BEE-spoke-data/bees-v0 huggingface dataset:
Let it be \(
rac{1}{2}\) or \(
rac{3}{4}\) inch deep in the dish; and as it cools cut in squares and wrap each square in paraffin paper, such as grocers wrap butter in. To make chocolate caramels, add to the foregoing 1 tablespoonful melted chocolate, just before taking off the stove, stirring it in well.
For chocolate caramels it is not so important that the honey be of best quality.
_C. C. Miller._
Honey Apple-butter. -- 1 gal. good cooking apples, 1 qt. honey, 1 qt. honey vinegar, 1 heaping teaspoonful ground cinnamon. Cook several hours, stirring often to prevent burning. If the vinegar is very strong, use part water.
_Mrs. R. C. Aikin._
Honey and Tar Cough-cure. -- Put 1 tablespoonful liquid tar into a shallow tin dish and place it in boiling water until the tar is hot. To this add a pint of extracted honey and stir well for half an hour, adding to it a level teaspoonful pulverized borax. Keep well corked in a bottle. Dose, teaspoonful every one, two, or three hours, according to severity of cough.
Summer Honey-drink. -- 1 spoonful fruit juice and 1 spoonful honey in \(
rac{1}{2}\) glass water; stir in as much soda as will **246**
foreign honey recipes
Alsatian Gingerbread. -- 1 lb. honey, 1 lb. flour, ginger to suit, 2\(
rac{1}{2}\) drams bicarbonate soda. The honey is first brought to a boil, preferably in a double boiler. It is then removed from the fire, and the flour well stirred into it, and then the soda (or baking-powder); bake. If sweet gingerbread is wanted, add the white of an egg, well whipped, and more honey. The above will keep well for a year if kept in a cell.
Swiss Cookies. -- Prepare some dough as for the gingerbread, and mix with it 1 lb. crushed almonds, orange and lemon juice, and cinnamon; and, if desired, cloves to suit the taste.
Honey Fruit-cakes. -- 4 eggs, 5 teacups flour, 2 teacups honey, 1 teacup butter, 1 teacup sweet milk, 3 teapoonfuls baking-powder, 1 lb. raisins, 1 lb. currants, 1 teaspoonful cloves, 1 teaspoonful cinnamon, 1 teaspoonful nutmeg. Then bake in slow oven. The above will keep moist for months.
Honey Brown Bread. -- 1 cup corn meal, 1 cup yve meal, 1 cup sour milk, 1\(
rac{1}{2}\) (or less) cup honey, 1 teaspoonful salt, 1 teaspoonful soda. Steam 4 hours, then dry in the oven 15 minutes. This bread should be kept in an air-tight box, where it will keep fresh for a long time.
HONEY A FOOD AND MEDICINE
French Honey-muffins. -- 11\({1\over 2}\) pts. flour, 1 cup honey. 1\({1\over 2}\) teaspoonful salt, two teaspoonfuls baking-powder, 2 table-spoonfuls butter, 3 eggs, and a little over half a pint of milk or thin cream. Sift together the flour, salt, and powder; rub in the butter cold; add beaten eggs, milk, and honey. Mix smoothly in batter as for bound cake; about half fill sponge-cake tins, cold and fully greased, and bake bread in good steady oven for eight minutes.
Remedy for Constipation. -- Dr. Vogel, of the University of Dorpat, one of the greatest authorities on the subject of children's diseases, recommends giving the juice of well-stewed prunes, sweetened with honey, to very small children, instead of castor oil or other remedies. This is also a remedy which can be used by adults with good results Try it.
Honey-taffy. -- Boil honey until it hardens when dropped into cold water. Pull until it becomes white. Any quantity may be used. A pound requires 20 minutes' boiling and stirring. Great care must be exercised not to burn the honey. It makes very fine taffy.
Honey-drops. -- Blend 1\({1\over 3}\) cup honey, 1 teaspoonful butter, 1 egg well beaten, 3 cup flour, sifted with half a teaspoonful of baking-powder and a pinch of salt. Drop by teaspoonfuls on a tin, and bake in a quick oven. These proportions will make about 20 cakes.
Pickled Grapes in Honey. -- 7 lbs. good grapes (wine grapes if possible). The stalks must be left, and carefully packed in a jar without bruising any of them. Make a syrup of 4 lbs. of honey, a pint of good vinegar with cloves, etc., to suit the taste. Then boil the syrup, carefully skinming it, for 20 minutes. While boiling hot, pour the syrup over the grapes and seal up. This will keep perfectly for years, as the honey is a preservative.
Honey Cold Cream. -- 1 cup of honey; \(
rac{3}{4}\) of a cup of bees wax; 1 cup of cottolene. Melt all, take off the fire, and stir till it is cool; rose or violet perfume may be added. It should be well protected from the air. The blending should be well done. This is fine for chopped or rough hands, which should be slightly wetted before applying.
Honey-cakes (_Pain d'epice or Lebkuchen_). -- The following recipe will be much appreciated by cake-makers. The cakes are excellent, and will keep indefinitely. If they get dry, simply put them for a few days into a bread-tin. Use 3 lbs. of honey, 3 lbs. of flour, 1 oz. powdered ammonia, a small teacupful of ground cinnamon, half-teaspoonful of ground cloves, 6 oz. orange peel (or citron) cut very fine; 4 oz. sweet almonds cut very small. (The ammonia evaporates in baking.) Directions. -- 7 pour the honey in a graniteware or copper saucepan, and set on the stove. When it boils, draw it aside and remove the scum (as honey boils and burns very quickly, great care must be used). Then pour the honey into the vessel in which the paste is to be made; leave it to cool; 250
## 1 Honey A Food And Medicine
then add flour and other ingredients, except the ammonia which latter must not be added till the flour and honey have been mixed up and the paste has become cold. In preparing for use, place the ammonia in a cup; pour on a few drops of cold water, and stir it well, so as to form a thick paste, then mix it up with the rest. Then take a piece of the paste, roll it out into a cake not over 1 inch thick, and cut up into convenient sizes. Put these on a flat tin and bake in a hot oven 12 to 15 minutes. The above is made by the monks of Buckfast Abbey, England.
Honey Vinegar.--The best vinegar produced anywhere is made from honey. Any one who understands how to make cider vinegar can easily make honey vinegar, only substituting water sweetened with honey for the apple juice.
Bar-le-Duc Preserves.--These preserves are believed to be the finest of their kind, and have hitherto been imported at extravagant prices. Other fruits besides currants may be treated in this way, as honey is of itself a preservative. These preserves do not require to be kept absolutely airtight.
Take selected red or white currants of large size, one by one; carefully make an incision in the skin 14 of an inch deep with tiny embroidery scissors. Through this slit remove the seeds with the aid of a sharp needle; remove the seeds separately, preserving the shape of the fruit. Take the weight of the currants in honey, and when this has been
Honey as a Sottener of the Hands. -- Rub together 1 lb. of honey and the yolks of 8 eggs; gradually add 1 lb. oil of sweet almond during constant stirring; work in 1 lb. bitter almonds, and perfume with 2 drams each of attar of bergamot and attar of cloves. Of course, the quantities may be reduced if necessary. Honey for Frexles. -- Half a pound of honey, 2 oz. glycerine, 2 oz. alcohol, 6 drams citric acid, 15 drops ambergris. Apply night and morning. Honety-chocolate -- Chocolate sweetened with honey rather than with sugar is excellent. This is how it is made: Melt 1 lb. of gelatine in a pint of water; add 10 lb. of honey, thoroughly warming the same, and then add 4 lbs. of cocoa. Flavor with vanilla when taken off the fire, and then pour into greased dishes or molds. Honey Brown Bread. -- One cup corn meal, 1 cup yee meal, 1 cup sour milk, 12 cup or less of honey, a teaspoonful of salt and a teaspoonful of soda. Steam four hours, and then dry in the oven fifteen minutes. It may be added that most of the molasses now sold is not fit to eat, and in any case honey is much better. It can be seen from the foregoing recipes that honey has a multitude of uses in the home, and its free use as a spread for bread is far preferable for children to much of the cheap candies that they buy.
## 6 How to keep bees for profit
We cannot close this chapter better than by giving the advice of the Scriptures, found in Proverbs xxiv: 13: "'Eat honey because it is good." Not only as a food has honey a great value, but in medicine it has a large place, especially in the treatment of colds and diseases of the lungs, and forms a valuable ingredient in many of the excellent cough remedies that are made and sold.
The following uses of honey as a medicine are given by permission of the A. I. Root Company:
Cougis, Colds, Whooping Cougi, etc. -- Fill a bell-metal kettle with horehound leaves and soft water, letting it boil until the liquor becomes strong -- then strain through a muslin cloth, adding as much honey as desired -- then cook it in the same kettle until the water evaporates, when the candy may be poured into shallow vessels and remain until needed, or pulled like molasses candy until white.
Dr. Kneipp's Honey-salve. -- This is recommended as an excellent dressing for sores and boils. Take equal parts of honey and flour, add a little water and stir it thoroughly. Don't make too thin.
Honey and Cream for Freckles. -- Have you tried a mixture of honey and cream -- half and half -- for freckles?
## Chapter 4 A Proof A and M Edicne
Well, it's a good thing. If on the hands, wear gloves on going to bed.
Honey Group Remedy. -- This is the best known to the medical profession, and is an infallible remedy in all cases of mucous and spasmodic creup: Raw linseed oil, 2 oz.; **t**inture of blood root, 2 drams; **t**inture of lobelia, 2 drams; **t**inture of aconite, 12 dram; **t**in honey, four oz. Mix. Dose, 12 to 1 teaspoonful every 15 to 20 minutes, according to the urgency of the case. It is also excellent in all throat and lung troubles originating from a cold. This is an excellent remedy in lung trouble: Make a strong decoction of horehound herb and sweeten with honey. Take a table-spoonful four or five times a day.
Honey for Dyspepsia. -- A young man who was troubled with dysppesia was advised to try honey and graham gems for breakfast. He did so, and commenced to gain, and now enjoys as good health as the average man; and he does not take medicine. Honey is the only food taken into the stomach that leaves no residue; it requires no action of the stomach whatever to digest it, as it is merely absorbed and taken up into the system by the action of the blood. Honey is the natural foe to dysppesia and indigestion, as well as a food for the human system.
Honey as a Laxative. -- In older time the good effects of honey as a remedial agent were well known, but of late little use is made thereof. A great mistake surely. Notably
## How to Keep B e e s for P r o f t
is honey valuable in constipation. Not as an immediate cure, like some medicines which momentarily give relief, only to leave the case worse than ever afterward, but by its persistent daily use, bringing about a healthy condition of the bowels, enabling them properly to perform their functions. Many suffer daily from an irritable condition, believing themselves nervous, not realizing that constipation is at the root of the matter, and that a faithful daily use of honey would restore cheerfulness of mind and health to the body.
Honey for Old People's Coughs.--Old people's coughs are as distinct as the coughs of children, and require remedies especially adapted to them. They are known by the constant tickling in the pit of the throat -- just where the Adam's apple projects -- and are caused by phlegm that accumulates there, which, owing to their weakened condition, they are unable to expectorate.
Take a fair-sized onion -- a good, strong one -- and let it simmer in a quart of honey for several hours, after which strain and take a teaspoonful frequently. It cases the cough wonderfully, though it may not cure.
Honey for Stomach Cough.--All mothers know that a stomach cough is caused by an irritation of that organ, frequently attended with indigestion. The child often vomits after coughing.
Dig down to the roots of a wild cherry tree, and peel off a handful of the bark, put it into a pint of water, and boil down to a teacupful. Put this tea into a quart of honey, and
## Honey A Food A And Medicine
give a teaspoonful every hour or two. It is pleasant, and it the child should also have worms, which often happens, they are pretty apt to be disposed of, as they have no love for the wild-cherry flavor.
Honey and Tar Cough Candy. Put a double handful of green horehound into two quarts of water, boil down to one quart; strain, and add to this tea two cupfuis of extracted honey and a tablespoonful each of lard and tar. Boil down to a candy, but not enough to make it brittle. Begin to eat this, increase from a piece the size of a pea to as much as can be relished. It is an excellent cough candy, and always gives relief in a short time.
Honey and Tar Cough Cure. Put one tablespoonful liquid tar into a shallow tin dish, and place it in boiling water until the tar is hot. To this add a pint of extracted honey, and stir well for half an hour, adding to it a level teaspoonful pulverized borax. Keep well corked in a bottle. Dose, one teaspoonful every one, two, or three hours, according to severity of cough.
## Chapter 13 Problem -- how to prevent robbing
The energy that bees will display in robbing each other, also the alacrity with which they will poounce upon any honey or other sweets if left within their reach, is not after all an unmixed evil, as it shows their industry; and a few preventive measures will result in keeping it within bounds and prevent any serious consequences.
This tendency to rob prevails in all races of bees, especially if no honey is coming in from the fields, and is more pronounced in some races than in others.
The Italian bees especially are given to robbing, but be it said to their credit that they are more easily discouraged from it when attempts are made to break it up.
The main danger when extensive robbing is under way, is that the robbers
## Robber Bees
after cleaning up any honey that may have been left carelessly about, will proceed to bounce upon one weak colony after another, and will often clean them out completely, -- to say nothing of the viciousness of their tempers when robbing.
When a single bee has succeeded in stealing a load of honey from some weak hive, it seems to have some means of communicating that fact to the other members of its colony, for when it rushes out for another load it is invariably accompanied by some of its comrades, until literally thousands of bees are engaged in robbing.
With the bees no question of ethics is involved in robbing, as they seem to regard as legitimate prey any and all honey that is in their reach, and they will keep on stealing until means are taken by their keepers to stop it.
When honey is coming in from the fields there is little danger of the bees robbing, and extracting can be carried on in the open fieldHow to keep bees for profit
without any precaution whatever; but as soon as the flow ceases the little rascals are ready to gobble anything at hand, urged thereto no doubt by the fact that they are in a state of enforced idleness and want to lay up as much honey for wintering as possible.
Until a case of robbing is well under way, it will often be difficult for the novice to detect it, as the little thieves will act in many ways similar to young bees taking a play spell flying before their hives; but when the thing is in full operation, it is easy to recognize it at once, as the hive being robbed will have a large number of bees busily flying before it like a new swarm coming out, and the terrific fight going on on its alighting-board with the dead bees that have been killed in the fighting -- often as many as a quart -- will tell its own tale even to the novice.
Another method of detecting robbing is to watch the actions of the bees coming out of the hive suspected of being robbed; as the robber comes out it does not act in the 260
leisurely manner of a bee getting ready to fly to the fields, but rushes out in a great hurry, and the distention of its abdomen will indicate that it is heavily loaded, whereas in the case of a bee coming out for its flight to the field, the abdomen is empty and slim in appearance.
It is a good plan as soon as the flow of honey is over, and the weather not too warm, to contract the entrances of all hives; this is not so necessary in the case of strong colonies, but where they are weak it is absolutely essential and should not be neglected. Be careful about opening hives out of season, and keep their lids off only so long as is necessary; above all, do not leave any honey or feed syrup about, for this will be only an invitation to robbing.
Where queen-rearing is carried on, there is great danger of robbing, as the little mating nuclei are not strong enough to repel the invaders unless the entrances are small, and what is true of nuclei is also true of all weak colonies.
HOW TO KEEP BEES FOR PROFIT
Frequent cases of robbing are started in the most innocent way imaginable by people's making preserves in the neighborhood without proper screens for the windows of the room in which the preserving is done; I know of one occasion when the bees drove a woman from the room and swarmed upon the sugar and syrup until it was all cleaned up, and it was not until night that the woman could get back. On the following morning thousands of the little thieves were on hand to complete the work and were only prevented from continued robbing because every window had been screened with mosquito netting during the night. As it was, many bees lingered about the windows all day, wondering why their rich repast had been interfered with.
I knew of another case where a good housewife was candying some peaches; the candied peaches were placed on a large tray on a shed to harden in the sun, and in a few hours some bees from a neighboring apiary had discovered them. Before night they had licked all the sugar from the peaches, leaving them as clean as they were before being coated with sugar syrup. The bees could hardly be blamed; if anywhere, the blame rested upon the housewife for not protecting the fruit with a screen, for common sense would have told her that there must be some bees in the vicinity that would take advantage of their opportunity.
If the robbing is confined to one or two colonies, it will be a good thing to carry the colonies being robbed into the cellar in the dark, leaving them there until the following afternoon, when they can be set out again, and, with their entrances contracted, the damage can be stopped.
If the robbing is general in the apiary, or even if a single colony is being robbed, it can often be stopped by throwing an armful of brush at the entrance of the hive being robbed, for the robbers are a bit wary about working their way through the tangled mass, as they always want a rapid way of retreat. In this way the colony being robbed will be able to
get over their demoralization, and can marshal and organize their scattered forces for a good resistance; and if toward evening the entrance to the hive is contracted it will have spent its course as far as that hive individually is concerned. Sprinkling the brush with cold water has a good effect upon the robbers, and they will often give up at once rather than run the risk of getting wet and being placed _hors de combat._ Frequently I have broken up a case of robbing by squirting kerosene oil on the front and on the alighting-board of the hive being robbed, and this has proved effective, because the robbers at once become suspicious of the strange odor. It must be remembered that a bee that is robbing is on the lookout continually for some trap to catch him in his piratical career, and their actions indicate the fear of being killed.
Sometimes a colony will be so completely cleaned out of its stores that it will be a wise thing to let the robbers finish their work at that hive rather than give their attention toothers. At nightfall the cleaned-out hive can be examined, and if the queen is uninjured, and a fair amount of bees present, its entrance can be contracted so that only a bee or two can pass out at a time, and in a couple of days it can be built up with bees and sealed brood from strong colonies and no serious damage will have resulted.
A plain pane of glass laid in a slanting position in front of a hive that is being robbed will so confuse the robbers that they will give up in despair, but the kerosene, squirted on the front of the hive or on some brush or dried grass thrown in front of the hive entrance, is the best thing of which I know, and again and again I have nipped in the bud what promised to develop into a first-class case of embezzlement. Trupentine, or a weak solution of carbonic acid water, will work equally as well, and, when the robbed colony have a chance to rest over night, and recover from their panic, it is astonishing what a fight they will be prepared to put up the following day.
How to keep beess for profit
When bees are in full swing of robbing they are liable not only to bounce upon a weak hive, but in all likelihood will sting everything and everybody in sight, including stock, and for this, if for no other reason, it is important to prevent robbing entirely, and if it is under way to break it up at once. If we were sure that the robbers were entirely our own bees, it might not be a great loss in honey, as the honey that was robbed will be transferred to other hives in the yard, but in all probability the robbers are from any and all hives within a radius of three miles, and no one cares to enrich the yards of a neighbor at one's own expense.
It is sometimes the course of wisdom to fight fire with fire, and to divert the robbers from the hive that is being robbed by exposing some combs of honey a little distance from the apiary, and the robbers will leave the hive they are robbing and devote their time to the exposed combs, as there are no bees to fight them. While they are robbing these combs, the hives in the yard can be attendedto, and at night the combs can be carried into the house. In the morning it is amusing to see the clouds of bees hovering over the spot where the combs were given them the day before and wondering what on earth has become of their "Klondike."
If it were possible to do all our work among the bees during a honey flow, we should have no trouble from robbing, but unfortunately we have to do much work at other times, especially if we are rearing queens; but this difficulty can be overcome by using a small tent, made for the purpose of laths and mosquito netting, which can be set over the hive to be worked, and, as it is large enough to permit the operator to do his work, all operations can be carried on in safety. These tents are inexpensive and exceedingly light, and are a positive necessity in a well-regulated apiary of even moderate size, and the excellent results they accomplish, added to the peace of mind of the beekeeper, more than warrant the expenditure for them.
It must not be supposed from the foregoing that robbing is a terrible bugear and a fatal thing to bee-keeping, for I can safely say that by the exercise of a little caution and the adoption of the preventive measures referred to I have not for ten years had a serious case of robbing in any of my yards, and a pound of prevention is worth a load of cure. Be careful when working out of the honey flow, and, when feeding the bees, not to let any of the honey or feed lie about, and in all probability you will never have a case of robbing that will amount to anything.
## Chapter XIX Feeding
When we speak of feeding bees we would not be understood as advocating the feeding of bees with sugar syrup in order to have it stored in the combs and sold as honey, as such a practice is dishonest, and certain to bring the honey-producer into conflict with the pure food laws; but rather that feeding which from time to time is necessary, such as feeding the bees to supply them with sufficient stores to carry them over the winter, or to stimulate brood-rearing in the early spring, or when given to a hive to encourage them to rear queens outside of the season of the natural honey flow; and under these conditions feeding is both legitimate and important.