**Vita**

**Walter William Johnson**

**Present Position**: Research Psychologist

**Work Address**: NASA Ames Research Center

Human Factors Research and Technology Division

Human Information Processing Research Branch

Mail Stop 262-2

Moffett Field, California 94035

\(650\) 604-3667

**Educational History:**

**Institution Degree Date**

Ohio State University PhD March 1986

Illinois State University MA December 1977

Illinois State University BA December 1973

**Doctoral Dissertation**: Studies in motion extrapolation.

**Master\'s Thesis**: Recoding of interfering associations in a mediated
transfer task.

**Patents**:

Patent for "Cueing Light Configuration for Aircraft Navigation" granted
to

Inventors: Mary K. Kaiser and Walter W. Johnson

**Awards:**

1993 NASA Ames Director's Discretionary Research Award, "Integrated
determination of visual and moition cue simulation requirements for the
case of a roll-on landing."

National Research Council Fellowship, 1986-1988

NASA Honor Award -- Group Award - NASA Team Award for work on "Arabian
Lights" terrain avoidance project

1995 NASA Honor Award - Mentor

NASA Honor Award -- Group Award - High-Speed Research External
Visibility System Team

# NASA Honor Award -- Group Award - Distributed Air Ground (DAG) Planning Team 

**Teaching and Academic Experience**:

January 1989 to May 1989 - Instructor in Human Learning at San Jose
State University.

January 1981 to January 1982 - Instructor in Introductory Psychology at
Ohio State University.

October 1980 to December 1980 - Assistant to Distinguished Visiting
Professor Gunnar Johansson at Ohio State University for a seminar on
space, object, and motion perception.

August 1976 to May 1977 - Course assistant in the Department of
Psychology at Illinois State University for courses in experimental
psychology, statistics, and tests and measurement.

**Professional Experience**:

April 1997 to Present - Research Psychologist in the Human Information
Processing Research Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field,
CA.

-   Acting Branch Chief for Human Information Processing Research
    Branch, September-November, 2000

-   Research and development of display concepts for Cockpit Situational
    Displays

-   Member of RTCA SC 186 WG 3 Committee on Cockpit Displays of Traffic
    Information (CDTI)

-   Chairman of Human Factors Issues Subgroup of SC 186 WG 3 CDTI
    Committee

-   Member of SAE G-10 Subcommittee on Free Flight Human Factors

April 1994 to April 1997 - Research Psychologist in the Flight Deck
Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA.

-   Research and development of display concepts for Cockpit Situational
    Displays

-   Research and development of synthetic perspective displays for the
    active control of flight and surface operations (supporting FAA
    Terminal Area Productivity program, and NASA-Industry High Speed
    Research program).

-   Investigation and characterization of surface movement system at
    Atlanta-Hartsfield International Airport (supporting NASA-FAA
    Surface Movement Advisor program).

-   Member of RTCA SC 186 WG 3 Committee on Cockpit Displays of Traffic
    Information (CDTI)

-   Member of SAE G-10 Subcommittee on Free Flight Human Factors

-   Member of Flight Management and Human Factors Division
    reorganization advisory "Red Team"

April 1988 to 1994 - Research Psychologist in the Rotorcraft Human
Factors Research Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA.

-   Research and development of synthetic perspective displays for the
    active control of flight (supporting NASA project to evaluate
    simulator cueing requirements, FAA Terminal Area Productivity
    program, and NASA-Industry High Speed Research program).

-   Arabian Lights - NASA project to design and evaluate solutions to
    U.S. Army rotorcraft terrain avoidance problems during Operation
    Desert Storm

-   Organized and chaired the [1989 NASA Summer Workshop on the Visually
    Guided Control of Movement]{.underline}, at NASA Ames Research
    Center, Moffett Field, CA.

February 1986 to April 1988 - Post Doctoral Research Associate (NRC) at
NASA Ames Research Center at Moffett Field, CA.

-   Investigation of the use of synthetic perspective displays for the
    active control of flight.

-   Investigation of the influence of temporal factors upon perception,
    performance, and rated workload.

June 1985 to January 1986 - Engineering Research Psychologist at the
Navy Personel Research and Development Center at San Diego, CA.

-   Investigation of the cognitive factors influencing computer
    programming strategies and problems.

January 1982 to January 1985 - Research Assistant at the On-Line
Computer

Library Center in Dublin, Ohio.

-   Development of linear models for predicting the degree of use of
    on-line card catalogs; and estimating the number of terminals
    necessary to avoid queuing problems.

-   Analysis of patterns of human-computer interaction in various
    on-line catalogs, with emphasis upon identifying Markov and higher
    order stochastic processes.

June 1980 to September 1980 - Psychologist (GS-7) for the Human
Resources Laboratory at Wright Patterson Air Force Base.

-   Review and analysis of techniques for the assessment of human
    factors in Command Control Communications Systems.

**Publications:**

Johnson, W., Bilimoria, K., Thomas, L., Lee, H., Liao, M., and Battiste,
V. (2006) Comparison of Pilot and Automation Generated Conflict
Resolutions. Draft to be submitted to the AIAA GNC Journal

Johnson, W.W., Battiste, V., and Holland, S. (2000) A cockpit display
designed to enable limited flight deck separation responsibility. [SAE
Transactions - Journal of Aerospace. 108]{.underline} (1).

Johnson, W.W., Battiste, V., Delzell, S., Holland, S., Belcher, S.
Jordan, K. (1998). Development and Demonstration of a Prototype Free
Flight Cockpit Display of Traffic Information. [SAE Transactions -
Journal of Aerospace. 106]{.underline} (1).

Johnson, W.W., Andre, A.D., & Kruk, R.V. (1993). Visual cues in flight
simulation: An evaluation of stereo effectiveness. [SAE Transactions -
Journal of Aerospace. 108]{.underline}1(1)..

Johnson, W.W., and Kaiser, M.K. (1990). Editors of the [Proceedings of
the 1989 NASA Summer Workshop on the Visually Guided Control of
Movement]{.underline}, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA.

Johnson, W.W. & Phatak, A.V. (1990). Modeling the pilot in visually
controlled flight. [IEEE Control Systems Magazine]{.underline},
[10]{.underline}, 24-26.

Johnson, W.W., Tsang, P.S., Bennett, C.T., & Phatak, A.V. (1989). The
visual control of simulated altitude. [Aviation, Space and Environmental
Medicine]{.underline}**,** [60]{.underline}, 152-156.

Battiste, V. and Johnson, W.W. (1999). Development of a Cockpit
Situation Display for Free-Flight. [SAE Transactions - Journal of
Aerospace. 107]{.underline} (1)..

Boltz, M., Marshburn, B., Jones, M., and Johnson, W. (1985) Serial
pattern structure and temporal order recognition. [Perception and
Psychophysics]{.underline}**,** [37]{.underline}, 209-217.

Jagacinski, R. J., Johnson, W.W., & Miller, R. A. (1983). Quantifying
the cognitive trajectories of extrapolated movements. [Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance]{.underline},
[9]{.underline}, 43-57.

Kaiser, M. & Johnson, W. W. (2003). How now, broad tau? In H. Hecht & G.
J. P. Savelsbergh (Eds.), [Theories of Time to Contact]{.underline}.
North-Holland Publishers.

Liao, M. & Johnson, W. W. (2004). Characterizing the effects of
droplines on target acquisition performance on a 3-D perspective
display. [Human Factors]{.underline}, 46, 476-96.

Miller, R.A., Jagacinski, R.J., Nalavade, R.B., & Johnson, W.W. (1982) A
finite-state description of coordination in a two-handed target
acquisition task. [IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and
Cybernetics]{.underline}**,** [SMC-12]{.underline}, 529-538.

Tsang, P.S. & Johnson, W.W. (1989). Automation: Changes in cognitive
demand and mental workload. [Aviation, Space, and Environmental
Medicine]{.underline}**,** [60]{.underline}, 130-135.

**Proceedings:**

Johnson, W. W, Liao, M., and Granada, S. (2005). Effects of Symbol
Brightness Cueing on Attention During a Visual Search of a Cockpit
Display of Traffic Information. To appear in the Proceedings of the
Human Factors and Ergonomics Society\'s 49th Annual Meeting, Orlando, F.

Johnson, W. W., Battiste, V., Granada, S., Johnson, N., Dao, A. Q.,
Wong, D., & Tang, A. (2005). A simulation evaluation of a human-centered
approach to flight deck procedures and automation for en route free
maneuvering. *In the Proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on
Aviation Psychology,* Oklahoma City, OK

Johnson, W. W., Liao, M., Granada, S., & Jordan, K. (2003). Sensitivity
and Bias in searches of Cockpit display of traffic information utilizing
highlighting/lowlighting. [Proceedings of the 12th International
Symposium on Aviation Psychology]{.underline}, Dayton, Ohio.

Johnson, W., Bilimoria, K., Thomas, L., Lee., & Battiste, V. (2003).
Comparison of pilot and automation generated conflict resolutions.
[Proceedings of the AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference
and Exhibit]{.underline}, Austin, TX.

Johnson, W. W., Liao, M., Granada, S., & Jordan, K. (2003). Sensitivity
and Bias in searches of Cockpit display of traffic information utilizing
highlighting/lowlighting. [Proceedings of the 12th International
Symposium on Aviation Psychology]{.underline}, Dayton, Ohio.

Johnson, W. W., Liao, M. & Granada, S. (2002) Effects of Symbol
Brightness Cueing on Attention During a Visual Search of a Cockpit
Display of Traffic Information. Presented at and in the Proceedings of
the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 46rd Annual Meeting, Baltimore,
MD.

Johnson, W. W. & Duley, J. (2002) Practical Human Factors Issues in the
Design of a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information for Distributed
Air-Ground Operations

. Presentation at the IAIPT J12 Technical Interchange Meeting, February
5-6, 2002, Washington, DC.

Johnson, W. W., Liao, M., and Tse, S. (1999). The effect of symbology
location and format on attentional deployment within a cockpit display
of traffic information. In the Proceedings of the Human Factors and
Ergonomics Society 43^rd^ Annual Meeting, Houston, Texas.

Johnson, W. W. & Kaiser, M. K. (1996). Virtual windows for vehicle
simulation. [Proceedings of the 1996 IMAGE Conference]{.underline},
Scottsdale, Arizona.

Johnson, W. W., and Kaiser, M. K. (1995). Perspective imagery in
synthetic scenes used to control and guide aircraft during landing and
taxi: Some issues and concerns. In Jacques G. Verly (Ed.), [Synthetic
Vision for Vehicle Guidance and Control]{.underline}, Proc. SPIE 2463,
194-205 (1995).

Johnson, W. W. and Schroeder, J. A. (1995). Visual-motion cueing in the
control of altitude. To appear in the Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE
International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Vancouver,
British Columbia, Canada, October, 1995.

Johnson, W.W. & Awe., C.A. (1993). Use of optical edge and optical flow
rate infomration in the perception and control of ground velocity. In
the [Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Aviation
Psychology]{.underline}, Columbus, Ohio, 1993.

Johnson, W. W., & Andre, A. D. (1993). Visual cueing aids to rotocraft
landings. In C. L. Blanken, J. V. Lebacqz, R. H. Stroub, & M. S. Whalley
(Eds.), [Proceedings of piloting vertical flight aircraft: A conference
on flying qualities and human factors]{.underline} (pp. 4.1 - 4.20). San
Francisco, California: American Helicopter Society/NASA.

Johnson, W.W. (1993). An integration of the ecological and engineering
approaches to control of locomotion. In the [Proceedings of the Seventh
International Conference on Event Perception and Action]{.underline}, p.
109, Vancouver, Canada.

Johnson, W.W., Andre, A.D., & Kruk, R.V. (1992). Visual cues in flight
simulation: An evaluation of stereo effectivenss. In the [Proceedings of
the SAE Aerotech \'92 Conference]{.underline}, Anaheim, CA.

Johnson, W.W., and Phatak, A.V. (1990) Modeling human visuo-motor
strategy in vehicle control. [Proceedings of the 1990 IEEE Conference on
Systems, Man & Cybernetics]{.underline}, Los Angeles, CA.

Johnson, W.W., and Kaiser, M.K. (1990). Editors of the [Proceedings of
the 1989 NASA Summer Workshop on the Visually Guided Control of
Movement]{.underline}, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA.

Johnson, W.W., & Phatak, A.V. (1989). Optical variables and control
strategy used in a visual hover task. In the [Proceedings of the 1989
IEEE Conference on Systems, Man, & Cybernetics]{.underline}, Cambridge,
MA.

Johnson, W.W., & Hart, S.G. (1987). Step Tracking Shrinking Targets. In
the [Proceedings of 31st Annual Meeting of the Human Factors
Society]{.underline}**,** 1987, New York, New York.

Johnson, W.W., Tsang, P.S., Bennett, C.T., and Phatak, A.V. (1987). The
visual control of simulated altitude. [Proceedings of the Fourth
Symposium on Aviation Psychology]{.underline}, (pp. 216-222), Columbus,
Ohio.

Andre, A. D. & Johnson, W. W. (1992). Stereo effectiveness evaluation
for precision hover tasks in a helmet-mounted display simulator. In the
[Proceedings of the 1992 IEEE Conference on Systems, Man, and
Cybernetics]{.underline}, Chicago, IL.

Awe, C.A. & Johnson, W.W. (1993). The effect of scene content on speed,
time, and distance perception. In the [Proceedings of the Seventh
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology]{.underline}, Columbus,
Ohio.

Awe, W.W. & Johnson, W.W. (1991). Time estimation in flight. In the
[Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Aviation
Psychology]{.underline}, 560-565. Columbus: Ohio State University,
Department of Aviation.

Awe, C. A., Johnson, W. W., & Schmitz, F. (1989). Inflexibility in
selecting the optical basis for perceiving speed. [Proceedings of the
Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting]{.underline}, [2]{.underline},
1440‑1444.

Barhydt, R., Kopardekar, P., Battiste, V., Doble, N., Johnson, W., Lee,
P., and Smith, N. (2005). Joint NASA Ames/Langley experimental
evaluation of integrated air/ground operations for en route free
maneuvering. To be presented at 6th USA/Europe ATM R&D Seminar,
Baltimore, ML, June 2005.

Battiste, V., Palmer, E., Johnson, W., Smith, N., Prevot, T., Mercer,
J., Granada, S., Johnson, N., Dao, Q., & Lee, P. (2005). Human centered
decision support tools for arrival merging and spacing. *In the
Proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Aviation Psychology,*
Oklahoma City, OK

Battiste, V., Johnson, W., Kopardekar, P., Lozito, S., Mogford, R.,
Palmer, E., Prevot, T., Sacco, N., Shelden, S., & Smith, N. (2002).
Distributed Air/Ground Traffic Management --Technology and Concept
Demonstration Report. Presented at and in the Proceedings of the 2002
AIAA Aircraft Technology, Operations and Integration Forum, Los Angeles,
CA.

Battiste, V., Johnson, W.W., and Holland, S. (2001). Enabling Strategic
Flight Deck Route Re-Planning Within A Modified ATC Environment: The
Display of 4-D Intent Information on a CSD. Proceeding of the 2000 SAE
World Aviation Congress and Exposition, San Diego, CA.

Bennett, C.T., Johnson, W.W., Perrone, J.A., & Phatak, A.V. (1989).
Synthetic perspective optical flow: Influence on pilot control task. In
the [Proceedings of the Spatial Displays and Spatial Instruments
Conference and Workshop]{.underline} (NASA CP-10032, pp. 40-1 - 40-9).
Washington, D.C.

Callantine, T., Prevot, T., Battiste, V., & Johnson, W. (2003).
Agent-based support for distributed air/ground traffice management
simulation research. [Proceedings of the AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and
Control Conference and Exhibit]{.underline}, Austin, TX.

Canton, R., Refai, M., Johnson, W., & Battiste, V. (2005). Development
and integration of human-centered conflict detection and resolution
tools for airborne autonomous operations. *In the Proceedings of the
2005 International Symposium on Aviation Psychology,* Oklahoma City, OK

Chung, W.W., Schroeder, J.A., and Johnson, W.W. (1997) Effects of
Vehicle Bandwidth and Visual Spatial-Frequency on Simulation Cueing
Synchronization Requirements, AIAA Paper 97-3655, AIAA Atmospheric
Flight Mechanics Conference, New Orleans, LA.

Comerford. D. & Johnson, W. W. (2003) A Virtual Workspace. Paper
submitted to [Human Factors and Ergonomics Magazine]{.underline}.

Corker, K.M., Foyle, D. and Johnson, W. (1999). Critical Component.
(1999). Flight Deck International. With D. Foyle and Walter Johnson.
September.

Delzell, S., Johnson, W., and Liao, M. (1998). Pilots' Spatial Mental
Models for Memory of Heading and Altitude. In the [Proceedings of the
17th Digital Avionics System Conference]{.underline}, Bellevue,
Washington.

Granada, S., Dao, A. Q., Wong, W., Johnson, W. W., & Battiste, V.
(2005). Development and integration of a human-centered volumetric
cockpit display for distributed air-ground operations. *In the
Proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Aviation Psychology,*
Oklahoma City, OK

Johnson, N. H., Canton, R., Battiste, V., & Johnson, W. W. (2005).
Distributed ari/ground traffic management en-route free maneuvering
rules of the road: requirements and implementation for a simulation of
en-route self-seperation. *In the Proceedings of International Symposium
on Aviation Psychology*.: Oklahoma City, OK.

Kaiser, M.K., Johnson, W.W., Mowafy, M., Hennessy, R.T., & Matsumoto,
J.A. (1992). Visual augmentation for night flight over featureless
terrain. In the [Proceedings of the American Helicopter Society 48th
Annual Forum]{.underline}, [1]{.underline}, 275-280. Washington, D.C.,
June.

Kopardekar, P., Battiste, V., Johnson, W., Smith, N., Palmer, E.,
Barhydt, R., Palmer, M., Wing, D., Lee, P., Prevot, T., Mercer, J.,
Mafera, P., Hitt, J., Doble, N., and D'Arcy, J. F. (2004*). Distributed
Air-Ground Traffic Management Concept Element 5: En Route Free
Maneuvering Joint Ames/Langley Experimental Evaluation of Integrated
Air/Ground En Route Operations.* (Milestone Report 8.503.7 Deliverable
Submitted to the AATT Project Office).

Kopardekar, P., Battiste, V., Johnson, W., Mogford, R., Palmer, E.,
Smith, N., D'Arcy, J., Helbing, K., Mafera, P., Lee, P., Mercer, J.,
Prevot, T., & Shelden, S. (2003). Distributed air/ground traffic
management: Results of preliminary human-in-the-loop simulation.
[Proceedings of the 22^nd^ Digital Avionics Symposium]{.underline},
Indianapolis, IN.

Laudeman, I.V. & Johnson, W.W. (1993). Situational awareness: Passive
observation and active control. In the [Proceedings of the Seventh
International Conference on Event Perception and Action]{.underline}, p.
340. Vancouver, Canada.

Lee, P. U., D\'Arcy, J. F., Mafera, P., Smith, N., Battiste, V.,
Johnson, W., Mercer, J., Palmer, E. A., Prevot, T. (2004). "Trajectory
Negotiation via Data Link: Evaluation of Human-in-the-loop Simulation."
International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction in Aeronautics,
Toulouse, France.

Lee, P, Mercer, J., Martin, L., Prevot, T, Shelden, S., Verma, S.
Battiste, V., Johnson, W., Mogford, R., Palmer, E., & Smith, N. (2003).
Free maneuvering, trajectory negotiation, and self-spacing concepts in
distributed air-ground management. [Proceedings of the 5^th^ USA/Europe
Air Traffic Management R&D Seminar]{.underline}, Budapest, Hungary.

Liao, M.. & Johnson, W. W. (2002) The effects of monocular cues on a 3-D
target acquisition task. Presented at and in the Proceedings of the
Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 46rd Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD.

Liao, M and Johnson, W. W. (2001) Effects of transformed visual-motor
spatial mappings and droplines on 3-D target acquisition strategy and
performance. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
45rd Annual Meeting, Minneapoli, Minnesota.

Livack, G., McDaniel, J., Battiste, V, & Johnson, W. (1999). Human
factors considerations in automatic dependent surveillance - Broadcast
(ADS-B) flight operations. In the Proceedings of ICAO\'s Fourth Global
Flight Safety and Human Factors Symposium, Santiago, Chile, April 12-15,
1999.

Owen, D. H., & Johnson, W. W. (1992). An information ­based approach to
simulation research. In Feik, R. A. (Ed.), [Proceedings of the Future
Directions in Simulation Workshop]{.underline}. Melbourne, Australia:
Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Aeronautical Research
Laboratory, Aircraft Systems Division.

Prevot, T., Callantine, T., Lee, P., Mercer, J., Battiste, V., Johnson,
W., Palmer, E., and Smith, N. (In-press). Co-operative Air Traffic
Management: A Technology Enabled Concept for the Next Generation Air
Transportation System. To be presented at 6th USA/Europe ATM R&D
Seminar, Baltimore, ML, June 2005.

Prevot, T., Shelden, S., Palmer, E., Johnson, W., Battiste, V., Smith,
N., Callantine, T., Lee, P., & Mercer, J. (2003). Distributed air/ground
traffic management simulation: Results, progress, plans. [Proceedings of
the AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference and
Exhibit]{.underline}, Austin, TX.

Riley, V. Sierra, E., Chatterji, G., Mogford, R., Johnson, W.,
Kopardekar, P., and Lawton, G. (2005). Pilots, airspace complexity, and
strategic conflict avoidance. *In the Proceedings of the 2005
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology,* Oklahoma City, OK

Riley, R., Sierra, E., Johnson, W., Mogford, R., Kopardekar, P.
Chatterji, G, & Lawton, G. (2003). Pilot perceptions of airspace
complexity. [Proceedings of the 22^nd^ Digital Avionics
Symposium]{.underline}, Indianapolis, IN.

Schroeder, J.A. & Johnson, W.W. (1996). Yaw Motion Cues in Helicopter
Simulation, Paper No. 5, AGARD CP-577, [Flight Simulation - Where are
the Challenges?]{.underline}, Braunschweig, Germany, April, 1996

Schroeder, J.A., & Johnson, W.W. (1994). Vertical axis rotational motion
cues in hovering flight simulation. Presented at the AIAA Flight
Simulation Technologies Conference, August 1994, Scottsdate, AZ. AIAA
94-3432.

Smith, N., Lee, P., Prevôt, T., Mercer, J., Palmer, E., Battiste, V.,
and Johnson, W. (2004). A human-in-the-loop evaluation of air-ground
trajectory negotiation, AIAA-2004-6260, American Institute of
Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA.

Thomas, L. C. and Johnson, W.W. (2001) Evaluation of CDTI Dynamic
Predictor Display Technology. In the Proceedings of the Human Factors
and Ergonomics Society 45rd Annual Meeting, Minneapoli, Minnesota.

Tsang, P.S. & Johnson, W.W. (1989). Automation: Changes in cognitive
demand and mental workload. [Aviation, Space, and Environmental
Medicine]{.underline}**,** [60]{.underline}, 130-135.

**Presentations:**

Johnson, W., and Battiste, V. Co-chairs. (2005). Distributed Air-Ground
Management (DAG-TM) Systems and Procedures (Sessions 1 and 2). *2005
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology,* Oklahoma City, OK

Johnson, W., Battiste, V., Granada, S., Dao, Q., and Johnson, N. (2004).
A Simulation Evaluation of a Human Centered Approach to Flight Deck
Procedures and Automation for En Route Maneuvering. Presented a the NASA
Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate Human Factors Symposium Moffett
Field, CA, 19 October 2004

Johnson, W., Bilimoria, K., Thomas, L., Lee, H., and Battiste, V.
(2004). Comparison of Pilot and Automation Generated Conflict
Resolutions. Presented a the NASA Aeronautics Research Mission
Directorate Human Factors Symposium Moffett Field, CA, 19 October 2004

Johnson, W. W., Liao, M., Granada, S., & Jordan, K. (2003). Sensitivity
and Bias in searches of Cockpit display of traffic information utilizing
highlighting/lowlighting. Presentation at the [12th International
Symposium on Aviation Psychology]{.underline}, Dayton, Ohio.

Johnson, W. (2003). Distributed air/ground traffic management (DAGTM)
and future vision. Session chair, at the [22^nd^ Digital Avionics
Symposium]{.underline}, Indianapolis, IN.

Johnson, W., Bilimoria, K., Thomas, L., Lee., & Battiste, V. (2003).
Comparison of pilot and automation generated conflict resolutions.
Presentation at the [AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference
and Exhibit]{.underline}, Austin, TX.

Johnson, W., & Mogford, R. (2003). Distributed air/ground management.
Presentation at the [22^nd^ Digital Avionics Symposium]{.underline},
Indianapolis, IN.

Johnson, W., Battiste, V, Wickens, C, Endsley, M, Domino, D, Donovan,
C., Shay, R., and Truitt, T. (2003). Organizer and chair of panel
discussion "Situational Awareness Information on the Flight Deck: What
is it, and what is it for?", at the [12th International Symposium on
Aviation Psychology]{.underline}, Dayton, Ohio.

Johnson, W.W. (2002). User Directed Conflict Resolutions for Simple Two
Aircraft Conflicts: Some Data and Issues Briefing to AFC branch of AF
Division, June 3, 2002

Johnson, W.W., Thomas, L. & Battiste, V. (2001). An Evaluation of CDTI
Dynamic Predictor Display Technology. Paper presented at the 2000 SAE
World Aviation Congress and Exposition, San Diego, CA.

Johnson, W.W. (2000). A Cockpit Display Designed to Enable Limited
Flight Deck Separation Responsibility. Presentation to Executive
Steering Committee of AATT on CDTI work (Langley, VA)

Johnson, W.W. (2000). A Cockpit Display Designed to Enable Limited
Flight Deck Separation Responsibility. Presentation to SAE Executive
Committer on CDTI work (South Tahoe, CA)

Johnson, W. W. & Battiste, V. (1997) Cockpit situational awareness
display concepts development: Overview. Presented at the [Ninth
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology]{.underline}.

Johnson, W.W. and Schroeder, J.A. (1994, October). Visual and Motion
Cueing in Altitude and Yaw Control. Poster presentation at the [37th
Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society]{.underline}.

Johnson, W.W. (1993, August). An integration of the ecological and
engineering approaches to control of locomotion. In the [Proceedings of
the Seventh International Conference on Event Perception and
Action]{.underline}, p. 109, Vancouver, Canada.

Johnson, W.W. (1993). Optical information in landing scenes. Paper
presented at the Augemented Vision and Display Workshop, NASA Ames
Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, April.

Johnson, W.W., Kaiser, M.K., & Foyle, D.C. (1992). Beyond the cockpit:
The visual world as a flight instrument. Paper presented at the 63rd
Annual Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association, Miami
Beach, FL, May.

Johnson, W.W. (1991). Scene related optical information potentially
important for flight control. Paper presented at the [NASA/FAA
Helicopter Simulator Workshop]{.underline}, Santa Clara, CA, April.

Johnson, W.W., Kaiser, M.K., Perrone, J., & Awe, C.A. (1991). Vehicle
orientation: The perception of surface slant and glideslope. Paper
presented at the [Sixth International Symposium on Aviation
Psychology]{.underline}, Columbus, Ohio, April.

Johnson, W.W. (1990, August) Methodological issues in the use of the
XTAR Falcon simulator for rotorcraft research. Presented at the workshop
on [The Control of Self-Motion: Methodological Issues]{.underline},
Dayton, Ohio.

Johnson, W.W. (1989, October) The direct use of 2-D optical information
for self-movement regulation. Paper presented in Viusally Guided Control
of Self Motion panel at the [33rd Annual Meeting of the Human Factors
Society]{.underline}, Denver, Colorado.

Johnson, W.W., Bennett, C.T., O\'Donnell, K., & Phatak, A. (1988).
Optical variables useful in the active control of altitude. Paper
presented at the [The 23rd Annual Conference on Manual
Control]{.underline}, Cambridge, MA.

Johnson, W.W. (1983, May). Correspondences between perception and
extrapolation. Paper presented at [The Fifty-fifth Annual Meeting of the
Midwestern Psychological Association]{.underline}, Chicago, Illinois.

Battiste, V., Palmer, E., Johnson, W., Mercer, J., Granada, S., Johnson,
N., Ptrevot, T., and Dao, Q. ((2004). Human Centered Decision Support
Tools for Arrival Merging and Spacing. Presented a the NASA Aeronautics
Research Mission Directorate Human Factors Symposium Moffett Field, CA,
19 October 2004

Battiste, V. & Johnson, W.W. (2002) Cockpit Situation Displays.
Presentation to the Boeing Company's Flight Deck of the Future group,
May, 2002, Seattle, WA

Battiste, V., and Johnson, W.W. A transition to free flight. ASAS
Technical Interchange Meeting, November 2000, Bretigny, France.

Bennett, C.T., Johnson, W.W., Braunstein, G.F., Flach, J.M., Wolpert,
L., & Zacharias, G.L. (1988, November). Perspective Displays: The
control of motion in 3-D space. Panel participant at the [32nd Annual
Meeting of the Human Factors Society]{.underline}.

Bennett, C.T., O\'Donnell, K.A., & Johnson, W.W. (1988, June). Dynamic
perspective displays and the control of tilt-rotor aircraft in simulated
flight. Paper presented at the [44th Annual Forum of the American
Heliocopter Society]{.underline}, Washington, D.C.

Bennett, C.T., Johnson, W.W., Perrone, J. & Phatak, A.V. (1987, August).
Synthetic perspective optical flow: Influence on pilot control tasks.
Paper presented at the [Spatial Displays and Spatial Instruments
Symposium and Workshop]{.underline}, Asilomar, California.

Bernstein, L.J., Kaiser, M.K., & Johnson, W.W. (March, 1997).
Contingency of integrating multiple features as revealed by illusory
conjunctions. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive
Neuroscience Society.

Bernstein, L. J., Kaiser, M. K., & Johnson, W. W. (November, 1996).
Illusory conjunctions of shape, color, and motion. Paper presented at
the 37th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society.

Miller, R.A., Jagacinski, R.J., Nalavade, R.B., and Johnson, W.W. (1981,
October). Plans and the structure of target acquisition behavior. Paper
presented at [The Twenty-fifth Annual Meeting of the Human Factors
Society]{.underline}, Rochester, New York.

Mowafy, L., Johnson, W.W., & Kaiser, M.K. (1991). Night flight over
limited-feature terrains: The use of cueing lights for flight control.
Poster presentation at the 35th Annual Human Factors Society Meeting,
San Francisco, CA, September.

Riley, R., Sierra, E., Johnson, W., Mogford, R., Kopardekar, P.
Chatterji, G, & Lawton, G. (2003). Pilot perceptions of airspace
complexity. Presented at the [22^nd^ Digital Avionics
Symposium]{.underline}, Indianapolis, IN.

Technical Reports

Johnson, W.W., Battiste, V., Delzell, S., Holland, S., Belcher, S.
Jordan, K. (1998). Development and Demonstration of a Prototype Free
Flight Cockpit Display of Traffic Information. NASA TM 2003-212273.

Johnson, W.W., Battiste, V., and Holland, S. (2003) A cockpit display
designed to enable limited flight deck separation responsibility. NASA
TM 2003-212261.

Johnson, W. W., Liao, M., & Granada, S. (2003). Effects of Symbol
Brightness Cueing on Attention During a Visual Search of a Cockpit
Display of Traffic Information. NASA TM 2003-212266.

Johnson, W. W., Liao, M., and Tse, S. (1999). The effect of symbology
location and format on attentional deployment within a cockpit display
of traffic information. NASA TM 2003-212264.

Johnson, W. W., Liao, M., Granada, S., & Jordan, K. (2003). Sensitivity
and Bias in searches of Cockpit display of traffic information utilizing
highlighting/lowlighting. NASA TM in preparation.

Johnson, W.W. and Awe, C.A. (1994). The selective use of functional
optical variables in the control of forward speed. NASA TM 108849.