cytotoxicity of
drugs and chemicals."

> Alpha Zeta Omega, Cincinnati, OH, October 25, 1998, "Aims and Goals of
> Pharmacy Trends and Education Update of Pharm.D. Program"

Ohio Valley Society of Toxicology, Wright State University, Fairborn,
OH, October 29, 1998,

> "An In Vitro Approach to the Study of Target Organ Toxicity of
> Xenobiotics"
>
> National Peruvian Congress of Pharmaceutical Sciences and
> Biochemistry, December 5-8, 1999, "Disciplines of Pharmacology and
> Toxicology as a Foundation for the New Doctor of Pharmacy in the
> United States"
>
> The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 120^th^ Annual Meeting, Gifu,
> Japan, March 28-31, 2000, "The Use of In Vitro Technology in
> Toxicology Assessment of Drugs and Chemicals"
>
> Gifu University College of Medicine, March 30, 2000, "In Vitro
> Toxicity Assessment of Drugs and Chemicals" and Sankyo Company, March
> 30, 2000, "Target Toxicity Studies in Primary Culture Systems"
>
> Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting, March 18, 2002, "How to Market
> Yourself as a Toxicologist".