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***[THE WEEKLY ARIZONIAN]{.underline}***

> ***[ACTIVITY]{.underline}***

\- Read aloud and discuss the excerpts from *The Weekly Arizonian*
newspaper on **Master Pages VIII - 3 & 4**.\*

\- Divide the class up into work-groups and assign each one of the jobs
listed below:

-   Reporters - research and write a short article about one of the
    historical themes or events described on page VIII - 2. (Encourage
    them to use comics, political satire, etc. if appropriate.)

-   Editors - once completed, collect articles and edit them.

-   Layout Designers - put all the edited articles together to look like
    a newspaper.

-   Typesetters (If you have access to computers) - work closely with
    the layout designers to put the newspaper on the computer to make
    "camera ready" pages.

\- Set up the class as a newspaper room and have the students role play
their various jobs. Make available other historical papers, documents,
textbooks, etc. from this time period as research materials.

\- Create a historical newspaper. Use each article as a stepping off
place to discuss and explore U.S. and Arizona history, themes and
events.

*\* Excerpts from The Weekly Arizonian on Master Pages VIII - 3 & 4 are
original, reflecting a period of time in 1859.*
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**Historical Themes and Events:**

1848 The Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo left questions about the Mexican
and U.S. boundaries. President Franklin Pierce sent James Gadsden to
purchase more land in 1853.

1851 U.S. Army troops and cavalry were sent to protect the settlers.
They built forts near towns and mines, and helped to fight the Apaches
and other tribes.

1854 Miners came to Arizona to look for gold and riches. Many native
tribes resisted the miners because they knew that the their success
would bring more people who would steal their land.

1856 Edward Beale, an early explorer, convinced Congress to spend
\$30,000 to buy 77 camels from North Africa.

1859 Arizona's first newspaper, *The Weekly Arizonian* was published.

1861 Chiricahua Apaches following Cochise went to war. Life for the
settlers became extremely dangerous.

1862 The Civil War caused withdrawal of U.S. troops. Apache raids
increased. Arizona was declared part of the confederacy.

1863 Abraham Lincoln separated Arizona from the New Mexico Territory.

1867 The black Buffalo Soldiers earned a reputation as brave Indian
fighters.

1870s Governor Safford implemented a state-wide public school system.

1880s The new settlers needed supplies and equipment that was brought by
the Butterfield Mail or Southern Pacific Mail.

1880s The wealth brought by the miners and rich cattleman also attracted
outlaws. Tucson and Tombstone became centers for the wild west.

1883 The railroad began to replace camels and stagecoaches.

1886 Geronimo surrenders, the land became safe for the settlers. Arizona
became a haven for American cowboys.

1912 President Taft declared Arizona a State.

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***THE WEEKLY ARIZONIAN***

***Vol. 1. TUBAC, ARIZONA MARCH 3, 1859 No. 9***

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**General Miramon**

This new President to the Mexican Republic is an addition to the list of
those who have reached the summit of ambition in early life. Born in
1832, he is now in his 27th year. He first figured conspicuously in the
insurrection of Zuloaga last winter. Upon the death of General Osollos,
he was placed at the head of the army, signalizing his promotion by a
great victory of General Vidaurri, near San Luis Potosi, September 29th.
More recently, he has beaten the Liberal Degolado without the gates of
Guadalajara, and forced his way into that city.

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An enterprising showman

is exhibiting a company of trained fleas in the cities of the Atlantic
States, to crowded houses. Their feats as described in the papers, are
truly surprising.

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Kansas City Gold Mines

The reports from the South Platte gold region announce new discoveries
of the precious metal, and a large yield. The gold is fine float, or
scale gold, intermixed with boulders, coarse gravel, and sand\...

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**Patagonia Mining Co[;]{.smallcaps}** Col. Douglass Superintendent, are
progressing with fine success. They have a deep shaft sunk, and over one
hundred tons of ore out of the ground. The smelting works will soon be
in operation.

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**Indian Depredations**

In order that our readers in "the states" may have an idea of the manner
in which the people of Arizona are plundered by Indians, we give a few
cases that have come to our knowledge within the past few weeks. There
are a number of other instances which are omitted for want of names and
dates. Most of these depredations were commited by the Pinal and
Coyotero bands of Apaches.

On the 13th, took twenty head of cattle out of the corral at Fort
Buchanan- followed, and fifteen head recovered. Also, on the same day,
took eleven mules from Mr. Yancy, at Tubac, and being pursued lanced
three mules.

25th, Attack on Sergeant Berry's party, at Whetstone Springs, twenty-two
miles from Fort Buchanan; sergeants Berry and Kelly killed; also, three
mules killed and one carried off. Kelly was a native of Ireland and had
been 20 years in the service. Berry was an American, from Weston, Mo.,
and had served fifteen years. Both had just received an "honorable
discharge" and were on their way to "the States."

On the 20th, all the animals belonging to Tumacacori Mission, three
miles from Tubac, taken in broad day. Immediate pursuit by Mr. M'Coy and
Captain Sharp, and the animals retaken.

Apaches in Sonora- Some two weeks since a party of two hundred Apache
warriors passed Sopori Ranche on their way to Sonora on a plundering
expedition. We learn that they extended their ravages further down into
Sonora than ever before; and a few days since a part of the same company
passed near Arivaca Ranche with seventy or eighty stolen animals.

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**MARRIED**

At Calabasas Rancho, on the 18th February, by J. Ricord, Esq., Notary
Public, Mr. - Boyd, to Miss Sarah Sutton, both of Calabasas.

At Tucson, Arizona, on Tuesday, March 1st, 1859, by J. Ricord, Esq., Mr
George P. Davis to Miss Ann Maria Ake, all of Sonoita Valley.

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**WANTED**

**the santa-rita silver mining coMPANY**

An experienced Smelter.

Also, good Barrateros, to work in the Salero Mine.

Apply to W. Wrightson, Tubac.

**Millwright**

An experienced millwright can obtain employment and good wages on
application to

[S. H. Lathrop]{.smallcaps}

[Director of Mines,]{.smallcaps}

Sonora Exploring and Mining Co.

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**Shooting Affray**

At the Overland Mail station near Fort Yuma, not long since, a shooting
affray took place between Edward George, and a man named Buchanan.
George was badly wounded and Buchanan killed.

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**OVERLAND MAIL**

**[Tariff of Prices]{.smallcaps}.**

From San Francisco, or from any point on the route between San Francisco
and Fort Yuma, to terminus of Pacific Railroad, or Ft. Smith, Ark.,
\$100; From San Francisco to Visalia, \$20; From San Francisco to Fort
Tejon, \$30; From San Francisco to Los Angeles, \$40; From San Francisco
to Fort Yuma, \$70 From Los Angeles to Ft. Yuma, \$40; Way fare 10 cents
per mile; no charge less than one dollar.

[Louise McLane]{.smallcaps}

Agent O. .M. Co., San Francisco

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**Overland to the Pacific**

**The San Antonio and**

**San Diego Mail Line**

which has been in successful operation since July, 1857, are ticketing
passengers through to San Diego, and also to all intermediate stations.
Passengers and express matter forwarded in new coaches drawn by six
mules over the entire length of our Line, excepting the Colorado Desert
of 100 miles, which we cross on mule back. Passengers Guaranteed in
their tickets to ride in Coaches, excepting the 100 miles, as above
stated.

The coaches of our line leave semi-monthly from each end, on the 9th and
24th of each month, at six o'clock, A.M.

An armed escort travels through the Indian country with each mail train,
for the protection of the mails and passengers.

Passengers are provided with provisions during the trip, except where
the coach stops at Public Houses along the Line, at which each passenger
will pay for his own meal.

Each passenger is allowed thirty pounds of personal baggage, exclusive
of blankets and arms\...

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**WESLEYAN FEMALE COLLEGE**

A Seminary for Young Ladies. Sessions commence in the months of February
and September. Rev. P. B. Wilbur, Principal, Cincinnati.

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**PERRY DAVIS VEGETABLE PAIN KILLER**

This well established and successful remedy for the cure of cholera
morbus, burns, scalds, cuts, etc., etc., is offered for sale wholesale
and retail by

J.N. HARRIX & Co., No. 5 College building Cincinnati, Ohio.

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**MEXICAN HORSE THIEVES**

On the 16th ult., five Mexican horse-thieves visited the Spoor Ranche
and stole five horses and one mule, belonging to C.C. Dodos and Col.
Couglass. The same night a valuable horse was stolen from the Cerro
Colorado mine. A party sent in pursuit succeeded in re-taking the horse
stolen from Cerro Colorado, and captured two of the thieves; one, named
Roques, is notorious as a bold and expert horse thief. Both are in jail
at Siroca, a town in Sonora. The horses belonging to Mr. Dodson were
also captured, but left at Siroca. Nothing but the most summary measures
will put a stop to these depredations by Mexican thieves. If citizens
would adopt the plan of shooting, on sight, all strange and suspicious
Mexicans found lurking about their premises, it would doubtless have a
salutary effect.

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**[CANALS IN CALIFORNIA]{.smallcaps}**

Within five years, over 4,405 miles of canals for wadding gold have been
constructed in California. The cost of these has been nearly \$12,000.

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[Benefit]{.smallcaps} your enemies, that they at last may become your
friends

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**Death of General**

**James Gadsden**

The newspapers in the States announce the death of Gen. Gadsden, of
South Carolina, who died at his residence in Charleston on the 29th of
December, last, aged sixty years. Appointed Minister Plenipotentiary and
Envoy Extraordinary of the United States to Mexico, in 1853. General
Gadsden's name is chiefly associated with the Treaty executed in 1854,
between Mexico and the United States. That instrument is generally known
as the "Gadsden Treaty." Under its provisions, the boundary line between
the two countries was definitely settled, a Commission was appointed to
survey the line, and the 6th and 7th articles of the Treaty of
Guadalupe-Hidalgo were abrogated;

Mexico granting the free navigation of the Colorado river, and the Gulf
of California; also relinquishing her title to the proposed territory of
Arizona. The tract of country thus acquired was for a long time known as
the "Gadsden Purchase." In consi-deration of the stipulations agreed
upon on the part of Mexico, the United States guaranteed the payment to
the Mexican government of the sum of ten millions of dollars. Mr.
Gadsden since his retirement from diplomatic life, has taken no active
part in national affairs.

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A word of kindness is seldom spoken in vain. It is a seed which, even
when dropped by chance, springs up a flower.

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[crowell & crane]{.smallcaps}

wholesale druggists

Corner of Front and Clay Streets

S[an Francisco]{.smallcaps}

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