**July 5, 2006 FEMA Emergency Management Higher Education Project
Activity Report**

\(1\) CASE STUDIES IN CRISIS AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT \-- BOOK
DEVELOPMENT PROJECT:

Received, reviewed, approved and forwarded to the EMI Webmaster for
upload to the EM HiEd Project website, 3rd draft of Chapter 1,
\"Introduction to Crisis, Disaster, and Risk Management Concepts,\" by
lead book developer George Haddow, George Washington University. Outline
of chapter from Introduction:

\"This chapter includes the following sections:

Review of Historical Trends in Emergency Management Four Phases of
Emergency Management Communications Business Continuity Planning and
Emergency Management International Disaster Programs Emergency
Management and the New Terrorism Threat Attributes of Successful
Emergency Management Programs and Functions Brief Descriptions of Case
Studies\"

Reviewed, approved, and forwarded to the EMI Webmaster for upload to the
Project website, 2nd draft of Chapter 9, \"International Disaster
Management,\" which has three case studies: (a) the Gujarat Earthquake,
(b) the February 2001 El Salvador Earthquakes, and (c) Hurricane Mitch
in Guatemala: Response and Recovery.

With the review and approval of this material, the original Case Studies
in Crisis and Emergency Management is finished. Have asked the webmaster
to move all materials for this book from the \"College Books \-- Draft
Materials Available\" section, to the \"College Books \-- Ready to
Download\" section. Should be accessible shortly on the Project website
via: Free College Courses, Books tab \-- College Books.

Final note. After Hurricane Katrina, George Haddow, the primary author
of this textbook, was contracted with to develop one additional chapter
containing case studies of how private sector organizations responded to
the hurricane. This chapter is in development and will be uploaded to
the Case Studies book when successfully completed.

\(2\) DISASTER FILM/VIDEO ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND DVD CLIP PROJECT:

Received for review from project developer, Richard Weber, DVD of clips
from FEMA Mitigation Division videos.

\(3\) HAZARDS MAPPING AND MODELING:

Dunn, Mike. \"Storm Surge Statistics Reviewed - Old Ideas Are Not
Holding Up Against Newer Research.\" Baton Rouge Advocate, 5 July 2006.

At:
[[http://www.2theadvocate.com/news/3277196.html]{.underline}](http://www.2theadvocate.com/news/3277196.html)

\(4\) HAZARDS MAPPING AND MODELING \-- UPPER DIVISION/GRADUATE COURSE
DEVELOPMENT PROJECT:

Reviewed Session 14 on \"Legal Issues in Utilizing Hazard Models and
Mapping,\" by lead course developer, Dr. John Pine, Director of the
Disaster Science & Management Program at Louisiana State University,
provided review comments, and forwarded the session to the EMI Webmaster
for upload to the EM HiEd Project website \-- Free College Courses tab
\-- Courses Under Development section \-- where it should be accessible
shortly. Please note that there will be two Sessions numbered 14 \-- a
glitch that has not be ironed out yet. In that the session does not yet
include a Scope statement, will note the session objectives:

\"Clarify the need for complete, accurate and timely hazard modeling and
mapping information in emergency management.

Examine the legal issues associated with using hazard modeling and
mapping in emergency preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation.

Clarify the basis of civil claims against public entities for the use of
hazard mapping and modeling.

Examine the nature and legal basis for federal planning and requirements
and the implications for hazard modeling and mapping.

Examine the role of legal council in hazard modeling and mapping
activities.\"

\(5\) HOMELAND SECURITY AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT \-- COURSE DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT:

Received for review from lead course developer, Dr. William Waugh,
Georgia State University, Session 4,
\"Planning/Preparedness/Readiness,\" by Dr. Frances Edwards, San Jose
State University.

\(6\) PERIODICALS RECEIVED:

Coastal Services, Vol. 9, Issue 4, July/August 2006. (Bi-monthly trade
journal for coastal resource managers, produced by Coastal Services
Center, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration. For information go to:
[[http://www.csc.noaa.gov]{.underline}](http://www.csc.noaa.gov/) or
call

843-740-1332.)

Crisis Response Journal, Vol.2, Issue 3, 2006.

(Quarterly published by Cava Media Ltd., UK. For info.:

[[http://www.crisisresponsejournal.com]{.underline}](http://www.crisisresponsejournal.com/).)
Particularly note:

\"Beyond Katrina: Improving Response Capabilities,\" by Arnold M.
Howitt, and Herman B. Leonard, Harvard University (pp. 52-53).

Earthquake Spectra, Vol. 22, No. 2, May 2006. (Earthquake Engineering
Research Institute, 499 14th Street, Suite 320, Oakland, CA 94612-1934.
(510) 451-0905, (510) 451-5411 (fax), URL:
[[http://www.eeri.org]{.underline}](http://www.eeri.org/), e-mail:
<eeri@eeri.org>). Would particularly note:

\"Earthquake Mitigation Decisions and Consequences,\" by Ann Bostrum,
et.

al, pp. 313-328, and

\"Modeling Community Recovery From Earthquakes,\" by Scott Miles and
Stephanie Chang, pp. 439-458.

Homeland Defense Journal, Vol. 4, Issue 5, May 2006. (Monthly published
by Homeland Defense Journal, Arlington, VA,
[[http://www.homelanddefensejournal.com]{.underline}](http://www.homelanddefensejournal.com/)).

Homeland Security Funding Week, No. 06-24, June 27, 2006. (Helping
Government and Business Track the Federal Funding Flow, CD Publications,

8204 Fenton Street, Silver Spring, MD 20910; 301-588-6380;

[[http://cdpublications.com]{.underline}](http://cdpublications.com/).)

International Journal of Risk Assessment & Management, Vol. 6, Issues
4-6, 2006. (An interdisciplinary and refereed journal published by
Inderscience Enterprises Ltd., UK and Switzerland. For information:
[[http://www.inderscience.com]{.underline}](http://www.inderscience.com/).)
This is a Special Issue on GIS and Risk Assessment/Management. Would
particularly note:

\"The Influence of Hazard Models on GIS-Based Regional Risk Assessments
and Mitigation Policies,\" by Richard Bernknopf, Sharly Rabinovici,
Nathan Wood, and Laura Dinitz of the USGS, Menlo Park, CA (pp. 369-387).

\"Risk Assessment and GIS in Natural Hazards: Issues in the Application
of HAZUS,\" pp. 408-422, by Heather Beckmann and David Simpson of the
Center for Hazards Research and Policy Development, University of
Louisville.

\"Successful Application of GIS Technology for Post 9/11 Disaster

Management: Overcoming Challenges, Capitalising on Advantages,\" by
Monica Teets Farris and Shirley Laska (Center for Hazards Assessment,
Response and Technology, University of New Orleans), and Michael Wesley
and Robert Sternhell (Solutient, Inc., University of New Orleans), pp.
423-430.

Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. (Quarterly, Blackwell
Publishers, Journals Dept, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, e-mail:

<jnlsamples@blackwellpublishers.co.uk>)

Natural Hazards, Vo.38, No.3, July 2006. (Journal of the International
Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Kluwer
Academic Publisher, P.O. Box 358, Accord Station, Hingham, MA
02018-0358, URL:
[[www.kluweronline.nl]{.underline}](../www.kluweronline.nl)). Would
particularly note:

\"Agent-Based Modeling and Analysis of Hurricane Evacuation Procedures
for the Florida Keys,\" by Xuwei Chen, John Meaker and Benjamin Zhan
(Texas Center for Geographic Information Science, Texas Sate
University), pp. 321-338.

\(7\) PREPAREDNESS (CANADIAN REPORT):

On June 29, 2006 the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM)
released a report Emergency: Municipalities Missing from Disaster
Planning, A Report to the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) by
the National Security Group (NSG) - on the effect of Federal Public
Safety and Emergency Preparedness Activities on Municipal Governments,
2001-2005. To view the News Release, Backgrounder and link to PDF of the
Report, visit
[[www.fcm.ca/english/media/press/june292006.html]{.underline}](../www.fcm.ca/english/media/press/june292006.html)

\(8\) WAR ON TERRORISM:

Constable, Pamela. \"Drawing a Blank in an Afghan District - U.S.-Led
Raid, Outreach Find Residents Politely Unhelpful on Taliban.\"

Washington Post, July 4, 2006. Accessed at:

[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/03/AR200607
0300993.html](http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/03/AR200607 0300993.html)

Mazzetti, Mark. \"C.I.A. Closes Unit Focused on Capture of bin Laden.\"

New York Times, 4July2006. At:
<http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/04/washington/04intel.html?_r=1&hp&ex=1151985600&en=a2d7789624a7fe3c&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=slogin>

Pipes, Daniel. \"The Vatican Confronts Islam.\" Jewish World Review,
July 5, 2006. Accessed at:
[[http://jewishworldreview.com/0706/pipes2006_07_05.php3]{.underline}](http://jewishworldreview.com/0706/pipes2006_07_05.php3)

\(9\) WEEKEND READING (ACTUALLY JULY 4TH HOLIDAY):

Scotti, R.A. Sudden Sea - The Great Hurricane of 1938. Boston: Little,
Brown & Co., 2003, 279 pages.

\[Note: Decided to raise this book, within the to-read stack, to the top
due to recent stories featuring the possibility of a hurricane striking
New York and it\'s neighborhood sometime soon. The September 21, 1938
hurricane, sometimes referred to as \"The Long Island Express\" moved
northward past New York City to it\'s east, causing one death in New
York City (\"\...a degree or two of difference in longitude and
Manhattan would have been devastated.\" (p. 99)). Most of the
considerable damage was in Rhode Island, Long Island, and the New
England states \-- becoming \"the most violent and destructive natural
disaster in New England history\" (p. 23), as well as, according to its
author (writing prior to Katrina), \"It was the most destructive natural
disaster in U.S. history \-- worse than the San Francisco earthquake,
the Chicago fire, or any Mississippi flood.\" (p. 94) Some excerpts:

\"\...the hurricane darted up the Atlantic coast at fifty, sixty, and
seventy miles an hour, faster than most cars could travel in 1938. No
hurricane had ever raced as fast. It arrived unannounced. It struck
without warning\...Entire beach communities that seemed secure at
lunchtime were wiped off the map by supper.\" (p. 94) At Charleston
Beach, R.I, \"On the morning of the twenty-first, there were seven
hundred houses along this stretch. By nightfall, there were none.\" (p.

145\)

\"Trains and tankers were tossed aside like Tinkertoys. Waves as high as
fifty feet swept homes and families into the sea\....Sea spay was flung
lake fusillade, and windowpanes in Montpelier, Vermont, 120 miles from
the sea, were coated with salt.\" (p. 96) Some coastal communities
experienced a surge of 20-30 feet above the roofs of single story houses
(p. 145).

\"We had the accelerator right to the floor, and we were doing fifteen
miles an hour because the wind was pushing us back.\" (Survivor story,
p.. 97)

\"No one will ever know the strength of the winds in the Great Hurricane
of 1938, because they destroyed every instrument designed to measure
them. Before it blew, the anemometer at the Blue Hill observatory in
Milton, Massachusetts, some seventy miles from the eye of the storm,
recorded gusts of 186 miles per hour and a sustained wind of 121 miles
per hour. It was the second-highest rate ever recorded in the Northern
Hemisphere.\" (p. 98)

When the hurricane struck at Patchogue, Long Island, \"it set off
seismographs in Alaska.\" (. 98)

\"\...the distance from Cape Hatteras to Long Island is 425 miles, and
the Hurricane of 1937 covered it in seven hours.\" (p. 99)

As in Katrina, from the levee break, many trapped residents had to punch
holes in their attacks in attempts to get above the water and survive,
but not from a levee break \-- from the storm surge. See page 112,
amongst many.

Photo caption: \"Car roofs looked like stepping stones in the swirling
water that turned downtown Providence, R.I., \[30 miles from the coast\]
into a lake, seventeen feet at its deepest point.\" (Led to 7 deaths (p.

166).

The storm \"raised the waters of Lake Champlain, which is 435 square
miles, by two feet.\" (p. 124)

On the huge and sudden storm surge: \"Those who saw the tower of water
rising over the sand did not believe what they were seeing. They thought
it was a bank of fog, a trick of the storm, a mirage.\" (p. 126) A
survivor said it looked like it was \"mountains high.\" (p. 144)

\"In South County \[R.I.\] the destruction was absolute. Ninety-nine
percent of shoreline property from Quonochontaug to Charlestown, a
distance of seven miles, was demolished\...Napatree was wiped off the
map\"(p. 227)\....Today there is no sign that Napatree was ever
inhabited.\" (p.237)

On looting: \"As the waters ebbed, hordes of looters flooded in. At the
beaches, they cut fingers off corpses to steal the rings. In the towns,
they cleaned out stores. From his vantage point in downtown Providence,
author David Cornel de Jong watched the looters descend: \'They came
neck deep or swimming, holding flashlights over their heads, rising out
of the water and disappearing through demolished store windows. Hordes
assisting each other piled goods into rowboats or stuffed them into
burlap bags. They seemed organized, almost regimented, as if they had
daily drilled and prepared for this event the like of which had not
happened in one hundred twenty years. They were brazen and insatiable;
they swarmed like rats; they took everything. When a few policemen came
by in rowboat, they did not stop their looting. They knew they
outnumbered the police; besides the latter were intent on rescue
work.\'\... \"Looting was so rampant throughout the state that Rhode
Island remained under martial law for weeks, and National Guardsmen were
ordered: \'shoot to kill\'.\" (pp. 201-202)

\"President Roosevelt dispatched 100,000 relief workers from the WPA,
Civilian Conservation Corps, Army, and Coast Guard.\" 9p. 213)

\"As a result, 682 people died and another 1,754 were seriously
injured.\"

(p. 216) {Elsewhere I have seen estimates that range between 600 and
720, which, while awful, does not put this hurricane on my top ten list
of lives lost to natural disasters in the U.S. Ranks \# 19 on the list I
maintain, in terms of lives lost.

\"The hurricane cost \$4.7 billion in today\'s dollars.\" (p. 226)

B. Wayne Blanchard, Ph.D., CEM

Higher Education Project Manager

Emergency Management Institute

National Emergency Training Center

Federal Emergency Management Agency

Department of Homeland Security

16825 S. Seton, N-430

Emmitsburg, MD 21727

\(301\) 447-1262, voice

\(301\) 447-1598, fax

wayne.blanchard@dhs.gov

[[http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu]{.underline}](http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu)

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