Transportation Sector Network Management

Highway & Motor Carrier Security Division

**Annual Report**

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2006

**Table of Contents**

**Page**

**Table of Contents i**

**Executive Summary ii**

**Highway Transportation Sector Overview 3**

**Introduction 5**

**Highway and Motor Carrier Security Division 6**

**Figure 1 -- "Highway and Motor Carrier Division**

> **Organizational Chart" 6**

-   **Stakeholder Branch 6**

-   **Licensing & Infrastructure Branch 8 Licensing 8**

> **Infrastructure 9**

-   **Threat, Vulnerabilities, and Consequences 10**

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-   **Trucking Branch 12**

-   **Graph 1 -- "Missouri Pilot CSRs by Month" 13**

-   **Intercity Buses/School Buses Branch 14**

-   **Table 1 -- "Beta Test Participants" 15**

-   **Table 2 -- "STSA Conference Presentations" 15**

**Summary 18**

**[EXECUTIVE SUMMARY]{.underline}**

The nation's highway systems are designed for accessibility and
efficiency, two characteristics that make them highly vulnerable to
terrorist attack. While hardening the highway and motor carrier sector
from terrorist attack is difficult, measures can be taken to deter
terrorists. The dilemma confronting the Highway and Motor Carrier
Security Division (HMCD) is how best to create a system of deterrence,
protection, and response that effectively closes security gaps, while
reducing the opportunity for, and consequences, of a terrorist attack
against highway infrastructure and/or commercial motor vehicles (trucks,
buses, and school buses).[^1]

In 2006 several activities were undertaken by the HMCD to reduce risk to
the highway and motor carrier landscape. Risk reduction efforts that
were either commenced or continued during 2006 include: the HAZMAT Truck
Tracking Pilot Project, Stakeholder outreach conferences, Commercial
Driver License vetting project, CDLIS access completion, Rental Truck
Vetting Operational Study and Analysis Project, and partnering with the
Insurance Industry to establish cost reduction criteria for security
standards.

The Missouri Corporate Security Review (CSR) Pilot Project has proven to
be a successful venture, with over 950 CSR's conducted, many with HAZMAT
carriers. We hope to expand this volunteer program to other states
during 2007.

Security Sensitivity Hazardous Material (SSHM) and High Hazard Materials
(HHM) will continue to be this division's central focus for risk
reduction efforts. Shipments of Toxic Inhalation Hazards (TIH) are our
utmost concern.

Our partnership with the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC)
will continue. During 2006 the Division, working with the DHS law
enforcement training center, inaugurated the new Commercial Vehicle
Counter-Terrorism Instructor course. There have been 75 roadside
commercial vehicle enforcement instructors certified as trainers in this
subject. This course has proven to be one of the most sought after
training courses FLETC has to offer law enforcement personnel.

HMC staff has been in active communication with stakeholders across the
motorcoach and school bus community. Domain awareness has been central
to our initiatives. The 'School Transportation Security Awareness'
program continues to reap rewards in heightening domain awareness.
Intercity bus grants provided over \$9.5M to owners/operators of fixed
route intercity and charter bus services in FY06.

**William H. Arrington**

**General Manager**

**Highway and Motor Carrier Security**

# [HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION SECTOR OVERVIEW]{.underline}

The highway transportation mode is unique in that it consists of
privately owned vehicles traveling on publicly maintained roads. In 2001
the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) reports that the 50 states
spend \$104 billion to build and maintain highway infrastructure that
supported some 2.7 trillion vehicle miles of travel.

The U.S. highway infrastructure includes:

-   46,717 miles of Interstate highway (BTS, 2001)

-   114,700 miles of other National Highway System roads (BTS, 2001)

-   3,801,849 miles of other roads (BTS, 2001)

-   582,000 bridges over 20 feet of span, (AASHTO, 2002)

-   54 tunnels over 500 meters in length (AASHTO, 2002)

-   Over 50 freeway traffic operations centers (USDOT, 2002)

-   Over 300 municipal traffic operations centers (USDOT, 2002)

The U.S. economy is totally dependent on this infrastructure. It
includes many historically and culturally significant structures that
are easily accessible to vehicles of all kinds without screening or
inspection. Some of these structures also have high economic value and
could easily be targeted by terrorists. Trucks routinely carry hazardous
materials that could be used to attack targets that are part of, or are
adjacent to, the highway system. This was conclusively demonstrated with
a truck bomb at the Murrah Federal Building in Okalahoma City, April,
1995 and the 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center in New York City.

No one entity owns or operates the entire highway infrastructure in the
United States Roads, bridges, and tunnels are owned and operated by
states, counties or parishes, municipalities, Native American tribal
authorities, private enterprise, and authorities made up of any
conceivable grouping of these entities. Indeed, any piece of the
infrastructure system may be owned by one entity, yet operated by
another through cooperative agreement or long-term lease.

The U.S. vehicle fleet includes 7.9 million trucks, 750 thousand buses,
137 million cars, 4.9 million motorcycles, and 84 million other 2-axle
vehicles. The motor carrier industry, which does not include the
intra-city buses of the mass transit industry, consists of three primary
stakeholder constituencies:

The \$5 Billion U.S. Motorcoach Industry:

-   Scheduled (\$1.5 billion/year),

-   Charter/Tour (\$3.5 billion/year),

-   3,700 bus companies (90% are small operators with fewer than 25
    buses),

-   40,000 buses,

-   190,000 jobs provided (122,000 full-time), and

-   775 million passengers annually.

The School Bus Industry:

-   Largest fleet of public vehicles in the United States,

-   500,000 school buses,

-   Transports 25 million students daily, and

-   Travels 4 billion miles annually for an estimated 10 billion student
    trips.

The Motor Carrier Freight Industry:

-   1.2 million motor carriers in the United States,

-   9.7 million workers including 3.3 million drivers,

-   15.5 million trucks that operate in the United States,

-   40,000 new motor carriers annually,

-   42,000 HAZMAT trucks, and

-   75% of U.S. communities depend solely on trucking for the movement
    of commodities.

There is no need to further emphasize how critical motor carriers are to
the economy. They constitute a particular challenge to the security
community because their assets are not only a very distributed and
independent set of potential targets but they can also be used to
deliver weapons to remote locations or as weapons to attack other assets
that are accessible by highway infrastructure, which are most assets.
TSA's mission pertains to commercial motor vehicles, rather than
personal vehicles, so we do not plan to include personal vehicles in any
programs at this time.

**[INTRODUCTION]{.underline}**

During the calendar year of 2006 the Highway and Motor Carrier Security
Division (HMCSD) accomplishments were many. This first Annual Report is
intended to document those achievements and provide direction for future
progress toward reducing the risk of terrorism among our stakeholder
population. The reduction of risk will lead to a more secure Nation.

The content of this document represents current and ongoing initiatives
that are tantamount to our dedication to achieve the secure movement of
commodities and passengers traversing our Nations highway systems.

The Highway and Motor Carrier Security Division (HMCSD) is one (1) of
ten (10) modal divisions within the Transportation Sector Network
Management (TSNM) Office.

The Division is focused on reducing risk, while improving the secure
movement of people, goods, and services over the Nation's highways,
highway terminals, bridges, and tunnels. This includes all aspects of
the transport of persons and cargo by inter-city buses, trucks, and
school buses.

To support this focus, HMCSD provides services and functions through one
General Manager (GM), one Assistant General Manager (AGM), and four
Branch Chiefs. The GM directs HMCSD members through appropriate branches
including: Trucking; Motorcoach/School Buses; Licensing and
Infrastructure; Stakeholder Relations; Policy and Planning; and Threat,
Vulnerability, and Consequence.

The Highway and Motor Carrier Security Division had sixteen (16)
occupied positions in FY 2006. A division organizational chart is
depicted in Figure 1.

**[HIGHWAY AND MOTOR CARRIER SECURITY DIVISION]{.underline}**

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**[Stakeholder Branch]{.underline}**

The Stakeholder Relations Branch has had several achievements and
participated in many activities during 2006.

-   [Highway and Motor Carrier Government Coordinating Council
    (GCC)]{.underline}: The first achievement for the Stakeholder branch
    was the organization and coordination of the Highway and Motor
    Carrier GCC as part of the Department of Homeland Security's
    Transportation Sector Government Coordinating Council. The Highway
    GCC held eight meetings at the TSA HQ during the calendar year of
    2006.

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-   [Stakeholder Outreach/Conferences]{.underline}: Another major
    achievement involving stakeholder outreach was the participation in
    14 conferences and/or working groups between January 2006 and
    December 2006. Presentations using Highway 101, a brief introduction
    to the division, our goals and projects, were given at a majority of
    these events in addition to an overall meet and greet with
    stakeholders.

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-   [TSOC Briefings]{.underline}: The Stakeholder Relation branch
    conducted four briefings at the Transportation Security Operations
    Center (TSOC) for the watch-standers group known as the "fourth
    watch".

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-   [Homeland Security Information Network (HSIN) Portal]{.underline}:
    As a result of the Highway GCC, the Stakeholder Relations branch
    helped create a web portal for Highway and Motor Carrier Security on
    the HSIN. This new portal will allow better communication between
    federal partners and hopefully the private sector partners. Format
    and content have been and will continue to be updated on this
    communication medium.

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-   [Tele-Conference Calls]{.underline}: The Stakeholder Relations
    branch held two full stakeholder conference calls and three branch
    specific conference calls to update and discuss highway security
    issues with a broad representation of stakeholders.

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-   [Security Clearances for Highway Stakeholders]{.underline}: The
    Stakeholder Relations branch has taken the lead in nominating
    stakeholders for Secret Clearances from TSA. To date, 41
    stakeholders have been granted either an interim or full clearance
    with TSA. Approximately 50 other highway stakeholders have been
    submitted into the Secret Clearance process.

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-   [Highway Grants]{.underline}: The Stakeholder Branch assisted in
    completing the Fiscal Year 2006 Intercity Bus Security Grant Program
    (IBSGP) and the Trucking Security Program. Guidance for the grant
    program needed to be revised and assistance was given on both grant
    programs. In addition, a member of the Stakeholder branch served as
    a panelist for the IBSGP federal review panel.

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-   [TSA Alerts]{.underline}: DHS created a new notification and alert
    system. The Stakeholder Branch helped the Threat, Vulnerability and
    Consequences branch populate and compile a Highway and Motor Carrier
    stakeholder list to be used for this new TSA Alert system.

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-   [Transportation Sector Specific Plan (TSSP)]{.underline}: A member
    of the Stakeholder Relations branch, while working as the liaison of
    the Highway and Motor Carrier GCC and the SCC, served as the main
    point of contact and collaborator for the creation and revision of
    the TSSP Modal Annex. He worked closely with contractors and the
    Highway SCC partners to draft and submit the Highway Modal
    Implementation Plan to TSA leadership.

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-   [Internal TSA Strategic Planning Documents]{.underline}: The
    Stakeholder Relations branch helped to coordinate, draft, and revise
    the Management Control Objective Plan, the Fiscal Year 2009
    Organizational Strategy Plan Template, the Strategic Implementation
    Plan, and the Highway Division Highway 101 Brief for various
    audiences and presentations.

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-   [Highway and Motor Carrier Database Maintenance]{.underline}: One of
    the main responsibilities of the Stakeholder Relations branch is to
    create and maintain a database of stakeholders. Several spreadsheets
    have been created during 2006 that have been used for the first time
    in the Highway and Motor Carrier Security Division. A new database
    was started to match up Federal Security Directors (FSDs) with
    highway stakeholders who hold a security clearance from TSA. This
    database is still under construction. Other important databases
    include lists for the GCC, SCC, conference calls, branch specific,
    and TSA Alerts.

**[Licensing & Infrastructure Branch]{.underline}**

**Licensing**:

-   [Universal CDL Vetting Project:]{.underline} This project, initiated
    in 2006 will result in watch list checks of some 12-million
    commercial driver records (minus 2.7 million hazmat drivers
    previously vetted) to ensure that no person operating a commercial
    vehicle (truck or bus) presents a current terrorism security threat
    to the American public. This initiative also included branch
    direction to TSA Office of Legislative Affairs to request statutory
    authority to achieve threat mitigation goals.

-   [Real ID Act NPRM Guidance:]{.underline} This branch served as a
    workgroup leader and subject matter expert for the DHS Real ID NPRM
    draft preparation. NPRM was forwarded by DHS to OMB for review in
    December 2006.

-   [CDL Driving School Initiative:]{.underline} During 2006, this
    branch opened cooperative dialogue with national organizations
    representing both publicly- and privately-funded commercial driver
    instruction schools, coming to agreement on the conduct of corporate
    security reviews and, when possible, security vetting of both school
    faculty and student applicants.

-   [CDLIS Access Negotiations:]{.underline} This branch achieved
    significant progress during 2006 in identifying both resources and
    personnel needed to reach a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with
    the USDOT's FMCSA for TSA access to commercial driver records
    contained in the Commercial Driver's License Information System
    (CDLIS). MOU completion is expected early in 2007.

-   [Rental Truck Vetting Operational Study and Analysis:]{.underline}
    During 2006, this branch began study to determine the feasibility of
    commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies and standard operating
    procedures (SOPs) to efficiently screen rental truck customers
    against the Department of Homeland Security/Federal Bureau of
    Investigation Watch List. The study will make recommendations to
    assist in choosing COTS and SOPs for company integration.

**Infrastructure:**

-   [Corporate Security Review Program:]{.underline} This branch
    initiated the Corporate Security Review (CSR) program for the
    Highway and Motor Carrier Security Division in 2004 with reviews of
    State Transportation Departments. In 2006, the branch performed 9
    infrastructure CSRs and produced a comprehensive report of
    aggregated CSR results for states and selected highway structures.
    CSR database development (spreadsheet and project with
    Northrop-Grumman) in 2006 helped to shape the CSR risk management
    outreach program with stakeholders.

-   [DOT Clearances:]{.underline} In addition, this branch arranged for
    security clearances for state DOT staff to ensure that strong and
    open communications links existed between agencies and TSA. Some
    state DOT staff was also brought into TSA-directed FLETC courses to
    better understand overall security concerns.

-   [Regional State DOT Conferences:]{.underline} In 2006, this branch
    initiated regional state DOT conferences for Infrastructure
    Protection and Emergency Operations. Virtually all planning and
    lead-n activities took place in 2006 though conferences themselves
    didn\'t start until FY \'07. Throughout the year, this branch
    coordinated CSR's, significant meetings and structural review
    activities with FHWA and AASHTO (American Association of State
    Highway and Transportation Officials) as part of professional
    capacity development initiative.

-   [Planning Meetings:]{.underline} In stakeholder networking and
    outreach efforts, this branch supported the AASHTO Special Committee
    on Transportation Security through two planning meetings, activities
    with the TRB (Transportation Research Board) research project
    selection committee; and assisted in the development of revised
    AASHTO Risk Assessment Methodology.

-   [Working Groups:]{.underline} This branch served as subject matter
    experts to support TSA's International Office on border bridge
    issues; and worked closely with TSA's Mass Transit Security Division
    on its tunnel security working group.

-   [Cooperative Projects:]{.underline} In 2006, this branch served as
    the Highway and Motor Carrier's primary liaison in cooperative
    projects through the TSA CTO\'s Integrated Product Team to initiate
    CTO-funded projects focused on vehicle screening (license plate
    reading); truck renter vetting; and the vehicle OEM (original
    equipment manufacturer) project to identify the most promising and
    cost-efficient security enhancements for commercial vehicles.

-   In addition to its program duties, this branch provided budget and
    CSR support for all other HMC branches.

-   [FLETC CMV Officer Training:]{.underline} During 2006, the HMC
    Licensing and Infrastructure Branch, working with the DHS Federal
    law Enforcement Training Center, inaugurated the new Commercial
    Vehicle Counter-Terrorism Instructor course created by FLETC under
    an interagency agreement with HMC. By the close of 2006, some 75
    roadside commercial vehicle enforcement instructors had completed
    the course and an approximately equal number of non-instructor
    officers also completed the course. The training has been added to
    FLETC\'s general counter-terrorism instruction program and is
    reported to be among the Center\'s most popular courses.

**[Threat, Vulnerabilities, and Consequences Branch]{.underline}**

-   [Liaison to TSA Office of Intelligence:]{.underline} Coordinated
    with TSA Office of Intelligence (OI) to examine threats to
    commercial trucking, commercial bus, and school bus interests.
    Reviewed and drafted portions of classified documents on various
    threats as prepared by TSA OI. Issues and assessments include
    commercial driving licenses, CDL schools, cargo threats (chlorine)
    threats to select locations, and general highway threat assessments.
    This branch, also, managed classified material and safe in HMC
    program. Other initiatives include:

    -   Cross Border Initiative -- assess cross-border operation of
        motorcoaches in Southwest Border.

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-   [Liaison to TSA Office of Risk Assessment]{.underline}: Highway and
    Motor Carrier liaison to efforts to assess risk in various modes
    including risk from Chem/Bio attack, flu pandemic, and overall risk
    to highway transportation mode. Initiatives include:

    -   Updated nationwide list of critical highway resources.

    -   Drafted HMC assessment of threat posed by VBIEDs to highway
        mode.

    -   Developed and evaluate scenarios on 15 threat themes specified
        by DHS/IP in the development of the Strategic Homeland
        Infrastructure Risk Assessment (SHIRA).

    -   Provided input and review of National Critical Infrastructure
        and Key Resources Annual Report.

    -   Reviewed and classified over 250 highway facilities and venues
        deemed critical by state transportation authorities.

        -   [Lead for HAZMAT Issues in HMC:]{.underline} Assessing
            security practices for hazardous materials in truck
            transportation including application to Security Threat
            Assessments for Commercial Drivers Licenses. Initiatives
            include:

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    -   Researched transportation industry security practices for
        movement of bulk chemicals. Met with several industry leaders to
        discuss security practices.

    -   Worked closely with chemical manufacturing and transportation
        industry to better understand industry operations. Also advanced
        Truck Tracking Pilot for hazmats by increased interface with
        industry.

    -   Interfaced with appropriate Federal agencies including DOT,
        PHMSA, and FMCSA (see summary below for TSA-DOT MOU)

    -   Drafted Preliminary list of Sensitive Security HAZSUBS for
        application to Security Threat Assessments for Commercial
        Drivers Licenses. Further revised list and underlying authority.
        Coordinated with appropriate TSA organizations including TTAC
        (Credentialing) and TSA Chief Counsel.

    -   Developed initial TSA Select HAZMATS for implementation of
        voluntary enhanced security practices. Coordinated with other
        DHS and DOT agencies to create defensible list of substances.
        Coordinated with industry stakeholders through the SCC.

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-   [Phosgene-ISOCHEM Initiative:]{.underline} At request of DHS
    Secretary, HMC examined transportation practices for phosgene to
    better understand threats and vulnerabilities from shipment of
    phosgene. HMC worked with sole transporter and led team conducting
    Corporate Security Review. Examined operating and management
    practices and prepared recommendations to increase security of
    phosgene transportation. Method was viewed as the model for further
    examination of individual substances.

-   [Corporate Security Review Program:]{.underline} Wrote methodology
    to make CSR a risk-based initiative in motor carrier program.
    Incorporated databases from other Federal agencies to more
    accurately assessing risk of candidates for CSRs. Also examined the
    integration of available commercial database and their value in
    examining risk. Monitored and revised the drafting of initial report
    on CSRs for motor carriers, motorcoach, and school bus industry.

-   [Implementation of MOU between TSA and DOT-PHMSA:]{.underline}
    Served as primary HMC point of contact between DOT-PHMSA, FMCSA, and
    TSA. Identified issues of significance and initiated process of
    coordination between agencies to identify issues and chart path for
    future endeavors. Also reviewed and made recommendations on draft
    Executive Order on TSA functions.

-   [General Accountability Office:]{.underline} Worked with GAO
    auditors to explain HMC program and TVC elements. Assembled
    information for distribution to auditors.

-   [Continuity of Operations (CONOPS) Exercises for HMC:]{.underline}
    Participated in multiple CONOPS including relocation of HMC
    personnel to alternative locations. Reassembled and expanded HMC
    Smart Book to be used during relocation of HMC program from TSA HQ
    to alternate locations. Developed appropriate electronic access to
    Smart Book through hyperlinks.

-   [Internal HMC Security Exercises:]{.underline} Organized internal
    security exercises for HMC including tabletop exercise focused on
    motorcoach scenario.

-   [Stakeholder Interaction:]{.underline} Provide appropriate
    unclassified information to stakeholders including information from
    TSOC watch log, intelligence reports, analysis and BOLOs. Provide
    daily intelligence reports to HMC managers gathering from open
    sources. Distributed critical information on various security
    programs to stakeholders (TWIC NPRM, Holiday Security Assessment).
    Also initiated HMC access to TSA Alert System to provide ability to
    alert large number of stakeholders of security event.

-   [Liaison to Transportation Security Operations Center and Highway
    Information and Security Analysis Center:]{.underline} Created the
    division's smart card to guide TSOC watch standers and officers
    through critical first two hors of a highway incident, allowing time
    to stand-up and incident management group.

**[Trucking Branch]{.underline}**

-   [Corporate Security Review Program:]{.underline} Throughout 2006,
    the Highway and Motor Carrier Security Division (HMCS) Trucking
    Branch conducted 10 Corporate Security Reviews. Motor carriers
    engaged in the transportation of hazardous materials (HM), with a
    specific focus on toxic by inhalation (TIH), poison by inhalation
    (PIH) and explosives were selected to participate. Selection of
    participants was based on research conducted by transportation
    specialists in the Trucking Branch on chemical manufacturers and
    carriers.

-   [Missouri Pilot Program:]{.underline} In January 2006, the Trucking
    Branch initiated a Corporate Security Review (CSR) pilot program
    with the State of Missouri Department of Transportation Motor
    Carriers Services Division. Before the April 2006 pilot kick-off,
    the Trucking Branch developed a curriculum to instruct 44 MoDOT
    officers to conduct TSA CSRs during their safety checks on trucking
    companies and their equipment. The training session took place in
    March 2006. Since then, over 950 CSRs have been conducted in and by
    the State of Missouri. Additionally, the branch has participated in
    the redesign of the curriculum for future training of new HMCS
    transportation specialists and other state/federal entities
    participating in the pilot program. This pilot program shows
    positive results as seen by the number of CSRs completed during the
    calendar year of 2006 in Missouri. Graph 1 below depicts monthly
    CSRs completed since pilot implementation.

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-   [Highway Watch Program:]{.underline} The Highway Watch Program is a
    TSA grant funded initiative that is administered by the American
    Trucking Associations (ATA) and has enrolled over 365,000 driving
    professionals to observe, assess, and report incidents involving
    potential terrorist activities, accidents, disabled vehicles,
    hazardous road conditions and other highway incidents to the
    appropriate authorities. This program has been Congressional funded
    for the previous 4 years. Total funding for this program now exceeds
    65 million dollars

-   [Truck Tracking Security Pilot:]{.underline} Another ongoing project
    in the Trucking Branch is the HAZMAT Tracking Security Pilot (HTSP).
    The purpose of the pilot is to increase domain awareness related to
    the transportation of hazardous materials and provide a capability
    for coordinated, agile responses to terrorist threats.

> The desired outcome is to provide TSA with a tested and established
> truck tracking center that will allow the government to continually
> track truck locations and load types in all 50 states; and develop a
> set of protocols capable of interfacing with existing truck tracking
> systems, state and local government intelligence operations centers,
> and federal law enforcement agencies and first responders. When all of
> the objectives of the pilot are achieved, TSA will have the capability
> to coordinate and communicate with other first responder entities and
> effectively respond to a Transportation Security Incident (TSI).

-   [Working Groups:]{.underline} The HMC Division Trucking
    representatives have been participating in a TSA/PHMSA HAZMAT MOU
    Annex working group. As part of the interagency group, the Security
    Action Items previously developed earlier in 2006 by the branch will
    continue to be revised and updated.

-   [Stakeholder Outreach:]{.underline} Aside from the internal
    projects, the branch routinely made formal presentations to industry
    associations such as OOIDA, NDTA, and the SDDC special committee on
    AA&E movements. In addition, the branch represented the HMC Office
    at stakeholder meetings including NTTC, NPTC, NDTA, FMCSA, FHWA,
    OOIDA, CVSA, and PHMSA. Stakeholder interaction occurred on a
    regular basis to ensure security projects, programs, and plans are
    applicable, timely, and effective.

**[Intercity Bus, motorcoach, and School Bus Branch]{.underline}**

**Motorcoach/School Bus Branch**

-   [School Transportation Security Awareness Program
    (STSA):]{.underline} The \"School Transportation Security
    Awareness\" (STSA) program has been developed by the Transportation
    Security Administration's Highway and Motor Carrier Security
    Division in conjunction with the National Association of State
    Directors of Pupil Transportation Services (NASDPTS), the National
    Association for Pupil Transportation (NAPT), and the National School
    Transportation Association (NSTA) to provide much needed security
    awareness information and training to the school transportation
    industry. STSA focuses on terrorist and criminal threats to school
    buses, bus passengers, and destination facilities. It is designed to
    provide school bus drivers, administrators, and staff members with
    information that will enable them to effectively identify and report
    perceived security threats, as well as the skills to appropriately
    react and respond to a security incident should it occur.

> The STSA program consists of a 24-minute DVD of a simulated school bus
> hijacking and web-based self-study modules offered in both English and
> Spanish. The program has been designed so that the information can be
> obtained in a classroom setting or by individual self-guided study
> on-line. Once registration has been completed, an ID code is assigned,
> and each member of the registered district/ organization is then able
> to access the on-line training at any time.
>
> The first step in initiating the STSA program was the Beta testing
> phase. On March 1, 2006, Consolidated Safety Services (CSS), the TSA
> contractor for STSA, released STSA materials to fourteen school
> districts and/or school transportation operators spanning eleven
> states for formal Beta testing. Beta test participants were nominated
> by members of the Security Task Force (STF)[^2]. The test period
> lasted for 45 days[^3], and included a "spring break" observed by
> school districts. Table 1 provides a list of the STSA Beta test
> participants. The first eleven listed actually registered as formal
> test sites, and at least two staff members from each completed the
> entire curriculum. The last three listed did not respond (although
> they may have viewed the DVD) and no statistics are available on them.
>
> STSA was initially introduced to the school transportation community
> through presentations at a variety of conferences throughout the
> United States. Table 2 provides a list of the conferences at which the
> program was presented.

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  **TABLE 1. Beta Test                                                                    
  Participants**                                                                          

  **School District**        **Location**                  **Approximate                  
                                                           Number of                      
                                                           Participants**                 

  Avon Community School      Avon, Indiana                 DVD \> 5                       
  Corp.                      (Midwest)                     Internet = 5                   

  California Dept. of Ed &   Sacramento,                   DVD \> 20                      
  CHP Acad.                  California                    Internet = 50                  
                             (West)                                                       

  Fairfax County Public      Fairfax,                      DVD \> 20                      
  Schools                    Virginia                      Internet = 20\*                
                             (East)                                                       

  Liverpool School District  Liverpool, New                DVD \> 5                       
                             York (East)                   Internet = 5                   

  Midland Integrated School  Midland, Texas                DVD \> 2                       
  District                   (West)                        Internet = 2                   

  Norfolk Public Schools     Norfolk,                      DVD \> 25                      
                             Virginia                      Internet = 6                   
                             (South)                                                      

  Krapf Bus Companies        Exton,                        DVD \> 150                     
                             Pennsylvania                  Internet = 150                 
                             (East)                                                       

  San Diego Unified School   San Diego,                    DVD \> 6                       
  District                   California                    Internet = 6                   
                             (West)                                                       

  San Juan Unified School    N. Highlands,                 DVD \> 3                       
  District                   California                    Internet = 3                   
                             (West)                                                       

  Washington County School   St. George,                   DVD \> 5                       
  District                   Utah (West)                   Internet = 2                   

  Dousman Transport Company  N. Prairie,                   DVD \> 100                     
                             Wisconsin                     Internet = 100                 
                             (Midwest)                                                    

  ***Not Responding***       ***NA***                      ***No reliable                 
                                                           statistics                     
                                                           available***                   

  *Hunterdon Regional High   *Flemington,                  *DVD = ?                       
  School*                    New Jersey                    Internet = NA*                 
                             (East)*                                                      

  *First Student Transport   *Cincinnati,                  *DVD = ?                       
  Company*                   Ohio                          Internet = NA*                 
                             (Midwest)*                                                   

  *Cook-Illinois             *Oak Forest,                  *DVD = ?                       
  Corporation*               Illinois.                     Internet = NA*                 
                             (Midwest)*                                                   

  **TABLE 2. STSA Conference                                                              
  Presentations**                                                                         

  Ohio Advanced Driver                      Columbus, Ohio                  June 13, 20,  
  Training Program (3                                                       27            
  Sessions)                                                                               

  Texas Association for                     South Padre                     June 16 - 21  
  Pupil Transportation                      island, Texas                                 

  Pennsylvania School Bus                   Champion,                       June 25 - 27  
  Association                               Pennsylvania                                  

  S.E. States Pupil                         Hampton,                        July 15 - 19  
  Transportation Annual                     Virginia                                      
  Conference                                                                              

  New York Association for                  Albany, New                     July 15 - 19  
  Pupil Transportation                      York                                          

  NSTA/STN Conference                       Reno, Nevada                    July 25       

  NASDPTS/NAPT Annual                       Kansas City,                    November 5-6  
  Conference                                Missouri                                      
  -------------------------- -------------- -------------- ---------------- ------------- --

> As of December 27, 2006, there were 349 registrations on the STSA web
> site spanning 42 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, the Virgin
> Islands, and Canada. Registered entities include 259 school districts,
> 34 law enforcement agencies, 32 private transportation providers, and
> 24 non-specified registrants.
>
> The STSA web site is designed to accept user feedback. In order to
> gage effectiveness and to enhance future development both TSA and CSS
> monitor the STSA web site regularly to collect and assess this
> feedback; activate registrations; process DVD requests; and monitor
> usage. Effectiveness quality (rated by users) is currently 8.1 out of
> a 9.0 scale.
>
> TSA's cost for each registered organization is currently \$ 1,643; and
> \$30 for each individual trained.[^4] TSA's costs will continue to
> decrease at a rate proportionate to numbers of registered
> participants. To date, 4,015 DVDs have been delivered to stakeholders.
>
> The STSA contract with CSS is in effect through mid-2008. At that
> time, it is projected that TSA will only require CSS to continue
> monitoring and updating the web site. However, another contract with
> CSS could be initiated for the production of grant guidance and
> administration if future funding opportunities to further the STSA
> program were made possible.

-   [Corporate Security Reviews:]{.underline} In 2006, eight (8)
    motorcoach and seven (7) school bus CSRs were conducted, and as a
    result, the Highway & Motor Carrier Security Division Office (HMC),
    Passenger Security Branch staff has learned a number of lessons
    regarding the ways in which motorcoach and school transportation
    entities administer their security programs. The Branch has, also,
    learned about how well prepared these entities are to deal with
    potential terrorist attacks on their assets. Although more CSRs must
    be conducted before accurate quantitative analysis can be performed,
    the areas of lessons learned so far include:

    -   Credentials

    -   Background Checks

    -   Secure Areas

    -   Perimeter Control

    -   Communication

    -   Training

        -   [FY '06 Intercity Bus Security Grant Program
            (IBSGP):]{.underline} FY '06 IBSGP provided \$9,503,000 to
            owners/operators of fixed route intercity and charter bus
            services using over-the-road buses. The FY 2006 IBSGP
            focused on facility security enhancements in defined UASI
            jurisdictions; driver security enhancements; vehicle
            security enhancements; emergency communication technology;
            coordinating with local police and emergency responders; and
            training and exercises. The division's passenger security
            branch staff:

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    -   Developed the FY '06 IBSGP guidance in conjunction with the
        Office of Grants and Training (G&T), the Federal Motor Carrier
        Safety Administration (FMCSA), the American Bus Association
        (ABA), and the United Motorcoach Association (UMA).

    -   Participated in twice daily grants meetings at either TSA or G&T
        headquarters.

    -   Answered stakeholder questions via e-mail and conference calls.

    -   Participated in grants panels. Evaluated and submitted
        stakeholder project plans; scored proposals; and determined if
        the projects described in the project plans should receive all,
        some, or no funding.

        -   [Stakeholder Outreach/Conferences]{.underline}: The HMC
            Passenger Security Branch attended and participated in
            several conferences in FY '06. Participation ranged from
            panel discussion to lecture presentation. The conferences
            are as follows:

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```
-   "Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance (CVSA) Annual Conference" -- *A
    series of sessions, meetings, planning activities and best practices
    discussions focused on providing assistance to law enforcement
    leadership, managers, and those on the road to achieve results in*
    *detecting and removing unsafe drivers and vehicles from the road.*

-   Hartford, Connecticut

-   April 24 -- 26, 2006

-   "National School Transportation Association/School Transportation
    News Conference" -- *A series of sessions and workshops designed to
    enhance the safety of our nation's children. NSTA provides resources
    to help inform local communities about the benefits of school bus
    transportation; conducts research regarding the use of
    environmentally friendly and safer school buses; and provides
    additional training and educational opportunities for pupil
    transportation professionals.*

-   Reno, Nevada

-   July 24 - 26, 2006

-   "California Association of School Transportation Officials (CASTO)
    Conference" -- *A series of sessions and workshops to promote safe
    pupil transportation for all children through education and training
    in every avenue of transportation.*

-   South Lake Tahoe, California

-   October 9 -- 11, 2006

-   "National Association of State Directors of Pupil Transportation
    Services/National Association for Pupil Transportation (NASDPT/
    NAPT) Annual Conference" - *A series of workshops, sessions, and
    planning activities to promote leadership, assistance and motivation
    to the nation's school transportation industry with the goal of
    providing safe, efficient, economical, and high-quality
    transportation to school children.*

-   Kansas City, Missouri

-   November 5 - 9, 2006

**[SUMMARY]{.underline}**

This document has summarized the activities of the Highway and Motor
Carrier Security Division conducted in calendar year 2006. Many of the
initiatives begun in 2006 will extend into calendar year 2007. It is in
2007 that many pilot programs and initiatives begun in 2006 will be
completed. As evidenced by the initiatives and projects outlined in this
document the Highway and Motor Carrier Security Division remains
committed to reducing the risk of terrorism throughout the Nation.

Reducing the risk of terrorism to our stakeholders and to the citizens
of the United States remains our focus and priority. In 2007 our focus
on hazardous materials tracking, particularly Toxic Inhalation Hazard
(TIH) and Poison Inhalation Hazard (PIH), truck and bus grants,
expanding stakeholder partnerships, commercial motor vehicle license
vetting, closing gaps in the Rental Truck industry, and pursuit of
regulatory initiatives will establish our baseline for moving forward in
2007.

We expect that our continuing efforts in 2007 will exceed our
achievements of 2006.

[^1]: Para-phrase from CRS Report to Congress, Transportation Security:
    Issues for the 110^th^ Congress

[^2]: The Security Task Force is an advisory group collectively
    representing the National Association of State Directors of Pupil
    Transportation Services (NASDPTS), the National Association for
    Pupil Transportation (NAPT), and the National School Transportation
    Association (NSTA).

[^3]: The test period officially ended on April 15, 2006.

[^4]: Costs are projected based on contract and production costs divided
    by the estimated number of 19,350 personnel trained so far.