Part I -- FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8X8, Inc. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands, unaudited)
| December 31, | March 31, |
| 2016 | 2016 |
| ASSETS |
| Current assets: |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 33,457 | $ | 33,576 |
| Short-term investments | 139,194 | 129,274 |
| Accounts receivable, net | 13,069 | 11,070 |
| Inventory | 572 | 520 |
| Deferred cost of goods sold | 640 | 634 |
| Deferred tax asset | - | 5,382 |
| Other current assets | 5,551 | 5,444 |
| Total current assets | 192,483 | 185,900 |
| Property and equipment, net | 15,224 | 12,375 |
| Intangible assets, net | 16,726 | 21,464 |
| Goodwill | 44,327 | 47,420 |
| Non-current deferred tax asset | 48,443 | 43,189 |
| Other assets | 6,645 | 3,104 |
| Total assets | $ | 323,848 | $ | 313,452 |
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |
| Current liabilities: |
| Accounts payable | $ | 12,537 | $ | 10,954 |
| Accrued compensation | 12,022 | 10,063 |
| Accrued warranty | 290 | 326 |
| Accrued taxes | 5,083 | 5,200 |
| Accrued outside commissions | 2,843 | 2,186 |
| Deferred revenue | 2,089 | 1,925 |
| Other accrued liabilities | 3,627 | 4,080 |
| Total current liabilities | 38,491 | 34,734 |
| Non-current liabilities | 3,001 | 3,258 |
| Non-current deferred revenue | 81 | 154 |
| Total liabilities | 41,573 | 38,146 |
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 6) |
| Stockholders' equity: |
| Common stock | 90 | 89 |
| Additional paid-in capital | 404,192 | 389,260 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (10,322) | (4,184) |
| Accumulated deficit | (111,685) | (109,859) |
| Total stockholders' equity | 282,275 | 275,306 |
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 323,848 | $ | 313,452 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. 2 8X8, Inc. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In thousands, except per share amounts; unaudited) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Service revenue $ 60,149 $ 48,948 $ 173,162 $ 140,068 Product revenue 3,527 4,220 13,738 11,935 Total revenue 63,676 53,168 186,900 152,003 Operating expenses: Cost of service revenue 10,525 9,713 31,597 27,359 Cost of product revenue 4,240 5,087 15,527 14,065 Research and development 7,095 6,404 20,310 17,930 Sales and marketing 35,667 27,585 101,049 78,138 General and administrative 7,852 6,888 21,400 18,614 Total operating expenses 65,379 55,677 189,883 156,106 Loss from operations (1,703) (2,509) (2,983) (4,103) Other income, net 408 272 1,209 710 Loss before provision (benefit) for income taxes (1,295) (2,237) (1,774) (3,393) Provision (benefit) for income taxes 30 (557) 52 651 Net loss $ (1,325) $ (1,680) $ (1,826) $ (4,044) Net loss per share: Basic $ (0.01) $ (0.02) $ (0.02) $ (0.05) Diluted $ (0.01) $ (0.02) $ (0.02) $ (0.05) Weighted average number of shares: Basic 90,774 88,289 90,062 88,812 Diluted 90,774 88,289 90,062 88,812 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. 3 8X8, Inc. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (In thousands, unaudited) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Net loss $ (1,325) $ (1,680) $ (1,826) $ (4,044) Other comprehensive loss, net of tax Unrealized loss on investments in securities (170) (245) (63) (320) Foreign currency translation adjustment (1,791) (972) (6,075) (904) Comprehensive loss $ (3,286) $ (2,897) $ (7,964) $ (5,268) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. 4 8X8, Inc. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands, unaudited) Nine Months Ended December 31, 2016 2015 Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss $ (1,826) $ (4,044) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation 4,463 3,598 Amortization of intangible assets 2,741 2,565 Impairment of long-lived assets 15 640 Amortization of capitalized software 442 456 Net accretion of discount and amortization of premium on marketable securities 228 584 Stock-based compensation expense 15,630 11,202 Deferred income tax (benefit) provision (104) 361 Other 574 467 Changes in assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable, net (3,267) (3,138) Inventory (87) (122) Other current and noncurrent assets (1,065) (1,699) Deferred cost of goods sold (86) (156) Accounts payable 1,732 418 Accrued compensation 2,146 3,351 Accrued warranty (36) (17) Accrued taxes (21) 1,837 Deferred revenue 168 (427) Accrued outside commissions 657 256 Other current and noncurrent liabilities (84) (748) Net cash provided by operating activities 22,220 15,384 Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property and equipment (6,509) (3,295) Cost of capitalized software (3,939) (1,275) Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired - (23,434) Proceeds from maturity of investments 47,625 38,451 Sales of investments - available for sale 34,821 43,934 Purchases of investments - available for sale (92,647) (90,025) Net cash used in investing activities (20,649) (35,644) Cash flows from financing activities: Capital lease payments (460) (321) Payment of contingent consideration and escrow (300) (200) Repurchase of common stock (2,828) (11,628) Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee stock plans 2,694 2,848 Net cash used in financing activities (894) (9,301) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash (796) 317 Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (119) (29,244) Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period 33,576 53,110 Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period $ 33,457 $ 23,866 Supplemental cash flow information Income taxes paid $ 350 $ 441 Interest paid 16 30 Property and equipment acquired under capital leases 823 - The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. 5 8X8, Inc. NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS 8x8, Inc. (8x8 or the Company) is a provider of cloud-based, enterprise-class software solutions that transform the way businesses communicate and collaborate globally. The Company's integrated, "pure-cloud" offering combines global voice, contact center software, conferencing, messaging and video with integrated workflows and big data analytics on a single platform to enable increased team productivity, better customer engagement and real-time insights into business performance. BASIS OF PRESENTATION The Company's fiscal year ends on March 31 of each calendar year. Each reference to a fiscal year in these notes to the consolidated financial statements refers to the fiscal year ended March 31 of the calendar year indicated (for example, fiscal 2017 refers to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017). The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared on substantially the same basis as our annual consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016. In the opinion of the Company's management, these interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair statement of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The March 31, 2016 year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data in this document were derived from audited consolidated financial statements and does not include all of the disclosures required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016 and notes thereto included in the Company's fiscal 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods included in these condensed consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future period or the entire fiscal year. RECLASSIFICATION Certain amounts previously reported within the Company's consolidated balance sheets and statements of cash flows have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassification had no impact on the Company's previously reported net loss, cash flows, or basic or diluted net loss per share amounts. PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of 8x8 and its subsidiaries. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES The significant accounting policies used in preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements are disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016 filed with the SEC on May 31, 2016, and there have been no changes to the Company's significant accounting policies during the nine months ended December 31, 2016, except as described in the "Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements" section below. 6 RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2015-5, "Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement." This update provides guidance in evaluating whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license. If a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, then the software license element of the arrangement should be accounted for as an acquisition of a software license. If a cloud computing arrangement does not include a software license, the customer should account for the arrangement as a service contract. The guidance does not change generally accepted accounting principles for a customer's accounting for service contracts. This update is effective for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015. Therefore, the Company has prospectively adopted this new standard on April 1, 2016. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes - Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (Topic 740). This ASU requires all deferred tax liabilities and assets to be presented in the balance sheet as noncurrent. As permitted, the Company early adopted this standard prospectively during the quarter ended June 30, 2016. The adoption of this standard resulted in reclassifying current deferred income tax assets to noncurrent deferred income tax assets and current deferred income tax liabilities to noncurrent deferred income tax liabilities. No prior periods were retrospectively adjusted. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, along with amendments issued in 2015 and 2016, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The ASU will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. The new standard will become effective for the Company on April 1, 2018. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The Company has not yet selected a transition method. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this pronouncement and its amendments to its consolidated financial statements. In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements: Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40), this ASU provides guidance regarding management's responsibility in evaluating whether there is substantial doubt about a company's ability to continue as a going concern. Certain disclosures will be required if conditions give rise to substantial doubt about an entity's ability to continue as a going concern. The amendment is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. The Company will apply the requirements of ASU 2014-15 during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which provides guidance for measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this pronouncement to its consolidated financial statements. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which provides guidance on how certain cash receipts and cash payments are to be presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. This amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this pronouncement to its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. In October 2016, the FASB has issued ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, which provides guidance on how an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. This amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this pronouncement to its consolidated financial statements. 7 In November 2016, the FASB has issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), which provides guidance on how restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. This amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this pronouncement to its Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. In January 2017, the FASB has issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. This amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this pronouncement to its consolidated financial statements. In January 2017, the FASB has issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill but rather require an entity to record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit's carrying value over its fair value. This amendment is effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this pronouncement to its consolidated financial statements. 2. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS Cash, cash equivalents, and available-for-sale investments, and contingent consideration were (in thousands): Gross Gross Cash and Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Estimated Cash Short-Term As of December 31, 2016 Costs Gain Loss Fair Value Equivalents Investments Cash $ 27,382 $ - $ - $ 27,382 $ 27,382 $ - Level 1: Money market funds 6,075 - - 6,075 6,075 - Mutual funds 2,000 - (202) 1,798 - 1,798 Subtotal 35,457 - (202) 35,255 33,457 1,798 Level 2: Commercial paper 20,945 4 (2) 20,947 - 20,947 Corporate debt 90,469 57 (65) 90,461 - 90,461 Asset backed securities 22,630 7 (15) 22,622 - 22,622 Mortgage backed securities 367 - (2) 365 - 365 Agency bond 2,000 1 - 2,001 - 2,001 International government securities 1,000 - - 1,000 - 1,000 Subtotal 137,411 69 (84) 137,396 - 137,396 Total assets $ 172,868 $ 69 $ (286) $ 172,651 $ 33,457 $ 139,194 Level 3: Contingent consideration $ - $ - $ - $ 148 $ - $ - Total liabilities $ - $ - $ - $ 148 $ - $ - 8 Gross Gross Cash and Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Estimated Cash Short-Term As of March 31, 2016 Costs Gain Loss Fair Value Equivalents Investments Cash $ 18,596 $ - $ - $ 18,596 $ 18,596 $ - Level 1: Money market funds 14,980 - - 14,980 14,980 - Mutual funds 2,000 - (187) 1,813 - 1,813 Subtotal 35,576 - (187) 35,389 33,576 1,813 Level 2: Commercial paper 6,794 2 - 6,796 - 6,796 Corporate debt 85,164 78 (28) 85,214 - 85,214 Municipal securities 1,007 - (1) 1,006 - 1,006 Asset backed securities 24,614 7 (11) 24,610 - 24,610 Mortgage backed securities 2,045 - (17) 2,028 - 2,028 Agency bond 6,805 1 - 6,806 - 6,806 International government securities 1,000 1 - 1,001 - 1,001 Subtotal 127,429 89 (57) 127,461 - 127,461 Total assets $ 163,005 $ 89 $ (244) $ 162,850 $ 33,576 $ 129,274 Level 3: Contingent consideration $ - $ - $ - $ 148 $ - $ - Total liabilities $ - $ - $ - $ 148 $ - $ - Contractual maturities of investments as of December 31, 2016, are set forth below (in thousands): Estimated Fair Value Due within one year $ 86,842 Due after one year 52,352 Total $ 139,194 Contingent Consideration and Escrow Liability The Company's contingent consideration liability and escrow liability, included in other accrued liabilities and noncurrent liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, was associated with the Quality Software Corporation (QSC) acquisition made in the first quarter of fiscal 2016. Amounts held in escrow were measured at fair value using present value computations. The contingent consideration was measured at fair value using a probability weighted average of the potential payment outcomes that would occur should certain contract milestones be reached. There is no market data available to use in valuing the contingent consideration; therefore, the Company developed its own assumptions related to the achievement of the milestones to evaluate the fair value of the liability. As such, the contingent consideration is classified within Level 3 as described below. 9 The items are classified as Level 3 within the valuation hierarchy, consisting of contingent consideration and escrow liability related to the QSC acquisition, were valued based on an estimate of the probability of success of the milestones being achieved and present value computations, respectively. The table below presents a roll-forward of the contingent consideration and escrow liability valued using a Level 3 input (in thousands): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Balance at beginning of period $ 216 $ 391 $ 341 $ - Purchase price contingent consideration - - - 541 Fair value adjustment 107 - 107 - Contingent consideration payments (175) (50) (300) (200) Balance at end of period $ 148 $ 341 $ 148 $ 341 3. INVENTORIES December 31, March 31, 2016 2016 Inventory (in thousands) Work-in-process $ - $ 76 Finished goods 572 444 $ 572 $ 520 4. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL The carrying value of intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2016 March 31, 2016 Gross Net Gross Net Carrying Accumulated Carrying Carrying Accumulated Carrying Amount Amortization Amount Amount Amortization Amount Technology $ 17,402 $ (6,318) $ 11,084 $ 18,640 $ (4,622) $ 14,018 Customer relationships 9,383 (5,858) 3,525 9,993 (4,847) 5,146 Trade names/domains 2,022 - 2,022 2,205 - 2,205 In-process research and development 95 - 95 95 - 95 Total acquired identifiable intangible assets $ 28,902 $ (12,176) $ 16,726 $ 30,933 $ (9,469) $ 21,464 At December 31, 2016, annual amortization of intangible assets, based upon our existing intangible assets and current useful lives, is estimated to be the following (in thousands): Amount Remaining 2017 $ 869 2018 3,229 2019 2,983 2020 2,983 2021 2,644 Thereafter 1,901 Total $ 14,609 10 Impairment of Long-Lived Assets During the three months ended December 31, 2016, the Company decided to discontinue a certain customer segment of its United Kingdom based platform-as-a-service (DXI PaaS) that was acquired in fiscal 2016 as part of the DXI acquisition. The Company evaluated long-lived assets related to the DXI reporting unit including the technology, customer relationships, and trade name intangible assets for impairment. The Company determined it was appropriate to record an impairment charge equal to the remaining value of the impaired DXI PaaS customer relationship intangible in the third fiscal quarter. The impairment recorded during the fiscal year was immaterial to the consolidated statements of operations. Revenues and net income (loss) from DXI PaaS were not material for all periods presented. During the three months ended December 31, 2015, the Company decided to end-of-life its hosted virtual desktop service (Zerigo). The Company evaluated long-lived assets related to Zerigo including the technology, customer relationships, and trade name intangible assets for impairment. The Company determined it was appropriate to record an impairment charge equal to the remaining value of the impaired long-lived assets in the third fiscal quarter. The impairment recorded during the fiscal year was $0.6 million, of which $0.4 million and $0.2 million was recorded in cost of service and sales and marketing, respectively, in the consolidated statements of operations. Revenues and net income (loss) from Zerigo were not material for all periods presented. The following table provides a summary of the changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill by reporting segment (in thousands): Americas Europe Total Balance as of March 31, 2016 $ 25,729 $ 21,691 $ 47,420 Foreign currency translation - (3,093) (3,093) Balance as of December 31, 2016 $ 25,729 $ 18,598 $ 44,327 5. RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND SOFTWARE COSTS In the first nine months of fiscal 2017 and 2016, the Company expensed all research and development costs in accordance with ASC 985-20, Costs of Software to be Sold, Leased or Marketed (ASC 985-20). The Company accounts for computer software developed or obtained for internal use in accordance with ASC 350-40, Internal Use Software (ASC 350-40). Capitalized costs are classified as either long-term assets or property and equipment on the consolidated balance sheets. Other Long-Term Assets In the first nine months of fiscal 2017, the Company capitalized $3.9 million as other long-term assets. In the first nine months of fiscal 2016, the Company capitalized $1.1 million as other long-term assets. At December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, total completed capitalized software development cost included in other long-term assets was approximately $1.7 million. At December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, accumulated amortization cost related to completed capitalized software in other long term assets was approximately $0.4 million and $0, respectively. Property and Equipment In the first nine months of fiscal 2017, the Company capitalized $0.7 million as property and equipment. In the first nine months of fiscal 2016, the Company capitalized $0.2 million as property and equipment. At December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, total completed capitalized software cost included in property and equipment was approximately $2.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively. At December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016, accumulated amortization cost related to completed capitalized software in property and equipment was approximately $0.6 million and $0.2 million, respectively. 11 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Leases The Company leases its headquarters facility in San Jose, California under an operating lease agreement that expires in October 2019. The lease is an industrial net lease with monthly base rent of $130,821 for the first 15 months with a 3% increase each year thereafter, and requires us to pay property taxes, utilities and normal maintenance costs. The Company also leases facilities for office space under non-cancelable operating leases for its various domestic and international locations. The Company has entered into a series of noncancelable capital lease agreements for office equipment bearing interest at various rates. Assets under capital lease at December 31, 2016 totaled $2.3 million with accumulated amortization of $0.8 million. Guarantees Indemnifications In the normal course of business, the Company may agree to indemnify other parties, including customers, lessors and parties to other transactions with the Company, with respect to certain matters such as breaches of representations or covenants or intellectual property infringement or other claims made by third parties. These agreements may limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim. In addition, the Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its officers and directors. It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount of the Company's exposure under these indemnification agreements due to the limited history of prior indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Historically, payments made by the Company under these agreements have not had a material impact on the Company's operating results, financial position or cash flows. Under some of these agreements, however, the Company's potential indemnification liability might not have a contractual limit. Product Warranties The Company accrues for the estimated costs that may be incurred under its product warranties upon revenue recognition. Changes in the Company's product warranty liability, which is included in cost of product revenues in the consolidated statements of operations, were as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Balance at beginning of period $ 333 $ 325 $ 326 $ 339 Accruals for warranties 24 88 251 263 Settlements (26) (70) (201) (223) Adjustments (41) (21) (86) (57) Balance at end of period $ 290 $ 322 $ 290 $ 322 Minimum Third Party Customer Support Commitments In the third quarter of 2010, the Company amended its contract with one of its third party customer support vendors containing a minimum monthly commitment of approximately $0.4 million effective April 1, 2010. The agreement requires a 150-day notice to terminate. At December 31, 2016, the total remaining obligation upon a termination of the contract was $2.2 million. 12 Minimum Third Party Network Service Provider Commitments The Company has entered into contracts with multiple vendors for third party network service which expire on various dates in fiscal 2017 through 2020. At December 31, 2016, future minimum annual payments under these third party network service contracts were as follows (in thousands): Year ending March 31: Remaining 2017 $ 478 2018 1,363 2019 132 2020 8 Total minimum payments $ 1,981 Legal Proceedings The Company, from time to time, is involved in various legal claims or litigation, including patent infringement claims that can arise in the normal course of the Company's operations. Pending or future litigation could be costly, could cause the diversion of management's attention and could upon resolution, have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. On February 22, 2011, the Company was named a defendant in Bear Creek Technologies, Inc. (BCT) v. 8x8, Inc. et al., filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware (the Delaware Court), along with 20 other defendants. Collectively this patent litigation is referred to as In re Bear Creek Technologies, Inc. (MDL No.: 2344). In August 2011, the suit was dismissed without prejudice but then refiled in the Delaware Court against the Company. On November 28, 2012, the USPTO initiated and has since maintained a Reexamination Proceeding in which the claims of a patent (asserted against the Company) were rejected as being invalid based on four separate grounds. In response to the USPTO invalidity rejections, the Company filed an informational pleading (on July 10, 2013) to join a motion to stay the proceeding in the Delaware Court, which this motion was granted on July 17, 2013. On May 5, 2015 and presumably in light of the Reexamination Proceeding, the Court administratively closed this case with leave to reopen if needed. The Reexamination Proceeding was appealed to the USPTO Patent Trial and Appeal Board ("PTO Board of Appeals"), which affirmed the rejection of all claims in a Decision (December 29, 2015), which is now on appeal before the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The matter is briefed and oral argument before the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit is scheduled for March 13, 2017. On November 14, 2016, the Company was named as a defendant in Serenitiva LLC v. 8x8, Inc. filed in U.S. District Court for the E.D. of Texas (Civil Action No. 6:16-cv-1290). Plaintiff Serenitiva LLC is suing the Company based on alleged infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,865,268 by alleged Company activities in connection with the Company's Virtual Contact Center Agent Console (alleged as providing interactive, real-time call tracking and resolution management over a communications network). Plaintiff Serenitiva LLC also sued nine other defendants regarding the same patent asserted in the complaint filed against the Company. The Company is currently assessing factual and legal defenses to these claims and expect to present a vigorous defense. The Company has not answered the complaint yet and 8x8 cannot estimate potential liability in this case at this early stage of the litigation. Plaintiff Serenitiva and three of these other defendants have already settled/resolved their respective suits. On December 2, 2016, the Company was named as a defendant in Paluxy Messaging LLC v. 8x8, Inc. filed in U.S. District Court for the E.D. of Texas, Tyler Division (Civil Action No. 6:16-cv-1346). Plaintiff Paluxy Messaging LLC is suing the Company based on alleged infringement U.S. Patent No. 8,411,829 by alleged activities in connection with the Company's use of a voicemail system (alleged in the complaint as providing a system for managing messages). Plaintiff Paluxy Messaging LLC also sued seven other defendants regarding the same patent asserted in the complaint filed against the Company. The Company is currently assessing factual and legal defenses to these claims and expect to present a vigorous defense. The Company has not answered the complaint yet and the Company cannot estimate potential liability in this case at this early stage of the litigation. Plaintiff Paluxy Messaging and three of these other defendants have already settled/resolved their respective suits. On April 16, 2015, the Company was named as a defendant in Slocumb Law Firm v. 8x8, Inc. The Slocumb Law Firm has alleged that it purchased certain business services from the Company that did not perform as advertised or expected, and has asserted causes of actions for fraud, breach of contract, violations of the Alabama Deceptive Trade Practices Act and negligence. On May 7, 2015, the Company filed a motion with the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, seeking an order compelling the Slocumb Law Firm to arbitrate its claims against the Company in Santa Clara County, California pursuant to a clause mandating arbitration of disputes set forth in the terms and conditions to which Slocumb Law Firm agreed in connection with its purchase of business services from the Company. No briefing schedule or hearing date for the motion has been set as of this time. Discovery has not yet commenced in the case. The Company intends to vigorously defend against the Slocumb Law Firm's claims. 13 State and Municipal Taxes From time to time, the Company has received inquiries from a number of state and municipal taxing agencies with respect to the remittance of sales, use, telecommunications, excise, and income taxes. Several jurisdictions currently are conducting tax audits of the Company's records. The Company collects or has accrued for taxes that it believes are required to be remitted. The amounts that have been remitted have historically been within the accruals established by the Company. The Company adjusts its accrual when facts relating to specific exposures warrant such adjustment. During the period ended December 31, 2016, the City of San Francisco levied an assessment for utility taxes against the Company. The Company plans to vigorously appeal the assessment. Based on historical experience of the Company, management has determined the probable loss relating to this exposure to be approximately $0.4 million, which was recorded in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2016. Although the outcome cannot be predicted, the estimated reasonable additional loss is between $0 to $0.6 million. 7. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense (in thousands): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Cost of service revenue $ 538 $ 346 $ 1,338 $ 828 Cost of product revenue - - - - Research and development 1,061 850 2,811 2,107 Sales and marketing 2,452 1,689 6,118 4,308 General and administrative 2,020 1,778 5,363 3,959 Total stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options and employee stock purchases, pre-tax 6,071 4,663 15,630 11,202 Tax benefit - - - - Stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options and employee stock purchases, net of tax $ 6,071 $ 4,663 $ 15,630 $ 11,202 Stock Options, Stock Purchase Right and Restricted Stock Unit Activity Stock Option activity under all the Company's stock option plans for the nine months ended December 31, 2016, is summarized as follows: Weighted Average Number of Exercise Price Shares Per Share Outstanding at March 31, 2016 4,793,266 $ 6.29 Granted 358,832 14.54 Exercised (338,781) 2.17 Canceled/Forfeited (42,469) 9.87 Outstanding at December 31, 2016 4,770,848 $ 7.17 Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2016 4,770,848 $ 7.17 Exercisable at December 31, 2016 3,265,483 $ 5.99 14 Stock Purchase Right activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 is summarized as follows: Weighted Weighted Average Average Grant-Date Remaining Number of Fair Market Contractual Shares Value Term (in Years) Balance at March 31, 2016 82,171 $ 6.30 0.76 Granted - - Vested (68,426) 5.98 Forfeited (1,125) 6.73 Balance at December 31, 2016 12,620 $ 8.00 1.20 Restricted Stock Unit activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 is summarized as follows: Weighted Weighted Average Average Remaining Number of Grant Date Contractual Shares Fair Value Term (in Years) Balance at March 31, 2016 4,544,799 $ 8.09 1.67 Granted 2,115,744 15.07 Vested (1,351,014) 7.99 Forfeited (284,431) 9.35 Balance at December 31, 2016 5,025,098 $ 10.99 1.66 The following table summarizes stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2016: Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Weighted Weighted Weighted Average Average Average Exercise Remaining Aggregate Exercise Aggregate Price Contractual Intrinsic Price Intrinsic Shares Per Share Life (Years) Value Shares Per Share Value $0.55 to $4.26 991,768 $ 1.43 1.6 $ 12,760,718 991,768 $ 1.43 $ 12,760,718 $4.32 to $6.86 1,288,863 $ 6.26 6.7 10,368,791 969,263 $ 6.06 7,990,967 $7.52 to $9.21 1,047,938 $ 8.38 8.1 6,207,461 481,286 $ 8.44 2,821,376 $9.35 to $10.97 1,017,107 $ 9.86 6.9 4,517,121 759,962 $ 9.80 3,418,142 $11.26 to $15.40 425,172 $ 13.95 9.2 389,388 63,204 $ 11.96 156,748 4,770,848 $ 34,243,479 3,265,483 $ 27,147,951 As of December 31, 2016, there was $49.7 million of unamortized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options and awards which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.12 years. Unamortized stock-based compensation expense related to shares issued as part of a prior year acquisition was approximately $1.5 million, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.42 years. 15 Assumptions Used to Calculate Stock-Based Compensation Expense The fair value of each of the Company's option grants has been estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Expected volatility 42% 51% 44% 53% Expected dividend yield - - - - Risk-free interest rate 1.20% 1.75% 1.17% 1.60% Weighted average expected option term 4.50 years 5.25 years 4.69 years 5.44 years Weighted average fair value of options granted $ 5.54 $ 4.92 $ 5.47 $ 4.12 The estimated fair value of options granted under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan was estimated at the date of grant using Black-Scholes pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Expected volatility - - 40% 45% Expected dividend yield - - - - Risk-free interest rate - - 0.45% 0.30% Weighted average expected ESPP option term - - 0.76 years 0.75 years Weighted average fair value of ESPP options granted $ - $ - $ 4.04 $ 2.78 As of December 31, 2016, there were approximately $0.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to employee stock purchases. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.2 years. Performance Stock Units During the nine months ended December 31, 2016, the Company issued restricted performance stock units (PSUs) to a group of executives with vesting that is contingent on both market performance and continued service. These PSUs vest (1) 50% on September 22, 2018 and (2) 50% on September 27, 2019, in each case subject to the performance of the Company's common stock relative to the Russell 2000 Index (the benchmark) during the period from grant date through such vesting date. A 2x multiplier will be applied to the total shareholder returns (TSR) for each 1% of positive or negative relative TSR, and the number of shares earned will increase or decrease by 2% of the target numbers. In the event 8x8's common stock performance is below negative 30%, relative to the benchmark, no shares will be issued. These PSU grants are included in the restricted stock unit activity disclosure for the nine months ended December 31, 2016. To value these market-based restricted performance stock units under the Equity Compensation Plans, the Company used a Monte Carlo simulation model on the date of grant. Fair value determined using the Monte Carlo simulation model varies based on the assumptions used for the expected stock price volatility, the correlation coefficient between the Company and the NASDAQ Composite Index, risk free interest rates, and future dividend payments. 16 Stock Repurchases In February 2015, the Company's board of directors authorized the Company to purchase up to $20.0 million of its common stock from time to time until February 29, 2016 (the "2015 Repurchase Plan"). In October 2015, the Company's board of directors authorized the Company to purchase an additional $15.0 million of its common stock from time to time until October 20, 2016. There were no stock repurchases during the nine months ended December 31, 2016. The plan expired in October 2016 with an unused authorized repurchase amount of $15.0 million. 8. INCOME TAXES For the three months ended December 31, 2016, the Company recorded a benefit from income taxes of $30,000, which was primarily attributable to loss from operations. For the three months ended December 31, 2015, the Company recorded a provision for income taxes of $0.6 million, which was primarily attributable to loss from operations. The Company estimated the annual effective rate at the end of each quarterly period, and recorded the tax effect of certain discrete items, which are unusual or occur infrequently, in the interim period in which they occur, including changes in judgment about deferred tax valuation allowances. The determination of the effective tax rate reflects tax expense and benefit generated in certain domestic and foreign jurisdictions. However, jurisdictions with a year-to-date loss where no tax benefit can be recognized are excluded from the annual effective tax rate. At March 31, 2016, the Company had a liability for unrecognized tax benefits of $2.9 million, all of which, if recognized, would decrease the company's effective tax rate. The Company does not believe that there has been any significant change in the unrecognized tax benefits for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2016, and does not expect the remaining unrecognized tax benefit to change materially in the next 12 months. To the extent that the remaining unrecognized tax benefits are ultimately recognized, they will have an impact on the effective tax rate in future periods. The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S., California and various other states and foreign jurisdictions in which it has or had a subsidiary or branch operations or it is collecting sales tax. All tax returns from fiscal 2013 to fiscal 2016 may be subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service, California and various other states. Net operating losses and tax credits carried forward to March 31, 2016 may still be subject to adjustment by the taxing authorities until the period is closed to examination. As of January 30, 2017, there were no active federal or state income tax audits. Returns filed in foreign jurisdictions may be subject to examination for the fiscal years 2011 to 2016. 17 9. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE The following is a reconciliation of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except share and per share data): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Numerator: Net loss available to common stockholders $ (1,325) $ (1,680) $ (1,826) $ (4,044) Denominator: Common shares used in basic and diluted calculation 90,774 88,289 90,062 88,812 Basic and diluted net loss per share $ (0.01) $ (0.02) $ (0.02) $ (0.05) The following shares attributable to outstanding stock options and restricted stock purchase rights were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been antidilutive (in thousands): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Employee stock options 368 1,232 243 2,539 Stock purchase rights 352 - 653 55 Total anti-dilutive employee stock-based securities 720 1,232 896 2,594 10. SEGMENT REPORTING ASC 280, Segment Reporting, establishes annual and interim reporting standards for an enterprise's business segments and related disclosures about its products, services, geographic areas and major customers. Under ASC 280, the method for determining what information to report is based upon the way management organizes the operating segments within the Company for making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. The Company manages its operations primarily on a geographic basis. The Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, and the Chief Technology Officer or the Company's Chief Operating Decision Makers (CODMs), evaluate performance of the Company and make decisions regarding allocation of resources based on geographic results. The Company's reportable segments are the Americas and Europe. The Americas segment is primarily North America. The Europe segment is primarily the United Kingdom. Each operating segment provides similar products and services. The Company's CODMs evaluate the performance of its operating segments based on revenues and net income. Revenues are attributed to each segment based on the ordering location of the customer or ship to location. The Company allocates corporate overhead costs such as research and development, sales and marketing, general and administrative, amortization expense, stock-based compensation expense, and commitment and contingencies to the Americas segment. 18 The Company's revenue distribution by geographic region (based upon the destination of shipments and the customer's service address) was as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Americas (principally US) 90% 87% 89% 87% Europe (principally UK) 10% 13% 10% 12% Asia-Pacific 0% 0% 1% 1% 100% 100% 100% 100% Geographic area data is based upon the location of the property and equipment and is as follows (in thousands): December 31, March 31, 2016 2016 Americas (principally US) $ 10,973 $ 9,165 Europe (principally UK) 4,123 2,642 Asia-Pacific 128 568 Total $ 15,224 $ 12,375 The following table provides financial information by segment for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended December 31, December 31, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Americas (principally US): Net revenues $ 57,654 $ 46,503 $ 167,686 $ 134,177 Net income $ 831 $ 467 $ 4,341 $ 733 Europe (principally UK): Net revenues $ 6,022 $ 6,665 $ 19,214 $ 17,826 Net loss $ (2,156) $ (2,147) $ (6,167) $ (4,777) 11. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS In January 2017, the Company acquired a technology company in the collaboration space, for approximately $3.0 million. Total acquisition related costs were immaterial. 19
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. For example, words such as "may," "will," "should," "estimates," "predicts," "potential," "continue," "strategy," "believes," "anticipates," "plans," "expects," "intends," and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Actual results and trends may differ materially from historical results or those projected in any such forward-looking statements depending on a variety of factors. These factors include, but are not limited to, market acceptance of new or existing services and features, success of our efforts to target mid-market and larger distributed enterprises, changes in the competitive dynamics of the markets in which we compete, customer cancellations and rate of churn, impact of current economic climate and adverse credit markets on our target customers, our ability to scale our business, our reliance on infrastructure of third-party network services providers, risk of failure in our physical infrastructure software, as well as other causes of interruptions in services to our customers, our ability to maintain the compatibility of our software with third-party applications and mobile platforms, continued compliance with industry standards and regulatory requirements in the United States and foreign countries in which we make our software solutions available, risks relating to our strategies and objectives for future operations, including the execution of integration plans and realization of the expected benefits of our acquisitions, the amount and timing of costs associated with recruiting, training and integrating new employees, introduction and adoption of our cloud software solutions in markets outside of the United States, and general economic conditions that could adversely affect our business and operating results. All forward-looking statements included in this report are based on information available to us on the date hereof, and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. In addition to the factors discussed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, see the Risk Factors discussion in Item 1A of our 2016 Form 10-K. The forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-Q are made only as of the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to update the forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
We provide cloud-based, enterprise-class software solutions that transform the way businesses communicate and collaborate globally. Delivered through a SaaS (Software as a Service) business model, our solutions are at the forefront of a disruptive technology shift that is occurring in business communications where enterprises are increasingly replacing costly and unwieldy on-premises communications equipment with agile, cloud-based software services delivered over the public Internet.
Our integrated, "pure-cloud" offering combines global voice, conferencing, messaging and video with integrated workflows and big data analytics on a single platform to enable increased team productivity, better customer engagement and real-time insights into business performance. Through a combination of open API's (application program interface) and pre-built integrations, our solutions seamlessly leverage critical customer context from internal data systems and industry-leading Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems, including cloud-based solutions from Salesforce.com, NetSuite, and Zendesk.
Powered by internally owned and managed technologies, our cloud communications and contact center offerings readily serve businesses of all sizes and scale to large, globally distributed enterprise customers. Our turnkey and scalable solutions span a broad spectrum of communications and collaboration needs, are provided with industry-leading reliability at an affordable cost and are readily deployable through our proprietary deployment methodology. This allows customers to focus on their businesses instead of managing the complexities of disparate communications and collaboration platforms and the integration of these platforms with other cloud-based business applications.
Our fiscal year ends on March 31 of each calendar year. Each reference to a fiscal year in this report refers to the fiscal year ending March 31 of the calendar year indicated (for example, fiscal 2017 refers to the fiscal year ending March 31, 2017).
20 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK In the third quarter of fiscal 2017, our service revenue from mid-market and enterprise customers grew 36% year-over-year and represented 55% of total service revenue. New monthly recurring revenue (MRR) bookings from mid-market and enterprise customers and by our channel sales teams accounted for 60% of the total MRR booked for the quarter, reflecting strong demand for our services in our target market segments. Also, average monthly service revenue per business customer (ARPU) increased 12% to a record $414, compared with $369 in the same period last year. Our ability to offer a broad range of cloud- based mission critical communications services is bringing us larger deals where we continue to displace incumbent, premises-based systems. We are beginning to see the enterprise market move beyond early adopters to more mainstream customers. These customers tend to use the same traditional procurement methods that drive other corporate buying decisions, and are increasingly employing a "land and expand" deployment strategy, initially committing to a subset of their organization and subsequently adding new locations and users. By comparison, many of our previous early adopter enterprise customers placed an initial order for most or all of their locations, resulting in large initial bookings but with gradual deployments generating revenue recognition over subsequent quarters. Although these recent enterprise customers have represented comparatively smaller initial bookings, and new MRR growth in this sector was essentially flat in the fiscal third quarter, we expect them to deploy additional locations at a rate similar to other enterprise customers and do not anticipate an adverse long-term revenue impact. Our recent investments in the contact center capabilities of our platform, including Global Tenant, Analytics and Quality Management, are beginning to show good results. Revenue from Virtual Contact Center grew 32% in the third quarter of fiscal 2017, compared with 16% growth in the same period last year. Of our top 20 customers, 15 subscribe to both our Unified Communications and Contact Center solutions. Our patent portfolio continues to grow with our recent notification of three new patents, for a total of 128 awarded patents to date. Despite increases in total revenue year-over-year, we are expecting a continued depreciation of the British Pound (GBP) to the U.S. Dollar (USD). A significantly weaker GBP compared to the USD could materially reduce our revenues after considering foreign currency translation adjustments. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES & ESTIMATES The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our critical accounting policies and estimates. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS See Item 1 of Part I, "Financial Statements - Note 1 - Basis of Presentation - Recent Adopted Accounting Pronouncements." RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS See Item 1 of Part I, "Financial Statements - Note 1 - Basis of Presentation - Recent Accounting Pronouncements." 21 SELECTED OPERATING STATISTICS We periodically review certain key business metrics, within the context of our articulated performance goals, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of our operational strategies, allocate resources and maximize the financial performance of our business. The selected operating statistics include the following: Selected Operating Statistics Dec. 31, Sept. 30, June 30, March 31, Dec. 31, 2016 2016 2016 2016 2015 Business customers average monthly service revenue per customer (1) $ 414 $ 409 $ 399 $ 385 $ 369 Monthly business service revenue churn (2)(3) 1.0% 0.6% 0.5% 0.4% 1.2% Overall service margin 83% 81% 81% 81% 80% Overall product margin -20% -6% -16% -18% -21% Overall gross margin 77% 74% 74% 72% 72% _____________ (1) Business customer average monthly service revenue per customer is service revenue from business customers in the period divided by the number of months in the period divided by the simple average number of business customers during the period. (2) Business customer service revenue churn is calculated by dividing the service revenue lost from business customers (after the expiration of 30-day trial) during the period by the simple average of business customer service revenue during the same period and dividing the result by the number of months in the period. (3) Excludes DXI business customer service revenue churn for all periods presented. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. December 31, Dollar Percent Service revenue 2016 2015 Change Change (dollar amounts in thousands) Three months ended $ 60,149 $ 48,948 $ 11,201 22.9% Percentage of total revenue 94.5% 92.1% Nine months ended $ 173,162 $ 140,068 $ 33,094 23.6% Percentage of total revenue 92.6% 92.1% Service revenue consists primarily of revenue attributable to the provision of our 8x8 cloud communication, cloud based contact center software, and collaboration services. We expect that cloud software solutions service revenues will continue to comprise nearly all of our service revenues for the foreseeable future. 8x8 service revenues increased in the third quarter of fiscal 2017 compared with the third quarter of the previous fiscal year primarily due to an increase in our business customer subscriber base (net of customer churn), and an increase in the average monthly service revenue per customer. Average monthly service revenue per customer increased from $369 at December 31, 2015 to $414 at December 31, 2016. We expect growth in the number of business customers and average monthly service revenue per customer to continue to increase in fiscal 2017. 22 We translate revenue denominated in foreign currency into U.S. dollars for our financial statements. If the exchange rate for the GBP to the USD persists at current levels, or declines further, our revenues will be adversely impacted due to the foreign currency translation adjustment. We estimate the total negative impact on revenues to be approximately $4.2 million for fiscal 2017. December 31, Dollar Percent Product revenue 2016 2015 Change Change (dollar amounts in thousands) Three months ended $ 3,527 $ 4,220 $ (693) -16.4% Percentage of total revenue 5.5% 7.9% Nine months ended $ 13,738 $ 11,935 $ 1,803 15.1% Percentage of total revenue 7.4% 7.9% Product revenue consists primarily of revenue from sales of IP telephones in conjunction with our 8x8 cloud communication service. Product revenue decreased for the three months ended December 31, 2016 in part due to a decrease in equipment sales to business customers, as such customers have been replacing equipment in the work place with soft phones, cell phones, or using existing phones. Product revenue increased for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 primarily due to an increase in equipment sales to larger business customers. No customer represented greater than 10% of the Company's total revenues for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2016 or 2015. December 31, Dollar Percent Cost of service revenue 2016 2015 Change Change (dollar amounts in thousands) Three months ended $ 10,525 $ 9,713 $ 812 8.4% Percentage of service revenue 17.5% 19.8% Nine months ended $ 31,597 $ 27,359 $ 4,238 15.5% Percentage of service revenue 18.2% 19.5% The cost of service revenue primarily consists of costs associated with network operations and related personnel, communication origination and termination services provided by third party carriers, technology licenses, and royalty expenses. Cost of service revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2016 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $0.5 million increase in third party network services expenses, a $0.4 million increase in license and fee expenses, a $0.2 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses, a $0.1 million increase in payroll and related expenses, offset by a $0.5 million decrease in amortization of intangibles expense. Cost of service revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $2.1 million increase in third party network services expenses, a $0.7 million increase in license and fee expenses, a $0.5 million increase in payroll and related expenses, a $0.5 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses, a $0.4 million increase in amortization of capitalized software expense, and a $0.2 million increase in computer supplies expense, with a $0.2 million decrease in amortization of intangibles expense. 23 December 31, Dollar Percent Cost of product revenue 2016 2015 Change Change (dollar amounts in thousands) Three months ended $ 4,240 $ 5,087 $ (847) -16.7% Percentage of product revenue 120.2% 120.5% Nine months ended $ 15,527 $ 14,065 $ 1,462 10.4% Percentage of product revenue 113.0% 117.8% The cost of product revenue consists primarily of IP Telephones, estimated warranty obligations and direct and indirect costs associated with product purchasing, scheduling, shipping and handling. The amount of revenue allocated to product revenue based on relative selling price under our customer subscription agreements is less than the cost of the IP phone equipment. The cost of product revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2016 decreased slightly over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to the decrease in product revenue resulting from a decrease in equipment shipped to customers. The cost of product revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to an increase in equipment shipped to customers. The improvement in negative margin is due to higher product revenue in that period, less discounting of equipment in the current period, and to a decrease in our standard costs for certain phone equipment. December 31, Dollar Percent Research and development 2016 2015 Change Change (dollar amounts in thousands) Three months ended $ 7,095 $ 6,404 $ 691 10.8% Percentage of total revenue 11.1% 12.0% Nine months ended $ 20,310 $ 17,930 $ 2,380 13.3% Percentage of total revenue 10.9% 11.8% Historically, our research and development expenses have consisted primarily of personnel, system prototype design, and equipment costs necessary for us to conduct our development and engineering efforts. The research and development expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2016 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $0.9 million increase in payroll and related costs, a $0.3 million increase of facility allocation costs (which is based on employee headcount), a $0.3 million increase in consulting and outside services, a $0.2 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses, a $0.1 million increase in travel expenses, a $0.1 million increase in recruiting expenses, partially offset by $1.2 million of payroll and related costs, consulting and outside services capitalized in accordance with ASC 350-40. The research and development expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 increased over the comparable period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $3.0 million increase in payroll and related costs, a $0.9 million increase in facility allocation costs, a $0.6 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses, a $0.5 million increase in consulting, temporary personnel, and outside service expenses, partially offset by $2.9 million of payroll and related costs, consulting and outside services capitalized in accordance with ASC 350-40. We expect research and development expenses to increase for the foreseeable future as we continue to invest in our DXI unit and in the continued expansion of our research and development team in Romania. 24 December 31, Dollar Percent Sales and marketing 2016 2015 Change Change (dollar amounts in thousands) Three months ended $ 35,667 $ 27,585 $ 8,082 29.3% Percentage of total revenue 56.0% 51.9% Nine months ended $ 101,049 $ 78,138 $ 22,911 29.3% Percentage of total revenue 54.1% 51.4% Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel and related overhead costs for sales, marketing, and customer service which includes deployment engineering. Such costs also include outsourced customer service call center operations, sales commissions, as well as trade show, advertising and other marketing and promotional expenses. Sales and marketing expenses for the third quarter of fiscal 2017 increased over the same quarter in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $4.0 million increase in payroll and related costs, a $1.2 million increase in facility allocation costs, a $1.0 million increase in indirect channel commission expenses, a $0.7 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses, a $0.6 million increase in lead generation expenses, a $0.4 million increase in travel, meals and entertainment expense, a $0.2 million increase in bad debt expense, a $0.1 million increase in trade show expenses, a $0.1 million increase in public relation expenses, which were partially offset by a $0.5 million decrease in consulting, temporary personnel, and outside service expenses, and a $0.2 million decrease in amortization of intangibles expense. Sales and marketing expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 increased over the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily because of a $12.9 million increase in payroll and related costs, a $3.5 million increase in departmental allocation costs, a $1.9 million increase in indirect channel commissions, a $1.7 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses, a $1.1 million increase in lead generation expenses, a $0.9 million increase in travel, meals and entertainment expenses, a $0.4 million increase in public relations expenses, a $0.3 million increase in recruiting expenses, a $0.3 million increase in bad debt expense, a $0.2 million increase in facility costs, a $0.2 million increase in depreciation expense, which were partially offset by a $0.6 million decrease in consulting, temporary personnel, and outside service expenses, and a $0.3 million decrease in sales promotion expenses. In addition, total sales and marketing expense increased for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 increased by $1.1 million from expenses incurred from our DXI entity acquired in May 2015. We expect sales and marketing expenses to increase for the foreseeable future as we continue to increase our efforts to sell to larger businesses and to deploy our cloud communication and collaboration services globally to enterprise customers. December 31, Dollar Percent General and administrative 2016 2015 Change Change (dollar amounts in thousands) Three months ended $ 7,852 $ 6,888 $ 964 14.0% Percentage of total revenue 12.3% 13.0% Nine months ended $ 21,400 $ 18,614 $ 2,786 15.0% Percentage of total revenue 11.4% 12.2% General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel and related overhead costs for finance, human resources and general management. General and administrative expenses for the third quarter of fiscal 2017 increased over the same quarter in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a $0.4 million increase in payroll and related expenses, a $0.4 million increase in consulting, temporary personnel, and outside service expenses, a $0.2 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses, a $0.2 million increase in facility expenses, a $0.1 million increase in accounting and tax fees, offset by a $0.4 million decrease in departmental allocation costs. General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 increased over the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily because of a $1.4 million increase in stock-based compensation expenses, a $0.8 million increase in payroll and related expenses, a $0.7 million increase in facility expenses, partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease in legal fees, primarily as legal expenses were higher in the first quarter of fiscal 2016 due to acquisitions of new businesses. 25 December 31, Dollar Percent Other income, net 2016 2015 Change Change (dollar amounts in thousands) Three months ended $ 408 $ 272 $ 136 50.0% Percentage of total revenue 0.6% 0.5% Nine months ended $ 1,209 $ 710 $ 499 70.3% Percentage of total revenue 0.6% 0.5% Other income, net, primarily consisted of interest income earned on our cash, cash equivalents and investments and amortization or accretion of investments in fiscal 2017 and 2016. December 31, Dollar Percent Provision (benefit) for income tax 2016 2015 Change Change (dollar amounts in thousands) Three months ended $ 30 $ (557) $ 587 -105.4% Percentage of loss before provision (benefit) for income taxes -2.3% 24.9% Nine months ended $ 52 $ 651 $ (599) -92.0% Percentage of loss before provision (benefit) for income taxes -2.9% -19.2% For the three months ended December 31, 2016, we recorded a benefit from income taxes of $30,000, all of which related to net loss from operations. For the three months ended December 31, 2015, we recorded a provision for income taxes of $0.6 million, all of which related to net loss from operations. For the nine months ended December 31, 2016, we recorded a provision for income taxes of $52,000, all of which related to net loss from operations. For the nine months ended December 31, 2015, we recorded a provision for income taxes of $0.7 million, which was primarily attributable to domestic income from operations. The effective tax rate set forth in the previous table is calculated by dividing the income tax provision by net income before income tax expense. We estimate our annual effective tax rate at the end of each quarter. In estimating the annual effective tax rate, we, in consultation with our tax advisors, consider, among other things, annual pre-tax income, permanent tax differences, the geographic mix of pre-tax income and the application and interpretations of existing tax laws. We estimate our annual effective rate at the end of each quarterly period, and we record the tax effect of certain discrete items, which are unusual or occur infrequently, in the interim period in which they occur, including changes in judgment about deferred tax valuation allowances. The determination of the effective tax rate reflects tax expense and benefit generated in certain domestic and foreign jurisdictions. However, jurisdictions with a year-to-date loss where no tax benefit can be recognized are excluded from the annual effective tax rate. Liquidity and Capital Resources As of December 31, 2016, we had approximately $172.7 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 was approximately $22.2 million, compared with $15.4 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2015. Cash provided by operating activities has historically been affected by the amount of net loss, sales of subscriptions, changes in working capital accounts particularly in deferred revenue due to timing of annual plan renewals, add-backs of non-cash expense items such as the use of deferred tax assets, depreciation and amortization and the expense associated with stock-based awards. 26 The net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 was $20.6 million, during which we purchased approximately $10.2 million of short term investments, net of sales and maturities of short term investments, we spent approximately $6.5 million on the purchase of property and equipment, and we capitalized $3.9 million of internal use software. Net cash used in investing activities was approximately $35.6 million, during the nine months ended December 31, 2015, during which we spent approximately $3.3 million on the purchase of property and equipment, $1.3 million of internal use software costs capitalized in accordance with ASC 350-40, spent approximately $23.4 million on acquisitions of two businesses, and we purchased approximately $7.6 million short term investments, net of proceeds and maturities of short term investments. Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2016 was approximately $0.9 million, which primarily resulted from $2.8 million of repurchases of our common stock related to shares withheld for payroll taxes (primarily for net share settlements of restricted stock awards), $0.5 million of payments on capital leases, and $0.3 million of payments of contingent consideration and escrow, offset by $2.7 million of cash received from the issuance of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan. Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended December 31, 2015 were approximately $9.3 million, which was primarily due from cash used to repurchase our common stock as part of our Repurchase Plan in the amount of approximately $11.6 million, partially offset by cash received from the issuance of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan of approximately $2.8 million. Contractual Obligations Except as set forth below, there were no significant changes in our commitments under contractual obligations, as disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the nine months ended December 31, 2016. In June 2016, we entered into a new lease in London UK for our DXI location for approximately 16,000 square feet under an operating lease that expires in June 2026. We received an 18 month rent holiday from rent payments. After the rent holiday, the lease has a base monthly rent of approximately $90,000, and requires us to pay service charges and normal maintenance costs. The lease contains a break clause, which allows us to end the lease in June 2022, subject to certain conditions. In August 2016, we entered into a new lease in New York City for additional office space for approximately 5,200 square feet under an operating lease that expires in October 2021. The lease has a base monthly rent of approximately $26,000.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign Currency
Our financial market risk consists primarily of risks associated with international operations and related foreign currencies. We derive a portion of our revenue from customers in Europe and Asia. In order to reduce the risk from fluctuation in foreign exchange rates, the vast majority of our sales are denominated in U.S. dollars. In addition, almost all of our arrangements with our contract manufacturers are denominated in U.S. dollars. We have not entered into any currency hedging activities.
We translate revenue denominated in foreign currency into U.S. dollars for our financial statements. During periods of a strengthening dollar, our reported European revenue is reduced because foreign currencies translate into fewer U.S. dollars. However, our UK segments are currently in a net loss position. Therefore, during periods of a strengthening dollar, our net loss from our UK segment could be reduced as well.
To date, our exposure to exchange rate volatility has not been significant. However, the June 2016 vote on a referendum to exit the European Union decision has resulted in a steep decline in the exchange rate for GBP to USD. The impact of Brexit to our results of operations for the period ended December 31, 2016 was approximately $3.0 million.
27 Investments The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while maximizing income without significantly increasing risk. Some of the securities in which we invest may be subject to market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the principal amount of the investment to fluctuate. To minimize this risk, we may maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents and investments in a variety of securities, including commercial paper, money market funds, debt securities and certificates of deposit. The risk associated with fluctuating interest rates is limited to our investment portfolio and we do not believe that a 10% change in interest rates would have a significant impact on our interest income.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Disclosure Controls) that are designed to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports filed or submitted under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and that such information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our Disclosure Controls. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our Disclosure Controls were effective as of December 31, 2016.
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that our Disclosure Controls or internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system's objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the third quarter of fiscal 2016, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II -- OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings
Descriptions of our legal proceedings are contained in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements - Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - "Note 6".
ITEM 1A. Risk Factors
We face many significant risks in our business, some of which are unknown to us and not presently foreseen. These risks could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations in the future. We have disclosed a number of material risks under Part I, Item 1A of our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016, which we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 31, 2016. Except as presented below, there have been no material changes from the risk factors described in our Form 10-K.
28 Because our long-term growth strategy involves further expansion outside the United States, our business will be susceptible to risks associated with international operations. In addition, on June 23, 2016, the UK held a referendum in which a majority of voters voted to exit the European Union (Brexit). The result of the Brexit vote adversely impacted global markets and foreign currencies. In particular, the value of the Pound Sterling has sharply declined as compared to the U.S. Dollar and other currencies. This volatility in foreign currencies is expected to continue as the UK negotiates and executes its exit from the European Union but it is uncertain over what time period this will occur. A significantly weaker Pound Sterling compared to the U.S. Dollar could materially reduce our revenues after taking into account foreign currency translation adjustments.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 6. Exhibits
| Exhibit Number | Description |
| 31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| 31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| 32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| 32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document |
| 101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema |
| 101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase |
| 101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase |
| 101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase |
| 101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase |

29 SIGNATURE Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. Date: February 7, 2017 8X8, INC. (Registrant) By: /s/ M ARY E LLEN G ENOVESE MaryEllen Genovese Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Chief Accounting Officer and Duly Authorized Officer) 30

Question: What is the percentage change in the ratio of Total Liabilities to Total Assets from December 2016 to March 2016?

Python solution:
def solution():
     #Define variables name and value

    total_assets_december_2016 = 323848  # in thousands
    total_liabilities_december_2016 = 41573  # in thousands

    total_assets_march_2016 = 313452  # in thousands
    total_liabilities_march_2016 = 38146  # in thousands

    #Do math calculation to get the answer
    ratio_december_2016 = (total_liabilities_december_2016 / total_assets_december_2016) * 100
    ratio_march_2016 = (total_liabilities_march_2016 / total_assets_march_2016) * 100
    change_in_ratio = round(ratio_december_2016 - ratio_march_2016, 2)
    return change_in_ratio


Answer: 0.67