Required Report - public distribution

**Date:** 8/13/2004

**GAIN Report Number:** TH4088

TH4088

**Thailand**

**Poultry and Products**

**Annual**

**2004**

**Approved by:**

![](media/image1.wmf)Russ Nicely, Acting Agricultural Counselor

U.S. Embassy, Bangkok

**Prepared by:**

Sakchai Preechajarn, Agricultural Specialist

**Report Highlights:**

The broiler industry is anticipated to grow slightly in 2005 after being
hit by High Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) disease in 2004. As a
result, exports and domestic consumption of broiler meat in 2005 will
fall far short of the record high levels reached in 2003.

Includes PSD Changes: Yes

Includes Trade Matrix: Yes

Unscheduled Report

Bangkok \[TH1\]

\[TH\]

# 

# 

[Section I: Situation and Outlook 3](#section-i-situation-and-outlook)

[Section II: Statistical Tables 4](#section-ii-statistical-tables)

[Table 1: Thailand's PS&D Table for Poultry, Meat, Chicken -- 16 wks.
4](#table-1-thailands-psd-table-for-poultry-meat-chicken-16-wks.)

[Table 2: Wholesale Prices for Live Broilers in Bangkok
5](#table-2-wholesale-prices-for-live-broilers-in-bangkok)

[Table 3: Retail Prices for Skinless Boneless Broiler Meat in Bangkok
6](#table-3-retail-prices-for-skinless-boneless-broiler-meat-in-bangkok)

[Table 4: Thailand's Chicken Meat Exports in 2003 (Jan-Dec)
7](#table-4-thailands-chicken-meat-exports-in-2003-jan-dec)

[Table 5: The Comparison of Chicken Meat Exports in 2003 and 2004
(Jan-May)
8](#table-5-the-comparison-of-chicken-meat-exports-in-2003-and-2004-jan-may)

[Section III: Supply and Demand, Policy & Marketing
9](#section-iii-supply-and-demand-policy-marketing)

[Production 9](#production)

[Consumption 11](#consumption)

[Trade 11](#trade)

[Stocks 12](#stocks)

[Policy 12](#policy)

[Opportunities for U.S. Exporters 13](#opportunities-for-u.s.-exporters)

[Appendix A 14](#appendix-a)

[Appendix B 18](#appendix-b)

#   {#section-2 .unnumbered}

# Section I: Situation and Outlook

The Thai broiler production in 2005 is forecast to grow by 3 percent
(950,000 tons) after a significant reduction in 2004. The slow growth is
caused by the avian influenza disease and in the resulting international
trade bans on the Thai broiler industry.

A recent reoccurrence of High Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in July
2004 warns that the disease may become endemic to Thailand. If the
disease problem continues, international markets will close their doors
to Thai frozen uncooked chicken meat for at least one or two years,
posing a serious threat to some small or medium scale processing plants,
which focus on producing uncooked poultry meat.

Average live broiler production costs in 2005 are forecast to decrease
due to a likelihood of less expensive feed ingredients (especially
soybean meal and corn) and anticipated improvements in overall disease
control and surveillance.

After a sharp drop in domestic consumption in 2004, broiler meat
consumption in 2005 is forecast to recover by 4-5 percent to 670,000
tons. Anticipated high stock levels (especially leg parts) will depress
retail prices and stimulate demand. In addition, the implementation of
improved disease controls should rebuild consumer confidence in the
safety of chicken meat to some extent.

Thai broiler meat exports should grow by 10-20 percent in 2005 to about
300,000 tons, but this level still falls far short (by 245,000 tons) of
record exports in 2003 (545,000 tons). Growth in 2005 is likely in line
with increased cooked meat production. Trade sources foresee that total
exports of 300,000 tons should belong to cooked products only because a
likelihood of continued import suspension on uncooked chicken meat by
the governments of importing countries.

# Section II: Statistical Tables

## 

## Table 1: Thailand's PS&D Table for Poultry, Meat, Chicken -- 16 wks.

## ![](media/image2.wmf){width="5.997222222222222in" height="5.007638888888889in"} 

## Table 2: Wholesale Prices for Live Broilers in Bangkok

![](media/image3.wmf){width="3.2465277777777777in"
height="4.1097222222222225in"} Source: Department of Internal Trade,
Ministry of Commerce

## Table 3: Retail Prices for Skinless Boneless Broiler Meat in Bangkok

![](media/image4.wmf){width="3.2465277777777777in"
height="4.1097222222222225in"} Source: Department of Internal Trade,
Ministry of Commerce

## Table 4: Thailand's Chicken Meat Exports in 2003 (Jan-Dec)

## ![](media/image5.wmf){width="5.995138888888889in" height="5.434722222222222in"}  {#section-5 .unnumbered}

## Table 5: The Comparison of Chicken Meat Exports in 2003 and 2004 (Jan-May)

# ![](media/image6.wmf){width="5.992361111111111in" height="4.656944444444444in"} 

# Section III: Supply and Demand, Policy & Marketing

## Production

The Thai broiler production in 2005 is forecast to grow by 3 percent
(950,000 tons) after a significant reduction in 2004. The slow growth is
caused by the avian influenza disease and in international trade bans
based on Thai broiler industry.

A recent reoccurrence of High Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in July
2004 warns that the disease may become endemic to Thailand. If the
disease problem continues, international markets will close their doors
to Thai frozen uncooked chicken meat for at least one or two years,
posing a serious threat to some small or medium scale processing plants,
which focus on producing uncooked poultry meat.

HPAI hit Thailand in 2004. After a much delay, the Royal Thai Government
on January 23, 2004, officially accepted the existence of HPAI in
Thailand and struggled to minimize the damage caused by the disease. The
Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra announced to use all government
resources to resolve the disease problem as the first priority.

A joint ministerial meeting on January 26, 2004, set up four guidelines
to tackle the problem, including:

1.  The Ministry of Agriculture must inspect all poultry farms across
    the country and contain the disease outbreak according to
    established international standards;

2.  The Ministry of Public Health must promptly educate people to better
    understand the situation and build up confidence in the safety of
    public health;

3.  The Ministry of Commerce must promptly conduct negotiations with the
    governments of buying countries which have banned or suspended the
    imports of Thai chicken meat to relieve the export problem; and

4.  The Ministry of Foreign Affairs will host an international meeting
    with ministers or high-level officials from other Asian countries
    and major buying countries (like the EU and Japan) to brainstorm on
    proper measures to cope with poultry disease outbreak.

The Department of Livestock Development (DLD) also outlined its
emergency response for the HPAI outbreak, called a "Stamping-Out"
campaign, in the following steps:

1.  Pre-emptive culling: Once any poultry farm/area is confirmed
    positive for HPAI disease, an area within a 5-kilometer radius from
    an infected farm/premise will be declared a "control zone". All
    chicken and other poultry animals in a control zone will be
    depopulated, followed by disinfection of the area;

2.  Surveillance during the outbreak: The area within 50 kilometers from
    the infected farm/area will be declared a "surveillance zone", that
    is subject to intensive surveillance. All poultry animals in any
    positive farms in this zone will be depopulated and the area will be
    disinfected;

3.  Movement control: Movement of avian species from the area within a
    60-kilometer radius from an infected farm/premise is prohibited for
    at least 60 days;

4.  Public awareness campaign: Information, recommendations and
    guidelines are distributed to facilitate cooperation and create
    better understanding from industry and community;

5.  Post-outbreak operations: After eliminating the last known
    contaminated poultry population, the DLD will launch operations of
    tracing and monitoring as a surveillance process:

> A\) Tracing: After repopulation of the affected areas, surveillance
> will be carried out for 5 months to confirm disease-free status of
> that area;
>
> B\) Monitoring: After disease-free status is assured, the DLD will
> conduct both active and passive surveillance for HPAI to obtain
> epidemiological information for future prevention and control.

The Thai Department of Livestock recently reported that the cumulative
figures of the first HPAI outbreak in Thailand from January 23 to July
2, 2004 were 190 cases in 89 Districts of 42 Provinces. The affected
population included native chickens (58.5%), layers (12.4%), broilers
(11.9%), ducks (6.7%), quails (4.7%), turkeys (1.6%), peacocks (1.0%),
geese (0.5%) and others (2.6%). There were 12 human cases with 8 deaths
during HPAI outbreak (H5N1 subtype) in February and March 2004. The
official review on the first HPAI outbreak in Thailand is presented in
Appendix A.

According to the DLD, it was claimed that none of HPAI cases was found
during April-May 2004. After the reoccurrence of HPAI was rumored in
late June, the DLD announced on July 3 its finding of a suspicious case
in a layer farm in Ayudhaya Province. The DLD reported that, from July
3- 26, 2004, there were 108 suspected findings while only 50 cases were
confirmed in 18 Provinces. About 206,000 poultry birds and 35,000 quail
eggs were destroyed in this period. The official review on the
re-occurrence of HPAI outbreak is presented in Appendix B.

HPAI is forcing the broiler industry and the Thai government to consider
using vaccination as a tool to control or eradicate the disease.
However, there is no consensus. The use of vaccine can deteriorate the
export situation if the buying countries deny Thai poultry meat for
entry -- both uncooked and cooked products.

Average live broiler production costs in 2005 are forecast to reduce to
some extent due mainly to the likelihood of less expensive feed
ingredients (especially soybean meal and corn) and anticipated
improvements in overall disease control and surveillance.

Production costs of live broiler in 2004 are estimated to soar by 15-20
percent as a result of increased feed costs and a high damage from HPAI.
In line with the global market situation, prices for both soybean meal
and corn in the first half of 2004 (Jan-Jun) increased equally by 33
percent from the same period in 2003 to 14.39 baht/kg (approx. US\$
360/ton) and 6.22 baht/kg (US\$ 156/ton), respectively. It is also
estimated that costs of day-old chick for integrated operations also
increased sharply by 20-30 in the first half of 2004 due to HPAI
problems. The disease destroyed 2-3 million birds of the parent broiler
stock during the first outbreak in early 2004, and forced all integrated
processors to scale down their chick production across the board.

The current cost in July 2004 is about 32-33 baht/kg (about 0.36-0.37
U.S. cents/pound), which is derived from day-old chicks (6 baht), feed
(22 baht), vaccination and drugs (0.80 baht), labor (2.50 baht), and
other costs (0.70 baht), respectively.

## Consumption

After a sharp drop in domestic consumption in 2004, broiler meat
consumption in 2005 is forecast to recover by 4-5 percent from the 2004
level to 670,000 tons. Anticipated high stock levels (especially leg
parts) will depress retail prices and stimulate demand. In addition, the
implementation of improved disease controls should rebuild consumer
confidence in the safety of chicken meat to some extent.

Broiler meat consumption in 2004 is estimated to reduce sharply by 20-30
percent due mainly to the HPAI outbreak and a lack of confidence in the
safety of chicken meat and eggs. Many consumers, who believed that the
government covered up the disease outbreak, stopped meat and egg
consumption in the first few weeks of the initial outbreak, helping to
force the government to accept the disease existence. Both the
government and the private sector conducted a nation-wide campaign to
lure consumers back to chicken meat and egg consumption through
give-away campaigns, heavy public relations, and price discounting
campaigns. Nevertheless, these campaigns have not normalized
consumption. The latest reoccurrence of HPAI in many provinces is
disturbing consumption again, but to a lesser extent than the first
outbreak.

Domestic prices for live broilers are currently at 25-26 baht/kg (29-30
cents/pound), as opposed to 34-35 baht/kg (39-40 cents/pound) in July
2003. Retail prices for chicken boneless breast meat in Bangkok are
62-63 baht/kg (70-72 cents/pound), as opposed to 69-70 baht/kg (78-80
cents/pound) in July 2003. Trade sources reported that prices for
bone-in-leg reduced sharply to 20-25 baht/kg (23-28 cents/pound)
reflecting the high stocks of these chicken parts.

## Trade

Thai broiler meat exports should grow by 10-20 percent in 2005 to about
300,000 tons, but this level still falls far short of record exports in
2003 (545,000 tons). A growth in 2005 is likely to occur with increased
production of cooked meat. Trade sources foresee that these total
exports (300,000 tons) should belong to cooked products only because a
likelihood of continued import suspension on uncooked chicken meat by
the governments of importing countries.

Broiler meat exports are estimated to drop by 50-55 percent in 2004 from
the record 2003 level as exports of uncooked chicken products
disappeared after the Thai announcement of the HPAI outbreak on January
23, 2004. All importing countries reacted immediately by imposing import
suspensions on chicken meat from Thailand -- both uncooked and cooked
products. In addition, some importing countries returned about 15,000
tons of pipeline products that were on the water or in ports to
Thailand. The Thai government rushed into negotiations with these buying
countries, including the EU, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, etc, and was
able to get the ban on cooked products lifted.

The trade disruption by importing countries heavily troubled all
integrated broiler producers. First, a few large integrated operations
have recently completed full plant and farming capacity integration.
Second, most small and medium scale operations had not focused on cooked
products before the crisis. A ban on uncooked products forced these
operations to switch to cooked products, but a lack of capital and
product skills limit this effort. Third, all producers are forced to
compete fiercely in selling cooked products while overseas demand for
cooked products, especially high valued items, grows slowly. As a result
of these struggles, frozen chicken meat stocks piled up sharply in the
first half of the year.

As Thailand is not exporting uncooked chicken products, there are no
export price quotations on basic uncooked items such as boneless leg
(BL) and Skinless Boneless Breast (SBB) from Thailand. C&F price
quotations for cooked products are in a wide range of US\$
3,000-4,500/ton.

## Stocks

# 

#  Current stocks held by all poultry meat exporters are about 150-160,000 tons. This stock level fall further to about 120,000 tons due to a production scale-down and heavy sales of leg parts into the domestic market. 

# 

## Policy

Thailand does not conduct price support and export subsidy programs.
Because of the HPAI outbreak, the Royal Thai Government (RTG) launched
several measures in order to cope with the disease and to support the
poultry industry, from farmers to integrated poultry processors. These
measures include:

1\. HPAI Stamping-Out Campaign on poultry farms/areas (described
earlier):

2.  Compensation Scheme: On January 27, The Thai Cabinet agreed to
    approve a budget of 2.99 billion baht (approx. US\$ 767 million) to
    assist the poultry industry, which will be mainly used as
    compensation for animal depopulation. For example, layer farmers
    will be compensated at 40 baht/bird (about US\$ 1.00/bird), plus
    provided a 18-week-old layer, for any layer hen destroyed for
    disease control. Broiler farmers will be compensated at 20 baht/bird
    (about US\$ 0.50/bird), plus provided a 22-day-old broiler. The
    Government will cooperate with banks lending money to poultry
    farmers by compensating interest (only on loans used for poultry
    farming) on behalf of borrowing farmers for 6 months and extending
    the repayment period by 6 months. The Government will arrange
    low-interest-rate loans for farmers who want to improve their farm
    facilities from traditional open-aired barns to modern closed
    evaporative cooling system barns

> To July 2004, the government has paid compensation of 2.999 billion
> baht (approx. US\$ 75 million) to affected farmers regarding the
> stamping-out policy through supplying poultry or breeding stock,
> suspending their institutional debt payment, providing soft loan
> provision, and other types of assistance. The Cabinet recently
> allocated an additional budget of 2.824 billion baht (US\$ 71 million)
> to the DLD for further rehabilitation aiming at improving farming
> bio-security management and administering a new poultry industry
> zoning system.

3.  Fee Exemption: The Cabinet also agreed on January 27 to help chicken
    slaughterhouses by suspending all relevant factory fees for 5 years;
    and

4.  Help Outreach to Unemployed Workers/Operators: The Labor Ministry is
    authorized to provide assistance to unemployed workers who are
    affected by the bird flu crisis through efforts to work with
    employers in retaining their laborers, and by providing assistance
    in training and job seeking.

Thailand is a protected poultry market through the government's use of
non-transparent controls of the import permit requirement (potential
importers are unable to have them issued), high WTO bound rates of
import tariff (currently 30 percent for chilled or frozen uncooked meat
and 40 percent for cooked chicken meat), and a discriminatory import
permit fee on uncooked products (approx. US\$ 250/ton).

As a result of import control practices, the U.S. can only supply
commodities that do not compete with domestic production, such as
broiler breeding stocks and turkey meat, to Thailand. However, Thailand
has taken other steps that disrupt the trade flow by reacting
stringently to the findings of Avian Influenza cases in the United
States. The Department of Livestock Development (DLD) imposed on
February 12, 2004, import suspension on live poultry and poultry
carcasses, cooked or uncooked, from the United States.

FAS/Bangkok, in cooperation with APHIS, has requested the Thai
government to lift the ban or accept a regionalization concept to allow
U.S. live poultry and poultry products for entry into Thailand. The Thai
authorities disagreed with the proposed regionaliztion idea by claming
that they also receive the same reactions from their buying countries
with regard to the emergence of the HPAI outbreak in Thailand. However,
the Thai authorities recently agreed to accept U.S. cooked products for
entry. FAS/Bangkok is asking them to provide official confirmation in
writing.

## Opportunities for U.S. Exporters

Thailand is a U.S. potential market for chicken meat, including frozen
chicken parts (especially leg quarters), mechanically de-boned meat
(MDM), and value-added chicken meat (see details in TH3103). In fact,
the current existence of HPAI outbreak in Thailand should increase
market opportunities for U.S. poultry meats in Thailand.

# Appendix A

![](media/image7.png){width="1.7493055555555554in" height="1.55625in"}

**A Brief on**

**Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI)**

**H5N1 Subtype Outbreaks in Thailand (23^rd^ January- 2^nd^ July 2004)**

**Initial HPAI Outbreaks and Control Measures**

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) of H5N1 subtype was firstly
diagnosed in Thailand by the laboratory confirmation on 23^rd^ January
2004. Chronologically owing to the Office International des Epizooties
(OIE) reports, the disease might be widely spread among Southeast Asian
countries for some time before recognition i.e. in Indonesia, Vietnam,
then, Thailand, Cambodia and Lao PDR.

The highly pathogenic avian influenza is one among 33 notifiable
diseases in Thailand. The Department of Livestock Development (DLD) has
routinely been conducting active and passive surveillance for the
disease since 1997 after outbreaks in Hong Kong, SAR, PR China. All
results revealed negative until the disease was confirmed in January
2004. Upon recognition, the DLD seriously implemented stringent and
drastic measures in order to contain the outbreaks and to eventually
eradicate the disease in the shortest period of time. The whole series
of processes on disease control measures have been employed in
accordance with the Office International des Epizooties (OIE)
Terrestrial Animal Health Code. The national contingency plans on avian
influenza of other countries having experiences with the disease were
also observed. The implemented measures included the followings.

\- Stamping-out all susceptible poultry and disposal of carcasses, their
products, eggs, feedstuffs, beddings, wastes and manures from the
infected farms including those contiguous farms within a radius of 5 km
by burning or bury *in situ*. As the tangible results, about 30 million
birds were destroyed over the past 5 months that the last case was on
24^th^ May 2004.

\- Disinfection of poultry houses, all equipment and vehicles of the
infected holdings, including of those promises within a radius of 5 kms.
In that, the DLD provided effective and suitable disinfectants for the
virus to these affected farms through the Provincial Livestock Offices
as well as sparing some stock to be available at the Regional Bureaus of
Animal Health and Sanitation throughout the country.

\- Quarantine the infected farms including those within the areas of 5
kms radius. Other stringent sanitary and biosecurity measures were
compulsarily applied at the infected premises and those farms within
that 5-km radius too.

\- At the preliminary stage, animal movements were managed by the DLD
veterinary inspectors in corporation with the local police and/or
military task force to control the surrounding areas within a radius of
50 kms from the infected premises. A total of 65 checkpoints were set up
for the purpose at the time.

\- All poultry productions from such areas were prohibited for
exportation during the 90 days after the stamping-out. However, after
the 30 days period some of them could be used for local consumption
only.

\- The DLD promptly conducted an active surveillance nationwide to
search for the HPAI cases or those potential in every single village.
The activity was conducted in 3 phases during late January to March
2004. The serological samples and cloacal swabs sampling were collected
from all epidemiological risk groups at 10 % prevalence and to provide
95 % confidence interval according to the OIE Guidelines. The standard
tests in accordance with the OIE Manual were performed by the DLD
veterinary laboratories (i.e. National Institute of Aniaml Health in
Bangkok and the 7 Regional Veterinary Research and Development Centres
throughout Thailand). A total of about 100,000 samples were collected
and tested over the periods. Additionally, some virus isolates were
submitted to a Reference Laboratory in Hong Kong for further genome
sequencing as well as to the EU Reference laboratory in the United
Kingdom and to the National Institute of Animal Health in Japan also.
These have been the commitments of the DLD to Thailand poultry trading
partners.

\- The HPAI "case definition" was established at the very beginning
stage for early detection of any HPAI potential cases during the initial
outbreaks. The "case definition" criterion has further been revised for
improving its sensitivity for better clinical observation and more
effectively detection later in the post-active outbreak phase.

\- The public awareness campaign has been continuously launched to the
public for general disease knowledge, in particular to the consumers for
their confidence in poultry and the products safety.

\- The DLD has expanded and strengthened its coordination networking to
all parties concerned in the country, not only to the public sectors
such as the Ministry of Public Health, Universities and Veterinary
Faculties or Provincial Governors etc. but also to the private sectors
and Associations involving poultry raising, farming and food industries
for achieving their active participation with regular and immediate
cooperation on the disease matters.

\- The DLD has participated in coordination and cooperation with
international organizations i.e. OIE, FAO, JICA, WHO and other National
Veterinary Authorities regarding the regional HPAI outbreaks through
exchanges of information, consultations, meetings, conferences, training
courses including visits by several experts which were overwhelmingly
and harmonisely conducted over the period of time.

\- Other accessory measures like the ["Big Cleaning-up
week"]{.underline} was launched in order to encourage relevant parties
to be aware of the disease as well as to cleanse their premises such as
in poultry houses, farm equipment and vehicles or poultry
slaughterhouses and all facilities. There were also
["Prohibitions"]{.underline} of poultry exhibition or any contests and
cock fighting during the first quarter of 2004.

\- Biosecurity measures that necessary for poultry raising and farming
are being enhanced and induced to farmers, smallholders and villagers
through trainings and distribution of pamphlets or leaflets or suitable
media at all time. The purpost is to educate them for prevention of any
disease occurences.

\- There was also an improvement of the traditional table egg collecting
system that has continuously been attempted and encouraged to the layer
farmers, egg collectors, middlemen or dealers to market retailers by all
means.

\- Poultry restocking could be resumed at least 21 days plus (another 39
or 69 days extra to ensure the infective agent free status and as a
precautionary measure) after the stamping-out of that infected or
suspicious poultry holdings, provided that the farms have meet the DLD
currently revised sanitary standard requirements.

\- To present, the Thai government is still having a very strong policy
that none of any avian influenza vaccines shall be allowed for use in
poultry for any purpose of disease prevention or eradication in the
country. However, the issue is rather controversial among parties
concerned though the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives in
corporation with the Ministry of Public Health have had definite
standing point in this matter.

**Conclusion**

In the first HPAI case in January to the beginning of July 2004, the
outbreaks were in peak within only a week at the end of January that 161
cases were diagnosed by laboratory findings in the initial surveillance.
The cases were discovered in 71 Districts of 40 Provinces. Later in the
second intensive surveillance in February, other 18 positive cases were
sporadically disclosed in the previously affected areas with one new
province i.e. Roi-et. During the third surveillance by clinical
observation in March, there were 11 cases suspected and confirmed by
laboratory diagnosis with one new infected province i.e Ayudthaya.

The accumulative figures of the first HPAI outbreaks in Thailand in
January to 2 July 2004 were 190 cases in 89 Districts of 42 Provinces.
The affected population included native chickens (58.5%), layers
(12.4%), broilers (11.9%), ducks (6.7%), quails (4.7%), turkeys (1.6%),
peacocks (1.0%), geese (0.5%) and others including not reported species
(2.6%, those were ostriches and felidae i.e. domestic cats, a white
tiger and a clouded leopard in captivity due to feeding with
non-suitable cooked meal or fresh infected poultry carcasses by
epidemiological investigation on the most probable sources of infection.

There were 12 human cases with 8 deaths during HPAI outbreaks of H5N1
subtype in February and March 2004.

To present, the government has been paying compensation about Baht
2,999.2 million to affected farmers regarding the stamping-out policy.
These farmers are to be supported by all means in order to resume their
career e.g supply of poultry or breeding stock, suspending their
institutional debt payment, soft loan provision etc. The DLD has
recently been allocated an additional budget of Baht 2,824 million from
the government for further rehabilitation aiming at improving farming
biosecurity management and administration of poultry industry zoning
system.

The DLD submitted the first Thailand Emergency and 17 Follow-up Reports
to the OIE from the index case in late January up to midst May 2004 for
190 positive cases. Nonetheless on 24^th^ May, the DLD submitted the
second Emergency and another 5 Follow-up Reports for the single HPAI or
190^th^ case in Chiangmai Province (i.e. Training Station of the Faculty
of Agriculture, Chiangmai University, where there were a variety of 2048
poultry affected that 1575 in-contacts were destroyed) to the OIE and
even more numbers of the reports to our poultry trading partners as
committed.

> Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1)
>
> Affected Provinces and Districts in Thailand
>
> (Initial outbreaks during 23^rd^ January -- 2^nd^ July 2004)

-   Suphanburi -2

-   Kanchanaburi -3

-   Kampangpetch -4

-   Chainat -2

-   Nakornpathom -1

-   Pichit -2

-   Pitsanuloke -5

-   Ratchaburi -2

-   Singhburi -4

-   Sukhothai -2

-   Angthong -1

-   Uttaradit -4

-   Uthaithani -3

-   Bangkok -2

-   Kalasin -1

-   Konkean -1

-   Lampang -1

-   Lampoon -1

-   Sakolnakorn -1

-   Nongkhai -4

```{=html}
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```
-   Chaiyabhume -3

-   Nakornnayok -1

-   Petchaboon -2

-   Samutprakarn -2

-   Samutsakorn -1

-   Prachinburi -1

-   Surin -1

-   Chiangrai -1

-   Chiangmai -6

-   Nan -5

-   Sisaket -1

-   Nakornpanom -1

-   Pang nga -3

-   Maehongsorn -1

-   Tak -1

-   Mahasarakham -1

-   Udonthani -1

-   Nakornrachasima -1

-   Petchaburi -3

-   Chonburi -5

-   Lopburi -1

-   Roi-et -1

-   Ayudthaya -- 1

Total (last single case in Chiangmai on 24 May 2004) = 190 Cases in 89
Districts of 42 Provinces

*Source: Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services, Department
of Livestock Development*

# Appendix B

  -------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
  ![](media/image8.png){width="1.25in"   **Avian Influenza Control Operating Centre\
  height="1.2708333333333333in"}         Department of Livestock Development\
                                         69/1 Phaya Thai Road, Ratchadhewee, Bangkok 10400,
                                         Thailand\
                                         Phone : 662-653 4444 http://www.dld.go.th**

  -------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  **Summary on\
  Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI)\
  H5N1 Subtype Re-occurrence in Thailand (3rd January- 26th July 2004)**

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

          The HPAI of H5 subtype was suspected on 3 July 2004 in a layer
farm in Ayudthaya Province and later the virus was confirmed to be the
H5N1, another case in a layer farm in Patumthani was on 7 July, and as
the followings.\
\
           **9 July 2004** : 3 cases in 2 Districts of Sukhothai and one
in Uttaradit Province.\
\
           **12 July 2004** : Total 6 cases, 3 cases in 2 Districts of
Pathumthani, 1 case in each Province of Nakornsawan, Angthong and
Supanburi\
\
           **13 July 2004** : Total 5 cases, 2 cases in 1 previous
Districts of Sukhothai, 1 case in each Province of Angthong, Chiangrai
and Kampangphet.\
\
           **14 July 2004** : Total 4 confirmed cases, 2 cases in 2
Districts of Saraburi, 1 case in Lopburi and another 1 case in a new
District in Pathumthani.\
\
           **15 July 2004** : There was 1 confirmed case in Uthaithani
and 4 pending results in Bangkok (3) and Chiangrai.\
\
           **16 July 2004** : Total 2 confirmed cases in previously
infected District of Pathumthani, new District of Supanburi and 1 case
in new Province of Cholburi.\
\
           **17 July 2004** : There was 1 confirmed case in a layer farm
in a new District of Ayudthaya Province.\
\
           **21 July 2004** : There was 1 confirmed case in the previous
infected area of Nakornsawan.\
\
           **22 July 2004** : There was 1 suspicious case in bantams &
destroyed in Patumthani\
\
           **23 July 2004** : There were 4 suspicions & destroyed in 4
Provinces\
\
           **24 July 2004** : There were other 4 suspicions & destroyed
in 4 Provinces\
\
           **26 July 2004** : To date, there were 108 suspected findings
while only 50 cases were confirmed in 18 Provinces. However, more than
206,026 poultry and 35,000 quail eggs were destroyed. It was based on a
criterion that a discovering of 10% dead poultry in any premises, all
birds, their products and potentially contaminated materials in such
premises shall be get rid of due to the stamping-out policy.\
\
\
           There has been molecular biology evidence that re-occurrence
of the disease caused by the HPAI virus of H5N1 subtype genetically
similar to the first index case found in January 2004. Further
epidemiological investigation is needed in depth, apart from a
preliminary assumption of the current outbreaks caused by the virus that
eluded from eradication measures conducted and still circulated in some
poultry population.\
The DLD is being on a preparation to conduct an active surveillance in
poultry nationwide. The programme is expected to commence at the
beginning of August 2004 in order to evaluate the actual HPAI status in
Thailand.

          The Thai government is maintaining a strong policy on no avian
influenza vaccines shall be allowed for use in poultry. The issue is
rather strong controversial among parties concerned. The Ministry of
Agriculture and Cooperatives and the Ministry of Public Health have had
clear and consensus standing point in this regard.\
In conclusion, the re-occurrence of the HPAI, where the index case was
in Ayudthaya and discovered on 3 July 2004, the third Emergency and
Weekly Follow-up reports were submitted to the OIE and again more
numbers to Thailand poultry trading partners, there were 50 cases which
made up to the total of 240 cases from the definitely first case in
January 2004 to 26th July 2004.

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  **Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1)\
  Affected Provinces and Districts in Thailand\
  (Re-occurring outbreaks from 3rd -- 26th July 2004)**

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

  -------- --- ----------------------------------------------------------
           •   Ayudthaya -2

           •   Patumthani -4

           •   Sukhothai -2

           •   Uttaradit -1

           •   Nakornsawan-2

           •   Angthong -2

           •   Supanburi-2

           •   Kampangphet-1

           •   Chiangrai-1

           •   Lopburi-1

           •   Saraburi-2

           •   Uthaithani -1

           •   Cholburi-1

           •   Bangkok-3

           •   Nonthaburi-2

           •   NongKhai-2

           •   Konkean-1

           •   Pitsanuloke-1
  -------- --- ----------------------------------------------------------

Total (First index case in Ayudhaya on 3 July 2004) = 50 Cases in 31
Districts of 18 Provinces (15.00 hr)

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  *Source: Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services, Department
  of Livestock Development*

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

End of Report