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| ![](med     |                               | **Advisory Circular** |
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| **U.S.      |                               |                       |
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+-------------+-------------------------------+-----------------------+

**Subject:** SPECIFICATION FOR SERIES **Date:** 6/30/05 **AC No**:
150/5345-47B

TO SERIES ISOLATION TRANSFORMERS **Initiated by:** AAS-100 **Change**:

FOR AIRPORT LIGHTING SYSTEMS

1.  **PURPOSE.** This advisory circular (AC) contains the Federal
    Aviation Administration (FAA) specifications for series to series
    isolation transformers for use in airport lighting systems.

2.  **EFFECTIVE DATE**. Effective six months after the issue date of
    this AC, only that equipment qualified in accordance with the
    specifications herein will be listed in accordance with AC
    150/5345-53, *Airport Lighting Equipment Certification Program*.

3.  **CANCELLATION.** AC 150/5345-47A, *Isolation Transformers for
    Airport Lighting Systems,* dated July 28, 1975, is cancelled.

4.  **APPLICATION.** The specifications contained in this AC are
    recommended by the FAA in all applications involving development of
    this nature. For airport projects receiving Federal funds under the
    airport grant assistance or the passenger facility charge programs,
    the use of this specification is mandatory.

5.  **PRINCIPAL CHANGES.** The following principal changes are
    incorporated:

    a.  The reference documents list has been updated.

    b.  Specifications for new types of isolation transformers for lower
        wattage lighting fixtures have been added.

    c.  Specifications for allowable leakage currents and isolation
        transformer insulation tests have been revised.

6.  **METRIC UNITS.** To promote an orderly transition to metric units,
    this specification includes both "English" and "Metric" dimensions.
    The metric conversions may not be exact equivalents and until there
    is an official changeover to the metric system the English
    dimensions will govern.

![](media/image2.png){width="2.5881944444444445in"
height="0.6041666666666666in"}

DAVID L. BENNETT

Director of Airport Safety and Standards

**Intentionally Left Blank**

TABLE OF CONTENTS

[CHAPTER 1. SCOPE AND CLASSIFICATION
1](#chapter-1.-scope-and-classification.)

[1.1 Scope. 1](#scope.)

[1.2 Classification. 1](#classification.)

[CHAPTER 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS. 3](#chapter-2.-referenced-documents.)

[2.1 General. 3](#general.)

[2.2 FAA Advisory Circulars. 3](#faa-advisory-circulars.)

[2.3 American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Standards.
3](#american-society-for-testing-materials-astm-standards.)

[2.4 Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) Standards.
3](#institute-of-electrical-and-electronic-engineers-ieee-standards.)

[2.5 Joint Insulated Cable Engineers Association (ICEA) and National
Electronic Manufacturer\'s Association (NEMA).
3](#joint-insulated-cable-engineers-association-icea-and-national-electronic-manufacturers-association-nema.)

[CHAPTER 3. SERIES TO SERIES ISOLATION TRANSFORMER EQUIPMENT
REQUIREMENTS
5](#chapter-3.-series-to-series-isolation-transformer-equipment-requirements.)

[3.1 Component Parts. 5](#component-parts.)

[3.2 Materials. 5](#materials.)

[3.3 Design and Construction. 5](#design-and-construction.)

[3.3.1 Windings. 5](#windings.)

[3.3.2 Operating Conditions. 6](#operating-conditions.)

[3.3.3 Frequency. 6](#frequency.)

[3.3.4 Electrical Characteristics. 6](#electrical-characteristics.)

[3.4 Component Details. 6](#component-details.)

[3.4.1 Case. 6](#case.)

[3.4.2 Transformer Leads. 8](#transformer-leads.)

[3.5 Weight. 9](#weight.)

[3.6 Nameplate. 9](#nameplate.)

[3.7 Workmanship 10](#workmanship.)

[CHAPTER 4. EQUIPMENT QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.
11](#chapter-4.-equipment-qualification-requirements.)

[4.1 Qualification Procedures. 11](#qualification-procedures.)

[4.2 Qualification Tests. 11](#qualification-tests.)

[4.2.1 Characteristics Test. 11](#characteristics-test.)

[4.2.2 Shock Test. 12](#shock-test.)

[4.2.3 Post Shock/Rigidity Test 12](#post-shockrigidity-test.)

[4.2.4 Insulation Resistance. 12](#insulation-resistance.)

[4.2.5 Temperature Rise. 14](#temperature-rise.)

[CHAPTER 5. PRODUCTION TEST REQUIREMENTS.
15](#chapter-5.-production-test-requirements.)

[5.1 Production Tests. 15](#production-tests.)

[5.1.2 Ratio Test. 15](#ratio-test.)

[5.1.3 Insulation Testing. 15](#insulation-testing.)

[5.1.4 Inspect for Voids. 15](#inspect-for-voids.)

a.  

**Intentionally Left Blank**

# CHAPTER 1. SCOPE AND CLASSIFICATION. {#chapter-1.-scope-and-classification. .Style-Heading-1-+-Left:--0\"-First-line:--0\"}

## 1.1 Scope. 

This specification details the certification requirements for series to
series isolation transformers for use in airport lighting systems.

## 1.2 Classification. 

Transformers are designated as type L-830 for 60 Hz operation and type
L-831 for 50 Hz operation. A numerical suffix identifies the wattage and
current rating. The following transformers are included in this
specification.

Table 1. Transformer Types

+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| # TYPE    | **TYPE**  | **WATTAGE**  | **PRIMARY**  | *            |
| {#type .S |           |              |              | *SECONDARY** |
| tyle-Head | **50 Hz** |              | **AMPS**     |              |
| ing-1-+-L |           |              |              | **AMPS**     |
| eft:--0\" |           |              |              |              |
| -First-li |           |              |              |              |
| ne:--0\"} |           |              |              |              |
|           |           |              |              |              |
| **60 Hz** |           |              |              |              |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-1   | L-831-1   | 30/45        | 6.6          | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-2   | L-831-2   | 30/45        | 20.0         | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-3   | L-831-3   | 65           | 6.6          | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-4   | L-831-4   | 100          | 6.6          | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-5   | L-831-5   | 100          | 20.0         | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-6   | L-831-6   | 200          | 6.6          | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-7   | L-831-7   | 200          | 20.0         | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-8   | L-831-8   | 300          | 6.6          | 20.0         |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-9   | L-831-9   | 300          | 20.0         | 20.0         |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-10  | L-831-10  | 300          | 6.6          | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-11  | L-831-11  | 300          | 20.0         | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-12  | L-831-12  | 500          | 6.6          | 20.0         |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-13  | L-831-13  | 500          | 20.0         | 20.0         |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-14  | L-831-14  | 500          | 6.6          | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-15  | L-831-15  | 500          | 20.0         | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-16  | L-831-16  | 10/15        | 6.6          | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-17  | L-831-17  | 20/25        | 6.6          | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-18  | L-831-18  | 150          | 6.6          | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+
| L-830-19  | L-831-19  | 150          | 20.0         | 6.6          |
+-----------+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+

**Intentionally Left Blank**

# CHAPTER 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS.  {#chapter-2.-referenced-documents. .Style-Heading-1-+-Left:--0\"-First-line:--0\"}

## 2.1 General. 

The following is a listing of documents applicable to the extent
referenced in this advisory circular.

## 2.2 FAA Advisory Circulars. 

AC 150/5345-26 *FAA Specification for L-823 Plug and Receptacle,*

*Cable Connectors*

AC 150/5345-53 *Airport Lighting Equipment Certification Program*

## 2.3 American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) Standards.

D 2240 *Standard Test Method for Rubber Property - Durometer Hardness*

> D 4247 *General Purpose Black Heavy-duty and Black Extra Heavy-duty
> Crosslinked Polychloroprene Jackets for Wire and Cable*

## 2.4 Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) Standards.

> C57.12.91-2001 *IEEE Standard Test Code for Dry-Type Distribution and
> Power Transformers*

## 2.5 Joint Insulated Cable Engineers Association (ICEA) and National Electronic Manufacturer\'s Association (NEMA).

> ICEA S-95-658/ NEMA WC 70 *Non-shielded 0-2kV Power Cables*
>
> ICEA S-96-659/NEMA WC 71 *Standard for Non-shielded Cables Rated
> 2001-5000 Volts for use in the Distribution of Electrical Energy*

Copies of FAA advisory circulars may be obtained from:

> [U.S. Department of Transportation]{.underline}
>
> Subsequent Distribution
>
> Office Ardmore East Business Center
>
> 3341 Q 75^th^ Ave.
>
> Landover, MD 20785
>
> Phone: (301) 322-4961

FAA ACs are available on the FAA Airports AC web page:

> <http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/airports/resources/advisory_circulars/>

Copies of ASTM standards may be obtained from:

> [American Society for Testing and Materials]{.underline}
>
> 1916 Race Street
>
> Philadelphia, PA 19103
>
> Phone: (215)299-5400

Copies of IEEE Standards may be obtained from:

> [IEEE Customer Service]{.underline}\
> 445 Hoes Lane\
> PO Box.1331\
> Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331
>
> Fax: ( 732)981-9667
>
> E-mail: onlineproducts@ieee.org

Copies of joint ICEA/NEMA standards may be obtained from:

> [Global Engineering Documents]{.underline}
>
> 15 Inverness Way East\
> Englewood, CO 80112, USA\
> \
> Phone: (800) 854-7179 or (303) 397-7956
>
> Fax: (303) 397-2740\
> \
> Email: global@ihs.com
>
> Website: [http://global.ihs.com](http://global.ihs.com/)

# CHAPTER 3. SERIES TO SERIES ISOLATION TRANSFORMER EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS. {#chapter-3.-series-to-series-isolation-transformer-equipment-requirements. .Style-Heading-1-+-Left:--0\"-First-line:--0\"}

## 3.1 Component Parts.

**NOTE:** *The series to series isolation transformers will be referred
to in all subsequent paragraphs as*

*"transformers."*

The transformers must consist of electrically separate primary and
secondary coils wound upon a core and encapsulated in a watertight case
with rubber (or an equivalent rubber-like material) connectors molded on
the primary and secondary leads.

## 3.2 Materials. 

Materials must be as specified in this document. When materials are not
specifically designated, they must be of the best commercial quality and
suitable for the design purpose.

## 3.3 Design and Construction.

a.  The transformers must be designed and constructed so that no parts
    will work loose in service. All transformer electrical connections
    must be permanent.

b.  Transformers must be built to withstand strains, jars, vibrations
    and any other conditions incident to shipping, storage,
    installation, and service.

c.  Transformers must be designed to operate when immersed in water and
    buried in the ground (with runway deicing agents present, e.g.,
    sodium formate, potassium acetate, ethylene/propylene glycol, and
    salt).

d.  The shape and design of the transformers is optional provided all
    the requirements in this specification are met.

e.  Transformers must be designed to meet this specification when
    operated in any orientation.

### 3.3.1 Windings.  {#windings. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

a.  The transformer primary and secondary windings must be insulated
    from each other and the core.

b.  Windings on the core assembly must be wound tightly and secured
    prior to molding to reduce the possibility of loose turns being
    forced close to the outer surface during pressure-molding
    operations.

c.  Transformers must be designed to operate indefinitely with short or
    open-circuit loads placed on the secondary winding with the rated
    current and frequency input applied on the primary winding.

d.  The transformers must have sufficient capacity to allow for lamp
    aging, secondary lead losses, and contact losses.

### 3.3.2 Operating Conditions.  {#operating-conditions. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

a.  The transformers must be constructed for continuous outdoor service
    at temperatures from -67 to 149 degrees Fahrenheit (F) (-55 to +65
    Celsius (C)).

b.  Transformers must operate properly when buried in the ground and
    submerged in water with up to 5,000 volts between the primary
    winding and ground.

### 3.3.3 Frequency.  {#frequency. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

Transformers must be designed to operate at their rated frequency*.*

### 3.3.4 Electrical Characteristics.  {#electrical-characteristics. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

Isolation transformers electrical characteristics must be per Table 2.

**[Table 2. Isolation Transformer Electrical
Characteristics]{.underline}**

+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| Type | W   | P   | M   | Min.  | Seco  | Se      | Lo | Secondary |
|      | att | rim | in. |       | ndary | condary | ad |           |
|      | age | ary |     | Effic |       |         |    | Maximum   |
|      |     |     | Po  | iency | Full  | Short   | Oh |           |
|      |     | A   | wer |       | Load  | Ci      | ms | Open      |
|      |     | mps |     | (Per  |       | rcuited |    | Circuit   |
|      |     |     | Fac | cent) | Am    |         |    |           |
|      |     |     | tor |       | peres | Amperes |    | Voltage - |
|      |     |     |     |       |       |         |    | RMS       |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-8  | 30  | 6.6 | 0   | 80    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 1. | 25        |
| 30-1 | /45 |     | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 15 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-8  | 30  | 2   | 0   | 80    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 1. | 25        |
| 30-2 | /45 | 0.0 | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 15 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-8  | 65  | 6.6 | 0   | 80    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 1. | 30        |
| 30-3 |     |     | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 60 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-8  | 100 | 6.6 | 0   | 85    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 2. | 70        |
| 30-4 |     |     | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 44 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-8  | 100 | 2   | 0   | 85    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 2. | 70        |
| 30-5 |     | 0.0 | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 44 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-8  | 200 | 6.6 | 0   | 90    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 4. | 100       |
| 30-6 |     |     | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 82 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-8  | 200 | 2   | 0   | 90    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 4. | 100       |
| 30-7 |     | 0.0 | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 82 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-8  | 300 | 6.6 | 0   | 90    | 1     | 20.0 -  | 0. | 70        |
| 30-8 |     |     | .95 |       | 9.8 - | 22.0    | 90 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 20.2  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-8  | 300 | 2   | 0   | 90    | 1     | 20.0 -  | 0. | 70        |
| 30-9 |     | 0.0 | .95 |       | 9.8 - | 22.0    | 90 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 20.2  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-83 | 300 | 6.6 | 0   | 90    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 8. | 135       |
| 0-10 |     |     | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 25 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-83 | 300 | 2   | 0   | 90    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 8. | 135       |
| 0-11 |     | 0.0 | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 25 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-83 | 500 | 6.6 | 0   | 90    | 1     | 20.0 -  | 1. | 70        |
| 0-12 |     |     | .95 |       | 9.8 - | 22.0    | 35 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 20.2  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-83 | 500 | 2   | 0   | 90    | 1     | 20.0 -  | 1. | 70        |
| 0-13 |     | 0.0 | .95 |       | 9.8 - | 22.0    | 35 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 20.2  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-83 | 500 | 6.6 | 0   | 90    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 12 | 230       |
| 0-14 |     |     | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | .0 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-83 | 500 | 2   | 0   | 90    | 6.53  | 6.6 -   | 12 | 230       |
| 0-15 |     | 0.0 | .95 |       | -6.67 | 7.1     | .0 |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-83 | 10  | 6.6 | 0   | 70    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 0. | 8.0       |
| 0-16 | /15 |     | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 34 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-83 | 20  | 6.6 | 0   | 70    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 0. | 8.0       |
| 0-17 | /25 |     | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 57 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-83 | 150 | 6.6 | 0   | 85    | 6     | 6.6 -   | 3. | 70        |
| 0-18 |     |     | .95 |       | .53 - | 7.1     | 58 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 6.67  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+
| L-83 | 150 | 2   | 0   | 85    | 1     | 6.6 -   | 3. | 70        |
| 0-19 |     | 0.0 | .95 |       | 9.8 - | 7.1     | 58 |           |
|      |     |     |     |       | 20.2  |         |    |           |
+------+-----+-----+-----+-------+-------+---------+----+-----------+

**NOTE 1:** *Voltage ratings must be: primary winding - 5,000 Volts;
secondary winding- 600 Volts.*

**NOTE 2:** *Table also applies to type L-831 Transformers.*

## 3.4 Component Details.

### 3.4.1 Case.  {#case. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

a.  Transformers must be encapsulated in a permanently sealed watertight
    case.

b.  No portion of the transformer case may be less than 0.25 inch
    (6.35 mm) thick.

c.  The transformer case must be free of any cracks, blisters, and
    holes.

d.  Sharp corners and edges of the core and coil assembly must not cut
    or penetrate the sealed case if the transformer is dropped or
    handled roughly.

e.  The transformer case must be constructed so that moisture
    penetrating the leads or connectors cannot be conducted along the
    lead length and enter the transformer windings.

f.  The transformer case must be fabricated with material formed
    directly on the core/coil assembly or pre-formed and compound
    filled.

g.  The case material used must meet the requirements of ASTM D 4247 and
    D 2240.

h.  The case minimum strength requirements must be at least the
    following:

    1.  Tensile strength must be 1200 pounds per square inch (psi) or 84
        kilograms (kg)/square centimeter (cm^2^).

    2.  Tensile strength after 96 hours oxygen bomb test must be 1000
        psi or 70 kg/cm^2^.

    3.  Tensile strength after 168 hours in an oven at 157° - 159° F
        (69°C - 71°C) must be 1000 psi (70 kg/cm^2^).

    4.  Durometer hardness must be 65 ± 10 measured per ASTM D 2240.

i.  The transformer assembly must have no internal air pockets.

j.  The transformer must withstand exposure to sunlight, oil, gasoline,
    water, runway deicing fluids, and acid/alkaline soils for the
    10-year service life of the transformer.

k.  The transformer must be designed so it may be installed upright or
    lying on any side.

l.  The transformer must easily fit into a cylinder 8 inches (in.) (20.3
    centimeters (cm)) diameter by 10 in. (25.4 cm) height.

m.  The junction of the case and lead sheath must not crack or be
    damaged when the transformer is carried by one lead or when the
    leads are bent or twisted during testing and installation.

    1.  The case must provide both a watertight junction and reinforcing
        area for the leads.

    2.  The transformer case lead reinforcing area must be at least 25
        percent greater than the outside diameter of the connecting
        leads.

    3.  The reinforcing area may be a cone shape around individual leads
        or a continuous ridge enclosing all three leads.

    4.  The transformer case reinforced area must form an integral bond
        with the cable sheath inside the cone or ridge.

n.  The case of the completed transformer must be firm to the touch at
    all points and show no permanent indentation marks when subjected to
    finger pressure.

### 3.4.2 Transformer Leads.  {#transformer-leads. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

a.  The transformer must be provided with a two conductor secondary lead
    and two single conductor primary leads.

b.  Lead connections may be of the solder or solderless crimp type.

c.  If solderless connectors are used in joining leads to the
    transformer windings, they must be designed for the application and
    properly installed per the manufacturer's instructions.

d.  Care must be exercised during and after molding operations to ensure
    sufficient clearance exists between the transformer winding
    connections.

e.  All three leads must emerge from one end of the transformer -
    spacing and arrangement are optional, provided all other
    specifications are met.

f.  The leads must be fastened to the transformer so that carrying or
    lifting it by a single lead will not loosen the electrical
    connections or adversely affect its watertight properties.

g.  The length of all transformer leads must be measured from the
    connector face to the junction at the transformer case.

#### 3.4.2.1 Primary Leads. 

a.  Equip one primary lead (H1) with a Style 2 plug type connector
    certified to AC 150/5345-26.

b.  Equip the other primary lead (H2) with a Style 9 receptacle
    certified to AC 150/5345-26.

c.  Use No. 8 American Wire Gauge (AWG) wire (minimum 6 millimeters
    squared (mm^2^)), 19 strand minimum cable insulated for not less
    than 5,000 volts and conforming to:

    1.  ICEA S-96-659/NEMA WC 71, *Standard for Non-shielded Cables
        Rated 2001-5000 Volts for use in the Distribution of Electrical
        Energy.*

    2.  Other insulation materials may be used provided that they meet
        or exceed the physical and electrical requirements in
        3.4.2.1c(1).

d.  Extend each primary winding lead, including the connector, 24.0
    inches ± 3.0 inches (60 cm ± 7.5 cm) beyond the transformer housing.

#### 3.4.2.2 Secondary Leads.

a.  The transformer secondary lead must be equipped with a Style 7 or 8
    receptacle certified to AC 150/5345-26.

b.  The transformer secondary leads must be two conductor No. 12 or 14
    AWG (minimum 2 mm^2^) 600 volt rated cable meeting the requirements
    of ICEA S-95-658/ NEMA WC-70.

\(1\) Other insulation materials may be used provided that they meet or
exceed the physical and electrical requirements above.

**c.** The secondary lead receptacle must be wired so the large contact
will connect to the X1 lead of the transformer secondary and the smaller
contact will connect to the X2 lead.

**d.** The secondary lead cable, including the cable connector, must be
extended 48.0 in. ± 3.0 in. (120 cm ± 7.5 cm) from the transformer
housing.

#### 3.4.2.3 Protective Caps. 

a.  A water resistant cap must be supplied that protects the transformer
    lead connectors mating parts from both moisture and dirt during
    shipping and handling.

b.  Caps must be securely held in place by cap friction fit, heat shrink
    tubing, or electrical tape.

c.  If electrical tape is used to secure a cap, the tape adhesive must
    not leave residues that collect dirt or inhibit the adhesion of
    cable wraps.

## 3.5 Weight. 

The transformer weight must be the minimum possible and consistent with
good design practices.

## 3.6 Nameplate. 

a.  Transformer markings must be molded on the surface of the
    transformer case.

b.  Transformer identification markings must be permanent and withstand
    environmental tests and normal use.

c.  The recommended and minimum text character heights must be:

  -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  Character Height (Centimeters) Character Height (Inches) Character
  Height (Points)

  Recommended: 0.2 0.08 5.76

  Minimum: 0.125 0.05 3.6
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------

d.  The transformer must be marked with the following (serial numbers
    need not be included):

> Specification \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (L-830 or L-831)
>
> Transformer Rating \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (Watts -
> Frequency)
>
> Federal Stock Number
> \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (Optional)
>
> Manufacturer\'s Part No. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
>
> Manufacturer\'s Name or Trademark \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
>
> Made in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (Country of origin)
>
> Transformer, Series-to-Series Primary amperes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
>
> Volts 5000 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Hz Secondary amperes
> \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
>
> (Optional) Order/Contract No. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

## 3.7 Workmanship. 

a.  The transformer, including all parts and accessories, must be
    constructed and finished to the highest standards of workmanship.

b.  Particular attention must be given to the quality of soldering,
    wiring, impregnation of coils, freedom of the transformer case and
    leads from burrs and sharp edges, open pores in the transformer case
    molding material, and the integrity of the case molding to
    transformer lead sheath.

# CHAPTER 4. EQUIPMENT QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS. {#chapter-4.-equipment-qualification-requirements. .Style-Heading-1-+-Left:--0\"-First-line:--0\"}

## 4.1 Qualification Procedures. 

Procedures for qualifying equipment to be furnished under the Federal
grant assistance program for airports are contained in AC 150/5345-53*,
Airport Lighting Equipment Certification Program*.

## 4.2 Qualification Tests. 

a.  The following tests must be performed on 3 samples of each unit
    submitted for qualification to demonstrate compliance with the
    specifications.

b.  Unless otherwise specified, all tests must be made at room
    temperature (approximately 68 to 86 degrees F (20 to 30 degrees C)
    using a suitable 50 or 60 Hz sine wave power source that provides a
    transformer primary winding current per Table 2.

c.  If it is necessary for the water bath temperature to be
    substantially different from room temperature, the proper
    temperature coefficient for the transformer insulating material used
    must be applied when measuring and computing insulation resistance
    values.

d.  See paragraph 4.2c above. It must be the manufacturer\'s
    responsibility to furnish proof, via a certified test report from
    the insulating material supplier or manufacturer, that the
    insulating material temperature coefficient is correct.

e.  Joints between transformer and test leads must not be taped or
    otherwise insulated during any of the insulation resistance tests
    required by paragraphs 4.2.4 and 5.1.3.

f.  All transformer leads and test harness connectors must be checked
    with a \"go\" and \"no go\" gauge prior to use to ensure a good fit
    and watertight seal.

### 4.2.1 Characteristics Test.  {#characteristics-test. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

a.  The samples must be tested to demonstrate their electrical
    characteristics are per Table 2.

b.  Any corrections necessary to compensate for meter‑power consumption
    must be applied.

c.  The transformers must be operated at room temperature (in an area as
    draft free as possible) with their rated load (see Table 2)
    connected to the secondary winding.

d.  Measurements must be taken only when the transformer windings have
    reached their normal operating temperature.

**NOTE:** *See IEEE Standard C57.12.91-2001, Section 11, Temperature
test, for additional guidance on conducting transformer temperature
measurements.*

### 4.2.2 Shock Test. {#shock-test. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

a.  The sample isolation transformers must be dropped twice from a
    height of 6 feet (2 meters) onto a smooth hardwood floor.

b.  The first drop must orient the transformer so it strikes on a bottom
    corner or location where damage from the core cutting into the case
    is most likely.

c.  The second drop must orient the transformer so it impacts on a side
    or location where damage to the windings is most likely to occur.

#### 4.2.2.1 Transformer Lead Rigidity Test.

All transformers leads must also be tested for lead rigidity after the
shock test.

a.  Sequentially secure each transformer lead just below the connector
    in a clamp fastened to a vertical support.

**NOTE:** *The lead clamp used must not cause damage to the lead at the
point of attachment.*

b.  The clamp must be elevated to a height longer than the lead length
    so the transformer body will not strike the bench top.

c.  The transformer body must be released and allowed to free fall from
    the clamp height.

d.  Repeat the test for each transformer lead.

### 4.2.3 Post Shock/Rigidity Test. {#post-shockrigidity-test. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

a.  After the completion of tests in paragraphs 4.2.2 and 4.2.2.1, the
    transformers must be tested to ensure they meet the secondary
    current requirements at full load (see Table 2).

b.  A change of more than one percent from the test per paragraph 4.2.1
    or evidence of damage to the case and attaching leads must be cause
    for rejection.

### 4.2.4 Insulation Resistance.  {#insulation-resistance. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

The sample transformers must be subjected to a 20-cycle insulation test.

**NOTE:** *One cycle is the sequence of tests per paragraphs 4.2.4.1
through 4.2.4.5.*

#### 4.2.4.1 Mating Connectors. 

a.  Mating test harness connectors that were previously subjected to
    \"go\" and \"no go\" gauges must be installed in the transformer
    lead connectors.

b.  The mating connectors must not be removed before completion of the
    20 cycle testing. If the connectors are removed for any reason,
    tests must be repeated so both the transformers and connectors
    satisfactorily pass 20 continuous cycles.

#### 4.2.4.2 Transformer Heating Cycle. 

Transformers must be operated, with mating connectors installed, for a
minimum of 6 hours at room temperature with the rated current in primary
winding (see Table 2). The secondary windings of the transformers must
be open-circuited.

#### 4.2.4.3 Water Immersion Test. 

a.  As soon as possible following the heating cycle, the transformers,
    with leads and connectors, must be completely submerged in water
    that is grounded at room temperature.

**b**. Ensure that all molded connections on the transformer leads and
test harness are completely immersed in water during this test.

**c.** The insulation resistance of each coil and lead assembly must be
measured immediately after immersion with voltage applied per Table 3.

#### 4.2.4.4 Soaking. 

a.  Both transformers and connectors must be soaked in water at room
    temperature for not less than 12 hours.

b.  After 12 hours minimum has elapsed, verify that the transformer/lead
    insulation resistance is per Table 3.

#### 4.2.4.5 Insulation Resistance Measurements.

a.  All measurements of the transformer insulation resistance must be
    made with direct current.

b.  The test voltage must be applied for 1 minute between each
    transformer winding and ground.

c.  The transformer winding not under test must be grounded and its
    connectors submerged in water.

d.  Insulation resistance at the test voltage must equal or exceed the
    minimum resistance values per Table 3. Alternatively, the leakage
    current must be less than or equal to the maximum leakage current
    values per Table 3.

e.  The zero and maximum resistance readings of the test instrument must
    be periodically checked by first touching the high voltage lead to
    the water surface and then suspending it in air. After the initial
    current inrush, readings must remain steady without fluctuations.

**Table 3. Insulation Resistance**

+------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| **Winding under  | **Voltage     | **Minimum       | **Maximum       |
| Test**           | Applied**     | Insulation**    | Leakage**       |
|                  |               |                 |                 |
|                  | **(kV DC)**   | **Resistance**  | **Current**     |
|                  |               |                 |                 |
|                  |               | **(Megohms)**   | **(Micro        |
|                  |               |                 | amps)**         |
+------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Hot/Cold Primary | 15.0          | 7500            | 2.0             |
| for transformers |               |                 |                 |
| up to            |               |                 |                 |
|                  |               |                 |                 |
| 150 W            |               |                 |                 |
+------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Hot/Cold         | 5.0           | 2500            | 2.0             |
| Secondary for    |               |                 |                 |
| transformers up  |               |                 |                 |
| to 150 W         |               |                 |                 |
+------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Hot/Cold Primary | 15.0          | 3000            | 5               |
| for transformers |               |                 |                 |
| over 150 W       |               |                 |                 |
+------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Hot/Cold         | 5.0           | 1000            | 5               |
| Secondary for    |               |                 |                 |
| transformers     |               |                 |                 |
| over 150W        |               |                 |                 |
+------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+

### 4.2.5 Temperature Rise.  {#temperature-rise. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

a.  The temperature rise of the sample transformers must be determined
    by the resistance method.

b.  The transformer temperature rise must be kept at least 9 degrees F
    (5 degrees C) below the maximum continuous duty temperature of the
    most critical insulating materials used.

c.  Transformers are to be operated at room temperature in an area as
    free from drafts as possible.

d.  Transformers must be tested under each of the following conditions
    with primary current per Table 2.

    1.  Rated Load

    2.  Short Circuit

    3.  Open Circuit

e.  IEEE Standard C57.12.91, *IEEE Standard Test Code for Dry-Type
    Distribution and Power Transformers*, Section 11, Temperature Test,
    for temperature rise formulas and guidance in the determination of
    transformer temperature rise.

# CHAPTER 5. PRODUCTION TEST REQUIREMENTS. {#chapter-5.-production-test-requirements. .Style-Heading-1-+-Left:--0\"-First-line:--0\"}

## 5.1 Production Tests. 

Each isolation transformer must be subjected to tests per paragraphs
5.1.2 through 5.1.3.

### 5.1.2 Ratio Test.  {#ratio-test. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

a.  Test each transformer for current ratio at rated frequency and
    current on the primary winding and rated load on the secondary.

b.  The secondary current of each transformer must be per Table 2.

### 5.1.3 Insulation Testing.  {#insulation-testing. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

a.  Subject each transformer to one cycle of the test per paragraph
    4.2.4.

b.  To shorten test time, transformers may be pre-heated to an internal
    temperature known to equal or exceed that in 6-hour open circuit
    conditions in paragraph 4.2.4.2.

### 5.1.4 Inspect for Voids. {#inspect-for-voids. .Style-Heading-3-+-Bold}

All isolation transformer assemblies must be inspected for voids. Any
evidence of voids shall be cause for rejection.

**Intentionally Left Blank**