Appendix D

Definitions

The specific code to which the definition applies is shown in
\[brackets\] at the end of the definition. Definitions for the General
Code \[1.10\] apply to all codes in Handbook 44.

# A

**absolute value.** The absolute value of a number is the magnitude of
that number without considering the positive or negative sign.\[2.20\]

**acceptance test.** The first official test of a farm milk tank, at a
particular location, in which the tank is accepted as correct. This test
applies to newly constructed tanks, relocated used tanks, and
recalibr­ated tanks.\[4.42\]

**accurate.** A piece of equipment is \"accurate\" when its performance
or value--that is, its indications, its deliveries, its recorded
representa­tions, or its capacity or actual value, etc., as determined by
tests made with suitable standards‑conforms to the standard within the
applicable tolerances and other performance require­ments. Equip­ment that
fails so to conform is \"inac­curate.\" (Also see \"correct.\")\[1.10\]

**analog or digital** **recorder.** An element used with a belt‑conveyor
scale that continuously records the rate‑of‑flow of bulk material over
the scale (formerly referred to as a chart recorder).\[2.21\]

(Amended 1989)

**analog type.** A system of indication or recording in which values are
presented as a series of graduations in combination with an indicator,
or in which the most sensi­tive element of an indicating system moves
continuously during the operation of the device.\[1.10\]

**animal** **scale. ** A scale designed for weighing single heads of
livestock.\[2.20\]

(Amended 1987)

**apparent mass versus 8.0 g/cm^3^.** The apparent mass of an object
versus 8.0 g/cm^3^ is the mass of material of density 8.0 g/cm^3^ that
produces exactly the same balance reading as the object when the
comparison is made in air with a density of 1.2 mg/cm^3^ at
20 °C.\[3.37\]

**approval seal.** A label, tag, stamped or etched impression, or the
like, indicating official approval of a device. (Also see \"security
seal.\")\[1.10\]

**assumed atmospheric pressure.** The average atmospheric pressure
agreed to exist at the meter at various ranges of elevation,
irrespective of variations in atmospheric pressure from time to
time.\[3.33\]

**audit trail.** An electronic count and/or information record of the
changes to the values of the calibration or configuration parameters of
a device. \[1.10, 2.20, 2.21, 2.24, 3.30, 3.37, 5.56(a)\]

(Added 1993)

**automatic bulk weighing system. ** A weighing system adapted to the
auto­matic weighing of bulk commodities in successive drafts of
predetermined amounts, automatically recording the no‑load and loaded
weight values and accumulating the net weight of each draft.\[2.20\]

**automatic** **hopper** **scale.**  One adapted to the automatic
weighing of bulk com­modity in successive drafts of predetermined
amounts.  (This is not an \"au­tomatic-in­dicat­ing scale\" defined
below.)\[2.20\]

**automatic** **temperature** **or** **density** **compensation.** The
use of integrated or ancil­lary equipment to obtain from the output of a
volumetric meter an equi­valent mass, or an equivalent liquid volume at
the assigned reference temperature below and a pressure of 14.696
lb/in^2^ absolute.

Cryogenic liquids -- 70 °F \[3.34\]

Hydrocarbon gas vapor -- 60 °F \[3.33\]

Liquid carbon dioxide -- 70 Petroleum liquid fuels and lubricants --
60 °F \[3.38\]

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and Anhydrous ammonia -- 60 °F \[3.32\]

Petroleum liquid fuels and lubricants -- 60 °F \[3.30\]

**automatic zero‑setting** **mechanism.** Automatic means provided to
maintain zero balance indication without the intervention of an
operator.\[2.20\]

**automatic zero-setting mechanism (belt-conveyor scale).** A zero
setting device that operates automatically without intervention of the
operator after the belt has been running empty.\[2.21\]

(Added 2002)

**automatic‑indicating scale. ** One on which the weights of applied
loads of various mag­nitudes are automatically indicated throughout all
or a portion of the weighing range of the scale.  (A scale that
automatically weighs out com­modity in prede­termined drafts, such as an
automatic hopper scale, a pack­aging scale, and the like, is not an
\"automatic‑indicating\" scale.)\[2.20. 2.22\]

**auxiliary** **indicator**.  Any indicator other than the master weight
totalizer that indi­cates the weight of material determined by the
scale.\[2.21\]

**axle‑load** **scale.**  A scale permanently installed in a fixed
location, having a load‑­receiving element specially adapted to determine
the combined load of all wheels (1) on a single axle or (2) on a tandem
axle of a highway vehicle.\[2.20\]

# B

**badge.** A metal plate affixed to the meter by the manufacturer
showing the manufac­turer\'s name, serial number and model number of the
meter, and its rated capac­ity.\[3.33\]

**balance,** **zero‑load.**  See \"zero‑load balance.\"\[2.20\]

**balance indicator. ** A combination of elements, one or both of which
will oscillate with respect to the other, for indicating the balance
condition of a non­automatic­­ indicating scale.  The combination may
consist of two indicating edges, lines, or points, or a single edge,
line, or point and a graduated scale.\[2.20\]

**balancing mechanism. ** A mechanism (including a balance ball) that is
de­signed for adjusting a scale to an accurate zero‑load balance
condition.\[2.20\]

**base pressure.** The absolute pressure used in defining the gas
measurement unit to be used, and is the gauge pressure at the meter plus
an agreed at­mos­pheric pressure.\[3.33\]

**basic time rate.**  The charge for time for all intervals except the
initial interval.\[5.54\]

**basic tolerances.** Basic tolerances are those tolerances on
underregistration and on overregistration, or in excess and in
deficiency, that are established by a par­ticular code for a particular
device under all normal tests, whether main­tenance or acceptance. Basic
tolerances include minimum tolerance values when these are specified.
Special tolerances, identified as such and pertaining to special tests,
are not basic tolerances.\[1.10\]

**basic** **distance** **rate.**  The charge for distance for all
intervals except the initial inter­val.\[5.54\]

**batching meter.** A device used for the purpose of measuring
quantities of water to be used in a batching operation.\[3.36\]

**beam scale.** One on which the weights of loads of various magnitudes
are indi­cated solely by means of one or more weighbeam bars either alone
or in com­bination with counterpoise weights.\[2.20\]

**beam.**  See \"weighbeam.\"\[2.20\]

**bell** **prover.** A calibrated cylindrical metal tank of the annular
type with a scale thereon that, in the downward travel in a surrounding
tank containing a sealing medium, displaces air through the meter being
proved or calibrated.\[3.33\]

**belt‑conveyor.**  An endless moving belt for transporting material
from place to place.\[2.21\]

**belt‑conveyor scale.** A device that employs a weighing element in
contact with a belt to sense the weight of the material being conveyed
and the speed (travel) of the material, and integrates these values to
produce total de­livered weight.\[2.21\]

**belt-conveyor scale systems area.** The scale area refers to the scale
suspension, weigh idlers attached to the scale suspension, 5 approach
(‑) idlers, and 5 retreat (+) idlers.\[2.21\]

(Added 2001)

**bench** **scale.**  See \"counter scale.\"\[2.20\]

**binary submultiples.** Fractional parts obtained by successively
dividing by the number 2. Thus, one‑half, one‑fourth, one‑eighth,
one‑sixteenth, and so on, are binary submultiples.\[1.10\]

**built-for-purpose device.** Any main device or element which was
manufactured with the intent that it be used as, or part of, a weighing
or measuring device or system. \[1.10\]

(Added 2003)

# C

**calibration parameter.** Any adjustable parameter that can affect
measurement or performance accuracy and, due to its nature, needs to be
updated on an ongoing basis to maintain device accuracy, e.g., span
adjustments, linearization factors, and coarse zero adjustments.\[2.20,
2.21, 2.24, 3.30, 3.37, 5.56(a)\]

(Added 1993)

**carbon dioxide liquid-measuring device.** A system including a
mechanism or machine of (a) the meter or (b) a weighing type of device
mounted on a vehicle designed to measure and deliver liquid carbon
dioxide. Means may be provided to indicate automatically, for one of a
series of unit prices, the total money value of the quantity
measured.\[3.38\]

**car‑wash** **timer.**  A timer used in conjunction with a
coin‑operated device to measure the time during which car‑wash water,
cleaning solutions, or waxing solutions are dispensed.\[5.55\]

**center‑reading tank.** One so designed that the gauge rod or surface
gauge, when properly positioned for use, will be ap­proximately in the
vertical axis of the tank, centrally posi­tioned with respect to the tank
walls.\[4.43\]

**cereal** **grain** **and** **oil** **seeds.**  Agricultural
commodities including, but not limited to, corn, wheat, oats, barley,
flax, rice, sorghum, soybeans, peanuts, dry beans, safflower, sunflower,
fescue seed, etc.\[5.56(a), 5.56(b)\]

**chart recorder.** See analog or digital recorder.

(Amended 1989)

**check** **rate**. A rate of flow usually 20 % of the capacity
rate.\[3.33\]

**checkweighing scale.** One used to verify predetermined weight within
pre­scribed limits.\[2.24\]

**class** **of** **grain.**  Hard Red Winter Wheat as distinguished from
Hard Red Spring Wheat as distinguished from Soft Red Winter Wheat,
etc.\[5.56(a), 5.56(b), 5.57\]

**clear interval between graduations.** The distance between adjacent
edges of successive graduations in a series of graduations. If the
graduations are \"stag­gered,\" the interval shall be measured, if
necessary, between a graduation and an extension of the adjacent
graduation.­ (Also see \"minimum clear interval.\")\[1.10\]

**cleared.**  A taximeter is \"cleared\" when it is inoperative with
respect to all fare indication, when no indication of fare or extras is
shown and when all parts are in those positions in which they are
designed to be when the vehicle on which the taximeter is installed is
not engaged by a passenger.\[5.54\]

**cold‑tire pressure.**  The pressure in a tire at ambient
temperature.\[5.53, 5.54\]

**computing type** or **computing type device.** A device designed to
indicate, in addition to weight or measure, the total money value of
product weighed or measured, for one of a series of unit prices.\[1.10\]

**computing scale.**  One that indicates the money values of amounts of
com­modity weighed, at predetermined unit prices, throughout all or part
of the weighing range of the scale.\[2.20\]

**concave curve.**  A change in the angle of inclination of a belt
conveyor where the center of the curve is above the conveyor.\[2.21\]

**concentrated load capacity (CLC) (also referred to as Dual Tandem Axle
Capacity (DTAC).** A capacity rating of a vehicle or axle-load scale,
specified by the manufacturer, defining the maximum load applied by a
group of two axles with a centerline spaced 4 feet apart and an axle
width of 8 feet for which the weighbridge is designed. The concentrated
load capacity rating is for both test and use.\[2.20\]

(Added 1988) (Amended 1991, 1994, and 2003)

**configuration parameter.** Any adjustable or selectable parameter for
a device feature that can affect the accuracy of a transaction or can
significantly increase the potential for fraudulent use of the device
and, due to its nature, needs to be updated only during device
installation or upon replacement of a component, e.g., division value
(increment), sensor range, and units of measurement. \[2.20, 2.21, 2.24,
3.30, 3.37, 5.56(a)\]

(Added 1993)

**consecutive-car test train.** A train consisting of cars weighed on a
reference scale, then coupled consecutively and run over the
coupled-in-motion railway track scale under test.\[2.20\]

(Added 1990)

**construction materials** **hopper** **scale.**  A scale adapted to
weighing construction materials such as sand, gravel, cement, and hot
oil.\[2.20\]

**contract sale.** A sale where a written agreement exists, prior to the
point of sale, in which both buyer and seller have accepted pricing
conditions of the sale. Examples include, but are not limited to:
e-commerce, club sales, or pre-purchase agreements. Any devices used in
the determination of quantity must comply with NIST Handbook 44.\[3.30,
3.321, 3.37\]

(Added 1993) (Amended 2002)

**conventional** **scale.**  If the use of conversion tables is
necessary to obtain a moisture content value, the moisture meter
indicating scale is called \"conven­tional scale.\" The values indicated
by the scale are dimension­less.\[5.56(b)\]

**conversion** **table.**  Any table, graph, slide rule, or other
external device used to determine the moisture content from the value
indicated by the moisture meter.\[5.56(b)\]

**correction** **table**.  Any table, graph, slide rule, or other
external device used to determine the moisture content from the value
indicated by the moisture meter when the indicated value is altered by a
parameter not automatically corrected for in the moisture meter (for
example, temperature or test weight).\[5.56(b)\]

**convex curve.**  A change in the angle of inclination of a belt
conveyor where the center of the curve is below the conveyor.\[2.21\]

**conveyor** **stringers.**  Support members for the conveyor on which
the scale and idlers are mounted.\[2.21\]

**correct.** A piece of equipment is \"correct\" when, in addition to
being accurate, it meets all applicable specification requirements.
Equipment that fails to meet any of the requirements for correct
equipment is \"incorrect.\" (Also see \"accu­rate.\")\[1.10\]

**counter** **scale.**  One that, by reason of its size, arrangement of
parts, and moder­ate nominal capacity, is adapted for use on a counter or
bench. Sometimes called \"bench scale.\"\[2.20\]

**counterbalance** **weight(s).**  One intended for application near the
butt of a weigh­beam for zero‑load balancing purposes.\[2.20\]

**counterpoise** **weight(s).** A slotted or \"hanger\" weight intended
for application near the tip of the weighbeam of a scale having a
multiple greater than 1.\[2.20\]

**coupled-in-motion railroad weighing system.** A device and related
installation characteristics consisting of (1) the associated approach
trackage, (2) the scale (i.e., the weighing element, the load-receiving
element, and the indicating element with its software), and (3) the exit
trackage which permit the weighing of railroad cars coupled in
motion.\[2.20, 2.23\]

(Added 1992)

**crane scale. ** One with a nominal capacity of 5000 pounds or more
designed to weigh loads while they are suspended freely from an
overhead, track­mounted crane.\[2.20\]

**cryogenic liquid‑measuring device.** A system including a
liquid-measuring element designed to measure and deliver cryogenic
liquids in the liquid state. \[3.34\]

(Amended 1986 and 2003)

**cryogenic** **liquids.** Fluids whose normal boiling point is below
120 kelvin (‑243 °F).\[3.34\]

**cubic foot, gas**. The amount of a cryogenic liquid in the gaseous
state at a temper­ature of 70 °F and under a pressure of 14.696 lb/in^2^
absolute that occupies one cubic foot. (See NTP.)\[3.34\]

# D

**d, value scale division.** See \"scale division, value of (d).\"
\[2.20, 2.22\]

**dairy‑product‑test scale. ** A scale used in determining the moisture
content of butter and/or cheese or in determining the butterfat content
of milk, cream, or butter.\[2.20\]

**decreasing‑load test. ** A test for automatic‑indicating scales only,
wherein the perfor­mance of the scale is tested as the load is
reduced.\[2.20, 2.22\]

(Amended 1987)

**deficiency.** See \"excess and deficiency.\"\[1.10\]

**digital type.** A system of indication or recording of the selector
type or one that advances intermittently in which all values are
presented digitally, or in numbers. In a digital indicating or recording
element, or in digital repre­sentation, there are no graduations.\[1.10\]

**direct sale. ** A sale in which both parties in the transaction are
present when the quantity is being determined. An unattended automated
or customer-operated weighing or measuring system is considered to
represent the device/business owner in transactions involving an
unattended device.\[1.10\] (Amended 1993)

**discharge hose.** A flexible hose connected to the discharge outlet of
a measur­ing device or its discharge line.\[3.30, 3.31, 3.32, 3.34, 3.37,
3.38\]

(Added 1987)

**discharge line.** A rigid pipe connected to the outlet of a measuring
device.\[3.30, 3.31, 3.32, 3.34, 3.37\]

(Added 1987)

**discrimination (of** **an** **automatic‑indicating** **scale).**  The
value of the test load on the load‑receiving element of the scale that
will produce a specified minimum change of the indicated or recorded
value on the scale.\[2.20, 2.22\]

**dispenser.** See motor‑fuel device.\[3.30, 3.37\]

**distributed-car test train.** A train consisting of cars weighed first
on a reference scale, cars coupled consecutively in groups at different
locations within the train, then run over the coupled-in-motion railway
track scale under test. The groups are typically placed at the front,
middle, and rear of the train.\[2.20\]

(Added 1990)

**dry‑hose type.** A type of device in which it is intended that the
discharge hose be completely drained following the mechanical opera­tions
involved in each delivery. (See \"dry hose.\") \[3.30, 3.31, 3.34,
3.35\]

**dry hose.** A discharge hose intended to be completely drained at the
end of each delivery of product. (See \"dry‑hose type.\")\[3.30, 3.31\]

(Amended 2002)

**dynamic monorail weighing system.** A weighing system which employs
hardware or software to compensate for dynamic effects from the load or
the system that do not exist in static weighing, in order to provide a
stable indication. Dynamic factors may include shock or impact loading,
system vibrations, oscillations, etc. and can occur even when the load
is not moving across the load receiving element.\[2.20\]

(Added 1999)

# E

**e, value of verification scale division.** See \"verification scale
division, value of (e).\" \[2.20\]

**electronic link.** An electronic connection between the weighing/load
receiving or other sensing element and indicating element where one
recognizes the other and neither can be replaced without
calibration.\[2.20\]

(Added 2001)

> element. A portion of a weighing or measuring device or system which
> performs a specific function and can be separated, evaluated
> separately, and is subject to specified full or partial error limits.

(Added 2002)

**equal‑arm scale.**  A scale having only a single lever with equal arms
(that is, with a multiple of 1), equipped with two similar or dissimilar
load‑­receiving elements (pan, plate, platter, scoop, or the like), one
intended to receive material being weighed and the other intended to
receive weights.  There may or may not be a weighbeam.\[2.20\]

**e~min~ (minimum verification scale division).** The smallest scale
division for which a weighing element complies with the applicable
requirements.\[2.20, 2.21, 2.24\]

(Added 1997)

**event counter.** A nonresettable counter that increments once each
time the mode that permits changes to sealable parameters is entered and
one or more changes are made to sealable calibration or configuration
parameters of a device. \[2.20, 2.21, 3.30, 3.37, 5.54, 5.56(a),
5.56(b), 5.57\]

(Added 1993)

**event logger.** A form of audit trail containing a series of records
where each record contains the number from the event counter
corresponding to the change to a sealable parameter, the identification
of the parameter that was changed, the time and date when the parameter
was changed, and the new value of the parameter.\[2.20, 2.21, 3.30,
3.37, 5.54, 5.56(a), 5.56(b), 5.57\]

(Added 1993)

**excess and deficiency.** When an instrument or device is of such a
character that it has a value of its own that can be determined, its
error is said to be \"in excess\" or \"in deficiency,\" depending upon
whether its actual value is, respec­tively, greater or less than its
nominal value. (See \"nominal.\") Examples of instruments having errors
\"in excess\" are: a linear measure that is too long; a liquid measure
that is too large; and a weight that is \"heavy.\" Examples of
instruments having errors \"in deficiency\" are: a lubricating‑oil
bottle that is too small; a vehicle ­tank compartment that is too small;
and a weight that is \"light.\"\[1.10\]

**extras.**  Charges to be paid by a passenger in addition to the fare,
including any charge at a flat rate for the transportation of passengers
in excess of a stated number and any charge for the transportation of
baggage.\[5.54\]

# F

**face.**  That side of a taximeter on which passenger charges are
indicated.\[5.54\]

**face.** That portion of a com­puting­‑type pump or dispenser which
displays the actual computation of price per unit, delivered quantity,
and total sale price. In the case of some electronic displays, this may
not be an integral part of the pump or dispenser.\[3.30\]

(Added 1987)

**fare.**  That portion of the charge for the hire of a vehicle that is
automati­cally calculated by a taximeter through the operation of the
distance and/or time mechanism.\[5.54\]

**farm** **milk** **tank.** A unit for measuring milk or other fluid
dairy product, comprising a combination of (1) a sta­tionary or portable
tank, whether or not equipped with means for cooling its contents, (2)
means for reading the level of liquid in the tank, such as a removable
gauge rod or a surface gauge, and (3) a chart for con­vert­ing
level‑o­f‑liquid read­ings to vol­ume; or such a unit in which read­ings are
made on gauge rod or surface gauge directly in terms of vol­ume. Each
com­partment of a subdivid­ed tank shall, for purposes of this code, be
construed to be a \"farm milk tank.\"\[4.43\]

**feeding** **mechanism.** The means for depositing material to be
weighed on the belt conveyor.\[2.21\]

**fifth wheel.** A commercially-available distance-measuring device
which, after calibration, is recommended for use as a field transfer
standard for testing the accuracy of taximeters and odometers on rented
vehicles.\[5.53, 5.54\]

**fifth‑wheel** **test.**  A distance test similar to a road test,
except that the distance traveled by the vehicle under test is
determined by a mechanism known as a \"fifth­‑wheel\" that is attached to
the vehicle and that indepen­dently measures and indicates the
distance.\[5.53, 5.54\]

**flag.**  A plate at the end of the lever arm or similar part by which
the operating condition of a taximeter is controlled and
indicated.\[5.54\]

**fractional** **bar. ** A weighbeam bar of relatively small capacity
for obtaining indications intermediate between notches or graduations on
a main or tare bar.\[2.20\]

**ft^3^/h.** Cubic feet per hour.\[3.33\]

# G

**gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE).** Gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE)
means 5.660 pounds of natural gas.\[3.37\]

(Added 1994)

**gasoline liter equivalent (GLE).** Gasoline liter equivalent (GLE)
means 0.678 kilograms of natural gas.\[3.37\]

(Added 1994)

**gauge pressure.** The difference between the pressure at the meter and
the atmospheric pressure (psi).\[3.33\]

**gauge** **rod.** A graduated, \"dip‑stick\" type of measuring rod
designed to be partially immersed in the liquid and to be read at the
point where the liquid surface crosses the rod.\[4.42\]

**gauging.** The process of determining and assigning volumetric values
to specific graduations on the gauge or gauge rod that serve as the
basis for the tank volume chart.\[4.42\]

**graduated interval.** The distance from the center of one graduation
to the center of the next graduation in a series of graduations. (Also
see \"value of minimum gradu­ated interval.\")\[1.10\]

**graduation.** A defining line, or one of the lines defining the
subdivisions of a gradu­ated series. The term includes such special forms
as raised or indented or scored reference \"lines\" and special
characters such as dots. (Also see \"main graduation\" and \"subordinate
graduation.\")\[1.10\]

**grain hopper scale.**  One adapted to the weighing of individual loads
of varying ­amounts of grain.\[2.20\]

**grain moisture meter.**  Any device indicating either directly or
through conversion tables and/or correction tables the moisture content
of cereal grains and oil seeds.  Also termed \"moisture
meter.\"\[5.56(a), 5.56(b)\]

**grain sample. ** That portion of grain or seed taken from a bulk of
grain or seed to be bought or sold and used to determine the moisture
content of the bulk.\[5.56(a), 5.56(b)\]

**grain‑test scale.**  A scale adapted to weighing grain samples used in
deter­mining moisture content, dockage, weight per unit volume,
etc.­\[2.20\]

**gravity discharge.** A type of device designed for dis­charge by
gravity.\[3.30, 3.31\]

# H

**head pulley.** The pulley at the discharge end of the belt conveyor. 
The power drive to drive the belt is generally applied to the head
pulley.\[2.21\]

**hired.**  A taximeter is \"hired\" when it is operative with respect
to all applicable indications of fare or extras.  The indications of
fare include time and distance where applicable unless qualified by
another indication of \"Time Not Recording\" or an equivalent
expression.­\[5.54\]

**hopper** **scale. ** A scale designed for weighing bulk commodities
whose load‑­re­ceiving element is a tank, box, or hopper mounted on a
weighing element.  (Also, see \"auto­matic hopper scale,\" \"grain hopper
scale,\" and \"construc­tion mater­ials hopper scale.\"\[2.20\]

# I

**idler** **space.** The center‑to‑center distance between idler rollers
measured parallel to the belt.\[2.21\]

**idlers** **or** **idler** **rollers.**  Freely turning cylinders
mounted on a frame to support the conveyor belt.  For a flat belt, the
idlers consist of one or more horizontal cylinders transverse to the
direction of belt travel. For a troughed belt, the idlers consist of one
or more horizontal cylinders and one or more cylinders at an angle to
the horizontal to lift the sides of the belt to form a trough.\[2.21\]

**in‑service** **light** **indicator.**  A light used to indicate that a
timing device is in opera­tion.\[5.55\]

**increasing‑load** **test. ** The normal basic performance test for a
scale in which observa­tions are made as increments of test load are
successively added to the load-­receiving element of the scale.\[2.20,
2.22\]

**increment.** The value of the smallest change in value that can be
indicated or recorded by a digital device in normal operation.\[1.10\]

**index of an indicator.** The particular portion of an indicator that
is directly utilized in making a reading.\[1.10\]

**indicating element.** An element incorporated in a weighing or
measuring device by means of which its performance relative to quantity
or money value is \"read\" from the device itself as, for example, an
index‑and‑graduated‑scale combination, a weigh­beam‑and‑poise
combi­nation, a digital indicator, and the like. (Also see \"primary
indicating or recording element.\")\[1.10\]

**indicator,** **balance.**  See \"balance indicator.\"\[2.20\]

**initial zero-setting mechanism.** Automatic means provided to set the
indication to zero at the time the instrument is switched on and before
it is ready for use.\[2.20\]

(Added 1990)

**initial** **distance** **or** **time** **interval.**  The interval
corresponding to the initial money drop.\[5.54\]

**interval, graduated.** See \"graduated interval.\"\[1.10\]

**interval, clear, between graduations.** See \"clear interval between
gradua­tions.\"\[1.10\]

# J

**jewelers\'** **scale.**  One adapted to weighing gems and precious
metals.\[2.20\]

# K

**kind of** **grain.**  Corn as distinguished from soybeans as
distinguished from wheat, etc.\[5.56(a), 5.56(b)\]

# L

**label.**  A printed ticket, to be attached to a package, produced by a
printer that is a part of a prepackaging scale or that is an auxiliary
device.\[2.20\]

**large‑delivery** **device.** Devices used primarily for single
deliveries greater than 200 gallons, 2000 pounds, 20 000 cubic feet,
2000 liters, or 2000 kilo­grams.\[3.34, 3.38\]

**laundry‑drier timer.**  A timer used in conjunction with a
coin‑operated device to measure the period of time that a laundry drier
is in operation.\[5.55\]

**liquefied petroleum gas vapor‑measuring device.** A system including a
mechanism or device of the meter type, equipped with a totalizing index,
designed to measure and deliver liquefied petroleum gas in the vapor
state by definite volumes, and generally installed in a permanent
location. The meters are similar in construc­tion and operation to the
conventional natural‑ and manufac­tured‑gas meters.\[3.33\]

**liquefied petroleum gas.** A petroleum product composed predominantly
of any of the following hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof: propane,
propylene, butanes (normal butane or isobutane), and butylenes.\[3.31,
3.32, 3.33, 3.34, 3.37\]

**liquefied petroleum gas liquid‑measuring device.** A system including
a mechanism or machine of the meter type designed to measure and deliver
liquefied petr­oleum gas in the liquid state by a definite quantity,
whether installed in a permanent location or mounted on a vehicle. Means
may or may not be provided to indicate automatically, for one of a
series of unit prices, the total money value of the liquid
measured.\[3.33\]

(Amended 1987)

**liquid** **volume** **correction** **factor.** A correction factor
used to adjust the liquid volume of a cryogenic product at the time of
measurement to the liquid volume at NBP.\[3.34\]

**liq­uid‑fuel device.** A device designed for the measure­ment and
delivery of liquid fuels.\[3.30\]

**liquid‑measuring device.** A mechanism or machine designed to measure
and deliver liquid by definite volume. Means may or may not be provided
to indicate auto­mati­cally, for one of a series of unit prices, the total
money value of the liquid measured, or to make deliveries correspond­ing
to specific money values at a definite unit price.\[3.30\]

**liquid fuel.** Any liquid used for fuel purposes, that is, as a fuel,
including motor fuel.\[3.30, 3.31\]

**livestock scale. ** A scale equipped with stock racks and gates and
adapted to weighing livestock standing on the scale platform.\[2.20\]

(Amended 1989)

**load‑receiving** **element. ** That element of a scale that is
designed to receive the load to be weighed; for example, platform, deck,
rail, hopper, platter, plate, scoop.\[2.20, 2.21, 2.23\]

**load cell. **A device, whether electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic, that
produces a signal (change in output) proportional to the load
applied.\[2.20, 2.21, 2.23\]

**load cell verification interval (v).** The load cell interval,
expressed in units of mass, used in the test of the load cell for
accuracy classification.\[2.20, 2.21\]

(Added 1996)

**loading** **point.** The location at which material to be conveyed is
applied to the con­veyor.\[2.21\]

**low‑flame test.** A test simulating extremely low‑flow rates such as
caused by pilot lights.\[3.33\]

**lubricant device.** A device designed for the measurement and delivery
of liquid lubricants, including, but not limited to, heavy gear
lubri­cants and auto­matic­ transmission fluids (automotive).\[3.30\]

# M

**m^3^/h.** Cubic meters per hour.\[3.33\]

**main‑weighbeam elements.**  The combination of a main bar and its
fractional bar, or a main bar alone if no fractional bar is associated
with it.\[2.20\]

**main** **bar.**  A principal weighbeam bar, usually of relatively
large capacity as com­pared with other bars of the same weighbeam.  (On
an automatic‑­indicating scale equipped with a weighbeam, the main
weighbeam bar is frequently called the \"capac­ity bar.\")\[2.20\]

**main graduation.** A graduation defining the primary or principal
subdivisions of a graduated series. (Also see \"graduation.\")\[1.10\]

**manual** **zero‑setting** **mechanism.**  Nonautomatic means provided
to attain a zero balance indication by the direct operation of a
control.\[2.20\]

**manufactured device.** Any commercial weighing or measuring device
shipped as new from the original equipment manufacturer.\[1.10\]

(Amended 2001)

**mass flow meter.** A device that measures the mass of a product
flowing through the system. The mass measurement may be determined
directly from the effects of mass on the sensing unit or may be inferred
by measuring the properties of the product, such as the volume, density,
temperature, or pressure, and displaying the quantity in mass
units.\[3.37\]

**master** **meter** **test** **method.** A method of testing milk tanks
that utilizes an approved master meter system for measuring test liquid
removed from or introduced into the tank.\[4.42\]

**master** **weight** **totalizer.** An indicating element used with a
belt-conveyor scale to indicate the weight of material that was passed
over the scale.  The master weight totalizer is a primary indicating
element of the belt‑con­veyor scale.\[2.21\]

**material** **test.**  The test of a belt‑conveyor scale using material
(preferably that for which the device is normally used) that has been
weighed to an accuracy of 0.1 %.\[2.21\]

(Amended 1989)

**maximum capacity.** The largest load that may be accurately
weighed.\[2.20, 2.24\]

(Added 1999)

**maximum** **cargo** **load.**  The maximum cargo load for trucks is
the difference between the manufacturer\'s rated gross vehicle weight
and the actual weight of the vehicle having no cargo load.\[5.53\]

**meter** **register**. An observation index for the cumulative reading
of the gas flow through the meter. In addition there are one or two
proving circles in which one revolution of the test hand represents 1/2,
1, 2, 5, or 10 cubic feet, or 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, or 0.25 cubic
meter, depending on meter size. If two proving circles are present, the
circle representing the smallest volume per revolution is referred to as
the \"leak‑test circle.\"\[3.33\]

**metrological integrity (of a device).** The design, features,
operation, installation, or use of a device that facilitates (1) the
accuracy and validity of a measurement or transaction, (2) compliance of
the device with weights and measures requirements, or (3) the
suitability of the device for a given application.\[1.10, 2.20\]

(Added 1993)

**minimum capacity.** The smallest load that may be accurately weighed.
The weighing results may be subject to excessive error if used below
this value.\[2.20, 2.24\]

(Added 1999)

**min­imum clear interval.** The shortest distance between adjacent
graduations when the graduations are not parallel. (Also see \"clear
interval.\")\[3.30, 3.31, 3.32, 3.33, 3.34, 3.35, 3.36, 3.38, 5.50,
5.51, 5.56(b)\]

**minimum** **delivery.**  The least amount of weight that is to be
delivered as a single weighment by a belt‑conveyor scale system in
normal use.\[2.21\]

**minimum** **tolerance.**  Minimum tolerances are the smallest
tolerance values that can be applied to a scale.  Minimum tolerances are
determined on the basis of the value of the minimum graduated interval
or the nominal or reading face capacity of the scale.  (See also
definition for basic tolerances.)\[2.20, 2.22, 2.24\]

**minimum** **totalized** **load.**  The least amount of weight for
which the scale is considered to be performing accurately.\[2.21\]

**moisture content (wet basis).**  The mass of water in a grain or seed
sample (determined by the reference method) divided by the mass of the
grain or seed sample expressed as a percentage (%).\[5.56(a), 5.56(b)\]

**money‑operated type.** A device designed to be released for service by
the insertion of money, or to be actuated by the insertion of money to
make deliveries of product.\[1.10\]

**money drop.**  An increment of fare indication.  The \"initial money
drop\" is the first increment of fare indication following activation of
the taxi­meter.\[5.54\]

**motor‑fuel device** or **motor­‑fuel dispenser** or **retail motor‑fuel
device.** A device designed for the measure­ment and delivery of liquids
used as fuel for inter­nal-­combus­tion engines. The term \"motor‑fuel
dispenser\" means the same as \"motor-fuel device\"; the term \"retail
motor‑fuel device\" applies to a unique category of device (see
defini­tion of \"retail device\").\[3.30, 3.32, 3.37\]

**motor fuel.** Liquid used as fuel for internal-combustion
engines.\[3.30\]

**multi-interval scale.** A scale having one weighing range which is
divided into partial weighing ranges, each with different scale
intervals, with the weighing range determined automatically according to
the load applied, both on increasing and decreasing loads.\[2.20\]

(Added 1995)

**multi-jet water meter.** A water meter in which the moving element
takes the form of a multiblade rotor mounted on a vertical spindle
within a cylindrical measuring chamber. The liquid enters the measuring
chamber through several tangential orifices around the circumference and
leaves the measuring chamber through another set of tangential orifices
placed at a different level in the measuring chamber. These meters
register by recording the revolutions of a rotor set in motion by the
force of flowing water striking the blades.\[3.36\]

(Added 2003)

**multi‑revolution scale. ** An automatic‑indicating scale having a
nominal capacity that is a multiple of the reading‑face capacity and
that is achieved by more than one complete revolution of the
indicator.\[2.20\]

**multiple cell application load cell.** A load cell intended for use in
a weighing system which incorporates more than one load cell. A multiple
cell application load cell is designated with the letter \"M\" or the
term \"Multiple.\" (See also "single cell application load cell")
\[2.20\]

(Added 1999)

**multiple of a scale. ** In general, the multiplying power of the
entire system of levers or other basic weighing elements. (On a beam
scale, the multiple of the scale is the number of pounds on the
load‑receiving element that will be counter­poised by 1 pound applied to
the tip pivot of the weighbeam.)\[2.20\]

**multiple range scale.** A scale having two or more weighing ranges
with different maximum capacities and different scale intervals for the
same load receptor, each range extending from zero to its maximum
capacity.\[2.20\]

(Added 1995)

**multiple‑tariff taximeter.**  One that may be set to calculate fares
at any one of two or more rates.\[5.54\]

**multiple.** An integral multiple; that is, a result obtained by
multiplying by a whole number. (Also see \"multiple of a
scale.\")\[1.10\]

# N

**natural gas.** A gaseous fuel, composed primarily of methane, that is
suitable for compression and dispensing into a fuel storage container(s)
for use as an engine fuel.\[3.37\]

(Added 1994)

**NBP.** Normal boiling point of a cryogenic liquid at 14.696 lb/in^2^
absolute.\[3.34\]

**n~max~ (maximum number of scale divisions).** The maximum number of
scale divisions for which a main element or load cell complies with the
applicable requirements. The maximum number of scale divisions permitted
for an installation is limited to the lowest n~max~ marked on the scale
indicating element, weighing element, or load cell.\[2.20, 2.21, 2.24\]

(Added 1997)

**no‑load reference value.**   A positive weight value indication with
no load in the load­‑receiving element (hopper) of the scale. (Used with
automatic bulk‑weighing systems and certain single­‑draft,
manually‑operated receiving hopper scales installed below grade and used
to receive grain.)\[2.20\]

**nominal capacity. ** The nominal capacity of a scale is (a) the
largest weight indication that can be obtained by the use of all of the
reading or recording elements in combination, including the amount
represented by any removable weights furnished or ordinarily furnished
with the scale, but excluding the amount represented by any extra
removable weights not ordinarily furnished with the scale, and excluding
also the capacity of any auxiliary weighing attachment not contemplated
by the original design of the scale, and ex­cluding any fractional bar
with a capacity less than 2‑1/2 % of the sum of the capacities of the
remaining reading elements, or (b) the capacity marked on the scale by
the manufacturer, whichever is less. (Also see \"nominal capacity,
batching scale\"; \"nominal capacity, hopper scale.\")\[2.20\]

**nominal** **capacity,** **batching** **scale.**  The nominal capacity
of a batching scale is the capacity as marked on the scale by the scale
manufacturer, or the sum of the products of the volume of each of the
individual hoppers, in terms of cubic feet, times the weight per cubic
foot of the heaviest material weighed in each hopper, whichever is
less.\[2.20\]

**nominal capacity, hopper** **scale.**  The nominal capacity of a
hopper scale is the capacity as marked on the scale by the scale
manufacturer, or the product of the volume of the hopper in bushels or
cubic feet times the maximum weight per bushel or cubic foot, as the
case may be, of the commodity normally weighed, whichever is
less.\[2.20\]

**nominal.** Refers to \"intended\" or \"named\" or \"stated,\" as
opposed to \"actual.\" For example, the \"nominal\" value of something
is the value that it is supposed or intended to have, the value that it
is claimed or stated to have, or the value by which it is commonly
known. Thus, \"1‑pound weight,\" \"1‑gallon mea­sure,\" \"1‑yard
indication,\" and \"500‑pound scale\" are statements of nominal values;
corresponding actual values may be greater or lesser. (See nominal
capacity of a scale)\[1.10\]

**nonretroactive.** \"Nonretroactive\" requirements are enforceable
after the effective date for:

> 1\. devices manufactured within a State after the effective date;
>
> 2\. both new and used devices brought into a State after the effective
> date; and
>
> 3\. devices used in noncommercial applications which are placed into
> commercial use after the effective date.

Nonretroactive requirements are not enforceable with respect to devices
that are in commercial service in the State as of the effective date or
to new equipment in the stock of a manufacturer or a dealer in the State
as of the effective date.  *(Nonretroac­tive requirements are printed in
italic type.)*\[1.10\]

(Amended 1989)

**nose-iron. ** A slide-mounted, manually-adjustable pivot assembly for
changing the multiple of a lever.\[2.20\]

**notes.** A section included in each of a number of codes, containing
in­structions, pertinent directives, and other specific information
pertain­ing to the testing of devices. Notes are primarily directed to
weights and measures officials.\[1.10\]

**NTP density and volume correction** **factor.** A correction factor
used to adjust the liquid volume of a cryogenic product at the time of
measurement to the gas equivalent at NTP.\[3.34\]

**NTP.** Normal temperature point of 21 °C (70 °F) and pressure of
101.325 kPa (14.696 lb/in^2^ absolute) respectively.\[3.34\]

# O

**odometer.**  A device that automatically indicates the total distance
traveled by a vehicle.  For the purpose of this code, this definition
includes hub odometers, cable­‑driven odometers, and the
distance-indicating or odometer portions of \"speedometer\" assemblies
for automotive vehicles.\[5.53\]

**official** **grain** **samples.**  Grain or seed used by the official
as the official transfer standard from the reference standard method to
test the accuracy and precision of grain moisture meters.\[5.56(a),
5.56(b)\]

**official with statutory authority.** The representative of the
jurisdiction(s) responsible for certifying the accuracy of the
device.\[2.20, 2.21, 2.22\]

(Added 1991)

**operating** **tire** **pressure.**  The pressure in a tire immediately
after a vehicle has been driven for at least 5 miles or
8 kilometers.\[5.53, 5.54\]

**over‑and‑under indicator.**  An automatic‑indicating element
incorporated in or attached to a scale and comprising an indicator and a
graduated scale with a central or intermediate \"zero\" graduation and a
limited range of weight gradua­tions on either side of the zero
graduation, for indicating weights greater than and less than the
predetermined values for which other elements of the scale may be set. 
(A scale having an over‑and‑under indicator is classed as an
auto­matic‑indicating scale.)\[2.20\]

**overregistration and underregistration.** When an instrument or device
is of such a character that it indicates or records values as a result
of its oper­ation, its error is said to be in the direction of
overregistration or under­registration, depending upon whether the
indications are, respec­tively, greater or less than they should be.
Ex­amples of devices having errors of \"overregistra­tion\" are: a
fabric‑measuring device that indicates more than the true length of
material passed through it; and a li­quid‑measuring device that indicates
more than the true amount of the liquid delivered by the device.
Examples of devices having errors of \"underregistration\" are: a meter
that indicates less than the true amount of product that it delivers;
and a weighing scale that indicates or records less than the true weight
of the applied load.\[1.10\]

# P

**parallax.** The apparent displacement, or apparent difference in
height or width, of a graduation or other object with respect to a fixed
refer­ence, as viewed from dif­ferent points.­\[1.10\]

**parking** **meter.**  A coin‑operated device for measuring parking
time for vehicles.\[5.55\]

**passenger vehicles.**  Vehicles such as automobiles, recreational
vehicles, limousines, ambulances, and hearses.\[5.53\]

**performance requirements.** Performance requirements include all
tolerance re­quirements and, in the case of nonautomatic‑indicating
scales, sen­sitivity require­ments (SR). (See definitions for
\"tolerance\" and \"sensitivity requirement.\")\[1.10\]

**point-of-sale system.** An assembly of elements including a weighing
or measuring element, an indicating element, and a recording element
(and may also be equipped with a "scanner") used to complete a direct
sales transaction.\[2.20, 3.30, 3.32, 3.37\]

(Added 1986) (Amended 1997)

**poise.**  A movable weight mounted upon or suspended from a weighbeam
bar and used in combination with graduations, and frequently with
notches, on the bar to indicate weight values.  (A suspended poise is
commonly called a \"hanging poise.\")\[2.20\]

**postal scale.** A scale (usually a computing scale) designed for use
to determine shipp­ing weight or delivery charges for letters or parcels
delivered by the U.S. Postal Service or private shipping companies. A
weight classifier may be used as a postal scale.\[2.20\]

(Added 1987)

**prepackaging scale.**  A computing scale specially designed for
putting up packages of random weights in advance of sale.\[2.20\]

**prescription** **scale.**  A scale or balance adapted to weighing the
ingredients of medicinal and other formulas prescribed by physicians and
others and used or intended to be used in the ordinary trade of
pharmacists.\[2.20\]

**pressure type (device).** A type of device designed for operation with
the liquid under artificially produced pressure.\[3.30, 3.31\]

**primary indicating or recording elements.** The term \"primary\" is
applied to those principal indicating (visual) elements and recording
elements that are designed to, or may, be used by the operator in the
normal com­mercial use of a device. The term \"primary\" is applied to
any element or elements that may be the deter­mining factor in arriving
at the sale representation when the device is used commercially.
(Examples of primary elements are the visual indicators for meters or
scales not equipped with ticket printers or other recording elements and
both the visual indicators and the ticket printers or other recording
elements for meters or scales so equipped.) The term \"primary\" is not
applied to such auxiliary elements as, for example, the totalizing
register or predetermined‑stop mechanism on a meter or the means for
producing a running record of successive weighing operations, these
elements being supplementary to those that are the determining factors
in sales representations of individual deliv­eries or weights. (See
\"indicating element\" and \"recording element.\")\[1.10\]

**prover** **oil.** A light oil of low vapor pressure used as a sealing
medium in bell provers, cubic‑foot bottles, and portable cubic‑foot
standards.\[3.33\]

**proving** **indicator.** The test hand or pointer of the proving or
leak‑test circle on the meter register or index.\[3.33\]

**prover** **method.** A method of testing milk tanks that utilizes
approved volumetric prover(s) for measuring the test liquid removed from
or introduced into the tank.\[4.42\]

# R

**"r" factor.** A computation for determining the suitability of a
vehicle scale for weighing vehicles with varying axle configurations.
The factor was derived by dividing the weights in FHWA Federal Highway
Bridge Gross Weight Table B by 34 000 lbs. (The resultant factors
contained in Table UR.3.2.1.)\[2.20\]

**radio frequency interference (RFI).** Radio frequency interference is
a type of electrical disturbance that, when introduced into electronic
and electrical circuits, may cause deviations from the normally expected
performance.\[1.10\]

**ranges,** **weight.**  See \"weight ranges.\"\[2.20\]

**rated** **scale** **capacity.**  That value representing the weight
that can be delivered by the device in one hour.­\[2.21\]

**rated capacity**. The rate of flow in cubic meters per hour of a
hydrocarbon gas vapor‑measuring device as recommended by the
manufacturer. This rate of flow should cause a pressure drop across the
meter not exceeding 1/2‑inch water column.\[3.33\]

**ratio** **test. ** A test to determine the accuracy with which the
actual multiple of a scale agrees with its designed multiple.  This test
is used for scales employing counter­poise weights and is made with
standard test weights substituted in all cases for the weights
commercially used on the scale.  (It is appropriate to use this test for
some scales not employing counterpoise weights.)\[2.20\]

**reading‑face capacity.** The largest value that may be indicated on
the reading face, exclusive of the application or addition of any
supple­mental or accessory elements.\[1.10\]

**reading face.** That portion of an automatic‑indicating weighing or
measuring device that gives a visible indication of the quantity weighed
or measured. A reading face may include an indicator and a series of
graduations or may present values digitally, and may also provide
money‑value indications.\[1.10\]

**recorded representation.** The printed, embossed, or other
representation that is recorded as a quantity by a weighing or measuring
device.\[1.10\]

**recording element.** An element incorporated in a weighing or
measuring device by means of which its performance relative to quantity
or money value is per­manently recorded on a tape, ticket, card, or the
like, in the form of a printed, stamped, punched, or perforated
representation.\[1.10, 2.21\]

**recording** **scale. ** One on which the weights of applied loads may
be per­manently recorded on a tape, ticket, card, or the like in the form
of a printed, stamped, punched, or perforated representation.\[2.20\]

**reference weight car.** A railroad car weighed on a scale for
temporary use as a mass standard over a short period of time (typically,
the time required to test one scale) as part of a test train.

**Note**: A test weight car that is representative of the types of cars
typically weighed on the scale under test may be used wherever reference
weight cars are specified.\[2.20\]

(Added 1991)

**remanufactured device.** A device that is disassembled, checked for
wear, parts replaced or fixed, reassembled and made to operate like a
new device of the same type.\[1.10\]

(Added 2001)

**remanufactured element.** An element that is disassembled, checked for
wear, parts replaced or fixed, reassembled and made to operate like a
new element of the same type.\[1.10\]

(Added 2001)

**repaired device.** A device to which work is performed that brings the
device back into proper operating condition.\[1.10\]

(Added 2001)

**repaired element.** An element to which work is performed that brings
the element back into proper operating condition. \[1.10\]

(Added 2001)

**remote configuration capability.** The ability to adjust a weighing or
measuring device or change its sealable parameters from or through some
other device that is not itself necessary to the operation of the
weighing or measuring device or is not a permanent part of that device.
\[2.20, 2.21, 2.24, 3.30, 3.37, 5.56(a)\]

(Added 1993)

**retail device.** A device used for:

> 1\. single deliveries of less than 378 L (100 gal),
>
> 2\. retail deliveries of motor fuels to in­dividual highway vehicles,
> or
>
> 3\. single deliveries of liquefied petroleum gas for domestic use and
> liquified petroleum gas or liquid anhydrous ammonia for non­resale use.

(Amended 1987) \[3.32\]

**retroactive.** \"Retroactive\" requirements are enforceable with
respect to all equipment. Retroactive requirements are printed herein in
upright roman type. (Also see \"non­retroactive.\")\[1.10\]

**road** **test.**  A distance test, over a measured course, of a
complete taximeter assembly when installed on a vehicle, the mechanism
being actuated as a result of vehicle travel.\[5.53, 5.54\]

**rolling circumference.**  The rolling circumference is the straight
line distance traveled per revolution of the wheel (or wheels) that
actuates the taxi­meter or odometer.  If more than one wheel actuates the
taximeter or odometer, the rolling circum­ference is the average dis­tance
traveled per revolution of the actuating wheels.\[5.53, 5.54\]

# S

**scale area, belt-conveyor.** See belt-conveyor scale systems
area.\[2.21\]

(Added 2001)

**scale division, number of (n).**  Quotient of the capacity divided by
the value of the verification scale division.\[2.20\]

$n\text{  } = \text{  }\frac{\text{Capacity}}{e}$

**scale** **division,** **value** **of** **(d).**  The value of the
scale division, expressed in units of mass, is the smallest subdivision
of the scale for analog indication or the difference between two
consecutively indicated or printed values for digital indication or
print­ing.  (Also see \"verification scale division.\")\[2.20, 2.22\]

**scale** **section**.  A part of a vehicle, axle‑load, livestock, or
railway track scale con­sisting of two main load supports, usually
transverse to the direc­tion in which the load is applied.\[2.20\]

**scale.**  See specific type of scale.\[2.20\]

**seal.** See \"approval seal,\" \"security seal.\"\[1.10\]

**section capacity.** The section capacity of a scale is the maximum
live load that may be divided equally on the load pivots or load cells
of a section.\[2.20\]

(Added 2001)

**section** **test.**  A shift test in which the test load is applied
over individual sections of the scale.  This test is conducted to
disclose the weighing perfor­mance of individual sections, since scale
capacity test loads are not always available and loads weighed are not
always distributed evenly over all main load supports.\[2.20\]

**security** **means.**  A method used to prevent access by other than
qualified per­sonnel, or to indicate that access has been made to certain
parts of a scale that affect the performance of the device.\[2.21\]

**security seal.** A uniquely identifiable physical seal, such as a
lead-and-wire seal or other type of locking seal, a pressure‑sensitive
seal sufficiently per­manent to reveal its removal, or similar apparatus
attached to a weighing or measuring device for protection against or
indication of access to adjustment. (Also see \"approval
seal.\")\[1.10\]

(Amended 1994)

**selector‑type.** A system of indication or recording in which the
mechanism selects, by means of a ratchet‑and‑pawl combination or by
other means, one or the other of any two successive values that can be
indicated or recorded.\[1.10\]

**semi‑automatic zero‑setting mechanism.** Automatic means provided to
attain a direct zero balance indication requiring a single initiation by
an operator.\[2.20\]

**sensitivity** **requirement** **(SR).**  A performance requirement for
a non automatic‑­indicating scale; specifically, the minimum change in
the position of rest of the indicating element or elements of the scale
in response to the increase or de­crease, by a specified amount, of the
test load on the load‑­receiving element of the scale.\[2.20\]

**sensitivity (of a** **nonautomatic‑indicating** **scale)**.  The value
of the test load on the load‑receiving element of the scale that will
produce a specified minimum change in the position of rest of the
indicating element or elements of the scale.\[2.20\]

**shift test. ** A test intended to disclose the weighing performance of
a scale under off‑center loading.\[2.20\]

**side.** That portion of a pump or dispenser which faces the consumer
during the normal delivery of product.\[3.30\]

(Added 1987)

**simulated‑road test.**  A distance test during which the taximeter or
odometer may be actuated by some means other than road travel.  The
distance traveled is either measured by a properly calibrated roller
device or computed from rolling circumference and wheel‑turn
data.­\[5.53, 5.54\]

**simulated** **test.**  A test using artificial means of loading the
scale to deter­mine the performance of a belt‑conveyor scale.\[2.21\]

**single cell application load cell.** A load cell intended for use in a
weighing system which incorporates one or more load cells. A single cell
application load cell is designated with the letter \"S\" or the term
\"Single.\" (See also "multiple cell application load cell") \[2.20\]

(Added 1999)

**single‑tariff** **taximeter**.  One that calculates fares at a single
rate only.\[5.54\]

**skirting.**  Stationary side boards or sections of belt conveyor
attached to the conveyor support frame or other stationary support to
prevent the bulk material from falling off the side of the belt.\[2.21\]

**slow‑flow meter.** A retail device designed for the measurement, at
very slow rates (less than 40 L (10 gal) per hour), of liquid fuels at
individual domestic ins­talla­tions.\[3.30\]

**small‑delivery** **device.** Any device other than a large‑delivery
device.\[3.34, 3.38\]

**span (structural).** The distance between adjoining sections of a
scale.\[2.20\]

(Added 1988)

**specification.** A requirement usually dealing with the design,
construction, or marking of a weighing or measuring device.
Specifications are directed prim­arily to the manu­facturers of
devices.\[1.10\]

**static monorail weighing system.** A weighing system in which the load
being applied is stationary during the weighing operation.\[2.20\]

(Added 1999)

**strain-load test.** The test of a scale beginning with the scale under
load and applying known test weights to determine accuracy over a
portion of the weighing range. The scale errors for a strain-load test
are the errors observed for the known test loads only. The tolerances to
be applied are based on the known test load used for each error that is
determined.\[2.20, 2.22\]

**subordinate graduation.** Any graduation other than a main graduation.
(Also see \"graduation.\")\[1.10\]

**subsequent distance or time intervals.**  The intervals corresponding
to money drops following the initial money drop.\[5.54\]

**substitution test.** A scale testing process used to quantify the
weight of material or objects for use as a known test load.

(Added 2003)

**substitution test load.** The sum of the combination of field standard
test weights and any other applied load used in the conduct of a test
using substitution test methods.

(Added 2003)

**surface gauge.** A combination of (1) a stationary indicator, and (2)
a movable, grad­uated element designed to be brought into contact with
the surface of the liquid from above.\[4.42\]

# T

**tail** **pulley.** The pulley at the opposite end of the conveyor from
the head pulley.\[2.21\]

**take‑up.** A device to provide sufficient tension in a conveyor belt
so that the belt will be positively driven by the drive pulley. A
counter‑weighted take‑up consists of a pulley free to move in either the
vertical or horizontal direction with dead weights applied to the pulley
shaft to provide the tension required.\[2.21\]

**tare‑weighbeam elements.**  The combination of a tare bar and its
fractional bar, or a tare bar alone if no fractional bar is associated
with it.\[2.20\]

**tare mechanism. ** A mechanism (including a tare bar) designed for
deter­mining or balancing out the weight of packaging material,
containers, vehicles, or other mate­rials that are not intended to be
included in net­weight determinations.\[2.20\]

**taximeter.**  A device that automatically calculates, at a
predetermined rate or rates, and indicates the charge for hire of a
vehicle.\[5.54\]

**testing.** An operation consisting of a series of volumetric
determina­tions made to verify the accuracy of the volume chart that was
developed by gauging.\[4.42\]

**test liquid.** The liquid used during the test of a device.\[3.30,
3.31, 3.34, 3.35, 3.36, 3.37, 3.38\]

**test** **chain.**  A device used for simulated tests consisting of a
series of rollers or wheels linked together in such a manner as to
assure uniformity of weight and freedom of motion to reduce wear, with
consequent loss of weight, to a minimum.\[2.21\]

**test train.** A train consisting of or including reference weight cars
and used to test coupled-in-motion railway track scales. The reference
weight cars may be placed consecutively or distributed in different
places within a train.\[2.20\]

(Added 1990)(Amended 1991)

**test weight car.** A railroad car designed to be a stable mass
standard to test railway track scales. The test weight car may be one of
the following types: a self-contained composite car, a self-propelled
car, or a standard rail car.\[2.20\]

(Added 1991)

**time** **recorder.**  A clock‑operated mechanism designed to record
the time of day.  Examples of time recorders are those used in parking
garages to record the \"in\" and \"out\" time of day for parked
vehicles.\[5.55\]

**timing device.**  A device used to measure the time during which a
particular paid‑for service is dispensed.  Examples of timing devices
are laundry driers, car‑wash timers, parking meters, and parking‑garage
clocks and recorders.\[5.55\]

**tolerance.** A value fixing the limit of allowable error or departure
from true performance or value. (See also \"basic tolerances.\")\[1.10\]

**training** **idlers.** Idlers of special design or mounting intended
to shift the belt sideways on the conveyor to assure the belt is
centered on the convey­ing idlers.\[2.21\]

**transfer standard.** A measurement system designed for use in proving
and testing cryogenic liquid‑measuring devices.\[3.38\]

**tripper.** A device for unloading a belt conveyor at a point between
the loading point and the head pulley.\[2.21\]

# U

**uncoupled-in-motion railroad weighing system.** A device and related
installation characteristics consisting of (1) the associated approach
trackage, (2) the scale (i.e., the weighing element, the load-receiving
element, and the indicating element with its software), and (3) the exit
trackage which permit the weighing of railroad cars uncoupled in
motion.\[2.20\]

(Added 1993)

**underregistration.** See \"overregistration\" and
\"underregistration.\"\[1.10\]

**unit price.** The price at which the product is being sold and
expressed in whole units of measurement.\[1.10, 3.30\]

(Added 1992)

**unit weight.**  One contained within the housing of an
automatic‑indicating scale and mechanically applied to and removed from
the mechanism. The application of a unit weight will increase the range
of automatic indication, normally in increments equal to the
reading‑face capacity.\[2.20\]

**unit train.**  A unit train is defined as a number of contiguous cars
carrying a single commodity from one consignor to one consignee.  The
number of cars is deter­mined by agreement among the consignor,
consignee, and the operating railroad.\[2.20\]

**user requirement.** A requirement dealing with the selection,
installation, use, or maintenance of a weighing or measuring device.
User require­ments are directed primarily to the users of
devices.\[1.10\]

**usual and customary.** Commonly or ordinarily found in practice or in
the normal course of events and in accordance with established
practices.\[1.10\]

# V

**value of minimum graduated interval.** The value represented by the
interval from the center of one graduation to the center of the
succeeding graduation. Also, the increment between successive recorded
values. (Also see \"grad­uated interval.\")\[1.10\]

**vapor equalization credit.** The quantity deducted from the metered
quantity of liquid carbon dioxide when a vapor equalizing line is used
to facilitate the transfer of liquid during a metered delivery.\[3.38\]

**vapor equalization line.** A hose or pipe connected from the vapor
space of the seller\'s tank to the vapor space of the buyer\'s tank that
is used to equalize the pressure during a delivery.\[3.38\]

**vehicle on-board weighing system.** A weighing system designed as an
integral part of or attached to the frame, chassis, lifting mechanism,
or bed of a vehicle, trailer, industrial truck, industrial tractor, or
forklift truck.\[2.20\]

(Amended 1993)

**vehicle scale.**  A scale adapted to weighing highway, farm, or other
large in­dustrial vehicles (except railroad freight cars), loaded or
unloaded.\[2.20\]

**verification** **scale** **division,** **value** **of** **(e)**.  A
value, expressed in units of weight (mass) and specified by the
manufacturer of a device, by which the toler­ance values and the accuracy
class applicable to the device are determined.  The ver­ification scale
division is applied to all scales, in particular to ungraduated devices
since they have no graduations. The verification scale division, e, may
be different from the displayed scale division, d, for certain other
devices used for weight classify­ing or weighing in pre‑determined
amounts, and certain other Class I and II scales.\[2.20\]

**visible type.** A type of device in which the measure­ment takes place
in a see‑­through glass measuring chamber.\[3.30\]

**v~min~ (minimum load cell verification interval).** The smallest load
cell verification interval, *expressed in units of mass\** into which
the load cell measuring range can be divided.\[2.20, 2.24\]

*\[\*Nonretroactive as of January 1, 2001\]*

(Added 1996) (Amended 1999)

# W

**weighbeam. ** An element comprising one or more bars, equipped with
movable poises or means for applying counterpoise weights or
both.\[2.20\]

**weighing element.** That portion of a scale that supports the
load-receiving element and transmits to the indicating element a signal
or force resulting from the load applied to the load-receiving
element.\[2.20, 2.21, 2.22\]

(Added 1988)

**weighment.**  A single complete weighing operation.\[2.20, 2.21\]

(Added 1986)

**weight, unit. ** See \"unit weight.\"\[2.20\]

**weight classifier.** A digital scale that rounds weight values up to
the next scale division. These scales usually have a verification scale
division, e, that is smaller than the displayed scale division.\[2.20\]

(Added 1987)

**weight ranges.**  Electrical or electro‑mechanical elements
incorporated in an automatic ­indicating scale through the application of
which the range of auto­matic indi­cation of the scale is increased,
normally in increments equal to the reading‑face capacity.­\[2.20\]

**wet** **basis.**  See \"moisture content (wet basis).\"\[5.56(a),
5.56(b)\]

**wet hose.** A discharge hose intended to be full of product at all
times. (See \"wet-­hose type.\")\[3.30, 3.31, 3.38\]

(Amended 2002)

**wet‑hose type**. A type of device designed to be operated with the
discharge hose full of product at all times. (See \"wet hose.\")\[3.30,
3.32, 3.34, 3.37, 3.38\]

(Amended 2002)

**wheel‑load weighers.**  Compact, self‑contained, portable weighing
elements spec­ially adapted to determining the wheel loads or axle loads
of vehicles on highways for the enforcement of highway weight laws
only.\[2.20\]

**wholesale device.** Any device other than a retail device. (See
\"retail device.\")\[3.30, 3.32\]

**wing pulley.** A pulley made of widely spaced metal bars in order to
set up a vibration to shake loose material off the underside (return
side) of the belt.\[2.21\]

# Z

**zero‑load balance.**  A correct weight indication or representation of
zero when there is no load on the load‑receiving element.  (See also
\"zero‑load balance for an autom­atic‑indicating scale,\" \"zero‑load
balance for a non­automatic‑indi­cating scale,\" \"zero­‑load balance for a
recording scale.\")\[2.20\]

**zero‑load** **balance, automatic‑indicating** **scale.** A condition
in which the indicator is at rest at, or oscillates through
approximately equal arcs on either side of, the zero graduation.\[2.20\]

**zero‑load balance, nonautomatic‑indicating scale.**  A condition in
which (a) the weighbeam is at rest at, or oscillates through
approximately equal arcs above and below, the center of a trig loop; (b)
the weighbeam or lever system is at rest at, or oscillates through
approximately equal arcs above and below, a horizontal position or a
position midway between limiting stops; or (c) the indi­cator of a
balance indicator is at rest at, or oscillates through approximately
equal arcs on either side of, the zero graduation.\[2.20\]

**zero‑load balance for** **a** **recording** **scale.**  A condition in
which the scale will record a representation of zero load.\[2.20\]

**zero-load reference (belt-conveyor scales).** A zero-load reference
value represents no load on a moving conveyor belt. This value can be
either; a number representing the electronic load cell output, a
percentage of full scale capacity, or other reference value that
accurately represents the no load condition of a moving conveyor belt.
The no load reference value can only be updated after the completion of
a zero load test.\[2.21\]

(Added 2002)

**zero‑setting** **mechanism.**  Means provided to attain a zero balance
indication with no load on the load‑receiving element.  Three types of
these mechanisms are:\[2.20\]

> **manual** **zero‑setting** **mechanism.**  Nonautomatic means
> provided to attain a zero balance indication by the direct operation
> of a control.\[2.20\]
>
> **semiautomatic zero‑setting** **mechanism.**  Automatic means
> provided to attain a direct zero balance indication requiring a single
> initiation by an operator.\[2.20\]
>
> **automatic zero‑setting** **mechanism.** Automatic means provided to
> maintain zero balance indication without the intervention of an
> operator.\[2.20\]

**zero-setting mechanism (belt-conveyor scale).** A mechanism enabling
zero totalization to be obtained over a whole number of belt revolutions
\[2.21, 2.23\].

(Added 2002)

**zone of uncertainty. ** The zone between adjacent increments on a
digital device in which the value of either of the adjacent increments
may be displayed.\[2.20\]