Number range CHAPTER**LIBRARY OF CONGRESS UPDATE**

**ALA Annual, Chicago, Illinois, June 2005**

**LC EXHIBIT BOOTH**

The Library's exhibit booth at the McCormick Place Convention Center in
Chicago is no. 2021. The booth coordinator is Robert Handloff. He will
arrive in Chicago on June 20.

[Presentations in the LC Exhibit Booth Theater]{.underline} (30 minutes
unless otherwise noted)

Diversity in the Library Workplace (Eric Eldritch): Saturday, 9:30.

Gathering Stories: An Oral History of Time and Place (Cheryl
Lederle-Ensign): Saturday, 10:00.

Digital Preservation at LC (Guy Lamolinara): Saturday, 10:30; repeated
Monday, 9:30, and Tuesday, 10:00.

*Classification Web\--*More New Features (Cheryl Cook): Saturday, 11:00;
repeated Sunday, 12:30; Monday, 1:00; and Tuesday, 12:00.

Workforce Diversity at the Library of Congress (Eric Eldritch):
Saturday, 11:30.

Using *Cataloger\'s Desktop\--*Quick Tips (Joan Weeks): Saturday,
12:00-1:00; repeated Sunday, 12:00-12:30 (sic) and Tuesday, 11:30-12:00.

*The Encyclopedia of the Library of Congress* (John Cole): Saturday,
1:00-2:00; repeated Sunday, 1:00-2:00.

The Library's Web site for the Media Savvy (Vickie Fortuno): Saturday,
2:00; repeated Monday, 10:30 and 2:30, and Tuesday, 10:30.

Veterans History Project-Veterans' Stories (Rachel Mears): Saturday,
2:30; repeated Sunday, 9:30, and Monday, 10:30.

Cataloger\'s Learning Workshop: Education Resources in Cataloging (Peter
Seligman): Saturday, 3:00; repeated Monday, 2:00, and Tuesday, 11:00.

Ways to Deliver LC's Cataloging Documentation (Peter Seligman):
Saturday, 4:00-5:00; repeated Sunday, 4:00-5:00, and Monday, 4:00-5:00.
This is a pre-registered focus group.

Chicago Treasures at the Library of Congress (Christine Pruzin and Laura
Gottesman): Sunday, 10:00.

Latin America, Spain, and Portuguese Offerings on the LC Web site
(Everette Larson): Sunday, 10:30-11:30; repeated Monday, 3:00.

Book Backdrops: Bringing Historical Fiction to Life with Primary Sources
(Gail Petri): Sunday, 11:30.

Poetry & Libraries: A Conversation with Ted Kooser, U.S. Poet Laureate:
Sunday, 2:00-4:00; repeated Monday, 11:00-12:00.

Accessibility for Library Events (Eric Eldritch): Monday, 1:30.

**CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE**

[Placing CRS Product Links on Congressional Web Sites]{.underline}

[Directive issued by the Committee on House Administration.]{.underline}
In 2003 the Committee on House Administration replaced a pilot effort in
the House, under which a small number of Members were able to
disseminate a limited number of Congressional Research Service products
electronically through their Web sites, with a new system available to
*all* Members and committees. This arrangement, which utilizes a mirror
site created by the Office of House Information Resources (HIR), makes
it possible for all Congressional offices to place links on their Web
sites to an even greater number of CRS products of their choosing than
were available under the pilot. Such links access the most up-to-date
version of each product. Congressional offices can use the CRS Web Site
to find the products they deem suitable for dissemination.

[Statutory restriction.]{.underline} The prohibition on publication of
CRS products without oversight committee approval appears in the annual
appropriations acts for the Legislative Branch. This provision is
intended to preserve the role of CRS as a confidential resource solely
available to the Congress. The appropriations acts, supplemented by
Congressional guidance that CRS has received over the years and
supported by judicial opinions, leave to the Members and committees the
decision whether, on a selective basis, to place CRS products in the
public domain. Members have long made CRS products available to
interested persons either directly, by inclusion in Congressional
publications, or through their own Web sites.

**U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE**

[Section 108 Study Group]{.underline}

The Section 108 Study Group, convened under the aegis of the National
Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) and
co-sponsored by the U.S. Copyright Office, began its work this spring.
The goal of the group, named after the section of the U.S. Copyright Act
that provides limited exceptions for libraries and archives, is to
prepare findings and make recommendations to the Librarian of Congress
by mid-2006 for possible alterations to the law that reflect current
technologies. This effort will seek to strike the appropriate balance
between copyright holders and libraries and archives in a manner that
best serves the public interest.

The creation of the study group was prompted in part by the increasing
use of digital media. Digital technologies are radically transforming
how copyrighted works are created and disseminated, and also how
libraries and archives preserve and make those works available. Cultural
heritage institutions, in carrying forward their missions, have begun to
acquire and incorporate large quantities of \"born digital\" works
(those created in digital form) into their holdings to ensure the
continuing availability of those works to future generations.

Section 108 of the Copyright Act permits libraries and archives to make
certain uses of copyrighted materials in order to serve the public and
ensure the availability of works over time. Among other things, Section
108 provides limited exceptions for libraries and archives to make
copies in specified instances for preservation, replacement and patron
access. These provisions were drafted with analog materials in mind,
and, as has been observed, do not adequately address many of the issues
unique to digital media, either from the perspective of rights owners or
libraries and archives. The work of the Section 108 Study Group will be
to review and document how Section 108 should be revised in light of the
changes wrought by digital technologies, while maintaining balance
between the interests of rights holders and library and archive patrons.

The Section 108 Study Group is made up of copyright experts from various
fields, including law, publishing, libraries, archives, film, music,
software and photography. It is co-chaired by Laura Gasaway, director of
the law library and professor of law at the University of North
Carolina, and Richard Rudick, former vice president and general counsel
of John Wiley and Sons. The group convenes for one and a half days every
other month; to date it has met twice, in April and June.

[Summary of Orphan Works Study]{.underline}

On January 26, 2005, the Copyright Office announced the beginning of its
study of issues surrounding \"orphan works\"---copyrighted works whose
owners are difficult or even impossible to identify and locate.

The study is a response to concerns that uncertainty surrounding
ownership of these works might needlessly discourage subsequent creators
and users from using works in socially productive ways, such as by
incorporating these works in new creative efforts, or by making them
available to the public. The study seeks to address these concerns by
soliciting public comment on the issue in order to determine whether a
legislative, regulatory, or other solution might be appropriate.

The study will be conducted in three basic phases. The first phase
involved the solicitation of written comments from the public. The
January 26th Notice of Inquiry published in the Federal Register invited
the public to submit written comments during an initial 60-day period.
The Office received approximately 700 unique comments before the
deadline of March 25, 2005.

After this initial period expired, the Notice of Inquiry also provided
for a 45-day period during which the public was invited to submit reply
comments addressing issues raised by the initial comments. The Office
received about 150 unique comments before this period concluded on May
9, 2005. Both the initial comments and the reply comments have been
posted on the Copyright Office Web site.

The next phase will involve the review and evaluation of the numerous
written comments. After some review, the Office will likely conduct
hearings in order to address further the most commonly raised problems,
and the most workable solutions. After this stage is completed, the
final phase will begin, during which the Office will further evaluate
the problems and solutions raised, and ultimately report its findings to
Congress.

**OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN**

**NATIONAL BOOK FESTIVAL**

The 2005 National Book Festival will be held on September 24, 2005 on
the National Mall in Washington. Pavilions at this year\'s festival will
include Children, Teens & Children, Fiction & Fantasy, Mysteries &
Thrillers, History & Biography, Home & Family, Poetry, the Library of
Congress Pavilion, and the Pavilion of the States (with librarians and
others from every state). The line-up of authors for the 2005 Festival
includes John Irving, Tom Clancy, Tom Wolfe, David McCullough, Tony
Hillerman, Nelson DeMille, Meg Cabot, Sue Monk Kidd, Chris Madden, and
Leeza Gibbons. An announcement event is planned for July 7 and the Web
site (\<www.loc.gov/bookfest\>), with biographies and photos of the
authors, will be available at that time. We expect attendance to exceed
the 85,000 who attended the 2004 National Book Festival.

**LIBRARY SECURITY AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS**

The Office of Security and Emergency Preparedness (OSEP) continued
developing the Library's security program, focusing especially on
building the Emergency Preparedness Program. The office has hired two of
the four permanent staff members for the new Emergency Preparedness
Division and anticipates hiring the remainder by mid-summer 2005.
Construction of the new Emergency Management Center in the Madison
Building is expected to be completed by the end of summer 2005. The
design for a new emergency public address system is ongoing, with
installation to begin by August 2005 and completion expected by the end
of summer 2006.

In addition to building the Emergency Preparedness Program, OSEP
continued strengthening the Library's collections security program. OSEP
coordinated preparation of the draft Strategic Collections Security
Plan, 2005-2008 (SCSP). The SCSP will supersede the October 1997 Library
of Congress Security Plan, which focuses solely on physical security
controls. The new SCSP integrates physical security, preservation, and
inventory management controls protecting the Library's priceless
collection of approximately 130 million items.

Of the many ongoing initiatives coordinated by OSEP with the Collections
Security Oversight Committee (CSOC), the Staff Assistance Visit (SAV)
program continues to improve security practices of the Library's staff
members. Led by an OSEP staff expert joined by a senior
librarian/collections management specialist, the first round of visits
to the more than 90 Library divisions was completed in September 2004,
and a second round of visits began in October 2004. In addition, CSOC's
Web site for patrons has attracted nearly 400,000 hits. Feedback
indicates that complaints have declined, as new patrons now arrive at
the Library aware of personal belongings restrictions, entry
inspections, and other security controls in place.

OSEP continued coordinating major security enhancements at the three
main LC buildings on Capitol Hill under the Library's 1999 Security
Enhancement Implementation Plan. The Adams Building perimeter security
improvements are nearly complete, and much of the Jefferson and Madison
Buildings perimeter improvements have been completed. All improvements
under the Security Enhancement Implementation Plan are expected to be
substantially completed in 2006.

**LIBRARY SERVICES**

The service unit realignment announced last July is expected to be
complete by the end of September. The realignment emphasizes the
collections; streamlines processes of acquisitions and cataloging; and
recognizes electronic resources as an increasingly important component
of the collections. Most of the fifty-three Library Services divisions
are now grouped into five directorates: Acquisitions and Bibliographic
Access (ABA); Collections and Services; Partnerships and Outreach
Programs; Preservation; and Technology Policy. The National Audio-Visual
Conservation Center and the American Folklife Center reported directly
to the Associate Librarian. The new organizational structure also
includes a Deputy Associate Librarian and an Administrative Services
Division. The realignment positions all divisions to work toward greater
resource sharing and more efficient work processes to improve service to
Congress and other Library users.

**ACQUISITIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC ACCESS DIRECTORATE**

**ACQUISITIONS**

[Casalini shelf-ready proposal.]{.underline} The Library launched a
shelf-ready pilot project in collaboration with Italian vendor Casalini
Libri to develop a model that will enable the Library to provide
bibliographic access more expeditiously and at lower cost by purchasing
shelf-ready materials from vendors. The focus of the project in recent
months (Phase 1) has been training and review of the descriptive and
subject cataloging of the Casalini produced records. Phase 2, through
the remainder of fiscal year 2005, will focus on Casalini's creating
authority work and completing the physical processing of books.

[Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) collection
transfers.]{.underline} In January 2005, the Library was notified that
the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was downsizing its
library and planned to transfer the bulk of its collection to LC. In
March and April, LC staff undertook a rigorous review of the HUD
collection (about 90,000 titles), selecting materials in the areas of
housing, urban affairs, community development, and law. These materials
ranged from hard-to-find historical agency reports and documents to
neighborhood maps. To aid in identifying unique materials, the Library
used an OCLC produced report comparing HUD holdings with those at LC.
The final transfer of materials will be completed in June.

[Duplicate Materials Exchange Program (DMEP).]{.underline} Progress
continued on the development of a Web site to host an online version of
the Library's Duplicate Materials Exchange Program (DMEP). The site will
employ online shopping cart functionality to allow DMEP's 2,600
partners, in 118 countries, to select materials that they would like to
receive in exchange for materials that they send to the Library. Partner
testing of the system has been completed. System launch is planned for
early summer. In exchange for DMEP materials, partners in fiscal year
2004 sent the Library approximately 13,000 monographs and 9,000
continuing serial subscriptions.

[Electronic Cooperative Acquisitions Program pilot.]{.underline} The
European/Latin American Acquisitions Division is developing a pilot
Electronic Cooperative Acquisitions Program, focused on Latin American
e-serials. The goal is to acquire commercial electronic journals in a
consortial arrangement, much as the Library already does with
traditional foreign collections materials through its Cooperative
Acquisitions Program, administered by the Overseas Operations program.

[International Electronic Exchange planning.]{.underline} The proposed
International Electronic Exchange, a pilot project in which the Library,
GPO and German government exchange sources would agree to allow
reciprocal access, downloading and archiving of government e-journals,
continued to take shape. A key component of this project will be the use
of the LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) open-source persistent
access preservation system. A written agreement should be in place
within the next several months.

[Overseas offices directors\' conference.]{.underline} Directors of the
Library's six overseas offices convened at the Library from May 23 to
June 3. The goals of the conference were to revisit their collection
priorities for the future, plan for future digitization projects and for
the expansion of cataloging responsibility in the offices. A one-day
session on Collections Development and Collaborations brought together
curators and area specialists from all parts of the Library that
interact with the overseas offices, as well as collection development
officials from three participants in the Cooperative Acquisitions
Program. Presenters concentrated on the essential materials and issues
in continuing to develop foreign collections on behalf of LC and
academic libraries, and in improving the ways the offices can serve
their government and academic customers. A session on Digital
Initiatives highlighted the issues and problems involved in integrating
analog and digital collection development overseas. Other sessions
discussed the acquisition and organization of ephemera collections in
the offices, and finalized the requirements for a new system to serve
the needs of the Cooperative Acquisitions Program.

[Serials subscriptions.]{.underline} A two-year moratorium on placing
new print serials subscriptions ended in April as the Serials Moratorium
Recovery project began. During the first month of the project,
approximately 1,100 new subscriptions were ordered at a cost of over
\$135,000. It is planned that by the end of the fiscal year the project
will be responsible for ordering about 2,500 new serials subscriptions.

**BIBLIOGRAPHIC ACCESS**

[Bibliographic Enrichment Advisory Team (BEAT)]{.underline} *see also*
[Electronic Resources Cataloging]{.underline}

The Bibliographic Enrichment Advisory Team (BEAT) is an Acquisitions and
Bibliographic Access Directorate initiative aimed at developing tools to
aid catalogers, reference specialists, and searchers in creating and
locating information. In addition to the items included in this report,
information on other major components of BEAT\'s work of enriching the
content of Library of Congress bibliographic records, improving access
to the data the records contain, and conducting research and development
in relevant areas may be found starting at the main BEAT Web page at
\<http://www.loc.gov/catdir/beat\>

[Automated Web Cataloging with the Web Cataloging
Assistant]{.underline}. An outgrowth of BEAT\'s Web Access to
Publications in Series project (see below), Web Cataloging Assistant has
now been in operation for one year. It is currently being used to
catalog monographs from 32 different series, and through May 31, 2005,
it has accounted for more than 2,800 electronic monographs cataloged.
This project evolved from the experiences that the Business and
Economics Cataloging Team gained in providing access at the individual
monograph level for selected series. However, it has now proved possible
to automate most of the process. As a result, the operation now allows a
cataloger to examine the abstract page for a particular monograph on the
Web; using computer and programmed functions, staff can then create a
MARC 21 record that is automatically added to the LC Database. This
record includes an abstract of the title represented. A cataloger
subsequently enhances that cataloging data to ensure that name headings
are established and may add subject headings if key words in the summary
do not adequately convey the topic.

[Web Access To Publications in Series]{.underline}. This project has
several facets, the first of which is to link many \"working
paper/discussion paper\" type series publications to their Web-based
electronic versions. To date, this initiative has provided access to the
full electronic texts of more than 30,000 individual monographs
comprehended by the 300 series processed in the project. A Web
-accessible database of *Technical Reports and Working Papers in
Business and Economics* for series covered by the project can be
accessed at
\<http://www.loc.gov/rr/business/techreps/techrepshome.php\>.

[Machine Generated 505 Table of Contents (MG 505).]{.underline} This
BEAT project adds full text table of contents (TOC) data to catalog
records--information that was previously available only through links
from within catalog records to LC\'s Web -based TOCs for those items. In
addition to English language materials, the project has recently
expanded to include items in German. The original TOC data was generated
from information captured from the scanned table of contents images from
books and is now being added to MARC 21 field 505 by computer programs.
Fields with such information are preceded by the legend: \"Machine
generated contents note:\" The 505 data are not reviewed for
punctuation. Because the scanned table of contents reflect a wide
variety of formats and structures, a small percentage of records may
contain errors in the placement and configuration of the 505 texts.
Begun in February 2005, this project has produced 10,000 machine
generated TOCs. A few sample LCCNs are 00010582, 00013089, 00048663,
00108641, and 00108641.

[Web Access to Works in the Public Domain.]{.underline} This project
makes links from the LC Catalog to full electronic texts of items for
which LC has an exact match in print represented in the LC collections.
The project depends on the cooperation of \"trusted\" partner
institutions such as research libraries and other organizations that are
digitizing freely available works. LC provides links to the electronic
versions from its catalog records for the print versions.

Two new collaborators are the RAND Corporation and the Thurgood Marshall
Law Library, University of Maryland. In the case of the former, over 680
links have been made to RAND publications via the RAND Web site
\<[http://www.rand.org/publications]{.underline}\>. In the second, over
140 links have been made to publications of the United States Commission
on Civil Rights digitized by the Thurgood Marshall Law Library,
University of Maryland at
\<[http://www.law.umaryland.edu/marshall/usccr/index.asp]{.underline}\>.

[BEAT Book Reviews projects.]{.underline} BEAT continues to expand
provision of access or links for works in the Library's collections to
stable, scholarly, and attributable sources for book reviews and several
recent initiatives have resulted in new collaborative agreements for
such material. One new partnership is with the College of Education at
Arizona State University and the Michigan State Libraries for the online
publication *Education Review* (ER). The project has linked to over 350
catalog records to corresponding ER reviews (\<http://edrev.asu.edu\>),
including some in Spanish or Portuguese.

A second new source for reviews is the Association for Library
Collections & Technical Services (ALCTS), a division of ALA, which has
granted LC permission to use and archive book reviews contained in
retrospective issues of its flagship publication, *Library Resources and
Technical Services*. Ultimately the project will include reviews from
issues as far back as 1999.

Ongoing reviews projects also include links to *H-Net Reviews in the
Humanities and Social Sciences*, the online journal of H-NET: Humanities
and Social Sciences Online; to sections of annual compilations on
reference books that appear in *American Libraries* with permission
granted by the Reference and User Services Association, a division of
ALA; to reviews for monographs from a separately maintained database at
LC for the *Handbook of Latin American Studies* (HLAS) and to the *MARS
Best Free Reference Web Sites* selected by the Machine-Assisted
Reference Section (MARS) of RUSA.

[Collaborative project to study iVia software.]{.underline} The Library
is in discussion with the INFOMINE Project (\<http://infomine.ucr.edu\>)
at the University of California, Riverside about establishing a
cooperative agreement to test the iVia software
\<http://infomine.ucr.edu/iVia/\>) developed for the INFOMINE project.
The iVia software harvests, analyzes, and processes metadata from Web
sites and other digital objects for use in the INFOMINE database of
electronic resources. The parties believe that it would benefit the
library community worldwide to incorporate the Library's subject
authority and classification data into the iVia automatic classifier
capability. It is thought that the incorporation of this data will
improve the ability of the iVia software to generate metadata useful to
the Library and other libraries, with minimal intervention by cataloging
staff. The goal of the cooperative agreement would be to test this
hypothesis.

[Cataloging in Publication (CIP)]{.underline}

Cornell University Libraries has begun to create records in the
Electronic Cataloging in Publication (ECIP) program. Explorations began
in 2003 for a decentralized CIP pilot program in which institutions
other than the Library of Congress would perform cataloging for certain
CIP materials. Libraries were identified that share the following
characteristics: the library participates in the Program for Cooperative
Cataloging (PCC), the library uses the Voyager integrated library system
software, and the library is associated with a publisher that is an ECIP
participant. Six to eight such libraries were identified, among them
Cornell. The first ECIP record was created by Cornell on April 28 for
the title *Notes from Toyota-land* by Darius Mehri, LCCN 200511566.
Cornell provides full descriptive cataloging, subject cataloging, and an
LC class number (the 050 subfield \"a\" in the MARC 21 bibliographic
record). Cornell also performs all authority work needed. Staff at LC
complete the Library of Congress call number. A similar experiment is
being established with Northwestern University and Northwestern
University Press.

During the last five fiscal years, 2001-2005, the number of
bibliographic records produced through the ECIP program has increased
362 percent, from 7,468 in fiscal year 2001 to 34,513 projected for
fiscal year 2005. The percentage of ECIP bibliographic records
containing tables of contents (TOCs) in the 505 field of the MARC 21
record has more than doubled, from 17 percent in 2001 to 38 percent
projected for all of fiscal 2005. We are finding, from various reports
related to how users access LC data and Web sites, that entry to the
online catalog via the TOCs is a prime means of access. The TOCs provide
meaningful search results for users.

[Cataloging Policy]{.underline}

[CPSO query and communications policy.]{.underline} The Cataloging
Policy and Support Office (CPSO) appreciates and values the help offered
by users and other libraries in achieving quality cataloging records. To
facilitate the management of its query files and to provide senders with
timely assurance that their concerns are being met, CPSO has devised a
priorities list. The following will be handled as quickly as possible in
this order:

1\. Responses to queries on LC cataloging policy and practices.

2\. Follow-up on suggestions for improvements to CPSO documentation and
training.

3\. Resolution of authority record problems and the correction of
corresponding headings in bibliographic records related to current
cataloging.

4\. Consolidation/deletion of duplicate name, series, or subject
authority records.

Note that CPSO may forward queries in the above categories, especially
in non-Roman scripts, to the appropriate LC language specialists, who
will balance the queries with their other workloads.

In most cases a message acknowledging receipt of the correspondence will
be sent without elaboration or subsequent follow-up, with the
expectation that the sender can search the appropriate database or the
LC OPAC to ascertain that the correction has been made.

The following categories of reports will be handled as time and
resources permit, without any follow-up response:

5\. Errors in subject analysis (subject headings or classification).

6\. Typographical errors and errors in content designation that do not
affect access in either a bibliographic or an authority record.

7\. Other.

PCC members are reminded that LC's Cooperative Cataloging Team and
CONSER staff provide support to contributors of the NACO, SACO, BIBCO,
and CONSER programs and notices may be sent directly to their assigned
NACO liaison at the addresses provided at
\<http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/naco/coopcat.html\>

The complete text of the CPSO Query and Communications Policy statement
is available on the CPSO home page at:
\<http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/queries.html\>

[Headings for government-designated parks, forests, etc]{.underline}. In
March 2005, after reviewing and evaluating the comments received in
response to a December 2004 proposal, CPSO announced a change in policy
regarding the establishment of headings for government-designated parks
and forests. This change is intended to address the fact that these
headings are most often needed as subject headings for works about these
parks and forests, but are occasionally needed as main or added entries
for works emanating from the administrative entities that manage or
oversee them. The essential point of the \"two heading\" policy decision
is that any such park or forest could potentially be represented by two
separate headings, one designating the physical, geographic entity
(established as a subject heading tagged **151** in the MARC 21 format,
usually with a geographic qualifier), and one designating the corporate,
administrative entity (established as a name heading tagged **110**,
with the qualifier **(Agency)**). Approximately fifty existing name
headings for national parks and forests will be revised to use the
qualifier **(Agency)** rather than a geographic qualifier and will be
retagged **110**. As necessary, a counterpart subject heading, tagged
**151** and with a geographic qualifier, will be established for each.
Bibliographic records in the Library of Congress OPAC will be updated as
necessary. As new headings are needed in the future, they will be
established either as name or subject headings, according to the usage
needed. The new practice will apply to national parks and forests;
analogous entities such as national battlefields and national wild and
scenic rivers; and entities of any of these types established at the
state, provincial, departmental, etc., level.

[Headings for Indian tribes recognized by the U.S.
Government]{.underline}. CPSO has determined that names of Indian tribes
recognized by the U.S. government as legal entities will henceforth be
tagged 151 (Geographic name) in name authority records rather than 110
(Corporate name), as they were previously tagged. This change in status
of headings for tribal entities to 151 (Geographic name) will enable
these headings to be used as jurisdictions when needed in cataloging.
When a heading of this type is used to represent a government (110), the
MARC 21 indicator will be set to \"1.\" These headings may also be used
as geographic subdivisions, subdivided directly. This is in keeping with
the guidance provided in rule 21.35 of the *Anglo American Cataloguing
Rules* 2nd edition (AACR2) in regard to treating tribal entities as
national governments. Background information and details on establishing
names of Indian tribes can be found at

\<[http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/tribes.html]{.underline}\>

[Changes in subject headings for drug addiction and
smoking]{.underline}. Subject headings related to drug addiction and
smoking have recently been updated to eliminate archaic or inaccurate
terminology and to reflect current usage. The most significant of these
changes were as follows:

*Old heading New heading*

Cigarette habit Smoking; Nicotine addiction

Cocaine habit Cocaine abuse

Heroin habit Heroin abuse

Morphine habit Morphine abuse

Narcotic addicts Drug addicts

Narcotic enforcement agents Drug enforcement agents

Narcotic habit Drug addiction

Narcotics dealers Drug dealers

Opium habit Opium abuse

Smoking cessation programs Smoking cessation

Tobacco habit Tobacco use

The complete lists of changes can be found in Library of Congress
Subject Headings Weekly List 13 (March 30, 2005) and Weekly List 19 (May
11, 2005). The weekly lists are available at
\<http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso\>

[Database improvement]{.underline}. On June 28, 2004, CPSO began a
one-year pilot project for a Database Improvement Unit to develop,
analyze, and document maintenance procedures for the online catalog.
Under the direction of the Subject Headings Editorial Team leader, staff
for the pilot consist of three catalogers and one cataloging technician.
To date, the database improvement pilot has updated more than 360,000
records, mainly obsolete subject headings as well as other access points
on bibliographic records.

[Copy Cataloging]{.underline}

On May 16, 2005, the Arts and Sciences Cataloging Division staff entered
into a pilot for a period of one year. The pilot assigns additional
responsibilities to both catalogers and cataloging technicians. In the
past catalogers were chiefly responsible for preparing original and copy
cataloging, while cataloging technicians were chiefly responsible for
the shelflisting of this cataloging. During the pilot, catalogers will
complete the original cataloging for records in their entirety,
including shelflisting. Cataloging technicians will complete the copy
cataloging in its entirety of all new receipts in the division for which
copy is received or later identified. Cataloging technicians will be
responsible for validation and verification of the descriptive and
subject aspects of the cataloging record as well as shelflisting. This
model, which is embraced in many library settings, is a major innovation
in the LC cataloging environment.

[Electronic Resources Cataloging]{.underline}

[Bicentennial Action Plan.]{.underline} There will be no LC Conference
2000 Action Plan Forum at this Annual Conference.

The RUSA/LC Forum on Metadata for Reference Needs, which is an outgrowth
of the LC Bicentennial Conference on Bibliographic Control for the New
Millennium held in November 2000, will be held on Sunday afternoon, June
26, at 2:00 in Salon VI of the Palmer House Hilton. The featured speaker
will be Jane Greenberg, associate professor, School of Library and
Information Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She
will discuss her work in the AMeGa (Automatic Metadata Generation)
project. Carolyn Larson, business reference specialist in the Library of
Congress Science, Technology, and Business Division, will provide
commentary.

[ER Cataloging Expansion.]{.underline}. The ABA Directorate has begun to
implement two sets of recommendations to expand bibliographic access to
digital content:

\"Recommendations for Modes of Cataloging for Electronic Resources\"
calls for the directorate to apply three modes of cataloging for digital
content: AACR2/MARC 21; MODS; and Web guides. The modes apply to
monographs and integrating resources, both digitized and born-digital.
The report sets bibliographic access into the context of the Digital
Lifecycle Planning Framework developed by the Office of Strategic
Initiatives. The full report is available at
\<http://www.loc.gov/catdir/stratplan/goal4wg2report.pdf\>.

The report recommends the use of an access-level record that would
emphasize subject access rather than descriptive detail for
remote-access electronic resources such as non-serial Web sites. A
contract funded by the Office of Strategic Initiatives supported the
definition in spring 2004 of a core data set for the access-level record
as applied to these resources. An experiment that compared access level
cataloging to full-level cataloging for remote-access non-serial
electronic resources, begun in December 2004, has shown that original
cataloging at access level offers considerable savings over full level,
even when full-level copy is available.

\"Recommended Workflows for Cataloging Electronic Resources\" describes
a workflow featuring summaries of content to be supplied by recommending
officers (collection development staff). The main thrust of the report
is to have much greater collaboration between the collection development
and cataloging staffs in providing access to digital content. Full
report is available at
\<http://www.loc.gov/c.atdir/stratplan/goal4wg4report.pdf\>

[Selection initiative.]{.underline} The Computer Files and Microforms
Team, Special Materials Cataloging Division, worked with recommending
officers (i.e., collection development specialists) in the Machine
Readable Reading Room (MRR) and with LC selection officers to produce a
draft that refines the Collection Guidelines for Electronic Resources
for direct access resources. This task was assigned by the Director for
Acquisitions & Bibliographic Access. The draft details the types and
quantity of materials for retention in the MRR and other reading rooms.
Recommending officers in the Science Reference Section, the Serial and
Government Publications Division, and elsewhere in the Library were also
consulted. Before implementation of the draft guidelines, vetting by
stakeholders is required as well as approval by the Director; meanwhile,
staff have begun sorting arrearage materials with a view to cataloging
first those materials given high priority in the draft collection
guidelines.

[National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections (NUCMC)]{.underline}

NUCMC is a cooperative cataloging program that provides and promotes
bibliographic access to the nation's documentary heritage. The NUCMC
Team, Special Materials Cataloging Division, administers the program and
provides archival cataloging in the RLIN bibliographic utility for
manuscript repositories that are not members of a bibliographic utility.
The team continues to work on three special projects: the Montana Union
List Project (MULP), the Cooperative Historically Black Colleges and
Universities Archival Survey Project (CHASP), and the Maine Historical
Collections Project (MHCP).

The NUCMC Web page \<http//www.loc.gov/coll/nucmc\> has been re-designed
since the last ALA Conference and has had 48,679 \"hits\" in the first
eight months of fiscal year 2005 (October-May). As the RLIN21 database
migration continues, the NUCMC searching gateway is pointed to a frozen
version (as of mid-February) of the AMC file in the RLG Union Catalog.

The NUCMC Team has received training in *DACS (Describing Archives: A
Content Standard),* which replaces *Archives, Personal Papers, and
Manuscripts (APPM)* as the standard for manuscript cataloging, and
intends to start implementing the new standard for its new cataloging in
June.

[Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) Activities]{.underline}

[BIBCO Operations Committee Meeting, May 5--6, 2005.]{.underline}
Roxanne Sellberg (Northwestern University) chaired the annual BIBCO
Operations Committee (OpCo) meeting, May 5--6, 2005. Carlen Ruschoff
(University of Maryland at College Park), chair of the PCC Task Group on
the Mission Statement, presented the proposed mission statement to the
PCC OpCo participants. Based on the discussion, the task group revised
the proposed mission as follows: \"The Program for Cooperative
Cataloging supports access to information resources, with a focus on the
changing needs and expectations of the end user. The Program achieves
its goals through cooperative efforts to increase cost-effective use and
timely availability of authoritative records. These records are created
via the traditional cataloging standards (currently AACR/MARC based) or
derived from other bibliographic files and resources according to
accepted standards. The Program assists with the promulgation of
standards, develops education opportunities and training for catalogers,
and influences the development of discovery tools in its support of
record creation activity.\" During the ALA Conference in Chicago, the
PCC Policy Committee will meet to finalize the mission statement and
discuss its implications for the forthcoming revision of the PCC
Strategic Plan.

[Standing Committee on Standards (SCS).]{.underline} Committee chair
Paul Weiss (University of California San Diego) and the SCS summarized
the PCC comments on the December 2004 draft for AACR3 Part 1. Comments
from PCC members were sent to the ALCTS Committee on Cataloging:
Description & Access (CC:DA), which is charged with reviewing and
developing positions on proposals to rule revisions within ALA and in
consultation with other organizations. The comments from CC:DA were then
sent to the Joint Steering Committee for the Revision of AACR (JSC). The
PCC comments urged that the new draft contain broad and clear
principles, have fewer detailed rules, allow for more cataloger
judgment, address more levels of cataloging, allow records to be
compatible with AACR2 records, address copy cataloging, be training
compatible, and allow for ease of transfer from AACR2.

[NACO.]{.underline} NACO continued to expand internationally as the
National Library of Australia became a member and several Canadian
institutions formed a funnel project, in which one institution reviews
and submits name authority contributions for a number of participants.
Other new funnels are the Tennessee NACO Funnel and the Virginia
Project. In addition, Westminster College and Idaho State University
joined the Mountain West Funnel. Other new NACO institutions are the
National Indian Law Library, Dartmouth College, University of Iowa,
University of Iowa Law Library, School of Visual Arts, New York City,
and the Brooklyn Museum.

[SACO.]{.underline} SACO achieved status as the full-fledged component
program of the PCC for subject and classification authorities.

[CONSER.]{.underline} Michigan State University is the newest full
member of CONSER, the PCC\'s serial cataloging component.

[LC copy cataloging of serials.]{.underline} A CONSER task group has
been charged to look at the records and procedures that the Library of
Congress Serial Record Division (SRD) put in place for its new serials
copy cataloging workflow. The Task Group to Study LC Copy Cataloging for
Serials, composed of CONSER members and other stakeholders, will
determine how well the records identify and provide access to the
resources they describe. The task group will also make recommendations
about copy cataloging standards that might be used more widely by other
CONSER and PCC members. The charge, membership, and all other documents
related to the topic are available at
\<http://www.loc.gov/acq/conser/new-docs/lccopycat.html\>.

[RLIN21 Implementation]{.underline}

Implementation of the Web-based RLIN21 technical services client has
affected production of JACKPHY cataloging records in the Library of
Congress Regional and Cooperative Cataloging Division, Special Materials
Cataloging Division and in the Acquisitions Divisions that support these
operations. While a dozen staff members tested the new client between
its inception on March 1 and April 18, other JACKPHY staff cataloged
English-language material and prepared authority records. All JACKPHY
staff began to use the new RLIN21 client after April 18. However,
production since that date has been slowed by frequent periods of
RLIN21\'s down-time and slow-time.

*Cataloging (Books and Serials) Production*

> FY05 Oct.-March FY04 Oct.-March

LC Full Core-Level Cataloging 88,231 87,288

Copy Cataloging 25,764 20,831

Minimal-Level Cataloging 11,967 9,674

Collection-Level Cataloging [1,913]{.underline} [1,908]{.underline}

TOTAL records created 127,875 119,702

TOTAL volumes cataloged N/A N/A

New Authority Records

Names 41,415 43,659

Series 4,856 4,036

Subjects [3,168]{.underline} [3,671]{.underline}

TOTAL records created 49,439 51,366

For more information contact: Beacher J. Wiggins, Director for
Acquisitions and Bibliographic Access, Library of Congress, 101
Independence Ave., S.E., Washington, DC 20540-4300 (or email:
bwig@loc.gov).

**CATALOGING DISTRIBUTION SERVICE**

*Cataloger\'s Desktop* on the Web (see
\<http://www.loc.gov/cds/desktop\> and \<http://desktop.loc.gov\>) is
now in its second year and new resources have been added, most notably
the National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), NLM
Policy for Subject Analysis and Classification, and Recursos de
Catalogación en Espaol. CDS is currently surveying the product\'s
subscribers to determine future enhancements and to learn whether there
is a continuing need for the CD-ROM version of *Desktop* after the end
of the current subscription year. One-on-one demonstrations and daily
theater presentations will be available to visitors at the LC exhibit
booth at ALA.

*Classification Web* ( see \<http://www.loc.gov/cds/classweb\> and
\<http://classificationweb.net\>). More than 1,600 sites with nearly
9,000 concurrent users subscribe to this product, which was introduced
in 2002. Of particular interest to public and foreign libraries, the
LC/Dewey correlations have recently been added. Enhanced links into
WebDewey will be available in 2005. *Class Web* includes the entire
Library of Congress Subject Headings and Library of Congress
Classification schedules. Plans are currently under consideration to add
the LC Name Authorities in the second half of 2005. One-on-one
demonstrations and daily theater presentations will be available to
visitors at the LC exhibit booth at ALA.

*LC Classification Schedules* (see
\<http://www.loc.gov/cds/classif.html\>. Five new editions were
published in the first half of 2005: H: Social Sciences (2005 edition
expected in June)\... PR, PS, PZ: English and American Literature.
Juvenile Belles Lettres...PB-PH: Modern European Languages...PT: German,
Dutch, and Scandinavian Literatures\...G: Geography, Maps. Anthropology.
Recreation. Three new editions are scheduled for publication later in
2005:

P-PA: Philosophy and Linguistics (General). Greek Language and
Literature. Latin Languages and Literature...PJ-PK: Oriental Philology
and Literature, Indo-Iranian Philology and Literature...PL-PM: Languages
of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania; Hyperborean, Indian, and Artificial
Languages.

[New cataloger training products]{.underline} \<(see
http://www.loc.gov/cds/training.html\>. The newest CDS training
materials are available from the Web site as economical PDF files: Basic
Subject Cataloging Using LCSH (2004) and Basic Creation of Name and
Title Authorities (2005) are both under the \"Cooperative Cataloging
Training Program\" (CCT). *Rules & Tools for Cataloging Internet
Resources* (2004) is the first publication from the \"Cataloging for the
21st Century\" program; four more are coming over the next two years. A
revised edition of Integrating Resources (2005) is available and a
revision of Advanced Serials (2005) is nearly complete. Both are under
the Serials Cataloging Cooperative Training Program (SCCTP).

[MARC Distribution Services (MDS)]{.underline}. Since April 2005, the
current issues of MDS\--Books All and its subsets, MDS\--Books English
and MDS\--Books U.S., contain OCLC Replacement PREMARC records. These
are older bibliographic records that were originally retrospectively
converted from the Library's card shelflists by Carrollton Press and
replaced with updated OCLC versions. See
\<http://www.loc.gov/cds/notices/premarc.html\> Distribution of the
approximately 1.2 million \"OCLC replacement\" records for monographs
(identified by field 906 \$c = oclcrpl; 985 \$e = OCLC REPLACEMENT) has
been delayed for various reasons after they were originally purchased
from OCLC in 1993-1997. The distribution is now taking place at the rate
of 5,000 to 15,000 records per day. The code \"premarc\" is added in
field 042 to the OCLC replacement records for monographs before they are
distributed, to signal an older OCLC record, which OCLC has decided not
to load into its database since it might displace a more up-to-date
version. (The code \"premarc\" has also been used in records for serials
but from a different perspective.)

Most of the OCLC replacement records are in the original state as
received from OCLC years ago. The CDS announcement about the
distribution of the OCLC replacement records cautioned subscribers about
some of the data content in the records, e.g., the headings and
treatment of series have not been searched to assure they reflect
authoritative forms that may occur in current LC authority files.

At the end of calendar year 2005, CDS will no longer distribute
cataloging records generated by the Government printing Office (GPO).
The implementation of a new Integrated Library System (ILS) at GPO
provides an opportunity for the records to be distributed directly from
GPO. See

\<http://www.loc.gov/cds/notices/gpo.html\> for further details.

[Documentation survey and focus group.]{.underline} A Cataloging
Documentation Survey, developed jointly by CDS and CPSO, will begin
mid-June and end July 31. The survey seeks input from both LC catalogers
and CDS customers about the content and structure of LC cataloging
documentation and the viability of various documentation delivery
formats, such as PDF. In the LC exhibit booth theater, CDS will host
three sessions of a focus group to explore further some of the issues in
the CDS/CPSO Cataloging Documentation survey. Focus group registration
will have taken place prior to the ALA Conference.

[Cataloger's Learning Workshop.]{.underline} Cataloger's Learning
Workshop (CLW) portal \<www.loc.gov/catworkshop\> is a joint initiative
of the PCC, ALCTS, and CDS. The CLW Web site is the infrastructure for
delivering joint PCC/ALCTS training materials to libraries. The content
developed for these courses is jointly owned by ALCTS and the PCC and
will be maintained by a joint task group. CDS is the publisher and
distributor of workshop materials. One such course is Basic Creation of
Name and Title Authorities, which will be offered as an ALCTS ALA
Preconference, June 24-25, 2005, in Chicago. For registration
information, see
\<http://www.ala.org/ala/alcts/alctsconted/alctsceevents/alctspreconf/nametitleauthority.htm\>

Bruce Johnson, CDS, has recently been elected the President-elect of the
Association for Library Collections & Technical Services (ALCTS), a
division of ALA.

[Federal Library and Information Center Committee (FLICC)]{.underline}

Susan Tarr, executive director of the Federal Library and Information
Center Committee (FLICC) for more than ten years, retired on February 3,
2005. Kathryn Mendenhall, chief of the Library's Cataloging Distribution
Service, assumed duties as interim executive director beginning February
4, 2005. She will serve in that capacity until the executive director's
position is filled. The position was posted in late April. The posting
is now closed.

[National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped
(NLS)]{.underline}

[Digital progress]{.underline}. During fiscal year 2004, the National
Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (NLS), Library
of Congress, entered the conversion phase of its plan to implement
digitally based systems and services that will lead to the introduction
of digital talking-book (DTB) media and playback machines in 2008.

**PRESERVATION DIRECTORATE**

[National Digital Newspaper Program]{.underline}

The National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP), a partnership between the
National Endowment of the Humanities (NEH) and the Library of Congress
(LC), is a long-term effort to develop an Internet-based, searchable
database of all U.S. newspapers with descriptive information and select
digitization of historic pages. Supported by NEH, this rich digital
resource will be developed and permanently maintained at the Library of
Congress. An NEH grant program will fund the contribution of content
from, eventually, all U.S. states and territories. For the next 2 years,
the program will be in a development, or pilot, phase - investigating a
viable and extensible program model for funding and digitization in
awardee states, creating a sustainable digital repository, and exploring
varying technical approaches for the processing and accessibility of
these digital materials.

In March 2005, NEH announced a total of \$1.9 million to 6 award
recipients (in California, Florida, Kentucky, New York, Utah, and
Virginia) for digitizing 100,000 newspaper pages each from microfilm for
the initial content in the program\--institutions with access to
newspaper master negative microfilm, practical experience with
newspapers, and existing digital library program infrastructures. In
May, these awardees joined NEH and LC for a 2-day conference on the NDNP
program, digital preservation plan, technical specifications and
deliverables. LC has begun converting from microfilm its own historical
newspapers that fit the pilot time period, 1900-1910, for the District
of Columbia, its adopted \"state,\" and launched a program Web site that
includes detailed information on all aspects of NDNP.

Next steps in our development plans are releasing a program Web site
describing a range of program guidelines and technical specifications
(www.loc.gov/ndnp/), developing production tools for awardees to use in
validating digital assets before materials are ingested into the
repository, building and populating the NDNP repository with both LC's
own converted pages and sample digitized materials from each awardee,
and creating and testing the user interface prototype that will provide
access and searchability for the NDNP data. In addition, award
institutions will shortly be able to make their deliverables of NDNP
data using Internet2 technologies, greatly enhancing the productivity
and efficiency of LC\'s data aggregation. By early 2006, we plan to
begin user testing and stress-testing the repository environment,
preparing for a September 2006 public release.

[Mass Deacidification Program]{.underline}:

Since the 1970\'s, the Library of Congress has provided international
leadership in solving the worldwide problem of deteriorating, acidic
paper. With a successful mass deacidification program in place since
1995, the Library has to date treated through contract more than
1,000,000 bound volumes and over 2,000,000 sheets of manuscript
materials from our National collections. This has been accomplished by
the Bookkeeper Mass Deacidification Process, an advanced preservation
technology that neutralizes the acid in paper and ensures paper
longevity through addition of an alkaline reserve. Through a series of
contracts in the past 10 years, the Library has succeeded in extending
the useful life of at-risk, paper-based artifacts (books and
manuscripts) from their normal useful life of perhaps 50-100 years to a
projected life expectancy of approximately 300 to 1,000 years, depending
upon the level of acidity and degradation at the time an item is
treated.

In the future, we anticipate deacidifying 250,000 books and 1,000,000
pages of manuscripts per year through our mass deacidification program,
treating approximately 8.5 million volumes and 35 million sheets of
unbound acidic Library materials over the course of a generation.

[Binding and Collection Care Division]{.underline}

In the coming months, the Library will be receiving delivery of a new
box-making system, the Kasemake, which will help to expand the housing
options currently available. This new system includes an extensive
library of boxing styles and allows the operator to design new ones. It
is also able to accommodate a wide variety of materials.

[Preservation Reformatting Division]{.underline}

To ensure access to collections that are time-sensitive, either because
of use or inherent vice, over 2 million pages were photocopied or
converted to microfilm or digital format meeting preservation standards.
An effort is underway to convert master negative holdings information of
foreign newspapers from paper-based records to electronic form. The
Library will share this important information with research libraries
through its own integrated library system (ILS) and via the
NEH-supported International Coalition on Newspapers (ICON) union list
database. Holdings information for most titles published in Latin
America is now available via the Library's OPAC.

[Collections move to Ft. Meade.]{.underline} A second team of
conservators continued to prepare collections for their move to offsite
storage at Fort Meade, Maryland. Module 1 is now completely full with
approximately 1.5 million books. More than 20,500 requests have been
received for items stored at Ft. Meade over the past 30 months. The
retrieval success rate remains at 100 percent. The state-of-the-art HVAC
mechanical system provides excellent environmental conditions for
storage of paper-based collections. The year-round environment is
maintained at 50 degrees Fahrenheit, 30 percent relative humidity. The
dedication ceremony for Module 2 took place on May 23, and starting in
mid-June it will house approximately 2 million book items selected from
the general collections, Law Library collections, and Area Studies
collections. Around 15 percent of the space will be dedicated to store
items from the Rare Book and Special Collections and Music divisions.
Senior conservators continue working on assessments, surveys, treatment,
rehousing, labeling, and development of specifications for new housing
materials and techniques for approximately 450 special format
collections of 11 custodial divisions, totaling around 30 million items,
selected to move to Fort Meade Modules 2,3,4 and future Cold Storage
Vaults. The design for Module 5 is now completed.

[Research on longevity of CD-ROMs.]{.underline} Two concurrent research
studies are focused on the longevity of CD-ROM audio media. One of them
is based on results from a preliminary eight-year pilot project that
involved monitoring the natural aging of CD-ROMs. 125 discs selected
randomly from the Library's collections were withdrawn from their
permanent storage locations every three years and tested to monitor the
error levels. Based on an unacceptable accumulated block-error rate in
excess of 250 over the eight-year period, the pilot project was recently
expanded into a more extensive natural aging study using 1000 discs,
which will provide more statistically reliable data regarding the
block-error rate.

The other research project involves using accelerated aging over a range
of temperature and relative humidity levels. The first phase of this
study used standard ANSI aging conditions and tested the effects of
laser-engraving of CD media around the central hub area (where no data
resides) on their life. The results indicated that such engraving had no
impact on the life of the CD, which means that curators may engrave a
permanent property identification label on the central hub with no
negative impact on the remainder of the CD.

The results of these projects are being used to develop testing
protocols for assigning life expectancy ratings to CDs and to establish
optimum storage conditions for optical media.

[Research on standards for pressure-sensitive adhesives.]{.underline}
The nature and properties of pressure-sensitive adhesives, which include
the stability of the paper or film stock and the stability of the image
printed on the labels, is being investigated. One result from this work
is new Library specifications for suppliers. The American Society for
Testing and Materials has consequently established a subgroup led by
Library personnel to develop a set of standards for these materials.

**TECHNOLOGY POLICY DIRECTORATE**

[LC ILS (Integrated Library System)]{.underline}

Over the past year, the ILS Program Office has marked the transition
from the use of a single integrated, commercial off-the-shelf (COTS)
product (Voyager) to multiple COTS products to increase access to and
improve management of the Library's digital collections while continuing
to support acquisition, description, preservation, and access for all
materials in the Library's collections.

[Integrated Library Management System.]{.underline} The Library plans to
implement the Voyager with Unicode release within the next 6 to 8
months. With this implementation, the Library will offer search and
display of non-Roman scripts in the Library of Congress Online Catalog
for over half a million records in its database. OPAC users will also be
able to save records in either MARC-8 (non-Unicode) or UTF-8 (Unicode).
Once a date certain has been set, the Library will communicate it to its
users and customers, along with more details about expected changes in
products, services, and interfaces.

The ILS Office has continued to expand access and improve service for
users of the Library of Congress Online Catalog
(\<http://catalog.loc.gov\>). In the past year the Library increased the
number of simultaneous OPAC users by almost 25 percent, and saw a
resulting decline in the number of customers who could not be
accommodated. The ILS Office will continue to monitor external use and
seek ways to increase access for users.

LC installed a proxy server last year, which functions as a front-end to
LC's Voyager Z39.50 server. This proxy has improved ILS system
performance by handling in-bound Z39.50 traffic more efficiently. Future
plans include support for serving XML records that contain holdings
data.

[Find It!, LC's OpenURL resolver.]{.underline} As part of the Library's
ongoing efforts to improve service to its users, the Library implemented
Find It!, an OpenURL resolver. Using the SFX software from Ex Libris,
Inc., Find It! enables users to navigate seamlessly between
independently managed resources by generating links from citations for
resources to full digital content and other services, such as tables of
contents and abstracts; the Library of Congress Online Catalog; the
Library's title lists of available electronic journals; and Web search
engines.

[Electronic Rights Management System]{.underline}. Last year the ILS
Office implemented an Electronic Rights Management System (ERMS) that
enables LC technical services staff to incorporate e-licensing and
procurement into their regular workflow and facilitates the transfer of
data from related systems. This year the Library plans to implement a
Web interface to its ERMS to improve user access to electronic
resources. The ERMS Web interface will deliver a consolidated A to Z
listing and up-to-date holdings information. A search engine will
provide access to these electronic resources for staff and users. This
Web interface will provide a gateway to the full text of articles from
e-resources via multiple search options. Future directions for the
project include exploring the integration of the ERMS with other
production systems, such as Find It!, LC's OpenURL resolver, to serve as
a target for a listing of LC's e-journal holdings. There are plans to
draw acquisitions information from Voyager into the ERMS to enable usage
studies balanced against the cost of electronic products.

[Federated Search Pilot Project for LC Bibliographic
Databases]{.underline}. As a major provider of structured descriptive
metadata, the Library of Congress strives to make its metadata available
via search tools that are currently in use or under development by
library software vendors. Many popular LC databases containing
structured descriptive metadata cannot be searched or send search
results to federated search or metasearch software that relies heavily
on the Z39.50 search protocol now widely used by libraries. To identify
issues and possible solutions to this problem, LC contracted with Index
Data to provide search and retrieval gateways for representative LC
databases (e.g., InQuery, Lucene, and MySQL) in addition to Voyager. The
front-end of this software will communicate using a standard (open)
protocol Z39.50, SRU (Search/Retrieve URL), or SRW (Search/Retrieve Web
Service) and the back-end will communicate with LC databases using their
proprietary protocols or APIs. The Library is currently installing the
software for testing. This pilot project will focus on federated
searching of LC databases, not external databases. At the end of the
pilot, LC will determine whether it will be feasible to make selected
bibliographic databases not currently accessible via Z39.50, available
via federated search.

[Handle server]{.underline}. The Library uses the Corporation for
National Research Initiatives (CNRI) handle server software to provide
persistent identification of LC-managed electronic resources. At the end
of 2004, the Library\'s handle server database was successfully
converted to the CNRI software Oracle platform. The Library now has over
950,000 registered handles.

[Encoded Archival Description (EAD)]{.underline}. LC's seven special
format divisions created over 75 new finding aids using the EAD standard
in 2004. The 266 finding aids indexed in LC's EAD InQuery search system
provide access to more than 16 million archival items in LC's
collections. The LC ILS contains collection level summary records that
point to these EAD finding aids through persistent identifiers
(handles). RLG regularly harvests LC's EAD finding aids for inclusion in
its Archival Resources site, a \"union catalog\" of finding aids.

LC's EAD Technical Group has completed conversion of the Library\'s SGML
finding aids into XML, using the revised EAD2002 XML DTD released in
2004 by the Society of American Archivists. LC's Music Division staff
facilitated this conversion by developing a software toolkit, which was
distributed it to the EAD community. Toolkit enhancements also provide
staff with new Web display options during the finding aid creation
process. By late summer 2005 LC staff plan to complete modifications to
the Library\'s EAD InQuery-based search system to accommodate the new
XML EAD2002 documents. PDF versions of LC\'s EAD finding aids are being
generated from the XML files.

[Network Development and MARC Standards Office (NDMSO)]{.underline}

[MODS (\<www.loc.gov/mods\>) and MADS
(\<www.loc.gov/mads\>)]{.underline}. An implementor registry was added
to the Metadata Object Description Standard (MODS) Web site
(\<http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/registry.html\>). The registry
illustrates a number of different ideas including many that use MODS for
descriptive metadata in METS documents, as intermediary or destination
for records that originated as Dublin Core, and for exposure of metadata
to OAI-PMH (Open Archives Initiative-Protocol for Metadata Harvesting).

In response to demand, NDMSO has recently created direct mappings from
MODS to CCO (Cataloging Cultural Objects specifications) for the visual
resources community and from MODS to Dublin Core. Publicly available
transformations based on the mappings are next on the agenda.

NDMSO has released the first official version, 1.0, of the authority
record companion for MODS: Metadata Authority Description Standard
(MADS), incorporating changes based on comments received from the
community June 2004-February 2005. The review and implementor comment
mechanism continues to be via an open discussion list
(\<mods@loc.gov\>); all interested in participating in discussion of
MADS are encouraged to join. MADS has a relationship to the MARC 21
Authority format, as MODS has to MARC 21 Bibliographic, but it
simplifies data and relates to MODS itself in new and useful ways.
Version 3.1 of MODS was also released largely to enable MADS and MODS to
share schema parts.

**OFFICE OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES/NATIONAL DIGITAL LIBRARY PROGRAM**

The Office of Strategic Initiatives (OSI) has recently reached several
important milestones. OSI is charged with institution-wide management
and oversight of the Library's digital initiatives and technology
requirements. Its services include digital conversion of the Library's
primary source materials for broad public access via the Web, management
of many of the Library's most popular public Web sites, as well as
information technology support for the institution. The service unit
also leads a Congressional ly mandated program to collect and preserve
significant materials in digital formats for current and future
generations of users. This program is formally called the National
Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program.

[National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program
(NDIIPP)]{.underline}

OSI's major emphasis is on the National Digital Information
Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP). In August 2003, NDIIPP
issued its first \"Program Announcement to Support Building a Network of
Partners.\" The deadline for submitting proposals was Nov. 12, 2003. All
qualified proposals were vetted by a peer-review panel of experts
assembled by the National Endowment for the Humanities. Librarian of
Congress James H. Billington made the final selections.

On September 30, 2004, eight lead institutions and their partners
received awards totaling approximately \$14 million. These institutions
are the first formal NDIIPP partners, and they have agreed to identify,
collect and preserve historically important digital materials within a
nationwide digital preservation infrastructure. These awards from the
Library are being matched dollar-for-dollar by the winning institutions
in the form of shared costs to execute the cooperative preservation
program. The institutions will share responsibilities for preserving
at-risk born-digital materials of significant cultural and historical
value to the nation. The announcement received widespread media
attention, including a Sept. 30, 2004, feature in the *New York Times*
\"Circuits\" section.

The three-year preservation projects that are receiving NDIIPP funding
include digital content relating to important people, events and
movements that have had a major impact on the nation's history, such as
the birth of the \"dot com\" era, satellite mapping, public television
programs, historical aerial photography, and opinion polls and voting
records. The NDIIPP Web site is at \<www.digitalpreservation.gov\>. A
new section of the NDIIPP site, called \"Cooperative Agreements,\"
provides details of the awards.

[Web Capture Team]{.underline}

In fiscal 2004, OSI initiated a Web Capture Team to support the
collection, ingest and archiving of born-digital content in the form of
Web sites. During the year, 4.3 terabytes of Web sites were collected
relating to the 2004 elections, the war in Iraq, the 108th Congress and
public policy topics. The team participates in the International
Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC) made up of 11 national libraries
(including the Library of Congress) and the Internet Archive. The IIPC
is cooperatively developing open-source tools for Web collection and
archiving.

To date, approximately 26 terabytes of born-digital information are
currently being stored for NDIIPP.

[Archive Ingest and Handling Test]{.underline}

In June 2004, the Library entered into a joint digital preservation
project with Old Dominion University, Department of Computer Science;
Johns Hopkins University, Sheridan Libraries; Stanford University
Libraries & Academic Information Resources; and Harvard University
Library to explore strategies for the ingest and preservation of digital
archives.

The Archive Ingest and Handling Test (AIHT) is designed to identify,
document and disseminate working methods for preserving the nation's
increasingly important digital cultural materials, as well as to
identify areas that may require further research or development. This
test supports the work of the National Digital Information
Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP).

The AIHT participants are investigating and applying various digital
preservation strategies, using a digital archive donated to the Library
by the Center for History and New Media at George Mason University. The
archive is a collection of 57,000 digital images, text, audio and video
related to the Sept. 11, 2001, events. The transfer of these 12
gigabytes of digital content is being used to emulate the problems that
arise in digital preservation and to test possible solutions.

Participants in the AIHT range from fully operational repositories to an
advanced research project investigating methods for preserving digital
objects; additionally, one institution is comparing multiple technical
solutions within one environment. A broad array of current open-source
(nonproprietary) and proprietary digital-object management and
preservation technologies are being deployed in the test. A report is
scheduled for release in summer 2005 and will be available on the NDIIPP
Web site.

[NDIIPP-National Science Foundation Partnership]{.underline}

Last June, NDIIPP partnered with the National Science Foundation (NSF)
to establish the first research grants program to specifically address
digital preservation. NSF will administer the program, which will fund
cutting-edge research to support the long-term management of digital
information.

On May 4, 2005, 10 university teams were awarded a total of \$3 million
to undertake pioneering research to support the long-term management of
digital information. The projects awarded will explore challenging
topics, such as preserving rich oceanographic data from hundreds of
deep-sea submersible missions; automating methods to describe digital
objects and place them in secure archival storage; testing how to
preserve digital video when it is first created; and preserving complex
three-dimensional digital content. All the projects are expected to
produce study results in one year.

[Redesign of www.loc.gov]{.underline}

The Library of Congress has launched a top-level upgrade to the look and
feel of its public Web site at \<http://www.loc.gov\>. The Library has
also developed a version of its award-winning site for children for the
child-safe Web domain sponsored by the Department of Commerce at
\<www.americaslibrary.kids.us\>.

In the first week since the revised pages were launched, use of the new
pages has risen dramatically, including increases of 23 percent
(visitors page), 24 percent (kids and families page), 29 percent
(researchers page), 40 percent (teachers page) and 183 percent
(Webcasts).

The newly reorganized home page includes six audience-specific resource
pages (for kids and families, librarians, publishers, researchers,
teachers, and visitors to Washington, D.C.) and three completely
overhauled subsites highlighting the Library\'s poetry program, its
600-plus audiovisual Webcasts, and information on how members of the
public can support the Library in its efforts.