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  **World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-07)\  ![](media/image1.png){width="1.9270833333333333in"
  Geneva, 22 October - 16 November 2007**          height="0.8125in"}

                                                   

                                                   

  **PLENARY MEETING**                              **Addendum 17 to\
                                                   Document 10-E**

                                                   **14 May 2007**

                                                   **Original: English**

                                                   

  EUROPEAN COMMON PROPOSALS FOR THE\               
  WORK OF THE CONFERENCE                           

  PART 17                                          

  Agenda item 1.17                                 
  ------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------

1.17 to consider the results of ITU-R studies on compatibility between
the fixed-satellite service and other services around 1.4 GHz, in
accordance with Resolution **745** **(WRC‑03)**

### Introduction {#introduction .heading_b1}

WRC-03 made a secondary allocation to the FSS for feeder links for
non‑geostationary-satellite networks in the mobile-satellite service
with service links below 1 GHz through No. 5.339A in the bands
1 390-1 392 MHz (Earth-to-space) and 1 430-1 432 MHz (space-to-Earth).
However, due to the fact that there was a lack of studies and test
measurements with regard to the protection of other services in the
bands or in the passive band 1 400-1 427 MHz it was decided that these
additional allocations shall not be used until the completion of all
studies and the results of these studies reported to WRC‑07.

The frequency band 1 350-1 400 MHz is allocated on a primary basis in
all Regions to the radiolocation service and in Region 1 to the fixed
and mobile services. The band 1 370-1 400 MHz is in all three Regions
allocated on a secondary basis to the space research (passive) and Earth
exploration-satellite (passive) services by No. 5.339. In addition, in
five CEPT countries existing installations of the radionavigation
service may continue to operate in the band 1 350-1 400 MHz. The band
1 330-1 400 MHz is also used by the RAS for observations of the
red-shifted hydrogen line and No. 5.149 urges administrations to take
all practicable steps to protect it from harmful interference.

The band 1 400-1 427 MHz is allocated to the Earth exploration-satellite
(passive) service, the radio astronomy service and the space research
(passive) service on a worldwide basis. For the radio astronomy service
(RAS) this band is the most important band for studies of the hydrogen
line and for continuum observations. This band is also used worldwide
for the very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) technique which is
utilized for radio astronomical studies requiring the

highest angular resolution. For the Earth exploration-satellite service,
the band 1 400-1 427 MHz is a vital resource for measuring salinity and
other aspects of the Earth and its atmosphere. This band is one of the
few bands for which No. 5.340 prohibits all emissions, emphasizing its
particular importance for the science community.

The band 1 427-1 452 MHz is allocated on a primary basis to the fixed
and mobile services worldwide. The band 1 427-1 429 MHz is also
allocated on a primary basis to the space operation service
(Earth-to-space) in all three Regions. In eight countries the band
1 429-1 535 MHz is also allocated on a primary basis to the aeronautical
mobile service exclusively for the purposes of aeronautical telemetry
within the national territory by No. 5.342.

Band 1 430-1 432 MHz (downlink)

CEPT and ITU-R studies based on the fractional degradation of
performance criterion have concluded that a pfd limit of --164
dB(W/m^2^) in 4 kHz should be adequate to protect the fixed service, as
well as some stations in the mobile service. This pfd limit will impose
severe constraints on the design of the downlink, and will conduct the
MSS satellite designers to opt for up-to-date modulation and coding
techniques, increasing the cost, while maintaining a very low link
margin.

In order to protect the aeronautical telemetry systems used under the
mobile service in the territory of countries identified in No. 5.342 the
following pfd limits are required:

--181 dB(W/m^2^)  0 ≤ α ≤  4

--193 + 20 log α dB(W/m^2^)  4 \< α ≤ 20

--213.3 + 35.6 log α dB(W/m^2^) 20 \< α ≤ 60

--150 dB(W/m^2^) 60 \< α ≤ 90

where α is the angle of arrival (degrees above the horizontal plane).

These limits are impossible to achieve, and will impose the satellite
emissions to be shut down when in visibility of the territory of
administrations listed in No. 5.342. This basically makes the allocation
unusable above a large part of the world including all CEPT countries.

To protect the radio astronomy service in the band 1 400-1 427 MHz, the
following epfd limit would be required:

-- an epfd limit of --243 dB(W/m^2^) in 27 MHz for 98% of 2 000 s
measurement periods at each radio astronomy station for continuum
observations, and

-- an epfd limit of --259 dB(W/m^2^) in any 20 kHz for 98% of 2 000 s
measurement periods at each radio astronomy station for spectral-line
observations.

Studies available in the ITU have shown that an unwanted power limit of
--46 dBW in the passive band 1 400-1 427 MHz at the satellite antenna
port would be sufficient to protect all EESS systems which are expected
to use the band, including the ESA SMOS sensor.

Studies based on laboratory tests and simulations have shown that these
limits could be achieved, however, no measurements of emissions from
equipment that would be employed in operational systems have been
provided.

Band 1 390-1 392 MHz (uplink)

The protection of ground-based stations of terrestrial services within
the band 1 390-1 392 MHz shall be made by appropriate separation
distances of the order of several hundreds km.

Sharing with transportable and maritime stations in the radiolocation
service is not feasible because their position cannot be determined in
advance.

Sharing with airborne stations in the radiolocation service would not be
feasible, although such application has not been identified in CEPT
countries.

Moreover, additional constraints need to be applied to the MSS
feeder-link earth stations for the protection of the radio astronomy
service in adjacent bands as well as in the band 1 330-1 400 MHz, which
is not really allocated to the RAS, but identified in No. 5.149. The
following pfd limits would be required:

-- a pfd limit of --180 dB(W/m^2^) for 98% of 2 000 s measurement
periods at any radio astronomy station performing continuum observations
in the band 1 400-1 427 MHz;

-- a pfd limit of --196 dB(W/m^2^) for 98% of 2 000 s measurement
periods in any 20 kHz bandwidth at any radio astronomy station
performing spectral-line observations in the band 1 330-1 427 MHz for
the protection of the radio astronomy service.

CEPT studies have shown that an emission power limit of --63 dBW in the
band 1 400-1 427 MHz at the antenna port of the MSS feeder-link earth
station would protect all EESS passive sensors operating in the
1 400-1 427 MHz band from harmful interference from the uplink.

Studies based on laboratory tests and simulations have shown that these
limits could be achieved, however, no measurements of emissions from
equipment that would be employed in operational systems have been
provided.

Because of all the constraints listed above, the FSS allocations will
not be usable in CEPT countries.

Moreover, the "passive" attitude of the proponents of the allocation
seems to indicate that the allocation is no longer needed, and that
other allocated frequency bands may be used by those MSS feeder links.

Because of these two reasons, Europe proposes to suppress the
provisional allocation to the FSS in the 1.4 GHz band.

ARTICLE 5

Frequency allocations

Section IV -- Table of Frequency Allocations\
(See No. 2.1)

**MOD** EUR/10A17/1

1 300-1 525 MHz

**SUP** EUR/10A17/2

**5.339A**

**Reasons:** To suppress the provisional allocation to the FSS for MSS
feeder links due to the sharing or compatibility difficulties with all
other services using the allocated bands or the adjacent passive band.

**SUP** EUR/10A17/3

RESOLUTION 745 (WRC-03)

Protection of existing services in all Regions from
non-geostationary-satellite\
networks in the fixed-satellite service using the frequency bands\
around 1.4 GHz on a secondary basis

**Reasons:** Consequential to the above proposals.

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_