Section I:

## Activities in the Reform of Undergraduate Education

Since Volume I of *Shaping the Future*

Introduction

During the review of undergraduate education by NSF Advisory Committee
for Education and Human Resources, the deliberate process of acquiring
information from a broad cross-section of the undergraduate community
ensured a broad level of participation by many educators,
administrators, employers, and students. This process occurred during
April 1995 to June 1996, and culminated in three milestones in the
summer of 1996:

1.  the publication of the Committee's report *Shaping the Future: New
    Expectations for Undergraduate Education in Science Mathematics,
    Engineering, and Technology* (NSF 96-139):

2.  the publication of the National Research Council's report *From
    Analysis to Action: Undergraduate Education in Science, Mathematics,
    Engineering, and Technology* (National Academy Press, 1996): and

3.  a major conference in Washington DC to air key findings and
    recommendations in these reports, and to continue discussions about
    how to implement their recommendations. ("Shaping the Future:
    Strategies for Revitalizing Undergraduate Education," held during
    July 11-13, 1996). The proceedings of this Conference are available
    at NSF Division of Undergraduate Education Web site
    (http://www.ehr.nsf.gov/EHR/DUE/start.htm).

It was the intent of the Committee from its inception to write a living
report, stimulating an active and vigorous process of reviewing,
debating, and improving undergraduate education in science, mathematics,
engineering, and technology (SME&T) in all types of post-secondary
institutions across our nation. This chapter reviews the types of
activities the Division of Undergraduate Education (DUE) has undertaken
with the undergraduate SME&T community following the July 1996, national
conference on *Shaping the Future.* Additionally it provides a
bibliography of studies, reports, and recommendations that have been
published during the past several years on the same theme. Because these
activities had been underway even before the summer of 1996, this
overview extends from March 1996 through July 1997.

Shaping the Future NextSteps

The activities have the underlying similarity of engaging educators,
academic administrators, and employers in discussions of methods to
improve undergraduate education in SME&T. Generally, the efforts
sponsored by DUE have identified and disseminated information about
needs and opportunities to improve undergraduate student
learningparticularly opportunities for developing effective teaching
practicesand overcoming barriers to the widespread adoption of these
practices.

The basic thrusts of these activities are:

-   promoting greater understanding, and identifying ways to improve
    student learning;

-   designing further improvements in courses and learning experiences
    to improve learning by all students;

-   supporting interdisciplinary course and curricula development work
    by faculty from different SME&T disciplines working collaboratively;

-   strengthening internal connections across departments (within all
    types of academic institutions) in support of improved undergraduate
    education for future teachers, and students majoring in non-SME&T
    disciplines, and students preparing to enter technical fields and
    the professions; and

-   expanding links with SME&T "communities" (government agencies at all
    levels, schools, scientific societies, professional associations,
    policy makers, public interest groups, and employers):

    The Division of Undergraduate Education (DUE), assisted by members
    of the Advisory Committee for NSF Directorate for Education and
    Human Resources (EHR), has addressed the need for such improvements
    in a variety of ways. Some of these are:

-   Providing the full-time support of the Division Director (on
    assignment from the Division of Undergraduate Education) Dr. Robert
    Watson, to the task of disseminating important information to the
    national undergraduate SME&T community from November 1996, through
    November 1998. During this period he has been leading and
    participating in workshops at regional events and scientific and
    professional meetings.

-   Leveraging professional staff attendance at scientific and
    professional society meetings as occasions to disseminate findings
    and recommendations in *Shaping the Future.*

-   Inviting academic institutions to host regional or local workshops
    in order to discuss and actively encourage faculty to participate in
    reform of undergraduate education in SME&T, with some logistical and
    financial support from NSF.

-   Encouraging scientific and professional societies to continue to
    address the issues raised in *Shaping the Future.*

-   Suggesting that NSF grantees participate in these same types of
    outreach efforts on their own or jointly with NSF program directors.

-   Incorporating principles enunciated in *Shaping the Future* in the
    DUE Program Announcement, and seeking to evolve our programs in
    directions considered to be most fruitful to further the
    recommendations of *Shaping the Future.*

-   Forming an alliance with major corporations and foundations through
    a Memorandum of Understanding, with the purpose of seeking their
    advice, counsel, and support.

-   Continuing to fund the [Institution-wide Reform
    initiative]{.underline} through FY 98.

-   Emphasizing in all DUE programs the need to educate *all* students,
    especially those preparing to be teachers or to join the technical
    workforce armed with greater flexibility and enhanced skills.

    External Assignment of Dr. Robert Watson

    A key feature of the past several years is that these objectives are
    being pursued not only programmatically through NSF's competitive
    grant process, but also through extensive outreach activities by
    NSF/DUE program officers and principal investigators. The external
    assignment of Dr. Robert Watson, Division Director (on assignment)
    from the NSF Division of Undergraduate Education, has provided many
    professional groups assistance in accomplishing the objectives of
    encouraging improvements and reform in undergraduate SME&T education
    at the national level.

    Dr. Watson accepted a two-year special assignment during the period
    November 1996, to November 1998: as visiting scholar at The American
    University in Washington, DC (where he is serving as
    Scientist-in-Residence) and at the National Research Council, where
    he is working with the leadership of colleges, universities,
    education associations, scientific and professional organizations,
    and with groups representing employers of college graduates
    (business, industry, school systems, and governments).

    The primary purpose of this assignment has been to inform,
    encourage, and assist colleges and universities to implement key
    national improvements that have been developed, and to engage them
    actively and comprehensively in the reform of undergraduate SME&T
    education. The principal blueprint for these goals is the report of
    the EHR Advisory Committee, *Shaping the Future: New Expectations
    for Undergraduate Education in Science, Mathematics, Engineering,
    and Technology* (NSF 96-139), however other reportsnotably the
    National Research Council's *From Analysis to Action: Undergraduate
    Education in Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology*and
    materials from NSF-supported projects and programs also are
    providing valuable examples and information about ways to achieve
    successful reform.

    A key strategy has been to engage scientific societies, professional
    associations, and educational associations in order to take
    advantage of their wisdom, and the great leverage and access that
    they have to many sectors concerned with undergraduate education.
    Dr. Watson has been engaged in doing this both directly and
    collaboratively with the assistance of NSF professional staff and
    members of the advisory committee to NSF's Directorate for Education
    and Human Resources responsible for writing the *Shaping the Future*
    report.

    The recommendations of both *Shaping the Future* and *From Analysis
    to Action* have been discussed and presented in large national and
    regional meetings sponsored by these associations and societies, and
    also in planning sessions with their leadership. Increasingly, these
    societies are themselves publicizing *Shaping the Future* and
    sending copies of the report to their membership and to others with
    a stake in improving undergraduate education. Members of the
    societies and associations are expressing interest in hosting
    regional workshops at their campuses.

    Campus-based regional workshops utilizing the report to directly
    promote reform serve as a second emerging mechanism. These workshops
    typically involve teams from institutions coming together to learn
    of national trends, of the work that others are doing, to share such
    information, and to develop their own plans.

    As word of these activities has spread, individuals have requested
    advice and assistance at an increasing rate in their own efforts to
    improve SME&T undergraduate education. In most cases these are not
    inquiries about potential NSF support, but rather, requests for help
    in identifying best practices, invitations to on-campus or in-state
    promotion of education reform, and nomination of others to provide
    this type of assistance. As one example of this, a university leader
    called to ask for advice and assistance on the proposal that they
    are preparing for submission to the legislature.

    Regional Workshops for "Shaping the Future"

    The regional versions of NSF's July 1996 "Shaping the Future"
    conference are particularly noteworthy. The purpose of these
    regional workshops is to:

-   facilitate specific regional and institutional plans to achieve
    widespread improvements in undergraduate education; and

-   provide information to faculty and administrators on NSF programs
    and national activities to support undergraduate education reform.

    The design of these workshops is determined by what is considered
    most effective by the host institutions with respect to their unique
    circumstances. The planning of these workshops generally embraces
    the following features:

-   participation of institutional teams, representing faculty,
    administration, students, and business partners;

-   significant involvement of employers of undergraduates;

-   participation of public policy makers to engender public support for
    undergraduate education;

-   development of institutional plans for reform of undergraduate
    education;

-   exhibits of innovations in undergraduate education; and

-   sessions to assist participants in developing projects and
    proposals.

    Institutions have been encouraged to seek other academic hosts to
    share in the planning and design of regional workshops. Follow-up
    activities for the participants are also expected to be an important
    part of the workshop planning.

    Strengthening Participation by Corporations and Foundations

    During the last several years, NSF has strengthened efforts to
    increase participation by members of the business and foundation
    community in undergraduate education reform. A Memorandum of
    Understanding, representing commitment to cooperation for
    revitalization of the nation's undergraduate education has been
    crafted for this purpose. It reads:

    > In these rapidly changing times, the demands placed on the
    > educational infrastructure of the nation, at all levels, are
    > enormous and growing. This pace of change will continue to
    > encourage cooperative relationships between all of those involved
    > in, and all those who provide support for, the undergraduate
    > education enterprise in the nation.

    We, the undersigned, are committed to nurturing the evolution of the
    highest quality undergraduate science, mathematics, engineering, and
    technology (SME&T) education, and to catalyzing working
    relationships between all parties involved in its delivery, and its
    support. Towards this goal we intend to cooperate with our
    colleagues in other private, government or industry oriented funding
    organizations that support undergraduate education in the nation. We
    intend to share information about our funding plans and funding
    profiles, to work towards common and complete assessment of our
    funded projects, to encourage the widest possible dissemination of
    project results, and, when appropriate, to support these projects
    through cost sharing partnerships. We intend to meet as a group
    periodically to share successes and to cooperate in developing
    national strategies in education. Through cooperation, we intend to
    amplify the impact of our individual efforts.

    As of August 1997, the following signatories have joined this
    alliance:

    *AirTouch Communications*

    *Bayer Corporation*

    *Bellcore*

    *Boeing*

    *Business-Higher Education Forum*

    *The Camille & Henry Dreyfus Foundation, Inc.*

    *DuPont*

    *Exxon Education Foundation*

    *General Electric Fund*

    *Global Wireless Education Consortium*

    *Hewlett-Packard Company*

    *Howard Hughes Medical Institute*

    *International Business Machines*

    *Lockheed Martin*

    *Lucent Technologies*

    *Microsoft Corporation*

    *Motorola*

    *Pew Science Program*

    *Shodor Education Foundation*

    *Society of Manufacturing Engineers Education Foundation*

    *Stratagene Cloning Systems Technology Assessment and Transfer,
    Inc.*

    *Texas Instruments*

    *Toyota*

    *Wolfram Research*

    Working Through Scientific Societies and Professional Associations

    Scientific societies, professional associations, and associations of
    colleges and universities are key to effective dissemination of the
    recommendations of *Shaping the Future.* Consequently, one of the
    key focal points of the "Shaping the Future NextSteps" campaign has
    been to reach these organizations through the active assistance of
    Dr. Robert Watson and members of the Advisory Committee for
    Education and Human Resources at NSF.

    The following organizations have participated in or otherwise
    sponsored activities in the reform of undergraduate education
    through the NextSteps campaign:

    Accreditation Board for Engineering & Technology Inc. (ABET)

    Affiliated Colleges & Universities Office (ACUO)

    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

    American Association of Community Colleges (AACC)

    American Association for Higher Education (AAHE)

    American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT)

    American Association of State Colleges & Universities (AASCU)

    American Chemical Society (ACS)

    American Council on Education (ACE)

    American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    American Institute of Physics (AIP)

    American Mathematical Society (AMS)

    American Physical Society (APS)

    American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)

    American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE)

    Association of Community College Trustees

    Association for Women in Science (AWS)

    Consortium of Social Science Associations (COSSA)

    Council of Colleges of Arts & Sciences (CCAS)

    Council on Competitiveness

    Council of Scientific Society Presidents

    Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR)

    Education Commission of the States (ECS)

    Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

    Mathematical Association of America (MAA)

    National Academy of Sciences (NAS)

    National Research Council (NRC)

    National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges
    (NASULGC)

    National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE)

    National Council for Resource Development (NCRD)

    National Science Teachers Association (NSTA)

    National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE)

    SEMATECH

    State Higher Education Executive Officers

    Sigma Xi

    Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in
    Science (SACNAS)

    Chronological List of Conferences Sponsoring Workshops &
    Presentations\
    in Support of "Shaping the Future NextSteps"

    The following chronological list indicates many of the meetings,
    conferences, and workshops that have been employed by DUE staff to
    facilitate widening awareness and increased momentum towards
    improved undergraduate education in SME&T. Members of the Advisory
    Committee have often joined the DUE staff in these activities for
    Education and Human Resources. This list is not complete, but is
    representative of the breadth of activities undertaken. It extends
    back to March 1996, because by then many of the findings and
    recommendations of *Shaping the Future* were being discussed in
    draft form, in advance of the report's official release in July
    1996.

    March, 1996

-   1-3: Meeting of the Education Committee of the Geological Society of
    America (GSA), Boulder, CO

-   21-23: "The Genetics Revolution: A Catalyst for Education and Public
    Policy," a meeting for community college faculty sponsored by
    American Association of Community Colleges (AACC), local colleges,
    and Exxon Education Foundation, Dallas, TX

-   24-26: 211^th^ annual meeting of the American Chemical Society
    (ACS), New Orleans, LA

April, 1996

-   13-15: Annual meeting American Association of Community Colleges
    (AACC), Atlanta, GA

-   16-18: Meeting of the Government-University-Industry Roundtable,
    Seattle, WA

-   26: Special meeting (invited address) with a number of private
    firms, Phoenix, AZ

    May, 1996

-   2-5: Annual Washington, DC joint meeting of the American Physical
    Society (APS) and the American Association of Physics Teachers
    (AAPT)

-   7-10: International conference on Acoustics, Speech, & Signal
    Processing sponsored by the Institute for Electrical and Electronic
    Engineers (IEEE), and the Signal Processing Society, Atlanta, GA

-   20-22: Spring meeting of the Geological Society of American (GSA),
    Baltimore, MD

    June, 1996

-   1-6: Annual meeting of the American Society of Biochemistry and
    Molecular Biology (ASBMB), New Orleans, LA

-   13: Introductory Physics Reform Conference: An Undergraduate Faculty
    Enhancement (UFE) Project, Joliet, IL

-   16-18: Conference on publishing strategies sponsored by DUE,
    Hampshire College, and Saunders Publishing Co., Amherst, MA

-   27-28: The 6^th^ biennial national conference of the Council for
    Undergraduate Research (CUR), North Carolina Central University,
    Durham, NC

-   30-July 5: Gordon Research Conference - Innovations in College
    Chemistry Teaching, Plymouth State College, NH

    July, 1996

-   11-13: National conference, Shaping the Future: Strategies for
    Revitalizing Undergraduate Education, Washington, DC

-   13-15: EHR annual Partnership Conference, Washington, DC

-   27-30: Annual meeting of the American Society of Plant Physiologists
    (ASPP) and site visit to Trinity College, San Antonio, TX

-   31- August 3: International Conference on Undergraduate Physics
    Education (ICUPE), College Park, MD

    August, 1996

-   4-7: 14^th^ Biennial Conference on Chemical Education, Clemson
    University, SC

-   4-8: 47^th^ Annual meeting of the American Institute of Biological
    Sciences (AIBS), Seattle, WA

-   5-10: Summer meeting of the American Association of Physics Teachers
    (AAPT), College Park, MD

    September, 1996

-   25: Meeting of the Texas Association of Schools of Engineering
    Technology (TASET), Austin, TX

-   28-29: Meeting of the American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular
    Biology (Human Resources Committee), Washington, DC

    October, 1996

-   4: American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) regional
    meeting, Fargo, ND

-   7-8: Meeting of the National Visiting Committee for the University
    of Cincinnati - American Chemical Society (ACS) project "Advanced
    Technological Education in Chemical Technology," Silver Bay, NY

-   11-12: Annual meeting of Mathematical Sciences Department Chairs,
    Rosslyn, VA

-   16-19: National Association of Biology Teachers (NABT), Charlotte,
    NC

-   25-27: Project Kaleidoscope (PKAL) Workshop on Interdisciplinary
    Approaches to Teaching Science and Mathematics, Colby College,
    Waterville, ME

-   30: American Association of Community Colleges (AACC) Task Force on
    Academic and Student Affairs, Arlington, VA

-   31-November 1: Annual meeting of the Accreditation Board for
    Engineering Technology, Inc. (ABET), San Diego, CA

    November, 1996

-   2: Mathematical Association of America (MAA), DelMarVa section,
    Frederick, MD

-   3-5: Regional meeting of the American Society for Engineering
    Education (ASEE), Fargo, ND

-   5-8: Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers (IEEE) meeting,
    Denver, CO

-   6-9: 26^th^ Annual meeting of "Frontiers in Education," Salt Lake
    City, UT

-   7: Annual joint meeting of the Alabama College Chemistry Teachers
    Association, Columbia, AL

-   7-10: Mathematicians and Education Reform (MER) workshop on
    \"Teacher Education and Mathematics Departments,\" University of
    Illinois at Chicago, IL

-   8: Regional meeting, Issues in Gateway Chemistry Courses, University
    of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD

-   8-10: Project Kaleidoscope (PKAL) workshop, "Revitalizing
    Undergraduate Biology," Morehouse College, Atlanta, GA

-   12: NSF Forum on Distance Learning, Washington, DC

-   12-17: Meeting of the American Mathematical Association of Two-Year
    Colleges (AMATYC), Long Beach, CA

-   13: Industry-University-Government Roundtable, Bethesda, MD

-   14: American Chemical Society (ACS) meeting, University of Maryland,
    College Park, MD

-   14: Annual meeting of the Council of Colleges of Arts and Sciences
    (CCAS) - Deans, Philadelphia, PA

-   14-17: NSF sponsored Task Force on \"Educating the Next Generation
    of Information Specialists,\" Omaha, NE

-   15-17: \"Spheres of Influence: Shaping the Future of Earth Systems
    Sciences Education\" Meeting, American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    headquarters, Washington, DC

-   21-22: Meeting of the Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers
    (IEEE) Computer Society Education Board, Pittsburgh, PA

-   22-23: Workshop on the programs of DUE and key aspects of proposal
    preparation, Inter-American University, San Juan, PR

    December, 1996

-   10: \"Results of NSF Review of Undergraduate Science, Mathematics,
    Engineering and Technology (SME&T) Education,\" National
    Technological University (NTU) Faculty Forum (via live national
    satellite broadcast)

-   15: Meeting with American Council on Education (ACE), Washington, DC

-   28-30: Annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative
    Biology

-   American Association of Community Colleges (AACC) Presidents\'
    workshop, Washington, DC

-   Annual meeting of the American Society of Cell Biology (ASCB), San
    Francisco, CA

-   National Council for Resource Development national conference,
    Washington, DC

    January, 1997

-   4-10: Annual meeting of the American Association of Physics Teachers
    (AAPT), Phoenix, AZ

-   7: SUMMA (Strengthening Undergraduate Minority Mathematics
    Achievement) meeting, San Diego, CA

-   9-11: *NextSteps* presentation at the 6^th^ annual meeting of the
    American Mathematical Association (AMA) and the Mathematical
    Association of America (MAA), San Diego, CA

-   15-19: *NextSteps* presentation at the meetings of the American
    Association for Higher Education (AAHE), San Diego, CA

-   28: Regional *Shaping the Future* workshop sponsored by the
    University of Washington and Bellevue Community College, Seattle, WA

-   30-February 2: Louisiana Collaborative for Excellence in Teacher
    Education regional workshop on *Shaping the Future*, Baton Rouge, LA

-   31-February 1: Oakton Community College workshop on *Shaping the
    Future*, Oakton, CA

-   Joint annual meeting of Mathematics Societies, San Diego, CA

    February, 1997

-   1-3: SEMATECH annual conference, Austin, TX

-   9-15: American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO), Santa
    Fe, NM

-   25: Annual meeting of the American Council on Education (ACE),
    Washington, DC

-   26: Meeting with the executive officers of the American Physical
    Society (APS) and the American Association of Physics Teachers
    (AAPT), with the staff from the American Institute of Physics (AIP),
    College Park, MD

-   28: Meeting of the American Psychological Association (APA),
    Washington, DC

-   27-28: Annual meeting of the ACM Special Interest Group in Computer
    Science Education (SIGCSE) and the ACM 50th Anniversary, San Jose,
    CA

-   27-28: Annual meeting of the National Visiting Committee of NSF Los
    Angeles Collaborative for Excellence in Teacher Preparation (LACTE),
    Los Angeles, CA

    March, 1997

-   4: Meeting of the Federal Interagency Chemistry Representatives
    (FICR), Washington, DC

-   6: National meeting of the Association for Practical and
    Professional Ethics, Alexandria, VA

-   6-8: Annual conference of Sigma Xi, New Orleans, LA

-   10-11: North Louisiana Research Conference, Louisiana Tech
    University, Ruston, LA

-   13-19: Symposium, New Developments in Education in Analytical
    Chemistry, held at the 'Pittsburgh Conference' on Analytical
    Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Atlanta, GA

-   14: Workshop II of Curriculum Development in Analytical Sciences,
    Atlanta, GA

-   14-16: Regional workshop on *Shaping the Future*, hosted by
    California State University at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

-   14-16: Alliances for Minority Participation (AMP) - Teacher
    Preparation meeting, Puerto Rico

-   16-17: Meeting of the national conference steering committee for A
    National Urban Summit: Creating a Techno-Literate Workforce Through
    Major Policy Change - Forging Communication Among Business,
    Education, and Government for Strengthening Technical Skills Among
    Urban Students, Chicago, IL

-   16-19: The Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied
    Spectroscopy, Atlanta, GA

-   23: Meeting with the Consortium for Social Science Associations
    (COSSA), Washington, DC

-   27: Meeting with the Delaware Community College System, Dover, DE

-   27-30: National Society of Black Engineers national conference,
    Washington, DC

April, 1997

-   7: *Shaping the Future* presentation at Washington & Lee University,
    Lexington, VA

-   10: *Shaping the Future* presentation at University of California,
    Davis, CA

-   11-12: The Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR) April Dialogue
    meeting: The Teaching-Research Connection, National Institutes of
    Health, Bethesda, MD

-   11-12: The Modular CHEM and ChemLinks consortia pedagogy meeting,
    Berkeley, CA

-   13-17: 213^th^ National meeting of the American Chemical Society
    (ACS), San Francisco, CA

-   17-18: Meeting of principal investigators and evaluators, Systemic
    Change in Chemistry Curriculum project, Menlo Park, CA

-   18-19: *Shaping the Future* regional workshop, co-hosted by
    University of Missouri, Columbia, and St. Louis Community College,
    St. Louis, MO

-   18-19: Spring meeting of the MD/DC/VA Section of the Mathematical
    Association of America (MAA), College of William and Mary,
    Williamsburg, VA

-   18-21: Joint annual meeting of the American Physical Society (APS)
    and the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT), Washington,
    DC

-   20: Arizona State University faculty retreat, Tempe, AZ

-   24-26: National Council for Resource Development (NCRD) Regional IV
    Conference, Savannah, GA

-   24-27: Phi Theta Kappa International convention, Dallas, TX

    May, 1997

-   8: Sigma Xi/A\*DEC Town Meeting video conference on *Shaping the
    Future*, \"Undergraduate Education to Meet Societal Needs in the
    21^st^ Century,\" Research Triangle Park, NC

-   8-9: Regional workshop on *Shaping the Future*, \"Revitalizing
    Undergraduate Mathematics and Science Education: A National
    Dialogue,\" Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI

-   8-9: Edu.Tech@Work97 Conference and Expo, Bellevue, WA

-   Meeting of the education board of the Association of Computing
    Machinery (ACM), Atlanta, GA

-   10-11: Regional workshop on *Shaping the Future*, \"Revitalizing
    Undergraduate Mathematics and Science Education: A National
    Dialogue,\" The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI

-   16: Presentation to the North Carolina Community College System,
    \"Leading the Nation: Opportunities for Two-Year Colleges,\"
    Smithfield, NC

-   16-17: National Institute for Science Education (NISE) Workshop on
    Collaborative Learning, Madison, WI

-   19-23: 96^th^ Annual meeting of the American Society for
    Microbiology (ASM), New Orleans, LA

-   24-25: 11^th^ International *C. Elegans* research conference,
    Madison, WI

    June, 1997

-   5-7: Program workshop, NSF Collaborative for Excellence in Teacher
    Preparation (CETP) program, attended by 10 Collaboratives,
    California State University, Dominguez Hills, CA

-   11-13: Meeting of Mathematics Across the Curriculum (MATC),
    Villanova University, Philadelphia, PA

-   15-17: Annual meeting of the American Society for Engineering
    Education (ASEE), Milwaukee, WI

-   18: Regional workshop on *Shaping the Future,* Central Washington
    University, Ellensburg, WA

-   20-21: 6^th^ Conference on the Teaching of Mathematics, Milwaukee,
    WI

-   22-27: Unidata Workshop, Using Instructional Technologies and
    Satellite Data for College Level Education in the Atmospheric and
    Earth Sciences, sponsored by the University Corporation for
    Atmospheric Research (UCAR) and the National Center for Atmospheric
    Research (NCAR), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO

-   30-July 2: McNU 97, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL

    July, 1997

-   10-12: 1997 Reunion of Research Opportunity Award (ROA) participants

-   14-17: Annual meeting of the Society for Industrial and Applied
    Mathematics (SIAM), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA

-   19-20: Project Kaleidoscope (PKAL) workshop, Research-Rich
    Environments for Undergraduate Education, Washington, DC

-   Annual meeting of the American Association of Medical Colleges,
    Washington, DC

-   22: Presentation of *Shaping the Future* recommendations to
    reviewers at the annual NSF DUE panel reviews of proposals submitted
    to its Course and Curriculum Design (CCD) and Undergraduate Faculty
    Enhancement (UFE) programs, Arlington, VA

-   24-26: 2^nd^ Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) International
    Conference on Digital Libraries, Philadelphia, PA

-   29: *Shaping the Future* Workshop at Chautauqua Institute,
    Chautauqua, NY

August, 1997

• 23-28: ASBMB (American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology)

> satellite meeting \"2001: Biochemistry Education for the Millennium,\"
> organized by the
>
> Human Resources Committee of the ASBMB, University of California at
> San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.

September, 1997

• 16: Symposium on \"Shaping the Future of Undergraduate Education and
The Role of University, Industry and Government in the Development of
Human Resources,\" The Inter-American University of Puerto Rico -
Metropolitan Campus (IAU-M).

October, 1997

• 4-5: Project Kaleidoscope\'s annual workshop, \"Reforming Earth and
Planetary Science Curricula: What Works,\" Whitman College, Walla Walla,
WA.

• 8-11: The 1997 Convention of the NABT (National Association of Biology
Teachers) overview of Shaping the Future, Minneapolis, MN.

• 17: Workshop on \"Shaping the Future: The Role of Two-Year Colleges\"
at the ACCT (Association of Community College Trustees) annual
conference, Washington, DC.

• 24 - 25: Regional Shaping the Future workshop hosted by Drexel
University, Philadelphia, PA.

• 25-27: Geological Society of America, GSA's Shaping the Future, Salt
Lake City, UT.

November, 1997

• October 31-Nov 2: Project Kaleidoscope Workshop on \"Enhancing
Learning-Centered Environments: The Biology of the Future,\" University
of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

• 14: State of Maine Regional Follow-Up to Shaping the Future, Bates
College, Lewiston, ME.

December, 1997

• 4: District of Columbia Section of the American Society of Mechanical
Engineers, \"Shaping the Future\" and its implications for the
mechanical engineering profession, Washington, DC.

January, 1998

• 4-8: Gordon Research Conference on Innovations in College Chemistry
Teaching, Ventura, CA.

• 6-10: The annual joint meetings of the American Mathematical Society
(AMS) & Mathematical Association of America (MAA), Baltimore, MD.

• 16 - 17: Workshop on the New Traditions Chemistry Initiative, Madison,
WI

• 22: Maryland Collaborative for Excellence in Teacher Preparation
Workshop on \"Shaping the Future of Mathematics and Science in
Maryland,\" College Park, MD.

February, 1998

• 14-15: Shaping the Future Follow-Up Conference, hosted by Birmingham
Southern College, Birmingham, AL.

• 19-20: South Carolina Shaping the Future Conference, hosted by the
University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.

March, 1998

• 20: A Regional Conference on \"Transforming Undergraduate Education in
SME&T,\" hosted by New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ.

April, 1998

• 3-4: A Regional Shaping Conference, hosted by Northeastern University,
Boston, MA.

May, 1998

• 1: Meeting of the Governing Board of the Hispanic Asssociation of
Colleges and Universities, Washington, DC.

• 1-2: A Regional Conference \"Shaping the Future with Core Curriculum
Reform: Guiding

> Undergraduate Education in SME&T," Colorado State University, Fort
> Collins, CO.

• 6: Meeting of the Education and Human Resources Committee of the
Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA), Washington, DC.

• 8 - 9: A Shaping the Future Regional Conference, \"From Dialogue to
Action: Improving Instruction, Collaborations, and Partnerships in
Mathematics and Science for All Students, A Workshop for Stakeholders in
the Future of P-16 Education," hosted by at Clark Atlanta University,
Atlanta, GA.

• 8 - 9: Regional New York Shaping the Future Conference, New York City,
NY.

• 11 - 13: The North Dakota planning conference, \"Reforming
Undergraduate Science

> and Mathematics Education,\" Bismark, ND.

Bibliography of New Publications in Support of Shaping the Future of
Undergraduate Education in Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and
Technology

A much longer bibliography of material that influenced the preparation
of Volume 1 of *Shaping the Future: New Expectations for Undergraduate
Education in Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology* (NSF
96-139) is available at the end of Volume 2. The following bibliography
is provided as a separate listing of those published books and articles
that appeared after the conclusions and recommendations of Volume 1 had
been prepared.

Paul E. Adams and Gerald H. Krockover, "Beginning Science Teacher
Cognition and Its Origins in the Pre-service Secondary Science Teacher
Program," *Journal of Research in Science Teaching*, Vol. 34 (1997), p.
663.

The Boyer Commission on Educating Undergraduates in the Research
University, (Shirley Strum Kenny, Chair) \"Reinventing Undergraduate
Education: A Blueprint for America\'s Research Universities,\" 15 May,
1998. Available from http://notes.cc.sunysb.edu/Pres/boyer.nsf

Marvin Druger, "Preparing the Next Generation of College Science
Teachers," *Journal of College Science Teaching*, Vol. 26 (1997), p.
424.

D. Fulker, S. Bates, and C. Jacobs, "Unidata: A Virtual Community
Sharing Resources and Technological Infrastructure," *Bulletin of the
American Meteorological Society,* Vol. 73, No. 3 (1997).

Jerry Bell and Alphonse Buccino (editors*), Seizing Opportunities:
Collaborating for Excellence in Teacher Preparation* (Washington, DC:
American Association for Advancement of Science, 1997).

William E. Campbell and Karl A. Smith, *New Paradigms for College
Teaching* (Edina, MN: Interaction Book Company, 1997).

James Cooper and Pamela Robinson, *Annotated Bibliography of Science,
Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology (SMET) Resources in Higher
Education* (Working Draft, California State University - Dominguez
Hills, 1997).

Gordon P. Eaton, "Re-Shaping America's Earth Science Curriculum,"
*Geotimes*, Vol. 40, No. 4 (1995).

S. C. Ehrmann, "Asking the Right Questions," *Change,* Vol. 27, No. 2
(1995), pp. 20-27.

American Geophysical Union, *Scrutiny of Undergraduate Geoscience
Education: Is the Viability of the Geosciences in Jeopardy?*
(Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, 1995).

S.W. Gilbert, "Teaching, Learning, and Technology," *Change,* Vol. 27,
No. 2 (1995), pp. 47-52.

J.D. Herron, *The Chemistry Classroom: Formulas for Successful Teaching*
(Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1996).

P. Hutchings, *Making Teaching Community Property: A Menu for Peer
Collaboration and Peer Review,* American Association for Higher
Education (AAHE), (Washington, DC: AAHE, 1996).

M. Frank Ireton, Cathryn Manduca, and David Mogk (editors), *Shaping the
Future of Undergraduate Earth Science Education, Innovation and Change
Using An Earth System Approach,* Report of a workshop held November
14-17, 1996, convened by the American Geophysical Union in Cooperation
with the Keck Geology Consortium (Washington, DC: American Geophysical
Union, 1997).

Kellogg Commission on the Future of State and Land Grant Universities,
see \"National Association of State Universities and Land Grant
College.\"

Susan Lenker, Nancy Cooley, Keith Nelson, and Richard St. Andre
(editors), *Exemplary Programs in Introductory College Mathematics:
Innovative Programs Using Technology (INPUT),* Summaries of the Winning
Entries for the First INPUT awards competition 1996-97 (Central Michigan
University and Corporation for Public Broadcasting, 1997).

Heather MacDonald and Ann Bykerk-Kauffman, "Collaborative and
Cooperative Activities for Teaching and Learning Geology," *Journal of
Geoscience Education*, Vol. 43 (1995), p. 305.

Eric Mazur, *ConcepTests* (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1996).

Eric Mazur, *Peer Instruction* (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall,
1997).

Susan B. Millar and B.B. Alexander, Teacher Preparation in Science,
Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology: Review and Analysis of NSF
Workshop, Nov. 6-8, 1994 (Madison, WI: National Institute of Science
Education, 1996).

James R. Mahoney (editor), Improving Science, Mathematics, Engineering
and Technology Instruction: Strategies for the Community College
(Washington, DC: American Association of Community Colleges, Community
College Press, 1996).

Ann P. McNeal, "Collaboration in Physiology Courses: What Works?" Annual
Meeting of the Professional Research Scientists on Experimental Biology
97, New Orleans, LA, April 6-9, 1997, *FASEB Journal,* Vol. 11, No. 3
(1997).

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and Charlene D\'Avanzo (editors),
*Student-Active Science: Models of Innovation in Undergraduate
Education* (Philadelphia, PA: Saunders College Publishers, 1997).

National Commission on Teaching & America\'s Future, *What Matter\'s
Most: Teaching for America\'s Future*, 1996.

National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges
(NASULGC), Kellogg Commission on the Future of State and Land Grant
Universities, Returning to Our Roots: The Student Experience
(Washington, DC: NASULGC, April, 1997).

> Taking Charge of Change (Washington, DC: NASULGC, May, 1997).

National Research Council, *Improving Teacher Preparation and
Credentialing Consistent with the National Science Education Standards:
Report of a Symposium* held in February 1996 (Washington, DC: National
Academy of Sciences Press, November, 1996).

> *The Preparation of Teachers of Mathematics: Considerations and
> Challenges: A Letter Report* *of the Mathematical Sciences Education
> Board*, (Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1996).
>
> Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, Board on Earth
> Sciences and Resources, Rediscovering Geography Committee (Thomas
> Wilbanks, Chair*),* *Rediscovering Geography, New Relevance for
> Science and Society (*Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1997).
>
> Committee on Undergraduate Science Education*, Science Teaching
> Reconsidered: A Handbook* (Washington, DC: National Academy Press,
> 1997).
>
> Committee on Undergraduate Science Education*, Center for Science,
> Mathematics, and Engineering Education, Science Teacher Preparation in
> an Era of Standards-Based Reform* (Washington, DC: National Academy of
> Sciences Press, 1997).
>
> *Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education,
> Introducing the Science Education Standards* (Washington, DC: National
> Academy of Sciences Press, 1997).
>
> *Adviser, Teacher, Role Model, Friend: On Being a Mentor to Students
> in Science and Engineering* (Washington DC: National Academy Press,
> 1997).

A. Wayne Roberts (editor), "Calculus: The Dynamics of Change,"
*Mathematical Association of America (MAA) Notes,* Number 39, (1996).

Leonard Springer, Mary Elizabeth Stanne, and Samuel Donovan*, Effects of
Cooperative Learning on Undergraduates in Science, Mathematics,
Engineering, and Technology: A Meta-Analysis* (Madison, WI: National
Center for Science Education & Wisconsin Center for Educational
Research, 1997).

Tracey E. Sutherland and Charles C. Bonwell (editors), *Using Active
Learning in College Classes: A Range of Options for Faculty, New
Directions for Teaching and Learning*, No. 67 (San Francisco, CA:
Jossey-Bass, Fall, 1996).

Alan Schoenfeld (editor), "Student Assessment in Calculus,"
*Mathematical Association of America (MAA) Notes,* Number 43, (1997).

Melvin L. Silberman, *Active Learning: 101 Strategies to Teach Any
Subject* (Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, 1996).