CONSTRUCTION STANDARD SPECIFICATION

SECTION 15081

[DUCT INSULATION]{.underline}

[PART 1 - General](#__RefHeading___Toc137602843)

[1.01 SUMMARY 2](#__RefHeading___Toc137602844)

[1.02 REFERENCES 2](#__RefHeading___Toc137602845)

[1.03 SUBMITTALS 2](#__RefHeading___Toc137602846)

[1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE 3](#__RefHeading___Toc137602847)

[1.05 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING 3](#__RefHeading___Toc137602848)

[PART 2 - PRODUCTS](#__RefHeading___Toc137602849)

[2.01 INSULATION MATERIALS 3](#__RefHeading___Toc137602850)

[2.02 FIELD-APPLIED JACKETS 4](#__RefHeading___Toc137602851)

[2.03 ACCESSORIES AND ATTACHMENTS 4](#__RefHeading___Toc137602852)

[PART 3 - Execution](#__RefHeading___Toc137602853)

[3.01 GENERAL APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS 4](#__RefHeading___Toc137602854)

[3.02 MINERAL-FIBER BLANKET INSULATION APPLICATION
5](#__RefHeading___Toc137602855)

[3.03 MINERAL-FIBER BOARD INSULATION APPLICATION
6](#__RefHeading___Toc137602856)

[3.04 MINERAL-FIBER "PIPE AND TANK" INSULATION APPLICATION
7](#__RefHeading___Toc137602857)

[3.05 CALCIUM SILICATE INSULATION APPLICATION
7](#__RefHeading___Toc137602858)

[3.06 FIELD-APPLIED JACKET APPLICATION 7](#__RefHeading___Toc137602859)

[3.07 DUCT SYSTEM APPLICATIONS 7](#__RefHeading___Toc137602860)

DUCT INSULATION APPLICATIONS TABLE 1 9

CONSTRUCTION STANDARD SPECIFICATION

SECTION 15081

DUCT INSULATION

[]{#__RefHeading___Toc137602843 .anchor}[General]{.underline}

1.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602844 .anchor}SUMMARY

    A.  Section Includes semirigid and flexible insulation for ducts,
        plenums, and breechings; insulating cements; field-applied
        jackets, accessories; and sealing compounds. See other
        specifications for duct liners, fire stopping, and equipment and
        piping insulation.

2.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602845 .anchor}REFERENCES

    A.  American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM)

        1.  B 209 Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate

        2.  C 533 Calcium Silicate Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation

        3.  C 553 Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for
            Commercial and Industrial Applications

        4.  C 612 Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal Insulation

        5.  C 795 Thermal Insulation for Use in Contact with Austenitic
            Stainless Steel

        6.  E 84 Standard Test Method for Surface Burning
            Characteristics of Building Materials

    B.  Military Specifications

        1.  MIL-C-19565C Coating Compounds, Thermal Insulation, Fire-
            and Water-Resistant, Vapor-Barrier

3.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602846 .anchor}SUBMITTALS

    A.  Product Data: Submit manufactures product data for insulating
        materials used that identify thermal conductivity, thickness,
        jackets (both factory and field applied, if any). Provide
        manufactures installation requirements for each type of
        insulation. Show compliance with necessary industry standards
        and listing agencies.

4.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602847 .anchor}QUALITY ASSURANCE

    A.  With the exception of duct liners, all insulating materials
        required for ducting, plenums, and breaching shall be furnished
        and installed under this contract. The execution of the work
        shall be in strict accordance with the best practices of the
        trade, the manufacture's requirements, and the intent of this
        specification.

    B.  Fire-Test-Response Characteristics: As determined by testing
        materials identical to those specified in this Section according
        to ASTM E 84, by a testing and inspecting agency acceptable to
        authorities having jurisdiction. Factory label insulation and
        jacket materials and sealer and cement material containers with
        appropriate markings of applicable testing and inspecting
        agency.

        1.  Insulation Installed Indoors: Flame-spread rating of 25 or
            less, and smoke-developed rating of 50 or less.

        2.  Insulation Installed Outdoors: Flame-spread rating of 75 or
            less, and smoke-developed rating of 150 or less.

5.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602848 .anchor}DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND
    HANDLING

    A.  Packing: Ship insulation materials in containers marked by
        manufacture with appropriate ASTM specification designation,
        type, and maximum use temperature.

    B.  Insulation materials shall be kept dry and protected from the
        weather at all times until installation is complete. Insulation
        material found to be wet or damaged shall be replaced by the
        contractor at no cost to the owner.

        [PRODUCTS]{.underline}

6.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602850 .anchor}INSULATION MATERIALS

    A.  Mineral--Fiber Board Thermal Insulation: Glass fibers bonded
        with a thermosetting resin. Comply with ASTM C 612, Type IB, for
        use to 450 deg. F, with a factory-applied jacket manufactured
        from foil, reinforcing scrim, and kraft paper (FSK). Minimum
        density of 3 lb./cu.ft., maximum conductivity of 0.40
        (BTU-in./hr.-sq.ft.-deg. F) at 300 deg. F.

    B.  Mineral-Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation: Glass fibers bonded
        with a thermosetting resin. Comply with ASTM C 553, Type II, for
        use to 250 deg. F, with a factory-applied jacket manufactured
        from either foil, reinforcing scrim, and kraft paper (FSK) or
        with a factory applied white or black metalized
        polyproylene-skrim-kraft (PSK). The (PSK) jacket is to be used
        in exposed areas where the structure is to be painted.. Minimum
        density of 3/4 lb./cu.ft., maximum conductivity of 0.43
        (BTU-in./hr.-sq.ft.-deg. F) at 200 deg. F.

    C.  Fiberglass "Pipe & Tank" Insulation: Semi-rigid fiberglass board
        in roll form. Comply with ASTM C 795, Type II, for use to 850
        deg. F with a factory-applied jacket manufactured from foil,
        reinforcing scrim, and kraft paper (FSK). Maximum conductivity
        of 0.45 (BTU-in./hr.-sq.ft.-deg. F) at 300 deg. F.

    D.  Calcium Silicate Insulation: Flat, curved, and grooved-block
        sections of noncombustible, inorganic hydrous calcium silicate
        with a non-asbestos containing fibrous reinforcement. Comply
        with ASTM C 533, Type I.

    E.  Vapor-Retarder Mastics: Fire- and water-resistant,
        vapor-retarder mastic for indoor applications. Comply with
        MIL-C-19565C, Type II.

7.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602851 .anchor}FIELD-APPLIED JACKETS

    A.  Aluminum Jacket: Stucco-embossed finished sheets manufactured
        from 0.016 inch thick aluminum alloy complying with ASTM B209
        and having an integrally bonded 1-mil thick, heat-bonded
        polyethylene and kraft paper moisture barrier over entire
        surface in contact with insulation.

8.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602852 .anchor}ACCESSORIES AND ATTACHMENTS

    A.  Tape: Tape for sealing joints in the insulation shall be a
        minimum of 3 inches wide, pressure sensitive and of the same
        type material as the insulation jacket it is used on.

    B.  Bands: ¾" inch wide, 0.007 inch aluminum.

    C.  Wire: 0.008-inch nickel-copper alloy; 0.062-inch, soft-annealed,
        stainless steel; or 0.0062-inch, soft-annealed, galvanized
        steel.

    D.  Screws: Stainless steel sheet metal screws

    E.  Anchor Pins and Washers; Anchor pins and washers shall be one of
        the following and shall have a holding capacity of 100 lb. for
        direct pull perpendicular to the attached surface, and shall
        have a pin length sufficient for insulation thickness indicated:

        1.  Weld attached: Copper-coated steel pin for
            capacitor-discharge welding and a minimum 1-½ inch diameter
            galvanized speed washer.

        2.  Adhesive-Attached: Perforated galvanized steel plate, pin
            and minimum 1-½ inch diameter washer manufactured for
            attachment to duct and plenum with adhesive (Stick pins are
            not allowed). Adhesive recommended by the anchor pin
            manufacture as appropriate for surface temperatures of
            ducts, plenums, and breechings.

            []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602853
            .anchor}[Execution]{.underline}

9.  []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602854 .anchor}GENERAL APPLICATION
    REQUIREMENTS

    A.  Coordination and Preparation: Schedule insulation application
        after sealing and leak testing duct systems. Clean and dry
        surfaces to receive insulation. Keep insulation dry during
        application and finishing.

    B.  Apply insulation materials, accessories, and finishes according
        to the manufacturer's written instructions: with smooth,
        straight, and even surfaces: and free of voids throughout the
        length of the ducts and fittings.

    C.  Refer to table at the end of this Section for materials, forms,
        jackets and thickness' for each duct system.

    D.  Apply insulation over fittings and specialties, with continuous
        thermal and vapor-retarder integrity, unless otherwise
        indicated.

    E.  Hangers and Anchors: Seal penetrations in insulation at hangers,
        supports, anchors, and other projections with vapor-retarder
        mastic. Apply insulation continuously around hangers and
        attachments.

    F.  Interior Walls and Partition Penetrations: Apply insulation
        continuously through walls and partition, except fire-rated
        walls and partitions.

    G.  Fire-Rated Wall and Partitions: Terminated insulation at
        fire/smoke damper sleeves for fire-rated wall and partitions
        penetrations

10. []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602855 .anchor}MINERAL-FIBER BLANKET
    INSULATION APPLICATION

    A.  Blanket Applications for Ducts and Plenums: Follow manufactures
        recommendations for "Stretch-Outs" using a maximum compression
        of 25%. Duct wrap shall be installed to allow maximum fullness
        at corners (avoid excessive compression). Secure blanket
        insulation with anchor pins and speed washers to prevent
        sagging. Do not over compress.

    B.  Apply adhesive to ducts to assist with installation and as
        required by the manufacture.

    C.  On rectangular and oval ducts, install anchor pins and speed
        washers to the bottom of horizontal ducts 24 inches and larger
        and all sides of vertical ducts 24 inches and larger:

        1.  Space 18 inches o.c. each way. Apply additional pins to hold
            insulation tightly against surface at cross bracing.

        2.  Impale insulation over anchors and attach speed washers. Do
            not over compress insulation during installation.

        3.  Cut excess portion of pins extending beyond speed washers or
            bend parallel with insulation surface. Cover exposed pins
            and washers with tape matching insulation facing.

    D.  Insulation shall be butted tightly at joints and vapor barrier
        facing shall be overlapped a minimum of 2 inches. All seams
        shall be stapled approximately 6 inches on center with outward
        chinching ½-inch staples, then sealed immediately with minimum 3
        inch wide pressure sensitive tape having the same facing as the
        insulation. Apply tape with a moving pressure using a squeegee
        or other appropriate sealing tool.

    E.  Apply insulation on duct elbows and transitions with a full
        insulation segment for each surface. Apply mitered sections of
        rigid insulation to curved fittings in outdoor ducts.

    F.  Apply vapor-retarder mastic or matching pressure sensitive tape
        to open joints, breaks, and punctures.

11. []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602856 .anchor}MINERAL-FIBER BOARD
    INSULATION APPLICATION

    A.  Board Applications for Ducts and Plenums: Secure board
        insulation with adhesive and anchor pins and speed washers.

    B.  Apply adhesive to ducts to assist with installation and as
        required by the manufacture.

    C.  Install anchor pins and speed washers to the sides ducts as
        follows:

        1.  On duct sides with dimensions 18 inches and smaller, along
            longitudinal centerline of duct. Space 3 inches maximum from
            insulation end joints, and 16 inches o.c.

        2.  On duct sides with dimensions larger than 18 inches. Space
            16 inches o.c. each way, and 3 inches maximum from
            insulation joints. Apply additional pins and clips to hold
            insulation tightly against surface at cross bracing.

        3.  Cut excess portion of pins extending beyond speed washers or
            bend parallel with insulation surface. Cover exposed pins
            and washers with tape matching insulation facing.

    D.  Insulation shall be butted tightly at joints. Cover joints
        immediately with minimum 3 inch wide with pressure-sensitive
        tape having same facing as insulation. Apply tape with a moving
        pressure using a squeegee or other appropriate sealing tool.

    E.  Apply insulation on rectangular duct elbows and transitions with
        a full insulation segment for each surface. Groove and score
        insulation to fit as closely as possible to outside and inside
        radius of elbows. Apply insulation on round and flat-oval duct
        elbows with individually mitered gores cut to fit the elbow.

    F.  Apply vapor-retarder mastic or matching pressure sensitive tape
        to open joints, breaks, and punctures.

12. []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602857 .anchor}MINERAL-FIBER "PIPE AND
    TANK" INSULATION APPLICATION

    A.  "Pipe and Tank" Applications for Ducts and Fittings: Secure
        insulation to ducts with adhesive and lapped seams with pressure
        sensitive tape.

    B.  Insulation shall be butted tightly at joints and vapor barrier
        facing shall be overlapped a minimum of 2 inches. All seams
        shall be stapled approximately 6 inches on center with outward
        chinching ½-inch staples, then sealed with minimum 3 inch wide
        pressure sensitive tape having the same facing as the
        insulation.

    C.  Apply insulation on round and oval duct elbows and transitions
        with individually mitered gores cut to fit the fitting. Cover
        the insulation at the fitting with glass cloth, overlapping the
        duct insulation by 2 inches and seal with vapor barrier mastic.

13. []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602858 .anchor}CALCIUM SILICATE INSULATION
    APPLICATION

    A.  Apply insulation according to the manufacture's written
        instructions and as follows:

        1.  Secure single layer of insulation to the duct with
            stainless-steel bands. Tighten bands without deforming the
            insulation material.

        2.  Apply two-layer insulation with joints tightly butted and
            staggered at least 3 inches. Secure inner layer with
            0.062-inch soft annealed, stainless-steel wire. Secure outer
            layer with stainless-steel bands.

        3.  On exposed applications, without metal jacket finish
            insulation with a skim coat of mineral-fiber,
            hydraulic-setting cement to surface of installed insulation.
            When dry, apply flood coat of lagging adhesive and press on
            one layer of glass cloth or tape. Overlap edges at least 1
            inch. Apply finish coat of lagging adhesive over glass cloth
            or tape. Thin the finish coat to achieve smooth finish.

14. []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602859 .anchor}FIELD-APPLIED JACKET
    APPLICATION

    A.  Exterior: Apply aluminum jacketing to all external ductwork that
        is insulated. Cover all fittings and specialties with aluminum
        jacketing.

    B.  Apply metal jacket where indicated, with 2-inch overlap at
        longitudinal seams and end joints. Secure jacket with
        stainless-steel sheet metal screws 6 inches o.c. and at end
        joints. Overlap longitudinal seams arranged to shed water and
        seal end joints with weatherproof mastic.

15. []{#__RefHeading___Toc137602860 .anchor}DUCT SYSTEM APPLICATIONS

    A.  Materials and thickness for systems listed below are specified
        in table at the end of this Section.

    B.  Insulate the following plenums and duct systems.

        1.  Indoor concealed and exposed supply-, return-, and
            outside-air ductwork.

        2.  Outdoor exposed supply and return ductwork.

        3.  Boiler breeching and connector ductwork.

    C.  Items Not Insulated: Unless otherwise indicated, do not apply
        insulation to the following systems, materials, and equipment:

        1.  Fibrous-glass ducts.

        2.  Interior metal ducts with duct liner.

        3.  Factory-insulated flexible ducts.

        4.  Factory-insulated plenums, casing, terminal boxes, and
            filter boxes and sections.

        5.  Flexible connectors.

        6.  Vibration-control devices.

        7.  Testing agency labels and stamps.

        8.  Nameplates and data plates.

        9.  Access panels and doors in air-distribution systems.

  ---------------- ------------------- -------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- ------------
  Duct Insulation                                                                                  
  Applications                                                                                     

  **System**       **Shape**           **Location**   **Insulation   **Thickness**   **Density**   **Jacket**
                                                      Type**                                       

  Supply, Return,  Rectangular         Equipment      Insulation     1-½\"           3 PCF         FSK
  Outdoor Air                          Rooms and Pipe Board                                        
                                       Chases                                                      

                                                      Fiberglass     2-½\"           ¾ PCF         FSK
                                                      Blanket                                      

  Supply, Return,  Round & Oval        Equipment      Fiberglass     2\"             ¾ PCF         FSK
  Outdoor Air                          Rooms and Pipe Blanket                                      
                                       Chases                                                      

  Supply and       Rectangular/Round & Concealed      Fiberglass     2\"             3/4 PCF       FSK
  Return           Oval                               Blanket                                      

  Supply and       Rectangular/Round & Exposed        Fiberglass     2\"             3/4 PCF       PSK
  Return           Oval                               Blanket                                      

  Supply and       Rectangular         Outdoor        Insulation     2\"             3 PCF         FSK with
  Return                                              Board                                        Aluminum
                                                                                                   Jacket

  Supply and       Round & Oval        Outdoor        Fiberglass     2\"             N.A.          FSK with
  Return                                              "Pipe and                                    Aluminum
                                                      Tank"                                        Jacket

  Boiler Exhaust   Round               Indoor         Calcium        2\"                           Aluminum
                                                      Silicate                                     Jacket
  ---------------- ------------------- -------------- -------------- --------------- ------------- ------------

[Table 1]{.underline}

END OF SECTION