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  **World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-07)\  ![](media/image1.png){width="1.9270833333333333in"
  Geneva, 22 October - 16 November 2007**          height="0.8125in"}

                                                   

                                                   

  **PLENARY MEETING**                              **Addendum 1 to\
                                                   Document 5-E**

                                                   **7 September 2007**

                                                   **Original: English**

  United States of America                         

  proposals for the work of the conference         

  Agenda item 1.2                                  
  ------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------

1.2 to consider allocations and regulatory issues related to the Earth
exploration-satellite (passive) service, space research (passive)
service and the meteorological satellite service in accordance with
Resolutions **746** **(WRC‑03)** and **742** **(WRC‑03)**

Background information

This proposal addresses *resolves* 2 of Resolution 746 (WRC‑03),
consideration of the sharing conditions "\... between the EESS (passive)
and the space research service (passive) on one hand and the fixed and
mobile services on the other hand in the band 10.6-10.68 GHz to
determine appropriate sharing criteria" and *resolves* 3, to "\...
consider the inclusion of such sharing criteria within the Radio
Regulations" and Resolution 742 (WRC‑03), "consideration of sharing
criteria between the passive services and the fixed and mobile services
in the band 36-37 GHz to determine appropriate sharing criteria and to
consider the possible inclusion of such sharing criteria within the
Radio Regulations." In the CPM Report to WRC-07, these two issues are
known as Issue B and Issue C under Agenda item 1.2.

# Issue B

The frequency band 10.6-10.68 GHz is allocated to the Earth
exploration-satellite service (EESS) (passive), radio astronomy and
space research (passive) services on a primary basis. This band is also
allocated to the mobile (except aeronautical mobile) and the fixed
services on a primary basis, taking into account footnote No. 5.482.
Passive sensing of the Earth and its atmosphere has been accomplished
using this band for many years. It is an important resource for remote
sensing of such things as rain, snow, sea state, ocean wind, and soil
moisture content and is often used in conjunction with a number of other
passive sensing bands to extract such data. The United States flies a
variety of scientific spacecraft with instruments that utilize this
band. However, the United States also makes extensive use of this band
for the fixed service. Furthermore, footnote No. 5.482 already places
power and e.i.r.p. restrictions on the fixed and mobile services.

Resolution 746 states in *considering h)* "that the EESS (passive)
operating in the band 10.6-10.68 GHz may experience harmful interference
from the emissions of systems of active services;" and in *recognizing*
3) "that the provisions given in No. 5.482 may not be sufficient to
ensure the protection of the EESS (passive) in the band 10.6-10.68
GHz;". Based on these facts,

Resolution 746 called for studies of the sharing conditions in this
band. ITU-R has undertaken studies that should result in Recommendations
in Study Group 9 and Study Group 7 which would recommend additional
interference mitigation measures to be taken in addition to the current
constraints given in No. 5.482. These studies are summarized in Report
ITU-R RS.2096.

Based on the results of the ITU-R studies and the apparent lack of
effectiveness of the current constraints given in No. 5.482 in
protecting the EESS (passive) operations in the 10.6-10.68 GHz band,
this proposal modifies No. 5.482, urging administrations to further
limit the fixed and mobile service emissions in the future in this band.

# Issue C

The frequency band 36-37 GHz is allocated to the Earth
exploration-satellite (passive), the space research (passive), the fixed
and the mobile services on a primary basis. Passive sensing of the Earth
and its atmosphere has been accomplished using this band for many years.
It is an important resource for remote sensing of such things as rain
rates, snow, sea ice and clouds and is often used in conjunction with a
number of other passive sensing bands to extract such data. The United
States flies a variety of scientific and meteorological spacecraft with
instruments that utilize this band. There is no current use of the band
in the United States by the fixed or mobile services. However,
determination of appropriate sharing criteria should not place undue
constraints on the future use of the band by the fixed and mobile
services.

ITU-R has undertaken studies that should result in Recommendations in
Study Group 9 and Study Group 7 which would recommend various
interference mitigation measures to be taken. These studies are
summarized in Report ITU-R RS.2095. These studies indicate that passive
sensing systems may receive excessive interference if there are no
limitations on the power of fixed and mobile service transmitters as
deployment densities of the terrestrial services in this band increase
in the future. Based on the results of these studies, this proposal
establishes a new footnote in Article 5 of the Radio Regulations
pointing to a modified Resolution 742 that addresses fixed and mobile
services in the band 36-37 GHz, for which limited information was
available for the studies leading up to WRC-07. The new Resolution would
call for further Conference consideration of the emission limits derived
from these studies as well as their possible impact on the fixed and
mobile services and would encourage design of active service systems in
accordance with the results of these studies until a future Conference
can resolve the issue.

ARTICLE 5

Frequency allocations

Section IV -- Table of Frequency Allocations\
(See No. 2.1)

**MOD** USA/5A1/1

10-11.7 GHz

+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| Allocation to        |                      |                       |
| services             |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| Region 1             | Region 2             | Region 3              |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| **10.6-10.68** EARTH |                      |                       |
| E                    |                      |                       |
| XPLORATION-SATELLITE |                      |                       |
| (passive)            |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| FIXED                |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| MOBILE except        |                      |                       |
| aeronautical mobile  |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| RADIO ASTRONOMY      |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| SPACE RESEARCH       |                      |                       |
| (passive)            |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| Radiolocation        |                      |                       |
|                      |                      |                       |
| 5.149 MOD 5.482      |                      |                       |
+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+

**MOD** USA/5A1/2

**5.482** In the band 10.6-10.68 GHz, stations of the fixed and mobile,
except aeronautical mobile, services shall be limited to a maximum
equivalent isotropically radiated power of 40 dBW and the power
delivered to the antenna shall not exceed --3 dBW. These limits may be
exceeded subject to agreement obtained under No. **9.21**. However, in
Saudi Arabia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, China,
the United Arab Emirates, Georgia, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic
Republic of), Iraq, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Moldova,
Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, Qatar, the Syrian Arab Republic,
Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, the restrictions on the fixed and mobile,
except aeronautical mobile, services are not applicable. In making
assignments in the band 10.6-10.68 GHz, administrations should bear in
mind the needs of the Earth exploration-satellite (passive) and space
research (passive) services. Administrations are urged to limit the
transmit power delivered to the antenna of new stations authorized in
the fixed service to a maximum of --10 dBW and new stations authorized
in the mobile service (except aeronautical mobile) to a maximum of --17
dBW.     (Rev.WRC‑07)

**Reasons:** Passive sensor measurements in this band are currently
being used for weather prediction and natural disaster prediction as
well as for other scientific applications. Interference into operational
passive sensors has been documented in ITU-R, even with the current
power and e.i.r.p. limits specified in No. 5.482, and the extent of this
interference is expected to increase with further development of the
fixed and mobile services in this band. To limit the potential increase
in such interference and maintain the utility of this band for passive
remote sensing, administrations are urged to reduce the transmit power
levels of future stations in the fixed and mobile (except aeronautical
mobile) services to protect the Earth exploration-satellite (passive)
and space research (passive) services.

**MOD** USA/5A1/3

34.2-40 GHz

+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| Allocation to         |                       |                       |
| services              |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| Region 1              | Region 2              | Region 3              |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+
| **36-37** EARTH       |                       |                       |
| EXPLORATION-SATELLITE |                       |                       |
| (passive)             |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| FIXED                 |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| MOBILE                |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| SPACE RESEARCH        |                       |                       |
| (passive)             |                       |                       |
|                       |                       |                       |
| 5.149 ADD 5.AAA       |                       |                       |
+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+

**ADD** USA/5A1/4

**5.AAA** In the band 36-37 GHz, Resolution **742 (Rev.WRC-07)**
applies.

**Reasons:** Passive sensor measurements in this band are currently
being used to determine rain, snow, ocean ice and water vapour
properties for use in numerical weather prediction models and other
scientific applications including studies the hydrological cycle or
global water circulation. Currently, this band is lightly used by the
fixed and mobile services on a global basis. It is necessary to
establish an appropriate operational environment to protect the future
use of Earth exploration-satellite (passive) and space research
(passive) services in this band without imposing undue constraints on
the fixed or mobile services.

**MOD** USA/5A1/5

RESOLUTION 742 (Rev.WRC-07)

Use of the frequency band 36-37 GHz

The World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2007),

considering

*a)* that the frequency band 36-37 GHz is allocated to the Earth
exploration-satellite service (EESS) (passive) and to the space research
service (passive) on a primary basis;

*b)* that the frequency band 36-37 GHz is allocated to the fixed service
and to the mobile service on a primary basis;

*c)* that an administration has adopted domestic regulations to control
emissions, including in the bands allocated to the Earth
exploration-satellite service (passive);

*d)* that the EESS (passive) protection criteria are contained in
Recommendation ITU‑R RS.1029;

*e)* that Recommendation ITU‑R F.758‑2 provides characteristics of fixed
service point-to-multipoint systems operating in the band 36-37 GHz, but
does not provide information on characteristics of fixed service
point-to-point systems operating in this band;

*f)* that the band 36-37 GHz is not available for high-density
applications in the fixed service (see No. **5.547**);

*g)* that the EESS (passive) operating in the band 36-37 GHz could
receive interference from the emissions of systems of active services;

*h)* that the band 36-37 GHz is an important resource for remote sensing
of such things as rain rates, snow, sea ice and clouds, and is often
used in conjunction with a number of other passive sensing bands to
extract such data;

*i)* that it is necessary to ensure an equitable burden sharing for
achieving compatibility between active and passive services,

recognizing

*a)* that EESS (passive) systems may experience harmful interference if
a high density of fixed-service stations is deployed in the band
36-37 GHz;

*b)* that the results of simulation studies documented in Report ITU-R
SM.2096 have shown that the Earth exploration-satellite (passive)
service can be protected in the band 36-37 GHz:

-- if the maximum transmitter power of point-to-point (P-P) fixed
service stations is limited to --10 dBW, except for systems using
automatic transmitter power control (ATPC), where the maximum
transmitter power may be increased by a value corresponding to the ATPC
range up to a maximum of --7 dBW; and

-- if the maximum transmitter power of point-to-multipoint (P-MP) fixed
service stations is limited to --10 dBW for customer stations; and

-- if the maximum transmitter power for point-to-multipoint (P-MP) fixed
service stations is limited to --10 dBW and the maximum e.i.r.p. is
limited to +12 dBW for hub stations; and

-- if the maximum transmitter power for mobile service stations is
limited to −10 dBW, except for stations whose activity factor is less
than 40%, where the maximum transmitter power is limited to --3 dBW,

resolves

1 to invite ITU‑R to determine the possible impact of emission limits on
the fixed and mobile services in the band 36-37 GHz;

2 that, until a future conference resolves the issue of EESS (passive)
protection in the band 36-37 GHz, administrations should take into
account the values indicated in the *recognizing* to protect the EESS
(passive), when designing and implementing systems and networks in this
band;

3 to recommend that WRC‑11 review options for protecting the Earth
exploration-satellite (passive) service in the 36-37 GHz band, taking
into account the results of studies, including those on the impact of
the fixed and mobile services of implementing or not implementing such
options;

4 that all options for the protection of the Earth exploration-satellite
(passive) service in the band 36-37 GHz from interference, including
mandatory or non-mandatory limits on emissions, or no limits where none
are warranted, need to be considered,

invites administrations

to provide ITU‑R with characteristics of active systems (fixed and
mobile services) operating in the band 36-37 GHz.

**Reasons:** Since the ITU-R studies for the 36-37 GHz band were largely
based on assumptions about the technical parameters and deployment
scenarios of future fixed and mobile service systems, the possible
impact of emission limits on the fixed and mobile services in this band
was not able to be determined. Therefore, this modified Resolution
provides the results of the these studies as guidance to administrations
wishing to deploy fixed and mobile services in the 36-37 GHz band in the
future and calls for a future conference to re-examine these emission
limits, their effectiveness, and their underlying assumptions.

**SUP** USA/5A1/6

RESOLUTION 746 (WRC-03)

Issues dealing with allocations to science services

**Reasons:** Consequential to completion of Agenda item 1.2 at WRC-07.

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