**September 5, 2007 FEMA Emergency Management Higher Education Project
Report**

\(1\) CITIZEN RESPONDERS AND FEDERAL IDENTIFICATION CARD PROGRAM FOR
RESPONDERS:

Yesterday\'s EM HiEd Report included the following reference \--
Barrett, Devlin. \"ID Would Limit Access To Disaster Sites.\" Washington
Post, September 3, 2007. At:
<http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/03/AR2007090301229.html>

Today\'s IAEM Discussion List included this comment under the title of
Citizen Responders:

\"I saw a short associated press article\...that FEMA is going to issue
ID\'s to all first responders and no one without an ID will be able to
get into a disaster area. Given that the majority of first responders in
most wide scale disasters are citizen volunteers I find this rather
threatening. I am also not sure I want to see FEMA deciding who are the
\"true\" first responders\... the book \"The Great Deluge\" (was) filled
with numerous examples where locals were the only responders for the
first three to five days of Katrina (excluding the coast guard which did
not wait for FEMA action).\"

\(2\) COMMAND/CONTROL VERSUS COLLABORATION/COORDINATION MODELS \-- THE
NEVER-ENDING ISSUE:

Martin, Richard. \"Battle-Proven Military Principles for Disaster
Leadership.\" Fire Engineering, August 2007, pp. 69-89. Accessed at:
[[http://www.globefiresuits.com/featured-article.asp#1]{.underline}](http://www.globefiresuits.com/featured-article.asp#1)

\[Excerpt: \"More often than not, elected representatives underestimate
the potential impact of predictable disasters and overestimate their
competencies for coping in a crisis. Contingency plans, if they even
exist, are rarely if ever exercised, and politicians jealously guard
their authority. The result is often a poorly coordinated hodgepodge of
ad hoc responses to a rapidly developing situation.

The most critical lesson learned from the response to Hurricane Katrina
was the need for strong leadership. Other important lessons concerned
the need for situational awareness, valid information, and solid
communications. There is really only one way to provide this kind of
leadership and supporting infrastructure in a large-scale crisis, and
that is military-style command and control. In fact, this a common theme
to the lessons of major disasters in North America over the past decade
or so, whether it be the Manitoba floods in 1997, the Ice Storm of the
Northeast in 1998, 9/11, or Katrina.

This article provides an overview of the basic transferable principles
of military command and control that are readily adaptable to
civilian-led disaster and crisis response. I will examine each of these
principles of military command and control and apply or adapt them to
disaster response and crisis management.\"\]

\(3\) COMMUNICATING IN A DISASTER CONFERENCE \-- SUMMARY:

Centre for the Study of Democracy Research. Getting The Word Out!: Mass
Communication During A Crisis. Kingston, Ontario, Canada: Queens
University, CSDR, May 3,2007. Accessed at:
[[http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:R_Le2bu7QLwJ:www.queensu.ca/csd/conferences/GettingTheWordOut_Summary_May3.07.pdf+Getting+the+Word+Out!+Mass+Communication+During+an+Emergency&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us]{.underline}](http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:R_Le2bu7QLwJ:www.queensu.ca/csd/conferences/GettingTheWordOut_Summary_May3.07.pdf+Getting+the+Word+Out!+Mass+Communication+During+an+Emergency&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us)

\(4\) ETHICS AND EMERGENCIES: WHO LIVES, WHO DIES, WHO DECIDES AND WHY -
CONFERENCE:

Centre for the Study of Democracy Research. Ethics and Emergencies: Who
Lives, Who Dies, Who Decides and Why?. Kingston, Ontario, Canada: Queens
University, CSDR, October 19, 2006,

Conference Summary Accessed at:

[[http://64.233.169.104/u/queensuniversitysearch?q=cache:b6PmK824j3wJ:www.queensu.ca/csd/conferences/ConferenceSummaryFinal.10.19.pdf+Ethics+and+disasters&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=2&gl=us&ie=UTF-8]{.underline}](http://64.233.169.104/u/queensuniversitysearch?q=cache:b6PmK824j3wJ:www.queensu.ca/csd/conferences/ConferenceSummaryFinal.10.19.pdf+Ethics+and+disasters&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=2&gl=us&ie=UTF-8)

Speaker Bio\'s at:

[[http://64.233.169.104/u/queensuniversitysearch?q=cache:oHMRzyFRdtcJ:www.queensu.ca/csd/conferences/Transcripts_EthicsEmergencies_10.19.06.pdf+Ethics+and+disasters&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=5&gl=us&ie=UTF-8]{.underline}](http://64.233.169.104/u/queensuniversitysearch?q=cache:oHMRzyFRdtcJ:www.queensu.ca/csd/conferences/Transcripts_EthicsEmergencies_10.19.06.pdf+Ethics+and+disasters&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=5&gl=us&ie=UTF-8)

Transcript at:

[[http://64.233.169.104/u/queensuniversitysearch?q=cache:oHMRzyFRdtcJ:www.queensu.ca/csd/conferences/Transcripts_EthicsEmergencies_10.19.06.pdf+Ethics+and+disasters&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=5&gl=us&ie=UTF-8]{.underline}](http://64.233.169.104/u/queensuniversitysearch?q=cache:oHMRzyFRdtcJ:www.queensu.ca/csd/conferences/Transcripts_EthicsEmergencies_10.19.06.pdf+Ethics+and+disasters&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=5&gl=us&ie=UTF-8)

\(5\) FEMA\'S DISASTER DECLARATION PROCESS \-- A CRS PRIMER FOR
CONGRESS:

Congressional Research Service (Francis X. McCarthy). FEMA\'s Disaster
Declaration Process: A Primer (CRS Report to Congress). Washington, DC:
CRS, August 27, 2007, 27 pages. Accessed at:
[[http://www.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34146_20070827.pdf]{.underline}](http://www.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34146_20070827.pdf)

\[Excerpt: \"Under current law, the decision to issue a declaration
rests solely with the President. Congress has no formal role, but has
taken actions to adjust the terms of the process. For example, P.L.
109-295 established an advocate to help small states with the
declaration process. More recently, Congress mandated in P.L. 110-28
that GAO review the method used by FEMA to identify state needs.
Congress continues to examine the process and has received some
recommendations for improvements. Given the importance of the decision,
and the size of the overall spending involved, hearings have been held
in the 110th Congress to review the declaration process so as to ensure
fairness and equity in the process and its results. Also, further
studies have been requested to understand how FEMA develops its
estimates of damage and the accuracy of those estimates.\"\]

\(6\) HOMELAND SECURITY:

House Committee on Homeland Security. \"Holding the Department of
Homeland Security Accountable for Security Gaps\" (Hearing). Washington,
DC: Full Committee, September 5, 2007. With DHS Secretary Michael
Chertoff. At:
[[http://homeland.house.gov/hearings/index.asp?ID=83]{.underline}](http://homeland.house.gov/hearings/index.asp?ID=83)

\[Excerpt: Secretary Chertoff: \"\...vertical information sharing is the
next big step forward.\" Went on to talk about importance of fusion
centers.\]

\(7\) KATRINA:

Rioux, Paul. \"Researcher Blames Flooding Of Nursing Home On Levees.\"
New Orleans Times-Picayune, September 5, 2007. Accessed at:

[[http://www.nola.com/news/t-p/frontpage/index.ssf?/base/news-9/1188973903315320.xml&coll=1]{.underline}](http://www.nola.com/news/t-p/frontpage/index.ssf?/base/news-9/1188973903315320.xml&coll=1)

\[Excerpt: \"ST. FRANCISVILLE \-- St. Rita\'s nursing home would have
been high and dry during Hurricane Katrina if not for the Army Corps of
Engineers\' \"gross negligence\" in designing and constructing levees
that failed to protect St. Bernard Parish, a defense witness testified
Tuesday in the negligent homicide trial of the owners of the home, where
35 elderly residents drowned. Ivor van Heerden, deputy director of the
LSU Hurricane Center, blamed Katrina\'s catastrophic flooding on decades
of errors by the corps, saying some of the mistakes were so basic that
\"a first-year engineering student\" shouldn\'t have made them\....

Van Heerden said the levee was built to withstand a Category 2 hurricane
based on a 1959 standard, despite the adoption of a stricter benchmark
two decades later requiring levees to withstand a Category 4 storm. He
said the levee was not armored to guard against erosion and that large
sections were built using porous sand that had been dredged from the
shipping channel. He also said the levee was built 1.5 feet too low
because the corps used the wrong baseline elevation\.... No one would
have drowned in St. Bernard Parish if the levees had been properly
armored and built to the 17.5-foot height authorized by Congress.
Previous testimony revealed the levees were as low as 14 feet in
spots\.... Van Heerden said he was not paid by the defense and would not
have testified unless he had been forced to do so under subpoena. \"I
feared I\'d lose my job testifying against the Corps of Engineers,\" he
said.\"\]

\(8\) NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM \-- NEW GAO REPORT:

Government Accountability Office. National Flood Insurance Program:
FEMA\'s Management and Oversight of Payments for Insurance Company
Services Should Be Improved. Washington, DC: GAO Report to Congressional
Committees, September 2007, 57 pages. Accessed at:
[[http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d071078.pdf]{.underline}](http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d071078.pdf)

\[Excerpt: \"Why GAO Did This Study: Extraordinary recent flood events
raise serious questions about the solvency of the National Flood
Insurance Program (NFIP), which is administered by the Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA). The NFIP is largely implemented by private
insurance companies that sell and service policies and adjust claims
under the Write Your Own (WYO) Program. This report, prepared under the
authority of the Comptroller General, examines (1) how much FEMA paid
the WYO companies in recent years for operating costs and how FEMA
determined payment amounts; (2) how FEMA\'s approach to determining
operating costs assures that payments are reasonable estimates of
companies\' expenses; and (3) how FEMA assures that financial and
management controls are in place for the WYO program and operate as
intended. To do these assessments, GAO interviewed FEMA and insurance
officials, and analyzed statutes, regulations, payment data,
methodologies, and audits of WYO companies.

What GAO Recommends: GAO recommends that FEMA take steps to ensure that
it has a reasonable estimate of actual expenses WYO companies incur to
help determine payments for services and that financial audits are
performed. The Department of Homeland Security reviewed a draft of this
report and generally agreed with our recommendations.\"\]

\(9\) NEW ORLEANS RECOVERY:

Gyan, Joe, Jr. \"Economic Growth Slowing, UNO Says.\" Baton Rouge
Advocate, September 5, 2007. Accessed at:
[[http://www.2theadvocate.com/news/9578417.html?showAll=y&c=y]{.underline}](http://www.2theadvocate.com/news/9578417.html?showAll=y&c=y)

\[Excerpt: \"NEW ORLEANS - Economic growth in the seven-parish New
Orleans metropolitan area slowed during the second year following
Hurricane Katrina, highlighting the need for \"aggressive economic
development,\'\' a University of New Orleans report found. The UNO
report blamed the slowdown on a shortage of affordable housing, which
has led to a labor shortage and substantially higher wages for
low-skilled workers; high insurance costs; uncertainty about levee
safety; quality of life issues such as a lack of available medical care;
limited public schools in Orleans Parish and damaged infrastructure; and
slower than expected flow of insurance and \"Road Home\'\' money.\"\]

\(10\) NIMS INTRASTATE MUTUAL AID, AN INTRODUCTION (IS-706) NOW ONLINE:

Received the \"EMI Gram\" No. 716 today:

Course: IS-706, NIMS INTRASTATE MUTUAL AID, AN INTRODUCTION

Course Information: This FEMA, web-based course is designed to provide
state, local, and tribal emergency response and coordination personnel,
an introduction to NIMS intrastate mutual aid. The course discusses the
purpose and benefits of mutual aid and assistance, the emphasis that
NIMS places on mutual aid and assistance, and explains how to develop
mutual aid and assistance agreements and mutual aid operational plans.

Before beginning this course, you should print out a copy of your
jurisdiction\'s mutual aid agreement(s). If you do not have a copy, then
you should print out a model agreement from the Emergency Management
Assistance Compact (EMAC) located
[[http://emacweb.org/]{.underline}](http://emacweb.org/). The NEMA Model
Intrastate Agreement is also included in Lesson 1 of the course for your
use.

Pre-requisite: The prerequisite for this course is IS-700: National
Incident Management System (NIMS), An Introduction.

Course Length: The overall length of the course will vary for each
individual. IS706 takes approximately 2.5 hours to complete.

Audience: The primary audience is composed of state, tribal and local
emergency response and coordination personnel.

Course Objectives: After completing the course, participants will be
able to:

\* Describe the purpose, benefits, and uses of mutual aid and
assistance.

\* Explain how mutual aid and assistance agreements relate to NIMS.

\* Identify what information should be included in a mutual aid and
assistance agreement.

\* Explain the process for developing mutual aid and assistance
agreements.

\* Identify the elements of a mutual aid and assistance operational
plan.

Course Completion: The course is available at
[[http://training.fema.gov/emiweb/is/is706.asp]{.underline}](http://training.fema.gov/emiweb/is/is706.asp).
When you have completed the course, you can take the online test, fill
out the student information and submit the test for scoring. FEMA\'s
Emergency Management Institute\'s (EMI) Independent Study Office will
notify you via email of your successful completion of the course and a
link will be included in the email for you to access and print your
course certificate.

Questions: Please contact the course manager, Maria Moore at (301)
447-1501 or <maria.moore@dhs.gov>

\(11\) PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE:

Centre for the Study of Democracy Research. Can A Disaster Really Be
Managed? Lessons and Comparisons From The Recent Past. Kingston,
Ontario, Canada: Queens University, CSDR, May 3-4, 2006. Accessed at:
[[http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:JKeEaehKymYJ:www.queensu.ca/csd/conferences/Disaster_Mgmt_Conf_May06_Pt3_Security.pdf+Can+A+Disaster+Really+Be+Managed+Lessons+and+comparisons+from+the+recent+past&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us]{.underline}](http://64.233.169.104/search?q=cache:JKeEaehKymYJ:www.queensu.ca/csd/conferences/Disaster_Mgmt_Conf_May06_Pt3_Security.pdf+Can+A+Disaster+Really+Be+Managed+Lessons+and+comparisons+from+the+recent+past&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us)

Taylor, Charles, \"Hennepin\'s Disaster Preparedness Pays Off in Tragic
Bridge Collapse.\" County News, September 3, 2007. National Association
of Counties, Washington, DC. Accessed at:
[[http://tinyurl.com/28fe52]{.underline}](http://tinyurl.com/28fe52)

A positive story about how disaster planning and preparedness worked. Of
particular note is how well communications interoperability was planned
for and implemented during response to this tragedy.

Excerpt: \"We\'ve taken emergency preparedness and training for disaster
very seriously, and it sure paid off here,\" said Randy Johnson,
chairman of the Hennepin County Board of Commissioners. \"It was
heartwarming and chilling to see so many people come together so
quickly. There were true heroes on August first who put themselves at
great risk in order to rescue others.\"

\"Even before 9/11, Hennepin County had been training with its
neighboring counties and cities to mount a coordinated disaster
response. It embraced a state version of the National Incident
Management System (NIMS) several years ago, which outlines roles and
responsibilities across agencies and jurisdictions in emergencies.
Neighboring Ramsey, Dakota and Anoka counties, among others, also
responded to the incident.\"

\(12\) PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES:

Giuliani for President Website. \"Empower First Responders and Build a
More Resilient Society.\" September 4, 2007. Accessed at:
[[http://www.joinrudy2008.com/commitment/indepth/11]{.underline}](http://www.joinrudy2008.com/commitment/indepth/11)

\[Excerpts: \"Use ReadyStat To Close The 72-Hour Response Gap: Rudy
proposes ReadyStat to measure what prevention and response capabilities
are needed by American localities depending on what types of threats
they are most likely to face. This will decrease disaster response time,
while recognizing that the federal government should assist communities
in accessing resources without supplanting local investment.\]

Giuliani for President Website. \"Rudy Giuliani Unveils Commitment to
Protecting America\'s Homeland \-- Mississippi Visit Highlights Plan To
Prepare Communities for Terrorism and Natural Disasters\" (Press
Release). September 4, 2007. At:
[[http://www.joinrudy2008.com/commitment/pr/11]{.underline}](http://www.joinrudy2008.com/commitment/pr/11)

\[Excerpt: \"By reducing bureaucracy and increasing the use of
technology, Rudy will modernize the Federal Emergency Management Agency
(FEMA), while decentralizing the Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
by establishing regional directors based on an expanded FEMA regional
model to help plan and respond to local disasters\.... At the same time,
the Mayor\'s plan calls for ending wasteful earmarking so funds can go
to critical local emergency preparation needs\....

Giuliani proposes having the State and Local Government Coordination
office report directly to the Secretary of the Department of Homeland
Security to encourage real representation for Mayors and Governors. The
Mayor\'s plan also includes expanding emergency management disaster
training and using ReadyStat to measure the preparedness needs of
American communities.

\'Today, every American needs to have a first responder mindset,\' Mayor
Giuliani has said. \'My approach to homeland security is based on the
core principles of preparation and resilience because while there\'s no
such thing as a perfect response, we can get closer to that ideal with
more effective planning\'.\"\]

Gordon, Craig. \"Rudy Revisits 9/11 In Speech.\" Newsday.com, September
4, 2007. Accessed at:
[[http://www.newsday.com/news/nationworld/nation/ny-usrudy0905,0,4329138.story]{.underline}](http://www.newsday.com/news/nationworld/nation/ny-usrudy0905,0,4329138.story)

\[Excerpt: \"Rudy Giuliani Tuesday launched his fall campaign by
returning to its most important day \-- Sept. 11, 2001. He said the
terror strike showed that every community must be prepared to confront
disaster\...

Giuliani proposed a restructuring of the federal Department of Homeland
Security, including the creation of new regional directors who would
work with state and local officials on training and planning\... he said
he wants fewer federal dictates and more local control, so communities
can cope with the initial 72 hours of any attack or disaster until feds
arrive.

Giuliani released his proposals in a state hit by Hurricane Katrina, and
he linked the storm and 9/11. \"When you\'re preparing for a natural
disaster, you\'re preparing for a terrorist attack,\" he said. \"This
would be a terrible mistake for us to assume that the next attack is
going to be like the last one. \... It may be another large city. It may
be in the heartland of America.\"\.... In his talk, Giuliani stressed
the importance of emergency management centers and said it was
\"mind-boggling\" that interoperability between police and fire radios
hasn\'t improved more nationwide since Sept. 11.\"

Hipp, Laura. \"Giuliani: Local Power, Not D.C. Red Tape.\" Jackson
Clarion Ledger (MS), 5Sep2007. At:
[[http://www.clarionledger.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070905/NEWS/709050373]{.underline}](http://www.clarionledger.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070905/NEWS/709050373)

\[Excerpt: \"Giuliani proposed a grading system to evaluate the quality
of community response and adjust funding and training based on the
levels. He calls the program \"Ready-Stat.\" \"Just because you\'re a
little small town doesn\'t mean that you can\'t possibly have an
airplane coming down, or a bomb go through or a terrible natural
disaster,\" he said. Local governments need to be accountable for items
purchased with federal emergency response funds, he said. \"This is not
money that we have any right to waste,\" he said.\"\]

Kalahar, Jon. \"Giuliani Brings Emergency Preparedness Plan To The
Magnolia State.\" WLBT-TV Online, September 4, 2007. At:
[[http://www.wlbt.com/Global/story.asp?S=7026456&nav=2CSf]{.underline}](http://www.wlbt.com/Global/story.asp?S=7026456&nav=2CSf)

\[Excerpt: \"Using Mississippi\'s response and recovery since Katrina as
an example, Giuliani put emergency preparedness squarely on the
shoulders of local agencies. He says it\'s up to the federal government
to support and train states and communities, but it\'s up to each and
every small town to put those plans into action should the unimaginable
happen again. \"It\'s going to be you\...the local fire department, the
local police department, the local emergency workers, the local
volunteers,\" he said. \"So we\'ve got to make sure you\'re prepared.\"
It\'s a plan Governor Haley Barbour supports, as does the executive
director of the State Fire Academy, Reggie Bell. His first responders
were on the ground after Katrina hit. \"Whatever it is, they\'re going
to be the ones that are going to have the knowledge of that area, and
they just need support form the federal government and state agencies to
supplement their response,\" Bell said. Giuliani says ultimately the
goal is to get every state on the same level as far as preparedness, but
even he admits that may be years in the making. \"Our response is going
to be as good as you are, and it\'s going to be as bad as you are,\"
said Giuliani.\"\]

Quaid, Libby. \"Giuliani Offers Plan to Aid Communities.\" Associated
Press, September 4, 2007. Accessed at:
[[http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,,-6896257,00.html]{.underline}](http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,,-6896257,00.html)

\[Excerpts: \"Cities need less federal control and more regional
training to prepare for terrorist attacks and other disasters,
Republican presidential hopeful Rudy Giuliani said Tuesday\... Giuliani
pledged to prepare every community in the United States for such a
disaster. \'America faces very real threats in the 21st century,\'
Giuliani said in a statement. \'We can face the future with confidence
by becoming a more resilient society.\' To be ready, states and cities
need more regional training and coordination and less federal meddling,
Giuliani said.

The former New York mayor proposes to make the federal Department of
Homeland Security - created in response to the Sept. 11 attacks - more
regional like the Federal Emergency Management Agency. FEMA is now part
of the Homeland Security department. \'We need less focus on centralized
control and waiting for a response to be handed down from Washington,\'
Giuliani said.

After touring the Mississippi Emergency Management Agency, Giuliani
planned to talk about preparedness at an afternoon appearance in Pearl,
Miss.

Among Giuliani\'s proposals are:

-Boosting local and state training and creating regional response teams
like FEMA\'s Urban Search and Rescue Teams.

-Giving FEMA updated technology to track relief supplies and aid.

-Cutting off federal money for congressional pet projects, instead
mapping out long-term infrastructure needs such as bridge improvements.

Along with his plan, Giuliani also released a list of his high-profile
homeland security advisers.

Some names, such as the group\'s leader, former FBI director Louis
Freeh, and New York Rep. Peter King, have already been announced.

Advisers also include Robert Bonner, former commissioner of U.S. Customs
and Border Protection, and others connected mostly to the Department of
Homeland Security and city of New York. Also on the list is Daniel
Johnson, former homeland security director for Minnesota, site of last
month\'s interstate bridge collapse.\"\]

Saltonstall, David. \"Rudy Giuliani Talks Hurricane, Emergency
Preparedness in New Orleans.\" New York Daily News, September 4, 2007.
Accessed at:
[[http://www.nydailynews.com/news/wn_report/2007/09/04/2007-09-04_rudy_giuliani_talks_hurricane_emergency\_.html]{.underline}](http://www.nydailynews.com/news/wn_report/2007/09/04/2007-09-04_rudy_giuliani_talks_hurricane_emergency_.html)

\[Excerpt: \"The Republican front-runner\...{called} for a new program -
dubbed ReadyStat - aimed at shortening the 72 hours it often takes the
feds to mobilize their response to a major disaster, and for more
training at the state and local level.\"\]

\(13\) RESOURCES \-- FOOD DEFENSE:

Received today:

National Center for Food Protection and Defense. Food Defense Education:
Post 9/11 (A Report from the Education Group of the National Center for
Food Protection and Defense {A Homeland Security Center of Excellence}
from the Science and Technology Directorate, University Programs,
Department of Homeland Security). East Lansing, MI: Michigan State
University, National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, 2007, 81 pages.

From the Acknowledgements: \"This report describes work contributed from
2004 through 2007 by academic educators from both public and private
universities, community colleges and other educational institutes.
Equally important was the contribution by government representatives
from targeted agencies at both the local, state and federal levels
throughout the United States. Input from the food supply chain and
public health sector was constantly solicited, provided and
appreciated.\"

Page iii: \"\...copies may be obtained from the National Center for Food
Protection and Defense at the University of Minnesota, 200 Dinnaken
Office Building, MMC 2131, 925 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
or the National Food Safety and Toxicology Center at Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1302.\"

For additional background, see:

National Center for Food Protection and Defense. National Center for
Food Protection and Defense (NCFFD), National Education Program (NEP),
Summary of January 20-21, 2005 NEP Workshop, Michigan State University.
East Lansing, MI, MSU, 2005. Accessed at:
[[http://foodprotectioneducation.org/documents/Jan-2005NCFPDEducationworkshopsummary.pdf]{.underline}](http://foodprotectioneducation.org/documents/Jan-2005NCFPDEducationworkshopsummary.pdf)

B.Wayne Blanchard, Ph.D., CEM

Higher Education Project Manager

Emergency Management Institute

National Emergency Training Center

Federal Emergency Management Agency

Department of Homeland Security

16825 S. Seton, K-011

Emmitsburg, MD 21727

\(301\) 447-1262, voice

\(301\) 447-1598, fax

wayne.blanchard@dhs.gov

[[http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu]{.underline}](http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu)

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