**Pupa.**: The third stage in the transformation of an insect. The period during which the young bee is sealed up within the cell and receives no food.
**Quahking.**: The sound made by a young queen before she emerges from the cell. See Piping.
**Queen.**: The mother-bee. A sexually developed female honeybee.
**Queen-cage.**: A small cage for the purpose of confining queen bees.
**Queen-cell.**: The cell in which the young queen is reared. It is larger than other cells and of a different shape, resembling a peanut.
**Queen Clipping.**: The wings of the queen are often clipped to prevent her escaping with a swarm.
**Queen-excluder.**: See Excluder.
**Queen Failing.**: A queen which is no longer capable of laying the usual number of eggs. An old queen.
**Queen Introduction.**: The introduction of a queen bee to a strange colony. A strange queen will seldom be accepted. See Balling Queens.
**Queenless.**: A condition where no queen is present in a hive.
**Queen-trap.**: A trap for the purpose of preventing the escape of a queen with a swarm. See Drone-trap.
**Queenright.**: The normal condition of a colony with a laying queen present.
**Quinby Hive.**: The original large hive with deep frame, \(18
rac{1}{2}\,\mathrm{x}\,11
rac{\mathrm{\mathstrut\char 37}}{4}\). inches in size.
**Requeening.**: The replacing of one queen with another. Beekeepers make a practice of requeening at intervals to insure good stock.
**Ripe Cell.**: A queen-cell containing a young queen ready to emerge.
**Ripe Honey.**: Honey that has been left in the care of the bees until the moisture is evaporated and it is of a sufficient density to keep indefinitely without spoiling.
**Robbing.**: The taking of the honey from one colony of bees by bees from other hives.
**Royal Jelly.**: A thick, white paste fed by the bees to the young. It is given in special abundance to young queens.
**Sachrood.**: A mild disease attacking the larvae. It somewhat resembles four-brood, but is not as malignant. It often disappears of itself without special treatment. Pickled brood.
**Sections.**: Small containers made of wood of the right size to hold one pound of comb honey when completely filled.
**Sealed Brood.**: Brood which has been sealed over. Young bees in the pupal stage of transformation.
**Separator.**: A thin sheet of wood or other material usedin the super to separate the rows of sections. It is designed to insure even filling of the section boxes.
**Septum.**: The layer of wax between the two rows of cells composing a honeycomb. The middle of the comb.
**Shake Swarming.**: The artificial making of a swarm by shaking the bees into a new hive and leaving them to begin anew, as a natural swarm must do.
**Self Spacing Frames.**: The Hoffman frame which has the end bars wider, thus insuring that they will not be crowded too close together in the hive.
**Skeppist.**: A beekeeper who keeps bees in skeps.
**Slumpum.**: The refuse that remains after the wax has been rendered from combs.
**Smoker.**: An implement for controlling bees by means of burning some combustible material in a metal holder. The smoke is driven out by means of a bellows.
**Spring Downling.**: The gradual weakening of a colony of bees until it is useless or dies in early spring. The cause is usually improper food or neglect during the winter months.
**Starter.**: A narrow strip of foundation used in frames to insure that the bees will start the combs lengthwise of the frame, instead of building them naturally, in uneven or wavy lines.
**Stimulative Feeding.**: The feeding of small amounts of thin syrup in imitation of a light honeyflow. Liberal feeding and done with it is considered better beekeeping except when it is necessary to create abnormal conditions in queen rearing.
**Sting.**: The barbed appendage of the honeybee.
**Straw Mat.**: A mat made of straw used over the frames in the Dadant hive.
**Super.**: The part of the hive where surplus honey is stored.
**Supersedure.**: When the bees replace their queen with a young one without attention on the part of the beekeeper, it is called supersedure.
**Surplus Honey.**: Honey remaining to be removed over and above an amount sufficient for the bees.
**Swarm.**: The natural division of the colony, whereby the old queen and most of the field bees leave the hive to found a new colony, leaving the young bees and a young queen or a queen-cell. The normal method of increase of the bee colony.
**Swarm-box.**: A box covered with screen in which to confine shaken bees when making artificial divisions or stocking nuclei.