BEE-spoke-data/consumer-finance-complaints huggingface dataset:
Consumer complaint received 2022-11-23
Company: Bread Financial Holdings, Inc.
State: NY
Product: Credit card or prepaid card
Sub-product: General-purpose credit card or charge card
Issue: Fees or interest
Sub-issue: Problem with fees

Complaint:
I received a bill on my XXXX Comenity Mastercard that was due on XX/XX/28, I made a partial payment in a timely fashion. 
I then received a bill for the next month due on XX/XX/28 which included interest due to the partial payment on XX/XX/28. That interest charge is understandable. I then proceeded to pay that bill in full again prior to the due date. That payment in full was acknowledged by XXXX. 
My next bill due on XX/XX/28 also included an interest charge, even though the previous bill had been paid in full before the due date. 
I did call XXXX and inquired about the interest charge even though the payment was made in full. Their response was that when the card changed from All Rewards to XXXX it included " residual interest '' even though there was no balance overdue and the card had been paid in full. 
I believe this " residual interest '' is an unfair charge as the balance was paid in full and should not have accrued any interest whatsoever. It is also interesting to note that the interest on the XX/XX/28 partial payment was only slightly more than the interest charged even though the account had been paid in full. This amounts to unfair charges to the consumer. My account with them will be cancelled. I do hope you publish this and warn others of how this company operates, especially in times of inflation.

Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2023-10-03
Company: EQUIFAX, INC.
State: NY
Product: Credit reporting or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Improper use of your report
Sub-issue: Credit inquiries on your report that you don't recognize

Complaint:
The following inquiries on my report are fraudulent and were not performed by me : XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX

Company response to consumer: Closed with non-monetary relief
Consumer complaint received 2022-11-24
Company: EQUIFAX, INC.
State: NJ
Product: Credit reporting, credit repair services, or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Problem with a credit reporting company's investigation into an existing problem
Sub-issue: Investigation took more than 30 days

Complaint:
Hi I am submitting this XXXX XXXX without any influence and this is not a third party. In accordance with the Fair Credit Reporting act. The list of accounts below has violated my federally protected consumer rights to privacy and confidentiality under 15 USC 1681. 
XXXX XXXX XX/XX/XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX - XX/XX/XXXX 15 USC 1681 Section 602 A- States I have the right to privacy.

15 USC 1681 Section 604 A-It also states a consumer reporting agency can not furnish an account without my written instructions.

15 USCC. ( a ) ( 5 ) Section states : No consumer reporting agency may take any consumer report containing any of the following items of information. Any other adverse item of information, other than records or convictions of crimes which antedates the report by more than seven years.

15 USC 1681s-2 ( A ) ( 1 ) A person shall not furnish any information relating to a consumer to any consumer reporting agency if the person knows has reasonable cause to believe that the information is inaccurate.

Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2023-10-09
Company: TRANSUNION INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS, INC.
State: IN
Product: Credit reporting or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Improper use of your report
Sub-issue: Reporting company used your report improperly

Complaint:
In accordance with the Fair Credit Reporting act, has violated my rights, 15 U.S.C 1681 Section 602 A, States I have the right to privacy.

15 U.S.C 1681 Section 604 A, Section 2 : It also states a consumer reporting agency can not furnish an account without my written instructions.

15 U.S.C 166b - timing of payments- A Creditor May not treat a payment on a credit card account under an open-end consumer credit plan as late for any reason.

Company public response: Company has responded to the consumer and the CFPB and chooses not to provide a public response
Company response to consumer: Closed with non-monetary relief
Consumer complaint received 2023-09-12
Company: TRANSUNION INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS, INC.
State: TX
Product: Credit reporting or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Incorrect information on your report
Sub-issue: Information belongs to someone else

Complaint:
This is my second endeavor to tell you that I am a victim of identity theft and I complain to question specific records in my document coming about because of the wrongdoing. The records I am questioning connect with no exchanges acquiring any possession of goods, services or money that I have made or authorized. Assuming no one cares either way, block the noteworthy of any information in my credit record that came about due to an alleged fraud or extortion. 
XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$1900.00} XXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX  {$10000.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$230.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  : {$22.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$140.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  {$5000.00XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  {$5300.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$1700.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$990.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX : {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$1900.00} XXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX {$10000.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX : {$5000.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$5300.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$1700.00} XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$990.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX : {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  : {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$10000.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX {$1900.00} XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX {$5000.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$1200.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$5300.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$1700.00} XXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX {$990.00} XXXX XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX {$0.00} XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX

Company public response: Company has responded to the consumer and the CFPB and chooses not to provide a public response
Company response to consumer: Closed with non-monetary relief
Consumer complaint received 2015-10-09
Company: EQUIFAX, INC.
State: FL
Product: Credit reporting
Issue: Incorrect information on credit report
Sub-issue: Information is not mine

Complaint:
There are many hard inquiries on my credit without my authorization. On XX/XX/XXXX & XX/XX/2015, XXXX XXXX, XXXX XXXX obtained a copy of my credit report without my authorization. And on XX/XX/2015 XXXX also obtained an unauthorized copy. I requested written proof and none was provided.

Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2022-11-24
Company: TRANSUNION INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS, INC.
State: NY
Product: Credit reporting, credit repair services, or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Improper use of your report
Sub-issue: Reporting company used your report improperly

Complaint:
In Accordance with the fair credit report act. The list of accounts below has violated my federally protected consumer rights to privacy and confidentiality under 15 U.S.C 1681. 
- XXXX XXXX XXXX 
XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX Account names has violated my right. 
15 U.S.C 1681 section 602 A. States I have right to privacy.

15 U.S.C 1681 Section 604 A section 2 : it also states a consumer reporting agency can not furnish a account without my written instructions.

15 U.S.C 1681c. ( a ) ( 5 ) Section States : no consumer reporting agency may make any consumer report containing any of the following items of information Any other adverse item of information, other than records of convictions of crimes which antedates the report by more than seven years.

15 U.S.C. 1681s-2 ( A ) ( 1 ) A person shall not furnish any information relating to a consumer to any consumer reporting agency if the person knows or has reasonable cause to believe that the information is inaccurate.

Company public response: Company has responded to the consumer and the CFPB and chooses not to provide a public response
Company response to consumer: Closed with non-monetary relief
Consumer complaint received 2023-09-03
Company: EQUIFAX, INC.
State: AL
Product: Credit reporting or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Improper use of your report
Sub-issue: Credit inquiries on your report that you don't recognize

Complaint:
Hard inquiries : XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX In accordance with the Fair Credit Reporting Act. The lists of accounts below violates my federally protected consumer rights to privacy and confidentiality under 15 USC 1681. 

Nation Credit Adjust : XXXX, XXXX XXXX XXXX : XXXX, has violated my rights. 

15 U.S.C 1681 Section 602 A. States I have the right to privacy.

15 U.S.C 1681 Section 604 A Section 2 : It also states a consumer reporting agency can not furnish a account without my written instructions.

15 U.S.C 1681c. ( a ) ( 5 ) Section States : no consumer reporting agency may make any consumer report containing any of the following items of information. Any other adverse item of information other than records of convictions of crime which antedates the report by more than seven years.

15 U.S.C 1681s-2 ( A ) ( 1 ) A person shall not furnish any information relating to a consumer to any consumer reporting agency if the person knows or has reasonable cause to believe that the information is inaccurate.

Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2023-09-12
Company: TRANSUNION INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS, INC.
State: FL
Product: Credit reporting or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Incorrect information on your report
Sub-issue: Information belongs to someone else

Complaint:
This is one of several times I've discovered that my credit report had inaccurate information. The three credit bureaus must verify these items in accordance with Sections 609 ( a ) ( 1 ) ( A ) and 611 ( a ) ( 1 ) ( A ). It is not acceptable to report these items as unconfirmed information without validating them within the legally required time range. The following false information on my credit report has to be investigated, amended, or completely omitted : XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXXXX/XX/XXXX

Company public response: Company has responded to the consumer and the CFPB and chooses not to provide a public response
Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2022-11-23
Company: Experian Information Solutions Inc.
State: OH
Product: Credit reporting, credit repair services, or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Problem with a credit reporting company's investigation into an existing problem
Sub-issue: Their investigation did not fix an error on your report

Complaint:
Hello my name is XXXX XXXX and I have been reaching out to all three credit bureau 's via mail trying to resolve this debilitating issue for the past 4 months to no available. I have been disputing this/these accounts with The credit reporting agencies who are inaccurately reporting information on my consumer report without my consent. They are in violation of 15 USC 1681 e ( b ) where I am supposed to be promised accuracy in my report based on federal law. The companies have not been responding which is extremely frustrating and at this point Im not sure what else to do. 

I wrote to them on the following dates : XX/XX/20XXXX XXXX

Company public response: Company has responded to the consumer and the CFPB and chooses not to provide a public response
Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2023-10-05
Company: EQUIFAX, INC.
State: MN
Product: Credit reporting or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Incorrect information on your report
Sub-issue: Information belongs to someone else

Complaint:
Attached to this complaint is a letter from XXXX XXXX XXXX  and XXXX XXXX regarding the accounts thats currently listed and showing on my Equifax credit report, being fraudulent accounts and not my account. The XXXX XXXX  and XXXX XXXX XXXX  XXXX  account are fraudulent accounts and not my accounts.

Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2023-02-08
Company: WELLS FARGO & COMPANY
State: KS
Product: Credit card or prepaid card
Sub-product: Store credit card
Issue: Fees or interest
Sub-issue: Unexpected increase in interest rate

Complaint:
This complaint is a consequence of my original one dated XXXX which has been already closed - # XXXX. There, I stated how we purchased furniture at XXXX XXXX XXXX in XXXX  XXXX, XXXX in XX/XX/XXXX. We were lured by the XXXX percent interest in XXXX  months financed by Well Fargo. After the furniture was delivered and we received our first statement showing no interest charged, I assumed no interests will be charged to our account until XXXX XXXX when I had the chance to check our balance and learned Wells Fargo has been charging interests on this purchase. I submitted my complaint to CFPB on XXXX XXXX and Wells Fargo responded with all sorts of statements claiming they were not going to reverse the interests charged to our account. 
I responded saying that we assumed responsibility for not keeping the original receipt from the day of the purchase where no interest was shown. We took a loss! However, yesterday, XXXX XXXX, I received a phone call from XXXX XXXX, Manager at XXXX XXXX, saying we forgot to sign the original purchase contract agreement. That was weird that we get a phone call from the furniture store at this point. She sent the new " fabricated document '' showing an APR of XXXX %. She wanted my husband, XXXX XXXX, to sign it ASAP. 
I was in a shock and disbelieved at how these XXXX companies - Wells Fargo and XXXX XXXX have conspired to fabricate this contract agreement, making sure there was an interest rate of XXXX % on the purchase made in XX/XX/XXXX. The purchase was done! Almost at XXXX  months since all that was made and done. Why out of nowhere they were sending this " new contract ''? Look at all documents attached here. Check how it was carefully drafted - receipts were printed on XXXX XXXX. 
XXXX XXXX tried to tell me that there was aXXXX % interest rate included in our original contract and also stated and we did not understand. That's not true. If so, where is the original invoice? Why are you needing our signature now? After XXXX  months? In complicity with Wells Fargo, notorious for falsifying documents, this woman called us XXXX  yesterday and sent these documents via email. 
Whose idea was it to have her contact us? After this purchase was done XXXX  months ago. Why is she doing this for Wells Fargo? What is the benefit? 
From the beginning this was a joint account. But XXXX was in a hurry wanting my husband to sign this fabricated document ASAP for their records. Check what she sent me in the attached documents.

Company public response: Company has responded to the consumer and the CFPB and chooses not to provide a public response
Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2023-10-09
Company: TRANSUNION INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS, INC.
State: AR
Product: Credit reporting or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Problem with a company's investigation into an existing problem
Sub-issue: Their investigation did not fix an error on your report

Complaint:
I have tried to get information that isnt mine removed. Im a victim of identity theft and yet this major bureau refuse to remove it.

Company public response: Company has responded to the consumer and the CFPB and chooses not to provide a public response
Company response to consumer: Closed with non-monetary relief
Consumer complaint received 2023-09-17
Company: Experian Information Solutions Inc.
State: TX
Product: Credit reporting or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Problem with a company's investigation into an existing problem
Sub-issue: Their investigation did not fix an error on your report

Complaint:
I have reached out to XXXX, XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX multiple times to dispute these incorrect accounts. I have also disputed them via the XXXX credit bureaus multiple times most recently in XX/XX/2023 with no response. These items are detrimental to me providing for my family and my financial well being. I have also asked for my name to be corrected there are several names listed and none of them correct which if they would get back to me they would know these are incorrect accounts just based on the incorrect name alone. Per 15 usc code 1681 they are violating my writes as a consumer.

Company public response: Company has responded to the consumer and the CFPB and chooses not to provide a public response
Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2023-09-26
Company: CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
State: GA
Product: Checking or savings account
Sub-product: Checking account
Issue: Managing an account
Sub-issue: Deposits and withdrawals

Complaint:
I tried to make a wire transfer from my checking account, but my money immediately became unavailable for me to wire out or withdraw. I called the number they gave to me and I spent over 10 hours with the bank on the phone in 3 days, I was transferred to different departments by the bank again and again, and they never helped out with anything. Their employees had no idea how to help me get my money. As of today, I am not able to move my money and I have no idea what the reason is and I have NO idea when I can get my money, I need my money to pay bills!!!

Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2023-10-05
Company: EQUIFAX, INC.
State: MD
Product: Credit reporting or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Incorrect information on your report
Sub-issue: Information belongs to someone else

Complaint:
If you feel there is a possibility these accounts belong to me I will require all documentation that bears my signature ( another research item I found that requires you to verify with 100 % accuracy that each account is 100 % true, accurate, correct, complete & VERIFIABLE ). If you do not provide any records & claim the item is verified please understand I will seek legal action. I do not take kindly to games nor does my attorney. SO please comply with the law so this matter can be handled swiftly. 
XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX VA XXXX XX/XX/XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX VA XXXX XX/XX/XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  ( Original Creditor : XXXX XXXX ) XXXX Balance : {$1300.00} XXXX XXXX ( Original Creditor XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX ) XXXX Balance : {$650.00} XXXX  XXXX Bankruptcy Date Filed/Reported : XX/XX/XXXX Reference # : XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XX/XX/XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX, MD XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX, VA XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  ( Original Creditor XXXX XXXX XXXX ) XXXX Balance XXXX {$1300.00} XXXX XXXX Bankruptcy Date Filed/Reported : XX/XX/XXXX Reference # XXXX XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXXXX/XX/XXXX XXXX XX/XX/XXXX XXXX XX/XX/XXXX XXXX XX/XX/XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX, MD XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX, VA XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX  ( Original XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX Balance : {$1300.00} XXXX XXXX Bankruptcy XXXX Filed/Reported : XX/XX/XXXX Reference # : XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX

Company response to consumer: Closed with non-monetary relief
Consumer complaint received 2022-11-23
Company: Io, Inc.
State: PA
Product: Credit reporting, credit repair services, or other personal consumer reports
Sub-product: Credit reporting
Issue: Incorrect information on your report
Sub-issue: Account status incorrect

Complaint:
I HAVE NOT RECEIVED VALADATION NOTIFATION BY MAIL OR ELECTRONIC PRIOR TO REPORTING TO MY CONSUMER CREDT REPORT FOR COLLECTION AGENCY LISTED BELOW : XXXX XXXX XXXX {$270.00} IF YOU CLAIM TO HAVE SENT IT YOU MUST PROVIDE PROOF OF ME RECEIVING IT, BECAUSE YOU DON'T HAVE PROOF UNDER THE LAWS OF THE FDCPA, YOU MUST REMOVE IMMEDIATELY OFF MY CONSUMER CREDIT REPORT AND AWARD ME {$1000.00}.

Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2022-11-23
Company: PNC Bank N.A.
State: OH
Product: Checking or savings account
Sub-product: Checking account
Issue: Managing an account
Sub-issue: Deposits and withdrawals

Complaint:
XX/XX/2022 Deposited amount : {$160.00} I called the company they said theyd go into an investigation about it but there atm didnt say it had any errors at all and there may not be anything they can do.

Company response to consumer: Closed with monetary relief
Consumer complaint received 2023-08-19
Company: CITIZENS FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
State: PA
Product: Checking or savings account
Sub-product: Other banking product or service
Issue: Opening an account
Sub-issue: Account opened as a result of fraud

Complaint:
Someone attempted to open account using my identity at citizens bank. They were unsuccessful but I would like to notify your bureau in case this has happened with other financial institutions.

Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation
Consumer complaint received 2023-09-10
Company: CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
State: GA
Product: Debt collection
Sub-product: I do not know
Issue: False statements or representation
Sub-issue: Attempted to collect wrong amount

Complaint:
XXXX XXXX XXXX SENT " STATEMENTS '' WHICH ARE NOT ORIGINAL CONTRACT/SECURITIES SIGNED BETWEEN XXXX PARTIES.

Company response to consumer: Closed with explanation