# Region 2: San Jose -San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA

I.  **Geographic Boundaries, Political Jurisdictions and
    Infrastructure**

> ![](media/image1.jpeg){width="5.705555555555556in"
> height="6.423611111111111in"}
>
> **Map 2.1: San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA Major Highway and
> Fixed Guideway System**
>
> The San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland combined statistical area (CSA)
> consists of 11 counties surrounding the San Francisco Bay. As shown in
> Exhibit 2.1, the CSA is served by a number of Interstate, U.S. and
> State Highways as well as four local/regional rail systems. The CSA is
> 8,818 square miles and includes a population of more than 7 million
> people. The 2000 population of the state of CA was 33,871,648.
>
> The northern and southern ends of the CSA include Sonoma County and
> San Benito County, respectively. It is bounded on the west by the
> Pacific Ocean and on the east by the Central Valley. The CSA includes
> such major cities as San Francisco, Oakland and San Jose as well as
> the smaller cities of Fremont, Santa Rosa and Hayward.
>
> The region is served by number U.S. Interstates and U.S. Highways.
> Interstate 80 connects the region with the Sacramento region, which is
> to the east. Numerous beltways feeding the different cities in the
> region branch off of I-80. These include: I-980 serving downtown
> Oakland, I-880 connecting Oakland to San Jose along the east Bay,
> I-280 connecting San Francisco to San Jose along the west Bay, I-580
> which connects Oakland to the Concord/Livermore area, and I-780 and
> I-680, which connect Oakland and the northern communities in Napa and
> Solano counties. Also, U.S. Highway 101, which runs the entire length
> of the State of California is a major north-south roadway which
> connects San Jose, San Francisco and the northern communities in Marin
> and Sonoma counties. Highway 101 spans the San Francisco Bay across
> the Golden Gate Bridge.
>
> There are four fixed guideway systems: BART provides rapid rail
> service throughout the Bay Area; Muni provides light rail service in
> San Francsico; Cal Train provides commuter rail service between San
> Francisco and San Jose, and VTA provides light rail service in Santa
> Clara County.
>
> A large portion of the CSA lies along the San Andreas fault, which
> runs 800 miles up the California coast from Riverside County in the
> south to Mendocino County in the north. The San Andreas also has three
> sister faults that run through the Bay area. Moving west to east these
> include the Hayward Fault, the Calaveras Fault and the Clayton-March
> Creek-Greenville Fault. The prevalence of these fault zones results in
> the frequent occurrence of earthquakes throughout the CSA.
>
> The region has a dry summer subtropical climate, also known as a
> "Mediterranean" climate. Such climates are marked by wet winters and
> dry summers. The extremes in precipitation between the seasons can
> cause flash flooding and mudslide in winter and brush fires and
> drought in the summer.

II. **Agency Descriptions**

+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| **Agency**       | **Jurisdictions     | **Pop   | **O      | **St  |
|                  | Served**            | ulation | perating | aff** |
|                  |                     | S       | Budget** |       |
|                  |                     | erved** |          | **S   |
|                  |                     |         |          | ize** |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| California DOT   | Alameda, Contra     | 7,      | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
| (CalTrans)       | Costa, Sonoma,      | 088,410 |          |       |
|                  | Marin, San          |         |          |       |
| Districts 4 and  | Francisco, San      |         |          |       |
| 5                | Mateo, Santa Clara, |         |          |       |
|                  | Napa,               |         |          |       |
|                  |                     |         |          |       |
|                  | Monterey, San       |         |          |       |
|                  | Benito, San Luis    |         |          |       |
|                  | Obispo, Santa       |         |          |       |
|                  | Barbara, Santa Cruz |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Metropolitan     | San Francisco,      | 6,      | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
| Transportation   | Marin, Sonoma,      | 783,760 |          |       |
| Commission (MTC) | Napa, Solano,       |         |          |       |
|                  | Contra Costa,       |         |          |       |
|                  | Alameda, San Mateo, |         |          |       |
|                  | and Santa Clara     |         |          |       |
|                  | counties.           |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| AC Transit       | 13 cities and       | 1,      | *(a)*    | 2,224 |
|                  | adjacent            | 500,000 |          |       |
|                  | unincorporated      |         |          |       |
|                  | areas in Alameda    |         |          |       |
|                  | and Contra Costa    |         |          |       |
|                  | counties            |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Bay Area Rapid   | San Francisco,      | 2,      | *(a)*    | 3,490 |
| Transit          | Alameda, Contra     | 968,262 |          |       |
|                  | Cost and San Mateo  |         |          |       |
|                  | counties            |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| San Francisco    | City of San         |         | *(a)*    | 3,828 |
| Municipal        | Francisco           |         |          |       |
| Railway          |                     |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| San Mateo County | San Mateo County    | 707,161 | *(a)*    | 731   |
| (Sam Trans)      |                     |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Santa Clara      | Santa Clara County  | 1,      | \$265    | 2,600 |
| Valley Transit   |                     | 736,820 | ,639,000 |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Golden Gate      | San Francisco and   | 1,      | *(a)*    | 822   |
| Transit          | Marin counties,     | 300,000 |          |       |
|                  | potions of Sonoma   |         |          |       |
|                  | County              |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| County           | Central Contra      | 491,700 | \$27     | 300   |
| Connection       | Costa County        |         | ,503,819 |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| WestCAT          | Western Contra      | 62,000  | \$6      | 104   |
|                  | Costa County        |         | ,400,000 |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Tri Delta        | Eastern Contra      | 217,591 | \$15     | 169   |
| Transit          | Costa County        |         | ,740,000 |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Livermore/Amador | Dublin, Livermore,  | 169,000 | *(a)*    | 9     |
| Valley Transit   | Pleasanton          |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Sonoma County    | Sonoma County       | *(a)*   | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
| Transit          |                     |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Santa Rosa       | City of Santa Rosa  | *(a)*   | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
| CityBus          |                     |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Napa County TPA  | Napa County and     | *(a)*   | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
|                  | portions of Sonoma  |         |          |       |
|                  | County              |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Vallejo Transit  | Vallejo, San        | *(a)*   | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
|                  | Francisco           |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| Fairfield/Suisun | Fairfield, Suisun   | 105,000 | *(a)*    | 50    |
| Transit          | City                |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| City of Petaluma | Petaluma            | *(a)*   | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| City of          | Vacaville           | *(a)*   | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
| Vacaville        |                     |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| City of Union    | Union City          | *(a)*   | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
| City             |                     |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| City of Benicia  | Benicia             | *(a)*   | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| City of          | Healdsburg          | *(a)*   | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
| Healdsburg       |                     |         |          |       |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+
| City of Dixon    | Dixon               | *(a)*   | *(a)*    | *(a)* |
+------------------+---------------------+---------+----------+-------+

*(a) Not available*

**Table 2.1: San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland CSA Transportation
Agencies**

III. **Transit Service Area: Fixed Guideway and Bus Service Area**

> ![](media/image2.jpeg){width="5.863888888888889in"
> height="6.611805555555556in"}
>
> **Map 2.2:** **San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA Transit Service
> Area**
>
> The transit systems that serve the CSA can be divided into three
> categories: large urban, medium urban, and small urban systems. Among
> the large urban systems are the following:

-   [BART]{.underline} --BART provides rapid rail service within its
    three-County district and to Colma, Millbrae and the San Francisco
    International Airport in San Mateo County. The BART system consists
    of 104 miles of track and uses a fleet of 669 rail cars. There are
    43 stations, including the BART-SFO extension that opened in
    June 2003. In FY2004, BART carried 97,545,611 passenger trips.

-   [AC Transit]{.underline} - AC Transit's service area is located on
    the eastern shore of the San Francisco Bay. The District operates
    two main types of service: East Bay service and Transbay/Express
    service. East Bay service is provided with 78 local all-day routes,
    20 commute period-only routes (including two express routes), and
    six destination-based community routes. Transbay service consists of
    27 routes that connect various points in the East Bay to the
    Transbay Terminal in San Francisco. AC Transit's fixed-route service
    carried 64,663,431 according to NTD data.

-   [Muni]{.underline} - Muni provides public transportation service
    within the City and County of San Francisco. Muni operates 80 lines
    in regular weekday service. Muni directly operates four modes of
    service: motor coach, trolley coach, light rail (Muni Metro and
    historic streetcars) and cable cars. There are four different route
    configurations: radial, cross-town, feeder and express. In addition,
    Muni runs late-night "owl service" between 1 a.m. and 5 a.m.,
    available on two special routes and a number of regular routes.
    According to FY2004 NTD data, Muni's ridership on each of its modes
    is as follows:

  -------------------------------------- --------------------------------
  Cable Car                              7,869,197

  Light Rail                             45,187,031

  Motorbus                               87,471,668

  Trolley Bus                            75,215,805

  Total                                  215,743,701
  -------------------------------------- --------------------------------

> The medium urban category includes Golden Gate Transit, SamTrans,
> Santa Clara VTA, and County Connection. These systems mostly operate
> local and/or commuter bus services in their service areas. In addition
> to bus service, the Santa Clara VTA also operates a 42 mile light rail
> system and the Golden Gate Transit also operates ferry service from
> Sausalito and Larkspur to San Francisco.
>
> The small urban category systems include Santa Rosa CityBus, Vallejo
> Transit, Livermore Amador Valley Transit Authority (LAVTA), Napa
> County Transportation Planning Agency, Sonoma County Transit, WestCAT
> and Tri-Delta operate mostly local urban and suburban bus services,
> some feeder service to BART and commuter bus services to Oakland and
> San Francisco. The only exception is Vallejo Transit, which also
> operates a Ferry service to San Francisco.

IV. **Number and Proportion of Minority, Below Poverty and Limited
    English Proficient Populations in Relation to the Transit Service
    Area**

![](media/image3.jpeg){width="6.097222222222222in"
height="6.863194444444445in"}

**Map 2.3: San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA Minority Population**

Total Number of Census Tracts in CSA 1,465

Total Population of CSA 7,088,410

Total Minority Population residing in CSA 2,923,892

Regional Average of Minority Population in the CSA 40%

Number (%) of Census Tracts with above average minority population 700
(48%)

Total Minority Population in the above average census tracts 2,119,066

The regional average minority population for the San Jose-San
Francisco-Oakland CSA is 40 percent of the total population. As shown in
Map 2.3, 700 of the 1465 tracts (47.8 percent) have minority populations
that exceed the regional average. Many of these tracts are located in
the San Francisco-Oakland areas (see Map 2.3A) and the San Jose area
(see Map 2.3B). The total minority population of these 700 tracts is
2,119,066, or 30 percent of the total regional population.

![](media/image4.jpeg){width="3.567361111111111in"
height="4.0159722222222225in"}
![](media/image5.jpeg){width="3.560416666666667in"
height="4.007638888888889in"}

**Map 2.3A: San Francisco-Oakland Minority Population Map 2.3B: San Jose
Minority Population**

Nearly all of the census tracts with higher than average concentrations
of minorities are served by transit. Only 16 census tracts are not
served by transit at all. However, these tracts have low population
densities (less than 200 persons per square mile) versus the regional
population density (800 persons per square mile) and represent only 1.4
percent (98,980 persons) of the total CSA population.

![](media/image6.jpeg){width="6.4944444444444445in"
height="7.309722222222222in"}

**Map 2.4: San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA Below Poverty
Population**

Total Number of Census Tracts in CSA 1,465

Total Population of CSA 7,088,410

Total Below Poverty Population residing in CSA 607,698

Regional Average of Below Poverty Population in the CSA 9%

Number (%) of Census Tracts with above average Below Poverty pop. 509
(35%)

Total Below Poverty Population in the above average census tracts
384,074

Approximately nine percent (607,698 persons) of the regional population
for the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland CSA lives below the poverty
level. As shown in Map 2.4, 509 of the census tracts (34.5 percent) have
higher than average percentages of people living in poverty. These 509
census tracts account for 384,074 persons living below the poverty
level. Thirty-six of these tracts are in the rural areas to the west
(along the Pacific coast) and east (towards the Central Valley) of the
urban centers. These rural census tracts are not well served by transit
and represent 2.3 percent (163,651 persons) of the total CSA
populations.

![](media/image7.jpeg){width="3.560416666666667in"
height="4.007638888888889in"}
![](media/image8.jpeg){width="3.560416666666667in"
height="4.007638888888889in"}

**Map 2.4A: San Francisco-Oakland Below Poverty Population Map 2.4B: San
Jose Below Poverty Population**

Within the urbanized areas the highest concentrations of census tracts
with higher than average percentages of persons living below the poverty
level occur in the San Francisco-Oakland area and the San Jose area.

![](media/image9.jpeg){width="6.4944444444444445in"
height="7.309722222222222in"}

**Map 2.5: San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA Limited English
Proficient Population**

Total Number of Census Tracts in CSA 1,465

Total Population of CSA 7,088,410

Total Population 5 years and older of CSA 6,636,216

Total LEP Population\* residing in CSA 1,147,090

Regional Average of LEP Population\* in the CSA 17%

Number (%) of Census Tracts with above average LEP population\* 568
(39%)

Total LEP Population\* in the above average census tracts 829,512

\* LEP includes those 5 years of age and older

The San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland CSA has a population of 1.1 million
people who have limited English proficiency (LEP). This represents 17
percent of the regional population. The concentrations of LEP persons is
mostly in the urban areas of San Francisco-Oakland (see Map 2.5A) and
San Jose (see Map 2.5B). Additionally, there are smaller concentrations
of LEP persons in northern Sonoma County, eastern Solano County and
southern Santa Clara County.

![](media/image10.jpeg){width="3.560416666666667in"
height="4.007638888888889in"}![](media/image11.jpeg){width="3.576388888888889in"
height="4.024305555555555in"}

**Map 2.5A: San Francisco-Oakland LEP Population Map 2.5B: San Jose LEP
Population**

The largest concentrations of LEP persons are in San Francisco,
particularly Daly City to the south, and Oakland. Other areas of LEP
concentrations include San Pablo and San Rafael, which is to the west
across the bay. Proceeding south from Oakland, the areas around Hayward
and Fremont also have higher than average concentrations of LEP persons.
Finally, the areas around San Jose have the highest concentrations of
census tracts with higher than average percentages of persons with
limited English proficiency. There are 568 census tracts (38.8 percent)
with a higher than average concentration of LEP persons. These 568
tracts account for 829,512 LEP persons in total. Eighteen of the 568
census tracts with higher than average LEP populations are not served by
transit. These tracts account for only 1.5 percent (104,554 persons) of
the total CSA population.

V.  **Zero Car Households**

![](media/image12.jpeg){width="6.4944444444444445in"
height="7.309722222222222in"}

**Map 2.6: San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA Zero Car Households**

Total Number of Census Tracts in CSA 1,465

Total Households in the CSA 2,571,456

Total Zero Car Households in CSA 254,141

Regional Average of Zero Car Households in the CSA 10%

Number (%) of Census Tracts with above average Zero Car Households 437
(30%)

Total Zero Car Households in the above average census tracts 173,781

On average 10 percent of the households in the San Jose-San
Francisco-Oakland CSA have no car available. There are 437 census tracts
(29.8 percent) in which the number of zero car households exceeds the
regional average. Every census tract in which the number of zero car
households exceeds the regional average is within the transit service
area. Most of the households with zero cars are within the urban areas,
particularly San Francisco and Oakland. Only nine of the 437 census
tracts with higher than average zero car households are located outside
of the transit service area. These nine tracts account for less than one
percent (49,302 persons) of the total CSA population.

![](media/image13.jpeg){width="3.560416666666667in"
height="4.007638888888889in"}
![](media/image14.jpeg){width="3.560416666666667in"
height="4.007638888888889in"}

**Map 2.6A: San Francisco Zero Car Households Map 2.6B: Oakland Zero Car
Households**

As shown in Maps 2.6A and 2.6B, the concentrations of zero car
households are mostly in the downtown areas of San Francisco (see Map
2.6A) and Oakland (see Map 2.6B). The census tracts with the highest
percentages of zero car households (64 percent and above) are
exclusively in these two areas.

VI. **Number and Proportion of Minority Population with Overlay of Below
    Poverty Population**

![](media/image15.jpeg){width="6.4944444444444445in"
height="7.309722222222222in"}

**Map 2.7: San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA Minority Population
with Overlay of Below Poverty Population**

As shown in Map 2.7, there is some correspondence between the minority
population and below poverty population in the San Jose-San
Francisco-Oakland CSA. There are 376 census tracts (25.6 percent) in
which the minority and below poverty populations both exceed the
regional averages for these statistics, respectively. The areas in which
minority and below poverty census tracts coincide most are the urban
areas of San Francisco-Oakland (see Map 2.7A) and San Jose (see Map
2.7B). Although not all minority areas have an above average level of
poverty, these maps indicate that the correlation is strongest in the
urban cores of San Francisco, Oakland and San Jose.

![](media/image16.jpeg){width="3.560416666666667in"
height="4.007638888888889in"}
![](media/image17.jpeg){width="3.560416666666667in"
height="4.007638888888889in"}

**Map 2.7A: SF-Oakland Minority/Below Poverty Overlay Map 2.7B: San Jose
Minority/Below Poverty Overlay**

VII. **Number and Proportion of Minority Population with Overlays of
     Below Poverty Population and Zero Car Households**

![](media/image18.jpeg){width="6.4944444444444445in"
height="7.309722222222222in"}

**Map2.8: San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA Minority Population
with Overlays of Below Poverty Population and Zero Car Households**

There are 259 census tracts (17.7 percent) in which minority population,
below poverty population and zero car households all exceed their
respective regional averages. Similar to the overlay of minority and
below poverty populations, the overlays of minority and below poverty
populations with zero car households also show the strongest
relationship in the urban core areas of San Francisco, Oakland, and San
Jose. The details of these areas are shown in Maps 2.8A and 2.8B. As
shown in these maps, the downtown areas of these three cities have the
highest concentrations of census tracts in which the minority
populations are coincident with above average poverty levels and above
average number of zero car households.

![](media/image19.jpeg){width="3.560416666666667in"
height="4.007638888888889in"}
![](media/image20.jpeg){width="3.560416666666667in"
height="4.007638888888889in"}

**Map 2.8A: SF-Oakland Minority/Below Poverty/ Map 2.8B: San Jose
Minority/Below Poverty/**

**Zero Car Overlay Zero Car Overlay**

VIII. **Correlation Among Minority Population, Below Poverty Population,
      LEP Populations and Zero Car Households**

  ------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
  * *           *Minority*     *Below         *LEP*          *Zero Car HH*
                               Poverty*                      

  Minority      1.00                                         

  Below Poverty 0.51           1.00                          

  LEP           0.73           0.40           1.00           

  Zero Car HH   0.37           0.63           0.36           1.00
  ------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- --------------

**Table 2.2: San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland CSA Correlation
Coefficients**

As shown in Table 2.2, there is a moderate positive correlation between
minority and below poverty populations with a 0.51 correlation
coefficient. There is an even stronger correlation between minority and
LEP populations (0.73 correlation coefficient). The only other
relationship in which there appears to be a strong correlation is
between below poverty and zero car households, in which the correlation
coefficient is 0.63.

IX. **Natural Disasters**

+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| *           | **Date**    | **Location**      | **Human  | **F      |
| *Event(s)** |             |                   | Impact** | inancial |
|             |             |                   |          | Impact** |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| Storms,     | February    | Napa, Sonoma,     | No       | \$408    |
| Winds,      | 1986        | Marin, Santa      | deaths   | million  |
| Flooding,   |             | Clara, Solano,    | or       |          |
| and         |             | San Mateo,        | serious  |          |
| Mudslides   |             | Alameda, Contra   | injuries |          |
|             |             | Costa             |          |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| Fires       | September   | Solano County and | No       | \$31     |
| (49er,      | 1, 1988     | other areas       | deaths   | million  |
| Miller, and |             | outside the Bay   | or       |          |
| Fern)       |             | CSA               | serious  |          |
|             |             |                   | injuries |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| Loma Prieta | October 1,  | Alameda, San      | 63       | \$5.9    |
| Earthquake  | 1989        | Mateo, Santa      | deaths   | billion  |
|             |             | Clara, Santa      |          |          |
|             |             | Cruz, San         | 3,757    |          |
|             |             | Francisco, Contra | injuries |          |
|             |             | Costa, Marin and  |          |          |
|             |             | Solano counties   |          |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| Freeze      | January     | San Mateo, Santa  | No       | \$856    |
|             | 1991        | Clara, Solano,    | deaths   | million  |
|             |             | Sonoma (1/11/91); | or       |          |
|             |             | Alameda, Marin    | serious  |          |
|             |             | and Napa          | injuries |          |
|             |             | (1/18/91)         |          |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| East Bay    | October 20, | Alameda County    | 25       | \$1.7    |
| Hills Fire  | 1991        |                   | deaths   | billion  |
|             |             |                   |          |          |
|             |             |                   | 150      |          |
|             |             |                   | injuries |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| Winter      | January 25, | Napa, Contra      | 20       | \$600    |
| Storms      | 1993        | Costa, Sonoma     | deaths   | million  |
|             |             | counties          |          |          |
|             |             |                   | 10       |          |
|             |             |                   | injuries |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| Winter      | Janua       | Sonoma (1/9/95);  | 11       | \$741    |
| Storms      | ry-February | Contra Costa,     | deaths   | million  |
|             | 1995        | Napa, Santa Clara |          |          |
|             |             | (1/10/95); San    |          |          |
|             |             | Mateo (1/11/95);  |          |          |
|             |             | Alameda, Marin    |          |          |
|             |             | (1/14/95); Solano |          |          |
|             |             | (2/17/95)         |          |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| Severe      | January 4,  | Alameda, San      | 8 deaths | \$1.8    |
| Stor        | 1997        | Francisco, Contra |          | billion  |
| ms/Flooding |             | Costa, Marin,     |          |          |
|             |             | Napa, Solano,     |          |          |
|             |             | Sonoma, San Mateo |          |          |
|             |             | and Santa Cruz    |          |          |
|             |             | counties          |          |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| El          | February 2, | Alameda, Napa,    | 17       | \$550    |
| Nino-Severe | 1999        | San Mateo, Santa  | deaths   | million  |
| Winter      |             | Clara, Santa      |          |          |
| Storms and  |             | Cruz, Solano,     |          |          |
| Flooding    |             | Sonoma counties   |          |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| Earthquake  | September   | Napa County       | *(a)*    | *(a)*    |
|             | 14, 2000    |                   |          |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| Severe      | February 3, | Contra Costa,     | 1 death\ | \$816.6  |
| Storms,     | 2006        | Marin, Napa,      | 1 injury | million  |
| Flooding,   |             | Solano, and       |          |          |
| Mudslides,  |             | Sonoma counties.  |          |          |
| and         |             |                   |          |          |
| Landslides  |             |                   |          |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+
| Severe      | June 1,     | Alameda County    | 1 death\ | \$144    |
| Storms,     | 2006        | and other         | 0        | million  |
| Flooding,   |             | counties outside  | injuries |          |
| Landslides, |             | the Bay Area.     |          |          |
| and         |             |                   |          |          |
| Mudslides   |             |                   |          |          |
+-------------+-------------+-------------------+----------+----------+

*(a) Not available*

**Table 2.3: 20-Year History of Natural Disasters in the San Jose-San
Francisco-Oakland CSA** *(Source: FEMA and the California Office of
Emergency Services)*

The table above presents a snapshot of the naturals disasters that have
affected the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland CSA during the past 20
years. Although California is known as an earthquake hot zone, the table
clearly shows that more damage has resulted from severe weather in the
past 20 years than from earthquakes. The damage caused by these severe
weather events is typically due to flooding, landslides and mudslides.
In addition to earthquakes and severe weather, the region also is prone
to wildfires. On a scale ranging from Moderate to High, to Very High
Risk, the United States Geological Survey rates the state of California
as having a Very High Risk of earthquakes.

X.  **Manmade Disasters**

The San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland CSA is home to a number of industries
including shipping, high-technology, biotechnology and petrochemical.
The region also has a number of sites that would be considered high
profile targets for terrorism (e.g., the Department of Energy's Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory, the Golden Gate Bridge, the Port of San
Francisco, the Port of Oakland and the financial district in San
Francisco). As such, there is potential for certain man-made disasters
whether by accident or by intention. These include petroleum and
chemical leaks or spills, radiological release and industrial sabotage
to manufacturing plants, shipping facilities, and infrastructure.

In addition, the region is subject to other man-made disasters as any
other major metropolitan area would be. Incidents such as building
fires, aircraft accidents and major highway accidents could result in
significant number of fatalities and/or casualties as well as property
damage. 2005 data from the U.S. Department of Transportation on
Hazardous Material Safety shows the state of California accounted for 8%
of the hazardous materials incidents and 3% of related deaths for the
year.

A review of information available through state and federal sources did
not indicate that there have been any major man-made disasters in the
region during the past 20 years.