CECW-PG 10 October 2003

MEMORANDUM FOR SEE DISTRIBUTION

SUBJECT: Economic Guidance Memorandum (EGM) 04-01, Generic Depth-Damage
Relationships for Residential Structures with Basements.

1\. [Purpose]{.underline}. The purpose of this memorandum is to release,
and provide guidance for the use of, generic depth-damage curves for use
in U.S. Army Corps of Engineers flood damage reduction studies.

2\. [Background]{.underline}. Proper planning and evaluation of flood
damage reduction projects require knowledge of actual damage caused to
various types of properties. The primary purpose of the Flood Damage
Data Collection Program is to meet that requirement by providing Corps
district offices with standardized relationships for estimating flood
damage and other costs of flooding, based on actual losses from flood
events. Under this program, data have been collected from major flooding
that occurred in various parts of the United States from 1996 through
2001. Damage data collected are based on comprehensive accounting of
losses from flood victims' records. The generic functions developed and
provided in this EGM represent a substantive improvement over other
generalized depth-damage functions such as the Flood Insurance
Administration (FIA) Rate Reviews.

3\. [Results]{.underline}. Generic damage functions are attached for
one-story homes with basement, two or more story homes with basement,
and split-level homes with basement. Generic damage functions for
similar structures without basements were published in 2000 and are
included as enclosure 1 for ready reference.

a\. Regression analysis was used to create the damage functions. While
several independent variables, such as flood duration and flood warning
lead-time, were examined in building the models, the models that were
most efficient in explaining the percent damage to structure and
contents were quadratic and cubic forms with depth as the only
independent variable.

b\. Content damage was modeled with the dependent variable being content
damage as a percentage of structure value. This differs from the
previous technique of first developing content valuations and then
content damage relationships as a function of content valuations. The
generic content damage models are statistically significant and their
use eliminates the need to establish content-to-structure ratios through
surveys.

c\. While the data collected include information on all aspects of
National Economic Development (NED) losses, only results and
recommendations related to the structure and content damages for homes
with basements are included in this EGM.

CECW-PG

SUBJECT: Economic Guidance Memorandum (EGM) 04-01, Generic Depth-Damage
Relationships

Direct costs for cleanup expenses, unpaid hours for cleanup and repair,
emergency damage prevention actions, and other flood-related costs are
not included in these damage functions. Information on other residential
flood costs, beyond those included in these damage functions will found
the summary report, discussed in paragraph 5. These costs should be
developed using site-specific historical information.

4\. [Application]{.underline}. The following paragraphs provide
information on the application of the generic curves within the HEC-FDA
damage calculation program.

a\. The economic section of HEC-FDA divides the quantification of flood
damages into a direct method and an indirect method. The direct method
allows the user to directly enter a stage-damage relationship for any
structure. This approach is commonly used for large or unique properties
such as industrial or pubic buildings. The indirect method quantifies
the stage-damage relationship for a group of structures that have
significant commonality. Typically damage to residential structures is
calculated using the indirect method. The procedures described in the
following paragraphs apply only when using the indirect method to
determine the stage-damage relationship.

b\. The traditional approach to quantifying damage to
[contents]{.underline} by the indirect method relies on three pieces of
information: 1) structure value; 2) content-to-structure value ratio;
and 3) the content depth-damage relationship. The content-to-structure
value ratio and content depth-damage relationship are unique to the
structure occupancy type to which a structure is assigned. The content
depth-damage relationship provides the estimate of content flood damage
as a percentage of content value. Thus, to calculate a content
stage-damage function for an individual structure, the structure value
for an individual structure is first multiplied by the
content-to-structure value ratio to provide an estimate of the content
value. This content value is then multiplied by each percent damage
value of the content depth-damage relationship.

c\. The new content depth-damage functions provided herein are different
from those used by the Corps in the past in one important aspect. The
new functions calculate content damage as a percent of structure value
rather than content value. Using these functions within HEC-FDA requires
care in specifying a content-to-structure value ratio. To understand the
requirements for using the new content depth-damage functions requires a
basic understanding of how HEC-FDA calculates content damage.

(1). To calculate damages by the indirect method, each structure must be
assigned to a structure occupancy type. For each structure occupancy
type a content-to- structure value ratio and content depth-damage
relationship are defined. These data for calculating content damage
within HEC-FDA is entered on the "Study Structure Occupancy Type"
screen. As long as a content value is not entered for a structure in the
Structure Inventory Data, HEC-FDA calculates the content stage-damage by
first calculating content using the structure value multiplied by the
content-to-structure value ratio.

CECW-PG

SUBJECT: Economic Guidance Memorandum (EGM) 04-01, Generic Depth-Damage
Relationships

In some instances, however, analysts develop unique estimates of content
values for a structure, which are entered for the individual structure
on the Structure Inventory Data screen. For each structure that has a
content value entered, calculating a content value by using the
content-to-structure value ratio is ignored and the user entered content
value is used to calculate content damage.

(2). The new content depth-damage functions do not require this
intermediate step of calculating content values. Therefore, the
content-to-structure value ratio for each structure occupancy type using
the new content depth-damage relationships must be set to one hundred
percent (100). This forces the content depth-damage function to be
multiplied by the structure value as required. Also, the "Error
Associated with Content/Structure Value" on the "Study Structure
Occupancy Type" screen should be left blank. This implies that the error
in content-to-structure value ratio is part of the new content
depth-damage relationship.

(3). Because entering a content value on the Structure Inventory Data
window overrides the content-to-structure value ratio, the new content
depth-damage relationships should not be used for structures that have
separately entered content values.

(4). Questions concerning the use of the generic curves within the
HEC-FDA model can be addressed to Dr. David Moser, Institute of Water
Resources (IWR), (703) 428-8066.

5\. [Report]{.underline}. A report summarizing the data collection
effort and analyses performed to derive these curves will shortly be
available on the IWR website. More information may be obtained by
contacting the program's principal investigator, Stuart Davis, (703)
428-7086.

6\. [Waiver to Policy]{.underline}. These curves are developed for
nation-wide applicability in flood damage reduction studies. When using
these curves, the requirement to develop site-specific depth-damage
curves contained in ER 1105-2-100, E-19q.(2) is waived. Additionally,
the requirement to develop content valuations and content-to-structure
ratios based on site-specific or comparable floodplain information, ER
1005-2-100, E-19q.(1)(a), is also waived. Note these waivers currently
apply only to single-family homes with and without basements for which
generic curves have been published, and not other categories of flood
inundation damages for which no generic curves exist. Feasibility
reports must state the generic curves are being used in the flood damage
analysis for residential structures with and/or without basements. Use
of these curves is optional and analysts should always endeavor to use
the best available information to accurately quantify the damages and
benefits in inundation reduction studies.

CECW-PG

SUBJECT: Economic Guidance Memorandum (EGM) 04-01, Generic Depth-Damage
Relationships

7\. [Point of Contact]{.underline}. Administrators of the Flood Damage
Data Collection Program continue to collect and analyze flood-related
damages to both residential and commercial properties. The HQUSACE
program monitor is Lillian Almodovar, (202) 761-4233, who can address
any questions concerning the program.

#### 

FOR THE COMMANDER:

/s/

Encl WILLIAM R. DAWSON, P.E.

Chief, Planning and Policy Division

Directorate of Civil Works

CECW-PG

SUBJECT: Economic Guidance Memorandum (EGM) 04-01, Generic Depth-Damage
Relationships

DISTRIBUTION:

North Atlantic Division, ATTN: CENAD-ET-P

South Atlantic Division, ATTN: CESAD-ET-P

Great Lakes/Ohio River Division: ATTN: CELRD-E-P

Northwestern Division, ATTN: CENWD-PNP-ET-P

Pacific Ocean Division, ATTN: CEPOD-ET-E

South Pacific Division, ATTN: CESPD-ET-P

Southwestern Division, ATTN: CESWD-ET-P

Mississippi Valley Division: ATTN: CEMVD-PM

####  

#### 

#### DAMAGE FUNCTIONS 

#### FOR SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL 

#### STRUCTURES WITH BASEMENTS

#### 

#### *Structure Depth-Damage*

+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| **Table 1** |                         |                             |
|             |                         |                             |
| **          |                         |                             |
| Structure** |                         |                             |
|             |                         |                             |
| **One       |                         |                             |
| Story, With |                         |                             |
| Basement**  |                         |                             |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Depth       | Mean of Damage          | Standard Deviation of       |
|             |                         | Damage                      |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -8          | 0%                      | 0                           |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -7          | 0.7%                    | 1.34                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -6          | 0.8%                    | 1.06                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -5          | 2.4%                    | 0.94                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -4          | 5.2%                    | 0.91                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -3          | 9.0%                    | 0.88                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -2          | 13.8%                   | 0.85                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -1          | 19.4%                   | 0.83                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 0           | 25.5%                   | 0.85                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 1           | 32.0%                   | 0.96                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 2           | 38.7%                   | 1.14                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 3           | 45.5%                   | 1.37                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 4           | 52.2%                   | 1.63                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 5           | 58.6%                   | 1.89                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 6           | 64.5%                   | 2.14                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 7           | 69.8%                   | 2.35                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 8           | 74.2%                   | 2.52                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 9           | 77.7%                   | 2.66                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 10          | 80.1%                   | 2.77                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 11          | 81.1%                   | 2.88                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 12          | 81.1%                   | 2.88                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 13          | 81.1%                   | 2.88                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 14          | 81.1%                   | 2.88                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 15          | 81.1%                   | 2.88                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 16          | 81.1%                   | 2.88                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+

+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| **Table 2** |                         |                             |
|             |                         |                             |
| **          |                         |                             |
| Structure** |                         |                             |
|             |                         |                             |
| **Two or    |                         |                             |
| More        |                         |                             |
| Stories,    |                         |                             |
| With        |                         |                             |
| Basement**  |                         |                             |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Depth       | Mean of Damage          | Standard Deviation of       |
|             |                         | Damage                      |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -8          | 0.0%                    | 0.00                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -7          | 1.7%                    | 2.70                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -6          | 1.9%                    | 2.11                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -5          | 2.9%                    | 1.80                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -4          | 4.7%                    | 1.66                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -3          | 7.2%                    | 1.56                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -2          | 10.2%                   | 1.47                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -1          | 13.9%                   | 1.37                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 0           | 17.9%                   | 1.32                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 1           | 22.3%                   | 1.35                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 2           | 27.0%                   | 1.50                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 3           | 31.9%                   | 1.75                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 4           | 36.9%                   | 2.04                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 5           | 41.9%                   | 2.34                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 6           | 46.9%                   | 2.63                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 7           | 51.8%                   | 2.89                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 8           | 56.4%                   | 3.13                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 9           | 60.8%                   | 3.38                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 10          | 64.8%                   | 3.71                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 11          | 68.4%                   | 4.22                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 12          | 71.4%                   | 5.02                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 13          | 73.7%                   | 6.19                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 14          | 75.4%                   | 7.79                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 15          | 76.4%                   | 9.84                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 16          | 76.4%                   | 12.36                       |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+

+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| **Table 3** |                         |                             |
|             |                         |                             |
| **          |                         |                             |
| Structure** |                         |                             |
|             |                         |                             |
| **Split     |                         |                             |
| Level, With |                         |                             |
| Basement**  |                         |                             |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Depth       | Mean of Damage          | Standard Deviation of       |
|             |                         | Damage                      |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -8          |                         |                             |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -7          |                         |                             |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -6          | 2.5%                    | 1.8%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -5          | 3.1%                    | 1.6%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -4          | 4.7%                    | 1.5%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -3          | 7.2%                    | 1.6%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -2          | 10.4%                   | 1.6%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -1          | 14.2%                   | 1.6%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 0           | 18.5%                   | 1.6%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 1           | 23.2%                   | 1.7%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 2           | 28.2%                   | 1.9%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 3           | 33.4%                   | 2.1%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 4           | 38.6%                   | 2.4%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 5           | 43.8%                   | 2.6%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 6           | 48.8%                   | 2.9%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 7           | 53.5%                   | 3.2%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 8           | 57.8%                   | 3.4%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 9           | 61.6%                   | 3.6%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 10          | 64.8%                   | 3.9%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 11          | 67.2%                   | 4.2%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 12          | 68.8%                   | 4.8%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 13          | 69.3%                   | 5.7%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 14          | 69.3%                   | 5.7%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 15          | 69.3%                   | 5.7%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 16          | 69.3%                   | 5.7%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+

## Content Depth-Damage

+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| **Table 4**  |                          |                            |
|              |                          |                            |
| **Content**  |                          |                            |
|              |                          |                            |
| **One Story, |                          |                            |
| With         |                          |                            |
| Basement**   |                          |                            |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Depth        | Mean of Damage           | Standard Deviation of      |
|              |                          | Damage                     |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -8           | 0.0%                     | 0.00                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -7           | 0.8%                     | 1.16                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -6           | 2.1%                     | 0.92                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -5           | 3.7%                     | 0.81                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -4           | 5.7%                     | 0.78                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -3           | 8.0%                     | 0.76                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -2           | 10.5%                    | 0.74                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -1           | 13.2%                    | 0.72                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 0            | 16.0%                    | 0.74                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 1            | 18.9%                    | 0.83                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 2            | 21.8%                    | 0.98                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 3            | 24.7%                    | 1.17                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 4            | 27.4%                    | 1.39                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 5            | 30.0%                    | 1.60                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 6            | 32.4%                    | 1.81                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 7            | 34.5%                    | 1.99                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 8            | 36.3%                    | 2.13                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 9            | 37.7%                    | 2.25                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 10           | 38.6%                    | 2.35                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 11           | 39.1%                    | 2.45                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 12           | 39.1%                    | 2.45                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 13           | 39.1%                    | 2.45                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 14           | 39.1%                    | 2.45                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 15           | 39.1%                    | 2.45                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 16           | 39.1%                    | 2.45                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+

+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| **Table 5** |                         |                             |
|             |                         |                             |
| **Content** |                         |                             |
|             |                         |                             |
| **Two or    |                         |                             |
| More        |                         |                             |
| S           |                         |                             |
| tories-With |                         |                             |
| Basement**  |                         |                             |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Depth       | Mean of Damage          | Standard Deviation of       |
|             |                         | Damage                      |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -8          | 0%                      | 0                           |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -7          | 1.0%                    | 2.27                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -6          | 2.3%                    | 1.76                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -5          | 3.7%                    | 1.49                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -4          | 5.2%                    | 1.37                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -3          | 6.8%                    | 1.29                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -2          | 8.4%                    | 1.21                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -1          | 10.1%                   | 1.13                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 0           | 11.9%                   | 1.09                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 1           | 13.8%                   | 1.11                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 2           | 15.7%                   | 1.23                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 3           | 17.7%                   | 1.43                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 4           | 19.8%                   | 1.67                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 5           | 22.0%                   | 1.92                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 6           | 24.3%                   | 2.15                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 7           | 26.7%                   | 2.36                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 8           | 29.1%                   | 2.56                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 9           | 31.7%                   | 2.76                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 10          | 34.4%                   | 3.04                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 11          | 37.2%                   | 3.46                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 12          | 40.0%                   | 4.12                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 13          | 43.0%                   | 5.08                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 14          | 46.1%                   | 6.39                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 15          | 49.3%                   | 8.08                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 16          | 52.6%                   | 10.15                       |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+

+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| **Table 6**  |                          |                            |
|              |                          |                            |
| **Content**  |                          |                            |
|              |                          |                            |
| **Spli       |                          |                            |
| t-Level-With |                          |                            |
| Basement**   |                          |                            |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Depth        | Mean of Damage           | Standard Deviation of      |
|              |                          | Damage                     |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -8           | 0.0%                     | 0.00                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -7           | 0.7%                     | 1.49                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -6           | 1.4%                     | 1.14                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -5           | 2.4%                     | 1.01                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -4           | 3.8%                     | 1.00                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -3           | 5.4%                     | 1.02                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -2           | 7.3%                     | 1.03                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -1           | 9.4%                     | 1.04                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 0            | 11.6%                    | 1.06                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 1            | 13.8%                    | 1.12                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 2            | 16.1%                    | 1.23                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 3            | 18.2%                    | 1.38                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 4            | 20.2%                    | 1.57                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 5            | 22.1%                    | 1.76                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 6            | 23.6%                    | 1.95                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 7            | 24.9%                    | 2.13                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 8            | 25.8%                    | 2.28                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 9            | 26.3%                    | 2.44                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 10           | 26.3%                    | 2.44                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 11           | 26.3%                    | 2.44                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 12           | 26.3%                    | 2.44                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 13           | 26.3%                    | 2.44                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 14           | 26.3%                    | 2.44                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 15           | 26.3%                    | 2.44                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 16           | 26.3%                    | 2.44                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+

#### ENCLOSURE

#### DAMAGE FUNCTIONS 

#### FOR SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL 

## STRUCTURES WITHOUT BASEMENTS

+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| **          |                         |                             |
| Structure** |                         |                             |
|             |                         |                             |
| **One       |                         |                             |
| Story, No   |                         |                             |
| Basement**  |                         |                             |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| **Depth**   | **Mean of Damage**      | **Standard Deviation of     |
|             |                         | Damage**                    |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -2          | 0%                      | 0%                          |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -1          | 2.5%                    | 2.7%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 0           | 13.4%                   | 2.0%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 1           | 23.3%                   | 1.6%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 2           | 32.1%                   | 1.6%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 3           | 40.1%                   | 1.8%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 4           | 47.1%                   | 1.9%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 5           | 53.2%                   | 2.0%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 6           | 58.6%                   | 2.1%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 7           | 63.2%                   | 2.2%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 8           | 67.2%                   | 2.3%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 9           | 70.5%                   | 2.4%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 10          | 73.2%                   | 2.7%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 11          | 75.4%                   | 3.0%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 12          | 77.2%                   | 3.3%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 13          | 78.5%                   | 3.7%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 14          | 79.5%                   | 4.1%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 15          | 80.2%                   | 4.5%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 16          | 80.7%                   | 4.9%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+

+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| **          |                         |                             |
| Structure** |                         |                             |
|             |                         |                             |
| **Two or    |                         |                             |
| More        |                         |                             |
| Stories-No  |                         |                             |
| Basement**  |                         |                             |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| **Depth**   | **Mean of Damage**      | **Standard Deviation of     |
|             |                         | Damage**                    |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -2          | 0%                      | 0%                          |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| -1          | 3.0%                    | 4.1%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 0           | 9.3%                    | 3.4%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 1           | 15.2%                   | 3.0%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 2           | 20.9%                   | 2.8%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 3           | 26.3%                   | 2.9%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 4           | 31.4%                   | 3.2%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 5           | 36.2%                   | 3.4%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 6           | 40.7%                   | 3.7%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 7           | 44.9%                   | 3.9%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 8           | 48.8%                   | 4.0%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 9           | 52.4%                   | 4.1%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 10          | 55.7%                   | 4.2%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 11          | 58.7%                   | 4.2%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 12          | 61.4%                   | 4.2%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 13          | 63.8%                   | 4.2%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 14          | 65.9%                   | 4.3%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 15          | 67.7%                   | 4.6%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+
| 16          | 69.2%                   | 5.0%                        |
+-------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+

+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| **          |                         |                              |
| Structure** |                         |                              |
|             |                         |                              |
| **Spl       |                         |                              |
| it-Level-No |                         |                              |
| Basement**  |                         |                              |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| **Depth**   | **Mean of Damage**      | **Standard Deviation of      |
|             |                         | Damage**                     |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| -2          | 0%                      | 0%                           |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| -1          | 6.4%                    | 2.9%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 0           | 7.2%                    | 2.1%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 1           | 9.4%                    | 1.9%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 2           | 12.9%                   | 1.9%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 3           | 17.4%                   | 2.0%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 4           | 22.8%                   | 2.2%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 5           | 28.9%                   | 2.4%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 6           | 35.5%                   | 2.7%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 7           | 42.3%                   | 3.2%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 8           | 49.2%                   | 3.8%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 9           | 56.1%                   | 4.5%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 10          | 62.6%                   | 5.3%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 11          | 68.6%                   | 6.0%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 12          | 73.9%                   | 6.7%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 13          | 78.4%                   | 7.4%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 14          | 81.7%                   | 7.9%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 15          | 83.8%                   | 8.3%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+
| 16          | 84.4%                   | 8.7%                         |
+-------------+-------------------------+------------------------------+

+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| **Content**  |                          |                            |
|              |                          |                            |
| **One Story, |                          |                            |
| No           |                          |                            |
| Basement**   |                          |                            |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| **Depth**    | **Mean of Damage**       | **Standard Deviation of    |
|              |                          | Damage**                   |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -2           | 0%                       | 0%                         |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| -1           | 2.4%                     | 2.1%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 0            | 8.1%                     | 1.5%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 1            | 13.3%                    | 1.2%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 2            | 17.9%                    | 1.2%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 3            | 22.0%                    | 1.4%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 4            | 25.7%                    | 1.5%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 5            | 28.8%                    | 1.6%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 6            | 31.5%                    | 1.6%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 7            | 33.8%                    | 1.7%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 8            | 35.7%                    | 1.8%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 9            | 37.2%                    | 1.9%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 10           | 38.4%                    | 2.1%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 11           | 39.2%                    | 2.3%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 12           | 39.7%                    | 2.6%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 13           | 40.0%                    | 2.9%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 14           | 40.0%                    | 3.2%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 15           | 40.0%                    | 3.5%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| 16           | 40.0%                    | 3.8%                       |
+--------------+--------------------------+----------------------------+

+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| **Content** |                            |                          |
|             |                            |                          |
| **Two or    |                            |                          |
| More        |                            |                          |
| Stories-No  |                            |                          |
| Basement**  |                            |                          |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| **Depth**   | **Mean of Damage**         | **Standard Deviation of  |
|             |                            | Damage**                 |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| -2          | 0%                         | 0%                       |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| -1          | 1.0%                       | 3.5%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 0           | 5.0%                       | 2.9%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 1           | 8.7%                       | 2.6%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 2           | 12.2%                      | 2.5%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 3           | 15.5%                      | 2.5%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 4           | 18.5%                      | 2.7%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 5           | 21.3%                      | 3.0%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 6           | 23.9%                      | 3.2%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 7           | 26.3%                      | 3.3%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 8           | 28.4%                      | 3.4%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 9           | 30.3%                      | 3.5%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 10          | 32.0%                      | 3.5%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 11          | 33.4%                      | 3.5%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 12          | 34.7%                      | 3.5%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 13          | 35.6%                      | 3.5%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 14          | 36.4%                      | 3.6%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 15          | 36.9%                      | 3.8%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 16          | 37.2%                      | 4.2%                     |
+-------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+

+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| **Content**  |                            |                          |
|              |                            |                          |
| **Sp         |                            |                          |
| lit-Level-No |                            |                          |
| Basement**   |                            |                          |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| **Depth**    | **Mean of Damage**         | **Standard Deviation of  |
|              |                            | Damage**                 |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| -2           | 0%                         | 0%                       |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| -1           | 2.2%                       | 2.2%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 0            | 2.9%                       | 1.5%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 1            | 4.7%                       | 1.2%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 2            | 7.5%                       | 1.3%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 3            | 11.1%                      | 1.4%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 4            | 15.3%                      | 1.5%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 5            | 20.1%                      | 1.6%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 6            | 25.2%                      | 1.8%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 7            | 30.5%                      | 2.1%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 8            | 35.7%                      | 2.5%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 9            | 40.9%                      | 3.0%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 10           | 45.8%                      | 3.5%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 11           | 50.2%                      | 4.1%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 12           | 54.1%                      | 4.6%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 13           | 57.2%                      | 5.0%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 14           | 59.4%                      | 5.4%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 15           | 60.5%                      | 5.7%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+
| 16           | 60.5%                      | 6.0%                     |
+--------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+

####