B1tta/Drug-ACE huggingface dataset:
[Title]: Healing and relapse rates in gastroesophageal reflux disease treated with the newer proton-pump inhibitors lansoprazole, rabeprazole, and pantoprazole compared with omeprazole, ranitidine, and placebo: evidence from randomized clinical trials.
[Abstract]: BACKGROUND: The older proton pump inhibitor (PPI) omeprazole and the newer PPIs lansoprazole, rabeprazole, and pantoprazole are approved for the acute and maintenance treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). OBJECTIVE: On the basis of the results of randomized clinical trials, this study sought to estimate healing and relapse rates in acute and maintenance treatment of GERD with the newer PPIs compared with omeprazole, the histamine2-receptor antagonist ranitidine (the most frequent non-PPI comparator in studies of PPIs), and placebo. METHODS: A search of MEDLINE was conducted to identify randomized, controlled clinical trials that included a PPI in &gt; or =1 treatment arm and assessed the healing of erosive esophagitis endoscopically. The primary outcome for studies of acute therapy was healing rate, and the primary outcome for studies of maintenance therapy was relapse rate. RESULTS: Fifty-three studies were identified, of which 38 involved acute therapy (12 excluded) and 15 maintenance therapy. None of the studies of pantoprazole met the inclusion criteria for maintenance therapy. The 8-week overall healing rate ratios in the comparison of newer PPIs with omeprazole 20 mg/d were as follows: lansoprazole 30 mg/d, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.98-1.06): rabeprazole 20 mg/d, 0.93 (95% CI, 0.87-1.00); and pantoprazole 40 mg/d, 0.98 (95% CI, 0.90-1.07). In the comparison of any PPI with ranitidine 300 mg/d, the ratios were as follows: lansoprazole, 1.62 (95% CI, 1.46-1.76); rabeprazole, 1.36 (95% CI, 1.20-1.54); pantoprazole, 1.60 (95% CI, 1.33-1.96); and omeprazole, 1.58 (95% CI, 1.41-1.78). Relapse rates over 1 year of treatment were similar between lansoprazole and rabeprazole. Compared with ranitidine, there were statistically significant differences in the rates of resolution of heartburn symptoms (P &lt; 0.002), ulcer healing (P &lt; 0.05), and relapse (P &lt; 0.01). Similar results were seen in the comparison of PPIs with placebo in terms of rates of resolution of heartburn symptoms (P &lt; 0.01), ulcer healing (P &lt; 0.001), and relapse (P &lt; 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the newer PPIs were of similar efficacy to omeprazole in terms of heartburn control, healing rates, and relapse rates. All the PPIs were superior to ranitidine and placebo in healing erosive esophagitis and decreasing relapse rates.
[Drug-Disease]: omeprazole - esophagitis
[Title]: Healing and relapse rates in gastroesophageal reflux disease treated with the newer proton-pump inhibitors lansoprazole, rabeprazole, and pantoprazole compared with omeprazole, ranitidine, and placebo: evidence from randomized clinical trials.
[Abstract]: BACKGROUND: The older proton pump inhibitor (PPI) omeprazole and the newer PPIs lansoprazole, rabeprazole, and pantoprazole are approved for the acute and maintenance treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). OBJECTIVE: On the basis of the results of randomized clinical trials, this study sought to estimate healing and relapse rates in acute and maintenance treatment of GERD with the newer PPIs compared with omeprazole, the histamine2-receptor antagonist ranitidine (the most frequent non-PPI comparator in studies of PPIs), and placebo. METHODS: A search of MEDLINE was conducted to identify randomized, controlled clinical trials that included a PPI in &gt; or =1 treatment arm and assessed the healing of erosive esophagitis endoscopically. The primary outcome for studies of acute therapy was healing rate, and the primary outcome for studies of maintenance therapy was relapse rate. RESULTS: Fifty-three studies were identified, of which 38 involved acute therapy (12 excluded) and 15 maintenance therapy. None of the studies of pantoprazole met the inclusion criteria for maintenance therapy. The 8-week overall healing rate ratios in the comparison of newer PPIs with omeprazole 20 mg/d were as follows: lansoprazole 30 mg/d, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.98-1.06): rabeprazole 20 mg/d, 0.93 (95% CI, 0.87-1.00); and pantoprazole 40 mg/d, 0.98 (95% CI, 0.90-1.07). In the comparison of any PPI with ranitidine 300 mg/d, the ratios were as follows: lansoprazole, 1.62 (95% CI, 1.46-1.76); rabeprazole, 1.36 (95% CI, 1.20-1.54); pantoprazole, 1.60 (95% CI, 1.33-1.96); and omeprazole, 1.58 (95% CI, 1.41-1.78). Relapse rates over 1 year of treatment were similar between lansoprazole and rabeprazole. Compared with ranitidine, there were statistically significant differences in the rates of resolution of heartburn symptoms (P &lt; 0.002), ulcer healing (P &lt; 0.05), and relapse (P &lt; 0.01). Similar results were seen in the comparison of PPIs with placebo in terms of rates of resolution of heartburn symptoms (P &lt; 0.01), ulcer healing (P &lt; 0.001), and relapse (P &lt; 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the newer PPIs were of similar efficacy to omeprazole in terms of heartburn control, healing rates, and relapse rates. All the PPIs were superior to ranitidine and placebo in healing erosive esophagitis and decreasing relapse rates.
[Drug-Disease]: lansoprazole - esophagitis
[Title]: Healing and relapse rates in gastroesophageal reflux disease treated with the newer proton-pump inhibitors lansoprazole, rabeprazole, and pantoprazole compared with omeprazole, ranitidine, and placebo: evidence from randomized clinical trials.
[Abstract]: BACKGROUND: The older proton pump inhibitor (PPI) omeprazole and the newer PPIs lansoprazole, rabeprazole, and pantoprazole are approved for the acute and maintenance treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). OBJECTIVE: On the basis of the results of randomized clinical trials, this study sought to estimate healing and relapse rates in acute and maintenance treatment of GERD with the newer PPIs compared with omeprazole, the histamine2-receptor antagonist ranitidine (the most frequent non-PPI comparator in studies of PPIs), and placebo. METHODS: A search of MEDLINE was conducted to identify randomized, controlled clinical trials that included a PPI in &gt; or =1 treatment arm and assessed the healing of erosive esophagitis endoscopically. The primary outcome for studies of acute therapy was healing rate, and the primary outcome for studies of maintenance therapy was relapse rate. RESULTS: Fifty-three studies were identified, of which 38 involved acute therapy (12 excluded) and 15 maintenance therapy. None of the studies of pantoprazole met the inclusion criteria for maintenance therapy. The 8-week overall healing rate ratios in the comparison of newer PPIs with omeprazole 20 mg/d were as follows: lansoprazole 30 mg/d, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.98-1.06): rabeprazole 20 mg/d, 0.93 (95% CI, 0.87-1.00); and pantoprazole 40 mg/d, 0.98 (95% CI, 0.90-1.07). In the comparison of any PPI with ranitidine 300 mg/d, the ratios were as follows: lansoprazole, 1.62 (95% CI, 1.46-1.76); rabeprazole, 1.36 (95% CI, 1.20-1.54); pantoprazole, 1.60 (95% CI, 1.33-1.96); and omeprazole, 1.58 (95% CI, 1.41-1.78). Relapse rates over 1 year of treatment were similar between lansoprazole and rabeprazole. Compared with ranitidine, there were statistically significant differences in the rates of resolution of heartburn symptoms (P &lt; 0.002), ulcer healing (P &lt; 0.05), and relapse (P &lt; 0.01). Similar results were seen in the comparison of PPIs with placebo in terms of rates of resolution of heartburn symptoms (P &lt; 0.01), ulcer healing (P &lt; 0.001), and relapse (P &lt; 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the newer PPIs were of similar efficacy to omeprazole in terms of heartburn control, healing rates, and relapse rates. All the PPIs were superior to ranitidine and placebo in healing erosive esophagitis and decreasing relapse rates.
[Drug-Disease]: rabeprazole - esophagitis
[Title]: The clinical value of [90Y-DOTA]-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide (90Y-DOTATOC) in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours: a clinical phase II study.
[Abstract]: PURPOSE: The aim of this phase II study was to evaluate the tumour response of neuroendocrine tumours to targeted irradiation with the radiolabelled somatostatin analogue 90Y-DOTATOC. In addition, the palliative effect of 90Y-DOTATOC treatment on the malignant carcinoid syndrome and tumour-associated pain was investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients (mean age 53 years) with neuroendocrine gastroenteropancreatic and bronchial tumours were included. Eighty-two percent of the patients had therapy resistant and progressive disease. The treatment consisted of four intravenous injections of a total of 6000 MBq/m2 90Y-DOTATOC, administered at intervals of six weeks. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 24%. For endocrine pancreatic tumours it was 36%. Complete remissions (CR) were found in 2% (1 of 41), partial remissions (PR) in 22% (9 of 41), minor response in 12% (5 of 41), stable disease (SD) in 49% (20 of 41) and progressive disease (PD) in 15% (6 of 41). The median follow up was 15 months (range 1 month to 36 months). The median duration of response has not been reached at 26 months. The two-year survival time was 76 +/- 16%. Eighty-three percent of the patients suffering from the malignant carcinoid syndrome achieved a significant reduction of symptoms. The treatment was well tolerated. A reduction of pain score was observed in all patients (5 of 41) with morphine dependent tumour-associated pain. Side effects included grade III (NCIGC) pancytopenia in 5%, and vomiting shortly after injection in 23%. No grade III-IV renal toxicity was observed. CONCLUSION: Targeted radiotherapy with 90Y-DOTATOC is a novel, well-tolerated treatment for neuroendocrine tumours with a remarkable objective response rate, survival time, and symptomatic response.
[Drug-Disease]: 90Y-DOTATOC - malignant carcinoid syndrome
[Title]: The clinical value of [90Y-DOTA]-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide (90Y-DOTATOC) in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours: a clinical phase II study.
[Abstract]: PURPOSE: The aim of this phase II study was to evaluate the tumour response of neuroendocrine tumours to targeted irradiation with the radiolabelled somatostatin analogue 90Y-DOTATOC. In addition, the palliative effect of 90Y-DOTATOC treatment on the malignant carcinoid syndrome and tumour-associated pain was investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients (mean age 53 years) with neuroendocrine gastroenteropancreatic and bronchial tumours were included. Eighty-two percent of the patients had therapy resistant and progressive disease. The treatment consisted of four intravenous injections of a total of 6000 MBq/m2 90Y-DOTATOC, administered at intervals of six weeks. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 24%. For endocrine pancreatic tumours it was 36%. Complete remissions (CR) were found in 2% (1 of 41), partial remissions (PR) in 22% (9 of 41), minor response in 12% (5 of 41), stable disease (SD) in 49% (20 of 41) and progressive disease (PD) in 15% (6 of 41). The median follow up was 15 months (range 1 month to 36 months). The median duration of response has not been reached at 26 months. The two-year survival time was 76 +/- 16%. Eighty-three percent of the patients suffering from the malignant carcinoid syndrome achieved a significant reduction of symptoms. The treatment was well tolerated. A reduction of pain score was observed in all patients (5 of 41) with morphine dependent tumour-associated pain. Side effects included grade III (NCIGC) pancytopenia in 5%, and vomiting shortly after injection in 23%. No grade III-IV renal toxicity was observed. CONCLUSION: Targeted radiotherapy with 90Y-DOTATOC is a novel, well-tolerated treatment for neuroendocrine tumours with a remarkable objective response rate, survival time, and symptomatic response.
[Drug-Disease]: 90Y-DOTATOC - neuroendocrine tumours
[Title]: The clinical value of [90Y-DOTA]-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide (90Y-DOTATOC) in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours: a clinical phase II study.
[Abstract]: PURPOSE: The aim of this phase II study was to evaluate the tumour response of neuroendocrine tumours to targeted irradiation with the radiolabelled somatostatin analogue 90Y-DOTATOC. In addition, the palliative effect of 90Y-DOTATOC treatment on the malignant carcinoid syndrome and tumour-associated pain was investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients (mean age 53 years) with neuroendocrine gastroenteropancreatic and bronchial tumours were included. Eighty-two percent of the patients had therapy resistant and progressive disease. The treatment consisted of four intravenous injections of a total of 6000 MBq/m2 90Y-DOTATOC, administered at intervals of six weeks. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 24%. For endocrine pancreatic tumours it was 36%. Complete remissions (CR) were found in 2% (1 of 41), partial remissions (PR) in 22% (9 of 41), minor response in 12% (5 of 41), stable disease (SD) in 49% (20 of 41) and progressive disease (PD) in 15% (6 of 41). The median follow up was 15 months (range 1 month to 36 months). The median duration of response has not been reached at 26 months. The two-year survival time was 76 +/- 16%. Eighty-three percent of the patients suffering from the malignant carcinoid syndrome achieved a significant reduction of symptoms. The treatment was well tolerated. A reduction of pain score was observed in all patients (5 of 41) with morphine dependent tumour-associated pain. Side effects included grade III (NCIGC) pancytopenia in 5%, and vomiting shortly after injection in 23%. No grade III-IV renal toxicity was observed. CONCLUSION: Targeted radiotherapy with 90Y-DOTATOC is a novel, well-tolerated treatment for neuroendocrine tumours with a remarkable objective response rate, survival time, and symptomatic response.
[Drug-Disease]: morphine - pain
[Title]: Effect of carvedilol on survival and hemodynamics in patients with atrial fibrillation and left ventricular dysfunction: retrospective analysis of the US Carvedilol Heart Failure Trials Program.
[Abstract]: BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is present in a significant number of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) caused by left ventricular dysfunction and is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality rates. Thus it is necessary to establish therapy to improve the outcome in this high-risk population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the US Carvedilol Heart Failure Trials Program and identified patients with AF at the time of enrollment. In these trials, 1094 patients with at least 3 months of heart failure symptoms and an ejection fraction &lt; or = 0.35 were randomly assigned to receive carvedilol or placebo in a double-blind, stratified program according to performance on an exercise test. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-six patients with concomitant AF and CHF were identified during the screening visit (84 assigned to carvedilol and 52 to placebo). Therapy with carvedilol resulted in a significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (from 23% to 33% with carvedilol and from 24% to 27% with placebo, P =.001). The physician global assessment improved in a greater number of patients treated with carvedilol than in those treated with placebo (71% vs 48%, P =.025). A trend toward a reduction in the combined end point of death or CHF hospitalization was also observed (19% in patients treated with placebo and 7% in patients on carvedilol; relative risk, 0.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.12, 1.02; P =.055). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with AF complicating CHF, carvedilol significantly improves left ventricular ejection fraction and physician global assessment and probably reduces the combined end point of CHF hospitalizations or death.
[Drug-Disease]: carvedilol - AF
[Title]: Effect of carvedilol on survival and hemodynamics in patients with atrial fibrillation and left ventricular dysfunction: retrospective analysis of the US Carvedilol Heart Failure Trials Program.
[Abstract]: BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is present in a significant number of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) caused by left ventricular dysfunction and is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality rates. Thus it is necessary to establish therapy to improve the outcome in this high-risk population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the US Carvedilol Heart Failure Trials Program and identified patients with AF at the time of enrollment. In these trials, 1094 patients with at least 3 months of heart failure symptoms and an ejection fraction &lt; or = 0.35 were randomly assigned to receive carvedilol or placebo in a double-blind, stratified program according to performance on an exercise test. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-six patients with concomitant AF and CHF were identified during the screening visit (84 assigned to carvedilol and 52 to placebo). Therapy with carvedilol resulted in a significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (from 23% to 33% with carvedilol and from 24% to 27% with placebo, P =.001). The physician global assessment improved in a greater number of patients treated with carvedilol than in those treated with placebo (71% vs 48%, P =.025). A trend toward a reduction in the combined end point of death or CHF hospitalization was also observed (19% in patients treated with placebo and 7% in patients on carvedilol; relative risk, 0.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.12, 1.02; P =.055). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with AF complicating CHF, carvedilol significantly improves left ventricular ejection fraction and physician global assessment and probably reduces the combined end point of CHF hospitalizations or death.
[Drug-Disease]: carvedilol - CHF
[Title]: Effects of pranlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist, combined with inhaled beclomethasone in patients with moderate or severe asthma.
[Abstract]: BACKGROUND: Although inhaled steroids are used as the first line of therapy in asthmatic patients, symptoms of asthma do not improve completely in some patients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of pranlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist, in patients with moderate/severe asthma, when combined with beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP). METHODS: Protocol 1: After a 2-week observation period, 41 patients with moderate asthma were divided into those receiving BDP at 1,600 microg/day or 800 microg/day + pranlukast (450 mg/day). The effect of treatment was evaluated by measuring AM peak expiratory flow rate, symptom score, frequency of beta2-agonists, and daily variability of peak expiratory flow rate. Protocol 2: 39 patients participated in this study including those with moderate asthma on 800 microg/day BDP (group I), severe asthma on BDP at 1,600 microg/day (group II), and severe asthma on 1,600 microg/day BDP + 5 to 20 mg prednisolone (group III). Patients of all groups were additionally treated with pranlukast. RESULTS: Protocol 1: Both treatment regimens resulted in improvement in each clinical parameter. There were no significant differences in the effects of two treatment regimens. Protocol 2: Pranlukast was effective in group I and II, but not in group III. In groups I and II, pranlukast tended to be more effective when BDP was introduced within the first year of onset of asthma. CONCLUSIONS: Pranlukast is effective for patients with moderate asthma and those patients with severe asthma who are not treated with oral steroids. Pranlukast is more effective in patients treated with BDP early after onset.
[Drug-Disease]: Pranlukast - asthma
[Title]: Effects of pranlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist, combined with inhaled beclomethasone in patients with moderate or severe asthma.
[Abstract]: BACKGROUND: Although inhaled steroids are used as the first line of therapy in asthmatic patients, symptoms of asthma do not improve completely in some patients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of pranlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist, in patients with moderate/severe asthma, when combined with beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP). METHODS: Protocol 1: After a 2-week observation period, 41 patients with moderate asthma were divided into those receiving BDP at 1,600 microg/day or 800 microg/day + pranlukast (450 mg/day). The effect of treatment was evaluated by measuring AM peak expiratory flow rate, symptom score, frequency of beta2-agonists, and daily variability of peak expiratory flow rate. Protocol 2: 39 patients participated in this study including those with moderate asthma on 800 microg/day BDP (group I), severe asthma on BDP at 1,600 microg/day (group II), and severe asthma on 1,600 microg/day BDP + 5 to 20 mg prednisolone (group III). Patients of all groups were additionally treated with pranlukast. RESULTS: Protocol 1: Both treatment regimens resulted in improvement in each clinical parameter. There were no significant differences in the effects of two treatment regimens. Protocol 2: Pranlukast was effective in group I and II, but not in group III. In groups I and II, pranlukast tended to be more effective when BDP was introduced within the first year of onset of asthma. CONCLUSIONS: Pranlukast is effective for patients with moderate asthma and those patients with severe asthma who are not treated with oral steroids. Pranlukast is more effective in patients treated with BDP early after onset.
[Drug-Disease]: BDP - asthma
[Title]: Mycophenolate mofetil in the therapy of severe myasthenia gravis.
[Abstract]: Mycophenolate mofetil is a novel immunosuppressive drug already established in transplantation medicine. Recently, results of three open clinical trials on mycophenolate mofetil in myasthenia gravis have been reported. Mycophenolate mofetil in a dose of 1.0-2.0 g/day was given in 2 patients with severe refractory myasthenia gravis and in 1 patient with myasthenia gravis-polymyositis syndrome. Apart from dose-dependent reversible hemolytic anemia in 1 patient, no severe side effects occurred. Considerable improvement of myasthenic symptoms was seen in all patients within 3-6 months after the initiation of this therapy. Mycophenolate mofetil may be considered as a useful alternative in the treatment of severe myasthenia gravis when standard therapeutic regimens fail. It is usually well tolerated and its application is simple.
[Drug-Disease]: Mycophenolate mofetil - myasthenia gravis
[Title]: A phase I study of raltitrexed (Tomudex) combined with carmofur in metastatic colorectal cancer.
[Abstract]: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the combination of raltitrexed plus carmofur, and to evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of this combination in metastatic colorectal cancer. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients (23 receiving first-line therapy, 5 receiving second-line therapy) entered the study; 16 were chemonaive. Raltitrexed (Tomudex) 1.5-3.0 mg/m(2) was given as a 15- to 30-min intravenous infusion on day 1 of a 21-day cycle followed by carmofur 300-400 mg/m(2) orally 3 times daily on days 2-14. Therapy was given until disease progression or dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) occurred. RESULTS: A total of 170 cycles of therapy were administered. The MTD was reached at the raltitrexed dose of 3.0 mg/m(2) and the carmofur dose of 400 mg/m(2). DLTs included grade 3-4 diarrhea, fatigue, anorexia, mucositis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, neurological symptoms and febrile neutropenia. Eleven of the 22 evaluable first-line patients achieved a partial response (response rate 50%, 95% confidence interval 29-71%), 8 had stable disease and 3 had disease progression. One of the 5 patients who received second-line therapy responded. CONCLUSIONS: The recommended dose of this combination therapy for further evaluation is raltitrexed 3.0 mg/m(2) plus carmofur 300 mg/m(2). This combination has unique but manageable toxicity and promising efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer.
[Drug-Disease]: carmofur - colorectal cancer