Azzindani/Open_Reaction_Data huggingface dataset:
Reaction SMILES: [CH3:1][C:2]1[CH:3]=[C:4]2[C:9](=[CH:10][C:11]=1[CH3:12])[NH:8][C:7](=[O:13])[C:6](=[O:14])[NH:5]2.[N+:15]([O-])([OH:17])=[O:16]>>[CH3:12][C:11]1[C:10]([N+:15]([O-:17])=[O:16])=[C:9]2[C:4](=[CH:3][C:2]=1[CH3:1])[NH:5][C:6](=[O:14])[C:7](=[O:13])[NH:8]2
Reactant: O=[N+]([O-])O
Reactant: Cc1cc2[nH]c(=O)c(=O)[nH]c2cc1C
Product: Cc1cc2[nH]c(=O)c(=O)[nH]c2c([N+](=O)[O-])c1C
Temperature: 20 °C
Reaction time: 0.08 h
Yield: 60 %

Procedure:
1,4-Dihydro-6,7-dimethylquinoxalin-2,3-dione (J. Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1982, 754-761, 10.0 g, 52.6 mmol) was added in portions over 10 minutes to concentrated nitric acid (density, 1.42 gcm-3, 100 ml) at 0° C. After 5 minutes, the cooling bath was removed and the mixture was stirred at 20° C. for 7 hours, using cooling when necessary to maintain this temperature. The solution was poured into iced water, and the resulting solid filtered off and dried under reduced pressure at 75° C. to give 1,4-dihydro-6,7-dimethyl-5-nitroquinoxalin-2,3-dione (7.44 g, 60%) as a pale yellow solid, mp 280°-290° C. (dec.) (from dimethylformamide/water).
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]([O:4][CH2:5][C:6]1[CH:11]=[C:10]([O:12][CH2:13][C:14]2[CH:19]=[CH:18][CH:17]=[CH:16][CH:15]=2)[C:9]([O:20]CC2C=CC(OC)=CC=2)=[CH:8][N:7]=1)(=[O:3])[CH3:2].C1(P(=O)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=CC=1.C([SiH](CC)CC)C.[F:57][C:58]([F:63])([F:62])[C:59]([OH:61])=[O:60]>ClCCl>[F:57][C:58]([F:63])([F:62])[C:59]([OH:61])=[O:60].[C:1]([O:4][CH2:5][C:6]1[CH:11]=[C:10]([O:12][CH2:13][C:14]2[CH:15]=[CH:16][CH:17]=[CH:18][CH:19]=2)[C:9]([OH:20])=[CH:8][N:7]=1)(=[O:3])[CH3:2]
Reactant: COc1ccc(COc2cnc(COC(C)=O)cc2OCc2ccccc2)cc1
Agent: CC[SiH](CC)CC
Agent: O=P(c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1
Solvent: O=C(O)C(F)(F)F
Solvent: ClCCl
Product: CC(=O)OCc1cc(OCc2ccccc2)c(O)cn1

Procedure:
A solution of {5-({[4-(methyloxy)phenyl]methyl}oxy)-4-[(phenyl methyl)oxy]-2-pyridinyl}methyl acetate (containing triphenylphosphine oxide as an impurity) (20 g, 50.8 mmol) in dichloromethane (500 ml) was treated with triethylsilane (10 ml, 62.6 mmol). A solution of trifluoroacetic acid (35 ml, 0.45 mol) in dichloromethane (200 ml) was added over 1 hour. After 2 hours the mixture was evaporated and chromatographed on silica gel eluting with 50-100% ethyl acetate-hexane, then 5-10% methanol-DCM affording a solid, the TFA salt in a 1:1 mixture with triphenylphosphine oxide (8.33 g).
Reaction SMILES: [NH:1]1[C:9]2[C:4](=[CH:5][CH:6]=[CH:7][CH:8]=2)[CH:3]=[CH:2]1.[H-].[Na+].[S:12](Cl)([C:15]1[CH:21]=[CH:20][C:18]([CH3:19])=[CH:17][CH:16]=1)(=[O:14])=[O:13].Cl>CN(C=O)C>[S:12]([N:1]1[C:9]2[C:4](=[CH:5][CH:6]=[CH:7][CH:8]=2)[CH:3]=[CH:2]1)([C:15]1[CH:21]=[CH:20][C:18]([CH3:19])=[CH:17][CH:16]=1)(=[O:14])=[O:13]
Reactant: c1ccc2[nH]ccc2c1
Reactant: Cc1ccc(S(=O)(=O)Cl)cc1
Agent: Cl
Agent: [H-]
Agent: [Na+]
Solvent: CN(C)C=O
Product: Cc1ccc(S(=O)(=O)n2ccc3ccccc32)cc1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 2 h
Yield: 82.4 %

Procedure:
To a solution of indole 81 (10 g, 85 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) at 0° C. was added NaH (60% dispersion in mineral oil 4 g) and tosylchloride (24 g, 128 mmol) portionwisely. And the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The resulting solution was acidified with 2.0 M HCl, and organic layer was extracted with Et2O. After evaporating the volatile material with reduced pressure, the residue was purified by silica column chromatography to obtain titled compound 82 (19 g, 84%).
Reaction SMILES: [Br:1][C:2]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][C:8]([F:11])=[CH:7][C:3]=1[C:4](O)=[O:5].Cl.[CH3:13][NH:14][O:15][CH3:16].C(N(CC)CC)C.C1(P(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=CC=1>C(Cl)Cl>[Br:1][C:2]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][C:8]([F:11])=[CH:7][C:3]=1[C:4]([N:14]([O:15][CH3:16])[CH3:13])=[O:5]
Reactant: CNOC
Reactant: O=C(O)c1cc(F)ccc1Br
Agent: Cl
Agent: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1
Solvent: ClCCl
Solvent: CCN(CC)CC
Product: CON(C)C(=O)c1cc(F)ccc1Br
Reaction time: 1 h
Yield: 73 %

Procedure:
2-Bromo-5-fluorobenzoic acid (4.60 g, 0.02 mol), N,O-Dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.05 g, 0.02 mol), carbon tertabromide (6.9 g, 0.02 mol) was added to mixture of methylene chloride (100 mL) and triethylamine (2.9 mL, 0.02 mol). Triphenylphospine (5.53 g, 0.02 mol) was added to the solution over 1 hour and stirred for another 1 hour. The solution was concentrated to an oil. Hexanes (100 mL) and Ethyl Acetate (100 mL) were added to the oil and stirred for 1 hour then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was purified by chromatography (Hexanes/Ethyl Acetate) on silica gel to afford 2-bromo-5-fluoro-N-methoxy-N-methylbenzamide as a foamy white solid in 73% yield. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 500 MHz) δ3.00-3.98 (m, 6 H), 6.97-7.08 (m, 2H), 7.51-7.54 (m, 1H).
Reaction SMILES: [NH2:1][C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][CH:5]=[CH:4][N:3]=1.Br[CH2:9][C:10](=O)[C:11]([O:13][CH2:14][CH3:15])=[O:12]>O1CCCC1.C(O)C>[N:1]1[C:10]([C:11]([O:13][CH2:14][CH3:15])=[O:12])=[CH:9][N:3]2[CH:4]=[CH:5][CH:6]=[CH:7][C:2]=12
Reactant: Nc1ccccn1
Reactant: CCOC(=O)C(=O)CBr
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Solvent: CCO
Product: CCOC(=O)c1cn2ccccc2n1
Yield: 84.7 %

Procedure:
3 g (31.9 mmol) of 2-aminopyridine were dissolved in 65 ml of tetrahydrofurane with magnetic stirring. The addition of 4.44 ml (31.9 mmol) of ethyl bromopyruvate caused precipitation of a solid. The heterogenous mixture was stirred with reflux for 4 h. After returning to r.t., the solid was isolated by filtration and taken up in 65 ml of ethanol in order to be stirred with reflux in 65 ml of ethanol for 16 h. After returning to r.t., the solid was isolated by filtration. The filtrate was placed in ice in order to facilitate crystallization of the product which was collected by filtration and thus so forth until the liquid phase remained limpid. The solid was rinsed with 30 ml of diisopropyl ether and dried in a vacuum bell jar in order to obtain 5.14 g (yield=84%) of ethyl imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylate as a white powder. LC-MS: m/z=191 (MH+); UV purity at 254 nm=99%. 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.84 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.98-7.80 (m, 2H), 7.46 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.43 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.35 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H).
Reaction SMILES: [Br:1][C:2]1[CH:3]=[CH:4][C:5]([NH2:8])=[N:6][CH:7]=1.C([Li])CCC.CCCCCC.Cl[Si:21]([CH3:29])([CH3:28])[CH2:22][CH2:23][Si:24](Cl)([CH3:26])[CH3:25].[Na+].[Cl-]>C1COCC1>[Br:1][C:2]1[CH:3]=[CH:4][C:5]([N:8]2[Si:24]([CH3:26])([CH3:25])[CH2:23][CH2:22][Si:21]2([CH3:29])[CH3:28])=[N:6][CH:7]=1
Reactant: Nc1ccc(Br)cn1
Reactant: C[Si](C)(Cl)CC[Si](C)(C)Cl
Agent: [Cl-]
Agent: [Li]CCCC
Agent: [Na+]
Solvent: CCCCCC
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Product: C[Si]1(C)CC[Si](C)(C)N1c1ccc(Br)cn1
Temperature: -78 °C
Reaction time: 1 h
Yield: 53.7 %

Procedure:
In a 500 mL three-necked flask, 5-bromopyridin-2-amine (5 g, 28.9 mmol) was combined with THF (80 ml) to give a light yellow solution. Cooled to −78° C. and n-butyllithium in hexane (18.2 ml, 29.2 mmol) was added via syringe. The reaction was stirred at −78° C. for 1 hr, then 1,2-bis(chlorodimethylsilyl)ethane (6.22 g, 28.9 mmol) was added dropwise over 15 min. After stirring for 90 min at −78° C., n-butyllithium in hexane (18.2 ml, 29.2 mmol) was added. The reaction was allowed to warm to 25° C. and stirred for 2 hr. The reaction mixture was diluted with 50 mL sat NaCl and extracted with diethyl ether (2×200 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with H2O (1×25 mL), sat NaCl (1×25 mL), dried over MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The crude brown oil was purified by vacuum distillation (1 mm Hg, 170° C.). The product solidified upon cooling to give 4.89 g (54%) of the title compound as a white crystalline solid. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ: 8.15 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (dd, J=8.9, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.47 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 0.83 (s, 4H), 0.24-0.38 (m, 12H).
Reaction SMILES: [N+:1]([O-:4])(O)=[O:2].[CH:5]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][CH:8]=[CH:7][CH:6]=1>O>[N+:1]([C:5]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][CH:8]=[CH:7][CH:6]=1)([O-:4])=[O:2]
Reactant: c1ccccc1
Reactant: O=[N+]([O-])O
Solvent: O
Product: O=[N+]([O-])c1ccccc1

Procedure:
When the nitric acid has reacted completely with benzene under adiabatic conditions in the reactor (1) to give nitrobenzene and water, the reaction mixture (S4) thereby heated to about 135° C. (see the examples) is fed to a phase separator in the form of a decanter (2), in which the reaction mixture is separated into a phase of crude nitrobenzene (S5) and spent acid (S6). The spent acid (S6) is partially concentrated in a first evaporator (3) operated at 260 mbar. Also shown is a false air stream (S16), which is drawn into the first evaporator (3) by the vacuum therein. The vapour stream (S12) produced in the first evaporator (3), comprising water, sulfuric acid, nitrobenzene, benzene and aliphatic organic compounds, which are contained as impurities in the benzene stream (S1) for reaction, are condensed in a condenser (8) to a first liquid discharge stream (S13). The unevaporated, liquid discharge stream of the first evaporator (S7) is fed to the second evaporator (4), which is operated at a pressure of 74 mbar, and thereby concentrated to a concentration of 70% by mass sulfuric acid (S8). Also shown is a second false air stream (S15), which is drawn into the second evaporator (3) by the vacuum therein. For further use, the re-concentrated sulfuric acid (S8) is accordingly stored in a sulfuric acid tank (5). In the second evaporation of the spent acid there is obtained a vapour stream (S9) consisting substantially of water as well as residues of sulfuric acid, nitrobenzene and benzene, which is condensed in a condenser (6).
Reaction SMILES: [N+:1]([C:4]1[CH:30]=[C:29]([N+:31]([O-:33])=[O:32])[CH:28]=[C:27]([N+:34]([O-:36])=[O:35])[C:5]=1[C:6]([NH:8][NH:9][C:10](=[O:26])[C:11]1[C:16]([N+:17]([O-:19])=[O:18])=[CH:15][C:14]([N+:20]([O-:22])=[O:21])=[CH:13][C:12]=1[N+:23]([O-:25])=[O:24])=O)([O-:3])=[O:2].ClCCCl.P(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl>CO>[C:5]1([C:6]2[O:26][C:10]([C:11]3[C:12]([N+:23]([O-:25])=[O:24])=[CH:13][C:14]([N+:20]([O-:22])=[O:21])=[CH:15][C:16]=3[N+:17]([O-:19])=[O:18])=[N:9][N:8]=2)[C:27]([N+:34]([O-:36])=[O:35])=[CH:28][C:29]([N+:31]([O-:33])=[O:32])=[CH:30][C:4]=1[N+:1]([O-:3])=[O:2]
Reactant: O=C(NNC(=O)c1c([N+](=O)[O-])cc([N+](=O)[O-])cc1[N+](=O)[O-])c1c([N+](=O)[O-])cc([N+](=O)[O-])cc1[N+](=O)[O-]
Agent: ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl
Solvent: ClCCCl
Solvent: CO
Product: O=[N+]([O-])c1cc([N+](=O)[O-])c(-c2nnc(-c3c([N+](=O)[O-])cc([N+](=O)[O-])cc3[N+](=O)[O-])o2)c([N+](=O)[O-])c1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 2.5 h
Yield: 40.6 %

Procedure:
To 7.4 g (0.0145 mol) of N,N'-bis(2,4,6-trinitrobenzoyl)hydrazine and 65 ml of 1,2-dichloroethane stirred in a 200 ml round bottom flask was added 7.4 g (0.0355 mol) of phosphorus pentachloride. The mixture was heated to reflux temperature in an oil bath and was held at this temperature for 2.5 hrs. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and the insoluble material (3.2 g of crude 2,5-dipicryl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, mp 318° C. (dec), was removed by filtration. The crude oxadiazole was dissolved in boiling acetone (300 ml), the solution was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated by distillation until much of the acetone had been removed and an appreciable amount of crystals had formed. Methanol was slowly added with continued distillation until the distillate temperature approached 65° C. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered to give 2.9 g of pure 2,5-dipicryl1,3,4-oxadiazole, mp 335° C. (vigorous decomposition). NMR (DMSO-d6):9.52 (s).
Reaction SMILES: Br[C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([O:8][CH3:9])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1.[C:10]([OH:14])(=[O:13])[CH:11]=[CH2:12].C(N(CC)CC)C>Cl[Pd]Cl.O>[CH3:9][O:8][C:5]1[CH:6]=[CH:7][C:2]([CH:12]=[CH:11][C:10]([OH:14])=[O:13])=[CH:3][CH:4]=1
Reactant: COc1ccc(Br)cc1
Reactant: C=CC(=O)O
Agent: Cl[Pd]Cl
Solvent: O
Solvent: CCN(CC)CC
Product: COc1ccc(C=CC(=O)O)cc1
Temperature: 130 °C
Yield: 81.2 %

Procedure:
p-bromo anisole (8.4 g), acrylic acid (3.9 g), water (13.5 g), PdCl2 (0.3 mg) and triethyamine (14.3 g, 89.3% pure by titration, the balance being water, recovered by phase separation from a previous run) were charged into an autoclave and heated for 2 hours at 130° C. The work up detailed in Example 1 gave 6.5 g (81%) of >98% pure p-methoxy cinnamic acid.
Reaction SMILES: Cl[C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([N+:8]([O-:10])=[O:9])=[CH:4][N:3]=1.[F-:11].[K+].C(#N)C>[P+](C1C=CC=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1.[Br-].CCOCC>[F:11][C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([N+:8]([O-:10])=[O:9])=[CH:4][N:3]=1
Reactant: O=[N+]([O-])c1ccc(Cl)nc1
Reactant: [F-]
Agent: [Br-]
Agent: [K+]
Agent: c1ccc([P+](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1
Solvent: CC#N
Solvent: CCOCC
Product: O=[N+]([O-])c1ccc(F)nc1

Procedure:
2-Chloro-5-nitropyridine (100 g, 0.656 mol, Aldrich), KF (84.1 g, 1.448 mol), Ph4PBr (95.3 g, 0.227 mol) and acetonitrile (1.5 L) were combined and heated at reflux until no starting material remained. The volume was reduced to 750 mL, and the mixture was diluted with 2 L of ether, filtered and concentrated. The residue was triturated with hot hexane (5×1 L). The hexane extracts were combined and concentrated to afford 48 g (54%). 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) δ7.15 (dd, J=3, 6 Hz, 1H), 8.64 (m, 1H), 9.15 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H).
Reaction SMILES: [NH3:1].[Cl:2][C:3]1[C:4](OC)=[N:5][C:6]([Cl:13])=[C:7]([C:9]([F:12])([F:11])[F:10])[CH:8]=1>CO>[NH2:1][C:4]1[C:3]([Cl:2])=[CH:8][C:7]([C:9]([F:12])([F:11])[F:10])=[C:6]([Cl:13])[N:5]=1
Reactant: COc1nc(Cl)c(C(F)(F)F)cc1Cl
Reactant: N
Solvent: CO
Product: Nc1nc(Cl)c(C(F)(F)F)cc1Cl
Yield: 28.3 %

Procedure:
12.4 g (0.73 mol) of gaseous ammonia were injected into a stirred mixture of 12.8 g (0.052 mol) of 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxy-5-trifluoromethylpyridine in 100 ml of methanol in an autoclave at 140° C., during which process the pressure climbed up to 200 bar. After half an hour, no starting material was detected in a sample. The reaction solution was concentrated and partitioned between methylene chloride and water. After drying, concentration, trituration of the residue with n-pentane, filtration with suction and drying, 3.4 g (28% of theory) of 2-amino-3,6-dichloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine of m.p. 110°-112° C. were obtained. HPLC analysis revealed that the concentrated pentane filtrate (5 g) was composed of a further 19% of 2-amino-3,6-dichloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine and 5 other compounds.
Reaction SMILES: [N:1]([CH2:4][CH2:5][O:6][CH2:7][CH2:8][O:9][CH2:10][CH2:11][O:12][CH2:13][CH2:14][NH:15][C:16](=[O:23])[CH2:17][O:18][CH2:19][C:20]([OH:22])=[O:21])=[N+]=[N-].C(#N)C>O>[NH2:1][CH2:4][CH2:5][O:6][CH2:7][CH2:8][O:9][CH2:10][CH2:11][O:12][CH2:13][CH2:14][NH:15][C:16](=[O:23])[CH2:17][O:18][CH2:19][C:20]([OH:22])=[O:21]
Reactant: [N-]=[N+]=NCCOCCOCCOCCNC(=O)COCC(=O)O
Solvent: CC#N
Solvent: O
Product: NCCOCCOCCOCCNC(=O)COCC(=O)O
Reaction time: 0.33 h

Procedure:
A solution of 17-azido-5-oxo-6-aza-3,9,12,15-tetraoxaheptadecanoic acid (8.36 g, 25.0 mmol) in water (100 ml) was reduced using H2 (g)-Pd/C (10%). The reaction was run until LC-MS analysis showed complete conversion of starting material (column Vydac 218TP54; solvents: A=water/0.1% TFA and B=acetonitrile/0.1% TFA; gradient 4-16% B over 20 min; flow 1.0 ml/min; UV detection at 214 and 284 nm, ES ionisation giving M+H at 335 for starting material and 309 for the product). The solution was filtered and used directly in the next step.
Reaction SMILES: F[C:2]1[CH:9]=[CH:8][C:5]([C:6]#[N:7])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1.[NH2:10][CH2:11][CH2:12][OH:13].C(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].CS(C)=O>O>[OH:13][CH2:12][CH2:11][NH:10][C:2]1[CH:9]=[CH:8][C:5]([C:6]#[N:7])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1
Reactant: NCCO
Reactant: N#Cc1ccc(F)cc1
Agent: O=C([O-])[O-]
Agent: [K+]
Solvent: CS(C)=O
Solvent: O
Product: N#Cc1ccc(NCCO)cc1
Temperature: 100 °C
Reaction time: 8 h
Yield: 72.6 %

Procedure:
A mixture of 4-fluorobenzonitrile (6.06 g), 2-aminoethanol (3.71 g), potassium carbonate (8.29 g) and dimethyl sulfoxide (50 mL) was stirred at 100° C. overnight. Water (200 mL) was added to the reaction mixture and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL×4). The ethyl acetate layer was washed with saturated brine (100 mL), dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluted with ethyl acetate:hexane=30:70, then 50:50, then 80:20, then ethyl acetate) to give 4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]benzonitrile (5.89 g) as a yellow solid.
Reaction SMILES: [CH3:1][O:2][C:3]([C:5]1[S:14][C:8]2[N:9]=[CH:10][N:11]=[C:12](Cl)[C:7]=2[C:6]=1[CH3:15])=[O:4].[F:16][C:17]1[CH:23]=[CH:22][C:20]([NH2:21])=[C:19]([O:24][CH:25]([CH3:27])[CH3:26])[CH:18]=1.O.C1(C)C=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=1>O1CCOCC1>[F:16][C:17]1[CH:23]=[CH:22][C:20]([NH:21][C:12]2[C:7]3[C:6]([CH3:15])=[C:5]([C:3]([O:2][CH3:1])=[O:4])[S:14][C:8]=3[N:9]=[CH:10][N:11]=2)=[C:19]([O:24][CH:25]([CH3:27])[CH3:26])[CH:18]=1
Reactant: CC(C)Oc1cc(F)ccc1N
Reactant: COC(=O)c1sc2ncnc(Cl)c2c1C
Agent: Cc1ccc(S(=O)(=O)O)cc1
Solvent: C1COCCO1
Solvent: O
Product: COC(=O)c1sc2ncnc(Nc3ccc(F)cc3OC(C)C)c2c1C
Temperature: 110 °C

Procedure:
4-Chloro-5-methyl-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid methyl ester (112 mg), 4-fluoro-2-isopropoxyaniline (77.9 mg) and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (15 mg) were dissolved in dioxane (3.0 ml). The reaction was heated at 110° C. under microwave irradiation. Then the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in dichloromethane and extracted with water. The organic phase was dried and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was triturated with diisopropyl ether and filtered.
Reaction SMILES: [Cl:1][C:2]1[N:7]=[C:6](Cl)[C:5]([Cl:9])=[CH:4][N:3]=1.[NH2:10][C:11]1[CH:15]=[C:14]([CH:16]2[CH2:18][CH2:17]2)[NH:13][N:12]=1.C(N(CC)CC)C>CCO>[Cl:1][C:2]1[N:7]=[C:6]([NH:10][C:11]2[CH:15]=[C:14]([CH:16]3[CH2:18][CH2:17]3)[NH:13][N:12]=2)[C:5]([Cl:9])=[CH:4][N:3]=1
Reactant: Nc1cc(C2CC2)[nH]n1
Reactant: Clc1ncc(Cl)c(Cl)n1
Solvent: CCO
Solvent: CCN(CC)CC
Product: Clc1ncc(Cl)c(Nc2cc(C3CC3)[nH]n2)n1
Yield: 69 %

Procedure:
A solution of 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (533 mg, 2.93 mmol), 3-amino-5-cyclopropyl-1H-pyrazole (360 mg, 2.93 mmol) and triethylamine (0.49 ml) in EtOH (5 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 10 hours. Solvent was removed and EtOAc was added. The solution was washed with water and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and was concentrated to give title compound as a white solid (546 mg, 69%). The compound was carried to the next step without further purification. 1H NMR δ 0.92 (m, 2H), 1.20 (m, 2H), 2.18 (m, 1H), 6.40 (s, 1H), 8.60 (s, 1H), 9.90 (s, 1H), 12.60 (s, 1H).
Reaction SMILES: [Cl:1][C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([CH:8]([C:10]2[CH:15]=[CH:14][C:13]([Cl:16])=[CH:12][CH:11]=2)O)=[CH:4][CH:3]=1.CN(C)C=O.S(Cl)([Cl:24])=O>ClCCl>[Cl:1][C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([CH:8]([Cl:24])[C:10]2[CH:15]=[CH:14][C:13]([Cl:16])=[CH:12][CH:11]=2)=[CH:4][CH:3]=1
Reactant: O=S(Cl)Cl
Reactant: OC(c1ccc(Cl)cc1)c1ccc(Cl)cc1
Solvent: CN(C)C=O
Solvent: ClCCl
Product: Clc1ccc(C(Cl)c2ccc(Cl)cc2)cc1
Temperature: 40 °C
Reaction time: 8 h
Yield: 89.8 %

Procedure:
A 1000 mL 3-necked round-bottom flask was charged with bis(4-chlorophenyl)methanol (49.6 g, 196 mmol, 1.00 equiv), N,N-dimethylformamide (5 mL), dichloromethane (100 mL). Liquid thionyl chloride (93.3 g, 790 mmol, 4.00 equiv) was added dropwise. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 40° C. in an oil bath. The resulting mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was chromatographed on a silica gel column with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/5) to provide 47.8 g (88% yield) of 1-chloro-4-[chloro(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]benzene as a gray solid. 1HNMR 300 MHz (CDCl3) δ 7.30-7.39 (m, 8H), 6.07 (s, 1H). GCMS (EI, m/z): 270 [M]+.
Reaction SMILES: C(N)(=O)C.C=O.O.[C:8]([OH:11])(=[O:10])[CH3:9].N(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O.[C:21]([NH:24][CH2:25][C:26]([OH:28])=[O:27])(=[O:23])[CH3:22]>CC(C)=O>[C:21]([N:24]([CH2:25][C:26]([OH:28])=[O:27])[CH2:9][C:8]([OH:11])=[O:10])(=[O:23])[CH3:22]
Reactant: CC(=O)NCC(=O)O
Reactant: CC(=O)O
Agent: C=O
Agent: CC(N)=O
Agent: O=C(O)CNCC(=O)O
Solvent: CC(C)=O
Solvent: O
Product: CC(=O)N(CC(=O)O)CC(=O)O
Temperature: 110 °C
Yield: 95 %

Procedure:
A 300 mL autoclave was charged with acetamide (VII) (11.8 g, 0.2 mole), 95% paraformaldehyde (13.6 g, 0.43 mole), water (12.9 g, 0.72 mole), acetic acid (2.1 g, 0.035 mole), acetone (90 mL) and Co2 (CO)8 (2.1 g, 0.006 mol) and pressurized to 3200 psi (22,069 kPa) CO:H2 (95:5) at 25° C. This mixture was heated to 110° C. for 30 min. HPLC analysis of this stream indicated a 95% yield of (XVI), 0.5% (XIV), and 4.5% (XVIII).
Reaction SMILES: [NH2:1][C:2]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][C:5]([C:6]([OH:8])=[O:7])=[CH:4][C:3]=1[CH3:11].[OH-].[Na+].Cl[C:15]([O:17][CH2:18][C:19]1[CH:24]=[CH:23][CH:22]=[CH:21][CH:20]=1)=[O:16].C(O)(=O)C>O>[CH2:18]([O:17][C:15]([NH:1][C:2]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][C:5]([C:6]([OH:8])=[O:7])=[CH:4][C:3]=1[CH3:11])=[O:16])[C:19]1[CH:24]=[CH:23][CH:22]=[CH:21][CH:20]=1
Reactant: O=C(Cl)OCc1ccccc1
Reactant: Cc1cc(C(=O)O)ccc1N
Agent: [Na+]
Agent: [OH-]
Solvent: CC(=O)O
Solvent: O
Product: Cc1cc(C(=O)O)ccc1NC(=O)OCc1ccccc1
Reaction time: 1 h
Yield: 68.1 %

Procedure:
A mixture of 4-amino-3-methylbenzoic acid (35.1 g, 232 mmol) in water (400 mL) was treated with 2.5N NaOH (200 mL, 500 mmol) and benzyl chloroformate (37.0 mL, 259 mmol). After 1 h, 150 mL water was added, the resulting mixture was treated with glacial acetic acid (15 mL) and the solids collected by filtration. The filter cake was rinsed with water and the resulting solid taken up in ethyl acetate/2-methyl tetrahydrofuran. The organic was washed with brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated. The resulting solid was dried under vacuum to give 45.1 g of the title compound. LCMS m/z=307.9 MH+, Rt=2.508 min.
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]([O:12][CH3:13])(=[O:11])[C:2]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][C:5]([C:6]([O-:8])=[O:7])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1.C(Cl)(=O)C([Cl:17])=O>CN(C=O)C.C1(C)C=CC=CC=1>[Cl-:17].[C:1]([O:12][CH3:13])(=[O:11])[C:2]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][C:5]([C:6]([O-:8])=[O:7])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1
Reactant: O=C(Cl)C(=O)Cl
Agent: COC(=O)c1ccc(C(=O)[O-])cc1
Solvent: CN(C)C=O
Solvent: Cc1ccccc1
Product: [Cl-]
Temperature: 45 °C
Reaction time: 16 h

Procedure:
To a stirred solution of mono-methyl terephthalate (1 equivalent), toluene (30 ml/gm of ester) and 3 drops of DMF was added dropwise oxalyl chloride (2.0 equivalents). The reaction mixture was stirred at 45° C. for 16 hours. The solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the desired product as a pale yellow solid. The product was used without further purification; yield 82.0%; m.p. 50°-52° C. IR (thin film); 2970, 1775, 1720, 1430, 1400, 1280, 1105, 880 cm-1.
Reaction SMILES: Cl[C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([Cl:8])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1.[Mg].Br[CH2:11][CH2:12][CH2:13][CH2:14][CH:15]=[CH2:16]>O1CCCC1>[CH2:16]([C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([Cl:8])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1)[CH2:15][CH2:14][CH2:13][CH:12]=[CH2:11]
Reactant: Clc1ccc(Cl)cc1
Reactant: C=CCCCCBr
Agent: [Mg]
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Product: C=CCCCCc1ccc(Cl)cc1
Temperature: 80 °C
Reaction time: 4 h
Yield: 40 %

Procedure:
A solution containing 294 g (2 mol) of 1,4-dichlorobenzene in 500 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise over a period of about 110 minutes under nitrogen at 80° C. to a stirred suspension containing 48.6 g (2.0 mol) of magnesium turnings. The mixture was subsequently heated for 2 hours at 80°-84° C., then decanted from the excess magnesium, and the resultant solution of the Grignard compound was added dropwise over a period of 30 minutes at 80° C. to a stirred solution containing 194 g (1.8 mol) of 6-bromo-1-hexene (Fluka GmbH, 7910 Neu-Ulm) in 200 ml of tetrahydrofuran. The mixture was then stirred for 4 hours at 80° C. and then poured onto ice. After acidification with hydrochloric acid, the mixture was extracted three times with a 1:1 mixture of diethyl ether/methyl tert-butyl ether, and the ether fractions were stirred thoroughly with activated charcoal and dried over sodium sulfate. The filtrate was evaporated, and the residue was fractionated. At a pressure of 13 hPa and a temperature of 116°-118° C., 156 g (corresponding to a yield of 40% of theory) of 4-(5-hexenyl)-1-chlorobenzene were obtained. 4-(8-Nonenyl)-1-chlorobenzene (b.p. 87° C. at 0.3 hPa), for example, can also be prepared in the same way.