**12 APPENDICES**

**Appendix A. Community Dependence on Mackerel Fisheries**

Jepson, et al (2006) conducted community profiles for the South Atlantic
region. These community profiles provide a snapshot of the community and
its involvement in fishing using 2001 as a base year. The profiles
provide historical background about the community and its involvement in
fisheries or fisheries related industries. The profiles provide
information on community involvement in commercial and recreational
fishing as evidenced through various indicators (federal commercial
permits, state commercial licenses, federal charter permits, seafood
landings, fish processors and wholesale fish houses recreational
docks/marinas and recreational fishing tournaments). Demographic
information on a community basis is also provided to the extent that the
data was gathered in a Federal Census.

In general, the profiles do not provide fishery specific information
other than the number of federal and state permits associated with each
community where the federal and state permits are categorized by type.
Because not all communities profiled are likely relevant to the actions
under consideration in this document, the community profiles that
discuss communities that are homeports for vessels with at least five
federal commercial king mackerel, federal commercial Spanish mackerel,
and federal charter/headboat permit for coastal pelagics combined have
been included in this section. The last subsection under each state
heading summarizes community engagement in that state based on several
indicators that data was gathered for.

Note: The following information has been extracted from a community
profile covering the entire South Atlantic Council's area of authority.
As a result, some of the table numbers are not in numerical order.

**Florida**

The East coast of Florida landed over 37 million and over 32 million
pounds of seafood in 2001 and 2002 respectively. The value of those
landings was over 48 million dollars in 2001 and over 38 million dollars
in 2002. Florida had one port, Key West, listed in the top 50 U.S. ports
in terms of pounds landed and in terms of value of landings there were
three ports for Florida: Key West, St. Petersburg and Ft. Myers.
According to NMFS (2002) Florida recreational fishermen landed over 68
million pounds of finfish in 2001 and in 2002 that number dropped to
just over 59 million pounds for the entire state. There were 93
processors in all of Florida for 2001 with a total of 2,654 employees
and 284 wholesale dealers employing 2,485. In the years 2001 and 2002,
Florida had approximately 2,136 and 1,934 registered vessels
respectively. During those same years there were 5,502 boats registered
in 2001 and in 2002 that number was 4,438.

**Table 2.1 Number of Federal Permit by Type for Florida (Source: NMFS
2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             3384       1949       2432       2311

  Commercial King Mackerel            1359       1216       1559       1519

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         1540       1228       1479       1377

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            574        457        532        498

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        790        275        397        417
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        401        182        241        257
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             83         564        676        641

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             48         239        269        258

  Swordfish                           460        58         79         75

  Shark                               1039       212        251        242

  Rock Shrimp                         167        149        176        167
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Florida has seen the number of permitted vessels decline over the past
four years with a high of 3,384 vessels in 1998 and in 2001 that number
dropped to 2311. The majority of those vessels held either of both king
mackerel permits or Spanish mackerel permits. The next most commonly
held permits were snapper grouper class1 and spiny lobster.

[Community Profiles -- Fernandina Beach, FL]{.underline}

Fernandina Beach is located in Nassau County, Florida, on the
northernmost barrier island (Amelia Island) of the state's east coast.
The island extends from the mouth of the St. Mary's River southward to
Nassau Sound and is just over thirteen miles long and two miles wide
(Jacob *et al.* 2002).

Fishing has had a long history in the community as immigrants in the
1700s were net fishermen seeking mullet, sheepshead, crabs, trout,
turtles, drum, oysters and \"pogies\" (menhaden). Agriculture, forestry,
fishing, and tourism were the most prominent industries in the
Fernandina Beach area during the early 1900's. Shrimp fishing was
developed in 1902 by a Sicilian immigrant living in Fernandina Beach who
fished with a small diesel engine on his boat to pull a shrimp seine net
across the ocean floor. Commercial shrimp fishing grew substantially
when a New England fisherman, who was searching the Florida peninsula
for blue fish, began harvesting large quantities of shrimp. Shrimp
processing and shipment facilities were soon developed in Fernandina
Beach. That fishing heritage has been preserved in Old Town Fernandina
Beach, which has been designated a National Historic District. Today,
Fernandina's harbor is filled with commercial and charter fishing boats,
shrimp boats and private vessels. Seafood restaurants contribute to the
fishing village theme which continues to resonate throughout the
community although tourism has become the primary source of economic
revenue (Jacob *et al.* 2002).

#### Population

Table 5.1.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for Fernandina
Beach, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN
Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National
Marine Fisheries Service).

  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age Category** **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Total Persons                      6955       7224       8765       10242

  Persons Age 0-5                    586        468        652        682

  Persons Age 6-15                   1594       1252       1121       1128

  Persons Age 16-17                  371        351        252        234

  Persons Age 18-24                  577        723        805        712

  Persons Age 25-34                  754        1076       1344       1063

  Persons Age 35-44                  831        786        1457       1565

  Persons Age 45-54                  755        816        903        1550

  Persons Age 55-64                  767        878        923        1337

  Persons Age 65+                    599        791        1308       1971
  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.1.2.2. Housing Tenure for Fernandina Beach, Florida 1990-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      35.2       31.8

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      64.8       68.2
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.1.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for Fernandina Beach, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      1672       1776

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      3630       4802
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.1.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for Fernandina Beach, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              63.9       58.9

  Percent unemployed                                  4.5        7.1
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

####  

#### Race

Table 5.1.2.5. Race for Fernandina Beach, Florida 1970-2000. (Source
U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana
Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                      2136       2054       1975       1698

  Latino Black Persons               13         61         0          10

  Latino Persons                     58         248        48         246

  White Persons                      4819       5158       6739       8434

  Latino White Persons               45         187        48         168
  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.1.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for Fernandina Beach, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census
Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data
Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education         1128       796        556        438

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education        767        625        754        713

  25+ w/ HS diploma                  1159       1493       1869       2019

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education      301        707        1071       2140

  25+ w/ College Degree              351        726        1371       3145

  Drop outs                          127        74         67         80
  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Income and Poverty

Table 5.1.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for Fernandina Beach, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                 **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary      \$8499     \$19526    \$35352    \$40893
  Income (dollars)                                                    

  **Poverty Level**                                                   

  Persons Below Poverty Level        1366       897        1211       1026

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level        214        146        189        158

  Households with Public Assistance  145        251        215        97
  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Industry

Table 5.1.2.8. Employment by Industry for Fernandina Beach, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                       **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining       79         90         71         25

  Construction                       169        58         305        341

  Business Services                  60         68         156        304

  Communication/Utilities            63         73         59         161

  Manufacturing                      921        769        686        442

  Financial, Insurance & Real Estate 74         199        220        295

  Services                           106        186        268        2112

  Wholesale/Retail Trade             709        556        1389       1230

  Transportation                     448        537        916        248
  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.1.2.9. Employment by Occupation for Fernandina Beach, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                     **1970**   **1980**         **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                              95         197        426              \-

  Clerical                           381        3630       440              \-

  Craft                              319        385        491              \-

  Exec/Managerial                    318        363        636              \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                   22         74         90               12

  Household Services                 114        63         35               \-

  Laborer/Handler                    235        133        162              \-

  Operative/Transport                391        190        155              \-

  Service, except Household          517        601        773              \-

  Technical                          15         108        189              \-
  ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.1.3.1. Number of Federal Permit by Type for Fernandina Beach,
Florida (Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             14         7          9          13

  Commercial King Mackerel            1          0          1          1

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         2          0          1          1

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            0          0          0          0

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        5          0          1          5
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        3          0          1          3
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             1          0          0          0

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             0          0          0          0

  Swordfish                           0          0          0          0

  Shark                               2          0          0          0

  Rock Shrimp                         4          7          8          8

  Federal Dealers                     1          1          1          1
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.1.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for Fernandina
Beach, Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    **Number Employed**

  Fishing                        114100           3

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           0

  Boat Building                  336612           7

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           0

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           10

  Marinas                        713930           10

  Total Fishing Employment                        30
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[Community Profiles -- Atlantic Beach, FL]{.underline}

St. Augustine has the distinction of being the oldest European city in
the United States. First sited by the Spanish explorer Don Juan Ponce de
Leon in 1513, it was not settled until 1565 by Don Pedro Menendez de
Aviles, a Spanish admiral, in the name of King Phillip II.[^1] The
town's boom did not occur until the 1880s with the arrival of Henry M.
Flagler. His goal was to turn St. Augustine into a winter resort for
wealthy Americans. It was this thinking that transformed the town. The
construction of the railroad linked the city with much of the east
coast. Flagler built three large hotels to help fulfill his dream of a
tourist mecca. By the mid-1900s, St. Augustine's local economy was
dominated by tourism.[^2]

The commercial fishing industry began in the St. Augustine/Fernandina
area around 1900 with the arrival of a Sicilian immigrant named
Sallecito Salvador. He placed an engine on his boat that allowed him to
pull a shrimp seine across the ocean floor in 1902, and in 1906, he
began his company, S. Salvador & Sons. Salvador moved his business to
St. Augustine in 1922, where it thrived until 1929. Shrimp catch levels
soared from about 1934 to 1940.[^3] These stories illustrate the
longstanding culture of fishing in the St. Augustine area and the
importance it holds for many of the fishing families there. Commercial
fishing still continues at the port, the oldest continuously active port
in the United States. Boat building, tourism, and recreational
activities are also important to St. Augustine's port.[^4]

St. Augustine has seen a steady decline in its population since 1970.
Both the percent of population in the labor force and unemployment have
remained relatively stable over the years. Average wage and salary has
grown steadily, while the number of person living below the poverty
level has dropped. The number of people employed in farm, fish and
forestry has also dropped significantly over the past three decades,
with the most pronounced decline from 1990 to 2000. St. Augustine hs 28
vessels with federal permits and the majority of them have charter
permits for either snapper grouper or coastal pelagics (Table 5.3.3.1).
There is significant employment in fishing related business as there are
over 370 people employed in boat building according to Table 5.3.3.2 and
another 75 in the seafood processing sector.

#### Population

Table 5.3.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for St.
Augustine, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN
Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National
Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**
  Category**                                                         

  Total Persons                     12352      11985      11692      11512

  Persons Age 0-5                   676        574        696        560

  Persons Age 6-15                  2550       1708       1304       1069

  Persons Age 16-17                 510        425        367        214

  Persons Age 18-24                 1242       1833       1720       1767

  Persons Age 25-34                 927        1418       1522       1181

  Persons Age 35-44                 1181       909        1404       1542

  Persons Age 45-54                 1300       1114       1163       1760

  Persons Age 55-64                 1540       1363       1098       1187

  Persons Age 65+                   2197       2529       2418       2232
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.3.2.2. Housing Tenure for St. Augustine, Florida 1990-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      37.9       40.3

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      62.1       59.7
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.3.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for St. Augustine, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      2239       2547

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      5388       5121
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.3.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for St. Augustine, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              57.3       61.9

  Percent unemployed                                  5.6        5.4
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Race

Table 5.3.2.5. Race for St. Augustine, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                          **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                     2679       2527       2303       1,741

  Latino Black Persons              0          45         30         6

  Latino Persons                    139        367        560        361

  White Persons                     9673       9383       9154       9,193

  Latino White Persons              139        279        438        221
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.3.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for St. Augustine, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau
& MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center &
National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                     **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education        2293       1597       697        519

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education       1291       1352       1152       1099

  25+ w/ HS diploma                 2193       2128       2037       2430

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education     615        1204       1528       2568

  25+ w/ College Degree             753        1052       1789       3074

  Drop outs                         240        165        116        66
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Income and Poverty

Table 5.3.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for St. Augustine, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census
Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data
Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary     \$6958     \$13757    \$26572    \$32358
  Income (dollars)                                                   

  **Poverty Level**                                                  

  Persons Below Poverty Level       2927       1876       1697       1664

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level       760        355        301        200

  Households with Public Assistance 275        422        372        125
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Industry

Table 5.3.2.8. Employment by Industry for St. Augustine, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining      142        126        67         19

  Construction                      259        327        287        353

  Business Services                 111        127        253        226

  Communication/Utilities           149        109        91         202

  Manufacturing                     522        441        437        423

  Financial, Insurance & Real       342        304        292        420
  Estate                                                             

  Services                          227        193        249        2827

  Wholesale/Retail Trade            1622       1237       2203       1941

  Transportation                    948        1123       1421       225
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.3.2.9. Employment by Occupation for St. Augustine, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                    **1970**   **1980**          **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                             323        510        866               \-

  Clerical                          726        6710       569               \-

  Craft                             568        536        509               \-

  Exec/Managerial                   481        631        536               \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                  86         141        105               43

  Household Services                145        103        36                \-

  Laborer/Handler                   231        220        149               \-

  Operative/Transport               232        256        175               \-

  Service, except Household         898        1125       1040              \-

  Technical                         58         124        140               \-
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ----------

###  

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.3.3.1 Number of Federal Permit by Type for St. Augustine,
Florida** **(Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             34         14         15         28

  Commercial King Mackerel            9          8          8          7

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         10         8          8          8

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            3          1          2          2

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        1          4          5          19
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        18         4          5          18
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             1          7          9          9

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             3          3          2          2

  Swordfish                           2          0          0          0

  Shark                               3          0          0          0

  Rock Shrimp                         1          1          1          1

  Federal Dealers                                                      
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.3.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for St. Augustine,
Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    **Number Employed**

  Fishing                        114100           0

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           75

  Boat Building                  336612           375

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           3

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           0

  Marinas                        713930           0

  Total Fishing Employment                        453
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[Community Profiles -- St. Augustine, FL]{.underline}

St. Augustine has the distinction of being the oldest European city in
the United States. First sited by the Spanish explorer Don Juan Ponce de
Leon in 1513, it was not settled until 1565 by Don Pedro Menendez de
Aviles, a Spanish admiral, in the name of King Phillip II.[^5] The
town's boom did not occur until the 1880s with the arrival of Henry M.
Flagler. His goal was to turn St. Augustine into a winter resort for
wealthy Americans. It was this thinking that transformed the town. The
construction of the railroad linked the city with much of the east
coast. Flagler built three large hotels to help fulfill his dream of a
tourist mecca. By the mid-1900s, St. Augustine's local economy was
dominated by tourism.[^6]

The commercial fishing industry began in the St. Augustine/Fernandina
area around 1900 with the arrival of a Sicilian immigrant named
Sallecito Salvador. He placed an engine on his boat that allowed him to
pull a shrimp seine across the ocean floor in 1902, and in 1906, he
began his company, S. Salvador & Sons. Salvador moved his business to
St. Augustine in 1922, where it thrived until 1929. Shrimp catch levels
soared from about 1934 to 1940.[^7] These stories illustrate the
longstanding culture of fishing in the St. Augustine area and the
importance it holds for many of the fishing families there. Commercial
fishing still continues at the port, the oldest continuously active port
in the United States. Boat building, tourism, and recreational
activities are also important to St. Augustine's port.[^8]

St. Augustine has seen a steady decline in its population since 1970.
Both the percent of population in the labor force and unemployment have
remained relatively stable over the years. Average wage and salary has
grown steadily, while the number of person living below the poverty
level has dropped. The number of people employed in farm, fish and
forestry has also dropped significantly over the past three decades,
with the most pronounced decline from 1990 to 2000. St. Augustine hs 28
vessels with federal permits and the majority of them have charter
permits for either snapper grouper or coastal pelagics (Table 5.3.3.1).
There is significant employment in fishing related business as there are
over 370 people employed in boat building according to Table 5.3.3.2 and
another 75 in the seafood processing sector.

#### Population

Table 5.3.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for St.
Augustine, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN
Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National
Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**
  Category**                                                         

  Total Persons                     12352      11985      11692      11512

  Persons Age 0-5                   676        574        696        560

  Persons Age 6-15                  2550       1708       1304       1069

  Persons Age 16-17                 510        425        367        214

  Persons Age 18-24                 1242       1833       1720       1767

  Persons Age 25-34                 927        1418       1522       1181

  Persons Age 35-44                 1181       909        1404       1542

  Persons Age 45-54                 1300       1114       1163       1760

  Persons Age 55-64                 1540       1363       1098       1187

  Persons Age 65+                   2197       2529       2418       2232
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.3.2.2. Housing Tenure for St. Augustine, Florida 1990-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      37.9       40.3

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      62.1       59.7
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

####  

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.3.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for St. Augustine, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      2239       2547

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      5388       5121
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.3.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for St. Augustine, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              57.3       61.9

  Percent unemployed                                  5.6        5.4
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Race

Table 5.3.2.5. Race for St. Augustine, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                          **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                     2679       2527       2303       1,741

  Latino Black Persons              0          45         30         6

  Latino Persons                    139        367        560        361

  White Persons                     9673       9383       9154       9,193

  Latino White Persons              139        279        438        221
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.3.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for St. Augustine, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau
& MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center &
National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                     **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education        2293       1597       697        519

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education       1291       1352       1152       1099

  25+ w/ HS diploma                 2193       2128       2037       2430

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education     615        1204       1528       2568

  25+ w/ College Degree             753        1052       1789       3074

  Drop outs                         240        165        116        66
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

####  

#### Income and Poverty

Table 5.3.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for St. Augustine, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census
Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data
Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary     \$6958     \$13757    \$26572    \$32358
  Income (dollars)                                                   

  **Poverty Level**                                                  

  Persons Below Poverty Level       2927       1876       1697       1664

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level       760        355        301        200

  Households with Public Assistance 275        422        372        125
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Industry

Table 5.3.2.8. Employment by Industry for St. Augustine, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining      142        126        67         19

  Construction                      259        327        287        353

  Business Services                 111        127        253        226

  Communication/Utilities           149        109        91         202

  Manufacturing                     522        441        437        423

  Financial, Insurance & Real       342        304        292        420
  Estate                                                             

  Services                          227        193        249        2827

  Wholesale/Retail Trade            1622       1237       2203       1941

  Transportation                    948        1123       1421       225
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.3.2.9. Employment by Occupation for St. Augustine, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                    **1970**   **1980**          **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                             323        510        866               \-

  Clerical                          726        6710       569               \-

  Craft                             568        536        509               \-

  Exec/Managerial                   481        631        536               \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                  86         141        105               43

  Household Services                145        103        36                \-

  Laborer/Handler                   231        220        149               \-

  Operative/Transport               232        256        175               \-

  Service, except Household         898        1125       1040              \-

  Technical                         58         124        140               \-
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ----------

###  

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.3.3.1 Number of Federal Permit by Type for St. Augustine,
Florida** **(Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             34         14         15         28

  Commercial King Mackerel            9          8          8          7

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         10         8          8          8

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            3          1          2          2

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        1          4          5          19
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        18         4          5          18
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             1          7          9          9

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             3          3          2          2

  Swordfish                           2          0          0          0

  Shark                               3          0          0          0

  Rock Shrimp                         1          1          1          1

  Federal Dealers                                                      
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.3.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for St. Augustine,
Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    **Number Employed**

  Fishing                        114100           0

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           75

  Boat Building                  336612           375

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           3

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           0

  Marinas                        713930           0

  Total Fishing Employment                        453
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[Community Profiles -- Ponce Inlet, FL]{.underline}

The town of Ponce Inlet was originally referred to as the port of
mosquitoes until the early twentieth century and is located at the
southern boundary of Ponce de Leon Inlet. There is some controversy as
to whom actually first stepped foot on Ponce Inlet; perhaps it was Ponce
de Leon in 1513 that went ashore to high ground to search for a lost
vessel. Others believe it may have been Frenchman Jean Ribault in 1563
(Davies, 1995).

Sport fishing became the mainstay for most residents of the Ponce Inlet
area. The industry began to grow in the 1950s; however, many found that
it was not very profitable. "In the winter the waters were so uncertain
that sometimes the boats rocked at the dock for days while the tourist
sought other recreation" (Davies, 1995:54). However, when charter
fishermen in the Florida Keys heard about the good conditions in the
summer months in northern Florida, they would work out of the "growing
number of docks from Daytona to the Inlet" (Davies, 1995:55). The
arrival of the head boat scared many of the original fishermen because
they thought it would ruin the business. Eventually, the locals
understood the economic opportunities associated with the head boat. By
the 1960s, the sport fishing industry was quite successful for the
fishermen of Ponce Inlet (Davies, 1995).

The population of Ponce Inlet has grown over the years, but most of that
growth came within the last decade. The percent of population in the
labor force has remained around 45 percent and unemployment has dropped
to a low of 1.9 in 2000 from 4.5 in 1990. Average wage and salary have
risen significantly over the years, but so has the number of persons
living below the poverty level. The number of people who work in farm,
fish and forestry has dropped to fewer than 3 people according to census
measures of occupation and industry. However, Table 5.4.3.1 shows over
25 vessels with federal permits homeported in the community with the
majority of those with charter permits for either snapper grouper or
coastal pelagics. There is also some fishing related employment
according to Table 5.4.3.2 which indicates over 180 people employed in
the marinas sector.

#### Population

Table 5.4.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for Ponce
Inlet, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN
Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National
Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**
  Category**                                                         

  Total Persons                     .          1003       1704       2514

  Persons Age 0-5                   .          20         55         37

  Persons Age 6-15                  .          86         70         184

  Persons Age 16-17                 .          44         24         52

  Persons Age 18-24                 .          88         104        83

  Persons Age 25-34                 .          121        185        131

  Persons Age 35-44                 .          99         250        266

  Persons Age 45-54                 .          120        190        450

  Persons Age 55-64                 .          250        350        542

  Persons Age 65+                   .          163        476        769
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.4.2.2. Housing Tenure for Ponce Inle, Florida 1990-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      14.6       9.6

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      85.4       90.4
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.4.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for Ponce Inle, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      274        402

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      716        1250
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

####  

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.4.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for Ponce Inle, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              48.1       45.6

  Percent unemployed                                  4.2        1.9
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Race

Table 5.4.2.5. Race for Ponce Inlet, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                          **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                     .          0          1          14

  Latino Black Persons              .          0          1          1

  Latino Persons                    .          16         21         39

  White Persons                     .          982        1662       2420

  Latino White Persons              .          7          20         36
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.4.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for Ponce Inlet, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau &
MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center &
National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                     **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education        .          52         40         50

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education       .          85         145        118

  25+ w/ HS diploma                 .          265        463        557

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education     .          184        346        556

  25+ w/ College Degree             .          167        326        877

  Drop outs                         .          7          2          0
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Income and Poverty

Table 5.4.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for Ponce Inlet, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census
Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data
Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary     .          15923      33162      52112
  Income (dollars)                                                   

  **Poverty Level**                                                  

  Persons Below Poverty Level       .          66         116        128

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level       .          6          15         24

  Households with Public Assistance .          10         22         0
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

####  

#### Industry

Table 5.4.2.8. Employment by Industry for Ponce Inlet, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining      .          16         20         0

  Construction                      .          16         40         71

  Business Services                 .          26         23         67

  Communication/Utilities           .          6          13         26

  Manufacturing                     .          28         57         99

  Financial, Insurance & Real       .          21         31         108
  Estate                                                             

  Services                          .          49         83         518

  Wholesale/Retail Trade            .          69         235        238

  Transportation                    .          107        211        55
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.4.2.9. Employment by Occupation for Ponce Inlet, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                    **1970**   **1980**         **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                             .          74         131              \-

  Clerical                          .          510        93               \-

  Craft                             .          25         53               \-

  Exec/Managerial                   .          70         121              \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                  .          16         20               2

  Household Services                .          0          0                \-

  Laborer/Handler                   .          0          26               \-

  Operative/Transport               .          2          19               \-

  Service, except Household         .          59         113              \-

  Technical                         .          5          28               \-
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.4.3.1. Number of Federal Permit by Type for Ponce Inlet,
Florida (Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             28         13         18         29

  Commercial King Mackerel            11         7          10         10

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         12         6          12         11

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            4          2          2          2

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        21         8          13         25
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        22         8          12         22
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             1          11         12         12

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             0          0          0          0

  Swordfish                           4          0          1          1

  Shark                               11         5          7          7

  Rock Shrimp                         0          0          0          0

  Federal Dealers                     0          0          0          0
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.4.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for Ponce Inlet,
Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    **Number Employed**

  Fishing                        114100           0

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           0

  Boat Building                  336612           6

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           3

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           0

  Marinas                        713930           181

  Total Fishing Employment                        190
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[Community Profiles -- Merritt Island, FL]{.underline}

Merritt Island's population has grown slowly over the past three
decades. The percent of the population in the labor force has dropped
slightly over the past ten years, but unemployment has increased
slightly. Average wage and salary have increased to over \$40,000 for
the year 2000, but the number of persons living under the poverty level
has also grown considerably. As for most coastal communities the number
of people working in the farm, fish and forestry sector of the economy
has dropped significantly over the past decade but has shown a steady
decline prior to the 2000 census. Merritt Island has only 8 vessels with
federal permits and half of them have charter permits (Table 5.5.3.1).
There is substantial employment represented in the fishing related
sector of boat building with over 1100 persons employed in that sector
according to Table 5.5.3.2.

#### Population

Table 5.5.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for Merritt
Island, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN
Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National
Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**
  Category**                                                         

  Total Persons                     29233      30708      32886      36091

  Persons Age 0-5                   2822       1558       2346       2171

  Persons Age 6-15                  7486       4786       3929       4496

  Persons Age 16-17                 1095       1380       776        1158

  Persons Age 18-24                 2343       3448       2476       2191

  Persons Age 25-34                 4813       3804       5148       3335

  Persons Age 35-44                 4630       4126       4817       6038

  Persons Age 45-54                 3170       4308       4278       5182

  Persons Age 55-64                 1190       3802       4055       4323

  Persons Age 65+                   1068       3163       5061       7197
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.5.2.2. Housing Tenure for Merritt Island, Florida 1990-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      27.7       25.1

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      72.3       74.9
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.5.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for Merritt Island, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      7987       9158

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      15381      18634
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.5.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for Merritt Island, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              65.1       58.4

  Percent unemployed                                  4.2        5.0
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Race

Table 5.5.2.5. Race for Merritt Island, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                          **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                     1586       1641       1711       1871

  Latino Black Persons              32         3          41         47

  Latino Persons                    657        759        1067       1381

  White Persons                     27466      28602      30345      31565

  Latino White Persons              520        698        887        995
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.5.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for Merritt Island, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau
& MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center &
National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                     **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education        1601       1878       877        796

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education       2018       2282       2512       2858

  25+ w/ HS diploma                 5899       6905       6328       7416

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education     2936       4294       6082       7020

  25+ w/ College Degree             2417       3844       5457       10002

  Drop outs                         223        191        98         90
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

####  

#### Income and Poverty

Table 5.5.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for Merritt Island, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary     \$12011    \$20355    \$39680    \$43532
  Income (dollars)                                                   

  **Poverty Level**                                                  

  Persons Below Poverty Level       2176       2512       2331       3334

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level       257        260        287        478

  Households with Public Assistance 187        409        636        354
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Industry

Table 5.5.2.8. Employment by Industry for Merritt Island, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining      180        165        298        79

  Construction                      620        1014       1021       1142

  Business Services                 983        1001       918        1358

  Communication/Utilities           312        416        371        494

  Manufacturing                     3169       2424       2965       2051

  Financial, Insurance & Real       2864       2209       2760       987
  Estate                                                             

  Services                          357        743        1113       7378

  Wholesale/Retail Trade            3156       2188       5105       3750

  Transportation                    1737       3107       3627       632
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.5.2.9. Employment by Occupation for Merritt Island, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                    **1970**   **1980**          **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                             677        1805       2231              \-

  Clerical                          1877       22430      2342              \-

  Craft                             1426       1636       1936              \-

  Exec/Managerial                   975        1861       2597              \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                  89         152        232               79

  Household Services                94         13         15                \-

  Laborer/Handler                   220        455        405               \-

  Operative/Transport               608        449        431               \-

  Service, except Household         1118       1367       2003              \-

  Technical                         692        793        862               \-
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ----------

###  

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.5.3.1. Number of Federal Permit by Type for Merritt Island,
Florida (Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total Permitted Vessels             7          4          7          8

  Commercial King Mackerel            3          3          6          5

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         4          3          2          0

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            2          0          0          0

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        1          0          1          4
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        0          0          1          4
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             0          0          2          2

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             0          0          0          0

  Swordfish                           2          0          0          0

  Shark                               4          1          1          0

  Rock Shrimp                         1          0          0          0

  Federal Dealers                     2          1          1          1
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.5.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for Merritt
Island, Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    **Number Employed**

  Fishing                        114100           3

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           0

  Boat Building                  336612           1125

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           18

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           7

  Marinas                        713930           23

  Total Fishing Employment                        1176
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[Community Profiles -- Cape Canaveral, FL]{.underline}

Cape Canaveral received its name from the Spanish explorers who found it
in the early 1500s. The word "Cape" was used to describe the land
formation, and the word "Canaveral" comes from the Spanish word for
"canebreak." There is much debate over the exact translation and meaning
of the name. A traveling exhibition for the Smithsonian Institute
translates Cape Canaveral as "Place of the Cane Bearers," so named by
Spanish explorer Francisco Gordillo after he was shot by an Ais Indian
arrow made of cane. Others believe it should be translated as "Point of
Reeds" or "Point of Canes" because the Spanish mistook some of the
indigenous plants for sugar cane. Whatever the exact translation of the
name may be, all agree that it is of Spanish origin.[^9]

Even before the area of Cape Canaveral was settled, it was an important
landmark for sailors. Once sighted, they would turn northeastward for
the journey back to Europe. Douglas D. Dummitt arrived in the area in
the 1820s, establishing Dummitt Grove on Merritt Island. He used the
Indian River to ship his oranges northward, beginning in 1828. However,
the actual geographic area known as Cape Canaveral was not settled until
the 1840s. Cut off from the mainland, this small community remained
self-reliant until the late 1800s.[^10]

The city of Cape Canaveral really began to expand in the early 1920s
when a group of retired Orlando journalists were vacationing in the area
and appraising its value. They invested over \$150,000 in the
surrounding beach areas, calling it *Journalista*, the area today known
as *Avon-by-the-Sea*. Instead of the area becoming solely a beach resort
for wealthy inland residents and northerners, many fishermen moved into
the area as well.[^11] However, with the establishment and expansion of
the space program in the United States in the late 1950s and early
1960s, Cape Canaveral, Titusville, Merritt Island, and the surrounding
communities truly began to expand.

Today, the residents of Cape Canaveral and the rest of Brevard County
rely on the surrounding waters. Port Canaveral, constructed in the
1950s, is the second busiest cruise port in the world and home to many
charter fishing companies in the area.[^12] The more than three dozen
charter fishing boats offer half-day, three-quarter-day, full-day, and
gulf stream trips for dolphin, tuna, king and Spanish mackerel, wahoo,
redfish, tarpon, snook, snapper, grouper, and many others. Both light
tackle flats fishing on the Indian and Banana Rivers and Mosquito Lagoon
as well as deep sea fishing are available. Most of the boat captains are
second or third generation fishermen. The history of fishing in Brevard
County dates back more than 100 years.

Cape Canaveral's population has grown steadily over the years while the
percent of the population in the labor force has dropped. Unemployment
has also dropped but remains above 5 percent. Average wage and salary
has grown while the number of persons living below the poverty level has
dropped from a high in 1990 of 1282 to 1035 in 2000. The number of
persons working in the fish, farm and forestry sector has dropped
significantly to only 17 persons in 2000 for both occupation and
industry. Cape Canaveral has 15 vessels with federal permits homeported
there (Table 5.6.3.1) with a large portion of the employment in fishing
related business in marinas with 125 according to Table 5.6.3.2. with 35
in boat building and 17 in fish and seafood.

### *Population*

Table 5.6.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for Cape
Canaveral, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN
Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National
Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**
  Category**                                                         

  Total Persons                     4258       5733       8014       8954

  Persons Age 0-5                   352        251        466        308

  Persons Age 6-15                  618        444        540        509

  Persons Age 16-17                 81         100        100        163

  Persons Age 18-24                 838        1165       789        589

  Persons Age 25-34                 855        1073       1870       1155

  Persons Age 35-44                 664        639        1239       1504

  Persons Age 45-54                 435        552        850        1416

  Persons Age 55-64                 221        734        867        1138

  Persons Age 65+                   132        721        1293       2172
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.6.2.2. Housing Tenure for Cape Canaveral, Florida 1990-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      58.1       50.4

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      41.9       49.6
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.6.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for Cape Canaveral, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      2371       2812

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      2117       3196
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.6.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for Cape Canaveral, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              70.2       59.6

  Percent unemployed                                  6.8        5.3
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

####  

#### Race

Table 5.6.2.5. Race for Cape Canaveral, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                          **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                     0          182        277        119

  Latino Black Persons              0          0          40         7

  Latino Persons                    95         159        374        307

  White Persons                     4242       5410       7545       8,114

  Latino White Persons              95         121        300        245
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.6.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for Cape Canaveral, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau
& MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center &
National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                     **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education        209        280        213        179

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education       306        419        814        849

  25+ w/ HS diploma                 904        1461       1939       2315

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education     458        863        1368       2147

  25+ w/ College Degree             430        696        1311       2585

  Drop outs                         49         58         36         13
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Income and Poverty

Table 5.6.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for Cape Canaveral, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary     \$9357     \$14616    \$27764    \$30858
  Income (dollars)                                                   

  **Poverty Level**                                                  

  Persons Below Poverty Level       332        890        1282       1035

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level       40         52         74         155

  Households with Public Assistance 43         115        204        147
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Industry

Table 5.6.2.8. Employment by Industry for Cape Canaveral, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining      20         32         68         17

  Construction                      83         276        319        398

  Business Services                 263        146        309        323

  Communication/Utilities           77         89         32         132

  Manufacturing                     739        584        864        462

  Financial, Insurance & Real       722        501        799        283
  Estate                                                             

  Services                          86         166        201        1722

  Wholesale/Retail Trade            656        360        1438       1191

  Transportation                    327        621        1060       270
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.6.2.9. Employment by Occupation for Cape Canaveral, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                    **1970**   **1980**         **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                             86         240        638              \-

  Clerical                          492        3840       583              \-

  Craft                             242        410        492              \-

  Exec/Managerial                   175        353        488              \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                  0          23         123              17

  Household Services                0          10         18               \-

  Laborer/Handler                   30         107        143              \-

  Operative/Transport               119        138        199              \-

  Service, except Household         216        469        754              \-

  Technical                         137        179        238              \-
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.6.3.1. Number of Federal Permit by Type for Cape Canaveral,
Florida (Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             19         6          10         15

  Commercial King Mackerel            5          1          1          3

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         8          4          7          8

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            1          1          2          3

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        2          0          0          3
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        2          0          0          3
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             0          0          1          1

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             1          0          0          2

  Swordfish                           3          0          0          1

  Shark                               9          1          3          3

  Rock Shrimp                         10         3          4          4

  Federal Dealers                     5          2          2          3
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.6.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for Cape
Canaveral, Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    **Number Employed**

  Fishing                        114100           0

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           0

  Boat Building                  336612           35

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           17

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           0

  Marinas                        713930           125

  Total Fishing Employment                        177
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[Community Profiles -- Sebastian, FL]{.underline}

Sebastian and Vero Beach are two of the five districts that comprise
Indian River County. Both communities were first settled in the 1880s.
Communication with the rest of the country and even other counties was
difficult. Therefore, settlers had to hunt, trap, and fish for
everything. The railroad was completed in time for the Spanish American
War, bringing troops to Florida (Newman, 1953). The arrival of the
railroad also increased the commercial fishing sector of Sebastian and
Vero Beach. Icehouses developed to pack and store the fish around 1900,
and the trains exported the products north. The original fish house of
one of the very first commercial fishing families still operates today
on Indian River Drive in Sebastian.[^13]

Today, recreational fishing, along with commercial fishing, is an
important part of the Indian River County culture. The Indian River
Lagoon is home to more than 700 species of fresh and saltwater
fish.[^14] Saltwater anglers can fish the Sebastian Inlet and the
Sebastian River for snook and red drum in the 20 to 30 pound class.
Grouper, snapper, flounder, sheepshead, permit, whiting, blues, and
shark can be caught off the Sebastian Inlet pier.[^15] Deep sea fishing
charters also leave from Sebastian and Vero Beach, offering bottom
fishing and blue water trolling for dolphin, sailfish, wahoo, grouper,
and cobia.

Sebastian has seen moderate population growth since 1990 to 2000 after a
large increase from 1980 to 1990. The percent of the population in the
labor force has remained relatively stable while unemployment has
dropped from 5.7 percent in 1990 to 3.2 in 2000. Average wage and salary
have grown steadily over the past few decades, but the number of persons
who live under the poverty level has increased dramatically. The number
of persons working in the farm, fish and forestry sectors for occupation
and industry has fluctuated since 1980, but has dropped in the most
recent census. There are 71 commercial vessels with federal permits
according to Table 5.7.3.1 and most of those have coastal pelagic
permits. Only 12 of those vessels have charter permits. There is not
much employment reported in the fishing related sectors of Table 5.7.3.2
with only15 in the marinas sector, 9 in fish and seafood and 3 in
fishing.

#### Population

Table 5.7.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for Sebastian,
Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**
  Category**                                                         

  Total Persons                     .          2831       10158      16450

  Persons Age 0-5                   .          144        762        909

  Persons Age 6-15                  .          346        1201       1990

  Persons Age 16-17                 .          66         138        427

  Persons Age 18-24                 .          208        499        855

  Persons Age 25-34                 .          324        1475       1279

  Persons Age 35-44                 .          226        1267       2507

  Persons Age 45-54                 .          230        928        2145

  Persons Age 55-64                 .          587        1323       1848

  Persons Age 65+                   .          682        2565       4490
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

####  

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.7.2.2. Housing Tenure for Sebastian, Florida 1990-2000. (Source:
U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      19.2       12.8

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      80.8       87.2
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.7.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for Sebastian, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      1923       2735

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      3066       7761
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.7.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for Sebastian, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              51.3       52.0

  Percent unemployed                                  5.7        3.2
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Race

Table 5.7.2.5. Race for Sebastian, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                          **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                     .          0          51         503

  Latino Black Persons              .          0          0          12

  Latino Persons                    .          48         90         625

  White Persons                     .          2808       9856       14748

  Latino White Persons              .          27         51         407
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.7.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for Sebastian, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau &
MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center &
National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                     **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education        .          347        532        401

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education       .          413        1473       1986

  25+ w/ HS diploma                 .          835        2894       4859

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education     .          320        1389       3804

  25+ w/ College Degree             .          134        749        2478

  Drop outs                         .          37         85         52
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Income and Poverty

Table5.7.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for Sebastian, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census
Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data
Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary     .          \$13218    \$28122    \$39327
  Income (dollars)                                                   

  **Poverty Level**                                                  

  Persons Below Poverty Level       .          290        684        1025

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level       .          48         203        223

  Households with Public Assistance .          65         150        126
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Industry

Table 5.7.2.8. Employment by Industry for Sebastian, Florida 1970-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database.
Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining      .          89         149        82

  Construction                      .          130        567        602

  Business Services                 .          34         184        245

  Communication/Utilities           .          42         71         222

  Manufacturing                     .          130        326        408

  Financial, Insurance & Real       .          111        264        558
  Estate                                                             

  Services                          .          77         306        3615

  Wholesale/Retail Trade            .          152        1221       1833

  Transportation                    .          237        1048       171
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.7.2.9. Employment by Occupation for Sebastian, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                    **1970**   **1980**         **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                             .          138        547              \-

  Clerical                          .          1560       620              \-

  Craft                             .          197        591              \-

  Exec/Managerial                   .          76         429              \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                  .          70         139              50

  Household Services                .          2          35               \-

  Laborer/Handler                   .          31         193              \-

  Operative/Transport               .          94         203              \-

  Service, except Household         .          114        541              \-

  Technical                         .          12         172              \-
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.7.3.1. Number of Federal Permit by Type for Sebastian, Florida
(Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             69         60         74         71

  Commercial King Mackerel            51         50         62         61

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         52         46         56         47

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            6          2          7          6

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        6          5          7          12
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        5          5          8          12
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             1          11         13         15

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             2          8          7          6

  Swordfish                           6          0          1          2

  Shark                               23         5          6          6

  Rock Shrimp                         0          1          0          0

  Federal Dealers                     1          1          1          2
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.7.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for Sebastian,
Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    **Number Employed**

  Fishing                        114100           3

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           0

  Boat Building                  336612           0

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           9

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           0

  Marinas                        713930           15

  Total Fishing Employment                        27
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[Community Profiles -- Ft. Pierce, FL]{.underline}

The Spanish built Fort Santa Lucia on the Jupiter Inlet in 1565 from
which the county now draws its name---St. Lucie County.[^16] Permanent
US inhabitance of Ft. Pierce dates back to the Seminole Indian War. US
Army Lt. Col. Benjamin Kendrick Pierce, for whom the town is named,
built a fort in 1837 to use as the army's headquarters. The war ended in
the early 1840s, making way for settlement and development: "Water
transportation, fishing and canning fish were key to the area's early
economy."[^17] The arrival of Henry Flagler's railroad in the early
1900s opened Ft. Pierce's economy to the rest of the east coast. Ft.
Pierce beach was used as a naval base during World War II.[^18]

The culture of fishing has been in the area since its inception.
Anecdotes passed down from one generation to the next of Ft. Pierce
residents describe the abundance of fish in the area in the late 1800s
and early 1900s. One such story, told by Newman (1953) in her book,
[Early Life Along the Beautiful Indian River]{.underline}, tells of a
man who bound his shirt at the sleeves and waist and cut a plunging
neckline. He would then stand in the water until the shirt was full of
fish and then empty it out into a bucket on the shore. In the late
1800s, a man from the nearby town of Titusville helped to create the
commercial fishing sector in Ft. Pierce. He would bring the fish to
Titusville for shipping to the rest of the east coast. The first
icehouse for packaging fish was built in 1900 (Newman, 1953).

Recreational fishing has also become a popular pastime in Ft. Pierce and
the rest of St. Lucie County. This is due in large part to the fleet of
Spanish galleons that sunk off the St. Lucie and Martin Counties
coastline. These artificial reefs have created excellent fishing and
diving spots for locals and tourists. The reefs attract spiny lobsters,
marlin, snook, flounder, and grouper.[^19] Some of the more popular fish
in the St. Lucie River include channel bass, snook, ladyfish, jack
crevalle, and trout. Black bass is another famous catch in the
area.[^20] Most charter fishing boats in the area offer half,
three-quarter, and full-day trips for dolphin, sailfish, wahoo,
amberjack, tuna, kingfish, snapper, and grouper.

Fort Pierce has seen moderate population growth over the past three
decades while the percent of the population in the labor force has
remained around 55 percent while unemployment has dropped from 12.4
percent in 1990 to 8.8 percent in 2000. Average wage and salary has
grown slowly over the past ten years while the number of persons living
under the poverty level has risen significantly. The number of people
working in farm, fish and forestry has remained relatively high for both
occupation and industry over the years with both categories having over
1000 persons in each. There are over 100 vessels with federal permits
homeported in Ft. Pierce and most of those have coastal pelagic permits
(Table 5.8.3.1). There are over 260 persons employed in the boat
building sector of fishing related employment according to Table
5.8.3.2.

### *Population*

Table 5.8.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for Fort
Pierce, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN
Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National
Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**
  Category**                                                         

  Total Persons                     29728      33802      36830      37489

  Persons Age 0-5                   2825       2672       3770       3319

  Persons Age 6-15                  6204       5161       5001       5685

  Persons Age 16-17                 1153       1227       950        961

  Persons Age 18-24                 3013       4263       3203       3912

  Persons Age 25-34                 3232       4507       5372       4627

  Persons Age 35-44                 3038       3110       4245       5004

  Persons Age 45-54                 3261       3149       3322       4135

  Persons Age 55-64                 2810       3691       3586       3172

  Persons Age 65+                   3633       5471       7381       6674
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

####  

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.8.2.2. Housing Tenure for Fort Pierce, Florida 1990-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      46.7       47.0

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      53.3       53.0
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.8.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for Fort Pierce, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      10927      10892

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      15288      16134
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.8.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for Fort Pierce, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              55.0       55.1

  Percent unemployed                                  12.4       8.8
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Race

Table5.8.2.5. Race for Fort Pierce, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                          **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                     14422      14600      15666      15109

  Latino Black Persons              17         63         197        217

  Latino Persons                    37         736        2168       5629

  White Persons                     15289      18978      19807      15516

  Latino White Persons              20         622        851        3069
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.8.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for Fort Pierce, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau &
MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center &
National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                     **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education        5802       5688       4386       4737

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education       3515       3786       5929       7004

  25+ w/ HS diploma                 3872       5936       6091       6839

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education     1585       2710       3590       5549

  25+ w/ College Degree             1200       1808       2691       4229

  Drop outs                         696        753        612        1025
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Income and Poverty

Table 5.8.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for Fort Pierce, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census
Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data
Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary     \$6273     \$13564    \$23595    \$25121
  Income (dollars)                                                   

  **Poverty Level**                                                  

  Persons Below Poverty Level       10006      9135       10591      11471

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level       1337       1129       1145       1168

  Households with Public Assistance 857        1503       1660       863
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Industry

Table 5.8.2.8. Employment by Industry for Fort Pierce, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining      2460       1838       1324       1119

  Construction                      885        1258       1100       1803

  Business Services                 260        467        521        388

  Communication/Utilities           315        693        463        365

  Manufacturing                     846        1149       962        1139

  Financial, Insurance & Real       342        485        593        625
  Estate                                                             

  Services                          440        693        661        6453

  Wholesale/Retail Trade            3110       1916       4277       3822

  Transportation                    2405       3005       3387       433
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.8.2.9. Employment by Occupation for Fort Pierce, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                    **1970**   **1980**          **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                             749        1504       1658              \-

  Clerical                          1267       15320      1869              \-

  Craft                             1244       1786       1407              \-

  Exec/Managerial                   891        1104       1072              \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                  2095       1568       1313              1289

  Household Services                368        176        108               \-

  Laborer/Handler                   884        870        805               \-

  Operative/Transport               876        746        578               \-

  Service, except Household         1708       1895       2552              \-

  Technical                         54         155        251               \-
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ----------

###  

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.8.3.1. Number of Federal Permit by Type for Fort Pierce,
Florida (Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             88         64         81         100

  Commercial King Mackerel            54         52         62         71

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         63         59         72         73

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            10         8          9          11

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        1          0          0          7
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        1          0          0          6
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             5          13         17         18

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             2          6          7          7

  Swordfish                           18         8          8          11

  Shark                               46         18         18         24

  Rock Shrimp                         0          0          0          0

  Federal Dealers                     4          3          4          2
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.8.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for Fort Pierce,
Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    **Number Employed**

  Fishing                        114100           12

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           0

  Boat Building                  336612           265

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           7

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           3

  Marinas                        713930           21

  Total Fishing Employment                        308
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[Community Profiles -- Jupiter, FL]{.underline}

The name Jupiter derives from the original inhabitants of the area, the
Jeaga Indians. The Native Americans called themselves Jobe, so the
Spanish explorers called the inlet the Jobe River. The English settlers
who arrived in the 1760s thought the name was Jove, a mythological god
also known as Jupiter.[^21] Jupiter first became famous when Jonathan
Dickinson's boat the "Reformation" was shipwrecked along the coast in
1696. However, it was not until 1821 that real development of the area
began. Eusebio Gomez was given 12,000 acres in a land grant in 1815. In
1821, he "started the real estate business on Jupiter Island by selling
8,000 of his acres for \$8,000" (Reed, 1955:12).

Sport fishermen have been present in the Jupiter Island region since the
1800s. Stanley (1988) lists numerous species of fish that were and still
are popular in Jupiter Island. Snook, tarpon, mangrove snapper, and jack
crevalle were some of the most desired fish. Later, with the advancement
of boat technology, species in the Gulf Stream, such as sailfish,
dolphin, wahoo, and King mackerel became popular catches of the local
fishermen.

Two events of the late 1920s decreased some of the fishing in the area.
A hurricane struck Lake Okeechobee in 1928. The devastation it caused
led to the Okeechobee Flood Control Project. The project created high
levels of silt and mud around Jupiter Island, causing a severe decline
in the snapper and grouper populations, "two of the most sought after
food fish" (Stanley, 1988:20). However, this did not diminish the appeal
of sport fishing. J.D. Bassett moved from Virginia to Palm Beach in
1925. He was one of the most avid fishermen in Jupiter. "He made the
trip to and from Palm Beach so often that the captain of his boat said,
'Mr. Bassett, you come up here almost every day. Why don't you just move
up here'" (Stanley, 1988:28). Bassett was not the only person drawn to
Jupiter's waters.

Many of the fishermen in Jupiter practice catch and release. "In
February 1986, three Palm Beach-based sportfishing boats caught and
released 72 sailfish in a span of five hours five miles east of the
Jupiter Island Beach Club" (Stanley, 1988:21). Many of those who enjoy
fishing Jupiter Island today are said to be descended from those
families that have been fishing the area for decades.

Jupiter has seen fairly steady population growth with its 2000
population reaching 39,314. The labor force has remained fairly constant
with just over 60 percent of the population participating. Unemployment
has also remained low at 3.3 percent for both 1990 and 2000. Average
wage and salary have risen to a high of \$54, 945 and the number of
persons living under the poverty level has also climbed to a high of
1885 in 2000. The number of people working in farm, fish and forestry
occupations and industry reached a peak in 1990 but has since declined
dramatically in 2000. Jupiter has 77 vessels homeported with federal
permits as shown in Table 5.9.3.1 and most of them have coastal pelagic
permits with 20 holding snapper grouper class 1 permits. There is some
fishing related employment according to Table 5.9.3.2 with 40 persons
employed in the marinas sector and 16 in fish and seafood.

#### Population

Table 5.9.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for Jupiter,
Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**
  Category**                                                         

  Total Persons                     .          9868       24986      39314

  Persons Age 0-5                   .          655        1847       2619

  Persons Age 6-15                  .          1233       2568       4579

  Persons Age 16-17                 .          284        478        908

  Persons Age 18-24                 .          1160       1677       2018

  Persons Age 25-34                 .          1849       4609       4540

  Persons Age 35-44                 .          1115       4396       6868

  Persons Age 45-54                 .          902        2328       5939

  Persons Age 55-64                 .          994        2763       4469

  Persons Age 65+                   .          1533       4320       7374
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

####  

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.9.2.2. Housing Tenure for Jupiter, Florida 1990-2000. (Source:
U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      28.2       19.2

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      71.8       80.8
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.9.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for Jupiter, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      7270       8997

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      7191       18257
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.9.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for Jupiter, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              66.0       61.7

  Percent unemployed                                  3.3        3.3
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Race

Table 5.9.2.5. Race for Jupiter, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census
Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data
Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                          **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                     .          90         242        461

  Latino Black Persons              .          2          24         19

  Latino Persons                    .          128        668        2881

  White Persons                     .          9698       24550      35152

  Latino White Persons              .          114        617        2155
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.9.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for Jupiter, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau &
MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center &
National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                     **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education        .          517        494        1153

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education       .          1014       1826       2003

  25+ w/ HS diploma                 .          2712       5498       7725

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education     .          1164       4083       7407

  25+ w/ College Degree             .          986        5020       13165

  Drop outs                         .          88         72         133
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Income and Poverty

Table 5.9.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for Jupiter, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census
Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data
Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary     .          \$19706    \$45280    \$54945
  Income (dollars)                                                   

  **Poverty Level**                                                  

  Persons Below Poverty Level       .          506        1450       1885

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level       .          69         259        340

  Households with Public Assistance .          111        194        109
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Industry

Table 5.9.2.8. Employment by Industry for Jupiter, Florida 1970-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database.
Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining      .          96         286        45

  Construction                      .          727        1095       1386

  Business Services                 .          186        705        1686

  Communication/Utilities           .          196        494        896

  Manufacturing                     .          866        1733       1389

  Financial, Insurance & Real       .          782        1471       1738
  Estate                                                             

  Services                          .          542        1487       9725

  Wholesale/Retail Trade            .          760        4321       4334

  Transportation                    .          882        2962       594
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.9.2.9. Employment by Occupation for Jupiter, Florida 1970-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database.
Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                    **1970**   **1980**          **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                             .          536        2299              \-

  Clerical                          .          8230       1758              \-

  Craft                             .          919        1303              \-

  Exec/Managerial                   .          461        1898              \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                  .          118        226               58

  Household Services                .          6          46                \-

  Laborer/Handler                   .          201        207               \-

  Operative/Transport               .          184        289               \-

  Service, except Household         .          579        1764              \-

  Technical                         .          96         535               \-
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ----------

###  

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.9.3.1. Number of Federal Permit by Type for Jupiter, Florida
(Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             66         52         75         77

  Commercial King Mackerel            43         46         64         61

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         41         43         57         53

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            15         13         17         15

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        13         6          9          17
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        6          4          5          7
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             2          19         20         20

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             2          8          10         8

  Swordfish                           10         0          0          0

  Shark                               20         3          3          4

  Rock Shrimp                         0          2          1          2

  Federal Dealers                     0          0          0          0
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.9.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for Jupiter,
Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    **Number Employed**

  Fishing                        114100           6

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           0

  Boat Building                  336612           0

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           15

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           0

  Marinas                        713930           40

  Total Fishing Employment                        61
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[Community Profiles -- Palm Beach, FL]{.underline}

Palm Beach was originally known as Lake Worth. The name was changed to
Palm Beach in the 1900s, when a man from Philadelphia noticed the
coconut palm trees growing near the lake. In 1878, a ship named the
"Providencia" was sailing from South America back to Barcelona with a
shipment of coconuts. The ship wrecked on the beach and hundreds "of the
coconuts washed ashore, embedded themselves in the sandy beaches, and
sprouted into young trees" (Spencer, 1975:19).

Life for the early settlers was difficult. The only lumber available to
build their homes was from wood washed ashore from shipwrecks. Residents
of Palm Beach had to sail north to Titusville for supplies, such as
flour, meal, and other staples (Spencer, 1975). Most of the original
settlers, prior to 1900, were from Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, Iowa, and
Wisconsin. A.O. Lang, a German horticulturist and one of the first
residents of Palm Beach, planted numerous citrus fruit trees, such as
limes, lemons, oranges, and pineapples (First Federal Savings and Loan
Association of Lake Worth, 1967).

Citrus groves were not the only source of food and income for the
residents of Palm Beach. Fish were plentiful for the early settlers. The
importance of fish dates back to the Native Americans who once inhabited
the land. They partook in shark-fishing, using the teeth for cutting,
the vertebrae as ornaments, and the rest for meat. Shellfish were an
important part of the Indians diet as well (McGoun, 1998).

The western part of Palm Beach County was known for its catfish
industry. The arrival of Henry Flagler's Florida East Coast Railroad
assisted in increasing the profitability of the catfish industry in Palm
Beach, making it easier to ship the fish northward (McGoun, 1998).
However, during WWII, fishermen were not only retrieving fish from the
waters. West Palm Beach was an embarkation point for the Air Force
bomber crews. German submarines would sit offshore and sink US military
vessels. "In the early days of the war, local fishermen would go out and
pick up survivors from these ill-fated ships" (First Federal Savings and
Loan Association of Lake Worth, 1967).

The Frontier days of 1873 to 1893, pioneers called the area from Jupiter
to Hypoluxo the "Lake Worth Region" and traveled by boat from one
homestead to another. H.F. Hammon was the first to claim a homestead in
the area that is now Palm Beach. E.N. "Cap" Dimick was the most
influential settler by being the first hotelier in Palm Beach and the
first Mayor! Most of his family had settled in the area by 1876 and his
descendants still remain.

Palm Beach has seen relatively slight population growth over the past
two decades. It has a low percentage of its population in the labor
force with only 31 percent and Unemployment is low at 3.3 percent.
Average wage and salary is extremely high at \$94,562 and the number of
people living below the poverty line has remained fairly constant at
551. The number of persons working in farm, fish, and forestry
occupation and industry has dropped considerably since 1990 as is the
case for most coastal communities. Table 5.10.3.1 indicates there are 23
vessels with federal permits and about half of them are holding coastal
pelagic permits. There is relatively little fishing related employment
according to Table 5.10.3.2 with only 3 in the fishing sector and 3 in
marinas.

### *Population*

Table 5.10.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for Palm
Beach, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN
Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National
Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**
  Category**                                                         

  Total Persons                     .          9729       9814       10374

  Persons Age 0-5                   .          115        222        302

  Persons Age 6-15                  .          505        357        644

  Persons Age 16-17                 .          168        115        78

  Persons Age 18-24                 .          347        253        121

  Persons Age 25-34                 .          575        527        456

  Persons Age 35-44                 .          623        917        744

  Persons Age 45-54                 .          1148       812        1131

  Persons Age 55-64                 .          1682       1443       1414

  Persons Age 65+                   .          4530       5168       5484
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.10.2.2. Housing Tenure for Palm Beach, Florida 1990-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      22.5       16.1

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      77.5       83.9
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.10.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for Palm Beach, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      1763       1826

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      5853       6236
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.10.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for Palm Beach, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              35.2       31.6

  Percent unemployed                                  3.5        3.3
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Race

Table 5.10.2.5. Race for Palm Beach, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                          **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                     .          64         52         262

  Latino Black Persons              .          7          6          7

  Latino Persons                    .          272        266        268

  White Persons                     .          9640       9456       9817

  Latino White Persons              .          254        249        232
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.10.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for Palm Beach, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau &
MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center &
National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                     **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education        .          381        148        62

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education       .          503        360        319

  25+ w/ HS diploma                 .          2235       1736       1276

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education     .          2209       2293       2093

  25+ w/ College Degree             .          3230       3827       5461

  Drop outs                         .          13         0          18
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Income and Poverty

Table 5.10.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for Palm Beach, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census
Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data
Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary     .          \$29092    \$78972    \$94562
  Income (dollars)                                                   

  **Poverty Level**                                                  

  Persons Below Poverty Level       .          484        577        551

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level       .          155        215        161

  Households with Public Assistance .          133        125        10
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Industry

Table 5.10.2.8. Employment by Industry for Palm Beach, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining      .          47         16         18

  Construction                      .          100        121        86

  Business Services                 .          185        142        469

  Communication/Utilities           .          21         11         80

  Manufacturing                     .          188        222        133

  Financial, Insurance & Real       .          100        97         807
  Estate                                                             

  Services                          .          657        824        956

  Wholesale/Retail Trade            .          984        1261       558

  Transportation                    .          627        596        26
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.10.2.9. Employment by Occupation for Palm Beach, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                    **1970**   **1980**         **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                             .          659        785              \-

  Clerical                          .          3060       200              \-

  Craft                             .          96         117              \-

  Exec/Managerial                   .          823        815              \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                  .          10         11               0

  Household Services                .          235        157              \-

  Laborer/Handler                   .          43         16               \-

  Operative/Transport               .          46         15               \-

  Service, except Household         .          537        361              \-

  Technical                         .          40         46               \-
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---------- ----------

###  

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.10.3.1. Number of Federal Permit by Type for Palm Beach,
Florida (Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             23         12         17         23

  Commercial King Mackerel            15         10         14         17

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         16         11         14         16

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            6          1          0          1

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        4          0          0          2
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        3          0          0          1
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             1          6          5          6

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             0          3          4          5

  Swordfish                           2          0          0          0

  Shark                               6          0          1          0

  Rock Shrimp                         0          0          0          0

  Federal Dealers                     0          0          0          0
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.10.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for Palm Beach,
Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    Number Employed

  Fishing                        114100           3

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           0

  Boat Building                  336612           0

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           0

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           0

  Marinas                        713930           3

  Total Fishing Employment                        6
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[Community Profiles -- Boca Raton, FL]{.underline}

The area of current day Boca Raton was inhabited by Native Americans for
nearly 1,000 years before the arrival of the Spanish. The original name
given to the area by the Spanish explorers was "Boca de Ratones." In
nautical terms, "boca" denotes an inlet. Some of the translations
include, "haulage inlet," "inlet of mice," "inlet of sharp-pointed
rocks," and "inlet of cowardly thieves." "Rata," not "raton" is the
Spanish word for rat (Ashton, 1984).

Captain Thomas Moore Rickards, Sr. of Missouri was one of the first
people who wanted to settle the area of Boca Raton. He arrived in
Florida in 1876 and became a citrus farmer in Candler. The freeze of
1894-5 forced him farther south to Lake Boca Raton. A year later, the
tracks for Henry Flagler's East Coast Railroad were laid in Boca Raton,
allowing for easier, faster shipping and more convenient modes of
transportation. By the beginning of the 1900s, Boca Raton "came into
existence as a little agricultural center of orchards and farms"
(Ashton, 1984:3).

In 1904, a Japanese immigrant, Joseph Sakai, established a Japanese
farming community of pineapple farmers in Boca Raton. He named the area
Yamato.[^22]

The land boom of the 1920s and the arrival of famous architect Addison
Mizner helped Boca Raton gain the image it still retains today as that
of a luxurious resort town. He had already helped build up Palm Beach
and was now aiding in the development of the areas to its south (Ashton,
1984).

Boca Raton has experienced fairly steady population growth reaching
75,594 in 2000. Unemployment has risen slightly in 2000 from 1990 but
the percentage of the population in the labor force has remained around
59 percent. The average wage and salary is high being above \$60,000 yet
the number of persons living below the poverty level has grown steadily
since 1970. The number of persons employed in farm, fish and forestry
occupations and industry dropped dramatically in 2000 from a high in
1990. There are 8 vessels with federal permits listed in Table 5.11.3.1
but there are no federal dealers in Boca Raton. As far as fishing
related employment there are 21 people listed in the fish and seafood
sector according to Table 5.11.3.2.

#### Population

Table 5.11.2.1. Total Persons and Persons by Age category for Boca
Raton, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN
Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National
Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Total Persons and Age           **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**
  Category**                                                         

  Total Persons                     28542      49505      61491      75594

  Persons Age 0-5                   1443       1650       3573       4282

  Persons Age 6-15                  4321       5681       5589       8325

  Persons Age 16-17                 701        1668       1334       1566

  Persons Age 18-24                 2901       5249       5241       6284

  Persons Age 25-34                 2709       5943       9418       7859

  Persons Age 35-44                 2794       5654       9377       9536

  Persons Age 45-54                 2835       5173       7155       11508

  Persons Age 55-64                 3900       6313       6592       8564

  Persons Age 65+                   6622       11789      13212      15016
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Housing Tenure

Table 5.11.2.2. Housing Tenure for Boca Raton, Florida 1990-2000.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Percent Renter Occupied**                         **1990**   **2000**

                                                      25.6       24.3

  **Percent Owner Occupied**                          **1990**   **2000**

                                                      74.4       75.7
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

####  

#### Residence in 1985 and 1995

Table 5.11.2.3. Residence in 1985 and 1995 for Boca Raton, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Different House Same County**                     **1990**   **2000**

                                                      11678      15372

  **Same House**                                      **1990**   **2000**

                                                      26473      35856
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Employment/Unemployment

Table 5.11.2.4 Employment and Unemployment for Boca Raton, Florida
1990-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau).

  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------
  **Persons 16 yrs and over**                         **1990**   **2000**

  Percent in labor force                              60.1       59.1

  Percent unemployed                                  3.3        5.8
  ------------------------------- -------- ---------- ---------- -----------

#### Race

Table 5.11.2.5. Race for Boca Raton, Florida 1970-2000. (Source U.S.
Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population
Data Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Race**                          **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Black Persons                     730        992        1734       2725

  Latino Black Persons              0          22         31         85

  Latino Persons                    690        2167       3378       6359

  White Persons                     27781      47930      58008      62925

  Latino White Persons              690        2047       2880       4926
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Education

Table 5.11.2.6. Years of Education by Category for those 25 Years and
Older for Boca Raton, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau &
MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data Center &
National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Education**                     **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  25+ w/ 0-8 years education        2464       2493       1672       1436

  25+ w/ 9-11 years education       2591       2982       3615       3988

  25+ w/ HS diploma                 6051       11947      10984      12037

  25+ w/ 13-15 years. education     3720       7748       10352      12509

  25+ w/ College Degree             4034       9702       15952      29350

  Drop outs                         144        320        94         351
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

####  

#### Income and Poverty

Table 5.11.2.7. Average Household Wage/Salary and Persons Below the
Poverty Level for Boca Raton, Florida 1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census
Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic Database. Louisiana Population Data
Center & National Marine Fisheries Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Wage or Salary**                **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Average Household Wage/Salary     \$11409    \$24986    \$54959    \$60248
  Income (dollars)                                                   

  **Poverty Level**                                                  

  Persons Below Poverty Level       1763       2458       3282       4886

  Age 65+ Below Poverty Level       399        530        541        716

  Households with Public Assistance 120        517        592        389
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Industry

Table 5.11.2.8. Employment by Industry for Boca Raton, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Industry**                      **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Agriculture, Fishing, Mining      148        437        731        60

  Construction                      764        1775       1889       1875

  Business Services                 313        1334       1384       3854

  Communication/Utilities           223        583        768        1845

  Manufacturing                     1726       2803       2429       2205

  Financial, Insurance & Real       1565       2168       1605       4648
  Estate                                                             

  Services                          812        2552       4014       16276

  Wholesale/Retail Trade            3537       4486       10629      8583

  Transportation                    1784       4864       8070       821
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

#### Occupation

Table 5.11.2.9. Employment by Occupation for Boca Raton, Florida
1970-2000. (Source: U.S. Census Bureau & MARFIN Sociodemographic
Database. Louisiana Population Data Center & National Marine Fisheries
Service).

  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Occupation**                    **1970**   **1980**   **1990**   **2000**

  Sales                             965        3613       6048       \-

  Clerical                          1754       31030      4074       \-

  Craft                             1012       2226       2183       \-

  Exec/Managerial                   1339       3370       5692       \-

  Farm/Fish/Forest                  51         395        477        43

  Household Services                193        158        251        \-

  Laborer/Handler                   280        402        516        \-

  Operative/Transport               310        541        376        \-

  Service, except Household         1242       2906       3518       \-

  Technical                         150        834        1203       \-
  --------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

###  

### *Fishing Demographics*

**Table 5.11.3.1. Number of Federal Permit by Type for Boca Raton,
Florida (Source: NMFS 2002)**

  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
  **Type of Permit**                  **1998**   **1999**   **2000**   **2001**

  Total permitted vessels             7          2          4          8

  Commercial King Mackerel            3          2          3          5

  Commercial Spanish Mackerel         3          2          1          2

  Commercial Spiny Lobster            1          1          1          1

  Charter/Headboat for Coastal        2          0          1          4
  Pelagics                                                             

  Charter/Headboat for Snapper        2          1          1          2
  Grouper                                                              

  Snapper Grouper Class 1             0          0          0          1

  Snapper Grouper Class 2             0          2          2          3

  Swordfish                           2          0          0          0

  Shark                               2          0          0          0

  Rock Shrimp                         0          0          0          0

  Federal Dealers                     0          0          0          0
  ----------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

Table 5.11.3.2. Employment in Fishing Related Industry for Boca Raton,
Florida (Zip code Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau 1998)

  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------
  **Category**                   **NAIC Code**    **Number Employed**

  Fishing                        114100           3

  Seafood Canning                311711           0

  Seafood Processing             311712           0

  Boat Building                  336612           0

  Fish and Seafoods              422460           21

  Fish and Seafood Markets       445220           6

  Marinas                        713930           9

  Total Fishing Employment                        39
  ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------

[\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--]{.underline}

## *Florida Fishing Infrastructure and Community Characterization*

The following tables provide a general view of the presence or absence
of fishing infrastructure located within the coastal communities of
Florida with substantial fishing activity. It should be noted that there
are many other attributes that might have been included in this table,
however, because of inconsistency in rapid appraisal for all
communities, these items were selected as the most consistently reported
or had secondary data available to determine presence or absence. It
should also be noted that in some cases certain infrastructure may exist
within a community but was not readily apparent or could not be
ascertained through secondary data. Table 5.17.1 offers an overview of
the presence of the selected infrastructure items and provides an
overall total score which is merely the total of infrastructure present.

Table 5.17.1. Fishing Infrastructure Table for Florida Potential Fishing
Communities

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 23%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 9%" />
<col style="width: 10%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>Community</strong></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p><strong>Federal Commercial Permits (5+)</strong></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p><strong>State Commercial Licenses (10+)</strong></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p><strong>Federal Charter Permits (5+)</strong></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p><strong>Seafood Landings</strong></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p><strong>Seafood retail markets</strong></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p><strong>Fish processors, Wholesale fish house</strong></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p><strong>Recreational docks / marinas</strong></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p><strong>Recreational Fishing Tournaments</strong></p>
</blockquote></td>
<td><strong>Total</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Atlantic Beach</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Big Pine Key</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Boca Raton</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Cape Canaveral</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Fernandina Beach</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Fort Pierce</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Islamorada</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Jupiter</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Key Largo</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Key West</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Marathon</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Merritt Island</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Palm Beach</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Ponce Inlet</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Sebastian</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>St. Augustine</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>+</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

In attempting a preliminary characterization of potential fishing
communities in Table 5.17.2, we have provided a grouping of communities
that appear to have more involvement in various fishing enterprises and
therefore are classified as primarily involved. These communities have
considerable fishing infrastructure, but also have a history and culture
surrounding both commercial and recreational fishing that contributes to
an appearance and perception of being a fishing community in the mind of
residents and others. The communities are not ranked in any particular
order, this is merely a categorization.

Table 5.17.2 Preliminary Characterization of Potential Fishing
Communities in Florida

  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
  **Primarily-Involved**              **Secondarily-Involved**

  Fernandina Beach                    Atlantic Beach

  Fort Pierce                         Boca Raton

  Islamorada                          Palm Beach

  Jupiter                             

  Key Largo                           

  Key West                            

  Marathon                            

  Fernandina Beach                    

  Fort Pierce                         

  Islamorada                          

                                      

                                      
  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------

Many of these communities are in transition due to various social and
demographic changes from coastal development, growing populations,
increasing tourism, changing regulations, etc. This preliminary
characterization is just that and should not be considered a definite
designation as fishing community, but a general guide for locating
communities that may warrant consideration as a potential fishing
community.

[^1]: <http://www.stjohns.k12.fl.us/history/history.html>

[^2]: <http://www.ci.st-augustine.fl.us/visitors/history_fullprint.html>

[^3]: <http://www.fl-seafood.com/water/places/fernidina.htm>

[^4]: <http://dhr.dos.state.fl.us/maritime/ports/port.cfm?name=St_Augustine>

[^5]: <http://www.stjohns.k12.fl.us/history/history.html>

[^6]: <http://www.ci.st-augustine.fl.us/visitors/history_fullprint.html>

[^7]: <http://www.fl-seafood.com/water/places/fernidina.htm>

[^8]: <http://dhr.dos.state.fl.us/maritime/ports/port.cfm?name=St_Augustine>

[^9]: <http://www.spaceline.org/capehistory/1a.html>

[^10]: <http://www.spaceline.org/capehistory/1a.html>

[^11]: <http://fcn.state.fl.us/cape/LocalArea.html>

[^12]: <http://www.portcanaveral.org/business>

[^13]: <http://www.sebastian.fl.us/chamber>

[^14]: <http://www.tcrweb.com/einrcir1.html>

[^15]: <http://sebastian.fl.us/chamber/recreation.htm>

[^16]: [www.rootsweb.com/\~flstluci/slchistory.htm](http://www.rootsweb.com/~flstluci/slchistory.htm)

[^17]: <http://plato.stlucie.k12.fl.us/html/ft._pierce.html>

[^18]: [www.cityoffortpierce.com/fp000.html](http://www.cityoffortpierce.com/fp000.html)

[^19]: [www.flausa.com/destinations/location.php/location=ci-fpi](http://www.flausa.com/destinations/location.php/location=ci-fpi)

[^20]: <http://www.visitstluciefla.com/marinas.html>

[^21]: <http://www.jupiterfl.org/history.htm>

[^22]: <http://www.ci.boca-raton.fl.us/econ/history.cfm>