**Rare Species of the Connecticut River Watershed**

(from the Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Wildlife Refuge Final Action
Plan and Environmental Impact Statement, October, 1995, U. S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, Hadley, MA)

Watershed rarity ranking summary.

  ---------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ --------
  Species Group    E      T      C2     W1     W2     W3     W4     Totals

  Plants           3      1      4      98     51     39     105    301

  Invertebrates    1      1      7      33     16     5      9      72

  Fish             1      0      0      4      2      0      4      11^1^

  Amphibians       0      0      0      0      1      2      1      4

  Reptiles         0      0      1      1      0      1      7      10

  Birds            2      1      4      6      11     17     15     56^2^

  Mammals          0      0      2      1      1      1      3      8

  Totals           7      3      18     143    82     65     144    462

  ^1^ This does                                                     
  not include five                                                  
  anadromous fish                                                   
  of \"management                                                   
  concern\" which                                                   
  are the                                                           
  responsibility                                                    
  of the Fish and                                                   
  Wildlife Service                                                  
  because they are                                                  
  migratory.                                                        

  ^2^ This does                                                     
  not include                                                       
  three birds of                                                    
  \"management                                                      
  concern\" to the                                                  
  Fish and                                                          
  Wildlife Service                                                  
  due to their                                                      
  small and/or                                                      
  declining                                                         
  population                                                        
  status in the                                                     
  Northeast                                                         
  (Schneider and                                                    
  Pence, 1992).                                                     
  Their are also                                                    
  an additional 98                                                  
  neotropical                                                       
  migrant bird                                                      
  species that                                                      
  warrant                                                           
  attention                                                         
  because of the                                                    
  widespread                                                        
  general decline                                                   
  of the majority                                                   
  of neotropicals.                                                  
  These will also                                                   
  be considered in                                                  
  efforts to                                                        
  preserve the                                                      
  watershed\'s                                                      
  biodiversity.                                                     

  E ‑ the species                                                   
  is listed as                                                      
  endangered under                                                  
  the federal                                                       
  Endangered                                                        
  Species Act of                                                    
  1973.                                                             

  T ‑ the species                                                   
  is listed as                                                      
  threatened under                                                  
  the federal                                                       
  Endangered                                                        
  Species Act of                                                    
  1973.                                                             

  C2 ‑ the species                                                  
  is being                                                          
  considered for                                                    
  listing under                                                     
  the federal                                                       
  Endangered                                                        
  Species Act of                                                    
  1973. The 2                                                       
  indicates that                                                    
  there is                                                          
  currently                                                         
  evidence of                                                       
  vulnerability                                                     
  but more                                                          
  research needs                                                    
  to be done                                                        
  before the                                                        
  species could be                                                  
  listed.                                                           

  W1 ‑ a rare                                                       
  species, with 20                                                  
  or fewer known                                                    
  occurrences in                                                    
  the watershed                                                     
  states.                                                           

  W2 ‑ a rare                                                       
  species, with 21                                                  
  to 100 known                                                      
  occurrences in                                                    
  the watershed                                                     
  states.                                                           

  W3 ‑ an uncommon                                                  
  species, usually                                                  
  with 100 to 400                                                   
  occurrences in                                                    
  the watershed                                                     
  states.                                                           

  W4 ‑ the species                                                  
  is common in one                                                  
  of the four                                                       
  watershed                                                         
  states, but rare                                                  
  or not present                                                    
  in the remaining                                                  
  states.                                                           
  ---------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ --------

**Watershed rarity ranks for species of special emphasis**

Key to Status Codes:

E: the species is listed as endangered under the federal Endangered
Species Act of 1973.

T: the species is listed as threatened under the federal Endangered
Species Act of 1973.

C1: the species is a candidate for listing under the federal Endangered
Species Act of 1973. The 1 indicates that enough information exists to
support a proposal for listing.

C2: the species is a candidate for listing under the federal Endangered
Species Act of 1973. The 2 indicates that there is currently evidence of
vulnerability but more research needs to be done before the species
could be listed.

MC: the species is of management concern to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service due to declining populations in the Northeast.

AF: an anadromous fish; it is the responsibility of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service to conserve and protect these migratory species of
fish.

W1: a rare species, with 20 or fewer known occurrences in the watershed
states.

W2: a rare species, with 21 to 100 known occurrences in the watershed
states.

W3: an uncommon species, usually with 100 to 400 occurrences in the
watershed states.

W4: the species is common in one of the 4 watershed states, but rare or
not present in the remaining states.

Scientific name Common name Status

**Mammals**

*Lasiurus cinereus* Hoary bat W3

*Martes americana* Marten W1

*Microtus chrotorrhinus* Rock vole W4

*Myotis leibii* Small‑footed bat C2 Wl

*Sorex dispar* Long‑tailed shrew W2

*Sorex hoyi* Pygmy shrew W4

*Sylvilagus transitionalis* New England cottontail C2 W2

*Synaptomys cooperi* Southern bog lemming W4

**Birds**

*Accipiter cooperii* Cooper\'s hawk W3

*Accipiter gentilis* Northern goshawk C2 W2

*Ammodramus caudacutus* Sharp‑tailed sparrow W3

*Ammodramus maritimus* Seaside sparrow MC W3

*Ammodramus savannarum* Grasshopper sparrow W2

*Anas crecca* Green‑winged teal W3

*Anas rubripes* American black duck MC

*Anas strepera* Gadwall W2

*Ardea herodias* Great blue heron W3

*Asio flammeus* (wintering pop.) Short‑eared owl (wintering pops) MC W1

*Asio otus* Long‑eared owl W4

*Bartramia longicauda* Upland sandpiper MC W2

*Botaurus lentiginosus* American bittern MC W3

*Buteo lineatus* Red‑shouldered hawk MC

*Caprimulgus vociferus* Whip‑poor‑wll W4

*Casmerodius albus* (breeding pop.) Great egret W4

*Catharus minimus bicknelii* Gray‑cheeked thrush C2 W2

*Catoptrophorus semipalmatus* Willet W2

*Charadrius melodus* Piping plover T W1

*Chordeiles minor* Common nighthawk W4

*Circus cyaneus* Northern harrier MC W2

*Cistothorus platensis* Sedge wren MC W1

*Contopus borealis* Olive‑sided flycatcher MC

*Dendragapus canadensis* Spruce grouse W3

*Dendroica cerulea* Cerulean warbler C2 W2

*Dendroica tigrina* Cape may warbler W3

*Egretta caerulea* Little blue heron W4

*Egretta thula* Snowy egret W4

*Egretta tricolor* Tricolored heron W4

*Empidonax virescens* (breeding pop.) Acadian flycatcher W4

*Euphagus carolinus* Rusty blackbird W3

*Falco peregrinus* Peregrine falcon E W1

*Gallinula chloropus* Common moorhen W2

*Gavia immer* Common loon MC W3

*Haliaeetus leucocephalus* American bald eagle E W1

*Icteria virens* Yellow‑breasted chat W4

*Icterus spurius* Orchard oriole W3

*Ixobrychus exilis* Least bittern MC W2

*Laterallus jamaicensis* Black rail C2 W1

*Melanerpes erythrocephalus* Red‑headed woodpecker W4

*Nyctanassa violacea* Yellow‑crowned night‑heron W4

*Nycticorax nycticorax* Black‑crowned night‑heron W4

*Pandion haliaetus* Osprey W4

*Perisoreus canadensis* Gray jay W3

*Phalacrocorax auritus* (breeding pop.) Double‑crested cormorant W3

*Picoides arcticus* Black‑backed woodpecker W3

*Picoides tridactylus* Three‑toed woodpecker W1

*Podilymbus podiceps* Pied‑billed grebe MC W2

*Pooecetes gramineus* Vesper sparrow W4

*Porzana carolina* Sora W4

*Progne subis* Purple martin W3

*Rallus elegans* King rail W1

*Rallus limicola* Virginia rail W3

*Sterna antillarum* Least tern W1

*Sterna hirundo* Common tern W2

*Tyto alba* Barn owl MC W2

*Vermivora chrysoptera* Golden‑winged warbler MC W2

*Vermivora peregrina* Tennessee warbler W3

*Wilsonia pusilla* (breeding pop.) Wilson\'s warbler W1

**Reptiles**

*Agkistrodon contortrix* Copperhead W3

*Carphophis amoenus* Worm snake W4

*Clemmys guttata* Spotted turtle W4

*Clemmys insculpta* Wood turtle W4

*Crotalus h. horridus* Timber rattlesnake W1

*Elaphe obsoleta* Rat snake W4

*Heterodon platirhinos* Eastern hognose snake W4

*Malaclemys terrapin* Northern diamondback terrapin C2 W2

*Terrapene carolina* Eastern box turtle W4

*Thamnophis sauritus* Eastern ribbon snake W4

**Amphibians**

*Ambystoma jeffersonianum* Jefferson salamander W3

*Ambystoma laterale* (diploid pops.) Blue‑spotted salamander W3

*Ambystoma opacum* Marbled salamander W4

*Scaphiopus h. Holbrooki* Eastern spadefoot toad W2

**Fish**

*Acipenser brevirostrum* Shortnose sturgeon E W1

*Acipenser oxyrhynchus* Atlantic sturgeon AF Wl

*Alosa aestivalis* Blueback herring AF

*Alosa mediocris* Hickory shad AF

*Alosa pseudoharengus* Alewife AF W4

*Alosa sapidissima* American shad AF W4

*Enneacanthus obesus* Banded sunfish W2

*Hybognathus regius* Eastern silvery minnow W1

*Lampetra appendix* American brook lamprey W1

*Morone americana* White perch AF

*Morone saxatilis* Striped bass AF W2

*Osmerus mordax* Rainbow smelt AF

*Petromyzon marinos* Sea lamprey AF

*Phoxinus eos* Northern redbelly dace W4

*Prosopium cylindraceum* Round whitefish W1

*Salmo salar* Atlantic salmon AF W4

**Invertebrates**

*Acronicta lanceolaria* A noctuid moth W2

*Aeshna mutata* Spring blue darner dragonfly W1

*Agrotis stigmosa* A noctuid moth W4

*Alasmidonta heterodon* Dwarf wedge mussel E W1

*Alasmidonta varicosa* Brook floater C2 Wl

*Apharetra purpurea* Blueberry sallow W1

*Apodrepanulatrix liberaria* New jersey tea inchworm W2

*Argyrostrotis quadrifilaris* A lepidopteran W4

*Bemidion quadratulum* Ground carabid beetle W2

*Boyeria grafiana* Ocellated darner W1

*Catocala herodias gerhardt* Gerhard\'s underwing moth W1

*Catocala pretiosa* Precious underwing moth C2 W2

*Catocala sp. 1* Pine woods underwing W3

*Chaetaglaea cerata* A noctuid moth W1

*Cicindela ancocisconensis* Boulder‑beach tiger beetle W1

*Cicindela duodecimguttata* A tiger beetle W4

*Cicindela marginipennis* Cobblestone tiger beetle C2 Wl

*Cicindela puritana* Puritan tiger beetle T W1

*Desmocerus palliatus* Elderberry borer beetle W1

*Elimia virginica* Virginia river snail W1

*Epelis truncataria* A geometer moth W2

*Eubranchipus intricatus* Intricate fairy shrimp W1

*Eucoptocnemis fimbriaris* A noctuid moth W1

*Eulimnadia agassizii* Faxon\'s clam shrimp C2 Wl

*Exyra rolandiana* Pitcher plant moth W3

*Ferrissia walkeri* Cloche ancylid W2

*Fixsenia ontario* Northern hairstreak W1

*Glena cognataria* Blueberry gray W2

*Gomphus borealis* Beaverpond clubtail W3

*Grammia speciosa* Bog tiger moth W2

*Grammia williamsii* William\'s tiger moth W4

*Gyraulus circumstriatus* An aquatic snail W1

*Hemaris gracilis* Slender clearwing W1

*Hemileuca maia* A buck moth W1

*Hesperia leonardos* Leonardus skipper W4

*Hydraecia immanis* Hop vine borer moth W4

*Incisalia henrici* Henry\'s elfin W1

*Incisalia irus* Frosted elfin W2

*Itame sp. 1* Pine barrens itame W1

*Lampsilis cariosa* Yellow tampmussel C2 W1

*Leptodea ochracea* Tidewater mucket W1

*Ligumia nasuta* Eastern pondmussel W3

*Limnadia lenticularis* American clam shrimp C2 Wl

*Lophopodella carteri* A moss animal (bryozoa) W1

*Lycaena epixanthe* Bog copper W4

*Margaritifera margaritifera* Eastern pearl mussel W2

*Metarranthis apiciaria* Barrens metarranthis moth W2

*Mitoura hesseli* Hessel\'s hairstreak W3

*Ophiogomphus carolus* Riffle snaketail W4

*Papaipema appassionata* Pitcher plant borer moth W2

*Papaipema duovata* Goldenrod stem borer W1

*Polycelis remota* Sunderland spring planarian W1

*Polygonia gracilis* Hoary comma W1

*Pomatiopsis lapidaria* Slenderwalker W1

*Rhodoecia aurantiago* Orange swallow moth W2

*Somatochlora elongata* Slender bog skimmer dragonfly W4

*Stagnicola catascopium* Woodland pondsnail W1

*Williamsonia fletcheri* Ebony boghaunter W1

*Williamsonia lintneri* Banded boghaunter C2 W1

*Zale curema* A noctuid moth W2

*Zale sp. 1* Pine barrens zale W2

*Zale submediana* A noctuid moth W2

*Zanclognatha martha* Pine barrens zanclognatha W1

**Plants**

*Acer nigrum* Black maple W3

*Achillea millefolium var. borealis* Northern yarrow W1

*Adlumia fungosa* Climbing fumatory W4

*Agrimonia parviflora* Small‑flowered agrimony W2

*Agrimonia pusescens* Soft groovebur W4

*Agrostis borealis* Northern bentgrass W2

*Allium schoenoprasum var. sibiricum* Siberian chives W2

*Alopecurus aequalis* Short‑awn foxtail W4

*Aplectrum hyemale* Puttyroot W1

*Arabis lyrata* Lyre‑leaf rock‑cress W4

*Arabis missouriensis* Missouri rock‑cress W1

*Arceuthobium pusillum* Dwarf mistletoe W4

*Arctostaphylos alpina* Alpine manzanita W1

*Arenaria glabra* Mountain sandwort W3

*Arenaria macrophylla* Large‑leaved sandwort W2

*Arenaria stricta* Rock sandwort W4

*Arethusa bulbosa* Swamp pink W2

*Arisaema dracontium* Green dragon W3

*Aristida longespica var. geniculata* Spiked needlegrass W4

*Aristida purpurascens* Purple needlegrass W4

*Aristolochia serpentaria* Virginia snakeroot W1

*Artemisia campestris ssp. borealis* Boreal wormwood W2

*Asclepias purpurascens* Purple milkweed W4

*Asclepias variegata* White milkweed W1

*Asclepias verticillata* Whorled milkweed W4

*Asplenium montanum* Mountain spleenwort W1

*Asplenium ruta‑muraria* Wallrue spleenwort W4

*Asplenium viride* Green spleenwort W1

*Aster ciliolatus* Lindley\'s aster W1

*Aster foliaceus* Leafy‑bracted aster W2

*Aster infirmus* Cornel‑leaf aster W1

*Aster prenanthoides* Crooked‑stern aster W2

*Aster tradescantii* Tradescant aster W4

*Astragalus alpinus var. brunetianus* Alpine milk‑vetch W1

*Astragalus robbinsii var. minor* Blake\'s milk‑vetch W1

*Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupii* Jesup\'s milk‑vetch E W1

*Aureolaria pedicularia* Feverweed W1

*Bartonia virginica* Yellow bartonia W3

*Betula minor* Dwarf white birch W1

*Bidens eatonii* Eaton beggar‑ticks W1

*Blephilia ciliata* Downy woodmint W1

*Blephilia hirsuta* Hairy woodmint W1

*Braya humilis* New England rock cress W1

*Calamagrostis canadensis var. robusta* Blue‑joint reedgrass W3

*Calamagrostis lacustris* Pond reedgrass W2

*Calamagrostis pickeringii* Pickering\'s reed bent‑grass W2

*Calamagrostis stricta var. inexpansa* New England northern reedgrass W1

*Calypso bulbosa* Fairy slipper W1

*Calystegia spithamaea* Low bindweed W2

*Cardamine pratensis var. palustris* Cuckoo flower W1

*Cardamine x maxima* Large toothwort W4

*Carex albursina* Minnesota sedge W4

*Carex arcta* Northern clustered sedge W4

*Carex baileyi* Bailey\'s sedge W1

*Carex bigelowii* Bigelow sedge W3

*Carex bushii* Bush\'s sedge W1

*Carex buxbaumii* Brown bog sedge W3

*Carex capillaris* Capillary sedge W1

*Carex castanea* Chestnut‑colored sedge W4

*Carex cumulata* Clustered sedge W4

*Carex davisii* Davis sedge W1

*Carex diandra* Lesser panicled sedge W4

*Carex eburnea* Ebony sedge W4

*Carex exilis* Coast sedge W3

*Carex flaccosperma var. glaucodea* Flaccid sedge W4

*Carex foenea* Dry‑spike sedge W4

*Carex garberi var. bifaria* Garber\'s sedge W1

*Carex grayi* Asa gray sedge W4

*Carex hirsutella* Sedge W3

*Carex hitchcockiana* Hitchcock\'s sedge W3

*Carex lenticularis* Shore sedge W4

*Carex lenticularis var. albimontana* Lens sedge W1

*Carex mesochorea* Midland sedge W1

*Carex michauxiana* Michaux sedge W3

*Carex oligosperma* Few‑seeded sedge W4

*Carex scirpoidea* Bulrush sedge W2

*Carex trichocarpa* Hairy sedge W2

*Carex typhina* Cat‑tail sedge W2

*Carex vaginata* Sheathed sedge W1

*Carex viridula* Little green sedge W3

*Carex viridula var. viridula* Greenish sedge W3

*Carex wiegandii* Wiegand\'s sedge W2

*Castilleja coccinea* Scarlet indian‑paintbrush W1

*Castilleja septentrionalis* Labrador indian‑paintbrush W1

*Cerastium nutans* Nodding chickweed W4

*Chamaecyparis thyoides* Atlantic white cedar W4

*Chenopodium boscianum* Bosc\'s pigweed W1

*Chenopodium rubrum* Coast‑blite goosefoot W4

*Claytonia virginica* Narrow‑leaved spring beauty W4

*Corallorhiza odontorhiza* Autumn coral‑root W4

*Corydalis aurea* Golden corydalis W1

*Corydalis flavula* Yellow corydalis W1

*Crassula aquatica* Water pygmy‑weed W2

*Crotalaria sagittalis* Rattle‑box W4

*Cryptogramma stelleri* Fragile rockbrake W3

*Cynoglossum boreale* Northern wild comfrey W1

*Cyperus houghtonii* Houghton\'s umbrella‑sedge W2

*Cypripedium arietinum* Ram\'s‑head lady\'s‑slipper W2

*Cypripedium parviflorum* Small yellow lady\'s‑slipper W4

*Cypripedium pubescens* Large yellow lady\'s‑slipper W4

*Cypripedium reginae* Showy lady\'s‑slipper W3

*Deschampsia atropurpurea* Mountain hairgrass W1

*Desmodium rotundifolium* Prostrate tick‑trefoil W4

*Diapensia lapponica* Lapland diapensia W3

*Dichanthelium scabriusculum* Panic grass W1

*Diplazium pycnocarpon* Glade fern W4

*Dryopteris filix‑mas* Male fern W1

*Dryopteris fragrans* Fragrant cliff wood‑fern W2

*Dryopteris goldiana* Goldie\'s wood‑fern W4

*Echinodorus tenellus var. parvulus* Burhead W1

*Elatine americana* American water‑wort W4

*Eleocharis equisetoides* Horse‑tail spikerush W1

*Eleocharis obtusa var. ovata* Blunt spike‑rush W4

*Eleocharis pauciflora var. fernaldii* Few‑flowered spike‑rush W2

*Elymus villosus* Hairy wild‑rye W2

*Elymus wiegandii* Wild‑rye W4

*Empetrum atropurpureum* Purple crowberry W1

*Empetrum nigrum* Black crowberry W3

*Equisetum palustre* Marsh horsetail W2

*Equisetum pratense* Meadow horsetail W4

*Equisetum variegatum* Variegated horsetail W4

*Eragrostis capillaris* Lace love‑grass W4

*Eragrostis frankii* Frank\'s love‑grass W3

*Eragrostis hypnoides* Moss love‑grass W4

*Erigeron hyssopifolius* Hyssop‑leaved fleabane W1

*Eriocaulon parkeri* Parker\'s pipewort W1

*Eupatorium aromaticum* Small white snakeroot W1

*Fuirena pumila* Dwarf umbrella‑sedge W4

*Galearis spectabilis* Showy orchis W4

*Gaylussacia dumosa var. bigeloviana* Huckleberry W2

*Gentiana andrewsii* Fringe‑top bottle gentian W4

*Gentianella quinquefolia* Stiff gentian W1

*Geocaulon lividum* Northern comandra W1

*Geranium carolinianum var. carolinianum* Carolina cranesbill W4

*Geum peckii* Mountain avens W1

*Gnaphalium sylvaticum* Woodland cudweed W1

*Hackelia deflexa var. americana* Nodding stickseed W2

*Halenia deflexa* Spurred gentian W1

*Hedyotis longifolia* Longleaf bluet W3

*Hieracium umbellatum* Umbelled hawkweed W1

*Hierochloe alpina* Alpine sweet grass W2

*Hippuris vulgaris* Common mare\'s‑tail *W3*

*Hottonia inflata* Featherfoil W1

*Hydrastis canadensis* Golden seal W1

*Hypericum pyramidatum* Great st. Johnswort W2

*Isoetes eatonii* Eaton\'s quillwort Wl

*Isoetes macrospora* Large‑spored quillwort W4

*Isotria medeoloides* Small whorled pogonia T W1

*Juglans cinerea* Butternut C2 W2

*Juncus militaris* Soldier rush W4

*Juncus trifidus* Highland rush W4

*Juniperus horizontalis* Creeping juniper W1

*Lachnanthes caroliana* Carolina redroot W2

*Leptoloma cognatum* Mountain hair‑grass W4

*Lespedeza repens* Creeping bush‑clover W1

*Liatris borealis* Northern blazing star C2 W2

*Lilaeopsis chinensis* Eastern lilaeopsis W3

*Limosella australis* Aul‑leaf mudwort W4

*Lipocarpha micrantha* Dwarf bulrush W1

*Listera auriculata* Auricled twayblade W1

*Listera convallarioides* Broad‑leaved twayblade W4

*Listera cordata* Heart‑leaved twayblade W4

*Littorella americana* American shore‑grass W1

*Lobelia kalmii* Kalm\'s lobelia W4

*Loiseleuria procumbens* Alpine azalea W2

*Lonicera oblongifolia* Swamp fly‑honeysuckle W1

*Ludwigia polycarpa* Many‑fruited false‑loosestrife W2

*Lupinus perennis* Sundial lupine W3

*Lycopodium selago* Mountain clubmoss W4

*Lygodium palmatum* Climbing or Hartford fern W3

*Malaxis brachypoda* White adder\'s‑mouth W2

*Malaxis unifolia* Green adder\'s‑mouth W2

*Megalodonta beckii* Beck\'s water‑marigold W4

*Milium effusum* Woodland millet W3

*Mimulus alatus* Winged monkey‑flower W1

*Mimulus moschatus* Muskflower W4

*Morus rubra* Red mulberry W1

*Muhlenbergia capillaris* Long‑awn hairgrass W1

*Muhlenbergia tenuiflora* Slender‑flowered muhlenbergia W3

*Myriophyllum alterniflorum* Alternate‑flowered water‑milfoil W3

*Myriophyllum farwellii* Farwell\'s water‑milfoil W2

*Najas guadalupensis* Guadalupe naiad W1

*Nuphar luteum ssp. pumilum* Tiny cow‑lily W4

*Onosmodium virginianum* Virginia false‑gromwell W1

*Ophioglossum pusillum* Adder\'s‑tongue fern W4

*Opuntia humifusa* Eastern prickly pear W2

*Orontium aquaticum* Golden club W2

*Osmorhiza chilensis* Mountain sweet‑cicely W1

*Oxalis violacea* Violet wood‑sorrel W1

*Panax quinquefolius* American ginseng W3

*Panicum amarum* Panic grass W1

*Panicum gattingeri* Gattinger\'s panic‑grass W3

*Paronychia argyrocona var. albimontana* White mountain silverling W2

*Paspalum ciliatifolium* Slender paspalum W4

*Paspalum laeve* Field paspalum W1

*Pedicularis lanceolata* Swamp lousewort W1

*Penstemon hirsutus* Hairy beardtongue W4

*Petasites frigidus var. Palmatus* Sweet coltsfoot W2

*Phyllodoce caerulea* Mountain‑heath W1

*Physostegia virginiana* Lion\'s‑head W4

*Pinguicula vulgaris* Common butterwort W1

*Pinus banksiana* Jack pine W2

*Platanthera blephariglottis* White‑fringed orchid W4

*Platanthera ciliaris* Yellow‑fringed orchis W1

*Platanthera flava var. herbiola* Pale green orchis W2

*Platanthera hookeri* Hooker\'s orchis W4

*Poa languida* Drooping bluegrass W1

*Podostemum ceratophyllum* Threadfoot W3

*Polygala nuttallii* Nuttall milkwort W4

*Polygonum setaceum var. interjectum* Strigose knotweed W2

*Populus heterophylla* Swamp cottonwood W1

*Potamogeton alpinus* Thin‑leaved alpine pondweed W4

*Potamogeton confervoides* Tuckerman\'s pondweed C2 W2

*Potamogeton filiformis var. alpinus* Northern slender pondweed W2

*Potamogeton ogdenii* Ogden\'s pondweed C2 Wl

*Potamogeton vaseyi* Vasey\'s pondweed W2

*Potentilla robbinsiana* Robbin\'s cinquefoil E W1

*Prenanthes serpentaria* Lion\'s foot W1

*Primula mistassinica* Bird\'s‑eye primrose W1

*Prunus americana* American or wild plum W2

*Psilocarya scirpoides* Long‑beaked bald‑rush W3

*Pyrola asarifolia var. purpurea* Bog wintergreen W2

*Quercus coccinea* Scarlet oak W4

*Quercus macrocarpa* Bur oak W4

*Ranunculus micranthus* Tiny‑flowered crowfoot W4

*Ranunculus pennsylvanicus* Bristly crowfoot W4

*Ranunculus sceleratus* Cursed crowfoot W4

*Rhododendron maximum* Great laurel W3

*Rhus aromatica* Fragrant sumac W3

*Rhynchospora capillacea* Capillary beak‑rush W1

*Rhynchospora macrostachya* Tall beaked‑rush W1

*Rosa acicularis* Northern prickly rose W4

*Rotala ramosior* Toothcup W1

*Rubus chamaemorus* Baked apple berry W1

*Rumex verticillatus* Swamp dock W4

*Sagittaria calycina var. spongiosa* Arrow Head W2

*Sagittaria cuneata* Wapatum arrowhead W4

*Sagittaria subulata* River arrowhead W1

*Sagittaria teres* Slender arrowhead W4

*Salix argyrocarpa* Silver willow W1

*Salix cordata var. abrasa* Heart‑shaped willow W1

*Salix exigua* Sandbar willow W3

*Salix herbacea* Dwarf willow W1

*Salix pellita* Satin willow W2

*Salix planifolia* Tea‑leaved willow W2

*Salix uva‑ursi* Bearberry willow W3

*Sanicula trifoliata* Three‑leaved black‑snakeroot W4

*Saururus cernuus* Lizard\'s‑tail W1

*Saxifraga aizoon var. neogaea* Livelong saxifrage W1

*Saxifraga oppositifolia* Purple mountain saxifrage W1

*Scheuchzeria palustris* Podgrass W4

*Scirpus ancistrochaetus* Northeastern bulrush E W1

*Scirpus cylindricus* Salt‑marsh bulrush W1

*Scirpus pendulus* Pendulous bulrush W4

*Scirpus polyphyllus* Many‑leaved bulrush W4

*Scirpus torreyi* Torrey\'s bulrush W4

*Scleria reticularis* Reticulate nut‑rush W4

*Scleria triglomerata* Tall nutsedge W1

*Sedum rosea* Roseroot W1

*Sisyrinchium mucronatum* Slender blue‑eyed grass W4

*Solidago cutleri* Cutter\'s goldenrod W2

*Solidago macrophylla* Large‑leaved goldenrod W4

*Solidago ptarmicoides* Prairie goldenrod W3

*Solidago purshii* Pursh\'s goldenrod W4

*Sorsus decora* Northern mountain‑ash W2

*Sparganium fluctuans* Water bur‑reed W3

*Spergularia canadensis* Canada sand‑spurry W4

*Sphenopholis nitida* Shining wedgegrass W4

*Sphenopholis pennsylvanica* Swamp oats W4

*Spiranthes lucida* Shining lady\'s‑tresses W4

*Spiranthes romanzoffiana* Hooded lady\'s‑tresses W4

*Sporobolus cryptandrus* Sand drop‑seed W4

*Sporobolus heterolepis* Northern dropseed W1

*Sporobolus neglectus* Small drop‑seed W1

*Stachys myssopifolia* Hyssop‑leaf hedge‑nettle W1

*Stachys tenuifolia* Smooth hedge‑nettle W4

*Symphoricarpos albus var. albus* Snowberry W4

*Tofieldia glutinosa* Sticky false asphodel W1

*Trichomanes intricatum* A filmy‑fern W2

*Trichostema brachiatum* False pennyroyal W1

*Triosteum aurantiacum* Coffee tinker\'s‑weed W2

*Triphora trianthophora* Three‑birds orchid W2

*Trisetum spicatum var. molle* Spiked false‑oats W4

*Utricularia resupinata* Northeastern bladderwort W3

*Uvularia grandiflora* Large‑flowered bellwort W4

*Vaccinium boreale* Alpine blueberry W3

*Vaccinium cespitosum* Dwarf bilberry W4

*Vaccinium uliginosum s. pubescens* Bilberry W3

*Vaccinium vitis‑idaea ssp. minus* Mountain cranberry W4

*Valeriana uliginosa* Marsh valerian W1

*Verbena simplex* Narrow‑leaved vervain W4

*Veronicastrum virginicum* Culver\'s‑root W4

*Viburnum edule* Squashberry W4

*Viburnum rafinesquianum* Downy arrowwood W4

*Viola nephrophylla* Northern bog violet W4

*Vitis novae‑angliae* New England grape W4

*Waldsteinia fragarioides* Barren strawberry W4

*Woodsia glabella* Smooth woodsia W1

*Xyris montana* Yellow‑eyed grass W4

*Xyris smalliana* Small\'s yellow‑eyed grass W1

*Zannichellia palustris* Horned pondweed W4