Number range
CHAPTER*\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_*

*Northwest*

*Fisheries*

*Science*

*Center*

SAFETY ORIENTATION

For NEW EMPLOYEES

at NWFSC

*Northwest Fisheries*

*Science Center*

National Marine Fisheries Service

National Oceanic and

Atmospheric Administration

U.S. Department of Commerce

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

2725 Montlake Boulevard East

Seattle, WA 98112

April 2001

**HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT TRAINING**

**GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES**

The Laboratory and Maintenance Staff are responsible for;

1.  managing their regulated waste according to the procedures provided
    in this briefing and the NWFSC Waste Management Plan,

2.  notifying the Safety and Environmental Compliance Officer (SECO),
    when waste containers in their laboratory are full, and

3.  keeping records of any chemicals (non-hazardous) which are poured
    down the laboratory sink and chemicals which are treated (e.g., acid
    neutralization),

All other responsibilities are normally handled by the SECO.

REGULATED WASTES AT NWFSC

The following waste streams must be managed in accordance with strict
regulatory procedures:

1.  Laboratory Chemical Waste,

2.  Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs),

3.  Spent Sediment Samples,

4.  Fish Carcasses,

5.  Laboratory Glassware,

6.  Sharps (e.g., needles, blades),

7.  Shop Solvents, Paints,

8.  Fluorescent Light Bulbs/Ballasts, and

9.  Batteries.

Procedures for Hazardous Chemical Waste

Chemical Wastes are Designated by Federal and State Law, and generally
fall under four categories:

1.  Flammable (e.g., most Solvents),

2.  Corrosive (e.g., Acids, Bases),

3.  Reactive (e.g., Oxidizers),

4.  Toxic (e.g., contain certain concentrations of toxic, carcinogenic
    compounds), and

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1.  Chemical mixtures which exhibit the same characteristics above are
    also regulated.

Storage/Accumulation Requirements for hazardous chemical waste

The requirements below MUST be followed when accumulating hazardous
waste in the laboratory:

2.  Chemical waste must be compatible with the container they are stored
    in.

3.  Wastes should be kept in the fume hood or in the flammable/corrosive
    cabinets under the hood. No waste containers can be stored on the
    floor. Store incompatible compounds (e.g., flammables and oxidizers,
    or acids and bases) in separate locations.

4.  There is no time limit for storing chemical waste in the laboratory.
    NWFSC requires that you contact the SECO when you would like your
    waste removed for disposal. Note: some solvent wastes are bulked
    into drums, and your containers may be reused.

5.  Acceptable waste containers include bottles/plastic containers with
    screw top caps or 5 gallon buckets/carboys with tight sealing lids.

6.  When filling waste containers, leave at least one inch air space at
    the top.

7.  DO NOT leave containers open in the lab fume hood. Evaporation of
    hazardous waste is specifically prohibited.

8.  Containers MUST be labeled with the Hazardous Waste Label shown in
    Figure 1. These labels will be provided by the SECO. WDOE requires
    waste containers to be labeled with the words "Hazardous Waste," the
    chemical constituents (e.g., acetonitrile), and the specific
    hazard(s) associated with the chemical constituents (e.g.,
    flammable, corrosive, toxic, etc.). When using reagent bottles for
    collecting waste, the original label MUST be removed or defaced.
    ONLY the Hazardous Waste label should be legible.

9.  Shock sensitive and peroxide forming compounds must be managed
    carefully to prevent potential explosions. Examples of potentially
    explosive chemicals include diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and
    picric acid. These chemicals must be dated upon receipt and disposed
    within one year of this date. It is best to purchase smaller
    quantities to ensure they will be used within this time period. If
    outdated containers are discovered, contact the SECO.

FIGURE 1. Laboratory Hazardous Waste Label

Procedures for PCB Waste

PCBs are a special class of regulated waste, which must be managed
separately from all other waste streams. Check with the SECO for
specific accumulation requirements. Basic procedures are listed below:

1.  Any waste (e.g., sediment samples) containing PCBs in concentrations
    of 50 ppm (by weight) or higher are regulated.

2.  Any laboratory equipment used in extracting/analyzing PCB samples
    (e.g., columns, glassware, etc.), which are contaminated with PCBs
    at concentrations of 50 ppm (by weight) or higher are also
    regulated.

3.  There is a 30 day time limit for storing PCB waste in the
    laboratory.

4.  Acceptable waste containers include bottles/plastic containers with
    screw top caps or 5 gallon buckets/carboys with tight sealing lids.

5.  Containers MUST be labeled with the PCB Label in Figure 2. The date
    must be written on this label immediately upon adding the first
    waste to the accumulation container. Notify the SECO prior to
    exceeding the 30 day storage time limit, so this waste can be
    removed for disposal.

FIGURE 2. Laboratory PCB Waste Label

Procedures for Contaminated Sediments

All spent sediment samples are assumed to be regulated as hazardous
waste, so do not discard in trash without first checking with the SECO.
Analytical data from past studies is normally needed to make a
determination for proper disposal. In the absence of available data,
testing will have to be conducted to determine constituent
concentrations. Once samples are classified as Hazardous Waste, they
must be stored and labeled according to the Hazardous Chemical Waste
Storage/Accumulation Requirements listed above.

Procedures for Fish Carcasses and Tissues

If you suspect fish carcasses to be contaminated with regulated
chemicals (e.g., pesticides or PCBs), contact the SECO to determine
proper disposal procedures. Concentrations may actually be high enough
to regulate them as Hazardous Waste. Normally, uncontaminated
carcasses/tissue may be placed in the trash (dumpster only). However, in
order to meet King County requirements, these materials must first be
double bagged.

Procedures for Glassware

Beakers, flasks, and empty reagent bottles cannot be recycled. For this
reason, they must be collected in special boxes for disposal. Glassware
cannot be simply placed in the trash without first being contained and
properly marked. Special heavy duty boxes are available to the
laboratory staff, and kept in the SECO's office (223E). Glassware must
be autoclaved, if it contains infectious or biological waste.

Procedures for Sharps

Sharps (defined as equipment which may cause punctures or cuts) are
regulated as "infectious waste" and must be collected and disposed in
special biohazard containers. Examples of sharps include needles,
syringes, lancets, and scalpel blades. Biohazard containers are also
available from the SECO in Room 223E. Once the containers in your
laboratory are full, contact the SECO for pickup.

Procedures for Shop generated Wastes

Shop wastes, such as solvents and paints are also handled as hazardous
waste, and must be managed in the same manner as laboratory chemicals.
See storage and labeling requirements for Hazardous Chemical Waste
Storage/Accumulation - listed above. Latex paints, however, can be left
open to dry and then placed in the dumpster as trash.

Procedures for Fluorescent Light Bulbs/Ballasts

Older (pre-1978) ballasts, transformers, and capacitors contain
regulated concentrations of PCBs. These items must be collected, stored,
and labeled according to the applicable requirements listed above (see
Procedures for PCB Waste). Fluorescent light bulbs contain a small
amount of mercury and are regulated as a separate waste stream in the
state of Washington, known as "Universal Waste." These bulbs must be
collected (unbroken) in boxes and marked with the words "Used
Fluorescent Bulbs" or "Universal Waste." Collection boxes must also be
marked with the date that accumulation begins. There is a one year limit
for storing bulbs on site. The SECO will make arrangements for recycling
these bulbs prior to reaching this time limit. Universal Waste labels
are available from the SECO in Room 223E.

Procedures for Spent Batteries

Certain batteries contain hazardous constituents, such as lead, and must
be handled in the same manner as other regulated materials. Most
alkaline type batteries may be placed in the regular trash. Lead-acid
batteries must be collected separately and labeled "Waste Batteries" or
"Used Batteries." There is a one year limit for storing batteries on
site. The SECO will make arrangements for recycling these items prior to
reaching this time limit. Used Batteries labels are available from the
SECO in Room 223E.

TREATING LABORATORY WASTES

Certain methods of chemical waste treatment in the lab are allowed by
the WDOE. However, specific procedures and reporting requirements must
first be followed. These are as follows:

1.  For NWFSC, WDOE/King County-approved treatment ONLY INCLUDES
    elementary neutralization (i.e., acid/bases), precipitation (e.g.,
    silver recovery from photo processor waste), carbon adsorption,
    (e.g., chloroform), and chemical detoxification (e.g., formalin
    neutralization w/ Formalex^TM^ ). Evaporation or dilution IS NOT an
    acceptable means of treatment.

2.  Records, including the type and amount of chemical treated, must be
    maintained and reported to the SECO. NWFSC is required to provide
    this information to WDOE annually.

3.  You must have a SOP for the specific treatment in your lab.

4.  Treated waste may be poured down the drain, provided King County
    Metro's sewering requirements are met (see below).

SEWERING NON REGULATED WASTE

King County Metro regulates all substances that are put into the sewer
system. Specific approval is necessary for disposing of certain
compounds, but the general guidelines listed below can be followed.
After treating wastes (as described above), these restrictions must also
be met prior to sewering. It is best to ask the SECO prior to sewering
anything.

General Rules:

1.  Wastes to be sewered cannot be designated as Hazardous.

2.  All solids must be dissolved in water prior to disposal.

3.  Cannot dilute waste to meet discharge criteria.

4.  Compounds which have the potential for forming explosive metal
    azides (e.g., sodium azide) are not allowed to be sewered at any
    concentration.

5.  Treatment must be done in the waste container, and then poured down
    the drain. For example, acid cannot be neutralized in the sink with
    the water running.

Metro Restrictions:

1.  Compounds must be water soluble and non-gaseous.

2.  Temperature must be \< 150 ^o^F.

3.  Settleable solids \< 7.0 mg/L.

4.  5.5 \< pH \< 12.0.

5.  Oil and Grease \< 100 mg/L.

6.  Cyanide \< 3.0 ppm.

7.  Concentrations of toxic metals (i.e., Ag, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Ni,
    and Zn) are restricted. Check with SECO for specific limits.

WHAT NOT TO DO

The following general rules apply:

1.  Don't assume you know what is right. Regulations do not necessarily
    follow common sense.

2.  Don't throw liquids in the trash.

3.  Don't leave waste containers open when not in use or adding waste.

4.  Don't keep unlabeled containers in the lab.

5.  Don't store incompatibles together (e.g., flammables and oxidizers,
    or acids and bases).

6.  Don't store chemicals next to the sink.

7.  Don't transport waste chemicals. Legally, regulated hazardous waste
    must be removed from their point of origin by a licensed hazardous
    waste transporter.

If you have any questions about procedures or responsibilities, please
contact \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

**CHEMICAL HYGIENE TRAINING**

**GENERAL RESPONSIBLITIES**

The Laboratory Staff are responsible for;

1.  Following the procedures outlined in this briefing and the NWFSC
    Chemical Hygiene Plan,

2.  Following NWFSC procedures for chemical waste disposal,

3.  Developing laboratory standard operating procedures (SOPs) for using
    hazardous chemical,

4.  Reporting accidents/injuries to your supervisor, and

5.  Reporting emergencies according to this briefing,

All other responsibilities are normally handled by the Safety and
Environmental Compliance Officer (SECO).

**GENERAL REQURIEMENTS**

This briefing provides a summary of the general laboratory safety
procedures required by OSHA, as well as safety procedures and policies
specific to NWFSC. These are listed below.

CENTER SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

**Procedures for Maintaining Chemical Inventories**

Research Staff are required to have an up to date inventory of the
chemicals stored in their laboratories. All inventory files are required
to be in **Filemaker Pro^R\ ^**(database). The NWFSC SECO will request a
copy of this inventory on a **biannual basis**. It is therefore
recommended that you maintain an up to date list of chemicals, instead
of locating and inventorying everything in your lab each time. All
laboratory inventories are then combined for the purposes of maintaining
a Center wide list of chemicals. Chemical inventories are required under
OSHA and Fire Code regulations. Currently, the Center inventory is
accessible on the Center's intranet and information center
(www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/nwfscinfo.html), where you may conduct a search by
location (Lab #) or by chemical name.

Procedures for Accessing Chemical Safety Information

A material safety data sheet (MSDS) system is available electronically
through the Center's MONTLAKE File Server. This system provides
individual MSDSs for up to 5000 different chemicals. MSDSs generally
provide useful information on (1) chemical hazards, (2)
physical/chemical properties, (3) stability and reactivity properties,
(4) disposal, (5) first aid measures, and (6) toxicology. This
information may be useful when developing laboratory SOPs. There are
also various web sites for accessing chemical safety information, as
well as a number of different texts in the SECO's office. If you have
questions about this information or accessing the Center MSDS system,
contact \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

**Procedures for Chemical Container Labeling**

In order to meet the OSHA requirements for displaying hazard warnings,
all containers must have proper safety labels. Reagent containers
generally carry health hazard information and do not require any
additional labels. All other secondary containers containing hazardous
chemicals must be labeled. Figure 1 provides an example of acceptable
hazard warning labels. Other versions of these labels are also
acceptable. These are known as the HMIG and NFPA label systems which use
color coding and numeric ratings to quantify hazard levels. Ratings for
specific chemicals are available from several sources. The SECO has
several reference texts which provide these numbers, or you check on
line safety-information sites such as Michigan State University's;
[http://www.orcbs.msu.edu/chemical/chemical.html]().

**FIGURE 1: Laboratory Hazard Warning Label**

**Standard Operating Procedures for Hazardous Chemicals**

Each laboratory is required to develop specific standard operating
procedures (SOPs) for using hazardous chemicals in their laboratory. The
purpose of this requirement is to identify the health hazards associated
with handling these chemicals, and to identify protective equipment and
establish procedures which prevent harmful exposure. A simple form for
documenting these SOPs is provided in the NWFSC Chemical Hygiene Plan.
You may use this form or one of your own. Your laboratory may also have
a specific requirement for developing and approving SOPs.

**Chemical/Medical Monitoring**

The SECO will provide chemical exposure monitoring under the following
circumstances:

1.  Staff are working with formaldehyde, methylene chloride, or suspect
    there is a potential exposure problem with the chemical in question;

2.  Prior to, and after responding to a laboratory chemical spill;

3.  Staff are entering confined spaces which potentially contain harmful
    airborne contaminant concentrations; and

4.  Any time there is a potential airborne contaminant problem affecting
    staff.

NWFSC holds a contract with Public Health Service to provide medical
surveillance for employees. This service is used under the following
circumstances:

1.  To provide medical clearance for spill response team personnel;

2.  Provide medical clearance for personnel wearing respirators; and

3.  Provide medical evaluations for personnel who may have been exposed
    to harmful concentrations of chemicals.

If you have questions regarding medical evaluations or believe that you
may have been exposed to harmful chemicals, please contact
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

**Emergency Procedures**

a.  **Chemical Spills.** The Center has a designated chemical spill
    response team (SRT) for the Montlake Facility. This is a six member
    team, which has been trained and equipped to handle chemical
    cleanup. It is in your best interest to contact them in the event of
    a spill, because you may be exposing yourself to dangerous levels of
    vapors. Also, this is a service for the labs and does not cost the
    division anything. To contact the SRT, dial pager number 626-4070,
    and at the tone enter (via touch tone phone) the laboratory number
    (e.g., for Lab 223, enter 2-2-3). This will simultaneously page all
    spill team members and provide them with the location of the
    incident. The general criteria for calling the SRT is:

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4.  A chemical spill of more than 500 mL;

5.  A spill of any amount of an *extremely flammable* liquid (e.g.,
    diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, hexane, acetone, pentane, and
    benzene), *extremely corrosive* chemical -- fumes when spilled
    (e.g., concentrated nitric acid, HCl, and HF), *extremely toxic*
    compounds (e.g., dioxin compounds, organic Hg compounds, boron
    trifluoride, osmium tetroxide, benzene, phenol, pyridine, and 37%
    formaldehyde), and *strong oxidizers* (e.g., chromic acid, potassium
    dichromate, and perchloric acid);

6.  A leaking container or package; or

7.  The Lab Staff have any doubts about their own capability to safely
    cleanup the chemical.

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b.  **Radioactive Material Spills.** In addition to the procedures
    listed above, the Radiation Safety Officer (RSO) in Room 223 (3316)
    or Assistant RSO in Room 211 (3344) should be contacted. The general
    criteria for calling the SRT is a spill of the following
    radioisotope and quantity:

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8.  ^131^I or ^125^I 1mCi

9.  ^35^S 10 mCi

10. ^14^C 10 mCi

11. ^32^P 10 mCi

12. ^33^P 10 mCi

13. The Lab Staff have any doubts about their own capability to safely
    cleanup the spill.

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c.  **Fire or other Emergencies Requiring Evacuation.** Procedures for
    building evacuation are listed in the attached briefing "Montlake
    Emergency Procedures", which summarizes the facility's written
    emergency plan. Basically, East Building occupants exit down
    stairwell and out to east lawn. West Building occupants exit down
    stairwell and out to west lawn. Once there, wait and you will be
    given instructions from the building captain (wearing orange vest)
    when to re-enter the building. FYI: we cannot allow people to
    re-enter until the Fire Department arrives and gives us permission.
    In the case of a medical emergency call 9-1-1, then contact your
    supervisor. In the case of a fire, there are pull boxes to manually
    activate the facility alarm system.

Procedures for Safe Operation and Maintenance of Laboratory Hoods

The following guidelines apply to chemical fume hoods at Montlake:

14. The hood provides containment and exhausts chemical vapors to
    prevent inhalation exposure. The sash provides a protective barrier
    between you and the laboratory operation. If you choose to operate
    the fume hood with the sash fully open, then you remove the barrier
    and dramatically reduce the performance.

15. Because of the design of most labs at Montlake, opening the door
    will decrease the hood performance. It is recommended that you keep
    the door close when working in the hood.

16. Placing ovens and other large objects in the hood negate the
    performance of the hood. It is acceptable to do this, but you should
    not work in a hood which houses such large equipment.

17. Large quantities of containers and objects in the hood also affect
    performance, and should be avoided.

The following guidelines apply to chemical **fume hoods and biological
safety cabinets** at Montlake:

1.  Biological safety cabinets used at the Center will discharge exhaust
    air back into the laboratory after being filtered. These filters
    (HEPA), however, capture particulate only and not organic chemical
    vapors, so chemicals should not be used in these cabinets.

2.  Hoods are normally tested annually for performance. This will be
    scheduled and conducted by the SECO -- usually in December.
    Generally, records of these tests are kept on file, but you may
    receive a copy if interested.

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1.  Maintenance is also performed on these hoods periodically (e.g.,
    when belts brake or adjustments are required). A performance test
    will be conducted on hoods undergoing any such maintenance.

2.  If you notice a problem with the hood, contact
    \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_*.*

Other applications of ventilation may be used for exhausting chemical
vapors from a particular laboratory operation (e.g., HPLC,
Photoprocesser, etc.). Examples include canopy hoods, capture hoods,
elephant trunks, extractor arms, etc. These devices should be evaluated
for performance prior to and after installation to ensure they are
actually protecting workers. If would like to have new equipment
installed or existing equipment evaluated , contact
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

**Safety Equipment**

The following safety equipment is located in the East Building:

1.  **Safety showers** are located in the hallway adjacent to
    laboratories.

2.  **Safety eye washes** are located in each laboratory, usually next
    sink.

3.  **First Aid Kits** are located next to the west stairwell, and in
    the First Aid Room on the 2^nd^ floor.

4.  **Fire extinguishers** are located in each laboratory, normally next
    to the door.

The equipment is provided and maintained by the Center.

**Inspections**

To meet OSHA requirements for annual workplace inspections, the SECO
performs annual informal inspections of all laboratories. These are
informal and are conducted to identified problems and develop follow up
solutions. Laboratory Staff are normally given advanced notice of such
inspections. These take place every fall (Sept. to Dec.). Keep in mind
that regulatory inspectors (i.e., NRC, WA Department of Ecology) have
visited the Center in the past and they provide no prior notice.

Radioactive Materials

The use of radioactive isotopes in the laboratories is authorized
**only** under the specific provisions of the NRC Radioactive Material
License for the Montlake Facility. In order to use radioactive isotopes
you must first be designated as an "authorized user," which requires
training and other specific requirements. If you need additional
information regarding the use of isotopes, contact
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

**Biosafety in Microbiological Laboratories**

A biosafety Program has been established for regulating laboratory
operations involving biohazardous agents and recombinant DNA. A
biosafety Committee has also been appointed to review and approve
**all** projects involving these operations. The requirements of the
NWFSC Biosafety Manual **must** be met prior to performing any
operations involving biohazardous agents and recombinant DNA. If you
would like more information on the use of biological agents or need a
copy of the NWFSC Biosafety Manual, contact
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

OSHA LABORATORY SAFETY REQUIREMENTS -- *must be followed in addition to
NWFSC procedures*

Standard Lab Practices

The following basic safety rules apply to laboratory operations:

1.  **Chemical Procurement** may be handled by any staff member, those
    individuals must be knowledgeable of the chemical hazards. Note:
    divisions may have procedures for approving chemical purchases.

2.  **Chemical Storage** shall be done according to risk and
    compatibility. Acids and bases must be stored separately to avoid
    possible contact and reaction. Generally these corrosives should be
    stored in a corrosives cabinet. Flammables must be stored away from
    ignition and oxygen sources. Generally flammables should be stored
    in a flammable rated cabinet. Oxidizers should be physically
    separated from combustible materials, and especially flammable
    liquids. Potentially explosive compounds should be disposed of in a
    timely manner to prevent drying. Particularly hazardous chemicals
    (i.e., highly toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, etc.) should be stored
    in an inconspicuous area and labeled to warn personnel of their high
    health hazard.

3.  **Chemical Handling** should be done in a manner that prevents
    accidents and possible exposure to yourself and other personnel.

4.  OSHA recommends two people be in a lab during hazardous chemical
    operations.

5.  Operations involving volatile solvents and particularly hazardous
    substances should be restricted to the fume hood.

6.  All compressed gas cylinders must be adequately secured.

7.  All pressurized or evacuated glass apparatus must be shielded.

Restrictions

The following actions are prohibited in the laboratory:

1.  Eating, drinking, smoking, and application of cosmetics.

2.  Mouth suction or pipeting.

3.  Handling chemicals with bare hands.

4.  Leaving potentially hazardous operations unattended.

5.  Storing chemicals in refrigerators/freezers used for storage of
    food, or using microwave ovens designated for food preparation.

6.  Horseplay.

7.  Intentionally smelling or tasting chemicals.

8.  Storing chemicals on carts in the hallway.

9.  Long hair and loose fitting clothing should confined closed to the
    body.

Personal Protective Equipment

The selection, use, and maintenance of PPE shall be in accordance with
OSHA regulations. All PPE necessary for laboratory work will be provided
by your division or the SECO. The SECO will purchase prescription safety
glasses upon request. General guidelines for use of PPE include:

1.  Eye protection is required for laboratory staff and visitors in
    areas posted "Eye Protection Required."

2.  Chemical goggles and/or face shields shall be worn during chemical
    transfer and handling operations which occur outside a fume hood.

3.  OSHA recommends wearing low heeled shoes with fully covered uppers.
    Sandals should be avoided in the lab.

4.  Lab coats should be worn in the laboratory.

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1.  Gloves should be appropriate for their intended use. For example,
    thin nitrile and latex are appropriate for most laboratory use.
    Thicker neoprene and viton should be used for operations involving
    bulk chemical transfers or operations involving corrosives (e.g.,
    acids/bases).

2.  Respirators should be the last choice of protection unless other
    controls are not possible (e.g., ventilation).

3.  Disposable ear plugs should be warn in high noise level areas.

4.  Face shields/goggles, aprons, and long sleeve gloves should be worn
    when handling concentrated acids or bases.

Procedures for the use of Particularly Hazardous Substances

Particularly hazardous substances are defined as select carcinogens,
reproductive toxins, and substances which have a high degree of acute
toxicity. A comprehensive list of these substances is listed in Appendix
G of the NWFSC Chemical Hygiene Plan. Because of this high degree of
hazard, special procedures and controls are necessary to ensure
protection against health affects. The following control measures should
be incorporated into lab SOPs:

1.  These high hazard substances should be stored in areas clearly
    indicating their hazard.

2.  All operations should be in designated areas -- restricted to fume
    hood, glove box, etc.

3.  Always avoid skin contact by wearing a lab coat, long sleeves,
    appropriate gloves, and eye protection.

4.  Wash hands immediately after working with particularly hazardous
    substances.

5.  Store breakable containers in chemical resistant trays. Be prepared
    for spills.

6.  Decontaminate equipment, including glassware, in the fume hood prior
    to removing them to other areas.

7.  Handle these materials only in fume hoods for which satisfactory
    performance has been confirmed.

8.  If using toxicologically significant quantities of these materials
    on a regular basis (e.g., 3 times per week), consult the SECO about
    possible medical surveillance.

Reports of Unsafe or Unhealthy Conditions

Employees should report any unsafe conditions to their supervisor or the
SECO, either verbally or in writing. The SECO will investigate these
problems as soon as possible.

**EMERGENCY PROCEDURES**

**NWFSC Montlake Facility**

**GENERAL RESPONSIBLITIES**

The Laboratory Staff are responsible for;

9.  Following the procedures outlined in this briefing and the NWFSC
    Emergency Procedures and Contingency Plan,

10. Reporting accidents/injuries to your supervisor, and

11. Reporting emergencies according to this briefing,

All other responsibilities are normally handled by the Safety and
Environmental Compliance Officer (SECO).

IMPORTANT TELEPHONE NUMBERS

Outside Emergency Assistance

Police/Fire/Ambulance 9 - **9-1-1**

U of WA Medical Center -- ER 9 -- **548-4000**

Harborview Medical Center -- ER 9 -- **731-3074**

WA Poison Center 9 -- **1-800-424-8802**

NOAA-Regional Security 9 -- **526-6653**

**NW Fisheries Science Center**

Emergency Coordinator ,

Alternate Emergency Coordinator,

Radiation Safety Officer (RSO),

Assistant RSO,

Chemical Spill Response Team

EVACUATION INSTRUCTIONS

**Staff Evacuation**

The NWFSC Montlake Facility is equipped with an alarm system in all
buildings. This alarm will active if a fire is detected, or if manually
activated. Note: during an emergency, evacuation toward safety is your
number one priority. The protection of equipment, files, etc. should be
considered secondary. In the case of an alarm, staff will evacuate
according to the basic procedures outlined below:

1.  **East Bldg.** occupants will exit down the nearest stairwell and
    out to the east lawn.

2.  **West Bldg.** occupants will exit down the nearest stairwell and
    out to the west lawn.

3.  **Center Bldg.** **(Auditorium, Library, etc.)** occupants will exit
    down the nearest stairwell and out to the east lawn.

4.  **Butler Bldg. Annex** occupants will evacuate through the nearest
    exit and out to the east lawn.

5.  **Aqua Culture Laboratory** occupants will evacuate through the
    nearest exit and out to the east lawn.

6.  **Sockeye Laboratory** occupants will evacuate through the nearest
    exit and out to the east lawn.

All buildings have evacuation maps and illuminated exit signs to assist
personnel in evacuation procedures. Evacuation maps are located near the
exits and stairwells. Once all staff have assembled on the lawn, they
will be given instructions from the building captain regarding when to
reenter. For more detailed information regarding evacuation procedures,
refer to the *NWFSC-Montlake* *Emergency Procedures and Contingency
Plan.*

Persons with Disabilities

Note: each person with disabilities will have two or more monitors
assigned to him/her. The monitors are responsible for assisting the
person in evacuating the work area in case of emergency. Exit via the
nearest stairway (with the assistance of the monitors). DO NOT use the
elevators. Alarm strobe lights are located in the East and West
Buildings to alert hearing impaired employees to an alarm condition.

FIRES

Upon discovering a fire;

1.  exit the room and close the door.

2.  Fire extinguishers are located near the laboratory doors. You may
    choose to extinguish the fire if you feel it can be conducted
    safely. However, you ARE NOT required to do so.

3.  Pull lever on nearest alarm pull box.

4.  Follow normal evacuation procedures (described above).

5.  Once on the lawn, notify building captain of the location of the
    fire. This information will then be communicated (via radio) to the
    Emergency Coordinator and Fire Department.

6.  Stand by and wait for instructions.

BOMB THREATS

Report any phone calls, threats, suspicious packages, etc. to the front
office. They will then inform the appropriate individuals (i.e.,
Management, Emergency Coordinator, etc.) who will contact the Police and
WASC Security Office. The building(s) may be evacuated, if necessary.

EXPLOSION

If an explosion occurs;

1.  Immediately take cover under a desk, table or anything that will
    provide protection from flying glass and debris.

2.  If alarm activated, follow normal evacuation procedures (described
    above).

3.  Follow any additional instructions from floor wardens, Emergency
    Coordinator, or other designated official.

EARTHQUAKE

In case of an earthquake;

4.  Immediately take shelter under a desk, table or anything that will
    provide protection from flying glass and debris.

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1.  If in a laboratory, immediately exit (closing door behind you) and
    take shelter in the hallway, crouching or sitting against the wall.

2.  After initial shock is over, check yourself and those around you for
    injuries. DO NOT reenter your laboratory.

3.  If alarm activated, follow normal evacuation procedures (described
    above).

4.  Follow any additional instructions from floor wardens, Emergency
    Coordinator, or other designated official.

CHEMICAL SPILL

The Center has a designated chemical spill response team (SRT) for the
Montlake Facility. This is a six member team, which has been trained and
equipped to handle chemical cleanup. It is in your best interest to
contact them in the event of a spill, because you may be exposing
yourself to dangerous levels of vapors. Also, this is a service for the
labs and does not cost the division anything. The general criteria for
calling the SRT is listed in the previous Chemical Hygiene Training
briefing. To contact the SRT;

1.  Call **pager number 626-4070**,

2.  At the tone enter (via touch tone phone) the laboratory number
    (e.g., for Lab 223, enter 2-2-3). This will simultaneously page all
    spill team members and give them the location of the incident.

3.  Stay near the laboratory and be prepared to offer information to the
    SRT.

RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL SPILL

In any radiation emergency, protection of personnel is first priority.
Containment and cleanup is secondary. General criteria for calling the
SRT is listed in the previous *Chemical Hygiene Training* briefing*.*
The same procedures listed for contacting the SRT above should followed.
Additionally, you should;

1.  Evacuate the laboratory (closing the door behind you).

2.  Warn others in the area.

3.  Contact the Radiation Safety Officer (RSO) in Rm. 223 (3316 ) or
    Assistant RSO IN Rm. 211 (3344).

4.  Only if the threat is low, cover the spill with absorbent material
    before exiting the area.

POWER OUTAGE

Loss of electricity may result in unsafe conditions in the laboratory
where fume hoods are relied upon to remove airborne contaminants of
volatile chemicals. In the event of a power loss;

1.  Immediately close the fume hood sash.

2.  Open one or more windows.

3.  Exit the laboratory and close the door.

4.  Await instructions from the floor wardens or Emergency Coordinator.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

1.  The Seattle Police and Fire Departments serve the NWFSC Montlake
    Facility, with the capability of responding within 5 minutes.

2.  There is no on-site medical unit located at the Montlake Facility.
    However several people are trained in basic CPR/first aid as well as
    advanced first aid.

3.  The SD's Office and SECO must be informed of all emergency
    incidents. Do not hesitate to call the front office (3200) for
    information, instructions, and advice.

If you have any questions regarding emergency procedures at NWFSC,
contact \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

SAFETY ORIENTATION

For NEW EMPLOYEES

NAME: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
SUPERVISOR:
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

\_

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

SIGNATURE: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
*Acknowledging you have read the above information.*

Return this form to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, Safety and
Environmental Compliance Officer, Room 223.