Substance Abuse and Mental Health\
in Texas, 2001

Laurel L. Hourani

Carol L. Council

Weihua Shi

Acknowledgments

This report was prepared by the Office of Applied Studies (OAS),
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), and
by RTI International (a trade name of Research Triangle Institute),
under Contract No. 283-99-9018. At SAMHSA, Charlene Lewis and Albert
Woodward led the work on this report, and Cathie Alderks provided review
comments. At RTI, Laurel L. Hourani was the task leader for its
production and coauthored the report with Carol L. Council and Weihua
Shi. Ms. Shi was the statistician for the report, and Michael Penne was
its statistical reviewer. Mary Ellen Marsden and Michael R. Pemberton
provided review comments. The report was edited by Richard S. Straw.
Joyce Clay-Brooks word processed the report, Diane G. Caudill prepared
its graphic, and K. Scott Chestnut assisted with the editing. Pamela
Couch Prevatt, Teresa F. Gurley, and Kim Cone prepared its Web version.
Final report production was provided by Beatrice Rouse, Coleen
Sanderson, and Jane Feldmann at SAMHSA.

Public Domain Notice

All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be
reproduced or copied without permission from SAMHSA. However, this
publication may *not* be reproduced or distributed for a fee without
specific, written authorization of the Office of Communications, SAMHSA,
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Citation of the source is
appreciated. Suggested citation:

Hourani, L. L., Council, C. L., & Shi, W. (2005). *Substance abuse and
mental health in Texas, 2001*. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental
Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies.

**Copies of the Publication**

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Electronic Access to Publication

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May 2005

Substance Abuse and Mental Health\
in Texas, 2001

Introduction

This is one of several reports examining variations in adult substance
use and mental health within the eight most populous States in the
United States: California, Florida, Illinois, Michigan, New York, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, and Texas. Findings from the 2001 National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA), now called the National Survey on Drug Use
and Health (NSDUH), are presented for the use of illicit drugs, alcohol,
and tobacco; substance abuse and dependence; need and unmet need for
substance abuse treatment; serious mental illness (SMI); and mental
health services utilization among adults aged 18 or older. Unlike
previous model-based population estimates,^1^ these reports provide
direct survey estimates and a wider range of population characteristics
that can be used by the States to address policy concerns.

Substance Abuse Treatment System in Texas

Geographically, Texas is the second largest State in the Nation after
Alaska. Created in 1985, the Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse
(TCADA) is the State\'s substance abuse authority responsible for
ensuring Texans have access to effective and efficient substance abuse
services. TCADA provides funding for prevention, intervention, and
treatment services through contracts with about 200 community
organizations that serve the prevention and treatment needs of more than
750,000 Texans each year. TCADA\'s operating budget for both prevention
and treatment services for fiscal year (FY) 2002 was approximately
\$175.7 million, with about 85 percent of that funding from the Federal
Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment (SAPT) block grant. The
remaining 15 percent consisted of State general revenue and some
additional funding from interagency contracts and fees.^2^

According to the National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse
Directors (NASADAD) report for FY 1999, Texas reported a total
expenditure of \$210.3 million for State-supported alcohol and other
drug services.^3^ Of this, \$161.2 million was spent on treatment
services and \$28.3 million was spent on primary prevention.^4^ During
1999, 192 (27 percent) of the alcohol and/or other drug treatment units
in Texas received funds administered by TCADA.^5^ The number of
State-supported alcohol and other drug treatment admissions for FY 1999
in Texas was 14,601 for alcohol and 30,187 for other drugs.^6^

Mental Health Service System in Texas

In 1965, the Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation
(TDMHMR) was created as the mental health authority of the State.^7^
Total revenue for county mental health programs in the 2002-2003
biennium was estimated at \$2.4 billion. An estimated 178,793 clients
were served by campus- and community-based mental health services in FY
2002. According to the National Association of State Mental Health
Program Directors, Texas ranked 43^rd^ among the States (including the
District of Columbia) in per resident expenditures for mental health
services in FY 1997.^7^

This report presents NHSDA findings that describe the prevalence of
substance use and serious mental disorders and treatment receipt from a
representative sample of Texas residents that include public and private
clients, as well as nonclients or nonservice users.

Methodology

*Sample and Procedures*

The NHSDA utilizes a national probability sample designed to provide
national and State-level estimates on the use of illicit drugs, alcohol,
and tobacco by the U.S. civilian, noninstitutionalized population aged
12 or older. The 2001 NHSDA sample employed a 50-State design with an
independent multistage area probability sample for each of the 50 States
and the District of Columbia. Approximately 3,000 persons were surveyed
in each of the eight most populous States. For each of the remaining
States, approximately 900 interviews were conducted. The design also
oversampled youths aged 12 to 17 and young adults aged 18 to 25, so that
the sample for the Nation and each State was equally distributed among
three major age groups: youths aged 12 to 17 years, young adults aged 18
to 25 years, and adults aged 26 years or older.

Since 1999, the NHSDA has been carried out using computer-assisted
interviewing (CAI) methods with a combination of computer-assisted
personal interviewing (CAPI) conducted by the interviewer and audio
computer-assisted self-interviewing (ACASI) guided by the computer and
respondent. ACASI is a private self-interviewing technology that has
been shown to increase response rates to questions regarding sensitive
behavior.^8^ All sensitive questions in the NHSDA, such as those on
substance use and mental health, were administered using ACASI. During
2001, the survey obtained data from 45,751 adult respondents aged 18 or
older interviewed anonymously in their homes. The weighted interview
response rate for adults aged 18 or older was 73.3 percent. This study
uses data for Texas residents aged 18 or older from the 2001 NHSDA.^9^
In the 2001 NHSDA, 2,528 Texas residents aged 18 years or older were
surveyed, with an overall weighted interview response rate of 72.9
percent.

*Measures*

Substance use measures included measures of tobacco use, illicit drug
use, and alcohol use. Measures of tobacco use included being a current
(within the past month) cigarette smoker, current pipe or cigar smoker,
and current smokeless tobacco user (snuff or chew). Types of illicit
drug use included marijuana/hashish, cocaine/crack, nonmedical use of
prescription-type medications, and other drugs (heroin, inhalants, and
hallucinogens). Measures of alcohol use included binge alcohol use and
heavy alcohol use. Binge alcohol use, also referred to as binge drinking
in this report, was defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same
occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Heavy alcohol use was
defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e.,
within a few hours) on 5 or more days in the past 30 days. All heavy
alcohol users were binge drinkers by definition. Past year alcohol and
illicit drug dependence or abuse were measured using DSM-IV
criteria.^10^ A person was defined with substance dependence if he or
she had symptoms, such as increased tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and
unsuccessful attempts at controlling his or her substance use in the
past year. A person was defined with substance abuse if he or she was
not dependent but had symptoms, such as recurrent use resulting in
failure at work or at home, a recurrent substance-related legal problem,
or continued use despite persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal
problems in the past year. Serious mental illness (SMI) was defined as
having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that met
the criteria in DSM-IV and that resulted in functional impairment and
substantially interfered with or limited one or more major life
activities at some time during the past year.^11^

An adult who received substance abuse treatment was defined as a person
aged 18 or older who received treatment or counseling designed to help
reduce or stop his or her use of alcohol or any drug, not including
cigarettes, in the past 12 months, including detoxification and any
other treatment for medical problems associated with his or her alcohol
or drug use. Mental health treatment referred to receipt of either
specialty or nonspecialty treatment or counseling for problems (other
than for alcohol or drug use) with emotions, nerves, or mental health in
an inpatient setting, outpatient setting, or use of prescription
medication to treat a mental or emotional condition in the past 12
months. Treatment receipt for SMI was defined as receipt of any mental
health treatment for an individual with SMI. Persons who perceived an
unmet need for treatment were defined as respondents who did not receive
treatment but who believed they needed treatment. Persons who needed but
did not receive substance abuse treatment were defined as respondents
classified as alcohol or drug dependent or abusers who did not receive
treatment for an alcohol or illicit drug problem.

Persons who were classified as perceiving a need for alcohol treatment
or for drug treatment but not receiving it were those who reported
feeling a need for treatment or counseling for their use of alcohol or
for their use of one or more drugs in the past 12 months who did not
receive treatment. Unmet need for treatment for mental health problems
was defined as a perceived need for treatment for mental health problems
that was not received in the past 12 months. This measure also includes
persons who received some treatment for mental health problems in the
past 12 months but also reported that they perceived a need for
treatment that they did not receive. Unmet need among those who received
treatment for mental health problems may be interpreted as delayed or
insufficient treatment in the past 12 months. Unless otherwise
indicated, treatment percentages, usually in parentheses, are given for
adults aged 18 or older in the total Texas population.

Sociodemographic characteristics included in these analyses were age,
gender, race/ethnicity, completed education, marital status, family
income, receipt of government assistance, health insurance coverage, and
residence in one of the three largest metropolitan statistical areas
(MSAs) or elsewhere in the State. These characteristics are defined in a
previous publication.^9^

*Statistical Analysis*

All analyses for this study were conducted on data from adult
respondents aged 18 or older in Texas. All estimates were weighted, and
standard errors were calculated using SUDAAN,^12^ a software program
that uses Taylor series linearization to adjust for the complex sample
design. With the exception of tobacco and alcohol measures that are
based on past month use, the time frame for the measures used in this
analysis is the past year.

Results

*Tobacco Use*

Tables 1 and 2 present the estimated numbers and percentages of adults
who used cigarettes, pipes or cigars, or smokeless tobacco in the State
of Texas during 2001. Nearly 3.8 million people (26.0 percent) smoked
cigarettes in the past month, almost 1 million people (6.0 percent) were
current pipe or cigar smokers, and 538,000 (3.7 percent) were current
users of smokeless tobacco products. The highest rates of current
cigarette use were among subgroups of the population, including those
who were 18 to 25 years of age, males, those who were not college
graduates, unmarried persons, and those with no health insurance
coverage. The rates of current pipe or cigar smokers were higher among
those aged 18 to 25, non-Hispanic blacks, those who had never married,
and those living outside the Houston MSA compared with other
sociodemographic categories. Rates of smokeless tobacco use, on the
other hand, were higher among those who were white, had family incomes
between \$50,000 and \$74,999, those who had not received government
assistance, and those living outside the Houston and Dallas MSAs.

*Alcohol Use*

Tables 3 and 4 show that almost 7 million adults (48.3 percent) had used
alcohol in the past month, 3.5 million adults (24.4 percent) were binge
drinkers, and 1.0 million (7.2 percent) were heavy alcohol users. An
estimated 584,000 (4.0 percent) of the population had abused alcohol,
and 319,000 (2.2 percent) met criteria for alcohol dependence. Among all
sociodemographic groups, 18 to 25 year olds, males, and those who had
never been married had the highest prevalence rates of binge alcohol
use, heavy alcohol use, alcohol abuse, and alcohol dependence. Blacks
had a significantly lower percentage of alcohol *abuse* than whites or
Hispanics, and Hispanics had a significantly higher proportion of
alcohol *dependence* than whites or blacks. The prevalence rate of past
month alcohol use was highest (more than 60 percent) for college
graduates and for those with family incomes of \$75,000 or more, and
lowest (29 percent) among recipients of Medicaid or the Children\'s
Health Insurance Program (CHIP).

*Illicit Drug Use*

Tables 5 and 6 show that 1.6 million adult Texans (11.1 percent)
reported using illicit drugs in the past year. Marijuana and hashish
were the most commonly used drugs---reported by 1.1 million people (7.3
percent)---followed by the nonmedical use of prescription drugs, which
was reported by 671,000 people (4.6 percent). About 2 percent of the
population reported using cocaine, and 2 percent used other types of
drugs (including heroin, hallucinogens, and inhalants) in the past year.
An estimated 162,000 Texans met criteria for drug dependence, and 93,000
were classified as drug abusers. The highest past year prevalence rates
of specific drugs, as well as overall illicit drug use and drug
dependence, were seen among those aged 18 to 25 (27.6 percent) and
adults who had never been married (27.0 percent). An estimated 3.7
percent of the population in the 18 to 25 year age group and 4.1 percent
of those who had never been married met the criteria for drug
dependence; rates were lower among other sociodemographic groups.
Compared with those having health insurance, those with no coverage had
significantly higher rates of past year drug use across almost all types
of drugs. Compared with non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics had significantly
higher rates of drug abuse but lower rates of drug dependence.

*Alcohol or Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse, Perceived Treatment Need,
and Receipt of Substance Abuse Treatment*

As shown in Tables 7 and 8, more than 1 million adult Texans (7.0
percent) were dependent on or abused alcohol or illicit drugs in the
past year. Only 132,000 Texans (0.9 percent) received treatment for an
alcohol or illicit drug problem in the past year, and only 40,000 (0.3
percent) who did not receive treatment perceived a need for treatment.
Adults aged 18 to 25 and those who had never been married had the
highest rates of alcohol or illicit drug dependence or abuse, receipt of
treatment for an alcohol or drug problem, and need for but not receipt
of treatment. Women, individuals who had ever been married, and those
with less than a high school education were the least likely of all
sociodemographic groups to receive treatment.

*Serious Mental Illness and Mental Health Treatment*

Tables 9 and 10 present the estimated numbers and percentages of adults
with SMI and of those who had received mental health treatment in Texas.
An estimated 977,000 residents (6.7 percent) met criteria for SMI in the
past year. Among sociodemographic groups, prevalence rates of SMI were
highest among adults aged 18 to 25 (11.2 percent); those who had never
been married (12.6 percent); those with family incomes less than
\$20,000 (10.9 percent); government assistance recipients (12.5
percent); those having Medicaid/CHIP insurance coverage (14.6 percent);
and those without health insurance (10.9 percent).

Of the estimated 1.3 million adult residents (8.8 percent) who had
received some type of mental health treatment in the past year, 931,000
(6.4 percent of the adult Texas population) received prescription
medications for their mental health problems. Nearly 650,000 residents
(4.5 percent) perceived an unmet need for mental health treatment. Those
who had received Medicaid/CHIP had the highest rate of both treatment
and prescription receipt (19.3 and 16.8 percent, respectively). While
those who had received government assistance had high rates of treatment
receipt (12.5 percent) relative to many other sociodemographic groups,
they were also more likely to perceive an unmet need for treatment (7.5
percent).

*Co-Occurring Serious Mental Illness and Substance Abuse/Dependence*

As shown in Tables 11 and 12, an estimated 210,000 adult Texas residents
(1.4 percent) met criteria for both SMI and substance abuse/dependence
(i.e., co-occurring SMI and substance abuse/dependence) in the past
year. Among all sociodemographic groups, the highest rates of
co-occurring disorders were among 18 to 25 year olds, those who had
never been married, those who were not college graduates, and those with
Medicaid/CHIP or no health insurance coverage.

Tables 11 and 12 also show the prevalence of treatment receipt for
substance abuse only, SMI only, and for both substance abuse and SMI in
the total population. An estimated 0.3 percent of the adult Texan
population received both substance abuse and SMI treatment; 0.6 percent
received treatment for alcohol or drugs only; and 2.9 percent received
treatment for SMI only. Among all sociodemographic groups, those in the
18 to 25 age group, non-Hispanic blacks, and those who had never been
married had the highest rates of receipt of substance use treatment
alone (1.7, 1.4, and 1.5 percent, respectively). In contrast, those with
the highest rates of receipt of SMI treatment only were Medicaid/CHIP
(9.8 percent) and government assistance recipients (7.1 percent). The
highest rates of receipt of both treatment of SMI and substance use were
among those with family incomes between \$50,000 and \$74,999 (0.8
percent) and those with no health insurance coverage (0.7 percent).

*Overall Serious Mental Illness or Substance Abuse/Dependence*

Overall, an estimated 1.8 million adult Texas residents (12.3 percent)
experienced either SMI or alcohol or illicit drug abuse/dependence
within the past year (Tables 13 and 14), yet less than one third of
these (3.8 percent of the total population) received any mental health
or substance abuse treatment. An estimated 24.6 percent of 18 to 25 year
olds and 25.0 percent of those who had never been married had either SMI
or alcohol or drug dependence or abuse. Those most likely to receive any
treatment for SMI or substance use were Medicaid/CHIP (10.3 percent) and
government assistance (8.8 percent) recipients. Hispanics were
significantly less likely than either whites or blacks to receive any
SMI or substance use treatment (1.9 vs. 4.5 and 5.9 percent,
respectively). The highest prevalence rates of unmet treatment need were
for government assistance recipients (6.0 percent), those with family
incomes less than \$20,000 (5.3 percent), and those living in the Fort
Worth-Arlington MSA (5.3 percent).

Table 15 shows the percent distributions of selected characteristics of
those with and without SMI or substance abuse/dependence. The first
column indicates significant differences in the demographic
distributions between those with and without SMI or alcohol or drug
dependence or abuse. Residents with SMI or substance abuse/dependence
were significantly younger than residents without SMI or substance
abuse/dependence. They also were significantly more likely to be male,
never married, have family incomes of less than \$20,000, receive
government assistance, and have no health insurance coverage.

Texas and the Nation as a Whole

This report provides population survey-based estimates of the prevalence
and treatment of substance use, abuse, and SMI among adults in the State
of Texas. Relative to adults aged 18 or older in the Nation as a
whole,^9^ Texans had very similar prevalence and treatment rates for
both substance use and SMI (see Figure 1).

This report has identified several findings that may be important for
State decisionmakers. Sociodemographic groups with the highest
prevalence rates of substance use and abuse in Texas may be targeted for
further intervention. Programmatic resource allocation may include
single persons, young adults, and those with no health insurance
coverage. Indeed, given the overlap between these classifications, these
characteristics may refer to the same group of high-risk individuals.
Receipt of government assistance may facilitate entry into substance
abuse treatment in this high-risk population. Sociodemographic groups
with the highest rates of and treatment for SMI were similar to those
with substance use and abuse. Overall, the Houston MSA had higher rates
of alcohol dependence and drug abuse compared with the rest of Texas,
and the Fort Worth-Arlington MSA had comparatively lower rates of SMI.
Further investigation of county or MSA differences should control for
differences in their demographic distributions.

Figure 1. Substance Use, Substance Abuse and Dependence, and Serious
Mental Illness ![](media/image1.wmf){width="6.0in"
height="4.003472222222222in"}among Adults in Texas and the United
States: 2001

> Source: SAMSHA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey
> on Drug Abuse, 2001.

Notes and References

1.  Wright, D. (2003, July). *State estimates of substance use from the
    2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Volume II. Individual
    state tables and technical appendices.* (Report No. DHHS Publication
    No. SMA 03-3826, NHSDA Series H-20). Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse
    and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied
    Studies. \[Available at
    http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/states.htm#Prevalence\]

2.  Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse. (2003, May). *2002
    annual report.* Retrieved June 16, 2004, from
    http://www.tcada.state.tx.us and
    http://www.tcada.state.tx.us/policy_info/AnnualReport.pdf

3.  National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors.
    (2001, June 29). *Table 1: Expenditures reported for state supported
    alcohol and other drug services by state and funding source for
    fiscal year 1999* Retrieved June 15, 2004, from
    http://www.nasadad.org/Departments/Research/SADAP98&99/sadap99/99tble1.htm

4.  National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors.
    (2001, June 29). *Table 2: Federal, State, and other expenditures
    (see Table 1) reported for State-supported alcohol and other drug
    services by State and by type of program activity for fiscal year
    1999* Retrieved June 16, 2004, from
    http://www.nasadad.org/Departments/Research/SADAP98&99/sadap99/99tble2.htm

5.  National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors.
    (2001, June 29). *Table 7: Estimate of percent of alcohol and/or
    other drug treatment units in each State that received any funds
    administered by the State alcohol/drug agency for fiscal year 1999*
    Retrieved June 16, 2004, from
    http://www.nasadad.org/Departments/Research/SADAP98&99/sadap99/99tble7.htm

6.  National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors.
    (2001, June 29). *Table 8: Number of alcohol and other drug client
    treatment admissions for fiscal year 1999* Retrieved June 15, 2004,
    from
    http://www.nasadad.org/Departments/Research/SADAP98&99/sadap99/99tble8.htm

7.  Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation.
    *Frequently asked questions*. Retrieved June 15, 2004, from
    http://www.mhmr.state.tx.us/FrequentlyAskedQuestions/FrequentlyAskedQuestions.html
    \[no longer an active link\]. On September 1, 2004, TDMHMR ceased
    operations (see http://consolidation.mhmr.state.tx.us/).

8.  Tourangeau, R., & Smith, T. W. (1996). Asking sensitive questions:
    The impact of data collection mode, question format, and question
    context. *Public Opinion Quarterly, 60,* 275-304.

9\. The 2001 NHSDA data are in the following publication: Office of
Applied Studies. (2002). *Results from the 2001 National Household
Survey on Drug Abuse: Volume II. Technical appendices and selected data
tables* (DHHS Publication No. SMA 02-3759, NHSDA Series H-18).
Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration, Office of Applied Studies \[available at
http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/p0000016.htm#standard\]. The definition for
metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is from Appendix II, Table E,
\"Metropolitan Areas Outside of New England and Their Components as of
June 30, 1999,\" in the U.S. Bureau of the Census\' *Statistical
Abstract of the United States: 2000* (available at
http://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/statab/app2.pdf).

10. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). *Diagnostic and
    statistical manual of mental disorders* (DSM-IV, 4^th^ ed.).
    Washington, DC: Author.

11\. The 2001 NHSDA CAI included a series of questions (the K6 scale)
designed to assess SMI. The development of the K6 scale was based on a
methodological study designed to evaluate several screening scales for
measuring SMI in the NHSDA. A description of this methodological study
is given elsewhere (see Section B.5, pp. 14-15, of the report referenced
in note 9). The K6 scale consisted of six questions asking respondents
how frequently they experienced symptoms of psychological distress
during the 1 month in the past year when they were at their worst
emotionally. The variable SMI_SUM is a score from 0 to 24 indicating the
level of SMI. For all respondents, this score was calculated by coding
from 0 to 4 the reported response category for each of six variables,
then summing these assigned values to yield a score between 0 and 24.
This involved transforming the reported response category for each of
the six questions so that \"all of the time\" was coded 4, \"most of the
time\" was coded 3, \"some of the time\" was coded 2, \"a little of the
time\" was coded 1, and \"none of the time,\" \"don\'t know,\"
\"refused,\" \"bad data,\" \"blank,\" and \"legitimate skips\" were
coded 0. The SMI score was calculated by summing these assigned values
across all six variables. Adults were classified as having a serious
mental illness (SMI=1) if their SMI score was 13 or greater (SMI_SUM \>=
13), and they were classified as not having a serious mental illness
(SMI=0) if their SMI score was less than 13 (SMI_SUM\<13).

12\. Research Triangle Institute. (2001). *SUDAAN user\'s manual:
Release 8.0*. Research Triangle Park, NC: Author.

Table 1 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) and Standard Errors of Past
Month Tobacco Use among Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas, by
Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| **So           | **Cu  |        | **C    |       | **C    |       |
| ciodemographic | rrent |        | urrent |       | urrent |       |
| Cha            | Ciga  |        | Pipe   |       | Smo    |       |
| racteristics** | rette |        | or     |       | keless |       |
|                | Smo   |        | Cigar  |       | T      |       |
|                | ker** |        | Sm     |       | obacco |       |
|                |       |        | oker** |       | User** |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
|                | *     | **St   | **Est  | **Sta | **Est  | **Sta |
|                | *Esti | andard | imated | ndard | imated | ndard |
|                | mated | E      | Nu     | Er    | Nu     | Er    |
|                | Num   | rror** | mber** | ror** | mber** | ror** |
|                | ber** |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| Total          | 3,765 | 168    | 868    | 102   | 538    | 62    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| Age Group      |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > 18-25        | 886   | 35     | 235    | 23    | 128    | 19    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > 26-49        | 2,034 | 121    | 440    | 64    | 308    | 53    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > 50 or Older  | 845   | 125    | 194    | 69    | 101    | 31    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| Gender         |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Male         | 2,139 | 122    | 754    | 97    | 536    | 59    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Female       | 1,626 | 123    | 114    | 30    | 2      | 2     |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| Race/Ethnicity |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Non-Hispanic | 2,283 | 152    | 562    | 80    | 481    | 57    |
| > White        |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Non-Hispanic | 456   | 55     | 167    | 48    | 18     | 9     |
| > Black        |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Hispanic     | 925   | 72     | 139    | 29    | 39     | 14    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Other        | \*    | \*     | \*     | \*    | \*     | \*    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| Education      |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Less Than    | 1,230 | 85     | 188    | 51    | 136    | 33    |
| > High School  |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > High School  | 1,069 | 75     | 248    | 52    | 130    | 30    |
| > Graduate     |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Some College | 996   | 97     | 231    | 44    | 172    | 40    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > College      | 471   | 70     | 201    | 38    | 99     | 35    |
| > Graduate     |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| Marital Status |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Married      | 1,802 | 135    | 445    | 79    | 321    | 51    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Widowed or   | 866   | 89     | 146    | 47    | 78     | 34    |
| > Divorced or  |       |        |        |       |        |       |
| > Separated    |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Never        | 1,098 | 56     | 277    | 33    | 139    | 24    |
| > Married      |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| Family Income  |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Less Than    | 1,024 | 91     | 215    | 45    | 96     | 25    |
| > \$20,000     |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > \$2          | 1,774 | 119    | 348    | 61    | 197    | 44    |
| 0,000-\$49,999 |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > \$5          | 482   | 62     | 109    | 29    | 138    | 28    |
| 0,000-\$74,999 |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > \$75,000 or  | 486   | 61     | 195    | 39    | 107    | 33    |
| > More         |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| Government     |       |        |        |       |        |       |
| Assistance^1^  |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Yes          | 527   | 64     | 95     | 26    | 37     | 18    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > No           | 3,238 | 157    | 773    | 97    | 500    | 65    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| Health         |       |        |        |       |        |       |
| Insurance      |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Me           | 261   | 52     | 51     | 22    | 40     | 14    |
| dicaid/CHIP^2^ |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Private      | 2,078 | 133    | 621    | 79    | 424    | 67    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Other        | 460   | 72     | 108    | 40    | 64     | 30    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > No Coverage  | 1,222 | 82     | 159    | 33    | 57     | 19    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| MSAs^3^        |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Houston      | 727   | 52     | 78     | 27    | 52     | 27    |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Dallas       | 754   | 102    | 196    | 57    | 24     | 7     |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Fort         | 342   | 64     | 95     | 40    | 73     | 27    |
| > W            |       |        |        |       |        |       |
| orth-Arlington |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+
| > Remainder of | 1,942 | 105    | 499    | 66    | 389    | 49    |
| > Texas        |       |        |        |       |        |       |
+----------------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+-------+

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

> Note: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
> analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually
> exclusive. \"Current\" refers to use in past month.

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 2 Percentages and Standard Errors of Past Month Tobacco Use among
Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas, by Sociodemographic Characteristics,
2001 NHSDA

+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| **Soci       | **Cu  |        | **C    |         | **Cu  |         |
| odemographic | rrent |        | urrent |         | rrent |         |
| Chara        | Ciga  |        | Pipe   |         | Smok  |         |
| cteristics** | rette |        | or     |         | eless |         |
|              | Smo   |        | Cigar  |         | To    |         |
|              | ker** |        | Sm     |         | bacco |         |
|              |       |        | oker** |         | U     |         |
|              |       |        |        |         | ser** |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
|              | *     | **St   | **Per  | **S     | *     | **S     |
|              | *Perc | andard | cent** | tandard | *Perc | tandard |
|              | ent** | E      |        | Error** | ent** | Error** |
|              |       | rror** |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| Total        | 26.0  | 1.16   | 6.0    | 0.71    | 3.7   | 0.43    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| Age Group    |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > 18-25      | 36.8  | 1.47   | 9.7    | 0.94    | 5.3   | 0.80    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > 26-49      | 28.7  | 1.71   | 6.2    | 0.90    | 4.3   | 0.75    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > 50 or      | 17.0  | 2.51   | 3.9    | 1.38    | 2.0   | 0.63    |
| > Older      |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| Gender       |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Male       | 30.8  | 1.75   | 10.8   | 1.40    | 7.7   | 0.85    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Female     | 21.6  | 1.64   | 1.5    | 0.40    | 0.0   | 0.03    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| Ra           |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| ce/Ethnicity |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| >            | 27.2  | 1.80   | 6.7    | 0.95    | 5.7   | 0.68    |
| Non-Hispanic |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| > White      |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| >            | 27.8  | 3.33   | 10.2   | 2.95    | 1.1   | 0.57    |
| Non-Hispanic |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| > Black      |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Hispanic   | 23.1  | 1.79   | 3.5    | 0.73    | 1.0   | 0.35    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Other      | \*    | \*     | \*     | \*      | \*    | \*      |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| Education    |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Less Than  | 33.3  | 2.30   | 5.1    | 1.39    | 3.7   | 0.89    |
| > High       |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| > School     |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > High       | 27.8  | 1.94   | 6.5    | 1.34    | 3.4   | 0.77    |
| > School     |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| > Graduate   |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Some       | 29.3  | 2.85   | 6.8    | 1.28    | 5.1   | 1.16    |
| > College    |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > College    | 13.3  | 1.99   | 5.7    | 1.06    | 2.8   | 0.99    |
| > Graduate   |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| Marital      |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| Status       |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Married    | 20.5  | 1.54   | 5.1    | 0.90    | 3.7   | 0.58    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Widowed or | 31.5  | 3.22   | 5.3    | 1.72    | 2.8   | 1.23    |
| > Divorced   |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| > or         |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| > Separated  |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Never      | 37.2  | 1.89   | 9.4    | 1.12    | 4.7   | 0.82    |
| > Married    |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| Family       |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| Income       |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Less Than  | 28.7  | 2.53   | 6.0    | 1.27    | 2.7   | 0.71    |
| > \$20,000   |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > \$20,      | 31.3  | 2.10   | 6.1    | 1.08    | 3.5   | 0.77    |
| 000-\$49,999 |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > \$50,      | 23.7  | 3.05   | 5.4    | 1.42    | 6.8   | 1.37    |
| 000-\$74,999 |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > \$75,000   | 15.1  | 1.90   | 6.1    | 1.20    | 3.3   | 1.02    |
| > or More    |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| Government   |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| A            |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| ssistance^1^ |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Yes        | 28.5  | 3.49   | 5.1    | 1.38    | 2.0   | 0.98    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > No         | 25.6  | 1.24   | 6.1    | 0.77    | 4.0   | 0.51    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| Health       |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| Insurance    |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Medi       | 27.0  | 5.37   | 5.3    | 2.25    | 4.1   | 1.44    |
| caid/CHIP^2^ |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Private    | 21.6  | 1.38   | 6.5    | 0.82    | 4.4   | 0.70    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Other      | 15.4  | 2.42   | 3.6    | 1.36    | 2.2   | 1.02    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > No         | 40.7  | 2.73   | 5.3    | 1.09    | 1.9   | 0.64    |
| > Coverage   |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| MSAs^3^      |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Houston    | 29.0  | 2.09   | 3.1    | 1.08    | 2.1   | 1.08    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Dallas     | 30.6  | 4.11   | 8.0    | 2.31    | 1.0   | 0.30    |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Fort       | 23.7  | 4.46   | 6.6    | 2.81    | 5.1   | 1.86    |
| > Wor        |       |        |        |         |       |         |
| th-Arlington |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+
| > Remainder  | 24.1  | 1.30   | 6.2    | 0.82    | 4.8   | 0.61    |
| > of Texas   |       |        |        |         |       |         |
+--------------+-------+--------+--------+---------+-------+---------+

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

> Note: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
> analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually
> exclusive. \"Current\" refers to use in past month.

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 3 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) and Standard Errors of Alcohol
Use and Dependence or Abuse among Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas, by
Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

<table style="width:100%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 24%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td rowspan="2"><strong>Sociodemographic Characteristics</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Past Month Alcohol Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Past Month Binge Alcohol Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Alcohol<br />
Abuse</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Alcohol<br />
Dependence</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Total</td>
<td>6,990</td>
<td>266</td>
<td>3,530</td>
<td>191</td>
<td>1,041</td>
<td>99</td>
<td>584</td>
<td>74</td>
<td>319</td>
<td>45</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Age Group</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>18-25</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,361</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>931</td>
<td>33</td>
<td>360</td>
<td>27</td>
<td>220</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>121</td>
<td>15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>26-49</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>3,919</td>
<td>175</td>
<td>2,014</td>
<td>119</td>
<td>503</td>
<td>61</td>
<td>274</td>
<td>51</td>
<td>133</td>
<td>28</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>50 or Older</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,710</td>
<td>171</td>
<td>585</td>
<td>112</td>
<td>178</td>
<td>62</td>
<td>90</td>
<td>46</td>
<td>64</td>
<td>33</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Gender</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Male</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>3,969</td>
<td>195</td>
<td>2,367</td>
<td>159</td>
<td>844</td>
<td>93</td>
<td>442</td>
<td>68</td>
<td>210</td>
<td>38</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Female</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>3,020</td>
<td>145</td>
<td>1,163</td>
<td>100</td>
<td>197</td>
<td>35</td>
<td>142</td>
<td>36</td>
<td>109</td>
<td>19</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Race/Ethnicity</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Non-Hispanic White</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>4,624</td>
<td>237</td>
<td>2,083</td>
<td>152</td>
<td>639</td>
<td>77</td>
<td>336</td>
<td>62</td>
<td>161</td>
<td>26</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Non-Hispanic Black</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>642</td>
<td>65</td>
<td>343</td>
<td>56</td>
<td>118</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>29</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>17</td>
<td>12</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Hispanic</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,595</td>
<td>105</td>
<td>1,067</td>
<td>105</td>
<td>284</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>217</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>140</td>
<td>38</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Other</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Education</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Less Than High School</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,353</td>
<td>109</td>
<td>985</td>
<td>101</td>
<td>277</td>
<td>55</td>
<td>163</td>
<td>45</td>
<td>125</td>
<td>29</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>High School Graduate</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,629</td>
<td>114</td>
<td>871</td>
<td>81</td>
<td>252</td>
<td>45</td>
<td>114</td>
<td>22</td>
<td>82</td>
<td>18</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Some College</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,802</td>
<td>116</td>
<td>965</td>
<td>73</td>
<td>300</td>
<td>56</td>
<td>151</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>College Graduate</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>2,206</td>
<td>109</td>
<td>709</td>
<td>92</td>
<td>211</td>
<td>45</td>
<td>156</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>69</td>
<td>31</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Marital Status</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Married</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>4,247</td>
<td>234</td>
<td>1,853</td>
<td>137</td>
<td>419</td>
<td>62</td>
<td>285</td>
<td>61</td>
<td>108</td>
<td>36</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Widowed or Divorced or Separated</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,057</td>
<td>82</td>
<td>553</td>
<td>74</td>
<td>164</td>
<td>49</td>
<td>56</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>56</td>
<td>19</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Never Married</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,686</td>
<td>60</td>
<td>1,123</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>458</td>
<td>45</td>
<td>243</td>
<td>37</td>
<td>155</td>
<td>25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Family Income</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Less Than $20,000</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,252</td>
<td>90</td>
<td>812</td>
<td>81</td>
<td>307</td>
<td>51</td>
<td>180</td>
<td>45</td>
<td>75</td>
<td>17</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$20,000-$49,999</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>2,441</td>
<td>128</td>
<td>1,315</td>
<td>107</td>
<td>365</td>
<td>50</td>
<td>178</td>
<td>31</td>
<td>149</td>
<td>37</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$50,000-$74,999</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,138</td>
<td>87</td>
<td>574</td>
<td>72</td>
<td>176</td>
<td>39</td>
<td>70</td>
<td>17</td>
<td>31</td>
<td>11</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$75,000 or More</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>2,159</td>
<td>104</td>
<td>829</td>
<td>90</td>
<td>193</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>156</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>64</td>
<td>22</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Government Assistance<sup>1</sup></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Yes</td>
<td>709</td>
<td>67</td>
<td>476</td>
<td>53</td>
<td>189</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>79</td>
<td>31</td>
<td>50</td>
<td>18</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>No</td>
<td>6,281</td>
<td>250</td>
<td>3,054</td>
<td>169</td>
<td>852</td>
<td>84</td>
<td>505</td>
<td>68</td>
<td>269</td>
<td>41</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Health Insurance</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Medicaid/CHIP<sup>2</sup></td>
<td>281</td>
<td>51</td>
<td>193</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>89</td>
<td>33</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Private</td>
<td>5,095</td>
<td>198</td>
<td>2,397</td>
<td>155</td>
<td>615</td>
<td>71</td>
<td>388</td>
<td>66</td>
<td>170</td>
<td>37</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Other</td>
<td>953</td>
<td>127</td>
<td>282</td>
<td>57</td>
<td>120</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>No Coverage</td>
<td>1,281</td>
<td>77</td>
<td>831</td>
<td>69</td>
<td>275</td>
<td>34</td>
<td>131</td>
<td>29</td>
<td>130</td>
<td>25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>MSAs<sup>3</sup></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Houston</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,297</td>
<td>74</td>
<td>562</td>
<td>81</td>
<td>143</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>157</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>54</td>
<td>19</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Dallas</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>614</td>
<td>62</td>
<td>188</td>
<td>29</td>
<td>68</td>
<td>27</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Fort Worth-Arlington</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>775</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>339</td>
<td>44</td>
<td>87</td>
<td>28</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>17</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Remainder of Texas</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>3,670</td>
<td>179</td>
<td>2,015</td>
<td>159</td>
<td>622</td>
<td>78</td>
<td>318</td>
<td>48</td>
<td>215</td>
<td>38</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

> Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
> analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually
> exclusive.

Note 2: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on
the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. For this
variable, \"occasion\" means at the same time or within a couple hours
of each other. Heavy Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more
drinks on the same occasion on each of 5 or more days in the past 30
days. All heavy alcohol users are also binge alcohol users. Alcohol
dependence or abuse were defined based on the dependence criteria listed
in the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,* 4^th^
ed. (DSM-IV).

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 4 Percentages and Standard Errors of Alcohol Use and Dependence or
Abuse among Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas, by Sociodemographic
Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

<table style="width:100%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 23%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 8%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td rowspan="2"><strong>Sociodemographic Characteristics</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Past Month Alcohol Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Past Month Binge Alcohol Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Alcohol<br />
Abuse</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Alcohol<br />
Dependence</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Total</td>
<td>48.3</td>
<td>1.83</td>
<td>24.4</td>
<td>1.32</td>
<td>7.2</td>
<td>0.69</td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>0.51</td>
<td>2.2</td>
<td>0.31</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Age Group</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>18-25</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>56.5</td>
<td>1.80</td>
<td>38.7</td>
<td>1.36</td>
<td>15.0</td>
<td>1.14</td>
<td>9.1</td>
<td>0.95</td>
<td>5.0</td>
<td>0.62</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>26-49</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>55.3</td>
<td>2.47</td>
<td>28.4</td>
<td>1.68</td>
<td>7.1</td>
<td>0.86</td>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>0.72</td>
<td>1.9</td>
<td>0.40</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>50 or Older</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>34.3</td>
<td>3.43</td>
<td>11.7</td>
<td>2.25</td>
<td>3.6</td>
<td>1.25</td>
<td>1.8</td>
<td>0.92</td>
<td>1.3</td>
<td>0.66</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Gender</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Male</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>57.1</td>
<td>2.80</td>
<td>34.0</td>
<td>2.28</td>
<td>12.1</td>
<td>1.34</td>
<td>6.4</td>
<td>0.98</td>
<td>3.0</td>
<td>0.55</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Female</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>40.1</td>
<td>1.93</td>
<td>15.4</td>
<td>1.32</td>
<td>2.6</td>
<td>0.46</td>
<td>1.9</td>
<td>0.48</td>
<td>1.4</td>
<td>0.25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Race/Ethnicity</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Non-Hispanic White</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>55.1</td>
<td>2.82</td>
<td>24.8</td>
<td>1.81</td>
<td>7.6</td>
<td>0.91</td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>0.74</td>
<td>1.9</td>
<td>0.31</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Non-Hispanic Black</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>39.1</td>
<td>3.99</td>
<td>20.9</td>
<td>3.44</td>
<td>7.2</td>
<td>2.44</td>
<td>1.7</td>
<td>0.82</td>
<td>1.0</td>
<td>0.73</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Hispanic</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>39.9</td>
<td>2.63</td>
<td>26.7</td>
<td>2.62</td>
<td>7.1</td>
<td>1.19</td>
<td>5.4</td>
<td>1.01</td>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>0.94</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Other</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Education</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Less Than High School</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>36.6</td>
<td>2.94</td>
<td>26.7</td>
<td>2.73</td>
<td>7.5</td>
<td>1.49</td>
<td>4.4</td>
<td>1.21</td>
<td>3.4</td>
<td>0.77</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>High School Graduate</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>42.3</td>
<td>2.95</td>
<td>22.6</td>
<td>2.11</td>
<td>6.6</td>
<td>1.16</td>
<td>3.0</td>
<td>0.56</td>
<td>2.1</td>
<td>0.48</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Some College</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>52.9</td>
<td>3.42</td>
<td>28.4</td>
<td>2.16</td>
<td>8.8</td>
<td>1.64</td>
<td>4.4</td>
<td>0.77</td>
<td>1.3</td>
<td>0.31</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>College Graduate</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>62.4</td>
<td>3.09</td>
<td>20.0</td>
<td>2.61</td>
<td>6.0</td>
<td>1.27</td>
<td>4.4</td>
<td>1.18</td>
<td>2.0</td>
<td>0.87</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Marital Status</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Married</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>48.3</td>
<td>2.67</td>
<td>21.1</td>
<td>1.56</td>
<td>4.8</td>
<td>0.71</td>
<td>3.2</td>
<td>0.69</td>
<td>1.2</td>
<td>0.41</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Widowed or Divorced or Separated</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>38.4</td>
<td>2.96</td>
<td>20.1</td>
<td>2.70</td>
<td>6.0</td>
<td>1.77</td>
<td>2.0</td>
<td>0.74</td>
<td>2.0</td>
<td>0.69</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Never Married</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>57.2</td>
<td>2.03</td>
<td>38.1</td>
<td>1.46</td>
<td>15.5</td>
<td>1.54</td>
<td>8.2</td>
<td>1.27</td>
<td>5.3</td>
<td>0.86</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Family Income</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Less Than $20,000</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>35.1</td>
<td>2.53</td>
<td>22.7</td>
<td>2.27</td>
<td>8.6</td>
<td>1.44</td>
<td>5.0</td>
<td>1.27</td>
<td>2.1</td>
<td>0.48</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$20,000-$49,999</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>43.1</td>
<td>2.26</td>
<td>23.2</td>
<td>1.88</td>
<td>6.4</td>
<td>0.88</td>
<td>3.1</td>
<td>0.54</td>
<td>2.6</td>
<td>0.66</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$50,000-$74,999</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>55.9</td>
<td>4.27</td>
<td>28.2</td>
<td>3.52</td>
<td>8.6</td>
<td>1.94</td>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>0.83</td>
<td>1.5</td>
<td>0.54</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$75,000 or More</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>67.3</td>
<td>3.24</td>
<td>25.8</td>
<td>2.80</td>
<td>6.0</td>
<td>1.30</td>
<td>4.8</td>
<td>1.45</td>
<td>2.0</td>
<td>0.70</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Government Assistance<sup>1</sup></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Yes</td>
<td>38.3</td>
<td>3.60</td>
<td>25.7</td>
<td>2.85</td>
<td>10.2</td>
<td>2.34</td>
<td>4.3</td>
<td>1.66</td>
<td>2.7</td>
<td>0.97</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>No</td>
<td>49.7</td>
<td>1.98</td>
<td>24.2</td>
<td>1.33</td>
<td>6.7</td>
<td>0.66</td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>0.54</td>
<td>2.1</td>
<td>0.32</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Health Insurance</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Medicaid/CHIP<sup>2</sup></td>
<td>29.0</td>
<td>5.27</td>
<td>20.0</td>
<td>4.47</td>
<td>9.2</td>
<td>3.45</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>1.6</td>
<td>0.95</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Private</td>
<td>52.9</td>
<td>2.06</td>
<td>24.9</td>
<td>1.61</td>
<td>6.4</td>
<td>0.74</td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>0.69</td>
<td>1.8</td>
<td>0.38</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Other</td>
<td>32.0</td>
<td>4.28</td>
<td>9.5</td>
<td>1.90</td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>1.43</td>
<td>1.3</td>
<td>0.86</td>
<td>0.6</td>
<td>0.33</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>No Coverage</td>
<td>42.7</td>
<td>2.55</td>
<td>27.7</td>
<td>2.31</td>
<td>9.1</td>
<td>1.13</td>
<td>4.4</td>
<td>0.95</td>
<td>4.3</td>
<td>0.82</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>MSAs<sup>3</sup></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Houston</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>51.8</td>
<td>2.93</td>
<td>22.4</td>
<td>3.23</td>
<td>5.7</td>
<td>1.69</td>
<td>6.3</td>
<td>1.68</td>
<td>2.2</td>
<td>0.74</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Dallas</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>24.9</td>
<td>2.51</td>
<td>7.6</td>
<td>1.16</td>
<td>2.8</td>
<td>1.10</td>
<td>0.8</td>
<td>0.21</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Fort Worth-Arlington</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>53.7</td>
<td>1.62</td>
<td>23.5</td>
<td>3.07</td>
<td>6.1</td>
<td>1.95</td>
<td>2.9</td>
<td>1.20</td>
<td>2.0</td>
<td>0.60</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Remainder of Texas</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>45.5</td>
<td>2.22</td>
<td>25.0</td>
<td>1.97</td>
<td>7.7</td>
<td>0.97</td>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>0.60</td>
<td>2.7</td>
<td>0.47</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

> Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
> analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually
> exclusive.

Note 2: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on
the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. For this
variable, \"occasion\" means at the same time or within a couple hours
of each other. Heavy Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more
drinks on the same occasion on each of 5 or more days in the past 30
days. All heavy alcohol users are also binge alcohol users. Alcohol
dependence or abuse were defined based on the dependence criteria listed
in the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,* 4^th^
ed. (DSM-IV).

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 5 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) and Standard Errors of Past
Year Illicit Drug Use and Dependence or Abuse among Adults Aged 18 or\
Older in Texas, by Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 17%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 7%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Any Illicit Drug Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Marijuana/Hashish Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Cocaine Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Nonmedical Use of Prescription-Type
Psychotherapeutic</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Other Illicit Drug Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Illicit Drug Dependence</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Illicit Drug Abuse</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><strong>Sociodemographic Characteristics</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Total</td>
<td>1,610</td>
<td>99</td>
<td>1,063</td>
<td>80</td>
<td>329</td>
<td>49</td>
<td>671</td>
<td>75</td>
<td>315</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>162</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>93</td>
<td>32</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Age Group</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>18-25</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>665</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>493</td>
<td>29</td>
<td>160</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>284</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>235</td>
<td>25</td>
<td>90</td>
<td>16</td>
<td>44</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>26-49</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>800</td>
<td>66</td>
<td>529</td>
<td>59</td>
<td>150</td>
<td>37</td>
<td>301</td>
<td>48</td>
<td>80</td>
<td>24</td>
<td>73</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>11</td>
<td>7</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>50 or Older</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>145</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>29</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>86</td>
<td>35</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>27</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Gender</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Male</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>974</td>
<td>100</td>
<td>664</td>
<td>71</td>
<td>253</td>
<td>45</td>
<td>389</td>
<td>70</td>
<td>220</td>
<td>37</td>
<td>99</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>80</td>
<td>30</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Female</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>637</td>
<td>58</td>
<td>398</td>
<td>44</td>
<td>76</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>282</td>
<td>39</td>
<td>95</td>
<td>22</td>
<td>63</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Race/Ethnicity</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Non-Hispanic White</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>1,002</td>
<td>74</td>
<td>743</td>
<td>68</td>
<td>185</td>
<td>39</td>
<td>432</td>
<td>60</td>
<td>228</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>124</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>17</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Non-Hispanic Black</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>168</td>
<td>34</td>
<td>136</td>
<td>31</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>52</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>9</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Hispanic</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>434</td>
<td>48</td>
<td>183</td>
<td>25</td>
<td>140</td>
<td>31</td>
<td>186</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>60</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>65</td>
<td>30</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Other</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Education</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Less Than High School</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>425</td>
<td>50</td>
<td>235</td>
<td>36</td>
<td>97</td>
<td>27</td>
<td>175</td>
<td>35</td>
<td>62</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>39</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>57</td>
<td>31</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>High School Graduate</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>404</td>
<td>48</td>
<td>262</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>91</td>
<td>24</td>
<td>190</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>83</td>
<td>16</td>
<td>59</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Some College</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>455</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>331</td>
<td>39</td>
<td>110</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>170</td>
<td>35</td>
<td>116</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>59</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>College Graduate</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>326</td>
<td>64</td>
<td>235</td>
<td>56</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>14</td>
<td>136</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>55</td>
<td>14</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Marital Status</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Married</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>586</td>
<td>66</td>
<td>347</td>
<td>60</td>
<td>117</td>
<td>35</td>
<td>238</td>
<td>50</td>
<td>28</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>35</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>52</td>
<td>30</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Widowed or Divorced or Separated</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>229</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>112</td>
<td>29</td>
<td>24</td>
<td>11</td>
<td>130</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>11</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Never Married</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>796</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>604</td>
<td>36</td>
<td>188</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>303</td>
<td>35</td>
<td>272</td>
<td>34</td>
<td>120</td>
<td>24</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>9</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Family Income</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Less Than $20,000</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>460</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>280</td>
<td>36</td>
<td>128</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>218</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>109</td>
<td>24</td>
<td>83</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>33</td>
<td>18</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$20,000-$49,999</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>635</td>
<td>56</td>
<td>431</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>105</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>220</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>106</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>14</td>
<td>44</td>
<td>24</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$50,000-$74,999</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>235</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>153</td>
<td>39</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>89</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>36</td>
<td>11</td>
<td>27</td>
<td>16</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$75,000 or More</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>280</td>
<td>56</td>
<td>198</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>50</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>144</td>
<td>42</td>
<td>64</td>
<td>17</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>11</td>
<td>5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<table style="width:100%;">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 18%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="15"><strong>Table 5 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) and
Standard Errors of Past Year Illicit Drug Use and Dependence or Abuse
among Adults Aged 18 or<br />
Older in Texas, by Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA
(continued)</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Any Illicit Drug Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Marijuana/Hashish Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Cocaine Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Nonmedical Use of Prescription-Type
Psychotherapeutic</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Other Illicit Drug Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Illicit Drug Dependence</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Illicit Drug Abuse</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>Sociodemographic Characteristics</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><em><strong>n</strong></em></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Government Assistance<sup>1</sup></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Yes</td>
<td>212</td>
<td>41</td>
<td>97</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>78</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>90</td>
<td>22</td>
<td>34</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>No</td>
<td>1,398</td>
<td>100</td>
<td>966</td>
<td>81</td>
<td>251</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>582</td>
<td>75</td>
<td>281</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>133</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>64</td>
<td>24</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Health Insurance</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Medicaid/CHIP<sup>2</sup></td>
<td>87</td>
<td>26</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>35</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>43</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>28</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Private</td>
<td>925</td>
<td>88</td>
<td>652</td>
<td>71</td>
<td>124</td>
<td>25</td>
<td>381</td>
<td>61</td>
<td>173</td>
<td>27</td>
<td>70</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>8</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Other</td>
<td>95</td>
<td>24</td>
<td>55</td>
<td>17</td>
<td>15</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>52</td>
<td>19</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>9</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>No Coverage</td>
<td>536</td>
<td>51</td>
<td>342</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>160</td>
<td>30</td>
<td>216</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>111</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>67</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>44</td>
<td>22</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>MSAs<sup>3</sup></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Houston</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>315</td>
<td>60</td>
<td>184</td>
<td>46</td>
<td>61</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>140</td>
<td>46</td>
<td>65</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>34</td>
<td>24</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Dallas</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>288</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>175</td>
<td>38</td>
<td>79</td>
<td>27</td>
<td>148</td>
<td>23</td>
<td>85</td>
<td>29</td>
<td>47</td>
<td>16</td>
<td>13</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Fort Worth-Arlington</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>133</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>98</td>
<td>17</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>57</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>33</td>
<td>8</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>6</td>
<td>4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Remainder of Texas</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>874</td>
<td>67</td>
<td>605</td>
<td>54</td>
<td>170</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>327</td>
<td>49</td>
<td>132</td>
<td>22</td>
<td>70</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>40</td>
<td>21</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

> Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
> analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually
> exclusive.

Note 2: Any use indicates use at least once of marijuana/hashish,
cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens (including LSD and
PCP), inhalants, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used
nonmedically. Reference level is the past 12 months. Prescription-type
psychotherapeutic includes pain relievers, sedatives, stimulants, and
tranquilizers. Other includes heroin, hallucinogens (including LSD and
PCP), and inhalants, regardless of marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including
crack), and prescription-type psychotherapeutic use; other users who
also have used any of the other listed drugs are included. Dependence or
abuse was defined based on the dependence criteria listed in the
*Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders*, 4^th^ ed.
(DSM-IV).

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 6 Percentages and Standard Errors of Past Year Illicit Drug Use
and Dependence or Abuse among Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas, by
Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 17%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Any Illicit Drug Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><p><strong>Marijuana/</strong></p>
<p><strong>Hashish Use</strong></p></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Cocaine Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Nonmedical Use of Prescription-Type
Psychotherapeutic</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Other Illicit Drug Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Illicit Drug Dependence</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Illicit Drug Abuse</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><strong>Sociodemographic Characteristics</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Total</td>
<td>11.1</td>
<td>0.68</td>
<td>7.3</td>
<td>0.55</td>
<td>2.3</td>
<td>0.34</td>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>0.52</td>
<td>2.2</td>
<td>0.29</td>
<td>1.1</td>
<td>0.22</td>
<td>0.6</td>
<td>0.22</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Age Group</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>18-25</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>27.6</td>
<td>1.32</td>
<td>20.5</td>
<td>1.21</td>
<td>6.6</td>
<td>0.84</td>
<td>11.8</td>
<td>0.97</td>
<td>9.8</td>
<td>1.03</td>
<td>3.7</td>
<td>0.68</td>
<td>1.8</td>
<td>0.37</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>26-49</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>11.3</td>
<td>0.92</td>
<td>7.5</td>
<td>0.84</td>
<td>2.1</td>
<td>0.52</td>
<td>4.2</td>
<td>0.68</td>
<td>1.1</td>
<td>0.34</td>
<td>1.0</td>
<td>0.36</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>0.11</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>50 or Older</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>2.9</td>
<td>0.86</td>
<td>0.8</td>
<td>0.57</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>1.7</td>
<td>0.71</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>0.8</td>
<td>0.55</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Gender</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Male</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>14.0</td>
<td>1.44</td>
<td>9.5</td>
<td>1.02</td>
<td>3.6</td>
<td>0.64</td>
<td>5.6</td>
<td>1.01</td>
<td>3.2</td>
<td>0.53</td>
<td>1.4</td>
<td>0.37</td>
<td>1.2</td>
<td>0.44</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Female</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>8.5</td>
<td>0.77</td>
<td>5.3</td>
<td>0.58</td>
<td>1.0</td>
<td>0.27</td>
<td>3.7</td>
<td>0.51</td>
<td>1.3</td>
<td>0.29</td>
<td>0.8</td>
<td>0.23</td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td>0.08</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Race/Ethnicity</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Non-Hispanic White</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>11.9</td>
<td>0.88</td>
<td>8.8</td>
<td>0.81</td>
<td>2.2</td>
<td>0.46</td>
<td>5.1</td>
<td>0.72</td>
<td>2.7</td>
<td>0.45</td>
<td>1.5</td>
<td>0.36</td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td>0.07</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Non-Hispanic Black</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>10.3</td>
<td>2.09</td>
<td>8.3</td>
<td>1.87</td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td>0.23</td>
<td>3.1</td>
<td>1.10</td>
<td>1.4</td>
<td>0.55</td>
<td>0.9</td>
<td>0.47</td>
<td>0.6</td>
<td>0.34</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Hispanic</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>10.8</td>
<td>1.20</td>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>0.62</td>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>0.76</td>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>0.99</td>
<td>1.5</td>
<td>0.38</td>
<td>0.6</td>
<td>0.19</td>
<td>1.6</td>
<td>0.74</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Other</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>Education</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Less Than High School</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>11.5</td>
<td>1.34</td>
<td>6.4</td>
<td>0.98</td>
<td>2.6</td>
<td>0.72</td>
<td>4.7</td>
<td>0.95</td>
<td>1.7</td>
<td>0.32</td>
<td>1.1</td>
<td>0.36</td>
<td>1.5</td>
<td>0.83</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>High School Graduate</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>10.5</td>
<td>1.24</td>
<td>6.8</td>
<td>0.99</td>
<td>2.4</td>
<td>0.61</td>
<td>4.9</td>
<td>0.83</td>
<td>2.2</td>
<td>0.41</td>
<td>1.5</td>
<td>0.54</td>
<td>0.3</td>
<td>0.06</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Some College</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>13.4</td>
<td>1.24</td>
<td>9.7</td>
<td>1.15</td>
<td>3.2</td>
<td>0.87</td>
<td>5.0</td>
<td>1.02</td>
<td>3.4</td>
<td>0.75</td>
<td>1.7</td>
<td>0.67</td>
<td>0.7</td>
<td>0.24</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>College Graduate</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>9.2</td>
<td>1.80</td>
<td>6.6</td>
<td>1.58</td>
<td>0.9</td>
<td>0.38</td>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>1.20</td>
<td>1.6</td>
<td>0.39</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>0.11</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>0.06</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Marital Status</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Married</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>6.7</td>
<td>0.75</td>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>0.68</td>
<td>1.3</td>
<td>0.40</td>
<td>2.7</td>
<td>0.57</td>
<td>0.3</td>
<td>0.15</td>
<td>0.4</td>
<td>0.21</td>
<td>0.6</td>
<td>0.34</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Widowed or Divorced or Separated</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>8.3</td>
<td>1.57</td>
<td>4.1</td>
<td>1.06</td>
<td>0.9</td>
<td>0.42</td>
<td>4.7</td>
<td>1.39</td>
<td>0.5</td>
<td>0.38</td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td>0.24</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Never Married</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>27.0</td>
<td>1.60</td>
<td>20.5</td>
<td>1.21</td>
<td>6.4</td>
<td>0.89</td>
<td>10.3</td>
<td>1.18</td>
<td>9.2</td>
<td>1.16</td>
<td>4.1</td>
<td>0.82</td>
<td>1.4</td>
<td>0.31</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Family Income</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>Less Than $20,000</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>12.9</td>
<td>1.18</td>
<td>7.9</td>
<td>1.01</td>
<td>3.6</td>
<td>0.90</td>
<td>6.1</td>
<td>1.07</td>
<td>3.1</td>
<td>0.66</td>
<td>2.3</td>
<td>0.65</td>
<td>0.9</td>
<td>0.51</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$20,000-$49,999</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>11.2</td>
<td>0.99</td>
<td>7.6</td>
<td>0.74</td>
<td>1.8</td>
<td>0.38</td>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>0.72</td>
<td>1.9</td>
<td>0.34</td>
<td>0.7</td>
<td>0.25</td>
<td>0.8</td>
<td>0.42</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$50,000-$74,999</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>11.5</td>
<td>1.95</td>
<td>7.5</td>
<td>1.91</td>
<td>2.3</td>
<td>0.95</td>
<td>4.4</td>
<td>1.05</td>
<td>1.8</td>
<td>0.56</td>
<td>1.3</td>
<td>0.78</td>
<td>0.2</td>
<td>0.16</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><blockquote>
<p>$75,000 or More</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>8.7</td>
<td>1.74</td>
<td>6.2</td>
<td>1.26</td>
<td>1.5</td>
<td>0.60</td>
<td>4.5</td>
<td>1.32</td>
<td>2.0</td>
<td>0.52</td>
<td>0.4</td>
<td>0.15</td>
<td>0.3</td>
<td>0.15</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 1%" />
<col style="width: 16%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 4%" />
<col style="width: 6%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 5%" />
<col style="width: 2%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="17"><blockquote>
<p><strong>Table 6 Percentages and Standard Errors of Past Year Illicit
Drug Use and Dependence or Abuse among Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas,
by Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA (continued)</strong></p>
</blockquote></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Any Illicit Drug Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Marijuana/<br />
Hashish Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Cocaine Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Nonmedical Use of Prescription-Type
Psychotherapeutic</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Other Illicit Drug Use</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Illicit Drug Dependence</strong></td>
<td colspan="2"><strong>Illicit Drug Abuse</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td><strong>Sociodemographic Characteristics</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td><strong>Percent</strong></td>
<td><strong>SE</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td>Government Assistance<sup>1</sup></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>11.5</td>
<td>2.19</td>
<td>5.2</td>
<td>1.13</td>
<td>4.2</td>
<td>1.43</td>
<td>4.8</td>
<td>1.18</td>
<td>1.9</td>
<td>0.66</td>
<td>1.6</td>
<td>0.69</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td>No</td>
<td>11.1</td>
<td>0.79</td>
<td>7.6</td>
<td>0.64</td>
<td>2.0</td>
<td>0.31</td>
<td>4.6</td>
<td>0.59</td>
<td>2.2</td>
<td>0.32</td>
<td>1.1</td>
<td>0.24</td>
<td>0.5</td>
<td>0.19</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td>Health Insurance</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td>Medicaid/CHIP<sup>2</sup></td>
<td>9.0</td>
<td>2.66</td>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>1.50</td>
<td>3.6</td>
<td>2.03</td>
<td>4.4</td>
<td>1.56</td>
<td>1.5</td>
<td>0.67</td>
<td>2.9</td>
<td>1.33</td>
<td>*</td>
<td>*</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td>Private</td>
<td>9.6</td>
<td>0.91</td>
<td>6.8</td>
<td>0.74</td>
<td>1.3</td>
<td>0.26</td>
<td>4.0</td>
<td>0.63</td>
<td>1.8</td>
<td>0.28</td>
<td>0.7</td>
<td>0.18</td>
<td>0.3</td>
<td>0.09</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td>Other</td>
<td>3.2</td>
<td>0.79</td>
<td>1.9</td>
<td>0.56</td>
<td>0.5</td>
<td>0.25</td>
<td>1.7</td>
<td>0.63</td>
<td>0.7</td>
<td>0.29</td>
<td>0.3</td>
<td>0.28</td>
<td>0.1</td>
<td>0.07</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td>No Coverage</td>
<td>17.9</td>
<td>1.68</td>
<td>11.4</td>
<td>1.32</td>
<td>5.3</td>
<td>0.99</td>
<td>7.2</td>
<td>1.35</td>
<td>3.7</td>
<td>0.77</td>
<td>2.2</td>
<td>0.67</td>
<td>1.5</td>
<td>0.74</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td>MSAs<sup>3</sup></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Houston</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>12.6</td>
<td>2.41</td>
<td>7.4</td>
<td>1.83</td>
<td>2.5</td>
<td>0.93</td>
<td>5.6</td>
<td>1.83</td>
<td>2.6</td>
<td>0.79</td>
<td>1.6</td>
<td>0.53</td>
<td>1.4</td>
<td>0.96</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Dallas</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>11.7</td>
<td>1.60</td>
<td>7.1</td>
<td>1.54</td>
<td>3.2</td>
<td>1.11</td>
<td>6.0</td>
<td>0.92</td>
<td>3.5</td>
<td>1.18</td>
<td>1.9</td>
<td>0.67</td>
<td>0.5</td>
<td>0.16</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Fort Worth-Arlington</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>9.2</td>
<td>1.44</td>
<td>6.8</td>
<td>1.16</td>
<td>1.3</td>
<td>0.40</td>
<td>3.9</td>
<td>1.38</td>
<td>2.3</td>
<td>0.55</td>
<td>0.4</td>
<td>0.19</td>
<td>0.4</td>
<td>0.29</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td><blockquote>
<p>Remainder of Texas</p>
</blockquote></td>
<td>10.8</td>
<td>0.84</td>
<td>7.5</td>
<td>0.67</td>
<td>2.1</td>
<td>0.39</td>
<td>4.1</td>
<td>0.61</td>
<td>1.6</td>
<td>0.27</td>
<td>0.9</td>
<td>0.27</td>
<td>0.5</td>
<td>0.26</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

> \*Low precision; no estimate reported.
>
> Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
> analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually
> exclusive.
>
> Note 2: Any use indicates use at least once of marijuana/hashish,
> cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens (including LSD and
> PCP), inhalants, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used
> nonmedically. Reference level is the past 12 months. Prescription-type
> psychotherapeutic includes pain relievers, sedatives, stimulants, and
> tranquilizers. Other includes heroin, hallucinogens (including LSD and
> PCP), and inhalants, regardless of marijuana/hashish, cocaine
> (including crack), and prescription-type psychotherapeutic use; other
> users who also have used any of the other listed drugs are included.
> Dependence or abuse was defined based on the dependence criteria
> listed in the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders*,
> 4^th^ ed. (DSM-IV).
>
> ^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
> received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or
> noncash assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or
> the family received food stamps in the past year.
>
> ^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.
>
> ^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
> the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 7 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) and Standard Errors of Alcohol
or Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse and Treatment Need and Receipt for
Alcohol or Illicit Drugs in the Past Year among Adults Aged 18 or Older
in Texas, by Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| **Soc         | *    |     | **P  |     | **   |     | **Ne |     |
| iodemographic | *Alc |     | erce |     | Rece |     | eded |     |
| Char          | ohol |     | ived |     | ived |     | Tr   |     |
| acteristics** | or   |     | Need |     | T    |     | eatm |     |
|               | Ill  |     | for  |     | reat |     | ent, |     |
|               | icit |     | Tr   |     | ment |     | but  |     |
|               | Drug |     | eatm |     | for  |     | Not  |     |
|               | De   |     | ent, |     | Alc  |     | Re   |     |
|               | pend |     | but  |     | ohol |     | ceiv |     |
|               | ence |     | Not  |     | or   |     | ed** |     |
|               | or   |     | Re   |     | Ill  |     |      |     |
|               | Abu  |     | ceiv |     | icit |     |      |     |
|               | se** |     | ed** |     | Dru  |     |      |     |
|               |      |     |      |     | gs** |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
|               | **E  | *   | **E  | *   | **E  | *   | **E  | *   |
|               | stim | *St | stim | *St | stim | *St | stim | *St |
|               | ated | and | ated | and | ated | and | ated | and |
|               | Numb | ard | Numb | ard | Numb | ard | Numb | ard |
|               | er** | E   | er** | E   | er** | E   | er** | E   |
|               |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |
|               |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Total         | 1    | 94  | 40   | 13  | 132  | 32  | 936  | 91  |
|               | ,017 |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Age Group     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 18-25       | 415  | 29  | 25   | 8   | 48   | 11  | 392  | 27  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 26-49       | 448  | 63  | 15   | 11  | 84   | 27  | 389  | 63  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 50 or Older | 154  | 56  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | 154  | 56  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Gender        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Male        | 718  | 89  | 22   | 10  | 96   | 29  | 658  | 87  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Female      | 299  | 41  | 18   | 8   | 36   | 16  | 277  | 39  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| R             |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| ace/Ethnicity |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 573  | 73  | 25   | 11  | 72   | 23  | 521  | 72  |
|  Non-Hispanic |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| > White       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 62   | 20  | \*   | \*  | 22   | 12  | 59   | 19  |
|  Non-Hispanic |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| > Black       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Hispanic    | 378  | 55  | 15   | 8   | 35   | 13  | 353  | 55  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Education     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 317  | 53  | 21   | 11  | 25   | 10  | 300  | 51  |
| > High School |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > High School | 244  | 34  | 10   | 5   | 49   | 17  | 223  | 34  |
| > Graduate    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Some        | 229  | 33  | 9    | 4   | 28   | 12  | 204  | 32  |
| > College     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > College     | 227  | 54  | \*   | \*  | 30   | 17  | 208  | 49  |
| > Graduate    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Marital       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Status        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Married     | 417  | 70  | 15   | 8   | 55   | 24  | 381  | 68  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Widowed or  | 112  | 27  | \*   | \*  | 19   | 11  | 99   | 29  |
| > Divorced or |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| > Separated   |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Never       | 488  | 45  | 25   | 10  | 57   | 17  | 456  | 44  |
| > Married     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Family Income |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 300  | 55  | 18   | 10  | 27   | 10  | 284  | 53  |
| > \$20,000    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$20        | 360  | 50  | 13   | 8   | 54   | 19  | 329  | 45  |
| ,000-\$49,999 |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$50        | 123  | 23  | 7    | 4   | 27   | 13  | 108  | 21  |
| ,000-\$74,999 |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$75,000 or | 233  | 53  | 1    | 1   | 24   | 13  | 215  | 51  |
| > More        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Government    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Assistance^1^ |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Yes         | 143  | 37  | 16   | 9   | 24   | 11  | 127  | 36  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No          | 874  | 85  | 24   | 9   | 107  | 30  | 809  | 86  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Health        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Insurance     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Med         | 59   | 23  | 11   | 9   | \*   | \*  | 55   | 22  |
| icaid/CHIP^2^ |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Private     | 610  | 80  | 12   | 5   | 74   | 29  | 557  | 75  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | 60   | 27  | 8    | 8   | \*   | \*  | 60   | 27  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No Coverage | 308  | 37  | 16   | 8   | 53   | 15  | 283  | 36  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| MSAs^3^       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Houston     | 239  | 44  | 11   | 9   | 30   | 15  | 211  | 41  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Dallas      | 127  | 29  | 1    | 1   | 23   | 11  | 117  | 28  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Fort        | 77   | 24  | 2    | 2   | 13   | 9   | 75   | 24  |
| > Wo          |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| rth-Arlington |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Remainder   | 574  | 72  | 26   | 10  | 65   | 24  | 533  | 70  |
| > of Texas    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually exclusive.

Note 2: Alcohol or illicit drug dependence or abuse was defined based on
the dependence criteria listed in the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
of Mental Disorders*, 4^th^ ed. (DSM-IV). \"Needed Treatment, but Not
Received\" refers to respondents classified as alcohol or drug dependent
or abusers who have not received any treatment for an alcohol or illicit
drug problem. Illicit drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine
(including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens, heroin, or
prescription-type psychotherapeutic (nonmedical use).

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 8 Percentages and Standard Errors of Alcohol or Illicit Drug
Dependence or Abuse and Treatment Need and Receipt for Alcohol or
Illicit Drugs in the Past Year among Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas,
by Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| **Soc         | *    |     | **P  |     | **   |     | **Ne |     |
| iodemographic | *Alc |     | erce |     | Rece |     | eded |     |
| Char          | ohol |     | ived |     | ived |     | Tr   |     |
| acteristics** | or   |     | Need |     | T    |     | eatm |     |
|               | Ill  |     | for  |     | reat |     | ent, |     |
|               | icit |     | Tr   |     | ment |     | but  |     |
|               | Drug |     | eatm |     | for  |     | Not  |     |
|               | De   |     | ent, |     | Alc  |     | Re   |     |
|               | pend |     | but  |     | ohol |     | ceiv |     |
|               | ence |     | Not  |     | or   |     | ed** |     |
|               | or   |     | Re   |     | Ill  |     |      |     |
|               | Abu  |     | ceiv |     | icit |     |      |     |
|               | se** |     | ed** |     | Dru  |     |      |     |
|               |      |     |      |     | gs** |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
|               | **P  | *   | **P  | *   | **P  | *   | **P  | *   |
|               | erce | *St | erce | *St | erce | *St | erce | *St |
|               | nt** | and | nt** | and | nt** | and | nt** | and |
|               |      | ard |      | ard |      | ard |      | ard |
|               |      | E   |      | E   |      | E   |      | E   |
|               |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |
|               |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Total         | 7.0  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   | 0.9  | 0   | 6.5  | 0   |
|               |      | .65 |      | .09 |      | .22 |      | .63 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Age Group     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 18-25       | 17.2 | 1   | 1.0  | 0   | 2.0  | 0   | 16.3 | 1   |
|               |      | .22 |      | .32 |      | .44 |      | .11 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 26-49       | 6.3  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   | 1.2  | 0   | 5.5  | 0   |
|               |      | .89 |      | .15 |      | .38 |      | .89 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 50 or Older | 3.1  | 1   | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | 3.1  | 1   |
|               |      | .13 |      |     |      |     |      | .13 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Gender        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Male        | 10.3 | 1   | 0.3  | 0   | 1.4  | 0   | 9.5  | 1   |
|               |      | .28 |      | .15 |      | .42 |      | .25 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Female      | 4.0  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   | 0.5  | 0   | 3.7  | 0   |
|               |      | .54 |      | .11 |      | .21 |      | .51 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| R             |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| ace/Ethnicity |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 6.8  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   | 0.9  | 0   | 6.2  | 0   |
|  Non-Hispanic |      | .87 |      | .13 |      | .28 |      | .86 |
| > White       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 3.8  | 1   | \*   | \*  | 1.4  | 0   | 3.6  | 1   |
|  Non-Hispanic |      | .22 |      |     |      | .75 |      | .18 |
| > Black       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Hispanic    | 9.5  | 1   | 0.4  | 0   | 0.9  | 0   | 8.8  | 1   |
|               |      | .38 |      | .20 |      | .34 |      | .38 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Education     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 8.6  | 1   | 0.6  | 0   | 0.7  | 0   | 8.1  | 1   |
| > High School |      | .43 |      | .30 |      | .27 |      | .38 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > High School | 6.3  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   | 1.3  | 0   | 5.8  | 0   |
| > Graduate    |      | .88 |      | .13 |      | .44 |      | .87 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Some        | 6.7  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   | 0.8  | 0   | 6.0  | 0   |
| > College     |      | .97 |      | .13 |      | .36 |      | .93 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > College     | 6.4  | 1   | \*   | \*  | 0.9  | 0   | 5.9  | 1   |
| > Graduate    |      | .53 |      |     |      | .48 |      | .39 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Marital       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Status        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Married     | 4.7  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   | 0.6  | 0   | 4.3  | 0   |
|               |      | .80 |      | .09 |      | .27 |      | .78 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Widowed or  | 4.1  | 0   | \*   | \*  | 0.7  | 0   | 3.6  | 1   |
| > Divorced or |      | .99 |      |     |      | .41 |      | .07 |
| > Separated   |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Never       | 16.6 | 1   | 0.9  | 0   | 2.0  | 0   | 15.5 | 1   |
| > Married     |      | .54 |      | .35 |      | .57 |      | .49 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Family Income |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 8.4  | 1   | 0.5  | 0   | 0.8  | 0   | 8.0  | 1   |
| > \$20,000    |      | .54 |      | .27 |      | .29 |      | .49 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$20        | 6.4  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   | 1.0  | 0   | 5.8  | 0   |
| ,000-\$49,999 |      | .88 |      | .14 |      | .33 |      | .80 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$50        | 6.1  | 1   | 0.4  | 0   | 1.3  | 0   | 5.3  | 1   |
| ,000-\$74,999 |      | .13 |      | .21 |      | .66 |      | .04 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$75,000 or | 7.3  | 1   | 0.0  | 0   | 0.7  | 0   | 6.7  | 1   |
| > More        |      | .65 |      | .02 |      | .42 |      | .60 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Government    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Assistance^1^ |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Yes         | 7.7  | 2   | 0.9  | 0   | 1.3  | 0   | 6.9  | 1   |
|               |      | .01 |      | .50 |      | .59 |      | .97 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No          | 6.9  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   | 0.9  | 0   | 6.4  | 0   |
|               |      | .67 |      | .07 |      | .24 |      | .68 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Health        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Insurance     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Med         | 6.1  | 2   | 1.2  | 0   | \*   | \*  | 5.6  | 2   |
| icaid/CHIP^2^ |      | .37 |      | .91 |      |     |      | .32 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Private     | 6.3  | 0   | 0.1  | 0   | 0.8  | 0   | 5.8  | 0   |
|               |      | .83 |      | .06 |      | .30 |      | .78 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | 2.0  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   | \*   | \*  | 2.0  | 0   |
|               |      | .91 |      | .28 |      |     |      | .91 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No Coverage | 10.2 | 1   | 0.5  | 0   | 1.8  | 0   | 9.4  | 1   |
|               |      | .24 |      | .27 |      | .52 |      | .19 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| MSAs^3^       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Houston     | 9.5  | 1   | 0.4  | 0   | 1.2  | 0   | 8.4  | 1   |
|               |      | .74 |      | .35 |      | .61 |      | .62 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Dallas      | 5.2  | 1   | 0.0  | 0   | 0.9  | 0   | 4.8  | 1   |
|               |      | .17 |      | .03 |      | .46 |      | .14 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Fort        | 5.3  | 1   | 0.1  | 0   | 0.9  | 0   | 5.2  | 1   |
| > Wo          |      | .64 |      | .14 |      | .59 |      | .65 |
| rth-Arlington |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Remainder   | 7.1  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   | 0.8  | 0   | 6.6  | 0   |
| > of Texas    |      | .89 |      | .12 |      | .30 |      | .87 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually exclusive.

Note 2: Alcohol or illicit drug dependence or abuse was defined based on
the dependence criteria listed in the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
of Mental Disorders*, 4^th^ ed. (DSM-IV). \"Needed Treatment, but Not
Received\" refers to respondents classified as alcohol or drug dependent
or abusers who have not received any treatment for an alcohol or illicit
drug problem. Illicit drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine
(including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens, heroin, or
prescription-type psychotherapeutic (nonmedical use).

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 9 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) and Standard Errors of Serious
Mental Illness (SMI) and Mental Health Treatment in the Past Year among
Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas, by Sociodemographic Characteristics,
2001 NHSDA

+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| **Soc         | **S  |     | **   |     | **   |     | **U  |     |
| iodemographic | MI** |     | Rece |     | Rece |     | nmet |     |
| Char          |      |     | ived |     | ived |     | Need |     |
| acteristics** |      |     | Any  |     | Pres |     | for  |     |
|               |      |     | Me   |     | crip |     | Me   |     |
|               |      |     | ntal |     | tion |     | ntal |     |
|               |      |     | He   |     | Me   |     | He   |     |
|               |      |     | alth |     | dica |     | alth |     |
|               |      |     | Tre  |     | tion |     | Tre  |     |
|               |      |     | atme |     | for  |     | atme |     |
|               |      |     | nt** |     | Me   |     | nt** |     |
|               |      |     |      |     | ntal |     |      |     |
|               |      |     |      |     | Heal |     |      |     |
|               |      |     |      |     | th** |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
|               | **E  | *   | **E  | *   | **E  | *   | **E  | *   |
|               | stim | *St | stim | *St | stim | *St | stim | *St |
|               | ated | and | ated | and | ated | and | ated | and |
|               | Numb | ard | Numb | ard | Numb | ard | Numb | ard |
|               | er** | E   | er** | E   | er** | E   | er** | E   |
|               |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |
|               |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Total         | 977  | 86  | 1    | 126 | 931  | 96  | 648  | 76  |
|               |      |     | ,268 |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Age Group     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 18-25       | 269  | 20  | 190  | 21  | 131  | 15  | 129  | 16  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 26-49       | 548  | 58  | 703  | 75  | 560  | 69  | 347  | 49  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 50 or Older | 161  | 45  | 375  | 89  | 240  | 59  | 173  | 59  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Gender        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Male        | 388  | 58  | 565  | 81  | 390  | 57  | 267  | 53  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Female      | 589  | 60  | 703  | 73  | 540  | 74  | 381  | 59  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| R             |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| ace/Ethnicity |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 593  | 62  | 889  | 90  | 668  | 84  | 366  | 57  |
|  Non-Hispanic |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| > White       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 121  | 30  | 147  | 49  | 116  | 33  | 87   | 33  |
|  Non-Hispanic |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| > Black       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Hispanic    | 259  | 36  | 230  | 47  | 146  | 29  | 195  | 45  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Education     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 292  | 51  | 338  | 60  | 265  | 48  | 172  | 41  |
| > High School |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > High School | 307  | 38  | 329  | 57  | 273  | 54  | 164  | 52  |
| > Graduate    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Some        | 263  | 38  | 296  | 48  | 201  | 34  | 183  | 41  |
| > College     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > College     | 116  | 33  | 306  | 58  | 192  | 43  | 129  | 31  |
| > Graduate    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Marital       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Status        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Married     | 381  | 52  | 646  | 83  | 470  | 64  | 290  | 53  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Widowed or  | 226  | 45  | 311  | 63  | 241  | 54  | 154  | 45  |
| > Divorced or |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| > Separated   |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Never       | 370  | 39  | 311  | 33  | 221  | 30  | 204  | 34  |
| > Married     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Family Income |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 389  | 50  | 412  | 71  | 291  | 55  | 238  | 59  |
| > \$20,000    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$20        | 355  | 53  | 394  | 58  | 327  | 55  | 200  | 51  |
| ,000-\$49,999 |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$50        | 173  | 37  | 234  | 44  | 180  | 34  | 99   | 35  |
| ,000-\$74,999 |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$75,000 or | 61   | 18  | 228  | 45  | 133  | 37  | 111  | 28  |
| > More        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Government    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Assistance^1^ |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Yes         | 231  | 37  | 229  | 43  | 193  | 40  | 139  | 39  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No          | 746  | 76  | 1    | 117 | 738  | 91  | 509  | 73  |
|               |      |     | ,040 |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Health        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Insurance     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Med         | 141  | 36  | 180  | 44  | 163  | 44  | 52   | 23  |
| icaid/CHIP^2^ |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Private     | 442  | 58  | 821  | 99  | 594  | 85  | 402  | 55  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | 161  | 33  | 251  | 56  | 208  | 45  | 80   | 31  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No Coverage | 327  | 50  | 189  | 41  | 119  | 30  | 133  | 21  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| MSAs^3^       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Houston     | 181  | 36  | 224  | 47  | 160  | 37  | 98   | 18  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Dallas      | 206  | 51  | 288  | 59  | 221  | 57  | 132  | 40  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Fort        | 52   | 12  | \*   | \*  | 105  | 37  | 89   | 27  |
| > Wo          |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| rth-Arlington |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Remainder   | 537  | 62  | 613  | 82  | 444  | 64  | 329  | 57  |
| > of Texas    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually exclusive.

Note 2: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) is defined as having a diagnosable
mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that met the criteria found in
the 4^th^ ed. of the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders* (DSM-IV) and resulted in functional impairment that
substantially interfered with or limited one or more major life
activities. Mental Health Treatment is defined as having received
inpatient care, outpatient care, or using prescription medication for
problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not
to include treatment for alcohol or drug use.

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 10 Percentages and Standard Errors of Serious Mental Illness (SMI)
and Mental Health Treatment in the Past Year among Adults Aged 18 or
Older in Texas, by Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| **Soc         | **S  |     | **   |     | **   |     | **U  |     |
| iodemographic | MI** |     | Rece |     | Rece |     | nmet |     |
| Char          |      |     | ived |     | ived |     | Need |     |
| acteristics** |      |     | Any  |     | Pres |     | for  |     |
|               |      |     | Me   |     | crip |     | Me   |     |
|               |      |     | ntal |     | tion |     | ntal |     |
|               |      |     | He   |     | Me   |     | He   |     |
|               |      |     | alth |     | dica |     | alth |     |
|               |      |     | Tre  |     | tion |     | Tre  |     |
|               |      |     | atme |     | for  |     | atme |     |
|               |      |     | nt** |     | Me   |     | nt** |     |
|               |      |     |      |     | ntal |     |      |     |
|               |      |     |      |     | Heal |     |      |     |
|               |      |     |      |     | th** |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
|               | **P  | *   | **P  | *   | **P  | *   | **P  | *   |
|               | erce | *St | erce | *St | erce | *St | erce | *St |
|               | nt** | and | nt** | and | nt** | and | nt** | and |
|               |      | ard |      | ard |      | ard |      | ard |
|               |      | E   |      | E   |      | E   |      | E   |
|               |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |
|               |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Total         | 6.7  | 0   | 8.8  | 0   | 6.4  | 0   | 4.5  | 0   |
|               |      | .59 |      | .88 |      | .66 |      | .52 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Age Group     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 18-25       | 11.2 | 0   | 7.9  | 0   | 5.5  | 0   | 5.4  | 0   |
|               |      | .83 |      | .86 |      | .64 |      | .68 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 26-49       | 7.7  | 0   | 9.9  | 1   | 7.9  | 0   | 4.9  | 0   |
|               |      | .82 |      | .06 |      | .97 |      | .69 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 50 or Older | 3.2  | 0   | 7.6  | 1   | 4.8  | 1   | 3.5  | 1   |
|               |      | .90 |      | .80 |      | .18 |      | .18 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Gender        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Male        | 5.6  | 0   | 8.1  | 1   | 5.6  | 0   | 3.9  | 0   |
|               |      | .83 |      | .17 |      | .82 |      | .76 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Female      | 7.8  | 0   | 9.4  | 0   | 7.2  | 0   | 5.1  | 0   |
|               |      | .80 |      | .98 |      | .98 |      | .79 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| R             |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| ace/Ethnicity |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 7.1  | 0   | 10.6 | 1   | 8.0  | 1   | 4.4  | 0   |
|  Non-Hispanic |      | .74 |      | .08 |      | .00 |      | .68 |
| > White       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 7.4  | 1   | 9.0  | 2   | 7.1  | 2   | 5.3  | 2   |
|  Non-Hispanic |      | .85 |      | .98 |      | .00 |      | .00 |
| > Black       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Hispanic    | 6.5  | 0   | 5.8  | 1   | 3.6  | 0   | 4.9  | 1   |
|               |      | .90 |      | .19 |      | .73 |      | .14 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Education     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 7.9  | 1   | 9.2  | 1   | 7.2  | 1   | 4.7  | 1   |
| > High School |      | .37 |      | .64 |      | .30 |      | .13 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > High School | 8.0  | 0   | 8.6  | 1   | 7.1  | 1   | 4.3  | 1   |
| > Graduate    |      | .99 |      | .49 |      | .40 |      | .36 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Some        | 7.7  | 1   | 8.7  | 1   | 5.9  | 1   | 5.4  | 1   |
| > College     |      | .12 |      | .42 |      | .01 |      | .21 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > College     | 3.3  | 0   | 8.7  | 1   | 5.5  | 1   | 3.7  | 0   |
| > Graduate    |      | .95 |      | .66 |      | .23 |      | .89 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Marital       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Status        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Married     | 4.3  | 0   | 7.4  | 0   | 5.4  | 0   | 3.3  | 0   |
|               |      | .59 |      | .94 |      | .74 |      | .60 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Widowed or  | 8.2  | 1   | 11.5 | 2   | 8.8  | 1   | 5.7  | 1   |
| > Divorced or |      | .64 |      | .33 |      | .97 |      | .64 |
| > Separated   |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Never       | 12.6 | 1   | 10.6 | 1   | 7.5  | 1   | 7.0  | 1   |
| > Married     |      | .33 |      | .11 |      | .01 |      | .17 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Family Income |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 10.9 | 1   | 11.7 | 2   | 8.2  | 1   | 6.8  | 1   |
| > \$20,000    |      | .39 |      | .03 |      | .55 |      | .67 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$20        | 6.3  | 0   | 7.0  | 1   | 5.8  | 0   | 3.5  | 0   |
| ,000-\$49,999 |      | .94 |      | .03 |      | .96 |      | .91 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$50        | 8.5  | 1   | 11.5 | 2   | 8.8  | 1   | 4.9  | 1   |
| ,000-\$74,999 |      | .82 |      | .16 |      | .65 |      | .70 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$75,000 or | 1.9  | 0   | 7.1  | 1   | 4.2  | 1   | 3.5  | 0   |
| > More        |      | .55 |      | .41 |      | .16 |      | .88 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Government    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Assistance^1^ |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Yes         | 12.5 | 2   | 12.5 | 2   | 10.4 | 2   | 7.5  | 2   |
|               |      | .02 |      | .37 |      | .17 |      | .14 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No          | 5.9  | 0   | 8.3  | 0   | 5.9  | 0   | 4.0  | 0   |
|               |      | .60 |      | .93 |      | .72 |      | .58 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Health        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Insurance     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Med         | 14.6 | 3   | 19.3 | 4   | 16.8 | 4   | 5.5  | 2   |
| icaid/CHIP^2^ |      | .76 |      | .75 |      | .49 |      | .41 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Private     | 4.6  | 0   | 8.6  | 1   | 6.2  | 0   | 4.2  | 0   |
|               |      | .61 |      | .03 |      | .89 |      | .58 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | 5.4  | 1   | 8.6  | 1   | 7.0  | 1   | 2.7  | 1   |
|               |      | .10 |      | .91 |      | .51 |      | .06 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No Coverage | 10.9 | 1   | 6.3  | 1   | 4.0  | 1   | 4.4  | 0   |
|               |      | .66 |      | .36 |      | .00 |      | .72 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| MSAs^3^       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Houston     | 7.2  | 1   | 8.9  | 1   | 6.5  | 1   | 3.9  | 0   |
|               |      | .42 |      | .88 |      | .47 |      | .72 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Dallas      | 8.3  | 2   | 11.8 | 2   | 9.0  | 2   | 5.4  | 1   |
|               |      | .07 |      | .43 |      | .33 |      | .63 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Fort        | 3.6  | 0   | \*   | \*  | 7.3  | 2   | 6.2  | 1   |
| > Wo          |      | .82 |      |     |      | .55 |      | .85 |
| rth-Arlington |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Remainder   | 6.7  | 0   | 7.6  | 1   | 5.5  | 0   | 4.1  | 0   |
| > of Texas    |      | .77 |      | .02 |      | .80 |      | .71 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually exclusive.

Note 2: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) is defined as having a diagnosable
mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that met the criteria found in
the 4^th^ ed. of the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders* (DSM-IV) and resulted in functional impairment that
substantially interfered with or limited one or more major life
activities. Mental Health Treatment is defined as having received
inpatient care, outpatient care, or using prescription medication for
problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not
to include treatment for alcohol or drug use.

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 11 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) and Standard Errors of
Co-Occurring Disorders and Treatment in the Past Year among Adults Aged
18 or Older in Texas, by Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| **Soc         | *    |     | **   |     | **   |     | **   |     |
| iodemographic | *SMI |     | Rece |     | Rece |     | Rece |     |
| Char          | and  |     | ived |     | ived |     | ived |     |
| acteristics** | Alc  |     | T    |     | T    |     | T    |     |
|               | ohol |     | reat |     | reat |     | reat |     |
|               | or   |     | ment |     | ment |     | ment |     |
|               | Drug |     | for  |     | for  |     | for  |     |
|               | De   |     | Alc  |     | SMI  |     | Both |     |
|               | pend |     | ohol |     | On   |     | SMI  |     |
|               | ence |     | or   |     | ly** |     | and  |     |
|               | or   |     | D    |     |      |     | Alc  |     |
|               | Ab   |     | rugs |     |      |     | ohol |     |
|               | use^ |     | On   |     |      |     | or   |     |
|               | +^** |     | ly** |     |      |     | Dru  |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | gs** |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
|               | **E  | *   | **E  | *   | **E  | *   | **E  | *   |
|               | stim | *St | stim | *St | stim | *St | stim | *St |
|               | ated | and | ated | and | ated | and | ated | and |
|               | Numb | ard | Numb | ard | Numb | ard | Numb | ard |
|               | er** | E   | er** | E   | er** | E   | er** | E   |
|               |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |
|               |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Total         | 210  | 41  | 93   | 24  | 416  | 65  | 38   | 18  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Age Group     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 18-25       | 92   | 13  | 42   | 10  | 87   | 13  | 6    | 3   |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 26-49       | 90   | 28  | 52   | 20  | 252  | 45  | 32   | 17  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 50 or Older | 28   | 21  | \*   | \*  | 77   | 35  | \*   | \*  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Gender        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Male        | 115  | 28  | 82   | 23  | 149  | 43  | 14   | 11  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Female      | 94   | 26  | 11   | 6   | 267  | 41  | 24   | 14  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| R             |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| ace/Ethnicity |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 128  | 30  | 35   | 15  | 300  | 51  | 36   | 18  |
|  Non-Hispanic |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| > White       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 18   | 10  | 22   | 12  | 74   | 21  | \*   | \*  |
|  Non-Hispanic |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| > Black       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Hispanic    | 64   | 23  | 33   | 13  | 41   | 26  | 2    | 2   |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Education     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 82   | 28  | 22   | 10  | 95   | 31  | 2    | 2   |
| > High School |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > High School | 58   | 19  | 41   | 16  | 145  | 31  | 8    | 6   |
| > Graduate    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Some        | 62   | 18  | 9    | 5   | 122  | 32  | 18   | 13  |
| > College     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > College     | 8    | 8   | 21   | 14  | 54   | 30  | 10   | 10  |
| > Graduate    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Marital       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Status        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Married     | 70   | 28  | 43   | 18  | 115  | 27  | 12   | 10  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Widowed or  | 16   | 9   | 7    | 6   | 155  | 40  | 12   | 9   |
| > Divorced or |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| > Separated   |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Never       | 123  | 21  | 44   | 13  | 146  | 30  | 14   | 10  |
| > Married     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Family Income |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 60   | 16  | 15   | 7   | 189  | 41  | 12   | 7   |
| > \$20,000    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$20        | 103  | 29  | 44   | 15  | 127  | 32  | 10   | 10  |
| ,000-\$49,999 |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$50        | 31   | 17  | 11   | 7   | 88   | 26  | 16   | 11  |
| ,000-\$74,999 |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$75,000 or | 16   | 7   | 24   | 13  | 13   | 9   | \*   | \*  |
| > More        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Government    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Assistance^1^ |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Yes         | 30   | 12  | 22   | 11  | 130  | 38  | 2    | 2   |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No          | 179  | 39  | 71   | 22  | 286  | 51  | 36   | 17  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Health        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Insurance     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Med         | 20   | 11  | \*   | \*  | 95   | 31  | \*   | \*  |
| icaid/CHIP^2^ |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Private     | 107  | 27  | 56   | 21  | 176  | 39  | 18   | 13  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | 18   | 10  | \*   | \*  | 86   | 27  | \*   | \*  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No Coverage | 76   | 24  | 33   | 11  | 117  | 35  | 20   | 12  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| MSAs^3^       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Houston     | 52   | 25  | 30   | 15  | 69   | 27  | \*   | \*  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Dallas      | 37   | 16  | 13   | 7   | 123  | 38  | 10   | 8   |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Fort        | 10   | 2   | 13   | 9   | 15   | 7   | \*   | \*  |
| > Wo          |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| rth-Arlington |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Remainder   | 111  | 28  | 37   | 15  | 210  | 44  | 28   | 16  |
| > of Texas    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

^+^ The estimated number in the population with *both* serious mental
illness (SMI) and substance abuse is expected to be less than the number
with any SMI, as shown in Table 9.

Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually exclusive.

Note 2: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) is defined as having a diagnosable
mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that met the criteria found in
the 4^th^ ed. of the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders* (DSM-IV) and resulted in functional impairment that
substantially interfered with or limited one or more major life
activities. Dependence or abuse is based on the definition found in
DSM-IV.

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 12 Percentages and Standard Errors of Co-Occurring Disorders and
Treatment in the Past Year among Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas, by
Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| **Soc         | *    |     | **   |     | **   |     | **   |     |
| iodemographic | *SMI |     | Rece |     | Rece |     | Rece |     |
| Char          | and  |     | ived |     | ived |     | ived |     |
| acteristics** | Alc  |     | T    |     | T    |     | T    |     |
|               | ohol |     | reat |     | reat |     | reat |     |
|               | or   |     | ment |     | ment |     | ment |     |
|               | Drug |     | for  |     | for  |     | for  |     |
|               | De   |     | Alc  |     | SMI  |     | Both |     |
|               | pend |     | ohol |     | On   |     | SMI  |     |
|               | ence |     | or   |     | ly** |     | and  |     |
|               | or   |     | D    |     |      |     | Alc  |     |
|               | Abu  |     | rugs |     |      |     | ohol |     |
|               | se** |     | On   |     |      |     | or   |     |
|               |      |     | ly** |     |      |     | Dru  |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | gs** |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
|               | **P  | *   | **P  | *   | **P  | *   | **P  | *   |
|               | erce | *St | erce | *St | erce | *St | erce | *St |
|               | nt** | and | nt** | and | nt** | and | nt** | and |
|               |      | ard |      | ard |      | ard |      | ard |
|               |      | E   |      | E   |      | E   |      | E   |
|               |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |
|               |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Total         | 1.4  | 0   | 0.6  | 0   | 2.9  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   |
|               |      | .28 |      | .17 |      | .45 |      | .12 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Age Group     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 18-25       | 3.8  | 0   | 1.7  | 0   | 3.6  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   |
|               |      | .53 |      | .41 |      | .54 |      | .14 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 26-49       | 1.3  | 0   | 0.7  | 0   | 3.6  | 0   | 0.5  | 0   |
|               |      | .40 |      | .29 |      | .64 |      | .24 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 50 or Older | 0.6  | 0   | \*   | \*  | 1.6  | 0   | \*   | \*  |
|               |      | .42 |      |     |      | .70 |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Gender        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Male        | 1.7  | 0   | 1.2  | 0   | 2.1  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   |
|               |      | .41 |      | .34 |      | .62 |      | .15 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Female      | 1.2  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   | 3.6  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   |
|               |      | .35 |      | .08 |      | .55 |      | .19 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| R             |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| ace/Ethnicity |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 1.5  | 0   | 0.4  | 0   | 3.6  | 0   | 0.4  | 0   |
|  Non-Hispanic |      | .36 |      | .18 |      | .61 |      | .21 |
| > White       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 1.1  | 0   | 1.4  | 0   | 4.5  | 1   | \*   | \*  |
|  Non-Hispanic |      | .64 |      | .75 |      | .25 |      |     |
| > Black       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Hispanic    | 1.6  | 0   | 0.8  | 0   | 1.0  | 0   | 0.0  | 0   |
|               |      | .58 |      | .33 |      | .65 |      | .05 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  | \*   | \*  |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Education     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 2.2  | 0   | 0.6  | 0   | 2.6  | 0   | 0.1  | 0   |
| > High School |      | .77 |      | .27 |      | .84 |      | .06 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > High School | 1.5  | 0   | 1.1  | 0   | 3.8  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   |
| > Graduate    |      | .51 |      | .41 |      | .81 |      | .17 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Some        | 1.8  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   | 3.6  | 0   | 0.5  | 0   |
| > College     |      | .53 |      | .15 |      | .95 |      | .37 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > College     | 0.2  | 0   | 0.6  | 0   | 1.5  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   |
| > Graduate    |      | .22 |      | .39 |      | .85 |      | .28 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Marital       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Status        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Married     | 0.8  | 0   | 0.5  | 0   | 1.3  | 0   | 0.1  | 0   |
|               |      | .32 |      | .21 |      | .30 |      | .12 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Widowed or  | 0.6  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   | 5.6  | 1   | 0.5  | 0   |
| > Divorced or |      | .34 |      | .24 |      | .46 |      | .32 |
| > Separated   |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Never       | 4.2  | 0   | 1.5  | 0   | 5.0  | 1   | 0.5  | 0   |
| > Married     |      | .71 |      | .45 |      | .04 |      | .34 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Family Income |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 1.7  | 0   | 0.4  | 0   | 5.3  | 1   | 0.3  | 0   |
| > \$20,000    |      | .46 |      | .20 |      | .16 |      | .20 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$20        | 1.8  | 0   | 0.8  | 0   | 2.2  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   |
| ,000-\$49,999 |      | .52 |      | .27 |      | .57 |      | .18 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$50        | 1.5  | 0   | 0.5  | 0   | 4.3  | 1   | 0.8  | 0   |
| ,000-\$74,999 |      | .83 |      | .36 |      | .28 |      | .56 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$75,000 or | 0.5  | 0   | 0.7  | 0   | 0.4  | 0   | \*   | \*  |
| > More        |      | .20 |      | .42 |      | .27 |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Government    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Assistance^1^ |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Yes         | 1.6  | 0   | 1.2  | 0   | 7.1  | 2   | 0.1  | 0   |
|               |      | .67 |      | .59 |      | .07 |      | .12 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No          | 1.4  | 0   | 0.6  | 0   | 2.3  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   |
|               |      | .31 |      | .18 |      | .41 |      | .14 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Health        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Insurance     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Med         | 2.0  | 1   | \*   | \*  | 9.8  | 3   | \*   | \*  |
| icaid/CHIP^2^ |      | .16 |      |     |      | .21 |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Private     | 1.1  | 0   | 0.6  | 0   | 1.8  | 0   | 0.2  | 0   |
|               |      | .28 |      | .22 |      | .41 |      | .14 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | 0.6  | 0   | \*   | \*  | 2.9  | 0   | \*   | \*  |
|               |      | .34 |      |     |      | .91 |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No Coverage | 2.5  | 0   | 1.1  | 0   | 3.9  | 1   | 0.7  | 0   |
|               |      | .80 |      | .36 |      | .16 |      | .39 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| MSAs^3^       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Houston     | 2.1  | 1   | 1.2  | 0   | 2.8  | 1   | \*   | \*  |
|               |      | .01 |      | .61 |      | .08 |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Dallas      | 1.5  | 0   | 0.5  | 0   | 5.0  | 1   | 0.4  | 0   |
|               |      | .64 |      | .30 |      | .56 |      | .34 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Fort        | 0.7  | 0   | 0.9  | 0   | 1.0  | 0   | \*   | \*  |
| > Wo          |      | .12 |      | .59 |      | .46 |      |     |
| rth-Arlington |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Remainder   | 1.4  | 0   | 0.5  | 0   | 2.6  | 0   | 0.3  | 0   |
| > of Texas    |      | .34 |      | .19 |      | .55 |      | .20 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually exclusive.

Note 2: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) is defined as having a diagnosable
mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that met the criteria found in
the 4^th^ ed. of the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders* (DSM-IV) and resulted in functional impairment that
substantially interfered with or limited one or more major life
activities. Dependence or abuse is based on the definition found in
DSM-IV.

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 13 Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) and Standard Errors of Alcohol
or Illicit Drug Dependence/Abuse or Serious Mental Illness (SMI) and
Treatment Receipt in the Past Year among Adults Aged 18 or Older in
Texas, by Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| **So           | **SMI |       | **Re   |        | **    |        |
| ciodemographic | or    |       | ceived |        | Unmet |        |
| Cha            | Al    |       | Any    |        | Need  |        |
| racteristics** | cohol |       | Tre    |        | for   |        |
|                | or    |       | atment |        | M     |        |
|                | Drug  |       | for    |        | ental |        |
|                | Depen |       | SMI or |        | H     |        |
|                | dence |       | A      |        | ealth |        |
|                | or    |       | lcohol |        | Trea  |        |
|                | Ab    |       | or     |        | tment |        |
|                | use** |       | D      |        | or    |        |
|                |       |       | rugs** |        | Perc  |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | eived |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | Need  |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | for   |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | Al    |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | cohol |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | or    |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | Drug  |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | Treat |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | ment, |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | but   |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | Rec   |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | eived |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | Neit  |        |
|                |       |       |        |        | her** |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
|                | *     | **Sta | **Est  | **St   | *     | **St   |
|                | *Esti | ndard | imated | andard | *Esti | andard |
|                | mated | Er    | Nu     | E      | mated | E      |
|                | Num   | ror** | mber** | rror** | Num   | rror** |
|                | ber** |       |        |        | ber** |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| Total          | 1,785 | 124   | 556    | 73     | 533   | 63     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| Age Group      |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > 18-25        | 592   | 31    | 135    | 16     | 95    | 15     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > 26-49        | 905   | 87    | 343    | 52     | 294   | 47     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > 50 or Older  | 287   | 62    | 77     | 35     | 144   | 54     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| Gender         |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Male         | 991   | 100   | 245    | 51     | 232   | 51     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Female       | 794   | 70    | 311    | 47     | 302   | 53     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| Race/Ethnicity |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Non-Hispanic | 1,038 | 90    | 380    | 59     | 258   | 45     |
| > White        |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Non-Hispanic | 166   | 34    | 96     | 24     | 76    | 32     |
| > Black        |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Hispanic     | 573   | 68    | 76     | 28     | 199   | 43     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Other        | \*    | \*    | \*     | \*     | \*    | \*     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| Education      |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Less Than    | 526   | 75    | 119    | 33     | 156   | 38     |
| > High School  |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > High School  | 492   | 48    | 202    | 34     | 143   | 52     |
| > Graduate     |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Some College | 431   | 53    | 150    | 34     | 117   | 28     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > College      | 335   | 63    | 84     | 32     | 117   | 30     |
| > Graduate     |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| Marital Status |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Married      | 727   | 97    | 170    | 36     | 266   | 49     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Widowed or   | 322   | 52    | 174    | 44     | 115   | 40     |
| > Divorced or  |       |       |        |        |       |        |
| > Separated    |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Never        | 735   | 47    | 211    | 33     | 152   | 30     |
| > Married      |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| Family Income  |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Less Than    | 630   | 60    | 224    | 43     | 187   | 57     |
| > \$20,000     |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > \$2          | 612   | 74    | 180    | 39     | 182   | 49     |
| 0,000-\$49,999 |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > \$5          | 265   | 44    | 114    | 29     | 57    | 21     |
| 0,000-\$74,999 |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > \$75,000 or  | 278   | 54    | 37     | 16     | 107   | 29     |
| > More         |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| Government     |       |       |        |        |       |        |
| Assistance^1^  |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Yes          | 344   | 47    | 163    | 38     | 110   | 40     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > No           | 1,441 | 121   | 393    | 60     | 423   | 64     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| Health         |       |       |        |        |       |        |
| Insurance      |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Me           | 180   | 40    | 100    | 32     | 31    | 18     |
| dicaid/CHIP^2^ |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Private      | 944   | 97    | 250    | 50     | 337   | 46     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Other        | 203   | 41    | 94     | 27     | 60    | 29     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > No Coverage  | 559   | 54    | 170    | 36     | 115   | 20     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| MSAs^3^        |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Houston      | 368   | 58    | 99     | 30     | 73    | 13     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Dallas       | 297   | 59    | 145    | 44     | 98    | 24     |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Fort         | 120   | 30    | 28     | 9      | 76    | 26     |
| > W            |       |       |        |        |       |        |
| orth-Arlington |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+
| > Remainder of | 1,000 | 90    | 283    | 51     | 286   | 53     |
| > Texas        |       |       |        |        |       |        |
+----------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+--------+

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually exclusive.

Note 2: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) is defined as having a diagnosable
mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that met the criteria found in
the 4^th^ ed. of the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders* (DSM-IV) and resulted in functional impairment that
substantially interfered with or limited one or more major life
activities. Dependence or abuse is based on the definition found in
DSM-IV.

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

Table 14 Percentages and Standard Errors of Alcohol or Illicit Drug
Dependence/Abuse or Serious Mental Illness (SMI) and Treatment Receipt
in the Past Year among Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas, by
Sociodemographic Characteristics, 2001 NHSDA

+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| **So           | **SMI |        | **Rec |        | *      |        |
| ciodemographic | or    |        | eived |        | *Unmet |        |
| Cha            | Al    |        | Any   |        | Need   |        |
| racteristics** | cohol |        | Trea  |        | for    |        |
|                | or    |        | tment |        | Mental |        |
|                | Drug  |        | for   |        | Health |        |
|                | Depen |        | SMI   |        | Tre    |        |
|                | dence |        | or    |        | atment |        |
|                | or    |        | Al    |        | or     |        |
|                | Ab    |        | cohol |        | Per    |        |
|                | use** |        | or    |        | ceived |        |
|                |       |        | Dr    |        | Need   |        |
|                |       |        | ugs** |        | for    |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | A      |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | lcohol |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | or     |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | Drug   |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | Trea   |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | tment, |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | but    |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | Re     |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | ceived |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | Nei    |        |
|                |       |        |       |        | ther** |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
|                | *     | **St   | *     | **St   | **Per  | **St   |
|                | *Perc | andard | *Perc | andard | cent** | andard |
|                | ent** | E      | ent** | E      |        | E      |
|                |       | rror** |       | rror** |        | rror** |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| Total          | 12.3  | 0.86   | 3.8   | 0.50   | 3.7    | 0.44   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| Age Group      |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > 18-25        | 24.6  | 1.30   | 5.6   | 0.68   | 4.0    | 0.64   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > 26-49        | 12.8  | 1.23   | 4.9   | 0.73   | 4.2    | 0.67   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > 50 or Older  | 5.8   | 1.25   | 1.6   | 0.70   | 2.9    | 1.09   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| Gender         |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Male         | 14.2  | 1.43   | 3.5   | 0.73   | 3.3    | 0.74   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Female       | 10.5  | 0.93   | 4.1   | 0.63   | 4.0    | 0.71   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| Race/Ethnicity |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Non-Hispanic | 12.4  | 1.07   | 4.5   | 0.70   | 3.1    | 0.54   |
| > White        |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Non-Hispanic | 10.1  | 2.07   | 5.9   | 1.44   | 4.7    | 1.95   |
| > Black        |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Hispanic     | 14.3  | 1.69   | 1.9   | 0.71   | 5.0    | 1.09   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Other        | \*    | \*     | \*    | \*     | \*     | \*     |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| Education      |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Less Than    | 14.3  | 2.02   | 3.3   | 0.89   | 4.3    | 1.03   |
| > High School  |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > High School  | 12.8  | 1.24   | 5.3   | 0.88   | 3.7    | 1.35   |
| > Graduate     |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Some College | 12.7  | 1.57   | 4.4   | 1.01   | 3.4    | 0.83   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > College      | 9.5   | 1.79   | 2.4   | 0.91   | 3.3    | 0.86   |
| > Graduate     |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| Marital Status |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Married      | 8.3   | 1.11   | 1.9   | 0.41   | 3.0    | 0.56   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Widowed or   | 11.7  | 1.91   | 6.3   | 1.61   | 4.2    | 1.47   |
| > Divorced or  |       |        |       |        |        |        |
| > Separated    |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Never        | 25.0  | 1.58   | 7.2   | 1.12   | 5.2    | 1.01   |
| > Married      |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| Family Income  |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Less Than    | 17.6  | 1.67   | 6.3   | 1.21   | 5.3    | 1.62   |
| > \$20,000     |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > \$2          | 10.8  | 1.30   | 3.2   | 0.69   | 3.2    | 0.86   |
| 0,000-\$49,999 |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > \$5          | 13.0  | 2.15   | 5.6   | 1.43   | 2.8    | 1.01   |
| 0,000-\$74,999 |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > \$75,000 or  | 8.7   | 1.68   | 1.2   | 0.49   | 3.4    | 0.90   |
| > More         |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| Government     |       |        |       |        |        |        |
| Assistance^1^  |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Yes          | 18.6  | 2.54   | 8.8   | 2.07   | 6.0    | 2.16   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > No           | 11.4  | 0.96   | 3.1   | 0.47   | 3.4    | 0.51   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| Health         |       |        |       |        |        |        |
| Insurance      |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Me           | 18.6  | 4.12   | 10.3  | 3.25   | 3.2    | 1.91   |
| dicaid/CHIP^2^ |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Private      | 9.8   | 1.01   | 2.6   | 0.52   | 3.5    | 0.48   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Other        | 6.8   | 1.37   | 3.2   | 0.91   | 2.0    | 0.99   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > No Coverage  | 18.6  | 1.81   | 5.7   | 1.22   | 3.9    | 0.67   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| MSAs^3^        |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Houston      | 14.7  | 2.30   | 4.0   | 1.22   | 2.9    | 0.52   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Dallas       | 12.0  | 2.40   | 5.9   | 1.80   | 4.0    | 0.99   |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Fort         | 8.3   | 2.10   | 2.0   | 0.64   | 5.3    | 1.78   |
| > W            |       |        |       |        |        |        |
| orth-Arlington |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+
| > Remainder of | 12.4  | 1.11   | 3.5   | 0.63   | 3.6    | 0.66   |
| > Texas        |       |        |       |        |        |        |
+----------------+-------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+

\*Low precision; no estimate reported.

Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually exclusive.

Note 2: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) is defined as having a diagnosable
mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that met the criteria found in
the 4^th^ ed. of the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders* (DSM-IV) and resulted in functional impairment that
substantially interfered with or limited one or more major life
activities. Dependence or abuse is based on the definition found in
DSM-IV.

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.

**Table 15 Percent Distributions of Selected Characteristics among
Adults Aged 18 or Older in Texas** Who Had Serious Mental Illness (SMI)
or Alcohol/Illicit Drug Dependence/Abuse and Received Treatment and Had
Unmet Need for Treatment in the Past Year, 2001 NHSDA

+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| **Soc         | *    |     | *    |     | **   |     | **U  |     |
| iodemographic | *SMI |     | *Nei |     | Rece |     | nmet |     |
| Char          | or   |     | ther |     | ived |     | Need |     |
| acteristics** | Alc  |     | SMI  |     | Any  |     | for  |     |
|               | ohol |     | nor  |     | T    |     | Me   |     |
|               | or   |     | Alc  |     | reat |     | ntal |     |
|               | Drug |     | ohol |     | ment |     | He   |     |
|               | De   |     | or   |     | for  |     | alth |     |
|               | pend |     | Drug |     | SMI  |     | T    |     |
|               | ence |     | De   |     | or   |     | reat |     |
|               | or   |     | pend |     | Alc  |     | ment |     |
|               | Abu  |     | ence |     | ohol |     | or   |     |
|               | se** |     | or   |     | or   |     | P    |     |
|               |      |     | Abu  |     | Dru  |     | erce |     |
|               |      |     | se** |     | gs** |     | ived |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | Need |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | for  |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | Alc  |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | ohol |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | or   |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | Drug |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | Tr   |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | eatm |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | ent, |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | but  |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | Rece |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | ived |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | N    |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | eith |     |
|               |      |     |      |     |      |     | er** |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
|               | **P  | *   | **P  | *   | **P  | *   | **P  | *   |
|               | erce | *St | erce | *St | erce | *St | erce | *St |
|               | nt** | and | nt** | and | nt** | and | nt** | and |
|               |      | ard |      | ard |      | ard |      | ard |
|               |      | E   |      | E   |      | E   |      | E   |
|               |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |      | rro |
|               |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |      | r** |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Total         | 1    | 0   | 1    | 0   | 1    | 0   | 1    | 0   |
|               | 00.0 | .00 | 00.0 | .00 | 00.0 | .00 | 00.0 | .00 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Age Group     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 18-25       | 33.  | 2   | 14.3 | 0   | 24.3 | 3   | 17.7 | 3   |
|               | 2^a^ | .40 |      | .74 |      | .50 |      | .08 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 26-49       | 50.7 | 3   | 48.7 | 1   | 61.8 | 5   | 55.2 | 7   |
|               |      | .27 |      | .71 |      | .51 |      | .56 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > 50 or Older | 16.  | 3   | 37.0 | 1   | 13.9 | 5   | 27.1 | 7   |
|               | 1^a^ | .12 |      | .94 |      | .70 |      | .92 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Gender        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Male        | 55.  | 3   | 47.0 | 1   | 44.0 | 6   | 43.5 | 7   |
|               | 5^a^ | .36 |      | .61 |      | .32 |      | .89 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Female      | 44.  | 3   | 53.0 | 1   | 56.0 | 6   | 56.5 | 7   |
|               | 5^a^ | .36 |      | .61 |      | .32 |      | .89 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| R             |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| ace/Ethnicity |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 58.1 | 2   | 58.0 | 1   | 68.4 | 5   | 48.3 | 6   |
|  Non-Hispanic |      | .65 |      | .88 |      | .35 |      | .49 |
| > White       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| >             | 9.3  | 1   | 11.6 | 1   | 17.3 | 3   | 14.3 | 5   |
|  Non-Hispanic |      | .71 |      | .22 |      | .75 |      | .57 |
| > Black       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Hispanic    | 32.1 | 2   | 27.0 | 1   | 13.7 | 4   | 37.3 | 6   |
|               |      | .75 |      | .56 |      | .72 |      | .74 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | 0.   | 0   | 3.4  | 0   | 0.6  | 0   | 0.0  | 0   |
|               | 4^a^ | .22 |      | .71 |      | .50 |      | .01 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Education     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 29.5 | 3   | 24.9 | 1   | 21.5 | 4   | 29.3 | 6   |
| > High School |      | .45 |      | .99 |      | .82 |      | .31 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > High School | 27.6 | 2   | 26.4 | 1   | 36.4 | 5   | 26.7 | 8   |
| > Graduate    |      | .79 |      | .49 |      | .38 |      | .70 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Some        | 24.1 | 2   | 23.4 | 1   | 27.0 | 5   | 22.0 | 5   |
| > College     |      | .27 |      | .53 |      | .40 |      | .39 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > College     | 18.8 | 3   | 25.2 | 2   | 15.1 | 5   | 21.9 | 6   |
| > Graduate    |      | .12 |      | .05 |      | .05 |      | .27 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Marital       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Status        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Married     | 40.  | 3   | 63.5 | 1   | 30.6 | 5   | 49.8 | 6   |
|               | 8^a^ | .84 |      | .55 |      | .43 |      | .88 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Widowed or  | 18.0 | 2   | 19.1 | 1   | 31.4 | 5   | 21.6 | 6   |
| > Divorced or |      | .67 |      | .28 |      | .88 |      | .91 |
| > Separated   |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Never       | 41.  | 3   | 17.4 | 0   | 38.0 | 5   | 28.6 | 5   |
| > Married     | 2^a^ | .18 |      | .88 |      | .58 |      | .45 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Family Income |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Less Than   | 35.  | 3   | 23.2 | 1   | 40.3 | 5   | 35.0 | 10  |
| > \$20,000    | 3^a^ | .62 |      | .61 |      | .82 |      | .21 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$20        | 34.3 | 3   | 39.8 | 2   | 32.5 | 6   | 34.2 | 8   |
| ,000-\$49,999 |      | .34 |      | .19 |      | .04 |      | .64 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$50        | 14.9 | 2   | 13.9 | 1   | 20.6 | 4   | 10.6 | 3   |
| ,000-\$74,999 |      | .08 |      | .17 |      | .36 |      | .80 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > \$75,000 or | 15.  | 2   | 23.1 | 2   | 6.6  | 2   | 20.2 | 6   |
| > More        | 6^a^ | .91 |      | .54 |      | .64 |      | .17 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Government    |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Assistance^1^ |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Yes         | 19.  | 3   | 11.8 | 1   | 29.3 | 5   | 20.7 | 7   |
|               | 3^a^ | .09 |      | .12 |      | .86 |      | .66 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No          | 80.  | 3   | 88.2 | 1   | 70.7 | 5   | 79.3 | 7   |
|               | 7^a^ | .09 |      | .12 |      | .86 |      | .66 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| Health        |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
| Insurance     |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Med         | 10.1 | 2   | 6.2  | 0   | 17.9 | 4   | 5.7  | 3   |
| icaid/CHIP^2^ |      | .43 |      | .84 |      | .77 |      | .34 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Private     | 52.  | 3   | 68.3 | 2   | 45.1 | 6   | 63.2 | 5   |
|               | 9^a^ | .23 |      | .17 |      | .68 |      | .70 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Other       | 11.  | 2   | 21.8 | 1   | 16.9 | 4   | 11.2 | 4   |
|               | 4^a^ | .34 |      | .89 |      | .99 |      | .86 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > No Coverage | 31.  | 2   | 19.2 | 1   | 30.5 | 5   | 21.6 | 3   |
|               | 3^a^ | .79 |      | .39 |      | .45 |      | .66 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| MSAs^3^       |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Houston     | 20.6 | 3   | 16.8 | 1   | 17.8 | 4   | 13.8 | 2   |
|               |      | .44 |      | .43 |      | .75 |      | .29 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Dallas      | 16.6 | 2   | 17.1 | 2   | 26.2 | 6   | 18.4 | 3   |
|               |      | .79 |      | .26 |      | .31 |      | .81 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Fort        | 6.7  | 1   | 10.4 | 1   | 5.1  | 2   | 14.2 | 3   |
| > Wo          |      | .54 |      | .59 |      | .14 |      | .14 |
| rth-Arlington |      |     |      |     |      |     |      |     |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+
| > Remainder   | 56.1 | 3   | 55.7 | 2   | 50.9 | 6   | 53.6 | 5   |
| > of Texas    |      | .69 |      | .38 |      | .65 |      | .25 |
+---------------+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+------+-----+

^a^ Those with any serious mental illness (SMI) or substance
dependence/abuse (column 1) are significantly different from those with
neither SMI nor alcohol or drug dependence/abuse (column 2) at *p* \<
0.05. Populations in columns 1 and 2 are mutually exclusive.

Note 1: Respondents with missing information were excluded from the
analyses. The categories of health insurance are not mutually exclusive.

Note 2: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) is defined as having a diagnosable
mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder that met the criteria found in
the 4^th^ ed. of the *Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders* (DSM-IV) and resulted in functional impairment that
substantially interfered with or limited one or more major life
activities. Dependence or abuse is based on the definition found in
DSM-IV.

^1^ Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERAt least one family member
received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), cash assistance or noncash
assistance (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, TANF), or the
family received food stamps in the past year.

^2^ Number range CHAPTERChildren\'s Health Insurance Program.

^3^ The definition for metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is based on
the 1999 U.S. Bureau of the Census definition.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on
Drug Abuse, 2001.