+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+----------+
| **XIV    |                                      | **OE   |          |
| MEETING  |                                      | A/Ser. |          |
| OF       |                                      | L/XVII |          |
| PER      |                                      | .4.3** |          |
| MANENT** |                                      |        |          |
|          |                                      | **     |          |
| **CONS   |                                      | PCC.II |          |
| ULTATIVE |                                      | I/doc. |          |
| C        |                                      | 1      |          |
| OMMITTEE |                                      | 523/99 |          |
| III:**   |                                      | r      |          |
|          |                                      | ev.1** |          |
| **RADIO  |                                      |        |          |
| COMMUNIC |                                      | **25   |          |
| ATIONS** |                                      | De     |          |
|          |                                      | cember |          |
| **       |                                      | 1999** |          |
| December |                                      |        |          |
| 6 to 10, |                                      | **Ori  |          |
| 1999**   |                                      | ginal: |          |
|          |                                      | Eng    |          |
| **San    |                                      | lish** |          |
| Diego,   |                                      |        |          |
| Cal      |                                      |        |          |
| ifornia, |                                      |        |          |
| United   |                                      |        |          |
| States   |                                      |        |          |
| of       |                                      |        |          |
| A        |                                      |        |          |
| merica** |                                      |        |          |
+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+----------+
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|          | #                                    |        |          |
|          |                                      |        |          |
|          | # COMMON P                           |        |          |
|          | ROPOSALS AND DRAFT COMMON PROPOSALS  |        |          |
|          |                                      |        |          |
|          | # OF CITEL FOR WRC-2000              |        |          |
|          |                                      |        |          |
|          | #                                    |        |          |
|          |                                      |        |          |
|          | # (REVISION O                        |        |          |
|          | F THE DOC. PCC.III/doc.1436/99rev.2) |        |          |
+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+----------+
|          | **(Item on the Agenda: 4.1)**        |        |          |
+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+----------+
|          | **(Document Submitted by the         |        |          |
|          | Chairman )**                         |        |          |
+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+----------+

NOTE:

**All the proposals in this document have been sequentially numbered
with the format**

**"../item on the agenda/1-219".**

**The proposals that also are identified as "IAP/item on the
agenda/1-73" have been sent to the International Telecommunication Union
as they have the suppport of at least five Member States.**

##### 

##### 

<table>
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<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td><strong>PRELIMINARY SUPPORT TO THE IAPs</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td></td>
<td>January 17, 2000</td>
<td></td>
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</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><strong>IAP #</strong></td>
<td><strong>Topic</strong></td>
<td><strong>Agenda item</strong></td>
<td><strong>ATG</strong></td>
<td><strong>ARG</strong></td>
<td><strong>BAH</strong></td>
<td><strong>BRB</strong></td>
<td><strong>BLZ</strong></td>
<td><strong>BOL</strong></td>
<td><strong>B</strong></td>
<td><strong>CAN</strong></td>
<td><strong>CHL</strong></td>
<td><strong>CLM</strong></td>
<td><strong>CTR</strong></td>
<td><strong>DMA</strong></td>
<td><strong>EQA</strong></td>
<td><strong>SLV</strong></td>
<td><strong>GRD</strong></td>
<td><strong>GTM</strong></td>
<td><strong>GUY</strong></td>
<td><p><strong>HT</strong></p>
<p><strong>I</strong></p></td>
<td><strong>HND</strong></td>
<td><strong>JMC</strong></td>
<td><strong>MEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>NCG</strong></td>
<td><strong>PNR</strong></td>
<td><strong>PRG</strong></td>
<td><strong>PRU</strong></td>
<td><strong>DOM</strong></td>
<td><strong>SCN</strong></td>
<td><strong>LCA</strong></td>
<td><strong>VCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>SUR</strong></td>
<td><strong>TRD</strong></td>
<td><strong>USA</strong></td>
<td><strong>URG</strong></td>
<td><strong>VEN</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>1-8</td>
<td>Appendix S3</td>
<td>1.2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>9-14</td>
<td>Proposal for the Confirmation of the Fixed Service Allocation in the
31.8-33.4 GHz Frequency Range (Resolution 126 and 726)</td>
<td>1.4</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>15</td>
<td>Identification of a global radio control channel to facilitate
multimode terminal operation and worldwide roaming of IMT-2000</td>
<td>1.6.2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>16-41</td>
<td>Proposal to protect the operational, distress and safety
communications in the HF bands used by the aeronautical mobile (R) and
maritime mobile services</td>
<td>1.7</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>42-45</td>
<td>Proposal for communications by earth stations on board vessels using
frequencies allocated to the fixed-satellite service and used by
existing space segment in the fixed-satellite service</td>
<td>1.8</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>46-47</td>
<td>Evaluation of the feasibility of an allocation in the space-to-Earth
direction to the mobile-satellite service in a portion of the
1 559 - 1 567 MHz frequency range, in response to Resolutions 213 and
220 (WRC-97)</td>
<td>1.9</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>48-52</td>
<td>Allocations for the non-geostationary MSS below 1 GHz. Response to
Zresolution 214 and 219.</td>
<td>1.11</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
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<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>53-54</td>
<td>Proposal for the modification of S5.541A and the suppression of
Resolution 121</td>
<td>1.12</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>55-78</td>
<td>Modifications to Section II of Article S22 in relation to the
sharing conditions among non-GSO FSS, FSS and GSO BSS services</td>
<td>1.13.1</td>
<td colspan="34"><strong>These proposals have been agreed by the Member
States but are not yet final.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>79</td>
<td>Proposal for the Protection of GSO FSS and GSO BSS networks from the
maximum aggregate equivalent power flux-density produced by multiple
non-GSO FSS systems in frequency bands where EPFD limits have been
adopted</td>
<td>1.13.1</td>
<td colspan="34"><strong>These proposals have been agreed by the Member
States but are not yet final.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>80-89</td>
<td>Additions and/or Modifications to Articles S9, S11, S22 and
Appendices S4 and S5 to require coordination between NGSO FSS
transmitting space stations and GSO receive earth stations with very
large antenna</td>
<td>1.13.1</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

<table>
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<tr class="odd">
<td><strong>IAP #</strong></td>
<td><strong>Topic</strong></td>
<td><strong>Agenda item</strong></td>
<td><strong>ATG</strong></td>
<td><strong>ARG</strong></td>
<td><strong>BAH</strong></td>
<td><strong>BRB</strong></td>
<td><strong>BLZ</strong></td>
<td><strong>BOL</strong></td>
<td><strong>B</strong></td>
<td><strong>CAN</strong></td>
<td><strong>CHL</strong></td>
<td><strong>CLM</strong></td>
<td><strong>CTR</strong></td>
<td><strong>DMA</strong></td>
<td><strong>EQA</strong></td>
<td><strong>SLV</strong></td>
<td><strong>GRD</strong></td>
<td><strong>GTM</strong></td>
<td><strong>GUY</strong></td>
<td><p><strong>HT</strong></p>
<p><strong>I</strong></p></td>
<td><strong>HND</strong></td>
<td><strong>JMC</strong></td>
<td><strong>MEX</strong></td>
<td><strong>NCG</strong></td>
<td><strong>PNR</strong></td>
<td><strong>PRG</strong></td>
<td><strong>PRU</strong></td>
<td><strong>DOM</strong></td>
<td><strong>SCN</strong></td>
<td><strong>LCA</strong></td>
<td><strong>VCT</strong></td>
<td><strong>SUR</strong></td>
<td><strong>TRD</strong></td>
<td><strong>USA</strong></td>
<td><strong>URG</strong></td>
<td><strong>VEN</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>90-95</td>
<td>Resolution 131 (WRC-97): Power Flux-Density limits applicable to
non-GSO FSS systems for protection of terrestrial services in the bands
10.7 – 12.75 GHz and 17.7 – 19.3 GHz;</td>
<td>1.13.1</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>96</td>
<td>Inclusion in other frequency bands of similar limits in Articles S21
and S22, or other regulatory approaches to be applied in relation to
sharing situations</td>
<td>1.13.2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>97-99</td>
<td>Remove the 15.43-15.63 GHz space-to-Earth allocation from the Tables
of Article RR S5</td>
<td>1.14</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>100</td>
<td>New allocations to the radionavigation-satellite service in the
range from 1 GHz to 6 GHz required to support developments</td>
<td>1.15.1</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>101-102</td>
<td>Addition of the space-to-space direction to the
radionavigation-satellite service allocations in the bands 1 215 -1 260
and 1 559 - 1610 MHz</td>
<td>1.15.2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>103-194</td>
<td>Allocations of frequency bands above 71 GHz to the earth-exploration
satellite (passive) and radio astronomy services, taking into account
Resolution 723</td>
<td>1.16</td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>195-198</td>
<td>Proposal for worldwide allocation to the Earth exploration-satellite
(passive) services in the band 18.6-18.8 GHz on a primary basis</td>
<td>1.17</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>199-215</td>
<td>Proposal to modify Appendix S18 and Resolution 342</td>
<td>1.18</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>216</td>
<td>Application of RR 2674/S23.13</td>
<td>1.19bis</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>217</td>
<td>Application of Nos. S9.8, S9.9 and S9.17 and the corresponding parts
of Appendix S5 with respect to Appendices S30 and S30A</td>
<td>1.20</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>218-219</td>
<td>Exam of the revised ITU-R Recommendations incorporated by reference
in the Radio Regulations</td>
<td>2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><strong>x</strong></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

##### TABLE OF CONTENTS

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.2 [5](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.2)

to finalize remaining issues in the review of Appendix S3 to the Radio
Regulations with respect to spurious emissions for space services,
taking into account Recommendation 66 (Rev.WRC‑97) and the decisions of
WRC-97 on adoption of new values, due to take effect at a future time,
of spurious emissions for space services
[5](#to-finalize-remaining-issues-in-the-review-of-appendix-s3-to-the-radio-regulations-with-respect-to-spurious-emissions-for-space-services-taking-into-account-recommendation-66-rev.wrc97-and-the-decisions-of-wrc-97-on-adoption-of-new-values-due-to-take-effect-at-a-future-time-of-spurious-emissions-for-space-services)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.4 [14](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.4)

to consider issues concerning allocations and regulatory aspects related
to Resolutions 126 (WRC-97), 128 (WRC-97), 129 (WRC-97), 133 (WRC-97),
134 (WRC-97) and 726 (WRC-97);
[14](#to-consider-issues-concerning-allocations-and-regulatory-aspects-related-to-resolutions-126-wrc-97-128-wrc-97-129-wrc-97-133-wrc-97-134-wrc-97-and-726-wrc-97)

Proposal for the Confirmation of the Fixed Service Allocation in the
31.8 -- 33.4 GHz Frequency Range (Resolution 126 and 726)
[14](#proposal-for-the-confirmation-of-the-fixed-service-allocation-in-the-31.8-33.4-ghz-frequency-range-resolution-126-and-726)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.6.2 [17](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.6.2)

Identification of a global radio control channel to facilitate multimode
terminal operation and worldwide roaming of IMT‑2000
[17](#identification-of-a-global-radio-control-channel-to-facilitate-multimode-terminal-operation-and-worldwide-roaming-of-imt2000)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.7 [18](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.7)

review of the use of the HF bands by the aeronautical mobile (R) and
maritime mobile services with a view to protecting operational, distress
and safety communications, taking into account Resolution 346 (WRC-97)
[18](#review-of-the-use-of-the-hf-bands-by-the-aeronautical-mobile-r-and-maritime-mobile-services-with-a-view-to-protecting-operational-distress-and-safety-communications-taking-into-account-resolution-346-wrc-97)

Proposal to protect the operational, distress and safety communications
in the HF bands used by the aeronautical mobile (R) and maritime mobile
services
[18](#proposal-to-protect-the-operational-distress-and-safety-communications-in-the-hf-bands-used-by-the-aeronautical-mobile-r-and-maritime-mobile-services)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.8 [31](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.8)

to consider regulatory and technical provisions to enable earth stations
located on board vessels to operate in the fixed-satellite service (FSS)
networks in the bands 3 700 ‑ 4 200 MHz and 5 925 ‑ 6 425 MHz, including
their coordination with other services allocated in these bands;
[31](#to-consider-regulatory-and-technical-provisions-to-enable-earth-stations-located-on-board-vessels-to-operate-in-the-fixed-satellite-service-fss-networks-in-the-bands-3-700-4-200-mhz-and-5-925-6-425-mhz-including-their-coordination-with-other-services-allocated-in-these-bands)

Proposal for communications by earth stations on board vessels using
frequencies allocated to the fixed-satellite service and used by
existing space segment in the fixed-satellite service
[31](#proposal-for-communications-by-earth-stations-on-board-vessels-using-frequencies-allocated-to-the-fixed-satellite-service-and-used-by-existing-space-segment-in-the-fixed-satellite-service)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.9 [35](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.9)

to take into account the results of ITU-R studies in evaluating the
feasibility of an allocation in the space-to-Earth direction to the
mobile-satellite service in a portion of the 1 559 - 1 567 MHz frequency
range, in response to Resolutions 213 and 220 (WRC-97)
[35](#to-take-into-account-the-results-of-itu-r-studies-in-evaluating-the-feasibility-of-an-allocation-in-the-space-to-earth-direction-to-the-mobile-satellite-service-in-a-portion-of-the-1-559---1-567-mhz-frequency-range-in-response-to-resolutions-213-and-220-wrc-97)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.11 [38](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.11)

to consider constraints on existing allocations and to consider
additional allocations on a worldwide basis for the non-geostationary
(non‑GSO) MSS below 1 GHz, taking into account the results of ITU‑R
studies conducted in response to Resolutions 214 (Rev.WRC‑97) and 219
(WRC‑97)
[38](#to-consider-constraints-on-existing-allocations-and-to-consider-additional-allocations-on-a-worldwide-basis-for-the-non-geostationary-nongso-mss-below-1-ghz-taking-into-account-the-results-of-itur-studies-conducted-in-response-to-resolutions-214-rev.wrc97-and-219-wrc97)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.12 [42](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.12)

to consider progress of studies on sharing between feederlinks of
non-geostationary satellite networks in the mobile satellite service and
geostationary-satellite networks in the fixed satellite service in the
bands 19.3-19.7 GHz and 29.1-29.5 GHz, taking into account Resolution
121 (Rev.WRC-97)
[42](#to-consider-progress-of-studies-on-sharing-between-feederlinks-of-non-geostationary-satellite-networks-in-the-mobile-satellite-service-and-geostationary-satellite-networks-in-the-fixed-satellite-service-in-the-bands-19.3-19.7-ghz-and-29.1-29.5-ghz-taking-into-account-resolution-121-rev.wrc-97)

Proposal for the modification of S5.541A and the suppression of
Resolution 121
[42](#proposal-for-the-modification-of-s5.541a-and-the-suppression-of-resolution-121)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.13 [45](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.13)

on the basis of the results of the studies in accordance with
Resolutions 130 (WRC-97), 131 (WRC-97) and 538 (WRC-97):
[45](#on-the-basis-of-the-results-of-the-studies-in-accordance-with-resolutions-130-wrc-97-131-wrc-97-and-538-wrc-97)

Proposal for Agenda Item 1.13.1 [46](#proposal-for-agenda-item-1.13.1)

to review and, if appropriate, revise the power limits appearing in
Articles S21 and S22 in relation to the sharing conditions among non-GSO
FSS, GSO FSS, GSO broadcasting-satellite service (BSS), space sciences
and terrestrial services, to ensure the feasibility of these power
limits and that these limits do not impose undue constraints on the
development of these systems and services;
[46](#to-review-and-if-appropriate-revise-the-power-limits-appearing-in-articles-s21-and-s22-in-relation-to-the-sharing-conditions-among-non-gso-fss-gso-fss-gso-broadcasting-satellite-service-bss-space-sciences-and-terrestrial-services-to-ensure-the-feasibility-of-these-power-limits-and-that-these-limits-do-not-impose-undue-constraints-on-the-development-of-these-systems-and-services)

Modifications to Section II of Article S22
[46](#modifications-to-section-ii-of-article-s22)

in relation to the sharing conditions among non-GSO FSS, FSS and GSO BSS
services
[46](#in-relation-to-the-sharing-conditions-among-non-gso-fss-fss-and-gso-bss-services)

Proposal for the Protection of GSO FSS and GSO BSS networks from the
maximum aggregate equivalent power flux‑density produced by multiple
non‑GSO FSS systems in frequency bands where EPFD limits have been
adopted
[71](#proposal-for-the-protection-of-gso-fss-and-gso-bss-networks-from-the-maximum-aggregate-equivalent-power-fluxdensity-produced-by-multiple-nongso-fss-systems-in-frequency-bands-where-epfd-limits-have-been-adopted)

Additions and/or Modifications to Articles S9, S11, S22 and Appendices
S4 and S5
[82](#additions-andor-modifications-to-articles-s9-s11-s22-and-appendices-s4-and-s5)

to require coordination between NGSO FSS transmitting space stations
[82](#to-require-coordination-between-ngso-fss-transmitting-space-stations)

and GSO receive earth stations with very large antenna
[82](#and-gso-receive-earth-stations-with-very-large-antenna)

Resolution 131 (WRC-97): Power Flux-Density limits applicable to non-GSO
FSS systems for protection of terrestrial services in the bands 10.7 --
12.75 GHz and 17.7 -- 19.3 GHz;
[92](#resolution-131-wrc-97-power-flux-density-limits-applicable-to-non-gso-fss-systems-for-protection-of-terrestrial-services-in-the-bands-10.7-12.75-ghz-and-17.7-19.3-ghz)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.13.2 [97](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.13.2)

to consider the inclusion in other frequency bands of similar limits in
Articles S21 and S22, or other regulatory approaches to be applied in
relation to sharing situations;
[97](#to-consider-the-inclusion-in-other-frequency-bands-of-similar-limits-in-articles-s21-and-s22-or-other-regulatory-approaches-to-be-applied-in-relation-to-sharing-situations)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.14 [98](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.14)

To review the results of the studies on the feasibility of implementing
non-GSO MSS feeder links in the 15.43-15.63 GHz in accordance with
Resolution 123 (WRC-97).
[98](#to-review-the-results-of-the-studies-on-the-feasibility-of-implementing-non-gso-mss-feeder-links-in-the-15.43-15.63-ghz-in-accordance-with-resolution-123-wrc-97.)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.15.1 [101](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.15.1)

to consider new allocations to the radionavigation-satellite service in
the range from 1 GHz to 6 GHz required to support developments
[101](#to-consider-new-allocations-to-the-radionavigation-satellite-service-in-the-range-from-1-ghz-to-6-ghz-required-to-support-developments)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.15.2 [103](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.15.2)

to consider the addition of the space-to-space direction to the
radionavigation-satellite service allocations in the bands 1 215 -1 260
and 1 559 - 1610 MHz
[103](#to-consider-the-addition-of-the-space-to-space-direction-to-the-radionavigation-satellite-service-allocations-in-the-bands-1-215--1-260-and-1-559---1610-mhz)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.16 [106](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.16)

to consider allocations of frequency bands above 71 GHz to the
earth-exploration satellite (passive) and radio astronomy services,
taking into account Resolution 723
[106](#to-consider-allocations-of-frequency-bands-above-71-ghz-to-the-earth-exploration-satellite-passive-and-radio-astronomy-services-taking-into-account-resolution-723)

Proposal to modify the allocations above 71 GHz
[106](#proposal-to-modify-the-allocations-above-71-ghz)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.17 [150](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.17)

To consider possible worldwide allocation for the earth
exploration-satellite (passive) and space research (passive) service in
the band 18.6 - 18.8 GHz, taking into account the results of the ITU-R
studies
[150](#to-consider-possible-worldwide-allocation-for-the-earth-exploration-satellite-passive-and-space-research-passive-service-in-the-band-18.6---18.8-ghz-taking-into-account-the-results-of-the-itu-r-studies)

Proposal for worldwide allocation to the Earth exploration-satellite
(passive) services in the band 18.6-18.8 GHz on a primary basis
[150](#proposal-for-worldwide-allocation-to-the-earth-exploration-satellite-passive-services-in-the-band-18.6-18.8-ghz-on-a-primary-basis)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.18 [155](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.18)

to consider the use of new digital technology for the maritime mobile
service in the band
[155](#to-consider-the-use-of-new-digital-technology-for-the-maritime-mobile-service-in-the-band)

156 ‑ 174 MHz and consequential revision of Appendix 18/S18, taking into
account
[155](#mhz-and-consequential-revision-of-appendix-18s18-taking-into-account)

Resolution 342 (WRC-97); [155](#resolution-342-wrc-97)

Proposal to modify Appendix S18 and Resolution 342
[155](#proposal-to-modify-appendix-s18-and-resolution-342)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.19*bis* [160](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.19bis)

in accordance with Article S14, to consider objections expressed by
administrations with respect to the Radio Regulations Board\'s Rules of
Procedure relating to the application of RR 2674/S23.13 in order for the
Bureau to modify its findings in accordance with the conclusions of the
Conference
[160](#in-accordance-with-article-s14-to-consider-objections-expressed-by-administrations-with-respect-to-the-radio-regulations-boards-rules-of-procedure-relating-to-the-application-of-rr-2674s23.13-in-order-for-the-bureau-to-modify-its-findings-in-accordance-with-the-conclusions-of-the-conference)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.20 [162](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.20)

to consider the issues related to the application of Nos. S9.8, S9.9 and
S9.17 and the corresponding parts of Appendix S5 with respect to
Appendices S30 and S30A, with a view to possible deletion of Articles 6
and 7 of Appendices S30 and S30A, also taking into consideration
Recommendation 35 (WRC‑95);
[162](#to-consider-the-issues-related-to-the-application-of-nos.-s9.8-s9.9-and-s9.17-and-the-corresponding-parts-of-appendix-s5-with-respect-to-appendices-s30-and-s30a-with-a-view-to-possible-deletion-of-articles-6-and-7-of-appendices-s30-and-s30a-also-taking-into-consideration-recommendation-35-wrc95)

WRC-2000 Agenda Item 2 [164](#wrc-2000-agenda-item-2)

Proposals to modify Resolution 27 (Rev.WRC-97) and Resolution 28
(WRC-95):
[165](#proposals-to-modify-resolution-27-rev.wrc-97-and-resolution-28-wrc-95)

#####  

######## 

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.2

####### 

####### to finalize remaining issues in the review of Appendix S3 to the Radio Regulations with respect to spurious emissions for space services, taking into account Recommendation 66 (Rev.WRC‑97) and the decisions of WRC-97 on adoption of new values, due to take effect at a future time, of spurious emissions for space services

# 

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\],
\[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Mexico\],
\[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\],
\[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\],
\[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

**Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, United States**

**[Background Information:]{.underline}** Recommendation No. **66 (Rev.
WRC--97)** directs the ITU-R to submit a report to **WRC-2000** with a
view to finalizing the space services spurious emissions limits in
Appendix **S3** of the Radio Regulations. The CITEL administrations
propose text that would remove the "design objectives" designation from
the space services spurious emissions limits and make related
appropriate modifications applicable to deep-space systems, satellites
with spurious emissions falling within the necessary bandwidth of
another transmitter on the same satellite, and amateur earth stations
below 30 MHz. Also, the CITEL administrations propose to adequately
recognize the case of very narrowband and unmodulated signals,
particularly for the space services. Furthermore, the CITEL
administrations propose to correct an oversight in Appendix **S3**
regarding limits for the radiodetermination service, and specify that
spurious emission levels for radar systems be determined from radiated
emissions.

**Proposal(s):**

APPENDIX **S3**

Table of Maximum Permitted Spurious\
Emission Power Levels

(See Article **S3**)

APS3

1\. The following sections indicate the maximum permitted levels of
spurious emissions, in terms of power as indicated in the tables, of any
spurious component supplied by a transmitter to the antenna transmission
line. Section I is applicable until 1 January 2012 to transmitters
installed on or before 1 January 2003; Section II is applicable to
transmitters installed after 1 January 2003 and to all transmitters
after 1 January 2012. This Appendix does not cover out-of-band
emissions. Out-of-band emissions are dealt with in No. **S4.5** of the
Radio Regulations.

2\. Spurious emission from any part of the installation, other than the
antenna and its transmission line, shall not have an effect greater than
would occur if this antenna system were supplied with the maximum
permitted power at that spurious emission frequency.

3\. These levels shall not, however, apply to emergency
position-indicating radiobeacon (EPIRB) stations, emergency locator
transmitters, ships\' emergency transmitters, lifeboat transmitters,
survival craft stations or maritime transmitters when used in emergency
situations.

4\. For technical or operational reasons, more stringent levels than
those specified may be applied to protect specific services in certain
frequency bands. The levels applied to protect these services, such as
safety and passive services, shall be those agreed upon by the
appropriate world radiocommunication conference. More stringent levels
may also be fixed by specific agreement between the administrations
concerned. Additionally, special consideration of transmitter spurious
emissions may be required for the protection of safety services, radio
astronomy and space services using passive sensors. Information on the
levels of interference detrimental to radio astronomy, Earth exploration
satellites and meteorological passive sensing is given in the most
recent version of Recommendation ITU-R SM.329.

5\. Spurious emission limits for combined radiocommunication and
information technology equipment are those for the radiocommunication
transmitters.

Section I.  Spurious Emission Limits for Transmitters Installed on\
or Before 1 January 2003 (valid until 1 January 2012)

6\. [Radar systems are exempt from spurious emission limits under this
section.]{.underline} ~~The measurement methods for radar systems should
be guided by Recommendation ITU-R M.1177. For those radar systems for
which acceptable methods of measurement do not exist,~~ T~~t~~he lowest
practicable power of spurious emission should be achieved.

**TABLE I**

Attenuation values and absolute mean power levels used to calculate
maximum\
permitted spurious emission power levels for use with radio equipment

+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Frequency band       | For any spurious component, the attenuation   |
| containing the       | (mean power within the necessary bandwidth    |
| assignment           | relative to the mean power of the spurious    |
|                      | component concerned) shall be at least that   |
| (lower limit         | specified below and the absolute mean power   |
| exclusive,\          | levels given shall not be exceeded\           |
| upper limit          | (Note 1)                                      |
| inclusive)           |                                               |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 9 kHz to 30 MHz      | 40 decibels\                                  |
|                      | 50 milliwatts\                                |
|                      | 2), 3), 4)                                    |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 30 MHz to 235 MHz    |                                               |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| -- mean power above  | 60 decibels\                                  |
| 25 watts             | 1 milliwatts\                                 |
|                      | 5)                                            |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| -- mean power 25     | 40 decibels\                                  |
| watts or less        | 25 microwatts                                 |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 235 MHz to 960 MHz   |                                               |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| -- mean power above  | 60 decibels\                                  |
| 25 watts             | 20 milliwatts\                                |
|                      | 6), 7)                                        |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| -- mean power 25     | 40 decibels\                                  |
| watts or less        | 25 microwatts\                                |
|                      | 6), 7)                                        |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| 960 MHz to 17.7 GHz  |                                               |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| -- mean power above  | 50 decibels\                                  |
| 10 watts             | 100 milliwatts\                               |
|                      | 6), 7), 8), 9)                                |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| -- mean power 10     | 100 microwatts\                               |
| watts or less        | 6), 7), 8), 9)                                |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Above 17.7 GHz       | The lowest possible values achievable shall   |
|                      | be employed (see Recommendation **66          |
|                      | (Rev.WRC-97**)).                              |
+----------------------+-----------------------------------------------+

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| **Notes to Table I**                                                  |
|                                                                       |
| ^1^ When checking compliance with the provisions of the table, it     |
| shall be verified that the bandwidth of the measuring equipment is    |
| sufficiently wide to accept all significant components of the         |
| spurious emission concerned.                                          |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ^2^ For mobile transmitters which operate below 30 MHz, any spurious  |
| component shall have an attenuation of at least 40 decibels without   |
| exceeding the value of 200 milliwatts, but every effort should be     |
| made to comply with the level of 50 milliwatts wherever practicable.  |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ^3^ For transmitters of a mean power exceeding 50 kilowatts which can |
| operate on two or more frequencies covering a frequency range         |
| approaching an octave or more, while a reduction below 50 milliwatts  |
| is not mandatory, a minimum attenuation of 60 decibels shall be       |
| provided.                                                             |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ^4^ For hand-portable equipment of mean power less than 5 watts, the  |
| attenuation shall be 30 decibels, but every practicable effort should |
| be made to attain 40 decibels attenuation.                            |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ^5^ Administrations may adopt a level of 10 milliwatts provided that  |
| harmful interference is not caused.                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ^6^ Where several transmitters feed a common antenna or closely       |
| spaced antennas on neighbouring frequencies, every practicable effort |
| should be made to comply with the levels specified.                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ^7^ Since these levels may not provide adequate protection for        |
| receiving stations in the radio astronomy and space services, more    |
| stringent levels might be considered in each individual case in the   |
| light of the geographical position of the stations concerned.         |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ^8^ These levels are not applicable to systems using digital          |
| modulation techniques, but may be used as a guide. Values for these   |
| systems may be provided by the relevant ITU-R Recommendations, when   |
| available (see Recommendation **66 (Rev.WRC 97)**).                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ^9^ These levels are not applicable to stations in the space          |
| services, but the levels of their spurious emissions should be        |
| reduced to the lowest possible values compatible with the technical   |
| and economic constraints to which the equipment is subject. Values    |
| for these systems may be provided by the relevant ITU-R               |
| Recommendations, when available (see Recommendation **66              |
| Rev.WRC-97)**).                                                       |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+

Section II.  Spurious Emission Limits for Transmitters\
Installed After 1 January 2003 and for All\
Transmitters After 1 January 2012

## 

***Application of these limits***

7\. The frequency range of the measurement of spurious emissions is from
9 kHz to 110 GHz or the second harmonic if higher.

8\. Guidance regarding the methods of measuring spurious emissions is
given in the most recent version of Recommendation ITU-R SM.329. The
e.i.r.p. method specified in that Recommendation should be used when it
is not possible to measure the power supplied to the antenna
transmission line[, or for specific applications, such as radars, where
the antenna is designed to provide significant attenuation at the
spurious frequencies]{.underline}. Additionally, the e.i.r.p. method may
need some modification for special cases, e.g. beam-forming radars.

9\. Guidance regarding the methods of measuring spurious emissions from
radar systems is given in the most recent version of Recommendation
ITU-R M.1177. The reference bandwidths required for proper measurement
of radar spurious emissions should be calculated for each particular
radar system. Thus, for the three general types of radar pulse
modulation utilized for radionavigation, radiolocation, acquisition,
tracking and other radiodetermination functions, the reference bandwidth
values should be:

-- for fixed-frequency, non-pulse-coded radar, one divided by the radar
pulse length, in seconds (e.g. if the radar pulse length is
1 microsecond, then the reference bandwidth is 1/1s = 1 MHz);

-- for fixed-frequency, phase coded pulsed radar, one divided
by  the  phase chip length, in seconds (e.g. if the phase coded chip is
2 microseconds long, then the reference bandwidth is 1/2s = 500 kHz);

-- for frequency modulated (FM) or chirped radar, the square root of the
quantity obtained by dividing the radar bandwidth in MHz by the pulse
length, in seconds (e.g. if the FM is from 1 250 to 1 280 MHz or 30 MHz
during the pulse of 10 microseconds, then the reference bandwidth is
(30 MHz/10s)^1/2^ = 1.73 MHz).

For those radar systems for which acceptable methods of measurement do
not exist, the lowest practicable power of spurious emission should be
achieved.

10\. The spurious emission levels are specified in the following
reference bandwidths:

-- 1 kHz between 9 kHz and 150 kHz

-- 10 kHz between 150 kHz and 30 MHz

-- 100 kHz between 30 MHz and 1 GHz

-- 1 MHz above 1 GHz

As a special case, the reference bandwidth of all space service spurious
emissions should be 4 kHz.

11\. For the purpose of setting limits, all emissions, including
harmonic emissions, intermodulation products, frequency conversion
products and parasitic emissions, which fall at frequencies separated
from the centre frequency of the emission by 250%, or more, of the
necessary bandwidth of the emission will generally be considered as
spurious emissions. However, this frequency separation may be dependent
on the type of modulation used, the maximum bit rate in the case of
digital modulation, the type of transmitter and frequency coordination
factors. For example, in the case of digital (including digital
broadcasting) modulation systems, broadband systems, pulsed modulation
systems and narrow-band high power transmitters, the frequency
separation may need to differ from the ±250% factor. For multichannel or
multicarrier transmitters/transponders, where several carriers may be
transmitted simultaneously from a final output amplifier or an active
antenna, the centre frequency of the emission is taken to be the centre
of the --3 dB bandwidth of the transmitter or transponder and the
necessary bandwidth is taken to be the transmitter or transponder
bandwidth.

11 bis. As an emitted signal becomes more and more narrow (to the
limiting case of an unmodulated carrier with theoretical necessary
bandwidth of zero), the application of the term "necessary bandwidth" as
used in determining the region where spurious emission limits apply to
space services, becomes more and more difficult. In the limit, +/-250%
of necessary bandwidth (generally recognised as establishing the region
beyond which spurious emissions are defined), approaches zero. Beacon
and other unmodulated signals, such as those used in uplink and downlink
circuits in control and tracking of satellites, are examples of a case
where it is difficult to practically apply the term "necessary
bandwidth" in determining where out-of-band emissions end, and spurious
emissions begin. Pending further studies and definitive action by a
future World Radiocommunication Conference, in calculating the region
where spurious emission limits apply for transmitters using amplifiers
to pass essentially an unmodulated signal (or a signal with very small
bandwidth), the amplifier bandwidth is taken to be the necessary
bandwidth (in calculating the regions where spurious emissions apply.

11 ter For satellites employing more than one transponder, and when
considering the limits for spurious emission as indicated by Headnote 11
to Appendix **S3**, spurious emissions from one transponder may fall on
a frequency at which a companion, second transponder is transmitting or
in the guard band between two transponders. In this situation, the level
of spurious emission from the first transponder is well exceeded by
fundamental emissions of the second transponder or within the guard
bands between the different transponders. Therefore, limits in this
appendix do not apply to those spurious emissions on a satellite which
fall within the bands where there are transmissions from the same
satellite into the same service area.

12. **Examples of applying 43 + 10 log (*P*) to calculate attenuation
    requirements**

Where specified in relation to mean power, spurious emissions are to be
at least x dB below the total mean power *P*, i.e. --x dBc. The power
*P* (in watts) is to be measured in a bandwidth wide enough to include
the total mean power. The spurious emissions are to be measured in the
reference bandwidths given in the Recommendation. The measurement of the
spurious emission power is independent of the value of necessary
bandwidth. Because the absolute emission power limit, derived from 43 +
10 log (*P*), can become too stringent for high-power transmitters,
alternative relative powers are also provided in Table II.

*Example 1*

A land mobile transmitter, with any value of necessary bandwidth, must
meet a spurious emission attenuation of 43 + 10 log (*P*), or 70 dBc,
whichever is less stringent. To measure spurious emissions in the
frequency range between 30 MHz and 1 000 MHz, Recommendation ITU-R
SM.329-7 *recommends* 4.1 indicates the use of a reference bandwidth of
100 kHz. For other frequency ranges, the measurement must use the
appropriate reference bandwidths given in *recommends* 4.1.

With a measured total mean power of 10 watts:

-- Attenuation relative to total mean power = 43 + 10 log (10) = 53 dBc.

-- The 53 dBc is less stringent than 70 dBc, so the 53 dBc value is
used.

-- Therefore: Spurious emissions must not exceed 53 dBc in a 100 kHz
bandwidth, or converting to an absolute level, spurious emissions must
not exceed 10 dBW -- 53 dBc = --43 dBW in a 100 kHz reference bandwidth.

With a measured total mean power of 1 000 watts:

-- Attenuation relative to total mean power = 43 + 10 log (1 000) = 73
dBc.

-- The 73 dBc is more stringent than 70 dBc limit, so the 70 dBc value
is used.

-   Therefore: Spurious emissions must not exceed 70 dBc in a 100 kHz
    bandwidth, or converting to an absolute level, spurious emissions
    must not exceed 30 dBW -- 70 dBc = --40 dBW in a 100 kHz reference
    bandwidth.

    *Example 2*

    A space service transmitter with any value of necessary bandwidth
    must meet a spurious emission attenuation of 43 + 10 log (*P*), or
    60 dBc, whichever is less stringent. To measure spurious emissions
    at any frequency, Note 1 to Table II indicates using a reference
    bandwidth of 4 kHz.

    With a measured total mean power of 20 watts:

    -- Attenuation relative to total mean power = 43 + 10 log (20) =
    56 dBc.

    -- The 56 dBc is less stringent than the 60 dBc limit, so the 56 dBc
    value is used.

-   Therefore: Spurious emissions must not exceed 56 dBc in a 4 kHz
    reference bandwidth, or converting to an absolute level, spurious
    emissions must not exceed 13 dBW -- 56 dBc = --43 dBW in a 4 kHz
    reference bandwidth.

TABLE II

Attenuation values used to calculate maximum permitted spurious
emission\
power levels for use with radio equipment

  ------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------
  Service category in\                  Attenuation (dB) below the power\
  accordance with Article S1, or        supplied to the antenna transmission line
  equipment type15)                     

  All services except those services    43 + 10 log (*P*), or 70 dBc, whichever is
  quoted below:                         less stringent

  Space services (earth stations)\      43 + 10 log (*P*), or 60 dBc, whichever is
  10), ~~14~~),[16]{.underline})        less stringent

  Space services (space stations)\      43 + 10 log (*P*), or 60 dBc, whichever is
  10), ~~14~~), [17]{.underline})       less stringent

  Radiodetermination[14]{.underline})   43 + 10 log (*PEP*), or 60 dB, whichever is
                                        less stringent

  Broadcast television11)               46 + 10 log (*P*), or 60 dBc, whichever is
                                        less stringent, without exceeding the absolute
                                        mean power level of 1 mW for VHF stations or
                                        12 mW for UHF stations. However, greater
                                        attenuation may be necessary on a case by case
                                        basis.

  Broadcast FM                          46 + 10 log (*P*), or 70 dBc, whichever is
                                        less stringent; the absolute mean power level
                                        of 1 mW should not be exceeded

  Broadcasting at MF/HF                 50 dBc; the absolute mean power level of 50 mW
                                        should not be exceeded

  SSB from mobile stations12)           43 dB below *PEP*

  Amateur services operating below 30   43 + 10 log (*PEP*), or 50 dB, whichever is
  MHz (including with SSB)12),          less stringent
  [16]{.underline})                     
  ------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------

**TABLE II (*end*)**

+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Service category in\      | Attenuation (dB) below the power\        |
| accordance with Article   | supplied to the antenna transmission     |
| S1, or equipment type15)  | line                                     |
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Services operating below  | 43 + 10 log (*X*), or 60 dBc, whichever  |
| 30 MHz, except space,     | is less stringent, where *X* = *PEP* for |
| radiodetermination,       | SSB modulation, and *X* = *P* for other  |
| broadcast, those using    | modulation                               |
| SSB from mobile stations, |                                          |
| and amateur12)            |                                          |
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Low-power device radio    | 56 + 10 log (*P*), or 40 dBc, whichever  |
| equipment13)              | is less stringent                        |
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Emergency                 | No limit                                 |
| position-indicating radio |                                          |
| beacon                    |                                          |
|                           |                                          |
| Emergency locator         |                                          |
| transmitter               |                                          |
|                           |                                          |
| Personal location beacon  |                                          |
|                           |                                          |
| Search and rescue         |                                          |
| transponder               |                                          |
|                           |                                          |
| Ship emergency, lifeboat  |                                          |
| and survival craft        |                                          |
| transmitters              |                                          |
|                           |                                          |
| Land, aeronautical or     |                                          |
| maritime transmitters     |                                          |
| when used in emergency    |                                          |
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| *P*: mean power in watts  |                                          |
| supplied to the antenna   |                                          |
| transmission line, in     |                                          |
| accordance with           |                                          |
| No. **S1.158**. When      |                                          |
| burst transmission is     |                                          |
| used, the mean power *P*  |                                          |
| and the mean power of any |                                          |
| spurious emissions are    |                                          |
| measured using power      |                                          |
| averaging over the burst  |                                          |
| duration.                 |                                          |
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| *PEP*: peak envelope      |                                          |
| power in watts supplied   |                                          |
| to the antenna            |                                          |
| transmission line, in     |                                          |
| accordance with           |                                          |
| No. **S1.157**.           |                                          |
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| dBc: decibels relative to |                                          |
| the unmodulated carrier   |                                          |
| power of the emission. In |                                          |
| the cases which do not    |                                          |
| have a carrier, for       |                                          |
| example in some digital   |                                          |
| modulation schemes where  |                                          |
| the carrier is not        |                                          |
| accessible for            |                                          |
| measurement, the          |                                          |
| reference level           |                                          |
| equivalent to dBc is      |                                          |
| decibels relative to the  |                                          |
| mean power *P*.           |                                          |
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+

**Notes to Table II**

^10^ Spurious emission limits for all space services are stated in a 4
kHz reference bandwidth.

^11^ For analogue television transmissions, the mean power level is
defined with a specified video signal modulation. This video signal has
to be chosen in such a way that the maximum mean power level (e.g. at
the video signal blanking level for negatively modulated television
systems) is supplied to the antenna transmission line.

^12^ All classes of emission using SSB are included in the category
\"SSB\".

^13^ Low-power radio devices having a maximum output power of less than\
100 mW and intended for short-range communication or control purposes;
such equipment is in general exempt from individual licensing.

^14^ ~~These values are "design objectives". This note will not be
applicable after the 1999 World Radiocommunication Conference.~~
[Radiodetermination (Radar) system spurious emission dB attenuation
shall be determined for radiated emission levels, not at the antenna
transmission line. The measurement methods for determining the radiated
spurious emission levels from the radar systems should be guided by
Recommendation ITU-R M.1177.]{.underline}

^15^ In some cases of digital modulation (including digital
broadcasting), broadband systems, pulsed modulation and narrow-band
high-power transmitters for all categories of services, there may be
difficulties in meeting limits close to 250% of the necessary bandwidth.

^16^ Amateur earth stations operating below 30 MHz are in the service
category 'Amateur services operating below 30 MHz (including with SSB).'

^17^ Space stations, intended to operate in deep space (defined in
S1.177) are exempt from spurious emission limits.

**Reasons:** Recommendation No. **66 (Rev. WRC--97)** directs the ITU-R
to submit a report to the next WRC with a view to finalizing the space
services spurious emissions limits in Appendix **S3** of the Radio
Regulations. The CITEL administrations propose to confirm the values in
Table II and "clean up" the table by removing the "design objectives"
designation from the space services spurious emissions limits.
Furthermore, by clarifying the exemption of radar systems from the
Section I limits, the CITEL administrations propose to correct an
oversight in Appendix **S3** regarding limits for the radiodetermination
service that may lead incorrectly to the application of the Section I
limits to radars. Also, the CITEL administrations propose to clarify the
application of the e.i.r.p. measurement method to radars particularly,
but also to other systems where antenna line measurements may not be
appropriate.

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

##### 

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.4

####### to consider issues concerning allocations and regulatory aspects related to Resolutions 126 (WRC-97), 128 (WRC-97), 129 (WRC-97), 133 (WRC-97), 134 (WRC-97) and 726 (WRC-97);

Submitted by the following Administrations:

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Grenada\], \[Guyana\],
\[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Mexico\], \[Nicaragua\],
\[Panama\], \[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and
the Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and
Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, United States

######## Proposal for the Confirmation of the Fixed Service Allocation in the 31.8 -- 33.4 GHz Frequency Range (Resolution 126 and 726)

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** Resolutions 126 and 726 invite
the ITU-R to address, among other issues, sharing between High Density
Fixed Systems (HDFS) and other radiocommunication services sharing
spectrum in the bands 31.8 - 33.4 GHz, 51.4 ‑ 52.6 GHz, 55.78 - 59 GHz
and 64 - 66 GHz bands.

At WRC-97, a number of frequency bands above 30 GHz were identified
through Resolution 726 as available for the deployment of high density
fixed systems. Included in Resolution 726 is the frequency range 31.8 -
33.4 GHz. WRC-97 amended the table of frequency allocations to include
the fixed service on a primary basis in the 31.8 ‑ 33.4 GHz range
subject to conditions found in Resolution 126. The first condition
stipulated that this allocation to the fixed service would not go into
force until January 1, 2001. Secondly, this allocation would be reviewed
at WRC-2000 taking into account the results of sharing studies and the
future requirements of the other allocated services. The frequency range
31.8 - 33.4 GHz has also has primary allocations to the radionavigation,
space research (space-to-Earth) (deep space) and the inter-satellite
services.

The ITU-R, through various working parties, have studied the sharing
potential between the fixed service (high density applications) and the
other primary services. With regard to sharing between the fixed and
radionavigation service, studies indicated that sharing may be possible
through the use of appropriate mitigation and operational measures,
recognizing that fixed systems may receive emissions from airborne
radionavigation systems. However, actual interference events are
expected to be rare. The CPM Report recommended that sharing between the
fixed and radionavigation service could be addressed through the
development of appropriate ITU-R Recommendations. Sharing between the
fixed service and the deep space facilities is considered practical as
there are only a few deep space sites in the world and coordination with
the fixed stations is feasible. It would be appropriate to adopt a
suitable free-space spectral pfd limit at the surface of the Earth in
order to provide adequate protection to HDFS systems from BSS satellites
in a temporary near-Earth orbit phase, Studies have also concluded that
interference levels from high density fixed stations into
inter-satellite receivers are well within acceptable limits.

**Proposal(s):**

**29.9 -- 34.2 GHz**

+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+
| Allocation   |                           |                           |
| to Services  |                           |                           |
+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+
| ###          | ###### Region 2           | ###### Region 3           |
| ### Region 1 |                           |                           |
+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+
| **31.8 --    |                           |                           |
| 32** FIXED   |                           |                           |
| ~~S5.547A~~  |                           |                           |
| **MOD        |                           |                           |
| S5.547A**    |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| RAD          |                           |                           |
| IONAVIGATION |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| SPACE        |                           |                           |
| RESEARCH     |                           |                           |
| (deep space) |                           |                           |
| (spa         |                           |                           |
| ce-to-Earth) |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| > **MOD**    |                           |                           |
| > S5.547     |                           |                           |
| > S5.547B    |                           |                           |
| > S5.548     |                           |                           |
+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+
| **32 --      |                           |                           |
| 32.3** FIXED |                           |                           |
| ~~S5.547A~~  |                           |                           |
| **MOD        |                           |                           |
| S5.547A**    |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| INT          |                           |                           |
| ER-SATELLITE |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| > RAD        |                           |                           |
| IONAVIGATION |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| SPACE        |                           |                           |
| RESEARCH     |                           |                           |
| (deep space) |                           |                           |
| (spa         |                           |                           |
| ce-to-Earth) |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| > **MOD**    |                           |                           |
| > S5.547     |                           |                           |
| > S5.547C    |                           |                           |
| > S5.548     |                           |                           |
+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+
| **32.3 --    |                           |                           |
| 33** FIXED   |                           |                           |
| ~~S5.547A~~  |                           |                           |
| **MOD        |                           |                           |
| S5.547A**    |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| INT          |                           |                           |
| ER-SATELLITE |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| RAD          |                           |                           |
| IONAVIGATION |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| > **MOD**    |                           |                           |
| > S5.547     |                           |                           |
| > S5.547D    |                           |                           |
| > S5.548     |                           |                           |
+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+
| **33         |                           |                           |
| --33.4**     |                           |                           |
| FIXED        |                           |                           |
| ~~S5.547A~~  |                           |                           |
| **MOD**      |                           |                           |
| **S5.547A**  |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| RAD          |                           |                           |
| IONAVIGATION |                           |                           |
|              |                           |                           |
| > **MOD**    |                           |                           |
| > S5.547     |                           |                           |
| > S5.547E    |                           |                           |
+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+

> Suppress Resolution 726
>
> ~~RESOLUTION 726 (WRC‑97)~~
>
> **~~Frequency bands above 30 GHz available for high‑density
> applications in the fixed service~~**
>
> **S5.547** The bands 31.8 -- 33.4 GHz, 51.4 -- 52.6 GHz, 55.78 -- 59
> GHz and 64 -- 66 GHz are available for high-density applications in
> the fixed service ~~(see Resolution 726 (WRC-97))~~.

Suppression of Resolution 126

~~RESOLUTION 126(WRC-97)~~

**~~Use of the frequency band 31.8 - 33.4 GHz for high-density~~**

**~~systems in the fixed service~~**

> **S5.547A** ~~Use of the band 31.8 -- 33.4 GHz by the fixed service
> shall be in accordance with Resolution 126 (WRC-97).~~ [Due to the
> operational nature of the radionavigation service, systems in the
> fixed service operating in the 31.8 -- 33.4 GHz band may be subject to
> emissions from airborne radionavigation systems. Interference into
> fixed systems is expected to be rare, however, Administrations are
> encouraged to take practical measures to minimize potential
> interference, taking into account S4.10.]{.underline}

#### IAP/1.4/14

**MOD**

**Table S21-4**

+--------------+-------+-------+--------------+-----------+-----------+
| **Frequency  | ##### | **    |              |           | **        |
| Band**       | ## Se | Limit |              |           | Reference |
|              | rvice | in dB |              |           | ba        |
|              |       | (W/   |              |           | ndwidth** |
|              |       | m^2^) |              |           |           |
|              |       | for   |              |           |           |
|              |       | angle |              |           |           |
|              |       | of    |              |           |           |
|              |       | ar    |              |           |           |
|              |       | rival |              |           |           |
|              |       | ()    |              |           |           |
|              |       | above |              |           |           |
|              |       | the   |              |           |           |
|              |       | horiz |              |           |           |
|              |       | ontal |              |           |           |
|              |       | pl    |              |           |           |
|              |       | ane** |              |           |           |
+--------------+-------+-------+--------------+-----------+-----------+
|              |       | 0 - 5 | 5 -- 25      | 25 -- 90  |           |
+--------------+-------+-------+--------------+-----------+-----------+
| [31.8 --     | ####  | [-1   | [            | [-105]{.u | ##        |
| 32.3         | # SRS | 20]{. | -120+0.75( - | nderline} | ### 1 MHz |
| GHz]         |       | under | 5)]          |           |           |
| {.underline} |       | line} | {.underline} |           |           |
+--------------+-------+-------+--------------+-----------+-----------+
| [32 -- 33    | ####  | [-1   | [-135 + ( -  | [-115]{.u | [1        |
| GHz]         | # ISS | 35]{. | 5)]          | nderline} | MHz]{.u   |
| {.underline} |       | under | {.underline} |           | nderline} |
|              |       | line} |              |           |           |
+--------------+-------+-------+--------------+-----------+-----------+

> **Reasons**: Sharing studies have concluded that reasonable measures
> can be taken by the various services using this band to ensure
> practical co‑existence. As a result, it is possible to confirm the
> fixed allocations in the band 31.8 - 33.4 GHz, and to identify this
> band as being available for HDFS applications. Consequently,
> Resolution **126** can be suppressed. In addition, the draft CPM
> Report to WRC-2000 provides suitable pfd limits to protect the fixed
> service. With regard to the band 31.8 -- 33.4 GHz, Resolution **726**
> can be suppressed since the necessary ITU‑R studies required to
> confirm the fixed service allocation have been completed.

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.6.2

####### Identification of a global radio control channel to facilitate multimode terminal operation and worldwide roaming of IMT‑2000

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Grenada\], \[Guyana\],
\[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\],
\[Paraguay\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\],
\[St. Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\],
\[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru, United
States

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** At the time that the WRC-2000
agenda was established, studies were underway within TG 8/1 examining
whether global roaming could be accomplished by identifying one or more
global radio control channels that could allow radios to be tuned to the
appropriate frequency band identifying a "physical" channel was wanted,
in favor of using other approaches that may include the development of a
"logical" channel structure for this purpose.

Based on discussions to date within TG 8/1, it has been determined that
facilitation of multimode terminal operation and worldwide roaming of
IMT-2000 is possible without a specific physical global radio control
channel.

**Proposal(s):**

There is no need to identify a global radio control channel for IMT-2000
in the Radio Regulations, therefore no action is required by WRC-2000.

**\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--**

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.7

####### review of the use of the HF bands by the aeronautical mobile (R) and maritime mobile services with a view to protecting operational, distress and safety communications, taking into account Resolution 346 (WRC-97)

######## Proposal to protect the operational, distress and safety communications in the HF bands used by the aeronautical mobile (R) and maritime mobile services 

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\],
\[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Nicaragua\],
\[Panama\], \[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and
the Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and
Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, United States

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** WP8B and the CPM have
identified two issues comprising this agenda item;

1)  HF bands allocated for the distress and safety communications of the
    maritime and aeronautical mobile (R) services have been subjected to
    an increase in harmful interference caused by unauthorized use. It
    is essential for the safety-of-life and property that these distress
    and safety channels are kept free from unauthorized use and harmful
    interference.

2)  Several maritime HF distress and safety frequencies are also used
    for international routine calling. The routine calling can cause
    interference to distress and safety communications due to the caller
    not being aware of ongoing traffic on the ship calling frequency
    since the ship is tuned to a different receive frequency for coast
    station calls and replies.

In addition, both the CPM Report and the report of the SCRPM to the CPM
address the issue of interference in the HF bands by providing possible
methods with satisfying this agenda item. One method proposes the
modification of Resolution 207, where administrations would be drawn
towards the fact that the interference is often due to unauthorized
sources and to study solutions in assisting the mitigation of this
interference. Another method calls upon the ITU-R to study the future
technical and operational needs of the maritime mobile and aeronautical
mobile (R) services in particular solutions providing effective and
efficient distress and safety communications. Therefore, CITEL
administrations propose the modification of Resolution 207 and the
addition of new Resolution \[HF\].

**MARITIME ISSUES**

The protection of maritime HF distress and safety frequencies, in
particular the frequencies 12 290 kHz and 16 420 kHz, is addressed in
Resolution **346 (WRC-97)**. A significant source of interference to
distress traffic on these frequencies is due to their use as calling
frequencies. Resolution **346** calls for administrations to minimize
the use of these frequencies for non-safety calling purposes by coast
and ship stations.

GMDSS distress and safety frequencies are also used for calling in some
of the other maritime HF bands. In each maritime HF band one channel is
designated as an international calling channel pair for radiotelephony.
In the 4, 6, 12 and 16 MHz bands, the distress and safety frequency is
the same as the ships transmitting frequency on the calling channel.

The radio telephony calling channels are used on duplex basis, whilst
the distress and safety frequencies are used on simplex. When a ship is
calling a coast station, it transmits on the distress frequency. The
problem is that at times that the ship has difficulty monitoring whether
or not there is ongoing distress traffic, because its receiver is on the
corresponding coast station frequency. This problems occurs in the 4, 6,
12 and 16 MHz bands and not in the 8, 18, 22 and 25 MHz bands. The
problem is being caused by the transmitting station not adhering to
existing regulatory standards which require a station to listen on its
transmitting frequency prior to transmitting. Equipment modification may
be necessary in order to listen on the ship frequency of a duplex pair
prior to transmitting on that frequency.

Once initial contact has been established and working frequencies
coordinated, traffic handling is accomplished directly on the
coordinated working frequencies.

The CPM identified that compliance with existing Radio Regulations,
**S52.224** which requires that a station listens before transmitting is
a method to help alleviate the interference problem. Further regulations
are not required, rather enforcement of the existing regulation. CPM
considered the modification of Article **S52** and Appendices **S13**
and **S17** to exclude routine calling from the HF distress and safety
frequencies as a method to satisfy the agenda item. This method may
require modification of existing equipment.

CITEL administrations propose no change to divide the existing distress
and calling channels in two separate frequencies, one exclusive distress
and safety frequency and one international radiotelephony calling
frequency. The distress frequencies should remain the same as they are
at present where calling is allowed and no modifications to the distress
procedures are required. Strict compliance and enforcement of existing
Radio Regulations, **S52.224,** which requires that a station listen
before it transmits would alleviate this problem.

This proposal contains the minimum modifications required in the Radio
Regulations and its Appendices in order to improve the situation on the
HF radiotelephony distress and safety frequencies.

CPM further encouraged the use of digital selective calling (DSC)
instead of calling by radiotelephony, while recognizing that all vessels
may not be fitted with DSC.

This proposal is also encouraging ships and coast stations to use
digital selective calling. If voice calling is required, it should in
the first instance be done on the coast station working channel and
secondarily on the appropriate calling frequency.

**AERONAUTICAL ISSUES**

The interference to HF frequencies allocated to the aeronautical mobile
(R) service between 2 850 kHz and 22 000 kHz appears to be the result of
unauthorized non-aviation use of aeronautical mobile (R) frequencies. In
some parts of the world the aeronautical mobile (R) HF frequencies are
being used for land mobile, broadcast, fixed point-to-point
communications and in maritime applications such as in support of
fishing fleets. These unauthorized uses have resulted in frequent cases
of harmful interference and have diminished the spectrum available for
the aeronautical mobile (R) safety-of-life applications.

Administrations should ensure that stations of services other than the
aeronautical mobile (R) service refrain from using frequencies in the
bands allocated exclusively to the aeronautical mobile (R) service.
Administrations should make every effort to identify and locate the
source of any unauthorized emission causing harmful interference.
Recognizing that such emissions are capable of endangering human life
and property and the safe and regular conduct of aircraft operations,
should take necessary measures to prevent stations from operating in
contravention of ITU Radio Regulations.

WP8B and the CPM recommend modifications of Article **S15** to ensure
that suitable provisions are made for the aeronautical mobile (R)
service.

CITEL administrations propose modifications to Article **S15** to
include reference to Appendix **S27**. This modification will ensure
special consideration is given to avoiding interference on the
frequencies used for safety and regularity of flight. Currently, Article
**S15** only refers to Article **S31** Appendix **S13**, which is
primarily for maritime services.

CITEL administrations propose no changes to Appendix **S27**. Presently,
the HF bands allocated to the aeronautical mobile (R) service are nearly
saturated by the use of analog voice communications. This spectrum must
be maintained for the new digital high frequency data link (HFDL)
communications. HFDL communications will provide a capability for the
transfer of air traffic control and aeronautical operational control
data to and from pilots operating over oceanic airspace, on polar
routes, and in airspace over sparsely populated or undeveloped countries
where other communications systems are not practical. The International
Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) will have completed Standards and
Recommended Practices for HFDL before the end of 1999. Appendix **S27**
contains the Allotment Plan for the aeronautical use of HF aeronautical
mobile (Route) service. Review of Appendix **S27**, if necessary, should
be performed by ICAO and by ITU-R Working Party 8B and consequently
considered by a subsequent WRC.

**Proposal(s):**

**ARTICLE S15**

Interferences

Section I -- Interference from Radio Stations

**S15.8** § 4 Special consideration shall be given to avoiding
interference on distress and safety frequencies and those related to
distress and safety identified in Appendix** S13** [and safety and
regularity of flight identified in Appendix **S27**,]{.underline}

**Reasons:** Frequencies for safety and regulatory of flight in the
Aeronautical Mobile (R) service are not listed in Appendix **S13**,
since this appendix is primarily for maritime services. Inclusion of
Appendix **S27** in this provision will ensure special consideration is
given to avoiding interference on these frequencies used for safety and
regularity of flight.

Section VI -- Procedure in a case of harmful interference

**S15.28** § 20 Recognizing that transmissions on the distress and
safety frequencies [and frequencies used for the safety and regularity
of flight]{.underline} (See Article **S31[,]{.underline}** ~~and~~
Appendix** S13** [and Appendix **S27**]{.underline}) require absolute
international protection[,]{.underline} and that the elimination of
harmful interference to such transmissions is imperative,
administrations undertake to act immediately when their attention is
drawn to any such harmful interference.

**Reasons:** Frequencies for safety and regulatory of flight in the
Aeronautical Mobile (R) service are not listed in Article S31 or
Appendix S13, since this appendix is primarily for maritime services.
Inclusion of Appendix **S27** would lead to the protection of
frequencies used for safety and regularity of flight against
interference.

**S15.35 § 27 On being informed that a station over which it has
jurisdiction is believed to have been the cause of harmful interference,
an administration shall, as soon as possible, acknowledge receipt of
that information by ~~telegram~~ [the quickest means
available]{.underline}. Such acknowledgement shall not constitute an
acceptance of responsibility.**

**Reasons:** Improvements in technology provide quicker means of
communicating information, such email and facsimiles. The quicker a case
of interference is reported, the quicker the action can be taken against
that interference, and the shorter the duration of the interference.

ARTICLE S52

**Special rules relating to the use of frequencies**

**S52.216**

*C. Bands between 4 000 kHz and 27 500 kHz*

C1. Mode of operation of Stations

**S52.219** 3) Coast stations employing class J3E or J2D emissions in
accordance with No. **S52.217** in the bands between 4 000 and 27 500
kHz shall use the minimum power necessary to cover their service area
and shall at no time use a peak envelope power in excess of 10 kW per
channel. [On the radiotelephony calling frequencies 4 417 kHz and 6 516
kHz coast stations shall limit their peak envelope power to the lowest
value to maintain reliable communications, not to exceed 5
kW.]{.underline}

**Reasons:** Due to geographical differences, the higher power of 5 kW
is required to provide adequate communications coverage.

**S52.220** 4) Ship stations employing class J3E or J2D emissions in
accordance with No. **S52.217** in the bands between 4 000 kHz and
27 500 kHz shall at no time use a peak envelope power in excess of 1.5
kW per channel.

Reasons: Higher shipboard power increases the potential for interference
and out of band emissions.

[**S52.220A** Administrations should encourage the coast stations and
ships under their jurisdiction to utilize the digital selective calling
techniques for call and reply.]{.underline}

**Reasons:** Decreases the potential for interference on the distress
channels.

[**S52.220B** When calling by radiotelephony is necessary, it should be
done (in order of preference):]{.underline}

**Reasons:** Decreases the potential for interference on the distress
channels.

[**S52.220C** (1) On the working frequencies assigned to the coast
station in question or]{.underline}

**Reasons:** Decreases the potential for interference on the distress
channels.

[**S52.220D** (2) when this is not possible, on the international
calling frequencies listed under **S52.221**.]{.underline}

**Reasons:** Decreases the potential for interference on the distress
channels

> **C2. Call and reply**

**S52.221** § 97. (1) Ship stations may use the following carrier
frequencies for calling in radiotelephony:

> 4 125 kHz ^3,\ 4,\ 5^
>
> 6 215 kHz ^4\ ,5^

8 255 kHz

> 12290 kHz^5^\
> 16420 kHz^5^\
> 18795 kHz\
> 22 060 kHz
>
> 25 097 kHz

**Reasons:** It is not necessary to convert calling frequencies from
duplex to simplex.

^3^ **S52.221.1** In the United States, the carrier frequency 4 125 kHz
is also authorized for common use by coast and ship stations for
single-sideband radiotelephony on a simplex basis, provided the peak
envelope power of such stations does not exceed 1 kW (see also No.
**S5.222.2**).

**Reasons:** This note supports existing U.S. use of this channel in
remote areas of our Search and Rescue areas of responsibility and
supports communications in remote areas.

^4^ **S52.221.2** The carrier frequencies 4 125 kHz and 6 215 kHz are
also authorized for common use by coast and ship stations for
single-sideband radiotelephony on a simplex basis for call and reply
purposes, provided that the peak envelope power of such stations does
not exceed 1 kW. The use of these frequencies for working purposes is
not permitted (see also Appendix **S13** and No. **S52.221.1**).

**Reasons:** This note supports existing use of this channel in remote
areas of Search and Rescue responsibility and supports communications in
remote areas.

**^5^ S52.221.3** The carrier frequencies 4 125 kHz, 6 215 kHz, 8 291
kHz, 12 290 kHz and 16 420 kHz are also authorized for common use by
coast and ship stations for single-sideband radiotelephony on a simplex
basis for distress and safety traffic.

**Reasons:** This note supports existing uses and enhances maritime
safety in remote geographical areas.

> **S52.222** (2) Coast stations may use the following carrier
> frequencies for calling in radiotelephony^6^:
>
> 4417kHz^7^\
> 6516kHz^7^\
> 8779kHz\
> 13137kHz\
> 17302kHz\
> 19770kHz\
> 22756kHz\
> 26 172 kHz

Reasons: Conversion to simplex operation is not necessary.

~~^6^ **S52.222.1** These frequencies may also be used by coast stations
with class H2B emission, when using the selective calling system defined
in Recommendation ITU-R M.257-3.~~

Reasons: This system is out of date and no longer in use.

^7^ **S52.222.2** The carrier frequencies 4 417 kHz and 6 516 kHz are
also authorized for common use by coast and ship stations for
single-sideband radiotelephony on a simplex basis, provided that the
peak envelope power of such stations ~~does not exceed 1 kW~~ [shall be
limited to the lowest value to maintain reliable communications, not to
exceed 5 kW]{.underline}. The use of 6 516 kHz for this purpose should
be limited to daytime operation (see also No. **S52.221.1**).

**Reasons:** Consequential to **MOD S52.219**.

**S52.224** § 99. 1) Before transmitting on the carrier frequencies
4 125 kHz, 6 215 kHz, 8 291 kHz, 12 290 kHz or 16 420 kHz a station
shall listen on the frequency for a reasonable period to make sure that
no distress traffic is being sent (see Recommendation ITU-R M.1171).

**Reasons:** It may not be a simple task to monitor the ship transmit
frequency when set to a duplex calling channel.

**S52.227** 2) The frequencies to be used for the conduct of simplex
radiotelephony are shown in Appendix **S17**, [Sub-]{.underline}Section
B. In these cases, the peak envelope power of the coast station
transmitter shall not exceed 1 kW.

**Reasons:** Editorial.

APPENDIX S17

Frequencies and channeling arrangements in the\
high‑frequency bands for the maritime mobile service

(See Article **S52**)

> PART A -- Table of subdivided bands
>
> **PART B** -- **Channeling arrangements**
>
> **Section I -- Radiotelephony**
>
> 5\. The following frequencies in Sub-Section A are allocated for
> calling purposes:

-- (Channel No.   421 in the   4 MHz band);

-- (Channel No.   606 in the   6 MHz band);

-- (Channel No.   821 in the   8 MHz band);

-- (Channel No. 1221 in the 12 MHz band);

-- (Channel No. 1621 in the 16 MHz band);

-- (Channel No. 1806 in the 18 MHz band);

-- (Channel No. 2221 in the 22 MHz band);

-- (Channel No. 2510 in the 25 MHz band).

> The remaining frequencies in Sub-Sections A, B, C-1 and C-2 are
> working frequencies.

**Reasons:** Conversion to simplex operation is not necessary.

5A For the use of the carrier frequencies:

4 125 kHz (Channel No. 421)

> 6 215 kHz (Channel No. 606)
>
> 8 291 kHz (Channel No. 833)
>
> 12 290 kHz (Channel No. 1221)
>
> 16 420 kHz (Channel No. 1621)

In Sub-Section A, by coast and ship stations for distress and safety
purposes, see Article **S31** and Appendix **S13**.

Reasons: Conversion to simplex operation is not necessary.

**SUB-SECTION A**

Table of single-sideband transmitting frequencies (kHz) for duplex\
(two-frequency) operation

**Reasons:** Conversion to simplex operation is not necessary.

APPENDIX S27

**Frequency allotment Plan for the aeronautical mobile (R) service and
related information**

**Reasons:** ICAO in consultation with the ITU-R should perform any
review of Appendix **S27**, if necessary. The HF bands allocated to the
aeronautical mobile (R) service are nearly saturated by the use of
analog voice communications. This spectrum must be maintained for the
new digital high frequency data link (HFDL) communications. The
world-wide implementation of HFDL communications will reduce the burden
on voice communications between pilots and controllers by using the data
link for routine communications and freeing voice communications for
more critical communications.

RESOLUTION 207 (~~MOB-87~~ [Rev. WRC-2000]{.underline})

**Unauthorized use of frequencies in the bands allocated to the
maritime**

**mobile service and to the aeronautical mobile (R) service**

The World ~~Administrative~~ Radiocommunication Conference ~~for the
Mobile Services~~ ([Istanbul, 2000]{.underline}),

considering

[a) that provisions of the Radio Regulations prohibit the unauthorized
use of certain frequencies for other than safety related
communications;]{.underline}

[b) that enforcing compliance with these regulatory provisions is
becoming increasingly difficult with the availability of low-cost HF SSB
transceivers;]{.underline}

~~a~~[c]{.underline}) that monitoring observations of the use of
frequencies in the band 2 170-2 194 kHz and in the bands allocated
exclusively to the maritime mobile service between 4 063 kHz and 27 500
kHz and to the aeronautical mobile (R) service between 2 850 kHz and 22
000 kHz show that a number of frequencies in these bands are still being
used by stations of other services, some of which are operating in
contravention of No. **S23.2**;

[~~b~~d]{.underline}) that these stations are causing harmful
interference to the maritime mobile and aeronautical mobile (R)
services;

~~c~~[e]{.underline}) that [HF]{.underline} radio is the sole means of
communication in certain situations for the maritime mobile service and
that certain frequencies in the bands mentioned in *considering c)* are
reserved for distress and safety purposes;

[~~d~~f]{.underline}) that [HF]{.underline} radio is the sole means of
communication in certain situations for the aeronautical mobile (R)
service and that this is a safety service~~,~~[;]{.underline}

[g) that this Conference has reviewed the use of the HF bands by the
aeronautical mobile (R) and maritime mobile services with a view to
protecting the operational, distress and safety communications \[and has
adopted Resolution \[HF\] (WRC-2000) to study the future technical and
operational needs for the existing distress and safety frequencies and
possible solutions to provide for efficient and effective distress,
safety and other communications beyond the year 2000\],]{.underline}

considering in particular

~~e~~[h]{.underline}) that it is of paramount importance that the
distress and safety channels of the maritime mobile service be kept free
from harmful interference, since they are essential for the protection
of the safety of life and property;

~~f~~[i]{.underline}) that it is also of paramount importance that
channels directly concerned with the safe and regular conduct of
aircraft operations be kept free from harmful interference, since they
are essential for the safety of life and property,

resolves

to urge administrations

1 to ensure that stations of services other than the maritime mobile
service abstain from using frequencies in distress and safety channels
and their guard bands and in the bands allocated exclusively to that
service, except under the conditions expressly specified in Nos. **S4.4,
S5.128, S5.129, S5.137** and **S4.13** to **S4.15**; and to ensure that
stations of services other than the aeronautical mobile (R) service
refrain from using frequencies allocated to that service except under
the conditions expressly specified in Nos. **S4.4** and **S4.13**;

2 to make every effort to identify and locate the source of any
unauthorized emission capable of endangering human life or property and
the safe and regular conduct of aircraft operations, and to communicate
their findings to the Radiocommunication Bureau;

3 to participate in the monitoring programmes that the
Radiocommunication Bureau may organize pursuant to this Resolution;

4 to make every effort to ensure that such emissions are made in
appropriate bands allocated to services other than the maritime mobile
service or the aeronautical (R) mobile service;

5 to request their competent authorities to take, within their
respective jurisdiction, such legislative or regulatory measures which
they consider necessary or appropriate in order to prevent stations from
[unauthorized use of distress and safety channels or]{.underline}
operating in contravention of No. **S23.2**,

to invite the [Radiocommunication]{.underline} Bureau

[1 to study possible solutions, technical and regulatory, to assist in
mitigating HF interference;]{.underline}

~~1~~[2]{.underline} to continue to organize monitoring programmes, at
regular intervals, in the maritime distress and safety channels and
their guard bands and in the bands allocated exclusively to the maritime
mobile service between 4 063 kHz and 27 500 kHz and to the aeronautical
mobile (R) service between 2 850 kHz and 22 000 kHz, with a view to
[ensuring the timely distribution of monitoring data and]{.underline}
identifying the stations of other services operating on these channels
or in these bands;

~~2~~[3]{.underline} to seek the cooperation of administrations in
identifying the sources of those emissions by all available means and in
securing the cessation of those emissions;

~~3~~[4]{.underline} when the station of another service transmitting in
a band allocated to the maritime mobile service or to the aeronautical
mobile (R) service has been identified, to inform the administration
concerned,

to invite ITU-R and ITU-D

[1 to increase regional awareness of appropriate practices to help
mitigate interference in the HF bands, especially on distress and
emergency channels;]{.underline}

[2 to include the problem of interference to distress and emergency
channels on agenda of regional radiocommunication and development
seminars;]{.underline}

requests administrations

to take all necessary steps in such cases to ensure the cessation of any
transmissions contravening the provisions of the Radio Regulations on
the frequencies or in the bands referred to in this Resolution.

DRAFT RESOLUTION \[HF\] (WRC-2000)

**Technical and operational needs for distress and safety frequencies
allocated to**

the maritime mobile service and the aeronautical mobile (R) service

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Istanbul, 2000),

considering

a\) that the HF frequencies currently used by the aeronautical and
maritime mobile services for distress, safety and other communications,
including allotted operational frequencies, suffer from harmful
interference and are often subject to difficult propagation conditions;

b\) that WRC-97 considered some aspects of the use of the HF bands for
distress and safety communications in the context of the Global Maritime
Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), especially with regard to regulatory
measures;

c\) that existing regulatory measures prohibit the unauthorized use of
certain frequencies for other than safety related traffic;

d\) that enforcing compliance with these regulatory measures is becoming
increasingly difficult with the availability of low-cost HF SSB
transceivers;

e\) that unauthorized operations using maritime and aeronautical HF
frequencies are continuing to increase and are already a serious risk to
HF distress, safety and other communications;

f\) that this Conference revised Resolution **207** regarding the
unauthorized use of frequencies in the bands allocated to the maritime
mobile service and to the aeronautical mobile (R) service;

g\) that there is a need for a review of the frequency assignments and
provisions for HF distress, safety and aeronautical mobile (R) service
communications;

h)  that some administrations have resorted to the use of transmitting
    warning messages on operational HF channels as a means of deterring
    unauthorized users,

resolves to invite ITU-R

1 to study the future technical and operational needs for the existing
HF operational, distress and safety frequencies and possible solutions
to provide for efficient and effective operational, distress and safety
communications in the maritime mobile and aeronautical mobile (R)
services beyond the year 2000;

2 to report the results of the studies referred to in *resolves* 1 to
WRC-2003,

further resolves

1 to urge all administrations and concerned organizations, including IMO
and ICAO, to actively participate and contribute to the ITU-R studies;

2.  to urge administrations to take all practicable steps to comply with
    Resolution **207 (Rev.WRC-2000)**.

*instructs the Secretary-General*

to communicate this Resolution to the attention of the International
Maritime Organization and the International Civil Aviation Organization.

###### 

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.8

####### to consider regulatory and technical provisions to enable earth stations located on board vessels to operate in the fixed-satellite service (FSS) networks in the bands 3 700 ‑ 4 200 MHz and 5 925 ‑ 6 425 MHz, including their coordination with other services allocated in these bands;

######## Proposal for communications by earth stations on board vessels using frequencies allocated to the fixed-satellite service and used by existing space segment in the fixed-satellite service 

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[El Salvador\], \[Grenada\],
\[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Mexico\],
\[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\],
\[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\],
\[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, United States

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** This item concerns provision
of communications by earth stations on board vessels (ESVs) using
frequencies allocated to the fixed-satellite service and used by
existing space segment in the fixed-satellite service. These stations
operate in three distinct modes: at sea; while stationary in or near
port; and in motion approaching or departing from port.

Operations at sea (beyond a certain distance for near-shore
coordination) by ESVs in the fixed-satellite service do not present a
potential for interference to stations in the fixed service operating in
accordance with the 6 GHz FS allocation, and therefore need not be
coordinated. Operations while these earth stations are stationary at
pre-determined points can be coordinated bilaterally with fixed service
systems. Technical and regulatory issues concern the potential for
interference between in-motion operations by these ESVs operating close
to shore and stations in the fixed service both on and offshore.

The studies that have been conducted in ITU-R have illustrated that the
values for the minimum distance are principally affected by the
interference criteria required to protect the fixed service and the
number of passages per unit time by vessels equipped with earth
stations. Based on different values for these assumptions, the results
of these preliminary studies yielded a range of values for the minimum
distance from 100 km to 540 km. It should be noted that studies
submitted to the CPM by some administrations suggested values for the
minimum distance of 150 km to 370 km. However, there should be a single
minimum distance value.

Proposal(s):

3 700 - 4 200 MHz

+-----------------------+--------------------+-------------------------+
| Allocation to         |                    |                         |
| services              |                    |                         |
+-----------------------+--------------------+-------------------------+
| Region 1              | Region 2           | Region 3                |
+-----------------------+--------------------+-------------------------+
| 3700-4200             | 3700-4200          |                         |
|                       |                    |                         |
| FIXED                 | FIXED              |                         |
|                       |                    |                         |
| FIXED-SATELLITE       | FIXED-SATELLITE    |                         |
|                       | (space-to-Earth)   |                         |
| **ADD** S5.ESV        |                    |                         |
|                       | **ADD** S5.ESV     |                         |
| Mobile                |                    |                         |
|                       | MOBILE except      |                         |
|                       | aeronautical       |                         |
|                       | mobile             |                         |
+-----------------------+--------------------+-------------------------+

**Reasons:** To establish regulatory and technical provisions for
operations of earth stations on board vessels in the fixed-satellite
service.

5 925 - 6 425 MHz

+--------------------+--------------------+---------------------------+
| Allocation to      |                    |                           |
| services           |                    |                           |
+--------------------+--------------------+---------------------------+
| Region 1           | Region 2           | Region 3                  |
+--------------------+--------------------+---------------------------+
| 5925-6425 FIXED    |                    |                           |
|                    |                    |                           |
| > FIXED-SATELLITE  |                    |                           |
| > (Earth-to-space) |                    |                           |
| >                  |                    |                           |
| > **ADD** S5.ESV   |                    |                           |
| >                  |                    |                           |
| > MOBILE           |                    |                           |
| >                  |                    |                           |
| > S5.149 S5.440    |                    |                           |
| > S5.458           |                    |                           |
+--------------------+--------------------+---------------------------+

**Reasons:** To establish regulatory and technical provisions for
operations of earth stations on board vessels in the fixed-satellite
service

**S5.ESV** In the frequency bands 3 700-4 200 MHz and 5 925-6 425 MHz,
transponders on space stations in the fixed-satellite service may be
used, additionally, by earth stations on vessels. Such use is subject to
the provisions specified in the procedures of Resolution **ZZZ**.
**(WRC-2000).**

**Reasons:** To establish regulatory and technical provisions for
operations of earth stations on board vessels in the fixed-satellite
service.

**Resolution ZZZ (WRC-2000)**

**Provisions to enable earth stations located on board vessels to
operate in fixed-satellite service networks in the bands 3 700‑4 200 MHz
and 5 925-6 425 MHz**

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Istanbul, 2000),

considering

*a)* that there is a demand for global wideband satellite communication
services on vessels;

*b)* that the technology exists that would permit the use of
fixed-satellite services (FSS) networks by earth stations on board
vessels (ESVs) operating in the 3 700‑4 200 and 5 925‑6 425 MHz bands;

*c)* that ESVs have the potential to cause unacceptable interference to
the fixed service (FS) systems in the band 5 925-6 425 MHz;

*d)* that FS systems have the potential to cause interference to ESVs in
the 3 700-4 200 MHz band;

*e)* that ESVs operating in these bands require considerably less than
the full bandwidth in this FSS allocation and only a portion of the
visible geostationary arc;

*f)* that there are a limited number of geostationary FSS systems that
have global coverage;

*g)* that in order to ensure the protection and future growth of the FS,
the ESV must operate with certain technical and operational constraints;

*h)* that administrations may authorize radiocommunication stations on
off-shore structures and platforms for which they are responsible:

*i)* that based on appropriate assumptions a minimum distance can be
calculated beyond which the ESV will not have the potential to cause
unacceptable interference to the fixed service in this band,

noting

*a)* that operation within the territorial sea is at the discretion of
the administration with territorial authority, in which case the
relevant procedures of that administration will apply;

*b)* that operation of earth stations on vessels from specified fixed
points at locations outside the territorial sea but for which an
administration has territorial jurisdiction is fully within the FSS,

resolves

1 that the administration that issues the radio licence for the use of
ESVs in these bands (licensing administration) shall ensure that such
stations do not cause unacceptable interference to stations in the fixed
service;

2 that licensing administrations shall ensure that ESVs are capable of
operating in compliance with the requirements of this Resolution;

3 that operators of ESVs shall comply with the conditions established by
the licensing administration(s);

4 that ESVs shall not claim protection from fixed service station
transmissions;

5 that any transmissions from ESVs within a distance X km off any given
coast shall be based upon the prior agreement of that coastal
administration;

6 that the ESV system shall include means of identification and
automatic mechanisms to terminate transmissions whenever the station
operates outside its pre-authorized geographic (see *resolves* 5) or
operational limits;

7 that ESVs shall be equipped so as to enable the licensing
administration under the provisions of Article **S18** to verify earth
station performance and to accomplish the switch off of the ESV
transmission immediately upon request by an administration whose
services may be affected;

8 that when ESVs operating beyond the territorial sea but within X km of
the coast of an administration fail to comply with the terms required by
that administration pursuant to *resolves* 3 and 5, then that
administration may:

-- request the ESV to comply with such terms or cease operation
immediately; or

-- request the licensing administration to require such compliance or
immediate cessation of the operation;

9 that any licensing authority that licenses ESVs shall agree to
maintain at all times a point of contact, which shall be published in a
circular of the ITU, that may be contacted by an affected administration
seeking assistance pursuant to *resolves* 3 and 5 above.

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.9

####### to take into account the results of ITU-R studies in evaluating the feasibility of an allocation in the space-to-Earth direction to the mobile-satellite service in a portion of the 1 559 - 1 567 MHz frequency range, in response to Resolutions 213 and 220 (WRC-97)

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[El Salvador\], \[Grenada\],
\[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\],
\[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\],
\[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\]

Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, United States

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** Proposals were made to WRC-97
to reallocate portions of the 1 559 -1 610 MHz band which, with the
exception of a fixed service allocation in some countries, currently is
exclusively allocated to the radionavigation satellite service and
aeronautical radionavigation service worldwide. Other proposals were
made not to change the existing allocations in these bands. In
Resolution **220** **(WRC-97)**, the ITU-R was requested to study, as a
matter of urgency, the technical criteria and operational and safety
requirements to determine if sharing between the aeronautical
radionavigation and radionavigation-satellite services, operating or
planned to be operate, in the band 1 559-1 610 MHz, and the
mobile-satellite service in a portion of the 1 559-1 567 MHz frequency
range, is feasible, taking into account the essential need to protect
systems operating in the aeronautical radionavigation and
radionavigation-satellite services in the band 1 559-1 610 MHz.

There are millions of RNSS receivers in use today for a wide range of
applications, including safety-of-life-critical navigation on land, at
sea, and in the air. Today, most of these receivers operate with the
Global Positioning System (GPS), an important element of the Global
Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) that operates in the 1 559 - 1
610 MHz band.

GPS provides position and time information to users by means of one-way
transmissions using RNSS (space-to-Earth) allocations. GPS is
information technology that uses systems of hardware and software, as
well as information (time and ephemeris) transmitted from satellites to
provide derived information to the user.

GLONASS and GPS are established elements of the International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO) GNSS, operating in the band 1 559 - 1
610 MHz. These systems are accepted by the ICAO Council for use in
international civil aviation. ICAO is currently developing Standards and
Recommended Practices for international application in civil aviation.
The GNSS will be used during all phases of flight, including precision
approaches and landing, and under all weather conditions. The latter
places extensive requirements on the performance characteristics of the
system. The aeronautical use of RNSS is recognized in the Radio
Regulations as a safety-of-life application. GPS is the sole basis for
the formation of International Atomic Time and Coordinated Universal
Time (UTC) by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. GPS is
also the primary means by which clocks are synchronized within
telecommunications networks for Time Division Multiple Access
transmissions. Time and frequency functions are or will be available on
other RNSS systems.

As Resolution **220 (WRC-97)** recognizes RNSS and ARNS systems are
evolutionary and other types of GNSS are under development for operation
in the band 1 559 - 1 610 MHz. There are both aeronautical and
non-aeronautical safety-of-life services in the 1 559 - 1 610 MHz band,
and it is well established that there is an essential need to protect
systems operating in the ARNS and RNSS.

The core signal structures of the MSS and the RNSS and ARNS are
fundamentally different: MSS uses a two-way signal while ARNS and RNSS
transmits a weak, receive-only signal. Having systems from a
radiocommunication service operate on a co-primary, co-frequency basis
in the 1 559 - 1 610 MHz band would limit ARNS and RNSS operators\'
flexibility to adjust their spectrum usage, and would hamper efforts to
develop a GNSS that is capable of meeting evolving international needs
and of providing adequate protection for international civil use
worldwide.

Studies undertaken in the ITU addressed current aeronautical
radionavigation and radionavigation-satellite service systems, as well
as future radionavigation services planned for this band.

These studies reached the following conclusions:

-   MSS (space-to-Earth) and ARNS/RNSS are fundamentally incompatible in
    any portion of the 1 559-1 567 MHz band. Not only do MSS signals
    disrupt ARNS/RNSS, but GNSS pseudolites disrupt MSS signals.

-   The -112 dB(W/m^2^/MHz) power flux-density level at the Earth's
    surface that is mentioned in Resolution 220 clearly would not
    protect existing RNSS systems (such as GPS) from harmful
    interference.

-   The RNSS is extensively used, and is continuing to undergo a
    tremendous expansion which drives further evolution. These factors,
    along with the many critical timing, positioning, and navigation
    uses of RNSS sharing of the 1 559-1 610 MHz band, weigh conclusively
    against sharing any portion of the band segment at 1 559-1 567 MHz
    with any co-frequency communication service.

-   The use of pseudolites in the ARNS/RNSS bands at 1 559-1 567 MHz is
    in its early stages, but is expected to increase in terms of
    numbers, geographic scope, and complete utilization of the frequency
    band in the near future. This use is incompatible with co-frequency
    MSS (space-to-Earth).

    **Proposal(s)**:

    CITEL Administrations propose that no allocation be made to the
    Mobile Satellite Service (space-to-Earth) in any portion of the
    1559 - 1567 MHz band under agenda item 1.9.

    **Reasons:** The current allocation, 1 559 - 1 610 MHz, is required
    for radionavigation services, including critical aeronautical safety
    applications, on a worldwide basis. Based on studies conducted in
    the ITU-R pursuant to Resolution **220**, sharing in this band with
    communications services such as the mobile-satellite service
    (space-to-Earth) is not possible.

    **~~RESOLUTION 220 (WRC-97)~~**

    ~~Studies to consider the feasibility of use of a portion of the
    band 1559-1610~~ MHz by the ~~mobile-satellite service
    (space-to-Earth)~~

    **Reasons:** Studies performed by the ITU-R show that co-frequency
    sharing between the mobile-satellite service and the
    radionavigation-satellite and aeronautical radionavigation services
    within the band 1559 - 1567 MHz is not feasible. The ITU-R studies
    satisfy the requirement of Resolution **220 (WRC‑97)**. As a result,
    Resolution **220** should be suppressed.

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.11 {#wrc-2000-agenda-item-1.11 .unnumbered}

####### to consider constraints on existing allocations and to consider additional allocations on a worldwide basis for the non-geostationary (non‑GSO) MSS below 1 GHz, taking into account the results of ITU‑R studies conducted in response to Resolutions 214 (Rev.WRC‑97) and 219 (WRC‑97) {#to-consider-constraints-on-existing-allocations-and-to-consider-additional-allocations-on-a-worldwide-basis-for-the-non-geostationary-nongso-mss-below-1-ghz-taking-into-account-the-results-of-itur-studies-conducted-in-response-to-resolutions-214-rev.wrc97-and-219-wrc97 .unnumbered}

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Canada\], \[Chile\], \[Costa
Rica\], \[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Ecuador\] \[El
Salvador\], \[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\],
\[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Mexico\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\],
\[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and
Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

Colombia, United States

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** A number of studies have been
carried out since MSS allocations for non-GSO satellite systems were
first agreed at WARC-92. These have led to ITU-R Recommendations which
indicate the sharing techniques which are being used by those systems to
share with each other and other co-primary services.

The table below (Non-GSO MSS Sharing Summary) from Recommendation
ITU-RM.\[YA\] "Methods for achieving coordinated use of multiple non-GSO
MSS systems below 1 GHz and sharing with other services in existing MSS
allocations" summarizes the techniques and Recommendations applied to
existing MSS allocations. Many of these techniques are being employed in
practice successfully.

**Non-GSO MSS Sharing Summary**

+----------------+------------------------+---------------------------+
|                | **Narrow-band**        | **Wideband**              |
+----------------+------------------------+---------------------------+
| Fixed and      | Combination:           | Combination:              |
| mobile         |                        |                           |
|                | -   Dynamic channel    | -   Low output power      |
| (148-149.9     |     avoidance (Rec.    |     density               |
| MHz)           |     ITU-R M.1039)      |                           |
|                |                        | -   Brief message         |
| (455-456 MHz   | -   Low duty cycle     |     duration              |
|                |                        |                           |
| and (459-460   | -   Brief message      | -   Low data rate         |
| MHz            |     duration           |                           |
|                |                        | -   Filtering at          |
| in Region 2)   | -   (Rec.ITU-R M.      |     satellite             |
|                |     1185)              |                           |
| (454-455 MHz   |                        | -   Geographical          |
| by footnotes)  |                        |     separation            |
+----------------+------------------------+---------------------------+
| Fixes and      | Ground level pfd per   | Ground level pfd per RR   |
| mobile         | RR S5.208              | S5.208                    |
|                |                        |                           |
| (137-138 MHz)  |                        |                           |
|                |                        |                           |
| (400.15-401    |                        |                           |
| MHz)           |                        |                           |
+----------------+------------------------+---------------------------+
| Meteorological | Assig nment separation | Combination:              |
| satellites     |                        |                           |
|                |                        | -   Low pfd at ground     |
| (137-138 MHz)  |                        |     level                 |
|                |                        |                           |
| (400.15-401    |                        | -   Cross polarization    |
| MHz)           |                        |     discrimination        |
|                |                        |                           |
|                |                        | -   Adaptive filter at    |
|                |                        |     satellite             |
+----------------+------------------------+---------------------------+
| Space          | Channel avoidance      | Combination:              |
| operations     |                        |                           |
|                |                        | -   Low pfd               |
| Space research |                        |                           |
|                |                        | -   Cross polarization    |
| (137-138 MHz)  |                        |     discrimination        |
+----------------+------------------------+---------------------------+
| Space research | Channel avoidance      | Combination:              |
|                |                        |                           |
| (400.15-401    |                        | -   Low pfd               |
| MHz)           |                        |                           |
|                |                        | -   Cross polarization    |
|                |                        |     discrimination        |
+----------------+------------------------+---------------------------+
| Meteorological | Channel avoidance      | Combination:              |
| aids           |                        |                           |
|                |                        | -   Low pfd               |
| (400.15-401    |                        |                           |
| MHz)           |                        | -   Cross polarization    |
|                |                        |     discrimination        |
+----------------+------------------------+---------------------------+

The constraints on existing allocations are reflected in the footnotes
to the allocations, and in the Annex 1 to Appendix **S5**. These have
evolved to their present form since WARC-92, and now reflect a balance
with regard to sharing criteria among the primary services concerned.

These constraints have served to provide a basis for implementing
non-GSO MSS systems in these bands and at the same time provide
protection to other space and terrestrial services. Therefore in respect
to the constraints of the MSS in existing allocations below 1 GHz, no
further modifications are needed.

**Proposal(s):**

**S9.11A** *e)* for a station for which the requirement to coordinate is
included in a footnote of the Table of Frequency Allocations referring
to this provision:

**Reasons:** No modifications are required to the Tables of Criteria
applicable to MSS allocations for the non-GSO systems below 1 GHz as
found in No  **S9.11A**, or to the footnotes containing constraints
which apply to the pertinent allocations.

**APPENDIX S5**

**ANNEX 1**

1.  Coordination thresholds for sharing between MSS (space-to-Earth) and
    terrestrial services in the same. frequency bands and between
    non-GSO MSS feeder links (space-to-Earth) and terrestrial services
    in the same frequency bands.

1.1 Below 1 GHz

1.1.1 In the bands 137-138 MHz and 400.15-401 MHz, coordination of a
space station of the MSS (space-to-Earth) with respect to terrestrial
services (except aeronautical mobile (OR) service networks operated by
the administrations listed in Nos. **S5.204** and **S5.206** as of
1 November 1996) is required only if the pfd produced by this space
station exceeds - 125 dB (W/m2/4 kHz) at the Earth's surface.

**Reasons:** No modifications are required to the Tables of Criteria
applicable to MSS allocations for the non-GSO systems below 1 GHz as
found in No. **S9.11A**, or to the footnotes containing constraints
which apply to the pertinent allocations.

2.  In the band 137-138 MHz, coordination of a space station of the MSS
    (space-to-Earth) with respect to the aeronautical mobile (OR)
    service is required only if the pfd produced by this space station
    at the Earth's surface exceeds:

> -- 125 dB (W/m2/4 kHz) for networks for which complete Appendix **3**
> coordination informa­tion has been received by the Bureau prior to
> 1 November 1996;
>
> -- 140 dB (W/m2/4 kHz) for networks for which complete
> Appendix **S4**/**3** coordination information has been received by
> the Bureau after 1 November 1996 for the administrations referred to
> in § 1.1.1 above.

**Reasons:** No modifications are required to the Tables of Criteria
applicable to MSS allocations for the non-GSO systems below 1 GHz as
found in No. **S9.11A**, or to the footnotes containing constraints
which apply to the pertinent allocations.

2.  In the band 137-138 MHz, coordination is also required for a space
    station on a replacement satellite of a MSS network for which
    complete Appendix **3** coordination information has been received
    by the Bureau prior to 1 November 1996 and the pfd exceeds
    - 125 dB(W/m2/4 kHz) at the Earth's surface for the administrations
    referred to in § 1.1.1 above.

**Reasons:** No modifications are required to the Tables of Criteria
applicable to MSS allocations for the non-GSO systems below 1 GHz as
found in No. **S9.11A**, or to the footnotes containing constraints
which apply to the pertinent allocations.

**3.2 General considerations**

**TABLE 1**

# Earth stations operating at frequencies below 1 GHz

# 

**Reasons:** No modifications are required to the Tables of criteria
applicable to MSS allocations for use by Non-GSO systems below 1 GHz, as
found in No. **S9.11A**, or to the footnotes containing constraints
which apply to the pertinent allocations.

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.12

####### to consider progress of studies on sharing between feederlinks of non-geostationary satellite networks in the mobile satellite service and geostationary-satellite networks in the fixed satellite service in the bands 19.3-19.7 GHz and 29.1-29.5 GHz, taking into account Resolution 121 (Rev.WRC-97)

######## Proposal for the modification of S5.541A and the suppression of Resolution 121

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[El Salvador\], \[Grenada\],
\[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\],
\[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\],
\[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\],
\[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

**Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, United States**

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** Resolution **121** requests
that the ITU-R conduct a study of sharing possibilities between GSO FSS
and NGSO MSS feederlinks in the bands. In response ITU-R WP-4A of Study
Group 4 has agreed a Draft New Recommendation, "Mitigation Techniques to
Facilitate Coordination in the 20/30 GHz NGSO MSS Feederlinks".

The Recommendation includes the topics of Adaptive Power Control, High
Gain Antennas, Geographic Isolation, Site Diversity and Link Balancing.

This Recommendation is considered to have covered the requirements of
Resolution **121 (Rev. WRC‑97)** and thus satisfies the agenda.

**Proposal(s):**

**S5.541A** Feeder links of non-geostationary networks in the
mobile-satellite service and geostationary networks in the
fixed-satellite service operating in the band 29.1-29.5 GHz
(Earth-to-space) shall employ uplink adaptive power control or other
methods of fade compensation, such that the earth station transmissions
shall be conducted at the power level required to meet the desired link
performance while reducing the level of mutual interference between both
networks. These methods shall apply to networks for which Appendix
**S4** coordination information is considered as having been received by
the Bureau after 17 May 1996 and until they are changed by a future
competent world radiocommunication conference. Administrations
submitting Appendix **S4** information for coordination before this date
are encouraged to utilize these techniques to the extent practicable.
~~These methods are also subject to review by ITU-R (see Resolution
**121 (Rev.WRC‑97)**).~~

**Reasons**: The objective of Resolution **121** has been addressed
through the development of a Draft New Recommendation in Study Group 4
of the ITU-R.

~~RESOLUTION 121 (Rev.WRC-97)~~

**~~Continued development of interference criteria and methodologies for
fixed-satellite service coordination between feeder links of
non-geostationary satellite networks in the mobile-satellite service and
geostationary-satellite networks in the fixed-satellite service in the
bands 19.3-19.7 GHz\
and 29.1-29.5 GHz~~**

**Reasons:** The objectives of Resolution **121** have been met.

######  {#section-21 .unnumbered}

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.13

####### on the basis of the results of the studies in accordance with Resolutions 130 (WRC-97), 131 (WRC-97) and 538 (WRC-97):

1.13.1 to review and, if appropriate, revise the power limits appearing
in Articles S21 and S22 in relation to the sharing conditions among
non-GSO FSS, GSO FSS, GSO broadcasting-satellite service (BSS), space
sciences and terrestrial services, to ensure the feasibility of these
power limits and that these limits do not impose undue constraints on
the development of these systems and services;

1.13.2 to consider the inclusion in other frequency bands of similar
limits in Articles S21 and S22, or other regulatory approaches to be
applied in relation to sharing situations;

#### INTRODUCTION

This document contains several categories of draft CITEL Common
Proposals on Agenda item 1.13:

-   Proposals that are fully agreed and eligible for transmission to the
    ITU as CITEL common proposals (See proposals ../1.13/ 80-89 on
    protection of very large earth stations, ../1.13/90-95 on protection
    of terrestrial services from NGSO FSS, and ../1.13/96 on agenda item
    1.13.2),

-   Proposals that are agreed but are part of a proposal package that is
    not yet complete. It is intended that the proposals contained in
    this category will be supplemented with proposals to be developed at
    the XV Meeting of PCC.III, and that the complete package would be
    assembled and transmitted to the ITU upon conclusion of the XV
    meeting. As a result, these proposals should be treated as having
    been agreed by the Member States so indicated, but also as not yet
    final (See proposals ../1.13/55-78 on Section II of Article S22),

-   A proposal that is substantially agreed but which has limited
    numbers of square bracketed items which are an indication to CITEL
    administrations that further review is needed. A correspondence
    group has been established to address these items in the interim but
    the proposal is not expected to be finalized until the XV meeting
    (See proposal ../1.13/79 on aggregate interference levels).

###### Proposal for Agenda Item 1.13.1

####### to review and, if appropriate, revise the power limits appearing in Articles S21 and S22 in relation to the sharing conditions among non-GSO FSS, GSO FSS, GSO broadcasting-satellite service (BSS), space sciences and terrestrial services, to ensure the feasibility of these power limits and that these limits do not impose undue constraints on the development of these systems and services;

######## Modifications to Section II of Article S22

######## in relation to the sharing conditions among non-GSO FSS, FSS and GSO BSS services

**[Background Information:]{.underline}** Resolution **130**
**(WRC-97)** and Resolution **538 (WRC-97)** each requested the ITU-R to
conduct (a) "appropriate technical, operational and regulatory studies"
to review the regulatory conditions relating to the coexistence of
non-GSO FSS and GSO FSS and GSO BSS systems, in order to ensure that
undue constraints are not placed on the development of non-GSO FSS, GSO
FSS and GSO BSS systems, and (b) the development of a methodology for
calculating the power levels produced by non-GSO FSS systems and the
compliance of these levels with the applicable limits established
pursuant to Resolutions **130** and **538**. Joint Task Group 4-9-11 was
established by the ITU-R to pursue these mandates and to determine the
necessary technical bases.

At CPM-99-2, a compromise was reached on a number of the key technical
criteria that would provide adequate protection to GSO FSS and GSO BSS
systems without unduly constraining non-GSO FSS systems. Many of the
elements of this compromise are reflected in Chapter 3 of the CPM
Report, and are reproduced in the following proposals. The CPM report
recognizes, however, that there are other essential elements of the
compromise package which have yet to be developed. CITEL should consider
advancing proposals for these essential elements of the protection of
GSO FSS and GSO BSS systems at its next meeting and its proposals should
not be viewed as complete until such time as these additional proposals
are included.

Taking into account the work of the ITU-R and CPM-99 on this matter, the
following is proposed:

**Proposal(s):**

ARTICLE S22

Space services[^1]

Section II -- Control of interference to geostationary-satellite systems

S22.2\
to\
S22.5A

S22.5B

Existing texts from **S22.5C** to **S22.5G**, including **S22.5C.1** and
**S22.5D.1,** are proposed to be modified and renumbered as described in
the proposed provisions below.

+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| ../1.13/57 | § 5 1) The equivalent power flux-density[^2],           |
|            | EPFD~down~ at any point on the Earth\'s surface visible |
| MOD S22.5B | from the geostationary-satellite orbit, produced by     |
|            | emissions from all the space stations of a              |
|            | non-geostationary-satellite system in the               |
|            | fixed-satellite service in the frequency bands listed   |
|            | in Tables **S22‑1A** to **S22-1D**, including emissions |
|            | from a reflecting satellite, for all conditions and for |
|            | all methods of modulation, shall not exceed the limits  |
|            | given in Tables **S22-1A** to **S22-1D** for the given  |
|            | percentages of time. These limits relate to the         |
|            | equivalent power flux-density which would be obtained   |
|            | under free-space propagation conditions, into a         |
|            | reference antenna and in the reference bandwidth        |
|            | specified in Tables **S22-1A** to **S22-1D**, for all   |
|            | pointing directions towards the geostationary-satellite |
|            | orbit.                                                  |
+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

  ------------------------ --------- ------------ ------------ ------------
                                                               

                                                               

                                                               

                                                               

                                                               

                                                               
  ------------------------ --------- ------------ ------------ ------------

TABLE **S22-1A^1,\ 3^**

Limits to the EPFD~down~ radiated by non‑GSO FSS systems in certain
frequency bands

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 19%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 18%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 22%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 22%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td>Frequency band<br />
(GHz)</td>
<td colspan="2">EPFD<sub>down</sub> dB(W/m<sup>2</sup>)</td>
<td colspan="2">Percentage<br />
of time during which EPFD<sub>down</sub> level may not be exceeded</td>
<td colspan="2">Reference<br />
bandwidth<br />
(kHz)</td>
<td colspan="3">Reference antenna<br />
diameter, and reference<br />
radiation pattern<sup>2</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>–175.4</p>
<p>–174.0</p>
<p>–170.8</p>
<p>–165.3</p>
<p>–160.4</p>
<p>–160.0</p>
<p>–160.0</p></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>0</p>
<p>90</p>
<p>99</p>
<p>99.73</p>
<p>99.991</p>
<p>99.997</p>
<p>100</p></td>
<td colspan="2">40</td>
<td colspan="3">60 cm Recommendation S. [4/57]</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>10.7-11.7 in all Regions;<br />
11.7-12.2<br />
in Region 2;<br />
12.2-12.5<br />
in Region 3 and<br />
12.5-12.75<br />
in Regions 1<br />
and 3</td>
<td colspan="2"><p>–181.9</p>
<p>–178.4</p>
<p>–173.4</p>
<p>–173.0</p>
<p>–164.0</p>
<p>–161.6</p>
<p>–161.4</p>
<p>–160.8</p>
<p>–160.5</p>
<p>–160.0</p>
<p>–160.0</p></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>0</p>
<p>99.5</p>
<p>99.74</p>
<p>99.857</p>
<p>99.954</p>
<p>99.984</p>
<p>99.991</p>
<p>99.997</p>
<p>99.997</p>
<p>99.9993</p>
<p>100</p></td>
<td colspan="2">40</td>
<td colspan="3">1.2 m Recommendation<br />
S. [4/57]</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>–190.45</p>
<p>–189.45</p>
<p>–187.45</p>
<p>–182.4</p>
<p>–182</p>
<p>–168</p>
<p>–164</p>
<p>–162</p>
<p>–160</p>
<p>–160</p></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>0.00</p>
<p>90.00</p>
<p>99.50</p>
<p>99.70</p>
<p>99.855</p>
<p>99.971</p>
<p>99.988</p>
<p>99.995</p>
<p>99.999</p>
<p>100000</p></td>
<td colspan="2">40</td>
<td colspan="3">3 m Recommendation<br />
S.[4/57]</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>–195.45</p>
<p>–195.45</p>
<p>–190.00</p>
<p>–190</p>
<p>–172.5</p>
<p>–160</p>
<p>–160</p></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>0.00</p>
<p>99.00</p>
<p>99.65</p>
<p>99.71</p>
<p>99.99</p>
<p>99.998</p>
<p>100.000</p></td>
<td colspan="2">40</td>
<td>10 m Recommendation S.[4/57]</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

For certain receive earth stations, see also ADD **S9.7A** and ADD
**S9.7B**.

^2^ Under this Section, reference patterns are to be used only for the
calculation of interference from non‑GSO FSS systems into GSO FSS
systems.

3.  In addition to the limits shown in Table **S22-1A**, the following
    single-entry EPFD~down~ limits apply to all antenna sizes greater
    than 60cm in the frequency bands listed in Table **S22-1A**.

  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------
  **100% of the time EPFD~down\            **Latitude (North or South)\
  ~dB(W/(m^2^·40 kHz))**                   (°)**

  -160                                     0 \< \|Latitude\| 57.5

  -160 + 3.4(57.5 - \|Latitude\|)/4        57.5 \< \|Latitude\| 63.75

  -165.3                                   63.75 \|Latitude\|
  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------

Reasons: The limits proposed above for the 60 cm and 1.2 m antennas were
agreed within the ITU-R. The limits proposed for the 3 m and 10 m
antennas represent a compromise agreed upon at the CPM-99 meeting. The
compromise package agreed upon consists of the following:

i\) "validation" EPFD~down~ masks for reference GSO FSS earth station
antenna diameters of 60 cm, 1.2m, 3 m, and 10 m;

ii\) "operational" EPFD~down~ limits for all antenna diameters between 3
m and 18 m;

iii\) "additional operational" EPFD~down~ limits for antenna diameters
of 3 m and 10 m; and

iv\) "validation" EPFD~down~ limits for antenna diameters exceeding 60
cm located at high latitudes.

CPM-99 agreed that "validation" masks, in conjunction with "operational"
and "additional operational" limits, as appropriate, would adequately
protect GSO FSS systems using 60 cm, 1.2 m, 3 m and 10 m antennas. Table
S22-1A above contains the limits referred to in items i) and iv) of the
compromise package.

The compromise package includes the following elements which have yet to
be developed.

With regard to the operational EPFD~down~ limits in ii), there is a need
for regulatory procedures to implement operational limits which:
identifies non-GSO systems exceeding the operational limits; and ensures
immediate reduction of the interference level to the operational limits
by any non-GSO system exceeding those limits. There is a need for a
resolution calling for the ITU-R to develop, as a matter of urgency,
Recommendations to permit administrations to check compliance with the
operational limits.

With regard to the additional operational EPFD~down~ limits in iii), an
administration proposing a non-GSO FSS system would have to commit that
the proposed system will meet these additional operational limits. A
possible mechanism would be the inclusion of a requirement in Appendix
**S4**.

In order to implement the additional operational limits, there is a need
for procedures to be developed for the same purpose as identified for
the operational limits. In particular, a WRC-2000 Resolution calling for
ITU-R studies, as a matter of urgency, is required to develop
methodologies:

-   to determine the time distribution of the actual EPFD levels
    radiated by a non-GSO FSS system into a 3 to 10 metre GSO FSS
    antenna;

-   to assess interference levels for intermediate antenna sizes;

-   to permit administrations to check compliance with the additional
    operational limits.

TABLE **S22-1B**^1^

Limits to the EPFD~down~ radiated by non‑GSO FSS systems in certain
frequency bands

+----------+---------+---------------------+----------+--------------+
| F        | EPFD    | Percentage of time  | R        | Reference    |
| requency | ~down~\ | during which        | eference | antenna      |
| band     | dB(     | EPFD~down~ may not  | b        | diameter,    |
| (GHz)    | W/m^2^) | be exceeded         | andwidth | and          |
|          |         |                     | (kHz)    | reference    |
|          |         |                     |          | pattern^2^   |
+----------+---------+---------------------+----------+--------------+
| 1        | --175.4 | 0                   | 40       | 1 m          |
| 7.8-18.6 |         |                     |          | Re           |
|          | -       | 90\                 |          | commendation |
|          | -175.4\ | 99                  |          | S.\[4/57\]   |
|          | --172.5 |                     |          |              |
|          |         | 99.714\             |          |              |
|          | --167   | 99.971              |          |              |
|          |         |                     |          |              |
|          | --164   | 100                 |          |              |
|          |         |                     |          |              |
|          | --164   |                     |          |              |
+----------+---------+---------------------+----------+--------------+
|          | --161.4 | 0                   | 1000     |              |
|          |         |                     |          |              |
|          | --161.4 | 90\                 |          |              |
|          |         | 99\                 |          |              |
|          | --158.5 | 99.714\             |          |              |
|          |         | 99.971              |          |              |
|          | --153   |                     |          |              |
|          |         | 100                 |          |              |
|          | --150\  |                     |          |              |
|          | --150   |                     |          |              |
+----------+---------+---------------------+----------+--------------+
| 1        | --178.4 | 0                   | 40       | 2 m          |
| 7.8-18.6 |         |                     |          | Re           |
|          | --178.4 | 99.4                |          | commendation |
|          |         |                     |          | S.\[4/57\]   |
|          | -       | 99.9                |          |              |
|          | -171.4\ |                     |          |              |
|          | --170.5 | 99.913              |          |              |
|          |         |                     |          |              |
|          | --166   | 99.971\             |          |              |
|          |         | 99.977              |          |              |
|          | --164\  |                     |          |              |
|          | --164   | 100                 |          |              |
+----------+---------+---------------------+----------+--------------+
|          | --164.4 | 0                   | 1 000    |              |
|          |         |                     |          |              |
|          | -       | 99.4\               |          |              |
|          | -164.4\ | 99.9                |          |              |
|          | --157.4 |                     |          |              |
|          |         | 99.913              |          |              |
|          | -       |                     |          |              |
|          | -156.5\ | 99.971\             |          |              |
|          | --152   | 99.977\             |          |              |
|          |         | 100                 |          |              |
|          | --150\  |                     |          |              |
|          | --150   |                     |          |              |
+----------+---------+---------------------+----------+--------------+
| 1        | --185.4 | 0                   | 40       | 5 m          |
| 7.8-18.6 |         |                     |          | Re           |
|          | -       | 99.8\               |          | commendation |
|          | -185.4\ | 99.8\               |          | S.\[4/57\]   |
|          | --180   | 99.943\             |          |              |
|          |         | 99.943              |          |              |
|          | --180\  |                     |          |              |
|          | --172\  | 99.998              |          |              |
|          | --164\  |                     |          |              |
|          | --164   | 100                 |          |              |
+----------+---------+---------------------+----------+--------------+
|          | --171.4 | 0                   | 1 000    |              |
|          |         |                     |          |              |
|          | -       | 99.8                |          |              |
|          | -171.4\ |                     |          |              |
|          | --166   | 99.8\               |          |              |
|          |         | 99.943\             |          |              |
|          | --166   | 99.943              |          |              |
|          |         |                     |          |              |
|          | --158   | 99.998              |          |              |
|          |         |                     |          |              |
|          | --150\  | 100                 |          |              |
|          | --150   |                     |          |              |
+----------+---------+---------------------+----------+--------------+

For certain receive earth stations see also ADD **S9.7A** and ADD
**S9.7B**.

> ^2^ Under this Section, reference patterns are to be used only for the
> calculation of interference from non‑GSO FSS systems into GSO FSS
> systems.

**Reasons:** The EPFD~down~ limits proposed above for the 17.8-18.6 GHz
band were agreed within the ITU-R. CPM-99 agreed that the EPFD~down~
validation limits proposed above in conjunction with the operational
limits contained in Table **S22-4B** would adequately protect GSO FSS
operations. Specification of the EPFD~down~ limits in both a 40 kHz and
a 1 MHz reference bandwidth is needed to ensure protection of GSO FSS
operations from varying types of non-GSO FSS emissions.

The compromise package includes the following elements which have yet to
be developed.

With regard to the operational EPFD~down~ limits in ii), there is a need
for regulatory procedures to implement operational limits which:
identifies non-GSO systems exceeding the operational limits; and ensures
immediate reduction of the interference level to the operational limits
by any non-GSO system exceeding those limits. There is a need for a
resolution calling for the ITU-R to develop, as a matter of urgency,
Recommendations to permit administrations to check compliance with the
operational limits.

TABLE **S22-1C**^1^

Limits to the EPFD~down~ radiated by non-GSO FSS systems in certain
frequency bands

+-----------+----------+----------------------+-----------+-----------+
| Frequency | EPF      | Percentage of time   | Reference | Reference |
| band      | D~down~\ | during which         | bandwidth | antenna   |
| (GHz)     | dB       | EPFD~down~ may not   | (kHz)     | diameter, |
|           | (W/m^2^) | be exceeded          |           | and       |
|           |          |                      |           | reference |
|           |          |                      |           | p         |
|           |          |                      |           | attern^2^ |
+-----------+----------+----------------------+-----------+-----------+
| 19.7-20.2 | --187.4  | 0                    | 40        | 70 cm     |
|           |          |                      |           | Recom     |
|           | --182\   | 71.429\              |           | mendation |
|           | --172    | 97.143\              |           | S.        |
|           |          | 99.983               |           | \[4/57\]  |
|           | --154    |                      |           |           |
|           |          | 100                  |           |           |
|           | --154    |                      |           |           |
+-----------+----------+----------------------+-----------+-----------+
|           | --173.4  | 0                    | 1 000     |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --168    | 71.429\              |           |           |
|           |          | 97.143\              |           |           |
|           | --158\   | 99.983               |           |           |
|           | --140\   |                      |           |           |
|           | --140    | 100                  |           |           |
+-----------+----------+----------------------+-----------+-----------+
| 19.7-20.2 | --190.4  | 0                    | 40        | 90 cm     |
|           |          |                      |           | Recom     |
|           | --181.4  | 91\                  |           | mendation |
|           |          | 99.8                 |           | S         |
|           | --170.4  |                      |           | .\[4/57\] |
|           |          | 99.8\                |           |           |
|           | --168.6\ | 99.943               |           |           |
|           | --165\   |                      |           |           |
|           | --160\   | 99.943\              |           |           |
|           | --154    | 99.997               |           |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --154    | 100                  |           |           |
+-----------+----------+----------------------+-----------+-----------+
|           | --176.4  | 0                    | 1 000     |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --167.4  | 91\                  |           |           |
|           |          | 99.8\                |           |           |
|           | --156.4\ | 99.8\                |           |           |
|           | --154.6  | 99.943\              |           |           |
|           |          | 99.943\              |           |           |
|           | --151    | 99.997               |           |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --146    | 100                  |           |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --140\   |                      |           |           |
|           | --140    |                      |           |           |
+-----------+----------+----------------------+-----------+-----------+
| 19.7-20.2 | --196.4  | 0                    | 40        | 2.5 m     |
|           |          |                      |           | Recom     |
|           | --162    | 99.98\               |           | mendation |
|           |          | 99.99943\            |           | S         |
|           | --154\   | 100                  |           | .\[4/57\] |
|           | --154    |                      |           |           |
+-----------+----------+----------------------+-----------+-----------+
|           | --182.4  | 0                    | 1 000     |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --148    | 99.98\               |           |           |
|           |          | 99.99943\            |           |           |
|           | --140\   | 100                  |           |           |
|           | --140    |                      |           |           |
+-----------+----------+----------------------+-----------+-----------+
| 19.7-20.2 | --200.4  | 0                    | 40        | 5 m       |
|           |          |                      |           | Recom     |
|           | --189.4\ | 90                   |           | mendation |
|           | --187.8  |                      |           | S         |
|           |          | 94\                  |           | .\[4/57\] |
|           | --184\   | 97.143               |           |           |
|           | --175    |                      |           |           |
|           |          | 99.886\              |           |           |
|           | --164.2  | 99.99\               |           |           |
|           |          | 99.999\              |           |           |
|           | --154.6  | 99.9992              |           |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --154\   | 100                  |           |           |
|           | --154    |                      |           |           |
+-----------+----------+----------------------+-----------+-----------+
|           | --186.4  | 0                    | 1 000     |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --175.4  | 90\                  |           |           |
|           |          | 94                   |           |           |
|           | --173.8\ |                      |           |           |
|           | --170    | 97.143               |           |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --161    | 99.886               |           |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --150.2  | 99.99                |           |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --140.6  | 99.999               |           |           |
|           |          |                      |           |           |
|           | --140\   | 99.9992\             |           |           |
|           | --140    | 100                  |           |           |
+-----------+----------+----------------------+-----------+-----------+

For certain receive earth stations, see also ADD **S9.7A** and ADD
**S9.7B**.

2.  Under this Section, reference patterns are to be used only for the
    calculation of interference from non-GSO FSS systems into GSO FSS
    systems.

**Reasons:** The EPFD~down~ limits proposed above for the 70 cm and 90
cm antennas were agreed within the ITU-R. For the 2.5 m and 5 m
antennas, CPM-99 agreed that the EPFD~down~ validation limits proposed
above in conjunction with the operational limits contained in Table
**S22-4B** would adequately protect GSO FSS operations. Specification of
the EPFD~down~ limits in both a 40 kHz and a 1 MHz reference bandwidth
is needed to ensure protection of GSO FSS operations from varying types
of non-GSO FSS emissions.

The compromise package includes the following elements which have yet to
be developed.

With regard to the operational EPFD~down~ limits in ii), there is a need
for regulatory procedures to implement operational limits which:
identifies non-GSO systems exceeding the operational limits; and ensures
immediate reduction of the interference level to the operational limits
by any non-GSO system exceeding those limits. There is a need for a
resolution calling for the ITU-R to develop, as a matter of urgency,
Recommendations to permit administrations to check compliance with the
operational limits.

TABLE S22-1D^2,\ 3^

Limits to the EPFD~down~ radiated by non-GSO FSS systems in certain
frequency bands\
30 cm, 45 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, 120 cm, 180 cm, 240 cm and 300 cm BSS
antennas

+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+---------------+
| Frequency   | EPFD~down~  | Percentage\   | Ref     | Reference     |
| band\       | dB(W/m^2^)  | of time       | erence\ | antenna\      |
| (GHz)       |             | during which  | ban     | diameter, and |
|             |             | EPFD~down\    | dwidth\ | reference\    |
|             |             | ~ level may   | (kHz)   | radiation     |
|             |             | not be        |         | pattern^1^    |
|             |             | exceeded      |         |               |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+---------------+
| 11.7-12.5   | --165.841   | 0.000         | 40      | 30 cm         |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |               |
| In Region 1 | --165.541   | 25.000        |         | DNR ITU-R     |
|             |             |               |         | BO.\          |
| 11.7-12.2   | --164.041   | 96.000        |         | \[Doc. 1      |
| GHz and\    |             |               |         | 1/137(Rev.1)\ |
| 12.5-12.75  | --158.600   | 98.857        |         | Annex 1\]     |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |               |
| In Region 3 | --158.600   | 99.429        |         |               |
|             |             |               |         |               |
| 12.2-12.7   | --158.330   | 99.429        |         |               |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |               |
| In Region 2 | --158.330   | 100.000       |         |               |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+---------------+
| 11.7-12.5   | --175.441   | 0.000         | 40      | 45 cm         |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |               |
| In Region 1 | --172.441   | 66.000        |         | DNR ITU-R     |
|             |             |               |         | BO.\          |
| 11.7-12.2   | --169.441   | 97.750        |         | \[Doc. 1      |
| GHz and\    |             |               |         | 1/137(Rev.1)\ |
| 12.5-12.75  | --164.000   | 99.357        |         | Annex 1\]     |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |               |
| In Region 3 | --160.750   | 99.809        |         |               |
|             |             |               |         |               |
| 12.2-12.7   | --160.000   | 99.986        |         |               |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |               |
| In Region 2 | --160.000   | 100.000       |         |               |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+---------------+
| 11.7-12.5   | --176.441   | 0.000         | 40      | 60 cm         |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |               |
| In Region 1 | --173.191   | 97.800        |         | DNR ITU-R\    |
|             |             |               |         | BO.\[Doc.     |
| 11.7-12.2   | --167.750   | 99.371        |         | 1             |
| GHz and\    |             |               |         | 1/137(Rev.1)\ |
| 12.5-12.75  | --162.000   | 99.886        |         | Annex 1\]     |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |               |
| In Region 3 | --161.000   | 99.943        |         |               |
|             |             |               |         |               |
| 12.2-12.7   | --160.200   | 99.971        |         |               |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |               |
| In Region 2 | --160.000   | 99.997        |         |               |
|             |             |               |         |               |
|             | --160.000   | 100.000       |         |               |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+---------------+

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 19%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 18%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 23%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 13%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 22%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td><p>11.7-12.5 GHz<br />
In Region 1</p>
<p>11.7-12.2 GHz and<br />
12.5-12.75 GHz<br />
In Region 3</p>
<p>12.2-12.7 GHz<br />
In Region 2</p></td>
<td colspan="3"><p>–178.94</p>
<p>–178.44</p>
<p>–176.44</p>
<p>–171.00</p>
<p>–165.50</p>
<p>–163.00</p>
<p>–161.00</p>
<p>–160.00</p>
<p>–160.00</p></td>
<td><p>0.000</p>
<p>33.000</p>
<p>98.000</p>
<p>99.429</p>
<p>99.714</p>
<p>99.857</p>
<p>99.943</p>
<p>99.991</p>
<p>100.000</p></td>
<td colspan="3">40</td>
<td><p>90 cm</p>
<p>DNR ITU-R BO.<br />
[Doc. 11/137(Rev.1)<br />
Annex 1]</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><p>11.7-12.5 GHz<br />
In Region 1</p>
<p>11.7-12.2 GHz and<br />
12.5-12.75 GHz<br />
In Region 3</p>
<p>12.2-12.7 GHz<br />
In Region 2</p></td>
<td colspan="3"><p>–182.440</p>
<p>–180.690</p>
<p>–179.190</p>
<p>–178.440</p>
<p>–174.940</p>
<p>–173.750</p>
<p>–173.000</p>
<p>–169.500</p>
<p>–167.800</p>
<p>–164.000</p>
<p>–161.900</p>
<p>–161.000</p>
<p>–160.400</p>
<p>–160.000</p></td>
<td><p>0.000</p>
<p>90.000</p>
<p>98.900</p>
<p>98.900</p>
<p>99.500</p>
<p>99.680</p>
<p>99.680</p>
<p>99.850</p>
<p>99.915</p>
<p>99.940</p>
<p>99.970</p>
<p>99.990</p>
<p>99.998</p>
<p>100</p></td>
<td colspan="3">40</td>
<td><p>120 cm</p>
<p>DNR ITU-R BO.<br />
[Doc. 11/137(Rev.1)<br />
Annex 1]</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">–184.941</td>
<td>0.000</td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>11.7-12.5 GHz</td>
<td colspan="3">–184.101</td>
<td>33.000</td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>in Region 1</td>
<td colspan="3">–181.691</td>
<td>98.500</td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td>180 cm</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>11.7-12.2 GHz and</td>
<td colspan="3">–176.250</td>
<td>99.571</td>
<td colspan="3">40</td>
<td>DNR ITU-R BO.<br />
[Doc. 11/137(Rev.1)</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>12.5-12.75 GHz</td>
<td colspan="3">–163.250</td>
<td>99.946</td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td>Annex 1]</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>in Region 3</td>
<td colspan="3">–161.500</td>
<td>99.974</td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td>12.2-12.7 GHz</td>
<td colspan="3">–160.350</td>
<td>99.993</td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td>in Region 2</td>
<td colspan="3">–160.000</td>
<td>99.999</td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">–160.000</td>
<td>100.000</td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td>–187.441</td>
<td colspan="3">0.000</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td>–186.341</td>
<td colspan="3">33.000</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2">11.7-12.5 GHz</td>
<td>–183.441</td>
<td colspan="3">99.250</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2">in Region 1</td>
<td>–178.000</td>
<td colspan="3">99.786</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">240 cm</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2">11.7-12.2 GHz and</td>
<td>–164.400</td>
<td colspan="3">99.957</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3">DNR ITU-R BO.<br />
[Doc. 11/137(Rev.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2">12.5-12.75 GHz</td>
<td>–161.900</td>
<td colspan="3">99.983</td>
<td>40</td>
<td colspan="3">Annex 1]</td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2">in Region 3</td>
<td>–160.500</td>
<td colspan="3">99.994</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2">12.2-12.7 GHz</td>
<td>–160.000</td>
<td colspan="3">99.999</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2">in Region 2</td>
<td>–160.000</td>
<td colspan="3">100.000</td>
<td></td>
<td colspan="3"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2"><p>11.7-12.5 GHz<br />
In Region 1</p>
<p>11.7-12.2 GHz and<br />
12.5-12.75 GHz<br />
In Region 3</p>
<p>12.2-12.7 GHz<br />
In Region 2</p></td>
<td><p>–191.941</p>
<p>–189.441</p>
<p>–185.941</p>
<p>–180.500</p>
<p>–173.000</p>
<p>–167.000</p>
<p>–162.000</p>
<p>–160.000</p>
<p>–160.000</p></td>
<td colspan="3"><p>0.000</p>
<p>33.000</p>
<p>99.500</p>
<p>99.857</p>
<p>99.914</p>
<p>99.951</p>
<p>99.983</p>
<p>99.991</p>
<p>100.000</p></td>
<td>40</td>
<td colspan="3"><p>300 cm</p>
<p>DNR ITU-R BO.<br />
[Doc. 11/137(Rev.1)<br />
Annex 1]</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

^1^ Under this Section, reference patterns are to be used only for the
calculation of interference from non-GSO FSS systems into GSO BSS
systems.

^2^ For BSS antenna diameters 180 cm, 240 cm and 300 cm, in addition to
the single-entry limits shown in Table **S22-1D**, the following
single-entry 100% of the time EPFD~down~ limit also applies in the
frequency bands listed in Table **S22‑1D**:

  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------
  100% of the time EPFD~down~\       Latitude (North or South)\
  dB(W/(m^2^·40 kHz))                (°)

  -160.0                             0 \< latitude 57.5

  -160.0 + 3.4 \* (57.5 --           57.5 \< latitude 63.75
  latitude)/4                        

  -165.3                             63.75 latitude
  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------

^3^ For BSS antenna diameter 240 cm, in addition to the single-entry
100% of the time EPFD~down~ limit specified in footnote 2 of this Table,
a -167 dB(W/(m^2^·40 kHz)) single-entry 100% of the time operational
EPFD~down~ limit also applies to receive antennas located in Region 2,
west of 140° W, north of 60° N, pointing toward GSO BSS satellites at
91° W, 101° W, 110° W, 119° W and 148° W with elevation angles greater
than 5°. \[This limit is implemented during a transition period of
\[15\] years.\][^3]

Reasons: The limits proposed above represent a compromise agreed upon at
the CPM-99 meeting consisting of the following:

i\) "validation" EPFD~down~ masks for reference GSO BSS earth station
antenna diameters of 30 cm, 45 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, 120 cm, 180 cm, 240 cm,
and 300 cm;

ii\) latitude dependent validation 100% of the time EPFD~down~ limits
for 180 cm, 240 cm, and 300 cm BSS earth station antennas; and

iii\) "operational" 100% of the time single entry EPFD~down~ limits for
240 cm BSS antenna diameters in a certain northern high latitude area of
Region 2.

Table S22-1D above contains the limits referred to in items i), ii) and
iii) of the compromise package. The limit in item iii) is required
because the power of BSS transmissions that can be radiated toward a
certain northern high latitude area of Region 2 is limited by the
existing pfd limits contained in section 5c) of Annex 1 to Appendix S30.
This leads to the use of larger BSS earth station antennas in this
geographical area and more sensitive links. The square brackets around
the last sentence in footnote 3 can be removed only if the pfd limits in
section 5c of annex 1 to Appendix S30 are sufficiently relaxed as
described in section 5.2.3.5 of the CPM report.

The compromise package includes the following elements which have yet to
be developed.

With regard to the operational EPFD~down~ limits in iii), there is a
need for regulatory procedures to implement operational limits which:
identifies non-GSO systems exceeding the operational limits; and ensures
immediate reduction of the interference level to the operational limits
by any non-GSO system exceeding those limits. There is a need for a
resolution calling for the ITU-R to develop, as a matter of urgency,
Recommendations to permit administrations to check compliance with the
operational limits.

  ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
  S22.5C     2\) The equivalent power flux-density^2^, EPFD~up~, produced
             at any point in the geostationary-satellite orbit by
             emissions from all the earth stations in a
             non-geostationary-satellite system in the fixed-satellite
             service in the frequency bands listed in Table **S22-2**,
             for all conditions and for all methods of modulation, shall
             not exceed the limits given in Table **S22-2** for the
             specified percentages of time. These limits relate to the
             equivalent power flux‑density which would be obtained under
             free-space propagation conditions, into a reference antenna
             and in the reference bandwidth specified in Table **S22-2**,
             for all pointing directions towards the Earth\'s surface
             visible from any given location in the
             geostationary-satellite orbit.

  ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------

     (WRC-97)

TABLE **S22-2**

Limits to the EPFD~up~ radiated by non-GSO FSS systems in certain
frequency bands

+----------------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------+
| Frequency      | E        | Percentage  | Reference   | Reference  |
| band\          | PFD~up~\ | of time     | bandwidth\  | antenna    |
| (GHz)          | dB       | during      | (kHz)       | beamwidth  |
|                | (W/m^2^) | which       |             | and        |
|                |          | EPFD~up~    |             | reference  |
|                |          | may not be  |             | radiation  |
|                |          | exceeded    |             | pattern    |
+----------------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------+
| 12.50 --       | -160     | 100         | 40          | 4 degrees\ |
| 12.75\         |          |             |             | ITU-R      |
| 12.75 --       |          |             |             | S.672, Ls  |
| 13.25\         |          |             |             | = -20^1^   |
| 13.75 -- 14.5  |          |             |             |            |
+----------------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------+
| 17.3-17.8      | -160     | 100         | 40          | 4 degrees\ |
| Region 1 and   |          |             |             | ITU-R      |
| Region 3^2^    |          |             |             | S.672, Ls  |
|                |          |             |             | = -20^1^   |
| 17.8-18.1      |          |             |             |            |
+----------------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------+
| 27.5 -- 28.6   | -162     | 100         | 40          | 1.55       |
|                |          |             |             | degrees\   |
|                |          |             |             | ITU-R      |
|                |          |             |             | S.672, Ls  |
|                |          |             |             | = -10^1^   |
+----------------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------+
| 29.5 -- 30.0   | -162     | 100         | 40          | 1.55       |
|                |          |             |             | degrees\   |
|                |          |             |             | ITU-R      |
|                |          |             |             | S.672, Ls  |
|                |          |             |             | = -10^1^   |
+----------------+----------+-------------+-------------+------------+

^1^ For the case of Ls=-10, the values a=1.83 and b=6.32 should be used
in the equations in Annex 1 of Recommendation ITU-R S.672 for
single-feed circular beams. In all cases of Ls, the parabolic main beam
equation should start at zero.

^2^ This EPFD~up~ level also applies to the frequency band 17.3-17.8 GHz
to protect BSS feeder links in Region 2 from non-GSO FSS Earth-to-space
transmissions in Regions 1 and 3.

  --------- -------------------------------------------------------------
            

  --------- -------------------------------------------------------------

**\
**

PART A

  ------------ ------------- ---------------- ---------- -----------------
                                                         

                                                         
  ------------ ------------- ---------------- ---------- -----------------

PART B

  ------------- ------------- --------------- --------- -------------------
                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        
  ------------- ------------- --------------- --------- -------------------

  --------- -------------------------------------------------------------
  S22.5D    3\) The equivalent power flux-density^2^, EPFD~is~, produced
            at any point in the geostationary-satellite orbit by
            emissions from all the space stations in a
            non-geostationary-satellite system in the fixed-satellite
            service in the frequency bands listed in Table **S22-3**,
            including emissions from a reflecting satellite, for all
            conditions and for all methods of modulation, shall not
            exceed the limits given in Table **S22-3** for the specified
            percentages of time. These limits relate to the equivalent
            power flux-density which would be obtained under free-space
            propagation conditions into a reference antenna and in the
            reference bandwidth specified in Table **S22-3**, for all
            pointing directions towards the Earth\'s surface visible from
            any given location in the geostationary-satellite orbit.

  --------- -------------------------------------------------------------

TABLE **S22-3**

Limits to the EPFD~is~ radiated by non‑GSO FSS systems in certain
frequency bands

+--------------+----------+---------------+----------+----------------+
| Frequency    | E        | Percentage of | R        | Re ference     |
| band\        | PFD~is~\ | time EPFD~is~ | eference | antenna        |
| (GHz)        | dB       | level may not | ba       | beamwidth and  |
|              | (W/m^2^) | be exceeded   | ndwidth\ | reference      |
|              |          |               | (kHz)    | radiation      |
|              |          |               |          | pattern^1^     |
+--------------+----------+---------------+----------+----------------+
| 10.7-11.7\   | --160    | 100           | 40       | 4 degrees\     |
| (Region 1)   |          |               |          | ITU-R S.672,   |
|              |          |               |          | Ls = -20       |
| 12.5-12.75   |          |               |          |                |
| (Region 1)   |          |               |          |                |
|              |          |               |          |                |
| 12.7-12.75   |          |               |          |                |
| (Region 2)   |          |               |          |                |
+--------------+----------+---------------+----------+----------------+
| 17.8-18.4    | --160    | 100           | 40       | 4 degrees\     |
|              |          |               |          | ITU-R S.672,   |
|              |          |               |          | Ls = -20       |
+--------------+----------+---------------+----------+----------------+

Under this Section, this reference pattern is to be used only for the
calculation of interference from non‑GSO FSS systems into GSO FSS
systems.

  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
                                                        

                                                        

                                                        

                                                        
  ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------

  ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
  S22.5E     The limits given in Tables **S22-1A** to **S22-1D** may be
             exceeded on the territory of any country whose
             administration has so agreed

  ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------

+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| S22.5 F | The limits specified in No. **S22.5B** to **S22.5D** apply |
|         | to non-GSO FSS systems for which complete coordination or  |
|         | notification information, as appropriate, has been         |
|         | received after 22 November 1997.                           |
|         |                                                            |
|         | **Reasons:** Reflect the \"*instructs the                  |
|         | Radiocommunication Bureau*\" in Resolutions 130 (WRC-97)   |
|         | and 538 (WRC-97), and *resolves* 2 of Resolution 130       |
|         | (WRC-97). Review of the findings by the Bureau under       |
|         | \"*instructs the Radiocommunication Bureau*\" in           |
|         | Resolution 130 (WRC-97) and Resolution 538 (WRC-97) should |
|         | be kept in an updated version of these resolutions to      |
|         | cover transitional aspects. It was noted that no           |
|         | notification was received prior to 22 November 1997 for    |
|         | non-GSO FSS systems (Earth-to-space) in the bands          |
|         | 17.3-18.1 GHz (Regions 1 and 3) and 17.8-18.1 GHz (Region  |
|         | 2).                                                        |
+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+

+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| S22.5 G | An administration operating a non‑GSO FSS system which is  |
|         | in compliance with the limits in No. **S22.5B** to         |
|         | **S22.5D** (see also Resolution **WWW**) shall be          |
|         | considered as having fulfilled its obligations under No.   |
|         | **S22.2** with respect to any GSO network, irrespective of |
|         | the dates of receipt by the Bureau of the complete         |
|         | coordination or notification information, as appropriate,  |
|         | for the non‑GSO system and of the complete coordination    |
|         | information for the GSO network, provided that the         |
|         | EPFD~down~ radiated by the non-GSO FSS system into any     |
|         | operating GSO FSS earth station does not exceed the        |
|         | operational limits given in footnote 3 of Table **S22-1D** |
|         | or the operational limits given in Tables **S22-4A** and   |
|         | **S22-4B**, when the diameter of the earth station is      |
|         | equal to the values given in Table **S22-4A** or the gain  |
|         | of the earth station is equal to or greater than the       |
|         | values given in Table **S22-4B** for the corresponding     |
|         | orbital inclination of the GSO FSS satellite. Except as    |
|         | otherwise agreed between concerned administrations, an     |
|         | administration operating a non-GSO FSS system that is      |
|         | subject to the limits in No. **S22.5B** to **S22.5D** and  |
|         | which radiates EPFD~down~ into any operating GSO FSS earth |
|         | station at levels in excess of the operational limits      |
|         | given in footnote 3 of Table **S22-1D** or the operational |
|         | limits given in Tables **S22-4A** and **S22-4B**, when the |
|         | diameter of the earth station is equal to the values given |
|         | in Table **S22-4A** or the gain of the earth station is    |
|         | equal to or greater than the values given in Table         |
|         | **S22-4B** for the corresponding orbital inclination of    |
|         | the GSO FSS satellite, shall be considered in violation of |
|         | its obligations under No. **S22.2**.                       |
|         |                                                            |
|         | **Reasons:** Reflects *resolves* 4 and 1.4 of Resolutions  |
|         | 130 (WRC-97) and 538 (WRC-97), and the principles provided |
|         | in section 3.1.2.1.4.2 c). Other additions to the          |
|         | provision correct the language, and make explicit the      |
|         | intention that any non-GSO FSS system that exceeds the     |
|         | validation, operational or additional operational limits,  |
|         | as applicable, shall, except otherwise agreed between      |
|         | concerned administrations be deemed to be in violation of  |
|         | its obligations under No. S22.2.                           |
+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+

TABLE **S22-4A**^1,\ 3^

Operational limits to the EPFD~down~ radiated by non‑GSO FSS\
systems in certain frequency bands

+----------------+---------+------------+--------+---------+---------+
| **Frequency    | **EPF   | **         | **Ref  | **      | **      |
| band (GHz)**   | D~down\ | Percentage | erence | Receive | Orbital |
|                | ~dB(W/  | of time    | ban    | GSO     | incl    |
|                | m^2^)** | during     | dwidth | earth   | ination |
|                |         | which      | (      | station | of GSO  |
|                |         | EPFD~down~ | kHz)** | antenna | sat     |
|                |         | may not be |        | d       | ellite\ |
|                |         | exceeded** |        | iameter | (deg    |
|                |         |            |        | ^2^**   | rees)** |
|                |         |            |        |         |         |
|                |         |            |        | **(m)** |         |
+----------------+---------+------------+--------+---------+---------+
| 10.7-11.7 in   | -163    | 100        | 40     | 3       | 2.5     |
| all Regions;\  |         |            |        |         |         |
| 11.7-12.2 in   | -166    |            |        | 6       |         |
|                |         |            |        |         |         |
| Region 2;\     | -167.5  |            |        | 9       |         |
| 12.2-12.5\     |         |            |        |         |         |
| in Region 3;   | -169.5  |            |        | 18      |         |
| and\           |         |            |        |         |         |
| 12.5-12.75\    |         |            |        |         |         |
| in Regions 1\  |         |            |        |         |         |
| and 3 (prior   |         |            |        |         |         |
| to 31 December |         |            |        |         |         |
| 2005)          |         |            |        |         |         |
+----------------+---------+------------+--------+---------+---------+
|                | -160    | 100        | 40     | 3       | 4.5     |
|                |         |            |        |         |         |
|                | -163    |            |        | 6       |         |
|                |         |            |        |         |         |
|                | -164.5  |            |        | 9       |         |
|                |         |            |        |         |         |
|                | -166.5  |            |        | 18      |         |
+----------------+---------+------------+--------+---------+---------+
| 10.7-11.7 in   | -161.25 | 100        | 40     | 3       | 2.5     |
| all Regions;\  |         |            |        |         |         |
| 11.7-12.2\     | -164    |            |        | 6       |         |
| in Region 2;\  |         |            |        |         |         |
| 12.2-12.5\     | -165.5  |            |        | 9       |         |
| in Region 3;   |         |            |        |         |         |
| and\           | -167.5  |            |        | 18      |         |
| 12.5-12.75\    |         |            |        |         |         |
| in Regions 1\  |         |            |        |         |         |
| and 3 (after\  |         |            |        |         |         |
| 31 December    |         |            |        |         |         |
| 2005)          |         |            |        |         |         |
+----------------+---------+------------+--------+---------+---------+
|                | -158.25 | 100        | 40     | 3       | 4.5     |
|                |         |            |        |         |         |
|                | -161    |            |        | 6       |         |
|                |         |            |        |         |         |
|                | -162.5  |            |        | 9       |         |
|                |         |            |        |         |         |
|                | -164.5  |            |        | 18      |         |
+----------------+---------+------------+--------+---------+---------+

^1^ For certain receive earth stations, see also ADD **S9.7A** and ADD
**S9.7B**.

^2^ Linear interpolation of EPFD levels in decibels should be performed
for other intermediate antenna diameters using a logarithmic scale for
the antenna diameter.

^3^ In addition to the operational limits shown in Table **S22-4A**, the
following additional operational limits apply to certain GSO FSS earth
station antenna sizes in the frequency bands listed in Table **S22-4A**.
A method of assessing interference levels for intermediate antenna sizes
should also be developed within the ITU-R.

+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| **EPFD~down\            | Percentage of time      | **Receive GSO    |
| ~(dB(W/(m^2^/40         | during which\           | earth station    |
| kHz)))**                | EPFD~down~ may be       | antenna          |
|                         | exceeded                | diameter**       |
|                         |                         |                  |
|                         |                         | **(m)**          |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -182                    | 0.1                     | 3                |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -179                    | 0.06                    |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -176                    | 0.03                    |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -171                    | 0.02                    |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -168                    | 0.016                   |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -165                    | 0.007                   |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -163                    | 0.001                   |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -161.25                 | 0.00025                 |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -161.25                 | 0                       |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -185                    | 0.03                    | 10               |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -183                    | 0.02                    |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -179                    | 0.01                    |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -175                    | 0.004                   |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -171                    | 0.002                   |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -168                    | 0.001                   |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -166                    | 0.0002                  |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+
| -166                    | 0                       |                  |
+-------------------------+-------------------------+------------------+

Reasons: The operational limits proposed for antennas equal to or
greater than 3 m in diameter represent a compromise agreed upon at the
CPM-99 meeting. The compromise package agreed upon consists of the
following:

i\) "validation" EPFD~down~ masks for reference GSO FSS earth station
antenna diameters of 60 cm, 1.2m, 3 m, and 10 m;

ii\) "operational" EPFD~down~ limits for all antenna diameters between 3
m and 18 m;

iii\) "additional operational" EPFD~down~ limits for antenna diameters
of 3 m and 10 m; and

iv\) "validation" EPFD~down~ limits for antenna diameters exceeding 60
cm located at high latitudes.

CPM-99 agreed that "validation" masks, in conjunction with "operational"
and "additional operational" limits, as appropriate, would adequately
protect GSO FSS systems using 60 cm, 1.2 m, 3 m and 10 m antennas. Table
S22-4A contains the limits referred to in items ii) and iii) of the
compromise package.

The compromise package includes the following elements which have yet to
be developed.

With regard to the operational EPFD~down~ limits in ii), there is a need
for regulatory procedures to implement operational limits which:
identifies non-GSO systems exceeding the operational limits; and ensures
immediate reduction of the interference level to the operational limits
by any non-GSO system exceeding those limits. There is a need for a
resolution calling for the ITU-R to develop, as a matter of urgency,
Recommendations to permit administrations to check compliance with the
operational limits.

With regard to the additional operational EPFD~down~ limits in iii), an
administration proposing a non-GSO FSS system would have to commit that
the proposed system will meet these additional operational limits. A
possible mechanism would be the inclusion of a requirement in Appendix
**S4**.

In order to implement the additional operational limits, there is a need
for procedures to be developed for the same purpose as identified for
the operational limits. In particular, a WRC-2000 Resolution calling for
ITU-R studies, as a matter of urgency, is required to develop
methodologies:

-   to determine the time distribution of the actual EPFD levels
    radiated by a non-GSO FSS system into a 3 to 10 metre GSO FSS
    antenna;

-   to assess interference levels for intermediate antenna sizes;

-   to permit administrations to check compliance with the additional
    operational limits.

TABLE **S22-4B**^1^

Operational limits to the EPFD~down~ radiated by non-GSO FSS\
systems in certain frequency bands

  ------------- ------------- ------------ ----------- ----------- ---------------
  Frequency     EPFD~down\    Percentage   Reference   Receive GSO Orbital
  band (GHz)    ~dB(W/m^2^)   of time      bandwidth   earth       inclination of
                              during which (kHz)       station     GSO satellite\
                              EPFD~down~               antenna     (degrees)
                              may not be               Gain (dBi)  
                              exceeded                             

  19.7--20.2    --157\        100\         40\         49\         2.5\
                --157\        100\         40\         43^2^\      2.5\
                --155         100          40          49          \>2.5 and 4.5

  19.7--20.2    --143\        100\         1 000\      49\         2.5\
                --143\        100\         1 000\      43^2^\      2.5\
                --141         100          1 000       49          \>2.5 and 4.5

  17.8--18.6    --164\        100\         40\         49\         2.5\
                --162         100          40          49          \>2.5 and 4.5

  17.8--18.6    --150\        100\         1 000\      49\         2.5\
                --148         100          1 000       49          \>2.5 and 4.5
  ------------- ------------- ------------ ----------- ----------- ---------------

For certain receive earth stations, see also ADD **S9.7A** and ADD
**S9.7B**.

2.  The operational limit applies to non-GSO systems operating at
    altitudes of 7 000 km or above in order to protect GSO FSS systems
    employing adaptive coding.

**Reasons:** The operational limits proposed for antennas with a gain
equal to or greater than 49 dBi represent a compromise agreed upon at
the CPM-99 meeting. CPM-99 agreed that the "operational" limits
contained in Table **S22-4B** above in conjunction with EPFD~down~
"validation" masks would adequately protect GSO FSS systems with an
antenna gain equal to or greater than 49 dBi.

The compromise package includes the following elements which have yet to
be developed.

With regard to the operational EPFD~down~ limits in ii), there is a need
for regulatory procedures to implement operational limits which:
identifies non-GSO systems exceeding the operational limits; and ensures
immediate reduction of the interference level to the operational limits
by any non-GSO system exceeding those limits. There is a need for a
resolution calling for the ITU-R to develop, as a matter of urgency,
Recommendations to permit administrations to check compliance with the
operational limits.

+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| S     | In case of *force majeure*, telecommand and ranging carriers |
| 22.5H | transmitted to non-geostationary satellites in the           |
|       | fixed-satellite service are not subject to the limits given  |
|       | in Table **S22-2**.                                          |
|       |                                                              |
|       | **Reasons:** Specific provision needed to cover emergency    |
|       | situations.                                                  |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

######## Proposal for the Protection of GSO FSS and GSO BSS networks from the maximum aggregate equivalent power flux‑density produced by multiple non‑GSO FSS systems in frequency bands where EPFD limits have been adopted

[Background Information:]{.underline} **The ITU-R and CPM-99 agreed that
"\[t\]here is a need to provide a regulatory mechanism that would ensure
protection of GSO FSS and GSO BSS networks from the maximum aggregate
equivalent power flux-density produced by multiple non-GSO FSS systems
in frequency bands where equivalent power flux-density (EPFD) limits
have been adopted." CPM-99 Report at Section 3.1.1.3.2. With respect
specifically to the GSO BSS, Section 3.1.3.1.4(b) of the CPM-99 Report
to WRC-2000 states that "\[t\]here is a need to ensure that the
aggregate EPFD produced by all co-frequency non-GSO FSS systems does not
exceed the maximum interference levels, as determined by the agreed to
aggregate EPFD masks, that are necessary to protect these GSO BSS
systems." This agreement can be implemented by including aggregate
EPFD~down~ limits in Article** S22 **or annexed to a WRC-2000
Resolution. Such a Resolution is proposed below based on the agreement
reached within the ITU-R.**

Because it was agreed that single-entry EPFD~down~ "validation" masks in
conjunction with "operational" and "additional operational" EPFD~down~
limits would be needed to adequately protect certain GSO FSS antennas in
the 10.7-12.75 GHz range, it may be necessary to revisit the aggregate
values proposed for the 3m and 10 m GSO antenna sizes in Table WWW-1A in
order to ensure that the intended level of protection is provided. For
now, the values for these antenna sizes are included in square brackets;
CITEL should revisit these values, in order to provide additional detail
(either to remove the square brackets or make alternative proposals) in
a forthcoming proposal to WRC-2000. Similarly, there might be a need to
consider revising the 100% of the time aggregate limits in other
frequency bands for the same reasons.

Proposal(s):

RESOLUTION WWW (WRC-2000)

Protection of GSO FSS and GSO BSS networks from the maximum aggregate
equivalent\
power flux‑density produced by multiple non‑GSO FSS systems in\
frequency bands where EPFD limits have been adopted

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Istanbul, 2000),

Considering

*a)* that WRC-97 has adopted, in Article **S22**, provisional EPFD
limits to be met by non‑GSO FSS systems in order to protect GSO FSS and
GSO BSS networks in parts of the frequency range 10.7-30 GHz;

*b)* that WRC-2000 has revised these limits to ensure that they provide
adequate protection to GSO systems without causing undue constraints to
any of the systems and services sharing these frequency bands;

*c)* that Article **S22** includes single entry EPFD limits which apply
to non‑GSO FSS systems in these bands;

*d)* that these single-entry limits have been derived from aggregate
equivalent power flux‑density (EPFD) masks that are intended to protect
GSO networks, assuming a maximum effective number of non-GSO FSS systems
of 3.5;

*e)* that the aggregate interference caused by all co-frequency non‑GSO
FSS systems in these bands into GSO FSS systems should not exceed the
maximum interference levels that are necessary to protect these GSO
systems;

*f)* that WRC-97 decided, and WRC-2000 confirmed, that non‑GSO FSS
systems in these bands are to coordinate the use of these frequencies
between themselves under the provisions of No. **S9.12** of the Radio
Regulations;

*g)* that the orbital characteristics of such systems are likely to be
inhomogeneous;

*h)* that as a result of this likely inhomogeneity, the aggregate EPFD
levels from multiple non‑GSO FSS systems are not directly related to the
number of actual systems sharing a frequency band, and the number of
such systems operating co-frequency is likely to be small;

*i*) that the possible misapplication of single entry limits should be
avoided,

recognizing

*a)* that non-GSO FSS systems are likely to need to implement
interference mitigation techniques to share frequencies among
themselves;

*b)* that because the use of such interference mitigation techniques
will likely keep the number of non‑GSO systems small, the aggregate
interference caused by non‑GSO FSS systems into GSO systems will also
likely be small;

*c)* that notwithstanding *considering* *d)*, there may be instances
where the aggregate interference from non‑GSO systems could exceed the
interference levels given in Annex 1;

*d)* that administrations operating GSO systems may wish to ensure that
the aggregate EPFD produced by all operating co-frequency non‑GSO FSS
systems in the frequency bands referred to in *considering a)* above
into GSO FSS and/or GSO BSS networks does not exceed the aggregate
interference levels given in Annex 1,

resolves

1 that administrations operating or planning to operate non‑GSO FSS
systems in the frequency bands referred to in *considering a)* above,
individually or in collaboration, take all possible steps, including by
means of appropriate modifications to their systems if necessary, to
ensure that the actual aggregate interference into GSO FSS and GSO BSS
networks caused by such systems operating co-frequency in these
frequency bands does not exceed the aggregate power levels shown in
Annex 1;

2 that, in the event that the aggregate interference levels in Annex 1
are exceeded into an operational GSO earth station, administrations
operating non‑GSO FSS systems in these frequency bands shall
expeditiously take all necessary measures to reduce the aggregate EPFD
levels to those in Annex 1 or to reduce such interference to higher
levels that are acceptable to the affected GSO administration,

requests ITU-R

1 to develop, as a matter of urgency, and complete, in time for
consideration by the next WRC, a methodology for calculating the
aggregate EPFD produced by all non‑GSO FSS systems operating or planning
to operate co-frequency in the frequency bands referred to in
*considering* *a)* above into GSO FSS and GSO BSS networks and for
comparing the calculated levels with the aggregate power levels shown in
Annex 1;

2 to continue its studies on the accurate modelling of interference from
non‑GSO FSS systems into GSO FSS and GSO BSS networks in the frequency
bands referred to in *considering* *a)* above in order to assist the
administrations planning or operating non‑GSO FSS systems in their
efforts to limit the aggregate EPFD levels produced by their systems
into GSO networks,

requests the Director of the Radiocommunication Bureau

to assist in the development of the methodology referred to in *requests
ITU-R* 1 above.

ANNEX 1 (to Resolution WWW)

This Annex to Resolution WWW contains tables of aggregate interference
levels from multiple non‑GSO FSS systems, which individually meet the
Table **S22-1A** limits, into GSO FSS and GSO BSS systems.

TABLE **WWW-1A**^1,\ 3^

Limits to the aggregate EPFD~down~ radiated by non‑GSO FSS systems in\
certain frequency bands

<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 20%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 20%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 23%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 14%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
<col style="width: 19%" />
<col style="width: 0%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2">Frequency band<br />
(GHz)</td>
<td colspan="2">EPFD<sub>down<br />
</sub>dB(W/m<sup>2</sup>)</td>
<td colspan="2">Percentage<br />
of time during which EPFD<sub>down</sub> may not be exceeded</td>
<td colspan="2">Reference<br />
bandwidth<br />
(kHz)</td>
<td>Reference antenna<br />
diameter, and reference<br />
radiation pattern<sup>2</sup></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>–170.0</p>
<p>–168.6</p>
<p>–165.3</p>
<p>–160.4</p>
<p>–160.0</p>
<p>–160.0</p></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>0</p>
<p>90</p>
<p>99</p>
<p>99.97</p>
<p>99.99</p>
<p>100</p></td>
<td colspan="2">40</td>
<td>60 cm Recommendation S.[4/57]</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td colspan="2">10.7-11.7 in all Regions;<br />
11.7-12.2<br />
in Region 2;<br />
12.2-12.5<br />
in Region 3 and<br />
12.5-12.75<br />
in Regions 1<br />
and 3</td>
<td colspan="2"><p>–176.5</p>
<p>–173.0</p>
<p>–164.0</p>
<p>–161.6</p>
<p>–161.4</p>
<p>–160.8</p>
<p>–160.5</p>
<p>–160</p>
<p>–160</p></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>0</p>
<p>99.5</p>
<p>99.84</p>
<p>99.945</p>
<p>99.97</p>
<p>99.99</p>
<p>99.99</p>
<p>99.9975</p>
<p>100</p></td>
<td colspan="2">40</td>
<td>1.2 m Recommendation S.[4/57]</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td colspan="2"></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>[–185</p>
<p>–184</p>
<p>–182</p>
<p>–168</p>
<p>–164</p>
<p>–162</p>
<p>–160</p>
<p>–160]</p></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>0</p>
<p>90</p>
<p>99.5</p>
<p>99.9</p>
<p>99.96</p>
<p>99.982</p>
<p>99.997</p>
<p>100.00</p></td>
<td colspan="2">40</td>
<td>3 m Recommendation<br />
S.[4/57]</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>[–190</p>
<p>–190</p>
<p>–166</p>
<p>–160</p>
<p>–160]</p></td>
<td colspan="2"><p>0</p>
<p>99</p>
<p>99.99</p>
<p>99.998</p>
<p>100</p></td>
<td colspan="2">40</td>
<td colspan="3">10 m Recommendation S.[4/57]</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

For certain receive earth stations, see also ADD **S9.7A** and ADD
**S9.7B**.

2.  Under this Section, reference patterns are to be used only for the
    calculation of interference from non‑GSO FSS systems into GSO FSS
    systems.

3.  In addition to the limits shown in Table **WWW-1A**, the following
    aggregate EPFD~down~ limits apply to all antenna sizes greater than
    60 cm in the frequency bands listed in Table **WWW-1A**.

  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------
  **100% of the time EPFD~down\            **Latitude (North or South)\
  ~dB(W/(m^2^·40 kHz))**                   (°)**

  -160                                     0 \< \|Latitude\| 57.5

  -160 + 3.4(57.5 - \|Latitude\|)/4        57.5 \< \|Latitude\| 63.75

  -165.3                                   63.75 \|Latitude\|
  ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------

TABLE **WWW‑1B**^1^

Limits to the aggregate EPFD~down~ radiated by non‑GSO FSS systems in\
certain frequency bands

+-----------+---------+---------------------+----------+-------------+
| Frequency | EPFD    | Percentage of time  | R        | Reference   |
| band      | ~down~\ | during which        | eference | antenna\    |
| (GHz)     | dB(     | EPFD~down~ may not  | b        | diameter,   |
|           | W/m^2^) | be exceeded         | andwidth | and         |
|           |         |                     | (kHz)    | reference\  |
|           |         |                     |          | radiation   |
|           |         |                     |          | pattern^2^  |
+-----------+---------+---------------------+----------+-------------+
| 17.8-18.6 | --170   | 0                   | 40       | 1 m         |
|           |         |                     |          | Rec         |
|           | --170   | 90                  |          | ommendation |
|           |         |                     |          | S.\[4/57\]  |
|           | --164   | 99.9                |          |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --164   | 100                 |          |             |
+-----------+---------+---------------------+----------+-------------+
|           | --156   | 0                   | 1 000    |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --156   | 90                  |          |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --150   | 99.9                |          |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --150   | 100                 |          |             |
+-----------+---------+---------------------+----------+-------------+
| 17.8-18.6 | --173   | 0                   | 40       | 2 m         |
|           |         |                     |          | Rec         |
|           | --173   | 99.4\               |          | ommendation |
|           |         | 99.9\               |          | S.\[4/57\]  |
|           | --166   | 99.92               |          |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --164\  | 100                 |          |             |
|           | --164   |                     |          |             |
+-----------+---------+---------------------+----------+-------------+
|           | --159   | 0                   | 1 000    |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --159   | 99.4                |          |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --152   | 99.9                |          |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --150\  | 99.92               |          |             |
|           | --150   |                     |          |             |
|           |         | 100                 |          |             |
+-----------+---------+---------------------+----------+-------------+
| 17.8-18.6 | --180   | 0                   | 40       | 5 m         |
|           |         |                     |          | Rec         |
|           | --180   | 99.8                |          | ommendation |
|           |         |                     |          | S.\[4/57\]  |
|           | --172   | 99.8                |          |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --164\  | 99.992              |          |             |
|           | --164   |                     |          |             |
|           |         | 100                 |          |             |
+-----------+---------+---------------------+----------+-------------+
|           | --166   | 0                   | 1 000    |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --166   | 99.8                |          |             |
|           |         |                     |          |             |
|           | --158   | 99.8\               |          |             |
|           |         | 99.992\             |          |             |
|           | --150\  | 100                 |          |             |
|           | --150   |                     |          |             |
+-----------+---------+---------------------+----------+-------------+

For certain receive earth stations, see also ADD **S9.7A** and ADD
**S9.7B**.

^2^ Under this Section, reference patterns are to be used only for the
calculation of interference from non‑GSO FSS systems into GSO FSS
systems.

TABLE **WWW‑1C**^1^

Limits to the aggregate EPFD~down~ radiated by non‑GSO FSS systems in\
certain frequency bands

+----------+--------+--------------------+---------+-----------------+
| F        | EPFD~  | Percentage of time | Re      | Reference       |
| requency | down~\ | during which       | ference | antenna\        |
| band     | dB(W   | EPFD~down~ may not | ba      | diameter, and   |
| (GHz)    | /m^2^) | be exceeded        | ndwidth | reference\      |
|          |        |                    | (kHz)   | radiation       |
|          |        |                    |         | pattern^2^      |
+----------+--------+--------------------+---------+-----------------+
| 1        | --182  | 0                  | 40      | 70 cm           |
| 9.7-20.2 |        |                    |         | Recommendation  |
|          | --172  | 90                 |         | S.\[4/57\]      |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --154  | 99.94              |         |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --154  | 100                |         |                 |
+----------+--------+--------------------+---------+-----------------+
|          | --168  | 0                  | 1 000   |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --158  | 90                 |         |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --140\ | 99.94              |         |                 |
|          | --140  |                    |         |                 |
|          |        | 100                |         |                 |
+----------+--------+--------------------+---------+-----------------+
| 1        | --185  | 0                  | 40      | 90 cm           |
| 9.7-20.2 |        |                    |         | Recommendation  |
|          | --176  | 91                 |         | S.\[4/57\]      |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --165\ | 99.8\              |         |                 |
|          | --160  | 99.8\              |         |                 |
|          |        | 99.99\             |         |                 |
|          | --154\ | 100                |         |                 |
|          | --154  |                    |         |                 |
+----------+--------+--------------------+---------+-----------------+
|          | --171  | 0                  | 1 000   |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --162  | 91                 |         |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --151\ | 99.8               |         |                 |
|          | --146  |                    |         |                 |
|          |        | 99.8               |         |                 |
|          | --140\ |                    |         |                 |
|          | --140  | 99.99              |         |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          |        | 100                |         |                 |
+----------+--------+--------------------+---------+-----------------+
| 1        | --191  | 0                  | 40      | 2.5 m           |
| 9.7-20.2 |        |                    |         | Recommendation  |
|          | --162  | 99.933\            |         | S.\[4/57\]      |
|          |        | 99.998             |         |                 |
|          | --154  |                    |         |                 |
|          |        | 100                |         |                 |
|          | \[-    |                    |         |                 |
|          | -154\] |                    |         |                 |
+----------+--------+--------------------+---------+-----------------+
|          | --177  | 0                  | 1 000   |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --148  | 99.933\            |         |                 |
|          |        | 99.998\            |         |                 |
|          | --140  | 100                |         |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | \[-    |                    |         |                 |
|          | -140\] |                    |         |                 |
+----------+--------+--------------------+---------+-----------------+
| 1        | --195  | 0                  | 40      | 5 m             |
| 9.7-20.2 |        |                    |         | Recommendation  |
|          | --184  | 90\                |         | S.\[4/57\]      |
|          |        | 99.6               |         |                 |
|          | --175  |                    |         |                 |
|          |        | 99.984             |         |                 |
|          | --161  |                    |         |                 |
|          |        | 99.9992            |         |                 |
|          | --154\ |                    |         |                 |
|          | \[-    | 100                |         |                 |
|          | -154\] |                    |         |                 |
+----------+--------+--------------------+---------+-----------------+
|          | --181  | 0                  | 1 000   |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --170  | 90                 |         |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --161  | 99.6               |         |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --147  | 99.984             |         |                 |
|          |        |                    |         |                 |
|          | --140\ | 99.9992            |         |                 |
|          | \[-    |                    |         |                 |
|          | -140\] | 100                |         |                 |
+----------+--------+--------------------+---------+-----------------+

For certain receive earth stations, see also ADD **S9.7A** and ADD
**S9.7B**.

^2^ Under this Section, reference patterns are to be used only for the
calculation of interference from non‑GSO FSS systems into GSO FSS
systems.

TABLE **WWW-1D**^2,\ 3^

Limits to the aggregate EPFD~down~ radiated by non-GSO FSS\
systems in certain frequency bands into 30 cm, 45 cm, 60 cm,\
90 cm, 120 cm, 180 cm, 240 cm and 300 cm BSS antennas

+------------+------------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| Frequency  | EPFD~down~ | Percentage\  | Refe   | Reference         |
| band\      | dB(W/m^2^) | of time      | rence\ | antenna\          |
| (GHz)      |            | during which | band   | diameter, and     |
|            |            | EPFD~down\   | width\ | reference\        |
|            |            | ~level may   | (kHz)  | radiation         |
|            |            | not be       |        | pattern^1^        |
|            |            | exceeded     |        |                   |
+------------+------------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| 11.7- 12.5 | --160.400  | 0.000        | 40     | 30 cm             |
| GHz\       |            |              |        |                   |
| In Region  | --160.100  | 25.000       |        | DNR ITU-R         |
| 1          |            |              |        | BO.\[Do           |
|            | --158.600  | 96.000       |        | c. 11/137(Rev.1)\ |
| 11.7-12.2  |            |              |        | Annex 1\]         |
| GHz and\   | --158.600  | 98.000       |        |                   |
| 12.5-12.75 |            |              |        |                   |
| GHz\       | --158.330  | 98.000       |        |                   |
| In Region  |            |              |        |                   |
| 3          | --158.330  | 100.000      |        |                   |
|            |            |              |        |                   |
| 12.2-12.7  |            |              |        |                   |
| GHz\       |            |              |        |                   |
| In Region  |            |              |        |                   |
| 2          |            |              |        |                   |
+------------+------------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| 11.7-12.5  | --170.000  | 0.000        | 40     | 45 cm             |
| GHz\       |            |              |        |                   |
| In Region  | --167.000  | 66.000       |        | DNR ITU-R         |
| 1          |            |              |        | BO.\[Do           |
|            | --164.000  | 97.750       |        | c. 11/137(Rev.1)\ |
| 11.7-12.2  |            |              |        | Annex 1\]         |
| GHz and\   | --160.750  | 99.330\      |        |                   |
| 12.5-12.75 |            | 99.950       |        |                   |
| GHz\       | --160.000  |              |        |                   |
| In Region  |            | 100.000      |        |                   |
| 3          | --160.000  |              |        |                   |
|            |            |              |        |                   |
| 12.2-12.7  |            |              |        |                   |
| GHz\       |            |              |        |                   |
| In Region  |            |              |        |                   |
| 2          |            |              |        |                   |
+------------+------------+--------------+--------+-------------------+
| 11.7-12.5  | --171.000  | 0.000        | 40     | 60 cm             |
| GHz\       |            |              |        |                   |
| In Region  | --168.750  | 90.000       |        | DNR ITU-R BO.\    |
| 1          |            |              |        | \[Do              |
|            | --167.750  | 97.800       |        | c. 11/137(Rev.1)\ |
| 11.7-12.2  |            |              |        | Annex 1\]         |
| GHz and\   | --162.000  | 99.600       |        |                   |
| 12.5-12.75 |            |              |        |                   |
| GHz\       | --161.000  | 99.800       |        |                   |
| In Region  |            |              |        |                   |
| 3          | --160.200  | 99.900       |        |                   |
|            |            |              |        |                   |
| 12.2-12.7  | --160.000  | 99.990       |        |                   |
| GHz\       |            |              |        |                   |
| In Region  | --160.000  | 100.000      |        |                   |
| 2          |            |              |        |                   |
+------------+------------+--------------+--------+-------------------+

+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+
| 11.7-12.5   | --173.75    | 0.000         | 40      | 90 cm        |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |              |
| In Region 1 | --173       | 33.000        |         | DNR ITU-R    |
|             |             |               |         | BO.\         |
| 11.7-12.2   | --171       | 98.000        |         | \[Doc.       |
| GHz and\    |             |               |         | 11           |
| 12.5-12.75  | --165.5     | 99.100        |         | /137(Rev.1)\ |
| GHz\        |             |               |         | Annex 1\]    |
| In Region 3 | --163       | 99.500        |         |              |
|             |             |               |         |              |
| 12.2-12.7   | --161       | 99.800        |         |              |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |              |
| In Region 2 | --160       | 99.970        |         |              |
|             |             |               |         |              |
|             | --160.000   | 100.000       |         |              |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+
| 11.7-12.5   | --177.000   | 0.000         | 40      | 120 cm       |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |              |
| In Region 1 | --175.250   | 90.000        |         | DNR ITU-R    |
|             |             |               |         | BO.\         |
| 11.7-12.2   | --173.750   | 98.900        |         | \[Doc. 11    |
| GHz and\    |             |               |         | /137(Rev.1)\ |
| 12.5-12.75  | --173.000   | 98.900        |         | Annex 1\]    |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |              |
| In Region 3 | --169.500   | 99.500        |         |              |
|             |             |               |         |              |
| 12.2-12.7   | --167.800   | 99.700        |         |              |
| GHz\        |             |               |         |              |
| In Region 2 | --164.000   | 99.820        |         |              |
|             |             |               |         |              |
|             | --161.900   | 99.900        |         |              |
|             |             |               |         |              |
|             | --161.000   | 99.965        |         |              |
|             |             |               |         |              |
|             | --160.400   | 99.993        |         |              |
|             |             |               |         |              |
|             | --160.000   | 100           |         |              |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+
|             | --179.500   | 0.000         |         |              |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+
| 11.7-12.5   | --178.660   | 33.000        |         |              |
| GHz         |             |               |         |              |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+
| in Region 1 | --176.250   | 98.500        |         | 180 cm       |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+
| 11.7-12.2   | --163.250   | 99.810        | 40      | DNR ITU-R    |
| GHz and     |             |               |         | BO.\         |
|             |             |               |         | \[Doc.       |
|             |             |               |         | 1            |
|             |             |               |         | 1/137(Rev.1) |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+
| 12.5-12.75  | --161.500   | 99.910        |         | Annex 1\]    |
| GHz         |             |               |         |              |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+
| in Region 3 | --160.350   | 99.975        |         |              |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+
| 12.2-12.7   | --160.000   | 99.995        |         |              |
| GHz         |             |               |         |              |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+
| in Region 2 | --160.000   | 100.000       |         |              |
+-------------+-------------+---------------+---------+--------------+

+------------+------------+---------------+---------+-----------------+
|            | --182.000  | 0.000         |         |                 |
+------------+------------+---------------+---------+-----------------+
| 11.7-12.5  | --180.900  | 33.000        |         |                 |
| GHz        |            |               |         |                 |
+------------+------------+---------------+---------+-----------------+
| in Region  | --178.000  | 99.250        |         | 240 cm          |
| 1          |            |               |         |                 |
+------------+------------+---------------+---------+-----------------+
| 11.7-12.2  | --164.400  | 99.850        | 40      | DNR ITU-R BO.\  |
| GHz and    |            |               |         | \[Doc.          |
|            |            |               |         | 11/137(Rev.1)   |
+------------+------------+---------------+---------+-----------------+
| 12.5-12.75 | --161.900  | 99.940        |         | Annex 1\]       |
| GHz        |            |               |         |                 |
+------------+------------+---------------+---------+-----------------+
| in Region  | --160.500  | 99.980        |         |                 |
| 3          |            |               |         |                 |
+------------+------------+---------------+---------+-----------------+
| 12.2-12.7  | --160.000  | 99.995        |         |                 |
| GHz        |            |               |         |                 |
+------------+------------+---------------+---------+-----------------+
| in Region  | --160.000  | 100.000       |         |                 |
| 2          |            |               |         |                 |
+------------+------------+---------------+---------+-----------------+
| 11.7-12.5  | --186.500  | 0.000         | 40      | 300 cm          |
| GHz\       |            |               |         |                 |
| In Region  | --184.000  | 33.000        |         | DNR ITU-R BO.\  |
| 1          |            |               |         | \[Doc.          |
|            | --180.500  | 99.500        |         |  11/137(Rev.1)\ |
| 11.7-12.2  |            |               |         | Annex 1\]       |
| GHz and\   | --173.000  | 99.700        |         |                 |
| 12.5-12.75 |            |               |         |                 |
| GHz\       | --167.000  | 99.830        |         |                 |
| In Region  |            |               |         |                 |
| 3          | --162.000  | 99.940        |         |                 |
|            |            |               |         |                 |
| 12.2-12.7  | --160.000  | 99.970        |         |                 |
| GHz\       |            |               |         |                 |
| In Region  | --160.000  | 100.000       |         |                 |
| 2          |            |               |         |                 |
+------------+------------+---------------+---------+-----------------+

> ^1^ Under this Section, reference patterns are to be used only for the
> calculation of interference from non-GSO FSS systems into GSO BSS
> systems.
>
> ^2^ For BSS antenna diameters 180 cm, 240 cm and 300 cm, in addition
> to the aggregate limit shown in Table **WWW‑1D**, the following
> aggregate 100% of the time EPFD~down~ limit also applies:

  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------
  100% of the time EPFD~down~\      Latitude (North or South)\
  dB(W/(m^2^·40 kHz))               (°)

  -160.0                            0 \< latitude 57.5

  -160.0 + 3.4 \* (57.5 --          57.5 \< latitude 63.75
  latitude)/4                       

  -165.3                            63.75 latitude
  --------------------------------- -------------------------------------

> ^3^ For BSS antenna diameter 240 cm, in addition to the aggregate 100%
> of the time EPFD~down~ limit specified in footnote 2 of this table, a
> -167 dB(W/(m^2^·40 kHz)) aggregate 100% of the time operational
> EPFD~down~ limit also applies to receive antennas located in Region 2,
> west of 140° W, north of 60° N, pointing toward GSO BSS satellites at
> 91° W, 101° W, 110° W, 119° W and 148° W with elevation angles greater
> than 5°. \[This limit is implemented during a transition period of
> \[15\] years.\][^4]

**Reasons:** The ITU-R agreed that there is a need to provide a
regulatory mechanism that would ensure protection of GSO FSS and GSO BSS
networks from the maximum aggregate equivalent power flux-density
produced by multiple non-GSO FSS systems in frequency bands where
EPFD~down~ limits have been adopted. See Section 3.1.1.3.2 of Draft CPM
Report to WRC-2000. The aggregate limits contained in Tables WWW-1A to
WWW-1D above are related to the single entry validation limits proposed
in Tables **S22-1A** to **S22-1D** using the conversion methodology and
conversion factor of 3.5, both agreed upon within the ITU-R.

Because it was agreed that single-entry EPFD~down~ "validation" masks in
conjunction with "operational" and "additional operational" EPFD~down~
limits would be needed to adequately protect certain GSO FSS antennas in
the 10.7-12.75 GHz range, it may be necessary to revisit the aggregate
values proposed for the 3m and 10 m GSO antenna sizes in Table WWW-1A in
order to ensure that the intended level of protection is provided. For
now, the values for these antenna sizes are included in square brackets;
CITEL should revisit these values, in order to provide additional detail
(either to remove the square brackets or make alternative proposals) in
a forthcoming proposal to WRC-2000. Similarly, there might be a need to
consider revising the 100% of the time aggregate limits in other
frequency bands for the same reasons.

The square brackets around the last sentence in footnote 3 of Table
WWW-1D can be removed only if the pfd limits in section 5c of annex 1 to
Appendix S30 are sufficiently relaxed as described in section 5.2.3.5 of
the CPM report.

1.13 on the basis of the results of the studies in accordance with
Resolutions **130 (WRC-97)**, **131 (WRC-97)** and **538 (WRC-97)**:

1.13.1 to review and, if appropriate, revise the power limits appearing
in Articles **S21** and **S22** in relation to the sharing conditions
among non-GSO FSS, GSO FSS, GSO broadcasting-satellite service (BSS),
space sciences and terrestrial services, to ensure the feasibility of
these power limits and that these limits do not impose undue constraints
on the development of these systems and services;

1.13.2 to consider the inclusion in other frequency bands of similar
limits in Articles **S21** and **S22**, or other regulatory approaches
to be applied in relation to sharing situations;

######## Additions and/or Modifications to Articles S9, S11, S22 and Appendices S4 and S5

######## to require coordination between NGSO FSS transmitting space stations

######## and GSO receive earth stations with very large antenna

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Colombia\], \[Costa
Rica\], \[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[El Salvador\],
\[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\],
\[Jamaica\], \[Mexico\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\],
\[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St.
Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\],
\[Venezuela\]

**Canada, Ecuador, United States**

**[Background Information:]{.underline}** WRC-97 adopted provisional
power flux density limits in certain frequency bands which would apply
to non-GSO FSS systems to protect GSO FSS networks, and GSO BSS
networks. Resolution **130** (WRC-97), *Use of Non-Geostationary Systems
in the Fixed-Satellite Service in Certain Frequency Bands*, and Article
**S22** of the Radio Regulations contain limits corresponding to an
interference level caused by one non-GSO system in the frequency bands
10.7-12.75 GHz, 17.8-18.6 GHz, and 19.7-20.2 GHz. Studies demonstrate
that neither the WRC-97 provisional EPFD~down~ limits and associated
percentages of time nor the proposed modifications agreed during ITU-R
studies adequately protect existing GSO FSS networks with very large
earth station antennas. Section 3.1.2 of the draft CPM report for
WRC-2000 concludes that transmissions to earth stations with very large
antennas need to be protected and that an additional regulatory
procedure would be necessary. Coordination triggers based on the
characteristics of the satellite network using the GSO were agreed by
the ITU-R and confirmed by CPM-99. In addition to the GSO network
triggers, it was decided to include the condition of the EPFD~down~
radiated by the non-GSO FSS system. The CPM99-2 decided that two values
would be needed in each band and that exceeding either EPFD~down~ value
would trigger coordination. One of the two values in each band was
determined by CPM99-2; the second value is being developed based upon
section 3.1.2.1.2 e) of the CPM Report, which states that the EPFD~down~
threshold criteria would be sufficiently conservative to trigger
coordination. Annex 3 to Chapter 3 of the CPM Report contains example
regulatory and procedural text. Building on the CPM report text, this
proposal includes additions and/or modifications to Articles **S9** and
**S22** and Appendices **S4** and **S5** to require coordination between
non-GSO FSS transmitting space stations and GSO receive earth stations
with very large earth station antennas.

Proposal(s):

+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
|             | ARTICLE S9                                             |
|             |                                                        |
|             | Sub-Section IIA -- Requirement and request for         |
|             | coordination                                           |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| ../1.13/80  | *a1)* ^12,\ 13^ for a specific earth station within a  |
|             | geostationary-satellite network in the fixed-satellite |
| ADD S9.7A   | service in certain frequency bands in respect of a     |
|             | non‑geostationary-satellite system in the              |
|             | fixed-satellite service;                               |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| ../1.13/81  | *a2)* ^12,\ 13^ for a non‑geostationary-satellite      |
|             | system in the fixed-satellite service in certain       |
| ADD S9.7B   | frequency bands in respect of a specific earth station |
|             | within a geostationary-satellite network in the        |
|             | fixed-satellite service;                               |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| ../1.13/82  | ^12^ The coordination of a specific earth station      |
|             | under **S9.7A** or **S9.7B** shall remain within the   |
| ADD S9.7A.1 | authority of the administration having this station    |
| and\        | located on its territory.                              |
| S9.7B.1     |                                                        |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| ../1.13/83  | ^13^ Coordination information relating to a specific   |
|             | earth station received by the Bureau prior to \[date   |
| ADD S9.7A.2 | to be established by WRC-2000\] is considered as       |
| and\        | complete **S9.7A** or **S9.7B** information from the   |
| S9.7B.2     | date of receipt of complete information of the         |
|             | associated satellite network under **S9.7** provided   |
|             | that the characteristics of the specific earth         |
|             | stations are within the parameters of any typical      |
|             | earth station included in the GSO FSS network          |
|             | coordination request.                                  |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| ../1.13/84  | ^14^ Application of this provision with respect to     |
|             | Articles **6** and **7** of Appendices **S30** and     |
| MOD S9.8.1\ | **S30A** is suspended pending a decision of WRC‑2000   |
| and\        | on the revision of these two Appendices.               |
| S9.9.1      |                                                        |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
|             | **Reasons:** GSO FSS earth stations with very large    |
|             | antennas are not adequately protected by the           |
|             | EPFD~down~ limits contained in Tables ADD **S22‑1A**   |
|             | to **S22-1C** and case-by-case coordination of systems |
|             | operating co-frequency, co‑directional links in the    |
|             | space-to-Earth direction would then be required. The   |
|             | proposed ADD **S9.7A** and ADD **S9.7B** would require |
|             | coordination between non‑GSO FSS transmit satellites   |
|             | and GSO FSS receive earth stations with very large     |
|             | antennas. Proposals **../1.13/5, 6, 7, 23,** and **24  |
|             | (XX)** include footnotes referencing ADD **S9.7A** and |
|             | ADD **S9.7B** to Tables **S22-1A, S22-1B, S22-1C,      |
|             | S22-4A, S22-4B**, respectively. By referring to        |
|             | coordination provisions under **S9.7A** and **S9.7B**, |
|             | the request for coordination would be sent by the      |
|             | requesting administration to the Bureau under          |
|             | **S9.30**. The Bureau would act under **S9.34** to     |
|             | identify administrations with which coordination may   |
|             | need to be effected and publish the information in the |
|             | Weekly Circular. Since coordination between a non‑GSO  |
|             | FSS space station and very large GSO FSS earth         |
|             | stations is a new type of coordination that does not   |
|             | currently exist in Article **S9**, it is necessary to  |
|             | add two new entry points in Article **S9**:            |
|             |                                                        |
|             | • One entry point to enable the non‑GSO space station  |
|             | administration to request coordination with            |
|             | administrations having specific very large earth       |
|             | station antennas located on their territory.           |
|             |                                                        |
|             | • Another entry point to enable the reciprocal         |
|             | coordination to take place, i.e. the possibility for   |
|             | an administration planning to implement a specific     |
|             | very large GSO earth station stations located on their |
|             | territory to request coordination with administrations |
|             | having non‑GSO FSS transmit space stations.            |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+

+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
|             | ARTICLE S11                                            |
|             |                                                        |
|             | Section II -- Examination of notices and recording of  |
|             | frequency assignments in the Master Register           |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| ../1.13/85  | *c)* with respect to the probability of harmful        |
|             | interference that may be caused to or by assignments   |
| MOD S11.32A | recorded with a favourable finding under               |
|             | Nos. **S11.36** and **S11.37** or **S11.38**, or       |
|             | recorded in application of No. **S11.41**, or          |
|             | published under Nos. **S9.38** or **S9.58** but not    |
|             | yet notified, as appropriate, for those cases for      |
|             | which the notifying administration states that the     |
|             | procedure for coordination under Nos. **S9.7**,        |
|             | **S9.7A** or **S9.7B** could not be successfully       |
|             | completed (see also No. **S9.65**);[^5]^0^ or          |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| ../1.13/86  | ^10^ The examination of such notices with respect to   |
|             | any other frequency assignment for which a request for |
| MOD         | coordination under Nos. **S9.7**, **S9.7A** or         |
| S11.32A.1   | **S9.7B** has been published under No. **S9.38** but   |
|             | not yet notified shall be effected by the Bureau in    |
|             | the order of their publication under the same number   |
|             | using the most recent information available.           |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
|             | **Reasons:** The insertion of a coordination trigger   |
|             | related to EPFD~down~ level radiated by the non‑GSO    |
|             | FSS system into the earth station employing the very   |
|             | large antenna considered when this earth station is    |
|             | pointed to the wanted GSO satellite provides a         |
|             | mechanism to examine the notice with respect to the    |
|             | probability of harmful interference that may be caused |
|             | to or by above-listed assignments, and therefore       |
|             | S11.38 and S11.41 are applicable.                      |
+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+

MOD TO APPENDIX **S4**

ANNEX 2B (to Appendix **S4**)

Table of characteristics to be submitted for space and radio astronomy
services

The required characteristics for coordinating specific very large GSO
earth stations with non‑GSO FSS transmit space stations could be items
for \"Notification or coordination of a GSO network (including Appendix
**S30B**)\" or \"Notification or coordination of an earth station.\"

*(The modifications in either column two or column three need to be
incorporated into the full table.)*

C -- Characteristics to be provided for each group of frequency
assignments for a satellite antenna beam or an earth station antenna

+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > Items in\ | > Notification or\     | > Notification or\           |
| > Appendix  | > coordination of\     | > coordination of\           |
|             | > a GSO network\       | > an earth station           |
|             | > (including\          |                              |
|             | > Appendix S30B)       |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.1       |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.2.a     | > X                    | > X                          |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.2.b     |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.3.a     | > X                    | > X                          |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.3.b     |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.4       | > X                    | > X                          |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.5a      | > X                    |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.5.b     |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.5.c     |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.6       | > X                    | > X                          |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.7.a     | > X^9^                 | > X^9^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.7.b     | > C^9^                 | > C^9^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.7.c     | > C^9^                 | > C^9^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.7.d     | > C                    | > C                          |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.8.a     | > X^7^                 | > C^8^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.8.b     | > X^7^                 | > X^7^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.8.c     | > X^6^                 | > X^6^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.8.d     | > X^2^                 |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.8.e     | > X^6^                 | > X^6^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.8.f     |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.8.g     | > C^4^                 | > C^4,\ 5^                   |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.8.h     |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.8.i     |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.8.j     |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.9.a     | > C                    |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.9.b     |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.9.c     |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.10.a    | > X^9^                 | > C^9^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.10.b    | > X^9^                 | > C^9^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.10.c.1  | > X^9^                 | > C^9^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.10.c.2  | > X^9^                 | > C^9^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.10.c.3  | > X                    |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.10.c.4  | > X                    |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.10.c.5  | > X^9^                 | > C^9^                       |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.10.c.6  |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.11.a    | > X                    |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.11.b    |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.11.c    |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.11.d    |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.12      |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.13      |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
| > C.14      |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+
|             |                        |                              |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------------+

X Mandatory information.

O Optional information.

C This information need only be furnished when it has been used as a
basis to effect coordination with another administration.

^9^ Information mandatory for coordination under No. ADD **S9.7A**.

> NOTE -- Additional characteristics to be provided may include A.4.c,
> A.1.e.1, A.1.e.2, C.4, B.5 and C.5.b. As a result of decisions that
> may be made at WRC‑2000, these additional characteristics may replace
> C.10.a, C.10.b, C.10.c.1, C.10.c.2 and C.10.c.5 in the notification or
> coordination of an earth station column.

**Reasons:** This is consequential to ADD **S9.7A** and ADD **S9.7B**.
Administrations will need to submit specific earth station information
for earth stations associated with geostationary-satellite networks in
the fixed-satellite service meeting the conditions in the proposed
addition to Appendix **S5**. Since there is currently no requirement to
give the specific locations of earth stations, in addition to **ADD
S9.7A.2** and **ADD S9.7B.2**, a resolution for the transition period
may also be needed to have typical earth stations associated with GSO
FSS networks, already in coordination or notified, that meet the
criteria to be brought in as specific earth stations. In this
resolution, there will have to be some guidance on date priorities. The
modifications under the column for *Notification or coordination of a
GSO network (including Appendix S30B)* would apply to earth stations
associated with GSO FSS networks already in coordination or notified.
The modifications in the column for *Notification or coordination of an
earth station* would apply to earth stations communicated to the Bureau
after the date established by WRC-2000 under **ADD S9.7A.1** and **ADD
S9.7B.1**. Additional guidance will need to be added to the
*Instructions for Filling Out the Form of Notice ApS4/II and ApS4/III
Relating to Space Radiocommunications Stations* distributed by CR/65 or
in a similar instruction.

D -- Overall link characteristics

### (The modifications in either column two or column three need to be incorporated into the full table.) {#the-modifications-in-either-column-two-or-column-three-need-to-be-incorporated-into-the-full-table. .heading_i}

  --------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------
  Items in\                         Notification or\   Notification or\
  Appendix                          coordination of a  coordination of\
                                    geostationary      an earth station
                                    satellite network  
                                    (including\        
                                    Appendix S30B)     

  D.1                               X                  

  D.2.a                             X^9^               C^9^

  D.2.b                             X                  
  --------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------

X Mandatory information.

O Optional information.

C This information need only be furnished when it has been used as a
basis to effect coordination with another administration.

^9^ Information mandatory for coordination under No. ADD **S9.7A**

**Reasons:** This is consequential to ADD **S9.7A** and ADD **S9.7B**
and will be required when simple frequency-changing transponders are
used on the space station.

+--------+-----------+-----------+---------------+-------------+------+
| ../1   |           | APPENDIX  |               |             |      |
| .13/89 |           | S5        |               |             |      |
|        |           |           |               |             |      |
| ADD    |           | TABLE     |               |             |      |
|        |           | **S5-1**  |               |             |      |
|        |           | (*co      |               |             |      |
|        |           | ntinued*) |               |             |      |
+--------+-----------+-----------+---------------+-------------+------+
| Refe   | Case      | Frequency | Thresh        | Calculation | Rem  |
| rence\ |           | bands\    | old/condition | method      | arks |
| of     |           | (and      |               |             |      |
| A      |           | Region)   |               |             |      |
| rticle |           | of the    |               |             |      |
| S9     |           | service   |               |             |      |
|        |           | for which |               |             |      |
|        |           | coor      |               |             |      |
|        |           | dination\ |               |             |      |
|        |           | is sought |               |             |      |
+--------+-----------+-----------+---------------+-------------+------+
| No.    | A         | The       | Conditions:   | i\) compare | The  |
| **S9   | specific  | following |               | frequency   | th   |
| .7A**\ | earth     | frequency | i\) the       | bands;      | resh |
| GSO    | station   | bands:    | frequency     |             | old/ |
| earth  | in a      |           | bands         | ii\) use    | c    |
| st     | geost     | 10.7‑11.7 | overlap; and  | the maximum | ondi |
| ation/ | ationary- | GHz       |               | antenna     | tion |
| n      | satellite | (space-t  | ii\) the      | gain (G) of | for  |
| on‑GSO | network   | o-Earth), | satellite     | the         | coor |
| system | in the    | 11.7‑12.2 | network using | specific    | dina |
|        | fixed-    | GHz       | the           | receive     | tion |
|        | satellite | (space-   | geostation    | earth       | do   |
|        | service   | to-Earth) | ary-satellite | station     | not  |
|        | in        | in Region | orbit has     | (Appendix   | a    |
|        | respect   | 2,        | specific      | **S4** C.10 | pply |
|        | of a      | 12.2‑     | receive earth | *c)* 2)),   | to   |
|        | non-geost | 12.75 GHz | stations and  | the lowest  | typ  |
|        | ationary- | (space-   | meets all of  | equivalent  | ical |
|        | satellite | to-Earth) | the following | satellite   | rec  |
|        | system in | in Region | conditions:   | link noise  | eive |
|        | the       | 3,\       |               | temperature | e    |
|        | fixed-    | 1         | a\) Earth     | (T)         | arth |
|        | satellite | 2.5‑12.75 | station       | (Appendix   | stat |
|        | service.  | GHz       | antenna       | **S4** C.10 | ions |
|        |           | (space-   | maximum       | *c)* 5)),   | o    |
|        |           | to-Earth) | isotropic     | and the     | pera |
|        |           | in Region | gain greater  | space       | ting |
|        |           | 1,\       | than or equal | station     | in   |
|        |           | 17.8      | to 64 dBi for | emission    | s    |
|        |           | ‑18.6 GHz | the frequency | bandwidth   | atel |
|        |           | (space-t  | bands         | (Appendix   | lite |
|        |           | o-Earth), | 10.7‑12.75    | **S4** C.7  | netw |
|        |           | and       | GHz or 68 dBi | *a)*) in    | orks |
|        |           | 19.7‑20.2 | for the       | the         | u    |
|        |           | GHz       | frequency     | g           | sing |
|        |           | (space-   | bands         | eostationar | the  |
|        |           | to-Earth) | 17.8‑18.6 GHz | y-satellite | geo  |
|        |           |           | and 19.7‑20.2 | network as  | stat |
|        |           |           | GHz;          | given in    | iona |
|        |           |           |               | Appendix    | ry-s |
|        |           |           | b\) G/T of 44 | **S4**      | atel |
|        |           |           | dB/K or       | data; and   | lite |
|        |           |           | higher;       |             | or   |
|        |           |           |               | iii\) use   | bit. |
|        |           |           | c\) space     | the         |      |
|        |           |           | station       | EPFD~down~  |      |
|        |           |           | emission      | radiated by |      |
|        |           |           | bandwidth of  | the non-GSO |      |
|        |           |           | 250 MHz or    | FSS system  |      |
|        |           |           | higher for    | into the    |      |
|        |           |           | the frequency | earth       |      |
|        |           |           | bands         | station     |      |
|        |           |           | 10.7‑12.75    | employing   |      |
|        |           |           | GHz or 800    | the very    |      |
|        |           |           | MHz or higher | large       |      |
|        |           |           | for the       | antenna     |      |
|        |           |           | frequency     | when this   |      |
|        |           |           | bands\        | antenna is  |      |
|        |           |           | 17.8‑18.6 GHz | pointed     |      |
|        |           |           | and           | towards the |      |
|        |           |           | 1             | wanted GSO  |      |
|        |           |           | 9.7‑20.2 GHz; | satellite.  |      |
|        |           |           | and           |             |      |
|        |           |           |               |             |      |
|        |           |           | iii\) the     |             |      |
|        |           |           | EPFD~down~    |             |      |
|        |           |           | from the      |             |      |
|        |           |           | satellite     |             |      |
|        |           |           | system using  |             |      |
|        |           |           | the           |             |      |
|        |           |           | non-          |             |      |
|        |           |           | geostationary |             |      |
|        |           |           | orbit         |             |      |
|        |           |           | exceeds:      |             |      |
+--------+-----------+-----------+---------------+-------------+------+
|        |           |           | a\) either    |             |      |
|        |           |           | --174.5\      |             |      |
|        |           |           | dB(W/(m^2^·40 |             |      |
|        |           |           | kHz)) for any |             |      |
|        |           |           | percentage of |             |      |
|        |           |           | time or \[x\] |             |      |
|        |           |           | dB(W/(m^2^·40 |             |      |
|        |           |           | kHz)) for     |             |      |
|        |           |           | \[y\]% of the |             |      |
|        |           |           | time in the   |             |      |
|        |           |           | frequency     |             |      |
|        |           |           | band          |             |      |
|        |           |           | 10.7-12.75    |             |      |
|        |           |           | GHz;          |             |      |
|        |           |           |               |             |      |
|        |           |           | b\) either\   |             |      |
|        |           |           | --151 dB      |             |      |
|        |           |           | (W/(m^2^·Hz)) |             |      |
|        |           |           | for any       |             |      |
|        |           |           | percentage of |             |      |
|        |           |           | time or       |             |      |
|        |           |           | \[x\'\]       |             |      |
|        |           |           |  dB           |             |      |
|        |           |           | (W/(m^2^·Hz)) |             |      |
|        |           |           | for \[y\'\]%  |             |      |
|        |           |           | of the time   |             |      |
|        |           |           | in the        |             |      |
|        |           |           | frequency     |             |      |
|        |           |           | bands         |             |      |
|        |           |           | 17.8‑18.6 GHz |             |      |
|        |           |           | or            |             |      |
|        |           |           | 1             |             |      |
|        |           |           | 9.7‑20.2 GHz. |             |      |
+--------+-----------+-----------+---------------+-------------+------+
| No.    | A         | The       | Conditions:   | i\) compare | The  |
| **S9   | non-geost | following |               | frequency   | th   |
| .7B**\ | ationary- | frequency | i\) the       | bands;      | resh |
| n      | satellite | bands:    | frequency     |             | old/ |
| on‑GSO | system in |           | bands         | ii\) use    | c    |
| s      | the       | 10.7‑11.7 | overlap; and  | the maximum | ondi |
| ystem/ | fixed-    | GHz       |               | antenna     | tion |
| GSO    | satellite | (space-t  | ii\) the      | gain (G) of | for  |
| earth  | service   | o-Earth), | satellite     | the         | coor |
| st     | in        | 11.7‑12.2 | network using | specific    | dina |
| ation/ | respect   | GHz       | the           | receive     | tion |
|        | of a      | (space-   | geostation    | earth       | do   |
|        | specific  | to-Earth) | ary-satellite | station     | not  |
|        | earth     | in Region | orbit has     | (Appendix   | a    |
|        | station   | 2,        | specific      | **S4** C.10 | pply |
|        | in a      | 12.2‑     | receive earth | *c)* 2)),   | to   |
|        | geost     | 12.75 GHz | stations and  | the lowest  | typ  |
|        | ationary- | (space-   | meets all of  | equivalent  | ical |
|        | satellite | to-Earth) | the following | satellite   | rec  |
|        | network   | in Region | conditions:   | link noise  | eive |
|        | in the    | 3,\       |               | temperature | e    |
|        | fixed-    | 1         | a\) Earth     | (T)         | arth |
|        | satellite | 2.5‑12.75 | station       | (Appendix   | stat |
|        | service.  | GHz       | antenna       | **S4** C.10 | ions |
|        |           | (space-   | maximum       | *c)* 5)),   | o    |
|        |           | to-Earth) | isotropic     | and the     | pera |
|        |           | in Region | gain greater  | space       | ting |
|        |           | 1,\       | than or equal | station     | in   |
|        |           | 17.8      | to 64 dBi for | emission    | s    |
|        |           | ‑18.6 GHz | the frequency | bandwidth   | atel |
|        |           | (space-t  | bands         | (Appendix   | lite |
|        |           | o-Earth), | 10.7‑12.75    | S4 C.7      | netw |
|        |           | and       | GHz or 68 dBi | *a)*) in    | orks |
|        |           | 19.7‑20.2 | for the       | the         | u    |
|        |           | GHz       | frequency     | g           | sing |
|        |           | (space-   | bands         | eostationar | the  |
|        |           | to-Earth) | 17.8‑18.6 GHz | y-satellite | geo  |
|        |           |           | and 19.7‑20.2 | network as  | stat |
|        |           |           | GHz;          | given in    | iona |
|        |           |           |               | Appendix    | ry-s |
|        |           |           | b\) G/T of 44 | **S4**      | atel |
|        |           |           | dB/K or       | data; and   | lite |
|        |           |           | higher;       |             | or   |
|        |           |           |               |             | bit. |
+--------+-----------+-----------+---------------+-------------+------+
|        |           |           | c\) space     | iii\) use   |      |
|        |           |           | station       | the         |      |
|        |           |           | emission      | EPFD~down~  |      |
|        |           |           | bandwidth of  | radiated by |      |
|        |           |           | 250 MHz or    | the non‑GSO |      |
|        |           |           | higher for    | FSS system  |      |
|        |           |           | the frequency | into the    |      |
|        |           |           | bands         | earth       |      |
|        |           |           | 10.7‑12.75    | station     |      |
|        |           |           | GHz or 800    | employing   |      |
|        |           |           | MHz or higher | the very    |      |
|        |           |           | for the       | large       |      |
|        |           |           | frequency     | antenna     |      |
|        |           |           | bands\        | when this   |      |
|        |           |           | 17.8‑18.6 GHz | antenna is  |      |
|        |           |           | and\          | pointed     |      |
|        |           |           | 1             | towards the |      |
|        |           |           | 9.7‑20.2 GHz: | wanted GSO  |      |
|        |           |           | and           | satellite.  |      |
|        |           |           |               |             |      |
|        |           |           | iii\) the     |             |      |
|        |           |           | EPFD~down~    |             |      |
|        |           |           | from the      |             |      |
|        |           |           | satellite     |             |      |
|        |           |           | system using  |             |      |
|        |           |           | the           |             |      |
|        |           |           | non-          |             |      |
|        |           |           | geostationary |             |      |
|        |           |           | orbit         |             |      |
|        |           |           | exceeds:      |             |      |
|        |           |           |               |             |      |
|        |           |           | a\) either    |             |      |
|        |           |           | --174.5\      |             |      |
|        |           |           | dB(W/(m^2^•40 |             |      |
|        |           |           | kHz)) for any |             |      |
|        |           |           | percentage of |             |      |
|        |           |           | time or \[x\] |             |      |
|        |           |           | dB(W/(m^2^•40 |             |      |
|        |           |           | kHz)) for     |             |      |
|        |           |           | \[y\]% of the |             |      |
|        |           |           | time in the   |             |      |
|        |           |           | frequency     |             |      |
|        |           |           | band          |             |      |
|        |           |           | 10.7-12.75    |             |      |
|        |           |           | GHz           |             |      |
|        |           |           |               |             |      |
|        |           |           | b\) either    |             |      |
|        |           |           | --151         |             |      |
|        |           |           | dB(           |             |      |
|        |           |           | W/(m^2^•MHz)) |             |      |
|        |           |           | for any       |             |      |
|        |           |           | percentage of |             |      |
|        |           |           | time or       |             |      |
|        |           |           | \[x\'\]       |             |      |
|        |           |           | dB(           |             |      |
|        |           |           | W/(m^2^•MHz)) |             |      |
|        |           |           | for \[y\'\]%  |             |      |
|        |           |           | of the time   |             |      |
|        |           |           | in the        |             |      |
|        |           |           | frequency     |             |      |
|        |           |           | bands         |             |      |
|        |           |           | 17.8‑18.6 GHz |             |      |
|        |           |           | or            |             |      |
|        |           |           | 1             |             |      |
|        |           |           | 9.7‑20.2 GHz. |             |      |
+--------+-----------+-----------+---------------+-------------+------+

**Reasons:** This is consequential to ADD **S9.7A** and **S9.7B**.

######## Resolution 131 (WRC-97): Power Flux-Density limits applicable to non-GSO FSS systems for protection of terrestrial services in the bands 10.7 -- 12.75 GHz and 17.7 -- 19.3 GHz;

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[El Salvador\], \[Grenada\],
\[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\],
\[Mexico\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint
Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\],
\[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

**Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, United States**

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** WRC-97 provisionally adopted
pfd limits to be applied to non-GSO FSS systems operating in these
bands. In the 10.7 -- 12.75 GHz band, WRC-97 applied the existing limits
to both GSO and non-GSO systems, subject to further study by the ITU-R
under Resolution **131** (WRC-97). In the 17.7 -- 19.3 GHz, WRC-97
adopted more stringent pfd limits for non-GSO FSS systems with more than
100 satellites.

Many studies were performed in WP4-9S and by the JTG4-9-11 to determine
the appropriate pfd limits to be applied to non-GSO FSS systems in the
aforementioned bands. The intent was to find suitable pfd limits that
would ensure protection of the fixed service without unduly constraining
the development of either service.

At the most recent meeting of the JTG4-9-11, the experts present agreed
to limits for both frequency bands.

In the 10.7 -- 12.75 GHz range, the JTG concluded that the current
limits in Article **S21** are sufficient to protect the FS on the basis
of the assumptions used in the studies. The JTG also recommended the use
of a 1-MHz reference bandwidth for non-GSO system. The conclusions of
the JTG4-9-11 are summarized below.

The current RR Article **S21** per satellite pfd limits, as defined
below and as discussed more fully in draft new Rec. ITU-T SF.\[Doc.
4-9S/AI\](Submitted to RA-2000 for approval), are adequate for the
protection of the FS in the 10.7-12.75 GHz band from aggregate
interference from three assumed non-homogeneous, non-GSO FSS systems.
Moreover, the contribution of GSO interference to the sharing has been
shown as not being significant. Studies support and validate this
conclusion. These results would remain valid if the number of non-GSO
FSS systems were in the range 3 to 5.

-   in the 10.7-11.7 GHz band :

    -126 dB(W/m^2^) per 1 MHz for 0° ≤ δ \< 5°\
    -126+(δ-5)/2 dB(W/m^2^) per 1 MHz for 5° ≤ δ \< 25°\
    -116 dB(W/m^2^) per 1 MHz for 25° ≤ δ \< 90°

    where δ is the angle of arrival above the horizontal plane.

-   in the 11.7-12.75 GHz band :

> -124 dB(W/m^2^) per 1 MHz for 0° ≤ δ \< 5°\
> -124+(δ-5)/2 dB(W/m^2^) per 1 MHz for 5° ≤ δ \< 25°\
> -114 dB(W/m^2^) per 1 MHz for 25° ≤ δ \< 90°
>
> where δ is the angle of arrival above the horizontal plane.

In the 17.7 -- 19.3 GHz range, the conclusion of the JTG was that a
tightening of the original Article S21 pfd limits for non-GSO FSS with
large constellations (over 50 satellites) would ensure protection of the
fixed service while not unduly constraining the development of non-GSO
FSS systems. The JTG conclusion were:

The following per satellite pfd limits (also described in draft new Rec.
ITU-R SF.\[Doc. 4-9S/TEMP/94\]) (Submitted to RA-2000 for approval) are
adequate for the protection of the FS in the 17.7 -- 19.3 GHz band from
aggregate interference from three assumed non-homogeneous non-GSO FSS
systems Moreover, the contribution of GSO interference to the sharing
has been shown as not being significant. Studies support and validate
this conclusion. These results would remain valid if the number of
non-GSO FSS systems were in the range 3 to 5.

-115 - X dB(W/m^2^) per MHz for 0° ≤ δ \< 5°

-115 -- X +((10 + X)/20)(δ-5) dB(W/m^2^) per MHz for 5° ≤ δ \< 25°

-105 dB(W/m^2^) per MHz for 25° ≤ δ \< 90°

where δ is the angle of arrival above the horizontal plane and X is
defined as a function of the number of satellites in the non-GSO FSS
constellation, N, as follows:

> -- for N ≤ 50 ![](media/image2.wmf){width="0.4576388888888889in"
> height="0.19375in"} (dB)
>
> -- for 50 \< N ≤ 288 ![](media/image3.wmf){width="1.207638888888889in"
> height="0.42986111111111114in"} (dB)
>
> -- for N \> 288 ![](media/image4.wmf){width="1.2354166666666666in"
> height="0.42986111111111114in"} (dB)

The scaling function, X, was developed on the basis of non-GSO FSS
constellations with 96, 288 and 840 satellites. Further simulations with
different non-GSO FSS constellations comprising a wide range in the
number of satellites (63, 126, 189, 252, and 504 satellites) and using
the conservative pfd mask simulation method have confirmed the adequacy
of this scaling function.

Further studies by some CITEL Administrations have shown that the
interference levels obtained using the simple pfd mask methodologies
used in the ITU-R studies are higher than those obtained using a more
realistic modelling of the pfd entries. CITEL Administrations support
the above pfd limits while noting that because of the operational
characteristics of the non-GSO networks, interference margins will be
present.

**CITEL Objective**: CITEL's objective is to ensure that the pfd limits
in the bands 10.7 --12.75 GHz and 17.8 -- 19.3 GHz will provide adequate
protection of the terrestrial services while not unduly constraining the
design of non-GSO FSS networks. Since the studies conducted in ITU-R
indicate that both objectives have been achieved with the masks proposed
by the JTG 4-9-11, these limits should be adopted in Article S21 of the
Radio Regulations.

**Proposal(s)**:

1.  It is proposed to retain the current **S21** PFD limits in the
    10.7-12.75 GHz range, but scaling to a 1-MHz reference bandwidth for
    non-GSO systems and remove references to further studies.

2.  It is proposed to adopt the compromise **S21** PFD limits in the
    17.7-19.3 GHz band agreed to by the JTG4-9-11 and remove references
    to further studies.

3.  As a consequence, it is proposed to delete Resolution **131**
    (WRC-97)

4.  Changes in the frequency band column referring to S5.494 and S5.496
    is required because the FS is allocated in all countries of Region
    3.

TABLE **S21-4** *(continued)*

Note: Only the portions of the table that were change were reproduced.

+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+-------+--------+
| Frequency    | Service\*    | Limit   |           |       | Ref    |
| band         |              | in      |           |       | erence |
|              |              | d       |           |       |        |
|              |              | B(W/m2) |           |       |        |
|              |              | for     |           |       |        |
|              |              | angle\  |           |       |        |
|              |              | of      |           |       |        |
|              |              | arrival |           |       |        |
|              |              | ()      |           |       |        |
|              |              | above   |           |       |        |
|              |              | the     |           |       |        |
|              |              | hor     |           |       |        |
|              |              | izontal |           |       |        |
|              |              | plane   |           |       |        |
+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+-------+--------+
|              |              | 0°-5°   | 5°-25°    | 25    | ban    |
|              |              |         |           | °-90° | dwidth |
+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+-------+--------+
| > 10.7-11.7  | > Fixe       | > -     | > --150 + | >     | > 4    |
| > GHz        | d-satellite\ | -150  ~ | > 0.5(--  | --140 | > kHz  |
|              | > (space     | ~^14^~~ | > 5)      |   ~~^ |        |
|              | -to-Earth)[, |         |  ~~^14^~~ | 14^~~ |        |
|              | >            |         |           |       |        |
|              |  geostationa |         |           |       |        |
|              | ry-satellite |         |           |       |        |
|              | > orbit]     |         |           |       |        |
|              | {.underline} |         |           |       |        |
+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+-------+--------+
| > [10.7 --   | > [Fix       | > [-12  | > [-126 + | > [-1 | >      |
| > 11.7       | ed-satellite | 6]{.und | >         | 16]{. | [1MHz] |
| > GHz]       | > (spac      | erline} |  0.5]{.un | under | {.unde |
| {.underline} | e-to-Earth), |         | derline}( | line} | rline} |
|              | > non        |         | > [--     |       |        |
|              | -geostationa |         | > 5) ]{.u |       |        |
|              | ry-satellite |         | nderline} |       |        |
|              | > orbit]     |         |           |       |        |
|              | {.underline} |         |           |       |        |
+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+-------+--------+
| > 11.7-12.5  | > Fixe       | >       | --~~148 + | > ~   | > ~~4  |
| > GHz\       | d-satellite\ | ~~-148  | 0.5( --   | ~-138 | >      |
| > (Region 1) | > (space     |  ^15^~~ | 5         | > ^   |  kHz~~ |
| >            | -to-Earth),\ | >       | )  ^15^~~ | 15^~~ | >      |
| > [12.5 --   | > non        | > [-12  |           | >     | >      |
| > 12.75 GHz  | -geostationa | 4]{.und | > [-124 + | > [-1 | [1MHz] |
| > (Region 1  | ry-satellite | erline} | >         | 14]{. | {.unde |
| > countries  | > orbit      |         |  0.5]{.un | under | rline} |
| > listed in  |              |         | derline}( | line} |        |
| > Nos.       |              |         | > [--     |       |        |
| > **S5.494** |              |         | > 5) ]{.u |       |        |
| > and        |              |         | nderline} |       |        |
| >            |              |         |           |       |        |
| **S5.496**)] |              |         |           |       |        |
| {.underline} |              |         |           |       |        |
| >            |              |         |           |       |        |
| > 11.7       |              |         |           |       |        |
| -12.~~2~~[7] |              |         |           |       |        |
| {.underline} |              |         |           |       |        |
| > GHz\       |              |         |           |       |        |
| > (Region 2) |              |         |           |       |        |
| >            |              |         |           |       |        |
| > 11.7-      |              |         |           |       |        |
| 12.~~2~~[75] |              |         |           |       |        |
| {.underline} |              |         |           |       |        |
| > GHz\       |              |         |           |       |        |
| > (Region 3) |              |         |           |       |        |
| >            |              |         |           |       |        |
| >            |              |         |           |       |        |
|  ~~12.2-12.7 |              |         |           |       |        |
| > GHz\       |              |         |           |       |        |
| > (Region    |              |         |           |       |        |
| > 2)~~       |              |         |           |       |        |
+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+-------+--------+
| >            | > Fixe       | > -     | > --148 + | >     | > 4    |
|  12.2-12.~~5 | d-satellite\ | -148  ~ | > 0.5( -- | --138 | > kHz  |
| ~~[75]{.unde | > (space-    | ~^14^~~ | > 5)      |   ~~^ |        |
| rline} GHz7\ | to-Earth)[,] |         | ~~^14^~~  | 14^~~ |        |
| > (Region 3) | {.underline} |         |           |       |        |
| >            | >            |         |           |       |        |
| > 12.5       | [geostationa |         |           |       |        |
| -12.75 GHz7\ | ry-satellite |         |           |       |        |
| > (Region 1  | > orbit]     |         |           |       |        |
| > ~~and      | {.underline} |         |           |       |        |
| > Region 3~~ |              |         |           |       |        |
| > countries  |              |         |           |       |        |
| > listed in\ |              |         |           |       |        |
| > Nos.       |              |         |           |       |        |
| >            |              |         |           |       |        |
|  **S5.494**\ |              |         |           |       |        |
| > and        |              |         |           |       |        |
| >            |              |         |           |       |        |
|  **S5.496**) |              |         |           |       |        |
+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+-------+--------+
| > 17.        | > Fixe       | > --1   | > --115 + | >     | > 1    |
| 7-19.3 GHz7, | d-satellite\ | 15^[aa] | > 0.5( -- |  --10 | > MHz  |
| > 8          | > (spa       | {.under | > 5)^     | 5^[aa |        |
|              | ce-to-Earth) | line}^\ | [aa]{.und | ]{.un |        |
|              | >            | > or\   | erline}^\ | derli |        |
|              | >            | > ~~    | > or\     | ne}^\ |        |
|              | Meteorologic | --125~~ | >         | > or\ |        |
|              | al-satellite | >       | --~~125 + | >     |        |
|              | > (spa       | > [-115 | > ( --    |  --10 |        |
|              | ce-to-Earth) | > --    | > 5)~~    | 5  12 |        |
|              |              | > X]{.  | >         |       |        |
|              |              | underli | > [-115   |       |        |
|              |              | ne}  12 | > -- X +  |       |        |
|              |              |         | > ((10 +  |       |        |
|              |              |         | > X)/20)  |       |        |
|              |              |         | > ( --    |       |        |
|              |              |         | > 5       |       |        |
|              |              |         | ) ]{.unde |       |        |
|              |              |         | rline} 12 |       |        |
+--------------+--------------+---------+-----------+-------+--------+

**^aa^ S21.16.6bis.** These limits apply to emissions of a space station
on a meteorological-satellite and on a geostationary FSS satellite.
These limits also apply to emissions of a space station on a
non-geostationary FSS satellite in the band 18.8-19.3 GHz for which
complete coordination or notification information has been received by
the Radiocommunication Bureau by 17 November 1995, or are in operation
by that date (WRC-00).

**Reason:** the above regulatory text (as contained in the CPM Report)
reflects the date-specific provisions currently in Resolution 131.

^12^ **S21.16.6** ~~These values shall apply provisionally only to
emissions of space stations on non-geostationary satellites in networks
operating with a large number of satellites, that is systems operating
with more than 100 satellites (see Resolution **131 (WRC-97)**).
(WRC-97)~~  [The function X is defined as a function of the number, N,
of satellites in the non-GSO FSS constellation as follows:]{.underline}

> [-- for N ≤ 50]{.underline}
> ![](media/image2.wmf){width="0.4576388888888889in" height="0.19375in"}
> [(dB)]{.underline}
>
> [-- for 50 \< N ≤ 288]{.underline}
> ![](media/image3.wmf){width="1.207638888888889in"
> height="0.42986111111111114in"} [(dB)]{.underline}
>
> [-- for N \> 288]{.underline}
> ![](media/image4.wmf){width="1.2354166666666666in"
> height="0.42986111111111114in"} [(dB)]{.underline}   

[In the band 18.8-19.3 GHz, these limits apply to emissions of a space
station on a non‑geostationary FSS satellite for which complete
coordination or notification information, as appropriate, has been
received by the Radiocommunication Bureau after 17 November 1995, and
which were not operational by that date.]{.underline}
[(WRC-00)]{.underline} 

**Reason:** The above regulatory text (as contained in the CPM Report)
maintains the original limits for non-GSO FSS systems in the band
18.8-19.3 GHz that were notified or operational prior to the end of
WRC-95 per the decisions in Resolution 131 (WRC-97). In the band
17.7-18.8 GHz, the new limits would apply to all non-GSO systems
irrespective of the date of receipt of information or date of bringing
into operation

^14^ **S21.16.8** ~~Although these limits apply to both geostationary
and non-geostationary satellites in the fixed-satellite service, values
for non-geostationary-satellite systems require further study (see
Resolution **131** (WRC-97)). (WRC-97)~~ 

^15^ **S21.16.9** ~~These values require further study (see Resolution
**131 (WRC‑97)**).    (WRC-97)~~

~~RESOLUTION **131 (WRC-97)**~~

**Power flux-density limits applicable to non-geostationary
fixed-satellite\
service systems for protection of terrestrial services in the\
bands 10.7-12.75 GHz and 17.7-19.3 GHz**

> **Reasons**: Replaces the provisional pfd limits in Table **S21-4**
> with the values that, as a result of extensive ITU-R studies, were
> agreed by WP 4-9S and JTG 4-9-11. **ADD^aa^ S21.16.6bis,** and a
> corresponding change in **MOD**12 **S21.16.6,** specify the dates of
> application of the pfd limits in conformance with the dates
> established in **RES131**. Footnotes **S21.16.8**, **S21.16.9**, and
> **RES131** are no longer required.

\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.13.2

####### to consider the inclusion in other frequency bands of similar limits in Articles S21 and S22, or other regulatory approaches to be applied in relation to sharing situations;

**Proposals submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Colombia\], \[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[El Salvador\],
\[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\],
\[Jamaica\], \[Mexico\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\],
\[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St.
Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\],
\[Venezuela\]

**Canada, Ecuador, United States**

**Proposal(s):**

There have been no technical studies carried out in frequency bands
other than those considered under Agenda Item 1.13.1. Consequently,
there should not be any limits adopted in Article **S22** for frequency
bands other than those identified in Resolutions **130** (WRC-97) and
**538** (WRC-97) per Agenda Item 1.13.1.

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.14

####### 

####### To review the results of the studies on the feasibility of implementing non-GSO MSS feeder links in the 15.43-15.63 GHz in accordance with Resolution 123 (WRC-97).

**[Background Information:]{.underline}** Studies conducted subject to
Resolution **123 (WRC-97)** dealt with two aspects

1\. Need for the allocation to non-GSO MSS feeder links in the band
15.43-15.63 GHz (space-to-Earth);

2\. feasibility of implementing non-GSO MSS feeder links in the band
15.43-15.63 GHz (space-to-Earth) regarding protection of RAS, EESS
(passive) and SRS (passive) operating in the band 15.35-15.4 GHz.

The ITU-R studies concluded that the space-to-Earth operation of non-GSO
MSS feeder links in parts of the 15.43-15.63 band is significantly
difficult and sometimes impossible, due to technical limitations that
would have to be imposed on the feeder links.

The ITU-R studies complied with the Res. **123 (WRC-97)** provisions
completely and hence covered all issues related to Agenda item 1.14.
Taking into account that Res. **123 (WRC-97)** has attained its
objectives and aims, it would be appropriate to suppress it.

The results of the studies, as reported in the CPM report, showed that
it should be feasible to implement the existing non-GSO MSS feeder
downlinks in the band 15.43-15.63 GHz taking into account the protection
requirements for RAS and other passive services in this band. Providing
that the existing non-GSO MSS feeder downlinks systems planning to use
this band can provide the required protection to the passive services,
the ITU-R studies did not identify any additional technical or
operational disadvantages with respect to the existing systems.

The CPM report also concludes that, for future non-GSO MSS systems using
the space-to-Earth allocation at 15.43-15.63 GHz substantial mitigation
techniques would be required to adequately protect the RAS from harmful
interference.

The technical studies also concluded that, because of high levels of
suppression of out-of-band emissions required, use of the band
15.43-15.63 GHz for space-to-Earth feeder links should not extend beyond
non-GSO MSS satellite networks for which advanced publication
information has been received by the Bureau prior to WRC-2000.

Common CITEL proposals were developed to reflect this point of views.

**Proposals submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[El Salvador\], \[Grenada\],
\[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\],
\[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\],
\[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\],
\[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

**Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, United States**

####  {#section-23 .unnumbered}

#### Remove the 15.43-15.63 GHz space-to-Earth allocation from the Tables of Article RR S5

> GHz

+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| Allocation to        |                      |                       |
| services             |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| Region 1             | Region 2             | Region 3              |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| > 15.43 -- 15. 63    |                      |                       |
| >                    |                      |                       |
| > FIXED SATELLITE    |                      |                       |
| >                    |                      |                       |
| ~~(space-to-Earth)~~ |                      |                       |
| > (Earth-to-space)   |                      |                       |
| > **MOD** S5.511A    |                      |                       |
| >                    |                      |                       |
| > AERONAUTICAL       |                      |                       |
| > RADIONAVIGATION    |                      |                       |
| >                    |                      |                       |
| > S5.511C            |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+

> Suppress Resolution 123
>
> **~~RESOLUTION 123 (WRC-97)~~**
>
> **~~Feasibility of implementing feeder links of non-geostationary
> satellite networks in the mobile-satellite service in the band 15.43
> -- 15.63 GHz (space-to-earth) while taking into account the protection
> of the radio astronomy service, the earth exploration-satellite
> (passive) service and the space research (passive) service in the band
> 15.35 -- 15.4 GHz~~**
>
> Modify **S5.511A** as follows:
>
> **S5.511A** Use of the band 15.43-15.63 GHz by the fixed satellite
> service ~~(space-to-Earth) (see Resolution **123 (WRC-97**)) and~~
> Earth-to-space is limited to feeder links of non-geostationary systems
> in the mobile-satellite service, subject to coordination under No.
> **S911A**.
>
> In the space-to-Earth direction the use of this band is limited to
> feeder links of non-GSO MSS systems for which advanced publication
> information has been received prior to WRC-2000 the minimum earth
> station elevation angle above and gain towards the local horizontal
> plane and the minimum coordination distances to protect an earth
> station from harmful interference shall be in accordance with
> Recommendation ITU-R S.1341. Also in the space-to-Earth direction,
> harmful interference shall not be caused to stations of the radio
> astronomy service using the band 15.35-15.4 GHz. The threshold levels
> of interference and associated power flux-density limits, which are
> detrimental to the radio astronomy service, are given in
> Recommendation ITU-R RA.769-1 for 98% of the time. Special measures
> will need to be employed to protect the radio astronomy service in the
> band 15.35-15.4 GHz. ~~(WRC-97)~~

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.15.1

####### to consider new allocations to the radionavigation-satellite service in the range from 1 GHz to 6 GHz required to support developments

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Canada\], \[Chile\], \[Costa
Rica\], \[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Ecuador\] \[El
Salvador\], \[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\],
\[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Mexico\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\],
\[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and
Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

Colombia, United States

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** Additional
Radionavigation-Satellite Service (RNSS) signals will greatly enhance
the accuracy, reliability and robustness of the civil Global Positioning
System (GPS) by enabling more effective corrections to be made for the
time delay effects of the ionosphere on the signals from space. The
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has stated the
requirement for an additional civil signal on GPS to support Global
Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) requirements and for space-based
augmentation systems. A requirement for aeronautical users is having the
protected signal operate within radio spectrum allocated to the
Aeronautical Radionavigation Service (ARNS), which would also include
the possibility of terrestrial augmentation systems.

The United States has identified a third signal at 1 176.45 MHz to
support GNSS developments. The third signal is proposed to be an
international civil aviation safety-of-life service signal with a
required bandwidth 24 MHz. Technical studies show compatibility between
existing operational ARNS systems and the proposed new signal at
1 176.45 MHz. The power levels and signal structure will allow the
operation of a relatively large number of co-frequency satellite and
terrestrial stations to be in view of an RNSS receiver.

The Member States of CITEL also note that the report of the Preparatory
Meeting of the Conference, CPM-99, identifies certain additional bands,
which are options that may be taken into account to support the
development of other GNSS systems.

Proposal(s):

Section IV -- Table of Frequency Allocations

MHz

960-1 215

+-----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| Allocation to         |                      |                      |
| services              |                      |                      |
+-----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| Region 1              | Region 2             | Region 3             |
+-----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| **960-1 215**         |                      |                      |
| AERONAUTICAL          |                      |                      |
| RADIONAVIGATION       |                      |                      |
|                       |                      |                      |
| **MOD** S5.328        |                      |                      |
+-----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+

> **S5.328** The band 960 - 1 215 MHz is reserved on a worldwide basis
> for the use and development of airborne electronic aids to air
> navigation and any directly associated ground-based [and
> satellite-borne]{.underline} facilities. [In the 1 164 - 1 188 MHz
> portion of this band, the radionavigation-satellite service
> (space-to-Earth) is also allocated worldwide on a primary basis. In
> this band stations of the radionavigation-satellite services, but not
> in the aeronautical radionavigation-satellite service, shall not cause
> harmful interference to, or claim protection from, stations of the
> aeronautical radionavigation and aeronautical
> radionavigation-satellite services.]{.underline}

**Reasons:** Additional Radionavigation-Satellite Service (RNSS) signals
will greatly enhance the accuracy, reliability and robustness of the
civil Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) by enabling more
effective corrections to be made for the time delay effects of the
ionosphere on the signals from space.

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.15.2

####### to consider the addition of the space-to-space direction to the radionavigation-satellite service allocations in the bands 1 215 -1 260 and 1 559 - 1610 MHz

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Canada\], \[Chile\], \[Costa
Rica\], \[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Ecuador\] \[El
Salvador\], \[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\],
\[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\],
\[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St.
Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\],
\[Venezuela\]

Colombia, Mexico, United States

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** Radionavigation-Satellite
Service (RNSS) systems such as the Global Positioning System and Global
Navigation Satellite System are primarily being used in the
space-to-Earth direction to provide service to terrestrial users. These
systems are, however, also increasingly being used in the space-to-space
direction by spaceborne users for such applications as spacecraft
three-dimensional positioning and velocity determination; three-axis
attitude control; precise time synchronization; precision orbit
determination, and atmospheric science. The use of RNSS signals is
presently protected only through a space-to-Earth allocation in the
1 215 - 1 260 and 1 559 - 1 610 MHz bands. Recognizing current and
future operational usage of spaceborne RNSS receivers for scientific and
commercial applications, it is important to add the space-to-space
direction to the existing RNSS allocations so that these uses can be
taken into consideration when changes to the use of these bands are
contemplated.

Interference studies have been conducted to assess the sensitivity of
spaceborne RNSS receivers to interference from radiolocation, Earth
exploration-satellite (active), space research (active), fixed, mobile
and aeronautical radionavigation services in the 1 215 - 1 260 MHz band;
from the aeronautical radionavigation and fixed services in the 1 559 -
1 610 MHz band; and also their sensitivity to intra-service interference
between radionavigation satellite service systems in these two bands.

The ITU-R has concluded that the addition of a space-to-space direction
to the 1 215 - 1 260 MHz and 1 559 - 1 610 MHz RNSS bands will not cause
any additional interference to other services since it involves no
change to the space-to-Earth transmissions.

Studies demonstrate that RNSS spaceborne receivers can operate
satisfactorily in the presence of interference caused by systems in
other services as well as other RNSS systems. Potential interference
from services in adjacent bands was also examined.

Existing coordination procedures are adequate for space-to-space
operations and no additional protection will be required.

**Proposal(s):**

+---------------------+-----------------------+------------------------+
| **MHz\              |                       |                        |
| 1 215 -- 1 260**    |                       |                        |
+---------------------+-----------------------+------------------------+
| Allocation to       |                       |                        |
| Services            |                       |                        |
+---------------------+-----------------------+------------------------+
| Region 1            | Region 2              | Region 3               |
+---------------------+-----------------------+------------------------+
| **1 215-1 240**     |                       |                        |
| EARTH               |                       |                        |
| EX                  |                       |                        |
| PLORATION-SATELLITE |                       |                        |
| (active)            |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| RADIOLOCATION       |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| RADION              |                       |                        |
| AVIGATION-SATELLITE |                       |                        |
| (space-to-Earth)    |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| > [(space-to-       |                       |                        |
| space)]{.underline} |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| SPACE RESEARCH      |                       |                        |
| (active)            |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| > S5.329  S5.       |                       |                        |
| 330  S5.331  S5.332 |                       |                        |
+---------------------+-----------------------+------------------------+
| **1 240-1 260**     |                       |                        |
| EARTH               |                       |                        |
| EX                  |                       |                        |
| PLORATION-SATELLITE |                       |                        |
| (active)            |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| RADIOLOCATION       |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| RADION              |                       |                        |
| AVIGATION-SATELLITE |                       |                        |
| (space-to-Earth)    |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| > [(space-to-       |                       |                        |
| space)]{.underline} |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| SPACE RESEARCH      |                       |                        |
| (active)            |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| Amateur             |                       |                        |
|                     |                       |                        |
| S5.329              |                       |                        |
| S5.330  S5.331  S5. |                       |                        |
| 332  S5.334  S5.335 |                       |                        |
+---------------------+-----------------------+------------------------+

> **Reasons:** Provide an allocation for space-to-space use for RNSS,
> which will ensure the protection of space-based RNSS receivers.

+-------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
| **MHz\      |                       |                               |
| 1 559 -- 1  |                       |                               |
| 610**       |                       |                               |
+-------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
| Allocation  |                       |                               |
| to Services |                       |                               |
+-------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
| Region 1    | Region 2              | Region 3                      |
+-------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+
| **1 559     |                       |                               |
|  -- 1 610** |                       |                               |
|             |                       |                               |
| A           |                       |                               |
| ERONAUTICAL |                       |                               |
| RADI        |                       |                               |
| ONAVIGATION |                       |                               |
|             |                       |                               |
| RAD         |                       |                               |
| IONAVIGATIO |                       |                               |
| N-SATELLITE |                       |                               |
| (spac       |                       |                               |
| e-to-Earth) |                       |                               |
|             |                       |                               |
| > [(space-  |                       |                               |
| to-space)]{ |                       |                               |
| .underline} |                       |                               |
| >           |                       |                               |
| > S5.341    |                       |                               |
| > S5.355    |                       |                               |
| > S5.359    |                       |                               |
| > S5.363    |                       |                               |
+-------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+

> **Reasons:** Provide an allocation for space-to-space use for RNSS,
> which will ensure the protection of space-based RNSS receivers.

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.16

####### to consider allocations of frequency bands above 71 GHz to the earth-exploration satellite (passive) and radio astronomy services, taking into account Resolution 723

######## Proposal to modify the allocations above 71 GHz

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\], \[Belize\],
\[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Canada\], \[Chile\], \[Colombia\],\[Costa
Rica\], \[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Ecuador\] \[El
Salvador\], \[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\],
\[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\],
\[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St.
Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\],
\[Venezuela\]

**Argentina, Mexico, United States**

**[Background Information:]{.underline}** The following proposals modify
many of the allocation tables above 71 GHz to accommodate the
requirements of the radio astronomy and earth-exploration satellite
(passive) services, while giving consideration to the needs of other
services. The modifications to the allocation tables maintain the
aggregate amount of spectrum allocated to the displaced services
(including the fixed-satellite service), provide frequency blocks 5-9
GHz wide to accommodate future wideband multimedia systems while taking
into account differences in atmospheric attenuation, and provide
appropriate separation between services.

Resolutions XXX and YYY address the need for future study between
co-allocated active services and between active and passive services at
such a time when the technical characteristics of the active services
become known. Also, CITEL may submit at a later date a corrigendum to
this proposal addressing allocations to active services within the bands
the bands 71-86 GHz.

**Proposal(s):**

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **71 -- 74**     |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **71 -- 74**     |                  |                  |
| 103        | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | >                |                  |                  |
|            |  FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | > ~~(E           |                  |                  |
|            | arth-to-space)~~ |                  |                  |
|            | > [(space-to-Ear |                  |                  |
|            | th)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | ~~(E             |                  |                  |
|            | arth-to-space)~~ |                  |                  |
|            | [(space-to-Ear   |                  |                  |
|            | th)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.149         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.556~~         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** MSS and FSS uplinks and downlinks in 71-74 GHz and 81-84 GHz
bands have been interchanged to avoid satellite downlinks in bands
needed by RAS. Atmospheric absorption is only slightly higher in 71-74
GHz band than in 81-84 GHz band. The RAS footnotes **S5.149** and
**S5.556** have been deleted in favor of allocations above 76 GHz. The
reference to the 72.77-72.91 GHz band in footnotes **S5.149** and
**S5.556** has been deleted.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **74 -- 76**     |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **74 -- 75.5**   |                  |                  |
| 104         | [BRO             |                  |                  |
|             | ADCASTING-SATELL |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > FIXED          |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > ~              |                  |                  |
|             | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | > (E             |                  |                  |
|             | arth-to-space)~~ |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | [FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | > (space-to-Ear  |                  |                  |
|             | th)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > MOBILE         |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > Space Research |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | (space-to-Earth) |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > [**MOD**       |                  |                  |
|             | > S5.            |                  |                  |
|             | 561]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **75.5 -- 76**   |                  |                  |
| 105         | ~~AMATEUR~~      |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | > ~~AMA          |                  |                  |
|             | TEUR-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > [BRO           |                  |                  |
|             | ADCASTING-SATELL |                  |                  |
|             | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > [FI            |                  |                  |
|             | XED]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | [FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | > (space-to-Ear  |                  |                  |
|             | th)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > [MOB           |                  |                  |
|             | ILE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > Space Research |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | (space-to-Earth) |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD** S5.561  |                  |                  |
|             | **ADD**          |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | EEE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** BSS, which is currently allocated to the 84-86 GHz band, has
been relocated to this band to protect RAS above 76 GHz. Atmospheric
absorption is only slightly higher in 74-76 GHz band than in 84-86 GHz
band. Amateur and Amateur-Satellite allocations have been shifted to
80.5-81 GHz. The new footnote **S5.EEE** protects existing Amateur and
Amateur-Satellite operations in the 75.5-76 GHz band until the year
200\[X\]. The FSS (Earth-to-space) allocation has been moved to 84-86
GHz band. The proposed allocations in the 74-84 GHz range preserve a
contiguous 10 GHz space research downlink (secondary), which is required
for space VLBI purposes. The footnote **S5.561** has been modified to
recognize the change in BSS allocation.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **76 -- 81**     |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **               |                  |                  |
| 106         | 76 -- ~~81~~[77. |                  |                  |
|             | 5]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIOLOCATION    |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > Amateur        |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > A              |                  |                  |
|             | mateur-Satellite |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | Space Research   |                  |                  |
|             | (space-to-Earth) |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.560~~       |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **[77.5 -- 7     |                  |                  |
| 107         | 8]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
|             | [AMAT            |                  |                  |
| MOD         | EUR]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > [AMATEUR       |                  |                  |
|             | > SATELL         |                  |                  |
|             | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > ~              |                  |                  |
|             | ~RADIOLOCATION~~ |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > ~~Amateur~~    |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > ~~Ama          |                  |                  |
|             | teur-Satellite~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [Radio           |                  |                  |
|             | Astron           |                  |                  |
|             | omy]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | Space Research   |                  |                  |
|             | (space-to-Earth) |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.560~~       |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **[78 ]{.u       |                  |                  |
| 108         | nderline}-- 81** |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIOLOCATION    |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > Amateur        |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > A              |                  |                  |
|             | mateur-Satellite |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | Space Research   |                  |                  |
|             | (space-to-Earth) |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.560 [**MOD**  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The existing 76 - 81 GHz band has been divided into three
sub-bands. The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and **RES RAS**
satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line and wide
band continuum observations from remote locations world-wide in both the
76 - 77.5 GHz and 78 -- 81 GHz bands. Radio astronomy is added as a
secondary allocation in the 77.5 -- 78 GHz band. Amateur and
amateur-satellite services are shifted by 0.5 GHz, to accommodate BS,
FSS and MSS downlinks at the lower portion of atmospheric window, and to
avoid sharing with vehicular radars, which some Administrations have
authorized to operate in the 76-77 GHz band. There is no change in
sharing between services, except for introduction of RAS allocation in
the upper and lower sub-bands. These bands have been added to those
listed under **S5.149**. The footnote **S5.560** is deleted from the
76 - 77.5 and 77 - 78 GHz sub-bands, where it doesn\'t apply.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **81 -- 84**     |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **81 -- 84**     |                  |                  |
| 109         | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (s               |                  |                  |
|             | pace-to-Earth)~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | [FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | > (Earth-to-spa  |                  |                  |
|             | ce)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~               |                  |                  |
|             | MOBILE-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (s               |                  |                  |
|             | pace-to-Earth)~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > [              |                  |                  |
|             | MOBILE-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | > (Earth-to-spa  |                  |                  |
|             | ce)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > [RADIO         |                  |                  |
|             | > ASTRON         |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | Space research   |                  |                  |
|             | (space-to-Earth) |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD** S5.149  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | DDD]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The directions of MSS and FSS downlinks have been reversed
to allow radio astronomy observations. The uplinks are paired with the
71-74 GHz downlinks. The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and
**RES RAS** satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line
and wide band continuum observations from remote locations worldwide.
The footnote **S5.DDD** has been added to maintain the current amount of
secondary amateur and amateur-satellite spectrum. This band has been
added to footnote **S5.149**.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **84 -- 86**     |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **84 -- 86**     |                  |                  |
| 110         | BROADCASTING     |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | ~~BROADCAS       |                  |                  |
|             | TING-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (Earth-to-spa    |                  |                  |
|             | ce)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.561~~       |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The Broadcasting Satellite allocation has been relocated to
74-76 GHz band. The direction of satellite downlinks has been reversed
to allow radio astronomy observations. The uplink has been paired with
74-76 GHz downlink. The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and
**RES RAS** satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line
and wide band continuum observations from remote locations worldwide.
This band has been added to footnote **S5.149**. The **S5.561** footnote
is no longer relevant to this band; appropriately modified it now
applies to the 74-75.5 GHz and 75.5 - 76 GHz bands.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **86 -- 92**     |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/111 | **86 -- 92**     |                  |                  |
|             | EARTH            |                  |                  |
| **[NOC]{.u  | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| nderline}** | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIO ASTRONOMY  |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **MOD** S5.340   |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** This band is of crucial importance to the RAS, SR (passive)
and EES (passive) services; it is the window for the band around 118.75
GHz. No active services are acceptable in this band and no change in
current allocations is feasible.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **92 -- 94**     |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **92 -- 94**     |                  |                  |
| 112         | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (E               |                  |                  |
|             | arth-to-space)~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIOLOCATION    |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **MOD** S5.149   |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.556~~       |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and **RES RAS**
satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line and wide
band continuum observations from remote locations world-wide.
Previously, radio astronomy interest was recognised via footnote
**S5.556**. The FSS (Earth-to-space) allocation, no longer needed to
balance 102-105 GHz allocation, has been relocated to 71-76 GHz band.
This band has been added to those listed under **S5.149**. Footnote
**S5.556** has been deleted from this band, as it is no longer
necessary.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **94 -- 94.1**   |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **94 -- 94.1**   |                  |                  |
| 113         | EARTH            |                  |                  |
|             | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (active)         |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIOLOCATION    |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (active)         |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [Radio           |                  |                  |
|             | Astron           |                  |                  |
|             | omy]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.562           |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The radio astronomy service is secondary to the active
services. No change in sharing between services is proposed, except for
introduction of the RAS allocation in this band.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **94.1 -- 95**   |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **94.1 -- 95**   |                  |                  |
| 114         | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (E               |                  |                  |
|             | arth-to-space)~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIOLOCATION    |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **MOD** S5.149   |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.556~~       |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and **RES RAS**
satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line and wide
band continuum observations from remote locations world-wide. No change
in sharing between existing services, except for introduction of RAS
allocation in band. The FSS (Earth-to-space) allocation, no longer
needed to balance 102-105 GHz, has been relocated to 71-76 GHz band. The
footnote **S5.556** is deleted, as it is not relevant to this band
(should have been suppressed consequential to WRC-97 actions). This band
has been added to those listed under **S5.149**.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **95 -- 100**    |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/115 | **95 -- 100**    |                  |                  |
|             | [FIXED **MOD**   |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 553]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > MOBILE **MOD** |                  |                  |
|             | > S5.553         |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MO             |                  |                  |
|             | BILE-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIOLOCAT      |                  |                  |
|             | ION]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIONAVIGATION  |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIONAVI        |                  |                  |
|             | GATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~Radiolocation~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **MOD** S5.149   |                  |                  |
|             | **MOD** S5.554   |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.555~~       |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and **RES RAS**
satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line and wide
band continuum observations from remote locations world-wide.
Radiolocation has been upgraded to primary, consequential to the
addition of radio astronomy as a primary service. The mobile satellite
service is deleted, as it cannot share with the Radiolocation service.
This band has been added to those listed under **S5.149**. Footnote
**S5.555**, which allocates the 97.88-98.08 GHz sub-band to the RAS on a
primary basis has been deleted, and the band has been deleted from
footnote **S5.555**. The footnote **S5.553** has been modified to
include stations in the fixed service.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **100 -- 102**   |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **100 -- 102**   |                  |                  |
| 116         | EARTH            |                  |                  |
|             | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > [RADIO         |                  |                  |
|             | > ASTRON         |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and **RES RAS**
satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line and wide
band continuum observations from remote locations world-wide. There is
no change in sharing between services, except for introduction of RAS
allocation in band. This band is used by EES (passive) for limb sounding
of atmospheric constituents (NO line at 100.49 GHz). This band added to
those listed under **S5.149**.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **102 -- 105**   |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **102 -- 105**   |                  |                  |
| 117         | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | > ~              |                  |                  |
|             | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | > (s             |                  |                  |
|             | pace-to-Earth)~~ |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > MOBILE         |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > [RADIO         |                  |                  |
|             | > ASTRON         |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason**: The FSS allocation has been moved to 74-76 GHz band, to
eliminate downlinks in the middle of the atmospheric window needed for
radio astronomy observations. Atmospheric absorption in these two
windows is similar. The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and
**RES RAS** satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line
and wide band continuum observations from remote locations world-wide.
This band has been added to those listed under **S5.149.**

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **105 -- 109.5** |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **105            |                  |                  |
| 118         |  -- ~~116~~[109. |                  |                  |
|             | 5]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | ~~EARTH          |                  |                  |
|             | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)~~      |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > [FI            |                  |                  |
|             | XED]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [MOB             |                  |                  |
|             | ILE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIO ASTRONOMY  |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             | [5.              |                  |                  |
|             | CCC]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.340~~       |                  |                  |
|             | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The 105-116 GHz range has been divided into 4 sub-bands to
make additional spectrum available for other services and to adjust
other passive allocations to areas of the spectrum that are more
appropriate to meet scientific needs. Passive sensors have no known use
for, and do not need the band 105-109.5 GHz, so they have been deleted.
Fixed and mobile services have been added, relocated from 116 - 122.5
GHz band, where deletion of these services is needed to protect
essential passive sensor operations. Since this band is no longer
passive in nature, footnote **S5.340** should be deleted. This band is
added to those included under S5.149, to reflect the need to protect
radio astronomy in a band that is no longer passive. Footnote **S5.CCC**
is added to limit Space Research (passive) allocation to space-based
radio astronomy in this band.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **109.5 -- 111.8 |                  |                  |
|             | GHz**            |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **[109.5 -- 111. |                  |                  |
| 119         | 8]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
|             | EARTH            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIO ASTRONOMY  |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **MOD** S5.340   |                  |                  |
|             | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** It is essential to maintain this passive band. The **MOD**
refers to the band limits only; no change **[(NOC)]{.underline}** is
proposed to the allocations within this sub-band. This band contains an
ozone line at 110.8 GHz, which is used for microwave limb sounding. The
entire band is of vital importance to radio astronomy for observations
of the CO lines at 109.8 and 110.2 GHz, and continuum observations.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **111.8 --       |                  |                  |
|             | 114.25 GHz**     |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | *                |                  |                  |
| 120         | *[111.8 -- 114.2 |                  |                  |
|             | 5]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | ~~EARTH          |                  |                  |
|             | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)~~      |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [FI              |                  |                  |
|             | XED]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [MOB             |                  |                  |
|             | ILE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIO ASTRONOMY  |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             | [S5.             |                  |                  |
|             | CCC]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.340~~       |                  |                  |
|             | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Passive sensors do not need the band 111.8-114.25 GHz and
have been deleted. Fixed and mobile services are added to this band,
they were relocated from the 116 - 122.5 GHz band where deletion of
these services is needed to protect essential passive sensor operations.
This band is added to those included under **S5.149** to reflect the
need to protect radio astronomy in a band that is no longer passive. The
addition of the new footnote **S5.CCC** limits the Space Research
(passive) allocation to space-based radio astronomy in this band.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **114.25 \-- 116 |                  |                  |
|             | GHz**            |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **[114.25 ]{.un  |                  |                  |
| 121         | derline}-- 116** |                  |                  |
|             | EARTH            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIO ASTRONOMY  |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **MOD** S5.340   |                  |                  |
|             | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** It is essential to maintain this passive band. The **MOD**
refers to the band limits only; no change **[(NOC)]{.underline}** is
proposed to the allocations within this sub-band. The band 114.25-116
GHz is of vital importance to radio astronomy for observations of the
115.3 GHz CO line and is the first portion of the 114.25-122.25 GHz
oxygen absorption band which is required for remote sensing, with a peak
at 118.75 GHz.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | *                |                  |                  |
|             | *116 -- 122.25** |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | *                |                  |                  |
| 122         | *116 -- 119.98** |                  |                  |
|             | EARTH            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|             | [**ADD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | XXX]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MOBILE         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.558~~         |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.138~~       |                  |                  |
|             | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **11             |                  |                  |
| 123         | 9.98 -- 120.02** |                  |                  |
|             | EARTH            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|             | [**ADD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | XXX]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MOBILE         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.558~~         |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~Amateur~~      |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **120.02         |                  |                  |
| 124         |  -- 1~~26~~[22.2 |                  |                  |
|             | 5]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | EARTH            |                  |                  |
|             | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|             | [**ADD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | XXX]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MOBILE         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.558~~         |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.138           |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.341~~       |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason: This band is of crucial importance for passive sensing, as it
is comprised the majority of the necessary 114.25-122.25 GHz band, the
oxygen absorption band, with its peak at 118.75 GHz. The fixed and
mobile services have been moved down to 105 - 109.5 GHz and 111.8-114.25
GHz, as sharing with passive sensors would severely restrict these
services in this portion of the spectrum. The inter-satellite service
needs to be limited by footnote S5.XXX to links between GSO satellites
only, with pfd limits as specified in sharing studies in order to share
the band 116-122.25 GHz with passive sensors. The secondary allocation
to amateur services in the band 119.98-120.02 GHz is also moved to
122.5-123 GHz band to avoid interference to passive sensors.**

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **122.25 --      |                  |                  |
|             | 123**            |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **[122.25 -- 12  |                  |                  |
| 125         | 3]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
|             | ~~EARTH          |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)~~      |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > MOBILE **MOD** |                  |                  |
|             | > S5.558         |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > ~~SPACE        |                  |                  |
|             | > RESEARCH       |                  |                  |
|             | > (passive)~~    |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [Amat            |                  |                  |
|             | eur]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.138           |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.341~~       |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The passive sensor allocations have been deleted from this
band, as they are not needed for remote sensing applications. A
secondary amateur service allocation has been added to compensate for
the deletion of their allocation in the 119.98-120.02 GHz band.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **123 -- 126**   |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **[12            |                  |                  |
| 126         | 3]{.underline} - |                  |                  |
|             | 126** ~~EARTH    |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)~~      |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (space-to-Ear    |                  |                  |
|             | th)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > MOBILE **MOD** |                  |                  |
|             | > S5.558         |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > [MOBILE-SATELL |                  |                  |
|             | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > [RADIONAVIGAT  |                  |                  |
|             | ION]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > [RADION        |                  |                  |
|             | AVIGATION-SATELL |                  |                  |
|             | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~SPACE RESEARCH |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)~~      |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [Radio           |                  |                  |
|             | Astron           |                  |                  |
|             | omy]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.138         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.341~~         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** This band is not required for passive sensor operations and
those allocations have been deleted. Satellite downlinks from 141-153
GHz band have been moved to the 123-130 GHz band to avoid interference
to the radio astronomy service. The radio astronomy service is added on
a secondary basis, for possible use in wide-band continuum observations.
Sharing conditions between the ISS and the FSS, MSS, RNS and RNSS
services need to be developed, but no imminent use of the band by these
services is contemplated. The MSS directional indicator has been left
undefined. The footnotes **S5.138** and **S5.341** do not apply to this
band due to changed band limit, and are consequentially deleted.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **126 -- 130**   |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **               |                  |                  |
| 127         | 126 -- ~~134~~** |                  |                  |
|             | **[13            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | 0]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
|             | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [FIXED SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (space-to-Ear    |                  |                  |
|             | th)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~I              |                  |                  |
|             | NTER-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MOBILE         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.558~~         |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [MOBILE          |                  |                  |
|             | SATELL           |                  |                  |
|             | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~RADIOLOCATION  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.559~~         |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIONAVIGAT    |                  |                  |
|             | ION]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADION          |                  |                  |
|             | AVIGATION-SATELL |                  |                  |
|             | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [Radio           |                  |                  |
|             | Astron           |                  |                  |
|             | omy]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 554]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Satellite downlinks from 141-153 GHz band have been moved to
the 123-130 GHz band to avoid interference to the radio astronomy
service. The radio astronomy service is added on a secondary basis for
spectral line and wide-band continuum observations. The fixed, mobile,
inter-satellite and radiolocation allocations have been relocated to
improve sharing situations. Sharing conditions between the FSS, MSS, RNS
and RNSS services need to be developed, but no imminent use of the band
by these services is contemplated. The MSS directional indicator has
been left undefined. The footnote **S5.554** has been modified to
include this band.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **130 -- 134**   |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **[130]{.und     |                  |                  |
| 128         | erline} -- 134** |                  |                  |
|             | FIXED            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     |                  |                  |                  |
|             | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | MOBILE **MOD**   |                  |                  |
|             | S5.558           |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > [RADIO         |                  |                  |
|             | > ASTRON         |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             |  ~~RADIOLOCATION |                  |                  |
|             | > S5.559~~       |                  |                  |
|             | >                |                  |                  |
|             | > [MOD           |                  |                  |
|             | > S5.            |                  |                  |
|             | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and **RES RAS**
satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line and wide
band continuum observations from remote locations world-wide. Sharing
conditions between the RAS and the ISS need to be developed. Footnote
**S5.558** is modified to reflect new mobile service band limit.
Radiolocation service has been relocated, to improve sharing conditions.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **134 -- 136**   |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **134 -- ~~142~~ |                  |                  |
| 129         | [13              |                  |                  |
|             | 6]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| MOD         | [AMAT            |                  |                  |
|             | EUR]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [AMATEUR-SATELL  |                  |                  |
|             | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MOBILE         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.553~~         |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MO             |                  |                  |
|             | BILE-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~R              |                  |                  |
|             | ADIONAVIGATION~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~RADIONAVIGA    |                  |                  |
|             | TION-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [Radio           |                  |                  |
|             | Astron           |                  |                  |
|             | omy]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~Radiolocation~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.149 S5.340  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.554 S5.555~~  |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

Reason: The amateur and amateur-satellite services are moved here from
142-144 GHz band to avoid interference to radio astronomy at higher
frequencies. Radio astronomy is added as secondary service. All
footnotes are deleted, as they no longer apply to this band.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **136 -- 141**   |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **[136]{.un      |                  |                  |
| 130         | derline} --  [14 |                  |                  |
|             | 1]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | ~~MOBILE         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.553~~         |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MO             |                  |                  |
|             | BILE-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > [RADIOLOCAT    |                  |                  |
|             | ION]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~R              |                  |                  |
|             | ADIONAVIGATION~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~RADIONAVIGA    |                  |                  |
|             | TION-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [Amat            |                  |                  |
|             | eur]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [Amateur-Satell  |                  |                  |
|             | ite]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~Radiolocation~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **MOD** S5.149   |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.340 S5.554  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.555~~         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Services currently allocated to 144 -149 GHz band are moved
to this band to facilitate realignment. The addition of a radio
astronomy allocation and **RES RAS** satisfies the requirements for
radio astronomy spectral line and wide band continuum observations from
remote locations worldwide. This band added to those listed under
**S5.149**. Since this band is no longer passive, it is removed from
**S5.340**. The footnote **S5.554** no longer applies to this band and
is deleted. Footnote **S5.555** no longer needed, as the radio astronomy
service is allocated on a primary basis in the entire 136-141 GHz band.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **141 -- 148.5** |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **[141]{.unde    |                  |                  |
| 131         | rline} --  142** |                  |                  |
|             | [FI              |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | XED]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.553~~       |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MO             |                  |                  |
|             | BILE-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | > [RADIOLOCAT    |                  |                  |
|             | ION]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~R              |                  |                  |
|             | ADIONAVIGATION~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~RADIONAVIGA    |                  |                  |
|             | TION-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~Radiolocation~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **MOD** S5.149   |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.340 S5.554  |                  |                  |
|             | S5.555~~         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | > **142 -- 144** |                  |                  |
| 132         | > ~~AMATEUR~~    |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | ~~AMA            |                  |                  |
|             | TEUR-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [FI              |                  |                  |
|             | XED]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [MOB             |                  |                  |
|             | ILE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIOLOCAT      |                  |                  |
|             | ION]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **               |                  |                  |
| 133         | 144 -- ~~149~~** |                  |                  |
|             | **[148.          |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | 5]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
|             | [FI              |                  |                  |
|             | XED]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [MOB             |                  |                  |
|             | ILE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | RADIOLOCATION    |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~Amateur~~      |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~Ama            |                  |                  |
|             | teur-Satellite~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **MOD** S5.149   |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.555~~       |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Allocations are transferred to the 141-148.5 GHz band from
the 126-134 GHz band to allow for radio astronomy allocations in this
band. The bandwidth has been reduced to 7.5 GHz to accommodate EES
(passive) and SR (passive) requirements in the 148.5-151.5 GHz band. The
addition of a radio astronomy allocation and **RES RAS** satisfies the
requirements for radio astronomy spectral line and wide band continuum
observations from remote locations worldwide. Since the 141-142 GHz
sub-band is no longer passive, **S5.340** is deleted from that band and
modified accordingly. All sub-bands are added to those listed under
**S5.149**. Footnotes **S5.554** and **S5.555** no longer apply to any
portion of this band and are deleted and modified accordingly.

+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | **               |                  |                  |
|             | 148.5 -- 151.5** |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|             | Services         |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|             | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **[148.5]{.und   |                  |                  |
| 134         | erline} -- 149** |                  |                  |
|             | [EARTH           |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passi           |                  |                  |
|             | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~RADIOLOCATION~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [SPACE RESEARCH  |                  |                  |
|             | (passi           |                  |                  |
|             | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~Amateur~~      |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~Ama            |                  |                  |
|             | teur-Satellite~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.149~~       |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 340]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.555~~       |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **149 -- 150**   |                  |                  |
| 135         | [EARTH           |                  |                  |
|             | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passi           |                  |                  |
|             | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (s               |                  |                  |
|             | pace-to-Earth)~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MOBILE~~       |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [SPACE RESEARCH  |                  |                  |
|             | (passi           |                  |                  |
|             | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 340]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **150 -- 151**   |                  |                  |
| 136         | EARTH            |                  |                  |
|             | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (s               |                  |                  |
|             | pace-to-Earth)~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MOBILE~~       |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|             | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.149~~       |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 340]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             | ~~S5.385~~       |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/    | **151 --         |                  |                  |
| 137         | [151.            |                  |                  |
|             | 5]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**     | [EARTH           |                  |                  |
|             | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|             | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (passi           |                  |                  |
|             | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~                |                  |                  |
|             | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|             | (s               |                  |                  |
|             | pace-to-Earth)~~ |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | ~~MOBILE~~       |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|             | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|             | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [SPACE RESEARCH  |                  |                  |
|             | (passi           |                  |                  |
|             | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|             |                  |                  |                  |
|             | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|             | S5.              |                  |                  |
|             | 340]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+-------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The current passive allocation of 150-151 GHz has
insufficient bandwidth for remote sensing observations and is not
adequately protected from potential interference. The scientific
requirement is for a 3 GHz band centered at 150 GHz for use in
conjunction with water vapour observations around 183 GHz. Also, the
150.74 GHz nitrous oxide line at required for microwave limb sounding
applications. All active services are relocated from this band to meet
these requirements. Since the 148.5-151.5 GHz band is now purely
passive, it is added to those listed under **S5.340**. For the same
reason, there is no need to include the band 150-151 GHz in **S5.149**,
and it is deleted from this footnote. The footnotes **S5.385** (150-151
GHz band) and **S5.555** (148.5-149 GHz band) are no longer needed and
are deleted from these bands.

+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
|            | **GHz**         |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | **1             |                 |                    |
|            | 51.5 -- 155.5** |                 |                    |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
|            | Allocation to   |                 |                    |
|            | Services        |                 |                    |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
|            | Region 1        | Region 2        | Region 3           |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **              |                 |                    |
| 138        | 151[.5]{.underl |                 |                    |
|            | ine} -- 1~~56~~ |                 |                    |
| **MOD**    | [55.5           |                 |                    |
|            | ]{.underline}** |                 |                    |
|            | FIXED           |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | ~~              |                 |                    |
|            | FIXED-SATELLITE |                 |                    |
|            | (sp             |                 |                    |
|            | ace-to-Earth)~~ |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | MOBILE          |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | [RADIO          |                 |                    |
|            | ASTRONO         |                 |                    |
|            | MY]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | > [RADIOLOCATI  |                 |                    |
|            | ON]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            | >               |                 |                    |
|            | > [**MOD**      |                 |                    |
|            | > S5.1          |                 |                    |
|            | 49]{.underline} |                 |                    |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
|            |                 |                 |                    |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+

**Reason:** The FSS downlink allocation is incompatible with radio
astronomy requirements in this band and is relocated elsewhere. The
addition of a radio astronomy allocation and **RES RAS** satisfies the
requirements for radio astronomy spectral line and wide band continuum
observations from remote locations worldwide. This band is added to
those listed under footnote **S5.149**. The additional radiolocation
allocation compensates for removal from the 126-134 GHz band.

+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
|            | **GHz**         |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | **1             |                 |                    |
|            | 55.5 -- 158.5** |                 |                    |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
|            | Allocation to   |                 |                    |
|            | Services        |                 |                    |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
|            | Region 1        | Region 2        | Region 3           |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **[155.5]{.unde |                 |                    |
| 139        | rline} -- 156** |                 |                    |
|            | [EARTH          |                 |                    |
| **MOD**    | EXPLOR          |                 |                    |
|            | ATION-SATELLITE |                 |                    |
|            | (passive)       |                 |                    |
|            | **ADD**         |                 |                    |
|            | S5.A            |                 |                    |
|            | AA]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | FIXED [**ADD**  |                 |                    |
|            | S5.B            |                 |                    |
|            | BB]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | ~~              |                 |                    |
|            | FIXED-SATELLITE |                 |                    |
|            | (sp             |                 |                    |
|            | ace-to-Earth)~~ |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | MOBILE [**ADD** |                 |                    |
|            | S5.B            |                 |                    |
|            | BB]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | [RADIO          |                 |                    |
|            | ASTRONO         |                 |                    |
|            | MY]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | [SPACE RESEACH  |                 |                    |
|            | (passive)       |                 |                    |
|            | **ADD**         |                 |                    |
|            | S5.C            |                 |                    |
|            | CC]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | > [**MOD**      |                 |                    |
|            | > S5.1          |                 |                    |
|            | 49]{.underline} |                 |                    |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **156 -- 158**  |                 |                    |
| 140        | EARTH           |                 |                    |
|            | EXPLOR          |                 |                    |
| **MOD**    | ATION-SATELLITE |                 |                    |
|            | (passive)       |                 |                    |
|            | [**ADD**        |                 |                    |
|            | S5.A            |                 |                    |
|            | AA]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | FIXED [**ADD**  |                 |                    |
|            | S5.B            |                 |                    |
|            | BB]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | ~~              |                 |                    |
|            | FIXED-SATELLITE |                 |                    |
|            | (sp             |                 |                    |
|            | ace-to-Earth)~~ |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | MOBILE [**ADD** |                 |                    |
|            | S5.B            |                 |                    |
|            | BB]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | [RADIO          |                 |                    |
|            | ASTRONO         |                 |                    |
|            | MY]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | [SPACE RESEACH  |                 |                    |
|            | (passive)       |                 |                    |
|            | **ADD**         |                 |                    |
|            | S5.C            |                 |                    |
|            | CC]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | > [**MOD**      |                 |                    |
|            | > S5.1          |                 |                    |
|            | 49]{.underline} |                 |                    |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **158           |                 |                    |
| 141        | -- 1~~64~~[58.5 |                 |                    |
|            | ]{.underline}** |                 |                    |
| **MOD**    | [EARTH          |                 |                    |
|            | EXPLOR          |                 |                    |
|            | ATION-SATELLITE |                 |                    |
|            | (passive)       |                 |                    |
|            | **ADD**         |                 |                    |
|            | S5.A            |                 |                    |
|            | AA]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | FIXED [**ADD**  |                 |                    |
|            | S5.B            |                 |                    |
|            | BB]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | ~~              |                 |                    |
|            | FIXED-SATELLITE |                 |                    |
|            | (sp             |                 |                    |
|            | ace-to-Earth)~~ |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | MOBILE [**ADD** |                 |                    |
|            | S5.B            |                 |                    |
|            | BB]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | [RADIO          |                 |                    |
|            | ASTRONO         |                 |                    |
|            | MY]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | [SPACE RESEACH  |                 |                    |
|            | (passive)       |                 |                    |
|            | **ADD**         |                 |                    |
|            | S5.C            |                 |                    |
|            | CC]{.underline} |                 |                    |
|            |                 |                 |                    |
|            | > [**MOD**      |                 |                    |
|            | > S5.1          |                 |                    |
|            | 49]{.underline} |                 |                    |
+------------+-----------------+-----------------+--------------------+

**Reason:** The scientific requirement is for a 3 GHz band centered at
157 GHz for use in conjunction with water vapour observations around 183
GHz. This allocation is only required until 2018 since current planned
and operational instruments are already in this band. By 2018, all of
these applications will have transitioned to the 148.5-151.5 GHz band.
The FSS downlink allocation is incompatible with radio astronomy
requirements and is relocated. The addition of a radio astronomy
allocation and **RES RAS** satisfies the requirements for radio
astronomy spectral line and wide band continuum observations from remote
locations worldwide. These sub-bands are added to those listed under
**S5.149**. EES operations in the band 155.5-158.5 GHz need to be
protected until 1/1/2018. After this date the fixed and mobile services
need to co-ordinate with radio astronomy sites only. The space research
(passive) allocation is limited to space-based radio astronomy in this
band.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **158.5 -- 164** |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **158[.5]{.und   |                  |                  |
| 142        | erline} -- 164** |                  |                  |
|            | FIXED            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    |                  |                  |                  |
|            | FIXED-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|            | (space-to-Earth) |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [                |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (space-to-Ear    |                  |                  |
|            | th)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Mobile-satellite allocation has been added to partially
compensate for loss of 134-142 GHz band.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **164 -- 167**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | *                |                  |                  |
| 143        | *164 -- 16~~8~~[ |                  |                  |
|            | 7]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | EARTH            |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|            | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | RADIO ASTRONOMY  |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 340]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Passive sensors require only this 3 GHz band from the
current 164-168 GHz passive allocation. It is essential to maintain the
164 - 167 GHz portion of the band passive. The **MOD** refers to the
band limits and addition of the band to footnote **S5.340** only, no
change **[(NOC)]{.underline}** is proposed to the allocations within
this sub-band. This band, along with the band 148.5-151.5 GHz will
become the harmonised reference window for passive sensor observations
of the 183.31 GHz water vapor line. The band is also used for microwave
limb sounding of the 164.38 GHz ClO line. This passive band has been
added to those listed under **S5.340**; the 164-168 GHz band had been
omitted from **S5.340**.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **167 -- 174.8** |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **[167]{.und     |                  |                  |
| 144        | erline} -- 168** |                  |                  |
|            | ~~EARTH          |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|            | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)~~      |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [FI              |                  |                  |
|            | XED]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (space-to-Ear    |                  |                  |
|            | th)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [INTER-SATELL    |                  |                  |
|            | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [MOBILE **MOD**  |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 558]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~RADIO          |                  |                  |
|            | ASTRONOMY~~      |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~SPACE RESEARCH |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)~~      |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **168 -- 170**   |                  |                  |
| 145        | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | [FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (space-to-Ear    |                  |                  |
|            | th)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [INTER-SATELL    |                  |                  |
|            | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE [**MOD**  |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 558]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **170 -- 174.5** |                  |                  |
| 146        | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | [FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (space-to-Ear    |                  |                  |
|            | th)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE **MOD**   |                  |                  |
|            | S5.558           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.149         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.385~~         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| .          | **174.5          |                  |                  |
| ./1.16/147 |  -- 17~~6.5~~[4. |                  |                  |
|            | 8]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | ~~EARTH          |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|            | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)~~      |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE **MOD**   |                  |                  |
|            | S5.558           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~SPACE RESEARCH |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)~~      |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.149         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.385~~         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Passive services do not need the 167-168 GHz band and this
band is yielded to displaced active services. Fixed, mobile and
inter-satellite services are added to the 167-174.8 GHz band as well as
fixed-satellite downlinks to the 167-174.5 GHz band to compensate for
deletions in other bands. Passive sensor allocations are deleted from
the 174.5-174.8 GHz band to properly adjust the band edge for the 183.3
GHz remote sensing requirement. Footnotes **S5.149** and **S5.385** are
deleted from these bands and are appropriately modified. Footnote
**S5.558** is added next to mobile allocations in this band and the
footnote is modified to include the 167-174.8 GHz band due to sharing
with the inter-satellite service.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **               |                  |                  |
|            | 174.8 -- 191.8** |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **174            |                  |                  |
| 148        | .~~5~~[8]{.under |                  |                  |
|            | line} -- 176.5** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | EARTH            |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|            | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|            | [**ADD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | YYY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | > ~~MOBILE       |                  |                  |
|            | > S5.558~~       |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.149         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.385~~         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **176.5 -- 182** |                  |                  |
| 149        | [EARTH           |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passi           |                  |                  |
|            | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|            | [**ADD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | YYY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | > ~~MOBILE       |                  |                  |
|            | > S5.558~~       |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [SPACE RESEARCH  |                  |                  |
|            | (passi           |                  |                  |
|            | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.149~~       |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.385~~       |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| > ../1.16/ | **182 -- 185**   |                  |                  |
| > 150      | EARTH            |                  |                  |
| >          | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| > **MOD**  | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~RADIO          |                  |                  |
|            | ASTRONOMY~~      |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **MOD** S5.340   |                  |                  |
|            | S5.563           |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **185 -- 190**   |                  |                  |
| 151        | [EARTH           |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passi           |                  |                  |
|            | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | INTER-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|            | [**ADD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | YYY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~MOBILE         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.558~~         |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [SPACE RESEARCH  |                  |                  |
|            | (passi           |                  |                  |
|            | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.149~~       |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.385~~       |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **190            |                  |                  |
| 152        |  -- ~~200~~[191. |                  |                  |
|            | 8]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | [EARTH           |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|            | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passi           |                  |                  |
|            | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~MOBILE         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.553~~         |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~MO             |                  |                  |
|            | BILE-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~R              |                  |                  |
|            | ADIONAVIGATION~~ |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~RADIONAVIGA    |                  |                  |
|            | TION-SATELLITE~~ |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [SPACE RESEARCH  |                  |                  |
|            | (passi           |                  |                  |
|            | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.341         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.554~~         |                  |                  |
|            | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 340]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason**: The band 174.8-191.8 GHz is of crucial importance for
passive sensing of the water vapour absorption line whose peak is at
183.31 GHz. Sharing with fixed and mobile services is not practical, so
these services are relocated. The inter-satellite service needs to be
limited to links between GSO satellites and to a pfd limit as specified
in sharing studies. Footnote **S5.YYY** is added to reflect this
requirement. The entire band is deleted from those listed under
**S5.149**, **S5.385** (secondary radio astronomy allocation). All
applicable footnotes are appropriately modified. Since no terrestrial
radio astronomy use of the band 182-185 GHz is possible due to high
atmospheric absorption, the radio astronomy allocation is deleted.
Active services are moved from the 190-191.8 GHz band to make room for
the addition of passive sensor allocations. The footnote **S5.554** is
deleted from this band, to reflect removal of active services, and
modified to reflect this change. **S5.341** does not apply to this band
and is deleted. The footnote **S5.340** has been modified to include
this band.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **191.8 -- 200** |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **[191.8]{.und   |                  |                  |
| 153        | erline} -- 200** |                  |                  |
|            | [FIXED **MOD**   |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 553]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [INTER-SATELL    |                  |                  |
|            | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE **MOD**   |                  |                  |
|            | S5.553           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | RADIONAVIGATION  |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | RADIONAVI        |                  |                  |
|            | GATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | S5.341 **MOD**   |                  |                  |
|            | S5.554           |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason**: Inter-satellite and fixed service allocations added to
compensate for deletions from other bands. The footnotes **S5.553** and
**S5.554** modified to reflect deletion of terrestrial services from
190.0 -191.8 GHz band, and to include stations in the fixed service,
allocated to the 191.8-200 GHz band.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **200 -- 209**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **200 -- 202**   |                  |                  |
| 154        | EARTH            |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~MOBILE~~       |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|            | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|            | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 340]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **               |                  |                  |
| 155        | 202 -- 2~~17~~[0 |                  |                  |
|            | 9]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | [EARTH           |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|            | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passi           |                  |                  |
|            | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~                |                  |                  |
|            | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (E               |                  |                  |
|            | arth-to-space)~~ |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~MOBILE~~       |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|            | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|            | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [SPACE RESEARCH  |                  |                  |
|            | (passi           |                  |                  |
|            | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 340]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** This band is the optimum band for microwave limb sounding of
water vapour and other atmospheric constituents in the low troposphere.
Fixed and mobile services as well as the fixed-satellite uplink in the
202-209 GHz band are all relocated to meet this requirement. Footnote
**S5.340** is consequentially modified, to include this band. A radio
astronomy allocation has been added to satisfy the requirement for radio
astronomy spectral line and wide band continuum observations.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **209 -- 217**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **[209]{.und     |                  |                  |
| 156        | erline} -- 217** |                  |                  |
|            | FIXED            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    |                  |                  |                  |
|            | FIXED-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|            | (Earth-to-space) |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|            | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|            | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and **RES RAS**
satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line and wide
band continuum observations from remote locations world-wide. This band
has been added to those listed under **S5.149**.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **217 -- 226**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **               |                  |                  |
| 157        | 217 -- 2~~31~~[2 |                  |                  |
|            | 6]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | ~~EARTH          |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|            | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)~~      |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [FI              |                  |                  |
|            | XED]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (Earth-to-spa    |                  |                  |
|            | ce)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [MOB             |                  |                  |
|            | ILE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | RADIO ASTRONOMY  |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            | [**ADD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | CCC]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.340~~       |                  |                  |
|            | S5.341           |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Passive sensors do not need this band and the EESS
allocation is deleted. Fixed and mobile services and fixed-satellite
uplinks are moved to this band from other locations. This band is no
longer passive; consequentially it now needs to be listed under footnote
**S5.149**. This band has been removed from footnote **S5.340** and
footnote **S5.340** has been deleted from this band.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **226 -- 231.5** |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **[226]{.und     |                  |                  |
| 158        | erline} -- 231** |                  |                  |
|            | EARTH            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|            | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | RADIO ASTRONOMY  |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **MOD** S5.340   |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.341~~       |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **231 --         |                  |                  |
| 159        | 23~~5~~1.5**     |                  |                  |
|            | [EARTH           |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
|            | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passi           |                  |                  |
|            | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~FIXED~~        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~                |                  |                  |
|            | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (s               |                  |                  |
|            | pace-to-Earth)~~ |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~MOBILE~~       |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|            | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|            | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [SPACE RESEARCH  |                  |                  |
|            | (passi           |                  |                  |
|            | ve)]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~                |                  |                  |
|            | ~Radiolocation~~ |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 340]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.341~~       |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** It is essential to maintain the 226-231.5 GHz band passive.
The **MOD** refers to the band limits only; no change
**[(NOC)]{.underline}** is proposed to the allocations within this
sub-band. Passive sensors require exclusive use of only the 226-231.5
GHz portion of the 217-231 GHz band for microwave limb sounding of
atmospheric constituents. In addition, this band contains a 4 GHz
reference window for higher frequency water vapor measurements. This
band is of vital importance to the radio astronomy service for
observations of the 230.5 GHz CO line. The footnote **S5.340** is
modified to take into account that 217-226 GHz band is no longer
passive, while adding the 231-231.5 GHz band. The fixed and mobile
services, as well as the fixed-satellite downlinks, have been deleted
from the 231-231.5 GHz portion to allow passive observations in this
band.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **231.5 -- 235** |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **[231.5]{.und   |                  |                  |
| 160        | erline} -- 235** |                  |                  |
|            | FIXED            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    |                  |                  |                  |
|            | FIXED-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|            | (space-to-Earth) |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | Radiolocation    |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason**: The only required change in this band is the 500 MHz upward
adjustment of the lower band edge (see the previous modification).

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **235 -- 238**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **235 -- 238**   |                  |                  |
| 161        | EARTH            |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~                |                  |                  |
|            | ~FIXED-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (s               |                  |                  |
|            | pace-to-Earth)~~ |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|            | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|            | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Passive sensors are limited to microwave limb sounding in
the band 235-238 GHz and can share with terrestrial services due to the
absorption characteristics of this band. The fixed-satellite downlink is
not compatible with the radio astronomy requirement for this band and is
reallocated elsewhere. The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and
**RES RAS** satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line
and wide band continuum observations from remote locations world-wide.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **238 -- 241**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **238 -- 241**   |                  |                  |
| 162        | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | FIXED-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|            | (space-to-Earth) |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [RADIOLOCAT      |                  |                  |
|            | ION]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | > [RADIONAVIGAT  |                  |                  |
|            | ION]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [RADION          |                  |                  |
|            | AVIGATION-SATELL |                  |                  |
|            | ITE]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~                |                  |                  |
|            | ~Radiolocation~~ |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Additional allocations to the radiolocation, radionavigation
and radionavigation-satellite services, to compensate for allocation
changes in the 150-160 GHz frequency range.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **241 -- 248**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **241 -- 248**   |                  |                  |
| 163        | RADIOLOCATION    |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|            | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|            | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | Amateur          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | A                |                  |                  |
|            | mateur-Satellite |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | S5.138 [**MOD**  |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 149]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The addition of a radio astronomy allocation and **RES RAS**
satisfies the requirements for radio astronomy spectral line and wide
band continuum observations from remote locations world-wide. This band
is added to those listed under footnote **S5.149**. There is no change
in sharing between existing services, except for the introduction of the
radio astronomy service allocation in band.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **248 -- 250**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **248 -- 250**   |                  |                  |
| 164        | AMATEUR          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | A                |                  |                  |
|            | MATEUR-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [Radio           |                  |                  |
|            | Astron           |                  |                  |
|            | omy]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The radio astronomy service allocation is added on a
secondary basis.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **250 -- 252**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **250 -- 252**   |                  |                  |
| 165        | EARTH            |                  |                  |
|            | EXPLO            |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | RATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | SPACE RESEARCH   |                  |                  |
|            | (passive)        |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|            | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|            | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.149         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.555~~         |                  |                  |
|            | [**MOD**         |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
|            | 340]{.underline} |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** Microwave limb sounding of nitrous oxide near 251 GHz
defines the passive-sensing requirement for this band. Radio astronomy
is added to the other passive services. The addition of another passive
service does not alter sharing scenario. The footnotes **S5.149** and
**S5.555** are consequentially deleted and band lists in these footnotes
are appropriately modified. The footnote **S5.340** is added to reflect
the passive nature of band.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **252 -- 265**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **252 -- 265**   |                  |                  |
| 166        | [FIXED **MOD**   |                  |                  |
|            | S5.              |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | 553]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE **MOD**   |                  |                  |
|            | S5.553           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            | ([Earth-to-spa   |                  |                  |
|            | ce]{.underline}) |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | RADIONAVIGATION  |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | RADIONAVI        |                  |                  |
|            | GATION-SATELLITE |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | [RADIO           |                  |                  |
|            | ASTRON           |                  |                  |
|            | OMY]{.underline} |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **MOD** S5.149   |                  |                  |
|            | ~~S5.385~~       |                  |                  |
|            | S5.554 ~~S5.555  |                  |                  |
|            | S5.564~~         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The fixed service is relocated to this band due to other
allocation actions in other bands. The addition of a radio astronomy
allocation, along with **RES RAS,** satisfy requirements for radio
astronomy spectral line (current secondary allocation to radio astronomy
at 257.5 - 258 GHz deleted) and wide band continuum observations from
remote locations worldwide. The directional indicator added to
mobile-satellite service allocation, which is paired with allocation in
the 190-200 GHz band. Atmospheric absorption in the 252-265 GHz band is
relatively constant and somewhat higher than in the paired downlink
band. This entire band is added to those listed under footnote
**S5.149**, and the band is deleted from **S5.385** and **S5.555**. The
footnotes **S5.385** and **S5.555** have been modified to reflect
changes. The footnote **S5.564** is no longer needed in this band due to
the worldwide nature of the radio astronomy allocation.

+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**          |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **265 -- 275**   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to    |                  |                  |
|            | Services         |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1         | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **265 -- 275**   |                  |                  |
| 167        | FIXED            |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
| **NOC**    | FIXED-SATELLITE  |                  |                  |
|            | (Earth-to-space) |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | MOBILE           |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | RADIO ASTRONOMY  |                  |                  |
|            |                  |                  |                  |
|            | **MOD** S5.149   |                  |                  |
+------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+

+------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | **GHz**           |                  |                  |
|            |                   |                  |                  |
|            | **275 -- 400**    |                  |                  |
+------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Allocation to     |                  |                  |
|            | Services          |                  |                  |
+------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+
|            | Region 1          | Region 2         | Region 3         |
+------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+
| ../1.16/   | **275 -- ~~400~~  |                  |                  |
| 168        | [10               |                  |                  |
|            | 00]{.underline}** |                  |                  |
| **MOD**    | (Not allocated)   |                  |                  |
|            | **MOD** S5.565    |                  |                  |
+------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+

**Reason:** The change of the upper limit for applicability of footnote
**MOD S5.565** is to account for various passive service needs above 275
GHz that have been identified by administrations. Many lines and windows
required for radio astronomy observations and passive remote sensing of
the Earth exist above 275 GHz.

**S5.149** In making assignments to stations of other services to which
the bands:

13 360-13 410 kHz,

25 550-25 670 kHz,

37.5-38.25 MHz,

73-74.6 MHz in\
Regions 1 and 3,

150.05-153 MHz in\
Region 1,

322-328.6 MHz\*,

406.1-410 MHz,

608-614 MHz in\
Regions 1 and 3,

1 330-1 400 MHz\*,

1 610.6-1 613.8 MHz\*,

1 660-1 670 MHz,

1 718.8-1 722.2 MHz\*,

2 655-2 690 MHz,

3 260-3 267 MHz\*,

3 332-3 339 MHz\*,

3 345.8-3 352.5 MHz\*,

4 825-4 835 MHz\*,

4 950-4 990 MHz,

4 990-5 000 MHz,

6 650-6 675.2 MHz\*,

10.6-10.68 GHz,

14.47-14.5 GHz\*,

22.01-22.21 GHz\*,

22.21-22.5 GHz,

22.81-22.86 GHz\*,

23.07-23.12 GHz\*,

31.2-31.3 GHz,

31.5-31.8 GHz in\
Regions 1 and 3,

36.43-36.5 GHz\*,

42.5-43.5 GHz,

42.77-42.87 GHz\*,

43.07-43.17 GHz\*,

43.37-43.47 GHz\*,

48.94-49.04 GHz\*,

~~72.77-72.91 GHz\*,~~

[76.5-81.5 GHz]{.underline}

[81.5-84.5 GHz,]{.underline}

[84.5-86 GHz]{.underline}

~~93.07-93.27 GHz\*,~~

[92-94 GHz,]{.underline}

[94.1-95 GHz,]{.underline}

[95-100 GHz,]{.underline}

~~97.88-98.08 GHz\*,~~

[100-102 GHz,]{.underline}

[102-105 GHz,]{.underline}

[105-109.5 GHz]{.underline}

[111.8-114.25 GHz]{.underline}

140.69-140.98 GHz\*,

[141-148.5 GHz,]{.underline}

[148.5-151.5 GHz]{.underline}

~~144.68-144.98 GHz\*,~~

~~145.45-145.75 GHz\*,~~

~~146.82-147.12 GHz\*,~~

~~150-151 GHz\*,~~

174.42-175.02 GHz\*,

177-177.4 GHz\*,

178.2-178.6 GHz\*,

181-181.46 GHz\*,

~~186.2-186.6 GHz\*,~~

[209-226 GHz]{.underline}

~~250-251 GHz\*,~~

~~257.5-258 GHz\*,~~

~~261-265 GHz,~~

~~262.24-262.76 GHz\*,~~

[252-265 GHz]{.underline}

265-275 GHz,

~~265.64-266.16 GHz\*,~~

~~267.34-267.86 GHz\*,~~

~~271.74-272.26 GHz~~

\* are allocated (\* indicates radio astronomy use for spectral line
observations), administrations are urged to take all practicable steps
to protect the radio astronomy service from harmful interference.
Emissions from spaceborne or airborne stations can be particularly
serious sources of interference to the radio astronomy service (see Nos.
**S4.5** and **S4.6** and Article **S29**).

**Reason:** The changes to this footnote are consequential to the
changes made to the related allocations.

**S5.340** All emissions are prohibited in the following bands:

1 400 - 1 427 MHz,

2 690 - 2 700 MHz except those provided for by Nos. **S5.421** and
**S5.422**,

10.68 - 10.7 GHz except those provided for by No. **S5.483**,

15.35 - 15.4 GHz except those provided for by No. **S5.511**,

23.6 - 24 GHz,

31.3 - 31.5 GHz,

31.5 - 31.8 GHz in Region 2,

48.94 - 49.04 GHz from airborne stations,

50.2 -- 50.4^1^ GHz except those provided for by No. **S5.555A**,

52.6 -- 54.25 GHz

86 - 92 GHz,

~~105 - 116 GHz,~~

[109.5 - 111.8 GHz,]{.underline}

[114.25 - 116 GHz,]{.underline}

~~140.69 - 140.98 GHz from airborne stations and from space stations in
the space-to-Earth directio~~n,

[148.5-151.5 GHz,]{.underline}

[164 - 167 GHz]{.underline},

182 - 185 GHz except those provided for by No. **S5.563**,

[190 - 191.8 GHz,]{.underline}

[200 - 202 GHz]{.underline}

[202 - 209 GHz]{.underline}

~~217 - 228 GHz.~~

[226 - 231.5 GHz,]{.underline}

[250 - 252 GH]{.underline}z.

**Reason:** The changes to this footnote are consequential to the
changes made to the related allocations.

**S5.341** In the bands 1 400 - 1 727 MHz, 101 - 120 GHz and 197 -
220 GHz, passive research is being conducted by some countries in a
programme for the search for intentional emissions of extraterrestrial
origin.

**Reason:** This informational footnote is still accurate.

**S5.385** *Additional allocation:* the band~~s~~ 1 718.8 - 1 722.2 MHz,
~~150 - 151 GHz, 174.42 - 175.02 GHz, 177 - 177.4 GHz,
178.2 - 178.6 GHz, 181 - 181.46 GHz, [and]{.underline} 186.2 - 186.6 GHz
and 257.5 - 258 GHz~~ ~~are~~ [is]{.underline} also allocated to the
radio astronomy service on a secondary basis for spectral line
observations.

**Reason:** The changes to this footnote are consequential to the
changes made to the related allocations.

**S5.553** In the bands 43.5 - 47 GHz, 66 - 71 GHz, 95 - 100 GHz,
~~134 - 142 GHz, 190~~[191.8]{.underline} - 200 GHz and 252 - 265 GHz,
stations in the [fixed and]{.underline} land mobile service may be
operated subject to not causing harmful interference to the space
radiocommunication services to which these bands are allocated (see
No. **S5.43**).

**Reason:** The changes to this footnote are consequential to the
changes made to the related allocations.

**S5.554** In the bands 43.5 - 47 GHz, 66 - 71 GHz, 95 -100 GHz, ~~134 -
142~~ [126 - 134]{.underline} GHz, 19~~0~~1.8 - 200 GHz and 252 - 265
GHz, satellite links connecting land stations at specified fixed points
are also authorized when used in conjunction with the mobile-satellite
service or the radionavigation-satellite service.

**Reason:** The changes to this footnote are consequential to the
changes made to the related allocations.

**S5.555** *Additional allocation:* the band~~s~~ 48.94 - 49.04 GHz,
~~97.88 - 98.08 GHz, 140.69 - 140.98 GHz, 144.68 - 144.98 GHz, 145.45 -
145.75 GHz, 146.82 ‑ 147.12 GHz, 250 - 251 GHz and 262.24 - 262.76 GHz
are~~ [is]{.underline} also allocated to the radio astronomy service on
a primary basis.

**Reason:** The changes to this footnote are consequential to the
changes made to the related allocations.

**S5.556** In the bands 51.4 - 54.25 GHz, 58.2 - 59 GHz~~,~~
[and]{.underline} 64 - 65 GHz, ~~72.77 - 72.91 GHz and 93.07 - 93.27
GHz,~~ radio astronomy observations may be carried out under national
arrangements.

**Reason:** The changes to this footnote are consequential to the
changes made to the related allocations.

**S5.558** In the bands 55.78-58.2 GHz, 59-64 GHz, 66-71 GHz, ~~123 -
134~~ [122.5 - 126]{.underline} GHz, ~~170-182~~ [167 --
174.8]{.underline} GHz and 185-190 GHz, stations in the aeronautical
mobile service may be operated subject to not causing harmful
interference to the inter-satellite service (see No. **S5.43**).

**Reason:** The changes to this footnote are consequential to the
changes made to the related allocation.

**S5.559** In the band~~s~~ 59 - 64 GHz ~~and 126 - 134 GHz,~~ airborne
radars in the radiolocation service may be operated subject to not
causing harmful interference to the inter-satellite service (see No.
**S5.43**).

**Reason:** The changes to this footnote are consequential to the
changes made to the related allocation. The radiolocation and
inter-satellite services are no longer co-allocated in this spectral
region.

**S5.560** In the band 78 - 79 GHz radars located on space stations may
be operated on a primary basis in the earth exploration-satellite
service and in the space research service.

**Reason:** No change is required to this footnote

**S5.561** In the band ~~84 - 86~~ [74 - 76]{.underline} GHz, stations
in the fixed~~,~~ and mobile ~~and broadcasting~~ services shall not
cause harmful interference to broadcasting-satellite stations operating
in accordance with the decisions of the appropriate frequency assignment
planning conference for the broadcasting-satellite service.

**Reason:** The broadcasting satellite allocation has been transferred
to the 74-76 GHz band and the broadcasting and broadcasting satellite
services are no longer co-allocated.

**S5.562** The use of the band 94-94.1 GHz by the earth
exploration-satellite (active) and space research (active) services is
limited to spaceborne cloud radars.

**Reason:** This footnote was the result of allocation decisions made at
WRC-97 and no change is needed.

~~**S5.564** Additional allocation: in Germany, Argentina, Spain,
Finland, France, India, Italy, the Netherlands and Sweden, the band
261 - 265 GHz is also allocated to the radio astronomy service on a
primary basis.~~

**Reason:** The radio astronomy allocation is now worldwide in the
261-265 GHz band, therefore a country footnote is no longer needed.

**S5.565** The frequency band 275 - ~~400~~ [1000]{.underline}GHz may be
used by administrations for experimentation with, and development of,
various active and passive services. In this band a need has been
identified for the following spectral line measurements for passive
services:

-- radio astronomy service: ~~278 - 280 GHz and 343 - 348~~ [275 - 323,
327-371, 388 - 43~~4~~ GHz, 426 - 442 GHz, 453 - 510 GHz, 623 - 711 GHz,
and 795 - 909 GHz]{.underline}

-- Earth exploration-satellite service (passive) and space research
service (passive): 275 - 277 GHz, ~~300~~[294]{.underline} --
30~~2~~[6]{.underline} GHz, 3~~24~~[16]{.underline} --
3~~26~~[34]{.underline} GHz, 34~~5~~[2]{.underline} --
34~~7~~[9]{.underline} GHz, 363 -- 365 GHz[,]{.underline} ~~and~~
37~~9~~[1]{.underline} -- 38~~1~~[9]{.underline} GHz[, 416 -- 434 GHz,
442 -- 444 GHz, 496 -- 506 GHz, 546 -- 568 GHz, 624 -- 629 GHz, 634 --
654 GHz, 659 -- 661 GHz, 684 -- 692 GHz, 730 -- 732 GHz, 851 -- 853 GHz
and 951 -- 956 GHz]{.underline}.

Future research in this largely unexplored spectral region may yield
additional spectral lines and continuum bands of interest to the passive
services. Administrations are urged to take all practicable steps to
protect these passive services from harmful interference until the next
competent world radio conference.

**Reason:** These additional bands have been identified by various
administrations as bands that will also be used for radio astronomy
observations and spaceborne passive remote sensing.

**S5.AAA** In the band 155.5 - 158.5 GHz, the allocation to the Earth
exploration-satellite (passive) and space research (passive) services
shall terminate on 1 January 2018.

**Reason:** This allocation will not be needed by passive sensors after
the termination date. By the termination date, all passive sensors will
have transitioned to the 148.5 - 151.5 GHz band.

**S5.BBB** The date of entry for the allocation to the fixed and mobile
services in the band 155.5 - 158.5 GHz shall be 1 January 2018.

**Reason:** Passive sensors require the use of this band until 1 January
2018.

**S5.CCC** Use of this allocation is limited to space-based radio
astronomy only.

**Reason:** This band is a likely candidate for a future space based
radio astronomy mission. No other space research use is contemplated.

**S5.DDD** The 81 - 81.5 GHz band is also allocated to the amateur and
amateur-satellite services on a secondary basis.

Reason: Amateur allocation

**S5.EEE** The band 75.5-76 GHz is also allocated to the amateur and
amateur-satellite services on a primary basis until the year 200\[6\].

**Reason:** Amateur allocation

**S5.YYY** Use of the bands 174.5-182 GHz by the inter-satellite service
is limited to satellites in the geostationary-satellite orbit. The
single-entry power flux-density, at all altitudes from 0 km to 1 000 km
above the Earth\'s surface and in the vicinity of all geostationary
orbital positions occupied by passive sensors, produced by a station in
the inter-satellite service, for all conditions and for all methods of
modulation, shall not exceed -144 dBW/m^2^/MHz for all angles of
arrival.

Reason: This footnote is required to protect passive sensors operating
in this band.

**S5.XXX** Use of the bands 116-123 GHz by the inter-satellite service
is limited to satellites in the geostationary-satellite orbit. The
single-entry power flux-density, at all altitudes from 0 km to 1 000 km
above the Earth\'s surface and in the vicinity of all geostationary
orbital positions occupied by passive sensors, produced by a station in
the inter-satellite service, for all conditions and for all methods of
modulation, shall not exceed -148 dBW/m^2^/MHz for all angles of
arrival.

**Reason:** This footnote is required to protect passive sensors
operating in this band.

**RESOLUTION RAS**

**USE OF THE BANDS \[ \] BY THE RADIO ASTRONOMY SERVICE**

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Istanbul, 2000),

*considering*

*a)* that a large number of spectral lines of astrophysical interest
above 71 GHz provide unique information about cosmic processes, such as
the chemistry of the interstellar medium and the formation of stars and
planets, and that this information cannot be obtained from any other
source;

*b)* that Doppler shifted lines, which are also of great interest for
astronomical studies, are found far removed from the rest frequency of
some spectral lines and that highly Doppler shifted lines may offer the
only means to obtain information about the very early Universe and the
formation of galaxies;

*c)* that mm-wave radio astronomy receivers are designed to cover
substantial portions of the atmospheric windows above 70 GHz to take
advantage of the information contained in spectral lines, as well as in
continuum radiation;

*d)* that several Administrations operate mm-wave radio astronomy
observatories and that some are building or are planning to build a
limited number of large new facilities to exploit the most advanced
technologies; and that these facilities are intended to serve the needs
of the worldwide scientific community;

*f)* that mm-wave observatories must be located on high mountain tops or
plateaus to take advantage of the driest possible atmospheric conditions
necessary to obtain high quality observations; and require substantial
investments on behalf of the scientific communities concerned, and that
therefore their number will remain low,

*noting*

that sharing between the radio astronomy service and other terrestrial
services operating in bands above 71 GHz is facilitated by the natural
attenuation provided by atmospheric gases, and that it can be further
facilitated by adequate geographic separation,

*urges:*

Administrations to establish coordination zones around mm-wave radio
astronomy sites operating in bands above 71 GHz. Coordination zone radii
should be determined following the procedure outlined in Rec. ITU-R
RA.1031-1, separately for ground based transmitters, airborne
transmitters and transmitters that may be located on High Altitude
Platforms (HAPS).

*resolves:*

1\. that in the frequency bands referred to in this Resolution,
co-primary status of the radio astronomy service shall be recognized
within coordination zones established by Administrations. No
coordination requirements should be imposed upon terrestrial services
outside established coordination zones.

2\. that in the bands referred to in this Resolution, co-primary
services operating stations within a coordination zone should coordinate
their operations with affected radio astronomy stations within five
years of the date of notification of the radio astronomy site to the
Radiocommunication Bureau

Annex 1 lists the radio astronomy sites that operate, or plan to operate
in the bands referred to in this Resolution as of \[June 8, 2000\].
Observatories that operate only up to 92 GHz are identified with \*\*\*
under the SITE column.

../1.16/ 192

**MOD**

**\[ Annex 1 \]\***

**List of Radio Astronomical Observatories Operating**

**in Bands Above 71 GHz**

REGION 1

+-----------+--------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+---------+
| **        | **SITE**     | **     | *      | **  | **D   | Remarks |
| COUNTRY** |              | LONG** | *LAT** | ALT | IAM** |         |
|           |              |        |        | (m  |       |         |
|           |              | **o \' | **o \' | )** | **    |         |
|           |              | \"**   | \"**   |     | (m)** |         |
+-----------+--------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+---------+
| **        | *            | **24   | **60   | **6 | **1   |         |
| Finland** | *Metsahovi** | 23     | 13     | 1** | 3.7** |         |
|           |              | 17**   | 04**   |     |       |         |
+-----------+--------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+---------+
| *         | **Bordeaux** | **-00  | **44   | **7 | **    |         |
| *France** |              | 31     | 50     | 3** | 2.5** |         |
|           | **Plateau de | 37**   | 10**   |     |       |         |
|           | Bure**[^6]   |        |        | **  | *     |         |
|           |              | **05   | **44   | 255 | *15** |         |
|           |              | 54     | 38     | 2** |       |         |
|           |              | 26**   | 01**   |     |       |         |
+-----------+--------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+---------+
| **        | **           | **06   | **50   | *   | **    |         |
| Germany** | Effelsberg** | 53     | 31     | *36 | 100** |         |
|           |              | 00**   | 32**   | 9** |       |         |
+-----------+--------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+---------+
| **Italy** | **Medi       | **11   | **44   | **4 | *     | **      |
|           | cina\*\*\*** | 38     | 31     | 4** | *32** | EVLBI** |
|           |              | 43**   | 14**   |     |       |         |
|           | **           |        |        |     |       | **      |
|           | Noto\*\*\*** | **15   | **36   |     |       | EVLBI** |
|           |              | 03     | 31     |     |       |         |
|           |              | 00**   | 48**   |     |       |         |
+-----------+--------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+---------+
| *         | **Zele       | **41   | **43   | **  |       |         |
| *Russia** | nchukskaya** | 26     | 39     | 210 |       |         |
|           |              | 30**   | 12**   | 0** |       |         |
+-----------+--------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+---------+
| **Spain** | **Pico       | **-03  | **37   | **  | *     |         |
|           | Veleta**     | 23     | 03     | 287 | *30** |         |
|           |              | 34**   | 58**   | 0** |       |         |
|           | **Robledo**  |        |        |     |       |         |
|           |              | **-04  | **40   | *   |       |         |
|           | **Yepes**    | 14     | 25     | *76 |       |         |
|           |              | 57**   | 38**   | 1** |       |         |
|           |              |        |        |     |       |         |
|           |              | **-03  | **40   | *   |       |         |
|           |              | 06     | 31     | *93 |       |         |
|           |              | 00**   | 30**   | 1** |       |         |
+-----------+--------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+---------+
| *         | **Geb        | **29   | **40   | *   |       |         |
| *Turkey** | se-Kocaeli** | 26     | 47     | *20 |       |         |
|           |              | 52**   | 06**   | 0** |       |         |
+-----------+--------------+--------+--------+-----+-------+---------+

**\* ALL OF ANNEX 1 SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN \[ \]**

REGION 2

+----------+---------------+--------+--------+-----+------+---------+
| **C      | **SITE**      | LONG.  | LAT.   | *   | **DI | **RE    |
| OUNTRY** |               |        |        | *AL | AM** | MARKS** |
|          |               | **o \' | o \'   | T** |      |         |
|          |               | \"**   | \"     |     | **(  |         |
|          |               |        |        | *   | m)** |         |
|          |               |        |        | *(m |      |         |
|          |               |        |        | )** |      |         |
+==========+===============+========+========+=====+======+=========+
| A        | **El Leoncito | **69°  | **3    | **  | **1  | **Solar |
| rgentina | (SJ)**        | 18\'   | 1°47\' | 255 | ,5** | tele    |
|          |               | 07\"** | 57\"** | 2** |      | scope** |
|          |               |        |        |     |      |         |
|          |               |        |        |     |      | **Sub   |
|          |               |        |        |     |      | mm**    |
+----------+---------------+--------+--------+-----+------+---------+
| Chile    | **San Pedro   | **67   | **-23  | **  | **   | **MMA   |
|          | de Atacama**  | 44     | 02**   | 500 | 15** | (       |
|          |               | 00**   |        | 0** |      | planned |
|          | **La Silla**  |        | **-29  |     | *    | )**[^7] |
|          |               | **70   | 15     | **  | *4** |         |
|          | **Las         | 44     | 34**   | 230 |      | *       |
|          | Campanas**    | 04**   |        | 0** |      | *SEST** |
|          |               |        | **-29  |     |      |         |
|          | **Pampa La    | **70   | 01     | **  |      | **LMSA  |
|          | Bola**        | 41     | 43**   | 244 |      | (       |
|          |               | 10**   |        | 0** |      | planned |
|          |               |        | **-22  |     |      | )**[^8] |
|          |               | **67   | 58     | **  |      |         |
|          |               | 42     | 00**   | 480 |      |         |
|          |               | 00**   |        | 0** |      |         |
+----------+---------------+--------+--------+-----+------+---------+
| **       | **Sierra      | **97   | **18   | **  | **   | Large   |
| Mexico** | Negra**       | 18     | 59     | 450 | 50** | Mil     |
|          |               | 00**   | 00**   | 0** |      | limeter |
|          |               |        |        |     |      | Te      |
|          |               |        |        |     |      | lescope |
|          |               |        |        |     |      | (LM     |
|          |               |        |        |     |      | T-under |
|          |               |        |        |     |      | constr  |
|          |               |        |        |     |      | uction) |
+----------+---------------+--------+--------+-----+------+---------+
| IAP      | **Green\      | **79   | **38   | *   | **1  | **NRA   |
|          | Ban           | 50     | 25     | *94 | 00** | O-GBT** |
|          | k,WVA\*\*\*** | 24**   | 59**   | 6** |      |         |
|          |               |        |        |     | **   | **NRA   |
|          | **Socorro, NM | **107  | **34   | **  | 25** | O-VLA** |
|          | \*\*\***      | 37     | 04     | 215 |      | [^9]    |
|          |               | 06**   | 44**   | 5** | *    |         |
|          | **\           |        |        |     | *\.. | **      |
|          | ...\...\...** | **\... | **\.   | **\ | .\.. | \...\.. |
|          |               | \...\. | ..\... | ... | .\.. | .\...\. |
|          | **St. Croix,  | ....** | \...\. | \.. | ..** | ..\...\ |
|          | VI \*\*\***   |        | ....** | .\. |      | .....** |
|          |               | **64   |        | ... | **   |         |
|          | **Hancock, NH | 35     | **17   | .** | 25** | **NRAO  |
|          | \*\*\***      | 01**   | 45     |     |      | VLBA    |
|          |               |        | 24**   | **4 | **   | **[^10] |
|          | **North       | **71   |        | 6** | 25** |         |
|          | Liberty,\     | 59     | **42   |     |      | **NRAO  |
|          | IO\*\*\***    | 12**   | 56     | *   | **   | VLBA**  |
|          |               |        | 01**   | *34 | 25** |         |
|          | **Ft. Davis,  | **91   |        | 0** |      | **NRAO  |
|          | TX \*\*\***   | 34     | **41   |     | **   | VLBA**  |
|          |               | 27**   | 46     | *   | 25** |         |
|          | **Los         |        | 17**   | *27 |      | **NRAO  |
|          | Alamos,**     | **\    |        | 2** | **\  | VLBA**  |
|          |               | 103 56 | **30   |     | 25** |         |
|          | **NM \*\*\*** | 41**   | 38     | **  |      | **\     |
|          |               |        | 06**   | 164 | **   | NRAO    |
|          | **Pie Town,   | **106  |        | 6** | 25** | VLBA**  |
|          | NM \*\*\***   | 14     | **\    |     |      |         |
|          |               | 44**   | 35 46  | **\ | **   | **NRAO  |
|          | **Kitt Peak,  |        | 31**   | 199 | 25** | VLBA**  |
|          | AZ \*\*\***   | **108  |        | 7** |      |         |
|          |               | 07     | **34   |     | **\  | **NRAO  |
|          | **Owens       | 09**   | 18     | **  | 25** | VLBA**  |
|          | Valley,\      |        | 04**   | 240 |      |         |
|          | CA\*\*\***    | **\    |        | 2** | **   | **\     |
|          |               | 111 36 | **31   |     | 25** | NRAO    |
|          | **Brewster,   | 45**   | 57     | **  |      | VLBA**  |
|          | WA \*\*\***   |        | 23**   | 194 | **\  |         |
|          |               | **118  |        | 6** | 25** | **NRAO  |
|          | **Mauna Kea,\ | 16     | **\    |     |      | VLBA**  |
|          | HI \*\*\***   | 37**   | 37 13  | **\ | **\. |         |
|          |               |        | 54**   | 123 | ..\. | **\     |
|          | **\...\...\.. | **119  |        | 7** | ..\. | NRAO    |
|          | .\...\.....** | 41     | **48   |     | ..** | VLBA**  |
|          |               | 00**   | 07     | *   |      |         |
|          | **Kitt Peak,  |        | 52**   | *28 | **   | **\     |
|          | AZ**          | **\    |        | 6** | 12** | .....** |
|          |               | 155 27 | **\    |     |      |         |
|          | **Amherst,    | 19**   | 19 48  | **\ | **13 | **NRAO  |
|          | MA**          |        | 05**   | 375 | .7** | 12 m**  |
|          |               | *      |        | 1** |      |         |
|          | **Owens       | *\...\ | **\... |     | **10 | **FCRAO |
|          | Valley, CA**  | ...\.. | \...\. | **\ | .4** | (Five** |
|          |               | .\...\ | ..\... | ... |      |         |
|          | **Hat Creek,  | ....** | \...** | \.. | **6  | **C     |
|          | CA**          |        |        | .\. | .1** | olleges |
|          |               | **111  | **31   | ... |      | Obs.)** |
|          | **Westford,   | 36     | 57     | .** | **   |         |
|          | MA**          | 50**   | 10**   |     | 36** | **      |
|          |               |        |        | **  |      | Caltech |
|          | **Mauna Kea,  | **72   | **42   | 193 | **10 | **[^11] |
|          | HI**          | 20     | 23     | 0** | .4** |         |
|          |               | 40**   | 33**   |     |      | **BIMA  |
|          | **Mauna Kea,  |        |        | *   |      | **[^12] |
|          | HI**          | **118  | **37   | *31 |      |         |
|          |               | 17     | 13     | 4** |      | **H     |
|          |               | 36**   | 54**   |     |      | aystack |
|          |               |        |        | **  |      | Obs.**  |
|          |               | **121  | **40   | 123 |      |         |
|          |               | 28     | 49     | 6** |      | **J.C.  |
|          |               | 24**   | 04**   |     |      | Maxwell |
|          |               |        |        | **  |      | Tel.**  |
|          |               | **71   | **42   | 104 |      |         |
|          |               | 29     | 37     | 2** |      | **CSO** |
|          |               | 19**   | 23**   |     |      |         |
|          |               |        |        | *   |      |         |
|          |               | **155  | **19   | *12 |      |         |
|          |               | 28     | 49     | 2** |      |         |
|          |               | 20**   | 33**   |     |      |         |
|          |               |        |        | **  |      |         |
|          |               |        |        | 400 |      |         |
|          |               |        |        | 0** |      |         |
+----------+---------------+--------+--------+-----+------+---------+

REGION 3

+-------------+--------------+--------+--------+----+------+--------+
| **COUNTRY** | **SITE**     | **L    | **     | ** | **DI | R      |
|             |              | ONG.** | LAT.** | AL | AM** | EMARKS |
|             |              |        |        | T. |      |        |
|             |              | **o \' | **o \' | ** | *    |        |
|             |              | \"**   | \"**   |    | *m** |        |
|             |              |        |        | *  |      |        |
|             |              |        |        | *m |      |        |
|             |              |        |        | ** |      |        |
+-------------+--------------+--------+--------+----+------+--------+
| **          | **Parkes**   | **148  | **-33  | ** | **   | **     |
| AUSTRALIA** |              | 15     | 00     | 60 | 64** | Austr. |
|             | **Mopra**    | 44**   | 00**   | ** |      | Tel.   |
|             |              |        |        |    |      | C      |
|             | **Narrabri,  | **149  | **-31  |    |      | ompact |
|             | NSW**        | 05     | 16     |    |      | A      |
|             |              | 58**   | 04**   |    |      | rray** |
|             |              |        |        |    |      |        |
|             |              | **149  | **-30  |    |      |        |
|             |              | 32     | 59     |    |      |        |
|             |              | 56**   | 52**   |    |      |        |
+-------------+--------------+--------+--------+----+------+--------+
| **CHINA**   | **Delingha** | **97   | **37   | ** | **13 |        |
|             |              | 43     | 22     | 32 | .7** |        |
|             |              | 75**   | 43**   | 00 |      |        |
|             |              |        |        | ** |      |        |
+-------------+--------------+--------+--------+----+------+--------+
| **JAPAN**   | **Nob        | **138  | **35   | ** | **   | ####   |
|             | eyama**[^13] | 28     | 56     | 13 | 45** |  Comm. |
|             |              | 32**   | 29**   | 50 |      |        |
|             | **Kashima**  |        |        | ** | **   | ##     |
|             |              | **140  | **35   |    | 34** | ## Res |
|             | **Mizusawa** | 39     | 57     | ** |      | . Lab. |
|             |              | 46**   | 15**   | 50 | **   |        |
|             | **Nagoya**   |        |        | ** | 10** | **Only |
|             |              | **141  | **39   |    |      | \>30   |
|             | **Mt. Fuji** | 08     | 08     | ** | *    | 0GHz** |
|             |              | 09**   | 00**   | 87 | *4** |        |
|             | *            |        |        | ** |      | **VERA |
|             | *Kagoshima** | **136  | **35   |    | **1  | (plan  |
|             |              | 58     | 08     | ** | .2** | ned)** |
|             |              | 24**   | 55**   | 70 |      |        |
|             |              |        |        | ** | **   |        |
|             |              | **138  | **35   |    | 20** |        |
|             |              | 45     | 21     | ** |      |        |
|             |              | 06**   | 30**   | 37 |      |        |
|             |              |        |        | 76 |      |        |
|             |              | **130  | **31   | ** |      |        |
|             |              | 26     | 44     |    |      |        |
|             |              | 32**   | 52**   | *  |      |        |
|             |              |        |        | *5 |      |        |
|             |              |        |        | 20 |      |        |
|             |              |        |        | ** |      |        |
+-------------+--------------+--------+--------+----+------+--------+
| **KOREA**   | **Taejon**   | **127  | **36   | *  | **13 |        |
|             |              | 22     | 23     | *1 | .7** |        |
|             |              | 18**   | 54**   | 20 |      |        |
|             |              |        |        | ** |      |        |
+-------------+--------------+--------+--------+----+------+--------+

Other

+------------+--------------+----------+---------+------+------+----+
| *          | **SITE**     | *        | *       | **AL | **DI | *  |
| *COUNTRY** |              | *LONG.** | *LAT.** | T.** | AM** | *R |
|            |              |          |         |      |      | EM |
|            |              | **o \'   | **o \'  | *    | *    | AR |
|            |              | \"**     | \"**    | *m** | *m** | KS |
|            |              |          |         |      |      | ** |
+============+==============+==========+=========+======+======+====+
| #          | **           |          | **-90   |      |      |    |
|            | ANTARCTICA** |          | 00 00** |      |      |    |
+------------+--------------+----------+---------+------+------+----+

**Reason: RES RAS** sets out the details of the limitation on the radio
astronomy service. Annex 1 lists the observatories that operate in the
radio astronomy service in bands shared with terrestrial services above
71 GHz at the time of WRC-00.

**DRAFT RESOLUTION XXX (WRC-2000)**

CONSIDERATION BY A FUTURE WORLD

RADIOCOMMUNICATION CONFERENCE OF ISSUES DEALING

WITH SHARING BETWEEN PASSIVE AND ACTIVE SERVICES 71GHz

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Istanbul, 2000),

## *considering*

a)  that the changes made to the table of allocations by WRC-2000 in
    bands above 71 GHz were based on the requirements known at the time
    of the conference;

b)  that the passive service spectrum requirements above 71 GHz are
    based on physical phenomenon and therefore are well known. These
    requirements are reflected in the changes made to the table of
    allocations by WRC-2000;

c\) that several bands above 71 GHz are already used by EESS (passive)
and SR (passive) because they are unique bands to measure specific
atmospheric parameters;

d\) that currently there is only limited knowledge of requirements and
implementation plans for the active services to operate in bands above
71 GHz;

e\) that in the past, technological developments have led to viable
communication systems operating at increasingly higher frequencies and
this can be expected to continue so as to make communication technology
available in the future for the frequency bands above 71 GHz;

f\) that in the future, there should be accommodation of alternative
spectrum needs of the active and passive services when the new
technologies become available;

g\) that, following the revisions to the table of allocations by
WRC-2000, sharing studies may be required for services in some bands
above 71 GHz;

h\) that interference criteria for passive sensors have been developed
and are given in ITU-R SA.1029-1;

j\) that sharing criteria for active and passive services in bands above
71 GHz have not yet fully developed within the ITU-R;

k\) that in order to ensure the protection of passive services above 71
GHz WRC-2000 avoided co-allocations of active and passive services to
prevent potential sharing problems;

# *recognizing*

that to the extent practicable, the burden of sharing among active and
passive services should be equitably distributed amongst the allocated
services;

# *invites ITU-R*

1\) continue its studies to determine if sharing is possible between
active and passive services in the bands above 71 GHz;

2\) to take into account the principles of burden sharing to the extent
practicable in their studies;

3\) complete the necessary studies, as soon as the technical
characteristics of the active services in these bands are known;

4\) develop recommendations specifying sharing criteria for those bands
where sharing is feasible.

# *resolves*

that a future competent conference should consider the results of ITU-R
studies with a view to revise as appropriate the Radio Regulations in
order to accommodate the emerging requirements of the active services
taking into account the requirements of the passive services, in bands
above 71 GHz;

# *instructs the Secretary-General*

to bring this Resolution to the attention of the international and
regional organizations concerned.

**RESOLUTION YYY (WRC-2000)**

CONSIDERATION BY A FUTURE COMPETENT WORLD

RADIOCOMMUNICATION CONFERENCE OF ISSUES DEALING WITH

SHARING BETWEEN ACTIVE SERVICES ABOVE 71 GHz

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Istanbul, 2000),

#### *considering*

a\) that WRC-2000 made changes to the table of allocations above 71 GHz,
following consideration of science service issues;

b)  that there are several co-primary active services in some bands
    above 71 GHz in the table of allocations as revised by WRC-2000;

c\) that there is limited knowledge of characteristics of active
services that may be developed to operate in bands above 71 GHz;

d)  that sharing criteria for sharing between active services in bands
    above 71 GHz have not yet been fully developed within the ITU-R;

```{=html}
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```
e)  that sharing between multiple co-primary active services may hinder
    the development of each active service in bands above 71 GHz;

f)  that the technology for some active services may be commercially
    available earlier than for some other active services;

g)  that adequate spectrum should be available for the active services
    for which the technology is available at a later time;

*noting*

that sharing criteria need to be developed, to be used by a future
Conference, for determining to what extent sharing between multiple
co-primary active services is possible in each of the bands;

##### *resolves*

1.  that appropriate measures should be taken to fulfill the spectrum
    requirements for active services for which the technology is
    commercially available at a later time;

2.  that sharing criteria be developed for co-primary active services in
    bands above 71 GHz;

3.  that the sharing criteria developed should form a basis for a review
    of active service allocations above 71 GHz at a future conference,
    if necessary;

#### *requests ITU-R*

to complete the necessary studies with a view to presenting, at the
appropriate time, the technical information likely to be required as a
basis for the work of a future competent Conference;

#### *instructs the Secretary-General*

to bring this Resolution to the attention of the international and
regional organizations concerned.

**Reasons:** There is no consensus whether sharing between the passive
services and the active services is feasible in many of the bands above
71 GHz. This is because there is a lack of information available on
these active services in this frequency range. New Resolution XXX has
been added which calls for ITU-R studies on sharing between active and
passive services in bands above 71 GHz. Similarly, sharing conditions
between many of the relocated active services above 71 GHz are not known
and need to be developed and Resolution YYY calls for studies that can
develop sharing criteria and should form a basis for a review of active
service allocations above 71 GHz at a future conference, if necessary

######  {#section-25 .unnumbered}

######   {#section-26 .unnumbered}

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.17

####### To consider possible worldwide allocation for the earth exploration-satellite (passive) and space research (passive) service in the band 18.6 - 18.8 GHz, taking into account the results of the ITU-R studies

######## Proposal for worldwide allocation to the Earth exploration-satellite (passive) services in the band 18.6-18.8 GHz on a primary basis

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[El Salvador\], \[Grenada\],
\[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\],
\[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\],
\[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\],
\[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, United States

**[Background Information]{.underline}:** At present, the allocations
for the Earth exploration-satellite (passive) and the space research
(passive) services in the band 18.6 - 18.8 GHz are on a primary basis in
Region 2, but on a secondary basis in Regions 1 and 3.

The allocation to the Earth exploration-satellite (passive) service must
be upgraded to primary status if the long-term ability to obtain
environmental data with passive spaceborne sensors is to be preserved.
Compatibility between the passive sensors and the fixed and
fixed-satellite services requires adoption of constraints on the
parameters of the fixed and fixed-satellite systems that use the band.

A pfd limit of -95 dBW/m^2^ in a reference bandwidth of 200 MHz on
geostationary systems in the fixed-satellite service will enable passive
sensors to perform their mission if measurements are restricted to
portions of the sensor orbit where the sensor is moving away from the
equator while taking sensor data over land masses. Additionally,
allowing for an exceedance of this value by 3dB for up to 5 % of the
time will allow the fixed satellite service to implement power control
in overcoming rain fades when needed.

Similarly, limiting the power delivered to any antenna of a station in
the fixed service measured across the band 18.6 - 18.8 GHz to not exceed
0 dBW in 200 MHz along with an antenna pattern complying with
Recommendation ITU-R F.699-4 will enable sharing with the fixed service.

**Proposal(s):**

+-------------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+
| **GHz**                 |                    |                       |
|                         |                    |                       |
| **18.6 -- 18.8**        |                    |                       |
+-------------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+
| Allocation to Services  |                    |                       |
+-------------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+
| Region 1                | Region 2           | Region 3              |
+-------------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+
| **18.6 -- 18.8**        | **18.6 -- 18.8**   | **18.6 -- 18.8**      |
|                         |                    |                       |
| [EARTH EXPLORATION-\    | EARTH              | [EARTH EXPLORATION-\  |
| SATELLITE               | EXPLORATION-\      | SATELLITE             |
| (passive)]{.underline}  | SATELLITE          | (                     |
|                         | (passive)          | passive)]{.underline} |
| FIXED                   |                    |                       |
|                         | FIXED              | FIXED                 |
| FIXED-SATELLITE\        |                    |                       |
| (space-to-Earth)        | FIXED-SATELLITE\   | FIXED-SATELLITE\      |
|                         | (space-to-Earth)   | (space-to-Earth)      |
| **MOD** S5.523          |                    |                       |
|                         | **MOD** S5.523     | **MOD** S5.523        |
| MOBILE except\          |                    |                       |
| aeronautical mobile     | MOBILE except\     | MOBILE except\        |
|                         | aeronautical       | aeronautical mobile   |
| ~~Earth                 | mobile             |                       |
| Exploration-Satellite\  |                    | ~~Earth               |
| (passive)~~             | SPACE RESEARCH\    | E                     |
|                         | (passive)          | xploration-Satellite\ |
| Space Research          |                    | (passive)~~           |
| (passive)               | **MOD** S5.522     |                       |
|                         |                    | Space Research        |
| **MOD** S5.522          |                    | (passive)             |
|                         |                    |                       |
|                         |                    | **MOD** S5.522        |
+-------------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+

**Reasons**: To establish a common worldwide primary allocation to the
Earth exploration-satellite (passive) services to be used for
environmental measurements.

S5.522 ~~In making assignments to stations in the fixed and mobile
services, administrations are invited to take account of passive sensors
in the Earth exploration-satellite and space research services operating
in the band 18.6 - 18.8 GHz. In this band, administrations should
endeavour to limit as far as possible both the power delivered by the
transmitter to the antenna and the e.i.r.p. in order to reduce the risk
of interference to passive sensors to the minimum.~~ [In the band 18.6 -
18.8 GHz, fixed and mobile service stations shall be limited to a total
power delivered to each antenna of 0 dBW.]{.underline}

**Reasons:** To enable passive sensors and the fixed service to operate
in the band without excessive interference to the sensors.

**S5.523** ~~In assigning frequencies to stations in the fixed-satellite
service in the direction space-to-Earth, administrations are requested
to limit as far as practicable the power flux-density at the Earth's
surface in the band 18.6-18.8 GHz, in order to reduce the risk of
interference to passive sensors in the earth exploration-satellite and
space research services.~~ [The fixed-satellite service shall be limited
to a power flux-density at the Earth's surface of ‑95 (dBW/m^2^ ) across
the 18.6-18.8 GHz band for all angles of arrival. This power
flux-density limit may be exceeded by 3dB for up to 5% of the time
everywhere in the FSS service area. The use of this band by
non-geostationary-satellite orbit fixed satellite service systems with
apogees lower than 20,000 km shall be in accordance with the provisions
of Resolution ZZZ (WRC-2000).]{.underline}

**Reasons:** To enable passive sensors and the fixed-satellite service
to operate in the band without excessive interference to the sensors.
Further, studies have not been completed to determine an allowable power
flux-density limit on non-geostationary fixed satellite service systems
needed to protect Earth exploration-satellite service (passive).

**../1.17/198\
IAP/1.17/56**

**ADD**

DRAFT RESOLUTION ZZZ (WRC-2000)

**Power flux-density limits applicable to NON-GSO systems**

**for protection of earth exploration-satellite**

**service (passive) in the band 18.6-18.8 GHz**

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Istanbul, 2000),

*considering*

a\) that WRC-2000 made changes to the table of allocations in the band
18.6-18.8 GHz;

b\) that the power flux-density (pfd) limit in footnote MOD S5.523 of
the Radio Regulations was derived solely upon consideration of
geostationary-satellite orbit fixed-satellite service systems and
non-geostationary-satellite orbit fixed-satellite service systems with
apogees higher than 20,000 km;

c\) that initial sharing studies have indicated that low-Earth orbiting
fixed-satellite service systems cause significantly greater interference
into Earth exploration-satellite (passive) service sensors than do
geostationary-satellite orbit fixed-satellite service systems;

d\) that further sharing studies are required of the power flux-density
limit applicable to non-geostationary-satellite orbit fixed satellite
service systems operating below 20,000 km for the protection of Earth
exploration-satellite (passive) service systems,

*resolves*

that non-geostationary-satellite orbit fixed-satellite service systems
operating with apogees below 20,000 km shall do so only on a
non-interference basis until an appropriate power flux-density limit is
determined for protection of EESS (passive) systems,

*invites ITU-R*

to study, as a matter of urgency, the appropriate power flux-density
values to be applied to non-geostationary-satellite systems in the
18.6-18.8 GHz band to ensure protection of the Earth
exploration-satellite (passive) service without unduly constraining the
development of either type of system, and submit the results to a future
competent conference,

*instructs the Secretary-General*

to bring this Resolution to the attention of the international and
regional organizations concerned.

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.18

####### to consider the use of new digital technology for the maritime mobile service in the band 

####### 156 ‑ 174 MHz and consequential revision of Appendix 18/S18, taking into account 

####### Resolution 342 (WRC-97);

######## Proposal to modify Appendix S18 and Resolution 342

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[El Salvador\], \[Grenada\],
\[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\],
\[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\],
\[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\],
\[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, United States

[Background Information]{.underline}: Appendix S18 of the ITU Radio
Regulations defines the channels of the maritime mobile service. These
channels support a variety of functions including "Distress, Safety and
Calling: public correspondence, inter-ship, ship/shore/ship, port
operations and ship movement". The maritime mobile frequency band,
156-174 MHz, (effectively 156-162 MHz in the Americas due to previous
domestic regulatory actions), supports maritime communications
worldwide.

WP8B and the CPM studied this agenda item and determined that the status
of the ITU-R studies indicate that revisions of Appendix **S18** to
introduce new digital technologies is not possible at this conference.
However, it is possible to take action to address the issue of
congestion.

With the rapidly increasing use of the VHF maritime mobile band,
particularly for data communications, increased congestion and mutual
interference is being experienced which, among others, has resulted in
unacceptable degradation of the distress and safety related function for
which this band is utilized. Unless action is taken this situation will
only worsen as usage continue to grow.

At WRC-97, CITEL proposed simplex use of duplex channels for Appendix
**S18**. This was approved for a few specific public correspondence
channels only, channels 18 and 82-86. Note M to Appendix **S18** must be
modified to add more channels for simplex use. This will allow for more
efficient use of Appendix **S18** channels and provide flexibility for
administrations to meet their immediate requirements, while maintaining
compatibility with the vast number of ships and pleasure craft now using
the band in accordance with Appendix **S18**.

WP8B and the CPM recommend modifications to Appendix **S18** to provide
administrations with further flexibility to use the channels of Appendix
**S18** in simplex mode if required. This would allow the use of duplex
channels in Appendix **S18** in simplex mode and would increase the
number of available channels. The cost of the change would be minimal
and administrations could be able to quickly address certain local
problems of congestion. Furthermore, the conference could consider
permitting, subject to non-interference and no protection, the use of
some of these channels or sub-bands created by the conversion of duplex
channel to simplex channels for the initial testing and possible future
introduction of new technologies, subject to non-operational use. This
would necessarily be subject to special arrangement between interested
or affected administrations.

CITEL administrations propose to modify Note M to allow simplex use of
duplex channels for the remainder of the channels not already identified
as simplex. CITEL administrations also propose the addition of a new
Note \[Z\] to allow the use of the simplex channels per Note M for the
testing and development of new technologies on a non-operational basis,
subject to special arrangements between affected or interested
administrations.

In addition CITEL administrations propose to modify Resolution **342**
to continue the study of one or more new interoperable technologies for
the maritime mobile service.

Proposal(s):

APPENDIX **S18**

**Table of transmitting frequencies in the VHF\
maritime mobile band**

(See Article **S52**)

> NOTE -- For assistance in understanding the Table, see notes *a)* to
> *n)* below.

  ------------ ---------------------- --------------- ---------- ------------ ------------- ----------------- ----------- -----------------
  Channel      Notes                  Transmitting\              Inter-ship   Port                                        Public\
                                      frequencies\                            operations\                                 corres-pondence
                                      (MHz)                                   and ship                                    
                                                                              movement                                    

  Designator                          Ship stations   Coast                   Single                          Two         
                                                      stations                frequency                       frequency   

  16                                  156.800         156.800    DISTRESS,                                                
                                                                 SAFETY AND                                               
                                                                 CALLING                                                  

  76           *n)*                   156.825                                               x                             

  17           *g)*                   156.850         156.850    x                          x                             

  77                                  156.875                    x                                                        

  18           *m) [,                 156.900         161.500                               x                 x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  78           *[m) ,                 156.925         161.525                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  19           *[m) ,                 156.950         161.550                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  79           *[m) ,                 156.975         161.575                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  20           *[m) ,                 157.000         161.600                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  80           *[m) ,                 157.025         161.625                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  21           *[m) ,                 157.050         161.650                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  81           *[m) ,                 157.075         161.675                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  22           *[m) ,                 157.100         161.700                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  82           *m) [,                 157.125         161.725                               x                 x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  23           *[m) ,                 157.150         161.750                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  83           *m) [,                 157.175         161.775                               x                 x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  24           *[m) ,                 157.200         161.800                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  84           *m) [,                 157.225         161.825                               x                 x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  25           *[m) ,                 157.250         161.850                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  85           *m) [,                 157.275         161.875                               x                 x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  26           *[m) ,                 157.300         161.900                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  86           *m) [,                 157.325         161.925                               x                 x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  27           *[m) ,                 157.350         161.950                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  87                                  157.375                                               x                             

  28           *[m) ,                 157.400         162.000                               [x]{.underline}   x           x
               \[z)\]]{.underline}*                                                                                       

  88                                  157.425                                               x                             

  AIS 1        *l)*                   161.975         161.975                                                             

  AIS 2        *l)*                   162.025         162.025                                                             
  ------------ ---------------------- --------------- ---------- ------------ ------------- ----------------- ----------- -----------------

**Notes referring to the Table**

***Specific notes***

*m)* These channels ~~(18 and 82 to 86)~~ may be operated as single
frequency channels, subject to special arrangement between interested or
affected administrations.

**Reasons**: Adding more channels for simplex use will allow for more
efficient use of Appendix **S18** channels and provide flexibility for
administrations to meet their immediate requirements, while maintaining
compatibility with the vast number of ships and pleasure craft now using
the band in accordance with Appendix **S18**.

\[*z)*\] These channels may be used for the testing and development of
new technologies on a non-interference, no protection, non-operational
basis. Such use is subject to special arrangement between interested or
affected administrations.

**Reasons**: May permit facilitation of the development and testing of
new technology. Use of channels for the development and testing of new
technologies may, in turn, encourage maritime radio equipment
manufacturers to advance or accelerate such development and testing.

**RESOLUTION 342 (WRC-~~97~~[2000]{.underline})**

**Review of new technology to provide improved efficiency in the use of
the band 156-174 MHz by stations in the maritime mobile service**

The World Radiocommunication Conference (~~Geneva, 1997~~[Istanbul,
2000]{.underline}),

considering

*a)* that the agenda of ~~WRC-97~~ [this Conference]{.underline}
include[s]{.underline}~~d~~ the consideration of the use of Appendix
**S18** to the Radio Regulations in respect of maritime mobile
communications and the use of new technology for maritime radiotelephony
channels;

*b)* Recommendation **318** **(Mob-87)**;

*c)* that Appendix **S18** identifies frequencies to be used for
distress and safety communications on an international basis;

*d)* that the introduction of new technology in the maritime mobile
service shall not disrupt distress and safety communications in the VHF
band including those established by the International Convention for the
Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amended;

*e)* that ITU-R is conducting studies on improving efficiency in the use
of this band, and that these studies are still ongoing;

*f)* that changes made in Appendix **S18** should not prejudice the
future use of these frequencies or the capabilities of systems or new
applications required for use by the maritime mobile service;

*g)* that the congestion on Appendix **S18** frequencies calls for the
implementation of efficient new technologies;

*h)* that the use of new technology on maritime VHF frequencies will
make it possible to better respond to the emerging demand for new
services,

noting

*~~a)~~* ~~that some administrations are considering adopting some of
the above changes to their operations within the Appendix **S18**
frequencies,[;]{.underline}~~

[*a)* that digital systems have been successfully implemented in
portions of the land mobile service,]{.underline}

[*b)* that the use of mobile telephones (PCS and Cellular) along the
coast had led to the reduced use of maritime public correspondence
systems,]{.underline}

resolves

*a)* that ~~WRC-99~~ [a future World Radiocommunication
Conference]{.underline} should consider the use of new technology in the
band 156-174 MHz and consequential revision of Appendix **S18** [if
necessary]{.underline};

[*b)* that in order to provide full worldwide interoperability of
equipment on ships, there should be one technology or more than one
interoperable worldwide technology implemented in Appendix
**S18,**]{.underline}

invites ITU-R

to continue studies on the following with a view to providing a report
to ~~WRC‑99~~ [a future WRC and identify the future requirements of the
maritime mobile service. If the requirements warrant the replacement of
existing technology with new technology then]{.underline}:

~~*a)* to identify the future requirements of the maritime mobile
service;~~

*~~b)~~[a)]{.underline}* to identify suitable technical characteristics
of the system or interoperable systems to replace existing technology;

*~~c)~~[b)]{.underline}* to identify necessary modifications [if
required,]{.underline} to the frequency plan contained within Appendix
**S18**;

*~~d)~~[c)]{.underline}* to recommend a timetable for the introduction
of new technology [if required,]{.underline} and [a transition
plan]{.underline} ~~the necessary changes~~;

*~~e)~~[d)]{.underline}* to study and recommend how new technology can
be introduced without harming the distress and safety requirements,

> instructs the Secretary-General

to communicate this Resolution to the International Maritime
Organization.

**Reasons:** These modifications do not restrict the new technology to
digital or to one technology; all available technologies should be
studied, as new technologies are constantly emerging. It is spectrally
inefficient to set aside spectrum, which is already extremely congested,
for a new technology that has not yet been determined.

###### 

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.19*bis*

####### in accordance with Article S14, to consider objections expressed by administrations with respect to the Radio Regulations Board\'s Rules of Procedure relating to the application of RR 2674/S23.13 in order for the Bureau to modify its findings in accordance with the conclusions of the Conference

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Canada\], \[Chile\], \[Colombia
\], \[Costa Rica\], \[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Ecuador\]
\[El Salvador\], \[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\],
\[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Mexico\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\],
\[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and
Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

United States

##### **[Background Information:]{.underline}** No. S23.13 (RR2674) states that, \"in devising the characteristics of a space station in the broadcasting-satellite service, all technical means available shall be used to reduce, to the maximum, the radiation over the territory of other countries unless an agreement has been previously reached with such countries.\" No. S23.13 (RR2674) was adopted at WARC-71. It was intended as a statement of good engineering practice to reduce BSS interference with the terrestrial services outside of the intended service area. 

At WRC-95, however, some countries sought to have the interpretation of
No. S23.13 (RR 2674) revised to require, as a condition for
registration, the approval of other countries within the service area of
a BSS system proposed as a plan modification. After thorough debate,
WRC-95 instructed the RRB to revise its Rules of Procedures to reflect
the results of its debate. The decision reached by WRC-95 reflected a
difficult compromise on the parts of all parties involved. The RRB made
the revisions, but further concerns were raised at WRC-97. These
concerns led WRC-97 to adopt Resolution 536 which resolves that: \"in
addition to observing No. S23.13/2674, and before providing satellite
broadcasting services to other administrations, administrations
originating the services should obtain the agreement of those other
administrations.\"

Still dissatisfied after a review of the RRB Rules for RR S23.13 under
the \"review of finding\" procedures of Article S14, the concerned
countries persuaded the 1998 meeting of the ITU Council to adopt new
agenda item 1.19bis.

**Proposal(s):**

Therefore, CITEL is of the view that there is no need to repeat the work
and discussion of WRC-95 and WRC-97, and that Resolution 536 and RR
S23.13 are sufficient. CITEL proposes that WRC-2000 not revise the
present Rule of Procedure for RR S23.13/2674 to apply it retroactively,
i.e., to BSS filings (under Article 4 of Appendix S30 or under
Resolution 33/S9) made prior to 18 November 1995. CITEL also supports
the existing separation of Article 4 of Appendix S30 and the Rule of
Procedure for RR S23.13/2674.

**Reason**: Agenda Item 1.19*bis* has the effect of re-opening an issue
that was resolved after much discussion first at WRC-95, and then at
WRC-97 by the adoption of Resolution 536.

######  {#section-28 .unnumbered}

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 1.20

####### to consider the issues related to the application of Nos. S9.8, S9.9 and S9.17 and the corresponding parts of Appendix S5 with respect to Appendices S30 and S30A, with a view to possible deletion of Articles 6 and 7 of Appendices S30 and S30A, also taking into consideration Recommendation 35 (WRC‑95);

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Canada\], \[Chile\], \[Colombia
\], \[Costa Rica\], \[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Ecuador\]
\[El Salvador\], \[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\],
\[Honduras\], \[Jamaica\], \[Mexico\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\],
\[Paraguay\], \[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines\], \[St. Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and
Tobago\], \[Uruguay\], \[Venezuela\]

United States

**[Background Information:]{.underline}** Annex 1 to Appendix **S30** of
the Radio Regulations specifies limits for determining whether a service
is affected by a proposed modification to the BSS Plan (i.e., when it is
necessary to seek the agreement of any other administration). Section 5
of Annex 1 specifies limits to the change in the PFD to protect the
terrestrial services of administrations in Regions 1 and 3 from
modifications to the Region 2 Plan. In particular, Section 5c specifies
the PFD limits for administrations in Region 1 east of longitude 30°E.
Further, through Section 8a), the pfd limits in Section 5b) of Annex 1
apply to protect terrestrial services in Regions 1 and 3 from
modifications to the Regions 1 and 3 BSS Plan.

This PFD limit is very stringent at low angles of elevation. For
example, in order to meet this PFD limit the BSS spacecraft power must
be significantly lower in areas of western Region 2 near Region 1 (e.g.,
Alaska) as compared to other areas in Region 2. As a result, the
provision of BSS service to these areas requires larger BSS receive
dishes, in some cases as large as 2.4 m. This will be the case for
Region 2 administrations that propose to modify their Plan assignments
to provide service to these areas.

One CITEL Administration requires provision of BSS service to Alaska
when technically feasible. A relaxation in the PFD limit in Section 5c
of Annex 1 of Appendix **S30**, as proposed below, would allow the use
of 60 cm BSS receive dishes in these areas for BSS service. The ITU-R
studied possible modifications to the limits in Sections 5b) and 5c) of
Annex 1. Section 5.2.3.5 of the CPM Report contains a proposed change to
these limits. Consequential updates to Table 3 of Article 10 of Appendix
S30 would also be required. Consistent with the CPM Report, the
following changes to Section 5 of Annex 1 of Appendix S30 are
proposed:[^14]

APPENDIX **S30**

**\* \* \***

ANNEX 1

**\* \* \***

# 5 Limits to the change in the power flux-density to protect the terrestrial services of administrations in Regions 1 and 3[^15]**^6^**

With respect to § 4.3.3.4 of Article 4, an administration in Region 1 or
3 shall be considered as being affected if the proposed modification to
the Region 2 Plan would result in the following power flux-density
limits being exceeded:

*a)* in the frequency band 12.2-12.7 GHz for all the territories of
administrations in Regions 1[^16]^7^ and 3 and for any arrival angle  :

-- 125 dB(W/m2/4 kHz) for broadcasting-satellite space stations using
circular polarization;

-- 128 dB(W/m2/4 kHz) for broadcasting-satellite space stations using
linear polarization;

*b)* in the frequency band 12.2-12.7 GHz for territories of
administrations in Regions 117 and 3 [^17]^8^:

-- 148 dB(W/m2/4 kHz) for 0° 5°;

-- 148 0.5( -- 5) dB(W/m2/4 kHz) for 5° 25°;

-- 138 dB(W/m2/4 kHz) for 25° 90°;

*c)* in the frequency band 12.5-12.7 GHz for all the territories of
administrations of Regions 117 and 3:

-- 148 dB(W/m2/4 kHz) for 0°;

-- 148 4.6975 2 dB(W/m2/4 kHz) for 0° 0.8°;

-- 142.5 25 log dB(W/m2/4 kHz) for 0.8°;

where is the angle of arrival of the incident wave above the horizontal
plane, in degrees.

###### WRC-2000 Agenda Item 2

####### 

## **to examine the revised ITU-R Recommendations incorporated by reference in the Radio Regulations in accordance with Resolution 28 (WRC-95); and decide whether or not to update the corresponding references in the Radio Regulations, in accordance with principles contained in the Annex to Resolution 27 (Rev.WRC-97)**

# 

**Submitted by the following Administrations:**

\[Antigua and Barbuda\], \[Argentina\], \[Bahamas\], \[Barbados\],
\[Belize\], \[Bolivia\], \[Brazil\], \[Chile\], \[Costa Rica\],
\[Dominica\], \[Dominican Republic\], \[Ecuador\] \[El Salvador\],
\[Grenada\], \[Guatemala\], \[Guyana\], \[Haiti\], \[Honduras\],
\[Jamaica\], \[Mexico\], \[Nicaragua\], \[Panama\], \[Paraguay\],
\[Peru\], \[Saint Lucia\], \[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\], \[St.
Kitts and Nevis\], \[Suriname\], \[Trinidad and Tobago\], \[Uruguay\],
\[Venezuela\]

**Canada, Colombia, United States**

## 

### [Background Information]{.underline}: Certain provisions of the Radio Regulations make specific reference to ITU-R Recommendations. As the ITU-R Recommendations are updated, it is necessary to determine if such references should be continued, suppressed, or updated citing the revised version of the applicable ITU-R Recommendation. {#background-information-certain-provisions-of-the-radio-regulations-make-specific-reference-to-itu-r-recommendations.-as-the-itu-r-recommendations-are-updated-it-is-necessary-to-determine-if-such-references-should-be-continued-suppressed-or-updated-citing-the-revised-version-of-the-applicable-itu-r-recommendation. .heading_b}

Although the principle of Incorporation by Reference is widely supported
by ITU members, its implementation in practice leads to various
difficulties. It is important that administrations are aware of which
recommendations could be candidates for incorporation by reference into
the Radio Regulations. Also, administrations need to know of any ITU-R
Recommendation currently incorporated by reference, which are being (or
have been) revised during the current study period. Administrations
would benefit greatly by being advised of such recommendations well in
advance of a WRC. Therefore, a mechanism for the early identification
should be established.

In order to allow administrations as much time as possible to consult
their experts and to consider the implications of updating references in
the Radio Regulations, to reflect changes to Recommendations which are
currently incorporated by reference, the approach outlined in 1) below
is proposed. Similarly, to facilitate the work of administrations in
their preparation for the possible introduction of new instances where
Recommendations may be incorporated by reference into the Radio
Regulations, the approach outlined in 2) below is proposed.

1\) Rather than have only the Radiocommunication Assembly (RA)
communicate to the WRC a list of the ITU-R Recommendations currently
incorporated by reference in the Radio Regulations which have been
revised and approved during the elapsed study period, the Director of
the Radiocommunication Bureau should provide a report to the Conference
Preparatory Meeting. This report would also include a listing of those
ITU-R Recommendations currently incorporated by reference which are
being revised in preparation for the RA. This report would be for
information only and would not confer any special status on the
Recommendations listed.

2\) If a Recommendation is not currently incorporated by reference into
the Radio Regulations, it could only be considered for incorporation by
reference if it is in response to a WRC agenda item.

######## Proposals to modify Resolution 27 (Rev.WRC-97) and Resolution 28 (WRC-95):

#### ../2/218

#### MOD

#### 

RESOLUTION **27** (Rev.WRC-~~97~~2000)

##### **References to ITU-R and ITU-T Recommendations in the Radio Regulations**

> The World Radiocommunication Conference (~~Geneva, 1997~~ Istanbul,
> 2000),
>
> *considering*
>
> *a)* that the principles of incorporation by reference were adopted by
> the WRC-95 and have been revised by this Conference (see Annex 1 to
> this Resolution);
>
> *b)* that there are provisions of the Radio Regulations which employ
> mandatory incorporation by reference but fail to make explicit
> reference to the ITU-R or ITU-T Recommendations incorporated;
>
> *c)* that the 199~~7~~9Conference Preparatory Meeting (CPM-~~97~~99)
> for this Conference urged administrations to give further
> consideration to the status of material incorporated by reference:
>
> -- using the initial assessment provided by the Radiocommunication
> Bureau in the CPM Report and the set of principles given in Annex 1 to
> this Resolution;
>
> -- noting that mandatory references shall be explicit and use the
> appropriate regulatory language;
>
> -- taking into account the factors set out in Annex 2 to this
> Resolution;
>
> *d)* that the Director of the Radiocommunication Bureau has drawn up a
> list (see Annex 1 to the CPM Report to this Conference) of the
> provisions of the Radio Regulations using incorporation by reference,
> which provides an initial assessment of the status of each reference
> and forms the basis for the work on appropriate referencing, examples
> of which are contained in Annex 3 to this Resolution;
>
> *e)* that the Bureau has drawn up a list, contained in Annex 4 to this
> Resolution, of the ITU-R Recommendations to which explicit reference
> is made in the Radio Regulations,
>
> *resolves*
>
> that ITU-R and ITU-T Recommendations incorporated or proposed for
> incorporation by reference in the provisions of the Radio Regulations
> be identified and examined at WRC-~~99~~\[2003\], with a view to
> establishing the correct method of reference in accordance with the
> principles set out in Annex 1 to this Resolution and taking into
> account the factors listed in Annex 2 to this Resolution, in order to
> complete the simplification of the Radio Regulations in respect of
> incorporation by reference,
>
> *further resolves*
>
> that, in the case of ITU-R Recommendations which are not currently
> referenced in the Radio Regulations, only those Recommendations which
> are in response to a WRC agenda item can be considered for
> incorporation by reference,
>
> *instructs the Director of the Radiocommunication Bureau*
>
> to arrange for a review of the provisions of the Radio Regulations
> containing references to ITU-R or ITU-T Recommendations and propose
> suitable recommendations to the CPM-~~99~~\[2002\] for inclusion in
> its Report to WRC-~~99~~\[2003\], using the list of provisions
> contained in Annex 3 to this Resolution together with the guidance
> contained in Annexes 1 and 2 to this Resolution, and taking into
> account the list of ITU-R Recommendations contained in Annex 4 to this
> Resolution,
>
> *urges administrations*
>
> to use the CPM Report to WRC-~~99~~\[2003\] in order to prepare their
> proposals on incorporation by reference to that Conference.
>
> ANNEX 1 TO RESOLUTION 27 (Rev.WRC-~~97~~2000)

##### **Principles of incorporation by reference**

> 1 Where references are non-mandatory, it is not necessary to establish
> specific conditions in applying the texts quoted. In such cases,
> reference could, for example, be made to "the latest version" of a
> Recommendation.
>
> 2 Mandatory references to Resolutions or Recommendations of a world
> radiocommunication conference (WRC) are acceptable without
> restriction, since such texts will have been agreed by a WRC.
>
> 3 Where mandatory references are suggested, and the relevant texts are
> brief, the referenced material should be incorporated in the body of
> the Radio Regulations.
>
> 4 If, on a case-by-case basis, it is decided to incorporate material
> by reference on a mandatory basis, then the following provisions shall
> apply:
>
> 4.1 the referenced text shall have the same treaty status as the Radio
> Regulations themselves;
>
> 4.2 the reference must be explicit, specifying the specific part of
> the text (if appropriate) and the version or issue number;
>
> 4.3 the referenced text must be adopted by the Plenary of a competent
> WRC, but should not be part of the Final Acts;
>
> 4.4 all texts incorporated by reference must be readily available, by
> being published in a separate volume;
>
> 4.5 if, between WRCs, a referenced text (e.g. an ITU-R Recommendation)
> is updated, the reference in the Radio Regulations shall continue to
> apply to the original version until such time as a competent WRC
> agrees to incorporate the new version of the reference. The mechanism
> for considering such a step is given in Resolution **28 (Rev.
> WRC-~~95~~2000)**.
>
> ANNEX 2 TO RESOLUTION 27 (Rev.WRC-~~97~~2000)

##### **Factors to be considered for the further application of**

> **incorporation by reference**
>
> In reviewing the provisions of the Radio Regulations employing
> references to other texts, administrations and study groups should
> address the following factors:
>
> 1 whether each reference is of mandatory~~, i.e. incorporated by
> reference,~~ or non-mandatory character;
>
> 2 whether in existing non-mandatory references, or mandatory
> references which are determined to be of non-mandatory character,
> appropriate linking language is used, e.g. the words "should" or
> "may";
>
> 3 whether in existing mandatory references, or other types of
> reference which are determined to be of mandatory character, clear
> mandatory linking language is used, e.g. the word "shall";
>
> 4 whether the incorporated ITU-R or ITU-T Recommendation(s) are
> explicitly identified;
>
> 5 where referenced ITU-R or ITU-T Recommendations are not explicitly
> identified, determine which ones should be identified;
>
> 6 whether text incorporated from ITU-R or ITU-T Recommendations should
> be placed directly in the Radio Regulations instead of using
> incorporation by reference;

7.  if the ITU-R or ITU-T Recommendation to be incorporated is, as a
    whole, unsuitable as treaty status text, whether to limit the
    reference to those portions of the ITU-R or ITU-T Recommendation
    which are of a suitable nature or to place the mandatory portion
    directly in the Radio Regulations.

**Reason:** To clarify that, in the case of ITU-R Recommendations which
are not currently referenced in the Radio Regulations, only those
Recommendations which are in response to a WRC agenda item can be
considered for incorporation by reference. Also, minor consequential
editorial changes have also been identified.

> RESOLUTION 28 (Rev.WRC-~~95~~2000)

##### **Revision of references to ITU-R Recommendations incorporated**

**by reference in the Radio Regulations**

The World Radiocommunication Conference (~~Geneva, 1995~~ Istanbul,
2000),

*considering*

*a)* that the Voluntary Group of Experts on simplification of the Radio
Regulations (VGE) proposed the transfer of certain texts of the Radio
Regulations to other documents, especially to ITU-R Recommendations,
using the incorporation by reference procedure;

*b)* that, in some cases, the provisions of the Radio Regulations imply
an obligation on Member States to conform to the criteria or
specifications incorporated by reference;

*c)* that references to incorporated texts shall be explicit and shall
refer to a precisely identified provision;

*d)* that, taking into account the rapid evolution of technology, ITU-R
may revise the Recommendations incorporated by reference at short
intervals;

*e)* that revised and approved Recommendations will not have the same
legal force as the initial Recommendations incorporated by reference
until a competent world radiocommunication conference has so decided;

*f)* that it would be desirable to ensure, in the cases provided for in
the Radio

Regulations, that the provisions reflect the most recent technical
developments,

### 

*noting*

that Member States would benefit greatly from being advised, as early as
possible, of which Recommendations have been revised and approved during
the study period.

*resolves*

1 that each Radiocommunication Assembly shall communicate to the
following world radiocommunication conference a list of the ITU-R
Recommendations incorporated by reference in the Radio Regulations which
have been revised and approved during the elapsed study period;

2 that, on this basis, the WRC shall examine those revised
Recommendations, and decide whether or not to update the corresponding
references in the Radio Regulations;

3 that, if the WRC decides not to update the corresponding references,
ITU-R shall continue publishing the ITU-R Recommendations currently
referenced in the Radio Regulations;

4 that WRCs shall place the examination of Recommendations in conformity
with *resolves* 1 and *resolves* 2 of this Resolution on the agenda of
future WRCs,

*further resolves*

1 to instruct the Director of the Radiocommunication Bureau to report to
the CPM immediately preceding the WRC those ITU-R Recommendations
already incorporated by reference in the Radio Regulations which have
been revised and approved since the previous WRC, or which may be
revised in time for the Radiocommunication Assembly;

2 that, in the case of ITU-R Recommendations which are not currently
referenced in the Radio Regulations, only those Recommendations which
are in response to a WRC agenda item can be considered for incorporation
by reference,

*urges administrations*

to participate actively in the work of the Radiocommunication Study
Groups and the Radiocommunication Assembly in the revision of those
Recommendations to which mandatory references are made in the Radio
Regulations.

**Reason:** To establish a procedure to advise Administrations, well in
advance of a WRC, of those ITU-R Recommendations already incorporated by
reference in the Radio Regulations which have been revised and approved
since the previous WRC, or which may be revised in time for the
Radiocommunication Assembly. Also to clarify that, in the case of ITU-R
Recommendations which are not currently referenced in the Radio
Regulations, only those Recommendations which are in response to a WRC
agenda item can be considered for incorporation by reference. Minor
consequential editorial changes have also been identified.

[^1]: ^1^**NOC**^1^ **A.S22.1**

[^2]: ^2^

    **IAP/1.13/58**

    **MOD**

    ^2^ **S22.5B.1, C.1, D.1** The equivalent power flux-density is
    defined as the sum of the power flux‑densities produced at a GSO
    receive station on the Earth\'s surface or in the geostationary
    orbit, as appropriate, by all the transmit stations within a
    non-geostationary-satellite system, taking into account the off-axis
    discrimination of a reference receiving antenna assumed to be
    pointing in its nominal direction. The equivalent power flux-density
    is calculated using the following formula:

    $$\text{epfd} = \text{10} \cdot \text{log}_{\text{10}}\left\lbrack \sum_{i = 1}^{N_{s}}{\text{10}^{\frac{\text{pfd}_{i}}{\text{10}}} \cdot \frac{G_{r}\left( q_{i} \right)}{G_{\text{max}}}} \right\rbrack$$
    $$\text{EPFD} = \text{10} \cdot \text{log}_{\text{10}}\left\lbrack \sum_{i = 1}^{N_{a}}{\text{10}^{\frac{P_{i}}{\text{10}}}\text{.}\frac{G_{t}\left( \theta_{i} \right)}{4\text{.}{\pi d}_{i}^{2}}\text{.}\frac{G_{r}\left( \varphi_{i} \right)}{G_{r\text{,max}}}} \right\rbrack$$

    > where:

    *N~a~* is the number of transmit stations in the
    non‑geostationary‑satellite system that are visible from the GSO
    receive station considered on the Earth\'s surface or in the
    geostationary orbit, as appropriate;

    *i* is the index of the transmit station considered in the
    non‑geostationary-satellite system; *P~i~* is the RF power at the
    input of the antenna of the transmit station, considered in the
    non‑geostationary satellite system in dBW in the reference
    bandwidth;

    *~i~* is the off-axis angle between the boresight of the transmit
    station considered in the non‑geostationary satellite system and the
    direction of the GSO receive station; *G~t~(~i~)* is the transmit
    antenna gain (as a ratio) of the station considered in the
    non-geostationary satellite system in the direction of the GSO
    receive station;

    *d~i~* is the distance in metres between the transmit station
    considered in the non-geostationary satellite system and the GSO
    receive station; *~i~* is the off-axis angle between the boresight
    of the antenna of the GSO receive station and the direction of the
    ith transmit station considered in the non‑geostationary satellite
    system;

    *G~ri~)* is the receive antenna gain (as a ratio) of the GSO receive
    station in the direction of the ith transmit station considered in
    the non‑geostationary satellite system;

    *G~r,max~* is the maximum gain (as a ratio) of the antenna of the
    GSO receive station;

    *EPFD* is the computed equivalent power flux-density in dB(W/m^2^)
    in the reference bandwidth.

[^3]: ^\*^ This transitional regime would be applicable only if the pfd
    limits in section 5c of Annex 1 to Appendix **S30** are sufficiently
    relaxed.

[^4]: ^\*^ This transitional regime would be applicable only if the pfd
    limits in section 5c of Annex 1 to Appendix **S30** are sufficiently
    relaxed.

[^5]: ^1^

[^6]: The Observatoire de Plateau de Bure interferometer consists of 3
    antennas of 15 m diameter.

[^7]: The USA MMA (MilliMeter Array) will consist of 40 antennas of 8-m
    diameter, on a ring configuration.\
    The diameter of the ring will be capable of variation, ranging from
    80 m to 10 km across.

[^8]: The Japanese LMSA (Large Southern Millimeter Array) will consist
    of 50 antennas of 10-m diameter.

[^9]: The VLA consists of 27 antennas of 25-m diameter, arranged in a Y
    pattern up to 36 km across.

[^10]: The VLBA consists of 10 antennas of 25 m diameter, distributed
    across the continental US, Hawaii and\
    the US Virgin Islands

[^11]: The Caltech Interferometer consists of 3 antennas of 10.4 m
    diameter

[^12]: The BIMA (Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland Array) currently consists of
    9 antennas of 6.1-m diameter. The\
    final configuration will consist of 11 antennas.

[^13]: ^7^ The Nobeyama site includes a 45 m diamater telescope, an
    interferometer that consists of 6 antennas of\
    10 m diameter, and a 60 cm diamter submillimeter telescoope.

[^14]: It is noted that the Joint Rapporteur Group between Joint Working
    Party 10-11S and Working Party 9D may continue to review the other
    terrestrial power flux density limits in Annex 1 to Appendix S30.

[^15]: ^16^ See § 3.18 of Annex 5.

[^16]: ^17^ In the band 12.5-12.7 GHz in Region 1, these limits are
    applicable only to the territory of administrations mentioned in
    Nos. **S5.494** and **S5.496**.

[^17]: ^18^ See Resolution **34**.