**Construction Specification 727---Diversions**

**1. Scope**

The work consists of all excavations, shaping, grading, and earthfills
required to construct the diversions as shown on the drawings or as
staked in the field.

**2. Material**

The earth material used in constructing the earthfill portions of the
diversions shall be suitable material obtained from required excavations
or earth material obtained from designated borrow areas. Material for
earthfills shall be free from frozen material, brush, roots, sod, stones
over 6 inches in diameter, or other objectionable material.

**3. Foundation preparation**

Foundations for earthfill shall be stripped to remove vegetation and
other unsuitable materials or shall be excavated as specified.

Except as otherwise specified, earth foundation surfaces shall be graded
to remove surface irregularities and shall be scarified parallel to the
axis of the earthfill or otherwise acceptably scored and loosened to a
minimum depth of 2 inches. The moisture content of the loosened material
shall be controlled as specified for the earthfill, and the surface
material of the foundation shall be compacted and bonded with the first
layer of earthfill as specified for subsequent layers of earthfill.

Earth abutment surfaces shall be free of loose, uncompacted earth in
excess of 2 inches in depth normal to the slope and shall be at such a
moisture content that the earthfill can be compacted against them to
produce a good bond between the earthfill and the abutments.

**4. Placement**

Earthfill material shall not be placed until the required foundation
preparation is complete, inspected, and approved for placement.
Earthfill shall not be placed upon a frozen surface. Earthfill shall be
placed in horizontal layers not exceeding 9 inches in thickness. The
moisture content of the earthfill materials shall be sufficient to
obtain firm and suitable compaction. Compaction shall be obtained by
routing the hauling and spreading equipment over the earthfill material
so that the entire surface of each layer is traversed by not less than
one track tread of the loaded equipment, or equivalent methods approved
by the engineer.

**5. Measurement and payment**

***Method 1---***For items of work for which specific unit prices are
established in the contract, the length of diversion is determined to
the nearest linear foot by measurement along the centerline of the
diversion. Such payment will constitute full compensation for all labor,
material, equipment, and all other items necessary and incidental to the
performance of the work.

***Method 2---***For items of work for which specific lump sum prices
are established in the contract, the quantity of waterways or diversions
is not measured for payment. Payment for waterways and diversions is
made at the contract lump sum price and shall constitute full
compensation for all labor, material, equipment, and all other items
necessary and incidental to the performance of the work.

***Method 3---***The pay limits for excavation and earthfill shall be as
designated on the drawings. Payment for excavation and earthfill to
construct the waterways and diversions is separately measured and
computed to the nearest cubic yard by the method of average
cross-sectional end areas. Payment for excavation and earthfill is made
at the unit price bid and shall constitute full compensation for all
labor, material, equipment, and all other items necessary and incidental
to the performance of the work.

***All methods---***The following provisions apply to all methods of
measurement and payment. Compensation for any item of work described in
the contract, but not listed in the bid schedule is included in the
payment for the item of work to which it is made subsidiary. Such items
and the items to which they are made subsidiary are identified in
section 6 of this specification.

**6. Items of work and construction details**

Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and
the construction details therefore are:

[Bid Item 10, Diversions]{.underline}

(1) This item shall consist of construction of the diversions with
    earthfill at locations staked in the field by the contracting
    officer\'s representative (COR).

(2) The final alignment of the diversions shall be determined in the
    field by the COR during construction. Diversions shall be
    constructed in a manner so as to have complete and positive drainage
    and to provide a satisfactory outlet for the water to transition
    from the diversion system to the inlets shown on the drawings or a
    natural ground outlet.

(3) Compaction of the diversion shall be accomplished by routing the
    hauling and spreading equipment (minimum contact pressure of 7.5
    pounds per square inch) over the fill in such a manner that every
    point on the surface of each layer of fill will be traversed by not
    less than one tread track of the equipment or other methods selected
    by the contractor that will produce equal compaction. The maximum
    layer thickness before compaction shall be 6 inches.

(4) The fill material shall have a moisture content such that, when
    kneaded in the hand, it will form a ball which does not readily
    separate when struck sharply with a pencil, or which refuses to
    separate when pressed between the hands. Uniform moisture
    distribution shall be obtained by methods approved by the COR.

(5) Measurement and payment shall be by Method 1.