![](media/image1.png){width="0.5305555555555556in" height="0.35in"}

###### Winrock International Worldwide-Nigeria Farmer-to-Farmer Program

**Executive Summary**

**Final Report**

The goal of USAID's Nigeria Farmer-to-Farmer (FTF) Program is to
strengthen NGOs, associations, and financial institutions to help
farmers and agribusinesses meet consumer demand for increased food
quantity and quality, and to improve the effectiveness and environmental
sustainability of farming and marketing. This report will highlight the
results of the Nigeria FTF Program.

Since 2001, Nigeria FTF has completed 182 volunteer assignments with 74
hosts, benefiting 10,200 women and men. During FY 2003, 59 volunteers
completing 70 volunteer assignments traveled to Nigeria, 2,857 Nigerians
directly benefited from FTF (including 722 women), and 860,000
indirectly benefited. During the fourth quarter FY2003, Nigeria
Farmer-to-Farmer volunteers completed 33 assignments. Over the life of
project Winrock International and our volunteers:

-   Worked directly with approximately 3500 woman (34% of the total
    direct beneficiaries)

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-   Worked with 58 agricultural NGOs and associations, and 14 private
    farms or agribusinesses.

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-   99% of hosts targeted provide new or improved products/services.

-   99% of hosts targeted increased business efficiency.

-   99% of hosts targeted increased production.

-   99% of hosts targeted use improved business planning techniques.

-   94% of hosts targeted created new training programs.

-   89% of hosts targeted increased revenue.

-   93% of hosts targeted increased profits.

-   99% of hosts targeted adopted improved waste or natural resource
    management techniques.

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-   Leveraged over US \$4,600 in contributions from volunteers and other
    U.S. sources.

-   Helped create over 13 new organizations.

-   Encouraged FTF hosts to contribute over US \$108,000 toward the cost
    of the volunteer assignment.

-   Assisted their hosts in accessing over US \$275,000 from various
    sources of credit, state assistance, PL 480 local currency, and
    other donor assistance from within their own country.

##### 

##### 

##### Examples of tangible impacts

During the fourth quarter FY2003, field staff completed 18 impact
surveys with 12 hosts. Since 2001, field staff completed 60 impact
surveys with 38 hosts or approximately one half of Nigeria hosts.
Twenty-one projects are profiled in **Appendix B**.

-   With the help of animal science volunteer Thomas Tylutki, Garko
    Farms in Kano, Nigeria, has increased milk production by 70 liters
    per day. This will increase the revenue of the 70-cow farm by
    approximately \$910 per month. A better calf feeding strategy was
    introduced by the volunteer that increased revenue from calf sales
    by \$3,825 a year. Another result of this assignment was the
    establishment of a regional dairy producers association.

-   Alan Lessler helped a women's micro credit foundation in Nigeria
    increase its client list from 80 to 500 within six months. His
    training on spreadsheets has minimized errors and sustainability has
    been improved with an introduction of membership fees, which
    increased revenue by \$500.

-   The Nigerian Union of Fishermen and Seafood Dealers opened two new
    chapters in Ondo and Kano states and recruited 3,000 new members as
    a result of interest generated from the successful work of two FTF
    volunteers.

-   Following FTF assistance to develop an operational strategy and
    fundraising plan, Kaltungo Center for the Deaf (KCFD) in Gombe
    State, Nigeria, received a \$7,000 grant from the American
    Ambassador's Self-Help Program to construct a Teachers' Training
    Center for the deaf. Groundbreaking occurred in March 2003. As a
    result, KCFD will provide new services to farmers suffering from
    hearing impairments.

-   John Marenic helped two groups of women farmers in Nigeria to
    decrease their postharvest losses and improve fruit and vegetable
    processing. In Oyo State, Marenic helped 50 women fruit growers to
    resuscitate a fruit juice processing plant that had been abandoned
    due to bankruptcy. He helped another group of female farmers to
    develop a tomato and pepper puree cooperative.

### Winrock International Worldwide-Nigeria Farmer-to-Farmer Program

### 

### I. Program Results and Analysis

### A. Anticipated and Actual Results

Over the three-year period of the Nigeria Farmer-to-Farmer Program,
Winrock International anticipated that a total of 161 volunteer
assignments would be completed from 2001 to 2003. The total number of
assignments was met and exceeded for a total of 182 assignments
completed.

Winrock and Land O'Lakes identified the following four objectives for
the two-year program:

-   Increase productivity and efficiency of 60 private agricultural
    enterprises.

-   Increase capacity of 30 selected agricultural NGOs and associations
    to achieve sustainable service delivery, benefiting thousands of
    Nigerian farmers (at least 30% female).

-   Strengthen 10 rural finance systems to provide credit and other
    services to agricultural enterprises.

Below is a table with success indicators for these objectives and the
final results.

### Table 1. Major Objectives Met by the Nigeria FTF Program

+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **Program Targets**  | **Results**           | **Anticipated         |
|                      |                       | Results\***           |
| **FY2001 to FY2003** |                       |                       |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **Impacts**          | *Based on surveys of  | *Anticipated Results  |
|                      | approximately 50% of  | Based 50% sample of   |
|                      | Nigerian Hosts*       | Nigerian host*        |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 40 enterprises with  | 21 enterprises        | 42 enterprises        |
| production increases | increased production  | increased production  |
| over pre-assignment  |                       |                       |
| levels               |                       |                       |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 35 enterprises       | 16 hosts increased    | 32 hosts increased    |
| receiving increased  | revenue               | revenue               |
| revenue              |                       |                       |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 35 enterprises with  | 28 hosts increased    | 56 hosts increased    |
| increased business   | business efficiency   | business efficiency   |
| efficiency or        |                       |                       |
| resource             |                       |                       |
| conservation         |                       |                       |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 10 enterprises       | 14 hosts improved NRM | 28 hosts improved NRM |
| adopting one or more | and environmental     | and environmental     |
| practices to improve | practices             | practices             |
| natural resources    |                       |                       |
| management           |                       |                       |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 14 organizations     | 13 organizations      | 26 organizations      |
| formed               | formed                | formed                |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 25 hosts that have   | 20 hosts that have    | 40 hosts that have    |
| increased their      | increased their       | increased their       |
| membership           | membership            | membership            |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 25 hosts using new   | 24 hosts using new or | 48 hosts using new or |
| or improved planning | improved planning     | improved planning     |
| techniques, program  | techniques, program   | techniques, program   |
| methodologies and/or | methodologies and/or  | methodologies and/or  |
| management           | management practices  | management practices  |
| practices, including |                       |                       |
| the use of a         |                       |                       |
| business plan or a   |                       |                       |
| strategic plan       |                       |                       |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 30 hosts providing   | 29 hosts providing    | 58 hosts providing    |
| new or improved      | new or improved       | new or improved       |
| products and/or      | products and/or       | products and/or       |
| services             | services              | services              |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 15 hosts with        | 15 hosts with         | 30 hosts with         |
| improved training    | improved training     | improved training     |
| materials and skills | materials and skills  | materials and skills  |
+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

**\*Due to program interruption and political instability, 35% of the
assignments were fielded within the last nine months and were not able
to be surveyed.**

**B. Results this Period**

# 1. Program Inputs and Outputs

**Volunteer Assignments**

During the fourth quarter of FY2003, Nigeria FTF fielded 29 volunteers
to complete 33 assignments, directly benefiting 1,200 women and men.
Four of the volunteers completed multiple assignments.

Over the past quarter the volume of volunteers fielded and placed with
hosts was the highest in program history. Summer schedules in the US are
often more conducive to volunteer availability and this year was no
exception. This quarter, 33 volunteers came to and went safely from
Nigeria, a Farmer-to-Farmer record.

This high volume of volunteers in country allowed for some unique
opportunities for multiple volunteer collaborations that more often than
not resulted in added benefits for both hosts and volunteers. For
example, volunteer Randall Dickey worked with Sister Nora and DDS core
staff members developing a pension plan for the Nigerian DDS staff.
Randall gained valuable insight into management conditions at DDS prior
to his arrival there in Kogi state from volunteer Bryan Cole's report on
business plan advising and specific steps necessary to improve the water
bottling business at DDS. Mr. Cole's report also provided background on
typical challenges faced by Nigerian SMEs (Small and Medium Sized
Enterprises) for food processing volunteer Jeff Neville (founder of
Concord Foods in Massachusetts).

When Mr. Dickey and Mr. Neville were both in the Winrock offices in
Abuja they discussed their experiences; Dickey at DDS in Koji State and
Neville in Kaduna State involving honey processing and marketing. Dickey
was inspired by what he saw at DDS and has embarked on researching
possible funding from Catholic Dioceses in the United States to help DDS
purchase more automated \[water\] bottling equipment. Jeff Neville has
joined Dickey to help source appropriate equipment if the funds come
through. Both Neville and Dickey are in contact with Bryan Cole, the
original author of the DDS pure water business plan.

Nigerian American fisheries volunteers, Dr. Jonathan Eya and Dr. Fasina
participated in roundtable discussions with FAO representatives, the
President of the Fisheries Society of Nigeria (FISON), the National
Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research deputy director and private
catfish farmer, Ade Alakija of Durante Fish Industries. One of the
outcomes of these meetings is that the FAO will sponsor the publishing
of the proceedings for the upcoming conference being held by FISON in
New Bussa (home of NIFFR) on fish feed production and fish farm
management.

**2. Examples of Results at Host Level**

Since 2001, field staff completed 60 impact surveys with 38 hosts or
approximately one half of Nigeria hosts. The impacts reported here are
the result of assignments that occurred over the life of the project.
Seven of the surveyed hosts are private enterprises and farmers, 21
hosts are farmers associations and other agribusiness organizations, and
10 are nongovernmental organization. Additional descriptions of FTF
results are in **Appendix B**.

### Revitalization of Shell Petroleum Development Program (SPDC) beekeeping project

![](media/image2.jpeg){width="2.75in" height="1.9791666666666667in"}As a
result of an earlier Winrock volunteer technical assistance assignment
with SPDC titled, "Appraisal of the Shell Petroleum Corporation
Beekeeping Projects", the organization has requested proposals from the
volunteers to enable Shell to re-organize and revitalize this sector of
their community development initiative. During the quarter, volunteers
(Nathan Emery paired with Nigerian volunteer Alhaji Idris "Bee")
identified areas of technical deficiencies with the SPDC \[beekeeping
initiatives\] but also provided useful and relevant on the spot
suggestions for improvements in the current situations. The volunteers
gave a presentation to the entire SPDC community development team who
became interested in their recommendations (for the full presentation
please see annex 2 of the 2003 third quarter Nigeria Farmer to Farmer
report). This sparked a request from Shell for the volunteers to make a
proposal for interventions and initiatives to rehabilitate and
revitalize a higher return on the beekeeping "development" investment
initiative. In response to SPDC's request, the volunteers worked
together and wrote a \$50,000 proposal to do a one-year project in the
four locations where SPDC has introduced beekeeping. The management of
SPDC community development project for funding is presently reviewing
this proposal.

### Nigeria begins the process of environmentally sound commercial shrimp production 

Winrock International volunteer Bill Rudd visited and appraised Shell
Petroleum Development Program's (SPDC) intended freshwater shrimp
culture location and recommended the culture of brackish water shrimp
instead of exotic freshwater shrimp (*Macrobrachium rosenbergii*). SPDC
had originally planned to import the exotic freshwater variety for their
project. Mr. Rudd supported this recommendation by pointing
![](media/image3.jpeg){width="3.0833333333333335in"
height="2.3125in"}out that most disease occurs in the exotic species,
while the brackish water species (*Penaeus monodon*) indigenous to the
Delta in Nigeria has been disease free for many years. After a careful
selection period, the volunteer identified a site in Idema that was
technically feasible for commercial production and free of mangroves (as
stipulated by the international code of conduct for shrimp production).
The volunteer's report was presented and submitted to USAID, SPDC and
other donor organizations within Nigeria. As a result, USAID Nigeria and
SPDC have included commercial shrimp production in the list of potential
projects for partnerships and funding. SPDC has made enquiries to
Winrock International for partnering and next steps for this activity.
Shell would also like to see reports showing studies of social dynamics
of communities that have been under shrimp production outlining
successes and failures. According to one of the managers of the SPDC
community development program, their interest in this project is because
shrimp production has the potential to be a big income earner as well as
providing a significant number of new jobs. Shrimp culture could help
empower communities for the development of other businesses, while also
creating employment for youth.

### Winrock volunteer helps with production of high quality fish feed

![](media/image4.jpeg){width="2.28125in"
height="1.7083333333333333in"}The Managing Director of Durante Fish
Industries, one of the foremost fingerling and fresh fish producers in
Nigeria, Mr. Ade Alakija identified the acquisition of fish feed as
contributing 60% of Durante's current production costs. Durante
presently imports feed from Coppens, Netherlands at a cost of about US
\$1 per kg for the operation that produces 100 metric tons of table fish
per annum and 250,000 fingerlings per month. The locally available fish
feed (that costs about \$.56 per kg) has very low and unreliable
quality. This lack of consistent quality results in longer growing
periods, malnutrition, deformities and even outright death of thousands
of fish, especially when the fish are raised in intensive
(re-circulating) systems. Durante has been working on producing fish
feed on-site using a combination of local and imported ingredients, but
could only attain about a 1:3 feed conversion ratio as against 1:1 to
0.8 ratios of the imported (high quality) feed. Hence, Durante requested
Winrock volunteer technical assistance on improving their fish feed
production. Winrock volunteer Dr. Oladiran Fasina, a Nigerian-American
and Assistant Professor of Biosystems Engineering at Auburn University
was recruited by Tuskegee University (Winrock partners) to work with
Durante Fish Industries for a one-week period. After series of
experimental trials between staff of Durante and Dr. Fasina, they were
able to produce pelletized fish feed with quality that is close to that
which is currently imported. Mr. Ade Alakija tried this feed after the
volunteer's departure and has recorded a 1:1.1 feed conversion ration as
of August 2003.

### Alternative poultry feed takes center stage after VTA assignment

![](media/image5.png){width="3.30625in"
height="2.4763888888888888in"}Winrock International in collaboration
with the Raw Material Research and Development Council (a government
parastatal that promotes the use of local raw materials) fielded
volunteer Dr. Joseph Orban, a Nigerian-American in April 2002 to work
with selected poultry farmers in Ilorin. Dr. Orban's assignment had two
main goals, the first was to analyze the locally used diets for
nutritional value. The second goal was to design new diets to reduce the
quantity of maize in poultry diets from 60 to 10-20% by using other
alternative raw materials available in Nigeria. Preliminary reports
indicated that one of the three diets experimented by the three
commercial farms has been fully adopted because of its excellent
performance in reducing cost of production and increasing efficient
utilization of raw materials. The government of Nigeria has mandated Raw
Materials to build on the outcome of this assignment to reduce the cost
of producing poultry feed, which is presently on the high side because
of the 60-65% maize input (that competes as food staple for human
consumption). According to a senior program staff of the Council on Raw
Materials, funding has been made available for such trials to be
conducted in all six geopolitical zones of Nigeria while exploring the
possibility of commercializing the production of promising diets with
other public and private stakeholders.

### Private organization receives Winrock assistance

Wilbahi Investment Limited a private company has a window of funding for
up to \$1.5 million for agricultural projects from the Nigerian
Agricultural Credit and Rural Development Bank (NACRDB). However, the
Bank requires proper cost/benefits analysis, feasibility studies or
business plans before the funds can be released. Wilbahi has farm
locations in Epe, Lagos State and Ewohimi, Edo State that are planted
with oil palm and pineapples (major crops) with potential for expansion.
Wilbahi farms are interested in adding value to their produce (oil palm
and pineapple), as well as introducing new areas like fisheries and
beekeeping that are low cost, high return and relatively easy to manage.
Hence, they sought the assistance of the Winrock International volunteer
technical assistance program. Three Winrock International volunteers
John Underwood (livestock), Charlie Johnson (aquaculture) and Alhaji
Idris Bee (beekeeping) conducted a site assessment of Wilbahi farms and
submitted several reports that will serve as basis for the feasibility
studies. Alhaji Idris Bee helped set up beehives at Wilbahi farm in
Ewohimi, Edo State. Alhaji's training helped the villagers overcome the
hitherto existing myth that bees are a bad omen. The farm owner, Prince
Solomon Aguele informed Winrock field staff that he stopped buying
imported honey after he was trained on honey processing by the
![](media/image6.png){width="3.8229166666666665in"
height="3.03125in"}volunteer. He estimated a harvest of about 40 liters
of honey from his five hives over the last 5 months. He has requested
Alhaji Idris Bee to draw up a plan for commercialization, which he is
willing to fund. Prince Solomon has made a commitment to provide further
training and community participation in the expansion of the beekeeping
efforts of the farm site. John Underwood recommended livestock
integration into the farm with pig production, using exotic breeds as
the starting point. He presented a cost/benefit plan for this venture
and Wilbahi has prepared a site for immediate take off. Also they have
acquired an import permit from the Federal Ministries of Agriculture and
Environment to bring in exotic breeds of fast growing hybrids of pigs.
Volunteer Charlie Johnson helped Wilbahi farms with an initial design
for a fish farm. They have also contacted another Winrock International
host organization (Durante Industries) for supply of fingerlings and
fish feed, as well as for assistance with the feasibility studies.

### Local consulting capacity of Farmer-to-Farmer host developed

![](media/image7.png){width="1.5583333333333333in"
height="1.1722222222222223in"}Alhaji Idris Bee, an extension officer
with Kaduna State Agricultural Development Project (ADP), the Nigerian
Government Extension Program, is the founder of Biye Beekeepers Society
(BBS). He received funding from USAID Nigeria in 2001 to build the
capacity of 50 traditional beekeepers and provide them with modern
beehives and beekeeping apparel. He contacted the Winrock International
VTA program for technical assistance. Two master beekeepers, Ann Harman
and Bob Cole worked with Biye Beekeepers for two weeks in early 2002 and
several others conducted follow up assignments in various aspects of
beekeeping and honey production such as hive maintenance and pest
control, honey processing and utilization of by-products and marketing
of honey and by-products. Within three years of working with the VTA
program, Alhaji Idris Bee has been promoted twice from Extension agent
to Head Beekeeping Unit (created recently by the ADP because of the
growth of beekeeping in the locality) of the ADP. Alhaji Idris Bee also
received grant proposal writing training from Winrock International,
after which one of the proposals he wrote received a grant of about
\$10,000 from FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization, a United Nations
group). The experience and knowledge gained by Alhaji Idris Bee was put
into use by the Winrock VTA program when he was used as an "in country"
volunteer for several assignments. He paired with another beekeeping
volunteer, Nathan Emery, an American now living in Lesotho, to appraise
and revitalize the beekeeping operations of the Shell Petroleum
Community Development program. He also worked with Diocesan Development
Services (an FTF strategic host in Kogi State) as a follow up volunteer
when their beehives had pest invasion problems. He recently introduced
modern beekeeping to Ewohimi community in Edo State, when he was invited
to set up beehives by Wilbahi Investment Limited, a private company that
hosted Winrock FtF volunteers.

### Winrock FtF creates linkages between hosts

![](media/image8.jpeg){width="2.527083333333333in"
height="1.8979166666666667in"}Wilbahi Investment Limited (a private
company) received several Winrock volunteers to help highlight basis for
development of feasibility studies and business plans to enable them
access a 200 million Naira loan window, which they have with a local
commercial bank. The volunteers helped with the pre-feasibilities for
fish farm, piggery, beekeeping and agricultural produce processing. Two
former Winrock volunteers, Alhaji Idris Bee (beekeeping) and Mr. Ade
Alakija (Durante, aquaculture) helped Wilbahi farms with the initial
information for the feasibility studies. Wilbahi has finalized
arrangements to hire Mr. Ade Alakija as a consultant to conduct the
feasibility for their fish farm. While, Alhaji Idris Bee will be working
on the feasibility for commercial beekeeping operation.

### Winrock volunteers assist FtF hosts leverage funds from donor agencies

![](media/image9.png){width="2.35in"
height="1.6444444444444444in"}Volunteer Patrick Ball was recruited to
work with Fantsuam Foundation, a rural micro finance institution based
in Kafanchan, Kaduna State that received a \$250,000 grant through
Winrock VTA assistance, on improving their Research and Development (R &
D) Department. After helping Fantsuam Foundation reorganize their
bookkeeping and accounting issues as well as report writing and
presentation, Ball developed a two-page profile of Fantsuam Foundation,
which he presented to various donor agencies (World Bank, UNICEF, DFID,
Irish Aid, etc.) as a way of introducing the activities of Fantsuam
Foundation. This was very helpful to Fantsuam Foundation as they have
been able to contact these organizations formally because of the initial
introduction by Winrock.

Nathan Emery, a commercial beekeeper in Lesotho was recruited to work
with Biye Beekeepers Society and Alhaji Idris Bee on processing and
marketing of honey and by-products as well as working out modalities for
the set up of a beekeeping extension center in Kaduna State. Besides
providing Alhaji Idris Bee with ideas on processing and marketing of
honey and setting up of the beekeeping extension center (please see full
power point presentation in the Nigeria Farmer to Farmer 2003 third
quarter report), the volunteer also visited several donor agencies
(Canadian International Development Agency-CIDA, Irish Aid, World Bank,
etc.) with Alhaji Idris Bee while introducing these ideas. CIDA and
Irish Aid asked Alhaji Idris Bee to submit proposals, which are
presently under review at these organizations.

C.  **Program Effectiveness**

While supplying high-level technical assistance to host organizations,
FTF volunteers also provide ongoing mentoring and a personal commitment
that far surpasses what a traditional "consultant" would supply. This
moral support and ongoing technical engagement shows to our
international counterparts the sincere interest in their economic growth
and development. This period, roughly 95% of volunteers surveyed report
they continue assisting hosts after their assignments, mostly via email.

[]{.mark}

Some examples of returned volunteer impacts follow:

-   Volunteers have provided, at their own expense, equipment, seeds,
    plant materials, software and other items to help support the host
    they had worked with

-   Volunteers have returned home and designed plans for dairy systems,
    irrigation systems, research proposals, business plans, applications
    for grants and a multitude of support not called for in their
    assignment

-   Volunteers have returned home and arranged, and paid for, medical
    care for contacts they made on an FtF assignment (eye surgery, for
    example)

-   Volunteers have maintained e-mail contact (sometimes through country
    staff) with the host on a continuous basis

-   Volunteers have paid for the trip of a host to the U.S. to acquaint
    them with technology that would be of use to them. They also arrange
    tours of U.S. facilities and meetings with industry specialist.

-   Volunteers have provided significant funding to the operation of a
    host that they were working with.

-   Volunteers have been visualized by hosts as caring people who were
    happy to share their knowledge, friendship and culture.

### Diffusion of Improved Science and Technology

The Nigeria Farmer-to-Farmer program provided technical assistance,
through Winrock/Land O' Lakes, on artificial insemination to
pastoralists on the Mambila Plateau. The pastoralists were first
organized into livestock cooperatives. With the assistance of the
volunteer, the pastoralists identified their needs in the areas of
animal health and nutrition and the genetic improvement of the local
stock. FTF provided a volunteer on animal health and nutrition to help
the pastoralists understand the implication on productivity of their
herd. The cooperatives requested for training on artificial insemination
to coincide with the arrival of 500 doses of semen procured by the
pastoralists from worldwide sires. This was facilitated by Land O'
Lakes.

Since their contact with Farmer-to-Farmer program, members of Mambila
livestock cooperatives have become popular on the Plateau. Shortly
before volunteer Thomas Dobler touched down on Mambila, two new
livestock associations were formed and indicated interest to benefit
from the training. The volunteer provided direct practical training to
over 30 pastoralists on recto-vaginal artificial insemination (AI)
technique. He started with fresh reproductive tracts before taking them
to the cows. At the end of the AI training, more than 16% of the
participants performed at an excellent level. He superadded heat
detection, semen handling, semen tank maintenance and all sanitary
precautions associated with AI to the training. A follow up retraining
on artificial insemination was conducted in July 2003, which resulted in
another 30 new AI technicians trained. AI technicians were also trained
in Kano (Garko Farm), in Kaduna (Pastoral Resolve \[PARE-NGO\]), and in
Adamawa (Sebore Farm) States.

Other improved technologies that have been diffused by six volunteers,
under the Farmer-to-Farmer program, include animal health; semen
collection, processing and preservation; livestock husbandry and
nutrition; transition cow management; calf and heifer management; and,
feed formulation, in addition to 3 artificial insemination trainings.
These highly technical trainings benefited over 165 pastoralist and
private livestock farmers across five States in Northern Nigeria.

**II. Public Outreach and Impacts in the United States**

A.  **Volunteer O****utreach**

Each period, Winrock surveys the volunteers fielded in the previous
period regarding their post-assignment outreach activities, such as
newspaper articles written, radio or television interviews, and group
presentations. Winrock emails or faxes an outreach survey to all
volunteers. During FY2003, 9 volunteers reported that they have
conducted public outreach regarding their FTF assignments. Over the life
of project, 16 volunteers have reported that they completed 15 group
presentations and participated in 6 media events such as newspaper
articles or radio interviews.

**III. Administrative Information**

During this quarter the partner database was refined. This tool enables
partner organizations to have a place on the Winrock system to have
their own volunteer management and tracking system. All aspects of
volunteer support from volunteer application to submission of the final
report are tracked using this system. The Tuskegee team was briefed on
these changes. Tuskegee University team members also traveled twice to
Nigeria last quarter to assist with impact gathering. They also
recruited and conducted outreach.

### Financial Information

**Table 1** presents financial information for this period and project
to date.

Table 1. Summary of Nigeria FTF Financial Analysis for Life of Project

+------------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
| **Financial      | **Expenses | **Total    | **R        | **Percent  |
| Analysis**       | Project    | Budget**   | emainder** | Spent**    |
|                  | Life to    |            |            |            |
| **Life of        | Date**     |            |            |            |
| Project**        |            |            |            |            |
+------------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
| Program Total    | 1,212,368  | 1,452,948  | 240,580    | 83%        |
+------------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
| Sub-recipient    | 1,045,220  | 1,183,843  | 138,623    | 88%        |
+------------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
| Procurement      | 131,967    | 174,675    | 42,708     | 76%        |
+------------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
| Indirect Costs   | 317,162    | 435,144    | 117,982    | 73%        |
+------------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
| ######## To      | 2,706,716  | 3,246,610  | 539,894    | 83%        |
| tal USAID Amount |            |            |            |            |
+------------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+
|                  |            |            |            |            |
+------------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+

**Table 1** does not reflect total project expenditures since there are
still outstanding billings at the time this report was prepared.

###### Appendix A

**Volunteer Impact Summaries**

## **Volunteer Impact Summary** 

**FTF Expert:** LeRoy Vanicek

**Host Enterprise:** Graduate Farmers Multipurpose Cooperative Society,
Karsana, Abuja

**Dates at Site:** January 29 to February 6, 2002

**Assignment Objectives:**

-   Train all members in co-op organization and function

-   Assist the co-op to review its by-laws, prepare and conduct
    elections of officials, develop a mission, vision and goals and
    assist the co-op in drafting a work plan

**Volunteer Profile:** LeRoy Vanicek is a seasoned farmer and manager of
cooperatives and associations for over 50 years. He has worked on the
Farmer-to-Farmer Program and similar agricultural developmental
assignments in various countries with cooperatives, associations and
government agencies.

**Host Background:** Graduate Farmers Cooperative Society was
established in 2002 to serve its members who run a poultry business.
These farmers were brought together under the Graduate Farmers Training
Program, which the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) oversees.

**Principal Impacts:** The hosts were trained on co-op development and
function; responsibilities of members and officials to the co-op; as
well as running a co-op as a business. The need to trust each other and
be committed to the common goals of the cooperative was brought to the
forefront. Membership rose from 9 to 17 and revenue from entrance fee
increased by \$78. The co-op reviewed and adopted its by-laws, which
resulted in the first democratic elections of officers to run the
affairs of the cooperative. The host was able to define their mission
statement, vision and goals. A work plan framework was initiated for the
co-op to develop pertaining the expansion of their broiler production
business. The host was able to put together a cost analysis and stage a
convincing presentation to bank officials on their farm site. The bank
officials are willing to help the co-op to develop the business plan for
a loan of \$4,348. Productivity of active members climbed from an
average of 270 chickens per unit every 8 weeks to an average of 450
chicken every two weeks. Revenue increased from \$1,174 every 8 weeks to
\$1,957 every 2 weeks. This adds up to \$5,870 over six weeks. A
National agricultural bank is considering the cooperative for a loan of
\$3,044 where the co-op now runs an account. As a result of increased
production the labor requirement doubled. Six new jobs were created for
the local community to help with dressing and packaging the chicken.
Recently, the co-op selected two members to participate in a grant
proposal writing training workshop organizes by Land O' Lakes/Winrock in
collaboration with USAID. They intend to apply the skills from this
workshop to approach other financiers.

Local farmers have indicated their willingness to join the Graduate
Farmers Cooperative as result of the volunteer intervention, while 3
groups requested information on cooperative organization and function
from the beneficiaries of the intervention. Recently, NDE took a renewed
interest on the project and have called the representatives of the
farmers to a roundtable meeting.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Female: 5

Male: 12

**Volunteer Impact Summary**

**FTF Expert:** Allen Gerber

**Host Enterprise:** Akugbalodo Byazhin Cooperative Society, Kubwa-Abuja

**Dates at Site:** September 2 to 13, 2001

**Assignment Objectives:**

-   Train all members in co-op organization and function

-   Assist the co-op to review its by-laws

-   Assist the co-op to prepare and conduct elections of officials

-   Assist the co-op to develop a mission, vision and goals

-   Assist the co-op to draft a work plan

**Volunteer Profile:** Allen Gerber, a seasoned cooperative member with
experience in other countries. His early childhood on the farm makes him
very appreciative of the co-ops circumstance. His ability in systematic
and orderly approach to problem solving and patience with the host
inability to quickly get up to speed of what their needs were was a
plus.

**Host Background:** Akugbalodo Co-op was formally registered in 1997
with an initial 39 members. Since registration, they have never
conducted business through the co-op and the leaders were hand picked to
manage the affairs. Apathy had taken over and the co-op was loosing its
meaning to the so-called members. The supposed benefits that come from
government to cooperatives never got to them and so they had no use for
the co-op for several years. Meanwhile, middlemen were exploiting them
and they were loosing produce in store to rot and rodents. They were not
sure of what to do to redeem them.

**Principal Impacts:** Akugbalodo Byazhin yam producers' cooperative
witnessed rejuvenation as result of the volunteer intervention. They had
no idea what to do with their co-op but thanks to the volunteer FTF
assistance provided by Allen Gerber, they now have a reviewed byelaw
that reflects their aspiration, which was adopted by the general
assembly; they have in place elected officers to run their co-op
business. Their renewed commitment and collective action has earned them
70 bags of compound fertilizer at a subsidized price. The co-ops
treasury is richer by \$267.90 (\$207 from entrance; \$60.9 from
entrance fees). The co-op has been noticed by government agency and have
benefited from an on-farm cowpea variety trail, and with 36 committed
members they are set to take control of their destiny. It is agonizing
and very despairing to find people traveling so far, for so long on the
wrong road, but the result of allowing one to be guided unto the right
track is so remarkable and the outcome is close to miraculous.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Male 70

**Volunteer Impact Summary**

**FTF Expert:** John Marenic

**Host Enterprise:** Yan Kuli Kuli Women Co-op, Yar Kasuwa, Lere LGA,
Kaduna State

**Dates at Site:** August 28 to 30, 2002

**Assignment Objectives:**

-   Improve product quality

-   Suggest alternative ways of improving product marketability

-   Identify ways to increase productivity

**Volunteer Profile:** John Marenic is a consultant in agricultural
produce processing. He has experience dealing with both small-scale and
industrial ag produce processing. He runs a processing equipment
fabrication outfit. He has devoted part of his time to consultancy and
volunteer services for development activities.

**Host Background:** Yan Kuli Kuli Women Cooperative is a group of local
women who have been involved with peanut oil processing most of their
lives as a family enterprise. Unfortunately, over the years it has
become less and less profitable with no strategy to stop this trend.

**Principal Impacts:** John Marenic had very brief contact with two
local oil processing women groups in Lere local government area of
Kaduna State. After a short examination he offered two suggestions. The
first of these suggestions was to increase the price of a gallon of oil
by N160 or \$1.39; this price increase immediately resulted in an 80%
increase in sale revenue. The increase also attracted 12 new members to
the group, which resulted in revenue increase in fees from N1800
(\$15.7) to N2400 (\$21). Marenic also suggested an easy method of oil
storage that can be used to store the peanut oil until a period when
price and demand were high.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Female 36

## **Volunteer Impact Summary** 

**FTF Expert:** Wayne Nishek

**Host Enterprise:** Gadangu Himma Fadama Farmers' Cooperative Society

**Dates at Site:** August 18 to 28, 2001

**Person interviewed:** Bala Isa, President, Gadangu Himma Fadama
Farmers Co-op Soc. Kunchi Local Govt. Area Kano State

**Date of Interview:** August 28, 2002

**Assignment Objectives:**

-   Provide new or improved products and/or services

-   Increased business efficiency or resource conservation

-   Successfully intervene on behalf of members with government or
    business

-   Production increases over pre-assignment levels

**Volunteer Profile:** Wayne Nishek completed undergraduate training in
Ag Engineering at North Dakota State University in 1967. From 1977-1981,
he participated in an appropriate technology project in Tanzania. From
1986 to 1990 he was an irrigation specialist for USAID/LAPIS project and
Acting Head of Department of the Agricultural Engineering Department at
Lesotho Agricultural College, Lesotho. In August 2001 he was recruited
to provide technical assistance regarding repair and maintenance of
water pumps in Kano, Nigeria.

**Host Background:** The Gadangu Himma Fadama Farmers' Cooperative
Society was formed by vegetable farmers in the lowland (Fadama) areas to
benefit from a government input distribution program. They were loaned
money to buy small 2"-3" water pumps for irrigation of their small
plots. Because the pumps gave the farmers problems and are often short
lived (average of two years) the farmers were finding it difficult to
make their loan payments. It was likely that most of the farmers would
not be able to pay back the loan. This would halt the loan process and
other farmers waiting for the same loan would not benefit unless
something was done.

**Principal Impacts:** Through this assignment the host organization was
able to considerably improve the quality and expand the range of
services provided to the members of the cooperative. Following the
volunteer's recommendation the host successfully intervened on behalf of
the members with the local ADP office and secured additional training to
be provided to the co-op members through the extension agents of the ADP
office. The skills and training from the volunteer were successfully
disseminated among other co-op members. Through the improved use of the
agricultural equipment the co-op members managed to increase production
of vegetables by 43% on average, which allows them to increase the
overall profitability of their operations. The financial sustainability
of the host was enhanced as the members pay their membership dues more
eagerly now when they are offered better quality services by the co-op
and are making more out of the resources they have. Overall, the
frequency of visits to the local mechanic has been reduced by 40%.
According to the co-op, loan payment has increased by 20% because
farmers adhered to special checklists introduced regarding the
preparation of the water pumps for work and for storage.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Male 10 (+54 from other cooperatives)

## **Volunteer Impact Summary** 

**FTF Expert:** Dennis Bergquist

**Host Enterprise:** College of Agric Staff Multi-purpose Co-op Society,
Jalingo-Taraba

**Dates at Site:** June 23 to July 5, 2001

**Person interviewed:** Auta Biyos, President; Holiday Mikailu,
Treasurer

**Date of Interview:** December 2, 2002

**Assignment Objectives:**

-   Assist the cooperative to determine their vision, mission and goals

-   Provide intensive training on cooperative function, organization and
    management

-   Assist the cooperative to review their by-laws

-   Assist the cooperative to draw a work plan and develop a business
    plan

**Volunteer Profile:** Dennis Bergquist established the Center for
Global Education in Agriculture, which responds to the needs of the
global community requesting academic and technical programs to improve
economic development through partnerships with United States and global
colleges, universities, business and industry. He facilitates networking
to provide technical training for agriculture with a humanitarian
emphasis. Bergquist has provided services to extension advisory service
orientation training in US and arranged equipment financing through
cooperatives.

**Host Background:** The College of Agric Multi-purpose Cooperative
Society, Jalingo, was formed in 1998 with the aim of pooling funds for
the purpose of providing relief to members in times of need,
particularly during farming season. In 2000, the co-op sought a
short-term loan of over N3million (\$26,087) on behalf members from a
commercial bank for the purpose of undertaking farming activities. The
loan and interest thereto was paid promptly. However, the money
generated from members' share and contribution is used mainly as loan
for the purchase of cars and household electronics. The cooperative does
not conduct any business on behalf of members and therefore, depends
only on the internally generated funds. Pressure is mounting on the
directors on the distribution of the loan and other members waiting on
the queue are restless and disgruntled. This therefore calls for finding
other ways of making money for the cooperative to be able to take on
more members per loan.

**Principal Impacts:** College of Agric Multi-purpose Cooperative
Society, Jalingo adopted a 52-week work plan for the poultry project.
The board expressed to the general assembly the need for additional
business for the cooperative. The general assembly gave approval for the
establishment of a poultry (egg) business based on the presentation of
the report of a 2-man business plan committee. The sum of N320,000
(\$2,783) was released to the newly constituted poultry project team for
disinfectants for the poultry pen and procurement of accessories and
500-day-old chicks. The day old chicks were expected in December 2002,
two poultry attendants and a poultry assistant have been employed.
Bergquist assisted in putting together a new vision and mission for the
cooperative and also helped them to realize the patronage principle of
cooperatives. The volunteer assisted the co-op with inputs for their
by-laws and was able to provide straightforward and concise information
on the roles and responsibilities of members and officers of
cooperatives. As a result, the members are considering reexamining their
officers for future responsibilities.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Female 5

Male 73

**Volunteer Impact Summary**

**Winrock Expert:** Bob Dever

**Host enterprise:** Chedin Nasarawa Fadama Farmers Co-op Society Lmt.

**Dates at site:** December 13, 2002.

**Person interviewed:** Mallam Ali Umar (Treasurer)

**Assignment objectives:**

-   To train the co-op how to develop business plan.

-   To train how to keep records.

-   To train how to develop short and long term goals.

-   To train how to conduct election.

-   To train how to conduct effective services to members.

**Volunteer profile:** Bob Dever has over 20 years experience working
closely with cooperatives. From 1970-1997 Bob worked in several
capacities in various cooperatives. His strength however, is in
financial and accounting matters, marketing and sales. He also
participated actively in long range planning. His responsibilities while
working with Land O' Lakes included member relations, public relations
and government relations, all which are cardinal in the progress of a
cooperative.

**Host background:** The co-op was established in 1989 by December of
2002 membership had grown to 26 paying members. They produce tomatoes,
sugar cane and onion in the dry season and corn, sorghum, millet,
cowpea, and peanut in the wet season. Presently the co-op has assets
worth \$370. Since its establishment 14 years ago, the co-op members
have had little success at working together.

**Principal impacts:** Since the co-op received training on cooperative
development it has improved the services provided to the members
tremendously. They have requested the drilling of tube wells for dry
season farming and have procured seeds on behalf members. As a result of
the training and skills received from the volunteer the co-op members,
for the first time are jointly cultivating a half hectare of mixed crops
from June to December 2002 and harvested 350kg of mixed crop. This led
to an estimated profit gain of \$93. The volunteer's financial
contribution of \$148 also encouraged the host. The co-op purchased one
bull for the fattening program at the cost of \$155 using the money
offered by the volunteer. As a result of this FTF assignment a new co-op
with 25 members was formed in December 2002, six months after the FTF
assignment.

### 

**Direct beneficiaries:** 175 Men

# Volunteer Impact Summary 

**Winrock Expert:** Janelle Eggert

**Host Enterprise:** Unguwan Magajiya Fish Farmers Cooperative Society

**Dates at Site:** February 17 to March 1, 2002

**Person interviewed:** Salihu Ahmed Suleiman-Secretary

**Assignment Objectives:**

-   Increased production

-   Increased business efficiency

-   Increased revenue

-   Increased profit

-   Adopting practices to improve water management

**Volunteer Profile:**

Janelle Eggert is a community and cooperative development specialist.
She has worked in cooperative development, training, marketing planning
and community visioning and planning with foundations and cooperative
development organizations for over 10 years. Ms. Eggert has experience
in environmental protection, agroforestry, extension techniques, report
writing, decision making, business principles, financial management and
business planning, and has implemented income generating projects to
expand nursery activities.

**Host Background:** The cooperative was formed in 1999 with 20 members
who started growing fish in burrow pits abandoned after road
construction works. At the time of the assignment the co-op had 12
members, with 10 participating in the training. They were encouraged to
produce fish by Kaduna Agricultural Development Authority extension
staff. Water supply to the pits is dependent on rain during the periods
of May to October. The members work together but do not keep records of
activities or events. They do not have a decision-making structure or
set goals for the cooperative. Therefore, they are unable to determine
the status of there cooperative business.

**Principal Impacts:** The cooperative realized the need for a
record-keeping system, including financial records. This system was
created with the assistance of the KADP cooperative officer for the
cooperative to maintain. The cooperative gained more respect and
acceptance by the greater community through the visit of Ms. Eggert and
KADP staff. Through the collaboration with staff from the fisheries
department of the KADP, they learned some low-cost improvements that
could be made. As a result, membership increased from 12 to 16 within 3
weeks bringing a corresponding increase in revenue receipts from fees.
The number of their fishponds increased from 4 to 8. Catch weight
increased from 120kg to 160kg in ponds fertilized with poultry waste
from poultry feed waste.

**Direct Beneficiaries:** 10 Men

# Volunteer Impact Summary 

**Winrock Expert:** Wallace Rusch

**Host Enterprise:** Cassava Processing/Soap Making Women Industrial
Co-op

**Dates at Site:** April 24 to May 4, 2002

**Person interviewed:** Rhoda Makama, President

**Assignment Objectives:**

-   To provide ways of reducing labor in cassava processing.

-   To evaluate the cooperative's marketing strategy.

-   To advise on how to alleviate raw material constraints.

-   To train members on business planning.

**Volunteer Profile:** Wallace A. Rusch is an agribusiness volunteer
specialized in development courses in human resources, employee
development and education. He provided recommendations/supervision of
capital expenditures, lead board in policy developments, have the
cooperative become more involved within the community and provide
leadership and vision for this multi-faceted farm supply cooperative. He
has over 40 years experience in managing a farm supply cooperative and
is the owner/manager of his own private business. He possesses excellent
problem solving, interpersonal, teambuilding, financial and
time-management skills. He also has the drive, dedication and skill
needed to provide effective leadership in a volunteer assignment of this
nature.

**Host Background:** The cooperative was formed in 1987 with 27 members.
The group undertakes the production of cassava, which serves as raw
material for garri production. They also produce other crops such as
maize, rice, sweet potatoes and sorghum. Garri is a staple food in the
community and highly demanded in the market. Processing is maximized
during peak harvest from November through to March. During this period
the price of falls, however from April through to October the price
increases dramatically when supply of raw cassava thins. In a typical
year scarcity of raw material causes a large number of processors to
halt production and close temporarily until there is an improvement in
the supply of cassava.

**Principal Impacts:** Through the volunteer intervention there is an
opportunity to create wealth and also provide members with more time to
do other things. An improved cassava press donated to the co-op has not
only reduced intensive labor in the processing activity but also
improved the efficiency in the processing and quality of the product
while improving the quality level of hygiene in the processing. The
sharing and distribution of responsibilities among members of
cooperative has further strengthened their capacity to produce more and
reduce production time. This resulted increase in production is followed
by a corresponding increase in income from \$14 to \$28 per week.

**Direct Beneficiaries:** 90 Men

### Volunteer Impact Summary

### 

### Winrock Expert: David A. Koehler, Ph.D. & Mr. Steve Popovich

**Host Enterprises:** Family Unity for Sustainable Development
Foundation (FUSD), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

> Community Development and Mobilisation Services (CDMS) of the Farmers
> Development Union (FADU), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

**Dates at Site:** April 22, 2002

**Person interviewed:** Mrs. Mercy O. Ekop Executive Director, FUSDF

**Assignment Objectives**:

-   Increase capacity of agricultural associations to achieve
    sustainable service delivery

-   Strengthened rural finance system to provide credit and other
    services to agricultural enterprises

**Volunteer Profile**:

Dr. David Koehler is a self-employed environmental consultant and this
is David's third Winrock assignment in 3 different countries. Steve
Popovich is a private natural resources consultant and sole proprietor
of Wildhorse Consulting, Shoshone, Idaho. Steve has fifteen years
federal government service implementing management and conservation of
vegetative resources on public land in Western US. This was the first
Nigerian experience for both of them.

**Host Background**:

FUSD Foundation is a non-governmental, non-political organization
established to promote cooperation in finding solutions to meet with and
accomplish the need for sustainable development, especially at
grassroots level and with women. The foundation has its headquarters in
Ibadan. One of the foundation's area of activities is to help transfer
new technology to the grassroots farmers either as groups (cooperatives)
or as individuals in the area of agricultural production, food
processing, post-harvest processes, training development and financing
of agricultural enterprises. Community Development and Mobilization
Services (CDMS) is an entity with an NGO (Farmers Development Union,
FADU) that deal with grassroots involvement in agricultural practices.
They give out loans to small groups of farmer's cooperatives. They also
help in organize these cooperatives in the areas in which they
specialize e.g. crop/livestock production, processing of agricultural
products etc. They also support the farmers with production inputs. The
loans they give range between \$50 and \$1000, on which the interest
rates is between 3% and 5%.

**Principal Impacts:**

David Koehler and Steve Popovich's training on organization of
cooperatives and rural associations helped the farmers in southwest
Nigeria increase from 226 to 281 cooperative societies. Each
organization increased in membership by an average of ten and those that
increased to over 100 were split into two separate organizations for
better management. David and Steve trained the farmers on using farming
practices such as, crops, post-harvest, processing, and utilization as
criteria for structuring their cooperative. Based on this recommendation
the farmers have reconstructed their old cooperatives; as a result the
cooperatives have been strengthened, due to more common goals. They have
also worked together to acquire market information on market demand and
prices. The farmers have now successfully developed new market
strategies to reduce the dependence on middlemen and they now market
their produce directly, which has increased profits by 10%.

**Direct Beneficiaries:** 156 Women

> 105 Men

### Volunteer Impact Summary

### 

### Winrock Expert: George Awalla 

**Host Enterprise:** Rural Sector Enhancement Program (RUSEP),
International Institute of

> Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Oyo State.

**Dates at Site**: September 12 to September 29, 2002

**Persons interviewed**: Dr. Kehinde Makinde, Agricultural Economist,
Rural Sector Enhancement Program, International Institute of Tropical
Agricultural (IITA), Ibadan, Oyo State.

**Assignment Objectives**:

-   To develop strategies and train farmers on marketing of agricultural
    products

-   To train farmers on how to produce quality produce that meets market
    demands

-   To develop training materials on marketing of agricultural products

**Volunteer Profile**:

George Awalla has a B.S. degree in Agriculture Education and Extension
from Egerton University, Kenya. He also has a certificate in
microcomputer applications and a certificate in information system
management from the Institute of Management of Information Systems (UK).

**Host Background**:

The Rural Sector Enhancement Program (RUSEP) is a market-led technology
transfer initiative funded by United States Agency for International
Development (USAID) and implemented by IITA in partnership with Winrock
International and the Projects Coordinating Unit of the Federal Ministry
of Agriculture and Rural Development. The program was established in
July 2001 and it is currently operating a pilot phase in 4 of the 36
states in Nigeria (Abia, Adamawa, Katsina and Oyo states). The primary
objective of RUSEP is to develop domestic and regional agricultural
markets through the identification of market opportunities,
dissemination of market information, training, technology transfer, and
development of linkages that will enhance profitable agribusiness
entrepreneurship and agro industrial expansion in Nigeria. In each pilot
state, RUSEP provides appropriate technology options with identified
market opportunities. This is complemented with support services such as
facilitating access to seed, fertilizer, and other agrochemicals,
processing machines, and credit through innovative partnerships with
relevant institutions.

**Principal Impacts:**

Farmers were introduced to the processes involved in meeting marketing
standards such as grading, weighing and packaging. The farmers now dry
their maize and sorghum on clean platforms, pick out dirts and foreign
materials, weigh and package properly against the previous method of
packing grains unsorted in any available bag. The farmers discovered
potential markets for their maize and sorghum as a result of market
analysis and development. During the assignment, farmers were linked to
agro-industries for marketing of their grains and agro-chemical firms
for purchase of fertilizers and other inputs. The farmers revenue has
increased by about 28% due to price increase from \$14 to \$17.5 on a
100KG bag of maize or sorghum. They developed action plans and
strategies that were used to train other farmers as facilitated by the
Farmer-to-Farmer volunteer; Mr. Awalla in conjunction with Winrock RUSEP
staff, Dr. Makinde. The skills for market analysis and development were
passed on to extension agents for further training of other farmers.

**Direct Beneficiaries:** 15 Women

60 Men

**Volunteer Impact Summary**

**Winrock Experts:** Mr. Martin Klein and Mrs. Barbara Klein

**Host Enterprise**: Poultry Farmers Association affiliated to Farmers
Development Union (FADU), Bashorun, Ibadan, Oyo State.

**Dates at Site**: November 29 to December 13, 2001.

**Persons interviewed**: Mr. Samuel Gbegbin, Field Operations Manager,
FADU.

**Assignment Objectives**:

-   Increase production

-   Increase agro-business efficiency or resource conservation

-   Improve training materials and skills

-   Improve capabilities, practices or technologies

**Volunteer Profile**:

Martin and Barbara Klein are the owners of a poultry farm with 40,000
laying hens. They have raised chicks and practiced a complete
immunization and disease control program. They are also involved in
wholesale and retailing of chicks throughout New England. The retail
store on their farm premises included dairy, health and gourmet foods.
They hire, train and manage residential agricultural workers and part
time egg packing employees. They are also responsible for all
bookkeeping, marketing, operations, diagnosis of infection, nutrition,
and conservation and pollution control.

**Host Background**:

The poultry farmers association is an affiliate of Farmers Development
Union (FADU) are solely engaged in layer production with few combining
broiler enterprise targeted at period of festivities. The farmers have
an average population of birds ranging from 500 to 15,000. Their system
of management is intensive, but all farm operations are manual. Most of
the farmers operate a deep-litter system with few using battery cages.
Egg production rate ranges between 60-80% at peak periods. The farmers
operate in semi-urban and urban areas.

**Principal Impacts:**

As a result of volunteers' intervention, there is a gradual shift from
the usual deep litter system of poultry farming to the battery cage
system of poultry farming. The adoption process is gradual because of
the relatively large capital requirement of the system. But the farmers
now have a firm understanding of the advantages of the battery cage
system, which include; efficient space management, better sanitation,
less labor input requirement, reduction in egg breakage and cannibalism
among the birds.

The farmers have also learned to established a joint marketing systems,
a platform upon which they can jointly determine and control the supply
and pricing of their produce based on market information and in
addition, learned to seek external markets and supply outlets for their
produce.

It was observed that some farmers were using the same feed ratio for
broilers and layers due to lack of knowledge of feed formulation to meet
layers' and broilers' nutrients requirement. The use of the same feed
formulation for different birds resulted in delayed growth and
expenditure on inputs and feeds otherwise not necessary. Since the
farmers began to separate their broilers from the layers and feed them
with the appropriate rations based on the volunteers' recommendation,
the stunted growth problem has been reduced to a minimum. Similarly the
gestation period of layers before the start of egg production has been
reduced from 24+ weeks to 20-21 weeks while broilers attain table size
by 9-10 weeks compared with the previous record of 12 weeks.

After the assignment, the poultry farmers numbering 55 came together to
form a common marketing outlet in which they jointly determine the price
of their produce based on market information. This enables them to sell
at least at the average market price of \$2 per crate of 30 eggs and at
the same time seek external markets and supply outlets.

Furthermore, some of the farmers who practice integrated farming now use
the poultry wastes as organic manure as recommended by the volunteers to
enhance the fertility of their farmlands, thus, reducing environmental
pollution from poultry wastes.

**Direct Beneficiaries:** 2 Women

55 Men

# Volunteer Impact Summary

### Winrock Expert: Mary Carmen Yamamoto 

**Host Enterprise**: Organo-Mineral Fertilizer Pilot Plant, University
of Ibadan

**Dates at Site**: September 7 to September 21, 2002

**Persons interviewed**: Professor J. A. I. Omueti, Project Co-ordinator

**Assignment Objectives**:

-   Reduce composting time

**Volunteer Profile**:

Mary Carmen Yamamoto holds an Associate degree in Agricultural
Administration from Apukay Institute, Lima Peru and at the time of the
assignment a final year student at Earth University, Guacimo, Costa
Rica. The assignment provided her an excellent internship and an
opportunity to share her technical expertise and experience in
composting and waste management research and development.

**Host Background**:

The Organo-Mineral Fertilizer Production Pilot Plant was established in
1995 at the University of Ibadan to help alleviate the fertilizer need
of especially resource poor farmers and to promote environmentally
friendly agricultural production. . It is located on a two-hectare plot
of land within the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. In 1999, this Pilot
Plant received a grant of \$50,000 from Raw Materials Research and
Development Council (RMRDC), a parastatal under the Federal Ministry of
Science and Technology, to promote and increase the production of
organo-mineral fertilizers. The grant was for the installation of
machines and other material and/or logistic support. The research into
organo-mineral fertilizers was initiated to alleviate the fertilizer
needs of farmers. The organic materials are composted in open sheds,
dried before been pulverized by passing them through the fertilizing
blending plant. This process takes about eight weeks and is considered a
major problem, as it will affect the turnaround time and production
levels.

**Principal Impacts**:

The volunteer's assignment helped the University and Federal Government
of Nigeria save about \$40,000 as it displaced the need for three
Nigerian scientists to travel to Malaysia for a three weeks training on
how to collect natural microorganisms to facilitate composting.

The volunteer provided this technical knowledge on how to collect, mix
and cultivate the appropriate micro-organisms to effectively reduce
composting time from eight to four weeks. She helped to establish long
term tests that would confirm this reduction in the composting period
for several different mixes of organo-fertilizer compounds. As a result
of Mary's technical assistance, the production level of the
organo-mineral fertilizer pilot plant at the University of Ibadan, which
is seven tonnes per production cycle, will increase to about 14 tonnes
per production cycle.

Research students of the institution have taken up the challenge from
where the Winrock volunteer stopped to further research into many other
areas necessitating the manipulation and regulation microbial
environment such soil and water pollution. Ms. Carmen Yamamoto also
created simple training brochures for the students and farmers.

**Direct Beneficiaries:** 7 Women

4 Men

### Volunteer Impact Summary

**Winrock Expert**: Mark Rieger

**Host Enterprise**: Cross River Cashew Development Project (CRCDP),
Nigeria.

**Dates at Site**: June 2 to June 23, 2001.

**Persons interviewed**: Messrs Julius Egede and Ben Ubi, Project
Officers, CRCDP.

**Assignment Objectives**:

-   Introduce project Field Officers to alternative methods of
    establishment of cashew plantations, other than seedling transplant.

-   Educate staff on the maintenance and utilization of cashew pulp and
    nuts.

-   Sensitize rural farmers on the importance and profitability of
    cashew as a cash crop for export.

**Volunteer Profile**: Mark Rieger is a Professor of Horticulture with
specialization on tropical tree crops at the University of Georgia,
Athens, USA. He has conducted research on the environmental stress
physiology of many fruit crops with grants from various donors.
Professor Rieger has won many academic awards including the President's
scholar award, University of Florida 1986. His present employment
involves 54% research and 46% instruction.

**Host Background**: Cross River Cashew Development Project (CRCDP) is
an arm of the Agricultural Development Program (ADP) of Cross River
State. The CRCDP is commissioned to oversee the establishment of 10,000
hectares of cashew plantation by the State Ministry of Agriculture. It
has a coordinator and six Field Officers with a range of education in
agriculture (Masters Degree -- Diploma in Agriculture). The state
government directly funds the group.

**Principal Impacts**:

Messrs Julius Egede and Ben Ubi reported that CRCDP adopted about 60% of
the volunteer's recommendations. A major achievement was the
discontinued use of seedling transplant for plantation establishment as
advised by Mark Rieger. The cost of plantation establishment has been
reduced from \$34.50/ha using seedling transplant to \$4.32/ha using
direct seeding. This is a significant \$30.18/ha drop in cost
representing 87.5% savings, which translates to saving more than
\$38,000 on the 1265 ha that have been established through direct
seeding. Also, ten private farmers have individually established 24ha of
new cashew plantations after discussions with the volunteer. Another
three farmers have established 5ha of cashew trees under the United
Nations Development Programme (The UNDP's rural livelihood program is
supporting the promotion of cashew as an export cash crop for small
farmers). With the training from Mark Rieger, the CRCDP staff members
are now providing technical assistance to the UNDP farmers. Mark Rieger
is currently facilitating the acquisition of improved cashew germplasm
from Brazil that will be grafted on the existing stands at maturity.
This will add improved varieties as well as prolonging the productivity
of the plantations.

**Direct Beneficiaries:** 35 Women

> 234 Men

####### **Volunteer Impact Summary**

**Winrock Expert**: Kathleen Friedman

**Host Enterprise**: Diocesan Development Services (DDS), Nigeria

**Dates at Site**: June 28 to July 14, 2001.

**Persons interviewed**: Sister Catherine Oguonu, Program Coordinator
DDS Women Resource Center

**Dates of Interview**: April 21 to April 23, 2002

**Assignment Objectives**: The main objectives of the assignment were
to:

-   Provide improved training to resource persons in adult literacy
    program on effective methods of communication.

-   Improve the training skills and materials of elementary school
    teachers in Igalaland.

**Volunteer Profile**: Kathleen Friedman is an elementary school teacher
with about 29 years experience. She holds an MA in Educational
Psychology. Her expertise is in developing curriculum and writing skills
for infants' education and creating Classroom aids on how to teach
reading. Mrs. Friedman has received several educational awards amongst
which are Governor's Teacher Recognition Award for the State of New
Jersey 1989; Montclair Fund for excellence Grants 1991, 1993 and 1995.
This FtF assignment is Mrs. Friedman's first time a volunteer and was
her first trip to Nigeria.

**Host Background**: The Diocesan Development Services (DDS) is a
non-governmental organization (NGO) operating in the Igala area Kogi
State, Nigeria. The organization represents the development branch of
the Catholic Diocese of Idah (DOI). Its remits and functions are guided
by Christian principles: loving your neighbor as yourself, justice and
equality. The major thrust of DDS is agriculture and agro-related
projects. These form the broad base for self-reliant projects in an area
as rural as Igalaland, which lacks industries. The savings and loans
scheme initiated in 1971 continues to be a major means of capital
accumulation as well as collateral for the agricultural credit scheme,
still enjoying a repayment rate of about 99%. The four major thrusts are
Farmers Self-Reliance Program (FSRP); Agricultural Innovations Programs
(AIP); Village Development Program (VDP) also known as the Women
Resource Center (DDWRC); and Water Development Program (WDP). DDS gets
funds for its activities from international donors and revenue general
from their local activities that includes farming (crop and livestock)
and farmer credit and savings scheme.

**Principal Impacts**: Sister Catherine Oguonu reported that DDS Women
Resource Center adopted all the recommendations by Kathleen Friedman to
the animation of adults (women) towards educational empowerment.
Fifty-nine of the 66 trainees that participated in the communications
lessons can now read and write as against 28 before the volunteer's
intervention. This represents 47% increase. Also the 5 elementary school
teachers that attended the training have adopted Kathleen Friedman's
methodology (which includes use of pictorials as learning aids) in their
respective schools. This will improve the capabilities of about 200
pupils/session (40 pupils/teacher/session).

Kathleen Friedman also introduced the use of pattern books and magazines
to knitting in the skills acquisition program of DDWRC. Forty-five
percent (30) of the 66 women in attendance have adopted the use of these
materials thereby producing new designs of knitted woolen items that
sell at an average of \$2.50 (250 Naira), an increase of 66.7% over the
usual average cost of \$1.50 (150 Naira). With an average monthly
production of 60 knitted items (720/year), an additional income of
\$7200/year is expected. Also, additional 18 adults have registered for
training with the program this year.

Mrs. Friedman has donated knitting materials worth about \$300 to DDWRC
since her return to the US.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Female: 70

Male: 1

##### Volunteer Impact Summary

### Winrock Experts: Julie Albrecht, Ph.D. 

Georgia Jones, Ph.D.

**Host Enterprise**: Nasarawa Agricultural Development Programme.

**Volunteers' Dates at Site**: January 31^st^ -- February 16^th^, 2002

**Person interviewed**: Mrs. Janet Sunday

**Dates of Interview**: September 26, 2002

**Assignment Objectives**: The main objectives of the assignment were
to:

-   Increased production and marketing of high-value agricultural
    products.

-   Generation of new or improved set of products.

-   Increased revenue through increased sales of soya bean products as a
    result of volunteer intervention.

-   Hosts providing new or improved products and /or services.

**Volunteer Profile**:

**Julie Albrecht and Georgia Jones,** PhDs. are Associate Professor and
Assistant Professor respectively of the Department of Nutritional
Science and Dietetics at the University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Both Dr.
Albrecht and Dr. Jones had vast experience in extension work and are
Extension Food Specialists at the University of Nebraska. They both have
several research publications to their credit. While Julie had had
international work experience in third world countries, Georgia had
none, however, this was their first assignment in Nigeria. It was
successful and they enjoyed every bit of it.

**Host Background**:

These groups are basically women farmer multipurpose cooperative
societies formed between 1997 and 2000 within the same geographical
area. They are mostly into soya bean production and processing into
local uses such as, soya bean flour, soya bean soup, and soya bean
'kunu' (a local beverage). Most of what is processed is for family
consumption and the bulk of the soya bean is sold unprocessed at low
prices. Each group is made up of an average of 25 members all of which
are women. Apart from their individual farms, their joint farms size
ranges from 8-10 ha yielding between 4-8 metric tons per annum.

**Principal Impacts:**

Generally, farmers in the communities produce soya bean where these
women groups exit. The bulk of it is sold at very low prices due to lack
of sufficient knowledge on processing and utilization. This has led to
continued poor farmers income and low standard of living. However, the
intervention of the volunteers greatly improved the farmers' knowledge
and skill in soya bean processing and utilization, thus adding value to
their soybean. This has led to better income for some of the farmers at
Garaku and increased soya bean production by 60% in the area. However
this figure could not be confirmed, as there were no previous records
apart from the average land sizes of the groups. Also Garaku reported an
increase in membership of the group from 26 before to 72 after the
workshop. While in Obi, women that were not into soya bean production
have gone into the business as a result of the workshop. The cumulative
effect of these would be improved processing and utilization of soya
bean thereby improving the nutritional status of the families involved,
their income from soya bean and ultimately improved standard of living
of the farmers.

.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Female: 198

Male: 32

# Volunteer Impact Summary 

**Volunteer Expert:** Thomas Dobler

**Host Enterprise:** Mambila Dairy Cooperatives

**Dates at Site:** November 11-22, 2002

**Person interviewed:** Dr. Usman Ardo, Coordinator, Mambila Dairy
Cooperatives; Ardo Dabo, Chairman, Kautal Dairy Cooperative, MayoNdaga.

**Date of Interview:** June 27, 2003

**Assignment Objectives:** The main objectives of the assignment
includes:

-   Training to impart practical technique of recto-vaginal artificial
    insemination of cows.

-   Training on handling of semen and AI accessories

**Volunteer Profile:** Thomas Dobler who is currently running his own
dairy farm-Cedar Rose Dairy Farms Inc, Burlington, Colorado began a
lifetime of dairy with 20 grade cows and 160 acres of farmland and
grass. During the next 25 years the farm grew to 400 milking cows and
all supporting young stock. He exports females as well as bulls into
artificial insemination organizations. The milking herd has continued to
grow and currently is at 475 cows with a rolling herd of 23,500 pounds
of milk. Apart from working on his farm, Tom has traveled wide sharing
his knowledge and expertise: Forage production and management, Egypt
(2001) for ACDI/VOCA; manure management, Egypt (2000); Dairy management
in Macedonia (1997); dairy management in Tanzania (1995); Milk quality
and marketing in Nicaragua; Herd management in Ecuador (1990).

**Host Background:** Mambila Dairy cooperative was initiated by Land O'
Lakes in 2001 through the assistance of volunteer Leroy Vanicek. Through
the Farmer-to-Farmer program, Land O' Lakes formed five dairy
cooperatives in Mambila, Taraba State to enhance the production
activities of the livestock farmers. The have democratically elected
their officers and have set up committees to run the affairs of the
primary cooperatives. Through their coordinator, the cooperatives
contributed money and procured 500 does of Holstein - Friesian bulls
from Worldwide Sires, Ltd, California with the assistance of the
Nigerian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, through Land O' Lakes.

**Principal Impacts:** 33 cooperative-based Fulani pastoralist of
Mambila plateau, drawn from the five dairy cooperatives were trained and
have acquired the skill of recto-vaginal technique of artificially
inseminating cows, handling of the AI accessories and placement of
semen. The five cooperatives decided to form a coordinator body. This
resulted in the formation of the FOMBINA DAIRY UNION with the assistance
of Land O' Lakes volunteer. The UNION established linkage with the
National Veterinary Research Institute in Vom-Jos for sourcing liquid
nitrogen to preserve their semen.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Male: 33

# Volunteer Impact Summary 

# 

# Volunteer Expert: Thomas P. Tylutki

**Host Enterprise:** Garko Farms

**Dates at Site:** March 9-23, 2003

**Person interviewed:** Danjuma Ali Garko, Chief Executive Garko
Agricultural Enterprises, Kano

**Date of Interview:** June 24, 2003

**Assignment Objectives:** The main objectives of the assignment
includes:

-   Formulate dairy feed using local ingredients such as crop residue.

-   To impart skill for feed formulation to Garko Farm

-   Increase milk production by 5% over current production level

**Volunteer Profile:** Thomas P. Tylutki is a professor of animal
science in Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. He is currently an
independent consultant for Venture Milling, assisting in technical
support, research and development, quality control, and formulation. At
the Cornell University, Thomas is responsible for teaching animal
nutrition course, leading the development of an integrated nutrient
management tool, and assisting in the management of a group of graduate
students. From 1995-1999, Thomas worked as an extension dairy specialist
on the CCTTS dairy and Field Crops team in Dryden, NY.

**Host Background:** Garko Agric Services is a private cattle ranch made
up of breeding stock, milking cows and fattened bulls. It was
established in 1991 as Sheep farm and latter was up graded to cattle
ranch in 1992. The farm started with local white Fulani 'Bunaji breeds
and the red bororo 'Rahaji' breeds. In 1995 he brought in one Friesian
bull from West African Milk Company (WAMCO) in Jos. Today, there are
over 90 cows all of which fall within 25-50% Friesian and Simmental,
crosses. There are over 70 are dams with only two bulls, the rest are
calves. This farm plays a great role in the area of milk and meat supply
to the populace of Kano city; through the supply of fresh milk to
processors who collect the milk directly form the farm. The business of
the farm involves local rearers and cattle owners who depend on the farm
for their household and commercial milk during the dry season. The
average milk yield from the farm is 150 liters per day (average yield of
milk per cow per day is between 7-8 litres). The aim of the farm is
provide milk to the public and generate revenue to the farmer to cater
for his needs.

**Principal Impacts:** Outline of improved cattle nutrition via
inclusion of sugar or starch feedstuff was offered to the host; further
improved nutrition through the use of modern feed analytical methods and
formulation technology. Due to the improved nutrition, milk production
on all farms implementing the improved nutrition would increase by
25-50% per cow per day. This translates into an increase from 3 liters
per cow per day to 3.75-4.5liters per cow per day. With a unit price of
N50 per liter, an expected increase in revenue of N37.5-N75 per liter
will bring in about N1,125-N2,250 (\$8.8-17.6) per cow per month. The
feed formulation and feeding strategy recommended will save Garko Farm
and all the farms implementing this strategy N24,483 (\$191) per weaned
calf. On Garko Farm that receives 20 calves a year, this adds up to
N489,666 (\$3,825.5). As a result of this assignment, a regional dairy
producers association (Kano State Dairy Producers Association) was
established. This association will focus on improving communication
among farmers to increase their productivity and share new ideas.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Male: 5 (+30 members of Nyamruki Dairy Cooperative)

# Volunteer Impact Summary 

**Volunteer Expert:** Dave Calley

**Host Enterprise:** Garko Farms

**Dates at Site:** June 24-July 3, 2003

**Person interviewed:** Danjuma Ali Garko, Chief Executive/Managing
Director, Garko Agricultural Enterprises, Kano State.

**Date of Interview:** July 3, 2003

**Assignment Objectives:** The main objectives of the assignment
includes:

-   Design a new or improved housing plan for proficient herd
    management.

-   To impart skill for calf and heifer management to Garko Staff

-   Reduce cost of feeding by 5% over current cost of production

**Volunteer Profile:** Dave Calley retired form Pioneer Hibred
International, Colby, WI. He has returned to his farm, which he began in
1958 and managed while working with Pioneer Hibred. While on the farm he
worked as a Dairy Farm Operator up till 1989 during which he nurtured
the project from start to peak. Dave also had experience working as a
volunteer for Land O' Lakes in Mexico twice, as a Nutrition and Forage
Production Specialist.

**Host Background:** Garko Agric Services is a private cattle ranch made
up of breeding stock, milking cows and fattened bulls. It was
established in 1991 as Sheep farm and latter was up graded to cattle
ranch in 1992. The farm started with local white Fulani 'Bunaji breeds
and the red bororo 'Rahaji' breeds. In 1995 he brought in one Friesian
bull from West African Milk Company (WAMCO) in Jos. Today, there are
over 90 cows all of which fall within 25-50% Friesian and Simmental,
crosses. There are over 70 are dams with only two bulls, the rest are
calves. One of the bulls is a 75% cross between a Simmental bull with
and Friesian dam. The second bull is a progeny of Friesian parents (75%
cross). 80 cows on the farm, ranging from 50-70% crossbred cattle with
Simmental and Friesian breeds. This farm plays a great role in the area
of milk and meat supply to the populace of Kano city; through the supply
of fresh milk to processors who collect the milk directly form the farm.
The business of the farm involves local rearers and cattle owners who
depend on the farm for their household and commercial milk during the
dry season. The average milk yield from the farm is 150liters per day
(average yield of milk per cow per day is between 7-8litres). The aim of
the farm is provide milk to the public and generate revenue to the
farmer to cater for his needs. Through Garko Farm, Kano State Dairy
Producers Association was formed with 5 foundation members.

**Principal Impacts:** Host and members of Kano State Dairy Producers
Association can weigh their cows and monitor the progress of improved
nutrition on their cows, thanks to volunteer Dave Calley, who brought
along two heart girth tapes and taught the farmers how to use them. In
addition, they now know when to take the calf away from the cow after
calving; the number of days of milking the colostrums for the calf and
when to begin milking for the market; the appropriate quantity of milk
to be fed to the calf; when to start the calves on starter mix and the
right time to wean the calf for maximum productivity. This assignment
was just concluded, we anticipate and more definite impact in 6-12
months time. Following the progressive trend of volunteer assignment,
the members of Kano State Dairy Producers Association have elected
officers of the association to take over from the steering committee.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Male: 9 (+30 members of Nyamruki Dairy Cooperative)

# Volunteer Impact Summary 

**Volunteer Expert:** Phillip W. Woodworth

**Host Enterprise:** Garko Farms

**Dates at Site:** June 24-July 3, 2003

**Person interviewed:** Danjuma Ali Garko, Chief Executive/Managing
Director, Garko Agricultural Enterprises, Kano State.

**Date of Interview:** July 3, 2003

**Assignment Objectives:** The main objectives of the assignment
includes:

-   Provide comprehensive management strategy of transition cows.

-   To impart skill for transition cow management on Garko Farm

**Volunteer Profile:** Phillip Woodworth has diversified background in
farming with extensive experience in crop production, dairy production,
swine production, sheep production, beef production and poultry
production. He owns and operates family farm of 700acres for 20 years.
His dairy project includes 60 milking cows with an average production of
20,000 pounds per year; raised 30 heifers per year for replacement and
sale; raised 30 steers per year for slaughter

**Host Background:** Garko Agric Services is a private cattle ranch made
up of breeding stock, milking cows and fattened bulls. It was
established in 1991 as Sheep farm and latter was up graded to cattle
ranch in 1992. The farm started with local white Fulani 'Bunaji breeds
and the red bororo 'Rahaji' breeds. In 1995 he brought in one Friesian
bull from West African Milk Company (WAMCO) in Jos. Today, there are
over 90 cows all of which fall within 25-50% Friesian and Simmental,
crosses. There are over 70 are dams with only two bulls, the rest are
calves. One of the bulls is a 75% cross between a Simmental bull with
and Friesian dam. The second bull is a progeny of Friesian parents (75%
cross). 80 cows on the farm, ranging from 50-70% crossbred cattle with
Simmental and Friesian breeds. This farm plays a great role in the area
of milk and meat supply to the populace of Kano city; through the supply
of fresh milk to processors who collect the milk directly form the farm.
The business of the farm involves local rearers and cattle owners who
depend on the farm for their household and commercial milk during the
dry season. The average milk yield from the farm is 150liters per day
(average yield of milk per cow per day is between 7-8litres). The aim of
the farm is provide milk to the public and generate revenue to the
farmer to cater for his needs. Through Garko Farm, Kano State Dairy
Producers Association was formed with 5 foundation members.

**Principal Impacts:** Host and members of Kano State Dairy Producers
Association were trained on how to sort cows and heifers to separate
pens 3 weeks prior to calving and the type of feed foe each category of
cows. A simple record-keeping template was designed for milk production
to serve as guide for culling procedure, which was done, arbitrary. Host
and other farmers realized that the level of sugar and starch in the
feedstuff is low accounting for part of the reason for the low milk
yield per cow. Specifically, the farmers learned to group their cows as
follows: Calves on milk; Weaned calves of 4-5 months; calves 5 months to
breeding; Heifers to be bred penned with dry cows and a suitable bull;
and, milking cows that in the first 60 days with a suitable bull. This
assignment was just concluded, we anticipate and more definite impact in
6-12 months time. Following the progressive trend of volunteer
assignment, the members of Kano State Producers Association have elected
officers of the association to take over from the steering committee.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Male: 9 (+30 members of Nyamruki Dairy Cooperative)

# Volunteer Impact Summary 

**Volunteer Expert:** John Dale Dunivan

**Host Enterprise:** Sebore Farms

**Dates at Site:** June 7-23, 2003

**Person interviewed:** Admiral Murtala Nyako, Executive Chairman,
Sebore Farms, Mayo-Belwa, Adamawa State.

**Date of Interview:** June 23, 2003

**Assignment Objectives:** The main objectives of the assignment
includes:

-   Provide new service.

-   Develop new training courses

-   Improved training materials and skills

-   Using new improved planning techniques

**Volunteer Profile:** John Dale Dunivan has extensive experience in
international development programs throughout Central and Eastern
Europe, Central Asia, Central America and the Philippines. Mr. Dunivan
has been directly involved in farming most of his life, including swine,
dairy, beef, grain and forage production. He has served as a supervisor
with the Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA), providing assistance
with production testing, record keeping and financial management. On his
farm of about 640 acres, he deals with the basic responsibilities
associated with improving genetics, feeding and nutrition, animal
health, marketing and financial management to achieve maximum
productivity and profitability.

**Host Background:** Sebore Farm is located in Mayo-Belwa, a town 116km
from Jalingo. It is situated on 500ha of land, which is currently
comprised of 60 Freisians, 20 Simmentals, 385 Adamawa Gudali breeds,
and35crosses of Simmentals x Adamawa Gudali, Simmentals x Sokoto Gudali.
Currently there are 50 milking cows producing about 500liters of milk
daily. 80% is processed into yoghourt, which is sold wholesale or
retailed on Sebore Farm. As the National President of the Practicing
Farmers Association of Nigeria (PFAN), the Chief Executive Sebore Export
Processing Farm, Vice Admiral Nyako decided to use his facilities to
create a favorable environment for providing technical assistance to
members of the PFAN in Adamawa Zone comprising semi-permanent
pastoralist groups in 5 contiguous local government areas. The request
for training on livestock husbandry and nutrition was informed by the
generally interest expressed by local farmers on the need for improved
management system.

**Principal Impacts:** Emphasis was made on the prevention, early
detection and control of mastitis. (The volunteer provided the farm with
a California Mastitis Test kit and demonstrated its use with the cows).
Staff and farmers acquired skill of conducting Body Condition Scoring as
a tool in determining adequate nutrition for improving production and
reproduction. From the volunteers recommendations, Sebore Farm commenced
the separations of the calves into distinct pens; categorizing the cows
according to the body condition scoring; separating the pregnant cows
approaching calving from the rest of the herd; using the energy
requirement of the cows to estimate amount of feed needed for the dry
season. He also left behind books, journals, dairy herd management
magazines, template of formats for recording keeping, and publications
on Management issues in raising calves and replacement heifers; overall
quality issues, including cleaning, sanitation and cooling of milk for
references.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Female: 3

Male: 6 (+150 members of a pre-Dairy Cooperative)

# Volunteer Impact Summary 

**Volunteer Expert:** Bill Healey

**Host Enterprise:** FOMBINA DAIRY UNION

**Dates at Site:** June 26-July 1, 2003

**Person interviewed:** Dr. Usman Ardo, Coordinator-FOMBINA UNION;
Alhaji Ahmadu-Chairman FOMBINA UNION, Mambila, Taraba State.

**Date of Interview:** July 1, 2003

**Assignment Objectives:** The main objectives of the assignment
includes:

-   Provide new services to members.

-   To increase business efficiency

-   To use improved planning technique using action plan

-   To acquire improved training skill

**Volunteer Profile:** Bill Healey is widely traveled with experience in
conducting seminars on financial management and reporting. He has
developed and promoted international reseller channel. Programs include
cooperative advertising and trade shows. His volunteer work and
activities include instructor for one week in Washington, DC. each year
with "A Presidential Classroom for Young Americans." which makes him
familiar with group dynamics, an essential ingredient in cooperative
development. He has worked for Land O' Lakes as a cooperative
development volunteer in Kano State, Nigeria with four cooperatives,
including a dairy group Nyamruki Yeso Wainabe Dairy Cooperative.

**Host Background:** Land O' Lakes initiated the formation of three
cooperatives on the Mambila Plateau, namely: Jiji (Gembu), Kautal
(Mayo-Ndaga) and Chabbel (Nguroje). Training was provided in cooperative
development followed by seminar on animal health and husbandry. In
November 2002, another training on artificial insemination was provided
to selected members of the three cooperatives by Land O' Lakes through
the Farmer-to-Farmer Program. Prior to the A.I. training, two new
cooperatives emerged. Naral Gori Cooperative Society of Kakara-Yerimaru
and Maisamari Cooperative Society. These cooperatives participated in
the A.I. training. After the training, the five cooperatives decided to
form the FOMBINA DAIRY UNION (FDU) to serve as a coordinating body.
Officials of the Union were elected from representative of the five
primary cooperatives. A follow up training on A.I. is being planned for
2003, in addition to strengthening the cooperative management skill of
the Union officials and, health and nutrition training for selected
cooperative members.

**Principal Impacts:** Increase in commitment from the member
cooperatives of FOMBINA DAIRY UNION through payment of N22,000 (\$172)
each by the five (5) primary cooperatives, this raked in N110,000
(\$859.4) into the UNION's purse as revenue from the artificial
insemination package. The UNION is committed to sourcing AI education
and feed on a collective basis from National Animal Production Research
Institute (NAPRI), Shika-Zaria. The UNION has set a regular time for
their meeting, which was not the practice in the past. The volunteer
developed a business plan for the UNION and an action for six months
(June to December 2003). As a result of this assignment, two women
pre-cooperative groups: Jiji with 20 members and Maisamari with 16
members, were formed. Both groups have put in place their respective
steering committees.

**Direct Beneficiaries:**

Female: 20

Male: 150