**SPECIAL SPECIFICATION**

**SECTION 15055**

**[PIPING SYSTEMS]{.underline}**

[Page]{.underline}

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.01 Work Included 2

1.02 Quality Assurance 3

1.03 References 3

1.04 Submittals 5

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.01 Acceptable Manufacturers 6

2.02 Materials For Saturated Steam Systems 6

2.03 Materials For Space Heating & Chilled Water Systems 10

2.04 Materials For Compressed Air Systems 16

2.05 Materials For Condensate Drains-Air Handling Systems 18

2.06 Equipment 19

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 Piping Installation 20

3.02 Tests 29

**SPECIAL SPECIFICATION**

**SECTION 15055**

**[PIPING SYSTEMS]{.underline}**

[PART 1 - GENERAL]{.underline}

1.01 [WORK INCLUDED]{.underline}

> A. Materials and operations required for the installation of piping
> systems including: pipe fittings, valves, equipment, joints, and tests
> for the following systems:

1\. Steam

a\. Aboveground

b\. Belowground

2\. Space Heating Water

3\. Chilled Water

a\. Aboveground

b\. Belowground

4\. Compressed Air

a\. Aboveground

1.02 [QUALITY ASSURANCE]{.underline}

A. Welding Materials and Procedures: Conform to ASME code for Pressure
Piping, ANSI/ASME B31.1, Power Piping.

B. Employ welders certified in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure
Code, as modified by ANSI/ASME B31.1, Power Piping.

C. Brazing: Certify brazing procedures, brazers, and operators in
accordance with ANSI/ASME B31.1, Power Piping, for shop and jobsite
brazing of piping work.

D. Soldering: Conform to ANSI/ASME B31.1, Power Piping.

1.03 [REFERENCES]{.underline}

> The current editions of the following standards are a part of this
> specification.

A. [Sandia National Laboratories Standard Specifications]{.underline}

1\. 01300 Submittals

2\. 02200 Earthwork

3\. 09900 Painting

4\. 15050 General Material and Work Requirement - Mechanical

5\. 15200 Vibration Limits and Control

6\. 15250 Insulation - Mechanical Systems

B. [American National Standards Institute (ANSI)]{.underline}

1\. ANSI B1.1 Unified Screw Threads

2\. ANSI B1.2 Gages and Gaging for Unified Inch Screw Thread

3\. ANSI B2.1 Standard Welding Procedure Specification

4\. ANSI B16.3 Malleable Iron Thread Fittings Classes 150 and 300

5\. ANSI B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

6\. ANSI B16.9 Factory-made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings

7\. ANSI B16.22 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder-Joint pressure
Fittings

8\. ANSI B16.24 Bronze Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings Class 150 and
300.

9\. ANSI B31.1 Power Piping

C. [American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)]{.underline}

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code

D. [American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)]{.underline}

1\. ASTM A53 Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated Welded and
Seamless

2\. ASTM A126 Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe Fittings

3\. ASTM A182 Forged or Rolled Alloy Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings
and Valves and Parts for High Temperature Service

4\. ASTM A193 Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High
Temperature Service

5\. ASTM A194 Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure
and High Temperature Service

6\. ASTM A234 Pipe Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for
Moderate and Elevated Temperatures

7\. ASTM A307 Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60,000 PSI Tensile Strength

8\. ASTM B61 Standard Specification for Steam and Valve Bronze Casting

9\. ASTM B88 Seamless Copper Water Tube

E. [American Welding Society (AWS)]{.underline}

AWS A5.8 Specification for Brazing Filler Metal

F. [International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials
(IAPMO); International Conference of Building Officials
(ICBO)]{.underline}

1\. UMC Uniform Mechanical Code

2\. UPC Uniform Plumbing Code

G. [American Gas Association (AGA)]{.underline}

1.04 [SUBMITTALS]{.underline}

A. All required submittals shall be per Standard Specification, Section
01300.

B. All pipe materials, valves, equipment and accessories listed in this
specification under [PART 2 - PRODUCTS]{.underline} shall be submitted
for approval.

C. All relief valves require submittals for approval.

[PART 2 - PRODUCTS]{.underline}

2.01 [ACCEPTABLE MANUFACTURERS]{.underline}

> The manufacturers listed under this section supply products of
> acceptable type, quality, and performance.

2.02 [MATERIALS FOR SATURATED STEAM SYSTEMS]{.underline}

[Aboveground]{.underline}

A. [Piping]{.underline}. Schedule 40 black steel for steam/schedule 80
black steel for condensate with butt welded joints, ASTM A53, Grade B,
Type S (seamless).

B. [Fittings]{.underline}

1\. 1-1/2 Inches and Smaller: Screwed fittings, threaded tapered joints,
ANSI B31.1, ANSI B2.1

2\. 2 Inches and Larger: Schedule 40 wrought steel for steam/schedule 80
wrought steel for condensate, ASTM A234, butt welded, and ANSI B16.9.

C. [Flanges]{.underline}

1\. 1-1/2 Inches and Smaller: 150 pound forged steel, screwed, ANSI
B16.5.

2\. 2 Inches and Larger: 150 pound forged steel welding neck, ANSI
B16.5.

D. [Gaskets]{.underline}. 0.175\" thick with 1/8\" solid-metal stay
ring. Material is 304 stainless steel with chlorocarb graphite filler.
Flexitallic, Style CG or Lamons Spiraseal Style WR.

E. [Bolts and Nuts]{.underline}. Bolts shall conform to ASTM A193, Grade
B7. Nuts shall conform to ASTM A194, Grade 2H.

F. [Valves]{.underline}.

1\. Gate (30 to 125 psig service):

a\. 1-1/2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150, inside screw, backseated union
bonnet, rising stem, cast bronze construction per ASTM B61, solid wedge
disc, with threaded ends. Crane No. 431UB.

b\. 2 Inches and Larger: Class 150, cast steel, outside screw and yoke
(OS&Y), rising stem, and flanged ends. Trim shall be bronze per ASTM B61
or 316 stainless steel. Nibco CS-102.

c\. 4 Inches and Larger: Class 150, cast steel, OS&Y rising stem,
flanged ends, bronze trim per ASTM B61, or 316 stainless steel. Nibco
CS-102.

2\. Gate (under 30 psig):

a\. 1-1/2 Inches and Smaller: Class 125, bronze body, threaded ends,
rising stem, screwed bonnet and solid wedge disc. Crane No. 428.

b\. 2 to 3 Inches: Class 125, bronze body, threaded ends. Crane No. 428;
Class 125, iron body OS&Y, flanged ends. Crane No. 465-1/2.

c\. 4 Inches and Larger: Class 125, iron body, flanged ends, OS&Y. Crane
No. 465-1/2.

3\. Globe:

a\. 1-1/2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150, bronze body, union bonnet,
conforming with ASTM B61, tapered plug type, stainless steel disc and
seat, threaded ends. Crane No. 14-1/2P.

b\. 2 Inches and Larger: Class 125, iron body conforming to ASTM A126,
Class B, bronze trim, flanged ends, bolted bonnet, bronze disc,
replaceable seats. Crane No. 351.

4\. Check: 1-1/2 Inches and Smaller: Class 125, bronze, swing check, Y
style bronze disc and screw caps, screwed ends. Crane No. 37.

5\. Needle: 1 inch and smaller: positive shut-off for gages and manual
air vents, brass. Whitey \"O\" Series.

G. [Strainers]{.underline}

1\. 1-1/2 Inches and Smaller: Class 250, screwed ends, Y pattern with
stainless steel screen - 20 mesh (0.033\" openings). Spirax-Sarco Type
\"IT\".

2\. 2 Inches and Larger Y Style: Class 250, cast iron, flanged, with
perforated stainless steel screen (2\" to 3\", 0.033\" perforations for
steam or water; 4\" to 6\", 0.045\" perforations for steam, .125\"
perforations for water; 8\" to 16\", 0.062\" perforations for steam,
0.125\" perforations for water). Spirax-Sarco Type CI-125 or AF-250.

3\. 2\" to 12\" Basket Strainer: Class 250, cast iron, flanged,
quick-opening top access clamped cover, with perforated stainless steel
basket strainer (2\" to 3\", 0.045\" perforations for steam or water;
4\" to 6\", 0.045\" perforations for steam, 0.125\" perforations for
water; 8\" to 12\", 0.062\" perforations for steam, 0.125\" perforations
for water). Spirax-Sarco Type 528.

H. [Traps]{.underline}

1\. Thermostatic, for saturated steam service: Angle, vertical or
horizontal, brass or stainless steel body, screwed union type, stainless
steel bellows, replaceable stainless steel seat. Spirax-Sarco Types
TS-25, T-65 and T-125.

2\. Float - Thermostatic, for saturated steam service: Class 200 iron
body, all stainless steel interior components, screwed. Spirax-Sarco
Types FT-10, FT-32 or FT-550 with ST-14 or ST-17 sensor chamber.

3\. Thermodynamic, for saturated steam service: Class 300 stainless
steel body, hardened stainless steel working surfaces, with integral 20
mesh stainless steel screen and 1/4\" blow down valve, screwed.
Spirax-Sarco TD-S-52 or TD-42 with ST-17 sensor chamber.

[Underground]{.underline}

A. Carrier pipe shall be A53B ERW standard weight (Sch 40) black steel
for steam piping and A53B ERW extra heavy (Sch 80) black steel for
condensate.

B. Insulation shall be mineral wool. Insulation thickness shall be per
the following table:

**Steam** **Condensate**

8\" pipe - 3\" thick 4\" pipe - 1-1/2\" thick

6\" pipe - 2-1/2\" thick 3\" pipe - 1\" thick

4\" pipe - 2\" thick 2\" pipe - 1\" thick

C. Conduit casing shall be either electric resistance welded or spiral
welded steel pipe conforming to ASTM specification A-135. Conduit
thickness shall be 10 gauge.

D. Conduit shall be factory coated with chemically bonded polyurethane
to a 30 mil minimum thickness.

E. Field joints shall be completed by the installing contractor
utilizing the manufacturer\'s furnished kit and instructions. Rolled
steel sleeve shall be installed before making pipe weld. Conduit
closures shall not be welded until carrier pipe has been hydrostatically
tested and approved. Conduit closure sleeves shall be fillet welded to
the casing, air tested to 15 psi, and then covered with a heat
shrinkable wrap-around sleeve.

F. Terminal ends of conduits inside manholes, pits or building walls
shall be equipped with end seals consisting of a steel bulkhead plate
welded to the pipe and conduit. Where there is not anchor within five
feet of a terminal end, conduits shall be equipped with gland seals
consisting of a packed stuffing box and gland follower mounted on a
steel plate welded to the end of the conduit. End seals or gland seals
shall be made of 1/4\" steel plate with vent and drain openings located
diametrically opposite each other on a vertical center line of the steel
plate and shall be shipped to the job sit with threaded plugs already
installed.

G. Conduit anchors are to be 3/4\" thick steel plates conforming to ASTM
A-36, and shall be welded to the casing and carrier pipe. Anchor plates
shall contain drain holes to allow for draining and venting of the
casing past the anchor plate.

H. The installing contractor shall be responsible to excavate, string
conduit, weld, test, place in trench, backfill or otherwise treat and
install the system as per the directions furnished by the manufacturer
and approved by the design engineer in accordance with plans and
specifications. The conduit shall be tested at 15 psig. and the carrier
piping hydrostatically tested to 150 psi.; test pressure shall be held
for two hours. Holiday testing of the conduit shall be the
responsibility of the contractor under the directions furnished by the
manufacturer. All holidays shall be recoated and retested. Holiday
testing shall be performed at 5000 volts.

I. A factory trained or qualified representative of the manufacturer
shall be present at the jobsite during critical periods of the
installation such as unloading, commencement of the installation, and
testing. Back filling shall not commence until approval of tests by the
SNL field representative. Upon completion of the installation, the
manufacturer shall provide a certificate that the installing contractor
has accomplished the work in accordance with the manufacturer\'s
directions. Additionally, the installing contractor shall certify that
he has complied with the manufacturer\'s directions.

J. Similar to Thermacor Process, Inc. Class-A, preinsulated steel piping
system with Novacoat exterior coating.

2.03 [MATERIALS FOR SPACE HEATING AND CHILLED WATER SYSTEMS]{.underline}

A. [Piping]{.underline}

1\. Aboveground: (Heating/Chilled Water)

a\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Schedule 40 black steel, welded (Type E) or
seamless (Type S), ASTM A53, Grade A or B, or Type L hard drawn copper
tubing, ASTM B88.

b\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Schedule 40 black steel, welded (Type E) or
seamless (Type S), ASTM A53, Grades A or B.

2\. Underground: (Chilled Water Only)

a\. Carrier pipe shall be PVC, SDR-26, Class 160, bell and spigot,
O-ring gasket joint pipe conforming to ASTM D-2241 and D-1784. PVC resin
compound shall be PVC-1120, Class Designation 12454-B. Pipe to be rated
for 160 psi at 73°F. Preinsulated pipe sections shall be insulated from
the bell end to just short of the spigot insertion stop mark.

b\. Polyurethane foam insulation shall be injected with one shot into
the annular space between carrier pipe and jacket with a minimum
thickness of one inch. Insulation shall be rigid, 90-95% closed cell
polyurethane with a 2.5 to 3.5 pounds per cubic foot density and
coefficient of thermal conductivity (K-Factor) of 0.14 and shall conform
to ATM C-591. Maximum operating temperature shall not exceed 250 degrees
F. Insulation thickness shall be minimum 2-1/2\".

c\. Jacketing material shall be extruded white polyvinyl chloride,
consisting of clean, virgin NSF approved Class 12454-B PVC compound,
conforming to ASTM D-1784, Type 1, Grade 1. PVC jacket shall have a wall
thickness in mils equal to ten times the nominal jacket diameter and
shall not be less than 60-mils. High density polyethylene (HDPE),
conforming to ASTM D-1248, shall be used for jacketing larger than 20\".
Wall thickness for HDPE jacketing shall be 90-mils for sizes 8\" and
smaller, 100-mils for 10\"-12\", 150-mils for 14\"-22\", and 225-mils
for 24\" and larger. NO FRP jacket allowed.

d\. End seals shall be factory applied, sealed to the jacket and carrier
pipe. End seals shall be certified as having passed a 20-foot head
pressure test. End seals shall be either compression-fit, molded rubber
type dimensioned to fit between the carrier pipe and outer jacket, or
shall be a heat shrinkable end seal installed to overlap the carrier
pipe and outer jacket completely sealing the exposed end of the
insulation. Field applied end seals shall be installed at each field cut
to the piping before continuing with the installation. *Mastic type end
seals are not allowed without prior approval from Sandia National
Laboratories.*

e\. Joints between pipe sections at elbows do not require insulation to
allow for expansion and contraction of the gasketed joint. Straight
field joints to be insulated with pre-cut, flexible urethane foam and
jacketed with a wrap-around, heat shrink sleeve.

f\. Fittings shall be PVC with O-ring gasket joint similar to that of
the PVC pipe. Cast iron fitting conforming to IPS dimensions may be used
for sizes greater than 12\". Fittings are [not]{.underline} insulated
and are poured in concrete thrust blocks at all changes of direction.

g\. Underground systems shall be buried in a trench of not less than two
(2) feet deeper than the top of the pipe and not less than eighteen
inches wider than the combined O.D. of all piping systems. A minimum
thickness of 24 inches of compacted backfill over the top of the pipe
will meet H-20 highway loading.

h\. Trench bottom shall have a minimum of 6\" of sand, gravel, or clean,
select fill material as a cushion for the piping. Pipe and fittings
shall be laid sequentially, field cutting the pipe as necessary per the
manufacturer\'s installation instructions. At least the center 75% of
each section of preinsulated pipe shall be covered (approximately one
foot of cover per 100 psi of test pressure) with select backfill
material and all fittings shall be suitably thrust blocked before
attempting any pressure tests of the system.

i\. A hydrostatic pressure test, shall be performed at one and one-half
times the normal system operating pressure, but not greater than 160 psi
for SSDR-26 pipe, or not greater than 200 psi for SDR-21 pipe. Care
shall be taken to insure all trapped air is removed from the system
prior to the test. *Appropriate safety precautions shall be taken to
guard against possible injury to personnel in the event of a failure.*

j\. Similar to Thermacor Process, Inc. \"Chill-Therm\" preinsulated PVC
piping system.

B. [Fittings]{.underline}

1\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150 banded malleable iron, screwed, ANSI
B16.3; wrought copper and bronze solder-joint, ANSI B16.22; or Schedule
40 wrought steel butt-weld fittings, ANSI B16.9.

2\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Schedule 40 wrought steel butt-weld
fittings, ANSI B16.9.

C. [Flanges]{.underline}. Butt-weld or slip-on, full face.

1\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150, forged steel, screwed, ANSI B16.5.

2\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Class 150, forged steel welding neck, ANSI
B16.5.

D. [Gaskets]{.underline}. 0.175\" thick with 1/8\" solid-metal stay
ring. Material is 304 stainless steel with chlorocarb graphite filler.
Flexitallic, Style CG or Lamons Spiraseal Style WR.

E. [Bolts and Nuts]{.underline}. Bolts shall conform to ASTM A193, Grade
B7. Nuts shall conform to ASTM A194, Grade 2H.

F. [Valves]{.underline}

1\. Gate:

a\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150, threaded ends, bronze body, rising
stem, screwed bonnet, solid wedge disc. Crane No. 428.

b\. 2-1/2 Inches and larger: Class 150, flanged ends, OS&Y, iron body,
bronze trim, rising stem inside thread. Crane No. 465-1/2.

2\. Ball:

a\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150, bronze body, blow-out proof captive
stainless steel stem, double teflon seals and seats, full ported
stainless steel ball. Nibco T-585, 2-piece, threaded ends; Nibco
S595-Y-66, 3-piece, swing-out body, solder ends.

b\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Class 150, flanged ends, carbon steel body
with 316 stainless steel trim, blow-out proof captive stainless steel
stem and ball, double teflon seals and seats. Nibco F510 Series.

3\. Globe:

a\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 125, screwed ends, bronze body, inside
screw, screw-in bonnet, renewable seat and disc. Nibco T-211.

b\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Class 125, iron body conforming to ASTM
A126, Class B, bronze trim, flanged ends, bolted bonnet, bronze disc,
replaceable seats. Crane No. 351.

4\. Plug:

a\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150, iron body, threaded ends, resilient
PTFE sleeve and tapered plug for tight shut-off, non-lubricated. Xomox
Tufline Model 066.

b\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Class 150, iron body, flanged ends,
resilient PTFE sleeve and tapered plug for tight shut-off,
non-lubricated. Xomox Tufline Models 067 or 067EG.

5\. Butterfly: 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Class 200, iron body,
aluminum/bronze disc, stainless steel shaft, resilient seat, O-ring
seals, lug type for dead-end service, lever operator. Nibco LD 2000-5.

6\. Check, Swing:

a\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 125, threaded ends, bronze body, Y
pattern, screw cap. Crane No. 37.

b\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Class 150, flanged, bolted bonnet,
B61-bronze trim or 316 stainless steel trim. Nibco F-938.

7\. Check, Vertical: 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 125, threaded ends,
bronze body, spring actuated, inline lift type, TFE seat ring. Nibco
T-480-Y.

8\. Needle: 1 inch and smaller, positive shut-off for gages, brass.
Whitey \"O\" Series.

9\. Ball: 125 psi SWP, 400 psi W.O.G.

a\. Screwed: 2 piece bronze body, blow-out proof captive stainless steel
stem, teflon seals and seats, full ported 316 stainless steel ball.
Nibco T-585-66.

b\. Flanged: Class 150, iron body, blow-proof captive stainless steel
stem and ball, double teflon seals and seats. Worcester Series 51.

G. [Strainers]{.underline}

1\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Threaded ends, cast iron body with screwed
cap, 20 mesh monel screen for water service. Spirax-Sarco Type \"IT\".

2\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Flanged ends, cast iron body and bolted
cap, 20 mesh monel screen for water service. Spriax-Sarco Type CI-125.

H. [Flexible Connectors]{.underline}

1\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Threaded ends, corrugated inner tube and wire
braid outer shield, Type 321 stainless steel. MetraFlex M/L or S/L.

2\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Flanged ends, corrugated inner tube and
wire braid outer shield, Type 321 stainless steel. MetraFlex M/L or S/L.

I. [Glycol-Resistant Materials]{.underline}. All materials installed in
a system containing a water/glycol solution shall be resistant to
(compatible with) glycol. Suitable materials include steel, iron, and
bronze (red brass).

2.04 [MATERIALS FOR COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEMS (200 PSIG AND
UNDER)]{.underline}

A. [Piping]{.underline}

1\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Schedule 40 black steel, seamless Type S or
welded Type E, Grade A or B, ASTM A53; or Type L hard-drawn copper
tubing, ASTM B88.

2\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Schedule 40 black steel, seamless Type S or
welded Type E, Grade A or B, ASTM A53.

B. [Fittings]{.underline}

1\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150 banded malleable iron, screwed, ANSI
B16.3; Schedule 40 wrought steel butt-weld fittings, ANSI B16.9; or
wrought copper and bronze braze-joint, ANSI B16.22, ASTM B88.

2\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Schedule 40 wrought steel butt-weld
fittings, ANSI B16.9.

C. [Flanges]{.underline}

1\. Flanges 2 inches and smaller shall be Class 150 bronze flanges, ANSI
B16.24, or Class 150 forged steel flanges conforming to ANSI B16.5.

2\. Flanges 2-1/2 inches and larger shall use Class 150, forged steel
flanges conforming to ANSI B16.5 limitations on bolting in 5.3, 6.4, and
on gaskets in 5.4, and are properly aligned and assembled. See also 2.4,
Temperature Considerations.

D. [Gaskets]{.underline}

1\. For steel flanges: 0.175\" thick with 1/8\" solid-metal stay ring.
Material is 304 stainless steel with chlorocarb graphite filler.
Flexitallic Style CG or Lamons Spiraseal Style WR.

2\. For bronze flanges: 0.175\" thick with 1/8\" solid-metal stay ring.
Material is copper with chlorocarb graphite filler. Flexitallic Style CG
or Lamons Spiraseal Style WR.

E. [Bolts and Nuts]{.underline}. Bolts shall conform to ASTM A193, Grade
B7. Nuts shall conform to ASTM A914, Grade 2H.

F. [Flexible Connectors]{.underline}

1\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Threaded ends, corrugated inner tube and wire
braid outer shield, Type 321 stainless steel. MetraFlex M/L or S/L..

2\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Flanged ends, corrugated inner tube and
wire braid outer shield, Type 321 stainless steel. MetraFlex M/L or S/L.

G. [Valves]{.underline}

1\. Gate:

a\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150, threaded ends, bronze body, rising
stem, union bonnet. Crane No. 431.

b\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Class 150, flanged ends, iron body, bronze
trim, bolted bonnet, rising stem. Nibco CS-102.

2\. Globe:

a\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150, threaded ends, bronze body, rising
stem, union bonnet. Crane No. 7TF.

b\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Class 150, flanged ends, cast steel, OS&Y,
bolted bonnet. Nibco CS-132-U.

3\. Plug: Class 150, iron body, flanged or threaded ends, resilient PTFE
sleeve and tapered plug for tight shut-off, non-lubricated. Xomox
Tufline Fig. 066, 067 or 067EG.

4\. Check Valves: Nupro Series C, CP. Series P used for manual purge of
manual vent.

5\. Ball:

a\. 2 Inches and Smaller: Class 150, bronze body, blow-out proof captive
stainless steel stem, double teflon seals and seats, full ported
stainless steel ball. Nibco T-585, 2-piece, threaded ends; Nibco
S-595-Y-66, 3-piece, swing-out body, solder ends.

b\. 2-1/2 Inches and Larger: Class 150, flanged ends, carbon steel body
with 316 stainless trim, blow-out proof captive stainless steel stem and
ball, double teflon seals and seats. Nibco F510 Series.

6\. Needle: 1 inch and smaller, positive shut-off or gages, brass.
Whitey \"0\" Series.

2.05 [MATERIALS FOR CONDENSATE DRAINS - AIR HANDLING
SYSTEMS]{.underline}

A. Seamless, ASTM B88, Type L copper water tube with wrought copper
fittings, ANSI B16.22. Provide lead-free solder for all solder joints.

2.06 [EQUIPMENT]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}. Equipment required for installation on this
contract shall be as specified on the applicable contract drawings and
shall be furnished complete with all accessories normally supplied with
the catalog item listed and all other accessories necessary for a
complete and satisfactory operating system.

B. [Compressed Air Receivers]{.underline}

1\. Receiver shall conform to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
requirements for unfired pressure vessels including the following
specific requirements:

a\. Joint efficiencies, E, used in the design of the receiver shall be
selected in accordance with UW-12(c).

b\. Welded joints shall be examined radiographically for their full
length in accordance with UW-51.

2\. Receiver shall be National Board registered and so stamped.

3\. Receiver shall be equipped with shut-off valve, ASME-rated pressure
relief valve, automatic drain valve, manual-bypass drain valve, pressure
gage with cock, pressure switch, and any other appurtenances required
for satisfactory operation. Size and capacity shall be as listed on the
drawings.

4\. Two copies of the manufacturer\'s data report shall be submitted to
the Sandia Delegated Representative (SDR).

C. [Pressure Relief Valves]{.underline}. Valves shall be ASME stamped
and National Code certified. The valves shall be factory set to maintain
an operating or standby pressure as directed or noted.

D. [Thermometers and Thermowells]{.underline}. Thermometers shall be the
molecular sieve, bourdon tube type, or remote mounted with a stainless
steel case. Each thermometer shall be provided with a separable
thermowell consisting of a 3/8\" stainless steel bore, plug, and chain.
The well shall be the length required for accurate reading of the
thermometer. Where thermometers occur in the insulated piping systems,
or on insulated equipment, extension necks shall be provided so that the
thermometer casing will be outside of the insulation. Ashcroft Duratempe
Type 600.

E. [Gages]{.underline}. Gages shall be safety-type with rear blowout
plug or equal, clear plastic cover, and sides and front consisting of
one integral part. Range shall be at least 1.2 times the system relief
pressure. Gages shall be installed with snubbers and 1/4\" bronze needle
valves. All gages for steam systems shall be provided with siphon tubes
and snubbers.

F. [Automatic Air Vents]{.underline}. Air vents shall be Spirax-Sarco
Type 13W with brass bodies, all non-ferrous internals and 150 psi
maximum operating pressure. Vents shall be capable of accepting 1/4\"
O.D. copper tubing.

[PART 3 - EXECUTION]{.underline}

3.01 [PIPING INSTALLATION]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}. Piping installation shall be coordinated, with
respect to space available, with heating, ventilating, and electrical
installation. In every instance where there is a conflict in the routing
of the piping and the ducting, the routing of the ducting shall govern.
Installed piping shall not interfere with the operation or accessibility
of doors or windows; shall not encroach on aisles, passageways, and
equipment; and shall not interfere with the servicing or maintenance of
equipment. Pipe shall be cut accurately to measurements established at
the construction site and shall be worked into place without springing
or forcing, properly clearing all openings and equipment. Cutting or
weakening of structural members to facilitate piping installation is not
permitted. Pipes shall have burrs removed by reaming and shall be so
installed as to permit free expansion and contraction without damage to
joints or hangers. Piping above ground shall be run parallel with the
lines of the building unless otherwise noted on the drawings. Unless
otherwise shown on the drawings, horizontal piping shall pitch down in
the direction of flow with grade of not less than 1 inch in 40 feet.
Service pipe, valves, and fittings shall be located a sufficient
distance from other work to permit the installation of the finished
covering not less than 1/2 inch from such other work, and not less than
1/2 inch between the finished covering on the different services.

B. [Reducers]{.underline}. Reduction in pipe sizes shall be made with
one-piece reducing fittings. Forged bushings will be acceptable ONLY
when there is no room for reducing couplings or swagged nipples and the
reduction of at least two pipe sizes. Bushings shall not be used for
fuel gas service. Only eccentric reducers will be permitted in steam
applications. Cast bushings ARE NOT acceptable.

C. [Unions]{.underline}. All piping unions shall be of the ground joint
type, constructed from materials equivalent in alloy composition and
strength to other fittings specified with which they are used. Union
pressure classes and end connections shall be the same as the fittings
used in the lines with the unions.

1\. Steel unions shall have hardened stainless steel seating surfaces on
both faces.

2\. Dielectric unions shall be used to connect dissimilar metals (such
as steel to copper) to prevent electrolytic action.

D. [Installation of Valves]{.underline}. Valves shall be installed at
the locations shown on the drawings and where specified. Gate valves
shall be used unless otherwise shown, specified, or directed by the
Sandia Delegated Representative (SDR). All valves shall be installed
with their stems horizontal or above and with sufficient clearance to
allow the inspection and repair of two-piece and three-piece valves in
place. All screwed valves shall be installed with a down stream union.

E. [Hangers and Anchors]{.underline}

1\. All piping shall be rigidly supported from the building structure by
means of adjustable ring-type hangers. (WELDING TO BUILDING STRUCTURE
WILL NOT BE PERMITTED). Where pipes run side by side, support on rod and
angle iron or Unistrut trapeze hangers. Hanger spacing shall be as
follows:

a\. Horizontal:

[Steel Piping]{.underline} [Maximum Spacing]{.underline}

3/8\" and smaller 4\'-0\"

1/2\" through 1\" 7\'-0\"

1-1/4\" through 4\" 10\'-0\"

5\" through 8\" 16\'-0\"

10\" and larger 10\'-0\"

[Copper Piping Maximum Spacing]{.underline}

3/8\" and smaller 4\'-0\"

1/2\" through 3/4\" 6\'-0\"

1\" through 1-1/2\" 8\'-0\"

2\" and larger 10\'-0\"

b\. Vertical: Steel and copper piping shall be supported at 10\'-0\"
intervals, maximum.

2\. Round rods supporting the pipe hangers shall be of the following
dimensions:

3/8\" to 2\" pipe 3/8\" rod

2-1/2\" to 3\" pipe 1/2\" rod

4\" to 5\" pipe 5/8\" rod

6\" pipe 3/4\" rod

8\" through 12\" 7/8\" rod

14\" through 16\" 1\" rod

3\. Rods for trapeze hangers shall be a minimum of 3/8 inch and shall
have the equivalent cross section, listed in 3.01.E.2, per pipe
supported. The use of pipe hooks, chains, perforated iron strapping or
wire for pipe supports will not be permitted.

4\. Hanger rods shall be galvanized carbon steel per ASTM A307, Grade B,
threaded per ANSI B1.1 coarse thread series, Class 2A fit:

a\. Hanger rods shall have minimum 6\" threaded ends.

b\. All hanger rod connections shall use double nut fastening.

5\. Hanger rods shall be installed vertically. No offset in hanger rod
will be permitted.

6\. Place a hanger within 1\'-0\" of each horizontal elbow.

7\. Use hangers which are vertically adjustable 1-1/2\" minimum after
piping is erected.

8\. Use copper straps on copper pipe and ferrous hangers on ferrous
pipe.

9\. Soft copper tubing, where permitted, shall be fastened to the
building structure with Unistrut type clamps and spaced not more than
4\'-0\" apart.

10\. On 4\" and larger piping, install hangers adjacent (within 1\'-0\"
on each side) to all horizontal elbows, strainers, check valves, valves,
and all flanged items.

11\. \"C\" clamp style hanger shall only be installed with retaining
clip.

F. [Piping Equipment Supports and Fastenings]{.underline}. Fixtures and
equipment shall be solidly supported and securely fastened. Installation
shall include suitable backing to anchor all hanging fixtures and
equipment.

G. [Air Vents (For Closed Water Systems)]{.underline}

1\. Manual: Where air vent locations are 8\'-0\" or more above the
floor, 1/4-inch O.D. copper tubing shall be installed at the point of
venting and extended down with the needle valve installed 7\'-0\" above
the floor for easy access.

2\. Automatic Air Vents: Automatic air vents shall be size 1/2 inch, 150
psi maximum operating pressure. A manual shutoff valve shall be
installed [ahead]{.underline} of each automatic air vent. Body of brass,
for use on hot or cold water, with threaded outlet for 1/4\" O.D. copper
tube. Do not install automatic vent valves in the glycol system.

3\. Each branch and main system high point shall be vented with a manual
vent, after installation, as required to permit removal of all air from
the system.

H. [Equipment Connections]{.underline}. All piping connections to pumps
and other equipment shall be installed without strain at the pipe
connection of the equipment. The Contractor shall be required as
directed by the Sandia Delegated Representative (SDR) to remove the
bolts in flanged connections or disconnect piping to demonstrate that
the piping has been so connected. Pipe connections to equipment shall be
made with unions or flanged fittings.

I. [Joints]{.underline}

1\. Flanged Joints: All flanged joints shall be face matched. Raised
face flanges shall not be mated to flat-faced cast-iron flanges on
valves or equipment. The raised face must be machined flush. All flange
bolt holes shall straddle the horizontal and vertical centerlines unless
otherwise noted. Bolting shall comply with ANSI/ASME B31.1, Power
Piping. Torque values and tightening sequence for bolts shall be in
accordance with flange manufacturer\'s instructions.

Install insulating kits on flanges connecting dissimilar metals (such as
steel to copper) to prevent electrolytic action.

The following procedure shall be followed when making final assembly of
a bolted flange joint.

a\. Install the gasket on the gasket seating surface and bring the cover
flange in contact with the gasket.

b\. Install all bolts, making sure they are free of dirt and grit, and
are well lubricated.

c\. Run-up all nuts finger tight.

d\. Develop the required torque in each bolt in a minimum of four steps:

\(1\) The first sequence shall set the bolts at 30% of the required
torque. Damage to the gasket can result beyond this amount for the first
sequence.

\(2\) The second sequence shall set the bolts at 60% of the required
torque.

\(3\) The third sequence shall set the bolts at 90% of the required
torque.

\(4\) The fourth sequence shall set the bolts at 100% of the required
torque. A final tightening should be performed in a clockwise
bolt-to-bolt sequence to ensure that all bolts have been evenly
stressed.

By following the above steps, a reasonably even compressive force can be
exerted on the gasket. For low-pressure applications, exacting torque
values for bolts are not required. Instead, it is much more important
that each bolt is fairly evenly stressed.

2\. Screwed Joints: Screwed pipe joints shall have American Standard
Taper Pipe Threads ANSI-B1.2. Care shall be taken that the inside of
pipe is thoroughly clean and free of cutting oil and foreign matter
before installation. Metal screwed pipe joints shall be made leak-tight
by the use of Teflon tape and approved Teflon thread sealing and
lubricating compound.

3\. Nitrogen Purge: A dry nitrogen purse is required inside piping or
tubing during brazing.

a\. Purge manifold shall be fabricated to the same specification as the
piping system.

b\. For continuous runs of piping, brazing shall begin at the purge port
area and continue through the system. The purge connection shall not be
change. Use purge restrictor at end of piping run. Stainless steel
compression fittings with nylon ferrules can be used for temporary
restrictions on tees and tube ends.

c\. Do not begin brazing until piping is fully purged of air.

d\. While brazing, the minimum purge rate shall be 15 SCFH for 1/4 inch
piping, 25 SCFH for piping through 3/4 inch, and 35 SCFH for larger
piping.

e\. Purge shall continue after completion of braze until joint is cool
enough to touch with bare hands.

4\. Brazed/Solder Joints:

a\. Cut tube ends square. Ream, remove burrs, and size.

b\. All joints, in compressed air service, greater than 60 psig or
service temperatures (any media) greater than 200°F, shall be brazed.

c\. Brazed copper to copper joints shall be made with a silver brazing
alloy conforming to AWS A5.8, BCup-5 (15% silver). Joints shall comply
with ANSI/ASME B31.1 Power Piping.

d\. Brazed copper, or copper to stainless steel joints shall be made
with a silver brazing alloy conforming to AWS A5.8, BAg-7 (45% silver).
Joints shall comply with ANSI/ASME B31.1 Power Piping.

e\. All solder joints, for copper tubing, shall be made with 95-5
tin-antimony solder with the following exception:

Solder containing antimony SHALL NOT be used to join metals containing
zinc (e.g., galvanized iron, galvanized steel, and brass).

f\. Use sand cloth or a steel wire brush to clean surfaces to be joined.
Steel wool IS NOT permitted.

5\. Welded Joints: All pipe surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned before
welding. Each joint, except socket-weld joints, shall be beveled before
being welded. The contractor shall provide an approved, non-asbestos mat
or blanket to protect the structure and adequate fire protection
equipment at all locations where welding is done. Welding sockets or
weldolets may be used in lieu of reducing otulet tees for branch
connections up to one-half the size of the main run. On connections
larger than one-half the size of the main run, welding tees shall be
used. The use of fittings formed from welded pipe sections IS NOT
PERMITTED.

J. [System Drains]{.underline}. Drains indicated on the drawings in
connection with water distribution systems shall be 1/2\" bronze valves
(gate) with bronze caps or plugs, unless otherwise noted. Additional
drains shall be installed at low points on the hot water and chilled
water piping to insure proper draining of the system, and all piping
shall pitch to the drains. Hose bibs (3/4\") shall be provided as drain
valves at low points.

K. Discharge from pressure relief valves shall be piped full-size and
extended to the outside of the building structure, unless otherwise
shown on the drawings.

L. Insulation of all pipes, valves, fittings, and equipment shall be in
accordance with Standard Specification, Section 15250, unless noted
otherwise on the drawings.

M. [Identification and Labels]{.underline}. All piping systems shall be
labeled and identified in accordance with Standard Specification,
Section 15050.

N. [Cross-Connection Prevention]{.underline}

1\. A backflow prevention device approved by the Foundation for Cross
Connection Control and Hydraulic Research, University of Southern
California (USC-FCCCHR) and IAPMO shall be installed at all piping,
equipment, and temporary fill connections that establish a
cross-connection between a potable water system and a polluted or
contaminated system such as a drainage system, or fire protection
system.

2\. All hose bibs shall be protected with an approved (USC-FCCCHR and
IAPMO) integral vacuum breaker device.

3\. All piping downstream of any backflow prevention device shall be
labeled \"Non-Potable Water\" or NPW in accordance with Standard
Specification, Section 1550.

4\. All backflow prevention devices installed under this contract shall
be tested by a \"Certified Backflow Assembly Tester\" who possesses a
current (within three (3) years from date of issuance) certificate thta
confirms successful completion of an approved (USC-FCCCHR or Colorado
Environmental Training Center, Golden, Colorado) training course.

5\. The Contractor shall provide testing of all backflow prevention
devices installed under this contract and submit documentation of
testing to the Sandia Delegated Representative (SDR).

0\. [Compressed Air Receivers]{.underline}. Install receiver with
sufficient clearance to allow access to manhole or armhole.

> P. [Contamination Prevention]{.underline}
>
> 1\. Pipe interiors shall be kept free of debris.
>
> 2\. Interior surfaces of potable water pipes, valves and fittings
> shall be protected against contamination, as well as debris. All
> openings in pipelines shall be closed with watertight plugs when work
> is halted on the system. Sealing and packing materials shall not
> support the growth of bacteria. Trenches that become wet shall be
> treated with calcium hypochlorite granules to prevent bacterial
> growth.

3.02 [TESTS]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}

Before insulation is applied, all piping, equipment, and accessories
installed under the contract shall be inspected and pressure tested by
the Contractor in the presence of the Sandia Delegated Representative
(SDR) and approved before acceptance. All labor, material, and equipment
required for testing shall be furnished by the Contractor. The
Contractor shall be responsible for all repairs and retesting as
required. All instruments and other equipment whose safe pressure range
is below that of the test pressure shall be removed from the line or
blanked off before applying the tests. Prior to performing tests, all
lines shall be blown free of all loose dirt and foreign particles. The
lines shall then be thoroughly flushed with water (liquid lines only) or
compressed air at a sufficient flow rate and period of time to insure
complete cleaning on the line of all dirt, scale, and foreign matter.
Cleaning and flushing of the lines shall be subject to approval by the
SDR. After testing and flushing lines, all filters and strainers shall
be cleaned.

B. [Testing]{.underline}

1\. Steam, condensate, hot water and chilled water piping shall be
tested hydrostatically at the test pressures specified and shall show no
drop in pressure in a 2-hour period.

2\. Compressed air piping shall be tested using compressed air or dry
nitrogen, as indicated at the test pressures specified and shall show no
drop pressure in a 2-hour period, gas leaks shall be located by soap
testing.

C. [Test Pressures]{.underline}

Unless otherwise specified, hydrostatic test pressure shall be 1.5 times
the system operating pressure, pneumatic test pressure shall be 1.25
times system operating pressure, or as noted below.

TEST PRESSURE (psig)

[SYSTEM]{.underline} [Hydrostatic]{.underline} [Pneumatic]{.underline}

Steam System (125 psig) 225 \--

Steam System (30 psig & less) 50 \--

Condensate System 100 \--

Space Heating Water and Chilled

Water System 100 \--

Compressed Air System \-- 250

END OF SECTION