Project Number: AW-2271

Contract Number: TW-0663

November 4, 1994

SPECIAL SPECIFICATION

SECTION 04221

[CONCRETE MASONRY]{.underline}

Page

[PART 1 - GENERAL]{.underline}

1.01 Description Of Work 1

1.02 Delivery, Storage And Handling 1

1.03 Submittals 1

1.04 Job Conditions 2

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.01 Materials, General 2

2.02 Concrete Masonry Units (CMU) 3

2.03 Mortar 3

2.05 Grout 4

2.06 Masonry Accessories 5

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 Inspection 6

3.02 Placing Reinforcement 6

3.03 Installation 6

3.04 Grouting 8

3.05 Repair, Pointing, And Cleaning, And Waterproofing 9

SPECIAL SPECIFICATION

SECTION 04221

[CONCRETE MASONRY]{.underline}

# PART 1 - GENERAL

## 1.01 [DESCRIPTION OF WORK]{.underline}

A. [Extent of Work]{.underline}: The extent of each type of unit masonry
work is shown on the drawings and in schedules and specifications.

B. [Related Work]{.underline}: Building insulation.

## 1.02 [DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING]{.underline}

A. [Delivery]{.underline}: Deliver masonry materials to project in
undamaged condition.

B. [Storage]{.underline}: Store and handle masonry products to prevent
their deterioration or damage due to moisture, tempera­ture changes, etc.

1\. Limit moisture absorption of CMU during delivery and until time of
installation to the maximum percentage specified for Type I units.

2\. Store cementitious materials off the ground, under a covering in a
dry location.

3\. Store masonry accessories including metal items to prevent
deterioration by corrosion and accumulation of dirt.

## 1.03 [SUBMITTALS]{.underline}

A. [Provide written certification]{.underline} that products to be used
meet or exceed the requirements stated in this specifica­tion and that
materials to be used on this project meet the fire performance
characteristics stated.

Provide manufacturer\'s written certification as to the hourly fire
resistance rating of the material, referencing testing laboratories
results where applicable.

B. [Provide manufacturer\'s specifications and product data]{.underline}
for all masonry materials and accessories.

C. [Provide steel producers certificates]{.underline} of mill tests for
all reinforcing.

D. [Provide mortar color samples]{.underline} or charts for mortar color
selection.

## 1.04 [JOB CONDITIONS]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}: Protect newly laid masonry from exposure to
precipita­tion, excessive drying, freezing, soiling, backfill, and other
harmful elements.

At the end of each day\'s work and whenever there is perceptible rain or
drizzle, the tops and upper 2 feet on both sides of all masonry work
except floors shall be protected and kept protected by
rain-and-wind­proof, well-anchored covering such as heavy polyethy­lene or
tar­paulins. Such protection shall be continued until the masonry
receives its permanent structural or other top/covering per design.

B. [Staining]{.underline}: Prevent grout or mortar from staining the
face of masonry to be left exposed or painted. Immediately remove grout
or mortar in contact with such masonry. Protect sills, ledges and
projections from droppings of mortar.

C. [Cold Weather Protection]{.underline}:

1\. Remove any ice or snow formed on masonry bed by carefully applying
heat until top surface is dry to the touch. Remove all masonry
determined to be frozen or damaged by freezing conditions.

2\. Do not erect masonry when the ambient temperature is below 32
degrees F on a rising temperature or below 40 degrees F on a falling
temperature unless special provisions are made for heating the materials
and protecting the work.

D. [Hot Weather Protection]{.underline}: Protect masonry construction
from direct exposure to wind and sun when erected in an ambient air
temperature of 90 degrees F (32 degrees C) or greater in the shade, with
relative humidity less than 50%, or when the relative humidity is less
than 40% at any temperature, for at least 24 hours.

# PART 2 - PRODUCTS

## 2.01 [MATERIALS, GENERAL]{.underline}

All materials used shall not contain asbestos fibers.

## 2.02 [CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS (CMU)]{.underline}

A. [Manufacturer]{.underline}: Obtain masonry units from one
manufac­turer, of uniform texture and color for each kind required for
each continuous area and visually related area.

B. [Fire Performance Characteristics]{.underline}: Where indicated,
provide materials and construction to meet fire resistance stated, which
are identical to those of assemblies whose fire endurance has been
determined by testing in compliance with ASTM E119.

C. [Size and Standards]{.underline}: Manufacturer\'s standard load
bearing units with nominal face dimen­sions of 16\" long x 8\" high (15-
5/8\" x 7- 5/8\"), unless otherwise shown.

1\. Standard, plain, normal weight, uncolored units unless shown
otherwise.

2\. Use 8 split/flute 4 inches thick and 8 inches thick block, as shown
on the drawings, with red scoria aggregate and 1-1/4 inch projecting
flutes.

3\. All block to be per latest revision of ASTM C90, Grade N, Type 1.

D. [Special Shapes]{.underline}: Provide where required for lintels,
corners, jambs, sash, control joints, headers, bonding, and other
special conditions.

## 2.03 [MORTAR]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}: Under no conditions shall air entrainment be
used in mortar. Under no conditions shall masonry cement be used for
mortar.

B. [Portland Cement]{.underline}: ASTM C150, Type I, except Type III may
be used for cold weather construction.

C. [Hydrated Lime]{.underline}: ASTM C207, Type S.

D. [Water]{.underline}: Clean and potable.

E. [Sand]{.underline}: ASTM C144.

F. [Type]{.underline}: Mortar mix proportions per ASTM C270:

1\. [Walls Below Grade]{.underline}: Type M, 1/4 lime to 1 Portland
cement, 2500 psi compressive strength.

2\. [Exterior Walls Above Grade]{.underline}: Type S, 1/4 to 1/2 lime to
1 Portland cement, 1800 psi.

3\. [Interior Load Bearing Walls]{.underline}: Type S.

4\. [Interior Non-load bearing Partitions]{.underline}: Type S or Type
N, 1/2 to 1-1/4 lime to 1 Portland cement, 750 psi.

5\. Do not add admixtures unless otherwise indicated.

## 2.05 [GROUT]{.underline}

A. [Portland Cement]{.underline}: ASTM C150, Type I.

B. Hydrated Lime: ASTM C207, Type S.

C. [Water]{.underline}: Clean and potable.

D. [Aggregate]{.underline}:ASTM C404, coarse aggregate size No. 8 and
fine aggregate size No. 1.

E. [Proportions]{.underline}: 2000 psi compressive strength.

1 part Portland cement

1/10 part hydrated lime

3 parts sand

2 parts coarse aggregate

Do not add admixtures unless otherwise indicated.

F. [Color]{.underline}: Natural gray.

## 2.06 [MASONRY ACCESSORIES]{.underline}

A. [Horizontal Joint Reinforcement]{.underline}:

1\. Where indicated, install welded wire units prefabri­cated in straight
lengths of not less than 10 feet, with matching corner and tee units.
Fabricate from cold-drawn steel wire complying with ASTM A82, with
deformed continuous side rods and plain cross-rods, and a unit width of
1-1/2 to 2 inches less than thickness of wall or parti­tion.

2\. Where indicated, install truss type fabricated with single pair of 9
gauge side rods and 9 gauge con­tinuous diagonal cross-rods spaced not
more than 16 inches o.c. (unless other­wise detailed on the drawings).

3\. For interior walls, fabricated from mill galvanized wire.

4\. For exterior walls, hot-dip galvanized after fabrica­tion with 0.8
oz. zinc coating, ASTM A116, Class 3.

B. [Reinforcing Bars]{.underline}: Deformed steel, ASTM A615, Grade 60
of the sizes shown or indicated on the drawings. Shop fabricate and bend
bars which are shown to be bent or hooked.

C. [Anchoring Devices for Masonry]{.underline}: Provide straps, bars,
bolts and rods fabricated from not less than 16 gauge sheet metal or
3/8-inch diameter rod stock, unless otherwise indicated.

D. [Miscellaneous Masonry Accessories]{.underline}:

1\. [Nonmetallic Expansion Joint Strips]{.underline}: Provide pre­molded,
compressible, elastic fillers of foam rubber, or neoprene, complying
with ASTM D1056, Grade RE41E1 capable of compression up to 35% of width.

2\. [Premolded Control Joint Strips]{.underline}: Solid rubber strips
with a Shore A durometer hardness of 60 to 80, designed to fit standard
sash block and maintain lateral stability in masonry wall, size and
config­uration as indicated.

3\. [Weep Holes]{.underline}: Install medium density polyethylene 1/4
inch diameter x 4 inch long tubes as weep holes where indicated.

4\. [Waterproofing]{.underline}: Provide \"Prime-a-Pell 200\" one coat
water repellent on all exterior exposed CMU.

# PART 3 - EXECUTION

## 3.01 [INSPECTION]{.underline}

Masonry installer must examine the areas and conditions under which
masonry is to be installed and notify the Inspector of conditions
detrimental to the proper and timely completion of the work. Do not
proceed with the work until unsatisfactory conditions have been
corrected in a manner acceptable to masonry installer and Sandia
Designated Representative (SDR).

## 3.02 [PLACING REINFORCEMENT]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}: Clean reinforcement of loose rust, mill scale,
earth, ice, or other materials which will reduce bond to mortar or
grout. Do not use reinforcement bars with kinks or bends not shown on
drawings or final shop drawings, or bars with reduced cross-section due
to excessive rusting or other causes.

1\. Position reinforcement accurately at the spacing shown. Support and
secure vertical bars against displacement. Horizontal reinforcement may
be placed as the masonry work progresses. Where vertical bars are shown
in close proximity, provide a clear distance between bars of not less
than the nominal bar diameter or 1 inch, whichever is greater.

2\. Where columns, piers and pilasters are indicated, provide a clear
distance between vertical bars as shown, but not less than 1-1/2 times
the nominal bar diameter or 1-1/2 inches, whichever is greater. Provide
lateral ties as shown.

3\. Provide lapped splices, unless otherwise shown. In splicing vertical
bars or attaching to dowels, lap ends, place in contact, and wire tie.
Provide not less than minimum lap indicated, or if not indicated, as
required by latest edition of UBC.

B. [Horizontal Joint Reinforcing]{.underline}: If horizontal joint
reinforcing is not otherwise indicated on drawings, provide continuous
horizontal joint truss or ladder reinforcing in every other course.
Fully embed longi­tudinal side rods in mortar for their entire length
with a minimum cover of 5/8 inch for exterior side of walls and 1/2 inch
at other locations. Lap reinforcement a minimum of 6 inches. Do not
bridge control and expansion joints with truss or ladder reinforcing,
unless otherwise indicated. Provide continuity at corners and wall
intersections by use of prefabricated \"L\" and \"T\" sections.

## 3.03 [INSTALLATION]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}: Build masonry construction to the full
thick­ness shown using units of nominal thickness shown or specified.

1\. Cut masonry units with motor-driven dry-cutting saw designed to cut
masonry with clean, sharp, unchipped edges. Cut units as required to
provide pattern shown and to fit adjoining work neatly. Use full units
without cutting wherever possible.

2\. Do not wet concrete masonry units, except to dampen slightly before
installation in extremely hot weather, strictly and only as recommended
by National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA).

3\. Do not use frozen materials or materials mixed or coated with ice or
frost. Do not build on frozen work. Remove and replace masonry work
damaged by frost or freezing.

4\. Do not lower the freezing point of mortar by use of admixtures or
anti-freeze agents. Calcium chloride is prohibited in any mortar or
grout.

5\. Layout walls in advance for accurate spacing of surface bond
patterns, with uniform joint widths and to properly locate openings,
movement-type joints, returns and offsets. Avoid the use of
less-than-half-size units at corners, jambs, and wherever possible at
other locations. Lay-up walls plumb and true and with courses level,
accurately spaced, and coordinated with other work.

6\. Stopping and Resuming Work: Rack back 1/2 masonry unit length in
each course; do not tooth. Clean exposed surfaces of set masonry, and
remove loose masonry units and mortar prior to laying fresh masonry.

7\. Built-In Work: As the work progresses, build in items specified
under this and other sections of these specifica­tions. Fill in solidly
with masonry around built-in items. Fill space between hollow metal
frames and masonry solidly with mortar. Leave openings for equipment to
be installed before completion of masonry work. After installation of
equipment, complete masonry work to match work immediately adjacent to
the opening.

8\. Lay masonry units with full-face shell mortar beds. Fill vertical
head joints (end joints between units) solidly with mortar from face of
unit to a distance behind face equal to not less than the thickness of
longitudinal face shells. Solidly bed cross-webs of starting courses in
mortar. Maintain head and bed joint widths shown, or if not shown,
provide 3/8-inch joints.

B. [Walls]{.underline}:

1\. [Pattern Bond]{.underline}: Lay wall units in running bond with
vertical joints in each course centered on units in courses above and
below, unless other­wise indi­cated. At radiused walls, lay masonry units
in stack bond with vertical joints aligned above and below. Cut block
side to taper as required for block to align in smooth curves without
enlarged vertical joints, see drawings. Bond and interlock each course
at corners and intersections. Use special-shaped units where shown, and
as required for corners, jambs, sash, control joints, lintels, bond
beams, and other special conditions.

2\. Maintain vertical continuity of core or cell cavi­ties, which are to
be reinforced and grouted, to provide minimum clear dimensions indicated
and to provide minimum clearance and grout coverage for vertical
reinforcement bars. Keep cavities free of mortar where adjacent to
reinforced cores or cells.

3\. Where horizontal reinforced beams (bond beams) are shown, use
special units or modify regular units to allow for placement of
continuous horizontal rein­forcement bars. Place small mesh expanded
metal lath or screening in mortar joints under bond beam courses or
provide units with solid bottoms.

C. [Columns, Piers, and Pilasters]{.underline}: Use CMU of the size,
shape and number of vertical core spaces shown. If not shown, use units
which provide minimum clearances and grout coverage for number and size
of vertical reinforce­ment bars shown.

D. [Control and Expansion Joints]{.underline}:

1\. Provide vertical expansion, control and isolation joints in masonry
where shown. Build-in related masonry accessory items as the masonry
work progres­ses. Rake out mortar in preparation for applica­tion of
caulking and sealants.

2\. If location of control joints is not shown, place vertical joints
spaced not to exceed 30\'-0\" o.c. Locate control joints at points of
natural weakness in the masonry work.

E. [Miscellaneous Items]{.underline}: Install reglets and nailers for
flashing and other related work where shown or required to be built into
masonry work.

F. [Construction Tolerances]{.underline}:

1\. [Variation from Plumb]{.underline}: For vertical lines and surfaces
of columns, walls and arrises, do not exceed 1/4 inch in 10 feet, or 3/8
inch in a story height not to exceed 20 feet, nor 1/2 inch in 40 feet or
more. For external corners, expansion joints, control joints and other
conspicuous lines, do not exceed 1/4 inch in any story or 20 feet
maximum, nor 1/2 inch in 40 feet or more. For vertical alignment of head
joints do not exceed plus or minus 1/4 inch in 10 feet, 1/2 inch
maximum.

2\. [Variation from Level]{.underline}: For bed joints and lines of
exposed lintels, sills, parapets, horizontal grooves and other
conspicuous lines, do not exceed 1/4 inch in any bay or 20 feet maximum,
nor 1/2 inch in 40 feet or more. For top surface of bearing walls do not
exceed 1/8 inch between adjacent floor elements in 10 feet or 1/16 inch
within width of a single unit.

3\. [Variation of Linear Building Line]{.underline}: For position shown
in plan and related portion of columns, walls and partitions, do not
exceed 1/2 inch in any bay or 20 feet maximum, nor 3/4 inch in 40 feet
or more.

4\. [Variation in Cross-Sectional Dimensions]{.underline}: For columns
and thickness of walls, from dimensions shown, do not exceed minus 1/4
inch nor plus 1/2 inch.

5\. [Variation in Mortar Joint Thickness]{.underline}: Do not exceed bed
joint thickness indicated by more than plus or minus 1/8 inch, with a
maximum thickness limited to 1/2 inch. Do not exceed head joint
thickness indicated by more than plus or minus 1/8 inch. Do not allow
vertical joints to enlarge at curves.

G. [Tooling]{.underline}: Tool exposed joints slightly concave using a
jointer larger than joint thickness, unless otherwise indicated.

## 3.04 [GROUTING]{.underline}

A. [General]{.underline}: Place reinforcement before grouting. Place
before or after laying masonry units, as required by job condi­tions.

B. [Preparation]{.underline}: Prior to grouting, inspect and clean grout
spaces. Remove dust, dirt, mortar droppings, loose pieces of masonry and
other foreign materials from grout spaces. After final cleaning and
inspection, close cleanout holes and brace closures to resist grout
pressures. Lay CMU to maximum pour height. Do not place grout until
entire height of masonry to be grouted has attained sufficient strength
to resist dis­placement of masonry units and breaking of mortar bond.
Install shores and bracing, if required, before starting grouting
operations.

C. [Pouring]{.underline}: Limit grout pours to sections which can be
completed in one working day, with not more than one-hour interruption
of pouring operation. Place grout in lifts which do not exceed 5 feet.
Allow not less than 30 minutes, nor more than one hour, between lifts of
a given pour. Rod or vibrate each grout lift during pouring operation.
When more than one pour is required to complete a given section of
masonry, extend reinforcement beyond masonry as required for splicing.
Pour grout to within 1-1/2 inches of top course of first pour. After
grouted masonry is cured, lay masonry units and place reinforcement for
second pour section before grouting. Repeat sequence if more pours are
required.

D. [Bond Beams]{.underline}: Stop grout in vertical cells 1-1/2 inches
below bond beam course. Place horizontal reinforcement in bond beams;
lap at corners and intersections as shown. Place grout in bond beam
course before filling vertical cores above bond beam.

## 3.05 [REPAIR, POINTING, AND CLEANING, AND WATERPROOFING]{.underline}

A. [Repairs]{.underline}: Remove and replace masonry units which are
loose, chipped, broken, stained or otherwise damaged, or if units do not
match adjoining units as intended. Provide new units to match adjoining
units and install in fresh mortar or grout, pointed to eliminate
evidence of replacement.

B. [Pointing]{.underline}: During the tooling of joints, enlarge any
voids or holes, except weep holes, and completely fill with mortar.
Point-up all joints at corners, openings and adjacent work to provide a
neat, uniform appearance, properly prepared for application of caulking
or sealant compounds.

C. [Cleaning]{.underline}: Clean exposed masonry by dry brushing at the
end of each day\'s work and after final pointing to remove mortar spots
and droppings.

D. [Waterproofing]{.underline}: Apply waterproofing in single coat
according to the manufacturers installation instructions ensuring that
all exposed masonry surfaces receive full coverage.

END OF SECTION