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Abstract Submission Form

Desert Remedial Action Technologies

Please complete and e-mail this form to:

<Aycock.Mary@epa.gov>

**Title: Injectable Micro-scale Iron for Source Treatment of Chlorinated
Solvents in Deep Groundwater**

**Name of First Author: Chang, Paula**

**Email of Author:** paula.chang@erm.com **Author Phone Number:**
480-998-2401

**Organization to Which Author(s) belong** ERM-West, Inc., 7272 E.
Indian School Road, Scottsdale, AZ 85207

**Conference Theme Considered Appropriate for Contents of
Presentation:** Poster

**Other Authors (name and e-mail):** christine.aguirre@erm.com

### **Author Biography:** Paula Chang has 17 years of experience as a remediation engineer and technical consultant. Ms. Chang's recent project work includes data evaluation, design and subsequent installation of in situ bioremediation systems and chemical reduction via ZVI for treatment of dissolved chlorinated solvents (TCE and TCA) in ground water. She has experience at multiple sites in designing both recirculation and direct injection type bioremediation systems using both insoluble and soluble electron donors. Her past work has included stabilization of soils and ground water contaminated with chlorinated solvents and chromium and evaluation of dual-phase extraction for treatment of constituents of gasoline. 

### 

### Ms. Chang has expertise in the assessment and application of innovative and traditional technologies for remediation of sites containing complex mixtures of contaminants in soil, sediment, and ground water. She has evaluated various innovative remediation technologies including anaerobic reductive dechlorination, chemical reduction and chemical oxidation technologies for the in situ treatment of various metals, benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes (BETX), and chlorinated solvents, pthalates and mining leachate in ground water. She has designed and supervised the implementation of many bench-scale and pilot-scale treatability studies to determine the feasibility of specific treatment technologies under laboratory conditions. Ms. Chang has a Masters of Science and Engineering from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and an undergraduate degree in Geology from Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts.

**Text of the Abstract:** The removal of chlorinated solvents from
groundwater is a challenge to almost all available remediation
technologies, regardless of added issues such as a deep water table,
high salt and alkalinity concentrations and extensive saturated
thickness, which are commonly associated with desert environments. A
technology that shows great promise in treating dissolved and free-phase
chlorinated solvents is in situ chemical reduction (ISCR), or the use of
a metallic reductant, such as a zero valent iron alloy to chemically
reduce and destroy highly oxidized chlorinated solvent compounds such as
trichloroethene, cis-1,2-dichloroethene, trichloroethane and
1,1-dichloroethane.

As with many injection-based technologies, contaminant contact is the
key factor in determining the effectiveness of the technology. Nano- to
Micro-scale metal-alloy reductants can be injected in a similar manner
to a soluble amendment and are most efficient under high pH conditions,
such as those found in Arizona. Although no known application of this
technology have been implemented in a desert environment, the use of a
metallic reductant has potential application for treatment of both
dissolved and liquid phase chlorinated solvents, perchlorate and
chromium. Data from a pilot test application in northeastern US show
immediate reduction of 520 mg/L of mixed chlorinated solvents followed
by the enhancement of anaerobic dechlorinating activity. The injection
of the metallic alloy was peformed through both existing monitoring
wells and GeoProbe injection points. The pilot test data showed 84 to
99% TVOC destruction in the immediate vicinity of the injection and the
subsequent production of biologically-mediated daughter products such as
chloroethane and vinyl chloride greater than 25 feet away from the
injection points.