Power Supply Real Time Controller

*PSRTC*

Operations Guide

Rev. 2

4/4/5

1.0 Introduction [3](#__RefHeading___Toc514034965)

2.0 System to be Controlled [5](#__RefHeading___Toc514034966)

2.1 Power Supplies [5](#__RefHeading___Toc514034967)

2.2 Circuits [7](#__RefHeading___Toc514034968)

3.0 PSRTC Control Algorithms [18](#__RefHeading___Toc514034969)

3.1 Power Supply Control Function [18](#__RefHeading___Toc514034970)

3.1.1 Closed Loop Current Control [21](#__RefHeading___Toc514034971)

3.1.2 Voltage Control & Current Clamp [21](#__RefHeading___Toc514034972)

3.1.3 Voltage to Alpha Conversion [22](#voltage-to-alpha-conversion)

3.1.4 Antiparallel Operation [23](#__RefHeading___Toc514034974)

4.0 Load Current Measurements [24](#__RefHeading___Toc514034976)

5.0 Protection Features [28](#__RefHeading___Toc514034977)

6.0 Simulation Mode [38](#__RefHeading___Toc514034978)

7.0 Implementation [41](#__RefHeading___Toc514034979)

8.0 Input/Output [42](#__RefHeading___Toc514034980)

8.1 Inputs [42](#__RefHeading___Toc514034981)

8.2 Outputs [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034982)

9.0 PSRTC Operations [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034983)

9.1 Directory Structure [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034984)

9.2 Input Data File Editing [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034985)

9.3 PSRTC Operations [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034986)

9.2.1 Initialization of User Interface
[48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034987)

9.2.2 Test Shots [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034988)

9.2.3 Plasma Shots [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034989)

9.2.4 Simulations [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034990)

9.2.5 Viewing Output Data [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034991)

9.2.6 Editing c.d or o.d or t.d [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034992)

9.2.8 Moving Output Files To/From Archive
[48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034993)

9.2.9 Printing Windows [48](#__RefHeading___Toc514034994)

#   {#section .unnumbered}

# 

# 1.0 Introduction

The purpose of the NSTX Power Supply Real Time Controller (PSRTC) is to
provide a means for real time control of the AC/DC converter system
which supplies controlled DC power to the NSTX magnet systems.

![](media/image2.jpeg){width="5.834722222222222in" height="5.65in"}

Figure 1: Conceptual Block Diagram of Control System

The PSRTC supports two modes of operation:

-   "Test" Mode

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-   All NSTX circuits are driven by the PSRTC in closed loop current
    control or open loop voltage control, unless locked out, in a fully
    stand-alone fashion

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-   "Operations" Mode

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-   One or more circuits are driven by the Plasma Control System (PCS),
    via real time voltage commands to the PSRTC, during a specified time
    interval during a pulse, with full control by the PSRTC outside that
    interval

-   Other circuits are driven by the PSRTC in closed loop current
    control or open loop voltage control, unless locked out, in a fully
    stand-alone fashion

-   PSRTC (or PCS) performs closed loop current control to initiate the
    TF coil current, precharge the OH coil, and pre-bias other PF coils

-   at the start of a pre-programmed time window, the PCS initiates the
    plasma and controls plasma current, position, shape, etc. via
    voltage requests to the PSRTC

-   Upon termination of the plasma current the PSRTC (or PCS)
    extinguishes the current in all coil systems according to
    pre-programmed current derivatives.

# 

# 2.0 System to be Controlled

##  Power Supplies 

NSTX utilizes the PPPL \"Power Supply\" (PS) facility originally built
for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) project, consisting of
thirty-nine (39) modular 12-pulse phase controlled thyristor rectifiers.

• Each PS consists of two 6-pulse \"Power Supply Sections\" (PSS) which
are electrically isolated from each other but subject to the same
\"Firing Generator\" (FG ).

• Each PSS is equipped with a full rated bypass module which can carry
the load current when the rectifiers are suppressed.

• Each PSS is rated to produce a maximum average DC output voltage of
1012.85VDC (≈1kV), no load, with 13.8kV AC input voltage applied to the
converter transformer primary.

• Nominal pulse current rating of each PSS is 24kA-6sec/300sec.

• The FG of each PS controls, in effect, the voltage produced by its two
PSS by phase controlling the thyristor firing pulses in accordance with
a Control Word received as an input from the PSRTC. The Control Word is
an 11 bit digital command.

[Power Supply Control Word]{.underline}

*Bits 1 through 8:*

Firing angle, a.k.a. \"alpha\" command, 0 = 0^o^, 255 = 165^o^

*Bit 9:*

\"Convert\" command, 1= rectifier thyristors gated, a.k.a. \"fired\",

> 0 = rectifier thyristors gate blocked, a.k.a. \"suppressed\"

*Bit 10:*

Unused

*Bit 11:*

> \"Block Bypass\" command, 1 = bypass thyristors gate blocked, 0 =
> bypass thyristors gated

## Switching Power Amplifiers

The Resistive Wall Mode (RWM) coils are powered by switching power
amplifiers (SPAs). These are 4-quadrant choppers which can switch a DC
source capacitor bank on to the terminals of the RWM coils in a pulse
width modulation (PWM) fashion.

The SPAs are controlled by a +/- 10V signal generated in the PSRTC which
corresponds to the PWM duty cycle +/-100%.

The DC source capacitor bank is charged by a Transrex power supply
called P13. The charging voltage is set by a parameter in the PSRTC
input data file VP13SPA which can be up to 1012.85 volts (the max
available Transrex output voltage).

There are three SPA sub-units each rated 1kV/3.333kA-6seconds, once
every 300 seconds.

##  Circuits

##  

## 

## Circuit types to be controlled are as depicted in Figure 2, where the boxed thyristor symbol represents one or more PSS connected in series/parallel combination. The lines connecting the circles represent removable bus links.

![](media/image3.pct){width="5.507638888888889in" height="7.125in"}

Figure 2: NSTX Circuit Configurations

a\. Type I is a \"Unipolar\", \"2-Wire\" circuit. Current flows in one
direction through one load coil group.

b\. Type II is a \"Unipolar\", \"3-Wire\" circuit. Current flows in one
direction through two load coil groups; the magnitude of the current may
be different in the two \"twin\" load coil groups.

c\. Type III is a \"Bipolar\", \"2-Wire\" circuit. Current flows in
either direction through one load coil group.

d\. Type IV is a \"Bipolar\", \"3-Wire\" circuit. Current flows in
either direction through two load coil groups; the magnitude and
polarity of the current may be different in the two \"twin\" load coil
groups.

e\. Type V is the RWM-style circuit consisting of a 4-quadrant chopper
as depicted in figure 3.

![](media/image4.jpeg){width="5.972222222222222in"
height="5.944444444444445in"}

Figure 3: RWM Circuit Configuration

A listing of the NSTX circuits along with type, number of DC poles,
number of PSS, and V/I rating is given in Table 1.

**Table** **1:** **NSTX** **Circuit Types, Poles, PSS, and Ratings**

+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| Circuit     | Type    | DC      | Series/ | Volts | Peak   | ESW@  |
|             |         | Poles   |         |       |        |       |
|             |         |         | P       | (+    | Amps   | Peak  |
|             |         |         | arallel | /-kV) |        | Amps  |
|             |         |         |         |       | (kA)   |       |
|             |         |         | PSS     |       |        | (sec) |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| TF          | I       | 2       | 1/4     | 1     | 35.6   | 5.3   |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| OH          | III     | 2       | 6/2     | 6     | +/-24  | 0.525 |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| PF1a Upper  | IV      | 3       | 2/2     | 2     | -5/+15 | 5     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| PF1a Lower  |         |         | 2/2     | 2     | -5/+15 | 5     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| PF1b        | I       | 2       | 2/1     | 2     | 20     | 1     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| PF2 Upper   | II      | 3       | 2/1     | 2     | 20     | 5     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| PF2 Lower   |         |         | 2/1     | 2     | 20     | 5     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| PF3 Upper   | IV      | 3       | 2/1     | 2     | -5/+20 | 5     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| PF3 Lower   |         |         | 2/1     | 2     | -5/+20 | 5     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| PF4         | I       | 2       | 2/1     | 2     | 20     | 5     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| PF5         | I       | 2       | 3/1     | 3     | 20     | 5     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| CHI         | I       | 2       | 2/2     | 2     | 50     | 0.8   |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| RWM1        | V       | 2       | 2       | 1     | 3.333  | 6     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| RWM2        | V       | 2       |         | 1     | 3.333  | 6     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| RWM3        | V       | 2       |         | 1     | 3.333  | 6     |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+
| Total       | 15 ckt  | 27 pole | 45 PSS  |       |        |       |
+-------------+---------+---------+---------+-------+--------+-------+

• Layout of the PF coils is given in Figure 4. Typical test shot
waveforms, which set the envelope for coil currents during plasma
operation, are given in Figure 5. All current and field directions are
defined to be (+) when Clockwise (CW) viewed from above. For nominal
plasma current direction (CCW)\...

-   initial Ioh is (-)

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-   

\- initial PF1A is (+), then swings (-) while Ip is present to increase
triangularity

-   PF1B (-) for CHI X-point formation

-   PF2 usually (-) to increase plasma elongation

-   initial PF3 is (-) to cancel OH stray fields at R~o~ as required to
    produce field null for plasma initiation, but later (+) to provide
    vertical field for radial position control, difference between PF3U
    and PF3L provides radial field for vertical position control

-   PF4 not typically used

-   PF5 (+) to provide vertical field for equilibrium in radial
    position, and to assist PF3 in creating initial field null at R~o~

![](media/image5.pct){width="4.319444444444445in"
height="6.147222222222222in"}

##### 

##### 

##### Figure 5: PF Coil Utilization

![](media/image6.jpeg){width="7.156944444444444in"
height="5.492361111111111in"}

Figure 6: Test Shot Waveforms

• A listing of the Power Supplies connected in the circuits is given in
Table 2. In the NSTX naming, the x in "xS" refers to the series
connection sequence where x=1 corresponds to the power supply section
into which current first enters, and the y in "yP" refers to the
parallel number. For anti-parallel circuits, "1P" is the (+) branch, and
"2P" is the (-) branch.

**Table 2: PSS Utilization**

  ------- --------- ----------------- ------- --------- ----------------- ------------------ ---------------
  Ckt.#   Coil      NSTX Name                                             TFTR Name          

  P1      TF        TF-PSS-1S-1P                                          ETF1-PSS-1A        

                    TF-PSS-1S-2P                                          ETF1-PSS-1B        

          TF Spare  TF-PSS-2S-1P                                          ETF1-PSS-3A        

                    TF-PSS-2S-2P                                          ETF1-PSS-3B        

  P1      TF        TF-PSS-1S-3P                                          ETF1-PSS-2A        

                    TF-PSS-1S-4P                                          ETF1-PSS-2B        

  P1      TF Spare  TF-PSS-2S-3P                                          ETF1-PSS-4A        

                    TF-PSS-2S-4P                                          ETF1-PSS-4B        

                    TF-PSS-3S-1P                                          ETF1-PSS-5B        

                    TF-PSS-3S-2P                                          ETF1-PSS-5A        

                    TF-PSS-4S-1P                                          ETF1-PSS-7B        

                    TF-PSS-4S-2P                                          ETF1-PSS-7A        

                    TF-PSS-5S-1P                                          ETF1-PSS-9B        

                    TF-PSS-5S-2P                                          ETF1-PSS-9A        

                    TF-PSS-3S-3P                                          ETF1-PSS-6B        

                    TF-PSS-3S-4P                                          ETF1-PSS-6A        

                    TF-PSS-4S-3P                                          ETF1-PSS-8B        

                    TF-PSS-4S-4P                                          ETF1-PSS-8A        

                    TF-PSS-5S-3P                                          ETF1-PSS-AB        

                    TF-PSS-5S-4P                                          ETF1-PSS-AA        

  P2      OH        OH-PSS-1S-1P                                          ETF2-PSS-7B        

                    OH-PSS-2S-1P                                          ETF2-PSS-7A        

                    OH-PSS-3S-1P                                          ETF2-PSS-5B        

                    OH-PSS-4S-1P                                          ETF2-PSS-5A        

                    OH-PSS-8S-2P                                          ETF2-PSS-2A        

                    OH-PSS-7S-2P                                          ETF2-PSS-2B        

                    OH-PSS-6S-2P                                          ETF2-PSS-4A        

                    OH-PSS-5S-2P                                          ETF2-PSS-4B        

                    OH-PSS-5S-1P                                          ETF2-PSS-3B        

                    OH-PSS-6S-1P                                          ETF2-PSS-3A        

                    OH-PSS-7S-1P                                          ETF2-PSS-1B        

                    OH-PSS-8S-1P                                          ETF2-PSS-1A        

                    OH-PSS-4S-2P                                          ETF2-PSS-6A        

                    OH-PSS-3S-2P                                          ETF2-PSS-6B        

                    OH-PSS-2S-2P                                          ETF2-PSS-8A        

                    OH-PSS-1S-2P                                          ETF2-PSS-8B        

                    SPARE                                                 ETF2-PSS-9A        

                    SPARE                                                 ETF2-PSS-9B        

                    SPARE                                                 ETF2-PSS-AA        

                    SPARE                                                 ETF2-PSS-AB        

  P3      PF1aU     PF1AU-PSS-1S-1P                                       EEF4-PSS-2B        

                    PF1AU-PSS-2S-1P                                       EEF4-PSS-2A        

                    PF1AU-PSS-1S-2P                                       EOH3-PSS-2B        

                    PF1AU-PSS-2S-2P                                       EOH3-PSS-2A        

  P4      PF1aL     PF1AL-PSS-1S-1P                                       EEF3-PSS-1B        

                                                        PF1AL-PSS-2S-1P                      EEF3-PSS-1A

                                                        PF1AL-PSS-1S-2P                      EEF3-PSS-2B

                                                        PF1AL-PSS-2S-2P                      EEF3-PSS-2A

  P5      PF1b      PF1B-PSS-1S                                           EEF4-PSS-1B        

                    PF1B-PSS-2S                                           EEF4-PSS-1A        

  P6      PF2U      PF2U-PSS-1S                                           EOH5-PSS-1B        

                    PF2U-PSS-2S                                           EOH5-PSS-1A        

  P7      PF2L      PF2L-PSS-1S                                           EOH3-PSS-1B        

                    PF2L-PSS-2S                                           EOH3-PSS-1A        

  P8      PF3U      PF3U-PSS-1S-1P                                        EOH2-PSS-1B        

                    PF3U-PSS-2S-1P                                        EOH2-PSS-1A        

                    PF3U-PSS-1S-2P                                        EEF1-PSS-1B        

                    PF3U-PSS-2S-2P                                        EEF1-PSS-1A        

  P9      PF3L      PF3L-PSS-1S-1P                                        EOH4-PSS-1B        

                    PF3L-PSS-2S-1P                                        EOH4-PSS-1A        

                    PF3L-PSS-1S-2P                                        EEF1-PSS-2B        

                    PF3L-PSS-2S-2P                                        EEF1-PSS-2A        

  P10     PF5       PF5-PSS-1S                                            EOH6-PSS-1B        

                    PF5-PSS-3S                                            EOH6-PSS-1A        

                    PF5-PSS-2S                                            EOH5-PSS-2B        

  P11     CHI       CHI-PSS-1S-1P                                         EOH1-PSS-1B        

                    CHI-PSS-1S-2P                                         EOH1-PSS-2B        

                    CHI-PSS-2S-1P                                         EOH1-PSS-2A        

                    CHI-PSS-2S-2P                                         EOH1-PSS-1A        

  P12     PF4       PF4-PSS-1S                                            EEF2-PSS-1B        

                    PF4-PSS-2S                                            EEF2-PSS-1A        

  P13     RWM       P13-PSS-1S                                            EEF2-PSS-2B        

                    P13-PSS-2S                                            EEF2-PSS-2A        
  ------- --------- ----------------- ------- --------- ----------------- ------------------ ---------------

+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|   ------- ------- ----------         |                               |
| ------- ------------- ------- ------ |                               |
|   Ckt.#   Coil    NSTX Nam           |                               |
| e         TFTR Name     Type    Init |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P1      TF      TF-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-1P      ETF1-PSS-1A   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-2P      ETF1-PSS-1B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|           TF      TF-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-1P      ETF1-PSS-3A   UP       |                               |
|           Spare                      |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-2P      ETF1-PSS-3B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P1      TF      TF-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-3P      ETF1-PSS-2A   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-4P      ETF1-PSS-2B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P1      TF      TF-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-3P      ETF1-PSS-4A   UP       |                               |
|           Spare                      |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-4P      ETF1-PSS-4B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-1P      ETF1-PSS-5B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-2P      ETF1-PSS-5A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-1P      ETF1-PSS-7B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-2P      ETF1-PSS-7A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-1P      ETF1-PSS-9B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-2P      ETF1-PSS-9A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-3P      ETF1-PSS-6B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-4P      ETF1-PSS-6A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-3P      ETF1-PSS-8B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-4P      ETF1-PSS-8A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-3P      ETF1-PSS-AB   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-4P      ETF1-PSS-AA            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P2      OH      OH-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-1P      ETF2-PSS-7B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-1P      ETF2-PSS-7A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-1P      ETF2-PSS-5B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-1P      ETF2-PSS-5A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-8S-2P      ETF2-PSS-2A   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-7S-2P      ETF2-PSS-2B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-6S-2P      ETF2-PSS-4A   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-2P      ETF2-PSS-4B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-1P      ETF2-PSS-3B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-6S-1P      ETF2-PSS-3A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-7S-1P      ETF2-PSS-1B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-8S-1P      ETF2-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-2P      ETF2-PSS-6A   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-2P      ETF2-PSS-6B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-2P      ETF2-PSS-8A   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-2P      ETF2-PSS-8B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   SPAR               |                               |
| E             ETF2-PSS-9A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   SPAR               |                               |
| E             ETF2-PSS-9B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   SPAR               |                               |
| E             ETF2-PSS-AA            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   SPAR               |                               |
| E             ETF2-PSS-AB            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P3      PF1aU   PF1A               |                               |
| U-PSS-1S-1P   EEF4-PSS-2B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| U-PSS-2S-1P   EEF4-PSS-2A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| U-PSS-1S-2P   EOH3-PSS-2B   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| U-PSS-2S-2P   EOH3-PSS-2A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P4      PF1aL   PF1A               |                               |
| L-PSS-1S-1P   EEF3-PSS-1B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| L-PSS-2S-1P   EEF3-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| L-PSS-1S-2P   EEF3-PSS-2B   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| L-PSS-2S-2P   EEF3-PSS-2A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P5      PF1b    PF1B               |                               |
| -PSS-1S       EEF4-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1B               |                               |
| -PSS-2S       EEF4-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P6      PF2U    PF2U               |                               |
| -PSS-1S       EOH5-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF2U               |                               |
| -PSS-2S       EOH5-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P7      PF2L    PF2L               |                               |
| -PSS-1S       EOH3-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF2L               |                               |
| -PSS-2S       EOH3-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P8      PF3U    PF3U               |                               |
| -PSS-1S-1P    EOH2-PSS-1B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3U               |                               |
| -PSS-2S-1P    EOH2-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3U               |                               |
| -PSS-1S-2P    EEF1-PSS-1B   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3U               |                               |
| -PSS-2S-2P    EEF1-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P9      PF3L    PF3L               |                               |
| -PSS-1S-1P    EOH4-PSS-1B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3L               |                               |
| -PSS-2S-1P    EOH4-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3L               |                               |
| -PSS-1S-2P    EEF1-PSS-2B   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3L               |                               |
| -PSS-2S-2P    EEF1-PSS-2A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P10     PF5     PF5-               |                               |
| PSS-1S        EOH6-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF5-               |                               |
| PSS-3S        EOH6-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF5-               |                               |
| PSS-2S        EOH5-PSS-2B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P11     CHI     CHI-               |                               |
| PSS-1S-1P     EOH1-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   CHI-               |                               |
| PSS-1S-2P     EOH1-PSS-2B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   CHI-               |                               |
| PSS-2S-1P     EOH1-PSS-2A   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   CHI-               |                               |
| PSS-2S-2P     EOH1-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P12     PF4     PF4-               |                               |
| PSS-1S        EEF2-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF4-               |                               |
| PSS-2S        EEF2-PSS-1A   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P13     RWM     P13-               |                               |
| PSS-1S        EEF2-PSS-2B   Soft     |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                             Start    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   P13-               |                               |
| PSS-2S        EEF2-PSS-2A            |                               |
|   ------- ------- ----------         |                               |
| ------- ------------- ------- ------ |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   ------- ------- ----------         |                               |
| ------- ------------- ------- ------ |                               |
|   Ckt.#   Coil    NSTX Nam           |                               |
| e         TFTR Name     Type    Init |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P1      TF      TF-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-1P      ETF1-PSS-1A   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-2P      ETF1-PSS-1B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|           TF      TF-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-1P      ETF1-PSS-3A   UP       |                               |
|           Spare                      |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-2P      ETF1-PSS-3B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P1      TF      TF-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-3P      ETF1-PSS-2A   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-4P      ETF1-PSS-2B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P1      TF      TF-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-3P      ETF1-PSS-4A   UP       |                               |
|           Spare                      |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-4P      ETF1-PSS-4B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-1P      ETF1-PSS-5B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-2P      ETF1-PSS-5A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-1P      ETF1-PSS-7B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-2P      ETF1-PSS-7A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-1P      ETF1-PSS-9B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-2P      ETF1-PSS-9A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-3P      ETF1-PSS-6B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-4P      ETF1-PSS-6A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-3P      ETF1-PSS-8B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-4P      ETF1-PSS-8A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-3P      ETF1-PSS-AB   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   TF-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-4P      ETF1-PSS-AA            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P2      OH      OH-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-1P      ETF2-PSS-7B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-1P      ETF2-PSS-7A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-1P      ETF2-PSS-5B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-1P      ETF2-PSS-5A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-8S-2P      ETF2-PSS-2A   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-7S-2P      ETF2-PSS-2B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-6S-2P      ETF2-PSS-4A   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-2P      ETF2-PSS-4B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-5S-1P      ETF2-PSS-3B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-6S-1P      ETF2-PSS-3A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-7S-1P      ETF2-PSS-1B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-8S-1P      ETF2-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-4S-2P      ETF2-PSS-6A   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-3S-2P      ETF2-PSS-6B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-2S-2P      ETF2-PSS-8A   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   OH-P               |                               |
| SS-1S-2P      ETF2-PSS-8B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   SPAR               |                               |
| E             ETF2-PSS-9A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   SPAR               |                               |
| E             ETF2-PSS-9B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   SPAR               |                               |
| E             ETF2-PSS-AA            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   SPAR               |                               |
| E             ETF2-PSS-AB            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P3      PF1aU   PF1A               |                               |
| U-PSS-1S-1P   EEF4-PSS-2B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| U-PSS-2S-1P   EEF4-PSS-2A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| U-PSS-1S-2P   EOH3-PSS-2B   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| U-PSS-2S-2P   EOH3-PSS-2A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P4      PF1aL   PF1A               |                               |
| L-PSS-1S-1P   EEF3-PSS-1B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| L-PSS-2S-1P   EEF3-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| L-PSS-1S-2P   EEF3-PSS-2B   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1A               |                               |
| L-PSS-2S-2P   EEF3-PSS-2A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P5      PF1b    PF1B               |                               |
| -PSS-1S       EEF4-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF1B               |                               |
| -PSS-2S       EEF4-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P6      PF2U    PF2U               |                               |
| -PSS-1S       EOH5-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF2U               |                               |
| -PSS-2S       EOH5-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P7      PF2L    PF2L               |                               |
| -PSS-1S       EOH3-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF2L               |                               |
| -PSS-2S       EOH3-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P8      PF3U    PF3U               |                               |
| -PSS-1S-1P    EOH2-PSS-1B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3U               |                               |
| -PSS-2S-1P    EOH2-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3U               |                               |
| -PSS-1S-2P    EEF1-PSS-1B   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3U               |                               |
| -PSS-2S-2P    EEF1-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P9      PF3L    PF3L               |                               |
| -PSS-1S-1P    EOH4-PSS-1B   BP(+)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3L               |                               |
| -PSS-2S-1P    EOH4-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3L               |                               |
| -PSS-1S-2P    EEF1-PSS-2B   BP(-)    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF3L               |                               |
| -PSS-2S-2P    EEF1-PSS-2A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P10     PF5     PF5-               |                               |
| PSS-1S        EOH6-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF5-               |                               |
| PSS-3S        EOH6-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF5-               |                               |
| PSS-2S        EOH5-PSS-2B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P11     CHI     CHI-               |                               |
| PSS-1S-1P     EOH1-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   CHI-               |                               |
| PSS-1S-2P     EOH1-PSS-2B            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   CHI-               |                               |
| PSS-2S-1P     EOH1-PSS-2A   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   CHI-               |                               |
| PSS-2S-2P     EOH1-PSS-1A            |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P12     PF4     PF4-               |                               |
| PSS-1S        EEF2-PSS-1B   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   PF4-               |                               |
| PSS-2S        EEF2-PSS-1A   UP       |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|   P13     RWM     P13-               |                               |
| PSS-1S        EEF2-PSS-2B   Soft     |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                             Start    |                               |
|                                      |                               |
|                   P13-               |                               |
| PSS-2S        EEF2-PSS-2A            |                               |
|   ------- ------- ----------         |                               |
| ------- ------------- ------- ------ |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                                      |                               |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------------------+

It is noted that:

•  a total of 20 PS Groups are explicitly controlled

• The voltage applied to, or the current produced in, each of the
circuits must be explicitly controlled. Therefore, eleven (15) separate
circuit control loops are required.

• However, if the bus links are not installed in the Type II and Type IV
circuits, then they reduce to Type I and Type III, respectively. In this
case, either the U or L part shall be locked out in the control data
file and the remaining part used to control the circuit.

*e.g. if no link in midpoint of PF1AU and PF1AL, lock out PF1AL and
refer all control to PF1AU*

  ----------- ---------------- --------------------- ---------------------
                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     
  ----------- ---------------- --------------------- ---------------------

  ----------- ---------------- --------------------- ---------------------
                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     

                                                     
  ----------- ---------------- --------------------- ---------------------

#  

# 3.0 PSRTC Control Algorithms

3.1 Power Supply Control Function

The Power Supply Control Function is depicted in Figure 7.

• The same basic function is applied to all of the circuits via \"do
loops\". A minor difference is that the final output to the thyristor
rectifiers is the firing angle (), whereas the final output to the SPAs
is the PWM duty factor (d).

• The output of the control function consists of the firing angle () or
duty factor (d) and convert bit commands which are delivered to the PS
in the form of the PS Control Words. Since these commands are related to
the voltage they are, essentially, voltage commands.

• The voltage commands are derived either from closed loop
proportional - integral (PI) current control against a programmable
reference, or from a direct voltage request.

• The direct voltage request is obtained from either a programmable
reference, or a signal supplied in real time by the PRTC.

• When in the voltage control mode, a current clamp feature is applied
if the current approaches a programmable limit. Additional features
include rate limiting, and control of anti-parallel rectifiers,
including the required limiting.

![](media/image7.pct){width="4.495833333333334in"
height="8.495833333333334in"}

##### 

##### Figure 7: Power Supply Control Function 

#####  

### 3.1.1 Closed Loop Current Control

• I~load~ is subtracted from pre-programmed I~reference~. The difference
is the error I~error~.

• I~error~ is multiplied by proportional gain G~p~, and is integrated
and multiplied by integral gain G~i~. The sum of these two terms is the
voltage requested by current control V~current~.

• Integral term is only applied when \|I~error~\| falls below 2.5% of
the reference and is reset each time \|I~error~\| exceeds 2.5%

### 

### 3.1.2 Voltage Control & Current Clamp

•  V~command~ can be either the programmable reference V~reference~ or a
real time signal provided by the PRTC (V~PRTC~).

• Time window for V~PRTC~ is set by preprogrammed plasma start and end
times.

• Two types of current clamping are imposed when in voltage control
mode.

1)  The first type is based on PI control which generates a voltage
    V~clamp~ whenever the load current I~load~ passes outside input
    values I~clamp~\>0 and I~clamp~\<0

    a.  When the current returns to the allowable range the clamp
        integrator is reset

    b.  The net voltage request based on voltage control V~voltage~ is
        the result of the addition of V~command~ and V~clamp~

2)  The second type takes effect when the load current comes within \~2%
    of the circuit overcurrent setting. In this case a voltage limit
    V0~max~ is calculated each time step such that the current after the
    next time step I^i+1^ can reach no more than 98% or the overcurrent
    setting, based on 0.98\*I~oc~= I^i^\*exp(-dt/tau)+ V0~max~/R\*(
    1-exp(-dt/tau))

### 

### 3.1.3 Voltage to Alpha Conversion

• selection of the source of the voltage request V~0~ from either
voltage control V~voltage~ or current control V~current~ is a function
of time.

• V~1~ is the per unit version of V~0~ based on V~1~=V~0~/V~max~, where
V~max~ is the maximum no-load voltage available for the circuit in
question. V~max~ is based on the programmable number of series PSS (NS),
and the primary side AC rms line-to-line source voltage E (nominally
13.8kV at D-site).

• V~2~ is a rate and magnitude limited version of V~1~, where the rate
limit is programmable for each circuit and the magnitude limit is -1 to
1 per unit. The rate limit is only applied when the antiparallel mode is
in effect (see next section).

• ~0~ is the firing angle request, and ~1~ is the firing angle after
limiting. If antiparallel operation is not in effect, then the allowable
range of ~1~ is 0 to ~max~ , where ~max~ is the maximum permissible
delay angle. It is calculated based on the load current per PSS, equal
to I~load~/NP where NP is the number of parallel PSS branches in the
circuit being controlled, the AC source frequency , the commutating
inductance L~c~, and the AC source voltage E, along with a programmable
inversion margin angle .

• If antiparallel operation is in effect, then the minimum permissible
delay angle ~min~ is set equal to 180 - ~max~ , so that the allowable
range of alpha is therefore ~min~ ≤ ~1~ ≤ ~max~ in the antiparallel
mode.

• In the case of the RWM/SPA circuits, ~1~ is set directly equal to V~2~
which is equivalent to the PWM duty cycle "d". Furthermore, the RWM1 ~2~
storage location is used for the SPA DC source P13 firing angle, and
RWM1 ncvt2 for the convert bit.

### 

### 3.1.4 Antiparallel Operation

### 

• permits bipolar current flow in the load without delay around current
zero

• antiparallel converters (a.k.a. the (#1) and (#2) converters) must be
operated at symmetric (about 90 degrees) delay angles ~min~ and ~max~,
i.e.

~2~ = 180 - ~1~

• this is required to minimize the circulating current which is impeded
only by the Current Limiting Reactors (CLRs).

• the antiparallel mode is declared when the magnitude of the load
current I~load~ falls below a threshold I~thresh~

• conditioned by a hysteresis function which only declares the mode to
be true if the previous magnitude exceeded the threshold

• switch is provided to enable/disable antiparallel operation for each
circuit.

4.0 Load C urrent Measurements

•  PSS branch currents are measured by two types of DC current
transducers

-   Halmar "zero flux" type

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-   high accuracy (0.1%) if well calibrated and installed

-   excellent frequency response

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-   Shunt "leaf" type

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-   Simple and reliable

-   good accuracy (0.5%)

-   moderate frequency response

• Redundant measurements are (ideally) provided in each branch

> \- except PF1A and PF3, which are lacking a complete set of branch
> currents
>
> \- via control input data, PF1A and PF3 the total current is
> substituted for the branch current with scaling factor reduced by 1/2
>
> \- in some cases (low inductance circuits) it has been found necessary
> to drop the shunt measurement due to amplification of power supply
> ripple (L~shunt~ \* dI~load~/dt, and consequential control loop
> response), and substitute the Halmar (loss of redundancy)

• RWM currents are measured by tranducers built into the SPA units

• Signal processing (buffer and fan out) by "Halmar Signal Conditioner"
(HSC)

• Interface with control computer via "Data Acquisition System" (DAS)

• Interface with EPICs (and MDS+) via CAMAC digitizers

• List of DCCT signals is given in Table 4

##### 

##### 

  ----------- ------------- -- -------- ---------------- -- ------- -------------------- --------------- --------------
                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

                                                                                                         

  **Imeas**   **Ckt/Sys**      **kA**   **D-site            **SKY   **Dig.**                             **Comment**
                                        Identifier**        Ch.**                                        

  1           OH (+) Branch    25       ETF2-MN1-MH1-I      5       pc_oh_br_1_cur_1                      

  2           OH (-) Branch    25       ETF2-MN3-MH1-I      6       pc_oh_br_2_cur_1                      

  3           PF1a Upper       25       PF1AU-CTD-MH1       8       pc_pf1au_cur_1                       ∑Current
              (+) Branch                                                                                 substituting
                                                                                                         for PSRTC
                                                                                                         branch current

  4           PF1a Upper       na       na                  na      na                                    
              (-) Branch                                                                                 

  5           PF1a Lower       50       EFVC-MN2-MH1-I      7       pc_pf1al_cur_1                       ∑Current
              (+) Branch                                                                                 substituting
                                                                                                         for PSRTC
                                                                                                         branch current

  6           PF1a Lower       na       na                  na      na                                    
              (-) Branch                                                                                 

  7           PF1b             25       EEF1-MN1-MH1-I      9       pc_pf1b_cur_1                         

  8           PF2 Upper        50       EOH5-CTD-MH1-I      27      pc_pf2u_cur_1                         

  9           PF2 Lower        50       EOH3-CTD-MH1-I      26      pc_pf2l_cur_1                         

  10          PF3 Upper (+)    50       EOH2-CTD-MH1-I      29      pc_pf3u_cur_1                        ∑Current
              Branch                                                                                     substituting
                                                                                                         for PSRTC
                                                                                                         branch current

  11          PF3 Upper (-)    25       EOH2-MN2-MH1-I      34      pc_pf3u_br_2_cur_1                    
              Branch                                                                                     

  12          PF3 Lower (+)    25       EOH4-CTD-MH1-I      28      pc_pf3l_cur_1                        ∑Current
              Branch                                                                                     substituting
                                                                                                         for PSRTC
                                                                                                         branch current

  13          PF3 Lower (-)    25       EOH4-MN2-MH1-I      33      pc_pf3l_br_2_cur_1                    
              Branch                                                                                     

  14          PF5              50       EOH6-CTD-MH1-I      30      pc_pf5_cur_1                          

  15          CHI Branch 1     25       EOH1-MN2-MH1-I      36      pc_chi_br_1_cur_1                     

  16          CHI Branch 2     25       EOH1-MN3-MH1-I      35      pc_chi_br_2_cur_1                     

  17          TF Branch 1      25       ETF1-MN1-MH1-I      1       pc_tf_br_1_cur_1                      

  18          TF Branch 2      25       ETF1-MN2-MH1-I      2       pc_tf_br_2_cur_1                      

  19          TF Branch 3      25       ETF1-MN3-MH1-I      3       pc_tf_br_3_cur_1                      

  20          TF Branch 4      25       ETF1-MN4-MH1-I      4       pc_tf_br_4_cur_1                      

  21          PF4              30       PF4-MN1             16      pc_pf4_cur_1                          

  22          SPA1             3.333                        65                                            

  23          SPA2             3.333                        67                                            

  24          SPA3             3.333                        69                                            

  1           OH (+) Branch    25       ETF2-CTD-MH1-I      21      pc_oh_br_1_cur_2                      

  2           OH (-) Branch    25       ETF2-CTD-MH2-I      22      pc_oh_br_2_cur_2                      

  3           PF1a Upper       25       PF1AU-CTD-MH2       24      pc_pf1au_cur_2                       ∑Current
              (+) Branch                                                                                 substituting
                                                                                                         for PSRTC
                                                                                                         branch current

  4           PF1a Upper                                                                                  
              (-) Branch                                                                                 

  5           PF1a Lower       50       EFVC-CTD-MH1-I      23      pc_pf1al_cur_2                       ∑Current
              (+) Branch                                                                                 substituting
                                                                                                         for PSRTC
                                                                                                         branch current

  6           PF1a Lower                                                                                  
              (-) Branch                                                                                 

  7           PF1b             25       EEF1-CTD-MH1-I      25      pc_pf1b_cur_2                         

  8           PF2 Upper        25       ESHUNT-OH5          11      pc_pf2u_cur_2                         

  9           PF2 Lower        25       ESHUNT-OH3          10      pc_pf2l_cur_2                         

  10          PF3 Upper (+)    25       ESHUNT-OH2          13      pc_pf3u_cur_2                        ∑Current
              Branch                                                                                     substituting
                                                                                                         for PSRTC
                                                                                                         branch current

  11          PF3 Upper (-)    25       Future                                                            
              Branch                                                                                     

  12          PF3 Upper (+)    25       ESHUNT-OH4          12      pc_pf3l_cur_2                        ∑Current
              Branch                                                                                     substituting
                                                                                                         for PSRTC
                                                                                                         branch current

  13          PF3 Lower (-)    25       Future                                                            
              Branch                                                                                     

  14          PF5              25       ESHUNT-OH6          14      pc_pf5_cur_2                          

  15          CHI Branch 1     50       Future                                                            

  16          CHI Branch 2     25       Future                                                            

  17          TF Branch 1      25       ETF1-CTD-MH1-I      17      pc_tf_br_1_cur_2                      

  18          TF Branch 2      25       ETF1-CTD-MH2-I      18      pc_tf_br_2_cur_2                      

  19          TF Branch 3      25       ETF1-CTD-MH3-I      19      pc_tf_br_3_cur_2                      

  20          TF Branch 4      25       ETF1-CTD-MH4-I      20      pc_tf_br_4_cur_2                      

  21          PF4              30       PF4-MN2             32      pc_pf4_cur_2                          

  22          SPA1             3.333                        66                                            

  23          SPA2             3.333                        68                                            

  24          SPA3             3.333                        70                                            

              CHI ∑ Current    50       EOH1-MN1-XT1-I      15      pc_chi_tot_cur_1                      

              CHI ∑ Current    50       EOH1-CTD-MH1-I      31      pc_chi_tot_cur_1                      
  ----------- ------------- -- -------- ---------------- -- ------- -------------------- --------------- --------------

  --- --------------- ---- ----------------- ----- ----- --------------- ----
                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         

                                                                         
  --- --------------- ---- ----------------- ----- ----- --------------- ----

##### 

  --- ----------------- ---- --------------- ----- ----- -------------- ----
                                                                        

                                                                        

                                                                        

                                                                        

                                                                        

                                                                        

                                                                        

                                                                        

                                                                        

                                                                        

                                                                        

                                                                        
  --- ----------------- ---- --------------- ----- ----- -------------- ----

• Polarity considerations

-   all coil currents defined as (+) when clockwise viewed from above

-   some DCCTs are installed backwards, but inverted via a control input
    variable

-   some DCCTs are on coil side of the bus links, others on power supply
    side (and subject to polarity reversal (w.r.t. coil) when links are
    reversed; the software accounts for this

• Offset subtraction

-   

-   

-   \- just prior to each pulse, average of last 100 samples of current
    is taken as the offset and subtracted from measurements during pulse

• During pulse, at each time step, the difference between the magnitude
of the two redundant measurements is calculated and compared to a
programmable allowable as a check for the validity of the measurements.

-   The measurement with the larger magnitude taken as the branch
    current, corrected for polarity, and used for further processing.

-   

-   •  The coil currents I~load~ are obtained from the sum of the
    individual branch measurements, and are always handled with respect
    to the formal definition of current direction

# 5.0 Protection Features

Following protection features are provided in the PSRTC:

• instantaneous overcurrent protection

-   branch (during standby and pulse modes)

-   load (pulse mode only)

• single pulse ∫i2(t)dt protection

• adiabatic coil temperature rise

• axial force protection for PF coils

• axial force protection for PF coils

Table 5: Coil Parameters

  ----------- ---------- -------- ---------- ---------- ------- -------- --------- --------
  Coil        R (center) ∆R       Z (center) ∆Z         Turns   Fill     Turn CSA  R(12C)

              (in)       (in)     (in)       (in)                        (in\^2)   (mOhm)

  OH          5.2088     1.7335   41.7490    83.4980    482     0.7403   0.2223    93.17

  PF1a        7.2403     1.6265   62.6215    9.1820     20      0.6956   0.9987    1.15

  PF1b        11.9768    3.3055   71.8570    7.5030     32      0.6702   0.5195    3.04

  PF2a        31.4634    6.4060   76.1225    2.6760     14      0.7409   0.5195    4.01

  PF2b        31.4634    6.4060   72.9385    2.6760     14      0.7409   0.9072    

  PF3a        58.8370    7.3400   64.3114    2.6760     15      0.6928   0.9072    8.03

  PF3b        58.8370    7.3400   61.1274    2.6760     15      0.6928   0.9072    

  PF4b        70.6540    3.6040   31.7800    2.6760     8       0.7525   0.9072    10.96

  PF4c        71.1210    4.5380   34.9640    2.6760     9       0.6723   0.9072    

  PF5a        78.5280    5.3500   25.6840    2.6980     12      0.7689   0.9072    16.81

  PF5b        78.5280    5.3500   22.7440    2.6980     12      0.7689   0.9248    

  TF Inner    1.1090     2.2180   55.7500    111.5000   12               1.0540    6.32

  TF Outer    3.0750     1.5460   49.6875    99.3750    24               1.0530    
  ----------- ---------- -------- ---------- ---------- ------- -------- --------- --------

  ----- ------- ------- ------ ------- ------ ------ ------ ------- -------
                                                                    

                                                                    

                                                                    

                                                                    

                                                                    

                                                                    

                                                                    

                                                                    

                                                                    

                                                                    

                                                                    
  ----- ------- ------- ------ ------- ------ ------ ------ ------- -------

**Table 6:** **Coil** **Ratings**

  ----------- ------ ---------- ------ ------ ------ -------- ---------- --------------- --
                     Circuit                  Iesw            Tesw       I2T             

                                              (kA)            (sec)      (ka\^2-sec)     

                     OH                       24.0            0.53       302             

                     PF1aU,L                  24.0            2.50       1440            

                     PF1b                     20.0            1.00       400             

                     PF2U,L                   20.0            5.00       2000            

                     PF3U,L                   20.0            5.00       2000            

                     PF4                      20.0            5.00       2000            

                     PF5                      20.0            5.00       2000            

                     RWM1,2,3                 5.0             2.50       63              

                     TF                       71.2            1.32       6700            

                     CHI                      50.0            1.0        2400            

                                                                                         

                                                                                         

                                                                                         

                                                                                         

                                                                                         

                                                                                         

                                                                                         

                                                                                         

                                                                                         

                                                                                         

                                                                                         
  ----------- ------ ---------- ------ ------ ------ -------- ---------- --------------- --

**Table 7:** **Coil** **Thermal Parameters**

  ---------- -- ----------- -- ----------- -- --------- ------- ------- ----- ---------------------
  Circuit       Thermal Res    Heat Cap       Thermal                         
                                              Tau                             

                (degC/kW)      (kJ/degC)      (sec)                           

  OH            0.65           397            258                             

  PF1aU,L       1.23           27             33                              

  PF1b          1.22           71             86                              

  PF2U,L        0.70           284            200                             

  PF3U,L        1.05           569            596                             

  PF4           0.81           364            296                             

  PF5           0.18           1239           220                             

  RWM1,2,3      293.33         15             4288                            

  TF            0.054          486            26                              

                                                                              

                                                                              

                                                                              

                                                                              

                                                                              

                                                                              

                                                                              

                                                                              

                                                                              

                                                                              

                                                                              
  ---------- -- ----------- -- ----------- -- --------- ------- ------- ----- ---------------------

• RMS current checks (based on continuous simulation of heating (during
pulse) and cooling (between pulses) of DC cable systems. Cable
parameters are given in Table 8.

**Table** **8: DC Cable Parameters**

  ---------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ----------- ----------- ----------
  System     Cable Size #Parallel   Resistance   Cp          Tr          Tau

             MCM                    µΩ/in        J/degC-in   degC/W-in   minute

  OH         1000       1           0.866        44.2        39.0        28.6

  PF1a U &L  1000       2           0.433        88.3        19.4        28.6

  PF1a       1000       2           0.433        88.3        19.4        28.6
  Midpoint                                                               

  PF1b       750        2           0.577        66.2        20.8        23.0

  PF2 U&L    1000       3           0.289        132.5       12.9        28.6

  PF2        1000       3           0.289        132.5       12.9        28.6
  Midpoint                                                               

  PF3 U&L    750        1           1.155        33.1        68.6        37.9
  (+)                                                                    

  PF3 U&L    1000       3           0.289        132.5       12.9        28.6
  (-)                                                                    

  PF3 U&L    1000       3           0.289        132.5       12.9        28.6
  Midpoint                                                               

  PF4                                                                    

  PF5        1000       3           0.289        132.5       12.9        28.6

  RWM        500        1           2.16         22.1        22.9        17.2

  TF         1000       5           0.173        220.8       7.8         28.6

  CHI        750        3           0.385        99.4        22.9        37.9
  ---------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ----------- ----------- ----------

• Launching load (product of Ioh and Ipf1b shall be ≥ preprogrammed
level) (Note: this interlock is still present but not used)

• CHI/TF Interlock (CHI suppressed unless \|Itf\| ≥ preprogrammed level)

[Axial Loads]{.underline}

Influence coefficients given in are used to calculate the force on PF
coil x due to its current and the forces in the other y coils as
follows...

$$F_{x} = \sum_{y}^{}C_{\text{xy}}I_{x}I_{y}$$

This calculation is performed once each time step for each of the PF
coils, namely OH, PF1aU, PF1aL, PF1b, PF2U, PF2L, PF3U, PF3L, PF4, PF5.
Limits are included in the PSRTC c.d file for each coil. If the sign of
the limit is positive, then a positive force greater than the limit
causes a trip, and if the sign of the limit is negative, then a negative
force less than the limit causes a trip. The influence coefficients are
hard coded into the "rtc_init.f" program. The data generated for the
forces on each coil is available as an output which can be selected in
the "o.d" file and viewed after each pulse via "readrtc".

[Peak Pressure on TF Joint]{.underline}

The first step in calculating the pressure is to calculate the
prospective moments in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OOP). The in-plane
moment is assumed proportional to the square of the TF current. A moment
of 70653 in-lbf is generated on the outer layer flags and links at 6kG
(71.166kA). So the applied EM moment at any value of current is...

$$M_{\text{EM}_{\text{IP}}} = \left( \frac{I_{\text{TF}}}{\text{71167}} \right)^{2} \ast \text{70653}$$

The amount of moment which ends up a the joint depends on how much is
reacted by the structure. Structural coefficients are based on analysis
of field measurements. These are used to estimate the amount of the
moment which is reacted by the joint...

$$M_{\text{Jo}\text{int\_}\text{IP}} = C_{\text{Structure}_{\text{IP}}} \ast M_{\text{EM}_{\text{IP}}}$$

Similar calculations are performed for the out-of-plane moment based on
the influence matrix given for the our-of-plane moment, and on
structural coefficients based on analysis of field measurements. These
take the following form...

$$M_{\text{Jo}\text{int\_}\text{OOP}} = \sum_{x}^{}C_{x_{\text{OOP}}}I_{x}I_{\text{TF}}$$

The coefficients C~x_OOP~ are the product of the aforementioned
influence matrix coefficients and the structural coefficients, and are
hard coded into "rtc_init.f"

The data generated for the in-plane and out-of-plane moments is
available as an output which can be selected in the "o.d" file and
viewed after each pulse via "readrtc"..

Once the moments are known then peak pressure at the joint can be
calculated based on the linear pressure distribution model shown in
figures 8 and 9 .

![](media/image8.jpeg){width="5.1090277777777775in"
height="3.7979166666666666in"}

Figure 8

![](media/image9.jpeg){width="5.205555555555556in" height="3.91875in"}

Figure 9

The maximum pressure is compared each time step to an allowable value
which is entered in the "c.d" file.

[Force On Friction Interface Between Flag Box and Hub]{.underline}

A simplified model is used to estimate the friction shear load on the TF
flag box-to-hub interface as shown in figure 10.

![](media/image10.jpeg){width="6.822222222222222in"
height="2.984722222222222in"}

![](media/image11.jpeg){width="6.816666666666666in"
height="3.0791666666666666in"}

Figure 10

Prior analysis showed that the innermost stud location (F1) on the outer
layer flag box interface with the middle hub disk is the one most highly
stressed. For this case the PSRTC calculations for the out-of-plane
shear load are as follows...

$$K_{1} = R_{\text{bundle}} = 3\text{.}\text{848}$$

$$K_{2} = R_{3} - R_{1} = 6\text{.}\text{375}$$

$$K_{3} = \frac{(R_{1}(R_{3} - R_{1}) + R_{2}(R_{3} - R_{2}))(R_{3}\text{-2}R_{1} + R_{2}\frac{)}{(}2R_{3} - R_{1} - R_{2}) - (R_{3}(R_{3} - R_{1}) + R_{2}(R_{2} - R_{1}))}{(R_{1}(R_{3} - R_{1}) + R_{2}(R_{3} - R_{1}))}\text{=-}\text{38}\text{.}\text{781}$$

$$K_{4} = \frac{(\text{2R}_{3}\text{-R}_{1}\text{-R}_{2})(R_{3}\text{-2}R_{1} + R_{2}\frac{)}{(}2R_{3} - R_{1} - R_{2}) - (R_{3}(R_{3} - R_{1}) + R_{2}(R_{2} - R_{1}))}{(R_{1}(R_{3} - R_{1}) + R_{2}(R_{3} - R_{1}))}\text{=-}5\text{.}\text{180}$$

$$K_{5} = - (R_{3}\text{-2}R_{1} + R_{2})\text{=-}9\text{.}\text{000}$$

$$K_{6} = 2R_{3} - R_{1} - R_{2} = \text{10}\text{.}\text{125}$$

$$K_{7} = \frac{R_{2} - R_{1}}{R_{3} - R_{1}} = 0\text{.}\text{412}$$

$$F_{3} = \frac{(F_{\text{bundle}} \ast K_{1} + M_{\text{lateral}}) \ast K_{2}}{K_{3}} - \frac{(F_{\text{bundle}} + F_{\text{lateral}}) \ast K_{2}}{K_{4}}$$

$$F_{1} = \frac{\left( F_{3} \ast K_{5} - \left( F_{\text{bundle}} + F_{\text{lateral}} \right) \right) \ast K_{2}}{K_{6}}$$

$$F_{2} = \left( F_{1} - \left( F_{1} - F_{3} \right) \right) \ast K_{7}$$

$$F_{1_{\text{OOP}}} = \frac{F_{1}}{2} + \frac{\left( F_{1} + F_{2} + F \right)_{3}}{3}$$

...where F~bundle~, F~lateral~ ,and M~lateral~ are forces and moments
calculated via the influence matricies given in \[1\].

The in-plane shear load is based on the shear load calculated per square
ampere of TF current at 6kG...

$$K_{8} = 3\text{.}\text{002}E - 7$$

$$F_{1_{\text{IP}}} = K_{8} \ast I_{\text{TF}}^{2}$$

Finally the net load is the vector sum of the in-plane and out-of-plane
loads...

$$F_{1_{\text{NET}}} = \sqrt{F_{1_{\text{IP}}}^{2} + F_{1_{\text{OOP}}}^{2}}$$

The calculated force is compared to a limit value set in the "c.d" file.
The data generated for the force is available as an output which can be
selected in the "o.d" file and viewed after each pulse via "readrtc".

#   {#section-17 .unnumbered}

# 6.0 Simulation Mode

In order to test the PSRTC, a simulation package is included which
interfaces with the real time control code at the same points of input
and output as in normal operation (the inputs being the PSS branch
currents and the outputs being the a commands to the power supplies.

PPPL's LRSIM code is used.

Following features are included:

> • Transient solution of mutually coupled L/R circuits

-   at present, only the coils are included

-   a more extensive filament model of passive structure may be added in
    the future

> • 10 simulation time steps per control system time step
>
> • Simulation of latency of input data by utilization of simulation
> results obtained midway between control system time steps as inputs to
> control algorithm
>
> • Simulation of transient heating of coils and its effect on ohmic
> resistance
>
> • Simulation of delays and limits of power supplies; however
> individual thyristor commutations are not modeled
>
> Nominal mutual inductance matrix, and resistance vector, is given in
> Table 8.
>
> **Table 8: Mutual Inductances (mH)**
>
> **and Resistances (mΩ)**

  -------- -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------- ------- -------
           OH       1aU     1aL     1b      2U      2L      3U      3L      5        CHI     TF

  OH       13.000   3.511   3.511   0.374   0.276   0.276   0.295   0.295   0.527    0.000   0.000

  1aU      3.511    4.470   0.000   0.000   0.072   0.001   0.060   0.005   0.042    0.000   0.000

  1aL      3.511    0.000   4.470   0.090   0.001   0.072   0.005   0.060   0.042    0.000   0.000

  1b       0.374    0.000   0.090   0.536   0.002   0.186   0.007   0.101   0.054    0.000   0.000

  2U       0.276    0.072   0.001   0.002   1.980   0.010   0.731   0.041   0.346    0.000   0.000

  2L       0.276    0.001   0.072   0.186   0.010   1.980   0.041   0.731   0.346    0.000   0.000

  3U       0.295    0.060   0.005   0.007   0.731   0.041   5.180   0.166   1.490    0.000   0.000

  3L       0.295    0.005   0.060   0.101   0.041   0.731   0.166   5.180   1.490    0.000   0.000

  5        0.527    0.042   0.042   0.054   0.346   0.346   1.490   1.490   12.300   0.000   0.000

  CHI      0.000    0.000   0.000   0.000   0.000   0.000   0.000   0.000   0.000    0.080   0.000

  TF       0.000    0.000   0.000   0.000   0.000   0.000   0.000   0.000   0.000    0.000   4.180

  Resist   97.400   2.800   2.800   2.760   4.170   4.170   8.340   8.340   17.400   7.000   4.690
  -------- -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------- ------- -------

> Note: PF1A smoothing reactor inductances are included in the above.
>
> • External Circuit Resistances (ECR in c.d file), due to the cabling
> within the power supply building, and that from the power supply
> building, as measured by PTP-ECS-029, is listed in Table 9.

**Table 9: External Circuit Resistances**

  -------------------------------- --------------------------------------
  Circuit                          Resistance (mOhm)

  OH                               3.32

  1aU                              10.0

  1aL                              10.0

  1b                               5.86

  2U                               2.61

  2L                               2.35

  3U                               4.85

  3L                               4.84

  5                                2.82

  CHI                              3.76

  TF (2 parallels)                 1.21

  TF (4 parallels)                 1.02
  -------------------------------- --------------------------------------

# 

Note: PF1A smoothing reactor resistances are included in the above.

# 7.0 Implementation

> The PSRTC is written primarily in FORTRAN. Some hardware specific
> adjuncts required for real time execution are written in C. The
> FORTRAN part can run on any platform.

System consists of.....

> • Force host computer
>
> \- ethernet connectivity
>
> \- user interface
>
> • Skybolt II real time computer
>
> \- four parallel G4 processors on motherboard with Front Panel Data
> Port (FPDP)

• VME based acquisition system (DAS)

> \- two crates in NSTX Test Cell
>
> \- one crate in junction area
>
> \- Fiber Optic Interface Boards (FOIBS) connecting the crates

• Power Conversion (PC) Link driver

> \- interface to serial command link which distributes commands to
> power supplies

• The PSRTC occupies one of the four parallel processors; the other
three are available to the PRTC.

• The control system update rate is 1kHz (once per millisecond).

# 

# 

# 

# 

#  

# 

# 

# 

# 

# 

# 

# 

# 

# 

# 

# 

#  

# 

# 

# 

# 8.0 Input/Output

## 8.1 Inputs

PSRTC requires the following input files:

> c.d -- contains control data (Table 10)
>
> t.d -- contains timing data (Table 11)
>
> s.d -- contains simulation data (Table 12)
>
> o.d -- contains selection of variables to be stored in output file
> (maximum of 50 may be saved during any particular shot). For each
> variable listed, a "1" indicates save, a "0" indicates do not save
>
> cntmtx.d -- contains mutual inductance matrix and resistance vector
> (see Table 8 in prior section of this document)

####### 

####### **Table** **10: Input File c.d**

+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| **Na | *  | *  | * | ######## Description                            |
| me** | *i | *j | * |                                                 |
|      | ** | ** | k |                                                 |
|      |    |    | * |                                                 |
|      |    |    | * |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| N    |    |    |   | > Mode (0=norm, 1=test)                         |
| MODE |    |    |   |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| NSUB |    |    |   | > Submode (0=ops, 1=simulation)                 |
| MODE |    |    |   |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| N    | 1- |    |   | > Lockout (0=in, 1=out); locked out circuits    |
| LOCK | 12 |    |   | > not controlled, only suppress/bypass command  |
|      |    |    |   | > is given                                      |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| NPC  | 1- |    |   | > Plasma Control Enable (0=disabled,            |
|      | 12 |    |   | > 1=enabled); this controls whether or not a    |
|      |    |    |   | > circuit will accept voltage reference from    |
|      |    |    |   | > plasma control                                |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| GAIN | 1- | 1  | 1 | > Proportional Gain during a pulse, in ohms     |
|      | 12 | -2 |   | > (volts per amp error)                         |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| GAIN | 1- | 1  | 1 | > Integral Gain during a pulse, in farads       |
|      | 12 | -2 |   | > (volts per amp-sec error)                     |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| GAIN | 1- | 1  | 2 | > Prop Gain, Clamp                              |
|      | 12 | -2 |   |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| GAIN | 1- | 1  | 2 | > Int Gain, Clamp                               |
|      | 12 | -2 |   |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| N    | 1- | 1  |   | > Measurement #\'s (1 to 38) of two redundant   |
| MEAS | 19 | -2 |   | > branch current measurements)                  |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| NP   | 1- | 1  |   | > Measurement Polarity w.r.t Coil with bus      |
| MEAS | 19 | -2 |   | > links in normal position                      |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| NL   | 1- | 1  |   | > Measurement Location 1=SDS side (does not     |
| MEAS | 19 | -2 |   | > change polarity with link reversal), -1=PS    |
|      |    |    |   | > Side (changes polarity with link reversal)    |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| FS   | 1- | 1  |   | > Full Scale of Measurement in kA               |
| MEAS | 19 | -2 |   |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| NCB  | 1- | 1  |   | > Circuit \# of in which branch is located      |
|      | 19 | -2 |   |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| KPB  | 1- |    |   | > Branch Polarity & Multiplier, used in         |
|      | 19 |    |   | > simulation only; if KPB\>0, current can only  |
|      |    |    |   | > be positive in branch, if KPB\<0, current can |
|      |    |    |   | > only be negative in branch; current in branch |
|      |    |    |   | > = KPB\*ILOAD/NP                               |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| D    | 1- |    |   | > Allowable DCCT Discrepancy (difference        |
| IMAX | 19 |    |   | > between redundant measurements) in kA         |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| NP   | 1- |    |   | > Bus Link Polarity (1=normal, -1=reverse)      |
| LINK | 12 |    |   |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| NP   | 1- |    |   | > \# Parallel branches feeding circuit          |
|      | 12 |    |   |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| NS   | 1- |    |   | > \# Series power supply sections feeding       |
|      | 12 |    |   | > circuit                                       |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| ICLP | 1- |    |   | > (+) Current Clamp Level in kA                 |
|      | 12 |    |   |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| ICLN | 1- |    |   | > (-) Current Clamp Level in kA                 |
|      | 12 |    |   |                                                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| VAC  |    |    |   | > AC Source Voltage (13.8kV Level) in kV        |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| FAC  |    |    |   | > AC Source Frequency in Hz                     |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+
| G    | 1- |    |   | > Margin angle gamma (max alpha = 180 - gamma - |
| AMMA | 12 |    |   | > commutation angle) in degrees                 |
+------+----+----+---+-------------------------------------------------+

**Table 9: Input File c.d (con't)**

+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| **     | * | * | * | **Description**                               |
| Name** | * | * | * |                                               |
|        | i | j | k |                                               |
|        | * | * | * |                                               |
|        | * | * | * |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| LC     | 1 |   |   | > Commutating Inductance (nominal value = 22  |
|        | - |   |   | > microhenries) in microhenries               |
|        | 1 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| V      | 1 |   |   | > Maximum dVpu/radian for rate limiting;      |
| DOTMAX | - |   |   | > normal sine wave as maximum of 0.637 per    |
|        | 1 |   |   | > unit per radian                             |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| NAP    | 1 |   |   | > Antiparallel Enable (0=disable, 1=enable)   |
|        | - |   |   |                                               |
|        | 1 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| NA     | 1 |   |   | > Antiparallel Initial State Block (0=no      |
| PBLOCK | - |   |   | > block, 1=block antiparallel until first     |
|        | 1 |   |   | > zero crossing)                              |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| I      | 1 |   |   | > Antiparallel Current Magnitude Threshold in |
| THRESH | - |   |   | > kA                                          |
|        | 1 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| IBOC   | 1 | 1 |   | > Branch Overcurrent Standby State in kA      |
|        | - | - |   |                                               |
|        | 1 | 2 |   |                                               |
|        | 9 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| IBOC   | 1 | 1 |   | > Branch Overcurrent Pulse State in kA        |
|        | - | - |   |                                               |
|        | 1 | 2 |   |                                               |
|        | 9 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| ILOC   | 1 |   |   | > Load Overcurrent Pulse State in kA          |
|        | - |   |   |                                               |
|        | 1 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| I2TMAX | 1 |   |   | > I2T Limit in kA\^2-sec                      |
|        | - |   |   |                                               |
|        | 1 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| NPSUM  | 1 | 1 |   | > Circuit \# of ILOAD in to DC Pole           |
|        | - | - |   |                                               |
|        | 2 | 2 |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| NPSUM  | 1 | 1 |   | > Circuit \# of ILOAD out of DC Pole          |
|        | - | - |   |                                               |
|        | 2 | 2 |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| R      | 1 |   |   | > Pole 20C Electrical Resistance in           |
| 20POLE | - |   |   | > mircoohm/inch                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| TRPOLE | 1 |   |   | > Pole Thermal Resistance in degC-inch/watt   |
|        | - |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| TCPOLE | 1 |   |   | > Pole Thermal Capacitance in Joule/degC-in   |
|        | - |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| NPPOLE | 1 |   |   | > Polarity Constraint on Pole (0=no           |
|        | - |   |   | > constraint, 1=(+) only, -1=(-) only)        |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| T0POLE |   |   |   | > Ambient Temperature for Cables in degC      |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| TMPOLE |   |   |   | > Allowable Temperature for Cables in deg C   |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| A      |   |   |   | > Allowable Ioh\*Ipf1b in kA\^2               |
| LAUNCH |   |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| ITFMIN |   |   |   | > Minimum \|Itf\| for CHI in kA               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| ICHI0  |   |   |   | > Minimum \|Ichi\| for ITFMIN check in kA     |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| SCD    | 1 |   |   | > Shutdown Current Derivative, takes effect   |
|        | - |   |   | > after plasma control drops out (NPCON=0) in |
|        | 1 |   |   | > kA/mS                                       |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| TCCOIL | 1 |   |   | > Coil Thermal Capacity in kJoule/degC        |
|        | - |   |   |                                               |
|        | 1 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| COEFF  |   |   |   | > Copper Thermal Coefficient of Resistance,   |
|        |   |   |   | > nominally 0.0041                            |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| T0COIL | 1 |   |   | > Coil Water Inlet Temperature, nominally 10  |
|        | - |   |   | > deg C                                       |
|        | 1 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| FINV   |   |   |   | > Max invert voltage fraction, nominally      |
|        |   |   |   | > -0.666                                      |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| ECR    | 1 |   |   | > External Circuit Resistance, exc\'l CLR, in |
|        | - |   |   | > mOhm                                        |
|        | 1 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| ECL    | 1 |   |   | > External Circuit Inductance, exc\'l CLR, in |
|        | - |   |   | > microhenry                                  |
|        | 1 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+
| RPSS   | 1 |   |   | > Power Supply Section Equiv Resistance,      |
|        | - |   |   | > nominally 16 mOhm                           |
|        | 1 |   |   |                                               |
|        | 2 |   |   |                                               |
+--------+---+---+---+-----------------------------------------------+

**Table 10: Input File t.d**

+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| *       | **C  | > **Description**                                   |
| *Name** | ircu |                                                     |
|         | it** |                                                     |
+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| TSOP    |      | > Time of SOP clock event, relative to t0           |
+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| T       |      | > Time to start plasma control, relative to t0      |
| PCSTART |      |                                                     |
+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| TPCEND  |      | > Time to end plasma control, relative to t0        |
+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| TIRESET | 1-12 | > No Longer Used                                    |
+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| NBPOINT | 1-12 | > Number of breakpoints to follow for each circuit  |
+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| BPOINT  |      | > Time (relative to t0), data (kA or kV), and mode  |
|         |      | > (0=current control, 1=voltage control)            |
+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------+

**Table 11: Input File s.d**

+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| **Name**  | > **Description**                                        |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| NCHIDSO   | > Simulate bit which =1 if CHI SDS open, =0 if closed    |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| NHCSTF    | > Simulate status of TF HCS, 0 = no fault, 1 = fault     |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| NHCSOH    | > Simulate status of OH HCS, 0 = no fault, 1 = fault     |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| NHCSPFCHI | > Simulate status of PFCHI HCS, 0 = no fault, 1 = fault  |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| FMG       | > Simulate status of MG frequency, in Hz                 |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| VMG       | > Simulate status of MG voltage, in volts                |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| NPCREADY  | > Simulate status of ready flag from plasma control, 0 = |
|           | > not ready, 1 = ready                                   |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| NOUTDT    | > No longer used                                         |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------+

  ----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
                                      

                                      

                                      
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  ---------- --------- ------------- ------------ ----------- -------------
                                                              

                                                              

                                                              

                                                              

                                                              

                                                              

                                                              

                                                              

                                                              

                                                              

                                                              

                                                              

                                                              
  ---------- --------- ------------- ------------ ----------- -------------

## 8.2 Outputs

PSRTC produces an output file called o\_\*.d, where \* may be...

-   a numeric sequence

-   date and time

-   shot number

o\_\*.d contains the data collected for the variables identified in o.d
(up to 50), for each millisecond, followed by a list of alarms and
faults which may have occurred, followed by a list of the names of the
collected data

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