Item 1 – Financial Statements
3
﻿ Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) 3
﻿ Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) 4
﻿ Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) 5
﻿ Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) 6
﻿ Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) 7
﻿ Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 28
﻿ Item 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk 44
﻿ Item 4 – Controls and Procedures 45
﻿ PART II – Other Information 46
﻿ Item 1 – Legal Proceedings 46
﻿ Item 1A – Risk Factors 46
﻿ Item 2 – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 46
﻿ Item 3 – Defaults Upon Senior Securities 47
﻿ Item 5 – Other Information 48
﻿ Item 6 – Exhibits 48
﻿ SIGNATURES 49
Certifications
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PART 1 – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1 - Financial Statements
﻿
READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited; U.S. dollars in thousands, except share information)
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| ﻿ | 2019 | 2018 |
| ASSETS | (unaudited) |
| Current Assets: |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 12,648 | $ | 13,127 |
| Receivables | 7,094 | 8,045 |
| Inventory | 1,165 | 1,419 |
| Prepaid and other current assets | 9,642 | 7,667 |
| Total current assets | 30,549 | 30,258 |
| Operating property, net | 257,402 | 257,667 |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 229,266 | — |
| Investment and development property, net | 95,156 | 86,804 |
| Investment in unconsolidated joint ventures | 4,958 | 5,121 |
| Goodwill | 20,836 | 19,445 |
| Intangible assets, net | 3,694 | 7,369 |
| Deferred tax asset, net | 26,483 | 26,235 |
| Other assets | 6,199 | 6,129 |
| Total assets | $ | 674,543 | $ | 439,028 |
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |
| Current Liabilities: |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 23,492 | $ | 26,154 |
| Film rent payable | 6,559 | 8,661 |
| Debt - current portion | 40,077 | 30,393 |
| Derivative financial instruments - current portion | 52 | 41 |
| Taxes payable - current | 571 | 1,710 |
| Deferred current revenue | 7,712 | 9,264 |
| Operating lease liabilities - current portion | 19,797 | — |
| Other current liabilities | 9,525 | 9,305 |
| Total current liabilities | 107,785 | 85,528 |
| Debt - long-term portion | 113,816 | 106,286 |
| Derivative financial instruments - non-current portion | 203 | 145 |
| Subordinated debt, net | 26,116 | 26,061 |
| Noncurrent tax liabilities | 11,737 | 11,530 |
| Operating lease liabilities - non-current portion | 222,594 | — |
| Other liabilities | 12,346 | 28,931 |
| Total liabilities | 494,597 | 258,481 |
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 13) |
| Stockholders’ equity: |
| Class A non-voting common stock, par value $0.01, 100,000,000 shares authorized, |
| 33,172,823 issued and 21,249,935 outstanding at March 31, 2019 and 33,112,337 issued and 21,194,748 outstanding at December 31, 2018 | 233 | 232 |
| Class B voting common stock, par value $0.01, 20,000,000 shares authorized and |
| 1,680,590 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 | 17 | 17 |
| Nonvoting preferred stock, par value $0.01, 12,000 shares authorized and no issued |
| or outstanding shares at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 | — | — |
| Additional paid-in capital | 147,472 | 147,452 |
| Retained earnings | 45,563 | 47,616 |
| Treasury shares | (25,231) | (25,222) |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | 7,625 | 6,115 |
| Total Reading International, Inc. stockholders’ equity | 175,679 | 176,210 |
| Noncontrolling interests | 4,267 | 4,337 |
| Total stockholders’ equity | 179,946 | 180,547 |
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 674,543 | $ | 439,028 |

﻿
See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited; U.S. dollars in thousands, except per share data)
﻿
﻿
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| ﻿ | 2019 | 2018 |
| Revenue |
| Cinema | $ | 57,986 | $ | 72,255 |
| Real estate | 3,565 | 3,617 |
| Total revenue | 61,551 | 75,872 |
| Costs and expenses |
| Cinema | (48,329) | (54,948) |
| Real estate | (2,445) | (2,384) |
| Depreciation and amortization | (5,594) | (5,250) |
| General and administrative | (6,484) | (7,597) |
| Total costs and expenses | (62,852) | (70,179) |
| Operating income (loss) | (1,301) | 5,693 |
| Interest expense, net | (1,852) | (1,594) |
| Other income (expense) | (20) | (82) |
| Income (loss) before income tax expense and equity earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures | (3,173) | 4,017 |
| Equity earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures | 34 | 257 |
| Income (loss) before income taxes | (3,139) | 4,274 |
| Income tax benefit (expense) | 1,042 | (1,170) |
| Net income (loss) | $ | (2,097) | $ | 3,104 |
| Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | (16) | 22 |
| Net income (loss) attributable to Reading International, Inc. common shareholders | $ | (2,081) | $ | 3,082 |
| Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to Reading International, Inc. shareholders | $ | (0.09) | $ | 0.13 |
| Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to Reading International, Inc. shareholders | $ | (0.09) | $ | 0.13 |
| Weighted average number of shares outstanding–basic | 22,920,486 | 22,967,237 |
| Weighted average number of shares outstanding–diluted | 23,124,106 | 23,132,989 |

﻿
See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited; U.S. dollars in thousands)
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| ﻿ | 2019 | 2018 |
| Net income (loss) | $ | (2,097) | $ | 3,104 |
| Foreign currency translation gain (loss) | 1,526 | (803) |
| Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges | (69) | — |
| Other | 53 | 50 |
| Comprehensive income (loss) | (587) | 2,351 |
| Less: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | (16) | 22 |
| Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | 1 | (3) |
| Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Reading International, Inc. | $ | (572) | $ | 2,332 |

﻿
See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
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READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited; U.S. dollars in thousands)
﻿
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| ﻿ | 2019 | 2018 |
| Operating Activities |
| Net income (loss) | $ | (2,097) | $ | 3,104 |
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: |
| Equity earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures | (34) | (257) |
| Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures | 249 | 236 |
| Amortization of operating leases | 5,895 | — |
| Amortization of finance leases | 41 | — |
| Change in operating lease liabilities | (5,754) | — |
| Interest on hedged derivatives | (5) | — |
| Change in net deferred tax assets | (150) | 172 |
| Depreciation and amortization | 5,594 | 5,250 |
| Other amortization | 341 | 224 |
| Stock based compensation expense | 280 | 379 |
| Net changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
| Receivables | 993 | 3,205 |
| Prepaid and other assets | (1,957) | (2,309) |
| Payments for accrued pension | (171) | (2,404) |
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | (2,204) | 1,997 |
| Film rent payable | (2,132) | (5,790) |
| Taxes payable | (1,151) | 150 |
| Deferred revenue and other liabilities | (1,579) | (1,505) |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | (3,841) | 2,452 |
| Investing Activities |
| Purchases of and additions to operating and investment properties | (11,476) | (23,231) |
| Acquisition of business combinations | (1,380) | — |
| Change in restricted cash | 243 | (260) |
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (12,613) | (23,491) |
| Financing Activities |
| Repayment of long-term borrowings | (6,113) | (9,707) |
| Repayment of finance lease principle | (41) | — |
| Proceeds from borrowings | 22,349 | 25,998 |
| Repurchase of Class A Nonvoting Common Stock | (9) | (317) |
| (Cash paid) proceeds from the exercise of stock options | (259) | 203 |
| Noncontrolling interest contributions | 18 | 27 |
| Noncontrolling interest distributions | (27) | (43) |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 15,918 | 16,161 |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 57 | (122) |
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (479) | (5,000) |
| Cash and cash equivalents at January 1 | 13,127 | 13,668 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at March 31 | $ | 12,648 | $ | 8,668 |
| Supplemental Disclosures |
| Interest paid | $ | 2,304 | $ | 2,121 |
| Income taxes paid | 1,883 | 808 |
| Non-Cash Transactions |
| Additions to operating and investing properties through accrued expenses | 3,423 | 4,530 |

﻿
See accompanying Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Note 1 – Description of Business and Segment Reporting
The Company
Reading International, Inc., a Nevada corporation (“RDI” and collectively with our consolidated subsidiaries and corporate predecessors, the “Company”, “Reading” and “we”, “us”, or “our”), was incorporated in 1999. Our businesses consist primarily of:
| · | the operation, development and ownership of multiplex cinemas in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand; and, |

| · | the development, ownership, operation and/or rental of retail, commercial and live venue real estate assets in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. |

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Business Segments
Reported below are the operating segments of the Company for which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the Chief Executive Officer, the chief operating decision-maker of the Company. As part of our real estate activities, we hold undeveloped land in urban and suburban centers in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States.
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The table below summarizes the results of operations for each of our business segments for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Operating expense includes costs associated with the day-to-day operations of the cinemas and the management of rental properties, including our live theater assets.
﻿
﻿
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Revenue: |
| Cinema exhibition | $ | 57,986 | $ | 72,255 |
| Real estate | 5,431 | 6,008 |
| Inter-segment elimination | (1,866) | (2,391) |
| ﻿ | $ | 61,551 | $ | 75,872 |
| Segment operating income (loss): |
| Cinema exhibition | $ | 2,642 | $ | 10,285 |
| Real estate | 1,159 | 1,681 |
| ﻿ | $ | 3,801 | $ | 11,966 |

﻿
A reconciliation of segment operating income to income before income taxes is as follows:
﻿
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Segment operating income (loss) | $ | 3,801 | $ | 11,966 |
| Unallocated corporate expense |
| Depreciation and amortization expense | (61) | (117) |
| General and administrative expense | (5,041) | (6,156) |
| Interest expense, net | (1,852) | (1,594) |
| Equity earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures | 34 | 257 |
| Other income (expense) | (20) | (82) |
| Income (loss) before income tax expense | $ | (3,139) | $ | 4,274 |

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
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Basis of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries as well as majority-owned subsidiaries that the Company controls, and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018 (“2018 Form 10-K”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation. These consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim reporting with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). As such, they do not include
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all information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. We believe that we have included all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim period.
﻿
Operating results for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019.
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Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto. Significant estimates include (i) projections we make regarding the recoverability and impairment of our assets (including goodwill and intangibles), (ii) valuations of our derivative instruments, (iii) recoverability of our deferred tax assets, (iv) estimation of breakage and redemption experience rates, which drive how we recognize breakage on our gift card and gift certificates, and revenue from our customer loyalty program, and (v) allocation of insurance proceeds to various recoverable components. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
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Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Pronouncements
﻿
Adopted:
﻿
Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02 Leases: In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a new accounting standard, ASC 842 Leases, to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees with capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available.
﻿
On January 1, 2019, we adopted the new accounting standard Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842 Leases using the modified retrospective method. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new leasing standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. The standard had a material impact on our consolidated balance sheets, but not on our consolidated income statements or statements of cash flow.
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Balance atDecember 31,2018 | Adjustmentsdue to ASC842 | Balance atJanuary 1,2019 |
| Assets |
| Operating property, net | $ | 257,667 | $ | 370 | $ | 258,037 |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | — | 232,319 | 232,319 |
| Intangible assets, net | 7,369 | (3,542) | 3,827 |
| Deferred tax asset, net | 26,235 | 82 | 26,317 |
| Liabilities |
| Operating lease liabilities | $ | — | $ | 245,280 | $ | 245,280 |
| Other non-current liabilities | 28,931 | (16,033) | 12,898 |
| Stockholders' Equity |
| Non-controlling interest | $ | 4,337 | $ | (46) | $ | 4,291 |
| Retained earnings | 47,616 | 28 | 47,644 |

﻿
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Period Ended March 31, 2019 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | As Reported,March 31, 2019 | BalancesWithoutAdoption ofASC 842 | Effect ofchangeHigher /(Lower) |
| Cinema costs and expenses | $ | 48,329 | $ | 48,334 | $ | (5) |
| Depreciation and amortization | 5,594 | 5,552 | 42 |
| General and administrative | 6,484 | 6,528 | (44) |
| Interest expense, net | 1,852 | 1,849 | 3 |
| Income tax (benefit) expense | 1,042 | 1,041 | 1 |
| Net income (loss) | $ | (2,097) | $ | (2,094) | $ | 3 |

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﻿
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | As Reported,March 31, 2019 | BalancesWithoutAdoption ofASC 842 | Effect ofchangeHigher /(Lower) |
| Assets |
| Operating property, net | $ | 257,402 | $ | 257,072 | $ | 330 |
| Intangible assets | 3,694 | 7,151 | (3,457) |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 229,266 | — | 229,266 |
| Deferred tax asset, net | 26,483 | 26,400 | 83 |
| Liabilities |
| Other current liabilities | $ | 9,525 | $ | 9,363 | $ | 162 |
| Operating lease liabilities, current | 19,797 | — | 19,797 |
| Other non-current liabilities | 12,346 | 28,643 | (16,297) |
| Operating lease liabilities, non-current | 222,594 | — | 222,594 |
| Stockholders' Equity |
| Retained earnings | $ | 45,563 | $ | 45,585 | $ | (22) |

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| 1) | ASU 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers: On January 1, 2018, we adopted the new accounting standard ASC 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers using the modified retrospective method. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The comparative information was not restated. Adoption of this standard has no material effect on our consolidated financial statements. |

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| 2) | On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash, a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force. This standard requires that amounts generally described as restricted cash and cash equivalents should be combined with unrestricted cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning and end of period balances on the statement of cash flows. Adoption of this standard has no material effect on our consolidated statement of cash flows. |

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| 3) | On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments). The standard applies to eight (8) specific cash flow classification issues, reducing the current and potential future diversity in the presentation of certain cash flows. Adoption of this standard has no material effect on our consolidated statement of cash flows. |

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| 4) | On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2017-07, Compensation—Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. This standard (i) requires that an employer disaggregate the service cost component from the other components of net benefit cost, and (ii) specifies how to present the service cost component and the other components of net benefit cost in the income statement and (iii) allows only the service cost component of net benefit cost to be eligible for capitalization. Adoption of this standard has no material impact on our consolidated financial statements. |

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| 5) | On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business. This ASU provides that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the asset is not a “business”, thus reducing the number of transactions that need further evaluation for business combination. The standard has no material impact on our current consolidated financial statements, and we do not expect it to be applicable to our consolidated financial statements in the near term unless we enter into a definitive business acquisition transaction. |

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Issued:
﻿
| v | ASUs Effective 2019 and Beyond |

| · | Goodwill Impairment Simplification (ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment) |

﻿
Issued by FASB in January 2017, this standard removes the second step of the two-step impairment test for measuring goodwill and is to be applied on a prospective basis only. The new standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2020, including interim periods within the year of adoption. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment
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tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. It is not anticipated that adoption of this standard will have any material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
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Prior period financial statement correction of immaterial errors
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During the third quarter of 2018, we identified immaterial errors related to the accounting for straight line rent receivable from tenants in our real estate operations dating back to 2015. These errors resulted in an understatement of real estate revenue.
﻿
We assessed the materiality of these errors on our financial statements for prior periods in accordance with the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 99, Materiality, codified in ASC 250, Presentation of Financial Statements, and concluded that they were not material to any prior annual or interim periods. However, the aggregate amount of $440k related to the prior period immaterial errors through June 30, 2018, would have been material to the quarterly accounts with our current Consolidated Statements of Income. Consequently, in accordance with ASC 250 (specifically SAB No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements), we have corrected these errors for all prior periods presented by revising the consolidated financial statements and other financial information included herein.
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The following is a summary of the previously issued financial statement line items for all periods and statements included in this report.
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Consolidated Statements of Income:
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﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | As Reported | Adjustment | As Revised |
| Real estate revenue | $ | 3,567 | $ | 50 | $ | 3,617 |
| Total revenue | 75,822 | 50 | 75,872 |
| Operating income (loss) | 5,643 | 50 | 5,693 |
| Income before income taxes | 4,224 | 50 | 4,274 |
| Income tax benefit (expense) | (1,155) | (15) | (1,170) |
| Net income (loss) | 3,069 | 35 | 3,104 |
| Net income (loss) attributable to Reading International, Inc. common shareholders | 3,047 | 35 | 3,082 |
| ﻿ |
| Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | 0.13 | $ | — | $ | 0.13 |
| Diluted earnings (loss) per share | 0.13 | — | 0.13 |

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Consolidated Balance Sheets:
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﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Summary of Equity |
| (Dollars in thousands) | As Reported | Adjustment | As Revised |
| Equity at January 1, 2018 | $ | 176,910 | $ | 377 | $ | 177,287 |
| Net income (loss) | 3,047 | 35 | 3,082 |
| Equity at March 31, 2018 | $ | 179,423 | $ | 412 | $ | 179,835 |

﻿
﻿
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
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﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | As Reported | Adjustment | As Revised |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 3,069 | $ | 35 | $ | 3,104 |
| Change in net deferred tax assets | 157 | 15 | 172 |
| Prepaid and other assets | (2,259) | (50) | (2,309) |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 2,452 | $ | — | $ | 2,452 |

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Note 3 – Operations in Foreign Currency
﻿
We have significant assets in Australia and New Zealand. Historically, we have conducted our Australian and New Zealand operations (collectively “foreign operations”) on a self-funding basis where we use cash flows generated by our foreign operations to pay for the expense of foreign operations. Our Australian and New Zealand assets and liabilities are translated from their functional currencies of Australian dollar (“AU$”) and New Zealand dollar (“NZ$”), respectively, to the U.S. dollar based on the exchange rate as of March 31, 2019. The carrying value of the assets and liabilities of our foreign operations fluctuates as a result of changes in the exchange rates between the functional currencies of the foreign operations and the U.S. dollar. The translation adjustments are accumulated in the Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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Due to the natural-hedge nature of our funding policy, we have not historically used derivative financial instruments to hedge against the risk of foreign currency exposure. However, in certain circumstances, we move funds between jurisdictions where circumstances encouraged us to do so from an overall economic standpoint. Going forward, particularly in light of recent tax law changes, we intend to take a more global view of our financial resources, and to be more flexible in making use of resources from one jurisdiction in other jurisdictions.
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Presented in the table below are the currency exchange rates for Australia and New Zealand:
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﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Foreign Currency / USD |
| ﻿ | As of andfor thequarterended | As of andfor thetwelve monthsended | As of andfor thequarterended |
| ﻿ | March 31, 2019 | December 31, 2018 | March 31, 2018 |
| Spot Rate |
| Australian Dollar | 0.7104 | 0.7046 | 0.7690 |
| New Zealand Dollar | 0.6820 | 0.6711 | 0.7239 |
| Average Rate |
| Australian Dollar | 0.7123 | 0.7479 | 0.7861 |
| New Zealand Dollar | 0.6816 | 0.6930 | 0.7275 |

Note 4 – Earnings Per Share
﻿
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing the net income attributable to the Company’s common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing the net income attributable to the Company’s common stockholders by the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period and is calculated using the treasury stock method for equity-based compensation awards.
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The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS and a reconciliation of the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding:
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﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands, except share data) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Numerator: |
| Net income (loss) attributable to RDI common stockholders | $ | (2,081) | $ | 3,082 |
| Denominator: |
| Weighted average number of common stock – basic | 22,920,486 | 22,967,237 |
| Weighted average dilutive impact of awards | 203,620 | 165,752 |
| Weighted average number of common stock – diluted | 23,124,106 | 23,132,989 |
| Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to RDI common stockholders | $ | (0.09) | $ | 0.13 |
| Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to RDI common stockholders | $ | (0.09) | $ | 0.13 |
| Awards excluded from diluted earnings (loss) per share | 496,089 | — |

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Our weighted average number of common stock - basic decreased, primarily as a result of the repurchase of shares of Class A Non-Voting Common Stock pursuant to our current stock repurchase program offset by the issuance of shares due to the exercise of share options and vesting of restricted stock units.
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Note 5 – Property and Equipment
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Operating Property, net
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As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, property associated with our operating activities is summarized as follows:
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﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Land | $ | 76,110 | $ | 75,689 |
| Building and improvements | 151,525 | 149,734 |
| Leasehold improvements | 56,160 | 55,299 |
| Fixtures and equipment | 171,674 | 167,943 |
| Construction-in-progress | 3,185 | 3,478 |
| Total cost | 458,654 | 452,143 |
| Less: accumulated depreciation | (201,252) | (194,476) |
| Operating property, net | $ | 257,402 | $ | 257,667 |

﻿
Depreciation expense for operating property was $5.4 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 and $4.7 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.
﻿
Investment and Development Property, net
﻿
As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, our investment and development property is summarized below:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Land | $ | 24,310 | $ | 24,371 |
| Building | 1,900 | 1,900 |
| Construction-in-progress (including capitalized interest) | 68,946 | 60,533 |
| Investment and development property | $ | 95,156 | $ | 86,804 |

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Construction-in-Progress – Operating and Investing Properties
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Construction-in-Progress balances are included in both our operating and development properties. The balances of our major projects along with the movements for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are shown below:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Balance,December 31,2018 | Additions during the period(1) | Completedduring theperiod | Foreigncurrencytranslation | Balance,March 31,2019 |
| Union Square development | $ | 55,634 | $ | 7,724 | $ | — | $ | (1) | $ | 63,357 |
| Newmarket Property development | 9 | 4 | — | — | 13 |
| Courtenay Central development | 5,571 | 234 | — | 94 | 5,899 |
| Cinema developments and improvements | 1,664 | 3,551 | (3,997) | 4 | 1,222 |
| Other real estate projects | 1,133 | 528 | (27) | 6 | 1,640 |
| Total | $ | 64,011 | $ | 12,041 | $ | (4,024) | $ | 103 | $ | 72,131 |

﻿
| (1) | Includes capitalized interest of $1.3 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019. |

﻿
Real Estate Transactions
﻿
Purchase of Income Producing Property at Auburn/Redyard, Australia – On June 29, 2018, we added 20,870 square feet of land, improved with a 16,830 square foot office building, to our Auburn/Redyard ETC. The property was acquired at auction for $3.5 million (AU$4.5 million) and is bordered by our existing ETC on three sides. The property is leased to Telstra through July 2022. This will allow us time to plan for the efficient integration of the property into our ETC. With this acquisition, Auburn/Redyard now represents approximately 519,992 square feet (48,309 square meters) of land, with approximately 1,620 feet (498 meters) of uninterrupted frontage to Parramatta Road, a major Sydney arterial motorway.
﻿
12
Purchase of Land at Cannon Park in Townsville, Australia – On June 13, 2018, we acquired a 163,000 square foot (15,150 square meter) parcel of land at our Cannon Park ETC, in connection with the restructuring of our relationship with the adjacent land owner. Prior to the restructuring, this parcel was commonly owned by us and the adjoining land owner. In the restructuring, the adjoining land owner conveyed to us its interest in the parcel for AU$1. We granted the adjoining land owner certain access rights with respect to that parcel.
﻿
Note 6 – Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures
﻿
Our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures are accounted for under the equity method of accounting.
﻿
The table below summarizes our active investment holdings in two (2) unconsolidated joint ventures as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Interest | 2019 | 2018 |
| Rialto Cinemas | 50.0% | $ | 1,224 | $ | 1,260 |
| Mt. Gravatt | 33.3% | 3,734 | 3,861 |
| Total investments | $ | 4,958 | $ | 5,121 |

﻿
For the quarter ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the recognized share of equity earnings from our investments in unconsolidated joint ventures are as follows:
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Rialto Cinemas | $ | (56) | $ | 70 |
| Mt. Gravatt | 90 | 187 |
| Total equity earnings | $ | 34 | $ | 257 |

Note 7 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets
﻿
The table below summarizes goodwill by business segment as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Cinema | Real Estate | Total |
| Balance at, December 31, 2018 | $ | 14,221 | $ | 5,224 | $ | 19,445 |
| Change in goodwill due to a purchase of business combination | 1,248 | — | 1,248 |
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | 143 | — | 143 |
| Balance at, March 31, 2019 | $ | 15,612 | $ | 5,224 | $ | 20,836 |

﻿
The Company is required to test goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis and, if current events or circumstances require, on an interim basis. Our next annual evaluation of goodwill and other intangible assets is scheduled during the fourth quarter of 2019. To test the impairment of goodwill, the Company compares the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying amount, including the goodwill, to determine if there is potential goodwill impairment. A reporting unit is generally one level below the operating segment. As of March 31, 2019, we were not aware that any events indicating potential impairment of goodwill had occurred.
﻿
The tables below summarize intangible assets other than goodwill as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | As of March 31, 2019 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | BeneficialLeases | TradeName | OtherIntangibleAssets | Total |
| Gross carrying amount | $ | 15,069 | $ | 7,255 | $ | 1,999 | $ | 24,323 |
| Less: Accumulated amortization | (14,260) | (5,269) | (1,100) | (20,629) |
| Net intangible assets other than goodwill | $ | 809 | $ | 1,986 | $ | 899 | $ | 3,694 |

﻿
13
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | As of December 31, 2018 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | BeneficialLeases | TradeName | OtherIntangibleAssets | Total |
| Gross carrying amount | $ | 28,592 | $ | 7,254 | $ | 1,951 | $ | 37,797 |
| Less: Accumulated amortization | (24,145) | (5,207) | (1,076) | (30,428) |
| Net intangible assets other than goodwill | $ | 4,447 | $ | 2,047 | $ | 875 | $ | 7,369 |

﻿
Beneficial leases were amortized over the life of the lease up to 30 years up until January 1, 2019, when under ASC 842 they were incorporated into the relevant right-of-use asset. Trade names are amortized based on the accelerated amortization method over their estimated useful life of 30 years, and other intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives of up to 30 years (except for transferrable liquor licenses, which are indefinite-lived assets). The table below summarizes the amortization expense of intangible assets for the quarter ended March 31, 2019.
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Beneficial lease amortization | $ | 79 | $ | 207 |
| Other amortization | 22 | 93 |
| Total intangible assets amortization | $ | 101 | $ | 300 |

Note 8 – Prepaid and Other Assets
﻿
Prepaid and other assets are summarized as follows:
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Prepaid and other current assets |
| Prepaid expenses | $ | 2,105 | $ | 1,761 |
| Prepaid rent | 1,020 | 930 |
| Prepaid taxes | 1,026 | 646 |
| Income taxes receivable | 4,106 | 2,704 |
| Deposits | 242 | 242 |
| Investment in marketable securities | 44 | 42 |
| Restricted cash | 1,099 | 1,342 |
| Total prepaid and other current assets | $ | 9,642 | $ | 7,667 |
| Other non-current assets |
| Straight-line rent | 4,219 | 4,150 |
| Other non-cinema and non-rental real estate assets | 1,134 | 1,134 |
| Investment in Reading International Trust I | 838 | 838 |
| Long-term deposits | 8 | 7 |
| Long-term restricted cash | — | — |
| Total other non-current assets | $ | 6,199 | $ | 6,129 |

Note 9 – Income Taxes
﻿
The interim provision for income taxes is different from the amount determined by applying the U.S. federal statutory rate to consolidated income before taxes. The differences are attributable to foreign tax rate differential, unrecognized tax benefits, and foreign tax credits. Our effective tax rate was 33.2% and 27.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The change between 2019 and 2018 is primarily related to decrease in benefits from foreign tax credits and increase in valuation allowance related to our foreign operation.
﻿
14
Note 10 – Debt
﻿
The Company’s borrowings at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, net of deferred financing costs and including the impact of interest rate derivatives on effective interest rates, are summarized below:
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | As of March 31, 2019 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Maturity Date | ContractualFacility | Balance,Gross | Balance, Net(1) | StatedInterest Rate | Effective Interest Rate(2) |
| Denominated in USD |
| Trust Preferred Securities (USA) | April 30, 2027 | $ | 27,913 | $ | 27,913 | $ | 26,116 | 6.75% | 6.75% |
| Bank of America Credit Facility (USA) | May 1, 2020 | 55,000 | 30,000 | 30,000 | 5.02% | 5.02% |
| Bank of America Line of Credit (USA) | October 31, 2019 | 5,000 | 3,500 | 3,500 | 5.52% | 5.52% |
| Banc of America digital projector loan (USA) | December 28, 2019 | 1,979 | 1,979 | 1,979 | 5.00% | 5.00% |
| Cinema 1, 2, 3 Term Loan (USA) | September 1, 2019 | 18,978 | 18,978 | 18,768 | 3.25% | 3.25% |
| Minetta & Orpheum Theatres Loan (USA) | November 1, 2023 | 8,000 | 8,000 | 7,864 | 4.54% | 4.54% |
| U.S. Corporate Office Term Loan (USA) | January 1, 2027 | 9,437 | 9,437 | 9,319 | 4.64% / 4.44% | 4.61% |
| Union Square Construction Financing (USA) | December 29, 2019 | 57,500 | 33,934 | 32,463 | 6.76% / 12.51% | 8.02% |
| Denominated in foreign currency ("FC") (3) |
| NAB Corporate Term Loan (AU) | December 31, 2023 | 85,248 | 40,138 | 40,111 | 2.70% | 2.70% |
| Westpac Bank Corporate (NZ) | December 31, 2023 | 21,824 | 9,889 | 9,889 | 3.80% | 3.80% |
| ﻿ | $ | 290,879 | $ | 183,768 | $ | 180,009 |

﻿
| (1) | Net of deferred financing costs amounting to $3.8 million. |

| (2) | Both interest rate derivatives associated with the Trust Preferred Securities and Bank of America Credit Facility expired in October 2017 so the effective interest rate no longer applies as of March 31, 2019. |

| (3) | The contractual facilities and outstanding balances of the foreign currency denominated borrowings were translated into U.S. dollars based on the applicable exchange rates as of March 31, 2019. |

﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | As of December 31, 2018 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Maturity Date | ContractualFacility | Balance,Gross | Balance, Net(1) | StatedInterestRate | Effective Interest Rate (2) |
| Denominated in USD |
| Trust Preferred Securities (USA) | April 30, 2027 | $ | 27,913 | $ | 27,913 | $ | 26,061 | 6.52% | 6.52% |
| Bank of America Credit Facility (USA) | May 1, 2020 | 55,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 5.02% | 5.02% |
| Bank of America Line of Credit (USA) | October 31, 2019 | 5,000 | — | — | 5.48% | 5.48% |
| Banc of America digital projector loan (USA) | December 28, 2019 | 2,604 | 2,604 | 2,604 | 5.00% | 5.00% |
| Cinema 1, 2, 3 Term Loan (USA) | September 1, 2019 | 19,086 | 19,086 | 18,838 | 3.25% | 3.25% |
| Minetta & Orpheum Theatres Loan (USA) | November 1, 2023 | 8,000 | 8,000 | 7,857 | 4.88% | 4.88% |
| U.S. Corporate Office Term Loan (USA) | January 1, 2027 | 9,495 | 9,495 | 9,373 | 4.64% / 4.44% | 4.61% |
| Union Square Construction Financing (USA) | December 29, 2019 | 57,500 | 27,182 | 25,280 | 6.76% / 12.51% | 8.35% |
| Denominated in foreign currency ("FC")(3) |
| NAB Corporate Loan Facility (AU) | December 31, 2023 | 46,856 | 37,696 | 37,660 | 3.05% | 3.05% |
| Westpac Corporate Credit Facility (NZ) | December 31, 2023 | 21,475 | 10,067 | 10,067 | 3.80% | 3.80% |
| ﻿ | $ | 252,929 | $ | 167,043 | $ | 162,740 |

﻿
| (1) | Net of deferred financing costs amounting to $4.3 million. |

﻿
| (2) | Both interest rate derivatives associated with the Trust Preferred Securities and Bank of America Credit Facility expired in October 2017 so the effective interest rate no longer applies as of December 31, 2018. |

| (3) | The contractual facilities and outstanding balances of the foreign currency denominated borrowings were translated into U.S. dollars based on the applicable exchange rates as of December 31, 2018. |

﻿
Our loan arrangements are presented, net of the deferred financing costs, on the face of our consolidated balance sheet as follows:
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| Balance Sheet Caption | 2019 | 2018 |
| Debt - current portion | $ | 40,077 | $ | 30,393 |
| Debt - long-term portion | 113,816 | 106,286 |
| Subordinated debt | 26,116 | 26,061 |
| Total borrowings | $ | 180,009 | $ | 162,740 |

﻿
15
Minetta and Orpheum Theatres Loan
﻿
On October 12, 2018, we refinanced our $7.5 million loan with Santander Bank, which is secured by our Minetta and Orpheum Theatres, with a loan for a five year term of $8.0 million. Such modification was not considered to be substantial under US GAAP.
﻿
Banc of America Digital Projector Loan
﻿
On February 5, 2018, we purchased our U.S. digital cinema projectors, which had previously been held on operating leases, using a $4.6 million loan from Banc of America. We made further U.S. digital projector purchases, of projectors similarly held on other operating leases, in March and April 2018, increasing this loan to $4.9 million. This loan carries an interest rate of 5% and is due and payable December 28, 2019.
﻿
Bank of America Credit Facility
﻿
On March 3, 2016, we amended our $55.0 million credit facility with Bank of America to permit real property acquisition loans. This amendment reduces the applicable consolidated leverage ratio covenant by 0.25% and modifies the term of the facility based on the earlier of the eighteen months from the date of such borrowing or the maturity date of the credit agreement. Such modification was not considered substantial in accordance with U.S. GAAP. On March 5, 2019, this Credit Facility was extended for six (6) months to May 1, 2020.
﻿
44 Union Square Construction Financing
﻿
On December 29, 2016, we closed on our new construction finance facilities totaling $57.5 million to fund the non-equity portion of the anticipated construction costs of the redevelopment of our property at 44 Union Square in New York City. The combined facilities consist of $50.0 million in aggregate loans (comprised of three loan tranches) from Bank of the Ozarks (“BOTO”), and a $7.5 million mezzanine loan from Tammany Mezz Investor, LLC, an affiliate of Fisher Brothers. At December 31, 2016, Bank of the Ozarks advanced $8.0 million to repay the then existing $8.0 million loan with East West Bank. As of March 31, 2019, an additional $26.4 million had been advanced under the senior loan facility, along with the full $7.5 million available under the mezzanine loan facility.
﻿
U.S. Corporate Office Term Loan
﻿
On December 13, 2016, we obtained a ten-year $8.4 million mortgage loan on our new Los Angeles Corporate Headquarters at a fixed annual interest rate of 4.64%. This loan provided for a second loan upon completion of certain improvements. On June 26, 2017, we obtained a further $1.5 million under this provision at a fixed annual interest rate of 4.44%.
﻿
Bank of America Line of Credit
﻿
In October 2016, the term of this $5.0 million line of credit was extended to October 31, 2019. Such modification was not considered to be substantial under US GAAP.
﻿
Cinema 1,2,3 Term Loan
﻿
On August 31, 2016, Sutton Hill Properties LLC (“SHP”), a 75% subsidiary of RDI, refinanced its $15.0 million Santander Bank term loan with a new lender, Valley National Bank. This new $20.0 million loan is collateralized by our Cinema 1,2,3 property and bears an interest rate of 3.25% per annum, with principal installments and accruing interest paid monthly. The new loan matures on September 1, 2019, with a one-time option to extend maturity date for another year. The Company presently intends to exercise that option and to extend the maturity date until September 1, 2020.
﻿
Westpac Bank Corporate Credit Facility (NZ)
﻿
On December 20, 2018, we restructured our Westpac Corporate Credit Facilities. The maturity of the 1st tranche (general/non-construction credit line) was extended to December 31, 2023, with the available facility being reduced from NZ$35.0 million to NZ$32.0 million. The facility bears an interest rate of 1.75% above the Bank Bill Bid Rate on the drawn down balance and a 1.1% line of credit charge on the entire facility. The 2nd tranche (construction line) with a facility of NZ$18.0 million was not renewed.
﻿
Australian NAB Corporate Term Loan (AU)
﻿
On March 15, 2019, we amended our Revolving Corporate Markets Loan Facility with National Australia Bank (“NAB”) from a facility comprised of (i) a AU$66.5 million loan facility with an interest rate of 0.95% above the Bank Bill Swap Bid Rate (“BBSY”) and a maturity date of June 30, 2019 and (ii) a bank guarantee of AU$5.0 million at a rate of 1.90% per annum into a (i) AU$120.0
16
million Corporate Loan facility at rates of 0.85%-1.30% above BBSY depending on certain ratios with a due date of December 31, 2023, of which AU$80.0 million is revolving and AU$40.0 million is core and (ii) a Bank Guarantee Facility of AU$5.0 million at a rate of 1.85% per annum. Prior to this, on June 12, 2018, we had extended the maturity of these facilities from June 30, 2019, to December 31, 2019. Such modifications of this particular term loan were not considered to be substantial under US GAAP.
Note 11 – Other Liabilities
﻿
Other liabilities are summarized as follows:
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Current liabilities |
| Lease liability | $ | 5,900 | $ | 5,900 |
| Liability for demolition costs | 2,664 | 2,630 |
| Accrued pension | 684 | 684 |
| Security deposit payable | 88 | 84 |
| Finance lease liabilities | 162 | — |
| Other | 27 | 7 |
| Other current liabilities | $ | 9,525 | $ | 9,305 |
| Other liabilities |
| Straight-line rent | $ | — | $ | 16,362 |
| Lease make-good provision | 5,722 | 5,614 |
| Accrued pension | 4,544 | 4,670 |
| Environmental reserve | 1,656 | 1,656 |
| Deferred revenue - real estate | 9 | 32 |
| Acquired leases | 47 | 91 |
| Finance lease liabilities | 169 | — |
| Other | 199 | 506 |
| Other liabilities | $ | 12,346 | $ | 28,931 |

﻿
On August 29, 2014, the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”) that has been effective since March 1, 2007, was ended and replaced in accordance with the terms of a pension annuity. As a result of the termination of the SERP program, the accrued pension liability of $7.6 million was reversed and replaced with this pension annuity liability of $7.5 million. The valuation of the liability is based on the present value of $10.2 million discounted at a rate of 4.25% over a 15-year term, resulting in a monthly payment of $57,000. The discount rate of 4.25% has been applied since 2014 to determine the net periodic benefit cost and plan benefit obligation and is expected to be used in future years. The discounted value of $2.7 million (which is the difference between the estimated payout of $10.2 million and the present value of $7.5 million) as of August 29, 2014 will be amortized and expensed based on the 15-year term. In addition, the accumulated actuarial loss of $3.1 million recorded, as part of other comprehensive income will also be amortized based on the 15-year term.
﻿
In February 2018 we made a payment of $2.4 million relating to the annuity representing payments for the 42 months outstanding at the time. Monthly ongoing payments of $57,000 are now being made.
﻿
As a result of the above, included in our current and non-current liabilities are accrued pension costs of $5.2 million at March 31, 2019. The benefits of our pension plan are fully vested and therefore no service costs were recognized for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. Our pension plan is unfunded.
﻿
During the quarter ended March 31, 2019, the interest cost was $51,000 and actuarial loss was $51,000. During the quarter ended March 31, 2018, the interest cost was $45,000 and actuarial loss was $52,000.
17
Note 12 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
﻿
The following table summarizes the changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income attributable to RDI:
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | ForeignCurrencyItems | UnrealizedGain (Losses)on Available-for-SaleInvestments | AccruedPensionService Costs | Hedge Accounting Reserve | Total |
| Balance at January 1, 2019 | $ | 8,687 | $ | 3 | $ | (2,438) | $ | (137) | $ | 6,115 |
| ﻿ |
| Change related to derivatives |
| Total change in hedge fair value recorded in Other Comprehensive Income | — | — | — | (81) | (81) |
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income | — | — | — | 12 | 12 |
| Net change related to derivatives | — | — | — | (69) | (69) |
| ﻿ |
| Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss) | 1,526 | 2 | 51 | (69) | 1,510 |
| Balance at March 31, 2019 | $ | 10,213 | $ | 5 | $ | (2,387) | $ | (206) | $ | 7,625 |

Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies
﻿
Litigation General
﻿
We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings and, as required, have accrued estimates of probable and estimable losses for the resolution of these claims, including legal costs.
| · | Where we are a plaintiff, we accrue legal fees as incurred on an on-going basis and make no provision for any potential settlement amounts until received. In Australia, the prevailing party is usually entitled to recover its attorneys’ fees, which recoveries typically work out to be approximately 60% of the amounts actually spent where first-class legal counsel is engaged at customary rates. Where we are a plaintiff, we have likewise made no provision for the liability for the defendant’s attorneys' fees in the event we are determined not to be the prevailing party. |

| · | Where we are a defendant, we accrue for probable damages that insurance may not cover as they become known and can be reasonably estimated. In our opinion, any claims and litigation in which we are currently involved are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial position, or liquidity. It is possible, however, that future results of the operations for any particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by the ultimate outcome of the legal proceedings. From time-to-time, we are involved with claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of our business that may include contractual obligations, insurance claims, tax claims, employment matters, and anti-trust issues, among other matters. |

﻿
All of these matters require significant judgments based on the facts known to us. These judgments are inherently uncertain and can change significantly when additional facts become known. We provide accruals for matters that have probable likelihood of occurrence and can be properly estimated as to their expected negative outcome. We do not record expected gains until the proceeds are received by us. However, we typically make no accruals for potential costs of defense, as such amounts are inherently uncertain and dependent upon the scope, extent and aggressiveness of the activities of the applicable plaintiff.
﻿
Environmental and Asbestos Claims on Reading Legacy Operations
Certain of our subsidiaries were historically involved in railroad operations, coal mining, and manufacturing. Also, certain of these subsidiaries appear in the chain-of-title of properties that may suffer from pollution. Accordingly, certain of these subsidiaries have, from time-to-time, been named in and may in the future be named in various actions brought under applicable environmental laws. Also, we are in the real estate development business and may encounter from time-to-time unanticipated environmental conditions at properties that we have acquired for development. These environmental conditions can increase the cost of such projects and adversely affect the value and potential for profit of such projects. We do not currently believe that our exposure under applicable environmental laws is material in amount.
﻿
From time to time, there are claims brought against us relating to the exposure of former employees of our railroad operations to asbestos and coal dust. These are generally covered by an insurance settlement reached in September 1990 with our insurance providers. However, this insurance settlement does not cover litigation by people who were not our employees and who may claim second-hand exposure to asbestos, coal dust and/or other chemicals or elements now recognized as potentially causing cancer in humans. Our known exposure to these types of claims, asserted or probable of being asserted, is not material.
﻿
18
Cotter Jr. Derivative Litigation
﻿
This action was originally brought by James J. Cotter, Jr. (“Cotter Jr.”) in June, 2015 in the Nevada District Court against all of the Directors of the Company and against the Company as a nominal defendant: James J. Cotter, Jr., individually and derivatively on behalf of Reading International, Inc. vs. Margaret Cotter, et al.” Case No,: A-15-719860-V. Summary judgment has been entered against Cotter, Jr., and in favor of all defendants and a $1.55 million cost judgment has been entered against Cotter, Jr., and in favor of our Company. Cotter, Jr. has appealed both judgements. Our application for $5.9 million in attorney’s fees was denied, and we have appealed that determination. The issues on appeal are currently being briefed. No date for oral argument has been set. It is unlikely that any hearing will be held this year. As the Directors and Officers Liability Insurance Policy covering Cotter, Jr.’s claims in the Derivative Case ($10.0 million) has been exhausted, the financial burden of defending our Directors against these claims, as required by applicable Nevada Law, has fallen upon our Company. During 2018, out-of-pocket third party costs in the amount of approximately $3.5 million were incurred by our Company in defending against these claims. In the quarter ended March 31, 2019, an additional $387,000 had been accrued, relating principally to the preparation of appellate briefs with respect to the Derivative Litigation.
Note 14 – Non-controlling Interests
﻿
These are composed of the following enterprises:
| · | Australia Country Cinemas Pty Ltd. - 25% noncontrolling interest owned by Panorama Cinemas for 21st Century Pty Ltd.; |

| · | Shadow View Land and Farming, LLC - 50% noncontrolling membership interest owned by either the estate of Mr. James J. Cotter, Sr. (the “Cotter Estate”) and/or the James J. Cotter, Sr. Living Trust (the “Cotter Trust”); and, |

| · | Sutton Hill Properties, LLC - 25% noncontrolling interest owned by Sutton Hill Capital, LLC (which in turn is 50% owned by the Cotter Estate and/or the Cotter Trust). |

﻿
The components of noncontrolling interests are as follows:
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Australian Country Cinemas, Pty Ltd | $ | 27 | $ | 89 |
| Shadow View Land and Farming, LLC | 2,156 | 2,153 |
| Sutton Hill Properties, LLC | 2,084 | 2,095 |
| Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries | $ | 4,267 | $ | 4,337 |

﻿
The components of income attributable to noncontrolling interests are as follows:
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Australian Country Cinemas, Pty Ltd | $ | 9 | $ | 41 |
| Shadow View Land and Farming, LLC | (14) | (13) |
| Sutton Hill Properties, LLC | (11) | (6) |
| Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | $ | (16) | $ | 22 |

﻿
19
Summary of Controlling and Noncontrolling Stockholders’ Equity
﻿
A summary of the changes in controlling and noncontrolling stockholders’ equity is as follows:
﻿
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | ControllingStockholders’Equity | NoncontrollingStockholders’Equity | TotalStockholders’Equity |
| Equity at January 1, 2019 | $ | 176,210 | $ | 4,337 | $ | 180,547 |
| Adjustments to opening retained earnings on adoption of ASC 842 | 28 | (46) | (18) |
| Net income (loss) | (2,081) | (16) | (2,097) |
| Increase in additional paid in capital | 21 | — | 21 |
| Treasury stock purchased | (9) | — | (9) |
| Contributions from noncontrolling stockholders | — | 18 | 18 |
| Distributions to noncontrolling stockholders | — | (27) | (27) |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income | 1,510 | 1 | 1,511 |
| Equity at March 31, 2019 | $ | 175,679 | $ | 4,267 | $ | 179,946 |
| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | ControllingStockholders’Equity | NoncontrollingStockholders’Equity | TotalStockholders’Equity |
| Equity at January 1, 2018 | $ | 177,287 | $ | 4,331 | $ | 181,618 |
| Adjustments to opening retained earnings on adoption of ASC 606 | 194 | (2) | 192 |
| Net income (loss) | 3,082 | 22 | 3,104 |
| Increase in additional paid in capital | 339 | — | 339 |
| Treasury stock purchased | (317) | — | (317) |
| Contributions from noncontrolling stockholders | — | 27 | 27 |
| Distributions to noncontrolling stockholders | — | (43) | (43) |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (750) | (3) | (753) |
| Equity at March 31, 2018 | $ | 179,835 | $ | 4,332 | $ | 184,167 |

Note 15 – Stock-Based Compensation and Stock Repurchases
﻿
Employee and Director Stock Option Plan
﻿
The Company may grant stock options and other share-based payment awards of our Common Stock to eligible employees, directors, and consultants under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The aggregate total number of shares of the Common Stock authorized for issuance under the Plan is 2,197,460.
﻿
During the Company’s 2017 Annual Stockholders’ Meeting held on November 7, 2017, the Company's stockholders, upon recommendation of the Board of Directors, approved an amendment to the Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock issuable under the Plan by an additional 947,460 shares. The effect of the increase is to restore the amount of shares of Common Stock available under the Plan from the 302,540 shares available as of September 30, 2017, back up to its original reserve of 1,250,000 shares. As of March 31, 2019, we had 789,869 shares remaining for future issuances.
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Since the adoption of the Plan in 2010, the Company has granted awards primarily in the form of stock options. In the 1st quarter of 2016, the Company started to award restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to directors and certain members of management. Stock options are generally granted at exercise prices equal to the grant-date market prices and typically expire no later than five years from the grant date. In contrast to a stock option where the grantee buys the Company’s share at an exercise price determined on grant date, an RSU entitles the grantee to receive one share for every RSU based on a vesting plan. At the discretion of our Compensation and Stock Options Committee, the vesting period of stock options and RSUs granted to employees ranges from zero to four years. Grants to directors and certain executive officers are subject to Board approval. At the time the options are exercised or RSUs vest and are settled, at the discretion of management, we will issue treasury shares or make a new issuance of shares to the option or RSU holder.
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Stock Options
We estimate the grant-date fair value of our stock options using the Black-Scholes option-valuation model, which takes into account assumptions such as the dividend yield, the risk-free interest rate, the expected stock price volatility, and the expected life of the options. We expense the estimated grant-date fair values of options over the vesting period on a straight-line basis. Based on our
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historical experience, the “deemed exercise” of expiring in-the-money options and the relative market price to strike price of the options, we have not hereto estimated any forfeitures of vested or unvested options.
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There were 219,408 stock options issued in the quarter ended March 31, 2019. The weighted average assumptions used in the option-valuation model were as follows:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| ﻿ | 2019 | 2018 |
| Stock option exercise price | $ | 16.12 | $ | — |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.42% | 0.00% |
| Expected dividend yield | — | — |
| Expected option life in years | 3.75 | — |
| Expected volatility | 23.32% | 0.00% |
| Weighted average fair value | $ | 3.50 | $ | — |

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For the quarters ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we recorded compensation expense of $70,000 and $85,000, respectively. At March 31, 2019, the total unrecognized estimated compensation expense related to non-vested stock options was $1.5 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average vesting period of 2.11 years. The intrinsic, unrealized value of all options outstanding, vested and expected to vest, at March 31, 2019 was $2.0 million, of which 91% are currently exercisable.
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The following table summarizes the number of options outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Outstanding Stock Options - Class A Shares |
| ﻿ | Numberof Options | WeightedAverageExercise Price | WeightedAverageRemainingYears ofContractualLife | AggregateIntrinsicValue |
| ﻿ | Class A | Class A | Class A | Class A |
| Balance - December 31, 2017 | 524,589 | $ | 12.50 | 3.15 | $ | 3,054,325 |
| Granted | 126,840 | 16.40 | — | — |
| Exercised | (60,000) | 6.02 | — | 610,249 |
| Forfeited | (4,960) | 12.08 | — | — |
| Balance - December 31, 2018 | 586,469 | $ | 14.01 | 2.88 | $ | 1,530,528 |
| Granted | 219,408 | 16.12 | — | — |
| Exercised | (67,500) | 13.42 | — | 185,175 |
| Forfeited | (25,000) | 13.42 | — | — |
| Balance - March 31, 2019 | 713,377 | $ | 14.74 | 3.53 | $ | 1,993,628 |

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Restricted Stock Units
We estimate the grant-date fair values of our RSUs using the Company’s stock price at grant-date and record such fair values as compensation expense over the vesting period on a straight-line basis. The following table summarizes the status of the RSUs granted to-date as of March 31, 2019:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Outstanding Restricted Stock Units |
| ﻿ | RSU Grants (in units) | Vested, | Unvested, | Forfeited, |
| Grant Date | Directors | Management | TotalGrants | March 31,2019 | March 31,2019 | March 31,2019 |
| March 10, 2016 | 35,147 | 27,381 | 62,528 | 55,684 | 6,844 |
| April 11, 2016 | — | 5,625 | 5,625 | 2,815 | 2,293 | 517 |
| March 23, 2017 | 30,681 | 32,463 | 63,144 | 46,919 | 16,225 |
| August 29, 2017 | — | 7,394 | 7,394 | 3,698 | 3,696 |
| January 2, 2018 | 29,393 | — | 29,393 | 29,393 | — |
| April 12, 2018 | — | 29,596 | 29,596 | — | 29,596 |
| April 13, 2018 | — | 14,669 | 14,669 | — | 14,669 |
| July 6, 2018 | — | 932 | 932 | — | — | 932 |
| November 7, 2018 | 23,010 | — | 23,010 | — | 23,010 |
| March 13, 2019 | — | 24,366 | 24,366 | — | 24,366 |
| March 14, 2019 | — | 23,327 | 23,327 | — | 23,327 |
| Total | 118,231 | 165,753 | 283,984 | 138,509 | 144,026 | 1,449 |

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RSU awards to management vest 25% at the end of each year for 4 years. Prior to November 7, 2018, RSU awards to directors vested 100% in January of the following year in which such RSUs were granted. At the November 7, 2018 Board meeting, it was determined that it would be more appropriate for the vesting of RSUs to align with the directors’ term of office. Accordingly, the RSUs granted on November 7, 2018, will vest upon the earlier of (i) the first anniversary of grant and (ii) the date of the next annual meeting of stockholders. This means that on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders on May 7, 2019, the RSUs granted to directors on November 7, 2018 vested. Due to the fact that the Company has moved up its annual meeting of stockholders from November to May this year, this created a shorter than normal vesting period for the RSUs issued on November 7, 2018. In order to adjust for this factor, the directors have determined that the award of RSUs to be made immediately following the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders will be $35,000 or one half of last year's annual grant. For the quarter ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we recorded compensation expense of $209,000 and $294,000, respectively. The total unrecognized compensation expense related to the non-vested RSUs was $1.9 million as of March 31, 2019, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average vesting period of 1.1 years.
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Stock Repurchase Program
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On March 2, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors authorized management, at its discretion, to spend up to an aggregate of $25.0 million to acquire shares of Reading’s Class A Common Stock. The previously approved stock repurchase program, which allowed management to spend up to an aggregate of $10.0 million to acquire shares of Reading’s Class A Common Stock, was completed as of December 31, 2016. On March 14, 2019, the Board of Directors extended this stock buy-back program for two years, through March 2, 2021. The Board of Directors did not increase the authorized amount which was $16.2 million at March 31, 2019.
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The repurchase program allows Reading to repurchase its shares in accordance with the requirements of the SEC on the open market, in block trades and in privately negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions and other factors. All purchases are subject to the availability of shares at prices that are acceptable to Reading, and accordingly, no assurances can be given as to the timing or number of shares that may ultimately be acquired pursuant to this authorization.
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Under the stock repurchase program, as of March 31, 2019, the Company has reacquired 559,627 shares of Class A Common Stock for $8.8 million at an average price of $15.81 per share (excluding transaction costs) to-date. 566 shares of Class A Common Stock were purchased during the quarter ended March 31, 2019 at an average price of $16.08 per share. This leaves $16.2 million available under the March 2, 2017 program, as extended, for repurchase as of March 31, 2019.
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Note 16 - Leases
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In all leases, whether we are the lessor or lessee, we define lease term as the non-cancellable term of the lease plus any renewals covered by renewal options that are reasonably certain of exercise based on our assessment of economic factors relevant to the lessee. The non-cancellable term of the lease commences on the date the lessor makes the underlying property in the lease available to the lessee, irrespective of when lease payments begin under the contract.
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As Lessee
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We have operating leases for certain cinemas and corporate offices, and finance leases for certain equipment assets. Our leases have remaining lease terms of 1 to 20 years, with certain leases having options to extend to up to a further 20 years.
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Contracts are analyzed in accordance with the criteria set out in ASC 842 to determine if there is a lease present. For contracts that contain an operating lease, we account for the lease component and the non-lease component together as a single component. For contracts that contain a finance lease we account for the lease component and the non-lease component separately in accordance with ASC 842.
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In leases where we are the lessee, we recognize a right of use asset and lease liability at lease commencement, which is measured by discounting lease payments using our incremental borrowing rate applicable to the lease term and currency of the lease as the discount rate. Subsequent amortization of the right of use asset and accretion of the lease liability for an operating lease is recognized as a single lease cost, on a straight line basis, over the term of the lease. A finance lease right-of-use asset is depreciated on a straight line basis over the lesser of the useful life of the leased asset or the lease term. Interest on each finance lease liability is determined as the amount that results in a constant periodic discount rate on the remaining balance of the liability. Property taxes and other non-lease costs are accounted for on an accrual basis.
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Lease payments for our cinema operating leases consist of fixed base rent, and for certain leases, variable lease payments consisting of contracted percentages of revenue, changes in the relevant CPI, and/or other contracted financial metrics.
The components of lease expense were as follows:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Lease cost |
| Finance lease cost: | — |
| Amortization of right-of-use assets | $ | 41 | $ | — |
| Interest on lease liabilities | 3 | — |
| Operating lease cost | 7,921 | — |
| Variable lease cost | 105 | — |
| Total lease cost | $ | 8,070 | $ | — |

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Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Cash flows relating to lease cost |
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |
| Operating cash flows from finance leases | $ | 44 | $ | — |
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | 7,780 | — |
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities | — | — |
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities | 2,181 | — |

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Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Operating leases |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | 229,266 | $ | — |
| Operating lease liabilities - current portion | 19,797 | — |
| Operating lease liabilities - non-current portion | 222,594 | — |
| Total operating lease liabilities | $ | 242,391 | $ | — |
| Finance leases |
| Property plant and equipment, gross | 372 | — |
| Accumulated depreciation | (41) | — |
| Property plant and equipment, net | $ | 331 | $ | — |
| Other current liabilities | 162 | — |
| Other long-term liabilities | 169 | — |
| Total finance lease liabilities | $ | 331 | $ | — |
| ﻿ |
| Other information |
| Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases | 3 | — |
| Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases | 11 | — |
| Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases | 5.05% | — |
| Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases | 4.97% | — |

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﻿
Maturity of leases were as follows:
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﻿
| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Operating leases | Finance leases |
| 2019 | $ | 23,566 | $ | 133 |
| 2020 | 31,434 | 101 |
| 2021 | 31,717 | 53 |
| 2022 | 31,901 | 43 |
| 2023 | 31,018 | 28 |
| Thereafter | 169,221 | — |
| Total lease payments | $ | 318,857 | $ | 358 |
| Less imputed interest | (76,466) | (27) |
| Total | $ | 242,391 | $ | 331 |

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As of March 31, 2019, we have additional operating leases, primarily for cinemas, that have not yet commenced of approximately $26.0 million. These operating leases will commence between fiscal year 2019 and fiscal year 2021 with lease terms of 15 to 20 years.
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As Lessor
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The Company has entered into various leases as a lessor for our owned real estate properties. These leases vary in length between 1 and 20 years, with certain leases containing options to extend at the behest of the applicable tenants. Lease components consist of fixed base rent, and for certain leases, variable lease payments consisting of contracted percentages of revenue, changes in the relevant CPI, and/or other contracted financial metrics. No terms exist by which a lessee is able to purchase the underlying asset.
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We recognize lease payments for operating leases as property revenue on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease incentive payments we make to lessees are amortized as a reduction in property revenue over the lease term.
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Lease income relating to operating lease payments was as follows:
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﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Components of lease income |
| Lease payments | $ | 2,229 | $ | 2,423 |
| Variable lease payments | 265 | 80 |
| Total lease income | $ | 2,494 | $ | 2,503 |

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﻿
The book value of underlying assets under operating leases from owned assets was as follows:
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﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 |
| Building and improvements |
| Gross balance | $ | 68,483 | $ | 67,887 |
| Accumulated depreciation | (18,375) | (17,709) |
| Net Book Value | $ | 50,108 | $ | 50,178 |

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Maturity of leases were as follows:
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| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Operating leases |
| 2019 | $ | 6,470 |
| 2020 | 7,439 |
| 2021 | 6,830 |
| 2022 | 5,961 |
| 2023 | 5,187 |
| Thereafter | 10,295 |
| Total | $ | 42,182 |

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Note 17 – Hedge Accounting
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As of March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, the Company held interest rate derivatives in the total notional amount of $8.0 million and $nil, respectively.
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The derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value and are included in the following line items:
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Liability Derivatives |
| ﻿ | March 31, | December 31, |
| ﻿ | 2019 | 2018 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Balance sheet location | Fair value | Balance sheet location | Fair value |
| Interest rate contracts | Derivative financial instruments - current portion | $ | 52 | Derivative financial instruments - current portion | $ | 41 |
| ﻿ | Derivative financial instruments - non-current portion | 203 | Derivative financial instruments - non-current portion | 145 |
| Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments | $ | 255 | $ | 186 |
| Total derivatives | $ | 255 | $ | 186 |

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﻿
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We have no derivatives designated as hedging instruments which are in asset positions.
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The changes in fair value are recorded in Other Comprehensive Income and released into interest expense in the same period(s) in which the hedged transactions affect earnings. In the quarter to March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, respectively, the derivative instruments affected Comprehensive Income as follows:
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﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Location of Loss Recognized in Income on Derivatives | Amount of Loss Recognized in Income on Derivatives |
| ﻿ | 2019 | 2018 |
| Interest rate contracts | Interest expense, net | $ | 12 | $ | — |
| Total | $ | 12 | $ | — |

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﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Loss Recognized in OCI on Derivatives (Effective Portion) | Loss Reclassified from OCI into Income (Effective Portion) | Loss Recognized in Income on Derivatives (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing) |
| (Dollars in thousands) | Amount | Line Item | Amount | Line Item | Amount |
| ﻿ | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 |
| Interest rate contracts | $ | 81 | $ | — | Interest expense, net | $ | 12 | $ | — | Interest expense, net | $ | — | $ | — |
| Total | $ | 81 | $ | — | $ | 12 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — |

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Note 18 – Fair Value Measurements
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ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The statement requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
| · | Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; |

| · | Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and, |

| · | Level 3: Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable. |

As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 material financial assets and financial liabilities were carried and measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
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The following tables summarize our financial liabilities that are carried at cost and measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, by level within the fair value hierarchy.
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﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Fair Value Measurement at March 31, 2019 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | CarryingValue(1) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total |
| Notes payable | $ | 155,855 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 159,871 | $ | 159,871 |
| Subordinated debt | 27,913 | — | — | 19,162 | 19,162 |
| ﻿ | $ | 183,768 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 179,033 | $ | 179,033 |

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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2018 |
| (Dollars in thousands) | CarryingValue(1) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total |
| Notes payable | $ | 139,130 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 143,564 | $ | 143,564 |
| Subordinated debt | 27,913 | — | — | 18,895 | 18,895 |
| ﻿ | $ | 167,043 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 162,459 | $ | 162,459 |

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| (1) | These balances are presented before any deduction for deferred financing costs. |

26
﻿
Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used to estimate the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities. There have been no changes in the methodologies used at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
| · | Level 1 investments in marketable securities primarily consist of investments associated with the ownership of marketable securities in U.S. and New Zealand. These investments are valued based on observable market quotes on the last trading date of the reporting period. |

| · | Level 2 derivative financial instruments are valued based on discounted cash flow models that incorporate observable inputs such as interest rates and yield curves from the derivative counterparties. The credit valuation adjustments associated with our non-performance risk and counterparty credit risk are incorporated in the fair value estimates of our derivatives. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we concluded that the credit valuation adjustments were not significant to the overall valuation of our derivatives. |

| · | Level 3 borrowings include our secured and unsecured notes payable, trust preferred securities and other debt instruments. The borrowings are valued based on discounted cash flow models that incorporate appropriate market discount rates. We calculated the market discount rate by obtaining period-end treasury rates for fixed-rate debt, or LIBOR for variable-rate debt, for maturities that correspond to the maturities of our debt, adding appropriate credit spreads derived from information obtained from third-party financial institutions. These credit spreads take into account factors such as our credit rate, debt maturity, types of borrowings, and the loan-to-value ratios of the debt. |

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The Company’s financial instruments also include cash, cash equivalents, receivables and accounts payable. The carrying values of these financial instruments approximate the fair values due to their short maturities. Additionally, there were no transfers of assets and liabilities between levels 1, 2, or 3 during the quarter ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018.
Note 19 – Business Combination
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On January 30, 2019, we purchased the tenant’s interest and other operating assets of an established four-screen cinema in Devonport, Tasmania, Australia, for $1.4 million (AU$1.95 million). We commenced trading from this new cinema site on January 30, 2019.
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The total purchase price was allocated to the identifiable assets acquired based on our preliminary estimates of their fair values on the acquisition date. There were no liabilities assumed. As of March 31, 2019, the Company is still finalizing its allocation and this may result in potential adjustments within the one-year measurement period from acquisition date. The determination of the fair values of the acquired assets (and the related determination of their estimated lives) requires significant judgment.
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Our preliminary purchase price allocation is as follows:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Preliminary Purchase Price |
| ﻿ | Allocation |
| (Dollars in thousands) | US Dollars(1) | AU dollars |
| Tangible Assets |
| Operating property: |
| Fixtures and equipment | $ | 153 | $ | 213 |
| Intangible Assets |
| Goodwill | 1,248 | 1,734 |
| Total assets acquired | 1,401 | 1,947 |
| ﻿ |
| Net assets acquired | $ | 1,401 | $ | 1,947 |

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| (1) | The balances were translated into U.S. Dollars based on the applicable exchange rate as of the date of acquisition, January 30, 2019. |

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This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 (Financial Statements). The foregoing discussions and analyses contain certain forward-looking statements. Please refer to the “Forward Looking Statements” included at the conclusion of this section and our “Risk Factors” set forth in our 2018 Form 10-K, Part 1, Item 1A and the Risk Factors set out below.
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Item 2 – Management’s Discussions and Analysis (“MD&A”) of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
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BUSINESS OVERVIEW
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We are an internationally diversified company principally focused on the development, lease or ownership, and operation of entertainment and real estate assets in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. As of March 31, 2019, we operate in two business segments:
| · | Cinema exhibition, through our 60 multiplex cinemas; and, |

| · | Real estate, including real estate development and the rental of retail, commercial and live theatre assets. |

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We believe that these two business segments complement one another, as we can use the comparatively consistent cash flows generated by our cinema operations to fund the front-end cash demands of our real estate development business.
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Cinema Exhibition
We manage our worldwide cinema exhibition businesses under various brands:
| · | in the U.S., under the following brands: Reading Cinemas, Angelika Film Centers, Consolidated Theatres, and City Cinemas; |

| · | in Australia, under the Reading Cinemas brand; and, |

| · | in New Zealand, under the Reading Cinemas and Rialto Cinemas brands. |

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Shown in the following table are the number of locations and theater screens in our theater circuit in each country, by state/territory/ region and indicating our cinema brands and our interest in the underlying assets as of March 31, 2019:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | State / Territory / | Location | Screen | Interest in AssetUnderlying the Cinema |
| Country | Region | Count | Count | Leased | Owned | Operating Brands |
| United States | Hawaii | 9 | 98 | 9 | Consolidated Theatres |
| ﻿ | California | 7 | 88 | 7 | Reading Cinemas, Angelika Film Center |
| ﻿ | New York(3) | 6 | 23 | 5 | 1 | Angelika Film Center, City Cinemas |
| ﻿ | Texas | 2 | 13 | 2 | Angelika Film Center |
| ﻿ | New Jersey | 1 | 12 | 1 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | Virginia | 1 | 8 | 1 | Angelika Film Center |
| ﻿ | Washington DC | 1 | 3 | 1 | Angelika Film Center |
| ﻿ | U.S. Total | 27 | 245 | 26 | 1 |
| Australia | New South Wales | 6 | 44 | 4 | 2 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | Victoria | 6 | 43 | 6 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | Queensland | 5 | 50 | 2 | 3 | Reading Cinemas, Event Cinemas(1) |
| ﻿ | Western Australia | 2 | 16 | 1 | 1 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | South Australia | 2 | 15 | 2 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | Tasmania | 1 | 4 | 1 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | Australia Total | 22 | 172 | 16 | 6 |
| New Zealand | Wellington | 2 | 15 | 1 | 1 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | Otago | 3 | 15 | 2 | 1 | Reading Cinemas, Rialto Cinemas(2) |
| ﻿ | Auckland | 2 | 15 | 2 | Reading Cinemas, Rialto Cinemas(2) |
| ﻿ | Canterbury | 1 | 8 | 1 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | Southland | 1 | 5 | 1 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | Bay of Plenty | 1 | 5 | 1 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | Hawke's Bay | 1 | 4 | 1 | Reading Cinemas |
| ﻿ | New Zealand Total | 11 | 67 | 6 | 5 |
| GRAND TOTAL | 60 | 484 | 48 | 12 |

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| (1) | The Company has a 33.3% unincorporated joint venture interest in a 16-screen cinema located in Mt. Gravatt, Queensland managed by Event Cinemas. |

| (2) | The Company is a 50% joint venture partner in two (2) New Zealand Rialto cinemas. We are responsible for the booking of these cinemas and our joint venture partner, Event Cinemas, manages their day-to-day operations. |

| (3) | Our New York statistics include one (1) managed cinema, with a four-screen total. |

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Real Estate
We engage in real estate development and the ownership, and rental or licensing to third parties of retail, commercial and live theater assets. We own the fee interests in all three of our live theaters, and in 12 of our cinemas (as presented in the preceding table). Our real estate business creates long-term value for our stockholders through the continuous improvement and development of our investment and operating properties, including our entertainment-themed centers (“ETCs”).
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Our real estate activities have historically consisted principally of:
| · | the ownership of fee or long-term leasehold interests in properties used in our cinema exhibition activities or which were acquired for the development of cinemas or cinema-based real estate development projects; |

| · | the acquisition and development of fee interests in land; |

| · | the licensing to production companies of the use of our live theatres; and, |

| · | the redevelopment of our existing fee-owned cinema or live theatre sites to their highest and best use. |

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Cinema Exhibition
Our cinema revenue consists primarily of admissions, Food & Beverage (“F&B”), advertising and theater rentals. Cinema operating expense consists of the costs directly attributable to the operation of the cinemas, including film rent expense, operating costs, and occupancy costs. Cinema revenue and expense fluctuate with the availability of quality first run films and the numbers of weeks such first run films stay in the market. For a breakdown of our current cinema assets that we own and/or manage, please see Part I, Item 1 – Our Business of our 2018 Form 10-K.
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While our capital projects in recent years have been focused in growing our real estate segment, we have over the past two years placed special emphasis on the expansion and upgrading of our cinema exhibition portfolio, as discussed below:
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Cinema Additions (including re-openings)
The latest additions and enhancements to our cinema portfolio are as follows:
| · | Opening our first dine-in concept, “Spotlight” in the United States: On March 30, 2018 we finished the conversion of one wing (six auditoriums) at our Reading Cinema in Murrieta, California (Cal Oaks) to our dine-in concept brand, “Spotlight”. |

| · | AU and NZ Additions/Refurbishments On January 30, 2019, we purchased the tenant’s interest and other operating assets of an established four-screen cinema in Devonport, Tasmania, Australia, for $1.4 million (AU$1.95 million). We commenced trading from this new cinema site on January 30, 2019. For the first quarter of 2019, we invested in two additional Gold Lounge auditoriums at our Harbour Town cinema. In 2017 and 2018, we improved eight theaters: Belmont, Rouse Hill, Courtenay Central, Napier, Charlestown, Elizabeth, Auburn and Rotorua. |

| · | U.S. Refurbishments  For the first quarter of 2019, we continued investing in refurbishments primarily at our Mililani cinema. During 2017 and 2018, we continued to invest in the refurbishment and enhancements of our existing cinemas, as contemplated by our strategic plan. During this period, seven locations had significant refurbishment work performed: our Cal Oaks, Valley Plaza and Grossmont locations in California; our Ward, Pearlridge and Mililani locations in Hawaii; and our Manville location in New Jersey. Continuing with our strategic plan, since 2017, we converted (or are in the process of conversion), 74 of our 245 U.S. auditoriums to luxury recliner seating. |

Cinema Pipeline
During 2019, we currently plan to upgrade or begin the upgrade of 11 cinemas in the U.S., Australia, and New Zealand.
﻿
We have entered into lease agreements for four new cinemas in Australia (25 screens), which we anticipate will come on line in 2019 - 2021.
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Our focus with respect to new cinemas is on featuring state-of-the-art projection and sound, luxury recliner seating, enhanced F&B (typically including alcohol service) and typically at least one major TITAN type presentation screen. Our focus is on providing best in class services and amenities that will differentiate us from in-home and mobile viewing options. We believe that a night at the movies should be a special and premium experience and, indeed, that it must be in order to compete with the variety of options being offered to consumers through other platforms.
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Throughout 2019, we will also be focusing on the rollout and enhancement of our proprietary on-line ticketing capabilities and social media interfaces. These are intended to enhance the convenience of our offering and to promote customer affinity with the experience and product that we are offering.
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Cinema Closures
We evaluate the performance of each of our cinemas and, in some instances, we may decide to close an operation when it is not economically viable to continue to operate from the location. We did not close any theaters leased from third parties in 2018 or to date in 2019. While some of our theaters have encountered new competition, and while we believe that others will benefit from planned refurbishment and upgrading, none of our leased theaters are currently slated for closure.
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During January 2019, we closed our Courtenay Central cinema in Wellington, New Zealand due to seismic concerns. We are currently assessing the redevelopment of that property. It is currently anticipated that the cinema component will be upgraded and restored in connection with any such redevelopment.
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Upgrades to our Film Exhibition Technology and Theatre Amenities
We continue to focus in areas of the matured cinema business where we believe we have growth potential and ultimately, provide long-term value to our stockholders. These are (i) upgrading of our existing cinemas and (ii) developing new cinemas to provide our customers with premium offerings, including state-of-the-art presentation (including sound, lounges and bar service) and luxury seating. As of March 31, 2019, the upgrades to our theater circuits’ film exhibition technology and amenities are summarized in the following table:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | LocationCount | ScreenCount |
| Screen Format |
| Digital (all cinemas in our theatre circuit) | 60 | 484 |
| IMAX | 1 | 1 |
| TITAN XC and LUXE | 18 | 20 |
| Dine-in Service |
| Gold Lounge (AU/NZ)(1) | 10 | 27 |
| Premium (AU/NZ)(2) | 11 | 21 |
| Spotlight (U.S.)(3) | 1 | 6 |
| Upgraded Food & Beverage menu (U.S.)(4) | 14 | n/a |
| Premium Seating (recliner seating features) | 22 | 142 |
| Liquor Licenses Obtained(5) | 28 | n/a |

| (1) | Gold Lounge: This is our "First Class Full Dine-in Service" in our Australian and New Zealand cinemas, which includes upgraded F&B menu (with alcoholic beverages), luxury recliner seating features (intimate 25-50 seat cinemas) and waiter service. |

| (2) | Premium Service: This is our "Business Class Dine-in Service" in our Australian and New Zealand cinemas, which typically includes upgraded F&B menu (some with alcoholic beverages) and may include luxury recliner seating features (less intimate 80-seat cinemas), but no waiter service. |

| (3) | Spotlight Service: On March 30, 2018 we opened “Spotlight” our first dine-in cinema concept in the United States at Cal Oaks. Six of our 17 auditoriums at this theater feature this dine-in concept. |

| (4) | Upgraded Food & Beverage Menu: Fourteen of our US theaters feature an elevated food and beverage menu served from a common counter, which includes, without limitation, beer, wine and/or spirits and a food menu beyond traditional concessions. We have worked with former Food Network executives to create a menu of locally inspired and freshly prepared items. |

| (5) | Liquor Licenses: Licenses are applicable at each cinema location, rather than each theatre auditorium. For accounting purposes, we capitalize the cost of successfully purchasing or applying for liquor licenses meeting certain thresholds as an intangible asset due to long-term economic benefits derived on future sales of alcoholic beverages. |

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Real Estate
Our operating properties currently consists of the following assets:
| · | our Newmarket, Queensland ETC, our Belmont, Western Australia ETC, our Auburn, New South Wales ETC, our Townsville, Queensland ETC and our Wellington, New Zealand ETC; and, |

| · | two (2) single-auditorium live theatres in Manhattan (Minetta Lane and Orpheum) and a four-auditorium live theater complex (including the accompanying ancillary retail and commercial tenants) in Chicago (The Royal George); and, |

| · | our US Headquarters building in Culver City, California and our Australia corporate office building in Melbourne, Australia; and, |

| · | the ancillary retail and commercial space at some of our non-ETC cinema properties. |

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In February 2018, we entered into a one-year license agreement with Audible, Inc. a subsidiary of Amazon, at the Minetta Lane Theatre. This agreement was extended through March 2020, with an option to extend for one additional year through March 2021. Audible intends to continue to produce one to two character plays and special engagements for live performance, to record those productions making them available through Audible streaming service.
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In addition, we have various parcels of unimproved real estate held for development in Australia and New Zealand and certain unimproved land in the United States, including some that was used in our legacy activities.
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﻿
Our key real estate transactions in recent years are as follows:
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Strategic Acquisitions
| · | Purchase of Land at Cannon Park, Australia. On June 13, 2018, we acquired a 163,000 square foot (15,150 square meter) parcel at our Cannon Park ETC, in connection with the restructuring of our relationship with the adjacent land owner. Prior to the restructuring, this parcel was commonly owned by us and the adjoining land owner. In the restructuring, the adjoining land owner conveyed to us its interest in the parcel for AU$1. We granted the adjoining land owner certain access rights. |

| · | Purchase of Property in Auburn, Australia – On June 29, 2018, we added 20,870 square feet of land, improved with a 16,830 office building, to our Auburn/Redyard ETC. The property was acquired at auction for $3.5 million (AU$4.5 million) and is bordered by our existing ETC on three sides. The property is leased to Telstra through July 2022. This will allow us time to plan for the efficient integration of the property into our ETC. The final settlement payment was made in early October 2018. |

﻿
Value-creating Opportunities
We are engaged in several real estate development projects to take our properties to their highest and best use. The most notable of these value-creating projects are as follows:
| · | Redevelopment of 44 Union Square Property in New York, USA. We secured construction financing for our 44 Union Square property in December 2016 and have entered into a guaranteed maximum price construction management agreement with an affiliate of CNY. We anticipate that the project will be ready for the commencement of tenant fit-out in the second quarter of 2019. Retail and office leasing interest to date has been strong and, while no assurances can be given, we are currently in exclusive negotiations with respect to long-term leases covering approximately 90% of the net rentable area of the building. This redevelopment will add approximately 23,000 square footage of rentable space to the current square footage of the building for an approximate total of 73,322 square feet of rentable space, inclusive of anticipated BOMA (Building Owners and Managers Association) adjustments and subject to lease negotiations and the final tenant mix. |

| · | Expansion Project for our Newmarket Shopping Center at an affluent suburb of Brisbane, Australia. In December 2017 we opened our eight-screen Reading Cinema with TITAN LUXE, including 10,355 square feet of additional retail space and 124 parking spaces. As of March 31, 2019, approximately 80% of this new retail space has been leased. |

| · | Courtenay Central Re-Development in Wellington, New Zealand. – Located in the heart of Wellington - New Zealand’s capital city – this center is comprised of 161,071 square feet of land situated proximate to the Te Papa Tongarewa Museum (attracting over 1.5 million visitors annually), across the street from the site of Wellington’s newly announced convention center (estimated to open its doors in 2022) and at a major public transit hub. Damage from the 2016 earthquake necessitated demolition of our nine-story parking garage at the site. Further, unrelated seismic issues have caused us to close the existing cinema and significant portions of the retail structure while we reevaluate the property for redevelopment as an entertainment themed urban center with a major food and grocery component. Wellington continues to be rated as one of the top cities in the world in which to live, and we continue to believe that the Courtenay Central site is located in one of the most vibrant and growing commercial and entertainment precincts of Wellington. |

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﻿
| § | Cinema 1,2,3 Redevelopment – In June 2017, we entered into an exclusive dealing and pre-development agreement with our adjoining neighbors, 260-264 LLC, to jointly develop the properties, currently home to Cinemas 1,2,3 and Anassa Taverna. Under the terms of the agreement, Reading and 260-264 LLC worked together on a comprehensive mixed-use plan to co-develop the properties located on 3rd Avenue, between 59th Street and 60th Streets, in New York City. The parties completed an initial feasibility study, analyzing various retail, entertainment and residential uses for the site and during 2018 continued to work on the terms of a final agreement for the development of the combined property. We do not presently believe that we will be able to come to an agreement with our neighbors for a joint development of our properties and, have, accordingly, begun developing plans for an approximately 96,000 square foot mixed use stand-alone development. Our Cinemas 1,2,3, property is located on Third Avenue in New York City, between 59th and 60th Streets across from Bloomingdales. |

| · | Manukau Land Rezoning – In August 2016, the Auckland City Council up-zoned 64.0 acres of our property in Manukau from agricultural to light industrial use. The remaining 6.4 acres were already zoned for heavy industrial use. Our zoning enhancement goal having been achieved, in 2018, we worked with adjoining landholders to jointly advance necessary infrastructure improvement issues. We estimate that our property will support approximately 1.6 million square feet of improvements. We see this property as a future value realization opportunity for us. This tract is adjacent to the Auckland Airport, which is currently undergoing a major improvement and expansion project. |

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Corporate Matters
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| § | Stock Repurchase Program – Our Board approved a $25-million repurchase program approved on March 2, 2017, and extended on March 14, 2019, and extended it on March 14, 2019. Under this authorization Reading may repurchase its Class A Common Stock from time to time in accordance with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission on the open market, in block trades and in privately negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions and other factors. The new authorization continues through March 2, 2021. To date we have repurchased 559,627 shares of Class A Common Stock for $8.8 million at an average price of $15.81 per share (excluding transaction costs). 566 shares were purchased during the quarter ended March 31, 2019 at an average price of $16.08 per share. This leaves $16.2 million available under the March 2, 2017 program, as extended, for repurchase as of March 31, 2019. |

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Our Financing Strategy
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Our treasury management is focused on cash management using cash balances to reduce debt. We have used cash generated from operations and other excess cash, to the extent not needed for capital expenditures, to pay down our loans and credit facilities providing us flexibility on our available loan facilities for future use and, thereby, reducing interest charges. On a periodic basis, we review the maturities of our borrowing arrangements and negotiate for renewals and extensions where necessary in the current circumstances.
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On March 15, 2019, we amended our Revolving Corporate Markets Loan Facility with National Australia Bank (“NAB”) from a facility comprised of (i) a AU$66.5 million loan facility with an interest rate of 0.95% above the Bank Bill Swap Bid Rate (“BBSY”) and a maturity date of June 30, 2019 and (ii) a bank guarantee of AU$5.0 million at a rate of 1.90% per annum into a (i) AU$120.0 million corporate loan facility at rates of 0.85%-1.30% above BBSY depending on certain ratios with a due date of December 31, 2023, of which AU$80.0 million is revolving and AU$40.0 million is core and (ii) a bank guarantee facility of AU$5.0 million at a rate of 1.85% per annum. Prior to this, on June 12, 2018, we had extended the maturity of these facilities from June 30, 2019, to December 31, 2019. Such modifications of this particular term loan were not considered to be substantial under US GAAP.
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On December 20, 2018, we restructured our Westpac Corporate Credit Facilities. The maturity of the 1st tranche (general/non-construction credit line) was extended to December 31, 2023, with the available facility being reduced from NZ$35.0 million to NZ$32.0 million. The facility bears an interest rate of 1.75% above the Bank Bill Bid Rate on the drawn down balance and a 1.1% line of credit charge on the entire facility. The 2nd tranche (construction line) with a facility of NZ$18.0 million was removed.
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On March 5, 2019, we extended our current Bank of America credit facilities until May 1, 2020 (the $55.0 million credit line). We anticipate refinancing this credit line during the second quarter of 2019.
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Refer to our 2018 Form 10-K for more details on our cinema and real estate segments.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
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The table below summarizes the results of operations for each of our principal business segments along with the non-segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018:
﻿
﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended | % Change |
| (Dollars in thousands) | March 31,2019 | March 31,2018 | Fav/(Unfav) |
| SEGMENT RESULTS |
| ﻿ | Revenue |
| ﻿ | Cinema exhibition | $ | 57,986 | $ | 72,255 | (20) | % |
| ﻿ | Real estate | 5,431 | 6,008 | (10) | % |
| ﻿ | Inter-segment elimination | (1,866) | (2,391) | 22 | % |
| ﻿ | Total revenue | 61,551 | 75,872 | (19) | % |
| ﻿ | Operating expense |
| ﻿ | Cinema exhibition | (50,195) | (57,339) | 12 | % |
| ﻿ | Real estate | (2,445) | (2,384) | (3) | % |
| ﻿ | Inter-segment elimination | 1,866 | 2,391 | (22) | % |
| ﻿ | Total operating expense | (50,774) | (57,332) | 11 | % |
| ﻿ | Depreciation and amortization |
| ﻿ | Cinema exhibition | (4,157) | (3,765) | (10) | % |
| ﻿ | Real estate | (1,376) | (1,369) | (1) | % |
| ﻿ | Total depreciation and amortization | (5,533) | (5,134) | (8) | % |
| ﻿ | General and administrative expense |
| ﻿ | Cinema exhibition | (992) | (866) | (15) | % |
| ﻿ | Real estate | (451) | (574) | 21 | % |
| ﻿ | Total general and administrative expense | (1,443) | (1,440) | - | % |
| ﻿ | Segment operating income |
| ﻿ | Cinema exhibition | 2,642 | 10,285 | (74) | % |
| ﻿ | Real estate | 1,159 | 1,681 | (31) | % |
| ﻿ | Total segment operating income | $ | 3,801 | $ | 11,966 | (68) | % |
| NON-SEGMENT RESULTS |
| ﻿ | Depreciation and amortization expense | (61) | (117) | 48 | % |
| ﻿ | General and administrative expense | (5,041) | (6,156) | 18 | % |
| ﻿ | Interest expense, net | (1,852) | (1,594) | (16) | % |
| ﻿ | Equity earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures | 34 | 257 | (87) | % |
| ﻿ | Other income (expense) | (20) | (82) | 76 | % |
| ﻿ | Income before income taxes | (3,139) | 4,274 | (> 100) | % |
| ﻿ | Income tax benefit (expense) | 1,042 | (1,170) | > 100 | % |
| Net income (loss) | (2,097) | 3,104 | (> 100) | % |
| ﻿ | Less: net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests | (16) | 22 | (> 100) | % |
| Net income (loss) attributable to RDI common stockholders | $ | (2,081) | $ | 3,082 | (> 100) | % |
| Basic EPS | $ | (0.09) | $ | 0.13 | (> 100) | % |

“nm – not meaningful”
Consolidated and Non-Segment Results:
﻿
1st Quarter Net Results
﻿
Net income attributable to RDI common stockholders decreased by $5.2 million to a $(2.1) million loss. Basic EPS for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 decreased by $0.22 to $(0.09) from the prior-year quarter, mainly attributable to decreases in revenue in both the Cinema and Real Estate business segments.
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Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019 decreased by 19%or $14.3 million, to $61.6 million compared to the same period prior year. The revenue decrease was due to a decrease in revenues from our cinema business primarily due to the weak film slate experienced by the Cinema business segment worldwide, the closure of our cinema in Courtenay Central due to seismic concerns, and a decrease in revenues from the Real Estate business segment primarily due to the closure of most of the net rentable area of Courtenay Central due to seismic concerns. Overseas revenues were also adversely impacted by the continued weakness of the Australian and New Zealand Dollar compared to the U.S. dollar.
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U.S. admissions for the first quarter 2019 were down 19% falling from $24.7 million to $19.9 million for the same period in the prior year. According to industry sources, U.S. box office for the period was down 16%, falling from $2.5 billion to $2.1 billion. Australia and New Zealand Box Office saw similar declines. Again, in the case of New Zealand, the situation was exacerbated by the closure of our cinema at Courtenay Central. Due to the fact that our occupancy costs with respect to our cinema operations are fixed, the decrease in revenues disproportionally impacts the earnings from these operations, even though our film rent, cinema level labor and costs of goods sold are largely variable.
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33
Looking forward, The Avengers: Endgame has been setting box office records, having grossed more than $620 million in North America and more than $2.2 billion worldwide since its opening weekend of April 25, 2019.
﻿
Non-Segment General & Administrative Expenses
Non-segment general and administrative expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 decreased by 18%, or $1.1 million, to $5.0 million compared to the same period of the prior year, respectively. This decrease mainly relates to lower legal expenses, offset by an increase in administrative occupancy cost in New Zealand attributable to the temporary closure of our administrative offices at Courtenay Central and need to lease replacement office space in Wellington.
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Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, decreased 189%, or $2.2 million compared to the same quarter prior year. The change between 2019 and 2018 is primarily related to the pretax loss in the first quarter of 2019.
Business Segment Results
﻿
At March 31, 2019, we leased or owned and operated 60 cinemas with 484 screens, which includes (i) one managed cinema with 4 (four) screens and (ii) our interests in certain unconsolidated joint ventures that total 3 (three) cinemas with 29 screens. In the first quarter of 2019, we acquired a proven 4-screen cinema in Devonport, Tasmania, Australia, increasing our cinema count to 60 and our screen count to 484. We also (i) owned and operated 5 (five) ETCs located in Newmarket Village (a suburb of Brisbane), Belmont (a suburb of Perth), Auburn (a suburb of Sydney) and Townsville (a suburb of Cannon Park) in Australia and Wellington in New Zealand, (ii) owned and operated our headquarters office buildings in Culver City (an emerging high-tech and communications hub in Los Angeles County) and Melbourne, Australia, (iii) owned and operated the fee interests in three developed commercial properties in Manhattan and Chicago improved with live theaters comprising 6 (six) stages and ancillary retail and commercial space (our fourth live theatre was closed at the end of 2015 as part of the redevelopment of 44 Union Square in New York City), (iv) owned a 75% managing member interest in a limited liability company, which in turn owns the fee interest in Cinemas 1,2,3, (v) held for development approximately 70.4 acres of developable industrial land located next to the Auckland Airport in New Zealand, (vi) owned a 50% managing member interest in a limited liability company, which in turn owns a 202-acre property in Coachella, California that is zoned approximately 150 acres for single-family residential use (maximum 550 homes) and approximately 50 acres for high density mixed use in the U.S., that is held for development, and, (vii) owned 197 acres principally in Pennsylvania from our legacy railroad business, including the Reading Viaduct in downtown Philadelphia.
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The Company transacts business in Australia and New Zealand and is subject to risks associated with changing foreign currency exchange rates. The Australian and New Zealand dollars based on the spot rate weakened versus prior three month period against the U.S. dollar slightly negatively impacting the value of our assets and liabilities. The average rate for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 has also weakened by 9.4% and 6.3% respectively. This has decreased the value of our Australian and New Zealand revenues and expenses. Refer to Note 3 – Operations in Foreign Currency for further information.
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34
Cinema Exhibition
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The following table details our cinema exhibition segment operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, respectively:
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﻿
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | % Change |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended | Fav/(Unfav) |
| (Dollars in thousands) | March 31,2019 | % of Revenue | March 31,2018 | % of Revenue | Three Months Ended |
| REVENUE |
| ﻿ | United States | Admissions revenue | $ | 19,913 | 34% | $ | 24,706 | 34% | (19) | % |
| ﻿ | Food & beverage revenue | 9,575 | 17% | 10,765 | 15% | (11) | % |
| ﻿ | Advertising and other revenue | 2,545 | 4% | 2,516 | 3% | 1 | % |
| ﻿ | $ | 32,033 | 55% | $ | 37,987 | 53% | (16) | % |
| ﻿ | Australia | Admissions revenue | $ | 14,037 | 24% | $ | 17,051 | 24% | (18) | % |
| ﻿ | Food & beverage revenue | 6,061 | 10% | 7,837 | 11% | (23) | % |
| ﻿ | Advertising and other revenue | 1,343 | 2% | 1,829 | 3% | (27) | % |
| ﻿ | $ | 21,441 | 37% | $ | 26,717 | 37% | (20) | % |
| ﻿ | New Zealand | Admissions revenue | $ | 2,991 | 5% | $ | 4,934 | 7% | (39) | % |
| ﻿ | Food & beverage revenue | 1,309 | 3% | 2,266 | 3% | (42) | % |
| ﻿ | Advertising and other revenue | 212 | 0% | 351 | 0% | (40) | % |
| ﻿ | $ | 4,512 | 8% | $ | 7,551 | 10% | (40) | % |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Total revenue | $ | 57,986 | 100% | $ | 72,255 | 100% | (20) | % |
| OPERATING EXPENSE |
| ﻿ | United States | Film rent and advertising cost | $ | (10,127) | 17% | $ | (12,875) | 18% | 21 | % |
| ﻿ | Food & beverage cost | (2,322) | 4% | (2,302) | 3% | (1) | % |
| ﻿ | Occupancy expense | (6,945) | 12% | (7,202) | 10% | 4 | % |
| ﻿ | Other operating expense | (10,174) | 18% | (9,942) | 14% | (2) | % |
| ﻿ | $ | (29,568) | 51% | $ | (32,321) | 45% | 9 | % |
| ﻿ | Australia | Film rent and advertising cost | $ | (6,279) | 11% | $ | (7,699) | 11% | 18 | % |
| ﻿ | Food & beverage cost | (1,115) | 2% | (1,594) | 2% | 30 | % |
| ﻿ | Occupancy expense | (3,962) | 7% | (4,251) | 6% | 7 | % |
| ﻿ | Other operating expense | (5,415) | 9% | (5,754) | 8% | 6 | % |
| ﻿ | $ | (16,771) | 29% | $ | (19,298) | 27% | 13 | % |
| ﻿ | New Zealand | Film rent and advertising cost | $ | (1,336) | 3% | $ | (2,232) | 3% | 40 | % |
| ﻿ | Food & beverage cost | (292) | 1% | (491) | 1% | 41 | % |
| ﻿ | Occupancy expense | (803) | 1% | (1,344) | 2% | 40 | % |
| ﻿ | Other operating expense | (1,425) | 2% | (1,653) | 2% | 14 | % |
| ﻿ | $ | (3,856) | 7% | $ | (5,720) | 8% | 33 | % |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Total operating expense | $ | (50,195) | 87% | $ | (57,339) | 79% | 12 | % |
| DEPRECIATION, AMORTIZATION, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE |
| ﻿ | United States | Depreciation and amortization | $ | (2,626) | 5% | $ | (2,121) | 3% | (24) | % |
| ﻿ | General and administrative expense | (604) | 1% | (545) | 1% | (11) | % |
| ﻿ | $ | (3,230) | 6% | $ | (2,666) | 4% | (21) | % |
| ﻿ | Australia | Depreciation and amortization | $ | (1,181) | 2% | $ | (1,204) | 2% | 2 | % |
| ﻿ | General and administrative expense | (387) | 1% | (299) | 0% | (29) | % |
| ﻿ | $ | (1,568) | 3% | $ | (1,503) | 2% | (4) | % |
| ﻿ | New Zealand | Depreciation and amortization | $ | (350) | 1% | $ | (440) | 1% | 20 | % |
| ﻿ | General and administrative expense | (1) | 0% | (22) | 0% | 95 | % |
| ﻿ | $ | (351) | 1% | $ | (462) | 1% | 24 | % |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Total depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense | $ | (5,149) | 10% | $ | (4,631) | 6% | (11) | % |
| OPERATING INCOME – CINEMA |
| ﻿ | United States | $ | (765) | (1)% | $ | 3,000 | 4% | (126) | % |
| ﻿ | Australia | 3,102 | 5% | 5,916 | 8% | (48) | % |
| ﻿ | New Zealand | 305 | 1% | 1,369 | 2% | (78) | % |
| ﻿ | Total Cinema operating income | $ | 2,642 | 5% | $ | 10,285 | 14% | (74) | % |

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“nm – not meaningful”
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35
1st Quarter Results
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Cinema Segment operating income
Cinema segment operating income decreased by 74%, or $7.6 million, to $2.6 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 compared to March 31, 2018, primarily driven by decreased operating income in the U.S., Australia, and New Zealand, which was due to a decrease in attendance worldwide, and fluctuations in average ticket price (“ATP”), and spend per patron (“SPP”) as outlined below.
﻿
Revenue
Cinema revenue decreased by 20%, or $14.3 million, to $58.0 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 compared to March 31, 2018, primarily attributable to a weak foreign currency exchange rate, and a weak film slate worldwide.
﻿
The top box office performers for the first quarter of 2019 included “Captain Marvel”, ($5.1 million), “Aquaman,” ($2.9 million) and “How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World,” ($2.7 million), did not stack up well against the top films for the same period 2018, which included major films such as “Black Panther,” “Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle,” and “The Greatest Showman,” (which combined totaled $15.0 million). We believe that the first quarter of 2019 results are principally the product of the film available for cinema exhibition, and not a reflection of declining consumer interest in cinema as a beyond-the-home source of entertainment.
﻿
Below are the changes in our cinema revenue by market:
| · | U.S. cinema revenue decreased by 16%, or $6.0 million, to $32.0 million, due to a 22% decrease in attendance, offset by a 12% increase SPP, and a 4% increase in ATP. |

| · | Australia cinema revenue decreased by 20%, or $5.3 million, to $21.4 million, primarily due to a 15% decrease in attendance, a 9% decrease in SPP, and a 4% decrease in ATP. |

| · | New Zealand cinema revenue decreased by 40%, or $3.0 million, to $4.5 million versus the same period in 2018, due to a decrease of 40% in attendance, while ATP and SPP remained relatively flat. The decrease in New Zealand was materially greater than that in the U.S. and Australia due to the closure of our Courtenay Central cinema in January. |

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More recently “Avengers:Endgame” had the biggest box office opening of any film since the opening weekend of April 25, 2019 with $620 million in North America box office and $2.2 billion in worldwide box office. Slated for release this spring and summer are a number of potentially strong box office performers, including “John Wick Chapter 3,” “Aladdin”, “Godzilla: King of the Monsters”, “Men in Black: International,” “Toy Story 4,” and “Spider-Man: Far From Home.”
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Operating expense
Operating expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 decreased by 12%, to $50.2 million primarily attributable to (i) lower film rent expense driven by lower admissions revenue, and (ii) lower F&B costs due to lower F&B revenue primarily in Australia and New Zealand.
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Operating expense as a percentage of gross revenue has increased to 87% for the first quarter of 2019, compared to 79% for the same period in 2018, due to the lower than anticipated revenue in our box office and the fact that our occupancy costs are generally fixed, and cannot be adjusted to reflect such lower admission levels.
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Depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense
Depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 increased by 11%, or $0.5 million, to $5.1 million mainly due to the depreciation related to the completion of our capital improvements placed into service in the U.S.
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Real Estate
The following table details our real estate segment operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | % Change |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended | Fav/(Unfav) |
| (Dollars in thousands) | March 31,2019 | % ofRevenue | March 31,2018 | % ofRevenue | Three Months Ended |
| REVENUE |
| ﻿ | United States | Live theater rental and ancillary income | $ | 936 | 17% | $ | 599 | 10% | 56 | % |
| ﻿ | Property rental income | 52 | 1% | 56 | 1% | (7) | % |
| ﻿ | 988 | 18% | 655 | 11% | 51 | % |
| ﻿ | Australia | Property rental income | 3,916 | 72% | 4,154 | 69% | (6) | % |
| ﻿ | New Zealand | Property rental income | 527 | 10% | 1,199 | 20% | (56) | % |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Total revenue | $ | 5,431 | 100% | $ | 6,008 | 100% | (10) | % |
| OPERATING EXPENSE |
| ﻿ | United States | Live theater cost | $ | (298) | 5% | $ | (296) | 5% | (1) | % |
| ﻿ | Property cost | (158) | 3% | (134) | 2% | (18) | % |
| ﻿ | Occupancy expense | (151) | 3% | (163) | 3% | 7 | % |
| ﻿ | (607) | 11% | (593) | 10% | (2) | % |
| ﻿ | Australia | Property cost | (701) | 13% | (752) | 13% | 7 | % |
| ﻿ | Occupancy expense | (692) | 13% | (567) | 9% | (22) | % |
| ﻿ | (1,393) | 26% | (1,319) | 22% | (6) | % |
| ﻿ | New Zealand | Property cost | (298) | 5% | (321) | 5% | 7 | % |
| ﻿ | Occupancy expense | (147) | 3% | (150) | 2% | 2 | % |
| ﻿ | (445) | 8% | (471) | 8% | 6 | % |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Total operating expense | $ | (2,445) | 45% | $ | (2,383) | 40% | (3) | % |
| DEPRECIATION, AMORTIZATION, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE |
| ﻿ | United States | Depreciation and amortization | $ | (195) | 4% | $ | (192) | 3% | (2) | % |
| ﻿ | General and administrative expense | (159) | 3% | (163) | 3% | 2 | % |
| ﻿ | (354) | 7% | (355) | 6% | - | % |
| ﻿ | Australia | Depreciation and amortization | $ | (926) | 17% | $ | (909) | 15% | (2) | % |
| ﻿ | General and administrative expense | (292) | 5% | (411) | 7% | 29 | % |
| ﻿ | (1,218) | 22% | (1,320) | 22% | 8 | % |
| ﻿ | New Zealand | Depreciation and amortization | (256) | 5% | (269) | 4% | 5 | % |
| ﻿ | General and administrative expense | — | 0% | — | 0% | - | % |
| ﻿ | (256) | 5% | (269) | 4% | 5 | % |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Total depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense | $ | (1,828) | 34% | $ | (1,944) | 32% | 6 | % |
| OPERATING INCOME - REAL ESTATE |
| ﻿ | United States | $ | 27 | 0% | $ | (293) | (5)% | 109 | % |
| ﻿ | Australia | 1,305 | 24% | 1,515 | 25% | (14) | % |
| ﻿ | New Zealand | (174) | (3)% | 459 | 8% | (138) | % |
| ﻿ | Total real estate operating income | $ | 1,158 | 21% | $ | 1,681 | 28% | (31) | % |

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1st Quarter Results
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Real Estate Segment income
Real estate segment operating income decreased by 31%, or $0.5 million, to $1.2 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 compared to March 31, 2018, primarily due to the closure of most of the net rentable area of Courtenay Central; offset by an increase in Live Theatre segment revenue of 56%, or $0.3 million, to $0.9 million.
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Revenue
Real estate revenue for the quarter decreased by 10%, or $0.6 million, to $5.4 million primarily due to a weak foreign currency exchange rate and a decrease in revenues from our New Zealand segment, principally related to the closure of portions of Courtenay Central.
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Operating expense
Operating expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 remained flat at $2.4 million.
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Depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense
Depreciation, amortization, general and administrative expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 decreased by 6%, or $0.1 million, to $1.8 million primarily driven by a weak foreign currency exchange rate and a decrease in general and administrative expenses in Australia.
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
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Our cinema exhibition business plan is to enhance our current cinemas where it is financially reasonable to do so; develop our specialty cinemas in select markets; expand our food and beverage offering, and continue on an opportunistic basis, to identify, develop, and acquire cinema properties that allow us to leverage our cinema expertise over a larger operating base.
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Our real estate business is to complete the redevelopment of 44 Union Square in New York City; to reassess and master-plan the Cinemas 1,2,3 property for redevelopment as a stand-alone 96,000 square foot mixed use property and in the interim to continue to use it as a cinema; to continue the build-out of our Newmarket Village and Auburn ETCs and the master planning of the expansion of our Townsville ETC in Australia; to master plan and consider the redevelopment of our Courtenay Central site in New Zealand into an urban entertainment center with a focus on cinema exhibition, food and beverage, and grocery store uses; and in Manukau, New Zealand, to develop in concert with other major land owners, of plans for the development of the infrastructure needed to support the construction of income-producing improvements; and to continue to be sensitive to opportunities to convert our entertainment assets to higher and better uses, or, where appropriate, to dispose of such assets. We will also continue to explore potential synergistic acquisitions that may not readily fall into either our cinema or real estate segment.
The success of our Company is dependent on our ability to execute these business plans effectively through our available resources (both cash and available borrowing facilities) while still timely addressing our liquidity risk. Liquidity risk is the risk relating to our ability to meet our financial obligations when they come due. At the present, our financial obligations arise mainly from capital expenditure needs, working capital requirements, and debt servicing requirements. We manage the liquidity risk by ensuring our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operating activities and to obtain adequate, reasonable financing or extension of maturity dates under reasonable arrangements, and/or to convert non-performing or non-strategic assets into cash.
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At March 31, 2019, our consolidated cash and cash equivalents totaled $12.6 million. Of this amount, $3.2 million and $0.7 million were held by our Australian and New Zealand subsidiaries, respectively. Our intention is to indefinitely reinvest Australian earnings locally, but not indefinitely reinvest New Zealand earnings. If the Australian earnings were used to fund U.S. operations, they would be subject to additional state income taxes upon repatriation.
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The changes in cash and cash equivalents for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 are discussed as follows:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | Three Months Ended |
| ﻿ | March 31, |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2018 | % Change |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | (3,841) | $ | 2,452 | (257) | % |
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (12,613) | (23,491) | (46) | % |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 15,918 | 16,161 | 2 | % |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 57 | (122) | 147 | % |
| Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (479) | $ | (5,000) | 90 | % |

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Operating activities
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities for the first three months of 2019 decreased by $6.3 million, to ($3.8) million primarily driven by $4.7 million lower cash inflows from operating activities as well as a $1.5 million decrease in net operating assets.
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Investing activities
Cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2019 decreased by $10.9 million compared to the same period in 2018, to net cash used of $12.6 million, primarily due to a decrease in our cinema refurbishment activities compared to the 2018 quarter and the substantial completion of the upgrading and expansion of our Newmarket and Auburn/Redyard ETCs in 2018. It is anticipated that spending on our cinema activities will pick up over the remainder of the year.
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Financing Activities
The $15.9 million net cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2019 was primarily related to $22.3 million of new borrowings, offset by $6.1 million of loan repayments. Proceeds from these new borrowings related principally to the ongoing construction of our 44 Union Square project in Manhattan of $6.7 million and to fund the capital improvements in our cinemas and real estate segments.
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On March 2, 2017, the Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program to repurchase up to $25.0 million of Reading’s Class A Common Stock. The Board on March 14, 2019, extended that program to March 2, 2021. At March 31, 2019, there was $16.2 million of capacity remaining in that authorization.
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We manage our cash, investments and capital structure so we are able to meet the short-term and long-term obligations of our business, while maintaining financial flexibility and liquidity. We forecast, analyze and monitor our cash flows to enable investment and financing within the overall constraints of our financial strategy. In recent years, our treasury management has been focused on more aggressive cash management using cash balances to reduce debt. In earlier years, we maintained significant cash balances in our bank accounts. We have used cash generated from operations and other excess cash, to the extent not needed for any capital expenditures, to pay down our loans and credit facilities providing us some flexibility on our available loan facilities for future use and thereby, reducing interest charges.
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The table below presents the changes in our total available resources (cash and borrowings), debt-to-equity ratio, working capital and other relevant information addressing our liquidity for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and preceding four years:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| ﻿ | As of andfor the3-MonthsEnded | Year Ended December 31 |
| ($ in thousands) | 3/31/2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 (2) |
| Total Resources (cash and borrowings) |
| Cash and cash equivalents (unrestricted) | $ | 12,648 | $ | 13,127 | $ | 13,668 | $ | 19,017 | $ | 19,702 |
| Unused borrowing facility | 107,111 | 85,886 | 137,231 | 117,599 | 70,134 |
| Restricted for capital projects (1) | 23,566 | 30,318 | 62,280 | 62,024 | 10,263 |
| Unrestricted capacity | 83,545 | 55,568 | 74,951 | 55,575 | 59,871 |
| Total resources at period end | 119,759 | 99,013 | 150,899 | 136,616 | 89,836 |
| Total unrestricted resources at period end | 96,193 | 68,695 | 88,619 | 74,592 | 79,573 |
| Debt-to-Equity Ratio |
| Total contractual facility | $ | 290,879 | $ | 252,929 | $ | 271,732 | $ | 266,134 | $ | 207,075 |
| Total debt (gross of deferred financing costs) | 184,099 | 167,043 | 134,501 | 148,535 | 130,941 |
| Current | 40,077 | 30,393 | 8,109 | 567 | 15,000 |
| Non-current | 143,691 | 136,650 | 126,392 | 147,968 | 115,941 |
| Finance lease liabilities | 331 | — | — | — | — |
| Total book equity(2) | 179,946 | 180,547 | 181,618 | 146,890 | 138,951 |
| Debt-to-equity ratio | 1.02 | 0.93 | 0.74 | 1.01 | 0.94 |
| Changes in Working Capital |
| Working capital (deficit) (3) | $ | (77,236) | $ | (55,270) | $ | (46,971) | $ | 6,655 | $ | (35,581) |
| Current ratio | 0.28 | 0.35 | 0.42 | 1.10 | 0.51 |
| Capital Expenditures (including acquisitions) | $ | 11,476 | $ | 56,827 | $ | 76,708 | $ | 49,166 | $ | 53,119 |

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| (1) | This relates to the construction facilities specifically negotiated for: (i) Union Square redevelopment project, obtained in December 2016, and (ii) New Zealand construction projects, obtained in May 2015. The New Zealand construction loan expired December 31, 2018. |

| (2) | Certain 2015 balances included the restatement impact as a result of a change in accounting principle (see Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Accounting Changes). Certain 2017 and 2016 balances included the restatement impact as a result of a prior period financial statement correction of immaterial errors (see Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Prior Period Financial Statement Correction of Immaterial Errors). |

| (3) | Typically our working capital (deficit) is negative as we receive revenue from our cinema business ahead of the time that we have to pay our associated liabilities. We use the money we receive to pay down our borrowings in the first instance |

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CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS, COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
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The following table provides information with respect to the maturities and scheduled principal repayments of our recorded contractual obligations and certain of our commitments and contingencies, either recorded or off-balance sheet, as of March 31, 2019:
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| ﻿ |
| ﻿ |
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | Thereafter | Total |
| Debt(1) | $ | 40,016 | $ | 48,799 | $ | 258 | $ | 270 | $ | 58,309 | $ | 8,204 | $ | 155,856 |
| Operating leases, including imputed interest | 23,566 | 31,434 | 31,717 | 31,901 | 31,018 | 169,221 | 318,857 |
| Finance leases, including imputed interest | 131 | 101 | 53 | 43 | 30 | — | 358 |
| Subordinated debt(1) | — | — | — | — | — | 27,913 | 27,913 |
| Pension liability | 513 | 684 | 684 | 684 | 684 | 1,979 | 5,228 |
| Village East purchase option(3) | 5,900 | — | — | — | — | — | 5,900 |
| Estimated interest on debt (2) | 7,717 | 6,098 | 5,156 | 5,157 | 5,134 | 7,498 | 36,761 |
| Total | $ | 77,844 | $ | 87,116 | $ | 37,868 | $ | 38,055 | $ | 95,175 | $ | 214,815 | $ | 550,873 |

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| (1) | Information is presented gross of deferred financing costs. |

| (2) | Estimated interest on debt is based on the anticipated loan balances for future periods and current applicable interest rates. |

| (3) | Represents the lease liability of the option associated with the ground lease purchase of the Village East Cinema. |

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Refer to Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.
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Litigation
We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings and, as required, have accrued estimates of probable and estimable losses for the resolution of these claims.
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Where we are the plaintiffs, we expense all legal fees on an on-going basis and make no provision for any potential settlement amounts until received. In Australia, the prevailing party is usually entitled to recover its attorneys’ fees, which typically work out to be approximately 60% of the amounts actually spent where first class legal counsel is engaged at customary rates. Where we are a plaintiff, we have likewise made no provision for the liability for the defendant’s attorneys' fees in the event we are determined not to be the prevailing party.
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Where we are the defendants, we accrue for probable damages that insurance may not cover as they become known and can be reasonably estimated. In our opinion, any claims and litigation in which we are currently involved are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial position, or liquidity. It is possible, however, that future results of the operations for any particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by the ultimate outcome of the legal proceedings. Please refer to Item 3 – Legal Proceedings in our 2018 Form 10-K for more information. There have been no material changes to our litigation since our 2018 Form 10-K, except as set forth in Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies in the accompanying consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
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See Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein on this report, there are no off-balance sheet arrangements or obligations (including contingent obligations) that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future material effect on our financial condition, changes in the financial condition, revenue or expense, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
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We believe that the application of the following accounting policies requires significant judgments and estimates in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements and hence, are critical to our business operations and the understanding of our financial results:
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(i) Impairment of Long-lived Assets (other than Goodwill and Intangible Assets with indefinite lives) – we evaluate our long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets using historical and projected data of cash flows as our primary indicator of potential impairment and we take into consideration the seasonality of our business. If the sum of the estimated, undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, then an impairment is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value based on an appraisal or a discounted cash flow calculation. For certain non-income producing properties or for those assets with no consistent historical or projected cash flows, we obtain appraisals or other evidence to evaluate whether there are impairment indicators for these assets.
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Besides the write-down of the carrying amount of our parking structure adjacent to our Courtenay Central ETC in Wellington, New Zealand due to earthquake damage during the 4th quarter of 2016, no other impairment losses were recorded for long-lived and finite-lived intangible assets for the three years ended December 31, 2018. Refer to Note 20 – Insurance Recoveries on Impairment and Related Losses due to Earthquake in the 2018 Form 10-K for further details.
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(ii) Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets with indefinite lives – goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but instead, tested for impairment at least annually on a reporting unit basis. The impairment evaluation is based on the present value of estimated future cash flows of each reporting unit plus the expected terminal value. There are significant assumptions and estimates used in determining the future cash flows and terminal value. The most significant assumptions include our cost of debt and cost of equity assumptions that comprise the weighted average cost of capital for each reporting unit. Accordingly, actual results could vary materially from such estimates.
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No impairment losses were recorded for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
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FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
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International Business Risks
Our international operations are subject to a variety of risks, including the following:
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| · | Currency Risk: while we report our earnings and net assets in U.S. dollars, substantial portions of our revenue and of our obligations are denominated in either Australian or New Zealand dollars. The value of these currencies can vary significantly compared to the U.S. dollar and compared to each other. We do not hedge the currency risk, but rather have relied upon the   40 |
| natural hedges that exist as a result of the fact that our film costs are typically fixed as a percentage of the box office, and our local operating costs and obligations are likewise typically denominated in local currencies. However, we do have intercompany debt and our ability to service this debt could be adversely impacted by declines in the relative value of the Australian and New Zealand dollar compared to the U.S. dollar. Also, our use of local borrowings to mitigate the business risk of currency fluctuations has reduced our flexibility to move cash between jurisdictions. Set forth below is a chart of the exchange ratios between these three currencies since 1996: |

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In recent periods, we have repaid intercompany debt and used the proceeds to fund capital investment in the United States. Accordingly, our debt levels in Australia are higher than they would have been if funds had not been returned for such purposes. On a company wide basis, this means that a reduction in the relative strength of the U.S. dollar versus the Australian dollar and/or the New Zealand dollar will effectively raise the overall cost of our borrowing and capital and make it more expensive to return funds from the United States to Australia and New Zealand.
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Our exposure to interest rate risk arises out of our intermediate term floating-rate borrowings. To manage the risk, we utilize interest rate derivative contracts to convert certain floating-rate borrowings into fixed-rate borrowings. It is the Company’s policy to enter into interest rate derivative transactions only to the extent considered necessary to meet its objectives as stated above. The Company does not enter into these transactions or any other hedging transactions for speculative purposes.
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Inflation
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We continually monitor inflation and the effects of changing prices. Inflation increases the cost of goods and services used. Competitive conditions in many of our markets restrict our ability to recover fully the higher costs of acquired goods and services through price increases. We attempt to mitigate the impact of inflation by implementing continuous process improvement solutions to enhance productivity and efficiency and, as a result, lower costs and operating expenses. The effects of inflation have not had a material impact on our operations and the resulting financial position or liquidity.
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FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
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Our statements in this interim quarterly report contain a variety of forward-looking statements as defined by the Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements reflect only our expectations regarding future events and operating performance and necessarily speak only as of the date the information was prepared. No guarantees can be given that our expectation will in fact be realized, in whole or in part. You can recognize these statements by our use of words such as, by way of example, “may”, “will”, “expect”, “believe”, and “anticipate” or other similar terminology.
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These forward-looking statements reflect our expectation after having considered a variety of risks and uncertainties. However, they are necessarily the product of internal discussion and do not necessarily completely reflect the views of individual members of our Board of Directors or of our management team. Individual Board members and individual members of our management team may have a different view as to the risks and uncertainties involved, and may have different views as to future events or our operating performance.
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Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in or underlying our forward-looking statements are the following:
| · | with respect to our cinema operations: |

| o | the number and attractiveness to moviegoers of the films released in future periods; |

| o | the amount of money spent by film distributors to promote their motion pictures; |

| o | the licensing fees and terms required by film distributors from motion picture exhibitors in order to exhibit their films; |

| o | the comparative attractiveness of motion pictures as a source of entertainment and willingness and/or ability of consumers (i) to spend their dollars on entertainment and (ii) to spend their entertainment dollars on movies in and outside the home environment; |

| o | the extent to which we encounter competition from other cinema exhibitors, from other sources of outside-the-home entertainment, and from inside-the-home entertainment options, such as “home theaters” and competitive film product distribution technology, such as, by way of example, cable, satellite broadcast and Blu-ray/DVD rentals and sales, and so called “movies on demand;” |

| o | the cost and impact of improvements to our cinemas, such as improved seating, enhanced food and beverage offerings and other improvements; |

| o | disruptions from theater improvements; and |

| o | the extent to and the efficiency with which we are able to integrate acquisitions of cinema circuits with our existing operations. |

| · | with respect to our real estate development and operation activities: |

| o | the rental rates and capitalization rates applicable to the markets in which we operate and the quality of properties that we own; |

| o | the extent to which we can obtain on a timely basis the various land use approvals and entitlements needed to develop our properties; |

| o | the risks and uncertainties associated with real estate development; |

| o | the availability and cost of labor and materials; |

| o | the ability to obtain all permits to construct improvements; |

| o | the ability to finance improvements; |

| o | the disruptions from construction; |

| o | the possibility of construction delays, work stoppage and material shortage; |

| o | competition for development sites and tenants; |

| o | environmental remediation issues; |

| o | the extent to which our cinemas can continue to serve as an anchor tenant that will, in turn, be influenced by the same factors as will influence generally the results of our cinema operations; |

| o | the increased depreciation and amortization expenses as construction projects transition to leased real property; |

| o | the ability to negotiate and execute joint venture opportunities and relationships; and |

| o | certain of our activities are in geologically active areas, creating a risk of damage and/or disruption of real estate and/or cinema businesses from earthquakes. |

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| · | with respect to our operations generally as an international company involved in both the development and operation of cinemas and the development and operation of real estate and previously engaged for many years in the railroad business in the United States: |

| o | our ability to renew, extend or renegotiate our loans that mature in 2019; |

| o | our ability to grow our Company and provide value to our stockholders; |

| o | our ongoing access to borrowed funds and capital and the interest that must be paid on that debt and the returns that must be paid on such capital; |

| o | expenses, management and Board distraction and other effects of the litigation efforts mounted by James Cotter, Jr. against the Company, including his efforts to cause a sale of voting control of the Company; |

| o | the relative values of the currency used in the countries in which we operate; |

| o | changes in government regulation, including by way of example, the costs resulting from the implementation of the requirements of Sarbanes-Oxley; |

| o | our labor relations and costs of labor (including future government requirements with respect to pension liabilities, disability insurance and health coverage, and vacations and leave); |

| o | our exposure from time to time to legal claims and to uninsurable risks such as those related to our historic railroad operations, including potential environmental claims and health-related claims relating to alleged exposure to asbestos or other substances now or in the future recognized as being possible causes of cancer or other health related problems; |

| o | our exposure to cyber-security risks, including misappropriation of customer information or other breaches of information security; |

| o | changes in future effective tax rates and the results of currently ongoing and future potential audits by taxing authorities having jurisdiction over our various companies; and |

| o | changes in applicable accounting policies and practices. |

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The above list is not necessarily exhaustive, as business is by definition unpredictable and risky, and subject to influence by numerous factors outside of our control, such as changes in government regulation or policy, competition, interest rates, supply, technological innovation, changes in consumer taste, the weather, and the extent to which consumers in our markets have the economic wherewithal to spend money on beyond-the-home entertainment. Refer to Item 1A Risk factors in the 2018 Form 10-K annual report for more information.
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Given the variety and unpredictability of the factors that will ultimately influence our businesses and our results of operation, it naturally follows that no guarantees can be given that any of our forward-looking statements will ultimately prove to be correct. Actual results will undoubtedly vary and there is no guarantee as to how our securities will perform either when considered in isolation or when compared to other securities or investment opportunities.
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Finally, we undertake no obligation to update publicly or to revise any of our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable law. Accordingly, you should always note the date to which our forward-looking statements speak.
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Additionally, certain of the presentations included in this interim quarterly report may contain “non-GAAP financial measures.” In such case, a reconciliation of this information to our GAAP financial statements will be made available in connection with such statements.
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Item 3 –
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk
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The SEC requires that registrants include information about potential effects of changes in currency exchange and interest rates in their filings. Several alternatives, all with some limitations, have been offered. We base the following discussion on a sensitivity analysis that models the effects of fluctuations in currency exchange rates and interest rates. This analysis is constrained by several factors, including the following:
| · | It is based on a single point in time; and |

| · | It does not include the effects of other complex market reactions that would arise from the changes modeled. |

Although the results of such an analysis may be useful as a benchmark, they should not be viewed as forecasts.
At March 31, 2019, approximately 33% and 11% of our assets were invested in assets denominated in Australian dollars (Reading Australia) and New Zealand dollars (Reading New Zealand), respectively, including approximately $3.9 million in cash and cash equivalents. At December 31, 2018, approximately 36% and 14% of our assets were invested in assets denominated in Australian dollars (Reading Australia) and New Zealand dollars (Reading New Zealand), including approximately $5.5 million in cash and cash equivalents.
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Our policy in Australia and New Zealand is to match revenues and expenses, whenever possible, in local currencies. As a result, we have procured a majority of our expenses in Australia and New Zealand in local currencies. Despite this natural hedge, recent movements in foreign currencies have had an effect on our current earnings. Although foreign currency has had an effect on our current earnings, the effect of the translation adjustment on our assets and liabilities noted in our other comprehensive income was an increase of $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. As we continue to progress our acquisition and development activities in Australia and New Zealand, we cannot assure you that the foreign currency effect on our earnings will not be material in the future.
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Historically, our policy has been to borrow in local currencies to finance the development and construction of our long-term assets in Australia and New Zealand whenever possible. As a result, the borrowings in local currencies have provided somewhat of a natural hedge against the foreign currency exchange exposure. Even so, and as a result of our issuance of subordinated Trust Preferred Securities in 2007, and their subsequent partial repayment, approximately 44% and 64% of our Australian and New Zealand assets, respectively, remain subject to such exposure, unless we elect to hedge our foreign currency exchange between the US and Australian and New Zealand dollars. If the foreign currency rates were to fluctuate by 10%, the resulting change in Australian and New Zealand assets would be $9.9 million and $4.6 million, respectively, and the change in our quarterly net income (loss) would be $0.2 million and ($0.1) million, respectively. Presently, we have no plan to hedge such exposure.
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We record unrealized foreign currency translation gains or losses that could materially affect our financial position. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the balance of cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments was approximately $10.2 million gain and $8.7 million gain, respectively.
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Historically, we maintain most of our cash and cash equivalent balances in short-term money market instruments with original maturities of three months or less. Due to the short-term nature of such investments, a change of 1% in short-term interest rates would not have a material effect on our financial condition.
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We have a combination of fixed and variable interest rate loans. In connection with our variable interest rate loans, a change of approximately 1% in short-term interest rates would have resulted in approximately $239,000 increase or decrease in our quarterly interest expense.
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For further discussion on market risks, please refer to International Business Risks included in Item 2, Part 1 of this Form 10-Q.
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Item 4 –
Controls and Procedures
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We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
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Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such, term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, we concluded that, as of March 31, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
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There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II – Other Information
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Item 1 – Legal Proceedings
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The information required under Part II, Item 1 (Legal Proceedings) is incorporated by reference to the information contained in Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein in Part I, Item 1 (Financial Statements) on this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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In the quarter ended March 31, 2019, the arbitration relating to the termination of Cotter, Jr.’s employment with our Company (Reading International, Inc. v. James J. Cotter, AAA Case No. 01-15-0004-2384, filed July 2015) was resolved. While our Company was the named claimant, this matter relates essentially to Cotter, Jr.’s claims for compensation and damages related to his termination as our Company’s president and chief executive officer which were originally included in the Derivative Action described in Note 13, above. The Arbitrator has determined that, while Cotter, Jr. did breach his obligations under his Employment Agreement with our Company, Cotter, Jr’s breaches were not sufficiently material to allow our Company relief from its obligations under the Employment Agreement to pay certain specified separation amounts, totaling $313,000 (the “Separation Payment Amount”). The arbitrator awarded this amount, plus interest at the rate of 10% from June 12, 2016, until the award was paid in full on March 6, 2019. The reserve set up by the Company in 2015 with respect to this claim has been reversed. The Arbitrator denied on substantive grounds Cotter, Jr’s claims for consequential damages and for damages based on various tort theories (including defamation) and/or upon wrongful termination claims and denied, on jurisdictional grounds, Cotter Jr’s claims that the unvested stock options granted to him under his Employment Agreement did not expire upon his termination and continued to be exercisable by him so long as he continued as a director of our Company. In total, Cotter, Jr., claimed specified damages in excess of $1,000,000 plus unspecified tort damages. While the award was less than half of the amount claimed by Cotter, Jr., and while finding that Cotter, Jr., was in breach of his agreement with our Company, the Arbitrator nevertheless determined that Cotter, Jr. was the prevailing party and awarded Cotter, Jr. $443,000 of his requested $787,769 in attorney’s fees and costs. The Arbitrator also assessed the costs of the arbitration against our Company and ordered a reimbursement of such costs paid to date by Cotter Jr. in the amount of $14,250. This amount is reflected in our Company’s financial statements. The determinations of the Arbitrator are final and binding on the parties, and not subject to appeal.
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For further details on our legal proceedings, please refer to Item 3, Legal Proceedings, contained in our 2018 Form 10-K.
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Item 1A – Risk Factors
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There have been no material changes in risk factors as previously disclosed in our 2018 Form 10-K.
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Item 2 – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
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There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the periods covered by this report.
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The following table summarizes our repurchases under the March 2, 2017, stock repurchase program up until March 31, 2019:
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| Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as part of our Stock Buy-Back Program | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that may yet be Purchased under the Stock Buy-Back Program |
| March 2017 | 41,899 | $ | 15.99 | 41,899 | $ | 24,330,149 |
| May 2017 | 98,816 | $ | 15.78 | 98,816 | $ | 22,771,316 |
| June 2017 | 70,234 | $ | 16.39 | 70,234 | $ | 21,620,212 |
| August 2017 | 160,489 | $ | 15.82 | 160,489 | $ | 19,081,288 |
| September 2017 | 31,718 | $ | 15.77 | 31,718 | $ | 18,581,038 |
| December 2017 | 6,567 | $ | 16.01 | 6,567 | $ | 18,475,900 |
| February 2018 | 8,500 | $ | 16.98 | 8,500 | $ | 18,331,570 |
| March 2018 | 10,138 | $ | 16.99 | 10,138 | $ | 18,159,364 |
| April 2018 | 5,000 | $ | 16.12 | 5,000 | $ | 18,078,764 |
| December 2018 | 125,700 | $ | 15.24 | 125,700 | $ | 16,162,529 |
| March 2019 | 566 | $ | 16.08 | 566 | $ | 16,153,428 |
| Total | 559,627 | $ | 15.81 | 559,627 | $ | 16,153,428 |

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For a description of grants of stock to certain executives, see the Stock Based Compensation section under see Note 15 – Equity and Stock-Based Compensation to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Item 3 – Defaults upon Senior Securities
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None.
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Item 4 – Mine Safety Disclosure
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Not applicable.
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Item 5 –
Other Information
None
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Item 6 –
Exhibits
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| 31.1 | Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith. |
| 31.2 | Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith. |
| 32 | Certifications Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, furnished herewith. |
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document |
| 101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema |
| 101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation |
| 101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition |
| 101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels |
| 101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation |

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SIGNATURES
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
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READING INTERNATIONAL, INC.
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Date: May 10, 2019
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By: /s/ Ellen M. Cotter
Ellen M. Cotter
Chief Executive Officer
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Date: May 10, 2019
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By: /s/ Gilbert Avanes
Gilbert Avanes
Interim Chief Financial Officer
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Question: What is the increase or decrease in the percentage of net income to net cash provided by operating activities from 2018 to 2019?

Python solution:
def solution():
     #Define variables name and value
    net_income_2018 = 3104
    net_income_2019 = -2097
    op_cash_2018 = 2452
    op_cash_2019 = -3841

    # Calculate the percentage of net income to net cash provided by operating activities for both years
    net_income_to_op_cash_2018 = net_income_2018 / op_cash_2018 * 100
    net_income_to_op_cash_2019 = net_income_2019 / op_cash_2019 * 100

    #Calculate the percentage change from 2018 to 2019
    percentage_change = (net_income_to_op_cash_2019 - net_income_to_op_cash_2018) / net_income_to_op_cash_2018 * 100
    answer = percentage_change
    return answer


Answer: -56.8726397496