Azzindani/Open_Reaction_Data huggingface dataset:
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]([O:5][C:6](=[O:30])[NH:7][C@@H:8]([CH2:26][CH:27]([CH3:29])[CH3:28])[CH2:9][O:10][C:11]1[CH:12]=[CH:13][C:14]2[C:24]3[C:19](=[CH:20][N:21]=[CH:22][CH:23]=3)[C:18](=[O:25])[O:17][C:15]=2[CH:16]=1)([CH3:4])([CH3:3])[CH3:2].C1C(=O)N([Br:38])C(=O)C1.O>C(#N)C>[C:1]([O:5][C:6](=[O:30])[NH:7][C@@H:8]([CH2:26][CH:27]([CH3:28])[CH3:29])[CH2:9][O:10][C:11]1[C:12]([Br:38])=[CH:13][C:14]2[C:24]3[C:19](=[CH:20][N:21]=[CH:22][CH:23]=3)[C:18](=[O:25])[O:17][C:15]=2[CH:16]=1)([CH3:4])([CH3:3])[CH3:2]
Reactant: CC(C)C[C@@H](COc1ccc2c(c1)oc(=O)c1cnccc12)NC(=O)OC(C)(C)C
Reactant: O=C1CCC(=O)N1Br
Solvent: O
Solvent: CC#N
Product: CC(C)C[C@@H](COc1cc2oc(=O)c3cnccc3c2cc1Br)NC(=O)OC(C)(C)C
Temperature: 80 °C
Yield: 67.4 %

Procedure:
To a stirred solution of (S)-tert-butyl(4-methyl-1-((5-oxo-5H-chromeno[3,4-c]pyridin-8-yl)oxy)pentan-2-yl)carbamate (0.100 g, 0.242 mmol) (prepared as described in Example 11, Part E) in anhydrous acetonitrile (2 mL) was added NBS (0.043 g, 0.242 mmol) and the mixture heated to 80° C. for 12 h. After completion of reaction, water (10 mL) was added and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×20 mL). The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford crude compound which was purified by preparative TLC to afford (S)-tert-butyl(1-((9-bromo-5-oxo-5H-chromeno[3,4-c]pyridin-8-yl)oxy)-4-methylpentan-2-yl)carbamate (80 mg, 0.163 mmol, 67% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS (ESI) m/e 491.2 [(M+H)+, calcd for C23H28BrN2O5491.1] LC/MS retention time (method F): tR=1.12 min.
Reaction SMILES: [Br:1][C:2]1[CH:9]=[C:6]([CH:7]=[O:8])[C:5]([OH:10])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1.[Cl:11]Cl>C(O)(=O)C>[Cl:11][C:4]1[C:5]([OH:10])=[C:6]([CH:9]=[C:2]([Br:1])[CH:3]=1)[CH:7]=[O:8]
Reactant: ClCl
Reactant: O=Cc1cc(Br)ccc1O
Solvent: CC(=O)O
Product: O=Cc1cc(Br)cc(Cl)c1O

Procedure:
Scheme II illustrates methodology useful for preparing the ethyl N-gly-amino-3-(3,5-dihalo-2-hydroxy)phenyl propionate portion of the αvβ3 integrin antagonist which can be coupled to the tetrahydropyrimidinobenzoic acid moiety. Briefly, 3,5-halo substituted salicylaldehydes may be prepared by direct halogenation as, for example, would be the case where 5-bromosalicylaldehyde is slurried in acetic acid and an equivalent or more of chlorine is added to yield 3-chloro-5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Some product precipitates and can be recovered by filtration. The remainder may be recovered by diluting the filtrate with water and isolating the precipitate. Combining the solids and drying gives 3-chloro-5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. 3-iodo-5-chlorosalicylaldehyde may be prepared by reacting 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde with N-iodosuccinimide in DMF and subjecting the reaction mixture to usual work-up conditions. 3-iodo-5-bromosalicylaldehyde may be prepared by reacting 5-bromosalicylaldehyde in acetonitrile with potassium iodide and chloramine T. Work-up gives a material that when treated with hexanes gives the desired 3-iodo-5-chlorosalicylaldehyde.
Reaction SMILES: [F:1][C:2]1[CH:9]=[CH:8][C:5]([C:6]#[N:7])=[C:4]([O:10][CH3:11])[CH:3]=1.[ClH:12].[H][H]>C(O)C.[Pd]>[ClH:12].[F:1][C:2]1[CH:9]=[CH:8][C:5]([CH2:6][NH2:7])=[C:4]([O:10][CH3:11])[CH:3]=1
Reactant: [H][H]
Reactant: COc1cc(F)ccc1C#N
Agent: [Pd]
Agent: Cl
Solvent: CCO
Product: COc1cc(F)ccc1CN
Reaction time: 40 h
Yield: 88.1 %

Procedure:
To a mixture of intermediate 127, 4-fluoro-2-methoxybenzonitrile, (800 mg, 5.3 mmol) and conc.HCl (0.53 mL, 6.36 mmol, 1.2 eq.) in ethanol (20 mL) was added 10% Pd—C (100 mg; Aldrich), and the mixture hydrogenated at 1 atm hydrogen for 15 hrs at room temperature. To this mixture was added an additional amount of conc.HCl (1 mL) and 10% Pd—C (200 mg) and the reaction allowed to continue for another 40 hrs. The mixture was filtered through Celite and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo to dryness. The residue was triturated with ether to provide the title compound (895 mg, Yield 88%) as a white powder: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 500 MHz) δ ppm: 3.84 (3H, s, OMe), 3.91 (2H, d, J=5.5 Hz, N—CH2), 6.81 (1H, dt, J=2.5 Hz, J=J=8.5 Hz, Ar—H), 6.99 (1H, dd, J=2.5 Hz, J=11.3 Hz, Ar—H), 7.47 (1H, dd, J=7 Hz, J=8.5 Hz, Ar—H); 3C NMR (CDCl3, 125.8 Hz) δ ppm: 36.76, 56.03, 99.30, 99.51 106.28, 106.45, 117.93, 117.95, 131.60, 131.69, 158.56, 158.64, 162.28, 164.22. HRMS (ESI) calcd for C8H11FNO (M+H) 156.0825, found 156.0830.
Reaction SMILES: Cl[CH2:2][CH:3]([OH:6])[CH2:4][OH:5].O.[OH-].[Na+].[C:10]1([CH3:20])[CH:15]=[CH:14][C:13]([S:16](Cl)(=[O:18])=[O:17])=[CH:12][CH:11]=1>C1(C)C=CC=CC=1>[S:16]([C:13]1[CH:14]=[CH:15][C:10]([CH3:20])=[CH:11][CH:12]=1)([O:5][CH2:4][CH:3]1[O:6][CH2:2]1)(=[O:18])=[O:17]
Reactant: Cc1ccc(S(=O)(=O)Cl)cc1
Reactant: OCC(O)CCl
Agent: [Na+]
Agent: [OH-]
Solvent: O
Solvent: Cc1ccccc1
Product: Cc1ccc(S(=O)(=O)OCC2CO2)cc1
Reaction time: 1 h
Yield: 68.1 %

Procedure:
To a solution of 10 g of 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol (0.09 mol) and 40 ml of water, was added dropwise at 24-26° C. 16.6 g of 24% sodium hydroxide (0.1 mol). The solution was stirred for one hour. The solution was cooled and thereto 0.17 g of N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (0.0014 mol) and 17.2 g of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (0.09 mol) in 50 ml of toluene, and then 16.6 g of 24% sodium hydroxide (0.1 mol) were added under stirring at 0-5° C. And the solution was stirred for one hour. After separation with a separating funnel, the organic layer was washed with 50 ml of 1% hydrochloric acid and 50 ml of water. The excess solvent was removed under vacuo. The chemical purity by HPLC at that time was 98.3%. The residue was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol/hexane=1/1 (V/V) to give 14.0 g of glycidyl tosylate. Chemical purity: 99.6% (yield: 68%)
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]([O:5][C:6]([N:8]1[C@@H:16]2[C@@H:11]([CH2:12][CH2:13][CH2:14][CH2:15]2)[CH2:10][C@H:9]1[C:17](O)=[O:18])=[O:7])([CH3:4])([CH3:3])[CH3:2].C(Cl)(=O)OCC(C)C.[NH2:28][C:29]1[CH:33]=[C:32]([Br:34])[S:31][C:30]=1[C:35]([NH2:37])=[O:36].C(=O)([O-])O.[Na+]>O1CCCC1.C(OCC)(=O)C.C(N(CC)CC)C>[Br:34][C:32]1[S:31][C:30]([C:35](=[O:36])[NH2:37])=[C:29]([NH:28][C:17]([C@@H:9]2[CH2:10][C@H:11]3[C@H:16]([CH2:15][CH2:14][CH2:13][CH2:12]3)[N:8]2[C:6]([O:5][C:1]([CH3:4])([CH3:3])[CH3:2])=[O:7])=[O:18])[CH:33]=1
Reactant: CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1[C@H](C(=O)O)C[C@@H]2CCCC[C@@H]21
Reactant: NC(=O)c1sc(Br)cc1N
Agent: CC(C)COC(=O)Cl
Agent: O=C([O-])O
Agent: [Na+]
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Solvent: CCN(CC)CC
Solvent: CCOC(C)=O
Product: CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1[C@H](C(=O)Nc2cc(Br)sc2C(N)=O)C[C@@H]2CCCC[C@@H]21
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 0.5 h
Yield: 64.6 %

Procedure:
To a solution of (2S,3aS,7aS)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl) octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid (638 mg) and triethylamine (0.392 mL) in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) was added 2-methylpropyl chlorocarbonate (0.324 mL) at 0° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Thereafter, to the reaction system was added a solution of 3-amino-5-bromothiophene-2-carboxamide (250 mg) produced in Example 1, step D, in tetrahydrofuran (5 mL), and the mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 26 hr. Ethyl acetate (20 mL) and aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate (10 mL) were added to the reaction mixture, and the separated aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (5 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (5 mL) and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Insoluble material was filtered off, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate/hexane), and the object fraction was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (345 mg) as a pale-yellow amorphous solid.
Reaction SMILES: C1C=CC2N(O)N=NC=2C=1.CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C.Cl.[CH3:23][C:24]1[O:25][C:26]([C:29]2[C:37]([O:38][CH3:39])=[CH:36][C:32]([C:33]([OH:35])=O)=[CH:31][C:30]=2[O:40][CH3:41])=[CH:27][N:28]=1.Cl.[NH:43]1[C:47]([C:48]2[CH:49]=[C:50]3[C:60](=[CH:61][CH:62]=2)[O:59][C:53]2([CH2:58][CH2:57][NH:56][CH2:55][CH2:54]2)[CH2:52][C:51]3=[O:63])=[N:46][N:45]=[N:44]1>O.CN(C=O)C.CCN(CC)CC>[CH3:23][C:24]1[O:25][C:26]([C:29]2[C:30]([O:40][CH3:41])=[CH:31][C:32]([C:33]([N:56]3[CH2:57][CH2:58][C:53]4([CH2:52][C:51](=[O:63])[C:50]5[C:60](=[CH:61][CH:62]=[C:48]([C:47]6[NH:46][N:45]=[N:44][N:43]=6)[CH:49]=5)[O:59]4)[CH2:54][CH2:55]3)=[O:35])=[CH:36][C:37]=2[O:38][CH3:39])=[CH:27][N:28]=1
Reactant: COc1cc(C(=O)O)cc(OC)c1-c1cnc(C)o1
Reactant: O=C1CC2(CCNCC2)Oc2ccc(-c3nnn[nH]3)cc21
Agent: CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C
Agent: Cl
Agent: On1nnc2ccccc21
Solvent: O
Solvent: CN(C)C=O
Solvent: CCN(CC)CC
Product: COc1cc(C(=O)N2CCC3(CC2)CC(=O)c2cc(-c4nnn[nH]4)ccc2O3)cc(OC)c1-c1cnc(C)o1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 8 h

Procedure:
Et3N (28 μL), HOBT (15 mg) and WSC hydrochloride (19 mg) were added to a DMF (3 mL) solution of 4-(2-methyl-1,3-oxazol-5-yl)-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid (22 mg) and 6-(tetrazol-5-yl)spiro[chroman-2,4′-piperidin]-4-one hydrochloride (32 mg), and stirred overnight at room temperature. Water was added to the reaction liquid, the formed solid was taken out through filtration, and the solid was washed with water and ether. The solid was dried under reduced pressure to obtain the title compound. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 8.42 (1H, d, J=4.0 Hz), 8.23 (1H, dd, J=8.0, 4.0 Hz), 7.32 (1H, d, J=8.0 Hz), 7.08 (1H, s), 6.75 (2H, s), 4.32-4.18 (1H, m), 3.79 (6H, s), 3.64-3.20 (3H, m), 2.97 (2H, s), 2.41 (3H, s), 2.10-1.75 (4H, m). MS [M+H]+=531.
Reaction SMILES: [N:1]1[CH:6]=[CH:5][CH:4]=[C:3]([C:7]([C:9](=[CH2:15])[CH2:10][C:11]([O:13][CH3:14])=[O:12])=[O:8])[CH:2]=1.[CH3:16][NH:17][C:18](=[O:21])[CH2:19][SH:20].[N-]=C=O>ClCCl.C(N(CC)CC)C>[CH3:16][NH:17][C:18]([CH2:19][S:20][CH2:15][CH:9]([C:7](=[O:8])[C:3]1[CH:2]=[N:1][CH:6]=[CH:5][CH:4]=1)[CH2:10][C:11]([O:13][CH3:14])=[O:12])=[O:21]
Reactant: C=C(CC(=O)OC)C(=O)c1cccnc1
Reactant: CNC(=O)CS
Agent: [N-]=C=O
Solvent: CCN(CC)CC
Solvent: ClCCl
Product: CNC(=O)CSCC(CC(=O)OC)C(=O)c1cccnc1
Reaction time: 24 h

Procedure:
A solution of methyl 3-(3-pyridylcarbonyl)but-3-enoate in dichloromethane (0.5 mL, 0.1 mM), triethylamine in dichloromethane (0.5 mL, 0.1 mM) and N-methyl-2-sulfanylacetamide (0.6 mL, 0.12 mmol) was stirred for 24 h. PS isocyanate resin (60 mg) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred for 24 h. The solution was filtered and concentrated to give the title compound in quantitative yield, ESMS, (M+1)+311.
Reaction SMILES: [CH3:1][C:2]1[NH:3][C:4]2[C:9]([C:10]=1[C:11]([O:13][C:14]([CH3:17])([CH3:16])[CH3:15])=[O:12])=[CH:8][CH:7]=[CH:6][CH:5]=2.Cl[CH:19]([CH3:23])[C:20](=[O:22])[CH3:21].C(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+].[I-].[K+]>C(#N)C.O>[CH3:1][C:2]1[N:3]([CH:19]([C:20](=[O:22])[CH3:21])[CH3:23])[C:4]2[C:9]([C:10]=1[C:11]([O:13][C:14]([CH3:17])([CH3:16])[CH3:15])=[O:12])=[CH:8][CH:7]=[CH:6][CH:5]=2
Reactant: Cc1[nH]c2ccccc2c1C(=O)OC(C)(C)C
Reactant: CC(=O)C(C)Cl
Agent: O=C([O-])[O-]
Agent: [I-]
Agent: [K+]
Solvent: O
Solvent: CC#N
Product: CC(=O)C(C)n1c(C)c(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)c2ccccc21
Temperature: 90 °C
Reaction time: 8 h
Yield: 23 %

Procedure:
To a solution of tert-butyl 2-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylate (2 g, 8.65 mmol) and 3-chlorobutan-2-one (1.1 g, 10.38 mmol) in acetonitrile (18 mL) were added potassium carbonate (3.2 g, 25.8 mmol) and potassium iodide (1.4 g, 8.65 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 90° C. overnight. To the reaction mixture was added water (20 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL×4). The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The crude product was purified by silica gel column (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate 100:1 to 80:1) to give tert-butyl 2-methyl-1-(3-oxobutan-2-yl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylate (600 mg, yield: 23%) as a yellow oil. LRMS (M+H+) m/z: calcd 301.17. found 302.
Reaction SMILES: F[C:2]1[C:7]([F:8])=[C:6]([F:9])[C:5](F)=[C:4]([F:11])[C:3]=1[F:12].[C:13]1([OH:23])[C:22]2[C:17](=[CH:18][CH:19]=[CH:20][CH:21]=2)[CH:16]=[CH:15][CH:14]=1.[C:24](=[O:27])([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+]>CC(N(C)C)=O>[C:13]1([O:23][C:2]2[C:3]([F:12])=[C:4]([F:11])[C:5]([O:27][C:24]3[C:22]4[C:17](=[CH:16][CH:15]=[CH:14][CH:13]=4)[CH:18]=[CH:19][CH:20]=3)=[C:6]([F:9])[C:7]=2[F:8])[C:22]2[C:17](=[CH:18][CH:19]=[CH:20][CH:21]=2)[CH:16]=[CH:15][CH:14]=1
Reactant: Fc1c(F)c(F)c(F)c(F)c1F
Reactant: Oc1cccc2ccccc12
Reactant: O=C([O-])[O-]
Agent: [K+]
Solvent: CC(=O)N(C)C
Product: Fc1c(F)c(Oc2cccc3ccccc23)c(F)c(F)c1Oc1cccc2ccccc12
Temperature: 140 °C

Procedure:
The monomer 1,4-bis(1-naphthoxy)tetrafluorobenzene (4FNE) was prepared as follows. A 100 mL round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer was charged with hexafluorobenzene (3.53 g, 0.0190 mole), 1-naphthol, and DMAc (50 mL). After the solids dissolved, potassium carbonate (6.50 g, 0.048 mole) was added and the mixture was heated at about 140 ° C. for 2 hr. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, filtered, and poured into toluene (150 mL). The toluene solution was washed twice with water (2×150 mL) and concentrated by rotary evaporation to yield an off-white powder (7.91 g). Analysis of the powder by GC showed a mixture of isomers (2% ortho, 8% meta, and 90% para). The powder was recrystallized from a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and water to yield the desired all-para 4FNE, GC/MS (m+ /e 434).
Reaction SMILES: C[O:2][C:3]([C:5]1([C:8]([F:23])([F:22])[CH2:9][CH2:10][CH2:11][CH2:12][CH2:13][O:14][C:15]2[CH:20]=[CH:19][C:18]([Cl:21])=[CH:17][CH:16]=2)[CH2:7][O:6]1)=[O:4].[OH-].[Na+:25]>C(O)C.O>[Na+:25].[Cl:21][C:18]1[CH:19]=[CH:20][C:15]([O:14][CH2:13][CH2:12][CH2:11][CH2:10][CH2:9][C:8]([C:5]2([C:3]([O-:4])=[O:2])[CH2:7][O:6]2)([F:22])[F:23])=[CH:16][CH:17]=1
Reactant: COC(=O)C1(C(F)(F)CCCCCOc2ccc(Cl)cc2)CO1
Agent: [Na+]
Agent: [OH-]
Solvent: CCO
Solvent: O
Product: O=C([O-])C1(C(F)(F)CCCCCOc2ccc(Cl)cc2)CO1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 3 h
Yield: 81 %

Procedure:
A solution of 348 mg (1 mmol) of 2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1,1-difluorohexyl]-2-oxiranecarboxylic acid methyl ester of Example 7 in 10 ml of 95% ethanol is treated with a solution of 40 mg (1 mmol) of sodium hydroxide in 5 ml of water. The solution is stirred at room temperature for 3 hours and is then rotoevaporated. The obtained solid is triturated two times with ethyl ether and the solvent is removed to give 289 mg (77.1%) of the title compound: m.p. 140°-153° C.; IR (KBr) 1645; 1618 cm-1 ; NMR (d6 -DMSO) δ 1.46 (4H, m), 1.73 (2H, p, J=7 Hz), 2.42 (2H, m), 2.70 (1H, d, J=7 Hz), 2.76 (1H, d, J=7 Hz), 3.98 (2H, t, J=7 Hz), 7.00 (2H, d, J=10 Hz) and 7.36 (2H, d, J=10 Hz).
Reaction SMILES: [OH:1][CH2:2][CH2:3][O:4][C:5]([NH:7][CH2:8][CH2:9][N:10]([C:20]1[N:25]=[C:24]([N:26]([CH2:36][CH2:37][NH:38][C:39]([O:41][CH2:42][CH2:43][OH:44])=[O:40])[CH2:27][CH2:28][NH:29][C:30]([O:32][CH2:33][CH2:34][OH:35])=[O:31])[N:23]=[C:22](Cl)[N:21]=1)[CH2:11][CH2:12][NH:13][C:14]([O:16][CH2:17][CH2:18][OH:19])=[O:15])=[O:6].[C:46](=[O:49])([OH:48])[O-].[Na+]>C(O)CO>[OH:1][CH2:2][CH2:3][O:4][C:5]([NH:7][CH2:8][CH2:9][N:10]([CH2:11][CH2:12][NH:13][C:14]([O:16][CH2:17][CH2:18][OH:19])=[O:15])[C:20]1[N:25]=[C:24]([N:26]([CH2:36][CH2:37][NH:38][C:39]([O:41][CH2:42][CH2:43][OH:44])=[O:40])[CH2:27][CH2:28][NH:29][C:30]([O:32][CH2:33][CH2:34][OH:35])=[O:31])[N:23]=[C:22]([N:10]([CH2:9][CH2:8][NH:7][C:5]([O:4][CH2:3][CH2:2][OH:1])=[O:6])[CH2:11][CH2:12][NH:13][C:46]([O:48][CH2:18][CH2:17][OH:16])=[O:49])[N:21]=1)=[O:6]
Reactant: O=C(NCCN(CCNC(=O)OCCO)c1nc(Cl)nc(N(CCNC(=O)OCCO)CCNC(=O)OCCO)n1)OCCO
Reactant: O=C([O-])O
Agent: [Na+]
Solvent: OCCO
Product: O=C(NCCN(CCNC(=O)OCCO)c1nc(N(CCNC(=O)OCCO)CCNC(=O)OCCO)nc(N(CCNC(=O)OCCO)CCNC(=O)OCCO)n1)OCCO
Temperature: 115 °C

Procedure:
To 6.7 g of (I) (Example 1, TECT) were added 2.8 g HEC, 0.84 g sodium bicarbonate and 25 g ethylene glycol. The reaction mixture was then heated to 115° C. in an oil bath for 4 hours, after which most of the HEC had reacted with TECT as indicated by amine titration of the reaction mixture. Ethylene glycol was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was poured into methanol. Separated solids were filtered and recrystallized from methanol. Yield 5.6 g (60% of theoretical), m.p. 192° C. The nmr and fab mass spectra confirmed the product to be of FORMULA II: ##STR20##
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]([C:3]1[NH:7][C:6]([C:8]2[C:13]([Cl:14])=[CH:12][C:11]([C:15]([F:18])([F:17])[F:16])=[CH:10][C:9]=2[Cl:19])=[N:5][C:4]=1[C:20]([OH:22])=O)#[N:2].[F-].[K+].[CH2:25]([NH:27][CH2:28][CH3:29])[CH3:26]>COCCOCCOC.ClCCl>[CH2:25]([N:27]([CH2:28][CH3:29])[C:20]([C:4]1[N:5]=[C:6]([C:8]2[C:13]([Cl:14])=[CH:12][C:11]([C:15]([F:16])([F:18])[F:17])=[CH:10][C:9]=2[Cl:19])[NH:7][C:3]=1[C:1]#[N:2])=[O:22])[CH3:26]
Reactant: N#Cc1[nH]c(-c2c(Cl)cc(C(F)(F)F)cc2Cl)nc1C(=O)O
Reactant: CCNCC
Agent: [F-]
Agent: [K+]
Solvent: COCCOCCOC
Solvent: ClCCl
Product: CCN(CC)C(=O)c1nc(-c2c(Cl)cc(C(F)(F)F)cc2Cl)[nH]c1C#N
Temperature: 0 °C
Reaction time: 0.5 h
Yield: 16 %

Procedure:
5-cyano-2-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid (1.4 g, 0.004 mol) in 2-methoxyethyl ether (11 ml) whilst maintaining the temperature at about 0° C. Potassium fluoride (0.67 g, 0.0115 mol) was added and the mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 0.5 hours, and added slowly to a solution of diethylamine (8.8 g, 12.5 ml, 0.12 mol) in dichloromethane (75 ml) whilst maintaining the temperature in the range 0°-5° C. The mixture was stirred at 0°-5° C. for 1 hour and at room temperature for 0.5 hours. The mixture was washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (50 ml), dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by mplc on silica eluting with a mixture of ethyl acetate and dichloromethane (1:2) to give N,N-diethyl 5-cyano-2-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (0.26 g) m.p. 195°- 197° C. as an off-white solid.
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]([C@H:3]1[CH2:8][CH2:7][C@H:6]2[C@H:9]3[C@H:19]([CH2:20][CH2:21][C@:4]12[CH3:5])[C@:17]1([CH3:18])[C@H:12]([CH2:13][C:14](=[O:22])[CH2:15][CH2:16]1)[CH2:11][CH2:10]3)#[N:2].C(O)(C)C.C(N(CC)CC)C>O>[C:1]([C@H:3]1[CH2:8][CH2:7][C@H:6]2[C@H:9]3[C@H:19]([CH2:20][CH2:21][C@:4]12[CH3:5])[C@:17]1([CH3:18])[C@H:12]([CH2:13][C@H:14]([OH:22])[CH2:15][CH2:16]1)[CH2:11][CH2:10]3)#[N:2]
Reactant: C[C@]12CCC(=O)C[C@@H]1CC[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H](C#N)CC[C@@H]12
Solvent: O
Solvent: CC(C)O
Solvent: CCN(CC)CC
Product: C[C@]12CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1CC[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H](C#N)CC[C@@H]12

Procedure:
A solution of 17β-cyano-5α-androstan-3-one (1.0 g.) in the minimum volume of isopropanol (ca. 75 ml.) was added to a stock solution of chloroiridic acid/trimethyl phosphite complex (50 ml.) preneutralised to pH4 with triethylamine (4 ml.). This solution, after being refluxed for 20 hours, was poured into water (200 ml.) and extracted with chloroform. The chloroform solution was washed with water, dried (MgSO4), filtered and evaporated to a gum (1.13 g.). This was subjected to preparative t.l.c. eluting successively with ethanol/chloroform (1:49) and ethyl acetate/benzene (1:19). The main band was removed between the eluant change and the final elution was repeated four times before removing the main band. This gave pure title compound (195 mg.) as a white solid; m.p. 156°-159°; [α]D + 56° (c 0.4%).
Reaction SMILES: [Br:1][C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([CH2:8][C:9]([OH:11])=[O:10])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1.C([O-])([O-])=O.[Cs+].[Cs+].[CH2:18](Br)[C:19]1[CH:24]=[CH:23][CH:22]=[CH:21][CH:20]=1>CN(C=O)C>[CH2:18]([O:10][C:9](=[O:11])[CH2:8][C:5]1[CH:4]=[CH:3][C:2]([Br:1])=[CH:7][CH:6]=1)[C:19]1[CH:24]=[CH:23][CH:22]=[CH:21][CH:20]=1
Reactant: O=C(O)Cc1ccc(Br)cc1
Reactant: BrCc1ccccc1
Agent: O=C([O-])[O-]
Agent: [Cs+]
Solvent: CN(C)C=O
Product: O=C(Cc1ccc(Br)cc1)OCc1ccccc1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 8 h

Procedure:
To a stirred solution of 4-bromophenyl acetic acid (7.5 g, 35.0 mmol) in DMF (60 mL) at rt were added Cs2CO3 (12.41 g, 38.15 mmol) and benzyl bromide (6.77 g, 39.6 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature, and then at 100° C. for 1 h and cooled to rt. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and poured into cold 1 N HCl (50 mL). The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (2×100 mL) and the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was recrystallized from hexanes to afford (4-bromo-phenyl) acetic acid benzyl ester as a white solid. (10.65 g, 100%): 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.42 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.25-7.34 m, 5H), 7.14 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 5.12 (s, 2H), 3.61 (s, 2H); TLC conditions: Uniplate silica gel, 250 microns; mobile phase=ethyl acetate-hexanes (1:5); Rf=0.8.
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]1([CH2:7][CH2:8][CH2:9][CH2:10][CH2:11][CH2:12][CH2:13][CH2:14][NH2:15])[CH:6]=[CH:5][CH:4]=[CH:3][CH:2]=1.[Li]CCCC.C([O:23][C:24](=O)[C:25]1[CH:30]=[C:29]([C:31]2[CH:36]=[CH:35][CH:34]=[C:33]([Cl:37])[CH:32]=2)[C:28]([O:38][CH2:39][CH2:40][OH:41])=[C:27]([C:42]2[CH:47]=[CH:46][CH:45]=[C:44]([Cl:48])[CH:43]=2)[CH:26]=1)C>C1COCC1>[C:1]1([CH2:7][CH2:8][CH2:9][CH2:10][CH2:11][CH2:12][CH2:13][CH2:14][NH:15][C:24](=[O:23])[C:25]2[CH:26]=[C:27]([C:42]3[CH:47]=[CH:46][CH:45]=[C:44]([Cl:48])[CH:43]=3)[C:28]([O:38][CH2:39][CH2:40][OH:41])=[C:29]([C:31]3[CH:36]=[CH:35][CH:34]=[C:33]([Cl:37])[CH:32]=3)[CH:30]=2)[CH:6]=[CH:5][CH:4]=[CH:3][CH:2]=1
Reactant: CCOC(=O)c1cc(-c2cccc(Cl)c2)c(OCCO)c(-c2cccc(Cl)c2)c1
Reactant: NCCCCCCCCc1ccccc1
Agent: [Li]CCCC
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Product: O=C(NCCCCCCCCc1ccccc1)c1cc(-c2cccc(Cl)c2)c(OCCO)c(-c2cccc(Cl)c2)c1
Temperature: 0 °C
Reaction time: 0.08 h
Yield: 65 %

Procedure:
To a flamed dried round bottom flask with 8-phenyloctyl amine (0.484 mL, 2.43 mmol) and THF (5 mL) cooled to 0° C. was added n-BuLi (0.972 mL, 2.5 M in hexane, 2.43 mmol) dropwise over a 5 min. period. The resulting solution was allowed to stir 5 min. and then warmed to room temperature for 30 min. This solution was then added dropwise to a solution of 3,5-bis-(m-chlorophenyl)-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzoic acid ethyl ester (0.300 g, 0.696 mmol) in THF (15 mL) at −20° C. This final mixture was stirred at −20° C. for 15 min and then warmed to room temperature for 15 min. At this point, the reaction mixture was quenched with H2O (10 mL) and diluted with EtOAc (200 mL). The organic layer was washed with 1 N HCl (20 mL), sat. aq. NaHCO3 (20 mL), and brine (20 mL) and then dried (MgSO4). After concentration, the residue was purified by the Biotage Flash 40 (20 to 40% EtOAc/petroleum ether gradient) to afford the product (0.267 g, 65%) as a clear oil; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 1.09-1.48 (m, 9H), 1.48-1.72 (m, 4H), 2.58 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.30-3.35 (m, 2H), 3.35-3.41 (m, 2H), 3.46 (dd, J=6.8, 13.0 Hz, 2H), 6.07-6.18 (m, 1H), 7.11-7.19 (m, 3H), 7.21-7.31 (m, 2H), 7.35-7.44 (m, 4H), 7.44-7.57 (m, 2H), 7.63 (s, 2H), 7.77 (s, 2H); mass spectrum [(+) ESI], m/z 590 (M)+.
Reaction SMILES: CC1C=CC(S(O[C:12]2[C:17]([N+:18]([O-:20])=[O:19])=[CH:16][C:15]([Br:21])=[CH:14][N:13]=2)(=O)=O)=CC=1.[CH2:22]([O:29][C:30]1[CH:36]=[CH:35][C:33]([NH2:34])=[CH:32][CH:31]=1)[C:23]1[CH:28]=[CH:27][CH:26]=[CH:25][CH:24]=1.C(N(CC)CC)C>C1(C)C=CC=CC=1.C(Cl)Cl>[CH2:22]([O:29][C:30]1[CH:31]=[CH:32][C:33]([NH:34][C:12]2[C:17]([N+:18]([O-:20])=[O:19])=[CH:16][C:15]([Br:21])=[CH:14][N:13]=2)=[CH:35][CH:36]=1)[C:23]1[CH:24]=[CH:25][CH:26]=[CH:27][CH:28]=1
Reactant: Nc1ccc(OCc2ccccc2)cc1
Reactant: Cc1ccc(S(=O)(=O)Oc2ncc(Br)cc2[N+](=O)[O-])cc1
Solvent: CCN(CC)CC
Solvent: ClCCl
Solvent: Cc1ccccc1
Product: O=[N+]([O-])c1cc(Br)cnc1Nc1ccc(OCc2ccccc2)cc1
Temperature: 110 °C

Procedure:
5-Bromo-3-nitropyridin-2-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (38.2 g, 0.102 mmol) and 4-benzyloxyaniline (24.13 g, 0.102 mmol) were suspended in 900 mL of toluene under N2, treated with triethylamine (14.27 mL, 0.102 mmol) and the mixture heated at 110° C. for 16 h. Then, the reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2 (1 L), washed with 2M HCl (aq) (4×500 mL) and brine (500 mL), and the combined organic extracts dried over Na2SO4 and then concentrated in vacuo. The crude product thus isolated was crystallized twice from ethanol to yield N-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-5-bromo-3-nitropyridin-2-amine. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 5.11 (s, 2H), 7.04 (d, 2H, J=9.2 Hz), 7.34-7.50 (m, 7H), 8.48 (d, 1H, J=2.4 Hz), 8.66 (d, 1H, J=2.4 Hz), 9.94 (bs, 1H).