U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

**DIGITAL DATA SERIES DDS-11**

*Release 2*

**Geology of the Conterminous United States at 1:2,500,000 Scale\--A
Digital Representation of the 1974 P.B. King and H.M. Beikman Map**

By Paul G. Schruben,^1^ Raymond E. Arndt,^2^ and Walter J. Bawiec^1^

Display software by Russell A. Ambroziak^3^

> \(1\) U.S. Geological Survey
>
> 954 National Center
>
> 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
>
> Reston, VA 22092-9998
>
> \(2\) Formerly with the U.S.
>
> Geological Survey
>
> \(3\) 107 National Center

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Bruce Babbitt, Secretary

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Gordon P. Eaton, Director

For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution

Box 25286, Building 810, Federal Center

Denver, CO 80225

1997

TABLE OF CONTENTS

System Requirements

Overview

Available Digital Map Formats

Creating the Digital Products

Resolution

Cautions Relating to Use of the Map

Map Projection

Data Dictionary

Differences from the Published Paper Map

Disc Contents

DLG Format

Geologic Information Visualization (GIV) And Abacus MAPVIEW For DOS

Geologic Information Visualization (GIV) Software

Contacts

References Cited

Acknowledgments

User Registration

Disclaimer

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

This CD-ROM was produced in accordance with the ISO 9660 standard and
thus allows access to the disc files by computers with ISO 9660 software
drivers. The disc contains Adobe Acrobat Reader software for DOS,
Macintosh, UNIX, and Windows as well as Geologic Information
Visualization (GIV) software.

1\) Adobe Acrobat Reader REQUIREMENTS:

Windows 95 - rs32e30.exe

Minimum

i386(TM), i486(TM), Pentium(R), or

Pentium Pro processor-based personal computer

Microsoft Windows 95, or Windows NT(R) 3.51 or later

8 MB of RAM (16 MB for Windows NT) for Acrobat Reader

10 MB of available hard-disk space

Recommended

Pentium processor-based personal computer

Windows 95 or Windows NT

16 MB of RAM (24 for Windows NT)

10 MB of available hard-disk space

Windows NT - rs32e30.exe

Minimum

i386(TM), i486(TM), Pentium(R), or Pentium Pro processor

Windows NT(R) 3.51 or later

8 MB of RAM (16 MB for Windows NT) for Acrobat Reader

10 MB of available hard-disk space

Recommended

Pentium processor-based personal

computer

Windows 95 or Windows NT

16 MB of RAM (24 for Windows NT)

10 MB of available hard-disk space

Windows 3.1 and 3.11 for Workgroups - rs16e30.exe

Minimum

i386(TM), i486(TM), Pentium(R), or Pentium Pro processor

Microsoft Windows 3.1 or Windows 3.11 or later

8 MB of RAM for Acrobat Reader

5 MB of available hard-disk space

Recommended

Pentium processor-based personal computer

Microsoft Windows 3.1 or Windows 3.11 or later

12 MB of available hard-disk space

Macintosh and Power Macintosh - Install Acrobat Reader 3.0, Search
Installer

Minimum

Macintosh with a 68020 or greater processor, or Power Macintosh

3.5 MB of RAM (5 MB for Power Macintosh) available to Acrobat Reader

Apple(R) System Software version 7.1 or later

Recommended

8 MB of available RAM

Apple System Software version 7.1.2 or later

12.5 MB of available hard-disk space

UNIX

UNIX system requirements

12 MB of disk space for Acrobat Reader

System with 32 MB of RAM

Sun SPARCstation(R) - acroread_sunos_30.tar.gz,
acroread_solaris_30.tar.gz

SunOS 4.1.3 or 4.1.4 or Solaris 2.3, 2.4, or 2.5

OpenWindows(TM) (version 3.0 or later),

Motif(TM) window manager (1.2.3 or later),

OpenLook version 3.0, or

Common Desktop Environment (CDE) 1.0 and above

HP Series 9000 workstation, model 700 or greater -
acroread_hpux_30.tar.gz

HP-UX 9.0.3 or later

X Window System(TM) X11R5 with HP-VUE or CDE 1.0

12 megabytes of available hard disk space

A 32 megabyte machine

IBM(R) RS/6000(TM) workstation - acroread_aix_30.tar.gz

AIX 4.1 or later operating system

Common Desktop Environment (CDE) or the Motif window manager

Silicon Graphics workstation - acroread_irix_30.tar.gz

IRIX(TM) 5.3 or later operating system software

12 megabytes of available hard disk space

A 32 megabyte machine

Linux workstation - acroread_linux_30.tar.gz

LINUX 5.3 or later operating system software

12 megabytes of available hard disk space

A 32 megabyte machine

OS/2 - aro2e30.exe

Minimum

i386, i486, Pentium, or Pentium Pro processor

IBM OS/2 Warp or Warp Connect 3.0 or later

4 MB application RAM available to Acrobat Reader

8 MB RAM for system

5 MB hard-disk space, plus 5 MB temporary space for installation

Recommended

Pentium processor

IBM OS/2 Warp 4.0

Adobe Acrobat Reader 1.0 for DOS - rdrdos10.zip

Minimum

i386(TM), i486(TM) processor

Microsoft DOS 3.3 or later

2 MB of RAM for Acrobat Reader.

5 MB of available hard-disk space

Recommended

486 or Pentium processor

Microsoft DOS 3.3 or later

4 MB of application RAM

5 MB of available hard-disk space

2\) GIV and ABACUS MAPVIEW REQUIREMENTS:

IBM or compatible computer WITH MOUSE

640 kb RAM (at least 540 kb free memory)

Math coprocessor

MS- or PC-DOS version 5.0 or later

Microsoft MSCDEX version 2.1 or later

CD-ROM drive with ISO 9660 software driver

Hard disk drive (5 Mb free)

Super VGA graphics system (640x480 pixels with 256 colors)

3\) ARCVIEW 3 REQUIREMENTS

80486 or better CPU

Windows 3.x, 95, or NT

12-16 Mb of RAM

Super VGA graphics system, 256 colors, 640x480 pixels minimum,

1024x768 pixels strongly recommended

Microsoft-compatible mouse

or

Power Macintosh or 68040 processor with FPU

System 7.1 or higher

16-18 Mb of RAM

OVERVIEW

This CD-ROM contains a digital version of the Geologic Map of the
conterminous United States, originally published at a scale of
1:2,500,000 (King and Beikman, 1974b). It excludes Alaska and Hawaii.
The map key is present as a graphic file and as a searchable text file.
Also, a digital version of Professional Paper 901 is included. PP901
describes the historical background of the map, details of the
compilation process, and limitations to interpretation. Its text and
figures are available in Adobe Acrobat and HTML formats.

AVAILABLE DIGITAL MAP FORMATS

The digital geologic map of the conterminous United States on this
CD-ROM are in the following formats:

1\) ArcView .apr, ARC/INFO Export .e00, and raw ARC/INFO coverage
formats. Compatible with Environmental Systems Research Institute\'s
ArcView 2 and 3, ARC/INFO Version 7.04 or later. Also included on the
disc are ARCPLOT and ArcView files in the following formats: ARC/INFO
.gra, Postscript .eps, Adobe Illustrator 6 .ai6, and Adobe Acrobat .pdf
files .

[Geologic map:]{.underline}

kbge.gra geologic map in ARC/INFO ARCPLOT .gra format

kbge.eps above file converted to Postscript format

kbge.ai6 above file converted to Illustrator 6 format

kbge.ps above file converted to a downloadable HP DesignJet 755CM

Postscript plot file format. Prints two 36Ó x 82Ó pages

kbge.pdf kbge.ai6 converted to Acrobat .pdf format

kbgeav.eps geologic map from an ArcView 3 layout. Illustrator

could not parse this file

[Map key:]{.underline}

kbleg.gra map key in ARC/INFO ARCPLOT .gra format

kbleg.eps above file converted to Postscript format

kbleg.ai6 above file converted to Illustrator 6 format

kbleg.ps above file converted to a downloadable HP DesignJet 755CM

Postscript plot file format

kbleg.pdf kbleg.ai6 converted to Acrobat .pdf format

kblegav.eps map key from ArcView 3 layout

kblegav.ai6 above file converted to Illustrator 6 format

kblegav.ps above file converted to HP DesignJet 755CM plot file

format

kblegav.pdf kblegav.ai6 converted to Acrobat .pdf format

2\) U.S. Geological Survey Digital Line Graph (DLG) Optional format
(U.S. Geological Survey, 1986, 1987, and 1989).

3\) Geologic Information Visualization (GIV) and Abacus format. The GIV
software is included on the disc and is launched from a menu-driven DOS
program. The Abacus browser, MAPVIEW, is also included on the disc.

CREATING THE DIGITAL PRODUCTS

Converting the King and Beikman paper map to digital format was
undertaken to facilitate presentation and analysis of the map. Also, the
digital version can be combined with other thematic layers (Phillips and
others, 1993). Digital maps can be displayed at any scale or projection,
whereas a paper map has a fixed scale and projection. However, the
geologic map on this disc is not intended to be used at any scale more
detailed than 1:2,500,000.

The linework was captured by hand digitizing as well as scanning and
autovectorizing from the paper map and negatives. The digital map was
assembled and edited in ARC/INFO on a State-by-State basis, which caused
some edge-matching problems. The final mosaic was adjusted several times
to correct for registration problems. At the time, a 13,000 polygon
coverage severely taxed the capabilities of the available CPU.

Professional Paper 901 was scanned at 300 dots per inch on a LaCie
scanner and Macintosh computer. The text image was converted to ASCII
text with READ-IT! optical character recognition software. The figures
were converted to TIFF (tag image file format) files and are displayed
with Adobe Acrobat and HTML programs.

RESOLUTION

The GIV raster image is stored at 1-km resolution. Both the raster and
vector maps are intended for use at scales no more detailed than
1:2,500,000. The coastline coverage, "STATES", was taken from the
1:2,000,000 scale Digital Line Graph data (U.S. Geological Survey,
1987), generalized to 1 km.

CAUTIONS RELATING TO USE OF THE MAP

The users of the geologic map on this disc should respect the intentions
of the compilers of the map and be aware of the map's limitations. The
Geologic Map of the United States (King and Beikman, 1974b) is intended
to be used at a scale of 1:2,500,000; it is not intended to be used at a
more detailed scale. For instance, Colorado is about 10 inches wide at
the published scale of the King and Beikman map.

Construction of a geologic map of an area as large and complex as the

conterminous United States requires a great deal of generalization.
Geologic units shown on larger scale maps are combined into broader map
units and their contacts are simplified to produce a pattern that is
legible at the scale of publication. The process of generalization used
in the compilation of the Geologic Map of the United States is described
in PP901, King and Beikman (1974a, p. 20).

Furthermore, the Geologic Map of the United States is primarily a
bedrock map, which depicts geologic materials present beneath the soil
or relatively thin mantles of surficial deposits, not necessarily the
surficial materials themselves. For example, the map does not depict the
glacial deposits in the northern States, the widespread eolian deposits
in the High Plains, and the high-level gravels that mantle older
Tertiary and pre-Tertiary units in much of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal
Plains.

MAP PROJECTION

The GIV raster image is in the original map's Albers equal-area
projection. The vector maps are unprojected in decimal degrees.
Projection parameters for the original 1974 King and Beikman map follow:

projection Albers equal-area

units meters

first standard parallel 29.5°

second standard parallel 45.5°

central meridian -96°

latitude of origin 23°

DATA DICTIONARY

The ARC/INFO version of the Geologic Map of the United States consists
of four coverages:

1\) kbge - geology 12,800 polygons, 161 units plus water

2\) kbf - faults three fault types and hidden contacts

3\) kbleg - legend map key correlation chart

4\) kbgl - glacial two line types, Wisconsin and older

The annotation in the legend coverage is present in 2 ways. The first
way is an annotation subclass called "anno.sc". This text did not
translate very well to ArcView so it was re-created in ArcView. The
.gra, eps, ai6,and .pdf files were all created using the old "anno.sc"
annotation.

The geology coverage has three line types:

1\) contact - border between rock units

2\) metamor - metamorphic division within a rock unit

3\) split - split in large polygons to improve fill

The fault coverage has four line types:

1\) FAULT - faults

2\) DASH - dashed faults

3\) DOT - dotted faults

4\) CONTAC - hidden rock unit contacts

DIFFERENCES FROM THE PUBLISHED PAPER MAP

The coverages on this disc differ in several ways from the original
paper map. The county outlines, cities, drainage, and other base-map
information are not present on the digital version except as overlays in
MAPPER. Only the larger water bodies are included.

The larger geology polygons are split into several smaller polygons to
avoid problems with color and pattern fill on screen plots and plotters.
The maximum polygon size is 1476 vertices, which was the limit in older
versions of PostScript. Most modern software has higher limits, so for
most users, these polygons can dissolved back together using the "UNIT"
and "METAMOR" fields.

The lookup tables KBCOLOR.LUT and KBPAT.LUT contain rock-unit code name
in uppercase letters as well as the originally published mixed case. For
instance:

TrPe TRPE

Trg TRG

Tri TRI

lMze LMZE

lMzv LMZV

lPz LPZ

lPze LPZE

lTa LTA

The uppercase code names were used during the editing process because an
INFO sort in ARC/INFO is case sensitive and a tally of the unit names
was much easier to use with all the unit names sorted alphabetically in
one group rather than two. Note in the example above, the "L's" sort
after the "T's" because lowercase "l" is higher in the ASCII code
scheme. Current users of the map should be aware that the lookup tables
are now sorted on the mixed-case code name so the unit names are appear
in two groups, uppercase followed by lowercase. It may be useful or less
confusing for some purposes to sort on the uppercase name. However, the
ARCPLOT POLYGONSHADES command will not work correctly with the lookup
tables sorted by the uppercase code name.

Longer rock-unit descriptions such as:

Cretaceous granitic rocks

Washita Group

are in the ROCKDESC column of the .PAT files. Some of the unit names
have been modified to avoid ambiguity. The Pennsylvanian symbol is
stored as "PP" in:

> PP
>
> PP1
>
> PP1a
>
> PP2
>
> PP3
>
> PP4

The Triassic symbol is stored as "Tr" in:

> JTr
>
> Tr
>
> TrPe
>
> Trv
>
> Tri
>
> Trg

The Cambrian symbol is stored as "C" in:

> C
>
> Cq
>
> OC
>
> Ce
>
> Cv
>
> Cg

Changes to the Paleozoic metamorphic complexes:

m1 is replaced with mm1 to avoid confusion with M1

m2 is replaced with mm2 to avoid confusion with M2

m3 is replaced with mm3 to avoid confusion with M3

m4 is replaced with mm4 for consistency

Metamorphic overlay:

On the original map, the metamorphic rocks are represented with a
dot-pattern overprint on the parent rocks as well as unpatterned units.
The authors state (King and Beikman, 1974a, p25) that the overprint
pattern is not used for Precambrian rocks on the original map but Y1,
Y2, and Z units are so patterned. For the purposes of this publication,
the metamorhpic rocks are divided into three categories in the METAMOR
column of the geology coverage described below. Select 'METAMOR' not
equal to blank or "" to select all the metamorphic rocks.

METAMOR polygon column in KBGE:

blank No metamorphism.

kparent Metamorphic overlay for rocks with known parent-rock ages. These
units are present on the map in both metamorphic and non-metamorphic
states.

noparent Metamorphic rocks with unknown parent-rock ages. These units
are metamorphic everywhere on the map. The protolith is uncertain. They
are shown on the original map with the same stippled pattern as the
overlay. Units ms, mm1, mm2, mm3, mm4.

nopat These Precambrian units are metamorphic everywhere on the map but
are shown without a stippled pattern on the original map. Units:

Ym - paragneiss and schist

Ygn - orthogneiss

Xm - orthogneiss and paragneiss

Wgn - orthogneiss and paragneiss.

DISC CONTENTS

1readme.doc help file, Microsoft Word format

1readme.pdf help file, Adobe Acrobat format

1readme.txt help file, plain text

acrobat directory containing Adobe Acrobat Reader installers

datafile directory containing graphics files

ARCVIEW directory containing ArcView project and ARC/INFO

coverages

DLG files and instructions for geologic map in Digital Line

Graph (DLG) Optional format

EXPORT ARC/INFO Export format .e00 files

GIV Geologic Information Visualization (GIV) directory

2MIL 1:2,000,000 DLG data converted into GIV format

MAP directory containing .MAP files for 48 states, used by

MAPPER

SOFTWARE directory containing GIV executable programs

TEXTFILS directory containing GIV documentation

PP901 directory containing Professional Paper 901

DLG FORMAT

The digital geologic map of the conterminous United States is stored in
Digital Line Graph (DLG) Optional format files. The geology and fault
DLG coverages are stored in the following files:

kbge.dlg geology

kbf.dlg faults

kbcolor.comma colors for Versatec plotter

kbpat.comma patterns for Versatec plotter

The following instructions for converting DLG files to ARC/INFO
coverages have been adapted from ARC/INFO manuals (Environmental Systems
Research Institute, 1990):

1\) Copy the kbcolor.comma and kbpat.comma files and the DLG files from

the CD-ROM to the info directory; for instance, from a UNIX prompt:

cdrom in

cd info

cp /pdd/cdrom/software/dlg/kbcolor.comma .

cp /pdd/cdrom/software/dlg/kbpat.comma .

cd ..

cp /pdd/cdrom/software/dlg/kbge.dlg .

cp /pdd/cdrom/software/dlg/kbf.dlg .

cdrom out

2\) Launch ARC/INFO and create a lookup table for the rock unit codes:

ARC

INFO

ARC

DEFINE KBCOLOR.LUT

ITEM NAME\>MAJOR1

ITEM WIDTH\>6

ITEM OUTPUT WIDTH\>6

ITEM TYPE\>I

7

ITEM NAME\>CODE

ITEM WIDTH\>6

ITEM OUTPUT WIDTH\>6

ITEM TYPE\>C

13

ITEM NAME\>CODELC

ITEM WIDTH\>6

ITEM OUTPUT WIDTH\>6

ITEM TYPE\>C

19

ITEM NAME\>COLOR

ITEM WIDTH\>6

ITEM OUTPUT WIDTH\>6

ITEM TYPE\>I

25

ITEM NAME\>

ADD FROM KBCOLOR.COMMA

DEFINE KBPAT.LUT

ITEM NAME\>CODE

ITEM WIDTH\>6

ITEM OUTPUT WIDTH\>6

ITEM TYPE\>C

7

ITEM NAME\>PATTERN

ITEM WIDTH\>6

ITEM OUTPUT WIDTH\>6

ITEM TYPE\>I

13

ITEM NAME\>

ADD FROM KBPAT.COMMA

Q STOP

3\) Convert the geology DLG file to a coverage:

DLGARC OPTIONAL KBGE.DLG KBGE

BUILD KBGE

BUILD KBGE LINE

Join the major1 item from KBGE.PCODE using the -ID as key

JOINITEM KBGE.PAT KBGE.PCODE KBGE.PAT KBGE-ID KBGE-ID

Join the unit names and polygon colors from KBCOLOR.LUT

using major1 key

JOINITEM KBGE.PAT KBCOLOR.LUT KBGE.PAT MAJOR1 MAJOR1

Join major1 which contains the line type from KBGE.ACODE

JOINITEM KBGE.AAT KBGE.ACODE KBGE.AAT KBGE-ID KBGE-ID

4\) Convert the fault DLG file to a coverage:

DLGARC OPTIONAL KBF.DLG KBF

BUILD KBF LINE

JOINITEM KBF.AAT KBF.ACODE KBF.AAT KBF-ID KBF-ID

GEOLOGIC INFORMATION VISUALIZATION (GIV) AND ABACUS MAPVIEW FOR DOS

The map is available in GIV and Abacus format for DOS computers. The GIV
software on the disc includes a browser called MAPPER and other programs
for creating GIS layers. GIV lacks graphic driver support for many
modern PC's and laptops. For this reason, the Abacus browser, MAPVIEW,
is also included on the disc. It supports most IBM/PC graphics cards and
laptops but is only a browser, not an authoring program. A Windows
launcher for MAPVIEW is evoked by selecting the MAPWIN.EXE application.

GEOLOGIC INFORMATION VISUALIZATION (GIV) SOFTWARE

Instructions by Christine Cook and Paul Schruben

These instructions explain the GIV graphics software included on the
disc. GIV is a both a geographic information system (GIS) as well as an
easy to use graphics browser.

To view the CD-ROM material, place the disc into the disc drive.

At the DOS prompt, type the drive letter followed by a colon and

then press return. At the CD-ROM drive DOS prompt, type RUN

followed by return. This mode of operation does not require any hard
disk space but executes slower than installed programs and does not
allow the user to save image files to disk.

DOS users who wish to save image files to disk should make the CD-ROM

drive the active drive; then type INSTALL\<RETURN\>. For starts after

installation, type C:\\DDS11\<ENTER\>.

Non-DOS users should copy and convert map files from the other available

graphics formats listed in the A_README.1ST file in the disc\'s root

directory.

After launch, DOS users see the following menu tree:

MAIN MENU

1 - View Raster Map

2 - View Interactive Map, Entire U.S.

3 - View Interactive Map, by State

4 - MENU: View Software Documentation

1 - VIEWLBL Documentation

2 - MAPPER User Documentation

3 - Raster Map Production

4 - Return To MAIN MENU

5 - Map Key (without colors)

6 - Prof. Ppr. 901, King and Beikman

To exit to DOS, press \<Esc\>

To activate a menu option, either move the highlight bar over

that option and press \<Enter\>, or type the corresponding number.

The display software was written by Russell A. Ambroziak and is

part of the Geologic Information Visualization (GIV) package.

The primary programs used are MAPPER, VIEWLBL, and RASTMAP. Option

1, View Raster Map, calls program VIEWLBL. Options 2 and 3 of the

Main Menu, View Interactive Map, call the program MAPPER, which

is mouse operated. RASTMAP is the program that created the

raster map in option 1.

Option 1, View Raster Map, uses program VIEWLBL, which is an image

viewer. You will see a list of 2 \'.LBL\' files appear after

invoking Option 1. Move the highlight bar over \'MAP.LBL\' and

press \<Enter\> on the keyboard, or press the left mouse button.

You will see the subsampled display of an image of the digital

geologic map. With the keyboard, move the box around the image

and press \<Enter\>. The area of the image contained within that

box will be displayed at full resolution. The image was created

by RASTMAP and is viewed by VIEWLBL. VIEWLBL contains

functions for displaying and manipulating images; the VIEWLBL

documentation contains more information. To leave VIEWLBL, move

the bar to \'QUIT\' and press the left mouse button. You will then

see the list of \'.LBL\' files. Hit \<Esc\> a couple of times to

return to the menu system.

Option 2, View Interactive Map, brings up the entire geologic map of the

conterminous 48 States of the United States. If you see the error

message, \"Could not boot the board,\" then, either your video card is

configured for a setting other than 640 by 480 by 256 colors, or

the installed card is not one we currently support. In the

latter case, you will have to place one of the aforementioned

cards into your computer, properly configure it, and try the disc

again.

While looking at the geologic map of the United States, you will see a

menu along the top of the screen. This digital map is fully

interactive, and most of the functions of MAPPER will work

directly off the CD-ROM. The function \'save map\' will not work

because a file cannot be written to the CD-ROM. In order to save a

map, you will have to copy the file \'MAPPER.EXE\' onto your hard

disk and use the following command line:

c:\>mapper l:\\giv

where \'c:\>\' is your hard disk, and \'l:\' is the CD-ROM drive

letter.

The digital maps contained on this disc were created by MAPPER

and related programs; MAPPER is not only a visualization tool, it

is also a creation tool. Therefore, many of the functions in

MAPPER are designed for creating a digital map as well as

displaying it. For more information on how to use MAPPER, see

the MAPPER tutorial.

Option 3 is similar to Option 2 in that it runs MAPPER. However,

it shows the geology with the selected state centered on the screen.

After choosing Option 3, you will see a list of files, each containing

the State two-letter code. Move the highlight bar over a code,

and press the left mouse button, or the \<Enter\> key on the keyboard.

You will then see that portion of the digital map which contains

that State displayed in MAPPER. By choosing \'QUIT\', you will be

returned to the list of States. Hit \<Esc\> a couple of times to

return to the menu system.

All the other menu options allow you to view documents about the

disc, the data on the disc, acknowledgments, and so forth. The

text files are ASCII files and can be printed using the DOS

\'print\' command or brought into a text editor. You are en-

couraged to fill out the User Registration form found within the

Technical Information menu.

CONTACTS FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Questions about the digital geologic map of the conterminous United

States should be directed to the authors:

[Phone FAX Email]{.underline}

Paul Schruben (703) 648-6142 6383 pschrube@usgs.gov

Walt Bawiec (703) 648-6148 6383 wbawiec@usgs.gov

U.S. Geological Survey, 954 National Center, Reston, VA 22092-9998.

Copies of DDS-11 CD-ROM are available from U.S. Geological

Survey, Map Distribution, Box 25286, Building 810, Federal Center,

Denver, CO 80225.

The original 1974 publication of the Geologic Map of the United States
is available as three color sheets numbered IA10-1, 2, and 3 from:

U.S. Geological Survey Map Distribution

Box 25286, Building 810

Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225

Tel: 1-888-ASK-USGS

http://mapping.usgs.gov/esic/to_order.html

The ESIC help line can also supply maps. Telephone 1-888-ASK-USGS

REFERENCES CITED

Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., 1990, ARC/INFO 5.0 User
Manuals: Redlands, CA.

King, Philip B., and Beikman, Helen M., 1974a, Explanatory text to
accompany the geologic map of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey
Professional Paper 901, 40 p.

King, Philip B., and Beikman, Helen M., 1974b, Geologic map of the
United States (exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii) on a scale of
1:2,500,000: U.S. Geological Survey, 3 color plates.

Phillips, J.D., Duval, J.S., and Ambroziak, R.A., 1993, National
geophysical data grids: Gamma-ray, gravity, magnetic, and topographic
data for the conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey Digital
Data Series DDS-9, 1 CD-ROM.

U.S. Geological Survey, 1986, Digital line graphs from 1:24,000-scale
maps: U.S. Geological Survey US GeoData Data Users Guide 1, 109 p.

U.S. Geological Survey, 1987, Digital line graphs from 1:2,000,000-scale
maps: U.S. Geological Survey US GeoData Data Users Guide 3, 71 p.

U.S. Geological Survey, 1989, Digital line graphs from 1:100,000-scale
maps: U.S. Geological Survey US GeoData Data Users Guide 2, 88 p.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Development of the Digital Geologic Map of the Conterminous United
States CD-ROM spanned many years and involved the efforts of many
organizations and individuals. Ray Arndt and Walt Bawiec provided
management for the project. The authors wish to acknowledge the
following individuals who have contributed to the digital product:

Russell A. Ambroziak, USGS, wrote both the GIV and Abacus display
programs. Russell converted ARC/INFO coverages to MAPPER and developed
the other thematic layers such as cities and counties.

Renee Wicks, USGS, and Christine A. Cook, USGS, worked on the conversion
to the CD-ROM MAPPER display software, creating the 48 State views, a
text version of the rock unit legend (KEY.DOC), and writing the
GETSTART.DOC file. Christine also wrote the IMVIS, MAPPER, and RASTMAP
tutorials.

The following organizations and individuals helped in converting the
original paper publication to a digital product:

> The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
>
> Oklahoma Geological Survey, Norman, OK
>
> EROS Data Center, Sioux Falls, SD
>
> Doug Binnie
>
> Lynn Stenson
>
> Sue Mattson
>
> Mike Stoic
>
> Richard F. Meyer, formerly with the USGS
>
> Antoinette L. Medlin, formerly with the USGS
>
> Robert M. Turner, formerly with the USGS
>
> Kenneth J. Lanfear, USGS
>
> Gary Lee Raines, USGS
>
> Phil Balen, formerly with the USGS
>
> Earl E. Brabb, USGS
>
> Brian R. Schachte, USGS
>
> W. David Menzie, USGS
>
> Matthew Paidakovich, formerly with the USGS

The following individuals at USGS provided the final technical review of
Release 1 of the digital map:

> Fred Riggle
>
> Kevin Bond

The text of Professional Paper 901 was scanned and converted to text
with optical character recognition. Special thanks to Brenda McCormick,
who corrected the scanning errors.

The following people have contributed to Release 2:

> Lorri A. Peltz-lewis - corrections to the polygon tags in the map
>
> David Traudt - HTML web version of PP901, CD mastering

USER REGISTRATION

By providing the address information below, you will be

placed on the U.S. Geological Survey\'s mailing list (at no cost

to you) for periodical issues of \"New Publications of the U.S.

Geological Survey.\" Announcements of new CD-ROM releases will be

made through this publication.

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

User name(s)

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

Address (Line 1)

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

Address (Line 2)

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

City State ZIPCODE

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

Phone Number (Optional)

Please return this registration form to:

U.S. Geological Survey

Periodical list of publications

918 National Center

Reston, VA 22092-9998

Thank you for your interest.

DISCLAIMER

This Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) publication was prepared by
an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States
Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any
warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or
responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any
information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or
represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or
service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not
necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or
favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Any
views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state
or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

Although all data and software published on this CD-ROM have been used
by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the U.S.
Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the data and related materials
and/or the functioning of the software. The act of distribution shall
not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by
the USGS in the use of this data, software, or related materials.

Graphical map depictions on this disc are intended to be used within the
map scale limits applicable to the source data. Although software
enables the user to show images on the disc at various scales, the user
is cautioned to refer to the source documentation for the appropriate
map scale limitations.