Azzindani/Open_Reaction_Data huggingface dataset:
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]([C:3]1[CH:8]=[CH:7][C:6]([CH:9]([C:11]2[CH:16]=[CH:15][C:14]([F:17])=[CH:13][CH:12]=2)[OH:10])=[CH:5][CH:4]=1)#[CH:2]>O1CCOCC1.O=[Mn]=O>[C:1]([C:3]1[CH:4]=[CH:5][C:6]([C:9]([C:11]2[CH:12]=[CH:13][C:14]([F:17])=[CH:15][CH:16]=2)=[O:10])=[CH:7][CH:8]=1)#[CH:2]
Reactant: C#Cc1ccc(C(O)c2ccc(F)cc2)cc1
Agent: O=[Mn]=O
Solvent: C1COCCO1
Product: C#Cc1ccc(C(=O)c2ccc(F)cc2)cc1

Procedure:
The product of Step C was dissolved in anhydrous dioxane (20 ml) and to it MnO2 (0.5 g) was added. The suspension was stirred at reflux for 6 h and then filtered through Celite. The filtrate was distilled off and the residue was purified by FCC (SiO2) to give the product (0.18 g; 89%), as creamy paste. 1H-NMR (CDCl3) 3.24 (s, 1H); 7.15 (tr, 2H, J=8.73 Hz); 7.60 (d, 2H, J=6.69 Hz); 7.71 (d, 2H, J=6.58 Hz); 7.78-7.84 (m, 2H).
Reaction SMILES: [CH2:1]([C:3]([OH:36])([CH2:34][CH3:35])[CH2:4][CH2:5][C:6]1[CH:11]=[CH:10][C:9]([C:12]([CH2:31][CH3:32])([C:15]2[CH:20]=[CH:19][C:18](B3OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O3)=[C:17]([CH3:30])[CH:16]=2)[CH2:13][CH3:14])=[CH:8][C:7]=1[CH3:33])[CH3:2].[CH2:37]([O:39][C:40](=[O:49])[CH2:41][C:42]1[CH:43]=[N:44][C:45](Br)=[CH:46][CH:47]=1)[CH3:38].P([O-])([O-])([O-])=O.[K+].[K+].[K+]>C1C=CC([P]([Pd]([P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)([P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)[P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1.CN(C)C=O>[CH2:37]([O:39][C:40](=[O:49])[CH2:41][C:42]1[CH:43]=[N:44][C:45]([C:18]2[CH:19]=[CH:20][C:15]([C:12]([CH2:13][CH3:14])([C:9]3[CH:10]=[CH:11][C:6](/[CH:5]=[CH:4]/[C:3]([CH2:34][CH3:35])([OH:36])[CH2:1][CH3:2])=[C:7]([CH3:33])[CH:8]=3)[CH2:31][CH3:32])=[CH:16][C:17]=2[CH3:30])=[CH:46][CH:47]=1)[CH3:38]
Reactant: CCC(O)(CC)CCc1ccc(C(CC)(CC)c2ccc(B3OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O3)c(C)c2)cc1C
Reactant: CCOC(=O)Cc1ccc(Br)nc1
Agent: c1ccc([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)[Pd]([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)[P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1
Agent: O=P([O-])([O-])[O-]
Agent: [K+]
Solvent: CN(C)C=O
Product: CCOC(=O)Cc1ccc(-c2ccc(C(CC)(CC)c3ccc(/C=C/C(O)(CC)CC)c(C)c3)cc2C)nc1
Temperature: 140 °C
Yield: 45.7 %

Procedure:
N,N-Dimethylformamide (0.7 mL) was added to 3-ethyl-1-(4-{1-ethyl-1-[3-methyl-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-phenyl]-propyl}-2-methyl-phenyl)-pentan-3-ol (Example 29; 50 mg, 0.102 mmol), (6-bromo-pyridin-3-yl)acetic acid ethyl ester (Example 74-(1); 40 mg, 0.165 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0) (23 mg, 0.02 mmol) and potassium phosphate (63.9 mg, 0.30 mmol). The mixture was stirred with microwave heating at 140° C. for seven minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by preparative TLC (hexane/ethyl acetate=10/1, then dichloromethane/methanol=20/1) to give the title compound (24.6 mg, 58%).
Reaction SMILES: [NH2:1][C:2]1[N:3]=[C:4]([N:17]2[CH2:22][CH2:21][NH:20][CH2:19][CH2:18]2)[C:5]2[C:10]([C:11]3[CH:12]=[N:13][CH:14]=[CH:15][CH:16]=3)=[CH:9][S:8][C:6]=2[N:7]=1.[CH3:23][O:24][C:25]1[CH:30]=[CH:29][CH:28]=[CH:27][C:26]=1[N:31]=[C:32]=[O:33]>ClCCl.C(#N)C>[NH2:1][C:2]1[N:3]=[C:4]([N:17]2[CH2:22][CH2:21][N:20]([C:32]([NH:31][C:26]3[CH:27]=[CH:28][CH:29]=[CH:30][C:25]=3[O:24][CH3:23])=[O:33])[CH2:19][CH2:18]2)[C:5]2[C:10]([C:11]3[CH:12]=[N:13][CH:14]=[CH:15][CH:16]=3)=[CH:9][S:8][C:6]=2[N:7]=1
Reactant: COc1ccccc1N=C=O
Reactant: Nc1nc(N2CCNCC2)c2c(-c3cccnc3)csc2n1
Solvent: ClCCl
Solvent: CC#N
Product: COc1ccccc1NC(=O)N1CCN(c2nc(N)nc3scc(-c4cccnc4)c23)CC1
Reaction time: 8 h
Yield: 60.7 %

Procedure:
To a solution of Example 10 (50 mg, 0.15 mmol) in dichloromethane (2 mL) and acetonitrile (1 mL) was added 2-methoxyphenyl isocyanate (21 μL, 0.16 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was evaporated in vacuo and the crude residue was purified by silica gel flash chromatography, the mobile phase being a mixture of methanol and dichloromethane (in a ratio gradually ranging from 0.5% to 3% methanol in dichloromethane), yielding the title compound (42 mg) as a white powder. MS (m/z) 462 [M+H]+.
Reaction SMILES: [Cl:1][C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([N:8]2[C:13](=[O:14])[N:12]([CH3:15])[C:11]3[CH:16]=[C:17]([O:20]C)[CH:18]=[CH:19][C:10]=3[S:9]2(=[O:23])=[O:22])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1.B(Br)(Br)Br>C(Cl)Cl>[Cl:1][C:2]1[CH:7]=[CH:6][C:5]([N:8]2[C:13](=[O:14])[N:12]([CH3:15])[C:11]3[CH:16]=[C:17]([OH:20])[CH:18]=[CH:19][C:10]=3[S:9]2(=[O:22])=[O:23])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1
Reactant: COc1ccc2c(c1)N(C)C(=O)N(c1ccc(Cl)cc1)S2(=O)=O
Agent: BrB(Br)Br
Solvent: ClCCl
Product: CN1C(=O)N(c2ccc(Cl)cc2)S(=O)(=O)c2ccc(O)cc21
Temperature: 0 °C
Reaction time: 8 h
Yield: 93.5 %

Procedure:
To a solution of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-methoxy-4-methyl-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-3(4H)-one 1,1-dioxide (21.0 g) in methylene chloride (200 ml) was added boron tribromide (1N solution in methylene chloride, 89.2 ml) at ambient temperature. The mixture was stirred for 8 hours at the same temperature and then poured into ice water. The separated solid was collected by filtration, dried, and recrystallized from ethanol to yield 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-3(4H)-one 1,1-dioxide (18.86 g).
Reaction SMILES: [C:1]([O:5][C:6](=[O:14])[C:7]1[CH:12]=[CH:11][C:10](Br)=[CH:9][CH:8]=1)([CH3:4])([CH3:3])[CH3:2].C1(P(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=CC=1.N#N.[C:36]([O:40][C:41](=[O:50])[C:42]1[CH:47]=[CH:46][C:45]([C:48]#[CH:49])=[CH:44][CH:43]=1)([CH3:39])([CH3:38])[CH3:37]>C(#N)C.[Cu]I.CCN(CC)CC>[C:1]([O:5][C:6]([C:7]1[CH:12]=[CH:11][C:10]([C:49]#[C:48][C:45]2[CH:46]=[CH:47][C:42]([C:41]([O:40][C:36]([CH3:39])([CH3:38])[CH3:37])=[O:50])=[CH:43][CH:44]=2)=[CH:9][CH:8]=1)=[O:14])([CH3:4])([CH3:3])[CH3:2]
Reactant: C#Cc1ccc(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)cc1
Reactant: CC(C)(C)OC(=O)c1ccc(Br)cc1
Agent: [Cu]I
Agent: N#N
Agent: c1ccc(P(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1
Solvent: CCN(CC)CC
Solvent: CC#N
Product: CC(C)(C)OC(=O)c1ccc(C#Cc2ccc(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)cc2)cc1
Reaction time: 8 h

Procedure:
4-Bromo-benzoic acid tert.-butyl ester, 5.1 g of triphenylphosphine and 375 ml of NEt3 are introduced into 1 l of absolute acetonitrile under nitrogen and N2 is passed through the solution for 20 minutes. 10.5 g of (Pφ3)2PdCl2 and 1.5 g of copper(I)iodide are then added and 166.5 g of 4-ethinyl-benzoic acid tert.-butyl ester dissolved in 1 l of absolute acetonitrile are slowly added dropwise under reflux and the reaction mixture is stirred overnight. The resulting reaction mixture is then suction filtered after cooling, stirred up in water, again suction filtered, dissolved in CH2Cl2 and filtered after the addition of a small quantity of Tonsil, and the solvent is then evaporated off under vacuum. 225 g of 4,4'-Tolan-dicarboxylic acid-di-tert.-butyl ester are obtained.
Reaction SMILES: [CH3:1][CH:2]([S:4](Cl)(=[O:6])=[O:5])[CH3:3].[N:8]1[CH:9]=[CH:10][N:11]2[CH:16]=[CH:15][C:14]([CH2:17][NH:18][C:19](=[O:31])[C:20]3[CH:25]=[CH:24][C:23]([CH:26]4[CH2:30][CH2:29][NH:28][CH2:27]4)=[CH:22][CH:21]=3)=[CH:13][C:12]=12.N1CC(C2C=CC(C(NCC3C=CN4C=CN=C4C=3)=O)=CC=2)C1>>[CH:2]1([S:4]([N:28]2[CH2:29][CH2:30][CH:26]([C:23]3[CH:24]=[CH:25][C:20]([C:19]([NH:18][CH2:17][C:14]4[CH:15]=[CH:16][N:11]5[CH:10]=[CH:9][N:8]=[C:12]5[CH:13]=4)=[O:31])=[CH:21][CH:22]=3)[CH2:27]2)(=[O:6])=[O:5])[CH2:3][CH2:1]1
Reactant: CC(C)S(=O)(=O)Cl
Reactant: O=C(NCc1ccn2ccnc2c1)c1ccc(C2CCNC2)cc1
Agent: O=C(NCc1ccn2ccnc2c1)c1ccc(C2CNC2)cc1
Product: O=C(NCc1ccn2ccnc2c1)c1ccc(C2CCN(S(=O)(=O)C3CC3)C2)cc1

Procedure:
The title compound was prepared as described in Example 557C, substituting cyclopropane sulfonyl chloride for propane-2-sulfonyl chloride and N-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-7-ylmethyl)-4-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)benzamide for 4-(azetidin-3-yl)-N-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-7-ylmethyl)benzamide. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 9.07 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 8.48 (dd, J=6.9, 0.9 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (m, 3H), 7.51 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (m, 2H), 7.38 (m, 1H), 6.85 (dd, J=6.9, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.50 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.79 (dd, J=9.7, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 3.53 (m, 2H), 3.43 (m, 1H), 3.23 (m, 1H), 2.78 (m, 1H), 2.34 (m, 1H), 2.01 (m, 1H), 0.98 (m, 4H); MS (ESI(+)) m/e 425 (M+H)+.
Reaction SMILES: [F:1][CH:2]([F:10])[CH:3]([CH:7]([F:9])[F:8])[CH:4]([F:6])[F:5].S(=O)(=O)(O)[OH:12]>O>[F:1][CH:2]([F:10])[C:3]([OH:12])([CH:7]([F:9])[F:8])[CH:4]([F:6])[F:5]
Reactant: FC(F)C(C(F)F)C(F)F
Reactant: O=S(=O)(O)O
Solvent: O
Product: OC(C(F)F)(C(F)F)C(F)F

Procedure:
As another example, the 2-difluoromethyl-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-propanol may be prepared by fluorinating commercially available 1,1,3-trichloro-2-propanone to form 1,1,3-trifluoro-2-propanone which may then be reacted with CF2 carbene to form 2-fluoromethyl-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene. The 2-fluoromethyl-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene may then be hydrogenated to form 2-fluoromethyl-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane. The 2-fluoromethyl-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane may then be dehydrogenated to form 2-difluoromethyl-1,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene which may then be reacted with hydrogen fluoride to form 2-difluoromethyl-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane. The 2-difluoromethyl-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane may then be dehydrogenated and then reacted with sulfuric acid and then water to form 2-difluoromethyl-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-propanol.
Reaction SMILES: Br[C:2]1[CH:3]=[C:4]2[C:9](=[CH:10][CH:11]=1)[N:8]=[C:7]([C:12]1[CH:17]=[CH:16][CH:15]=[CH:14][C:13]=1[OH:18])[N:6]=[C:5]2[N:19]1[CH2:24][CH2:23][N:22]([C:25](=[O:32])[C@H:26]([OH:31])[CH2:27][CH:28]([CH3:30])[CH3:29])[CH2:21][CH2:20]1.CCOC(C)=O.[CH3:39][N:40](C=O)C>[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[Zn+2]>[OH:31][C@H:26]([CH2:27][CH:28]([CH3:30])[CH3:29])[C:25]([N:22]1[CH2:21][CH2:20][N:19]([C:5]2[C:4]3[C:9](=[CH:10][CH:11]=[C:2]([C:39]#[N:40])[CH:3]=3)[N:8]=[C:7]([C:12]3[CH:17]=[CH:16][CH:15]=[CH:14][C:13]=3[OH:18])[N:6]=2)[CH2:24][CH2:23]1)=[O:32]
Reactant: CN(C)C=O
Reactant: CC(C)C[C@@H](O)C(=O)N1CCN(c2nc(-c3ccccc3O)nc3ccc(Br)cc23)CC1
Agent: [C-]#N
Agent: [Zn+2]
Solvent: CCOC(C)=O
Product: CC(C)C[C@@H](O)C(=O)N1CCN(c2nc(-c3ccccc3O)nc3ccc(C#N)cc23)CC1
Temperature: 200 °C
Yield: 75 %

Procedure:
(R)-1-(4-(6-Bromo-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)quinazolin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-1-one (188 mg, 0.38 mmol), Zn(CN)2 (44 mg, 0.38 mmol), and Pd(Ph3)4 (6.5 mg, 0.0112 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (4 mL) and the reaction mixture was heated in a microwave synthesizer at 200° C. for 15 minutes. EtOAc (50 mL) was added and the mixture was washed twice with H2O. The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated. Purification via silica gel chromatography using 0-40% EtOAc in CH2Cl2:hexanes (1:1) gave 4-[4-((R)-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-pentanoyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-quinazoline-6-carbonitrile (127 mg, 75%). LC/MS: m/z 446 (M+H)+ at 3.24 min (10%-99% CH3CN (0.035% TFA)/H2O (0.05% TFA)). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.60 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.46 (dd, J=8.4, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.15 (dd, J=8.7, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.45-7.41 (m, 1H), 6.99-6.95 (m, 2H), 4.94 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 1H), 4.39-4.36 (m, 1H), 4.14-4.04 (m, 4H), 3.89-3.67 (m, 4H), 1.82-1.76 (m, 1H), 1.47-1.37 (m, 2H), 0.93-0.91 (m, 6H) ppm.
Reaction SMILES: [NH2:1][C:2]1[C:15]2[C:14](=[O:16])[C:13]3[C:8](=[CH:9][CH:10]=[CH:11][CH:12]=3)[C:7](=[O:17])[C:6]=2[C:5]([NH2:18])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1.[CH2:19]([CH:21]1[O:23][CH2:22]1)[Br:20]>C(O)(=O)C.O>[Br:20][CH2:19][CH:21]([OH:23])[CH2:22][NH:1][C:2]1[C:15]2[C:14](=[O:16])[C:13]3[C:8](=[CH:9][CH:10]=[CH:11][CH:12]=3)[C:7](=[O:17])[C:6]=2[C:5]([NH:18][CH2:22][CH:21]([OH:23])[CH2:19][Br:20])=[CH:4][CH:3]=1
Reactant: BrCC1CO1
Reactant: Nc1ccc(N)c2c1C(=O)c1ccccc1C2=O
Solvent: CC(=O)O
Solvent: O
Product: O=C1c2ccccc2C(=O)c2c(NCC(O)CBr)ccc(NCC(O)CBr)c21
Temperature: 80 °C
Yield: 209.3 %

Procedure:
1,4-Diaminoanthraquinone (2,5 g, 10.49 mmole) was slurried in 20 ml of glacial acetic acid. Water (1.8 ml) was added, followed by epibromohydrin (0.76 ml, 8.88 mmol). The mixture was heated to 80° C. The remaining epibromohydrin (2.24 ml, 26.18 mmol) was dripped in slowly during 5 hours, while the reaction temperature was held at 80° C. After the addition was complete, the 80° C. temperature was maintained for an additional 2 hours for a total of 7 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with 20 ml of acetic acid and 28 ml of water. After stirring for a few minutes, the resultant mixture was filtered and the filter-cake was rinsed with 20% aqueous acetic acid followed by water, then air dried. After further drying in vacuo over P2O5, 4.76 g of 1,4-bis(3-bromo-2-hydroxypropylamino)-9,10-anthracenedione was obtained.
Reaction SMILES: Br[C:2]1[N:6]2[CH:7]=[CH:8][C:9]([C:11]3([CH3:18])[CH2:15][O:14][C:13]([CH3:17])([CH3:16])[O:12]3)=[N:10][C:5]2=[N:4][CH:3]=1.[F:19][C:20]1[CH:25]=[CH:24][C:23](B2OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O2)=[CH:22][C:21]=1[C:35]1[CH:36]=[N:37][CH:38]=[CH:39][CH:40]=1>>[F:19][C:20]1[CH:25]=[CH:24][C:23]([C:2]2[N:6]3[CH:7]=[CH:8][C:9]([C:11]4([CH3:18])[CH2:15][O:14][C:13]([CH3:17])([CH3:16])[O:12]4)=[N:10][C:5]3=[N:4][CH:3]=2)=[CH:22][C:21]=1[C:35]1[CH:36]=[N:37][CH:38]=[CH:39][CH:40]=1
Reactant: CC1(C)OCC(C)(c2ccn3c(Br)cnc3n2)O1
Reactant: CC1(C)OB(c2ccc(F)c(-c3cccnc3)c2)OC1(C)C
Product: CC1(C)OCC(C)(c2ccn3c(-c4ccc(F)c(-c5cccnc5)c4)cnc3n2)O1

Procedure:
3-Bromo-7-(2,2,4-trimethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl)imidazo[1,2-α]pyrimidine was coupled with 3-[2-fluoro-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl]pyridine as described in Example 65 to give 3-[4-fluoro-3-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl]-7-(2,2,4-trimethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl)imidazo[1,2-α]pyrimidine as an orange oil: δH (400 MHz, d6-DMSO) 1.33 (3H, s), 1.47 (3H, s), 1.59 (3H, s), 4.08 (1H, d, J 9), 4.49 (1H, d, J 9), 7.31 (1H, d, J 7), 7.54-7.59 (2H, m), 7.77-7.81 (1H, m), 7.94 (1H, dd, J 7 and 2), 8.01 (1H, s), 8.09-8.12 (1H, m), 8.65 (1H, dd, J 5 and 2), 8.89 (1H, s), 9.08 (1H, d, J 7).
Reaction SMILES: C([O:5][C:6](=[O:27])[C@H:7]([CH3:26])[NH:8][C:9](=[O:25])[CH:10]([O:14][C:15]1[N:20]=[C:19]([O:21][CH3:22])[CH:18]=[C:17]([O:23][CH3:24])[N:16]=1)[CH:11]([CH3:13])[CH3:12])(C)(C)C>FC(F)(F)C(O)=O>[CH3:22][O:21][C:19]1[CH:18]=[C:17]([O:23][CH3:24])[N:16]=[C:15]([O:14][CH:10]([CH:11]([CH3:13])[CH3:12])[C:9]([NH:8][C@H:7]([C:6]([OH:27])=[O:5])[CH3:26])=[O:25])[N:20]=1
Reactant: COc1cc(OC)nc(OC(C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(C)C)n1
Solvent: O=C(O)C(F)(F)F
Product: COc1cc(OC)nc(OC(C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)O)C(C)C)n1
Reaction time: 1 h

Procedure:
2 g of N-[2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-3-methyl-butyryl]-L-alanine tert-butyl ester (Example 1.023) are added to 20 ml of trifluoroacetic acid. After one hour, the reaction mixture is concentrated by evaporation, taken up in ethyl acetate, washed once with dilute hydrochloric acid, dried over sodium sulfate and again concentrated by evaporation, yielding N-[2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-3-methyl-butyryl]-L-alanine as a crystalline product; m.p.: 157°-160° C. (from ethyl acetate).
Reaction SMILES: [F:1][C:2]1[C:11]2[C:6](=[CH:7][CH:8]=[CH:9][CH:10]=2)[CH:5]=[N:4][CH:3]=1.[N+:12]([O-])([O-:14])=[O:13].[K+]>S(=O)(=O)(O)O>[F:1][C:2]1[C:11]2[C:6](=[CH:7][CH:8]=[CH:9][C:10]=2[N+:12]([O-:14])=[O:13])[CH:5]=[N:4][CH:3]=1
Reactant: O=[N+]([O-])[O-]
Reactant: Fc1cncc2ccccc12
Agent: O=S(=O)(O)O
Agent: [K+]
Product: O=[N+]([O-])c1cccc2cncc(F)c12

Procedure:
Specifically, 4-fluoroisoquinoline (3) is nitrified with potassium nitrate in sulfuric acid, to thereby form 4-fluoro-5-nitroisoquinoline (4a) and a position isomer (4b) thereof [step A]. Subsequently, these two products are reduced by use of concentrated hydrochloric acid and stannous chloride dihydrate, to thereby form 4-fluoro-5-aminoisoquinoline (5a) and a position isomer (5b) thereof [step B]. 5-Amino-4-fluoroisoquinoline (5a) is separated through column chromatography for purification [step C]. The purified product is diazotized with sodium nitrite [step D]. The diazo compound is subjected to Sandmeyer reaction employing SO2 gas-saturated acetic acid and cupric chloride dihydrate [step E], to thereby yield 4-fluoroisoquinoline-5-sulfonyl chloride (2a).
Reaction SMILES: FC(F)(F)S(O[C:7]1[C:8]([CH3:36])([CH3:35])[C@H:9]2[C@:22]([CH3:25])([CH2:23][CH:24]=1)[C@@H:21]1[C@:12]([CH3:34])([C@@:13]3([CH3:33])[C@H:18]([CH2:19][CH2:20]1)[C@H:17]1[C@H:26]([C:29]([CH3:31])=[CH2:30])[CH2:27][CH2:28][C@:16]1([NH2:32])[CH2:15][CH2:14]3)[CH2:11][CH2:10]2)(=O)=O.P(=O)(O)(O)O.[K].CC1(C)C(C)(C)OB([C:53]2[CH2:58][CH2:57][C@H:56]([C:59]([O:61][CH2:62][C:63]3[CH:68]=[CH:67][CH:66]=[CH:65][CH:64]=3)=[O:60])[CH2:55][CH:54]=2)O1.C1(P(C2CCCCC2)C2C=CC=CC=2C2C(OC)=CC=CC=2OC)CCCCC1>O1CCOCC1.O.C([O-])(=O)C.[Pd+2].C([O-])(=O)C>[NH2:32][C@:16]12[CH2:28][CH2:27][C@@H:26]([C:29]([CH3:31])=[CH2:30])[C@@H:17]1[C@@H:18]1[C@@:13]([CH3:33])([CH2:14][CH2:15]2)[C@@:12]2([CH3:34])[C@@H:21]([C@:22]3([CH3:25])[C@@H:9]([CH2:10][CH2:11]2)[C:8]([CH3:35])([CH3:36])[C:7]([C:53]2[CH2:58][CH2:57][C@H:56]([C:59]([O:61][CH2:62][C:63]4[CH:64]=[CH:65][CH:66]=[CH:67][CH:68]=4)=[O:60])[CH2:55][CH:54]=2)=[CH:24][CH2:23]3)[CH2:20][CH2:19]1
Reactant: C=C(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@]2(N)CC[C@]3(C)[C@H](CC[C@@H]4[C@@]5(C)CC=C(OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)C(C)(C)[C@@H]5CC[C@]43C)[C@@H]12
Reactant: CC1(C)OB(C2=CC[C@@H](C(=O)OCc3ccccc3)CC2)OC1(C)C
Agent: [Pd+2]
Agent: CC(=O)[O-]
Agent: COc1cccc(OC)c1-c1ccccc1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1
Solvent: C1COCCO1
Solvent: O
Product: C=C(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@]2(N)CC[C@]3(C)[C@H](CC[C@@H]4[C@@]5(C)CC=C(C6=CC[C@@H](C(=O)OCc7ccccc7)CC6)C(C)(C)[C@@H]5CC[C@]43C)[C@@H]12
Temperature: 75 °C
Yield: 74.4 %

Procedure:
To a vial containing (1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (0.05 g, 0.090 mmol) was added phosphoric acid, potassium salt (0.057 g, 0.269 mmol), (S)-benzyl 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate (0.062 g, 0.181 mmol) (enantiomer 2 prepared above), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-dimethoxy-1,1′-biphenyl (S-phos) (5.52 mg, 0.013 mmol), and palladium(II) acetate (2.013 mg, 8.96 mmol). The mixture was diluted with 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) and water (0.1 mL), was flushed with nitrogen, then was sealed and heated to 75° C. After 6 h of heating, the mixture was cooled to rt, was diluted with dichloromethane, and was dried with sodium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography using a 10-60% ethyl acetate in hexanes gradient and a 12 g silica gel column. The fractions containing the expected product were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to give (S)-benzyl 4-((1R,3 aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate (0.042 g, 0.067 mmol, 75% yield) as an off-white solid. 1H NMR (500 MHz, chloroform-d) δ=7.42-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.37 (br. s., 1H), 5.21-5.17 (m, 1H), 5.16 (s, 2H), 4.75 (d, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 4.62 (s, 1H), 2.65-2.52 (m, 2H), 2.39-2.32 (m, 2H), 2.22-2.15 (m, 2H), 2.10-1.96 (m, 3H), 1.71 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 6H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.88 (s, 3H), 1.82-0.83 (m, 23H).
Reaction SMILES: I[C:2]1[CH:3]=[C:4]([O:21][C:22]([F:25])([F:24])[F:23])[CH:5]=[C:6]2[C:11]=1[O:10][CH:9]([C:12]([F:15])([F:14])[F:13])[C:8]([C:16]([O:18][CH2:19][CH3:20])=[O:17])=[CH:7]2.[C-:26]#[N:27].[K+]>C1COCC1.[Cl-].[Na+].O.[Cu]I.C1C=CC([P]([Pd]([P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)([P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)[P](C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)(C2C=CC=CC=2)C2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1>[C:26]([C:2]1[CH:3]=[C:4]([O:21][C:22]([F:24])([F:23])[F:25])[CH:5]=[C:6]2[C:11]=1[O:10][CH:9]([C:12]([F:14])([F:15])[F:13])[C:8]([C:16]([O:18][CH2:19][CH3:20])=[O:17])=[CH:7]2)#[N:27]
Reactant: CCOC(=O)C1=Cc2cc(OC(F)(F)F)cc(I)c2OC1C(F)(F)F
Reactant: [C-]#N
Agent: [Cu]I
Agent: c1ccc([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)[Pd]([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)([P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)[P](c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)c2ccccc2)cc1
Agent: [Cl-]
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Solvent: O
Product: CCOC(=O)C1=Cc2cc(OC(F)(F)F)cc(C#N)c2OC1C(F)(F)F
Yield: 82 %

Procedure:
A mixture of ethyl 8-iodo-6-(trifluoromethoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-chromene-3-carboxylate prepared as in Example 21a, Step 2 (2.00 g, 4.15 mmole), CuI (158 mg, 0.830 mmole), KCN (1.08 g, 16.6 mmole) and Pd(PPh3)4 (480 mg, 0.415 mmole) in anhydrous THF (5.0 mL) were refluxed under a dry N2 atmosphere for 2.5 days. The mixture was then poured into brine (100 mL), extracted with EtOAc (100 mL), dried over MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo. Purification by silica chromatography followed by crystallization from EtOAc-hexanes gave 1.30 g (82% yield) of the product a yellow crystalline solid: EIHRMS m/z 399.0812 (M+NH4, C15H9NO4F6NH4, Calc'd 399.0774).
Reaction SMILES: [N+:1]([C:4]1[CH:11]=[CH:10][C:7]([CH:8]=[O:9])=[CH:6][CH:5]=1)([O-:3])=[O:2].[P:12]([O-:19])([O:16][CH2:17][CH3:18])[O:13][CH2:14][CH3:15]>C1COCC1>[CH2:14]([O:13][P:12]([CH:8]([C:7]1[CH:6]=[CH:5][C:4]([N+:1]([O-:3])=[O:2])=[CH:11][CH:10]=1)[OH:9])(=[O:19])[O:16][CH2:17][CH3:18])[CH3:15]
Reactant: O=Cc1ccc([N+](=O)[O-])cc1
Reactant: CCOP([O-])OCC
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Product: CCOP(=O)(OCC)C(O)c1ccc([N+](=O)[O-])cc1
Temperature: 25 °C
Reaction time: 120 h
Yield: 78.3 %

Procedure:
A mixture of p-nitrobenzaldehyde (3.022 g, 20 mmol), diethyl phosphite (2.762 g, 20 mmol), and MgO (2.0 g, 49.6 mmol) in THF (30 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 5 days. The reaction mixture was filtered, the filtrate was concentrated, and residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (EtOAc/hexanes: 1:4) to give 4.53 g of diethyl[(4-nitrophenyl)(hydroxy)methyl]phosphonate (yield: 78%). 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz): δ=1.27 (m, 6H), 4.08-4.18 (m, 4H), 5.18 (d, J=12.0 Hz, 1H), 7.67-7.70 (m, 2H), 8.24 (dd, J=0.8, 8.8 Hz, 2H). MS (ES+): m/z 290.07 [MH+]. HPLC: tR=1.15 min (UPLC TOF, polar—3 min). This material (4.53 g) was hydrogenated in the presence of 10% Pd/C (200 mg) in MeOH (20 mL) under 1 atmosphere for 4 h. The catalyst was filtered off, filtrate was concentrated, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (2% MeOH in DCM) to afford 3.93 g of the title compound (yield: 72%). MS (ES+): m/z 242.08 [MH+—H2O]. HPLC: tR=0.8 min (UPLC TOF, polar—3 min).
Reaction SMILES: C([C@H]1COC(=O)N1[C:14]([CH:16]([CH2:25][CH2:26][CH2:27][CH:28]1[CH2:33][CH2:32][CH2:31][CH2:30][CH2:29]1)[CH2:17][C:18]([O:20][C:21]([CH3:24])([CH3:23])[CH3:22])=[O:19])=[O:15])C1C=CC=CC=1.[OH:34]O.O.[OH-].[Li+]>O1CCCC1.O>[C:21]([O:20][C:18](=[O:19])[CH2:17][CH:16]([CH2:25][CH2:26][CH2:27][CH:28]1[CH2:33][CH2:32][CH2:31][CH2:30][CH2:29]1)[C:14]([OH:15])=[O:34])([CH3:24])([CH3:23])[CH3:22]
Reactant: CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CC(CCCC1CCCCC1)C(=O)N1C(=O)OC[C@@H]1Cc1ccccc1
Reactant: OO
Agent: [Li+]
Agent: [OH-]
Solvent: C1CCOC1
Solvent: O
Product: CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CC(CCCC1CCCCC1)C(=O)O
Reaction time: 1 h
Yield: 97.5 %

Procedure:
A solution of tert-butyl 3-{[(4S)-4-benzyl-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]carbonyl}-6-cyclohexylhexanoate (64.0 g, 139.9 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran:water (3:1, 800 ml) was cooled to 5° C. then treated sequentially with hydrogen peroxide (30% w/v water, 87 ml, 769 mmol) then lithium hydroxide hydrate (10.0 g, 238 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 1 hour then quenched by dropwise addition of an aqueous solution of sodium thiosulphate (500 ml) keeping the temperature below 20° C. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (discarded) and the aqueous phase was acidifed to pH 2 with solid citric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with a gradient system of hexane:ethyl acetate (2:1) gradually changing to hexane:ethyl acetate (1:1) to afford the title compound (40.7 g)