a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows: .

2013
2012
2011
balance january 1
$ 4425
$ 4277
$ 4919
additions related to current year positions
320
496
695
additions related to prior year positions
177
58
145
reductions for tax positions of prior years ( 1 )
-747 ( 747 )
-320 ( 320 )
-1223 ( 1223 )
settlements
-603 ( 603 )
-67 ( 67 )
-259 ( 259 )
lapse of statute of limitations
-69 ( 69 )
-19 ( 19 )
2014
balance december 31
$ 3503
$ 4425
$ 4277

( 1 ) amounts reflect the settlements with the irs and cra as discussed below .
if the company were to recognize the unrecognized tax benefits of $ 3.5 billion at december 31 , 2013 , the income tax provision would reflect a favorable net impact of $ 3.3 billion .
the company is under examination by numerous tax authorities in various jurisdictions globally .
the company believes that it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of december 31 , 2013 could decrease by up to $ 128 million in the next 12 months as a result of various audit closures , settlements or the expiration of the statute of limitations .
the ultimate finalization of the company 2019s examinations with relevant taxing authorities can include formal administrative and legal proceedings , which could have a significant impact on the timing of the reversal of unrecognized tax benefits .
the company believes that its reserves for uncertain tax positions are adequate to cover existing risks or exposures .
interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions amounted to a benefit of $ 319 million in 2013 , $ 88 million in 2012 and $ 95 million in 2011 .
these amounts reflect the beneficial impacts of various tax settlements , including those discussed below .
liabilities for accrued interest and penalties were $ 665 million and $ 1.2 billion as of december 31 , 2013 and 2012 , respectively .
in 2013 , the internal revenue service ( 201cirs 201d ) finalized its examination of schering-plough 2019s 2007-2009 tax years .
the company 2019s unrecognized tax benefits for the years under examination exceeded the adjustments related to this examination period and therefore the company recorded a net $ 165 million tax provision benefit in 2013 .
in 2010 , the irs finalized its examination of schering-plough 2019s 2003-2006 tax years .
in this audit cycle , the company reached an agreement with the irs on an adjustment to income related to intercompany pricing matters .
this income adjustment mostly reduced nols and other tax credit carryforwards .
the company 2019s reserves for uncertain tax positions were adequate to cover all adjustments related to this examination period .
additionally , as previously disclosed , the company was seeking resolution of one issue raised during this examination through the irs administrative appeals process .
in 2013 , the company recorded an out-of-period net tax benefit of $ 160 million related to this issue , which was settled in the fourth quarter of 2012 , with final resolution relating to interest owed being reached in the first quarter of 2013 .
the company 2019s unrecognized tax benefits related to this issue exceeded the settlement amount .
management has concluded that the exclusion of this benefit is not material to current or prior year financial statements .
as previously disclosed , the canada revenue agency ( the 201ccra 201d ) had proposed adjustments for 1999 and 2000 relating to intercompany pricing matters and , in july 2011 , the cra issued assessments for other miscellaneous audit issues for tax years 2001-2004 .
in 2012 , merck and the cra reached a settlement for these years that calls for merck to pay additional canadian tax of approximately $ 65 million .
the company 2019s unrecognized tax benefits related to these matters exceeded the settlement amount and therefore the company recorded a net $ 112 million tax provision benefit in 2012 .
a portion of the taxes paid is expected to be creditable for u.s .
tax purposes .
the company had previously established reserves for these matters .
the resolution of these matters did not have a material effect on the company 2019s results of operations , financial position or liquidity .
in 2011 , the irs concluded its examination of merck 2019s 2002-2005 federal income tax returns and as a result the company was required to make net payments of approximately $ 465 million .
the company 2019s unrecognized tax benefits for the years under examination exceeded the adjustments related to this examination period and therefore the company recorded a net $ 700 million tax provision benefit in 2011 .
this net benefit reflects the decrease of unrecognized tax benefits for the years under examination partially offset by increases to unrecognized tax benefits for years subsequent table of contents .

Question: what was the ratio of interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions in 2013 to 2012
Answer: 3.625
Explanation: the interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions in 2013 was 3.625 times the amount in 2012
Calculation: divide(319, 88)