[]{#Introduction
.anchor}![](media/image1.jpeg){width="2.213888888888889in"
height="3.0527777777777776in"}**Introduction**

The Lower Crooked 8-Digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) subbasin is
comprised of 1.2 million acres. Most of the subbasin is located in Crook
and Deschutes Counties. Sixty percent is public land, and the remainder
is under private ownership. There are 1,106 farms and 1,800 farmers and
ranchers in the subbasin. Notably, two-thirds of the farms in the
subbasin are less than 50 acres in size and nearly all of these are
operated by individuals who work off the farm and are relatively new to
agriculture and resource management.

Located in central Oregon, the Lower Crooked subbasin is largely
rangeland and forest land. Approximately half of the forest land is
under private industrial ownership, and the other half is under private,
non-industrial ownership. Overstocked lodgepole pine and ponderosa pine
and invasive weeds restrict the productivity for timber, grazing, and
wildlife habitat. Juniper is encroaching onto rangeland and ponderosa
pine sites.

Conservation assistance is provided by three NRCS service centers, one
soil survey office, one resource conservation and development (RC&D)
office, and two satellite field offices (Warm Springs Indian Reservation
and Hood River).

[]{#ProfileContents .anchor}**nts**

> [Introduction](#Introduction)
>
> [Physical Description](#PhysicalDescription)
>
> [Land Use Map & Precipitation Map](#Map)
>
> [Common Resource Area](#CRA)

[Resource Concerns](#ResConcerns)

[Census and Social Data](#census)

[Progress/Status](#ProgressStatus)

[Footnotes/Bibliography](#footnotes)

![](media/image3.jpeg){width="2.9in" height="3.8666666666666667in"}**\
Relief Map**

![](media/image4.jpeg){width="3.433333333333333in"
height="3.7111111111111112in"}

[]{#PhysicalDescription .anchor}**\
Physical Description** [*Back to Contents*](#ProfileContents)

***[ALL NUMBERS IN THIS PROFILE ARE FOR OREGON ONLY]{.mark}***

+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| **Land Cover/Land    | *    |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| Use**                | *Own |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | ersh |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| ***(NLCD*[^/         | ip - |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| 2^](#Footnote2)*)*** | *(   |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | 2003 |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | D    |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | raft |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | BLM  |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | Sur  |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | face |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | Map  |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | Set  |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | *[^/ |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | 1^]( |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | #Foo |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | tnot |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | e1)* |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      | **)* |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
|                      | **   |    | **P  |    | ** |   | **Tot | *  |
|                      | Publ |    | riva |    | Tr |   | als** | *% |
|                      | ic** |    | te** |    | ib |   |       | ** |
|                      |      |    |      |    | al |   |       |    |
|                      |      |    |      |    | ** |   |       |    |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
|                      | *    | *  | *    | *  | *  | * |       |    |
|                      | *Acr | *% | *Acr | *% | *A | * |       |    |
|                      | es** | ** | es** | ** | cr | % |       |    |
|                      |      |    |      |    | es | * |       |    |
|                      |      |    |      |    | ** | * |       |    |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| Forest               | 285  | 2  | 134  | 1  | 0  | 0 | *     | *  |
|                      | ,900 | 4% | ,200 | 1% |    | % | *420, | *3 |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   | 100** | 5% |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       | ** |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| Grain Crops          | \*   | \  | \*   | \  | 0  | 0 | *     | *  |
|                      |      | -\ |      | -\ |    | % | *\*** | *\ |
|                      |      | -- |      | -- |    |   |       | -\ |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       | -- |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       | ** |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| Conservation Reserve | 0    | 0% | \*   | \  | 0  | 0 | *     | *  |
| Program Land         |      |    |      | -\ |    | % | *\*** | *\ |
| [***^a^***](#crp)    |      |    |      | -- |    |   |       | -\ |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       | -- |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       | ** |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| Grass/Pasture/Hay    | 35   | 3% | 89   | 7% | 0  | 0 | *     | *  |
|                      | ,800 |    | ,900 |    |    | % | *125, | *1 |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   | 700** | 0% |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       | ** |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| Orchards/Vineyards   | 0    | 0% | 0    | 0% | 0  | 0 | **0** | ** |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    | % |       | 0% |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       | ** |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| Row Crops            | 0    | 0% | \*   | \  | 0  | 0 | *     | *  |
|                      |      |    |      | -\ |    | % | *\*** | *\ |
|                      |      |    |      | -- |    |   |       | -\ |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       | -- |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       | ** |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| Shrub/Rangelands     | 393  | 3  | 245  | 2  | 0  | 0 | *     | *  |
|                      | ,200 | 3% | ,600 | 0% |    | % | *638, | *5 |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   | 800** | 3% |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       | ** |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| Water/Wetla          | \*   | \  | \*   | \  | 0  | 0 | **11, | ** |
| nds/Developed/Barren |      | -\ |      | -\ |    | % | 000** | 1% |
|                      |      | -- |      | -- |    |   |       | ** |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| **Oregon HUC Totals  | **7  | *  | **4  | *  | *  | * | **1   | ** |
| [*b*](#Totals)**     | 20,1 | *6 | 84,0 | *4 | *0 | * | ,204, | 10 |
|                      | 00** | 0% | 00** | 0% | ** | 0 | 100** | 0% |
|                      |      | ** |      | ** |    | % |       | ** |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    | * |       |    |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    | * |       |    |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| *\*: Less than one   |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| percent of total     |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| acres. See below for |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| special              |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| considerations.*     |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| []{#crp .anchor}*a:  |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| Estimate from Farm   |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| Service Agency       |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| records and includes |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| CRP/CREP.*           |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| []{#Totals           |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| .anchor}*b: Totals   |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| are approximate due  |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| to rounding and      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| small unknown        |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| acreages.*           |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+
| **[Special           |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| Considerations for   |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| This 8-Digit         |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| HUC:]{.underline}**  |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| -   Approximately    |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     fifty percent of |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     private forest   |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     land is under    |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     industrial       |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     forest           |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     ownership.       |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| -   Pasture and hay  |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     is associated    |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     with both ranch  |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     and small farm   |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     operations.      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|                      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
| -   Row crops and    |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     other specialty  |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     crops include    |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     potatoes,        |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     vegetable seed,  |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     garlic, mint,    |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     and nursery      |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
|     crops.           |      |    |      |    |    |   |       |    |
+----------------------+------+----+------+----+----+---+-------+----+

  --------------------------- -------------------- ------------- ------------- ---------
  **Irrigated Lands**\        **Type of Land**     **ACRES**     **% of\       **% of\
  *(1997                                                         Irrigated     HUC**
  NRI*[^/3^](#Footnote3nri)                                      Lands**       
  *Estimates for Non-Federal                                                   
  Lands Only)*                                                                 

                              Cultivated Cropland  20,200        19%           2%

                              Uncultivated         38,400        35%           3%
                              Cropland                                         

                              Pastureland          50,200        46%           4%

                              **Total Irrigated    **108,800**   **100%**      **9%**
                              Lands**                                          
  --------------------------- -------------------- ------------- ------------- ---------

***(Continued on the following pages)***

[]{#Map .anchor}![](media/image5.jpeg){width="4.298611111111111in"
height="5.125in"} [*Back to Contents*](#ProfileContents)

![](media/image6.jpeg){width="3.442361111111111in"
height="4.425694444444445in"}

[]{#CRA .anchor}**Common Resource Area Map** [*Back to
Contents*](#ProfileContents)

**Only the major units are described below - for descriptions of every
unit within the HUC, go to:**
<http://ice.or.nrcs.usda.gov/website/cra/viewer.htm>

![](media/image7.jpeg){width="4.213888888888889in"
height="5.554861111111111in"}**[6.11 - Cascade Mountains, Eastern
Slope - Pumice Plateau Forest:]{.underline}** This unit occurs on the
southern extreme of the MLRA and is characterized by nearly level to
undulating pumice-mantled plateaus that support dominantly lodgepole
pine and ponderosa pine. The soils consist of deep deposits of ash and
pumice from Mt. Mazama. Cold temperatures and frost limit the production
of ponderosa pine. The temperature regime is cryic, and the moisture
regime is xeric.

**[10.12 - Central Rocky and Blue Mountain Foothills - Cool Dry Blue
Mountain Foothills:]{.underline}** This unit is characterized by
rangeland soils on hills and mountains associated with basalt. The
dominant soils are those of the Searles, Redcliff, Choptie, and Madeline
series. The temperature regime is frigid, and the moisture regime is
aridic. The mean annual precipitation is 10 to 12 inches. The vegetation
is dominantly Wyoming big sagebrush and bluebunch wheatgrass and a
lesser amount of Idaho fescue.

**[10.14 - Central Rocky and Blue Mountain Foothills - Bend-Redmond Lava
Plains:]{.underline}** This unit is characterized by moderately deep and
shallow soils that formed in ash from Mt. Mazama and are underlain by
basalt. Most areas are used for irrigated pasture and hay. Slopes are
nearly level to undulating. The dominant soils are those of the
Deschutes and Deskamp series. The soils are sandy loam or loamy sand
throughout. The temperature regime is mesic, and the moisture regime is
aridic.

**[23.1 - Malheur High Plateau - Ashy Pluvial Lake
Basins:]{.underline}** This unit is characterized by cold basins that
contain significant amounts of volcanic ash. These basins are Millican
Valley and Fort Rock Basin. The temperature regime is frigid, and the
moisture regime is aridic. The dominant soils are those of the Fort
Rock, Bonnick, Abert, Gardone, and Borobey series. Most of the soils are
well drained. Few wetlands are present.

**[43C.1 - Blue and Seven Devils Mountains - John Day-Clarno
Highlands:]{.underline}** This unit is characterized by forest land that
is underlain by the John Day/Clarno Formation. The temperature regime is
frigid, and the moisture regime is xeric. The vegetation is dominantly
ponderosa pine and scattered Douglas-fir. The amount of volcanic ash on
the soils is minimal. The soils typically are clayey and have a strongly
developed argillic horizon.

**Physical Description -- Continued** [*Back to
Contents*](#ProfileContents)

+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 |                           | **ACRES**  | **ACR    |
|                 |                           |            | E-FEET** |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
| **Irrigated     | Surface                   | 17,698     | 65,377   |
| Adjudicated     |                           |            |          |
| Water Rights**  |                           |            |          |
| *(OWRD*[^/4^]   |                           |            |          |
| (#Footnote4)*)* |                           |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | Well                      | 9,247      | 27,883   |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | Total Irrigated           | 26,945     | 93,259   |
|                 | Adjudicated Water Rights  |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
| **Stream Flow   | USGS 14087400 CROOKED     | **Total    | 1        |
| Data**          | RIVER BELOW OPAL SPRINGS, | Avg.       | ,124,938 |
|                 | NEAR CULVER, OR           | Yield**    |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 |                           | **May --   | 421,359  |
|                 |                           | Sept.      |          |
|                 |                           | Yield**    |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 |                           | **MILES**  | **P      |
|                 |                           |            | ERCENT** |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
| **Stream        | Total Miles -- Major      | 498        | \--      |
| Data**[^/5      | (100K Hydro GIS Layer)    |            |          |
| ^](#Footnote5)\ |                           |            |          |
| \               |                           |            |          |
| *\*Percent of   |                           |            |          |
| Total Miles\    |                           |            |          |
| of Streams in   |                           |            |          |
| HUC*            |                           |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | 303d/TMDL Listed Streams  | 105        | 21%      |
|                 | (DEQ)                     |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | Anadromous Fish Presence  | 0          | 0%       |
|                 | (StreamNet)               |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | Bull Trout Presence       | 1.4        | 0%       |
|                 | (StreamNet)               |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 |                           | **ACRES**  | **P      |
|                 |                           |            | ERCENT** |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
| **Land          | Forest                    | 13,407     | 38%      |
| Cover/Use**[^/  |                           |            |          |
| 2^](#Footnote2) |                           |            |          |
| Based on a      |                           |            |          |
| 100-foot        |                           |            |          |
| stretch on      |                           |            |          |
| both\           |                           |            |          |
| sides of all    |                           |            |          |
| streams\        |                           |            |          |
| in the 100K     |                           |            |          |
| Hydro GIS Layer |                           |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | Grain Crops               | 235        | 1%       |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | Grass/Pasture/Hay         | 6,606      | 18%      |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | Orchards/Vineyards        | 0          | 0%       |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | Row Crops                 | 147        | 0%       |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | Shrub/Rangelands --       | 14,553     | 41%      |
|                 | Includes CRP Lands        |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | Water/                    | 779        | 2%       |
|                 | Wetlands/Developed/Barren |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | **Total Acres of 100-foot | **35,729** | **\--**  |
|                 | Stream Buffers**          |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
| **Land          | **1** -- slight           | 0          | 0%       |
| Capability      | limitations               |            |          |
| Class**         |                           |            |          |
|                 |                           |            |          |
| *(Croplands &   |                           |            |          |
| Pasturelands    |                           |            |          |
| Only)*          |                           |            |          |
|                 |                           |            |          |
| *(1997          |                           |            |          |
| NRI*[^/3^]      |                           |            |          |
| (#Footnote3nri) |                           |            |          |
| *Estimates for  |                           |            |          |
| Non-Federal     |                           |            |          |
| Lands Only)*    |                           |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | **2** -- moderate         | 15,000     | 12%      |
|                 | limitations               |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | **3** -- severe           | 76,200     | 63%      |
|                 | limitations               |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | **4** -- very severe      | 17,100     | 14%      |
|                 | limitations               |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | **5** -- no erosion       | 0          | 0%       |
|                 | hazard, but other         |            |          |
|                 | limitations               |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | **6** -- severe           | 12,800     | 11%      |
|                 | limitations; unsuitable   |            |          |
|                 | for cultivation; limited  |            |          |
|                 | to pasture, range, forest |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | **7** -- very severe      | 0          | 0%       |
|                 | limitations; unsuitable   |            |          |
|                 | for cultivation; limited  |            |          |
|                 | to grazing, forest,       |            |          |
|                 | wildlife habitat          |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | **8** -- miscellaneous    | 0          | 0%       |
|                 | areas; limited to         |            |          |
|                 | recreation, wildlife      |            |          |
|                 | habitat, water supply     |            |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+
|                 | **Total Croplands &       | *          | **\--**  |
|                 | Pasturelands**            | *121,100** |          |
+-----------------+---------------------------+------------+----------+

  --------------------- ----------- ------------- ------------- ----------- ---------- -----------
  **Confined Animal                                                                    
  Feeding Operations --                                                                
  Oregon CAFO Permit --                                                                
  12/2004**                                                                            

  **Animal Type**       **Dairy**   **Feedlot**   **Poultry**   **Swine**   **Mink**   **Other**

  **No. of Permitted    5           4             0             0           0          2
  Farms**                                                                              

  **No. of Permitted    2,235       7,000         0             0           0          700
  Animals**                                                                            
  --------------------- ----------- ------------- ------------- ----------- ---------- -----------

[]{#ResConcerns .anchor}**Resource Concerns** [*Back to
Contents*](#ProfileContents)

-   ![](media/image2.wmf)Sheet and rill erosion by water on the cropland
    and pastureland has been reduced by more than 10,000 tons of soil
    per year from 1982 to 1997.

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   NRI estimates indicate that 6,000 acres of the agricultural lands
    still had water erosion rates above a sustainable level in 1997.

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   Controlling erosion not only sustains the long-term productivity of
    the land, but it also affects the amount of soil, pesticides,
    fertilizer, and other substances that move into the Nation's waters.

```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
-   ![](media/image3.wmf){width="4.0in" height="2.3in"}All water quality
    limited streams have temperatures exceeding State water quality
    standards. Elevated stream temperatures may be due to inadequate
    riparian shade, stream channel widening, warm irrigation return
    flows, and other anthropogenic or natural causes.

-   Conservation practices that can be used to address these water
    quality issues include grazing management, irrigation water
    management, and use of riparian buffers.

+-------------+------------+---+---------------------+-----------------+
| **Watershed |            |   |                     |                 |
| Projects,   |            |   |                     |                 |
| Plans,      |            |   |                     |                 |
| Studies,    |            |   |                     |                 |
| and         |            |   |                     |                 |
| As          |            |   |                     |                 |
| sessments** |            |   |                     |                 |
+-------------+------------+---+---------------------+-----------------+
| **NRCS      |            |   | **NRCS Watershed    |                 |
| Watershed   |            |   | Plans, Studies, and |                 |
| Proje       |            |   | Assessments         |                 |
| cts[^6^](#F |            |   | [^7^](#Footnote7)** |                 |
| ootnote6)** |            |   |                     |                 |
+-------------+------------+---+---------------------+-----------------+
| **Name**    | **Status** |   | **Name**            | **Status**      |
+-------------+------------+---+---------------------+-----------------+
| Juniper     | I          |   | None                |                 |
| Canyon      | nstalled - |   |                     |                 |
|             | 1983       |   |                     |                 |
+-------------+------------+---+---------------------+-----------------+
| **ODEQ      |            |   | **ODA Agricultural  |                 |
| TMD         |            |   | Water Quality       |                 |
| L's[^8^](#F |            |   | Management          |                 |
| ootnote8)** |            |   | Plans               |                 |
|             |            |   | [^9^](#Footnote9)** |                 |
+-------------+------------+---+---------------------+-----------------+
| **Name**    | **Status** |   | **Name**            | **Status**      |
+-------------+------------+---+---------------------+-----------------+
| None        |            |   | Crooked River       | Completed       |
|             |            |   |                     |                 |
|             |            |   | Middle Deschutes    | Completed       |
|             |            |   |                     |                 |
|             |            |   | Upper Deschutes     | Completed       |
+-------------+------------+---+---------------------+-----------------+
| **OWEB      |            | * |                     | **NWPCC         |
| Watershed   |            | * |                     | Subbasin Plans  |
| Council     |            | W |                     | &               |
| s[^10^](#Fo |            | a |                     | As              |
| otnote10)** |            | t |                     | sessments[^18^] |
|             |            | e |                     | (#Footnote18)** |
|             |            | r |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | h |                     |                 |
|             |            | e |                     |                 |
|             |            | d |                     |                 |
|             |            | C |                     |                 |
|             |            | o |                     |                 |
|             |            | u |                     |                 |
|             |            | n |                     |                 |
|             |            | c |                     |                 |
|             |            | i |                     |                 |
|             |            | l |                     |                 |
|             |            | A |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | e |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | m |                     |                 |
|             |            | e |                     |                 |
|             |            | n |                     |                 |
|             |            | t |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | [ |                     |                 |
|             |            | ^ |                     |                 |
|             |            | 1 |                     |                 |
|             |            | 1 |                     |                 |
|             |            | ^ |                     |                 |
|             |            | ] |                     |                 |
|             |            | ( |                     |                 |
|             |            | # |                     |                 |
|             |            | F |                     |                 |
|             |            | o |                     |                 |
|             |            | o |                     |                 |
|             |            | t |                     |                 |
|             |            | n |                     |                 |
|             |            | o |                     |                 |
|             |            | t |                     |                 |
|             |            | e |                     |                 |
|             |            | 1 |                     |                 |
|             |            | 1 |                     |                 |
|             |            | ) |                     |                 |
|             |            | * |                     |                 |
|             |            | * |                     |                 |
+-------------+------------+---+---------------------+-----------------+
| Crooked     |            | C |                     | Deschutes       |
| River,      |            | r |                     | Subbasin Plan   |
| Bridge      |            | o |                     |                 |
| Creek, and  |            | o |                     |                 |
| Upper       |            | k |                     |                 |
| Deschutes   |            | e |                     |                 |
| Watershed   |            | d |                     |                 |
| Councils    |            | R |                     |                 |
|             |            | i |                     |                 |
|             |            | v |                     |                 |
|             |            | e |                     |                 |
|             |            | r |                     |                 |
|             |            | W |                     |                 |
|             |            | a |                     |                 |
|             |            | t |                     |                 |
|             |            | e |                     |                 |
|             |            | r |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | h |                     |                 |
|             |            | e |                     |                 |
|             |            | d |                     |                 |
|             |            | A |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | e |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | s |                     |                 |
|             |            | m |                     |                 |
|             |            | e |                     |                 |
|             |            | n |                     |                 |
|             |            | t |                     |                 |
+-------------+------------+---+---------------------+-----------------+

***(Continued on page 8)***

![](media/image4.jpeg){width="6.375in" height="8.238888888888889in"}

**Map Footnote [^/17^](#footnote17)**

**Resource Concerns - Continued** [*Back to Contents*](#ProfileContents)

  ----------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------- --------- --------- ------------- ----------------- ------------
  **Resource                                                                                                                     
  Concerns/Issues                                                                                                                
  by Land Use**                                                                                                                  

  **SWAPA +H        **Specific Resource            **Grass\\Pasture\\Hay**   **Grain   **Row     **Perennial   **Shrub/Range**   **Forest**
  Concerns**        Concern/Issue**                                          Crops**   Crops**   Crops                           
                                                                                                 (Orch/Vine/                     
                                                                                                 Berries)**                      

  Soil Erosion      Wind                                                     X         X                                         

                    Irrigation Induced                                                 X                                         

  Water Quantity    Water Management For Irrigated X                         X         X                                         
                    Land                                                                                                         

  Water Quality,    Temperature                    X                                                                             
  Surface                                                                                                                        

  Plant Condition   Productivity, Health, and      X                                                           X                 X
                    Vigor                                                                                                        

  Animal Habitat,   Management                     X                                                           X                 
  Domestic                                                                                                                       

  Animal Habitat,   Food, Cover, and/or Shelter                                                                                  X
  Wildlife                                                                                                                       

  Human, Economics  Land Use                                                                                   X                 X
                    Constraints/Restrictions                                                                                     

                    High Capital/Financial Cost                                        X                                         

                    High Labor Cost or                                                 X                                         
                    Availability                                                                                                 

                    Low or Unreliable              X                         X                                 X                 X
                    Profitability                                                                                                

  Human, Social     Low Community Well-Being                                                                                     X

  Human, Political  Lack of Technical Assistance   X                         X         X                       X                 
  ----------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------- --------- --------- ------------- ----------------- ------------

**Grass/Pasture/Hay**

-   Water and grazing management are primary concerns in areas of
    irrigated pasture on small farms and ranches.

-   Low profitability on ranches and unavailability of technical
    assistance for small farms and ranchettes hinder conservation
    efforts.

**Grain and Row Crops**

-   Wind erosion and water management are resource concerns on irrigated
    cropland.

-   High capital and labor cost to improve and manage more efficient
    irrigation systems is an obstacle to use of additional conservation
    practices, especially in areas used for specialty row crops.

**Rangeland and Forest Land**

-   Overstocked lodgepole pine/ponderosa pine on forest land and
    invasive weeds (juniper, medusa head, etc.) on rangeland restrict
    the productivity for timber, grazing, and wildlife habitat.

-   Juniper is encroaching onto rangeland and ponderosa pine sites.

-   Some areas are under pressure for development into ranchettes and
    vacation and recreational property.

+-------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| **Federally Listed      |                                            |
| Threatened And          |                                            |
| Endangered              |                                            |
| Speci                   |                                            |
| es[^12^](#Footnote12)** |                                            |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| **THREATENED SPECIES**  | **CANDIDATE SPECIES**                      |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| **Mammals** - Canada    | **Birds --** Yellow-billed cuckoo          |
| lynx                    |                                            |
|                         | **Amphibians and Reptiles --** Oregon      |
| **Birds -** Bald eagle, | spotted frog, Columbia spotted frog        |
| Northern spotted owl    |                                            |
|                         |                                            |
| **Fish** - Bull trout   |                                            |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
|                         | **PROPOSED SPECIES**: None                 |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| **Essential Fish        |                                            |
| Hab                     |                                            |
| itat[^13^](#Footnote13) |                                            |
| --** None               |                                            |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

[]{#census .anchor}![](media/image5.wmf){width="3.625in"
height="1.9368055555555554in"}**Census and Social
Data**[^/14^](#Footnote14) [*Back to Contents*](#ProfileContents)

**Number of Farms: 1,106**

**Number of Operators: 1,800**

-   Full-time operators: **547**

-   Part-time operators: **1,253**

**Estimated Level of Willingness and Ability to Participate in
Conservation**[^[/15]{.underline}^](#Footnote15)**:**

-   Large-acreage, full-time operators: **MODERATE TO HIGH**

-   Small-acreage, part-time operators: **LOW TO MODERATE**

Two-thirds of the agricultural landowners in the Lower Crooked subbasin
own less than 50 acres and are relatively new to agriculture and
resource management. Motivating and helping these landowners adopt
conservation systems and practices may require significant time to help
them become aware of local resource concerns and the connection of their
operation to larger resource issues. The large-acreage, full-time
operators tend to be aware of local resource concerns, have a positive
stewardship attitude, and have had experience with conservation systems;
however, these landowners may need financial assistance with new
conservation systems and practices.

**Evaluation of Social Capital**[^[/16]{.underline}^](#Footnote16)**:
LOW**

The biggest obstacle to the widespread diffusion of conservation
throughout the Lower Crooked subbasin may be a lack of social capital.
Indications are that the community does not participate in public
meetings and organizations; and the majority of area residents are not
involved in decisions affecting the community. For the most part,
however, area residents are well educated, exercise their right to vote,
and have some experience completing community projects.

![](media/image6.png){width="2.9930555555555554in"
height="3.263888888888889in"}

![](media/image8.png){width="3.3784722222222223in"
height="3.3472222222222223in"}

[]{#ProgressStatus .anchor}**Progress/Status** [*Back to
Contents*](#ProfileContents)

  ---------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------- -----------
  **PRMS Data**                **FY99**   **FY00**   **FY01**   **FY02**   **FY03**   **Avg/Year**   **Total**

  Total Conservation Systems   11,461     1,667      2,479      2,220      3,467      4,259          21,294
  Planned (Acres)                                                                                    

  Total Conservation Systems   1,645      1,512      2,348      2,782      1,201      1,898          9,488
  Applied (Acres)                                                                                    

  **Conservation Treatment**   ** **                                                                 

  Waste Management (Number)    0          0          0          0          0          0              0

  Buffers (Acres)              0          0          0          4          0          1              4

  Erosion Control (Acres)      12,228     1,216      2,462      2,764      1,263      3,987          19,933

  Irrigation Water Management  2,148      1,290      2,542      2,650      891        1,904          9,521
  (Acres)                                                                                            

  Nutrient Management (Acres)  0          0          26         0          402        86             428

  Pest Management (Acres)      371        0          26         0          260        131            649

  Prescribed Grazing (Acres)   0          2,020      0          0          0          404            2,020

  Trees & Shrubs (Acres)       0          0          1          0          0          0              1

  Conservation Tillage (Acres) 0          865        2,095      284        615        772            3,859

  Wildlife Habitat (Acres)     170        253        2,103      432        1,115      815            4,073

  Wetlands (Acres)             0          0          0          0          0          0              0
  ---------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------- -----------

![](media/image9.wmf){width="4.0in" height="3.176388888888889in"}

-   Progress over the last five years has been focused on:

    -   Erosion control and irrigation water management on irrigated
        lands.

    -   Prescribed grazing on rangeland and pastureland.

    -   Improving upland and riparian wildlife habitat.

-   Low economic returns hinder adoption of conservation practices on
    pastureland and hayland.

-   Cost to improve irrigation water management can hinder water
    conservation on cropland.

-   Rural areas developed as homesites and recreational property
    commonly are not managed specifically for agricultural or forestry
    production.

-   Most private forest land meets State forest\
    practices requirements.

*Estimates are based on information received from local conservationists
in the watershed.*

**Lands Removed from Production through Farm Bill Programs**

-   Conservation Reserve Program (CRP): **[218 acres]{.underline}**

-   Wetland Restoration Program (WRP): **[none]{.underline}**

-   Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (CREP):
    **[none]{.underline}**

[]{#footnotes .anchor}**Footnotes/Bibliography** [*Back to
Contents*](#ProfileContents)

All data is provided "as is." There are no warranties, express or
implied, including the warranty of fitness\
for a particular purpose, accompanying this document. Use for general
planning purposes only.

[]{#Footnote1 .anchor}

1.  Ownership Layer -- Source: The 1:24,000 scale public ownership layer
    is the land ownership/management for public entities, including
    Federal, Tribal, State, and local entities. This is a seamless,
    statewide Oregon Public Ownership vector layer composed of fee
    ownership of lands by Federal, State, Tribal, county, and city
    agencies. The layer is comprised of the best available data compiled
    at 1:24,000 scale or larger, and the line work matches GCDB boundary
    locations and ORMAP standards where possible. The layer is available
    from the State of Oregon GIS Service Center:
    <http://www.gis.state.or.us/data/alphalist.html>. For current
    ownership status, consult official records at appropriate Federal,
    State, and county offices. Ownership classes grouped to calculate
    Federal ownership vs. non-Federal ownership by the Water Resources
    Planning Team.[]{#Footnote2 .anchor}

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```
1.  National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) - Originator: U.S. Geological
    Survey (USGS);\
    Publication date: 19990631; Title: Oregon Land Cover Data Set,
    Edition: 1;\
    Geospatial data presentation form: Raster digital data; Publisher:
    U.S. Geological Survey,\
    Sioux Falls, SD, USA; Online linkage:
    <http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/programs/lccp/nationallandcover.html>;
    Abstract: These data can be used in a geographic information system
    (GIS) for any number of purposes, such as assessing wildlife
    habitat, water quality, pesticide runoff, land use change, etc. The
    State data sets are provided with a 300-meter buffer beyond the
    State border to facilitate combining the State files into larger
    regions.[]{#Footnote3nri .anchor}

2.  ESTIMATES FROM THE 1997 NRI DATABASE (REVISED DECEMBER 2000) REPLACE
    ALL PREVIOUS REPORTS AND ESTIMATES. Comparisons made using data
    published for the 1982, 1987, or 1992 NRI may produce erroneous
    results. This is because of changes in statistical estimation
    protocols and because all data collected prior to 1997 were
    simultaneously reviewed (edited) as 1997 NRI data were collected.
    All definitions are available in the glossary. In addition, this
    December 2000 revision of the 1997 NRI data updates information
    released in December 1999 and corrects a computer error discovered
    in March 2000. For more information:
    <http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/technical/NRI/>[]{#Footnote4 .anchor}

3.  Irrigated Adjudicated Water Rights -- Water Rights Information
    System (WRIS), Oregon Water Resources Department,
    <http://www.wrd.state.or.us/maps/wrexport.shtml>[]{#Footnote5
    .anchor}

4.  StreamNet is a cooperative venture of the Pacific Northwest\'s fish
    and wildlife agencies and tribes and is administered by the [Pacific
    States Marine Fisheries Commission](http://www.psmfc.org/).
    StreamNet provided data and data services in support of the
    region\'s fish and wildlife program and other efforts to manage and
    restore the region\'s aquatic resources. Official StreamNet website:
    <http://www.streamnet.org/>[]{#Footnote6 .anchor}

5.  Natural Resources Conservation Service, Watershed Projects Planned
    and Authorized,
    <http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/watershed/Purpose>.

6.  []{#Footnote7 .anchor}Natural Resources Conservation Service,
    Watershed Plans, Studies, and Assessments completed,
    [http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/watershed/Surveys_Plng.html#Watershed%20Surveys%20and%20Plan](http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/watershed/Surveys_Plng.html#Watershed Surveys and Plan)

7.  []{#Footnote8 .anchor}Oregon Department of Environmental Quality
    Total Maximum Daily Loads,
    <http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/TMDLs/TMDLs.htm>

8.  []{#Footnote9 .anchor}Oregon Department of Agriculture, Agricultural
    Water Quality Management Plans,
    <http://www.oregon.gov/ODA/NRD/water_agplans.shtml>

**Footnotes/Bibliography Continued** [*Back to
Contents*](#ProfileContents)

All data is provided "as is." There are no warranties, express or
implied, including the warranty of fitness\
for a particular purpose, accompanying this document. Use for general
planning purposes only.

9.  []{#Footnote10 .anchor}Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board,
    <http://oregon.gov/OWEB/WSHEDS/index.shtml>

10. []{#Footnote11 .anchor}Watershed Assessments completed by local
    watershed councils following the Oregon Watershed Assessment Manual,
    <http://oregon.gov/OWEB/docs/pubs/ws_assess_manual.shtml>.

11. []{#Footnote12 .anchor}NRCS Field Office Technical Guide, Section
    II, Threatened and Endangered List.

12. []{#Footnote13 .anchor}Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and
    Management Act, Public Law 94-265. As amended through October 11,
    1996.

13. []{#Footnote14 .anchor}Data were taken from the 2002 Agricultural
    Census and adjusted by percent of HUC in the county or by percent of
    zip code area in the HUC, depending on the level of data available.
    Data were also taken from the U.S. Population Census, 2000.

14. []{#Footnote15 .anchor}Conservation participation was estimated
    using NRCS Social Sciences Technical Note 1801, [Guide for
    Estimating Participation in Conservation]{.underline}, 2004. Four
    categories of indicators were evaluated: Personal characteristics,
    farm structural characteristics, perceptions of conservation, and
    community context. Estimates are based on information received from
    local conservationists in the watershed.

15. []{#Footnote16 .anchor}Social capital is an indicator of the
    community's ability and willingness to work together to solve
    problems. A high amount of social capital helps a community to be
    physically healthy, socially progressive, and economically vigorous.
    A low amount of social capital typically results in community
    conflict, lack of trust and respect, and unsuccessful attempts to
    solve problems. The evaluation is based on NRCS Technical Report
    Release 4.1, March, 2002: [Adding Up Social Capital: An Investment
    in Communities]{.underline}. Local conservationists provided
    information to measure social capital. Scores range from 0 to 76.

16. [Surface and Groundwater Resource Protection Map]{.underline}

    a.  []{#footnote17 .anchor}2002 303d Listed Streams designated by
        Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and approved by the
        Environmental Protection Agency, Section 303d Clean Water Act,
        <http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/303dlist/303dpage.htm>

    b.  Groundwater Management Areas designated by the Oregon Department
        of Environmental Quality, Oregon Revised Statutes -- Ground
        Water ORS 468B.150 to ORS 468B.190,
        <http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/groundwa/wqgw.htm>

    c.  Groundwater Restricted Areas designated by Oregon Water
        Resources Commission, Oregon Department of Water Resources,
        <http://egov.oregon.gov/OWRD/PUBS/aquabook_protections.shtml>

    d.  The Sole Source Aquifer (SSA) Protection Program is authorized
        by Section 1424(e) of the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974
        (Public Law 93-523, 42 U.S.C. 300 et. seq),
        <http://www.epa.gov/safewater/ssanp.html>

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1.  []{#Footnote18 .anchor}Subbasin assessments and plans are developed
    by local groups (SWCDs, watershed councils, tribes, and others) as
    part of the Northwest Power and Conservation Council's fish and
    wildlife program in the Columbia River Basin. This program is funded
    and implemented by the Bonneville Power Administration.
    <http://www.nwcouncil.org/fw/subbasinplanning/Default.htm>.