Azzindani/Open_Reaction_Data huggingface dataset:
Reaction SMILES: [CH:1]([C:3]1[S:7][C:6]([C:8]2[CH:13]=[CH:12][CH:11]=[CH:10][CH:9]=2)=[CH:5][CH:4]=1)=O.[Cl:14][C:15]1[CH:20]=[CH:19][C:18]([CH:21](P(=O)(OCC)OCC)[Cl:22])=[CH:17][CH:16]=1.C[O-].[Na+]>CN(C)C=O>[C:8]1([C:6]2[S:7][C:3]([CH:1]=[C:21]([Cl:22])[C:18]3[CH:19]=[CH:20][C:15]([Cl:14])=[CH:16][CH:17]=3)=[CH:4][CH:5]=2)[CH:13]=[CH:12][CH:11]=[CH:10][CH:9]=1
Reactant: O=Cc1ccc(-c2ccccc2)s1
Reactant: CCOP(=O)(OCC)C(Cl)c1ccc(Cl)cc1
Agent: C[O-]
Agent: [Na+]
Solvent: CN(C)C=O
Product: ClC(=Cc1ccc(-c2ccccc2)s1)c1ccc(Cl)cc1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 18 h
Yield: 86.3 %

Procedure:
A solution of 1.3 grams (0.007 mole) of 5-formyl-2-phenylthiophene and 2.0 grams (0.007 mole) of diethyl (4-chlorophenyl)chloromethylphosphonate in 30 mL of dimethylformamide was stirred, and 0.5 gram (0.009 mole) of sodium methoxide was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours, and then was quenched with an aqueous solution saturated with ammonium chloride. The reaction mixture was cooled and filtered to collect a solid. The solid was dried to yield 2.0 grams of 1-(5-phenylthien-2-yl)-2-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethene. The intermediate ethene, 1.2 grams (0.004 mole), was treated with 0.6 gram (0.005 mole) of potassium tert-butoxide in 20 mL of tetrahydrofuran. The reaction mixture was heated under reflux for four hours and then was allowed to cool to ambient temperature during a 16 hour period. An excess of aqueous 1.2N hydrochloric acid was slowly added to the reaction mixture, followed by an excess of an aqueous solution saturated with ammonium chloride. The reaction mixture was cooled, and a solid was collected by filtration. The solid was dried to yield 1.1 grams of 1-(5 -phenylthien-2-yl)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyne; m.p. 141°-145° C. The nmr spectrum was consistent with the proposed structure.
Reaction SMILES: [O:1]=[C:2]1[C:10]2([CH2:14][O:13][C:12]3[CH:15]=[C:16]4[C:20](=[CH:21][C:11]2=3)[CH2:19][CH2:18][O:17]4)[C:9]2[C:4](=[CH:5][CH:6]=[CH:7][CH:8]=2)[N:3]1[CH2:22][C:23]1[CH:24]=[C:25]([CH:31]=[CH:32][CH:33]=1)[O:26][CH2:27][C:28](O)=[O:29].C(Cl)(=O)C([Cl:37])=O>C(Cl)(Cl)Cl.CN(C)C=O>[O:1]=[C:2]1[C:10]2([CH2:14][O:13][C:12]3[CH:15]=[C:16]4[C:20](=[CH:21][C:11]2=3)[CH2:19][CH2:18][O:17]4)[C:9]2[C:4](=[CH:5][CH:6]=[CH:7][CH:8]=2)[N:3]1[CH2:22][C:23]1[CH:24]=[C:25]([CH:31]=[CH:32][CH:33]=1)[O:26][CH2:27][C:28]([Cl:37])=[O:29]
Reactant: O=C(O)COc1cccc(CN2C(=O)C3(COc4cc5c(cc43)CCO5)c3ccccc32)c1
Reactant: O=C(Cl)C(=O)Cl
Solvent: CN(C)C=O
Solvent: ClC(Cl)Cl
Product: O=C(Cl)COc1cccc(CN2C(=O)C3(COc4cc5c(cc43)CCO5)c3ccccc32)c1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 2 h

Procedure:
To a stirred solution of {3-[(2′-oxo-5,6-dihydrospiro[benzo[1,2-b:5,4-b′]difuran-3,3′-indol]-1′(2′H)-yl)methyl]phenoxy}acetic acid (0.22 g, 0.5 mmol) in dry chloroform (5 mL) was added at ambient temperature oxalyl chloride (0.43 mL, 5.0 mmol) followed by 1 drop of N,N-dimethylformamide. The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 h and evaporated to dryness in vacuo to afford crude {3-[(2′-oxo-5,6-dihydrospiro[benzo[1,2-b:5,4-b′]difuran-3,3′-indol]-1′(2′H)-yl)methyl]phenoxy}acetyl chloride. The crude product was dissolved in dry dichloromethane (5 mL), and used in the next step. To a solution of methylamine hydrochloride (0.07 mg, 1.0 mmol) in dry dichloromethane (5 mL) containing triethylamine (0.35 mL, 2.5 mmol) was added at 0° C. 5.0 mL (0.50 mmol) of the stock solution of {3-[(2′-oxo-5,6-dihydrospiro[benzo[1,2-b:5,4-b′]difuran-3,3′-indol]-1′(2′H)-yl)methyl]phenoxy}acetyl chloride. The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 16 h, diluted with dichloromethane (20 mL), washed with 7% aqueous solution of citric acid (10 mL), water (10 mL), and brine (10 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (hexanes/ethyl acetate 1:3) to afford N-methyl-2-{3-[(2′-oxo-5,6-dihydrospiro[benzo[1,2-b:5,4-b′]difuran-3,3′-indol]-1′(2′H)-yl)methyl]phenoxy}acetamide (0.09 g, 40%) as a colorless solid: mp 175-176° C.; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.34-7.17 (m, 3H), 7.09-6.98 (m, 2H), 6.90 (s, 1H), 6.87-6.76 (m, 2H), 6.55 (br s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 1H), 6.44 (s, 1H), 5.09-4.96 (m, 2H), 4.88-4.79 (m, 1H), 4.75-4.69 (m, 1H), 4.60-4.51 (m, 2H), 4.47 (s, 2H), 3.11-2.92 (m, 2H), 2.92-2.88 (m, 3H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 177.9, 168.4, 161.9, 161.3, 157.6, 142.0, 137.9, 132.7, 130.3, 128.7, 123.9, 123.5, 121.0, 120.1, 120.0, 118.8, 113.9, 113.6, 109.1, 93.3, 80.6, 72.4, 67.2, 57.7, 43.9, 29.0, 25.7; MS (ES+) m/z 457.0 (M+1).
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]([O:5][C:6](=[O:16])[N:7]([CH3:15])[CH:8]1[CH2:13][CH2:12][C:11](=O)[CH2:10][CH2:9]1)([CH3:4])([CH3:3])[CH3:2].[Br-].[C:18]([CH2:21][CH2:22][CH2:23][CH2:24][P+](C1C=CC=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1)([OH:20])=[O:19].[H-].[Na+].CC(O)=O>CN(C=O)C>[C:1]([O:5][C:6]([N:7]([CH3:15])[CH:8]1[CH2:13][CH2:12][C:11](=[CH:24][CH2:23][CH2:22][CH2:21][C:18]([OH:20])=[O:19])[CH2:10][CH2:9]1)=[O:16])([CH3:4])([CH3:3])[CH3:2]
Reactant: CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C1CCC(=O)CC1
Reactant: O=C(O)CCCC[P+](c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1
Agent: [Br-]
Agent: [H-]
Agent: [Na+]
Solvent: CC(=O)O
Solvent: CN(C)C=O
Product: CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C1CCC(=CCCCC(=O)O)CC1
Temperature: 25 °C
Yield: 85.6 %

Procedure:
5 g (21.99 mmol) Methyl-(4-oxo-cyclohexyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester and 12.68 g (28.59 mmol) (4-Carboxy-butyl)-triphenyl-phosphonium bromide were dispended in 50 ml DMF. In small portions 2.49 g (57.2 mmol, 55%) NaH were added and the slurry was diluted by adding 50 ml DMF. The mixture was stirred at RT over night, 10 ml AcOH were added and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ether and water, and the inorganic layer was extracted with ether. The combined organic phases were dried over and the crude materil was purified by column chromatography with ETOAc/hexane to give 5.86 g (83%) 5-[4-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl-methyl-amino)-cyclohexylidene]-pentanoic acid.
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]([O:5][C:6]([N:8]([CH3:17])[C@@H:9]([CH2:13][CH:14]([CH3:16])[CH3:15])[C:10]([OH:12])=O)=[O:7])([CH3:4])([CH3:3])[CH3:2].C(Cl)CCl.[CH:22]1[C:31]2[C:26](=[CH:27][CH:28]=[C:29]([NH2:32])[CH:30]=2)[CH:25]=[CH:24][N:23]=1>CN(C=O)C.CN(C1C=CN=CC=1)C>[CH:22]1[C:31]2[C:26](=[CH:27][CH:28]=[C:29]([NH:32][C:10](=[O:12])[C@@H:9]([N:8]([CH3:17])[C:6](=[O:7])[O:5][C:1]([CH3:2])([CH3:3])[CH3:4])[CH2:13][CH:14]([CH3:16])[CH3:15])[CH:30]=2)[CH:25]=[CH:24][N:23]=1
Reactant: Nc1ccc2ccncc2c1
Reactant: CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N(C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C
Agent: CN(C)c1ccncc1
Solvent: CN(C)C=O
Solvent: ClCCCl
Product: CC(C)C[C@@H](C(=O)Nc1ccc2ccncc2c1)N(C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C
Reaction time: 4 h

Procedure:
To (S)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl(methyl)amino)-4-methylpentanoic acid in DMF was added EDC, DMAP and isoquinolin-7-amine. This mixture was stirred for 4 hours and the reaction was washed with NaHCO3 (sat), extracted with EtOAc, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and evaporated. Column chromatography (SiO2, Hexanes/EtOAc) gave pure (S)-tert-butyl 1-(isoquinolin-7-ylamino)-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl(methyl)carbamate (E87).
Reaction SMILES: C(=O)(OC)O[CH2:3]/[CH:4]=[CH:5]/[C:6]1[CH:11]=[CH:10][CH:9]=[CH:8][CH:7]=1.[CH3:15][O:16][CH2:17][CH2:18][NH2:19]>CCO.CCOCC>[CH3:15][O:16][CH2:17][CH2:18][NH:19][C@H:5]([C:6]1[CH:7]=[CH:8][CH:9]=[CH:10][CH:11]=1)[CH:4]=[CH2:3]
Reactant: COC(=O)OC/C=C/c1ccccc1
Reactant: COCCN
Solvent: CCOCC
Solvent: CCO
Product: C=C[C@H](NCCOC)c1ccccc1
Temperature: 50 °C
Reaction time: 1.5 h
Yield: 75.4 %

Procedure:
To a solution of (E)-cinnamyl methyl carbonate (0.50 g) in EtOH (10 mL) at RT under N2 was added the (S)-(1,1′-Dinaphthyl-2,2′-di-(S,S)-1-phenylethylphosphoramidite (0.140 g), [Ir(COD)Cl]2 (0.035 g) and 2-methoxyethylamine (0.39 g). The reaction mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 1.5 h, then cooled to RT. The reaction mixture was diluted with ether and washed with 2N HCl (×3). The combined acidic aqueous layer was made basic with aqueous 2N NaOH and extracted with DCM (×3). The combined DCM layer was washed with brine, dried (Na2SO4), filtered and evaporated The crude material was purified via column chromatography (gradient—5%, 10%, 15% EtOAc/hexanes) to give the desired product (0.375 g, 74% ee, 75% yield). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 2.62-2.81 (m, 2H), 3.34 (s, 3H), 3.49 (t, 2H), 4.18 (d, 1H), 5.09 (d, 1H), 5.20 (dd, 1H), 5.88-5.99 (m, 1H), 7.22-7.35 (m, 5H). MS APCI, m/z=192 (M+1). LC/MS 0.66 min., Method A.
Reaction SMILES: [CH3:1][S:2]([NH:5][C:6]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][S:8][C:7]=1[C:11]([OH:13])=[O:12])(=[O:4])=[O:3].[Cl:14][C:15]1[CH:16]=[N+:17]([O-:40])[CH:18]=[C:19]([Cl:39])[C:20]=1[CH2:21][C@@H:22]([C:24]1[CH:29]=[CH:28][C:27]([O:30][CH:31]([F:33])[F:32])=[C:26]([O:34][CH2:35][CH:36]2[CH2:38][CH2:37]2)[CH:25]=1)O.C(Cl)CCl>CN(C1C=CN=CC=1)C.C(Cl)Cl>[Cl:14][C:15]1[CH:16]=[N+:17]([O-:40])[CH:18]=[C:19]([Cl:39])[C:20]=1[CH2:21][C@@H:22]([C:24]1[CH:29]=[CH:28][C:27]([O:30][CH:31]([F:33])[F:32])=[C:26]([O:34][CH2:35][CH:36]2[CH2:38][CH2:37]2)[CH:25]=1)[O:12][C:11]([C:7]1[S:8][CH:9]=[CH:10][C:6]=1[NH:5][S:2]([CH3:1])(=[O:3])=[O:4])=[O:13]
Reactant: [O-][n+]1cc(Cl)c(C[C@H](O)c2ccc(OC(F)F)c(OCC3CC3)c2)c(Cl)c1
Reactant: CS(=O)(=O)Nc1ccsc1C(=O)O
Agent: CN(C)c1ccncc1
Solvent: ClCCCl
Solvent: ClCCl
Product: CS(=O)(=O)Nc1ccsc1C(=O)O[C@@H](Cc1c(Cl)c[n+]([O-])cc1Cl)c1ccc(OC(F)F)c(OCC2CC2)c1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 72 h
Yield: 30.6 %

Procedure:
A mixture of 3-(methylsulfonamido)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (Int. 38) (110 mg, 0.497 mmol), (S)-3,5-dichloro-4-(2-(3-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl)pyridine 1-oxide (209 mg, 0.497 mmol), EDC (286 mg, 1.491 mmol) and DMAP (30.4 mg, 0.249 mmol) in DCM (25 ml) was stirred at RT for 3 days. The mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with 1N HCl and aqueous NaHCO3; the organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated. The crude was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel cartridge (DCM/MeOH=99.5/0.5 to 99/1) affording (S)-3,5-dichloro-4-(2-(3-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl)-2-(3-(methylsulfonamido)thiophene-2-carbonyloxy)ethyl)pyridine 1-oxide (Int. 39) (95 mg, 0.152 mmol, MS/ESI+623.05 [MH]+, [αD]=−28.6, c=0.3, DCM).
Reaction SMILES: [NH2:1][CH:2]([CH3:33])[CH2:3][CH2:4][N:5](CC1C=CC=CC=1)[CH2:6][CH2:7][CH2:8][CH2:9][CH2:10][CH2:11][CH2:12][N:13]([CH2:21][CH2:22][CH:23]([NH2:25])[CH3:24])CC1C=CC=CC=1.[H][H]>[OH-].[OH-].[Pd+2].C(O)C>[NH2:25][CH:23]([CH3:24])[CH2:22][CH2:21][NH:13][CH2:12][CH2:11][CH2:10][CH2:9][CH2:8][CH2:7][CH2:6][NH:5][CH2:4][CH2:3][CH:2]([NH2:1])[CH3:33]
Reactant: [H][H]
Reactant: CC(N)CCN(CCCCCCCN(CCC(C)N)Cc1ccccc1)Cc1ccccc1
Agent: [Pd+2]
Agent: [OH-]
Solvent: CCO
Product: CC(N)CCNCCCCCCCNCCC(C)N
Yield: 97.4 %

Procedure:
Combine N,N'-bis[3-(amino)butyl]-N,N'-bis[(phenyl)methyl]-1,7-diaminoheptane (13.4 g, 0.029 mol), Pearlman's Catalyst (2.0 g) and ethanol (90 ml) and treat the mixture with hydrogen gas at 45 lb/in2 until gas uptake ceases. Remove the catalyst by filtration and remove the solvent in vacuo to obtain 7.7 g of N,N'-bis[3-(amino)butyl]-1,7-diaminoheptane (Rf is 0.37 for TLC on silica gel developed with 40% conc. ammonia in methanol). Dissolve the residue in dichloromethane (90 ml) and treat the mixture with di-t-butyldicarbonate (26.2 g, 0.12 mol) for 3 hours. Remove the solvent in vacuo and purify the residue by flash chromatography on silica gel eluting with 25% ethyl acetate in hexane to yield 17.1 g of the title compound as a clear oil. Rf is 0.35 for TLC on silica gel developed with 25% ethyl acetate in hexane.
Reaction SMILES: Br[C:2]1[CH:20]=[CH:19][C:5]2[N:6]=[C:7]([C@H:9]3[CH2:12][C@H:11]([N:13]4[CH2:17][CH2:16][CH2:15][C@H:14]4[CH3:18])[CH2:10]3)[S:8][C:4]=2[CH:3]=1.[N:21]1[CH:26]=[C:25](B(O)O)[CH:24]=[N:23][CH:22]=1.C(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+]>C(O)(C)C.Cl[Pd](Cl)([P](C1C=CC=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1)[P](C1C=CC=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1>[CH3:18][C@@H:14]1[CH2:15][CH2:16][CH2:17][N:13]1[C@H:11]1[CH2:12][C@H:9]([C:7]2[S:8][C:4]3[CH:3]=[C:2]([C:25]4[CH:26]=[N:21][CH:22]=[N:23][CH:24]=4)[CH:20]=[CH:19][C:5]=3[N:6]=2)[CH2:10]1
Reactant: OB(O)c1cncnc1
Reactant: C[C@@H]1CCCN1[C@H]1C[C@H](c2nc3ccc(Br)cc3s2)C1
Agent: Cl[Pd](Cl)([P](c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1)[P](c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1
Agent: O=C([O-])[O-]
Agent: [K+]
Solvent: CC(C)O
Product: C[C@@H]1CCCN1[C@H]1C[C@H](c2nc3ccc(-c4cncnc4)cc3s2)C1

Procedure:
A solution of the product of Example 1E (40 mg, 0.114 mmole), pyrimidine-5-boronic acid (CAS # 109299-78-7) (21 mg, 0.169 mmole), dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) (8 mg, 0.01 mmole) and potassium carbonate (47 mg, 0.34 mmole) in 1 ml isopropanol was heated at 85° C. overnight with stirring. The reaction was then quenched with water and extracted three times with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluted by 0.35% ammonium hydroxide and 3.5% methanol in dichloromethane) to give 33 mg (82%/o yield) of title compound. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 9.23 (s, 1H), 9.02 (s, 2H), 8.12 (d, J=8.59 Hz, 1H), 8.06 (d, J=1.84 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (dd, J=8.44, 1.99 Hz, 1H), 3.83-3.94 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.62 (m, 1H), 2.99-3.14 (m, 1H), 2.64-2.85 (m, 3H), 2.43-2.64 (m, 2H), 2.23-2.40 (m, 1H), 1.89-2.03 (m, 1H), 1.78-1.91 (m, 1H), 1.67-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.42-1.56 (m, 1H), 1.14 (d, J=4.91 Hz, 3H). MS: (M+H)+=351.
Reaction SMILES: Cl[C:2]([O:4][CH:5]([Cl:7])[CH3:6])=[O:3].[CH2:8]([OH:10])[CH3:9].N1C=CC=CC=1>C(Cl)Cl>[C:2](=[O:3])([O:4][CH:5]([Cl:7])[CH3:6])[O:10][CH2:8][CH3:9]
Reactant: CCO
Reactant: CC(Cl)OC(=O)Cl
Solvent: c1ccncc1
Solvent: ClCCl
Product: CCOC(=O)OC(C)Cl
Reaction time: 0.17 h
Yield: 74.8 %

Procedure:
To a solution of 1-chloroethyl chloroformate (23.16 g, 0.162 mol) and ethanol (7.45 g, 0.162 mol) in methylene chloride (200 ml), pyridine (12.82 g, 0.162 mol) was added at 0° C. After 10 min at 0° C. and 21 hours at 25° C. the reaction mixture was washed with aqueous hydrochloric acid (100 ml), aqueous saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate (100 ml) and water (100 ml). The solvent was removed under reduced pressure after drying (MgSO4), giving 18.5 g (74%) of the intermediate ethyl chloroethyl carbonate as a crude product.
Reaction SMILES: [SH:1][C:2]1[NH:3][C:4]2[CH:10]=[C:9]([NH:11][C:12](=[O:16])[C:13]([OH:15])=O)[CH:8]=[CH:7][C:5]=2[N:6]=1.[CH2:17]([CH:24]1[CH2:29][CH2:28][NH:27][CH2:26][CH2:25]1)[C:18]1[CH:23]=[CH:22][CH:21]=[CH:20][CH:19]=1>C(OCC)C>[CH2:17]([CH:24]1[CH2:29][CH2:28][N:27]([C:13](=[O:15])[C:12]([NH:11][C:9]2[CH:8]=[CH:7][C:5]3[N:6]=[C:2]([SH:1])[NH:3][C:4]=3[CH:10]=2)=[O:16])[CH2:26][CH2:25]1)[C:18]1[CH:23]=[CH:22][CH:21]=[CH:20][CH:19]=1
Reactant: O=C(O)C(=O)Nc1ccc2nc(S)[nH]c2c1
Reactant: c1ccc(CC2CCNCC2)cc1
Solvent: CCOCC
Product: O=C(Nc1ccc2nc(S)[nH]c2c1)C(=O)N1CCC(Cc2ccccc2)CC1

Procedure:
The title compound is prepared from N-(2-mercapto-3H-benzimidazol-5-yl)-oxalamic acid and 4-benzyl-piperidine according to the method described in Example 1c. Melting Point: 277-281° C. (diethylether)
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]1([S:7]([N:10]2[C:14]3=[N:15][CH:16]=[CH:17][CH:18]=[C:13]3[CH:12]=[C:11]2[C:19](OS(C2C=CC(C)=CC=2)(=O)=O)=[CH:20][CH:21]2[CH2:25][CH2:24][CH2:23][O:22]2)(=[O:9])=[O:8])[CH:6]=[CH:5][CH:4]=[CH:3][CH:2]=1.[CH3:37][S:38]([C:41]1[CH:46]=[CH:45][C:44](B(O)O)=[CH:43][CH:42]=1)(=[O:40])=[O:39].C(=O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+]>O1CCOCC1.C(OCC)(=O)C.Cl[Pd](Cl)([P](C1C=CC=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1)[P](C1C=CC=CC=1)(C1C=CC=CC=1)C1C=CC=CC=1>[C:1]1([S:7]([N:10]2[C:14]3=[N:15][CH:16]=[CH:17][CH:18]=[C:13]3[CH:12]=[C:11]2[C:19]([C:44]2[CH:45]=[CH:46][C:41]([S:38]([CH3:37])(=[O:40])=[O:39])=[CH:42][CH:43]=2)=[CH:20][CH:21]2[CH2:25][CH2:24][CH2:23][O:22]2)(=[O:8])=[O:9])[CH:6]=[CH:5][CH:4]=[CH:3][CH:2]=1
Reactant: CS(=O)(=O)c1ccc(B(O)O)cc1
Reactant: Cc1ccc(S(=O)(=O)OC(=CC2CCCO2)c2cc3cccnc3n2S(=O)(=O)c2ccccc2)cc1
Agent: Cl[Pd](Cl)([P](c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1)[P](c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1
Agent: O=C([O-])[O-]
Agent: [Na+]
Solvent: CCOC(C)=O
Solvent: C1COCCO1
Product: CS(=O)(=O)c1ccc(C(=CC2CCCO2)c2cc3cccnc3n2S(=O)(=O)c2ccccc2)cc1
Yield: 41.4 %

Procedure:
To a mixture of toluene-4-sulfonic acid 1-(1-benzenesulfonyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl)-2-(tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-vinyl ester (0.6 g, 1.14 mmol), 4-(methanesulfonyl)phenylboronic acid (0.57 g, 2.86 mmol) and dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (II) (81 mg, 0.11 mmol) in dioxane (8 mL) was added an aqueous sodium carbonate solution (2 M, 1.4 mL). The resulting mixture was subjected to microwave irradiation for 8 h at 100° C. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 mL), washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2×50 mL), brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then concentrated in vacuo. Purification by flash silica gel chromatography (silica gel from QingDao, 200-300 mesh, glass column from Shanghai SD company, 30% ethyl acetate/hexanes) afforded 1-benzenesulfonyl-2-[1-(4-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-2-(tetrahydro-furan-2-yl)-vinyl]-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (0.24 g, 41%) as a white solid: LC/MS m/e calcd for C26H24N2O5S2 [M+H]+ 509.62, observed 509.3.
Reaction SMILES: [F:1][CH:2]([F:15])[O:3][C:4]1[C:9]([CH3:10])=[CH:8][C:7]([N+:11]([O-])=O)=[C:6]([CH3:14])[N:5]=1>C(Cl)Cl.C(O)C.[Pd]>[F:15][CH:2]([F:1])[O:3][C:4]1[N:5]=[C:6]([CH3:14])[C:7]([NH2:11])=[CH:8][C:9]=1[CH3:10]
Reactant: Cc1cc([N+](=O)[O-])c(C)nc1OC(F)F
Agent: [Pd]
Solvent: CCO
Solvent: ClCCl
Product: Cc1cc(N)c(C)nc1OC(F)F
Reaction time: 1 h
Yield: 89.3 %

Procedure:
To a solution of 2-(difluoromethoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-5-nitropyridine (33.4 g, 153 mmol) in methylene chloride (100 mL) and ethanol (600 mL) was added 10% palladium on charcoal (3.3 g). The resulting suspension was hydrogenated on a Parr device at 40 psi H2 for 1 h. TLC was used to monitor the reaction. Additional 3.3 g of palladium on charcoal were added hourly until no starting material remained. A total of 13.2 g of Pd/C was added. The reaction mixture was kept under an H2 atmosphere for 2 h after the last addition of catalyst. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and sand and the collected solids were washed with ethyl acetate (2×100 mL). The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give a grey oil, which was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (35%→50% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to furnish 6-(difluoromethoxy)-2,5-dimethylpyridin-3-amine (25.7 g, 89% yield) as a pale yellow oil which solidified upon cooling in a refrigerator. The product was recrystallized from hexanes below 0° C. to afford white needles: mp 40-42° C.; 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.35 (1, J=74.0 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (s, 1H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.15 (s, 3H); LRMS (ESI) m/e 189.2 [(M+H)+, calcd for Ca8H11N2OF2 189.1]. Anal calcd. for C8H10N2OF2: C, 51.12; H, 5.38; N, 14.86. Found: C, 51.17; H, 5.29; N, 14.87.
Reaction SMILES: [F:1][C:2]1[CH:10]=[C:9]([N+:11]([O-])=O)[CH:8]=[C:7]([F:14])[C:3]=1[C:4]([OH:6])=[O:5].[H][H]>[Pd].C(O)C>[NH2:11][C:9]1[CH:8]=[C:7]([F:14])[C:3]([C:4]([OH:6])=[O:5])=[C:2]([F:1])[CH:10]=1
Reactant: [H][H]
Reactant: O=C(O)c1c(F)cc([N+](=O)[O-])cc1F
Agent: [Pd]
Solvent: CCO
Product: Nc1cc(F)c(C(=O)O)c(F)c1
Yield: 91 %

Procedure:
A mixture of 2,6-difluoro-4-nitrobenzoic acid (2.5 g, 12 mmol) and 10% palladium-on-charcoal catalyst (500 mg) in ethanol (I50 ml) was stirred under 1 atmosphere of hydrogen at ambient temperature for 3 hours. The catalyst was removed by filtration through diatomaceous earth, the filter pad washed with ethanol and the solvent removed by evaporation to give 4-amino-2,6-difluorobenzoic acid (3-8 g, 91%).
Reaction SMILES: C(O)(C(F)(F)F)=O.[CH2:8]([N:15]1[C:19]2([CH2:24][CH2:23][N:22](C(OC(C)(C)C)=O)[CH2:21][CH2:20]2)[NH:18][C@@H:17]([CH2:32][CH2:33][S:34][CH3:35])[C:16]1=[O:36])[C:9]1[CH:14]=[CH:13][CH:12]=[CH:11][CH:10]=1.C([O-])(O)=O.[Na+]>C(Cl)Cl>[CH2:8]([N:15]1[C:19]2([CH2:20][CH2:21][NH:22][CH2:23][CH2:24]2)[NH:18][C@@H:17]([CH2:32][CH2:33][S:34][CH3:35])[C:16]1=[O:36])[C:9]1[CH:10]=[CH:11][CH:12]=[CH:13][CH:14]=1
Reactant: CSCC[C@@H]1NC2(CCN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC2)N(Cc2ccccc2)C1=O
Agent: O=C([O-])O
Agent: [Na+]
Solvent: O=C(O)C(F)(F)F
Solvent: ClCCl
Product: CSCC[C@@H]1NC2(CCNCC2)N(Cc2ccccc2)C1=O
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 0.25 h

Procedure:
TFA (7.8 g, 68.0 mmol) was added dropwise at 0° C. to a solution of tert-butyl 1-benzyl-3-(S)-(2-methylsulfanylethyl)-2-oxo-1,4,8-triazaspiro[4,5]decane-8-carboxylate (1.5 g, 3.5 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (10 ml) and the mixture was stirred at this temperature for 15 min. After warming to RT, the reaction solution was stirred for a further 2.5 h. Subsequently, the reaction solution was adjusted to pH 7-8 using aqueous saturated NaHCO3 solution, the organic phase was separated off and the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2Cl2 (2×10 ml). The combined organic phase was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and the solvent was distilled off. The workup was carried out by means of column chromatography and afforded 1-benzyl-3-(S)-(2-methylsulfanylethyl)-1,4,8-triazaspiro[4,5]decan-2-one in a yield of 655 mg (58%).
Reaction SMILES: [Br:1]Br.[CH3:3][NH:4][C:5]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][CH:8]=[CH:7][CH:6]=1.O.[OH-].[Na+]>C(O)(=O)C>[CH3:3][NH:4][C:5]1[CH:10]=[CH:9][C:8]([Br:1])=[CH:7][CH:6]=1
Reactant: BrBr
Reactant: CNc1ccccc1
Agent: [Na+]
Agent: [OH-]
Solvent: CC(=O)O
Solvent: O
Product: CNc1ccc(Br)cc1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 1.25 h
Yield: 102.2 %

Procedure:
A solution of 179 g of bromine in 120 ml of acetic acid was added at less than 40° C. over 45 minutes under an inert atmosphere to a mixture of 120 g of N-methyl-aniline and 600 ml of acetic acid and the mixture was stirred for 75 minutes and then was cooled to room temperature and poured into a mixture of ice and water. The pH of the mixture was adjusted to 10 by addition of sodium hydroxide and the mixture was extracted with methylene chloride. The organic phase was washed with aqueous saturated sodium chloride solution, dried and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain 213 g of N-methyl-4-bromo-aniline.
Reaction SMILES: [Cl:1][C:2]([O:4][CH2:5][CH3:6])=[O:3].Cl.Cl.[CH3:9][C:10]1[CH:15]=[C:14]([NH2:16])[CH:13]=[CH:12][C:11]=1[NH:17][C:18]1[CH2:23][CH2:22][CH2:21][CH2:20][N:19]=1>>[ClH:1].[CH3:9][C:10]1[CH:15]=[C:14]([NH:16][C:2]([O:4][CH2:5][CH3:6])=[O:3])[CH:13]=[CH:12][C:11]=1[NH:17][C:18]1[CH2:23][CH2:22][CH2:21][CH2:20][N:19]=1
Reactant: Cc1cc(N)ccc1NC1=NCCCC1
Reactant: CCOC(=O)Cl
Agent: Cl
Product: CCOC(=O)Nc1ccc(NC2=NCCCC2)c(C)c1

Procedure:
The title compound was prepared by the method of Example 21 using 30.5 mmole of ethyl chloroformate and 1.0 g (3.6 mmole) of the product compound of Example 14. Structure assignment was supported by the nmr spectrum and by elemental analysis.
Reaction SMILES: [CH3:1][O:2][CH:3]([O:13][CH3:14])[C:4]1[NH:8][N:7]=[C:6]([C:9](OC)=[O:10])[CH:5]=1.[CH3:15][C:16]([CH3:19])([O-:18])[CH3:17].[K+]>C(O)(C)(C)C>[CH3:14][O:13][CH:3]([O:2][CH3:1])[C:4]1[NH:8][N:7]=[C:6]([C:9]([O:18][C:16]([CH3:19])([CH3:17])[CH3:15])=[O:10])[CH:5]=1
Reactant: CC(C)(C)[O-]
Reactant: COC(=O)c1cc(C(OC)OC)[nH]n1
Agent: [K+]
Solvent: CC(C)(C)O
Product: COC(OC)c1cc(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)n[nH]1
Temperature: 50 °C
Reaction time: 45 h
Yield: 76.8 %

Procedure:
To a solution of methyl 5-[bis(methyloxy)methyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate (20 g) in tert-butanol (250 ml) at 40° C. was added potassium tert-butoxide (28.1 g) and the mixture stirred at 50° C. for 45 h. The solution was evaporated under reduced pressure, diluted with water (150 ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate (4×100 ml). The combined organic extracts were dried over magnesium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (18.6 g) as an oil.