Number range CHAPTERTropical Cyclone Report

Hurricane Rita

18-26 September 2005

Richard D. Knabb, Daniel P. Brown, and Jamie R. Rhome

National Hurricane Center

17 March 2006

Updated 14 August 2006 for updated property damage cost estimates

and for a few storm surge observations

Rita was an intense hurricane that reached Category 5 strength (on the
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) over the central Gulf of Mexico, where
it had the fourth-lowest central pressure on record in the Atlantic
basin. Although it weakened prior to making landfall as a Category 3
hurricane near the Texas/Louisiana border, Rita produced significant
storm surge that devastated coastal communities in southwestern
Louisiana, and its winds, rain, and tornadoes caused fatalities and a
wide swath of damage from eastern Texas to Alabama. Additionally, Rita
caused floods due to storm surge in portions of the Florida Keys.

a.  Synoptic History

Rita originated from a complex interaction between a tropical wave and
the remnants of a cold front. The tropical wave moved off the west coast
of Africa on 7 September. It failed to produce much deep convection as
it traversed the tropical Atlantic during 8-12 September. Convection
briefly consolidated along the axis of the tropical wave late on 13
September about 800 miles east of the Lesser Antilles, but it soon
diminished again. Meanwhile, a cold front had pushed southward over the
central Atlantic during 11-12 September and then became stationary a
couple hundred miles north of the Leeward Islands on 13 September. The
southern extent of the stationary front lost definition and became a
remnant surface trough on 14 September. This trough then drifted
westward on 15 September and detached from the remainder of the
weakening front as strong high pressure built eastward over the western
Atlantic. The detached trough moved slowly westward to the north of
Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands on 16 September, producing a large
but disorganized area of disturbed weather.

Accompanied by very limited convection, the tropical wave moved westward
across the Leeward Islands on 16 September and then merged with the
surface trough north of Puerto Rico early on 17 September. Shower and
thunderstorm activity became more concentrated later that day north of
the Dominican Republic, and the area of disturbed weather was given its
first satellite classifications by the Tropical Analysis and Forecast
Branch (TAFB) and the Satellite Analysis Branch (SAB) at 1800 UTC 17
September. A continued gradual increase in organization was aided by
just enough relaxation of vertical shear, as a middle- to upper-
tropospheric low that had been positioned over the western Atlantic
shifted westward over Cuba and the northwestern Caribbean Sea. A
tropical depression is estimated to have formed by 0000 UTC 18 September
approximately 70 n mi east of Grand Turk in the Turks and Caicos.

The "best track" chart of the tropical cyclone's path is given in Fig.
1, with the wind and pressure histories shown in Figs. 2 and 3,
respectively. The best track positions and intensities are listed in
Table 1. On 18 and 19 September, Rita moved toward the west-northwest
over the Turks and Caicos and the southeastern Bahamas. The depression
gradually gained organization on 18 September, with strong convection
wrapping around the north side of the low-level circulation center. It
became a tropical storm by 1800 UTC that day about 25 n mi
east-southeast of the island of Mayaguana in the southeastern Bahamas.
However, moderate southerly vertical shear, to the east of the middle-
to upper-level low over the northwestern Caribbean Sea, continued to
affect the system by confining upper-level outflow and deep convection
to the north of the center. While the steering flow was generally toward
the west, the low-level center steadily reformed to the north, resulting
in a west-northwestward motion. Once the upper-level low to the west
weakened on 19 September and the shear over Rita relaxed, the convection
became more symmetric about the center and the storm strengthened. Rita
reached an intensity of 60 kt (maximum sustained surface winds) by 1800
UTC that day while centered just south of the island of Great Exuma. The
storm then turned more westward early on 20 September along the southern
periphery of a deep-layer ridge positioned over the western Atlantic and
Florida. For several hours Rita struggled to maintain an inner core, and
it remained a tropical storm with maximum winds of 60 kt into the
morning of 20 September as it approached the Florida Straits. Once
there, however, Rita began to strengthen, and it became a hurricane with
an intensity of 70 kt by 1200 UTC 20 September about 100 n mi
east-southeast of Key West, Florida. Rita then attained an intensity of
85 kt (Category 2) by 1800 UTC that day, and its center passed about 40
n mi south of Key West about an hour later.

Even more rapid strengthening ensued. Rita proceeded westward into the
southeastern Gulf of Mexico as a Category 3 hurricane early on 21
September. Throughout most of the remainder of that day, Rita quickly
intensified over the very warm waters of the Loop Current and within an
environment of very weak vertical wind shear, reaching an intensity of
145 kt by 1800 UTC. Rita had strengthened from a tropical storm to a
Category 5 hurricane in less than 36 h. It remained at Category 5
strength for about the next 18 h, reaching its estimated peak intensity
of 155 kt by 0300 UTC 22 September while located about 270 n mi
south-southeast of the mouth of the Mississippi River. During that time
it also turned toward the west-northwest around the western extent of
the middle- to upper-tropospheric ridge centered over the southeastern
United States.

The inner eyewall deteriorated later on 22 September and Rita abruptly
weakened to Category 4 strength with 125 kt maximum winds by 1800 UTC
that day. By early on 23 September a new, outer eyewall had consolidated
and the hurricane had grown in size. However, Rita did not re-intensify
following the structural changes. Due to increasing southwesterly wind
shear and slightly cooler waters, steady weakening continued on 23
September. Rita rounded the western periphery of the deep-layer ridge
and turned toward the northwest that day, with a slight increase in
forward speed from about 8 to about 10 kt. It weakened to a Category 3
hurricane with 110 kt maximum winds by 1800 UTC 23 September about 140 n
mi southeast of Sabine Pass at the Texas/Louisiana border. Rita
maintained Category 3 status up to the time of landfall of the center,
which occurred at 0740 UTC 24 September with an estimated intensity of
100 kt, in extreme southwestern Louisiana just west of Johnson's Bayou
and just east of Sabine Pass.

Rita weakened after making landfall, remaining a hurricane until only
about 1200 UTC 24 September when it was centered about 35 n mi north of
Beaumont, Texas. As a steadily weakening tropical storm, Rita proceeded
northward, with its center moving roughly along the Texas/Louisiana
border during the remainder of that day. Rita weakened to a tropical
depression by 0600 UTC 25 September while centered over southwestern
Arkansas and then turned northeastward ahead of an approaching frontal
system. The depression lost its organized convection and degenerated to
a remnant low early on 26 September over southeastern Illinois. The low
was absorbed into a frontal zone later that morning over the southern
Great Lakes region.

b.  Meteorological Statistics

    Observations in Rita (Figs. 2 and 3) include data from satellites,
    aircraft, airborne and ground-based radars, conventional land-based
    surface and upper-air observing sites, Coastal-Marine Automated
    Network (C-MAN) stations, National Ocean Service (NOS) stations,
    ocean data buoys, and ships. Selected ship reports of winds of
    tropical storm force associated with Rita are given in Table 2, and
    selected surface observations from land stations and from coastal
    and fixed ocean data buoys are given in Table 3. Data from many
    Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) sites, C-MAN and NOS
    stations, and buoys are incomplete due to weather-induced failures
    prior to or about the time when peak winds and minimum pressures
    occurred.

    Satellite observations include geostationary satellite-based Dvorak
    Technique intensity estimates from TAFB, SAB, and the U. S. Air
    Force Weather Agency (AFWA). Microwave satellite data and imagery
    from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
    satellites, Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP)
    satellites, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
    satellites, including the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission
    (TRMM), QuikSCAT, and Aqua, were also useful in tracking Rita and
    assessing changes in its internal structure.

    Since Rita formed in the western Atlantic and spent its entire life
    span near or over land areas, aircraft reconnaissance missions were
    tasked almost continuously from its genesis until final landfall.
    Observations from aircraft include flight-level and dropwindsonde
    data from 16 operational missions into Rita that were conducted by
    the 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron of the U. S. Air Force
    Reserve Command, which produced 63 center fixes. Seven missions were
    flown by the NOAA Aircraft Operations Center (AOC) WP-3D aircraft,
    producing additional flight-level and dropwindsonde observations, 15
    center fixes, surface wind speed data from the Stepped Frequency
    Microwave Radiometer (SFMR) with post-storm calibration conducted by
    the NOAA Hurricane Research Division (HRD), and airborne Doppler
    radar-derived wind analyses also provided by HRD. Additionally, the
    NOAA G-IV jet conducted eight synoptic surveillance missions around
    Rita during 19-23 September.

    NWS WSR-88D Doppler radars at Key West, Florida and Lake Charles,
    Louisiana provided center fixes on Rita. Velocity data from these
    radars were used to help estimate the intensity of Rita when it was
    near or over land.

    Several data sources indicate that Rita was a hurricane with maximum
    sustained surface winds (one-minute average at 10 m elevation) of 70
    kt by 1200 UTC 20 September, although it probably first reached
    hurricane status an hour or two earlier. Radar imagery from the Key
    West NWS WSR-88D shows that as Rita moved into the Florida Straits
    that morning it developed a persistent eye, and the radar velocity
    data indicate that winds near 90 kt at about 5000 ft (corresponding
    to about 70 kt at the surface using an average 80% adjustment from
    that altitude) began about 1200 UTC. A surface wind estimate of 73
    kt was then obtained at 1342 UTC from a dropwindsonde, derived from
    the mean wind over the lowest 150 m of the sounding (labeled 'LLM'
    in Fig. 2). The intensity of 85 kt at 1800 UTC 20 September, near
    the time of the center's closest approach to Key West, is based on
    WSR-88D velocity data, a peak SFMR surface wind speed measurement of
    81 kt at 1605 UTC, and a few dropwindsondes that directly measured
    surface (10 m) winds near 90 kt between about 1330 UTC and 2230 UTC.
    The maximum winds in Rita remained just south of the Florida Keys,
    although sustained hurricane-force winds might have impacted
    portions of the extreme lower Keys for a brief period. The Sand Key
    C-MAN station, located about 6 n mi southwest of Key West but with
    an anemometer height of 44 m, reported a 10-minute average wind of
    63 kt at 2110 UTC, with an earlier peak gust to 80 kt. A one-minute
    sustained wind was probably slightly stronger, and the actual peak
    wind could have occurred after the instrument was destroyed around
    2200 UTC. The Key West International Airport later measured a
    two-minute sustained wind of 54 kt with a gust to 66 kt at 2314 UTC.
    Most of the remainder of the Keys experienced sustained winds and
    gusts of tropical storm force (Table 3). Wind gusts of tropical
    storm force were experienced over much of the extreme southern
    Florida peninsula south of Lake Okeechobee on 20 September. Several
    reports of sustained winds of tropical storm force were received
    from western Cuba on 20 and 21 September while the center passed
    within about 40 n mi from the north coast of the island.

    Aircraft and satellite data indicate that Rita intensified on 21
    September from 95 kt (Category 2) at 0000 UTC that day to 145 kt
    (Category 5) just 18 h later. The first wind observation supporting
    Category 5 intensity was 138 kt at 1606 UTC from the SFMR, using a
    post-season calibration based on dropwindsonde data to improve
    performance at extreme wind speeds. The peak SFMR estimate was 146
    kt at 1912 UTC 21 September, followed by a 144 kt estimate at 1945
    UTC. A 700-mb flight-level wind of 161 kt was measured near 1935
    UTC, corresponding to about 145 kt at the surface based on the
    average 90% adjustment from 700 mb. Two dropwindsondes directly
    measured 10-m winds of 142 and 149 kt shortly after 1930 UTC (Fig.
    2).

    Analysis of dropwindsonde observations indicates that the central
    pressure in Rita fell a remarkable 70 mb in the 24-h period ending
    0000 UTC 22 September (Fig. 3), when the pressure had fallen to an
    estimated 897 mb with an estimated wind intensity of 150 kt. The
    best track central pressure at that time is based upon a
    dropwindsonde observation at 2309 UTC 21 September of 899 mb, but
    with a surface wind of 32 kt; therefore, the actual central pressure
    was likely a couple of mb lower. Following that penetration of the
    eye, the aircraft departed Rita and no reconnaissance data were
    available during the subsequent six-hour period between about 2330
    UTC 21 September and 0530 UTC 22 September.

    When the next aircraft arrived, dropwindsondes in the eye measured
    898 mb (with a surface wind of 13 kt) at 0538 UTC and 899 mb (with a
    surface wind of 35 kt) at 0715 UTC. Based on these data, the best
    track central pressure is also estimated at 897 mb at 0600 UTC 22
    September. However, due to the roughly six-hour gap in aircraft
    data, the lowest pressure and maximum winds that actually occurred
    in Rita are subject to speculation. Since the pressure was falling
    until 0000 UTC and rising after 0600 UTC, the minimum pressure in
    Rita probably occurred at about 0300 UTC 22 September and is
    estimated at 895 mb. This value represents the fourth-lowest on
    record in the Atlantic basin best track database, behind 882 mb in
    Wilma (2005), 888 mb in Gilbert (1988), and 892 mb in the 1935
    Florida Keys hurricane. The maximum 700-mb flight-level wind
    observed during Rita was 165 kt at 0538 UTC 22 September,
    corresponding to about 149 kt at the surface. However, the very
    limited temporal and spatial sampling by aircraft during the period
    of minimum pressure increases the likelihood that the actual maximum
    flight-level wind was not measured. The eye diameter as reported by
    aircraft contracted from 20 n mi near 0000 UTC to 16 n mi near 0600
    UTC, suggesting that slight strengthening could have occurred during
    that time. Dvorak intensity estimates from both TAFB and SAB were
    155 kt at 0645 UTC 22 September, and that was the first time both
    agencies provided an estimate that high (only SAB estimated 155 kt
    at 2345 UTC 21 September). Considering all of these factors, the
    peak best track intensity is set to 155 kt (just 5 kt greater than
    what was assessed operationally) and is estimated to have occurred
    at 0300 and 0600 UTC 22 September. Following two days of rapid
    strengthening, Rita had also become a large hurricane, with 34-kt
    winds extending up to 160 n mi from the center at the time of peak
    intensity.

    The weakening of Rita during the last 48 h leading up to landfall
    was associated with significant changes in its internal structure.
    Aircraft flight-level wind maxima and passive microwave imagery
    reveal that on 22 September an outer eyewall developed while the
    inner eyewall deteriorated. By early on 23 September, the original,
    inner eyewall was no longer present, and the eye diameter had
    increased to about 30 n mi. This sequence of events is depicted in
    Fig. 4 (panels B through E) by a series of passive microwave images
    from AMSR-E, TRMM, and SSMI; for comparison, panel A shows Rita
    shortly after reaching Category 5 intensity on 21 September. One
    consequence of these structural changes was some additional
    expansion of Rita's wind field, and by early on 23 September, winds
    of tropical storm force extended up to about 180 n mi from the
    center and hurricane-force winds extended up to about 75 n mi out.
    The central pressure only slowly climbed while Rita's winds weakened
    over the northwestern Gulf. However, due to the structural changes,
    the maximum sustained winds decreased fairly quickly, especially in
    the first 24 h after peak intensity, as indicated by all available
    aircraft data (Fig. 2).

    The strongest 700-mb flight-level winds during the few hours leading
    up to landfall were 111-115 kt, east and northeast of the eye within
    the deep convection that remained north of the center. These data
    correspond to surface winds of 100-104 kt using the average 90%
    adjustment. However, WSR-88D velocity data from Lake Charles,
    Louisiana around the time of landfall depict winds near the top of
    the boundary layer (about 500 m in altitude) of up to about 120 kt
    over water near the coast and east of the eye. Based on an average
    75% adjustment from that altitude, these data would correspond to
    about 90 kt surface winds. Additionally, a dropwindsonde at 0544 UTC
    provided an estimated 92 kt surface wind, derived from an average
    80% adjustment of the 115 kt mean boundary layer wind speed in the
    profile. Based on these various data, and since the maximum surface
    wind at landfall was likely not sampled by the aircraft or radar,
    the landfall intensity is set to 100 kt. This intensity is 5 kt less
    than what was assessed operationally but is still of Category 3
    strength.

    The central pressure at landfall is estimated at 937 mb based on
    dropwindsonde data just a few minutes earlier. The landfall pressure
    and the 935 mb best track pressure at 0600 UTC 24 September are the
    lowest on record in the Atlantic basin for an intensity of 100 kt.
    Similar to Katrina one month earlier, the relatively weak winds in
    Rita for such a low pressure result from the broadening pressure
    field during its last 48 h over the Gulf of Mexico that spread the
    pressure gradient over a much larger than average distance from the
    center, as confirmed by both surface and aircraft observations.

    The strongest sustained wind reported from an official surface
    observing site was 71 kt (with a gust to 86 kt) at the C-MAN station
    (anemometer height of 13 m) at Sabine River, Texas near the
    Louisiana border at 0700 UTC 24 September. Sustained hurricane-force
    winds were also reported at the Southeast Texas Regional Airport in
    Beaumont, Texas (70 kt) and at the Calcasieu Pass, Louisiana NOS
    station (67 kt), although the latter became inoperative more than
    two hours prior to landfall of the center of Rita. A variety of
    temporary instrumented towers in extreme southeastern Texas also
    measured sustained hurricane-force winds, as strong as 82 kt, with
    peak 3-second gusts up to about 100 kt (Table 3). All available data
    suggest that many areas in extreme southeastern Texas and extreme
    southwestern Louisiana experienced Category 1 hurricane conditions,
    and a few areas experienced Category 2 hurricane conditions, with
    Category 3 hurricane conditions being confined to a very small area
    east of the eye along the immediate coast of extreme southwestern
    Louisiana. Due to its large size, Rita produced sustained winds of
    tropical storm force in many portions of southeastern Louisiana
    (including cities such as Baton Rouge) and southeastern Texas
    (including the Houston and Galveston areas) (Table 3).

    Despite having weakened, Rita was still a large Category 3 hurricane
    at landfall and produced a very significant storm surge in
    southwestern Louisiana, an area very vulnerable to surge. Since so
    many structures were completely destroyed, and because many gages
    failed up to several hours before the center of the hurricane
    crossed the coast (see Table 3), measuring the storm surge has been
    a daunting task. Only a few high water marks have been collected and
    analyzed under the direction of the Federal Emergency Management
    Agency (FEMA). These data along with unofficial visual estimates
    suggest that the storm surge in portions of the Cameron, Louisiana
    area was as high as about 15 ft. Water was also pushed into
    Calcasieu Lake, flooding portions of communities along its
    shoreline, such as Grand Lake, with a storm surge of at least about
    8 ft. The surge then propagated up the Calcasieu River and flooded
    portions of the Lake Charles area, where in several locations the
    surge reached Interstate 10 (about 25 n mi from the Gulf coast).
    Flood waters in downtown Lake Charles were as deep as about 6 ft in
    some places. Farther east, most or all of Vermillion, Iberia, and
    St. Mary Parishes south of Highway 14 and U. S. 90 (several miles
    inland) were inundated by the storm surge, visually estimated at
    8-12 ft in some of these areas; a high water mark of nearly 12 ft
    was also observed in western St. Mary Parish near the town of
    Louisa. The water crossed these highways in numerous locations and
    was 3 to 6 ft deep in many homes.

    Rita also produced storm surge, generally 4-7 ft based on gage data
    and a high water mark observation, in coastal areas of southeastern
    Louisiana, flooding some areas that had already been impacted by the
    surge from Hurricane Katrina about one month earlier. Some flooding
    was also reported along Lake Pontchartrain in Slidell and
    Mandeville. Some local drainage levees in southern Jefferson and
    southern Terrebonne Parishes were overtopped or breached, as were a
    few repaired levees in the New Orleans area. While the additional
    flooding was not as extensive as during Katrina, it contributed to
    prolonging the efforts, which lasted until early October, to remove
    all floodwaters from the New Orleans area.

    Just west of the landfall location of the circulation center,
    incomplete gage data suggest a storm surge of at least 5 ft occurred
    at Sabine Pass. Gages that survived the event farther north along
    Sabine Lake measured peak water levels of about 4-5 ft. Storm tides
    measured at gages along much of the Texas coast were generally in
    the 3-5 foot range, and most of these peaks occurred during the day
    on 23 September (the day prior to landfall). Some flooding occurred
    later on 24 September after landfall of Rita's center along the
    northern shores of Galveston Island and the Bolivar Peninsula, as
    northerly winds pushed waters of Galveston Bay southward. Sustained
    winds of tropical storm force produced by Rita also resulted in a
    surge of about 1.5 ft on Lake Livingston, located in southeastern
    Texas about 60 miles north of Houston and about 50 miles west of the
    path of the center of the storm.

    Rita also produced storm surge in the Florida Keys while its center
    passed just south of the island chain on 20 September. Visual storm
    tide estimates suggest the maximum storm surge in the Keys might
    have been about 4-5 ft along the south-facing shores of Key West and
    the remaining lower Keys, and 3-4 ft along portions of the Atlantic
    shores of the middle and upper Keys. The surge flooded the runway at
    Key West International Airport, and it penetrated up to about four
    blocks inland along streets in Key West that were flooded to depths
    of about three ft.

    Storm total rainfall in the lower and middle Florida Keys was
    generally 2-4 in, with greater than 6 in estimated by radar in
    portions of the Upper Keys. A few storm total amounts exceeding 3 in
    were reported over the extreme southern Florida peninsula. Rita also
    produced very heavy rains in many portions of Mississippi,
    Louisiana, and extreme eastern Texas. Storm total amounts of 5-9 in
    were common in these areas, with some isolated maxima of 10-15 in.
    Flash floods occurred in several areas, including the Big Black
    River basin of west-central Mississippi. Several cities reported
    flooded streets due to heavy rains. Portions of Arkansas received
    3-6 in of rain from Rita.

    At least 90 tornadoes were reported in association with Rita, mainly
    to the north and east of the circulation center in portions of
    Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Arkansas. Rita produced the
    most tornadoes (56) in a single event (of 48 h or less in duration)
    ever recorded in the area of responsibility of the Jackson,
    Mississippi NWS forecast office (which also includes portions of
    northeastern Louisiana and extreme southeastern Arkansas). Eleven
    tornadoes were reported in other portions of Arkansas, and 23
    tornadoes were reported in Alabama.

c.  Casualty and Damage Statistics

    The approach of Rita provoked one the largest evacuations in U. S.
    history. Media reports indicate that the number of evacuees in Texas
    could have exceeded two million. Additional evacuations involving
    smaller numbers took place in Louisiana.

    Seven fatalities have been directly attributed to the forces of
    Rita. One was due to drowning near Lake Charles, Louisiana; two
    people died in Hardin, Texas when a tree was blown down onto their
    home; one person died when a tree fell on her home in Point Blank,
    Texas; another person was killed by a falling tree in Angelina
    County, Texas; one person was killed in a tornado near Isola,
    Mississippi; and one person drowned in a rip current at Miramar
    Beach in the Florida panhandle on 24 September. At least 55
    "indirect" fatalities have been reported in Texas. Six of these
    occurred in Beaumont due to carbon monoxide poisoning. A bus
    accident south of Dallas during the course of the evacuation killed
    more than 20 persons, mostly elderly evacuees from a nursing home.
    Other persons died during the evacuation due to heat exhaustion.

    The storm surge of Rita devastated entire communities in coastal
    areas of southwestern Louisiana, including Holly Beach, Cameron,
    Creole, and Grand Cheniere in Cameron Parish. Almost every structure
    in these areas was destroyed, and some were completely swept away.
    Severe beach erosion occurred at Holly Beach. Several miles inland
    from the Gulf along Calcasieu Lake, numerous homes in the town of
    Grand Lake were damaged or destroyed. Many portions of the Lake
    Charles area suffered substantial flood damage, including downtown
    and some surrounding residential communities. In Vermillion Parish,
    dozens of homes and businesses were flooded and damaged by storm
    surge, and most structures in the town of Pecan Island were
    destroyed. Storm surge damage to homes and businesses in low-lying
    areas extended eastward along the entire coast of Louisiana,
    although the impact in the New Orleans area was not nearly as
    widespread as during Hurricane Katrina. In Jefferson County, Texas,
    west of where the center made landfall and adjacent to Sabine Lake,
    the storm surge flooded several homes, and some mobile homes floated
    away from their original locations. The surge on Lake Livingston in
    southeastern Texas caused some damage to the Lake Livingston Dam.
    Rita also caused some damage to homes and businesses due to storm
    surge in portions of the Florida Keys. Rita's winds, tornadoes, and
    fresh water floods caused damage to many other homes and businesses
    over a large area including portions of Louisiana, eastern Texas,
    Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas, and the Florida Keys. Rita caused
    wide swaths of downed trees and power lines, leaving well over one
    million customers in these areas without electrical service, some
    for days or even weeks. Oil and gas production and refining in the
    northwestern Gulf of Mexico region was disrupted by Rita (largely
    due to evacuations), but the impacts were not as severe as those
    farther east due to Hurricane Katrina. The most recent available
    estimate by the American Insurance Services Group of the insured
    property damage in the United States caused by Rita is \$5.05
    billion. Doubling this figure to account for uninsured losses yields
    a rough estimate for total damage of about \$10 billion.

d.  Forecast and Warning Critique

Development of the system that eventually became Rita was
well-anticipated in the Atlantic Tropical Weather Outlook (TWO) products
issued by the NHC. The system was first mentioned in the TWO, along with
the expectation that upper-level winds would become more conducive for
its development, more than 48 h prior to genesis. An increased potential
for the formation of a tropical depression was conveyed more than 24 h
prior to genesis.

Average official (OFCL) track forecast errors in nautical miles (n mi)
(with number of cases in parentheses) for Rita were 27 (29), 54 (29), 76
(27), 93 (25), 120 (21), 164 (17), and 197 (13) for the 12, 24, 36, 48,
72, 96, and 120 h forecasts, respectively. These forecast errors are
considerably smaller than the corresponding average official Atlantic
track errors for the 10-year period 1995-2004[^1]: 42, 75, 107, 138,
202, 236, and 310 n mi (Table 4). However, OFCL errors varied widely
during the life span of Rita. Official forecasts issued on 18-19
September, when Rita was a tropical depression and then a tropical
storm, had exceptionally small errors, quite accurately forecasting
Rita's path through the Florida Straits and into the central Gulf
followed by a turn toward the northwest. Official forecasts issued on
20-21 September, however, were more biased to the south and were late in
forecasting Rita's turn toward the northwest. Then, on 22-23 September,
official forecasts within about 48 h of final landfall were once again
quite accurate, except for incorrectly anticipating Rita to stall within
a couple of days after moving inland (as did all of the reliable
models). The significant changes in OFCL errors were essentially
concurrent with two fairly dramatic changes in the track guidance. The
model forecasts shifted south early on 20 September but then back north
early on 22 September, and since these changes were in general unanimous
among the reliable models, the official forecasts trended toward the
guidance in both instances. However, in part because the official track
forecasts were changed fairly conservatively, they had average errors
beyond 36 h that were smaller than any of the consensus guidance
including GUNA, CONU, and the Florida State University Superensemble
(FSSE). The official track forecasts also had smaller errors at all
forecast times than the interpolated NOGAPS (NGPI), GFDN (GFDI), and UK
Met Office (UKMI) models. The NWS dynamical models performed rather well
during Rita. The interpolated GFDL (GFDI) slightly outperformed OFCL at
72-120 h, while the interpolated GFS (GFSI) had smaller errors than OFCL
out to 48 h and at 120 h (Table 4).

Average official intensity errors during Rita (including depression
stage) were 11, 16, 18, 20, 29, 23, and 18 kt for the 12, 24, 36, 48,
72, 96, and 120 h forecasts respectively. The errors through 72 h are
considerably larger than the corresponding Atlantic 10-year (1995-2004)
averages of 6, 10, 12, 15, and 18 kt. The rapid intensification of Rita
during 20-21 September, from a tropical storm to a Category 5 hurricane
in less than 36 h, was not anticipated in official intensity forecasts
(although a slower strengthening to major hurricane status was
forecast). The observed rate of weakening after peak intensity also was
not anticipated. Obviously, forecasting such rapid intensity changes
remains an operational challenge. However, official forecasts issued on
19 September, when Rita was still a tropical storm, did anticipate Rita
to be at or near Category 2 hurricane strength before passing by the
Florida Keys the next day. Also, every official forecast issued within
about four days of final landfall indicated Rita would be a major
hurricane (at least Category 3 intensity) upon reaching the coast in the
northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Official intensity forecasts generally had
smaller average errors than most of the objective intensity guidance;
exceptions were that the SHIPS model (with inland decay component
included) had smaller errors at 48, 72, and 96 h, and the FSSE had
smaller errors at 72 and 96 h. The smaller SHIPS errors at 48-96 h are
mostly due to its forecasts of more weakening after Rita's peak
intensity than was indicated in the official intensity forecasts.

Table 5 lists the watches and warnings issued for Rita. Hurricane
watches and warnings for the United States were issued well in advance
of the arrival of hurricane conditions. The hurricane watch for the
Florida Keys was issued roughly 48 h before the center of Rita passed
near the Keys and produced hurricane-force winds (at least in gusts) in
Key West and storm surge flooding in many portions of the Keys. The
hurricane watch for the Keys was upgraded to a warning about 36 h in
advance. The initial hurricane watch for the northwestern Gulf coast,
which included most of the Texas coast and extreme southwestern
Louisiana as far east as Cameron, was issued about 58 h prior to
landfall of the circulation center near the Texas/Louisiana border. The
hurricane watch was later extended eastward to Intracoastal City,
Louisiana about 46 h before landfall of the center. A portion of the
hurricane watch area was upgraded to a warning about 40 h in advance,
and Rita made landfall near the center of that warning area. These long
lead times were necessary to account for the large size of Rita and for
the need to complete preparations prior to the arrival of winds of
tropical storm force. It is important to note that the hurricane watch
and warning areas had to be as large as they were, not only due to
Rita's size but also due to the uncertainty in the track forecast at the
time the watches and warnings were issued. The fact that Rita made
landfall near the eastern edge rather than the middle of the initial
hurricane watch area underscores the need to take into account forecast
uncertainty and for preparation to occur throughout the entire watch and
warning areas.

e.  Acknowledgements

> Some of the aircraft reconnaissance data in this report were
> processed, interpreted, and furnished by NOAA's Hurricane Research
> Division (HRD). Special appreciation is extended to Dr. Peter Black
> (HRD) and Mr. Eric Ulhorn (HRD) for their analysis of this data. Mr.
> Colin McAdie (NHC) provided access to and insightful analysis of
> archived WSR-88D radar data provided by the NWS Forecast Office in
> Lake Charles, Louisiana. Most of the surface observations in this
> report were provided by the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) and by
> several NWS Forecast Offices in Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, and
> Texas. Dr. Stephen Baig (NHC Storm Surge Team Leader) and Lt. Jennifer
> Pralgo (NOAA Commissioned Corps Officer at NHC) provided storm surge
> data that were collected and analyzed under the direction of the
> Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Appreciation is also
> extended to NHC Hurricane Specialists Lixion Avila, Jack Beven, James
> Franklin, Richard Pasch, and Stacy Stewart, to NHC Deputy Director Ed
> Rappaport, and to NHC Director Max Mayfield for their valuable input
> to this report.

Number range CHAPTERTable 1. Best track for Hurricane Rita, 18-26
September 2005.

+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| Da      | La     | Lo      | Pressure  | Wind      | Stage          |
| te/Time | titude | ngitude |           | Speed     |                |
|         |        |         | (mb)      |           |                |
| (UTC)   | (°N)   | (°W)    |           | (kt)      |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 18 /    | 21.3   | 69.9    | 1009      | 25        | tropical       |
| 0000    |        |         |           |           | depression     |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 18 /    | 21.6   | 70.7    | 1009      | 25        | \"             |
| 0600    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 18 /    | 21.9   | 71.5    | 1007      | 30        | \"             |
| 1200    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 18 /    | 22.2   | 72.3    | 1005      | 35        | tropical storm |
| 1800    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 19 /    | 22.4   | 73.0    | 1002      | 45        | \"             |
| 0000    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 19 /    | 22.6   | 73.8    | 999       | 50        | \"             |
| 0600    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 19 /    | 22.8   | 74.7    | 997       | 55        | \"             |
| 1200    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 19 /    | 23.1   | 75.9    | 994       | 60        | \"             |
| 1800    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 20 /    | 23.3   | 77.2    | 992       | 60        | \"             |
| 0000    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 20 /    | 23.5   | 78.8    | 990       | 60        | \"             |
| 0600    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 20 /    | 23.7   | 80.3    | 985       | 70        | hurricane      |
| 1200    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 20 /    | 23.9   | 81.6    | 975       | 85        | \"             |
| 1800    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 21 /    | 24.1   | 82.7    | 967       | 95        | \"             |
| 0000    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 21 /    | 24.2   | 84.0    | 955       | 110       | \"             |
| 0600    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 21 /    | 24.2   | 85.2    | 941       | 120       | \"             |
| 1200    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 21 /    | 24.3   | 86.2    | 920       | 145       | \"             |
| 1800    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 22 /    | 24.5   | 86.9    | 897       | 150       | \"             |
| 0000    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 22 /    | 24.8   | 87.6    | 897       | 155       | \"             |
| 0600    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 22 /    | 25.2   | 88.3    | 908       | 140       | \"             |
| 1200    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 22 /    | 25.6   | 89.1    | 914       | 125       | \"             |
| 1800    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 23 /    | 26.0   | 89.9    | 915       | 120       | \"             |
| 0000    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 23 /    | 26.5   | 90.7    | 924       | 115       | \"             |
| 0600    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 23 /    | 27.1   | 91.5    | 927       | 115       | \"             |
| 1200    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 23 /    | 27.8   | 92.3    | 930       | 110       | \"             |
| 1800    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 24 /    | 28.6   | 93.0    | 931       | 105       | \"             |
| 0000    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 24 /    | 29.4   | 93.6    | 935       | 100       | \"             |
| 0600    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 24 /    | 30.5   | 94.1    | 949       | 65        | \"             |
| 1200    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 24 /    | 31.6   | 94.1    | 974       | 45        | tropical storm |
| 1800    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 25 /    | 32.7   | 94.0    | 982       | 35        | \"             |
| 0000    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 25 /    | 33.7   | 93.6    | 989       | 30        | tropical       |
| 0600    |        |         |           |           | depression     |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 25 /    | 34.7   | 92.5    | 995       | 25        | \"             |
| 1200    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 25 /    | 35.8   | 91.4    | 1000      | 25        | \"             |
| 1800    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 26 /    | 37.0   | 90.1    | 1003      | 20        | \"             |
| 0000    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 26 /    | 39.5   | 88.0    | 1006      | 20        | remnant low    |
| 0600    |        |         |           |           |                |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 26 /    |        |         |           |           | absorbed by    |
| 1200    |        |         |           |           | front          |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 22 /    | 24.7   | 87.3    | 895       | 155       | minimum        |
| 0300    |        |         |           |           | pressure and   |
|         |        |         |           |           | maximum wind   |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+
| 24 /    | 29.7   | 93.7    | 937       | 100       | landfall       |
| 0740    |        |         |           |           | between        |
|         |        |         |           |           | Johnson's      |
|         |        |         |           |           | Bayou, LA and  |
|         |        |         |           |           | Sabine Pass    |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+-----------+----------------+

Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERTable 2. Selected ship reports
with winds of at least 34 kt for Hurricane Rita, 18-26 September 2005.

+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| Date/Time | Ship call | Latitude  | Longitude | Wind      | Pressure  |
|           | sign      | (°N)      |           | dir/speed | (mb)      |
| (UTC)     |           |           | (°W)      | (kt)      |           |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 18 / 1500 | KCGH      | 22.1      | 70.5      | 120 / 35  | 1009.5    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 / 0300 | WGJT      | 24.6      | 73.7      | 060 / 35  | 1012.4    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 / 0600 | 3FPS9     | 24.7      | 73.9      | 080 / 35  | 1011.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 / 0700 | WGJT      | 24.0      | 72.9      | 090 / 40  | 1009.6    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 / 0900 | 3FPS9     | 24.2      | 73.2      | 060 / 54  | 1009.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 / 1200 | WJBJ      | 24.0      | 68.2      | 110 / 35  | 1014.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 / 1800 | WJBJ      | 22.5      | 67.7      | 120 / 44  | 1013.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 19 / 2100 | A8FS4     | 24.7      | 74.7      | 110 / 37  | 1008.5    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 20 / 0000 | A8FS4     | 25.6      | 74.6      | 080 / 35  | 1012.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 / 0600 | PFEI      | 26.7      | 83.5      | 050 / 37  | 1009.5    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 / 0900 | PFEI      | 26.0      | 83.4      | 070 / 41  | 1005.5    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 / 1500 | V7HC8     | 27.5      | 90.4      | 020 / 40  | 1010.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 / 1700 | C6FM5     | 23.5      | 83.8      | 160 / 38  | 1006.5    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 / 1800 | KSYP      | 22.8      | 84.5      | 180 / 36  | 1003.1    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 / 1800 | VRWF2     | 23.0      | 84.3      | 180 / 38  | 1004.5    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 / 1800 | V7HC9     | 28.0      | 88.3      | 050 / 35  | 1011.2    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 / 2100 | WCBP      | 28.1      | 88.6      | 050 / 35  | 1009.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 21 / 2100 | V7HC9     | 28.1      | 88.1      | 050 / 35  | 1009.1    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 0300 | V7HC6     | 27.0      | 90.5      | 030 / 35  | 1007.5    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 0300 | V7HD2     | 28.0      | 86.8      | 070 / 39  | 1011.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 0600 | V7HC6     | 27.3      | 90.4      | 040 / 35  | 1006.1    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 0600 | V7HD2     | 28.0      | 86.9      | 090 / 40  | 1009.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 0600 | V7HC9     | 28.2      | 87.8      | 050 / 35  | 1009.1    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 0900 | V7HC6     | 27.6      | 90.3      | 040 / 35  | 1003.6    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 0900 | ZIYE7     | 27.7      | 85.7      | 080 / 37  | 1005.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 0900 | V7HD2     | 28.0      | 87.0      | 100 / 40  | 1008.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 0900 | V7HD3     | 28.3      | 87.9      | 110 / 44  | 1002.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 0900 | V7HC9     | 28.3      | 87.7      | 090 / 40  | 1007.8    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 1200 | ZIYE7     | 27.1      | 85.2      | 080 / 37  | 1007.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 1200 | V7HC9     | 28.3      | 87.7      | 030 / 47  | 1007.5    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 1500 | C6KJ5     | 23.2      | 86.5      | 180 / 35  | 1003.7    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 1500 | PDHU      | 27.7      | 90.8      | 050 / 41  | 1005.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 1500 | KRPB      | 28.0      | 85.3      | 120 / 35  | 1010.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 1700 | V7HD2     | 27.9      | 87.0      | 100 / 52  | 1009.5    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 1800 | C6KJ5     | 23.7      | 86.0      | 180 / 35  | 1004.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 1800 | WCBP      | 27.3      | 85.4      | 100 / 45  | 1008.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 / 1800 | V7HC6     | 28.0      | 89.7      | 060 / 39  | 1002.8    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 23 / 0200 | V7HD3     | 28.1      | 86.6      | 120 / 40  | 1004.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 23 / 0600 | WCBP      | 25.6      | 84.2      | 130 / 45  | 1009.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 23 / 1200 | C6KJ5     | 27.1      | 86.7      | 130 / 35  | 1007.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 23 / 1500 | V7HD2     | 27.7      | 86.4      | 130 / 37  | 1013.0    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 23 / 1800 | V7HC6     | 28.0      | 89.7      | 060 / 39  | 1002.8    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 24 / 1800 | C6KJ5     | 29.0      | 87.5      | 140 / 37  | 1012.2    |
+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+

Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERTable 3. Selected surface
observations for Hurricane Rita, 18-26 September 2005.

+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Location        | M   |     | M   |       |     | St  | St  | To  |
|                 | ini |     | axi |       |     | orm | orm | tal |
|                 | mum |     | mum |       |     | su  |     |     |
|                 | Sea |     | S   |       |     | rge | t   | r   |
|                 | Le  |     | urf |       |     |     | ide | ain |
|                 | vel |     | ace |       |     | (   |     |     |
|                 | Pr  |     |     |       |     | ft) | (   | (   |
|                 | ess |     | W   |       |     | ^c^ | ft) | in) |
|                 | ure |     | ind |       |     |     | ^d^ |     |
|                 |     |     | Sp  |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | eed |       |     |     |     |     |
+=================+=====+=====+=====+=======+=====+=====+=====+=====+
|                 | Da  | Pre | Da  | Sust  | G   |     |     |     |
|                 | te/ | ss. | te/ | ained | ust |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | t   | (   | t   | (k    | (   |     |     |     |
|                 | ime | mb) | ime | t)^b^ | kt) |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | (U  |     | (U  |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | TC) |     | TC) |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | ^a^ |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Florida**     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Official**    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Key West (KEYW) | 2   | 99  | 2   | 54    | 66  |     | e   | 2   |
|                 | 0/2 | 5.3 | 0/2 |       |     |     | 5.0 | .05 |
|                 | 032 |     | 314 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Marathon (KMTH) | 2   | 100 | 2   | 36    | 45  |     |     | 2   |
|                 | 0/1 | 1.9 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .58 |
|                 | 505 |     | 418 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Big Pine Key    |     |     | 2   | 30    | 44  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 820 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| West Kendall    | 2   | 100 | 2   | 32    | 40  |     |     | 3   |
| (KTMB)          | 0/1 | 8.6 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .29 |
|                 | 239 |     | 330 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Miami (KMIA)    | 2   | 100 | 2   | 26    | 43  |     |     |     |
|                 | 0/0 | 9.3 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 915 |     | 408 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Miami Beach     | 2   | 100 | 2   | 34    | 50  |     |     |     |
| (KMBF)          | 0/2 | 8.0 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 027 |     | 357 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Opa Locka       | 2   | 100 | 2   | 25    | 34  |     |     | 1   |
| (KOPF)          | 0/0 | 9.3 | 1/0 |       |     |     |     | .27 |
|                 | 853 |     | 244 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pembroke Pines  | 2   | 101 | 2   | 31    | 42  |     |     | 1   |
| (KHWO)          | 0/0 | 1.0 | 0/0 |       |     |     |     | .55 |
|                 | 934 |     | 813 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Lauderdale | 2   | 100 | 2   | 31    | 48  |     |     | 3   |
| (KFLL)          | 0/0 | 9.3 | 0/0 |       |     |     |     | .00 |
|                 | 853 |     | 808 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pompano Beach   | 2   | 101 | 2   | 25    | 47  |     |     | 0   |
| (KPMP)          | 0/0 | 0.6 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .72 |
|                 | 826 |     | 353 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Naples (KAPF)   | 2   | 100 | 2   | 33    | 39  |     |     | 1   |
|                 | 0/2 | 8.6 | 1/0 |       |     |     |     | .07 |
|                 | 011 |     | 031 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Naples Pier     |     |     |     |       |     | 1.5 | 2.0 |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| (NOS tide       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| gauge)          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Myers      | 2   | 100 | 2   | 32    | 38  |     |     | 0   |
| (KRSW)          | 0/2 | 9.3 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .76 |
|                 | 053 |     | 108 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Myers      | 2   | 100 | 2   | 28    | 35  |     |     | 0   |
| (KFMY)          | 0/2 | 9.8 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .91 |
|                 | 053 |     | 028 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Punta Gorda     | 2   | 101 | 2   | 31    | 36  |     |     | 1   |
| (KPGD)          | 0/2 | 1.5 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .20 |
|                 | 053 |     | 156 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Tenraw^e^       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .13 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Chekika         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
| Everglades^e^   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .80 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Oasis Ranger    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
| Station^e^      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .03 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Unofficial**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Key West        |     |     | 2   |       | 56  |     | e   |     |
|                 |     |     | 0/2 |       |     |     | 4.5 |     |
| Southernmost    |     |     | 115 |       |     |     |     |     |
| Point           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cudjoe Key      |     |     | 2   |       | 56  |     | e   |     |
|                 |     |     | 0/1 |       |     |     | 3.0 |     |
|                 |     |     | 542 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Tavernier       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .88 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Key Largo       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .26 |
| (Pennekamp      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| State Park)     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Middle and      |     |     |     |       |     |     | e   |     |
| Upper Keys      |     |     |     |       |     |     | 3-4 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| North Key Largo |     |     |     |       |     |     | e   |     |
| and Jewfish     |     |     |     |       |     |     | 2.0 |     |
| Creek           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Perrine         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .28 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Homestead       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
| General Airport |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .00 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Lauderdale |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
| Dixie Water     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .96 |
| Plant           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Everglades City |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .87 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Marco Island    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .71 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Chokoloskee     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .37 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Plantation      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .17 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Cuba**        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cayo Coco       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .37 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Caibarien       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .93 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Varadero        | 2   | 99  | 2   | 38    | 50  |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 0/1 | 7.5 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     | .04 |
|                 | 620 |     | 740 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Indio Hatuey    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .61 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Colon           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .81 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Casa Blanca     | 2   | 100 | 20/ | 46    | 52  |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 0/2 | 0.0 | N/A |       |     |     |     | .39 |
|                 | 200 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Santiago de las |     |     | 20/ | 32    | 43  |     |     | 4   |
| Vegas           |     |     | N/A |       |     |     |     | .67 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bahia Honda     | 2   | 100 | 2   | 32    | 40  |     |     | 2   |
|                 | 1/0 | 2.8 | 1/0 |       |     |     |     | .42 |
|                 | 000 |     | 120 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| La Palma        | 2   | 100 | 2   | 35    | 43  |     |     | 1   |
|                 | 1/0 | 3.9 | 1/0 |       |     |     |     | .97 |
|                 | 900 |     | 820 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cabo de San     | 2   | 100 | 2   | 39    | 49  |     |     | 0   |
| Antonio         | 1/1 | 4.2 | 1/1 |       |     |     |     | .31 |
|                 | 200 |     | 058 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Mississippi** |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Official**    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Biloxi (KBIX)   | 2   | 100 | 2   | 25    | 45  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/1 | 6.8 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 924 |     | 946 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Gulfport (KGPT) |     |     | 2   | 38    | 45  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 952 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Greenville      |     |     |     | 31    | 41  |     |     | 6   |
| (KGLH)          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .81 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Greenwood       |     |     |     | 26\*  | 4   |     |     | 3.3 |
| (KGWO)          |     |     |     |       | 1\* |     |     | 9\* |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Columbus (KGTR) |     |     |     | 23    | 34  |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .64 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Tal             |     |     |     | 29\*  | 4   |     |     | 2.1 |
| ullah-Vicksburg |     |     |     |       | 2\* |     |     | 6\* |
| (KTVR)          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jackson-        |     |     |     | 26    | 38  |     |     | 2   |
| Hawkins (KHKS)  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .66 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Meridian Key    |     |     |     | 23    | 36  |     |     | 2   |
| (KMEI)          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .38 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Meridian NAS    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .34 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Natchez (KHEZ)  |     |     |     | 26\*  | 4   |     |     | 5.5 |
|                 |     |     |     |       | 0\* |     |     | 6\* |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Unofficial**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Newton          |     |     |     |       | 38  |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .11 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| B               |     |     |     |       | 35  |     |     | 4   |
| ude-Franklin^e^ |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .07 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Tombigbee       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
| National        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .52 |
| Forrest         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| (Choctaw        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| County) ^e^     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Delta Road      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
| (Sharkey        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .94 |
| County) ^e^     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Warren          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| County^e^       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .83 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lauderdale      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| County^e^       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .16 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Holmes          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
| County^e^       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .12 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Highway         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
| 43-Madison      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
| County^e^       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Louisiana**   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Official**    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Slidell (KASD)  | 2   | 100 | 2   | 30    | 38  |     |     | 0   |
|                 | 3/2 | 5.1 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .64 |
|                 | 141 |     | 838 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| New Orleans     | 2   | 100 | 2   | 30    | 42  |     |     | 2   |
| (KMSY)          | 3/2 | 2.4 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .07 |
|                 | 153 |     | 840 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Belle Chase     | 2   | 100 | 2   |       | 37  |     |     |     |
| (KNBG)          | 3/2 | 3.7 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 355 |     | 915 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baton Rouge     | 2   | 99  | 2   | 36    | 46  |     |     | 9   |
| (KBTR)          | 4/0 | 7.6 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .30 |
|                 | 558 |     | 643 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake            |     |     |     |       |     | 6.5 |     |     |
| Pontchartrain   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Mid Lake        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rigoletes       |     |     |     |       |     | 4   |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .48 |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Barataria Bay   |     |     |     |       |     | 7   |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .34 |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bayou Barataria |     |     |     |       |     | 5   |     |     |
| Lafitte         |     |     |     |       |     | .80 |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bayou Grand     |     |     |     |       |     | 7   |     |     |
| Caillou         |     |     |     |       |     | .10 |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Caillou Lake    |     |     |     |       |     | 6.9 |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | 5\* |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| GIWW at Houma   |     |     |     |       |     | 4   |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     | .32 |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Point Fourchon  |     |     |     |       |     |     | 5   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     | .00 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fullerton       | 2   | 99  | 2   | 26    | 40  |     |     | 6   |
| (KBKB)          | 4/1 | 2.2 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .14 |
|                 | 219 |     | 819 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Allen Parish    | 2   | 9   | 2   | 22\*  | 4   |     |     |     |
| Airport (KL42)  | 4/0 | 98. | 4/0 |       | 2\* |     |     |     |
|                 | 320 | 3\* | 020 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beauregard      | 2   | 9   | 2   | 31\*  | 5   |     |     |     |
| Regional (KDRI) | 4/1 | 80. | 4/0 |       | 4\* |     |     |     |
|                 | 101 | 4\* | 821 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Alexandria      | 2   | 99  | 2   | 43    | 54  |     |     |     |
| (KAEX)          | 4/1 | 1.5 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 404 |     | 543 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Alexandria      | 2   | 99  | 2   | 31    | 40  |     |     | 4   |
| Esler Regional  | 4/1 | 4.6 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .06 |
| (KESF)          | 425 |     | 410 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jasper County   | 2   | 9   | 2   | 24\*  | 3   |     |     |     |
| Bell Field      | 4/0 | 96. | 4/0 |       | 7\* |     |     |     |
|                 | 525 | 6\* | 205 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (KJAS)          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fort Polk AAF   | 2   | 98  | 2   | 32    | 51  |     |     | 6   |
| (KPOE)          | 4/1 | 3.8 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .14 |
|                 | 200 |     | 400 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Charles    | 2   | 96  | 2   | 50\*  | 6   |     |     | 7   |
| (KLCH)          | 4/0 | 8.2 | 4/0 |       | 4\* |     |     | .68 |
|                 | 806 |     | 208 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Charles    |     |     | 2   |       | 83  |     |     |     |
| (NWS)           |     |     | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 820 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lafayette       | 2   | 99  | 2   | 44    | 51  |     |     | 6   |
| (KLFT)          | 4/0 | 2.2 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .24 |
|                 | 817 |     | 321 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Orange County   | 2   | 9   | 2   | 31\*  | 4   |     |     |     |
| Airport         | 4/0 | 83. | 4/0 |       | 7\* |     |     |     |
|                 | 428 | 4\* | 428 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (KORG)          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Acadiana (KARA) | 2   | 99  | 2   | 34    | 51  |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/0 | 2.9 | 4/2 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 801 |     | 311 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Salt Point      | 2   | 9   | 2   | 19\*  | 3   |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/2 | 93. | 3/2 |       | 8\* |     |     |     |
|                 | 153 | 0\* | 153 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Alexandria Dean | 2   | 99  | 2   | 40    | 54  |     |     | 6   |
| Lee Research    | 4/1 | 1.8 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .79 |
| Station (ALDL1) | 017 |     | 605 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Crowley Rice    |     |     | 2   | 47\*  | 6   |     |     | 8   |
| Research        |     |     | 4/1 |       | 4\* |     |     | .33 |
| Station (CRRL1) |     |     | 805 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jeanerette      |     |     | 2   | 24\*  | 3   |     |     |     |
| Iberia Research |     |     | 3/2 |       | 7\* |     |     |     |
| Station (JNRL1) |     |     | 153 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Charles    | 2   | 96  | 2   | 66    | 83  |     |     | 8   |
| Calcasieu       | 4/0 | 5.5 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .77 |
| Parish Ag.      | 717 |     | 745 |       |     |     |     |     |
| Center (LCPL1)  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rd. Research    | 2   | 99  | 2   | 40    | 61  |     |     | 7   |
| Farm Port Barre | 4/0 | 2.5 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .80 |
| (RDRL1)         | 918 |     | 245 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rosepine        | 2   | 97  | 2   | 41    | 59  |     |     |     |
| Research        | 4/0 | 8.9 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
| Station (RPRL1) | 942 |     | 819 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baton Rouge     | 2   | 99  | 2   | 35    | 50  |     |     | 7   |
| (Ben Hur)       | 4/1 | 6.1 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .47 |
|                 | 116 |     | 220 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baton Rouge     | 2   | 99  | 2   | 22    | 34  |     |     | 9   |
| (Burden)        | 4/0 | 8.3 | 3/2 |       |     |     |     | .10 |
|                 | 420 |     | 053 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Franklinton     | 2   | 99  | 2   | 29    | 41  |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/1 | 8.2 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 010 |     | 323 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houma           | 2   | 99  | 2   | 38    | 50  |     |     | 2   |
|                 | 4/0 | 6.7 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .62 |
|                 | 231 |     | 232 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hammond         | 2   | 100 | 2   | 29    | 39  |     |     | 1   |
|                 | 4/1 | 2.7 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .85 |
|                 | 020 |     | 654 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Livingston      | 2   | 99  | 2   | 25    | 35  |     |     | 6   |
|                 | 4/0 | 9.6 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .50 |
|                 | 649 |     | 635 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| St. Gabriel     | 2   | 99  | 2   | 35    | 50  |     |     | 5   |
|                 | 4/0 | 6.4 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .00 |
|                 | 303 |     | 211 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cameron^e^      |     |     | 2   | 63\*  | 9   |     |     | 8   |
| (CLCL1)         |     |     | 4/0 |       | 4\* |     |     | .13 |
|                 |     |     | 620 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Dove Field^e^   |     |     | 2   | 23    | 46  |     |     | 7   |
| (VRNL1)         |     |     | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .51 |
|                 |     |     | 900 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Evange          |     |     | 2   | 23    | 42  |     |     | 7   |
| line/Gardner^e^ |     |     | 4/2 |       |     |     |     | .93 |
| (GARL1)         |     |     | 100 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lacassine^e^    |     |     | 2   | 38\*  | 6   |     |     |     |
| (LACL1)         |     |     | 4/0 |       | 2\* |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 245 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Vernon^e^       |     |     | 2   | 22    | 43  |     |     | 7   |
| (LEVL1)         |     |     | 4/1 |       |     |     |     | .96 |
|                 |     |     | 000 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Western St.     |     |     |     |       |     | 11  |     |     |
| Mary Parish     |     |     |     |       |     | .95 |     |     |
| near Louisa     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Central         |     |     |     |       |     | 6   |     |     |
| Plaquemines     |     |     |     |       |     | .29 |     |     |
| Parish          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| North-central   |     |     |     |       |     | 8   |     |     |
| Cameron Parish  |     |     |     |       |     | .11 |     |     |
| just east of    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Calcasieu Lake  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Unofficial**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Johnsons Bayou  | 2   | 93  | 2   | 61    | 79  |     |     |     |
| (ULM)           | 4/0 | 9.1 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 739 |     | 724 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Charles    | 2   | 96  |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Port            | 4/0 | 7.8 |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 900 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| (Ship Atlantic  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Forest)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cameron         | 2   | 950 |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/0 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 500 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| St.             |     |     |     |       | 37  |     |     | 6   |
| Joseph-Tensas   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .90 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Win             |     |     |     |       | 43  |     |     | 5   |
| nsboro-Franklin |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .15 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hebert's Marina |     |     |     |       | 116 |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Grand Lake      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Iberia Parish   |     |     |     |       | 52  |     |     |     |
| OEP             |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bayou Sorrel    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| Lock            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .21 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Convent         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .60 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Donaldsonville  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .63 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lutcher         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .48 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| N.O Audubon     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
| Park            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .29 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Reserve         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .66 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baton Rouge     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| Concord         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .91 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baton Rouge     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
| Sherwood        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .80 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bayou Manchac   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 10  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .11 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bogalusa        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .61 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Brusly          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .91 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Franklinton     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .02 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Greenwell       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
| Springs         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .56 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Livingston      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .94 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Oaknolia        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .24 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Plaquemine      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .31 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pontchatoula    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .65 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Laplace (5 NE)  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .42 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baton Rouge     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| (Joor Road)     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .35 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Holden          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .02 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Baptist         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .78 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Charles    |     |     |     |       | 100 |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Grand Lake      |     |     |     |       | 116 |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Abbeville       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .39 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaver Fire     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| Tower           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .25 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Alexandria      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .68 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Alexandria      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| Power Plant     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .60 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Boyce 7SW       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .40 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Boyce 3WNW      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .30 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bunkie          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 16  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .00 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Butte La Rose   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .99 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Carencro        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .05 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Crowley 2SW     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .32 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Deridder        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 14  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .00 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Eunice          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .72 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Franklin        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .25 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Grand Coteau    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .65 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Elmer (2 SW)    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .68 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jeanerette 5NW  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .21 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Leesville       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .90 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lafayatte       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .60 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Marksville      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .37 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Moss Bluff      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .64 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Oakdale         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .00 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Opelousas       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .85 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Red River Lock  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| 2               |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .10 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| St Martinville  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| 3 SW            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .13 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sulphur         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .49 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jennings        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .75 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lafayette       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .60 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| LSU Dean Lee    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| Alexandria      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .98 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Old Town Bay    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .40 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Ragley          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sam Houston     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
| Jones           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .92 |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| State Park      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| St. Martinville |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .13 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Texas**       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Official**    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont (KBPT) | 2   | 95  | 2   | 70    | 91  |     |     | 8   |
|                 | 4/0 | 2.3 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .89 |
|                 | 809 |     | 833 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston (KIAH)  | 2   | 98  | 2   | 39    | 53  |     |     | 0   |
|                 | 4/1 | 8.1 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .87 |
|                 | 047 |     | 630 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Houston Hobby   | 2   | 98  | 2   | 38    | 48  |     |     | 1   |
| Airport (KHOU)  | 4/0 | 8.8 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .02 |
|                 | 827 |     | 625 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galveston       | 2   | 9   | 2   | 39\*  | 5   |     |     |     |
| (KGLS)          | 4/0 | 94. | 4/0 |       | 4\* |     |     |     |
|                 | 142 | 6\* | 142 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Angleton (KLBX) | 2   | 99  | 2   | 28    | 38  |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/0 | 2.9 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 949 |     | 434 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Pearland (KLVJ) | 2   | 99  | 2   | 33    | 41  |     |     | 0   |
|                 | 4/0 | 1.9 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .28 |
|                 | 459 |     | 417 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sugarland       | 2   | 99  | 2   | 33    | 44  |     |     | 0   |
| (KSGR)          | 4/0 | 3.2 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     | .44 |
|                 | 934 |     | 750 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Tomball (KDWH)  | 2   | 99  | 2   | 27    | 38  |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/0 | 0.9 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 938 |     | 145 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Conroe (KCXO)   | 2   | 99  | 2   | 33    | 48  |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/1 | 0.9 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 540 |     | 619 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| College Station | 2   | 99  | 2   | 31    | 41  |     |     |     |
| (KCLL)          | 4/1 | 7.3 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 420 |     | 914 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Huntsville      | 2   | 99  | 2   | 30    | 41  |     |     |     |
| (KUTS)          | 4/1 | 1.5 | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 420 |     | 644 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rollover Pass   |     |     |     |       |     |     | 4   |     |
| (NOS)           |     |     |     |       |     |     | .58 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| South Jetty     |     |     |     |       |     |     | 2   |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     | .98 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rainbow Bridge  |     |     |     |       |     |     | 7   |     |
| (TCOON)         |     |     |     |       |     |     | .93 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Clear           |     |     |     |       |     |     | 3   |     |
| Creek/Seabrook  |     |     |     |       |     |     | .23 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| East Matagorda  |     |     |     |       |     |     | 4   |     |
| Bay             |     |     |     |       |     |     | .53 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Battleship      |     |     |     |       |     |     | 3   |     |
| Texas St. Park  |     |     |     |       |     |     | .21 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Manchester      |     |     |     |       |     |     | 3   |     |
| Houston         |     |     |     |       |     |     | .38 |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| McFadden^e^     |     |     | 2   | 36\*  | 5   |     |     |     |
| (FADT2)         |     |     | 4/0 |       | 9\* |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 240 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Southern        |     |     | 2   | 21\*  | 4   |     |     | 9   |
| Rough^e^        |     |     | 4/0 |       | 5\* |     |     | .45 |
| (WRRT2)         |     |     | 940 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Woodville^e^    |     |     | 2   | 43\*  | 6   |     |     | 9   |
| (WVLT2)         |     |     | 4/1 |       | 6\* |     |     | .25 |
|                 |     |     | 200 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Kirbyville^e^   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
| (KRBT2)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .13 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Unofficial**  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Arthur     | 2   | 94  | 2   | 82    | 101 |     |     |     |
| (FCMP)          | 4/0 | 9.7 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 824 |     | 826 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Nederland       | 2   | 94  | 2   | 57    | 80  |     |     |     |
| (FCMP)          | 4/0 | 2.3 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 830 |     | 809 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Orange (FCMP)   | 2   | 94  | 2   | 65    | 85  |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/0 | 1.0 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 845 |     | 819 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Arthur     |     |     |     | 81    | 101 |     |     |     |
| (TTU)           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Orange (TTU)    |     |     | 2   | 57\*  | 7   |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 4/0 |       | 7\* |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 815 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galveston       |     |     | 2   | 40    | 52  |     |     |     |
| Causeway        |     |     | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 608 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hartman Bridge  |     |     | 2   | 41    | 57  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 718 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Rollover Pass   |     |     | 2   | 50    |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 601 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Highway 146     |     |     | 2   | 38    |     |     |     |     |
| East Kemah      |     |     | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 031 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| San Jacinto (E  |     |     | 2   | 43    | 52  |     |     |     |
| I-10)           |     |     | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 641 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Hardy Toll Road |     |     | 2   | 34    | 50  |     |     |     |
| (E I-10)        |     |     | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 730 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Loop 610 E Ship |     |     | 2   | 39    | 56  |     |     |     |
| Channel         |     |     | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 000 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Conroe     |     |     | 2   |       | 49  |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 130 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Livingston |     |     | 2   | 54\*  | 102 |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 200 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Highway 290- E  |     |     | 2   |       | 42  |     |     |     |
| Highway 6       |     |     | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 203 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jamaica Beach   | 2   | 98  |     |       |     |     |     | 1   |
|                 | 4/0 | 5.7 |     |       |     |     |     | .33 |
|                 | 700 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| E. Beaumont     |     |     |     |       | 83  |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont Docks  | 2   | 94  |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/0 | 8.9 |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| (Ship Cape      | 930 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Vincent)        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Beaumont        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 6   |
| Research Center |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .58 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Jasper          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 7   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .66 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| New Caney       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .33 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Anahuac         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .12 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cleveland       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .77 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Weches          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .49 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Crockett (8 S)  |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .00 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Luce Bayou      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .98 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Gum Gully       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
| Diamond Head    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .91 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cedar Bayou     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .70 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Goose Creek     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
| (Baker Road)    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .44 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Goose Creek (SH |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
| 146)            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .13 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Peach Creek     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 5   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .04 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Trinity River   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| (US 90)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .57 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Old Danville    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
| Road            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .60 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Caney Creek     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .27 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Midway          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .84 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| White Rock      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .07 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Friday          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .78 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Chita           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .94 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Wyser Bluff     |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .13 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Woodlake        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .33 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Onalaska        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .72 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Harmon Creek    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .40 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Point           |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
| Blank/Waterwood |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .19 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Cold Spring/    |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 3   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .51 |
| Wolf Creek Park |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Long King       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
| Creek/          |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .44 |
| Livingston      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Lake Livingston |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 2   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .79 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Kountze         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 8   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .90 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Orange 9N       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .00 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Silsbee 4N      |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 12  |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Wildwood        |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 4   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .67 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Woodville       |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | 9   |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     | .50 |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| **Bu            |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| oys/C-MAN/NOS** |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Settlement      |     |     | 2   | 31    | 40  |     |     |     |
| Point (SPGF1)   |     |     | 0/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 210 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (26.7ºN 79.0ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Fowey Rocks     | 2   | 100 | 2   | 48    | 56  |     |     |     |
| (FWYF1)         | 0/0 | 7.8 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 900 |     | 600 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (25.6ºN 80.1ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Virginia Key    | 2   | 100 | 2   | 29    | 44  | 1.2 | 2.5 |     |
| NOS (VAKF1)     | 0/0 | 8.7 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 900 |     | 400 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (25.7ºN 80.2ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Vaca Key NOS    | 2   | 100 | 2   | 33    | 47  |     | 1.5 |     |
| (VCAF1)         | 0/1 | 1.6 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 500 |     | 600 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (24.7ºN 81.1ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sombrero        | 2   | 100 | 2   | 61    | 69  |     |     |     |
| (SMKF1)         | 0/1 | 1.0 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 600 |     | 700 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (24.6ºN 81.1ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Long Key        | 2   | 100 | 2   | 39    | 52  |     | 1.9 |     |
| (LONF1)         | 0/1 | 3.3 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 200 |     | 530 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (24.8ºN 80.9ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Molasses Reef   | 2   | 100 | 2   | 36    | 45  |     |     |     |
| (MLRF1)         | 0/1 | 3.4 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 200 |     | 418 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (25.0ºN 80.4ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Dry Tortugas    | 2   | 9   | 2   | 57\*  | 7   |     |     |     |
| (DRYF1)         | 1/0 | 94. | 1/0 |       | 6\* |     |     |     |
|                 | 100 | 0\* | 120 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (24.6ºN 82.9ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sand Key        | 2   | 9   | 2   | 63\*  | 8   |     |     |     |
| (SANF1)         | 0/2 | 88. | 0/2 |       | 0\* |     |     |     |
|                 | 100 | 5\* | 110 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (24.5ºN 81.9ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Key West NOS    | 2   | 99  | 2   |       | 42  |     | 2.5 |     |
| (KYWF1)         | 0/2 | 5.8 | 0/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 100 |     | 600 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (24.6ºN 81.8ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Buoy 42001      | 2   | 92  | 2   | 88    | 119 |     |     |     |
|                 | 2/2 | 5.7 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (25.8ºN 89.7ºW) | 250 |     | 030 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Buoy 42002      | 2   | 100 | 2   | 30    | 37  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/2 | 1.3 | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (25.2ºN 94.4ºW) | 050 |     | 730 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Buoy 42046      | 2   | 9   | 2   | 31\*  | 4   |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/1 | 97. | 3/1 |       | 5\* |     |     |     |
| (27.9ºN 94.0ºW) | 330 | 9\* | 500 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Dauphin Island  |     |     | 2   | 34    | 47  |     |     |     |
| (DPIA1)         |     |     | 4/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     | 000 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (30.3ºN 88.1ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Buoy 42040      | 2   | 100 | 2   | 33    | 43  |     |     |     |
|                 | 3/0 | 4.5 | 3/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (29.2ºN 88.2ºW) | 850 |     | 130 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bayou LaBranch  | 2   | 100 |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| NOS (LABL1)     | 3/2 | 2.9 |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 200 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| (30.1ºN 90.4ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Bayou Gauche    | 2   | 100 |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| NOS (BYGL1)     | 4/0 | 1.6 |     |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 | 624 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| (29.8ºN 90.4ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Isle            |     |     | 2   | 50    | 62  |     |     |     |
| Dernieres^f^    |     |     | 3/1 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (ILDL1)         |     |     | 300 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| (29.1ºN 90.5ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Mid-Lake        |     |     |     |       |     |     | 6.5 |     |
| Pontchartrain   |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| South Timbalier | 2   | 99  |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| Block^f^        | 3/1 | 5.5 |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| (SPLL1) (28.9ºN | 700 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| 90.5ºW)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Salt Point^f^   | 2   | 99  | 2   | 46\*  | 6   |     |     |     |
| (SLPL1)         | 3/2 | 0.2 | 3/2 |       | 3\* |     |     |     |
|                 | 300 |     | 300 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (29.5ºN 91.6ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Marsh Island^f^ | 2   | 98  | 2   | 62\*  | 8   |     |     |     |
| (MRSL1)         | 4/0 | 3.6 | 4/0 |       | 1\* |     |     |     |
|                 | 400 |     | 000 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (29.4ºN 92.1ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Calcasieu Pass  | 2   | 9   | 2   | 67\*  | 9   |     | 5.5 |     |
| NOS (CAPL1)     | 4/0 | 83. | 4/0 |       | 7\* |     | 0\* |     |
|                 | 112 | 0\* | 518 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (29.8ºN 93.3ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sabine Pass     | 2   | 9   | 2   | 55\*  | 7   |     | 8.1 |     |
| North NOS       | 4/0 | 67. | 4/0 |       | 0\* |     | 2\* |     |
| (SBPT2) (29.7ºN | 542 | 8\* | 500 |       |     |     |     |     |
| 93.9ºW)         |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Sabine Pass     | 2   | 95  | 2   | 71    | 86  |     | 6.3 |     |
| (SRST2)         | 4/0 | 1.3 | 4/0 |       |     |     | 7\* |     |
|                 | 800 |     | 700 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (29.7ºN 94.1ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Buoy 42035      | 2   | 97  | 2   | 54    | 66  |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/0 | 2.3 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (29.3ºN 94.4ºW) | 650 |     | 450 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Port Arthur     |     |     | 2   | 61    | 82  |     | 9   |     |
| (TCOON)         |     |     | 4/0 |       |     |     | .24 |     |
|                 |     |     | 800 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galveston       | 2   | 98  | 2   | 41    | 57  |     | 4   |     |
| Pleasure Pier   | 4/0 | 3.5 | 4/0 |       |     |     | .69 |     |
| NOS (GPST2)     | 700 |     | 600 |       |     |     |     |     |
|                 |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
| (29.3ºN 94.8ºW) |     |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galveston Bay   | 2   | 97  | 2   | 51    | 64  |     | 3   |     |
| Entrance North  | 4/0 | 9.9 | 4/0 |       |     |     | .98 |     |
| Jetty NOS/TCOON | 800 |     | 300 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Galveston Pier  | 2   | 98  |     |       |     |     | 3   |     |
| 21 NOS (GTOT2)  | 4/0 | 4.7 |     |       |     |     | .59 |     |
| (29.3ºN 94.8ºW) | 818 |     |     |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Eagle Point NOS | 2   | 98  | 2   | 34    | 48  |     | 3   |     |
| (EPTT2) (29.5ºN | 4/0 | 4.3 | 4/0 |       |     |     | .67 |     |
| 94.9ºW)         | 800 |     | 224 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Morgans Point   | 2   | 98  | 2   | 43    | 64  |     | 3   |     |
| NOS (MGPT2)     | 4/0 | 2.9 | 4/0 |       |     |     | .04 |     |
| (29.7ºN 95.0ºW) | 942 |     | 836 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| Buoy 42019      | 2   | 99  | 2   | 34    | 49  |     |     |     |
|                 | 4/0 | 5.9 | 4/0 |       |     |     |     |     |
| (27.9ºN 95.4ºW) | 050 |     | 110 |       |     |     |     |     |
+-----------------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-----+-----+-----+-----+

^a^ Date/time is for sustained wind when both sustained and gust are
listed.

^b^ Except as noted, sustained wind averaging periods for C-MAN and
land-based ASOS reports are 2 min; buoy averaging periods are 8 min; NOS
station averaging periods are 6 min.

^c^ Storm surge is water height above normal astronomical tide level.

^d^ Storm tide is water height above National Geodetic Vertical Datum
(1929 mean sea level).

^e^ Remote Automated Weather Station (RAWS)

^f^ Louisiana State University (LSU) Coastal Studies Institute Station

\* Incomplete data

Number range CHAPTERTable 4. Preliminary forecast evaluation
(heterogeneous sample) for Hurricane Rita, 18-26 September 2005.
Forecast errors (n mi) are followed by the number of forecasts in
parentheses. Errors smaller than the NHC official forecast are shown in
bold-face type. Verification includes the depression stage. Models not
available at the time the official forecasts were made are indicated by
(\*).

+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| Number    | For   |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| range     | ecast |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| CHAPTE    | P     |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| RForecast | eriod |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| Technique | (h)   |       |       |       |       |       |       |
+===========+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+=======+
|           | 12    | 24    | 36    | 48    | 72    | 96    | 120   |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| CLP5      | 36    | 79    | 138   | 194   | 288   | 446   | 655   |
|           | (29)  | (29)  | (27)  | (25)  | (21)  | (17)  | (13)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFNI      | 37    | 78    | 108   | 149   | 223   | 385   | 582   |
|           | (26)  | (26)  | (24)  | (22)  | (18)  | (14)  | (10)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFDI      | 29    | 55    | 78    | 95    | **118 | **163 | **176 |
|           | (28)  | (28)  | (27)  | (25)  | (     | (     | (     |
|           |       |       |       |       | 21)** | 17)** | 13)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFDL\*    | **24  | **45  | **63  | **91  | **119 | 166   | 204   |
|           | (     | (     | (     | (     | (     | (17)  | (13)  |
|           | 26)** | 26)** | 26)** | 25)** | 21)** |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFDN\*    | 37    | 72    | 110   | 147   | 216   | 356   | 536   |
|           | (26)  | (26)  | (25)  | (23)  | (19)  | (15)  | (11)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFSI      | **24  | **41  | **64  | **90  | 133   | 182   | **190 |
|           | (     | (     | (     | (     | (19)  | (15)  | (     |
|           | 27)** | 27)** | 25)** | 23)** |       |       | 11)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GFSO\*    | **23  | **38  | **55  | **78  | **118 | 172   | 199   |
|           | (     | (     | (     | (     | (     | (16)  | (12)  |
|           | 29)** | 28)** | 26)** | 24)** | 20)** |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| AEMI      | **23  | **46  | **70  | 102   | 146   | 178   | **189 |
|           | (     | (     | (     | (23)  | (19)  | (15)  | (     |
|           | 27)** | 27)** | 25)** |       |       |       | 11)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| NGPI      | 29    | 56    | 87    | 119   | 170   | 271   | 445   |
|           | (26)  | (26)  | (24)  | (22)  | (18)  | (14)  | (10)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| NGPS\*    | 34    | 57    | 85    | 119   | 167   | 263   | 406   |
|           | (28)  | (27)  | (25)  | (23)  | (19)  | (14)  | (11)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| UKMI      | 32    | 58    | 84    | 115   | 191   | 277   | 316   |
|           | (28)  | (28)  | (26)  | (24)  | (20)  | (16)  | (12)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| UKM\*     | 31    | **49  | **71  | 100   | 170   | 249 ( | 311 ( |
|           | (15)  | (     | (     | (13)  | (11)  | 9)    | 7)    |
|           |       | 15)** | 14)** |       |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| A98E      | 34    | 63    | 82    | 100   | 151   | 179   | 244   |
|           | (29)  | (29)  | (27)  | (25)  | (21)  | (17)  | (13)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| A9UK      | 36    | 64    | 94    | 121   | 151   |       |       |
|           | (15)  | (15)  | (14)  | (13)  | (11)  |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| BAMD      | **23  | **40  | **57  | **74  | 134   | 182   | **176 |
|           | (     | (     | (     | (     | (21)  | (17)  | (     |
|           | 29)** | 29)** | 27)** | 25)** |       |       | 13)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| BAMM      | 33    | 67    | 96    | 118   | 186   | 219   | **193 |
|           | (28)  | (28)  | (26)  | (24)  | (21)  | (17)  | (     |
|           |       |       |       |       |       |       | 13)** |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| BAMS      | 40    | 78    | 112   | 148   | 221   | 248   | 256   |
|           | (27)  | (27)  | (25)  | (24)  | (21)  | (17)  | (13)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| CONU      | 27    | **52  | **75  | 102   | 150   | 229   | 271   |
|           | (28)  | (     | (     | (24)  | (20)  | (16)  | (12)  |
|           |       | 28)** | 26)** |       |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| GUNA      | **24  | **45  | **70  | 96    | 138   | 192   | 206   |
|           | (     | (     | (     | (22)  | (18)  | (14)  | (10)  |
|           | 25)** | 25)** | 24)** |       |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| FSSE      | **24  | **48  | **70  | 100   | 150   | 208   | 209   |
|           | (     | (     | (     | (22)  | (18)  | (14)  | (10)  |
|           | 25)** | 25)** | 23)** |       |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| OFCL      | 27    | 54    | 76    | 93    | 120   | 164   | 197   |
|           | (29)  | (29)  | (27)  | (25)  | (21)  | (17)  | (13)  |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
| NHC       | 42    | 75    | 107   | 138   | 202   | 236   | 310   |
| Official  |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
|           | \(3   | \(3   | \(2   | \(2   | \(2   | \(    | \(    |
| (         | 400\) | 116\) | 848\) | 575\) | 117\) | 649\) | 535\) |
| 1995-2004 |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
| mean)^1^  |       |       |       |       |       |       |       |
+-----------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+

^1^ Errors given for the 96 and 120 h periods are averages over the
four-year period 2001-04.

Number range CHAPTERNumber range CHAPTERTable 5. Watch and warning
summary for Hurricane Rita, 18-26 September 2005.

+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| Date/Time (UTC)       | Action                | Location              |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 18 / 0300             | Tropical Storm        | Southeast and Central |
|                       | Warning issued        | Bahamas including the |
|                       |                       | Turks and Caicos      |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 18 / 0300             | Hurricane Watch       | Northwest Bahamas     |
|                       | issued                |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 18 / 1500             | Hurricane Watch       | Ocean Reef to Dry     |
|                       | issued                | Tortugas including    |
|                       |                       | Florida Bay           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 18 / 2100             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Deerfield Beach to    |
|                       | issued                |                       |
|                       |                       | East Cape Sable       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 18 / 2100             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Ciego de Avila to     |
|                       | issued                | Cienfuegos            |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 18 / 2100             | Hurricane Watch       | Villa Clara to Pinar  |
|                       | issued                | del Rio               |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 0300             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Deerfield Beach to    |
|                       | changed to Tropical   |                       |
|                       | Storm                 | East Cape Sable       |
|                       | Warning/Hurricane     |                       |
|                       | Watch                 |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 0300             | Hurricane Watch       | Ocean Reef to Dry     |
|                       | changed to Hurricane  | Tortugas              |
|                       | Warning               |                       |
|                       |                       | including Florida Bay |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 0300             | Tropical Storm Watch  | East Cape Sable to    |
|                       | issued                | Chokoloskee           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 0600             | Hurricane Watch       | Northwest Bahamas     |
|                       | upgraded to Hurricane | excluding Grand       |
|                       | Warning               | Bahama and the Abacos |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 0600             | Hurricane Watch       | Grand Bahama and the  |
|                       | changed to Tropical   | Abacos                |
|                       | Storm Warning         |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19/1200               | Hurricane Warning     | Exumas and Andros     |
|                       | issued                | Island                |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19/1500               | Tropical Storm        | Golden Beach to       |
|                       | Warning/Hurricane     |                       |
|                       | Watch changed to      | East Cape Sable       |
|                       | Hurricane Warning     |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19/1500               | Hurricane Warning     | Villa Clara to        |
|                       | upgraded to Hurricane | Matanzas              |
|                       | Warning               |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 1500             | Hurricane Watch       | Ciudad de Habana to   |
|                       | modified to           | Pinar del Rio         |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19/1500               | Tropical Storm        | Jupiter Inlet to      |
|                       | Warning issued        | Deerfield Beach       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 1500             | Hurricane Watch       | Deerfield Beach to    |
|                       | modified to           | Golden Beach          |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 1500             | Tropical Storm Watch  | East Cape Sable to    |
|                       | changed to Hurricane  | Chokoloskee           |
|                       | Watch                 |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 1500             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Chokoloskee to        |
|                       | issued                | Englewood             |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 1800             | Tropical Storm        | Turks and Caicos      |
|                       | Warning discontinued  |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 2100             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Ciego de Avila to     |
|                       | discontinued          | Cienfuegos            |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 2100             | Tropical Storm        | Lake Okeechobee       |
|                       | Warning issued        |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 2100             | Tropical Storm        | Ciego de Avila to     |
|                       | Warning issued        | Pinar del Rio         |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 2100             | Hurricane Watch       | Ciudad de Habana to   |
|                       | discontinued          | Pinar del Rio         |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 19 / 2100             | Hurricane Warning     | Villa Clara to La     |
|                       | modified to           | Habana                |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 0000             | Tropical Storm        | Southeast Bahamas     |
|                       | Warning discontinued  |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 0300             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Chokoloskee to        |
|                       | changed to Tropical   | Englewood             |
|                       | Storm Warning         |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 0300             | Hurricane Watch       | East Cape Sable to    |
|                       | discontinued          | Chokoloskee           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 0300             | Hurricane Warning     | Golden Beach to       |
|                       | modified to           | Chokoloskee           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 0900             | Tropical Storm        | Central Bahamas       |
|                       | Warning discontinued  |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 0900             | Hurricane Warning     | Exumas and Andros     |
|                       | downgraded to         | Island                |
|                       | Tropical Storm        |                       |
|                       | Warning               |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 1500             | Tropical Storm        | All of the Northwest  |
|                       | Warning discontinued  | Bahamas               |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 1500             | Hurricane Watch       | All                   |
|                       | discontinued          |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 1500             | Hurricane Warning     | Matanzas to La Habana |
|                       | modified to           |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 1800             | Tropical Storm        | Jupiter Inlet to      |
|                       | Warning modified to   | Florida City and Lake |
|                       |                       | Okeechobee            |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 1800             | Hurricane Warning     | Florida City to       |
|                       | modified to           | Chokoloskee and all   |
|                       |                       | Florida Keys          |
|                       |                       | including Florida Bay |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 20 / 2100             | Tropical Storm        | Jupiter Inlet to      |
|                       | Warning discontinued  | Florida City and Lake |
|                       |                       | Okeechobee            |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 0300             | Hurricane Warning     | Seven Mile Bridge to  |
|                       | changed to Tropical   | Ocean Reef including  |
|                       | Storm Warning         | Florida Bay           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 0300             | Hurricane Warning     | Dry Tortugas to Seven |
|                       | modified to           | Mile Bridge           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 0300             | Hurricane Warning     | Florida City to       |
|                       | discontinued          | Chokoloskee           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 0300             | Tropical Storm        | Chokoloskee to        |
|                       | Warning discontinued  | Englewood             |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 0600             | Hurricane Warning     | Dry Tortugas to Seven |
|                       | changed to Tropical   | Mile Bridge           |
|                       | Storm Warning         |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 0600             | Tropical Storm        | Seven Mile Bridge to  |
|                       | Warning discontinued  | Ocean Reef including  |
|                       |                       | Florida Bay           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 0600             | Hurricane Warning and | All of Cuba           |
|                       | Tropical Storm        |                       |
|                       | Warning discontinued  |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 0900             | Tropical Storm        | Dry Tortugas to       |
|                       | Warning modified to   | Marquesas Keys        |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 1500             | Tropical Storm        | Dry Tortugas to       |
|                       | Warning discontinued  | Marquesas Keys        |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 2100             | Hurricane Watch       | Port Mansfield to     |
|                       | issued                | Cameron               |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 21 / 2100             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Cameron to Grand Isle |
|                       | issued                | and Port Mansfield to |
|                       |                       | Rio San Fernando      |
|                       |                       | Mexico                |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 22 / 0900             | Hurricane Watch       | Port Mansfield to     |
|                       | modified to           | Intracoastal City     |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 22 / 0900             | Tropical Storm        | Morgan City to        |
|                       | Warning issued        | Mississippi River     |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 22 / 0900             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Intracoastal City to  |
|                       | modified to           | Morgan City and Port  |
|                       |                       | Mansfield to Rio San  |
|                       |                       | Fernando Mexico       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 22 / 1500             | Hurricane Warning     | Port O\'Connor to     |
|                       | issued                | Morgan City           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 22 / 1500             | Tropical Storm        | Port O\'Connor to     |
|                       | Warning issued        | Port Manfield         |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 22 / 1500             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Mississippi River to  |
|                       | issued                | Pearl River including |
|                       |                       | Lake Ponchartrain     |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 22 / 1500             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Intracoastal City to  |
|                       | discontinued          | Morgan City           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 22 / 1500             | Hurricane Watch       | All                   |
|                       | discontinued          |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 22 / 2100             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Mississippi River to  |
|                       | discontinued          | Pearl River           |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 22 / 2100             | Tropical Storm        | Morgan City to Pearl  |
|                       | Warning modified to   | River                 |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 23 / 0900             | Tropical Storm Watch  | Port Mansfield to Rio |
|                       | discontinued          | San Fernando Mexico   |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 23 / 1500             | Tropical Storm        | Port O\'Connor to     |
|                       | Warning modified to   | Port Aransas          |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 23 / 2100             | Hurricane Warning     | Sargent to Morgan     |
|                       | modified to           | City                  |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 23 / 2100             | Tropical Storm        | Morgan City to Mouth  |
|                       | Warning modified to   | of Pearl River        |
|                       |                       | including Lake        |
|                       |                       | Ponchartrain and      |
|                       |                       | Sargent to Port       |
|                       |                       | Aransas               |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 24/0900               | Tropical Storm        | Port Aransas to Port  |
|                       | Warning discontinued  |                       |
|                       |                       | O' Connor             |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 24 / 1200             | Hurricane Warning     | High Island to Morgan |
|                       | modified to           | City                  |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 24 / 1500             | Hurricane Warning     | High Island to Morgan |
|                       | changed to Tropical   | City                  |
|                       | Storm Warning         |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 24 / 1500             | Tropical Storm        | High Island to Morgan |
|                       | Warning modified to   | City                  |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 24 / 1500             | Tropical Storm        | Sargent to Port       |
|                       | Warning discontinued  | O\'Connor             |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| 25 / 0000             | Tropical Storm        | All                   |
|                       | Warning discontinued  |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

![](media/image1.wmf){width="8.375in" height="6.9125in"}

Number range CHAPTERFigure 1. Best track positions for Hurricane Rita,
18-26 September 2005.

Number range CHAPTER

![](media/image2.wmf){width="7.5in" height="5.221527777777778in"}

Figure 2. Selected wind observations and estimates and best track
maximum sustained surface wind speed curve for Hurricane Rita, 18-26
September 2005. Aircraft observations have been adjusted for elevation
using 90%, 80%, and 80% reduction factors for observations from 700 mb,
850 mb, and 1500 ft, respectively. Dropwindsonde observations include
actual 10 m winds (sfc), as well as surface estimates derived from the
mean wind over the lowest 150 m of the wind sounding (LLM), and from the
sounding boundary layer mean (MBL).

![](media/image3.wmf){width="8.0in" height="5.570138888888889in"}

Number range CHAPTERFigure 3. Minimum pressure observations and
estimates and best track minimum central pressure curve for Hurricane
Rita, 18-26 September 2005.

**A B**![](media/image4.jpeg){width="2.7597222222222224in"
height="2.7597222222222224in"}**Number range CHAPTER C**

![](media/image5.jpeg){width="2.7597222222222224in"
height="2.7597222222222224in"}

![](media/image6.jpeg){width="2.7597222222222224in"
height="2.7597222222222224in"}

![](media/image7.jpeg){width="2.7604166666666665in"
height="2.7604166666666665in"}**D E**

> ![](media/image8.jpeg){width="2.7597222222222224in"
> height="2.7597222222222224in"}*Images provided by the Fleet Numerical
> Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC).*

Figure 4. Series (in order A-E) of 85-91 GHz passive microwave images of
Hurricane Rita during 21-23 September 2005.Number range CHAPTER

[^1]: Errors given for the 96 and 120 h periods are averages over the
    four-year period 2001-4.