# 15 {#section .Chapter-# .unnumbered}

# Injury and Violence Prevention

#### Injury Prevention

15-1 Nonfatal head injuries

15-2 Nonfatal spinal cord injuries

15-3 Firearm-related deaths

15-4 Proper firearm storage in homes 15-5 Nonfatal firearm-related
injuries

15-6 Child fatality review

15-7 Nonfatal poisonings

15-8 Deaths from poisoning

15-9 Deaths from suffocation

15-10 Emergency department surveillance systems

15-11 Hospital discharge surveillance systems

15-12 Emergency department visits

#### Unintentional Injury Prevention

15-13 Deaths from unintentional injuries

15-14 Nonfatal unintentional injuries

15-15 Deaths from motor vehicle crashes

15-15a Rate per 100,000 population

15-15b Rate per 100 million vehicle miles traveled

15-16 Pedestrian deaths

15-17 Nonfatal motor vehicle injuries

15-18 Nonfatal pedestrian injuries

15-19 Safety belts

15-20 Child restraints

15-21 Motorcycle helmet use

15-22 Graduated driver licensing

15-23 Bicycle helmet use

15-24 Bicycle helmet laws

15-25 Residential fire deaths

15-26 Functioning smoke alarms in residences

15-26a Total population

15-26b Residences

15-27 Deaths from falls

15-28 Hip fractures

15-28a Females aged 65 years and older

15-28b Males aged 65 years and older

15-29 Drownings

15-30 Dog bite injuries

15-31 Injury protection in school sports

#### Violence and Abuse Prevention

15-32 Homicides

15-33 Maltreatment and maltreatment fatalities of children

15-33a Maltreatment

15-33b Maltreatment fatalities

15-34 Physical assault by intimate partners

15-35 Rape or attempted rape

15-36 Sexual assault other than rape

15-37 Physical assaults

15-38 Physical fighting among adolescents

15-39 Weapon carrying by adolescents on school property

### Injury Prevention

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-1. Reduce        |                                                |
| hospitalizations    |                                                |
| for nonfatal head   |                                                |
| injuries.           |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS),     |
| Source**            | CDC, NCHS.                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | State hospital discharge systems.              |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | 9.9 (Unintentional Injuries), age adjusted to  |
| 2000 Objective**    | 2000 standard population.                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 100,000 population (age               |
|                     | adjusted---see Comments).                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 60.6 (1998).                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of hospitalizations for nonfatal head   |
|                     | injuries (principal diagnosis of ICD-9-CM      |
|                     | codes 800-801, 803-804, 850-854, 870-873,      |
|                     | 925).                                          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons.                             |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. civilian population.                      |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Hospital Discharge      |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Final Diagnoses (Including E-code          |
|                     |     diagnoses):                                |
|                     |                                                |
|                     | -   Principal:                                 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | Principal diagnosis is the diagnosis chiefly   |
|                     | responsible for admission of the person to the |
|                     | hospital.                                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | Data are age-adjusted to the 2000 standard     |
|                     | population. Age-adjusted rates are the         |
|                     | weighted sums of age-specific rates. For a     |
|                     | discussion of age adjustment see Part A,       |
|                     | section 5.                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NHDS and       |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-2. Reduce        |                                                |
| hospitalizations    |                                                |
| for nonfatal spinal |                                                |
| cord injuries.      |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS),     |
| Source**            | CDC, NCHS.                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | State hospital discharge systems.              |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | 9.10 (Unintentional Injuries), age adjusted to |
| 2000 Objective**    | 2000 standard population.                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 100,000 population (age               |
|                     | adjusted---see Comments).                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 4.5 (1998).                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of hospitalizations for nonfatal spinal |
|                     | cord injuries (principal diagnosis of ICD-9-CM |
|                     | codes 806, 952).                               |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons.                             |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. civilian population.                      |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Hospital Discharge      |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Final Diagnoses (Including E-code          |
|                     |     diagnoses):                                |
|                     |                                                |
|                     | -   Principal:                                 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | Principal diagnosis is the diagnosis chiefly   |
|                     | responsible for admission of the person to the |
|                     | hospital.                                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | Data are age-adjusted to the 2000 standard     |
|                     | population. Age-adjusted rates are the         |
|                     | weighted sums of age-specific rates. For a     |
|                     | discussion of age adjustment see Part A,       |
|                     | section 5.                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NHDS and       |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-3. Reduce           
  firearm-related        
  deaths.                

  **National Data        National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
  Source**               NCHS.

  **State Data Source**  National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
                         NCHS.

  **Healthy People 2000  7.3 (Violent and Abusive Behavior), age adjusted
  Objective**            to 2000 standard population.

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population (age adjusted---see
                         Comments).

  **Baseline**           11.3 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of firearm-related deaths (ICD-9 codes
                         E922, E955.0-E955.4, E965.0-E965.4, E970,
                         E985.0-E985.4).

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           Data are age-adjusted to the 2000 standard
                         population. Age-adjusted rates are the weighted
                         sums of age-specific rates. For a discussion of
                         age adjustment see Part A, section 5.

                         This objective differs from Healthy People 2000
                         objective 7.3, which adjusted the death rates
                         using the 1940 standard population. See Appendix
                         C for comparison data.

                         See Part C for a description of NVSS and
                         Appendix A for focus area contact information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-4. Reduce the    |                                                |
| proportion of       |                                                |
| persons living in   |                                                |
| homes with firearms |                                                |
| that are loaded and |                                                |
| unlocked.           |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), CDC,  |
| Source**            | NCHS.                                          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System     |
| Source**            | (BRFSS), CDC, NCCDPHP.                         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | 7.11 (Violent and Abusive Behavior), age       |
| 2000 Objective**    | adjusted to 2000 standard population.          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Percent (age adjusted---see Comments).         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 19 (1998).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of persons aged 18 years and older who  |
|                     | report living in homes with firearms loaded    |
|                     | and unlocked.                                  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons aged 18 years and older who  |
|                     | report living in homes with firearms.          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized            |
| Targeted**          | population.                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Health Interview        |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | \[NUMERATOR:\]                                 |
|                     |                                                |
|                     | -   Is at least one of the firearms kept       |
|                     |     unloaded and unlocked?                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | \[DENOMINATOR:\]                               |
|                     |                                                |
|                     | -   Are any firearms now kept in or around     |
|                     |     your home? Include those kept in a garage, |
|                     |     outdoor storage area, truck or car         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Periodic.                                      |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | The questions for this objective are           |
|                     | periodically included in supplements to NHIS.  |
|                     | BRFSS items are collected in rotating modules  |
|                     | (approximately every 3 years).                 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard     |
|                     | population. Age-adjusted percents are weighted |
|                     | sums of age-specific percents. For a           |
|                     | discussion of age adjustment see Part A,       |
|                     | section 5.                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NHIS and BRFSS |
|                     | and Appendix A for focus area contact          |
|                     | information.                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-5. Reduce nonfatal  
  firearm-related        
  injuries.              

  **National Data        National Electronic Injury Surveillance System
  Source**               (NEISS), CPSC.

  **State Data Source**  Not identified.

  **Healthy People 2000  Not applicable.
  Objective**            

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population.

  **Baseline**           24 (1997).

  **Numerator**          Number of nonfatal firearm-related cases treated
                         in U.S. hospital emergency department records.

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Periodic.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           A firearm-related injury is defined as a
                         penetrating injury or gunshot wound from a
                         weapon using a powder charge to fire a
                         projectile.

                         NEISS does not use ICD codes, however, reporters
                         are given extensive training and report any
                         gun-related injury cases in the emergency
                         department record. Victims may also have other
                         types of injuries, but if the incident involved
                         a gun, it is included. Coders also attempt to
                         capture data on intent, when appropriate
                         information is provided in the medical record.

                         See Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-6. (Developmental)  
  Extend State-level     
  child fatality review  
  of deaths due to       
  external causes for    
  children aged 14 years 
  and under.             

  **Comments**           An operational definition could not be specified
                         at the time of publication.

                         The proposed data source is the Inter-Agency
                         Council on Child Abuse and Neglect (ICAN)
                         National Database, FBI Uniform Crime Report,
                         DOJ.

                         See Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-7. Reduce        |                                                |
| nonfatal            |                                                |
| poisonings.         |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care      |
| Source**            | Survey (NHAMCS), NCHS, CDC.                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Adapted from 9.8 (Unintentional Injuries).     |
| 2000 Objective**    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 100,000 population (age               |
|                     | adjusted---see Comments).                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 348.4 (1997).                                  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of emergency room visits for nonfatal   |
|                     | poisonings (first-listed ICD-9-CM codes        |
|                     | E850-E869, E950-E952, E962, E972, E980-E982).  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons.                             |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized            |
| Targeted**          | population.                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1997--98 National Hospital Ambulatory |
| Obtain the National | Medical Care Survey:                           |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Cause of injury. Describe events that      |
|                     |     preceded injury (e.g., reaction to         |
|                     |     penicillin, wasp sting, driver in motor    |
|                     |     vehicle traffic accident involving         |
|                     |     collision with parked vehicle, shot with a |
|                     |     handgun during a brawl, etc.)\             |
|                     |     \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_         |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | Data include all emergency room visits related |
|                     | to poisoning regardless of intent              |
|                     | (intentional, unintentional, and               |
|                     | undetermined).                                 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | This objective differs from Healthy People     |
|                     | 2000 objective 9.8, which used data from       |
|                     | NEISS, CPSC that were not age adjusted.        |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | The NHAMCS uses ICD-9-CM codes assigned to the |
|                     | cause of injury to identify poisoning cases in |
|                     | emergency department records, whereas NEISS    |
|                     | used emergency department admissions related   |
|                     | to a specific list of regulated products that  |
|                     | were classified as poisons. Hence, NEISS data  |
|                     | may have undercounted poisoning admissions.    |
|                     | Additionally, when the list of regulated       |
|                     | products changed, some cases previously        |
|                     | classified as poisonings may have been omitted |
|                     | from the reported rate of poisoning            |
|                     | admissions.                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard     |
|                     | population. Age-adjusted rates are weighted    |
|                     | sums of age-specific rates. For a discussion   |
|                     | of age adjustment see Part A, section 5.       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NHAMCS and     |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-8. Reduce deaths    
  caused by poisonings.  

  **National Data        National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
  Source**               NCHS.

  **State Data Source**  National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
                         NCHS.

  **Healthy People 2000  Not applicable.
  Objective**            

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population (age adjusted---see
                         Comments).

  **Baseline**           6.8 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of poisoning deaths (ICD-9 codes
                         E850-E869, E950-E952, E962, E972, E980-E982).

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard.
                         Age-adjusted rates are weighted sums of
                         age-specific rates. For a discussion on age
                         adjustment see Part A, section 5.

                         See Part C for a description of NVSS and
                         Appendix A for focus area contact information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-9. Reduce deaths    
  caused by suffocation. 

  **National Data        National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
  Source**               NCHS.

  **State Data Source**  National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
                         NCHS.

  **Healthy People 2000  Not applicable.
  Objective**            

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population (age adjusted---see
                         Comments).

  **Baseline**           4.1 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of suffocation deaths (ICD-9 codes
                         E911-E913, E953, E963, E983).

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard.
                         Age-adjusted rates are weighted sums of
                         age-specific rates. For a discussion on age
                         adjustment see Part A, section 5.

                         See Part C for a description of NVSS and
                         Appendix A for focus area contact information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-10. Increase the |                                                |
| number of States    |                                                |
| and the District of |                                                |
| Columbia with       |                                                |
| statewide emergency |                                                |
| department          |                                                |
| surveillance        |                                                |
| systems that        |                                                |
| collect data on     |                                                |
| external\           |                                                |
| causes of injury.   |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | External Cause of Injury Survey, American      |
| Source**            | Public Health Association.                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Not applicable.                                |
| 2000 Objective**    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Number.                                        |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 12 (1998).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of States and the District of Columbia  |
|                     | that "routinely collect" ICD-9-CM external     |
|                     | cause of injury codes in their statewide       |
|                     | hospital emergency department data system.     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Not applicable.                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | Not applicable.                                |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 How States Are Collecting and    |
| Obtain the National | Using Cause of Injury Data Survey:             |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Are ICD-9-CM E-coded data routinely        |
|                     |     collected in the statewide hospital        |
|                     |     emergency department data system?          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Periodic.                                      |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | See Appendix A for focus area contact          |
|                     | information.                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-11. Increase the |                                                |
| number of States    |                                                |
| and the District of |                                                |
| Columbia that       |                                                |
| collect data on     |                                                |
| external causes of  |                                                |
| injury through      |                                                |
| hospital discharge  |                                                |
| data systems.       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | External Cause of Injury Survey, American      |
| Source**            | Public Health Association.                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Not applicable.                                |
| 2000 Objective**    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Number.                                        |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 23 (1998).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of States and the District of Columbia  |
|                     | that "mandate" the use of ICD-9-CM external    |
|                     | cause of injury codes in their statewide       |
|                     | hospital discharge data systems.               |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Not applicable.                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | Not applicable.                                |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 How States Are Collecting and    |
| Obtain the National | Using Cause of Injury Data Survey:             |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Is the collection of ICD-9-CM coded data   |
|                     |     in the statewide hospital discharge data   |
|                     |     system mandated by state law or a ruling   |
|                     |     by another body?                           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Periodic.                                      |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | For this objective, the term "mandate" refers  |
|                     | to a State law or a ruling by another body     |
|                     | (for example, the State hospital association)  |
|                     | that requires hospitals to collect data on     |
|                     | ICD-9-CM external cause of injury codes and    |
|                     | report them to a statewide hospital discharge  |
|                     | data system.                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Appendix A for focus area contact          |
|                     | information.                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-12. Reduce       |                                                |
| hospital emergency  |                                                |
| department visits   |                                                |
| caused by injuries. |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care      |
| Source**            | Survey (NHAMCS), CDC, NCHS.                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Not applicable.                                |
| 2000 Objective**    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 1,000 population (age adjusted---see  |
|                     | Comments).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 131 (1997).                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of emergency department visits due to   |
|                     | injury or poisoning.                           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons.                             |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized            |
| Targeted**          | population.                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1997-98 National Hospital Ambulatory  |
| Obtain the National | Medical Care Survey:                           |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Is this visit related to injury or         |
|                     |     poisoning?                                 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Cause of injury. Describe events that      |
|                     |     preceded injury (e.g., reaction to         |
|                     |     penicillin, wasp sting, driver in motor    |
|                     |     vehicle traffic accident involving         |
|                     |     collision with parked vehicle, shot with a |
|                     |     handgun during a brawl, etc.)\             |
|                     |     \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_         |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Patient's complaint(s), symptoms, or other |
|                     |     reason(s) for this visit.                  |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     1\. Most important                         |
|                     |     \_\_\_\_\_\_\                              |
|                     | _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\ |
|                     |     2. Other                                   |
|                     |     \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\                |
|                     | _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\ |
|                     |     3. Other                                   |
|                     |     \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_                 |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Physician's diagnoses for this visit.      |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     1\. Primary diagnosis                      |
|                     |     \_\_\_\                                    |
|                     | _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\ |
|                     |     2. Other                                   |
|                     |     \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\                |
|                     | _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\ |
|                     |     3. Other                                   |
|                     |     \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_                 |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | An emergency department visit was considered   |
|                     | to be related to injury if "yes" was checked   |
|                     | in the first question above [or]{.underline}   |
|                     | if a cause of injury, a nature of injury       |
|                     | diagnosis, or an injury-related reason for     |
|                     | visit coded to first listed ICD-9-CM codes     |
|                     | E800-E869, E880-E929, E950-E999 was reported   |
|                     | in the response to the other questions above.  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard     |
|                     | population. Age-adjusted rates are weighted    |
|                     | sums of age-specific rates. For a discussion   |
|                     | of age adjustment see Part A, section 5.       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a discussion of NHAMCS and      |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

### Unintentional Injury Prevention

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-13. Reduce deaths   
  caused by              
  unintentional          
  injuries.              

  **National Data        National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
  Source**               NCHS.

  **State Data Source**  National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
                         NCHS.

  **Healthy People 2000  9.1 (Unintentional Injuries), age adjusted to
  Objective**            2000 standard population.

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population (age adjusted---see
                         Comments).

  **Baseline**           35.0 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of deaths caused by unintentional injury
                         (ICD-9 codes E800-E869, E880-E929).

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard.
                         Age-adjusted rates are weighted sums of
                         age-specific rates. For a discussion on age
                         adjustment see Part A, section 5.

                         This objective differs from Healthy People 2000
                         objective 9.1, which adjusted the death rates
                         using the 1940 standard population. See Appendix
                         C for comparison data.

                         See Part C for a description of NVSS and
                         Appendix A for focus area contact information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-14. (Developmental) 
  Reduce nonfatal        
  unintentional          
  injuries.              

  **Comments**           An operational definition could not be specified
                         at the time of publication.

                         This objective is adapted from Healthy People
                         2000 objective 9.2, which used data from the
                         National Hospital Discharge System (NHDS),
                         however, because of the underreporting of
                         E-codes in NHDS, a new data source is needed.

                         Proposed national data sources are the National
                         Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey
                         (NHAMCS), CDC, NCHS, and the National Electronic
                         Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), CPSC.

                         See Part C for a description of NHAMCS and NEISS
                         and Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

15-15. Reduce deaths caused by motor vehicle crashes.

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-15a. Deaths per     
  100,000 population.    

  **National Data        National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
  Source**               NCHS.

  **State Data Source**  National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
                         NCHS.

  **Healthy People 2000  Adapted from 9.3 (Unintentional Injuries).
  Objective**            

  **Leading Health       Injury and Violence.
  Indicator**            

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population (age adjusted---see
                         Comments).

  **Baseline**           15.6 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of unintentional injury traffic deaths
                         (ICD-9 codes E810-E819).

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard
                         population. Age-adjusted rates are weighted sums
                         of age-specific rates. For a discussion on age
                         adjustment see Part A, section 5.

                         This objective differs from Healthy People 2000
                         objective 9.3, in that all data are age-adjusted
                         data from NVSS. Data for objective 9.3 included
                         both age-adjusted data from NVSS and crude rates
                         from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System
                         (FARS). In addition, the age-adjusted rates in
                         objective 9.3 were adjusted to the 1940 standard
                         population. See Appendix C for comparison data.

                         This objective is one of the measures used to
                         track the Injury and Violence Leading Health
                         Indicator. See Appendix H for a complete list.

                         See Part C for a description of NVSS and
                         Appendix A for focus area contact information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-15b. Deaths per 100 
  million vehicle miles  
  traveled (VMT).        

  **National Data        Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), DOT,
  Sources**              NHTSA; Highway Performance Monitoring System,
                         DOT, FHWA.

  **State Data Sources** Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), DOT,
                         NHTSA; Highway Performance Monitoring System,
                         DOT, FHWA.

  **Healthy People 2000  9.3 (Unintentional Injuries).
  Objective**            

  **Measure**            Rate per 100 million vehicle miles traveled
                         (VMT).

  **Baseline**           1.6 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of motor vehicle crash deaths reported in
                         FARS.

  **Denominator**        Total vehicle miles traveled.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           FARS uses multiple data sources, including
                         police reports, death certificates, and others.
                         Race data were not collected in FARS until 1999.
                         These data will be included in the data
                         presentation for this objective when they become
                         available for analysis.

                         The FHWA estimates total vehicle miles traveled
                         using an algorithm that includes gas sales,
                         vehicle registration, vehicle fuel economy data,
                         and other data from the Highway Performance
                         Monitoring System.

                         See Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  15-16. Reduce          
  pedestrian deaths on   
  public roads.          
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  **National Data        Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), DOT,
  Source**               NHTSA.

  **State Data Source**  Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), DOT,
                         NHTSA.

  **Healthy People 2000  9.3f (Unintentional Injuries).
  Objective**            

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population.

  **Baseline**           1.9 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of pedestrian deaths reported in FARS.

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           FARS uses multiple sources, including police
                         reports, death certificates (coded to ICD-9
                         E810-E819), and other sources. FARS data do not
                         include pedestrian deaths on private roadways,
                         such as driveways. Driveways are a common
                         location for pedestrian deaths for pedestrians
                         aged 0-2 years.

                         See Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.

  15-17. Reduce nonfatal 
  injuries caused by     
  motor vehicle crashes. 

  **National Data        General Estimates System (GES), DOT, NHTSA.
  Source**               

  **State Data Source**  Not identified.

  **Healthy People 2000  Not applicable.
  Objective**            

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population.

  **Baseline**           1,181 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of nonfatal motor vehicle crash-related
                         injuries reported in police reports.

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           GES data are from a nationally representative
                         sample of police-reported motor vehicle crashes.
                         To be included, the crash must involve a motor
                         vehicle traveling on a traffic way and involve
                         property damage, injury, or death.

                         See Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

  

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  15-18. Reduce nonfatal 
  pedestrian injuries on 
  public roads.          
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  **National Data        General Estimates System (GES), DOT, NHTSA.
  Source**               

  **State Data Source**  Not identified.

  **Healthy People 2000  Not applicable.
  Objective**            

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population.

  **Baseline**           26 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of nonfatal pedestrian injuries reported
                         in police reports.

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           GES data are from a nationally representative
                         sample of police-reported motor vehicle crashes.
                         To be included, the crash must involve a motor
                         vehicle traveling on a traffic way and involve
                         property damage, injury, or death.

                         See Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-19. Increase use |                                                |
| of safety belts.    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Occupant Protection Use Survey        |
| Source**            | (NOPUS), DOT, NHTSA.                           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | 9.12 (Unintentional Injuries).                 |
| 2000 Objective**    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Percent.                                       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 69 (1998).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of persons observed using restraints.   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons.                             |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. resident population.                      |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | Not applicable.                                |
| Obtain the National |                                                |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Biennial.                                      |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | NOPUS uses observational data collected at     |
|                     | intersections, highway ramps, and parking      |
|                     | lots. Four observers (each responsible for a   |
|                     | different seat in the vehicle) report occupant |
|                     | restraint use.                                 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | The data for students in grades 9 through 12   |
|                     | are tracked separately with the Youth Risk     |
|                     | Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), CDC,     |
|                     | NCCDPHP (see Part C for a discussion of        |
|                     | YRBSS). The numerator for that measure is the  |
|                     | number of students in grades 9 through 12 who  |
|                     | report that they wore a seat belt sometimes,   |
|                     | most of the time, [or]{.underline} always when |
|                     | they were riding in a car. The denominator is  |
|                     | the number of students in grades 9 through 12. |
|                     | The questions from the 1999 Youth Risk         |
|                     | Behavior Survey follow:                        |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   How often do you wear a seat belt when     |
|                     |     riding in a car driven by someone else?    |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     Never Rarely Sometimes Most of the time    |
|                     |     Always                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Appendix A for focus area contact          |
|                     | information.                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-20. Increase use of 
  child restraints.      

  **National Data        National Occupant Protection Use Survey (NOPUS),
  Source**               Controlled Intersection Study, DOT, NHTSA.

  **State Data Source**  Not identified.

  **Healthy People 2000  9.12 (Unintentional Injuries).
  Objective**            

  **Measure**            Percent.

  **Baseline**           92 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of children aged 4 and under observed in
                         safety seats or restraints.

  **Denominator**        Number of children aged 4 years and under.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Biennial.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           NOPUS uses observational data collected at
                         intersections, highway ramps, and parking lots.
                         Four observers (each responsible for a different
                         seat in the vehicle) report occupant restraint
                         use.

                         See Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-21. Increase the |                                                |
| proportion of       |                                                |
| motorcyclists using |                                                |
| helmets.            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Occupant Protection Use Survey        |
| Source**            | (NOPUS), DOT, NHTSA.                           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | 9.13 (Unintentional Injuries).                 |
| 2000 Objective**    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Percent.                                       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 67 (1998).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of motorcyclists observed wearing       |
|                     | helmets.                                       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of motorcycle operators and passengers  |
|                     | observed.                                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | Motorcycle operators and passengers.           |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | Not applicable.                                |
| Obtain the National |                                                |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Biennial.                                      |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | NOPUS uses observational data collected at     |
|                     | intersections, highway ramps, and parking      |
|                     | lots. Four observers (each responsible for a   |
|                     | different seat in cars, two observers for      |
|                     | motorcycles) report occupant helmet use.       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | The data for students in grades 9 through 12   |
|                     | come from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance |
|                     | System (YRBSS), CDC, NCCDPHP (see Part C for a |
|                     | discussion of YRBSS). The numerator for that   |
|                     | measure is the number of students in grades 9  |
|                     | through 12 who report that they sometimes,     |
|                     | most of the time, [or]{.underline} always wore |
|                     | a helmet when riding a motorcycle. The         |
|                     | denominator is the number of students in       |
|                     | grades 9 through 12 who report that they rode  |
|                     | a motorcycle at least once in the past 12      |
|                     | months. The questions from the 1999 Youth Risk |
|                     | Behavior Survey are:                           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   During the past 12 months, how many times  |
|                     |     did you ride a motorcycle?                 |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     0 times\                                   |
|                     |     1 to 10 times\                             |
|                     |     11 to 20 times\                            |
|                     |     21 to 39 times\                            |
|                     |     40 or more times                           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   When you rode a motorcycle during the past |
|                     |     12 months, how often did you wear a        |
|                     |     helmet?                                    |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     I did not ride a motorcycle during the     |
|                     |     past 12 months\                            |
|                     |     Never wore a helmet\                       |
|                     |     Rarely wore a helmet\                      |
|                     |     Sometimes wore a helmet\                   |
|                     |     Most of the time wore a helmet\            |
|                     |     Always wore a helmet                       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Appendix A for focus area contact          |
|                     | information.                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-22. Increase the    
  number of States and   
  the District of        
  Columbia that have     
  adopted a graduated    
  driver licensing model 
  law.                   

  **National Data        U.S. Licensing Systems for Young Drivers,
  Source**               Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.

  **State Data Source**  Not identified.

  **Healthy People 2000  9.26 (Unintentional Injuries).
  Objective**            

  **Measure**            Number.

  **Baseline**           23 (1999).

  **Numerator**          Number of jurisdictions with the core
                         components.

  **Denominator**        Not applicable.

  **Population           Not applicable.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           Core components are noted in the National
                         Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances
                         (NCUTLO) model law and include 6 months in the
                         learner stage and 6 months in the intermediate
                         driving stage with night-driving restrictions.
                         Participants are also required to have no safety
                         belt violations and to be conviction free during
                         the holding periods. Data are compiled by
                         periodic review of laws for the presence of
                         these components.

                         See Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-23. (Developmental) 
  Increase use of        
  helmets by bicyclists. 

  **Comments**           An operational definition could not be specified
                         at the time of publication.

                         Proposed national data sources include CPSC, the
                         Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, and
                         the World Health Organization Study of Health
                         Behavior in School Children.

                         This objective is modified from Healthy People
                         objective 9.13, which used data from the
                         National Occupant Protection Use Survey.

                         See Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-24. Increase the    
  number of States and   
  the District of        
  Columbia with laws     
  requiring bicycle      
  helmets for bicycle    
  riders.                

  **National Data        National Safe Kids Campaign.
  Source**               

  **State Data Source**  Not identified.

  **Healthy People 2000  9.24 (Unintentional Injuries).
  Objective**            

  **Measure**            Number.

  **Baseline**           10 (1999).

  **Numerator**          Number of States and the District of Columbia
                         with bicycle helmet laws.

  **Denominator**        Not applicable.

  **Population           Not applicable.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           This objective differs from Healthy People 2000
                         objective 9.24, in that the laws counted apply
                         to the entire State; objective 9.24 included
                         some data for which only parts of States
                         (counties) were covered.

                         See Appendix A for focus area contact
                         information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-25. Reduce          
  residential fire       
  deaths.                

  **National Data        National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
  Source**               NCHS.

  **State Data Source**  National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
                         NCHS.

  **Healthy People 2000  9.6 (Unintentional Injuries), age adjusted to
  Objective**            2000 standard population.

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population (age adjusted---see
                         Comments).

  **Baseline**           1.2 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of unintentional fire-related injury
                         deaths (ICD-9 codes E890-E899)

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           A small proportion of the deaths reported may
                         have occurred in locations other than
                         residences.

                         Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard.
                         Age-adjusted rates are weighted sums of
                         age-specific rates. For a discussion on age
                         adjustment see Part A, section 5.

                         This objective differs from Healthy People 2000
                         objective 9.6, which adjusted the death rates
                         using the 1940 standard population. See Appendix
                         C for comparison data.

                         See to Part C for a description of NVSS and
                         Appendix A for focus area contact information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

15-26. Increase functioning residential smoke alarms.

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-26a. Total       |                                                |
| population living   |                                                |
| in residences with  |                                                |
| functioning smoke   |                                                |
| alarm on every      |                                                |
| floor.              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), CDC,  |
| Source**            | NCHS.                                          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | 9.17 (Unintentional Injuries), age adjusted to |
| 2000 Objective**    | 2000 standard population.                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Percent (age adjusted---see Comments).         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 88 (1998).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of persons aged 18 years and older who  |
|                     | report living in residences with functional    |
|                     | smoke alarms on each habitable floor.          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons aged 18 years and older.     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized            |
| Targeted**          | population.                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Health Interview        |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Do you have at least one working smoke     |
|                     |     detector on each floor of your home?       |
|                     |     Include a finished basement or attic.      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Periodic.                                      |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | The data for this objective are based on the   |
|                     | response of one adult per household. The       |
|                     | response of the adult household respondent is  |
|                     | applied to all members of the household.       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard     |
|                     | population. Age-adjusted percents are weighted |
|                     | sums of age-specific percents. For a           |
|                     | discussion of age adjustment see Part A,       |
|                     | section 5.                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NHIS and       |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-26b. Residences  |                                                |
| with a functioning  |                                                |
| smoke alarm on      |                                                |
| every floor.        |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), CDC,  |
| Source**            | NCHS.                                          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Adapted from 9.17 (Unintentional Injuries).    |
| 2000 Objective**    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Percent.                                       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 87 (1998).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number households with functional smoke alarms |
|                     | on each habitable floor of their residence.    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of households.                          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized            |
| Targeted**          | population.                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Health Interview        |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Do you have at least one working smoke     |
|                     |     detector on each floor of your home?       |
|                     |     Include a finished basement or attic.      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Periodic.                                      |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | The data for this objective are based on the   |
|                     | response of one adult per household. The       |
|                     | response of the adult household respondent is  |
|                     | considered the response for one "household."   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | This objectives differs from Healthy People    |
|                     | 2000 objective 9.17, which tracked the         |
|                     | proportion of residences with smoke detectors  |
|                     | using data from Rodale Press and CPSC.         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NHIS and       |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-27. Reduce deaths   
  from falls.            

  **National Data        National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
  Source**               NCHS.

  **State Data Source**  National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
                         NCHS.

  **Healthy People 2000  9.4 (Unintentional Injuries), age adjusted to
  Objective**            2000 standard population.

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population (age adjusted---see
                         Comments).

  **Baseline**           4.7 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of unintentional deaths from falls (ICD-9
                         codes E880-E886, E888).

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard
                         population. Age-adjusted rates are weighted sums
                         of age-specific rates. For a discussion on age
                         adjustment see Part A, section 5.

                         This objective differs from Healthy People 2000
                         objective 9.4, which adjusted the death rates
                         using the 1940 standard population. See Appendix
                         C for comparison data.

                         See Part C for a description of NVSS and
                         Appendix A for focus area contact information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

15-28. Reduce hip fractures among older adults.

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-28a. Females     |                                                |
| aged 65 years and   |                                                |
| older.              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS),     |
| Source**            | CDC, NCHS.                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | State hospital discharge systems.              |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | 9.7 (Unintentional Injuries), age adjusted to  |
| 2000 Objective**    | 2000 standard population.                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 100,000 population (age               |
|                     | adjusted---see Comments).                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 1,055.8 (1998).                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of hospitalizations for hip fractures   |
|                     | (principal diagnosis of ICD-9-CM code 820)     |
|                     | among females aged 65 years and older.         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of females aged 65 years and older.     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. civilian population.                      |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Hospital Discharge      |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Final diagnoses (including E-code          |
|                     |     diagnoses):                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Principal:                                 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | Principal diagnosis is the diagnosis chiefly   |
|                     | responsible for admission of the person to the |
|                     | hospital.                                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard     |
|                     | population. Age-adjusted rates are weighted    |
|                     | sums of age-specific rates. For a discussion   |
|                     | of age adjustment see Part A, section 5.       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | This objective differs from Healthy People     |
|                     | 2000 objective 9.7, which measured hip         |
|                     | fractures for the total population and did not |
|                     | have two separate measures for males and       |
|                     | females. In addition, the data for this        |
|                     | objective are age adjusted.                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NHDS and       |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-28b. Males aged  |                                                |
| 65 years and older. |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS),     |
| Source**            | CDC, NCHS.                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | State hospital discharge systems.              |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | 9.7 (Unintentional Injuries), age adjusted to  |
| 2000 Objective**    | 2000 standard population.                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 100,000 population (age               |
|                     | adjusted---see Comments).                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 592.7 (1998).                                  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of hip fractures (principal ICD-9-CM    |
|                     | code 820) among males aged 65 years and older. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of males aged 65 years and older.       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. civilian population.                      |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Hospital Discharge      |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Final diagnoses (including E-code          |
|                     |     diagnoses):                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Principal:                                 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | See Comments provided with objective 8-28a for |
|                     | more information.                              |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-29. Reduce          
  drownings.             

  **National Data        National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
  Source**               NCHS.

  **State Data Source**  National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
                         NCHS.

  **Healthy People 2000  9.5 (Unintentional Injuries), age adjusted to
  Objective**            2000 standard population.

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 (age adjusted---see Comments).

  **Baseline**           1.6 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of drowning deaths (ICD-9 codes E830,
                         E832, E910).

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard.
                         Age-adjusted rates are weighted sums of
                         age-specific rates. For a discussion on age
                         adjustment see Part A, section 5.

                         This objective differs from Healthy People 2000
                         objective 9.5, which adjusted the death rates
                         using the 1940 standard population. See Appendix
                         C for comparison data.

                         See Part C for a description of NVSS and
                         Appendix A for focus area contact information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-30. Reduce       |                                                |
| hospital emergency  |                                                |
| department visits   |                                                |
| for nonfatal dog    |                                                |
| bite injuries.      |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care      |
| Source**            | Survey (NHAMCS), CDC, NCHS.                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Not applicable.                                |
| 2000 Objective**    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 100,000 population (age               |
|                     | adjusted---see Comments).                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 151.4 (1997).                                  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of emergency room visits for dog bite   |
|                     | injuries (first-listed ICD-9-CM codes E906.0). |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons.                             |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized            |
| Targeted**          | population.                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1997--98 National Hospital Ambulatory |
| Obtain the National | Medical Care Survey:                           |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Cause of injury. Describe events that      |
|                     |     preceded injury (e.g., reaction to         |
|                     |     penicillin, wasp sting, driver in motor    |
|                     |     vehicle traffic accident involving         |
|                     |     collision with parked vehicle, shot with a |
|                     |     handgun during a brawl, etc.)\             |
|                     |     \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_         |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
|                     | \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard     |
|                     | population. Age-adjusted percents are weighted |
|                     | sums of age-specific percents. For a           |
|                     | discussion of age adjustment see Part A,       |
|                     | section 5.                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a discussion of NHAMCS and      |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-31.              |                                                |
| (Developmental)     |                                                |
| Increase the        |                                                |
| proportion of       |                                                |
| public and private  |                                                |
| schools that        |                                                |
| require use of      |                                                |
| appropriate head,   |                                                |
| face, eye, and      |                                                |
| mouth protection    |                                                |
| for students        |                                                |
| participating in    |                                                |
| school‑sponsored    |                                                |
| physical            |                                                |
| activities.         |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | An operational definition could not be         |
|                     | specified at the time of publication. The      |
|                     | proposed national data source is the School    |
|                     | Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS),    |
|                     | CDC, NCCDPHP.                                  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | The expected numerator is the number of        |
|                     | schools that require students to wear          |
|                     | appropriate protective gear when engaged in    |
|                     | physical activities during physical education, |
|                     | intramural activities, physical activity       |
|                     | clubs, and interscholastic sports. The         |
|                     | expected denominator is the number of schools  |
|                     | with intramural activities or physical         |
|                     | activity clubs and interscholastic sports.     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | The expected questions to be used to obtain    |
|                     | data from the 2000 School Health Policies and  |
|                     | Programs Study, Physical Education             |
|                     | Questionnaire follow:                          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Must students wear appropriate protective  |
|                     |     gear when engaged in physical activities   |
|                     |     during physical education?                 |
|                     |                                                |
|                     | -   Must students wear appropriate protective  |
|                     |     gear when engaged in intramural activities |
|                     |     or physical activity clubs?                |
|                     |                                                |
|                     | -   Must students wear appropriate protective  |
|                     |     gear when engaged in interscholastic       |
|                     |     sports?                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | This objective is adapted from Healthy People  |
|                     | 2000 objective 9.19 (also 13.16), which was    |
|                     | tracked with proxy data from the National      |
|                     | Healthy Interview Survey (NHIS), CDC, NCHS.    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Appendix A for focus area contact          |
|                     | information.                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

### Violence and Abuse Prevention

  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------
  15-32. Reduce          
  homicides.             

  **National Data        National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
  Source**               NCHS.

  **State Data Source**  National Vital Statistics System (NVSS), CDC,
                         NCHS.

  **Healthy People 2000  7.1 (Violent and Abusive Behavior), age adjusted
  Objective**            to 2000 standard population.

  **Leading Health       Injury and Violence.
  Indicator**            

  **Measure**            Rate per 100,000 population (age adjusted---see
                         Comments).

  **Baseline**           6.5 (1998).

  **Numerator**          Number of deaths due to homicides (ICD-9 codes
                         E960-E969).

  **Denominator**        Number of persons.

  **Population           U.S. resident population.
  Targeted**             

  **Questions Used To    Not applicable.
  Obtain the National    
  Data**                 

  **Expected             Annual.
  Periodicity**          

  **Comments**           Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard
                         population. Age-adjusted rates are weighted sums
                         of age-specific rates. For a discussion on age
                         adjustment see Part A, section 5.

                         This objective differs from Healthy People 2000
                         objective 7.1, which adjusted the death rates
                         using the 1940 standard population. See Appendix
                         C for comparison data.

                         This measure also differs slightly from the
                         cause of death, homicide and legal intervention
                         (ICD-9 E960-E978), which is shown in other
                         publications.**^1,\ 2^**

                         This objective is one of the measures used to
                         track the Injury and Violence Leading Health
                         Indicator. See Appendix H for a complete list.

                         See Part C for a description of NVSS and
                         Appendix A for focus area contact information.
  ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------

  

15-33. Reduce maltreatment and maltreatment fatalities of children.

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-33a. Reduce      |                                                |
| maltreatment of     |                                                |
| children.           |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System   |
| Source**            | (NCANDS), Summary Data Component Survey, ACYF, |
|                     | ACF.                                           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | State data reports of maltreatment from State  |
| Source**            | child welfare agencies.                        |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Adapted from 7.4 (Violent and Abusive          |
| 2000 Objective**    | Behavior).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 1,000 population.                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 12.9 (1998).                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of children aged 18 years and under     |
|                     | found to be victims of maltreatment by State   |
|                     | child welfare agencies.                        |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Children aged 18 years and under.              |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. resident population.                      |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1999 State Data Component Survey:     |
| Obtain the National |                                                |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Enter the number of children by            |
|                     |     disposition who were the subject of a CPS  |
|                     |     investigation or assessment \_\_\_\_\_.    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | Maltreatment is defined as an act or failure   |
|                     | to act by a parent, caretaker, other person,   |
|                     | as defined under State law, which results in   |
|                     | death, serious physical [or]{.underline}       |
|                     | emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation,  |
|                     | or an act or failure to act that presents an   |
|                     | imminent risk of serious harm. State           |
|                     | definitions may include additional criteria.   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | This objective differs from Healthy People     |
|                     | 2000 objective 7.4 in that it is counting      |
|                     | children who have been abused; objective 7.4   |
|                     | counted "reports" of abuse.                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Appendix A for focus area contact          |
|                     | information.                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-33b. Reduce      |                                                |
| child maltreatment  |                                                |
| fatalities.         |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System   |
| Source**            | (NCANDS), Summary Data Component Survey, ACYF, |
|                     | ACF.                                           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | State data reports of maltreatment from State  |
| Source**            | child welfare agencies.                        |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Adapted from 7.4 (Violent and Abusive          |
| 2000 Objective**    | Behavior).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 100,000 population.                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 1.6 (1998).                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of reported child fatalities due to     |
|                     | maltreatment among children aged 18 years and  |
|                     | under.                                         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Children aged 18 years and under.              |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | U.S. resident population.                      |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1999 State Data Component Survey:     |
| Obtain the National |                                                |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Enter the number of child victims who died |
|                     |     as a result of child abuse or neglect      |
|                     |     \_\_\_\_.                                  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | Child fatality due to maltreatment is defined  |
|                     | as the death of a child as a result of abuse   |
|                     | or neglect, because either (a) an injury       |
|                     | resulting from the abuse or neglect of a child |
|                     | was the cause of the death, [or]{.underline}   |
|                     | (b) abuse and/or neglect were contributing     |
|                     | factors to the cause of death. Data on child   |
|                     | fatalities are collected from all States; some |
|                     | State offices of child protective services     |
|                     | work closely with Health Departments or the    |
|                     | coroner's office, whereas others rely more on  |
|                     | their own records, including deaths reported   |
|                     | to them by law enforcement.                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | This objective differs from Healthy People     |
|                     | 2000 objective 7.4 in that it measures         |
|                     | fatalities due to child maltreatment.          |
|                     | Objective 7.4 measured reports of child        |
|                     | maltreatment.                                  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Appendix A for focus area contact          |
|                     | information.                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-34. Reduce the   |                                                |
| rate of physical    |                                                |
| assault by current  |                                                |
| or former intimate  |                                                |
| partners.           |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS),    |
| Source**            | DOJ, BJS.                                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Adapted from 7.5 (Violent and Abusive          |
| 2000 Objective**    | Behavior).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 1,000 population.                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 4.4 (1998).                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of persons aged 12 years and older who  |
|                     | report being threatened or assaulted by        |
|                     | current or former spouse, boyfriend, or        |
|                     | girlfriend.                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons aged 12 years and older.     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | Noninstitutionalized population.               |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Crime Victimization     |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Other than any incidents already           |
|                     |     mentioned, has anyone attacked or          |
|                     |     threatened you in any of these ways:       |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     a\) With any weapon, for instance, a gun   |
|                     |     or knife\                                  |
|                     |     b) With anything like a baseball bat,      |
|                     |     frying pan, scissors or stick\             |
|                     |     c) By something thrown, such as a rock or  |
|                     |     bottle\                                    |
|                     |     d) Include any grabbing, punching, or      |
|                     |     choking\                                   |
|                     |     e) Any rape, attempted rape or other type  |
|                     |     of sexual attack\                          |
|                     |     f) Any face-to-face threats\               |
|                     |     OR\                                        |
|                     |     g) Any attack or threat or use of force by |
|                     |     anyone at all? Please mention it even if   |
|                     |     you are not certain that it was a crime.   |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     (Briefly describe incident.)               |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   People often don't think of incidents      |
|                     |     committed by someone they know. (Other     |
|                     |     than incidents already mentioned) did you  |
|                     |     have something stolen from you OR were you |
|                     |     attacked or threatened by (Exclude         |
|                     |     telephone threats)...                      |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     a\) Someone at work or school\             |
|                     |     b) A neighbor or friend\                   |
|                     |     c) A relative or family member\            |
|                     |     d) Any other person you've met or known?   |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     (Briefly describe incident.)               |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | This objective differs from Healthy People     |
|                     | 2000 objective 7.5, which included females     |
|                     | only.                                          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NCVS and       |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-35. Reduce the   |                                                |
| annual rate of rape |                                                |
| or attempted rape.  |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS),    |
| Source**            | DOJ, BJS.                                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Adapted from 7.7 (Violent and Abusive          |
| 2000 Objective**    | Behavior).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 1,000 population.                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 0.8 (1998).                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of persons aged 12 years and older who  |
|                     | reported being raped or a victim of an         |
|                     | attempted rape.                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons aged 12 years and older.     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | Noninstitutionalized population.               |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Crime Victimization     |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Other than any incidents already           |
|                     |     mentioned, has anyone attacked or          |
|                     |     threatened you in any of these ways:       |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     \[Response categories include:\]\          |
|                     |     Any rape, attempted rape, or other type of |
|                     |     sexual attack?                             |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     (Briefly describe the incident.)           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | This objective differs from Healthy People     |
|                     | 2000 objective 7.7, which included females     |
|                     | only.                                          |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NCVS and       |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-36. Reduce       |                                                |
| sexual assault      |                                                |
| other than rape.    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), U. |
| Source**            | S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice    |
|                     | Statistics.                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Not applicable.                                |
| 2000 Objective**    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 1,000 population.                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 0.6 (1998).                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of persons aged 12 years and older who  |
|                     | report being threatened or physically          |
|                     | assaulted in a sexual way other than rape.     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons aged 12 years and older.     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | Noninstitutionalized population.               |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Crime Victimization     |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Other than any incidents already           |
|                     |     mentioned, has anyone attacked or          |
|                     |     threatened you in any of these ways:       |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     \[Response categories include:\]\          |
|                     |     Any rape, attempted rape, or other type of |
|                     |     sexual attack?                             |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     (Briefly describe the incident.)           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | Sexual assaults include sexual attacks or      |
|                     | threats other than rape or attempted rape      |
|                     | against males and females.                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NCVS and       |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-37. Reduce       |                                                |
| physical assaults.  |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS),    |
| Source**            | U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice  |
|                     | Statistics.                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Not identified.                                |
| Source**            |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Adapted from 7.6 (Violent and Abusive          |
| 2000 Objective**    | Behavior).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Rate per 1,000 population.                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 31.1 (1998).                                   |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of persons aged 12 years and older who  |
|                     | report being physically assaulted.             |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Number of persons aged 12 years and older.     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | Noninstitutionalized population.               |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1998 National Crime Victimization     |
| Obtain the National | Survey:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   Other than any incidents already           |
|                     |     mentioned, has anyone attacked or          |
|                     |     threatened you in any of these ways:       |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     a\) With any weapon, for instance, a gun   |
|                     |     or knife\                                  |
|                     |     b) With anything like a baseball bat,      |
|                     |     frying pan, scissors, or stick\            |
|                     |     c) By something thrown, such as a rock or  |
|                     |     bottle\                                    |
|                     |     d) Include any grabbing, punching, or      |
|                     |     choking\                                   |
|                     |     e) Any rape, attempted rape or other type  |
|                     |     of sexual attack\                          |
|                     |     f) Any face-to-face threats\               |
|                     |     OR\                                        |
|                     |     g) Any attack or threat or use of force by |
|                     |     anyone at all? Please mention it even if   |
|                     |     you are not certain that it was a crime.   |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     (Briefly describe incident.)               |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Annual.                                        |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | This objective is modified from Healthy People |
|                     | 2000 objective 7.6, which tracked assault      |
|                     | injuries. This objective tracks reports of     |
|                     | assaults.                                      |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of NCVS and       |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-38. Reduce       |                                                |
| physical fighting   |                                                |
| among adolescents.  |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System        |
| Source**            | (YRBSS), CDC, NCCDPHP.                         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System        |
| Source**            | (YRBSS), CDC, NCCDPHP.                         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Adapted from 7.9 (Violent and Abusive          |
| 2000 Objective**    | Behavior).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Percent.                                       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 36 (1999).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of students in grades 9 through 12 who  |
|                     | report being in a physical fight at least 1    |
|                     | time during the 12 months preceding the        |
|                     | survey.                                        |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Students in grades 9 through 12.               |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | Students in grades 9 through 12.               |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1999 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance |
| Obtain the National | System:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   During the past 12 months, how many times  |
|                     |     were you in a pysical fight?               |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     0 times\                                   |
|                     |     1 time\                                    |
|                     |     2 or 3 times\                              |
|                     |     4 or 5 times\                              |
|                     |     6 or 7 times\                              |
|                     |     8 or 9 times\                              |
|                     |     10 or 11 times\                            |
|                     |     12 or more times                           |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Biennial.                                      |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | This objective differs from Healthy People     |
|                     | 2000 objective 7.9 in that it measures         |
|                     | prevalence; objective 7.9 measured incidence.  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of YRBSS and      |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 15-39. Reduce       |                                                |
| weapon carrying by  |                                                |
| adolescents on      |                                                |
| school property.    |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **National Data     | Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System        |
| Source**            | (YRBSS), CDC, NCCDPHP.                         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **State Data        | Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System        |
| Source**            | (YRBSS), CDC, NCCDPHP.                         |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Healthy People    | Adapted from 7.10 (Violent and Abusive         |
| 2000 Objective**    | Behavior).                                     |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Measure**         | Percent.                                       |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Baseline**        | 6.9 (1999).                                    |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Numerator**       | Number of students in grades 9 through 12 who  |
|                     | report carrying a weapon on school property at |
|                     | least 1 day in the 30 days preceding the       |
|                     | survey.                                        |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Denominator**     | Students in grades 9 through 12.               |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Population        | Students in grades 9 through 12.               |
| Targeted**          |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Questions Used To | From the 1999 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance |
| Obtain the National | System:                                        |
| Data**              |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | -   During the past 30 days, on how many days  |
|                     |     did you carry a weapon, such as a gun,     |
|                     |     knife, or club on school property?         |
|                     |                                                |
|                     |     0 days\                                    |
|                     |     1 day\                                     |
|                     |     2 or 3 days\                               |
|                     |     4 or 5 days\                               |
|                     |     6 or more days                             |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Expected          | Biennial.                                      |
| Periodicity**       |                                                |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| **Comments**        | This objective differs from Healthy People     |
|                     | 2000 objective 7.10 in that it is limited to   |
|                     | weapon carrying on school grounds; objective   |
|                     | 7.10 tracked weapon carrying in any location.  |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+
|                     | See Part C for a description of YRBSS and      |
|                     | Appendix A for focus area contact information. |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------+

  

## References

1.Hoyert, D.L.; Kochanek, K.D.; and Murphy, S.L. Deaths: Final data for
1997. *National Vital Statistics Reports.* Vol. 47 No. 19. Hyattsville,
MD: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), 1999.

2\. NCHS. *Health, United States, 2000*, *With Adolescent Health
Chartbook*. Hyattsville, MD: NCHS, 2000.