January 5, 1998

FY 1997 Accomplishments and Highlights:

NIEHS/EPA Superfund Worker Training Program

Since the initiation of the Superfund Worker Training Grants Program in
1987, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
has developed a strong network of non-profit organizations that are
committed to protecting workers and their communities by delivering
high-quality, peer-reviewed safety and health curriculum to target
populations of hazardous waste workers and emergency responders.

The Worker Training Program was originally authorized for five years (FY
87-91) by Congress with the passage of Section 126 of the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA). The program is
administered by NIEHS through an interagency agreement with EPA. During
October 1990, Congress reauthorized the Superfund program for an
additional three years (FY 92-94), which included an authorization of
\$20 million per year for the NIEHS Worker Training Program. For FY 96,
Congress provided \$18.5 million for the NIEHS Worker Training Program.
EPA separately transferred \$2 million to support the continuation of an
initiative for pilot project to train minority youth for careers in the
environmental restoration industry.

Through an Interagency Agreement, NIEHS received \$21 million from the
FY 97 EPA appropriations to support cooperative agreements for providing
model occupational safety and health training for workers and their
supervisors that perform dangerous jobs in the nation\'s hazardous waste
management and remediation programs, as well as for emergency responders
to uncontrolled hazardous materials releases. One million dollars of the
FY 97 funds were allocated to continue support for the Minority Worker
Training Program. EPA transferred \$400,000 to support Superfund Jobs
Training Initiative (Super JTI) activities, which provided additional
funding to NIEHS awardees. Public sector workers receiving training are
primarily from state and local governments. Few federal employees have
been targeted, as there are other means by which they may be trained.

During the first ten years of the Superfund Worker Training Program (FY
87-97), the NIEHS has successfully supported twenty primary awardees.
These represent over ninety different institutions who have trained
nearly 596,000 workers across the country and presented more than 31,000
classroom and hands-on training courses, which have accounted for over
9.0 million contact hours of actual training (See Appendix 1).

Through the encouragement of multi-state, university-based consortiums
and the development of national non-profit organizations which have
focused on specific workforce sectors, this NIEHS program has
established technically-proficient curriculum materials and
quality-controlled course presentations. These courses have been
delivered to hazardous waste workers and emergency responders in every
region of the country and have established new national benchmarks for
quality worker safety and health training. The program also has
represented a major prevention education activity for NIEHS as technical
scientific and basic research information is delivered to target
populations with high-risk toxic exposures.

During the past year (FY 97), training delivery has been carried out in
all regions of the country to all relevant target populations regulated
under 29 CFR 1910.120. The eighteen primary worker training awardees, in
conjunction with over seventy collaborating institutions, have delivered
4,026 courses, reaching 77,658 workers, which account for 1,043,499
contact hours of health and safety training, which ranges from 4 hour
refresher programs through more complex train-the-trainer courses
lasting up to 120 hours in duration. Between September 1, 1996 and
August 31, 1997, 58% of the training has been focused on delivering
CERCLA cleanup worker training, which comprises 31,735 workers who
received 80 hour training, basic 40 hour training or 4-8 hour refresher
courses out of the annual total of workers reached by the program (See
Appendix 2).

For FY 97, major program accomplishments of the Superfund Worker
Training Program include:

1\) **Continuation of a peer-reviewed Worker Training awards for
training of hazardous waste workers, emergency responders and minority
workers\-\--** After the completion of the second program year on the
projected five year long cooperative agreements to support worker
training activities, the 20 organizations submitted progress reports,
training data and year three budget requests and training plans on July
1, 1997. Budget adjustments in the proposed funding plan were based on
the training needs of high-risk populations, national geographic
coverage in training availability and the published program priorities
for training support.

**2) Continued expansion of national training opportunities to
underserved, low literate and non-English-speaking populations\-\--**
Based on review criteria established by NIEHS in 1992 and the
President's Executive Order on Environmental Justice, the NIEHS Worker
Training Awardees continue to implement special initiatives to ensure
that disadvantaged populations who are exposed to hazardous waste and
toxic materials will have meaningful access to high quality safety and
health training. Many of the NIEHS awardees have responded by
translating curricula into appropriate languages and dialects for
non-English speaking waste cleanup workers and forming partnerships with
community organizations in contaminated regions with large minority
populations. Efforts by all awardees have been made to incorporate
environmental justice concerns into program development, outreach to
high-risk target populations, curricular modifications and training
evaluation.

**3) Initiation of national Labor Market Study of Brownfields
Remediation\-\--** In conjunction with the EPA-Superfund Labor Task
Force and EPA-OSWER staff, NIEHS has developed a study protocol to
capture site specific, environmental restoration employment data and
describe the workforce which is involved in brownfields site cleanup
projects. Through a supplemental award to the George Meany Center for
Labor Studies, Ruttenberg & Associates has implemented the study design
to examine specific labor markets where brownfields cleanups have
already been carried out.

Data will be collected and analyzed through 3 to 5 case studies in
regions where brownfields related environmental cleanup projects were
implemented and completed. The data will examine job creation, duration
and impact on the local labor market, as well the impact on related
safety and health training needs. Case studies should also serve as a
guidebook to be utilized in ongoing brownfields cleanup projects in
other geographic locations.

**4) Completion of \"Resource Guide for Evaluating Worker Training: A
Focus on Safety and Health\"** \-\-- During March 1996, NIEHS sponsored
the first national conference on **Measuring and Evaluating the Outcomes
of Hazardous Waste Worker Training** to examine the methods which have
been developed by various programs to document the effectiveness of
training activities. Drawing on public health experts in the evaluation
field, awardee representatives spent two days exploring the
methodological issues that underlie the collection of program
effectiveness data. Breakout sessions examined issues from trainee
comprehension of curricula to outcome results in the workplace after
training had taken place. The significant resources that have been
allocated for NIEHS training awards require that recipients demonstrate
not only effective implementation, but also positive impacts on the
health and safety of trained workers. The findings reported at the
technical workshop clearly demonstrate that NIEHS grantees have
responded to the challenge for program evaluation and have documented
monumental changes in the health and safety of workers and communities
across the United States.

After the technical workshop, an ongoing committee was established to
publish a manual on program evaluation to benefit other organizations
that grapple with safety and health training evaluation issues. This
manual is now available on the Clearinghouse Web Page and is in the
process of final publication.

**5.) Continued operation and support for a national clearinghouse on
hazardous waste worker training \-\--** The Clearinghouse functions as a
link between awardees of NIEHS Worker Training cooperative agreements
and other members of the general public who are concerned with quality
worker health and safety training. Tasks of the Clearinghouse include,
but are not limited to, the distribution of curricula, research work to
support the development of the NIEHS Worker Training Program,
cataloguing of training materials, and other information pertaining to
worker health and safety training for hazardous materials, waste
operations, and emergency response, as well as other related activities.
The Clearinghouse is the information exchange and dissemination
mechanism for 20 worker training programs whose support from the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is intended to set a high standard
for health and safety training to protect workers in the burgeoning
environmental technology sector.

**6) Clearinghouse Virtual Help Desk \-\--** A new initiative for the
Clearinghouse this past year has been the enhanced development of a
World Wide Web page of hazardous waste worker materials, including a
summary of all curricula produced by the program, all technical workshop
reports and the monthly Newsbrief in a download-able format. In order to
enhance the utilization of electronic resources and enhance the public
availability and exchange of technical information in safety and health
resources, a virtual help desk will be maintained by the Clearinghouse.
Assistance will be provided to the awardees of the NIEHS Worker Training
Program in accessing electronically available information resources and
exchanging such data and information.

This task by the Clearinghouse will also include enhancing the existing
Web page and related resources, collecting data on existing computer
technology, linkages to other resources, and direct assistance and
consultations in creating on-line access for individual users and
participating organizations in the NIEHS program. The Help desk program
will increase the use of Web page resources, available LISTSERV
resources, NIEHS FTP site, email exchange, on-line conferencing
capabilities and related electronic resources. The Clearinghouse web
address is: \<http://www.niehs.nih.gov/wetp/clear.htm\>

**7) Minority Worker Training Program Development \-\--** The Minority
Worker Training Program (MWTP) has completed its second year of
successful training of urban young adults throughout the United States.
Training has occurred in 12 cities including: Chicago, IL; Washington,
DC; Baltimore, MD; New Orleans, LO; Atlanta, GA; Jackson, MS; Los
Angeles, CA; San Francisco, CA; Oakland, CA; Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN;
Memphis, TN; New York City, NY and Cleveland, OH.

Our joint efforts with EPA to support Minority Worker Training for
inner-city youth are preparing them for career-path jobs related to
environmental cleanups. In the second year, 341 young people of color
have been trained and approximately 206 placed in jobs. The majority of
these jobs are in carpentry and or construction work, lead, hazardous
waste and asbestos work.

**[Program Accomplishments and Developments:]{.underline}**

For the second year, 70 students were placed in environmental jobs and
136 placed in construction and other job classifications. In two
programs, there were 2 students who choose to pursue college and
associate degrees. The refining of the program has positively helped to
increase job placement rates. There were **180 courses** given
representing **181,904** **contact hours**. This program included over
27 different training courses/subjects (See Appendix 3). The progress
reports indicate successful completion and job placement of graduates of
the program.

The demographics for this training population can be found in Appendix
4. There were approximately 88 percent African American; 11 percent
Hispanic and 1 percent Asian American students. There were approximately
78 percent males and 22 percent females making up the second year the
training program. This year there was an increase in life skills and
career/job development preparation training due to the need to increase
trainee awareness of job market forces and acquiring on the job skills.

In an effort to increase collaboration and partnership between NIEHS and
EPA, staff at NIEHS has been involved in the EPA brownfields and
Superfund Jobs Training Initiative. Under the brownfields Program, NIEHS
staff are active members of the Interagency Working Group that has met
several times during this year to promote and develop an Interagency
Brownfields National Action Agenda. Under a special taskforce
established by the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response a
Sub-Committee on Job Training and Workforce Development has been
established and NIEHS staff are members of that Sub-Committee. The major
goals of this collaboration is to share information between EPA/NIEHS
program regarding brownfields pilots; tie Minority Worker grants closely
to ongoing activities in brownfields pilot cities; and leverage job
training opportunities for residents of brownfields pilots communities.

The Super JTI within the Superfund Community Involvement and Outreach
Center of the Office of Emergency and Remedial Response has been working
closely with our program to help forge a new partnership. The EPA
Regional Offices have also worked with our program to promote this
collaboration. This partnership has allowed two programs with similar
goals, the Super JTI and the MWTP, to share resources and establish a
framework to provide additional training to other priority Superfund
sites across the US. The priority Super JTI sites include: East Palo
Alto, CA; Granite City, IL; New Orleans, IL; Albuquerque, NM; Memphis,
TN; Dallas, TX; and Wingate, FL. Because of this interaction, 5 new
training sites are planned for year 3 to provide training of residents
surrounding Superfund sites in East Palo Alto, CA, Granite City, IL, New
Orleans, IL, Albuquerque, NM; and Dallas, TX.

Several programs have continued to make strides in the development of
quality worker training programs.

-   The Carpenters Health & Safety Fund trained 170 students and has
    placed 61% of its second year graduates in environmental and
    construction jobs in over 6 cities. Their students participated in
    environmental training, basic construction skills training, job
    development, job referral, mentoring, GET and or enrollment in a
    union apprenticeship program. A hallmark of the Carpenters program
    is the success of students in the Carpenters Union Apprenticeship
    Program. Through the apprenticeship program and
    partnerships/collaborations with other programs, such as HUD, City
    Housing Local Offices, and EPA Regional Offices, the Carpenters are
    able to provide an extensive network with contractors and major
    construction developments across the US. The New Orleans program has
    a 97% placement rate. Many of the graduates are employed by the
    International Brotherhood of Painters and Allied Trades New Orleans
    Local Signatory contractor at the New Orleans Arena. The program in
    Oakland, CA at the Cypress Mandela Training Center has a 78%
    placement rate with graduates in the apprenticeship program working
    in various trades at an apprenticeship rate of approximately \$10
    hour. Also in California, the Los Angeles training center has
    graduated students to entry level jobs in freeway bridge
    retrofitting, refinery turn-arounds, general construction in such as
    areas as the Alameda Corridor, re-use of Long Beach Navy property
    and the New Hyperian Plant expansion. Since these projects generally
    require remediation of some type, the additional certifications
    provide the participants with the needed skills to continue working
    in this job market. According to a labor market survey conducted by
    the State of California\'s Employment Development Department,
    California will have 250,000 environmental workers by 1997. The
    California programs have prepared these students for entry into that
    job market.

-   Clark Atlanta University with a collaboration with Xavier University
    and the Laborers were able to place many graduates at EPA projects
    removing insecticide in Houma and Fischer Housing Developments in
    New Orleans and with environmental consultants working on the oil
    spills and lead and asbestos Removal projects in New Orleans and
    Atlanta. With other funding obtained by Clark-Environmental Justice
    Resource Center from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease
    Registry, students were able to receive training in Indoor
    Environmental Assessment. This training enabled students to
    participate and obtain employment for the assessments conducted in
    the Atlanta Empowerment Zone Project. This additional component
    helped trainees learn specific skills for placement, survival, and
    upward mobility on the job.

-   New Jersey/New York Consortium was able to provide training for an
    additional 25 students from a grant from the New York City Housing
    Authority due to the excellent job placement and success in their
    program. Also a formal agreement between New York City Department of
    Environmental Protection was formed to allow students to conduct
    soil testing on City-owned brownfields properties.

-   DePaul University as part of the sustainability plan for the MWTP
    has made a concerted effort in disseminating and promoting its
    program model to other potential Superfund and brownfield sites. A
    major focus of the project is to establish linkages with these sites
    in order that the MWT model can be replicated. DePaul has succeeded
    in establishing a replication site in East Palo Alto, CA with plans
    for another site in Granite City, IL. DePaul was awarded a
    Youthbuild planning grant which enabled them to provide additional
    environmental training and stipends for more students. In addition,
    the Center for Workforce Literacy (CWE) partners with DePaul in the
    MWTP successfully obtained a developmental grant from Coors Brewing
    Company to the project. The grant goals are to develop a
    fund-development videotape; analyze the project to date and
    recommend ways in which it can be expanded to other populations and
    into other industries; and develop and package the specific
    training, administrative, and support elements of the program for
    use at multiple sites and with multiple industries.

8\) **NIEHS National Trainers Exchange** \-\-- The second NIEHS National
Trainers Exchange was held in Manhattan Beach, CA, April 9-11. The
Exchange began with an Environmental Justice tour of Southeast LA. The
130 attendees of the Trainers Exchange participated in various
activities such as a panel session entitled \"NIEHS Worker Training
Program After Ten Years: Accomplishments, Challenges, and New
Directions,\" an interactive workshop demonstrations, which included
icebreakers and participatory activities, and a roundtable discussions
ranging from evaluating the impact of your program to new ideas for
train-the-trainer programs.

**9) Minimum Criteria for Train-the-Trainer Programs in hazardous waste
operations and emergency response \-\--** Key to the success of the
Superfund Worker Training Program has been the continuing development of
trainers at the local level throughout the United States. NIEHS is
undertaking an effort to inventory Train-the-Trainer Programs for
hazardous waste workers and emergency responders in order to examine the
characteristics of successful programs. It is the goal of this effort to
establish a national consensus for how to maintain the delivery of high
quality HAZWOPER training through the ongoing support and development of
both professional and worker trainers. This national development of a
minimum criteria document will include a state of the art discussion
concerning the current status of the unique characteristics of
train-the-trainer programs which will include the content of training
programs, mechanisms for ongoing support of peer trainers, and minimum
qualifications for trainers in 1910.120 programs. Information will be
collected and catalogued from NIEHS Worker Training awardees who will
document the processes and content of existing trainer programs,
refresher and tune-up activities, and other activities which assure the
ongoing technical competency of trainers supported by NIEHS programs.

The goal of the upcoming NIEHS technical workshop on worker-trainers is
to provide programs that rely on worker trainers an opportunity to share
common concerns and lessons learned. One of the workshop's concrete
objectives is to produce a draft of a practical guide to worker trainer
programs that establishes minimum criteria for such programs of use to
NIEHS grantees, their staffs, trainers, and others.

**10) Training Partnerships Workshop \-\--** During February 1997, a
national workshop was held to examine the characteristics of successful
training partnerships. The keynote speaker for this event was Tim
Fields, Acting Assistant Administrator of the US EPA. The results of the
Successful Training Partnership: Lessons Learned Workshop continues
efforts toward finding better ways of providing worker health and safety
training. Again, representatives of widely diverse interests were
assembled to explore what constitutes successful training partnerships.
Perhaps it is no surprise that certain the themes such as trust,
honesty, and commitment to cooperation and other fundamental values
emerge as keys to success, yet their re-discovery through the lively
discussion, animated inquiry and positive energy of the workshop are a
reaffirmation of those who were involved and a compass for others
through this record.

Partnerships have been key to the NIEHS worker training program\'s
successful training of over half a million workers in how to better
protect themselves and the communities in which they work from
work-related harm. Lessons we have learned about how partnerships
contribute to these successes form the basis of this workshop report.
The workshop report on characteristics of successful training
partnerships has been published and widely distributed.

**Summary**

In administering the Superfund Worker Training Program through an
Interagency Agreement with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
the NIEHS ensures that the traditional peer review process of the
National Institutes of Health (NIH) provides the essential framework for
the oversight of grant application reviews, and guidance of the program
with grants management activities and ongoing program administration.
Technical experts in toxicology, industrial hygiene, labor education and
hazardous waste management from both the public and private sectors have
played an ongoing role in assuring that NIEHS supported programs
demonstrate high technical merit and adhere to stringent standards for
quality control through periodic site reviews and an ongoing peer review
process.

The NIEHS/EPA Superfund Worker Training Program must continue to meet
the Superfund-related national environmental goals of protecting:
communities from exposures to wastes at abandoned dumpsites and
currently operating facilities and from exposures related to the
storage, treatment and disposal of waste; those who live and work in
communities affected by EPA brownfields and environmental justice
initiatives; and everyone who works with disease-causing hazardous
materials. These goals will be achieved by responding to the nation's
changing needs for worker training in the area of hazardous waste
operations and emergency response to hazardous materials. The NIEHS
model programs will continue to encourage innovation for training
difficult-to-reach populations. This program is addressing issues such
as literacy, appropriate adult education techniques, training quality
improvement and other areas unaddressed directly by the market place.
The program enhances rather than replaces private sector training by
demonstrating new and cost-effective training techniques and materials.

Based on our program experience over the past ten years, the NIEHS will
continue to use cooperative agreements as the appropriate mechanism for
making awards to non-profit training organizations for fiscal years
1995-99. Because of the substantial programmatic involvement by NIEHS
staff to ensure the consistency, appropriateness and technical
reliability of funded training programs, the use of cooperative
agreements appear to be a more suitable instrument for supporting
extramural training of hazardous waste workers and emergency responders
and assuring the delivery of high quality safety and health programs to
high-risk populations.

Appendix 1: Ten Year Summary

+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| NIEHS Worker    |               |               |                  |
| Training        |               |               |                  |
| Program:        |               |               |                  |
|                 |               |               |                  |
| Ten Year        |               |               |                  |
| Summary         |               |               |                  |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| YEAR            | COURSES       | WORKERS       | CONTACT HOURS    |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| 1988            | 623           | 12,319        | 261,542          |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| 1989            | 1,353         | 29,429        | 519,992          |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| 1990            | 3,267         | 76,489        | 995,534          |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| 1991            | 2,731         | 58,637        | 874,673          |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| 1992            | 2,973         | 64,985        | 1,085,461        |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| 1993            | 2,653         | 55,644        | 782,225          |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| 1994            | 4,025         | 65,716        | 1,101,758        |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| 1995            | 4,665         | 81,245        | 1,391,107        |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| 1996            | 4,752         | 73,724        | 1,087,297        |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| 1997(1)         | 4,026         | 77,658        | 1,043,499        |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+
| TOTAL           | 31,068        | 595,846       | 9,143,088        |
+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------------+

> 1\) Data are incomplete for one program.

Appendix 2: Target Populations

+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| NIEHS Worker |        |        |        |        |        |        |
| Training     |        |        |        |        |        |        |
| Program:     |        |        |        |        |        |        |
|              |        |        |        |        |        |        |
| ## Target    |        |        |        |        |        |        |
|  Populations |        |        |        |        |        |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| Target       | \#     | \%     | \#     | \%     | \#     | \%     |
|              |        |        |        | W      |        |        |
| Populations  | C      | C      | W      | orkers | C      | C      |
|              | ourses | ourses | orkers |        | ontact | ontact |
|              |        |        |        | T      | Hours  | Hours  |
|              | #      | Com    | T      | rained |        |        |
|              | ## Com | pleted | rained |        |        |        |
|              | pleted |        |        |        |        |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| CERCLA       | 1,858  | 46%    | 31,735 | 41%    | 6      | 58%    |
| Cleanup(1)   |        |        |        |        | 01,030 |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| RCR          | 450    | 11%    | 12,709 | 16%    | 1      | 11%    |
| A/Industrial |        |        |        |        | 12,760 |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| Emergency    | 892    | 22%    | 17,853 | 23%    | 1      | 18%    |
| Response     |        |        |        |        | 90,332 |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| Radiation    | 23     | 1%     | 276    | 1%     | 6,744  | 1%     |
| Protection   |        |        |        |        |        |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| Lead         | 15     | 0%     | 180    | 0%     | 2,591  | 0%     |
| Abatement    |        |        |        |        |        |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| Asbestos     | 20     | 1%     | 153    | 0%     | 3,232  | 0%     |
| Abatement    |        |        |        |        |        |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| Hazmat       | 117    | 3%     | 1,297  | 2%     | 11,302 | 1%     |
| Transport    |        |        |        |        |        |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| Misc.        | 651    | 16%    | 13,455 | 17%    | 1      | 11%    |
| Training     |        |        |        |        | 15,508 |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| **FY 97      | **4    | **     | **77   | **     | *      | **     |
| Totals**     | ,026** | 100%** | ,658** | 100%** | *1,043 | 100%** |
|              |        |        |        |        | ,499** |        |
+--------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+

1\) The overall majority of training remains in the CERCLA cleanup
training.

[Appendix 3:]{.underline} Second Year Summary of Type and Number of
Courses

+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| NIEHS/EPA Minority Worker Training         |                         |
| Program:                                   |                         |
|                                            |                         |
| ## Second                                  |                         |
| Year Summary of Type and Number of Courses |                         |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Superfund Site Worker                      | 15                      |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Site Worker Refresher                      | 1                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| # Emergency Response Awareness             | 1                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Lead Abatement                             | 26                      |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Lead Abatement Worker Refresher            | 1                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Asbestos Abatement Worker Basic            | 8                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| # Asbestos Abatement Worker Refresher      | 2                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| # Asbestos Abatement Supervisor            | 1                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| # Confined Space Training                  | 4                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Environmental Preparation                  | 2                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| # Hazardous Waste Operations               | 2                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Evaluation of Industrial Ventilation       | 1                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Construction Skills                        | 9                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Welding                                    | 2                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| # Electrical Training                      | 2                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Math                                       | 11                      |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Reading/Writing                            | 12                      |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| First Aid                                  | 7                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Adult CPR                                  | 7                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Physical Fitness                           | 6                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Mentoring/Career Guidance                  | 17                      |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| GED Training & Certification               | 5                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Life Skills                                | 17                      |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Environmental Sampling                     | 4                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| Environmental Justice                      | 7                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| General Construction Safety                | 9                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+
| General Industry Safety/Plant Operation    | 1                       |
+--------------------------------------------+-------------------------+

[Appendix 4:]{.underline} Demographics

+----------------+--------+--------+------+-----------------+--------+
| **NIEHS/EPA    |        |        |      |                 |        |
| Minority       |        |        |      |                 |        |
| Worker         |        |        |      |                 |        |
| Training       |        |        |      |                 |        |
| Program:**     |        |        |      |                 |        |
|                |        |        |      |                 |        |
| **             |        |        |      |                 |        |
| DEMOGRAPHICS** |        |        |      |                 |        |
+----------------+--------+--------+------+-----------------+--------+
| **STUDENTS**   | 341    |        |      |                 |        |
+----------------+--------+--------+------+-----------------+--------+
| **ETHNICITY**  | [      | [HIS   | [AS  | [NATIVE         | [PAC.  |
|                | BLACK] | PANIC] | IAN] | AMERIC          | ISL.]  |
|                | {.unde | {.unde | {.un | AN]{.underline} | {.unde |
|                | rline} | rline} | derl |                 | rline} |
|                |        |        | ine} | 1%              |        |
|                | 88%    | 11%    |      |                 |        |
|                |        |        | 1%   |                 |        |
+----------------+--------+--------+------+-----------------+--------+
| **GENDER**     | [MALE] |        |      |                 |        |
|                | {.unde |        |      |                 |        |
|                | rline} |        |      |                 |        |
|                |        |        |      |                 |        |
|                | 78%    |        |      |                 |        |
+----------------+--------+--------+------+-----------------+--------+

> \* Data are incomplete for two programs.