Azzindani/Open_Reaction_Data huggingface dataset:
Reaction SMILES: [CH3:1][C:2]#[N:3].[Li]CCCC.[S:9]1[CH2:14][CH2:13][CH:12]([C:15](OC)=[O:16])[CH2:11][CH2:10]1>C1COCC1>[O:16]=[C:15]([CH:12]1[CH2:13][CH2:14][S:9][CH2:10][CH2:11]1)[CH2:1][C:2]#[N:3]
Reactant: CC#N
Reactant: COC(=O)C1CCSCC1
Agent: [Li]CCCC
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Product: N#CCC(=O)C1CCSCC1
Temperature: -78 °C
Reaction time: 1 h
Yield: 87.5 %

Procedure:
A solution of CH3CN (48.7 mmol, 2.54 mL) in 10 mL of THF was added dropwise to a solution of nBuLi (48.7 mmol) in 15 mL of THF at −78° C. After stirring for 1 h at −78° C., a solution of methyl tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-carboxylate (24.3 mmol, 3.90 g) in 10 mL of THF was added dropwise and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1 h, then slowly warmed to −40° C. in 2 h. The reaction was quench with 1 N HCl (pH<1). THF was removed and the residue was extracted with EtOAC, washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated. The crude product was purified by a SiO2 column (0-50% EtOAc/Hexanes, Rf=0.45 in 50% EtOAc) to afford compound 3-oxo-3-(tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)propanenitrile (3.60 g, 87.5%) as a light brownish oil. HPLC-MS TR=1.15 min (UV 254 nm, 5 min method); mass calculated for formula C8H11NOS 169.1 observed LCMS m/z 170.1 (M+H).
Reaction SMILES: [Br:1][C:2]1[CH:3]=[C:4]2[C:8](=[CH:9][CH:10]=1)[NH:7][C:6](=[O:11])[CH2:5]2.[CH2:12]([N:14]([CH2:29][CH3:30])[CH2:15][CH2:16][NH:17][C:18]([C:20]1[C:24]([CH3:25])=[C:23]([CH:26]=O)[NH:22][C:21]=1[CH3:28])=[O:19])[CH3:13].N1CCCCC1>CCO>[Br:1][C:2]1[CH:3]=[C:4]2[C:8](=[CH:9][CH:10]=1)[NH:7][C:6](=[O:11])/[C:5]/2=[CH:26]\[C:23]1[NH:22][C:21]([CH3:28])=[C:20]([C:18]([NH:17][CH2:16][CH2:15][N:14]([CH2:29][CH3:30])[CH2:12][CH3:13])=[O:19])[C:24]=1[CH3:25]
Reactant: O=C1Cc2cc(Br)ccc2N1
Reactant: CCN(CC)CCNC(=O)c1c(C)[nH]c(C=O)c1C
Solvent: CCO
Solvent: C1CCNCC1
Product: CCN(CC)CCNC(=O)c1c(C)[nH]c(/C=C2\C(=O)Nc3ccc(Br)cc32)c1C
Temperature: 80 °C
Reaction time: 1 h
Yield: 71.5 %

Procedure:
To the solution of 5-bromoindolin-2-one (262 mg, 1.24 mmol) in EtOH (5 ml) was added N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-formyl-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide (298 mg, 1.12 mmol) and piperidine (112 μL, 1.13 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 1 hour. After cooled down to room temperature, the reaction mixture was concentrated, filtrated, and washed with EtOH to give (Z)-5-((5-bromo-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)methyl)-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide (368 mg) as orange solid.
Reaction SMILES: Br[C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([F:8])=[C:4]([CH3:9])[N:3]=1.[CH2:10]([O:12][C:13]([Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC)=[CH2:14])[CH3:11]>O1CCOCC1.C1C=CC(P(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1.C1C=CC(P(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1.Cl[Pd]Cl>[CH2:13]([O:12][C:10]([C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([F:8])=[C:4]([CH3:9])[N:3]=1)=[CH2:11])[CH3:14]
Reactant: C=C(OCC)[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC
Reactant: Cc1nc(Br)ccc1F
Agent: Cl[Pd]Cl
Agent: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1
Solvent: C1COCCO1
Product: C=C(OCC)c1ccc(F)c(C)n1
Temperature: 100 °C

Procedure:
A mixture of 2-bromo-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridine (25 g, 132 mmol), 1-ethoxyvinyltri-n-butyltin (48.9 ml, 145 mmol) and bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (II) chloride (4.62 g, 6.58 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (250 ml) was heated to 100° C. under nitrogen over night. The reaction was then cooled to room temperature and the solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluted with a gradient of ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give the product 2-(1-ethoxy-ethenyl)-5-fluoro-6-methyl-pyridine, together with an unidentified impurity. This product was used in the next step. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.51 (dd, 1H), 7.28 (t, 1H), 5.33 (d, 1H), 4.31 (d, 1H), 3.96 (q, 2H), 2.53 (d, 3H), 1.43 (t, 3H).
Reaction SMILES: Br[CH:2]1[CH:7]([CH2:8][CH3:9])[CH2:6][O:5][CH:4]([C:10]2[CH:15]=[CH:14][C:13]([B:16]3[O:20][C:19]([CH3:22])([CH3:21])[C:18]([CH3:24])([CH3:23])[O:17]3)=[C:12]([F:25])[CH:11]=2)[CH2:3]1.[H][H].C(N(CC)CC)C>C1(C)C=CC=CC=1.O.[Pd]>[CH2:8]([CH:7]1[CH2:6][O:5][CH:4]([C:10]2[CH:15]=[CH:14][C:13]([B:16]3[O:17][C:18]([CH3:24])([CH3:23])[C:19]([CH3:22])([CH3:21])[O:20]3)=[C:12]([F:25])[CH:11]=2)[CH2:3][CH2:2]1)[CH3:9]
Reactant: CCC1COC(c2ccc(B3OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O3)c(F)c2)CC1Br
Reactant: [H][H]
Agent: [Pd]
Solvent: O
Solvent: CCN(CC)CC
Solvent: Cc1ccccc1
Product: CCC1CCC(c2ccc(B3OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O3)c(F)c2)OC1

Procedure:
18.0 g (36.2 mmol) of 4-bromo-5-ethyl-2-[3-fluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl]tetrahydropyran are hydrogenated for 30 h at a hydrogen pressure of 5 bar and at 80° C. in toluene/water in the presence of Pd/C (5% of Pd) and 12.7 ml (88.1 mmol) of triethylamine. The organic phase is separated off and filtered absorptively (SiO2, toluene). The filtrate is concentrated to dryness, and the residue is recrystallised from ethanol at reduced temperature, giving 5-ethyl-2-[3-fluoro-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl]tetrahydropyran as a colourless solid.
Reaction SMILES: [NH2:1][C:2]1[CH:7]=[C:6]([C:8]([F:11])([F:10])[F:9])[C:5]([Cl:12])=[CH:4][C:3]=1[OH:13].[F:14][C:15]1[CH:23]=[N:22][CH:21]=[CH:20][C:16]=1[C:17](O)=[O:18].CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C.N1C=CC=CC=1>O>[F:14][C:15]1[CH:23]=[N:22][CH:21]=[CH:20][C:16]=1[C:17]([NH:1][C:2]1[CH:7]=[C:6]([C:8]([F:9])([F:10])[F:11])[C:5]([Cl:12])=[CH:4][C:3]=1[OH:13])=[O:18]
Reactant: O=C(O)c1ccncc1F
Reactant: Nc1cc(C(F)(F)F)c(Cl)cc1O
Agent: CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C
Solvent: c1ccncc1
Solvent: O
Product: O=C(Nc1cc(C(F)(F)F)c(Cl)cc1O)c1ccncc1F
Temperature: 80 °C
Yield: 65.9 %

Procedure:
A mixture of 2.0 g of 2-amino-5-chloro-4-trifluoromethylphenol, 1.33 g of 3-fluoroisonicotinic acid, 2.36 g of WSC and 15 ml of pyridine was stirred while heating at 80° C. for 3.5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and then water was added, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate three times. The combined organic layers were washed with water and a saturated sodium chloride solution, then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was subjected to silica gel column chromatography to give 2.08 g of 3-fluoro-N-[4-chloro-2-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethylphenyl]isonicotinamide.
Reaction SMILES: [OH-].[Na+].Br.Cl.C([O:13][C:14]1[C:15]2[CH2:16][C:17]3[S:21][C:20]([CH2:22][C:23]4[N:24]=[CH:25][NH:26][CH:27]=4)=[N:19][C:18]=3[C:28]=2[CH:29]=[CH:30][CH:31]=1)(=O)C1C=CC=CC=1>CO>[OH:13][C:14]1[C:15]2[CH2:16][C:17]3[S:21][C:20]([CH2:22][C:23]4[N:24]=[CH:25][NH:26][CH:27]=4)=[N:19][C:18]=3[C:28]=2[CH:29]=[CH:30][CH:31]=1
Reactant: O=C(Oc1cccc2c1Cc1sc(Cc3c[nH]cn3)nc1-2)c1ccccc1
Agent: Br
Agent: Cl
Agent: [Na+]
Solvent: CO
Product: Oc1cccc2c1Cc1sc(Cc3c[nH]cn3)nc1-2
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 0.5 h
Yield: 39.2 %

Procedure:
1 ml of a 5N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to a solution of 0.358 g of 7-benzoyloxy-2-(4-imidazolylmethyl)-8H-indeno[1,2-d]thiazole hydrochloride-hydrobromide obtained in Example 27a in methanol (10 ml), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. After evaporation of the solvent, the residue was acidified with 1N hydrochloric acid, neutralized with sodium bicarbonate and then extracted with chloroform-methanol. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solvent was evaporated, and the resultant crude crystals (0.20 g) were recrystallized from ethanol to obtain 77 mg of 7-hydroxy-2-(4-imidazolylmethyl)-8H-indeno[1,2-d]thiazole.
Reaction SMILES: Br[CH2:2][C:3](=O)[C:4]([O:6][CH2:7][CH3:8])=[O:5].[N:10]1[CH:15]=[CH:14][CH:13]=[CH:12][C:11]=1[C:16](=[S:18])[NH2:17]>C(O)C>[N:10]1[CH:15]=[CH:14][CH:13]=[CH:12][C:11]=1[C:16]1[S:18][CH:2]=[C:3]([C:4]([O:6][CH2:7][CH3:8])=[O:5])[N:17]=1
Reactant: CCOC(=O)C(=O)CBr
Reactant: NC(=S)c1ccccn1
Solvent: CCO
Product: CCOC(=O)c1csc(-c2ccccn2)n1

Procedure:
16.3 ml of ethyl bromopyruvate were added dropwise to 15.9 g of the product of Stage B in 250 ml of ethanol and the mixture was refluxed for 5 hours. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was chromatographed on silica (eluant: hexane-AcOEt 1-1) to obtain 10.2 g of the expected product melting at 69.1° C.
Reaction SMILES: [CH3:1][C:2]1[C:10]2[C:9](=[O:11])[NH:8][C:7]([CH2:12][CH2:13][CH3:14])=[N:6][C:5]=2[O:4][N:3]=1.C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C.[Li+].[CH2:25](Br)[C:26]1[CH:31]=[CH:30][CH:29]=[CH:28][CH:27]=1.[Na+].[I-]>C1COCC1>[CH2:25]([N:8]1[C:9](=[O:11])[C:10]2[C:2]([CH3:1])=[N:3][O:4][C:5]=2[N:6]=[C:7]1[CH2:12][CH2:13][CH3:14])[C:26]1[CH:31]=[CH:30][CH:29]=[CH:28][CH:27]=1
Reactant: CCCc1nc2onc(C)c2c(=O)[nH]1
Reactant: BrCc1ccccc1
Agent: C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C
Agent: [I-]
Agent: [Li+]
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Product: CCCc1nc2onc(C)c2c(=O)n1Cc1ccccc1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 1 h
Yield: 20.5 %

Procedure:
A suspension of the compound of Example 1 Step 2 (1.8 g, 9.3 mmol) in anhydrous THF (40 mL) at room temperature was treated with 1M lithium hexamethyldisilazide (13.9 mL, 13.9 mmol) and stirred for 1 h. The mixture was then treated with benzylbromide (2.37 g, 1.65 mL, 13.9 mmol) and NaI (0.15 g, 1.0 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 40 h, then cooled to room temperature. The mixture was partitioned between ether and brine and the organic phase was washed with water. The organic phase was concentrated under vacuum and purified by flash chromatography on SiO2 (15% EtOAc/Hexane) to afford the desired product as a white solid (540 mg, 20%); 1H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 7.35 (m, 5H), 5.41 (s, 2H), 2.79 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.53 (s, 3H), 1.72 (q, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 0.90 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 3H); LC/MS (ESI): 284 (M+H)+.
Reaction SMILES: [SH:1][CH2:2][C:3]1[CH:11]=[CH:10][C:6]([C:7]([OH:9])=[O:8])=[CH:5][CH:4]=1.[CH3:12][S:13]S(C)(=O)=O>O.C(O)C>[CH3:12][S:13][S:1][CH2:2][C:3]1[CH:11]=[CH:10][C:6]([C:7]([OH:9])=[O:8])=[CH:5][CH:4]=1
Reactant: CSS(C)(=O)=O
Reactant: O=C(O)c1ccc(CS)cc1
Solvent: CCO
Solvent: O
Product: CSSCc1ccc(C(=O)O)cc1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 8 h
Yield: 75.7 %

Procedure:
4-(mercaptomethyl)benzoic acid (36, 500 mg, 2.97 mmol) was dissolved in water (10 mL) and cooled in an ice bath. The cooled solution stirred as methyl methanethiolsulfonate (413 mg, 3.27 mmol) dissolved in ethanol (5.00 mL) was added. Following addition, the cooling bath was removed and the reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. After proceeding overnight, the reaction was diluted with saturated sodium chloride and extracted with ether. The combined extracts were washed with sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo. The product was isolated using silica flash chromatography eluting with a gradient of 40-60% ethyl acetate in hexanes containing 1% acetic acid over 20 min. to give 482 mg of the desired product, 4-((methyldisulfanyl)methyl)benzoic acid (37b), in 73.5% yield. 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ 2.121 (3H, s), 3.938 (2H, s), 7.457 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz), 8.068 (2H, d, J=8 Hz).
Reaction SMILES: Br[C:2]1[CH:3]=[CH:4][C:5]2[S:11](=[O:13])(=[O:12])[CH2:10][CH2:9][C:8]([C:14]([NH:16][C:17]3[CH:22]=[CH:21][C:20]([CH2:23][N:24]([CH3:31])[CH:25]4[CH2:30][CH2:29][O:28][CH2:27][CH2:26]4)=[CH:19][CH:18]=3)=[O:15])=[CH:7][C:6]=2[CH:32]=1.B([O-])([O-])O[C:35]1[CH:36]=[CH:37][C:38]2[O:43][CH2:42][CH2:41][CH2:40][C:39]=2[CH:44]=1.C(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+]>C1(C)C=CC=CC=1.C(O)C.O.C1C=CC([P]([Pd]([P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)([P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)[P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1>[O:43]1[C:38]2[CH:37]=[CH:36][C:35]([C:2]3[CH:3]=[CH:4][C:5]4[S:11](=[O:13])(=[O:12])[CH2:10][CH2:9][C:8]([C:14]([NH:16][C:17]5[CH:22]=[CH:21][C:20]([CH2:23][N:24]([CH3:31])[CH:25]6[CH2:26][CH2:27][O:28][CH2:29][CH2:30]6)=[CH:19][CH:18]=5)=[O:15])=[CH:7][C:6]=4[CH:32]=3)=[CH:44][C:39]=2[CH2:40][CH2:41][CH2:42]1
Reactant: [O-]B([O-])Oc1ccc2c(c1)CCCO2
Reactant: CN(Cc1ccc(NC(=O)C2=Cc3cc(Br)ccc3S(=O)(=O)CC2)cc1)C1CCOCC1
Agent: c1ccc([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)[Pd]([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)[P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1
Agent: O=C([O-])[O-]
Agent: [K+]
Solvent: O
Solvent: Cc1ccccc1
Solvent: CCO
Product: CN(Cc1ccc(NC(=O)C2=Cc3cc(-c4ccc5c(c4)CCCO5)ccc3S(=O)(=O)CC2)cc1)C1CCOCC1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 1 h
Yield: 45 %

Procedure:
Under argon atmosphere, a mixture of 7-bromo-N-[4-[[N-methyl-N-(tetrahydropyran-4-yl)amino]methyl]phenyl]-1,1-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiepine-4-carboxamide (300 mg), 3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl borate (113 mg) and potassium carbonate (160 mg) in toluene/ethanol/water (10/1/1 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. To the mixture was added tetrakistriphenylphosphinepalladium (33 mg, 0.029 mmol), and the mixture was refluxed for 6 hours, cooled, extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with saturated brine, dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to give crystals, which were collected by filtration and recrystallized from ethanol to give pale yellow crystals of 7-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)-N-[4-[[N-methyl-N-(tetrahydropyran-4-yl)amino]methyl]phenyl]-1,1-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1-benzothiepine-4-carboxamide (Compound 62) (149 mg).
Reaction SMILES: [Al+3].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl:5][CH2:6][CH2:7][CH2:8][C:9](Cl)=[O:10].[CH3:12][N:13]([CH3:25])[C:14](=[O:24])[C:15]([CH3:23])([C:17]1[CH:22]=[CH:21][CH:20]=[CH:19][CH:18]=1)[CH3:16]>C(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl.C(Cl)Cl>[CH3:25][N:13]([CH3:12])[C:14](=[O:24])[C:15]([C:17]1[CH:18]=[CH:19][C:20]([C:9](=[O:10])[CH2:8][CH2:7][CH2:6][Cl:5])=[CH:21][CH:22]=1)([CH3:23])[CH3:16]
Reactant: CN(C)C(=O)C(C)(C)c1ccccc1
Reactant: O=C(Cl)CCCCl
Agent: [Al+3]
Agent: [Cl-]
Solvent: ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl
Solvent: ClCCl
Product: CN(C)C(=O)C(C)(C)c1ccc(C(=O)CCCCl)cc1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 17 h
Yield: 72.4 %

Procedure:
Add AlCl3 (1.12 g, 8.40 mmol) to carbon tetrachloride (6 mL) under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature. Add 4-chlorobutyryl chloride (0.49 mL, 4.37 mmol), stir for 15 minutes and add, by dropwise addition over 3 minutes, a solution of 2-methyl-2-phenyl-propionic acid, dimethylamide (0.64 g, 3.36 mmol) in carbon tetrachloride (6 mL). Stir at room temperature for 17 hours, dilute with methylene chloride (10 mL), pour into ice water (50 mL) and separate the layers. Wash the aqueous layer with methylene chloride (2×70 mL), 5% aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, combine the organic layers and dry (Na2SO4). Filter, evaporate the filtrate in vacuo and purify by silica gel chromatography (5:2 hexane/ethyl acetate) to give the title compound (0.72 g, 72%) as a light yellow oil.
Reaction SMILES: C([Li])CCC.[Cl-].[CH3:7][O:8][CH2:9][P+](C1C=CC=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1.[Cl:29][C:30]1[CH:35]=[C:34]([Cl:36])[CH:33]=[CH:32][C:31]=1[CH:37]([CH3:46])[C:38]([C:40]1[CH:41]=[N:42][CH:43]=[CH:44][CH:45]=1)=O.O>O1CCCC1>[Cl:29][C:30]1[CH:35]=[C:34]([Cl:36])[CH:33]=[CH:32][C:31]=1[CH:37]([CH3:46])/[C:38](/[C:40]1[CH:41]=[N:42][CH:43]=[CH:44][CH:45]=1)=[CH:7]\[O:8][CH3:9]
Reactant: COC[P+](c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1
Reactant: CC(C(=O)c1cccnc1)c1ccc(Cl)cc1Cl
Agent: [Cl-]
Agent: [Li]CCCC
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Solvent: O
Product: CO/C=C(/c1cccnc1)C(C)c1ccc(Cl)cc1Cl
Reaction time: 3 h

Procedure:
135 ml of n-butyllithium (1.6M in n-hexane) are added dropwise at 0° C. under argon to a suspension of 73.9 g (0.215 mol) of methoxymethyltriphenylphosphonium chloride in 500 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran in such a manner that the temperature does not exceed 5° C. After stirring at 0° C. for 30 minutes a solution of 50 g (0.178 mol) of 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-propanone in 100 ml of dry tetrahydrofuran is added dropwise at -75° C. within 30 minutes. The mixture is stirred at this temperature for 3 hours and 100 ml of water are then added dropwise at 0° C. The tetrahydrofuran is distilled off under reduced pressure and the residue is extracted with ethyl acetate. After distilling off the ethyl acetate the oily residue is chromatographed on silica gel with dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (95:5 vol%) as the eluent. There is thus obtained with the 1st fraction (E)- 3-(2,4-dichloro-α-methoxy methylene-β-methylphenethyl)-pyridine as beige crystals, m.p. 67-68° C., and with the 2nd fraction (Z)-3-(2,4-dichloro-α-methoxymethylene-β-methylphenethyl)-pyri dine as a yellowish oil in the ratio of about 1:1 in a total amount of 44.4 g.
Reaction SMILES: [Cl:1][C:2]1[CH:3]=[C:4]([C@@H:8]2[C@@H:13]([C:14]3[CH:19]=[CH:18][C:17]([Cl:20])=[CH:16][CH:15]=3)[N:12]([C@@H:21]([CH2:29][CH3:30])[CH2:22][N:23]3[CH2:28][CH2:27][O:26][CH2:25][CH2:24]3)[C:11](=[O:31])[C@:10]([CH2:33][CH:34]=[O:35])([CH3:32])[CH2:9]2)[CH:5]=[CH:6][CH:7]=1.CC(C)=[O:38]>O.OS(O)(=O)=O.C(OCC)(=O)C>[Cl:1][C:2]1[CH:3]=[C:4]([C@@H:8]2[C@@H:13]([C:14]3[CH:15]=[CH:16][C:17]([Cl:20])=[CH:18][CH:19]=3)[N:12]([C@@H:21]([CH2:29][CH3:30])[CH2:22][N:23]3[CH2:28][CH2:27][O:26][CH2:25][CH2:24]3)[C:11](=[O:31])[C@:10]([CH2:33][C:34]([OH:38])=[O:35])([CH3:32])[CH2:9]2)[CH:5]=[CH:6][CH:7]=1
Reactant: CC(C)=O
Reactant: CC[C@@H](CN1CCOCC1)N1C(=O)[C@@](C)(CC=O)C[C@H](c2cccc(Cl)c2)[C@H]1c1ccc(Cl)cc1
Agent: O=S(=O)(O)O
Solvent: O
Solvent: CCOC(C)=O
Product: CC[C@@H](CN1CCOCC1)N1C(=O)[C@@](C)(CC(=O)O)C[C@H](c2cccc(Cl)c2)[C@H]1c1ccc(Cl)cc1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 2 h

Procedure:
To a solution of 2-((3R,5R,6S)-5-(3-chlorophenyl)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-1-((S)-1-morpholinobutan-2-yl)-2-oxopiperidin-3-yl)acetaldehyde (Example 91, Step E) (125 mg, 0.242 mmol) in acetone (2 mL) was added 3 mL of a mixture of CrO3 in water (2 mL) and concentrated H2SO4 (1 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and then diluted with water (10 mL) and ethyl acetate (10 mL) and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with additional ethyl acetate (10 mL). The combined organic layers were concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reversed phase preparatory HPLC (column: Gemini-NX C18 5 um column; Phenomonex, Torrance, Calif.; eluent: 0 to 100% MeCN +0.1% TFA in water +0.1% TFA) to provide the title compound.
Reaction SMILES: [CH3:1][O:2][C:3]1[CH:4]=[CH:5][C:6]2[CH:10]=[CH:9][S:8][C:7]=2[CH:11]=1.C([Li])CCC.I[C:18]1[CH:23]=[CH:22][CH:21]=[CH:20][CH:19]=1.[O-]S(C(F)(F)F)(=O)=O.[Cl-].[Li+]>C1COCC1.[Cl-].[Zn+2].[Cl-].C1C=CC([P]([Pd]([P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)([P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)[P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1>[CH3:1][O:2][C:3]1[CH:4]=[CH:5][C:6]2[CH:10]=[C:9]([C:18]3[CH:23]=[CH:22][CH:21]=[CH:20][CH:19]=3)[S:8][C:7]=2[CH:11]=1
Reactant: Ic1ccccc1
Reactant: COc1ccc2ccsc2c1
Agent: c1ccc([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)[Pd]([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)[P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1
Agent: O=S(=O)([O-])C(F)(F)F
Agent: [Cl-]
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Product: COc1ccc2cc(-c3ccccc3)sc2c1
Temperature: 0 °C
Reaction time: 1.5 h
Yield: 68.4 %

Procedure:
To a solution of 6-Methoxy -benzo[b]thiophene (250 mg, 1.52 mmol) in 3.7 mL THF at −20° C. was added dropwise n-butyllithium (0.67 mL, 1.67 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 1.5 hrs. and at room temperature for 0.5 hrs. Anhydrous zinc chloride (269 mg, 1.97 mmol) in 1.9 mL of THF was added by cannula to the reaction. The reaction was then stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes and then Pd(Ph3P)4 (70 mg, 0.06 mmol) and iodobenzene (0.22 mL, 1.97 mmol) were added and the reaction stirred at room temperature for 3 hrs. Other aromatic or heteroaromatic bromides, iodides or triflates can replace iodobenzene in this procedure. If a triflate is used 3 equivalents of anhydrous lithium chloride must be added. The reaction can be refluxed overnight to push it towards completion. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was diluted water and extracted into ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. The crude product was chromatographed on silica gel using 100% Hexanes to 1% ethyl acetate/hexanes as the gradient eluant to yield 250 mg of the title compound.
Reaction SMILES: [CH:1]1[C:18]2=[C:19]3[C:8]([C:9]4[C:20]5[C:13](=[CH:14][CH:15]=[CH:16][C:17]2=5)[CH:12]=[CH:11][CH:10]=4)=[CH:7][CH:6]=[C:5]2[C:21]([O:23][C:24](=O)[C:3](=[C:4]23)[CH:2]=1)=[O:22].[CH:26]1([NH2:32])[CH2:31][CH2:30][CH2:29][CH2:28][CH2:27]1.N1C=CN=C1>>[CH:26]1([N:32]2[C:21](=[O:22])[C:5]3[C:4]4[C:19]5[C:8](=[CH:7][CH:6]=3)[C:9]3[C:20]6[C:13]([CH:12]=[CH:11][CH:10]=3)=[CH:14][CH:15]=[CH:16][C:17]=6[C:18]=5[CH:1]=[CH:2][C:3]=4[C:24]2=[O:23])[CH2:31][CH2:30][CH2:29][CH2:28][CH2:27]1
Reactant: NC1CCCCC1
Reactant: O=C1OC(=O)c2ccc3c4cccc5cccc(c6ccc1c2c63)c54
Agent: c1c[nH]cn1
Product: O=C1c2ccc3c4cccc5cccc(c6ccc(c2c36)C(=O)N1C1CCCCC1)c54
Temperature: 140 °C

Procedure:
0.30 g (0.93 mmol) of perylene-3,4-dicarboxylic anhydride is mixed with 0.28 g (2.8 mmol) of cyclohexylamine and 3 g of imidazole, and the mixture is heated under nitrogen at 140° C. for 3 h. The reaction product is removed from the flask by washing with ethanol, treated with 200 ml of 10% hydrochloric acid and boiled until no more ethanol is present. The residue is filtered off with suction, boiled in potassium carbonate solution and again filtered off with suction. The residue is washed with hot water until the filtrate is hardly coloured any more and then dried in a drying cabinet at 120° C. The orange shiny powder thus obtained is recrystallized twice by extraction with methanol. Yield 0.30 g (80%) of orange small crystals, strong red solid fluorescence, m.p. 370°-372° C. Rf (CHCl3 /silica gel)=0.41. UV (CHCl3): λmax (ε)=505 (29970), 483 (30309), 354 (3160), 336 (3160), 294 (3300), 264 (29090). Fluorescence (CHCl3): λmax (Irel)=539 (1), 567 (0.51).
Reaction SMILES: [CH3:1][C:2]([S:5]([NH2:7])=[O:6])([CH3:4])[CH3:3].[Br:8][C:9]1[CH:17]=[C:16]2[C:12]([CH2:13][C:14]3([CH2:23][CH2:22][CH:21]([CH:24]([F:26])[F:25])[CH2:20][CH2:19]3)[C:15]2=O)=[CH:11][CH:10]=1.CCOC(C)=O.C([O-])(O)=O.[Na+]>CCCCCCC.[O-]CC.[Ti+4].[O-]CC.[O-]CC.[O-]CC>[Br:8][C:9]1[CH:17]=[C:16]2[C:12](=[CH:11][CH:10]=1)[CH2:13][C:14]1([CH2:23][CH2:22][CH:21]([CH:24]([F:25])[F:26])[CH2:20][CH2:19]1)[C:15]2=[N:7][S:5]([C:2]([CH3:4])([CH3:3])[CH3:1])=[O:6]
Reactant: O=C1c2cc(Br)ccc2CC12CCC(C(F)F)CC2
Reactant: CC(C)(C)S(N)=O
Agent: [Ti+4]
Agent: CC[O-]
Agent: O=C([O-])O
Solvent: CCCCCCC
Solvent: CCOC(C)=O
Product: CC(C)(C)S(=O)N=C1c2cc(Br)ccc2CC12CCC(C(F)F)CC2
Temperature: 90 °C
Reaction time: 2 h
Yield: 60.1 %

Procedure:
Titanium ethoxide (0.893 mL, 4.33 mmol), 2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (0.315 g, 2.60 mmol) and 6′-bromo-4-(difluoromethyl)spiro[cyclohexane-1,2′-inden]-1′(3′H)-one (Intermediate 91, 0.713 g, 2.17 mmol) were dissolved in 2-Me THF (5 mL) and heated to 90° C. overnight. 2-Methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (0.315 g, 2.60 mmol) and titanium ethoxide (0.893 mL, 4.33 mmol) were added and the reaction was refluxed for 7 h. Another portion of reagents was added and the mixture was refluxed overnight. The reaction was allowed to attain r.t. EtOAc (50 mL) was added followed by dropwise addition of NaHCO3 (10 mL). The mixture was stirred at r.t. for 2 h. The crude product was purified using flash chromatography (40 g SiO2, O-40% EtOAc in heptane) to give the title compound (564 mg, 60% yield): MS (ES+) m/z 432 [M+H]+.