### **ITEM F-161 WIRE FENCE WITH STEEL POSTS (Classes C and D Fences)**

DESCRIPTION

**161-1.1**  This item covers the requirements for furnishing materials
and constructing new wire fences and gates with steel posts in
accordance with the details included herein and as shown on the plans. 
The class of fence to be erected shall be either Class C, woven wire
fencing surmounted by two strands of barbed wire, or Class D, four
strands of barbed wire, as indicated on the plans and in the bid
proposal.

MATERIALS

**161-2.1 WIRE.**

**a. Woven Wire (Zinc-coated).**  The woven wire fencing shall be 7‑bar,
26‑inch (66 cm) field fence with top and bottom wires No. 10 gauge, and
filler and stay wires No. 12 1/2 gauge.  Stay wires shall be spaced 6
inches (150 mm) apart.  All wire shall be smooth galvanized steel wire
conforming to ASTM A 121, Type B.  All wires shall be two‑dip and spaced
as shown on the plans.

**b. Barbed Wire (Zinc-coated).**  Zinc‑coated barbed wire shall be
2‑strand twisted No. 12 1/2 gauge galvanized steel wire with 4‑point
barbs of No. 14 gauge galvanized steel wire.  All wire shall conform to
ASTM A 121, Type A.  The barbs shall be spaced approximately 4 inches
(100 mm) apart.

**c. Barbed Wire (Copper-covered).**  Copper‑covered steel barbed wire
shall conform to ASTM A 121, Type A.

**d. Barbed Wire (Aluminum-coated).**  Aluminum‑coated steel barbed wire
shall be 2‑strand twisted No. 12 1/2 gauge.  The 4‑point barbs of No. 14
gauge aluminum‑coated steel wire shall be spaced approximately 5 inches
(125 mm) apart.  The steel wire shall have a tensile strength of between
60,000 and 80,000 pounds per square inch (413 400 and 551 200 kPa) and
the aluminum coating shall have a minimum weight of .30 ounce per square
foot (0.07 kilogram per square meters) of wire surface on the No. 12 1/2
gauge line wire and .25 ounce per square foot (0.06 kg/square meter) of
wire surface on the No. 14 gauge barbs.

**e. Bracing Wire (Zinc-coated).**  Wire used for cable for bracing
shall be No. 9 smooth galvanized soft wire.

**161-2.2 FENCE POSTS, GATES, RAILS, BRACES, AND ACCESSORIES.**  These
items, when specified, shall conform to the requirements of Fed. Spec.
RR‑F‑191 and shall be zinc‑coated.

**161-2.3 CONCRETE.**  Concrete shall be of a commercial grade with a
minimum 28‑day compressive strength of 2500 psi.

CONSTRUCTION METHODS

**161-3.1 GENERAL.**  The fence shall be constructed in accordance with
the details on the plans and as specified herein using new materials,
and all work shall be performed in a workmanlike manner satisfactory to
the Engineer.  Prior to the beginning of the work or upon the request of
the Contractor, the Engineer shall locate the position of the work by
establishing and marking the property line or fence line.  When
directed, the Contractor shall span the opening below the fence with
barbed wire fastened to stakes of the required length at locations of
small natural or drainage ditches where it is not practical to conform
the fence to the general contour of the ground surface.  The new fence
shall be permanently tied to the terminals of existing fences whenever
required by the Engineer.  The finished fence shall be plumb, taut, true
to line and ground contour, and complete in every detail.  When
directed, the Contractor shall stake down the woven wire fence at
several points between posts.

When directed, in order to keep stock on adjoining property enclosed at
all times, the Contractor shall arrange the work so that construction of
the new fence will immediately follow the removal of existing fences. 
The length of unfenced section at any time shall not exceed 300 feet (90
m) or such length that the stock can be kept in the proper field.  The
work shall progress in this manner and at the close of the working day
the newly constructed fence shall be tied to the existing fence.  Any
openings in the fence shall be guarded when stock is using the adjoining
property.

**161-3.2 CLEARING FENCE LINE.**  The site of the fence shall be
sufficiently cleared of obstructions, and surface irregularities shall
be graded so that the fence will conform to the general contour of the
ground.  The fence line shall be cleared to a minimum width of 2 feet
(60 cm) on each side of the centerline of the fence.  This clearing
shall consist of the removal of all stumps, brush, rocks, trees, or
other obstructions that will interfere with proper construction of the
fence.  Stumps within the cleared area of the fence shall be placed a
uniform distance above ground, as specified in the plans.  When shown on
the plans or as directed by the Engineer, the existing fences which
coincide with, or are in a position to interfere with, the new fence
location shall be removed by the Contractor as a part of the
construction work unless such removal is listed as a separate item in
the bid schedule.  All holes remaining after post and stump removal
shall be refilled with suitable soil, gravel, or other material
acceptable to the Engineer and shall be compacted properly with tampers.

The work shall include the handling and disposal of all material
cleared, excavated or removed, regardless of the type, character,
composition, or condition of such material encountered.

**161-3.3 INSTALLING POSTS.**  All posts shall be spaced as shown on the
plans.  Corner, brace, anchor, end, and gate posts shall be set in
concrete bases as shown on the plans.  The top of the base shall be
slightly above the ground surface, trowel finished, and sloped to
drain.  Holes of full depth and size for the concrete bases for posts
shall be provided even if blasting of rock or other obstructions is
necessary.  All line posts may be either driven or set in dug holes to a
penetration of 3 feet (90 cm).  All post setting shall be done carefully
and to true alignment.  Dirt removed for placing posts, anchor bars,
flanges, etc., shall be replaced, tamped, and leveled.  When posts are
driven, care shall be exercised to prevent marring or buckling of the
posts.  Damaged posts shall be replaced at the Contractor\'s expense. 
No extra compensation will be made for rock excavation.  Rock excavation
shall not be grounds for extension of time.

**161-3.4 BRACING.**  All corner, anchor, end, and gate posts shall be
braced as shown on the plans.  Anchor posts shall be set at
approximately 500‑foot (150 meters) intervals and braced to the adjacent
posts.

**161-3.5 INSTALLING WIRE.**  All barbed wire and woven wire shall be
placed on the side of the post away from the airport, or as directed, at
the height indicated on the plans.  The woven wire shall be carefully
stretched and hung without sag and with true alignment.  Care shall be
taken not to stretch the wire so tightly that it will break in cold
weather or pull up corner and brace posts.  All horizontal wires shall
be fastened securely to each post by fasteners or clips designed for use
with the posts furnished.  The woven wire shall be wrapped around end,
corner, and gate posts, and the ends of all horizontal wires shall be
tied with snug, tight twists.  The wire shall be secured to prevent
slipping up and down the post.  Barbed wire strands shall be stretched
and each strand secured to each post to prevent slipping out of line or
becoming loose.  At end, corner, and gate posts the barbed wire shall be
securely wrapped and anchored once about the post from outside and
secured against slipping by tying the ends with snug, tight twists. 
However, on spans of less than 100 feet (30 m) both ends of the span
need not be wrapped around the posts.  The bottom wire of the woven wire
fencing shall clear the ground by not more than 4 inches (100 mm) or
less than 1 inch (25 mm) at any place.

**161-3.6 SPLICING WIRE.**  Splices in barbed and woven wire will be
permitted if made with an approved galvanized bolt‑clamp splice or a
wire splice made as follows:  The ends of each wire shall be carried 3
inches (75 mm) past the splice tool and wrapped around the other wire
for at least six turns in opposite directions.  After the tool is
removed, the space occupied by it shall be closed by pulling the ends
together.  The unused ends of the wire shall be cut close to make a
neat, workmanlike job.

**161-3.7 INSTALLING GATES.**  The gates shall be hung on gate fittings
as shown on the plans.  They shall be attached in such a manner that the
gate cannot be lifted off the hinges.  Gates shall be erected to swing
in the direction indicated and shall be provided with gate stops, as
specified or as shown on the plans.  Gates shall be erected at locations
shown on the plans.

**161-3.8 EXISTING FENCE CONNECTIONS.**  Wherever the new fence joins an
existing fence, either at a corner or at the intersection of straight
fence lines, a corner or anchor post shall be set at the junction and
braced and anchored the same as herein described for corner posts.

If the connection is made at other than the corner of the new fence, the
last span of the old fence shall contain a brace span.

**161-3.9 CLEANING UP.**  The Contractor shall remove from the vicinity
of the completed work all tools, buildings, equipment, etc., used during
construction.

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

**161-4.1**  Fences, Class C (Steel Posts), or Class D (Steel Posts),
shall be measured in place from outside to outside of end posts or
corner posts and shall be the length of fence actually constructed,
except for the space occupied by the gates.

Driveway gates and walkway gates shall be measured in units for each
gate installed and accepted.

BASIS OF PAYMENT

**161-5.1**  Payment shall be made at the contract unit price per linear
foot (meter) for Class C or Class D wire fence.  This price shall be
full compensation for furnishing all materials and for all preparation,
erection, and installation of these materials, and for all labor,
equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete the item.

Payment will be made at the contract unit price per each for driveway or
for walkway gates.  This price shall be full compensation for furnishing
all materials and for all preparation, erection, and installation of
these materials, and for all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals
necessary to complete the item.

Payment will be made under:

Item F‑161‑5.1 Fence, Class C---per linear foot (meter)

Item F‑161‑5.2 Fence, Class D---per linear foot (meter)

Item F‑161‑5.3 Driveway Gates---per each

Item F‑161‑5.4 Walkway Gates---per each

MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS

ASTM A 121 Standard Specification for Zinc Coated (Galvanized) Steel
Barbed Wire

FED SPEC Fencing, Wire, and Post, Metal

RR-F-191/Gen

**END OF ITEM F-161**

**Intentionally Left Blank**