**ANNUAL REPORT**

**Calendar Year 2005**

**1. [NRSP-6: INTER-REGIONAL POTATO INTRODUCTION PROJECT]{.underline}**

> Introduction, Classification, Preservation, Evaluation and
> Distribution of tuber-bearing *Solanum* Species.

**2. [COOPERATIVE AGENCIES AND PRINCIPAL LEADERS]{.underline}**

  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------
  **[State Agricultural Experimental                     **[Representative]{.underline}**
  Stations]{.underline}**                                

                                                         

  Southern Region Vice-Chair (2006)                      J. C. Miller, Jr.

  Western Region                                         J. Stark

  North Central Region                                   D. S. Douches

  Northeastern Region Chairman (2006)                    W. De Jong
  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------

> **[United States Department of Agriculture]{.underline}**

+---------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+
| Agricultural Research Service         |             |                |
+---------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+
| Technical Representative Secretary    |             | C. R. Brown    |
| (2006)                                |             |                |
+---------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+
| National Program Staff                |             | P. K. Bretting |
+---------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+
| Area Director, Midwest Area           |             | S. Shafer      |
+---------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+
| Cooperative States Research Education |             | A. M. Thro     |
|                                       |             |                |
| & Extension Service                   |             |                |
+---------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+
| Animal and Plant Health Inspection    |             | L. E. Levy     |
| Service                               |             |                |
+---------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+
| Inter-Regional Potato Introduction    |             | J. B. Bamberg  |
| Project Project Leader                |             |                |
+---------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+

+----------------------------------------------------+-----------------+
| # Agriculture Canada                               | T. R. Tarn      |
+----------------------------------------------------+-----------------+

> **[Administrative Advisors]{.underline}**

  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------
  Southern Region                                        R. L. Westerman

  Western Region                                         C. Y. Hu

  North Central Region Lead                              S. A. Slack

  Northeastern Region                                    S. D. Reiling
  ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------

**3**. **[PROGRESS AND PRINCIPAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS]{.underline}**

A.  **[Introduction of New Stocks]{.underline}**

> Dr. Bamberg, Dr. Alfonso del Rio, and Charles Fernandez (US Potato
> Genebank) had a successful collecting expedition to the Chiricahua
> Wilderness in southeast Arizona and the Santa Catalina Mountains near
> Tucson, Arizona in September of 2005 (supported with extramural
> funding from USDA). They collected 12 new accessions, 11 of *S.
> stoloniferum* and one *S. jamesii* from the Chiricahua Wilderness. For
> 50 years the only available germplasm from this area consisted of a
> few collections from spots easily accessible by road. New collections
> were from sites accessible only through camping and extensive hiking.
> This will be a test case of an important question about germplasm
> collecting: Do samples from sites easy to access adequately represent
> the genetics in a geographic area, or is there much more work that
> should be done to access more remote sites? They also collected two
> *S. stolonifenum* from the Santa Catalina Mountains, both near two
> previous herbarium collection sites.
>
> A total of 22 accessions were assigned PI numbers in 2005: two PVY
> resistant varieties from the UK, five late blight resistant clones
> from Mexico, one *S. soestii* from Bolivia, and 14 accessions
> collected from the SW United States. These accessions are now
> available from the NRSP-6 *Solanum* germplasm collection.
>
> Several steps were taken in the past year to promote and inform
> researchers of
>
> NRSP-6's services and stocks. The NRSP-6 web page
> (http://www.ars-grin.gov/nr6) has been updated and made more user
> friendly. Clientele that have ordered from NRSP-6 in the past four
> years are contacted three times per year informing them of new
> materials that are now available either as true seed, tubers, in vitro
> plantlets, or herbarium samples. A new service we are offering is
> dried ground leaf samples for DNA testing. For foreign requesters this
> is useful since there are no quarantine restrictions on dried
> material.
>
> **B. [Preservation and Increase of Stocks]{.underline}**
>
> In 2005, a total of 175 accessions were increased as botanical seed
> populations.
>
> A total of 900 potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) tests were
> performed on seed increase parents, seedlots and research materials.
> Germination tests were performed on 1199 accessions, ploidy
> determinations were made on nine accessions, and tetrazolium seed
> viability tests were done on 100 seedlots.
>
> Progress was made on several international collaborative projects. We
> are working with CIP on a project to assess the impact of
> agrichemicals on pollen and seed viability of wild species (oral
> presentation at the PAA06). We planned a study to look at the
> prevalence of hidden recessives and diversity of nematode resistance
> alleles in *S. andigena* with Russian (VIR) colleagues.
>
> Work continued with Dr. C. Miller's lab screening for antioxidants in
> uncolored wild potato species tubers. Previous screening among species
> identified ones with promising levels of tuber antioxidant capacity.
> Some diploid "Mexican" species seem to have high antioxidants in
> common: *S. cardiophyllum*, *S. jamesii*, *and S. pinnatisectum*
> (paper submitted AJPR 3/906). Continued fine screening is discovering
> high levels of antioxidants in species that are more crossable to
> tuberosum and known to have acceptably low levels of glycoalkaloids.
>
> We explored the potential of using a potato-based in vitro
> *Agrobacterium tumefaciens* system to screen for anti-tumor factors.
> The Potato Crop Germplasm Committee (CGC) also sponsored a funded
> grant proposal to screen for Potato Carboxypeptidase Inhibitor (PCI),
> a small heat-stable protein unique to potato that has been shown to
> efficiently inhibit proliferation of some of the most pernicious human
> cancers.
>
> Frost resistant breeding work continues with recurrent selection of
> *S. tuberosum*, *S.* *acaule* and *S. commersonii* hybrids. Materials
> are now maturing earlier with the introgression of very early
> varieties, and some selections have been confirmed to survive in vitro
> leaf freezing to --5^o^C. In a related study, substitution backcross
> families were used to show that cytoplasm is *not* a factor in the
> extreme frost hardiness of *S. commersonii*.
>
> We discovered a new floral development mutant in *S. microdontum*
> which we have named *crazy sepal* because it grows multiple
> (indeterminate) sets of sepals instead of anthers and pistils. This is
> a potential tool for studying floral development, and may have other
> applications as a completely sterile mutant. Progeny tests indicate
> monogenic recessive gene action. Attempts to artificially restore
> fertility are in progress as well as the generation of DNA markers to
> tag the recessive *cs~1~* allele (short communication in AJPR).
>
> Testing was continued in an effort to confirm and characterize
> apomixis in *S. jamesii*.
>
> A field tuberization location in Hawaii was tested and appears to be
> effective. Until now, the only other way to produce tubers of wild
> species has been in winter greenhouse pots, and such tubers might not
> give a true indication of their potential value with respect to a
> variety of tuber traits.
>
> Plant parts are known to vary widely for pH, but little is known about
> the variation, basis, or utility of pH extremes in potato tubers. When
> pH was measured on species of the mini-core collection, replicates
> over years and populations gave rather consistent results, with *S.
> polytrichon, S. pinnatisectum* and *S. papita* being the most acidic.
> Cultivated species, *S. verrucosum* and *S. okadae,* were least
> acidic. The observed range of pH (5.5-6.1) represents a 4-fold
> difference in H ion concentration. We intend to fine-screen among
> genotypes within species to find the limits of tuber acidity, then
> characterize the physiology, genetics and impact on economic traits
> like disease resistances and processing quality (oral presentation at
> the PAA06).
>
> We want to see if we can do more efficient research by combining many
> initiatives. *Solanum microdontum* is remarkably extreme and variable
> for several characteristics (acid, potassium, calcium, late blight,
> and antioxidants). We will characterize all the S. mcd for these
> traits. We also want to collect and analyze DNA to see if gross
> genetic differences are a guide to variation for useful traits.

C.  **[Classification]{.underline}**

> Dr. Spooner et al. have published and are working on five different
> areas of potato research: 1) a manual on the use of molecular markers
> for genebank studies, 2) on studies in cultivated potato origins, 3)
> on molecular investigations of relationships in wild tomatoes and
> potatoes, 4)on an exploration of the predictive power of taxonomy
> relative to disease resistance data, 5) on a molecular linkage map of
> late blight in wild potatoes.
>
> **D. [Distribution]{.underline}**
>
> NRSP-6 distributed 3,929 units of seed (not including in-house use);
> 135 tuber families; 1,106 tuber clones; 732 in vitro stocks; 368 DNA
> samples; and 157 plants in plugs to clientele in 30 states of the USA
> and 12 other countries. Internally NRSP-6 used 13,566 units of seed
> for seed backup, chromosome counts, germination tests, identification
> and taxonomic check plantings, in vitro maintenance, seed increases,
> PSTV tests, and miscellaneous plantings. The volume and types of
> stocks sent to various consignee categories are summarized in the
> table below.

## VOLUME AND TYPES OF STOCKS DISTRIBUTED

  ---------- ---------- ------ ------- ------ ------ ----- ----- -------- --------
             Units^1^                                                     

  Category   S          TF     TS      IVS    DNA    PL    HER   TOT      PIs

  Domestic   2,815      135    1,094   438    368    157   0     5,007    3,145

  Foreign    1,114      0      12      294    0      0     0     1,720    791

  NRSP-62    13,566     0      0       0      0      0     0     13,566   1,895

  Total      17,495     135    1,106   732    368    157   0     20,293   5,831
  ---------- ---------- ------ ------- ------ ------ ----- ----- -------- --------

^1^ Types of stocks sent/(number of seeds, tubers or plantlets per
standard shipping unit): S= True Seeds/(50), TF= Tuber Families/(10),

TS=Tuber Stocks/(3), IVS=In Vitro Stocks/(1), DNA=DNA samples(1),
PL=Plants in plugs/(1), Her= Herbarium/(1).

^2^ Includes chromosome counts, germination tests, ID and Taxonomic
check plantings, in vitro maintenance, seed increases, PSTV tests,
miscellaneous plantings, and NSSL seed backup.

> **E. [Visitors From Other Countries]{.underline}**
>
> Dr. D. Rios Canary Islands

**4.** **[USEFULNESS OF FINDINGS]{.underline}**

> NRSP-6\'s purpose is to provide a ready source of raw materials,
> technology and information to support potato enhancement, breeding and
> research in the USA and around the world. Thus, one way the success of
> NRSP-6 can be measured is by the occurrence of NRSP-6 germplasm in the
> pedigrees of new, improved potato cultivars. Another is in the use of
> NRSP-6 stocks in more basic research programs, which is reflected in
> publications that provide information that ultimately contribute to
> better exploitation of the germplasm resource.
>
> Four cultivar releases were published in the American Journal of
> Potato Research in 2004: 'Dakota Pearl', 'Millenium Russet', 'Sierra
> Gold', and 'Summit Russet'. Four verticillium wilt resistant germplasm
> releases were published in AJPR. All of these are known to have wild
> species in their pedigrees.
>
> Section 6 lists 100 papers, 45 abstracts, and 3 theses which report
> the use of NRSP-6 *Solanum* introductions this year.

**5. [WORK PLANNED FOR 2006]{.underline}**

> Fast and accurate delivery of high quality germplasm and information
> will continue to be the general objective of NRSP-6. We also aim to
> raise awareness of the germplasm resource through an
> advertising/outreach program, and by conducting and publishing
> research that demonstrates new ways the germplasm can be useful for
> potato improvement.
>
> Evaluation experiments will continue on *Solanum* species for these
> and other traits: antioxidants, tuber acidity, apomixis, crazy sepal
> mutant, sugar end disorder, frost hardiness, tuber calcium, hormone
> mutants, and anti-cancer compounds.
>
> APIC Intergenebank projects, researching the status and dynamics of
> genetic diversity using DNA markers, will continue to strengthen ties
> with sister genebanks around the world.

**6. [PUBLICATIONS ISSUED DURING THE YEAR]{.underline}**

### Publications issued by NRSP-6 Personnel

> Bamberg, J.B. and A.H. del Rio. 2004. Hypothetical obscured recessive
> traits in tetraploid Solanum estimated by RAPDs. Am. J. Potato Res.
> 81:76. (Abstract)
>
> Bamberg, J.B., J.P. Palta, and S.E. Vega. 2005. Solanum commersonii
> cytoplasm does not improve freezing tolerance in substitution
> backcross hybrids with frost-sensitive potato species. Am. J. Potato
> Res. 82:251-254.
>
> Busse, J., J.B. Bamberg and J.P. Palta. 2005. Genetic variations for
> calcium accumulation efficiency in tuber and aerial shoot tissue. Am.
> J. Potato Res. 82:60. (Abstract)
>
> del Rio, A.H. and J.B. Bamberg. 2004. Geographical parameters and
> proximity to related species predict genetic variation in the inbred
> potato species Solanum verrucosum Schlechtd. Am. J. Potato Res. 81:55.
> (Abstract)
>
> del Rio, Alfonso, J.B. Bamberg and C. Fernandez. 2005. Assessment of
> the genetic structure of in situ populations of wild potato Solanum
> fendleri eco-geographically dispersed in the Chiricahua Mountains,
> Arizona, USA. Presented at 89th Annual Meeting of The Potato
> Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> del Rio, A.H., J.B. Bamberg and Z. Huaman. 2005. Assessment of
> putative identical germplasm collections at CIP and US Potato
> genebanks determined by RAPD and SSR markers. Am. J. Potato Res.
> 82:66. (Abstract)
>
> Fernandez, C.J. and J.B. Bamberg. 2005. A new Solanum fendleri mutant
> lacking purple pigment. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:69. (Abstract)
>
> Kiru, S., S. Makovskaya, J. Bamberg, and A. del Rio. 2005. New sources
> of resistance to race Ro1 of the Golden nematode (Globodera
> rostochiensis Woll.) among reputed duplicate germplasm accessions of
> Solanum tuberosum L. subsp. andigena (Juz. et Buk.) Hawkes in the VIR
> (Russian) and US Potato Genebanks. Genet. Resources and Crop Evol.
> 52:145-149.
>
> Lara-Cabrera, S.I. and D.M. Spooner. 2004. Taxonomy of North and
> Central American diploid wild potato (Solanum sect. Petota) species:
> AFLP data. Pl. Syst. & Evol. 248:129-142.
>
> Lara-Cabrera, S. and D.M. Spooner. 2005. Taxonomy of Mexican diploid
> wild potatoes: (*Solanum* sect. *Petota*) morphological and
> microsatellite data. Monogr. Syst. Bot., Missouri Bot. Gard.
> 104:199-205.
>
> Lozoya-Saldana, H., O. Barrios and J. Bamberg. 2005. *Phytophthora
> infestans*; races vs genotypes in the Toluca Valley, Mexico. Am. J.
> Potato Res. 83:122. (Abstract)
>
> Moreyra, R., J.B. Bamberg and A.H. del Rio. 2004. Genetic consequences
> of collecting tubers vs. seeds of wild potato species indigenous to
> the USA. Am. J. Potato Res. 81:76. (Abstract)
>
> Nzaramba, Ndambe M., John Bamberg, Douglas C. Scheuring, and J.
> Creighton Miller, Jr. 2005. Antioxidant activity in Solanum species as
> influenced by seed type and growing location. Presented at 89th Annual
> Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July
> 17-21, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Spooner, D.M. and W.L.A. Hetterscheid. 2005. Origins, evolution, and
> group classification of cultivated potatoes. In: Darwin's Harvest: New
> Approaches to the Origins, Evolution, and Conservation of Crops. T.J.
> Motley, N. Zerega, and H. Cross (eds.). pp. 285-307. Colombia
> University Press, New York.
>
> Spooner, D.M., K. McLean, G. Ramsay, R. Waugh, and G.J. Bryan. 2005. A
> single domestication for potato based on multilocus AFLP genotyping.
> Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 120:14694-14699.
>
> Spooner, D.M., J. Nunez, F. Rodriguez, P.S. Naik, and M. Ghislain.
> 2005. Nuclear and chloroplast DNA reassessment of the origin of Indian
> potato varieties and its implications for the origin of the early
> European potato. Theor. Appl. Genet. 110:1020-1026.
>
> Spooner, D.M., I. Peralta and S. Knapp. 2005. AFLP phylogeny of wild
> tomatoes (Solanum L. section Lycopersicon \[Mill.\] Wettst. subsection
> Lycopersicon. Taxon. 54:43-61.
>
> Vega, S.E., J.B. Bamberg and J.P. Palta. 2005. Characterization of
> gibberellin requirements for various diploid and tetraploid
> gibberellin deficient mutants. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:94. (Abstract)
>
> Vega, S.E., J.P. Palta and J.B. Bamberg. 2005. Evidence for the
> mitigation of gibberellin deficiency symptoms by root zone calcium in
> GA-deficient mutants of potato. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:94-95.
> (Abstract)
>
> Villamon, F.G., D.M. Spooner, M. Orillo, E. Mihovilovich, W. Perez,
> and M. Bonierbale. 2005. Late blight resistance linkages in a novel
> cross of the wild potato species Solanum paucissectum (series
> Piurana). Theor. Appl. Genet. 111:1201-1214.

A.  **[Journal Articles and Abstracts Reporting Research with NRSP-6
    Stocks]{.underline}**

> Albernino, S., D. Carputo, G. Caruso, M.R. Ercolano, and L.
> Frusciante. 2004. Field performance of families and clones obtained
> through unilateral sexual polyploidization in potato (*Solanum
> tuberosum*). Advances in Hort. Sci. 18(2):47-52.
>
> Anjum, M.A. and Ali Hakoomat. 2004. Effect of culture medium on direct
> organogenesis from different explants of various potato genotypes.
> Biotech. 3:187-193.
>
> Aversano, R., M.J. Sanchez, D. Carputo, L. Frusciante, and J.M.
> Bradeen. 2005. Molecular strategies for the efficient characterization
> of resistance gene marker and allelic diversity in *Solanum* species.
> Solanaceae Genome Workshop, Ischia, Italy, September 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Aversano, R., R.L. Syverson, E.A. Quirin, D. Carputo, and J.M.
> Bradeen. 2005. Development of integrated molecular marker resources
> for resistance gene mapping and exploration of resistance gene
> diversity in the genus *Solanum*. Presented at Annual Congress
> "Societa' Italiana di Genetica Agraria XLIX", Potenza, September
> 12-15, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Aversano, R., R.L. Syverson, E.A. Quirin, D. Carputo, and J.M.
> Bradeen. 2005. R gene mapping and isolation in the genus *Solanum*:
> Towards an expandable, communal resource of integrated physical and
> genetic maps for candidate R genes. Presented at Triennial Conference
> of the European Assoc. for Potato Research XVI, Bilbao, Spain, July
> 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Aversano, R., E.A. Quirin, R.L. Syverson, D. Carputo, and J.M.
> Bradeen. 2005. Development of integrated *Solanum bulbocastanum*
> genetic and physical maps as a communal resource for mapping and
> isolation of R genes. Presented at Plant & Animal Genome XIII, San
> Diego, CA, January 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Belknap, W.R. 2005. Modification of potato alkaloids- a lesson in
> applied metabolomics. Presented at American Chemical Society,
> Agrochemicals Division Symposium, ACS National Meeting, San Diego,
> California, March 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Bisognin, D.A., D.S. Douches, L. Buszka, G. Bryan, and D. Wang. 2005.
> Mapping late blight resistance in *Solanum microdontum* Bitter. Crop
> Sci. 45:340-345.
>
> Boltowicz, D., A. Szczerbakowa and B. Wielgat. 2005. RAPD analysis of
> the interspecific somatic hybrids *Solanum bulbocastanum* (+) *S.
> tuberosum*. Cell. Mol. Bio. Letters 10(1):151-162.
>
> Braden, J.M., M.J. Sanchez, R.L. Syverson, R. Aversano, D.S. Mollov,
> and D. Carputo. 2005. Understanding molecular diversity: towards
> strategic sampling of genebank collections. Solanaceae Genome
> Workshop, Ischia, Italy, September 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Bradshaw, J.E., G.J. Bryan, M.F.B. Dale, K. McLean, and B. Pande.
> 2004. Dissection and analyses of quantitative disease resistance in
> potatoes. Aspects of Appl. Bio. 72:133-138.
>
> Brown, C.R. 2005. Antioxidants in Potato. Am. J. Potato Res.
> 82:163-172.
>
> Brown, C.R., D. Culley, C.P. Yang, R. Durst, and R. Wrolstad. 2005.
> Variation of anthocyanins and Carotenoid contents and associated
> antioxidant values in potato breeding lines. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci.
> 130:174-180.
>
> Brown, C.R., W. De Jong and C.-P. Yang. 2005. Inheritance of total
> Carotenoid in high-content diploid germplasm. Presented at 89^th^
> Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada,
> July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Bu QingYun, Wu Liang, Yang ShiHu, and Wan JianMin. 2005. Cloning,
> characterization and expression vector construction of potato
> protease-inhibitor II gene (*PIN* II-2x) from diploid potato (*Solanum
> phureja*). Hereditas 27:417-422.
>
> Burkhart, C.R., B.J. Christ and K.G. Haynes. 2005. The relative
> virulence of various isolates of Fusarium species on potato. Presented
> at the American Phytopathology Meeting 2005.
>
> Burkhart, C.R., B.J. Christ and K.G. Haynes. 2005. Heritability of
> resistance to Fusarium dry rot in a diploid hybrid potato population.
> Presented at the American Phytopathology Meeting 2005.
>
> Camadro, E.L., D. Carputo and S.J. Peloquin. 2004. Substitutes for
> genome differentiation in tuber-bearing *Solanum*: interspecific
> pollen-pistil incompatibility, nuclear-cytoplasmic male sterility, and
> endosperm. Theor. Appl. Genetics 109:1369-1376.
>
> Carputo, D. and A. Barone. 2005. Ploidy level manipulations in potato
> through sexual hybridization. Annals of Appl. Bio. 146:71-79.
>
> Chen, Qin and H.Y. Li. 2005. An improved technique for high-resolution
> mitotic chromosome studies in *Solanum*. HortSci. 40:54-56.
>
> Chen, Q., H.B. Zhang and D. De Koeyer. 2005. Development of genomic
> tools for large-scale physical mapping and map-based cloning of
> disease and insect resistance genes in potato. Presented at 89^th^
> Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada,
> July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract)
>
> Cooper, S.G., D.S. Douches and E.J. Grafius. 2004. Combining genetic
> engineering and traditional breeding to provide elevated resistance in
> potatoes to Colorado potato beetle. Ent. Exp. et Appli. 112(1):37-46.
>
> Coombs, J.J., L.M. Franke and D.S. Douches. 2004. An applied
> fingerprinting system for cultivated potato using simple sequence
> repeats. Am. J. Potato Res. 81:243-250.
>
> Costanzo, S., B.J. Christ, and K.G. Haynes. 2004. Late blight
> resistance in a diploid full-sib potato family. Plant Breeding
> 123(4):377-381.
>
> Costanzo, S., I. Simko, B.J. Christ, and K.G. Haynes. 2005. QTL
> analysis of late blight resistance in a diploid potato family of
> *Solanum phureja* x *S. stenotomum*. Theor. Appl. Genet. 111:609-617.
>
> Davenport, J.R., P.H. Milburn, C.J. Rosen, and R.E. Thornton. 2005.
> Environmental impacts of potato nutrient management. Am. J. Potato
> Res. 82:321-328.
>
> Davis, Jeffrey A., Edward B. Radcliffe, David W. Ragsdale, and
> Christian A. Thill. 2005. Identifying resistance to aphids in crosses
> with somatic fusions of *Solanum tuberosum* L. and *Solanum
> bulbocastanum* Dun. Presented at 89^th^ Annual Meeting of The Potato
> Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> De Koeyer, D., Y. Pelletier, D. Ronis, C. Clark, and V. Burns. 2005.
> *Solanum oplocense*: A new source of resistance to Colorado potato
> beetle and processing quality attributes. Presented at 89^th^ Annual
> Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July
> 17-21, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Dinu, I.I., R.J. Hayes, R.G. Kynast, R.L. Phillips, and C.A. Thill.
> 2005. Novel inter-series hybrids in *Solanum*, section *Petota*.
> Theor. Appl. Genet. 110:403-415.
>
> Ercolano, M.R., D. Carputo, J. Li, L. Monti, A. Barone, and L.
> Frusciante. 2004. Assessment of genetic variability of haploids
> extracted from tetraploid (2*n*=4*x*=48) *Solanum tuberosum*. Genome
> 47(4):33-638.
>
> Estrada, Maria A. and David S. Douches. 2005. Potato tuberworm
> (Lepidoptera: Gelichiidae) resistance in potato lines with the
> *Bacillus thuringiensis-cry1Ac* gene and natural resistance factors.
> Presented at 89^th^ Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of
> America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract)
>
> Estrada-Luna, A.A., M. Garcia-Aguilar and J.P. Vielle-Calzada. 2004.
> Female reproductive development and pollen tube growth in diploid
> genotypes of *Solanum cardiophyllum* Lindl. Sexual Pl. Repro.
> 17:117-124.
>
> Feingold, S., J. Lloyd, N. Norero, M. Bonierbale, and J. Lorenzen.
> 2005. Mapping and characterization of new EST-derived microsatellites
> for potato (*Solanum tuberosum* L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 111:456-466.
>
> Flis, B., J. Hennig, D. Strzelczyk-Zyta, C. Gebhardt, and W.
> Marczewski. 2005. The *Ry-f~sto~* gene from *Solanum stoloniferum* for
> extreme resistant to *Potato virus Y* maps to potato chromosome XII
> and is diagnosed by PCR marker GP122~718~ in PVY resistant potato
> cultivars. Molecular Breeding 15:95-101.
>
> Ganga, Z.N., G.A. Porter, D. Lambert, G. Sewell, and A. Bushway. 2005.
> Reeves Kingpin: A high yielding mid-season variety suitable for fry
> processing. Presented at 89^th^ Annual Meeting of The Potato
> Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster
> Abstract)
>
> Germain, H., E. Chevalier, S. Caron, and D.P. Matton. 2005.
> Characterization of five RALF-like genes from *Solanum chacoense*
> provides support for a developmental role in plants. Planta
> 220:447-454.
>
> Gopal, J., Vinod Kumar and S.S. Thakur. 2004. Hybrid and
> open-pollinated true potato seed production: some considerations. J.
> Indian Potato Assoc. 31:13-20.
>
> Gounaris, Y. 2005. Asymmetric potato cybrids derived from protoplast
> fusion between the selection ND860-2 and the cultivar Russet Burbank.
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>
> Groza, H.I., B.D. Bowen, D. Kichefski, S.J. Peloquin, W.R. Stevenson,
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>
> Hayes, R.J., I.I. Dinu and C.A. Thill. 2005. Unilateral and bilateral
> hybridization barriers in inter-series crosses of 4x 2EBN *Solanum
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> Haynes, K.G. and B.J. Christ. 2005. Improvements in foliar late blight
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>
> Haynes, K.G., B.J. Christ, R.T. Zink, R.D. Davidson, and J.S. Miller.
> 2005. Powdery scab trials of potato varieties and advanced selections
> in 2003. Presented at 89^th^ Annual Meeting of The Potato Association
> of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract)
>
> Iovene, M., A. Barone, L. Frusciante, L. Monti, and D. Carputo. 2004.
> Selection for aneuploid potato hybrids combining a low wild genome
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> Ishizaki, T. and A. Kato. 2005. Introduction of the tobacco
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>
> Jakuczun, H. and I. Wasilewicz-Flis. 2004. New sources of potato
> resistance to *Phytophthora infestans* at the diploid level. Pl.
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>
> Jung, C.S., H.M. Griffiths, D.M. De Jong, S. Cheng, M. Bodis, and W.S.
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>
> Khu, D.M., S.L. Love and J.H. Lorenzen. 2005. Identification of AFLP
> and SSR markers associated with corky ringspot disease resistance in a
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>
> Kim-Lee, Neiyoung, J.S. Moon, Y.J. Hong, M.S. Kim, and H.M. Cho. 2005.
> Bacterial wilt resistance in the progenies of the fusion hybrids
> between haploid of potato and *Solanum commersonii*. Am. J. Potato
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>
> Kirk, W.W., F.M. Abu-El Samena, J.B. Muhinyuzaa, R. Hammerschmidt,
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>
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>
> Kuhl, Joseph C. and D.S. Douches. 2005. Characterization of *RB*
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>
> Lambert, D.H., M.L. Powelson, and W.R. Stevenson. 2005. Nutritional
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>
> Lebecka, R., E. Nimnoch-Guzowska, and Z. Kaczmarek. 2005. Resistance
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>
> Lehesranta, S.J., H.V. Davies, L.V.T. Shepherd, N. Nunan, J.W.
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> Leroux, V., C. Vincent, E. Lucas, Y. Pelletier, D. Quiring, and P.
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>
> Li, H.Y., Q. Chen, D. Beasley, and M. Goettel. 2005. Karyotype and
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>
> Li X-Q, H. De Jong, D.M. De Jong, and W.S. De Jong. 2005. Inheritance
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>
> Love, S.L., R. Novy, J. Whitworth, D.L. Corsini, J.J. Pavek, A.R.
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>
> Lynch, D.R., L.M. Kawchuk, D.K. Fujimoto, and Qin Chen. 2003. Control
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>
> McCue, K.F., L.V.T. Shepherd, P.V. Allen, M.M. Maccree, D.R. Rockhold,
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>
> McCue, K.F., P.V. Allen, L.V. Shepherd, A. Blake, J. Whitworth, M.M.
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> McCue, K.F., P.V. Allen, L.V. Shepherd, A. Blake, J.L. Whitworth, D.R.
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> Identification and characterization of a novel UDP-glucose: solanidine
> glucosyltransferase at the committed step in steroidal glycoalkaloid
> biosynthesis in potatoes. Presented at 89^th^ Annual Meeting of The
> Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005.
> (Abstract)
>
> Medeiros, A.H., I. DeLalibera, Jr. and W.M. Tingey. 2005. Aspects of
> potato leafhopper (*Homoptera: Cicadellidae*) biology on *Solanum
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>
> Medeiros, A.H. De, W.M. Tingey and W.S. De Jong. 2004. Field
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>
> Meyer, S., A. Nagel and C. Gebhardt. 2005. PoMaMo -- a comprehensive
> database for potato genome data. Nucleic Acids Research 33 (Database
> issue)
>
> Miller Jr., J.C., D.C. Sheuring, J.W. Koym, and D.G. Holm. 2005.
> TX1523-1Ru/Y a.k.a. Sierra Gold^TM^: An early maturing, yellow-fleshed
> russet cultivar for the specialty/gourmet market. Am. J. Potato Res.
> 82:369-377.
>
> Millett, B.P. and J.M. Bradeen. 2005. Does foliar blight resistance R
> gene RB function for tuber blight control? Presented at Plant & Animal
> Genome XIII, San Diego, CA, January 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Mueller, L.A., T.H. Solow, N. Taylor, B. Skwarecki, R. Buels, J.
> Binns, C.W. Lin, M.H. Wright, R. Ahrens, Y. Wang, E.V. Herbst, E.R.
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>
> Narayanan, Karthikeyan and Gefu Wang-Pruski. 2005. Gene expression
> studies on genetic control of after-cooking darkening in diploid
> potatoes. Presented at 89^th^ Annual Meeting of The Potato Association
> of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Navarre, Roy, R. Shakya and J. Holden. 2005. Analysis of tuber
> phenolics compounds in diverse potato germplasm. Presented at 89^th^
> Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada,
> July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Novy, R.G., J.S. Miller, L.D. Porter, S. Yilma, and A.R. Mosley. 2005.
> Identification and use of *Solanum tuberosum* subsp. *andigena* clones
> having both foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. Presented at
> 89^th^ Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary,
> Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Novy, Richard G., J.M. Alvarez, S.B. Sterret, T.P. Kuhar, and D.
> Horton. 2005. Progeny of a tri-species potato somatic hybrid express
> resistance to wireworm in Eastern and Western potato production
> regions of the U.S. Presented at 89^th^ Annual Meeting of The Potato
> Association of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Novy, Richard G., S.L. Love, D.L. Corsini, J.J. Pavek, J.L. Whitworth,
> A.R. Mosley, S.R. James, D.C. Hane, C.C. Shock, K.A. Rykbost, C.R.
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> with foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. Presented at 89^th^
> Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of America, Calgary, Canada,
> July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract)
>
> Ortiz, R. and K.N. Watanabe. 2004. Genetic contributions to breeding
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> Signpost:269-286.
>
> Osumi, T., W.R. Belknap, D.R. Rockhold, M. Maccree, and K.L. Deahl.
> 2005. Patent approval 11/02/05, "*Solanum bulbocastanum* late blight
> resistance gene and use thereof" #10/647,268.
>
> Oyarzun, P.J., J. Yanez and G.A. Forbes. Evidence for host mediation
> of preinfection stages of *Phytophthora infestans* on the leaf surface
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>
> Ozgen, S. and J.P. Palta. 2005. Supplemental calcium application
> influences potato tuber number and size. HortSci. 40:102-105.
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> high-resolution mapping of a late blight resistance locus similar to
> *R2* in potato. Theor. Appl. Genet. 111:591-597.
>
> Park, TaeHo, J. Gros, A. Sikkema, V.G.A.A. Vleeshouwers, M. Muskens,
> S. Allefs, E. Jacobsen, R.G.F. Visser, and E.A.G. van der Vossen.
> 2005. The late blight resistance locus *Rpi-blb3* from *Solanum
> bulbocastanum* belongs to a major late blight *R* gene cluster on
> chromosome 4 of potato. Mol. Pl.-Mic. Inter. 18:722-729.
>
> Pelletier, Y. 2005. Resistance of a wild potato to the Colorado potato
> beetle. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Acadian Entomological
> Society, Fredericton, NB, Canada, June 19-21, 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Pelletier, Y. and C. Clark. 2005. Use of reciprocal grafts to
> elucidate mode of resistance to Colorado potato beetle (*Leptinotarsa
> decemlineata* (Say)) and potato aphid (*Macrosiphum euphorbiae*
> Thomas) in six wild *Solanum* species. Presented at European
> Association for Potato Research Triennial Meeting, Bilbao, Spain, July
> 17-22, 2005. (Poster)
>
> Pelletier, Y., C. Clark and D. de Koeyer. 2005. The use of *Solanum
> oplocense* as a source of resistance to the Colorado potato beetle,
> *Leptinotarsa decemlineata*. Presented at European Association for
> Potato Research Triennial Meeting, Bilbao, Spain, July 17-22, 2005.
> (Abstract)
>
> Pelletier, Y., P. Dexter, R. Coffin, M. Bejan, E. Lucas, C. Vincent,
> V. Leroux, and P. Giordanengo. 2005. Aphid resistance in wild
> potatoes: Preliminary results of field and laboratory trials.
> Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Entomological Society of
> America, Canmore, Alberta, Canada, November 2-5, 2005. (Poster)
>
> Pelletier, Y., P. Dexter, R. Coffin, M. Bejan, E. Lucas, C. Vincent,
> V. Leroux, and P. Giordanengo. 2005. Aphid resistance in wild
> potatoes: Preliminary results on colonization and population
> development. Presented at European Association for Potato Research
> Triennial Meeting, Bilbao, Spain, July 17-22, 2005. (Poster)
>
> Pelletier, Y., J. Dutheil and D. de Koeyer. 2005. Mode of resistance
> to the Colorado potato beetle (*Leptinotarsa decemlineata*) of
> *Solanum tarijense*. Presented at European Association for Potato
> Research Triennial Meeting, Bilbao, Spain, July 17-22, 2005.
> (Abstract)
>
> Pianzzola, M.J., L. Zarantonelli, G. Gonzalez, L.F. Fraguas, and A.
> Vazquez. 2005. Genetic, phytochemical and biochemical analyses as
> tools for biodiversity evaluation of wild accessions of *Solanum
> commersonii*. Biochem. Syst. Eco. 33:67-78.
>
> Polkowska-Kowalczyk, L., B. Wielgat and U. Maciejewska. 2004. The
> elicitor-induced oxidative processes in leaves of *Solanum* species
> with differential polygenic resistance to *Phytophthora infestans*. J.
> Plant Physio. 161(8):913-920.
>
> Qin Xike, J. Soulard, G. Laublin, D. Morese, and M. Cappadocia. 2005.
> Molecular analysis of the conserved C4 region of the S~11~-RNase of
> *Solanum chacoense*. Planta 221:531-537.
>
> Quashie, M.L.A., A. Nato and K. Akpagana. 2004. Early characterization
> of tolerance to salinity and drought of two somatic hybrids of potato
> (*Solanum tuberosum* L., Solanaceae) and their parents. Acta Bot.
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>
> Quirin, E.A. and J.M. Bradeen. 2005. Towards the optimization of
> resistance gene analog discovery in *Solanum* species. Presented at
> Plant & Animal Genome XIII, San Diego, CA, January 2005. (Abstract)
>
> Raimondi, J.P., I.E. Peralta, R.W. Masuelli, S. Feingold, and E.L.
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> *Solanum ruiz-lealii* Brucher. Plant Syst. Evol. 253:33-51.
>
> Ramsay, G., D.W. Griffiths and N. Deighton. 2004. Patterns of
> solanidine glycoalkaloid variation in four gene pools of the
> cultivated potato. Genet. Res. Crop Evol. 51:805-813.
>
> Reyes, L.F., J.C. Miller, Jr., and L. Cisneros-Zevallos. 2005.
> Antioxidant capacity, anthocyanins and total phenolics in purple- and
> red-fleshed potato (*Solanum tuberosum* L.) genotypes. Am. J. Potato
> Res. 82:271-277.
>
> Sanchez, Maria J. and James M. Bradeen. 2005. Towards efficient
> isolation of R gene orthologs from multiple genotypes: optimization of
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>
> Shakhbazau, A.V., G.G. Brychkova, A.S. Panyush, K.I. Zabenkova, T.V.
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> plants as a result of foreign DNA insertion. Seryya Biyalagichnykh
> Navuk 2:44-47.
>
> Simko, I., S. Costanzo, V. Ramanjulu, B.J. Christ, and K.G. Haynes.
> 2005. Mapping polygenes for tuber resistance to late blight in a
> diploid *Solanum phureja -- S. stenotomum* hybrid population.
> Presented at 89^th^ Annual Meeting of The Potato Association of
> America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract)
>
> Sowokinos, J.S. Gupta and C.A. Thill. 2005. Introduction of an
> anti-sweetening gene (*UgpA*) from the cultivar Snowden into chipping
> cultivar Dakota Pearl. Presented at XVI Triennial Conference of the
> European Assoc. for Potato Research, Bilbao, Spain.
>
> Stark, J.C. and G.A. Porter. 2005. Potato nutrient management in
> sustainable cropping systems. Am. J. Potato Res. 82:329-338.
>
> Sterrett, S.B., K.G. Haynes and Dennis J. Timlin. 2005. Temperature
> regime in growth chamber identified for expression of internal heat
> necrosis. Presented at 89^th^ Annual Meeting of The Potato Association
> of America, Calgary, Canada, July 17-21, 2005. (Poster Abstract)
>
> Sukhotu, T., O. Kamijima and K. Hosaka. 2005. Genetic diversity of the
> Andean tetraploid cultivated potato (*Solanum tuberosum* L. subsp.
> *andigena* Hawkes) evaluated by chloroplast and nuclear DNA markers.
> Genome 48:55-64.
>
> Szczerbakowa, A., D. Boltowicz, R. Lebecka, P. Radomski, and B.
> Wielgat. 2005. Characteristics of the interspecific somatic hybrids
> *Solanum pinnatisectum* (+) *S. tuberosum* H-8105. Acta Phys. Plant.
> 27(3(A)):265-273.
>
> Tek, A.L. and J.M. Jiang. 2004. The centromeric regions of potato
> chromosomes contain megabase-sized tandem arrays of telomere-similar
> sequence. Chromosoma 113(2):77-83.
>
> Tek, A.L., W.R. Stevenson, J.P. Helgeson, and J.M. Jiang. 2004.
> Transfer of tuber soft rot and early blight resistances from *Solanum
> brevidens* into cultivated potato. Theor. Appl. Genet. 109(2):249-254.
>
> Thieme, R., U. Darsow, L. Rakosy-Tican, Kang Zhen-Sheng, T.
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> virus Y (PVY) into cultivated potato. Pl. Breed. Seed Sci. 50:113-118.
>
> Thill, C.A. and I.I. Dinu. 2005. Examining chromosomal interactions in
> inter-series hybrids of *Solanum* ssp, section *Petota*. Presented at
> XVI Triennial Conference of the European Assoc. for Potato Research,
> Bilbao, Spain.
>
> Thill, C.A. and J. Miller. 2005. Minnesota potato breeding program
> progress report-2005. Proc. of the 35^th^ Annual Meeting, NCR-84
> Potato Breeding and Genetics Technical Committee, Chicago, Illinois,
> January 2005.
>
> Thompson, A.L., R.G. Novy, B.L. Farnsworth, G.A. Secor, N.C.
> Gudmestad, J.R. Sowokinos, E.T. Holm, J.H. Lorenzen, and D. Preston.
> 2005. Dakota Pearl: An attractive, bright white-skinned, cold-chipping
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>
> Trabelsi, S., R. Garbouri-Bouzid, F. Vedel, A. Nato, L. Lakhoua, and
> N. Drira. 2005. Somatic hybrids between potato *Solanum tuberosum* and
> wild species *Solanum vernei* exhibit a recombination in the pastome.
> Plant Cell, Tissue & Organ Culture 83:1-11.
>
> Vaananen, T., T Ikonen, V.M. Rokka, P. Kuronen, R. Serimaa, and V.
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>
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> pp. 184-208.
>
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>
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>
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>
> Zoteyeva, N. 2004. Expression of resistance to *Phytophthora
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> 50:129-135.

B.  **[Theses Reporting Research with NRSP-6 Stocks]{.underline}**

> Dinu, I.I. 2005. Introgression of wild *Solanum* species germplasm
> into cultivated potato gene pool using EBN manipulation. Ph.D.
> Dissertation, University of Minnesota, 138 pp.
>
> Sanchez, Maria J. 2005. Allelic mining for late blight resistance in
> wild *Solanum* species belonging to series *Bulbocastana*. M.S.
> Thesis, University of Minnesota, 180 pp.
>
> Villamon, Francisco. 2005. Late blight resistance linkages in a novel
> cross of the wild potato species *Solanum paucissectum* (series
> *Piurana*). M.S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
>
> **7. [APPROVED]{.underline}**

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W.De Jong, Chairman, Technical Committee Date

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S.A. Slack, Lead Administrative Advisor Date