# A Profile

# of

# Older Americans: 2002 

![](media/image1.png){width="1.78125in" height="1.7638888888888888in"}

# Administration on Aging

# U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 

# Table of Contents

**Highlights**....................................................................................................
1

**The Older
Population**.....................................................................................
2

**Future
Growth**.............................................................................................
3

Figure 1: Number of Persons 65+, 1900 - 2030 (numbers in millions)

**Marital
Status**..............................................................................................
4

Figure 2: Marital Status of Persons 65+ - 2001

**Living
Arrangements**.....................................................................................
5

Figure 3:  Living Arrangements of Persons 65+: 2000\*

**Racial and Ethnic
Composition**..........................................................................
6

**Geographic
Distribution**..................................................................................
6

> Figure 4: Persons 65+ as Percentage of Total Population by State: 2000
> (US Map)
>
> Figure 5: Percentage Increase in Population 65+ by State: 2000 (US
> Map)
>
> Figure 6: The 65+ Population by State: 2000 (table)

**Income**
.....................................................................................................
10

Figure 7: Percent Distribution by Income: 2001

**Poverty**
................................\.....................................................................
11

**Housing**
...................................................................................................
11

**Employment**
..............................................................................................
12

**Education**
.................................................................................................
12

**Health, Health Care, and Disability**
..................................................................... 12

Figure 8: Percent With Disabilities, By Age: 1997

**Special Topic:** **The Older Foreign Born Population**
.............................................. 14

**Notes**
.................................................................................................
14

**Highlights \***

-   The older population (65+) numbered 35.0 million in 2000 (the most
    recent year for which data are available), an increase of
    3.7 million or 12.0% since 1990.

-   The number of Americans aged 45-64 -- who will reach 65 over the
    next two decades -- increased by 34% during this decade.

-   About one in every eight, or 12.4 percent, of the population is an
    older American.

-   Over 2.0 million persons celebrated their 65th birthday in 2000
    (5,574 per day).

-   Persons reaching age 65 have an average life expectancy of an
    additional 17.9 years (19.2 years for females and 16.3 years for
    males).

-   Older women outnumber older men at 20.6 million older women to 14.4
    million older men.

-   About 30 percent (9.7 million) noninstitutionalized older persons
    live alone (7.4 million women, 2.4 million men).

-   Half of older women age 75+ live alone.

-   Almost 400,000 grandparents aged 65 or more had the primary
    responsibility for their grandchildren who lived with them.

-   By the year 2030, the older population will more than double to
    about 70 million.

-   The 85+ population is projected to increase from 4.2 million in 2000
    to 8.9 million in 2030.

-   Members of minority groups are projected to represent 25 percent of
    the older population in 2030, up from 16 percent in 2000.

-   The median income of older persons in 2001 was \$19,688 for males
    and \$11,313 for females. Real median income (after adjusting for
    inflation) fell by -2.6% for older people since 2000.

-   The Social Security Administration reported that the major sources
    of income for older people was:

    -   Social Security (reported by 90 percent of older persons),

    -   Income from assets (reported by 59 percent),

    -   Public and private pensions (reported by 41 percent), and

    -   Earnings (reported by 22 percent).

-   About 3.4 million older persons lived below the poverty level
    in 2001. The poverty rate for persons 65+ continued at a
    historically low rate of 10.1 percent. Another 2.2 million older
    adults were classified as \"near poor\" (income between poverty
    level and 125 percent of this level).

######### 

\*Principal sources of data for the Profile are the U.S. Bureau of the
Census, the National Center on Health Statistics, and the Bureau of
Labor Statistics. The Profile incorporates the latest data available but
not all items are updated on an annual basis.

#########  

######### 

######### The Older Population

The older population\--persons 65 years or older\--numbered 35.0 million
in 2000 (the most recent year for which data are available). They
represented 12.4% of the U.S. population, about one in every eight
Americans. The number of older Americans increased by 3.7 million or
12.0% since 1990, compared to an increase of 13.3% for the under-65
population. However, the number of Americans aged 45-64 -- who will
reach 65 over the next two decades -- increased by 34% during this
period.

In 2000, there were 20.6 million older women and 14.4 million older men,
or a sex ratio of 143 women for every 100 men. The female to male sex
ratio increases with age, ranging from 117 for the 65-69 age group to a
high of 245 for persons 85 and over.

Since 1900, the percentage of Americans 65+ has more than tripled (4.1%
in 1900 to 12.4% in 2000), and the number has increased eleven times
(from 3.1 million to 35.0 million). The older population itself is
getting older. In 2000, the 65-74 age group (18.4 million) was eight
times larger than in 1900, but the 75-84 group (12.4 million) was 16
times larger and the 85+ group (4.2 million) was 34 times larger.

In 2000, persons reaching age 65 had an average life expectancy of an
additional 17.9 years (19.2 years for females and 16.3 years for males).

A child born in 2000 could expect to live 76.9 years, about 29 years
longer than a child born in 1900. Much of this increase occurred because
of reduced death rates for children and young adult. However, the past
two decades have also seen reduced death rates for the population aged
65-84, especially for men -- by 19% for men aged 65-74 and by 16% for
men aged 75-84. Life expectancy at age 65 increased by only 2.4 years
between 1900 and 1960, but has increased by 3.7 years since 1960.

Over 2.0 million persons celebrated their 65th birthday in 2000 (5,574
per day). In the same year, about 1.8 million persons 65 or older died,
resulting in an annual net increase of approximately 238,000 (650 per
day).

There were 50,545 persons aged 100 or more in 2000 (0.02% of the total
population). This is a 35% increase from the 1990 figure of 37,306.

***(Data for this section were compiled primarily from Internet releases
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census and the National Center for Health
Statistics).***

\- 2-

Future Growth

The older population will continue to grow significantly in the future
([see Figure 1]{.underline}). This growth  slowed somewhat during the
1990\'s because of the relatively small number of babies born during the
Great Depression of the 1930\'s. But the older population will burgeon
between the years 2010 and 2030 when the \"baby boom\" generation
reaches age 65.

By 2030, there will be about 70 million older persons, more than twice
their number in 2000. People 65+ represented 12.4% of the population in
the year 2000 but are expected to grow to be 20% of the population by
2030.

Minority populations are projected to represent 25.4% of the elderly
population in 2030, up from 16.4% in 2000. Between 1999 and 2030, the
white\*\* population 65+ is projected to increase by 81% compared with
219% for older minorities, including Hispanics (328%),
African-Americans\*\* (131%), American Indians, Eskimos, and Aleuts\*\*
(147%), and Asians and Pacific Islanders\*\* (285%).

***(Sources:*** ***"Projections of the Total Resident Population by 5
Year Age Groups, Race, and Hispanic Origin with Special Age Categories:
Middle Series, 1999 to 2000," U.S. Census Internet Release Date: January
13,2000 with \"Population Projections of the United States by Age, Sex,
Race and Hispanic Origin: 1995-2050,\" Current Population Reports,
P25-1130. Data for 2000 are from the 2000 Census.)***

![](media/image2.wmf)

***Note: Increments in years are uneven. Based on data from the U.S.
Bureau of the Census***

\- 3-

Marital Status

In 2001, older men were much more likely to be married as older
women\--73% of men, 41% of women (Figure 2). Almost half of all older
women in 2001 were widows (46%). There were over four times as many
widows (8.9 million) as widowers (2.0 million).

Divorced and separated (including married-spouse absent) older persons
represented only 10% of all older persons in 2001. However, this
percentage has increased since 1990, when approximately 7% of the older
population were divorced or separated/spouse absent.

![](media/image3.wmf)

***(Based on Internet releases of data from the 2002 Current Population
Survey of the U.S. Bureau of the Census)***

\- 4 -

### Living Arrangements

Over half (55%) the older noninstitutionalized persons lived with their
spouse in 2000. Approximately 10.1 million or 73% of older men, and 7.7
million or 41% of older women, lived with their spouse (Figure 3). The
proportion living with their spouse decreased with age, especially for
women. Only 28.8% of women 75+ years old lived with a spouse.

About 30% (9.7 million) of all noninstitutionalized older persons in
2000 lived alone (7.4 million women, 2.4 million men). They represented
40% of older women and 17% of older men. The proportion living alone
increases with advanced age. Among women aged 75 and over, for example,
half (49.4%) lived alone.

About 633,000 grandparents aged 65 or over maintained households in
which grandchildren were present in 1997. In addition, 510,000
grandparents over 65 years lived in parent- maintained households in
which their grandchildren were present. In 2000, almost 400,000
grandparents over 65 years old were the persons with primary
responsibility for their grandchildren who lived with them.

While a relatively small number (1.56 million) and percentage (4.5%) of
the 65+ population lived in nursing homes in 2000, the percentage
increases dramatically with age, ranging from 1.1% for persons 65-74
years to 4.7% for persons 75-84 years and 18.2% for persons 85+.

###### Figure 3:  Living Arrangements of Persons 65+: 2000\*

![](media/image4.wmf) ![](media/image5.wmf)

***(Based on data from U.S. Bureau of the Census.  See: \"America's
Families and Living Arrangements; Population Characteristics: June,
2001, Current Population Reports, P20-537" and** **"The 65 Years and
Over Population: 2000, Census 2000 Brief, October, 2001" as well as
other Census 2000 data.)***

\- 5 -

### Racial and Ethnic Composition

In 2000, 16.4% of persons 65+ were minorities\--8.0% were
African-Americans,\*\* 2.4% were Asian or Pacific Islander,\*\* and less
than 1% were American Indian or Native Alaskan.\*\* Persons of Hispanic
origin (who may be of any race) represented 5.6% of the older
population. In addition, 0.8% of persons 65+ identified themselves as
being of two or more races.

Only 6.6% of minority race and Hispanic populations were 65+ in 2000
(8.2% of African-Americans,\*\* 7.8% of Asians and Pacific
Islanders,\*\* 6.0% of American Indians and Native Alaskans,\*\* 4.9% of
Hispanics), compared with 15.0% of whites.\*\*

***(Data for this section were compiled from Internet releases*** ***of
the Census*** ***2000 data).***

### Geographic Distribution

In 2000, about half (52%) of persons 65+ lived in nine states.
California had over 3.6 million; Florida 2.8 million; New York 2.4
million; Texas 2.1 million; and Pennsylvania 1.9 million.  Ohio,
Illinois, Michigan, and New Jersey each had well over 1 million (Figure
4).

Person 65+ constituted 14.0% or more of the total population in 9 states
in 2000 ([Figure 4](http://www.aoa.gov/aoa/STATS/profile/#figure4)):
Florida (17.6%); Pennsylvania (15.6%); West Virginia (15.3%); Iowa
(14.9%); North Dakota (14.7%); Rhode Island (14.5%); Maine (14.4); South
Dakota (14.3); and Arkansas (14.0%). In fourteen states, the 65+
population increased by 20% or more between 1990 and 2000 (Figure 5):
Nevada (71.5%); Alaska (59.6%); Arizona (39.5%); New Mexico (30.1%);
Hawaii (28.5%); Utah (26.9%); Colorado (26.3%); Delaware (26.0%); South
Carolina (22.3%); Wyoming (22.2%); Texas (20.7%); North Carolina
(20.5%); Idaho (20.3%); and Georgia (20.0%). The eleven jurisdictions
with the highest poverty rates for elderly over the period 1998-2000
were Mississippi (17.7%); Louisiana (16.8%); District of Columbia
(16.7%); Alabama (15.3%); Tennessee (15.2%); Arkansas (15.2%); New
Mexico (14.5%); Kentucky (13.3%); West Virginia (13.2%); New York
(13.1%); and Texas (13.0%).

Most persons 65+ lived in metropolitan areas in 2000 (77.5%). About 50%
of older persons lived in the suburbs, 27% lived in central cities, and
23% lived in nonmetropolitan areas.

The elderly are less likely to change residence than other age groups.
In 1999 only 4.2% of elderly households had moved since 1998 (compared
to 16.5% of persons under 65). Among the movers, home ownership declined
from 60% to 48%.

**(Data for this section and for *Figure 4* were compiled primarily from
Internet releases of the U.S. Bureau of the Census).**

\- 6 -

**Figure 4: Persons 65+ as a Percentage of Total Population  - 2000**

###### 

***Based on*** ***Census 2000*** ***Data from the U.S. Bureau of the
Census\
***

\- 7 -

###### Figure 5:  Percentage Increase in Population 65+ \-- 1990 to 2000

**Based on Census 2000 and 1990 Census Data.\
**

\- 8 -

  ---------------------- ------------- ----------- ------------- -------------
  **Figure 6: The 65+                                            
  Population by State                                            
  2000**                                                         

  **Numbers**            **Number of   **Percent   **Percent     **Percent
                         Persons**     of All      Increase      Below Poverty
                                       Ages**      1990-2000**   1999-2001**

  **US Total**           34,991,753    12.4        12.0%         9.9

  **Alabama**            579,798       13.0        10.9%         14.8

  **Alaska**             35,699        5.7         59.6%         5.9

  **Arizona**            667,839       13.0        39.5%         7.7

  **Arkansas**           374,019       14.0        6.8%          14.2

  **California**         3,595,658     10.6        14.7%         8.0

  **Colorado**           416,073       9.7         26.3%         6.3

  **Connecticut**        470,183       13.8        5.4%          8.4

  **Delaware**           101,726       13.0        26.0%         6.9

  **District of          69,898        12.2        -10.2%        16.7
  Columbia**                                                     

  **Florida**            2,807,597     17.6        18.5%         9.0

  **Georgia**            785,275       9.6         20.0%         12.4

  **Hawaii**             160,601       13.3        28.5%         7.4

  **Idaho**              145,916       11.3        20.3%         7.9

  **Illinois**           1,500,025     12.1        4.4%          8.3

  **Indiana**            752,831       12.4        8.1%          7.8

  **Iowa**               436,213       14.9        2.4%          6.3

  **Kansas**             356,229       13.3        4.0%          6.8

  **Kentucky**           504,793       12.5        8.1%          12.4

  **Louisiana**          516,929       11.6        10.2%         14.5

  **Maine**              183,402       14.4        12.3%         9.7

  **Maryland**           599,307       11.3        15.8%         11.4

  **Massachusetts**      860,162       13.5        5.0%          10.3

  **Michigan**           1,219,018     12.3        10.0%         8.0

  **Minnesota**          594,266       12.1        8.7%          10.3

  **Mississippi**        343,523       12.1        6.9%          17.7

  **Missouri**           755,379       13.5        5.3%          8.4

  **Montana**            120,949       13.4        13.6%         8.3

  **Nebraska**           232,195       13.6        4.1%          9.9

  **Nevada**             218,929       11.0        71.5%         8.1

  **New Hampshire**      147,970       12.0        18.3%         7.8

  **New Jersey**         1,113,136     13.2        7.9%          7.9

  **New Mexico**         212,225       11.7        30.1%         13.6

  **New York**           2,448,352     12.9        3.6%          11.8

  **North Carolina**     969,048       12.0        20.5%         15.2

  **North Dakota**       94,478        14.7        3.8%          11.4

  **Ohio**               1,507,757     13.3        7.2%          7.3

  **Oklahoma**           455,950       13.2        7.5%          11.7

  **Oregon**             438,177       12.8        12.0%         6.9

  **Pennsylvania**       1,919,165     15.6        4.9%          8.3

  **Rhode Island**       152,402       14.5        1.2%          10.6

  **South Carolina**     485,333       12.1        22.3%         13.1

  **South Dakota**       108,131       14.3        5.7%          8.3

  **Tennessee**          703,311       12.4        13.7%         13.0

  **Texas**              2,072,532     9.9         20.7%         12.6

  **Utah**               190,222       8.5         26.9%         7.8

  **Vermont**            77,510        12.7        17.2%         11.5

  **Virginia**           792,333       11.2        19.2%         10.4

  **Washington**         662,148       11.2        15.1%         8.5

  **West Virginia**      276,895       15.3        3.0%          11.6

  **Wisconsin**          702,553       13.1        7.9%          7.9

  **Wyoming**            57,693        11.7        22.2%         10.0
  ---------------------- ------------- ----------- ------------- -------------

**(Compiled by the Administration on Aging from Table DP-1. Profile of
General Demographic**

**Characteristics for the United States:** **1999-2001; poverty data is
from the** **Current Population Surveys)**

\- 9 -

### 

### 

### 

###  

### **Income**

The median income of older persons in 2001 was \$19,688 for males and
\$11,313 for females. Real median income of older people (after
adjusting for inflation) fell by -2.6% since 2000.

Households containing families headed by persons 65+ reported a median
income in 2001 of \$33,938 (\$34,661 for Whites, \$26,610 for
African-Americans, and \$24,287 for Hispanics). About one of every nine
(10.7%) family households with an elderly householder had incomes less
than \$15,000 and 48.1% had incomes of \$35,000 or more (Figure 7).

###### Figure 7: Percent Distribution by Income: 2001\*

![](media/image10.wmf)

***\$33,936*** ***median for 11.6 million family households 65+  ***

![](media/image11.wmf)

***\$14,152*** ***median for 32.9*** ***million persons 65+ reporting
income***

\- 10 -

For all older persons reporting income in 2001 (32.9 million), 31.8%
reported less than \$10,000. Only 31.2% reported \$25,000 or more. The
median income reported was \$14,152.

The major sources of income as reported by the Social Security
Administration for older persons in 2000 were Social Security (reported
by 90% of older persons), income from assets (reported by 59%), public
and private pensions (reported by 41%), and earnings (reported by 22%).
In 2000, Social Security benefits accounted for 38% of the aggregate
income of the older population. The bulk of the remainder consisted of
earnings (23%), assets (18%), and pensions (18%).

***(Based on data from Current Population Reports, \"Money*** ***Income
in the United States: 2001,\" P60-218, issued September, 2002,  by the
U.S. Bureau of the Census, related Census Internet releases, and from
the 2001*** ***Annual Supplement to the Social Security Bulletin)***

### Poverty

About 3.4 million elderly persons (10.1%) were below the poverty level
in 2001. This poverty rate was not statistically different from the
historic low reached in 1999. Another 2.2 million or 6.5% of the elderly
were classified as \"near-poor\" (income between the poverty level and
125% of this level).

One of every twelve (8.9%) elderly Whites was poor in 2001, compared to
21.9% of elderly African-Americans and 21.8% of elderly Hispanics.
Higher than average poverty rates for older persons were found among
those who lived in central cities (12.8%), outside metropolitan areas
(i.e. rural areas) (12.2%), and in the South (12.4%).

Older women had a higher poverty rate (12.4%) than older men (7.0%) in
2000. Older persons living alone or with nonrelatives were much more
likely to be poor (19.7%) than were older persons living with families
(5.5%). The highest poverty rates (50.5%) were experienced by older
Hispanic women who lived alone or with nonrelatives.

***(Based on data from Current Population Reports, \"Poverty in the
United States: 2001,\" P60-219, Issued September, 2002*** ***and related
Internet releases of the U.S. Bureau of the Census).***

### Housing

0f the 21.8 million households headed by older persons in 2001, 80% were
owners and 20% were renters. The median family income of older
homeowners was \$23,409. The median family income of older renters was
\$12,233. In 2001, 41% of older householders spent more than one-fourth
of their income on housing costs, compared to 39% of for homeowners of
all ages.

For homes occupied by older householders in 2001, the median year of
construction was 1963 (it was 1970 for all householders) and 5.4% had
physical problems.

In 2001, the median value of homes owned by older persons was \$107,398,
compared to a median home value of \$123,887 for all homeowners. About
73% of older homeowners in 2001 owned their homes free and clear.

***(Source:*** ***\"American Housing Survey for the United States in
2001, Current Housing Reports\" H150/01.)***

\- 11 -

### Employment

In 2001, 4.3 million (13.1 %) Americans age 65 and over were in the
labor force (working or actively seeking work), including 2.5 million
men (17.7%) and 1.8 million women (9.7%). They constituted 3.0% of the
U.S. labor force. About 3.0% were unemployed.

Labor force participation of men 65+ decreased steadily from 2 of 3 in
1900 to 15.8% in 1985, and has stayed at 16%-18% since then. The
participation rate for women 65+ rose slightly from 1 of 12 in 1900 to
10.8% in 1956, fell to 7.3% in 1985, and has been around 8%-10% since
1988.

***(Source:*** ***Bureau of Labor Statistics web-site:
http://www.bls.gov/cps/home.htm).***

### Education

The educational level of the older population is increasing. Between
1970 and 2001, the percentage who had completed high school rose from
28% to 70% About 17% in 2001 had a bachelor\'s degree or more.

The percentage who had completed high school varied considerably by race
and ethnic origin among older persons in 2001: 74% of Whites, 63% of
Asians and Pacific Islanders,^\*\*\*\*\*^ 51% of African-Americans, and
35% of Hispanics.

***(Sources:*** ***Current Population Survey, March Demographic
Supplement, 2001 and related tables on the Census Bureau web site; also:
\"Educational Attainment in the United States (Update): March 2000,\"
P20-536.)***

### Health, Health Care, and Disability

In 2000, 27.0% of older persons assessed their heath as fair or poor
(compared to 9.0% for all persons). There was little difference between
the sexes on this measure, but older African-Americans (41.6%) and older
Hispanics (35.1%) were much more likely to rate their health as fair or
poor than were older Whites (26%).\*\*\*\*

Limitations on activities because of chronic conditions increase with
age. In 2000, among those 65-74 years old, 26.1 percent reported a
limitation caused by a chronic condition. In contrast, almost half
(45.1%) of those 75 years and over reported they were limited by chronic
conditions.

In 1997, more than half of the older population (54.5%) reported having
at least one disability of some type (physical or nonphysical). Over a
third (37.7%) reported at least one severe disability. Over 4.5 million
(14.2%) had difficulty in carrying out activities of daily living (ADLs)
and 6.9 million (21.6%) reported difficulties with instrumental
activities of daily living (IADLs). This is in sharp contrast to the
much lower levels in the 25-64 populations of ADL difficulties (2.8%)
and IADL difficulties (4%). \[ADLs include bathing, dressing, eating,
and getting around the house. IADLs include preparing meals, shopping,
managing money, using the telephone, doing housework, and taking
medication\].

The percentages with disabilities increase sharply with age (Figure 8).
Disability takes a much heavier toll on the very old. Almost
three-fourths (73.6%) of those aged 80+ report at least one disability.
Over half (57.6%) of those aged 80+ had one or more severe disabilities
and 34.9% of the 80+ population reported

\- 12 -

needing assistance as a result of disability. There is a strong
relationship between disability status and reported health status. Among
those 65+ with a severe disability, 68.0% reported their health as fair
or poor. Among the 65+ persons who reported no disability, only 10.5%
reported their health as fair or poor. Presence of a severe disability
is also associated with lower income levels and educational attainment.

###### Figure 8: Percent With Disabilities, By Age: 1997

Most older persons have at least one chronic condition and many have
multiple conditions. The most frequently occurring conditions per 100
elderly in 1996 were: arthritis (49), hypertension (36), hearing
impairments (30), heart disease (27), cataracts (17), orthopedic
impairments (18), sinusitis (12), and diabetes (10).

Older people had about four times the number of days of hospitalization
(1.8 days) as did the under 65 aged population (0.4 days) in 2000. The
average length of a hospital stay was 6.4 days for older people,
compared to only 4.6 days for all people. The average length of stay for
older people has decreased 6 days since 1964. Older persons averaged
more contacts with doctors in 2000 than did persons of all ages (7.0
contacts vs. 3.7 contacts).

In 2000, older consumers averaged \$3,493 in out-of-pocket health care
expenditures, an increase of more than half since 1990. In contrast, the
total population spent considerably less, averaging \$2,182 in
out-of-pocket costs. Older Americans spent 12.6%of their total
expenditures on health, more than twice the proportion spent by all
consumers (5.5%). Health costs incurred on average by older consumers in
2000 consisted of \$1,775 (51%) for insurance, \$884 (25%) for drugs,
\$693 (20%) for medical services, and \$142 (4%) for medical supplies.

###### (*Sources: Health United States: 2002;* *Current Population Reports, \"Americans with Disabilities, 1997\" P70-73, February 2001 and related Internet data;* *Internet releases of the Census Bureau, the National Center on Health Statistics; and the Bureau of Labor Statistics) *

> \- 13 -

**Special Topic:** **The Older Foreign Born Population**

There were 3.1 million foreign born persons aged 65 or more in 2000.
More than one-third (39%) of this older foreign born is from Europe and
another 31% is from Latin America; 22% is from Asia; and 8% is from
other parts of the world. In the future, the older foreign born are more
likely to be from Latin America or Asia. Almost two-thirds of the older
foreign born have lived in the US for more than 30 years. About
one-third of the older foreign born live in the West.

The older foreign born are more likely than their native counterparts to
live in family households. Eight of ten older foreign born men are
married; nearly half of older foreign-born women are widowed. Older
foreign-born women are much more likely to live alone than older
foreign-born men. The poverty rate is higher for the older foreign born
than for the older native population. Households with older foreign-born
householders participate in means-tested programs at higher rates than
households with older native householders.

***\[Source: "The Older Foreign-Born Population of the United States:
2000," P23-211, September, 2002, U.S. Bureau of the Census\]***

###### Notes:

\*Principal sources of data for the Profile are the U.S. Bureau of the
Census, the National Center on Health Statistics, and the Bureau of
Labor Statistics. The Profile incorporates the latest data available but
not all items are updated on an annual basis.

\*\*Excludes persons of Hispanic origin.

\*\*\*Calculated on the basis of the official poverty definitions for
the years 19998-2001

\*\*\*\*1996 figure

\*\*\*\*\*Census 2000 figure

*A Profile of Older Americans: 2002* was prepared by the Administration
on Aging (AoA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

The annual Profile of Older Americans was originally developed and
researched by Donald G. Fowles, AoA. Saadia Greenberg, AoA, updated the
2002 edition.  Editions of the Profile prior to 2000 were printed
by AARP.

AoA serves as an advocate for the elderly within the federal government
and is working to encourage and coordinate a responsive system of family
and community based services throughout the nation. AoA helps states
develop comprehensive service systems which are administer by 56 State
and Territorial Units on Aging, 655 Area Agencies on Aging, 226 Native
American and Hawaiian organizations, and more than 29,000 local service
providers.

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