-------------------------- --------------------- -----------------------
                                                   

                                                   

  **United States                                  **Department of
  Government**                                     Energy**

                             **Bonneville Power    
                             Administration**      

                                                   

                                                   
  -------------------------- --------------------- -----------------------

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| **D | August 30, 2005 (September 12 Updated)                         |
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| *   | TOM/PPOC2                                                      |
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| **S | Performance Validation and Noise Injection Staged Tests        |
| UBJ |                                                                |
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+-----+----------------------------------------------------------------+

+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| John Haner --         | Richard Ellison -     |                       |
| TOM/PPO2-2            | TOD/DITT1             |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| Peggy Olds --         | T. Snodgrass --       |                       |
| TOT/DITT2             | TOV/MEAD              |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

# **Summary and Objectives**

The Bonneville Power Administration (**BPA**) is planning comprehensive
probing tests of WECC system dynamics under summer conditions. These
tests will be performed in coordination with WECC technical groups such
as the DMWG and M&VWG, and they are nominally scheduled for September
2005. The tests will include the following staged events:

• Energization of the Chief Joseph dynamic brake

• Insertion of brief sine waves and square waves by modulation of the
Pacific HVDC Intertie

• Insertion of sustained random noise by modulation of the Pacific HVDC
Intertie

The main objectives of these tests include the following:

A. Obtain a seasonal benchmark for dynamic performance of the WECC
system

B. Develop comparative data to evaluate and refine the realism of WECC
modeling tools

C. Refine and validate methods that identify power system dynamics with
minimal or no use of probing signals

Low level probing will be performed intermittently over three days.
Intervening periods will permit reviewing test results, adjusting the
probing signal, and minimizing operator distractions. The extended test
schedule will also permit system dynamics to be observed under a range
of conditions.

The test is planned for the week of September 12, 2005 subject to PDCI
availability as follows:

-   Test Series A September 13 morning

-   Test Series B September 13 afternoon

-   Test Series C September 14 morning

-   Test Series D September 14 afternoon

-   Test Series E September 14 evening continuing into September 15
    morning

Close examination of system behavior will be made before and throughout
the test to confirm that system conditions are suitable for testing, and
that the test is proceeding as expected. WECC members having a PDC
StreamReader are invited to participate in this, and to use associated
provided spectral analysis software to observe frequency domain
signatures for their service areas. Extended data access at the
California ISO and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory permit
almost total backup to BPA for this aspect of testing.

WAMS data from these tests will be recorded automatically. However, it
is necessary that the operators of the measurement facilities assure
that the recording systems are ready for this, and that the owners of
the data be aware that copies of the records will be requested for
analysis. Such activities will be coordinated through the WECC
Disturbance Monitoring Work Group.

Previous versions of these tests are described in WECC documents such as
\[[^1]\], and a concise summary of tests performed in June 2000 is
available as \[[^2]\]. Distinguishing features of the September 2005
tests are a strong focus on Objective C, plus greatly improved
instrumentation and software for achieving this objective.

# **Test Precautions and Termination Procedure**

If at any time the Test Observers, security coordinators or system
operators identify conditions under which the tests should not continue
then the Test Director will suspend the test sequence until those
conditions are no longer present.

Reasons for suspending, modifying, or terminating the test sequence
include but are not limited to the following:

• System emergency exists within the WECC

• Interconnections operating outside normal limits

• Undamped or unacceptable levels of system oscillations

• Facility operator deems that facility is unsafe for test, or that the
test procedure is interfering with proper operation of that facility

• Test procedure is conflicting with a peak in operator workload

# **Sequence of Test Events**

# 

# The list below shows specific test events to be performed. Times for these test events are in Pacific Daylight (Advanced) Time (PDT). Technical details of analysis performed in the Test Plan Comprehensive Report.

Low level probing will be performed intermittently over three days.
Intervening periods will be used to review test results, and to adjust
the probing signals accordingly. The time and the duration of specific
test events can be adjusted, during the test itself, to minimize
interference with smooth operation of the power system. A description of
each playback file is given on page 11.

## Test Series A: Seasonal benchmark for dynamic performance \[Day 1 morning\]

Step A1 \[10:20\] Insertion A1 of the Chief Joseph Dynamic Brake

Step A2 \[10:25\] Insertion A2 of the Chief Joseph Dynamic Brake, five
minutes after Step A1

Step A3 \[10:30\] Apply PbfSM1 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a square wave at 0.25 Hz.

Step A4 \[10:32\] Apply PbfSM2 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a sine wave at 0.25 Hz.

Step A5 \[10:34\] Apply PbfSM3 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a sine wave at 0.70 Hz.

## Test Series B: Calibration Checks on PDCI Probing Signals \[Day 1 afternoon\]

Step B1 \[13:10\] Calibration check on PlayBack File MSF-20/6/17 for ±5
MW noise probing to determine HVDC pole response. Noise bandwidth will
be 20 Hz. Adjust scaling of Probing Signal Generator (PSG) if needed.

Step B2 \[13:15\] Apply MSF-20/6/17 for ±5 MW noise probing to determine
HVDC pole response. Expected duration is 5 minutes or less.

Step B3 \[13:20\] Calibration check on MSF-1/6/68 for ±10 MW noise
probing of inter-area modes. Adjust PSG scaling if needed.

Step B4 \[13:25\] Apply MSF-1/6/68 for ±10 MW noise probing of
inter-area modes. Expected duration is 10 minutes, but additional time
may be needed for coordination of real-time observations at remote
locations.

Step B5 \[13:40\] Apply PbfSM1 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a square wave at 0.25 Hz.

Step B6 \[13:42\] Apply PbfSM2 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a sine wave at 0.25 Hz.

Step B7 \[13:44\] Apply PbfSM3 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a sine wave at 0.70 Hz.

Step B8 **Assess test results to this point**.

Step B9 \[14:15\] If necessary, refine or replace MS-20/6/8.5R and
repeat step B2.

## Test Series C: Refinement of PDCI Probing Signals & Procedure \[Day 2 morning\]

Step C1 \[09:10\] Apply PbfSM2 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a sine wave at 0.25 Hz.

Step C2 \[09:12\] Apply PbfSM3 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a sine wave at 0.70 Hz.

Step C3 \[09:15\] Apply MSF-1/6/68 for ±20 MW noise probing of
inter-area modes. Expected duration is 20 minutes, but additional time
may be needed if powerflow shifts or discrete control actions are noted
during the test interval.

Step C4 \[09:45\] Apply PbfSM2 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a sine wave at 0.25 Hz.

Step C5 \[09:47\] Apply PbfSM3 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a sine wave at 0.70 Hz.

Step C4 **Assess test results to this point**.

Step C5 \[10:10\] Repeat Step C1 through Step C5 with alternate noise
probing signal MSF-1/6/120 stored on the PSG. No signal exceeding ±20 MW
or an rms value of 15 MW will be applied until the Test Director has
confirmed that these limits are well within the acceptable operating
range.

Step C6 \[11:10\] Repeat Step C1 through Step C5 with alternate noise
probing signal MSF-1/6/136 stored on the PSG. No signal exceeding ±20 MW
or an rms value of 15 MW will be applied until the Test Director has
confirmed that these limits are well within the acceptable operating
range.

## Test Series D: Cross Validation of Probing Methods \[Day 2 afternoon\]

Step D1 \[13:10\] Insertion D1 of the Chief Joseph Dynamic Brake

Step D2 \[13:15\] Insertion D2 of the Chief Joseph Dynamic Brake, five
minutes after insertion D1

Step D3 \[13:20\] Apply best noise probing signal obtained at Step C5.
Expected duration is 20 minutes, but additional time may be needed if
powerflow shifts or discrete control actions are noted during the test
interval.

Step D4 \[13:45\] Apply PbfSM1 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a square wave at 0.25 Hz.

Step D5 \[13:47\] Apply PbfSM2 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a sine wave at 0.25 Hz.

## Test Series E: Long Term Data Collection \[Day 2 evening through Day 3 Morning\]

Step E1 \[xx:10\] Apply best noise probing signal obtained at Step C5.
Preferred duration is up to 12 sessions 40 minutes long, each starting
at 10 minutes past the hour.

Step E2 \[xx:52\] Apply PbfSM1 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a square wave at 0.25 Hz.

Step E3 \[xx:54\] Apply PbfSM2 for single-mode probing ±125 MW. Waveform
will be three cycles of a sine wave at 0.25 Hz.

Steps E2 and E3 will be performed at the close of each probing session
in Step E1. These steps must be done during a period of North to South
transfers on COI. Tests will start at 15:10 PDT September 14and continue
until 0300 PDT September 15 or DC schedules drop below.

# **5. Operating Conditions Required For Tests**

## Operating Conditions for Test Series A

• Power system operation normal, with no impediments to safe testing

• Pacific HVDC Intertie (**PDCI**) in bipolar operation with North to
South flow

• PDCI power at 500 MW to 2800 MW

## Operating Conditions for Test Series B through E

• Power system operation normal, with no impediments to safe testing

• Pacific HVDC Intertie (**PDCI**) in bipolar operation with North to
South flow

• PDCI power at 500 MW to 2800 MW

• Sufficient generation on line at John Day and The Dalles to assure
that PDCI modulating power is shared across a reasonably large number of
generators

\[removed notes on Cranbrook to Langdon line\]

#  **6. Test Coordinator and Responsibilities**

Test coordination will be as follows:

1.  Jim Burns will schedule the tests through the BPA outage dispatcher.

2.  Jim Burns (BPA technical staff) will post proposed test dates on the
    BPA Web page.

3.  The day before each test, BPA will send a message on the WECC Net
    notifying of the tests.

4.  If there are concerns about abnormal system conditions, BPA
    dispatcher should be contacted as early as possible to cancel a
    test. The test will be resumed the next hour after the system
    returns to normal.

5.  The probing signal will be injected by an operator of Celilo
    converter station. The operator will clear with the BPA dispatcher
    before the signal injection.

A listing of contact persons and test observers with phone numbers and
e-mail addresses is provided in attached.

# **7. Measurement Requirements**

WAMS data from these tests will be recorded automatically. However, it
is necessary that the operators of the measurement facilities assure
that the recording systems are ready for this, and that the owners of
the data be aware that copies of the records will be requested for
analysis.

## Required measurements for Test Series A \[simplified\]

• Continuous PDC, PMU and PPSM recording essential at BPA and BCHydro
locations.

• Continiuous PDC, PMU and PPSM recordings highly desirable at all other
WECC locations

• Continuous 240 sps recording with the Celilo PPSM required.

## Required measurements for Test Series B through E

• Continuous PDC, PMU and PPSM recording required at BPA locations.

• Continuous PDC, PMU and PPSM recordings highly desirable at all other
WECC locations.

• Continuous 240 sps recording with the Celilo PPSM required.

## Required facilities for real-time analysis 

A key objective in the proposed tests is to \"Refine and validate
methods that identify power system dynamics with minimal or no use of
probing signals.\"   Key real-time resources for this are PDC
StreamReaders, located at key locations, plus the spectral analysis tool
provided as an add-on for the PDC StreamReader. Other documents refer to
this tool as Dynamic Signal Analyzer (**DSA**), and that terminology is
used here.

It is essential that DSA analysis be immediately available to the Test
Director throughout the test.   StreamReaders with DSA are essential at
Dittmer, nearly essential at Celilo, and highly desirable at PNNL
Richland.  These are optional but suggested at the California ISO and
other organizations that have PDC StreamReaders in operation.

# **8. Test Preparations**

The Celilo Probing Signal Generator (PSG) will be furnished with a
suitable menu of playback files.  These playback files will be verified
on site for MW scaling and other characteristics before their use in
long term probing.  BPA & PNNL will work together on PSG matters.

**9.0 Illustrations of Applied Test Signals**

![](media/image1.wmf){width="4.532638888888889in"
height="3.502083333333333in"}The following figures from the Test Plan
Comprehensive Report are illustrative of the system response to signals
that will be applied during this test.

# Figure 9.1 Chief Joseph Brake Application June 24, 2004.

# ![](media/image2.wmf){width="5.307638888888889in" height="3.7263888888888888in"}

Figure 9.2. Wide area response to single mode probing on April 26, 2004.

![](media/image3.wmf){width="4.661111111111111in"
height="2.629861111111111in"}

Figure 9.3. Low level noise signal applied to PDCI.

![](media/image4.wmf){width="4.66875in" height="2.627083333333333in"}

Figure 9.4. Illustration of simulated frequency response from noise
signal compared to typical system ambient frequency variations for
[+]{.underline}20 MW peak noise injection.

Additonal information on the test signals and system response is
provided in the companion Test Plan Comprehensive Report.

# **10. Test Approvals**

Submitted by:

William A. Mittelstadt -- TOM

Dmitry Kosterev - TOM

Approved: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Date:
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Manager, Support Services for Network Planning -- TOM

Approved: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Date:
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Manager, Technical Operations --TOT

###### Approved: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Date: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Manager, Dittmer Dispatch - TOD

Approved: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Date:
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Manager, Munro Dispatch - TOV

cc***:***

V. VanZandt -- T/DITT2

B. Silverstein -- TO/DITT2

M. Rodrigues -- TOP/PPO2-2

J. Haner -- TOM/PPO2-2

R. Ellison -- TOD/DITT1

P. Olds - TOT/DITT2

T. Snodgrass - TOV/MEAD

B.McManus -- TOT/DITT2

J. Burns - TOT/DITT1

R. Spence -- TOT/DITT2

J. Gronquist -- TOT/DITT2

D. Kosterev -- TOM/PPO2-2

G. Keenan -- TOM/PPO2-2

W. Mittelstadt -- TOM/PPO2-2

D. Chase -- TFRS/CELILO

W. Litzenberger -- TNP-PPO2-1

L. Anderson -- TNSD-PPO2-1

Paul Shockley - TNSD-PPO2-1

K. Martin -- TNT/AMPN 1

J. Bernhardsen -- TO/DITT2 - NWSC

Marty O\'Rourke (SPC District Engineer) - TFSS-SICKLER

Rodger Allen (SPC Craftsman) - TFSS-CHIEF JOSEPH

Dittmer Outage Dispatcher -- TOD/DITT1

Dittmer System Dispatcher -- TOD/DITT1 (2 copies)

Official File - TOP (ED-21-15)

WAMittelstadt/DKosterev 8/30/05 (Noise Injection Test Plan
8\~30\~2005.doc)

Coordination and Contact Persons List

![](media/image5.wmf){width="7.581944444444445in"
height="8.248611111111112in"}

Playback File Table

![](media/image6.wmf){width="10.098611111111111in"
height="4.913888888888889in"}The following table describes various types
of noise signal definitions, some of which will be used in the test.

[^1]: \[?\] **Interim Report on the Model Validation Tests of June 7,
    2000 \-- Part 1: Oscillatory Dynamics**, principal investigator J.
    F. Hauer. WSCC Performance Validation Task Force (PVTF) of the
    Modeling and Validation Work Group, October 26, 2000. Available at
    Internet site http://www.wecc.biz/committees/PCC/TSS/MVWG/documents/
    (address out of date?)

[^2]: \[? \] **Dynamic Performance Validation in the Western Power
    System,** J. F. Hauer, M. J. Beshir, and W. A. Mittelstadt in
    association with WSCC work groups. APEx 2000 Conference in
    Kananaskis, Alberta, October 2000. (Available at
    ftp://ftp.bpa.gov/pub/WAMS%20Information/)