**DOE Review of the Impacts on RHIC of**

**Continuation of E949 at the AGS**

**January 16, 2004**

**Presented to**

**DOE Office of Nuclear Physics**

**by**

**Brookhaven National Laboratory**

January 27-28, 2004

Upton, New York

\- Table of Contents -

**DOE Review of the Impacts on RHIC of**

**Continuation of E949 at the AGS**

**Brookhaven National Laboratory**

**January 27-28, 2004**

1\. Introduction
.................................................................................................3

2\. Proposed E949
Program.....................................................................................4

3\. Oversight and Management of
E949......................................................................5

4\. E949 Commissioning and
Operations...\..................................................................5

5\. E949 Upgrades/Repairs and
D&D.........................................................................6

a.  AGS

b.  E949

c.  E949 D&D

6\. Incremental Costs and Funding
............................................................................7

### Overall E949 Budget Considerations and Operations Cost

a.  E949 Costs

b.  E949 D&D Costs

## Appendices {#appendices .unnumbered}

I.  RSVP/E949 Review Charge and Instructions from DOE

II. Preliminary Agenda for the Review

III. Additional Web References for the Review

IV. Reviewer List

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1.  **Introduction**

E949 is a compelling experiment that was approved, constructed and began
operations in U.S. fiscal year 2002 (FY02) under sponsorship of the U.S.
Department of Energy's (DOE) Division of High Energy Physics (DHEP) at
the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) at Brookhaven National
Laboratory (BNL). The experiment was not completed because DOE-DHEP
terminated funds for the operation of the AGS in the President's FY03
budget. The completion of E949 was submitted as a new proposal to the
National Science Foundation (NSF) and is under consideration for
operations support at the AGS by that agency. Because this additional
potential use is comparable to the Rare Symmetry Violating Processes
(RSVP) experiments in its potential impacts on the RHIC program, DOE's
Office of Nuclear Physics (ONP) asked that it be included in the review
assessment.

The AGS accelerator complex is now the beam injector for the
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) facility, an application that
requires its operation only a fraction of the 168 calendar hours each
week. At the present time, this fraction is about 60% and it is our goal
to decrease this to 40% over the next few years as the commissioning of
the many different operating modes of RHIC is completed. It is possible
to use the AGS for a separate user program, such as the E949 experiment,
for the remaining \~ 100 hours per week during periods when RHIC runs
simultaneously. If RHIC is not running, it is possible to run the AGS
alone, but typically at higher per-week cost. Such multi-tasking use for
user experiments has already been successfully demonstrated in the
earlier data taking for E949. The purpose of this paper is to address
the potential impact that E949 operations could have on the RHIC program
now in progress for DOE-ONP.

To fully assess the impacts, both positive and negative, of E949
operations on the RHIC program, DOE-ONP included possible E949
operations in the review headed by DOE's Daniel Lehman of the potential
impacts of RSVP on RHIC. The formal Charge to the reviewers, along with
additional guidance for the objectives of the review, is provided as
Appendix I of this paper for the convenience of the reader. This paper
itself meets one of the requirements of the review guidance and includes
a cost and funding spreadsheet that constitutes another of these
requirements. It is anticipated that NSF program officers will attend
the review as observers.

Finally, in this Introduction, we provide a brief guide to the main
content of the paper.

In Section 2, we provide a brief synopsis of the science objectives,
experimental approach, and plans for the operation of E949 if it is
approved and funded. Details of these plans are provided in the form of
web references in Appendix III.

In Section 3, we briefly discuss the plans for oversight and review by
the NSF and DOE, as they are presently understood.

In Section 4, we discuss the specific impacts, positive and negative,
that have transpired during the commissioning and operations periods for
E949 or could transpire during future operations for E949. Although
there are interactions between E949 and RHIC during the repair and
upgrade phase (via the involvement of C-AD staff), these are minor; the
simultaneous machine-use periods are the most important for this review.

In Section 5, we discuss the specific impacts on RHIC during the
repair/upgrade and decommissioning/disposal (D&D) phases of the possible
E949 experiment. In all cases, RHIC activities will have priority in
this area when potential priority conflicts appear.

In Section 6, we present an overall cost and funding Table to show how
possible NSF funding of E949 relates to the E949 work provided by BNL as
well as for experimental operations of the E949 experiment. This
cost/funding Table was also required for this review in the guidance
from DOE.

The material in all these sections will be presented orally during the
review and opportunities provided during the parallel sessions to
explore issues and questions of the reviewers.

2.  **Proposed E949 Program**

Quark mixing and CP violation are among the most intensely investigated
topics in particle physics. The E949 experiment is exploring one of the
only weak interaction processes involving quarks for which the
theoretical ambiguity is small: measurement of the decay K^+^→π^+^νν.
E949 has the proven ability to reach an order of magnitude greater
sensitivity than achieved by the successful precursor experiment E787
which discovered this process. If the Standard Model (SM) prediction is
confirmed, E949 will measure the mixing between t and d quarks \|V~td~\|
to better than 30% precision. This will provide a direct comparison to
the same quantity to be measured by CDF through B~s~ mixing, giving one
of the most stringent tests ever of the SM.

E787 presented evidence for the decay K^+^→π^+^νν based on the
observation of two clean events with an expected background of 0.15±0.05
events. Although the experimental result
B(K^+^→π^+^νν)=1.57^+1.75^~-0.82~×10^-10^ is consistent with the SM
expectation B(K^+^→π^+^νν) = (0.72 ±0.21)×10^-10^, the central
experimental value exceeds it by a factor of two. E949 encompasses many
improvements to the E787 apparatus which decrease backgrounds and allow
for running at higher rates. The possibility of a larger than expected
branching ratio gives strong impetus for E949 to fully explore the
possibility of new physics, or alternatively, to make a precise
measurement of \|V~td~\|.

The experience of E787 provided a high level of confidence in projecting
the sensitivity of E949. This has been borne out by analysis of data
from the 12 week run in 2002. E949 employs the full intensity of the AGS
proton beam, five times greater than available to E787 and runs
concurrently with RHIC. Two options for operation of E949, formulated
with BNL management, are considered below. With Option A, at 12 weeks
per year over a three-year period E949 will achieve a sensitivity of
(11-18)×10^-12^. With Option B, at 18 weeks per year, E949 will achieve
a sensitivity of (8-14)×10^-12^. Thus, E949 will reach a sensitivity of
approximately an order of magnitude beyond the SM prediction for this
process and that achieved by E787.

E949 was granted scientific approval (a \`must do\' experiment) in 1998
by BNL and in 1999 the DOEDHEP approved funding for E949 to run for
three years as \`\...high priority for the DHEP.\' Due to the omission
of funds for completing E949 after its initial 12 week run, the E949
collaboration is currently seeking support from the NSF to operate E949
to complete the experiment and realize its goals.

3.  **Oversight and Management of E949**

#  {#section .unnumbered}

E949 experimental operations at the AGS will be overseen for NSF, DOE
and BNL by the ALD-HENP and these will transpire under the normal BNL
operations procedures and controls for AGS experiments. Most of these
conduct of operations systems are based in the Collider-Accelerator
Department (C-AD) but other BNL administrative units, such as the
Physics Department, RHIC-AGS Users Office and the Instrumentation
Division are also involved in aspects of the commissioning and
data-taking phases of the experiments. There are well-established
controls for all aspects of these operations that ensure safe and secure
operations plus protection of the environment under a long-established
Conduct-of-Operations methodology for C-AD experiments.

# E949 Commissioning and Operations

The E949 experiment, supported by DOE-DHEP, successfully completed an
engineering run concurrent with RHIC operations during the fall of 2001
(September 1, 2001 -- November 7, 2001). The beam intensity was limited
to 40×10^12^ protons per pulse (Tp) due to a lack of sufficient CAD
resources to commission higher harmonic operation of one of the Booster
RF cavities (this problem has been solved). During this period two
DOE-DNP experiments were run in addition to E949: E930 and E931. Even
with several experiments running simultaneously, with the Siemans under
repair, and during a year when RHIC operations were still in shake-down
mode, reasonable operations were achieved, with up to 80 hours of SEB
operation per week. With all of the accumulated experience in RHIC
operations achieved since 2001, it is expected that a steady state
operation with 100 hours per week should be achievable. Commissioning of
high intensity SEB operation will necessarily take time each year that
it is attempted; however, with the successful commissioning 40 Tp
operations in 2001, there is every reason to believe that commissioning
of 65 Tp operations should be achievable.

The plan is to operate E949 concurrent with (and outside if funds and
logistics permit) the operation of RHIC during the construction phase of
RSVP. This is possible since during a typical 4-hour store, with beams
colliding at full energy in RHIC, the injector complex, consisting of
the Tandem and Linac pre-injectors and the Booster and AGS synchrotrons,
is idle. The 4-hour store length is presently determined by
Intra-Beam-Scattering (IBS) that leads to a typical Au-Au luminosity
lifetime of about 2 hours. A future luminosity upgrade of RHIC consists
of full-energy electron cooling to counteract IBS (RHIC II). Even in
this case the store length will be about 4 hours due to direct
"burn-off" of the gold beam at the four RHIC collision points.

At the end of a store the super-conducting RHIC magnets are ramped to
injection energy and each of the two RHIC rings is refilled with up to
111 bunches. Even though the actual filling time is only about 5 -- 10
minutes a full hour is allocated to allow for tune up of the injector
performance.

The AGS complex has long had multi-user capabilities even before its use
as RHIC injector. This capability allowed for fast and accurate
switching of all control points of the complex between four different
modes of operation. The switch can be accomplished between two AGS or
Booster pulses and is therefore referred to as pulse-to-pulse (PPM)
modulation. Each mode of operation is tuned up to maximum beam
performance and then loaded either synchronously (repetitive) or
asynchronously (on demand). This feature has been used routinely and
very successfully for e.g. early RHIC commissioning during AGS
Slow-Extracted Beam (SEB) operation, g-2 Fast-Extracted Beam (FEB)
commissioning during SEB operation, and most recently for beam operation
for the National Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) during AGS set-up for
RHIC operation.

More recently a somewhat expanded "mode switching" was developed that
allowed slower devices such as stripping foil changers and solid core
magnets to be included. In this case a script automates the whole
switching process that now typically takes about 2-5 minutes depending
on the slowest device. This "mode switching" has successfully been used
to operate high intensity SEB for E949 as well as polarized proton
commissioning in the AGS during RHIC stores. This is the mode presently
planned for the operation of E949. We are investigating the possibility
of implementing faster PPM switching between high intensity E949 running
and RHIC injection to further increase the availability of the AGS for
E949. This may be particularly important if even shorter RHIC stores are
needed.

Mode switching between high intensity E949 running and polarized proton
injection into RHIC will take about 10 minutes because the
superconducting Siberian snake in the AGS will have to be ramped to zero
field for high intensity beam. However, RHIC stores with polarized
proton collisions are not limited by IBS and therefore have much longer
stores of about 8-10 hours.

The AGS complex has operated at the world's highest proton intensity of
7x10^13^ protons per pulse and has still maintained an activation level
that allowed maintenance by hand. This was achieved by limiting losses
and proton throughput so that the machine activation stays below a
pre-set level. It is planned to continue this policy, as was done for
the first run of E949 in 2002 and is expected for any possible future
runs of E949. Nevertheless, there will be enhanced activation of the
accelerator components of the Booster and AGS and "cool-off" periods of
a few hours will be needed before particularly activated areas can be
accessed. This can impact RHIC operations if emergency repairs of the
injector are required. On the positive side, due to the continuous
operation of the injector complex any equipment failure will be detected
and corrected immediately instead of only by the time of the next
filling period for RHIC leading to better injector uptime for RHIC.

Reduced lifetime due to radiation damage of especially exposed
components will be mitigated by preventive replacement. It is expected
that one or two Booster magnets will have to be replaced every year.

# E949 Upgrades/Repairs and D&D

a.  **AGS**

There are no construction items for the injector complex.

b.  **E949**

E949 was approved by the DOE Division of High Energy Physics on August
26, 1999. The construction of the detector and upgrades to the beam line
were completed in 2001. The new proposal to NSF includes several repairs
and upgrades to both the beam line and detector. The manpower and
material for the repairs to the beam line, estimated at \$628K, will be
the responsibility of NSF. The work is expected to take five months and
will be scheduled so as not to impact RHIC operations. The manpower for
detector preparations does not involve any DOE-NP funded personnel.

c.  **E949 D&D**

The D&D plan for E949 is to restore the AGS floor to the conditions
existing at the end of the 2002 run sponsored by DOE within a reasonable
number of years after the end of experiment operations. It is recognized
that a 2-3 year "cool-down" period will be required before D&D can
begin.

 Since E949 is an operating experiment the NSF responsibility for D&D
will include only those items added subsequent to the end of the DOE
funded segment of operations. This includes new front-end magnets, a
refurbished beam separator and a new beam dump. The estimated costs are
given in Section 6c below.

4.  **E949 Incremental Costs and Funding**

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a.  **Overall E949 budget considerations and Operations Cost**

#  {#section-1 .unnumbered}

The cost to operate the E949 experiment is calculated incremental to the
costs of RHIC operations. This incremental and cost sharing model had
been the case at the AGS, for the period of 1986-2002, between HEP and
NP during the pre-RHIC and into the RHIC era. AGS fixed target
operations costs are based on past experience with HEP and NP
experiments as well as NASA, NNSA and BES experiments. The cost
estimates to follow cover the various running scenarios envisioned for
the E949 experiment and are based on the following assumptions.

-   AGS slow extracted beam (SEB) operations E949 will run concurrent
    with RHIC collider operations when possible. Running concurrent with
    RHIC operations will require base personnel support for the AGS
    fixed target operation. Without base support short runs are costed
    on a per hour basis (full cost recovery) for personnel and materials
    and scheduled outside of RHIC operations. Such runs are considered
    on a case-by-case basis and carried out only if the impact on RHIC
    shutdown work is minimal.

-   During RHIC injection all other machine operations will cease, so as
    to allow full attention to this process. This mode of operation was
    commissioned in FY 2001 with the successful operation of the AGS as
    a heavy ion injector for RHIC and for high intensity proton (SEB)
    for three AGS fixed target experiments. Switching times of order
    15-30 minutes have been demonstrated. This should result in about
    100 hours per week for SEB.

-   The NSF HEP program operations costs are calculated as an
    incremental cost to the base NP support of RHIC injector operations.

-   The NSF will incrementally support the power costs for SEB, beam
    transport and experimental area operations. The standby AGS power
    consumption of 7 MW (RHIC Operating with protons) or 5 MW (RHIC
    Operating with HI) is billed to RHIC operations. The additional
    flattop, extraction system, beam transport and experiment power is
    billed to the NSF. Power costs are billed on an actual use basis
    whereas other costs, personnel and materials, are billed according
    to previously established average costs. Power costs are assumed to
    be fixed at \$55/MWhr through July 2005 and \$85/MWhr thereafter.
    Our present NYPA contract will expire in July 2005 and \$85/MWhr is
    the guidance we've been given by the laboratory. Note this rate is
    still significantly less than the Long Island homeowner pays.

-   Most accelerator manpower is covered by RHIC operations. Main
    control room operations is sufficient to cover SEB operations during
    RHIC collision operations. There are no manpower charges except for
    an incremental effort to support the SEB extraction system.

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-   The RHIC program does not support any manpower for AGS experiments.
    NP has not budgeted test beam support for its own program. All
    experimental area manpower support will be billed to the NSF. The
    manpower costs that are shown below consist of a base manpower level
    that supports the extraction system, switchyard transport, primary
    proton transport and the primary target area. The incremental
    manpower cost for an experiment is explicitly identified. The
    additional HEP manpower is matrixed into the Collider Accelerator
    Department staff.

-   M&S, DTS and special procurement for AGS/Experiment concurrent with
    RHIC operations are charged incremental to RHIC. It is assumed E949
    is on 80% of the time (i.e. off during RHIC fills).

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-   M&S, DTS and special procurement for E949 operation outside of RHIC
    operations are fully charged (no RHIC help). Only shift differential
    (15%), however, is charged for accelerator machine operations staff.

-   Capital construction costs are fully borne by the NSF. This includes
    any experiment upgrades/repairs and beam line upgrades/repairs.

The RHIC schedule for FY2005 and beyond is not set. The optimal RHIC
operations plan calls for 37 weeks per year of RHIC cryogenic plant
operation but the required funding to do this has not materialized.
Consequently, for this exercise, a constant effort 27 weeks per year
RHIC running scenario is assumed. Of the 27 weeks only 24 weeks are
available for RHIC beam activities since 3 weeks are required for
cool-down and warm-up of the RHIC magnets. Furthermore, 5 weeks of
intense beam development are generally required to establish stable
physics running conditions for RHIC for each beam species used. So, if
one beam species is used by RHIC then that will leave a net 19 weeks
available for AGS fixed target experiments and if two beam species are
used by RHIC experiments this will result in 14 weeks available for AGS
fixed target work. Running outside of RHIC operations is possible and
will be considered on a case-by-case basis. The issues are impact on
RHIC shutdown activities and possible power curtailment agreements (a
summer issue). For planning we assume the E949 experiment could operate
for up to about 8 weeks/year in this mode.

The rare kaon decay (K^+^ π^+^vv) experiment, E949, has been proposed
to run during the RSVP

construction period. Costs for this experiment are figured incremental
to RHIC and RSVP. Some beam development work for RSVP (mostly MECO) will
not be compatible with SEB for E949.

 

The operations costs for E949 are based on the proceeding guidelines and
the following:

 

-   RSVP pays for base support for AGS SEB. The assumption is beam
    development work for RSVP experiments will be scheduled throughout
    the RHIC running periods and E949 will operate either concurrent
    with this work or operate during periods RSVP development is off. It
    is assumed RSVP will provide base support, nominally 16 of the full
    compliment of 18 FTE's will be required by the RSVP experiments
    during the beam development phase of the project (proposed E949
    running period).

-   17 FTE base labor is required for E949 operations. It is assumed
    that E949 will operate with second priority to RSVP needs and will
    share the 16 FTE's paid for by RSVP. One additional FTE is then
    needed to complete the 17 FTE complement for E949.

-   M&S, DTS and special procurement for E949 is charged incremental to
    RSVP operations, RHIC operations or RHIC shutdown as appropriate.

-   In the year preceding the start of the run, preparatory work for the
    experimental area must be completed. Work includes the AGS,
    switchyard and beam transport as well as work to retrofit the LESB3
    shielding for the refurbished (to be completed) LESB2 separator,
    install the new Q1 Q2 doublet, build a new target, repair beam
    instrumentation, shake-down the switchyard and beam transport and
    deal with beam dump issues. Funds for this work must be received at
    least 5 months before the start of the E949 run.

A breakdown of costs to run E949 follows:

  ------------------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ---------------- ----------------
  **E949 Operations Cost,                                                               
  FY 2003 \$\'s with Full                                                              
  BNL and NSF Indirects**                                                              

  (based on p. pile 4 Dec                                                              
  2002 memo, subject: AGS                                                              
  SEB Operations Cost                                                                  
  Update - E949 and RSVP -                                                             
  *with modifications*)                                                                

  The present NYPA contract                                                            
  expires in July 2005 and                                                             
  energy costs are expected                                                            
  to increase and is                                                                   
  reflected here                                                                       

  ** **                                                                                 

  **Assumed Energy Cost**   \$ 85         per MWhr                                      

  ** **                                                                                 

  **Fixed Costs**                         **Cost with**                                 

                                          **NSF                                         
                                          Indirects**                                  

  **Personnel Costs**       **FTE\'s**                                                  

  Base FTE                  12            \$ -          RSVP pays                      
                                                        (shares with                   
                                                        E949)                          

  E949 FTE                  4             \$ -          RSVP pays                      
                                                        (shares with                   
                                                        E949)                          

  E949 FTE                  1             \$ 190,255                                    

  **Total**                 **17**        **\$                                          
                                          190,255**                                    

                                                                                        

  ** **                     **Costs per                                                 
                            week (these                                                
                            costs scale                                                
                            with running                                               
                            weeks)**                                                   

                                                                      **Concurrent**   **Concurrent**

  **Booster and AGS**       **w/o RHIC**  **w/RHIC HI** **w/RHIC pp** **with RSVP &**  **RSVP**

  **Accelerators**                                                    **RHIC**         **RHIC off**

  DTS                       \$ 28,447     \$ 14,223     \$ 14,223     \$ -             \$ -

  MSTC                      \$ 80,284     \$ 40,142     \$ 40,142     \$ -             \$ -

  Special Procurement       \$ 22,388     \$ 11,194     \$ 11,194     \$ -             \$ -

  Shift Differential (5     \$ 13,161     \$ -          \$ -          \$ -             \$ -
  seats)                                                                               

  **Booster and AGS         **\$          **\$ 65,559** **\$ 65,559** **\$ -**         \$ -
  sub-total**               144,963**                                                  

  On time% (determined by   100%          80%           80%           80%              100%
  RHIC needs)                                                                          

  **Booster and AGS Cost    **\$          **\$ 52,447** **\$ 52,447** **\$ -**         \$ -
  per week**                144,963**                                                  

                                                                                        

  **Linac**                                                                             

  DTS                       \$ 6,638      \$ 6,638      \$ 3,319      \$ -             \$ -

  MSTC                      \$ 11,574     \$ 11,574     \$ 5,787      \$ -             \$ -

  Special Procurement       \$ 47,458     \$ 47,458     \$ 23,729     \$ -             \$ -

                                                                                        

  **Linac Sub-Total**       **\$ 65,670** **\$ 65,670** **\$ 32,835** **\$ -**         \$ -

  On time%                  100%          100%          80%           100%             100%

  **Linac Cost per week**   **\$ 65,670** **\$ 65,670** **\$ 26,268** **\$ -**         \$ -

  ** **                                                                                ** **

  **AGS SEB exp area MSTC** **\$ 21,044** **\$ 21,044** **\$ 21,044** **\$ 21,044**    **\$ 21,044**

  ** **                                                                                 

  **Experiment E949 MSTC**  **\$ 16,835** **\$ 16,835** **\$ 16,835** **\$ 16,835**    **\$ 16,835**

                                                                                        

  **Power (MW)**                                                                        

  Base (experiment power    1             1             1             1                1
  that\'s always on)                                                                   

  Accelerators              12            7             7             0                0

  Linac (always on)         2             2             0             0                0

  Experiment (total)        2.8           2.8           2.8           2.8              2.8

  **Power Total**           **16.8**      **11.8**      **9.8**       **2.8**          **2.8**

                                                                                        

  **Power Cost**                                                                        

  Cost/MWhr                 \$ 85         \$ 85         \$ 85         \$ 85            \$ 85

  On time                   100%          80%           80%           80%              100%

  **Sub-Total**             **\$          **\$          **\$          **\$ 34,843**    **\$ 39,984**
                            239,904**     143,371**     114,811**                      

  3% FCR (NSF)              \$ 7,197      \$ 4,301      \$ 3,444      \$ 1,045         \$ 1,200

  **Power Cost Total**      **\$          **\$          **\$          **\$ 35,888**    **\$ 41,184**
                            247,101**     147,672**     118,256**                      

                                                                                        

  **Total Experiment        **\$          **\$          **\$          **\$ 73,768**    **\$ 79,063**
  Cost/week that scale**    495,613**     303,669**     234,850**                      

  ** **                                                                                ** **

  **Example Total Cost (10                                                              
  weeks)**                                                                             

  Labor                     \$ 190,255    \$ 190,255    \$ 190,255    \$ 190,255       \$ 190,255

  Other                     \$ 4,956,133  \$ 3,036,690  \$ 2,348,502  \$ 737,680       \$ 790,630

  **E949 Total Operations   **\$          **\$          **\$          **\$ 927,935**   **\$ 980,885**
  Cost**                    5,146,388**   3,226,945**   2,538,757**                    
  ------------------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ---------------- ----------------

# Manpower {#manpower .unnumbered}

The base manpower estimate is comprised of the following:

FTE

Physicist 1

Engineering (mechanical, electrical) 1

Controls 0.5

Instrumentation 1

Vacuum systems 0.5

Magnet systems 1.5

Power supplies 1.5

Utilities (power, water, AC) 2

Extraction systems 1

ES&H, QA, Admin, training (org. burden) 0

Shift operations [2]{.underline}

Total 12

E949 manpower support

Physicist, engineering 1

Beam Separator engineering, technicians 2

Technicians (insert., vacuum, magnet etc.) [2]{.underline}

Total 5

# E949 Costs

The cost of E949, described in this section, is as was proposed to the
NSF in October 2003. The assumptions underlying this cost differ from
other parts of this document, they include: 24 week RHIC runs with two
different ion species, RSVP operations without simultaneous E949
operations, and power costs based on electricity rates in effect until
July 2005.

The cost basis of E949 as submitted to the NSF assumes that RHIC will
continue to be operated by DOE-ONP for approximately 24 weeks per year.
The full 3-year cost for E949 operations concurrent with RSVP
pre-operations is summarized here.

![](media/image1.wmf)

*E949 Cost. All numbers are in millions of FY2003 dollars. Costs for the
first year include beam line repair and upgrades and detector
maintenance. Costs for subsequent years, assume runs overlapping with
RHIC and RSVP for 10 weeks per year. Additional running would be outside
of RHIC and RSVP at a higher cost per* *week. All costs include detector
operations. No D&D costs were included.*

Two options are presented: Option A, at 12 weeks per year, is near the
minimum reasonable number of weeks per year given startup overhead, and
would approximately double E949\'s data set in the first year of
operation; Option B, at 18 weeks per year, is near the maximum number of
weeks per year available to E949 under the assumptions above. For either
option, \$800K is needed for preparation work. The total number of weeks
of running for E949, including the 2002 run, under Option A is 48 weeks
and under Option B is 66 weeks. The choice of options can be informed by
results from E949\'s 2002 run, and could be changed for the out-years.

**AGS Operations:**

The cost basis for HEP operations of the AGS for E949 or RSVP is
outlined in the memo from Phil Pile of the Collider-Accelerator
Department (CAD) dated December 4, 2002. The power and M&S costs are
incremental to the operation of the AGS complex in support of a RHIC
heavy ion program supported by the DOE-NP. The labor cost to support the
extracted beam and any experiments is fixed, independent of the number
of weeks of SEB operations. The M&S costs for accelerator operations are
billed incrementally to RHIC operations. The M&S for extraction,
switchyard, primary proton transport and experimental operations are
fully billed to the SEB user. These M&S costs are fixed under the
assumption of RHIC heavy ion operations, and based on past SEB
operations experience. The power costs are for incremental power usage
in support of SEB operations. RHIC covers 5 MW of standby power
consumption and the remaining power usage for the accelerators, beam
transport and the experiment are billed on an \`as used\' basis to the
SEB user. The cost in the table is for a power cost of \$55/MW-hr, which
is at the high end of E949 experience (2002 power costs ranged from
\$48-55/MW-hr), although the current BNL contract for power is set to
expire in July 2005, with an expected increase to \$85/MW-hr.

The detailed cost basis for E949 running concurrent with RSVP
pre-operations is provided in the memo from Phil Pile dated October 9,
2003. In the proposal to NSF we assume that NSF is providing \$3.1M of
base labor costs as part of the RSVP program (16 FTE's of technical
support to run a Slow Extracted Beam program), leaving a labor cost of
\$197K/year (1 FTE) to be supported to run E949. The cost to run E949
with RHIC running heavy ions and no other users is \$220k/week
(\$89K/week of power costs, and \$130K/week of expected M&S costs). The
comparable cost of operation concurrent with RHIC polarized proton (pp)
running is less, \$145K/week (\$74K/week for power and \$71K/week for
M&S). For periods of time where E949 can run parasitically to RSVP the
cost is \$65K/week. For E949 to run outside of RHIC operations the cost
is \$396K/week.

**Detector Operations:**

The detector operations costs have two components: 1) labor, and 2) M&S.
The manpower to support E949 operations is dominated by pre-run
preparations and therefore does not have a strong dependence on the
length of the run (12 weeks vs. 18 weeks). This manpower effort is 2.2
FTE\'s (\$305K) for Option A and 2.5 FTE\'s (\$350K) for Option B. The
M&S costs (data media, gases and other consumables, maintenance
contracts, and repair and replacement of electronics and detector
hardware) scale more closely with the number of weeks of operations.
They are estimated at \$305K for a 12 week run and \$360K for an 18 week
run. The total cost for detector operations is \$610K(\$710K) for Option
A(B).

**Startup Costs (FY 2004):**

This budget includes \$628K in the first year for repairs necessary to
bring the beam line into working order before the start of operations
for the E949 experiment (see memo from Phil Pile dated October 9, 2003).
This includes \$100K for repairs to Separator #1, \$50K for installation
of Q01-02, \$175K for beam line instrumentation and \$300K for
modifications to the C-line to reduce the radiation exposure to LESB3.
At the end of E949\'s last run in 2002 Separator #1 was operating at a
HV of 250 kV, as compared to the expected value of 600 kV (achieved
during E787 running and during the E949 engineering run in 2001). Repair
work was begun in the summer of 2002, before being halted due to lack of
funds at the end of FY2002. Given the impracticality of replacing the
Q01-02 magnets during a run, it is felt to be prudent to replace them
before running again. The radiation levels in LESB3, particularly around
the first separator, can be reduced by the installation of a beam dump
in the C-line downstream of the C-target, replacing the magnets and
collimator currently installed. This budget includes \$175K to bring the
detector into working order, including re-installation of the upstream
endcap. It is expected that funds received during the first year of this
proposal would first be applied for the preparations outlined above and
would take five months to complete (driven primarily by the separator
repair schedule).

**Years 2-4 Costs:**

The second through fourth year of this proposal are costed separately
for Option A and Option B. Option A is cost effective, running for 12
weeks per year and reaching 7 SM events (75% of Option B) for only 60%
of the cost, by minimizing the more expensive running outside of RHIC
operations. Option B provides the full experimental sensitivity of 10 SM
events, running for 18 weeks, which is likely to be the maximum number
of weeks possible per year. We have conservatively estimated that DOE-NP
will fund at least 24 weeks of RHIC operations per year (the original
RHIC operating plan calls for 37-3=34 weeks per year). We have made an
additional conservative assumption that RHIC will require setup time for
two ion species each year (meaning 2x5=10 weeks of setup per year). Our
assumption of 10 weeks of E949 running within the RHIC envelope, in
addition to RSVP running, is based on a bottom up review of RSVP beam
development effort (see October 9, 2003 memo). We have conservatively
costed these 10 weeks under the assumption that none of this time is
concurrent with RSVP running with its lower cost profile.

Both options have a fixed AGS labor cost of \$197K/year and include 10
weeks of E949 operations with RHIC (all 10 weeks are costed without
concurrent RSVP operations) at \$2.08M, for a total AGS cost of \$2.275M
for 10 weeks. In option A we add 2 weeks without RHIC for \$792K, for an
AGS cost of \$3.07M for 12 weeks of E949 operations. I and in Option B,
we add 8 weeks without RHIC, or \$3.168M, for an AGS cost of \$5.45M for
18 weeks of operations. Detector operations require \$610K per year for
Option A and \$710K per year for Option B. The total cost per year is
\$3.68M for Option A and \$6.16M for Option B.

##### **E949 D&D Costs**

The costs below are in millions of FY 2003 dollars, fully burdened

# Experiment Estimated D&D Cost {#experiment-estimated-dd-cost .unnumbered}

E949 \$0.7

Contingency \$0.2

Total Estimated Cost \$0.9

#### Appendix I -- RSVP/E949 Review Charge and Instructions from DOE {#appendix-i-rsvpe949-review-charge-and-instructions-from-doe .unnumbered}

# DOE ONP Charge Document of November 24, 2003

[United States Government **Department of Energy**]{.underline}

**memorandum**

DATE: November 24, 2003

REPLY TO

ATTN OF: Office of Science

SUBJECT: DOE Review of the Rare Symmetry Violating Processes Project
Activities at Brookhaven

National Laboratory

TO: Daniel Lehman, SC-81

I would like to request that your office conduct a review to assess the
impact of the proposed Rare Symmetry Violating Processes (RSVP) project
on the current Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) activities at
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL).

As you know, the Office of Science (SC) Nuclear Physics (NP) program
supports the operations of the RHIC facility at BNL. The National
Science Foundation (NSF) is proposing to construct and operate two
experiments, the RSVP project, that would utilize the Alternating
Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) facility which is the injector for and an
integral component of the RHIC facility. The SC Nuclear Physics program
welcomes the opportunity to make available the capabilities of its
facilities for meritorious non-NP activities, as long as these
activities do not have a negative impact on the facility's ability to
successfully carry out the primary mission for which it is funded.

A Memorandum of Understanding between NSF and DOE is in preparation to
define the scope and the roles and responsibilities of the agencies. The
high scientific merit and priority of RSVP have been ascertained and
well documented by peer-review, including the NSF National Science
Board. The NSF proposal includes funding to construct and commission
these experiments, including the incremental operating costs for their
research program. In order to proceed, the Nuclear Physics program needs
to understand the impacts related to mutual compatibility of the
construction, commissioning and operations of RSVP and RHIC's nuclear
physics mission, both short- and long-term.

In this context, I request that your office conduct a review of these
impacts. In particular, the review committee should assess the risks and
impacts (both positive and negative) of the proposed RSVP construction
project and RSVP operations on the RHIC accelerator complex and RHIC
nuclear physics program at BNL, including other ongoing work-for-others
activities that utilize the RHIC accelerator complex such as the NASA
Space Radiation Laboratory. This assessment should include NSF
expectations of beam time for the RSVP program and identify the
incremental costs to NSF for this running time.

I have asked Jim Hawkins of my office to work with you on this review. I
would like the review to take place by the end of January 2004 and would
appreciate receiving your committee's report within 60 days of the
review's conclusion.

\[SIGNED\]

Dennis G. Kovar

Associate Director of the Office of Science

for Nuclear Physics

cc: Tom Kirk, BNL

Peter Paul, BNL

Michael Holland, BAO

Joe Dehmer, NSF

Marvin Goldberg, NSF

Robin Staffin, SC-20

Aesook Byon-Wagner, SC-20

# Additional Material Supplied by DOE Office of Nuclear Physics, December 11, 2003

Subject: RSVP Review

Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2003 18:05:59 -0500

From: \"Kovar, Dennis\" \<Dennis.Kovar@science.doe.gov\>

To: \"Tom Kirk (tkirk@bnl.gov)\" \<tkirk@bnl.gov\>

CC: \"Lehman, Daniel\" \<Daniel.Lehman@science.doe.gov\>,

\"Steadman, Stephen\" \<Stephen.Steadman@science.doe.gov\>,

\"Hawkins, James\" \<James.Hawkins@science.doe.gov\>,

\"Derek I. Lowenstein (lowenstein@bnl.gov)\" \<lowenstein@bnl.gov\>,

\"Goldberg, Marvin\" \<mgoldber@nsf.gov\>,

\"Brad Keister (bkeister@nsf.gov)\" \<bkeister@nsf.gov\>,

\"Byon, Aesook\" \<Aesook.Byon@science.doe.gov\>

To: Tom Kirk

From: Dennis Kovar

Subject: RSVP Review

Regarding the upcoming Lehman review of the impacts and incremental
costs of the RSVP project, BNL needs to provide a written response by
Wednesday, January 12, 2004 addressing the November 24, 2003 charge
letter to Daniel Lehman. This written response will be reviewed and
evaluated by the review committee during the review scheduled for
January 27 and January 28. All supporting documentation should also be
available by January 12, including the MECO and KOPIO management plans,
documents that identify all resources (costs, funding, and manpower)
required to support MECO and KOPIO, and a decommissioning and disposal
(D&D) analysis of the work that will need to be accomplished at the
completion of the RSVP program. Because NSF is also considering
sponsorship of the continuation of AGS experiment E949 under equivalent
administrative conditions, we intend to consider the RHIC program
impacts of this experiment in the same review, using the same tools. We,
therefore, ask that the equivalent E949 documents be made available to
the committee.

The response should cover the RSVP project and operations program which
includes the experiments

KOPIO, MECO, and E949. In addition, the response should include a
spreadsheet that captures all of the relative incremental yearly costs
associated with the life-cycle cost of the RSVP project and the AGS.
These incremental costs should include appropriate items associated with
commissioning, operating, maintenance, capital reinvestment, waste
disposal, and final disposition (D&D). As per the draft MOU between DOE
and NSF, the cost to decommission, decontaminate, and deconstruct this
project will be assessed in yearly amounts over the length of the
planned operation, with funds placed in a suitable escrow account.

If you have any questions, please contact Stephen Steadman or Jim
Hawkins within my office.

Cc:

Daniel Lehman

Stephen Steadman

James Hawkins

Marvin Goldberg

Derek Lowenstein

Brad Keister

Aesook Byon-Wagner

**Appendix II -- Agenda for the Review**

Preliminary Agenda

**DOE Review of the RSVP Activities at BNL**

**Brookhaven National Laboratory**

**January 27-28, 2004**

# Tuesday, January 27, 2004 RHIC Bldg. 1005, 3rd Floor Conf. {#tuesday-january-27-2004-rhic-bldg.-1005-3rd-floor-conf. .unnumbered}

08:00 am DOE Executive Session

08:30 am Welcome P. Chaudhari

08:40 am Overview of RSVP Project J. Sculli

09:00 am RSVP at BNL T. Kirk

09:15 am Work for Others (WFO) at AGS -- NSRL Experience D. Lowenstein

9:45 am Coffee Break

10:00 am DOE-BAO Site Office Oversight R. Desmarais

10:15 am RHIC/RSVP Experimental Ops. & RSVP Installation P. Pile

11:00 am RHIC/RSVP Accelerator Ops. & RSVP Modifications T. Roser

12:00 pm DOE Working Lunch **RHIC Bldg. 1005, 3rd Floor**

1:00 pm Parallel Sessions \*

[KOPIO/MECO Experiments/Beamlines Topics]{.underline} **Bldg. 911 Large
Conf. Room**

[Topic]{.underline} [Discussion Leader]{.underline}

\- Construction/Installation/D&D Periods Al Pendzick

\- E949 Preparations/D&D Al Pendzick

\- RHIC-RSVP Interactions (Benefits & Risks) Phil Pile

(this discussion includes Accelerator group)

[Accelerator Topics]{.underline} **Bldg. 911 Small Conf. Room**

[Topic]{.underline} [Discussion Leader]{.underline}

\- RHIC operations performance and plans Wolfram Fischer

\- Extraction and primary beam transport commissioning Kevin Brown

\- Machine R&D for RSVP Leif Ahrens

\- AGS operations with RHIC Kip Gardner

\* Experts from C-AD and the experiments will be present during these
sessions

4:30 pm DOE Executive Session **RHIC Bldg. 1005, 3rd Floor**

5:30 pm Committee Questions for Presenters

6:00 pm Adjourn

# Wednesday, January 28, 2004 RHIC Bldg. 1005, 3rd Floor {#wednesday-january-28-2004-rhic-bldg.-1005-3rd-floor .unnumbered}

08:30 am Answers to Committee Questions

09:00 am DOE Executive Session

12:00 pm DOE Working Lunch **RHIC Bldg. 1005, 3rd Floor**

1:00 pm DOE Executive Session (Cont.)

02:00 pm Closeout With BNL and RSVP Management

02:30 pm Adjourn

#### Appendix III -- Web References {#appendix-iii-web-references .unnumbered}

Supporting documentation, including the MECO and KOPIO proposals, draft
technical design reports, floor layouts etc. can be found on the web.
The relevant link is given below.

<http://www.phy.bnl.gov/review/doe-np_040127>

Public Web Pages:

E949: <http://www.phy.bnl.gov/e949>

K0PI0: <http://pubweb.bnl.gov/people/e926/>

MECO: <http://meco.ps.uci.edu/>

RHIC: <http://www.bnl.gov/RHIC/>

RHIC Luminosity Plot (Present Run):

#### <http://www.agsrhichome.bnl.gov/AGS/Public/QtrReports/rhic_perf/IntegratedLuminositybyYear04.pdf> {#httpwww.agsrhichome.bnl.govagspublicqtrreportsrhic_perfintegratedluminositybyyear04.pdf .unnumbered}

**Appendix IV -- Reviewer List**

**Department of Energy Review**

**of the Rate Symmetry Violating Processes (RSVP) Project**

**January 8, 2003**

**REVIEW COMMITTEE PARTICIPANTS**

## [Department of Energy]{.underline} {#department-of-energy .unnumbered}

# Daniel Lehman, DOE/SC, Chairperson 301-903-4840 <daniel.lehman@science.doe.gov> {#daniel-lehman-doesc-chairperson-301-903-4840-daniel.lehmanscience.doe.gov .unnumbered}

Steve Tkaczyk, DOE/SC 301-903-3288 <steve.tkaczyk@science.doe.gov>

## [Subcommittee 1: Experiment]{.underline} {#subcommittee-1-experiment .unnumbered}

\*Richard Ehrlich, Cornell 607-255-4154 <rde4@cornell.edu>

Stephen Gourlay, LBNL 510-486-7156 <sagourlay@lbl.gov>

Karol Lang, U. of Texas 512-471-3528 <lang@hep.utexas.edu>

**[Subcommittee 2: Accelerators]{.underline}**

\*Peter Limon, Fermilab 630-840-3340 <pjlimon@fnal.gov>

Robert Mau, Fermilab 630-840-4429 <mau@fnal.gov>

**[Subcommittee 3: Management]{.underline}**

\*Ronald Lutha, DOE/FAO 630-840-8130 <ronald.lutha@ch.doe.gov>

Bob Macek, LANL 505-667-8877 <macek@lanl.gov>

\[Peter Limon, Fermilab\] 630-840-3340 <pjlimon@fnal.gov>

#   {#section-2 .unnumbered}

### Observers {#observers .unnumbered}

Dennis Kovar, DOE/SC 301-903-3613 <dennis.kovar@science.doe.gov>

James Hawkins, DOE/SC 301-903-8437 <james.hawkins@science.doe.gov>

Stephen Steadman, DOE/SC 301-903-4703 <stephen.steadman@science.doe.gov>

Aesook Byon-Wagner, DOE/SC 301-903-4801 <aesook.byon@science.doe.gov>

Robert Desmarais, DOE/BAO 631-344-5434 <desmarai@bnl.gov>

Michael Butler, DOE/BAO 631-344-3430 <butler1@bnl.gov>

Mark Coles, NSF 703-292-4432 <mcoles@nsf.gov>

Marvin Goldberg, NSF 703-292-7374 <mgoldber@nsf.gov>

Thad Konopnicki, NSF 703-292-8299 <tkonopni@nsf.gov>

\* Subcommittee Chairperson

\[ \] Part-time Subcommittee Member