Item 1.
Business
Our Company
Unless the context otherwise indicates or requires, as used in this Annual Report, references to "we," "us," "our," or the "Company" refer to Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc., its subsidiaries and predecessors. References to "Spirit" refer only to our subsidiary, Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., and references to "Spirit Holdings" or "Holdings" refer only to Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. References to "Boeing" refer to The Boeing Company and references to "Airbus" refer to Airbus S.A.S., a division of Airbus Group SE. References to "OEM" refer to commercial aerospace original equipment manufacturer.
We are one of the largest independent non-OEM aircraft parts designers and manufacturers of commercial aerostructures in the world, based on annual revenues, as well as the largest independent supplier of aerostructures to Boeing. In addition, we are one of the largest independent suppliers of aerostructures to Airbus. Boeing and Airbus are the two largest aircraft OEMs in the world. Aerostructures are structural components such as fuselages, propulsion systems and wing systems for commercial and military aircraft. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, we generated net revenues of $6,643.9 million, and had net income of $788.7 million.
We derive our revenues primarily through long-term supply agreements with Boeing and Airbus. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, approximately 84% and 11% of our net revenues were generated from sales to Boeing and Airbus, respectively. We are currently the sole-source supplier for nearly all of the products we sell to Boeing and Airbus. We are a critical partner to our customers due to the broad range of products we currently supply to them and our leading design and manufacturing capabilities using both metallic and composite materials. Under our supply agreements with Boeing and Airbus, we supply products for the life of the aircraft program (other than the A350 XWB and A380), excluding Airbus commercial derivative models. For the A350 XWB and A380, we have long-term requirements contracts with Airbus.
We manufacture aerostructures for every Boeing commercial aircraft currently in production, including the majority of the airframe content for the Boeing B737, the most popular major commercial aircraft in history. As a result of our unique capabilities both in process design and composite materials, we were awarded a contract that makes us the largest aerostructures content supplier on the Boeing B787, Boeing's next generation twin aisle aircraft. In addition, we are one of the largest content suppliers of wing systems for the Airbus A320 family. We are a significant supplier for the Airbus A380 and the Airbus A350 XWB (Xtra Wide-Body). Sales related to the commercial aircraft market, some of which may be used in military applications, represented approximately 99% of our net revenues for the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2015.
Since Spirit's incorporation, the Company has expanded its customer base to include Sikorsky, Rolls-Royce, Bombardier, Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation, Bell Helicopter, Southwest Airlines, United Airlines and American Airlines. The Company has its headquarters in Wichita, Kansas, with manufacturing facilities in Tulsa and McAlester, Oklahoma; Prestwick, Scotland; Wichita and Chanute, Kansas; Kinston, North Carolina; Saint-Nazaire, France; and Subang, Malaysia.
Our History
Spirit Holdings was incorporated in the state of Delaware on February 7, 2005, and commenced operations on June 17, 2005 through the acquisition of Boeing's operations in Wichita, Kansas; Tulsa, Oklahoma and McAlester, Oklahoma (the "Boeing Acquisition") by an investor group led by Onex Partners LP and Onex Corporation (together with its affiliates, "Onex"). Boeing's commercial aerostructures manufacturing operations in Wichita, Kansas and Tulsa and McAlester, Oklahoma, are referred to in this Report as "Boeing Wichita." Spirit Holdings, Spirit's parent company, has had publicly traded shares on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker "SPR" since November 2006.
In connection with the Boeing Acquisition, we entered into long-term supply agreements under which we are Boeing's exclusive supplier for substantially all of the products and services provided by Boeing Wichita to Boeing prior to the Boeing Acquisition, including products for Boeing's B737, B747, B767 and B777 commercial aircraft programs, as well as for certain products for Boeing's B787 program. These supply agreements cover the life of these programs, including any commercial derivative models.
On April 1, 2006, we became a supplier to Airbus through our acquisition of the aerostructures division of BAE Systems (Operations) Limited, referred to in this Report as "BAE Systems." The acquired division of BAE Systems is referred to in this Report as "BAE Aerostructures," and the acquisition of BAE Aerostructures is referred to as the "BAE Acquisition." BAE Aerostructures was subsequently renamed Spirit AeroSystems (Europe) Limited and is referred to in this report as "Spirit Europe."
In November 2006, we issued and sold 10,416,667 shares of our class A common stock and certain selling stockholders sold 52,929,167 shares of our class A common stock at a price to the public of $26.00 per share in our initial public offering. In May 2007, certain selling stockholders sold 34,340,484 shares of our class A common stock at a price to the public of $33.50 per share
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in a secondary offering of our class A common stock. In April 2011, certain selling stockholders sold 10,307,375 shares of our class A common stock at a price to the underwriters of $24.49 per share in a secondary offering of our class A common stock. In March, June and August 2014, certain selling stockholders sold 22,915,300 shares of our class A common stock at prices to the public ranging from $28.62 to $35.90 per share in secondary offerings of our class A common stock. Following the August 2014 offering, Onex no longer held any investment in the Company.
Our Relationship with Boeing
Supply Agreement with Boeing for B737, B747, B767 and B777 Platforms
Overview. In connection with the Boeing Acquisition, Spirit entered into long-term supply agreements under which we became Boeing's exclusive supplier for substantially all of the products and services provided by Boeing Wichita to Boeing prior to the closing of the Boeing Acquisition. The main supply contract is primarily comprised of two separate agreements: (1) the Special Business Provisions, or Sustaining SBP, which sets forth the specific terms of the supply arrangement with regard to Boeing's B737, B747, B767 and B777 aircraft and (2) the General Terms Agreement, or GTA, which sets forth other general contractual provisions relating to our various supply arrangements with Boeing, including provisions relating to termination, events of default, assignment, ordering procedures, inspections and quality controls. The summary below describes provisions contained in both the Sustaining SBP and the GTA as both agreements govern the main supply arrangement. We refer to the Sustaining SBP, the GTA and any related purchase order or contract collectively as the "Supply Agreement." The Supply Agreement is a requirements contract which covers certain products, including fuselages, struts/pylons and nacelles (including thrust reversers), wings and wing components, as well as tooling, for Boeing B737, B747, B767 and B777 commercial aircraft programs for the life of these programs, including any commercial derivative models. During the term of the Supply Agreement and absent default by Spirit, Boeing is obligated to purchase from Spirit all of its requirements for products covered by the Supply Agreement. Although Boeing is not required to maintain a minimum production rate, Boeing is subject to a maximum production rate above which it must negotiate with us regarding responsibility for non-recurring expenditures related to a capacity increase.
Pricing. The initial pricing terms for recurring products under the Supply Agreement expired in May 2013. Under these terms, prices were adjusted each year based on a quantity-based price adjustment formula described in the Supply Agreement whereby average per-unit prices are higher at lower volumes and lower at higher volumes. Prices are subject to adjustment for abnormal inflation (above a specified level in any year) and for certain production, schedule and other changes. See "Changes" below.
In April 2014, we entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with Boeing that established pricing terms for the B737, B747, B767 and B777 programs for the period commencing on April 1, 2014 and ending on December 31, 2015 under the Company's long-term supply contract with Boeing covering products for such programs. The new pricing terms were not applied to the period prior to April 1, 2014. The new prices do not apply to the 737 MAX, for which recurring pricing has not yet been agreed. Since the parties have been unable to agree upon pricing on the B737, B747, B767 and B777 platforms for the periods beyond 2015, an interim payment mechanism has been triggered for deliveries under the Supply Agreement commencing January 1, 2016. This interim payment mechanism is based upon existing prices, adjusted using a quantity-based price adjustment formula and specified annual escalation. The interim payment mechanism is subject to adjustment when follow-on pricing is agreed upon. Prices for commercial derivative models are to be negotiated in good faith by the parties based on then-prevailing market conditions. If the parties cannot agree on price, then they must engage in dispute resolution pursuant to agreed-upon procedures.
Tooling. Under the Supply Agreement, Boeing owns all tooling used in production or inspection of products covered by the Supply Agreement. Spirit is responsible for providing all new tooling required for manufacturing and delivering products under the Supply Agreement, and Boeing acquires title to such tooling upon completion of the manufacturing of the tools and payment by Boeing. Because Boeing owns this tooling, Spirit may not sell, lease, dispose of or encumber any of it. Spirit does, however, have the option to procure certain limited tooling needed to manufacture and deliver both Boeing and non-Boeing parts.
Although Boeing owns the tooling, Spirit has the limited right to use this tooling without any additional charge to perform its obligations to Boeing under the Supply Agreement and also to provide aftermarket services in accordance with the rights granted to Spirit under other related agreements, including royalty-bearing license agreements. Boeing is entitled to use the tooling only under limited circumstances. Spirit is responsible for maintaining and insuring the tooling. Spirit's rights to use the tooling are subject to the termination provisions of the Supply Agreement.
Changes. Upon written notification to Spirit, Boeing has the right to make changes within the general scope of work performed by Spirit under the Supply Agreement. If any such change increases or decreases the cost or time required to perform, Boeing and Spirit must negotiate an equitable adjustment (based on rates, factors and methodology set forth in the Supply Agreement) to the price or schedule to reflect the change, except that Spirit will be responsible for absorbing the cost of certain changes. The Supply Agreement also provides for equitable adjustments to product prices if there are order accelerations or decelerations, depending on lead times identified in the Supply Agreement. In addition, the Supply Agreement provides for equitable
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adjustments to recurring part prices as well as the price of non-recurring work upon the satisfaction of certain conditions and upon certain minimum dollar thresholds being met.
Additional Spirit Costs. In the event that Boeing rejects a product manufactured by Spirit, Boeing is entitled to repair or rework such product, and Spirit is required to pay all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by Boeing related thereto. In addition, Spirit is required to reimburse Boeing for costs expended in providing Spirit and/or Spirit's contractors the technical or manufacturing assistance with respect to Spirit nonperformance issues.
Termination for Convenience. Subject to the restrictions prohibiting Boeing from manufacturing certain products supplied by Spirit or purchasing such products from any other supplier, Boeing may, at any time, terminate all or part of any order under the Supply Agreement by written notice to Spirit. If Boeing terminates all or part of an order, Spirit is entitled to compensation for certain costs.
Termination of Airplane Program. If Boeing decides not to initiate or continue production of a Boeing commercial aircraft model B737, B747, B767 or B777 or commercial derivative because it determines there is insufficient business basis for proceeding, Boeing may terminate such model or derivative, including any order therefor, by written notice to Spirit. In the event of such a termination, Boeing will be liable to Spirit for any orders issued prior to the date of the termination notice and may also be liable for certain termination costs.
Events of Default and Remedies. It is an "event of default" under the Supply Agreement if Spirit:
| (1) | fails to deliver products as required by the Supply Agreement; |

| (2) | fails to provide certain "assurances of performance" required by the Supply Agreement; |

| (3) | breaches the provisions of the Supply Agreement relating to intellectual property and proprietary information; |

| (4) | participates in the sale, purchase or manufacture of airplane parts without the required approval of the Federal Aviation Administration, or FAA, or appropriate foreign regulatory agency; |

| (5) | fails under certain requirements to maintain a system of quality assurance; |

| (6) | fails to comply with other obligations under the Supply Agreement (which breach continues for more than 10 days after notice is received from Boeing); |

| (7) | is unable to pay its debts as they become due, dissolves or declares bankruptcy; or |

| (8) | breaches the assignment provisions of the Supply Agreement (which breach continues for more than 10 days after notice is received from Boeing). |

If an event of default occurs, Boeing has the right to exercise various remedies set forth in the Supply Agreement, including the right to manufacture or to otherwise obtain substitute products, cancel any or all outstanding orders under the Supply Agreement, and/or terminate the Supply Agreement. Boeing is limited, however, in its ability to cancel orders or terminate the Supply Agreement for the defaults described in items (1), (2) and (6) above. In such cases, Boeing may not cancel orders unless the event of default is material and has an operational or financial impact on Boeing and may not terminate the Supply Agreement unless there are repeated, material events of default and certain other criteria are satisfied. Boeing may only terminate the Supply Agreement with respect to the aircraft program affected by the event of default. If two or more programs are affected by the event of default, Boeing may terminate the entire Supply Agreement. Boeing may also require Spirit to transfer tooling, raw material, work-in-process and other inventory and certain intellectual property to Boeing in return for reasonable compensation.
Excusable Delay. If delivery of any product is delayed by circumstances beyond Spirit's reasonable control, and without Spirit's or its suppliers' or subcontractors' error or negligence (including, without limitation, acts of God, war, terrorist acts, fires, floods, epidemics, strikes, unusually severe weather, riots and acts of government), or by any material act or failure to act by Boeing, each being an "excusable delay," then, subject to certain exceptions, Spirit's delivery obligations will be extended. If delivery of any product is delayed by an excusable delay for more than three months, Boeing may cancel all or part of any order for the delayed products.
If delivery of any product constituting more than 25% of the shipset value for one or more models of program airplanes is delayed by an excusable delay for more than five months, Boeing may cancel the Sustaining SBP as it applies to such models of program airplanes, and neither party will have any liability to the other, other than as described in the above paragraph under the heading "Events of Default and Remedies."
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Assignment. Spirit may not assign its rights under the Supply Agreement other than with Boeing's consent, which Boeing may not unreasonably withhold unless the assignment is to a disqualified person. A disqualified person is one: (1) whose principal business is as an OEM of commercial aircraft, space vehicles, satellites or defense systems; (2) that Boeing reasonably believes will not be able to perform its obligations under the Supply Agreement; (3) that, after giving effect to the transaction, would be a supplier of more than 40% by value of the major structural components of any Boeing program then in production; or (4) who is, or is an affiliate of, a commercial airplane operator or is one of five named corporate groups. Sale of majority voting power or of all or substantially all of Spirit's assets to a disqualified person is considered an assignment.
B787 Supply Agreement with Boeing
Overview. Spirit and Boeing also entered into a long-term supply agreement for Boeing's B787 program, or the B787 Supply Agreement, which covers the life of the program and commercial derivatives. The B787 Supply Agreement is a requirements contract pursuant to which Spirit is Boeing's exclusive supplier for the forward fuselage, fixed and moveable leading wing edges, engine pylons and related tooling for the B787. While the B787 Supply Agreement does not provide for a minimum or maximum production rate, the agreement acknowledges that Spirit is responsible for capitalization to support a rate of ten shipsets per month. If Boeing decides to increase production above ten shipsets per month, and if a certain percentage of the profit margin of the additional revenue due to the increase is not projected to recover expenditures required to increase the production rate beyond that level, Spirit will negotiate with Boeing regarding an equitable price adjustment. In November 2014, Spirit and Boeing entered into a Memorandum of Agreement (the “November 2014 MOA”) which includes an agreement to increase production rates to 12 aircraft per month on the B787 program. Under the B787 Supply Agreement, Spirit also provides certain support, development and redesign engineering services to Boeing at an agreed hourly rate.
Pricing. Pricing for the initial configuration of the B787-8 model is generally established through 2021, with prices decreasing as cumulative volume levels are met over the life of the program. The B787 Supply Agreement provides that initial prices for the B787-9 and B787-10 are to be determined by a procedure set out in the B787 Supply Agreement, and to be documented by amendment once that amendment has been agreed to by the parties. As part of the November MOA, Boeing and Spirit established interim prices for certain B787 shipsets, and the parties agreed to negotiate future rate increases, recurring prices, and other issues across multiple programs during 2015. Since we were unable to reach agreement with Boeing on these issues by the end of 2015, once the parties agree upon appropriate pricing for the B787-9, Boeing will be entitled to a retroactive adjustment on certain B787 payments which were based on the interim pricing. The amount we received that is subject to a retroactive adjustment was recorded as deferred revenue, and was never recognized by us as revenue. The parties have engaged in discussions concerning how to determine the subsequent B787-9 and initial B787-10 prices, and have not yet reached agreement. Prices are subject to adjustment for abnormal inflation (above a specified level in any year) and for certain production, schedule and other specific changes, including design changes from the contract configuration baseline for each B787 model. In addition, the B787 Supply Agreement provides for both parties to participate in an annual price adjustment process for each B787 model, which involves an evaluation of the cost impact to Spirit as a result of Boeing-directed changes and could result in price adjustments in either direction.
Advance Payments. Boeing has made advance payments to Spirit under the B787 Supply Agreement, which advance payments are required to be repaid to Boeing by way of offset against the purchase price for future shipset deliveries. Advance repayments were scheduled to be spread evenly over the remainder of the first 1,000 B787 shipsets delivered to Boeing, except that advance repayments were suspended from April 1, 2014 through March 31, 2015, and any repayments that otherwise would have become due during such 12-month period will be made by offset against the purchase price for shipset 1,001 through 1,120.
In the event Boeing does not take delivery of a sufficient number of shipsets to repay the full amount of advances prior to the termination of the B787 program or the B787 Supply Agreement, any advances not then repaid will be applied against any outstanding payments then due by Boeing to us, and any remaining balance will be repaid in annual installments of $42.0 million due on December 15th of each year until the advance payments have been fully recovered by Boeing. The B787 Amendment also changed the treatment of advances paid by Boeing for certain non-recurring work into a nonrefundable payment in full for such work.
Accordingly, portions of the advance repayment liability are included as current and long-term liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2015, the amount of advance payments received by us from Boeing not yet repaid was $515.7 million.
Termination of Airplane Program. If Boeing decides not to continue production of the B787 airplane program because it determines, after consultation with Spirit, that there is an insufficient business basis for proceeding, Boeing may terminate the B787 airplane program, including any orders, by written notice to Spirit. In the event of such a termination, Boeing will be liable to Spirit for costs incurred in connection with any orders issued prior to the date of the termination notice and may also be liable for certain termination costs and for compensation for any tools, raw materials or work-in-process requested by Boeing in connection with the termination.
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Events of Default and Remedies. It is an "event of default" under the B787 Supply Agreement if Spirit:
| (1) | fails to deliver products as required by the B787 Supply Agreement; |

| (2) | breaches the provisions of the B787 Supply Agreement relating to intellectual property and proprietary information; |

| (3) | participates in the sale, purchase or manufacture of airplane parts without the required approval of the FAA or appropriate foreign regulatory agency; |

| (4) | fails under certain requirements to maintain a system of quality assurance; |

| (5) | fails to comply with other obligations under the B787 Supply Agreement (which breach continues for more than 15 days after notice is received from Boeing); |

| (6) | is unable to pay its debts as they become due, dissolves or declares bankruptcy; |

| (7) | fails to comply with U.S. export control laws; or |

| (8) | breaches the assignment provisions of the B787 Supply Agreement. |

If an event of default occurs, Boeing has the right to exercise various remedies set forth in the B787 Supply Agreement, including the right to manufacture or to otherwise obtain substitute products, cancel any or all outstanding orders under the B787 Supply Agreement and/or terminate the B787 Supply Agreement. Before terminating any order or the B787 Supply Agreement, Boeing is required to work with Spirit to attempt to agree on a satisfactory recovery plan. Boeing may also require Spirit to transfer tooling, raw material, work-in-process and other inventory and certain intellectual property to Boeing in return for reasonable compensation.
Assignment. Spirit may not assign its rights under the B787 Supply Agreement or any related order other than with Boeing's consent, which Boeing may not unreasonably withhold unless the assignment is to a disqualified person. A disqualified person is one: (1) whose principal business is as an OEM of commercial aircraft, space vehicles, satellites or defense systems; (2) that Boeing reasonably believes will not be able to perform its obligations under the B787 Supply Agreement; (3) that, after giving effect to the transaction, would be a supplier of more than 40% by value of the major structural components of any Boeing program then in production; or (4) who is, or is an affiliate of, a commercial airplane operator or is one of five named corporate groups. Sale of majority voting power or of all or substantially all of Spirit's assets to a disqualified person is considered an assignment.
License of Intellectual Property
Supply Agreement. All technical work product and works of authorship produced by or for Spirit with respect to any work performed by or for Spirit pursuant to the Supply Agreement are the exclusive property of Boeing. All inventions conceived by or for Spirit with respect to any work performed by or for Spirit pursuant to the Supply Agreement and any patents claiming such inventions are the exclusive property of Spirit, except that Boeing will own any such inventions that Boeing reasonably believes are applicable to the B787 platform, and Boeing may seek patent protection for such B787 inventions or hold them as trade secrets, provided that, if Boeing does not seek patent protection, Spirit may do so.
Except as Boeing otherwise agrees, Spirit may only use Boeing proprietary information and materials (such as tangible and intangible confidential, proprietary and/or trade secret information and tooling) in the performance of its obligations under the Supply Agreement. Spirit is prohibited from selling products manufactured using Boeing proprietary information and materials to any person other than Boeing without Boeing's authorization.
Spirit has granted to Boeing a license to Spirit proprietary information and materials and software and related products for use in connection with the testing, certification, use, sale or support of a product covered by the Supply Agreement, or the manufacture, testing, certification, use, sale or support of any aircraft including and/or utilizing a product covered by the Supply Agreement. Spirit has also granted to Boeing a license to use Spirit intellectual property to the extent such intellectual property interferes with Boeing's use of products or intellectual property belonging to Boeing under the Supply Agreement.
To protect Boeing against Spirit's default, Spirit has granted to Boeing a license, exercisable on such default to practice and/or use, and license for others to practice and/or use on Boeing's behalf, Spirit's intellectual property and tooling related to the development, production, maintenance or repair of products in connection with making, using and selling products. As a part of the foregoing license, Spirit must, at the written request of and at no additional cost to Boeing, promptly deliver to Boeing any such licensed property considered by Boeing to be necessary to exercise Boeing's rights under the license.
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B787 Supply Agreement. The B787 Supply Agreement establishes three classifications for patented invention and proprietary information: (1) intellectual property developed by Spirit during activity under the B787 Supply Agreement, or Spirit IP; (2) intellectual property developed jointly by Boeing and Spirit during that activity, or Joint IP; and (3) all other intellectual property developed during activity under the B787 Supply Agreement, or Boeing IP.
Boeing may use Spirit IP for work on the B787 program and Spirit may license it to third parties for work on such program. Spirit may also not unreasonably withhold consent to the license of such intellectual property to third parties for work on other Boeing programs, provided that it may require a reasonable royalty to be paid and, with respect to commercial airplane programs, that Spirit has been offered an opportunity, to the extent commercially feasible, to work on such programs.
Each party is free to use Joint IP in connection with work on the B787 and other Boeing programs, but each must obtain the consent of the other to use it for other purposes. If either party wishes to license Joint IP to a third party for work on a Boeing program other than the B787, then the other party may require a reasonable royalty, but may not unreasonably withhold its consent, as long as (if the program in question is another Boeing commercial airplane program) Spirit has been offered an opportunity, to the extent commercially feasible, to perform work for the particular program.
Spirit is entitled to use Boeing IP for the B787 program, and may require Boeing to license it to subcontractors for the same purpose.
Additional License From Boeing. Boeing has licensed certain intellectual property rights to Spirit under a Hardware Material Services General Terms Agreement, or HMSGTA, and four initial Supplemental License Agreements, or SLAs, under the HMSGTA. The HMSGTA and the initial SLAs grant Spirit licenses to use Boeing intellectual property to manufacture listed parts for the aftermarket and to perform maintenance, repair and overhaul, or MRO, of aircraft and aircraft components for customers other than Boeing. These agreements also permit Spirit to use knowledge obtained by Spirit personnel prior to the closing of the Boeing Acquisition. Spirit also may obtain additional SLAs from Boeing and those SLAs will also supersede the restrictions on Spirit's use of Boeing's proprietary information and materials described above. Spirit pays Boeing royalties for the use of these licenses.
Intellectual Property
We have several patents pertaining to our processes and products. While our patents, in the aggregate, are of material importance to our business, no individual patent or group of patents is of material importance. We also rely on trade secrets, confidentiality agreements, unpatented knowledge, creative products development and continuing technological advancement to maintain our competitive position.
Our Products
We are organized into three principal reporting segments: (1) Fuselage Systems, which includes forward, mid and rear fuselage sections; (2) Propulsion Systems, which includes nacelles, struts/pylons and engine structural components; and (3) Wing Systems, which includes wing components, flight control surfaces and other miscellaneous structural parts. The Fuselage Systems segment manufactures products at our facilities in Wichita, Kansas and Kinston, North Carolina, with an assembly plant for the A350 XWB in Saint-Nazaire, France. The Propulsion Systems segment manufactures products at our facilities in Wichita and Chanute, Kansas, and the Wing Systems segment manufactures products at our facilities in Tulsa and McAlester, Oklahoma; Prestwick, Scotland; Subang, Malaysia and Kinston, North Carolina. Fuselage Systems, Propulsion Systems and Wing Systems represented approximately 52%, 26%, and 22%, of our net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, respectively. All other activities fall within the All Other segment, representing less than 1% of our net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, principally made up of sundry sales of miscellaneous services, tooling contracts, and sales of natural gas through a tenancy-in-common with other companies that have operations in Wichita, Kansas.
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As the programs we are involved in move through their life cycles, we classify them based on where they fall in the life cycle. The following table summarizes the program phases and programs in each category:
| Program Phases | Life Cycle | Aircraft Platform |
| New | Generally early in development phase | Sikorsky CH53-K, Mitsubishi Regional |
| Significant design evolution | Jet, Bombardier CSeries, B737 Max, |
| Typically has not achieved certifications | B777X, Bell V280 |
| Maturing | Generally in early production phase | B787, Rolls-Royce BR725, KC-46, |
| Typically certification is achieved in this phase | A350 XWB |
| Less design evolution than in new program phase |
| Typically few contract blocks completed |
| Mature | Generally at full-rate production | B737NG, B747, B767, B777, A320 |
| Certification has been achieved | Family, A330, A380, Boeing P-8 |
| Stable design |
| Typically several contract blocks completed |

Commercial Aircraft Structures
We design, engineer and manufacture large commercial aircraft structures such as fuselages, nacelles (including thrust reversers), struts/pylons, wing structures and flight control surfaces. We are the largest independent supplier of aerostructures to Boeing and one of the largest independent suppliers of aerostructures to Airbus. Sales related to the commercial aircraft structures market, some of which may be used in military applications, represented approximately 99% of our net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Our structural components, in particular the forward fuselage and nacelles, are among the most complex and highly engineered structural components and represent a significant percentage of the costs of each aircraft. We are currently the sole-source supplier for nearly all of the products we sell to Boeing and Airbus. We typically sell a package of aerostructure components, referred to as a shipset, to our customers.
The following table summarizes the major commercial programs that we currently have under long-term contract by product and aircraft platform.
| Product | Description | Aircraft Platform |
| Fuselage Systems |
| Forward Fuselage | Forward section of fuselage which houses flight deck, passenger cabin and cargo area | B737, B747, B767, B777, B787 |
| Other Fuselage Sections | Mid-section and other sections of the fuselage and certain other structural components, including floor beams | B737, B747, B777, A350 XWB |
| Propulsion Systems |
| Nacelles (including Thrust Reversers) | Aerodynamic structure surrounding engines | B737, B747, B767, B777, Rolls-Royce BR725 Engine |
| Struts/Pylons | Structure that connects engine to the wing | B737, B747, B767, B777, B787, Mitsubishi Regional Jet, Bombardier CSeries |
| Wing Systems |
| Flight Control Surfaces | Flaps and slats | B737, B777 |
| Wing Structures | Wing framework which consists mainly of spars, ribs, fixed leading edge, stringers, trailing edges and flap track beams | B737, B747, B767, B777, B787, A320 family, A330, A350 XWB, A380 |

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Military Equipment
In addition to providing aerostructures for commercial aircraft, we also design, engineer and manufacture structural components for military aircraft. We have been awarded a significant amount of work for Boeing's P-8, C40 and KC-46 Tanker. The Boeing P-8, C40 and KC-46 Tanker are commercial aircraft modified for military use. Other military programs for which we provide products include the development of the Sikorsky CH-53K and Bell Helicopter V280 tilt-rotor, and various other programs.
The following table summarizes the major military programs that we currently have under contract by product and military platform. Rotorcraft is part of the Fuselage Systems segment and low observables, radome and other military are part of the Wing Systems segment.
| Product | Description | Military Platform |
| Low Observables | Radar absorbent and translucent materials | Various |
| Rotorcraft | Forward cockpit and cabin | Sikorsky CH-53K Development Program |
| Fuselage | Bell Helicopter V280 Development Program |
| Other Military | Fabrication, bonding, assembly, testing, tooling, processing, engineering analysis, and training | Various |

Global Customer Support & Services
We continue to broaden our base for aftermarket support of the products we design and build. We have global reach with sales offices in Singapore, Ireland, China, the U.K. and the U.S. Our Spirit catalog has thousands of both new and serviceable parts that we offer directly to the marketplace by virtue of having obtained parts manufacturing approvals from the FAA. Our repair stations in Wichita, Kansas and Prestwick, Scotland have FAA and European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) certifications. In addition, we have a joint venture MRO repair station in Jinjiang, China, Taikoo Spirit AeroSystems Composite Company, Ltd., which holds Civil Aviation Administration of China certification and FAA and EASA approval.
The following table summarizes our aftermarket products and services:
| Product | Description | Aircraft Platform |
| Spares | Provides replacement parts and components support for: | B737 Classic, B737NG, B747, B757, B767, B777, Rolls-Royce BR725, A320, A330, A340, A380 |
| Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul | Certified repair stations that provide complete on-site repair and overhaul; maintains global partnerships to support MRO services | B737, B747, B767, B777, B787 and Rolls-Royce BR725 |
| Rotable Assets | Maintain a pool of rotable assets for sale, exchange and/or lease | B737, B747, B767, B777 |
| Engineering Services | Engineering, tooling and measurement services. On-call field service representatives. | Multiple platforms |

Our Competitive Strengths
We believe our key competitive strengths include:
Leading Position in the Growing Commercial Aerostructures Market. We are one of the largest independent non-OEM commercial aerostructures manufacturers with an estimated 21% market share of the global market. Based on their published aircraft backlog figures, Boeing and Airbus had a combined backlog of 12,582 commercial aircraft as of December 31, 2015, and 12,175 commercial aircraft as of December 31, 2014. We are under contract to provide aerostructure products for approximately 97% of the aircraft that comprise this commercial aircraft backlog. We are currently the sole-source supplier for nearly all of the products we sell to Boeing and Airbus. The significant Boeing and Airbus aircraft order backlog for scheduled deliveries, and our strong relationships with Boeing and Airbus, should enable us to continue to grow our profit from our core commercial aerostructures business.
Participation on High-Volume and Major Growth Platforms. We derive a high proportion of our Boeing revenues from the high-volume B737 program and a high proportion of our Airbus revenues from the high-volume A320 program. Boeing's backlog consists of approximately 4,400 B737s (more than eight years of backlog at current build rates), including the 737 MAX orders,
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and Airbus' backlog consists of approximately 5,500 aircraft in the A320 family (more than ten years of backlog at current build rates), including A320 NEO orders. The B737 and A320 families are Boeing's and Airbus' best-selling commercial airplanes, respectively. We have also been awarded a significant amount of work on major twin-aisle programs, the B777, B787 and A350 XWB.
Stable Base Business. We have entered into long-term supply agreements with Boeing and Airbus, our two largest customers, making us the exclusive supplier for most of the products covered by these contracts. Our supply agreements with Boeing provide that we will continue to supply essentially all of the products we currently supply to Boeing for the life of the current aircraft programs, including commercial derivative models. The principal supply agreements we have entered into with Boeing make us Boeing's exclusive source for substantially all of the products covered by the agreements.
Under our supply agreements with Airbus, we supply most of our products for the life of the aircraft program, including commercial derivative models. For the A380 and A350 XWB, we have long-term requirements contracts with Airbus that cover a fixed number of units.
Strong Incumbent and Competitive Position. We have a strong incumbent position on the products we currently supply to Boeing and Airbus, forged by long-standing relationships and long-term supply agreements. Several members of our management team have a long history of working in the aerospace industry. We believe our management team possesses inherent knowledge of and relationships with Boeing and Airbus that may not be matched to a corresponding degree between other suppliers and these two OEMs.
We believe that OEMs incur significant costs to change aerostructures suppliers once contracts are awarded. Such changes after contract award require additional testing and certification, which may create production delays and significant costs for both the OEM and the new supplier. We also believe it would be cost prohibitive for other suppliers to duplicate our facilities and the thousands of major pieces of equipment that we own or operate. The combined insurable replacement value of all the buildings and equipment we own or operate is $6.9 billion, including $2.6 billion for buildings, $2.5 billion for equipment that we own and $1.8 billion for other equipment used in the operation of our business. The insurable values represent the estimated replacement cost of buildings and equipment used in our operations and covered by property insurance, and exceed the fair value of assets acquired as determined for financial reporting purposes. As a result, we believe that as long as we continue to meet our customers' requirements, the probability that they change suppliers on our current statement of work is quite low. Our incumbent position also provides us with a competitive advantage with respect to new business from our customers.
Industry-Leading Technology, Design Capabilities and Manufacturing Expertise. Spirit AeroSystems, independently, and previously as Boeing Wichita, has over 85 years of experience designing and manufacturing large-scale, complex aerostructures. We possess industry-leading engineering capabilities that include significant expertise in structural design, technology development, test, and regulatory certification (FAA and international civil aviation authorities). We specialize in the use of metallic and composite materials, conducting stress analyses to ensure structural integrity, systems engineering to ensure customer and regulatory requirements are clearly identified and managed, and acoustics technology.
Drawing on talent across the globe, Spirit AeroSystems is an industry leader in aerospace engineering. We possess knowledge and manufacturing know-how that customers depend on and that would be difficult for other suppliers to replicate. In addition to our engineering expertise, we have strong manufacturing and technological capabilities. Our manufacturing processes are highly automated, delivering efficiency and quality, and we have expertise in manufacturing aerostructures using both metallic and composite materials. We have strong technical expertise in bonding and metals fabrication, assembly, tooling and composite manufacturing, including the handling of all composite material grades and fabricating large-scale complex contour composites. We provide aftermarket support for the products we design and build.
We believe our technological, engineering and manufacturing capabilities separate us from many of our competitors and give us a significant competitive advantage to grow our business and increase our market share. The fact that we are one of the major external suppliers of forward fuselages for large commercial aircraft demonstrates our industry leadership. The forward fuselage is one of the most complex and technologically advanced aerostructures on a commercial aircraft because it must satisfy the aircraft's contour requirements; balance strength, aerodynamics and weight; and house the cockpit and avionics.
Competitive and Predictable Labor Cost Structure. Our labor contracts provide for established wage levels that are aligned with the local market and a limited number of job categories, resulting in greater flexibility in work assignment programs and increased productivity. We have successfully negotiated long-term labor agreements with each of the five unions representing factory and office workers in our U.S. locations. As a result, we expect our labor costs to be stable and predictable through 2020.
Experienced Management Team. We have an experienced and proven management team with significant aerospace and defense industry experience. We continue to add new talent to our management team and realign our existing talent pool. Our management team has successfully expanded our business and established the stand-alone operations of our business, and is
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actively working to reduce costs. Many of our executives and senior managers have lengthy experience working with our primary customers, including Boeing and Airbus, which provides us with detailed insight into how we can better serve our customers.
Operating Segments
We operate in three principal segments: Fuselage Systems, Propulsion Systems and Wing Systems. Substantially all revenues in the three principal segments are from Boeing, with the exception of Wing Systems, which also includes significant revenues from Airbus. We serve customers in addition to Boeing and Airbus across our three principal segments; however, these customers currently do not represent a significant portion of our revenues, and are not expected to in the near future. All other activities fall within the All Other segment, principally made up of sundry sales of miscellaneous services, tooling contracts, and sales of natural gas through a tenancy-in-common with other companies that have operations in Wichita, Kansas.
The Fuselage Systems segment includes development, production and marketing of forward, mid and rear fuselage sections and systems, primarily to aircraft OEMs, as well as related spares and MRO. The Fuselage Systems segment manufactures products at our facilities in Wichita, Kansas; Kinston, North Carolina; and Saint-Nazaire, France.
The Propulsion Systems segment includes development, production and marketing of struts/pylons, nacelles (including thrust reversers) and related engine structural components primarily to aircraft or engine OEMs, as well as related spares and MRO services. The Propulsion Systems segment manufactures products at our facilities in Wichita and Chanute, Kansas.
The Wing Systems segment includes development, production and marketing of wings and wing components (including flight control surfaces) and other miscellaneous structural parts primarily to aircraft OEMs, as well as related spares and MRO services. These activities take place at the Company's facilities in Tulsa and McAlester, Oklahoma; Kinston, North Carolina; Prestwick, Scotland; and Subang, Malaysia.
Business Development
While Spirit’s core products include fuselages, pylons, nacelles and wing components, we also have expertise in design and advanced manufacturing, large scale skin fabrication and monolithic structures technology using both composites and traditional metals. We invest in new technology to bring the most advanced techniques, manufacturing and automation to our customers.
While we have an established business base through long-term contracts with Boeing and Airbus, we must maintain and expand our capacity to pursue new business. This new business focus will drive our ability to apply research and development, expand into new addressable markets and customers, and increase our name recognition while also maintaining a focus on our current customer base. We plan to expand our ability to research and analyze market and industry trends, competitor positioning and customers' strategies and growth objectives.
Customers
Our primary customers are aircraft OEMs. Boeing and Airbus are our two largest customers. We are the largest independent aerostructures supplier to Boeing and one of the largest independent suppliers to Airbus. We entered into long-term supply agreements with our customers to provide aerostructure products to aircraft programs.
We have established long-standing relationships with our customers due to our diverse product offerings, leading design and manufacturing capabilities using both metallic and composite materials, and competitive pricing.
Boeing. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, approximately 84% of our revenues were from sales to Boeing. 2015 marked Spirit’s 10th year anniversary of the company’s Acquisition from Boeing and establishment as a stand-alone business after a proud 75+ year history as a Boeing division. As part of the Boeing Acquisition, we entered into a long-term supply agreement under which we are Boeing's exclusive supplier for substantially all of the products and services provided by Boeing Wichita prior to the Boeing Acquisition for the life of the programs. In addition, Boeing selected us to be the design leader for the Boeing B787 forward fuselage based in part on our expertise with composite technologies.
We believe our relationship with Boeing will allow us to continue to be an integral partner with Boeing in the designing, engineering and manufacturing of complex aerostructures.
Airbus. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, approximately 11% of our revenues were from sales to Airbus. As a result of the BAE Acquisition, we became one of the largest independent aerostructures suppliers to Airbus, and we have expanded our relationship through new business wins since the BAE Acquisition. Under our supply agreement with Airbus for the A320, A330 and A340 families, we supply products for the life of the aircraft program. For the A350 XWB and A380 programs, we have long-term requirements contracts with Airbus. We believe we can leverage our relationship with Airbus and our history of delivering high-quality products to further increase our sales to Airbus and continue to partner with Airbus on new programs going forward.
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We are a significant supplier of the composite fuselage structure for the Airbus A350 XWB. To accommodate this and other work, we expanded our operations in 2011 with the opening of a manufacturing facility in Kinston, North Carolina and an assembly plant in Saint-Nazaire, France, which assembles the center fuselage sections it receives from the Kinston, North Carolina facility before transporting the completed assembled unit to Airbus. In addition, we have a contract with Airbus to design and manufacture a major wing structure for the A350 XWB program. Spirit Europe designs and assembles the wing fixed leading edge structure primarily at its facility in Prestwick, Scotland. The composite front spar is built at the facility in Kinston, North Carolina with sub-assemblies being manufactured at the Spirit AeroSystems Malaysia facility in Subang, Malaysia.
Although most of our revenues are obtained from sales inside the U.S., we generated $934.9 million, $830.9 million and $806.1 million in sales to international customers for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, primarily to Airbus.
The following chart illustrates the split between domestic and foreign revenues (dollars in millions):
| Year Ended December 31, 2015 | Year Ended December 31, 2014 | Year Ended December 31, 2013 |
| Revenue Source(1) | Net Revenues | Percent ofTotalNet Revenues | Net Revenues | Percent ofTotalNet Revenues | Net Revenues | Percent ofTotalNet Revenues |
| United States | $ | 5,709.0 | 86 | % | $ | 5,968.3 | 88 | % | $ | 5,154.9 | 87 | % |
| International |
| United Kingdom | 570.1 | 9 | % | 587.5 | 8 | % | 559.7 | 9 | % |
| Other | 364.8 | 5 | % | 243.4 | 4 | % | 246.4 | 4 | % |
| Total International | 934.9 | 14 | % | 830.9 | 12 | % | 806.1 | 13 | % |
| Total Revenues | $ | 6,643.9 | 100 | % | $ | 6,799.2 | 100 | % | $ | 5,961.0 | 100 | % |

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| (1) | Revenues are attributable to countries based on the destination where goods are delivered. |

The international revenue is included primarily in the Wing Systems segment. All other segment revenues are primarily from U.S. sales. Approximately 5% of our long-lived assets based on book value are located in the United Kingdom as part of Spirit Europe with approximately another 5% of our long-lived assets located in countries outside the United States and the United Kingdom.
Expected Backlog
As of December 31, 2015, our expected backlog associated with large commercial aircraft, business and regional jet, and military equipment deliveries through 2021, calculated based on contractual and historical product prices and expected delivery volumes, was approximately $46.9 billion. This is an increase of $300.0 million from our corresponding estimate as of the end of 2014 reflecting the fact that Airbus and Boeing new orders exceeded deliveries in 2015. Backlog is calculated based on the number of units Spirit is under contract to produce on our fixed quantity contracts, and Boeing and Airbus announced backlog on our supply agreements. The number of units may be subject to cancellation or delay by the customer prior to shipment, depending on contract terms. The level of unfilled orders at any given date during the year may be materially affected by the timing of our receipt of firm orders and additional airplane orders, and the speed with which those orders are filled. Accordingly, our expected backlog as of December 31, 2015 may not necessarily represent the actual amount of deliveries or sales for any future period.
Manufacturing and Engineering
Manufacturing
Our expertise is in designing, engineering and manufacturing large-scale, complex aerostructures. We maintain state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities in Wichita, Kansas; Chanute, Kansas; Tulsa, Oklahoma; McAlester, Oklahoma; Kinston, North Carolina; Prestwick, Scotland; Saint-Nazaire, France; and Subang, Malaysia.
Our core manufacturing competencies include:
| • | composites design and manufacturing processes; |

| • | leading mechanized and automated assembly and fastening techniques; |

| • | large-scale skin fabrication using both metallic and composite materials; |

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| • | chemical etching and metal bonding expertise; |

| • | monolithic structures technology; and |

| • | precision metal forming producing complex contoured shapes in sheet metal and extruded aluminum. |

Our manufacturing expertise is supported by our state-of-the-art equipment. We have thousands of major pieces of equipment installed in our customized manufacturing facilities. For example, for the manufacture of the B787 composite forward fuselage, we installed one of the largest autoclaves in the world. An autoclave is an enclosure device that generates controlled internal heat and pressure conditions used to cure and bond certain resins which is used in the manufacture of composite structures. We installed a comparable autoclave as well as other specialized machines in Kinston, North Carolina to support our work on the A350 XWB. We intend to continue to make the appropriate investments in our facilities to support and maintain our industry-leading manufacturing expertise.
Engineering
Spirit AeroSystems is an industry leader in aerospace engineering with access to talent across the globe. The purpose of the engineering organization is to provide continuous support for new and ongoing designs, technology innovation and development for customer advancements, and production-related process improvements. We possess a broad base of engineering skills for design, analysis, test, certification, tooling and support of major fuselage, wing and propulsion assemblies using both metallic and composite materials. In addition, our regulatory certification expertise helps ensure associated designs and design changes are compliant with applicable regulations.
Our industry-leading engineering capabilities are key strategic factors differentiating us from our competitors.
Research and Development
We believe that world-class research and development helps to maintain our position as an advanced partner to our OEM customers' new product development teams. As a result, we spend capital and financial resources on our research and development, including $27.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, $29.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, and $34.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. Through our research, we strive to develop unique intellectual property and technologies that will improve our OEM customers' products and, at the same time, position us to win work on new products. Our development effort primarily focuses on preparing for the initial production of new products and improving manufacturing processes on our current work. It also serves as an ongoing process that helps develop ways to reduce production costs and streamline manufacturing processes.
Our research and development is geared toward the architectural design of our principal products: fuselage systems, propulsion systems and wing systems. We are currently focused on research in areas such as advanced metallic joining, low-cost composites, acoustic attenuation, efficient structures, systems integration, advanced design and analysis methods, and new material systems. Other items that are expensed relate to research and development that is not funded by the customer. We collaborate with universities, research facilities and technology partners in our research and development.
Suppliers and Materials
The principal raw materials used in our manufacturing operations are aluminum, titanium, steel and carbon fiber. We also purchase metallic parts, non-metallic parts, and machined components. In addition, we procure subassemblies from various manufacturers which are used in the final aerostructure assembly. From time to time we also review our make versus buy strategy to determine whether it would be beneficial to us to outsource work which we currently produce in-house or vice versa.
We have longstanding relationships with thousands of manufacturing suppliers. Our strategy is to enter into long-term contracts with suppliers to secure competitive pricing. Our exposure to rising costs of raw material is limited to some extent through leveraging relationships with our OEM's high-volume contracts.
We continue to seek and develop sourcing opportunities from North America to Europe and Asia to achieve a competitive global cost structure. Over 25 countries are represented in our international network of suppliers.
Competition
Although we are one of the largest independent non-OEM aerostructures suppliers, based on annual revenues, with an estimated 21% share of the global non-OEM aerostructures market, this market remains highly competitive and fragmented. Our primary competition currently comes from either work performed by internal divisions of OEMs or other first-tier suppliers, and direct competition continues to grow.
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Our principal competitors among OEMs include Boeing, Airbus (including its wholly-owned subsidiaries Stelia Aerospace and Premium Aerotec GmbH), Embraer Brazilian Aviation Co., Alenia Aermacchi, and United Technologies Corporation. Our principal competitors among non-OEM aerostructures suppliers are Aernnova, Aircelle S.A., Fuji Heavy Industries, Ltd., GKN Aerospace, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Inc., Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Nordam, Sonaca, Triumph Group, Inc., Latecoere S.A., and Nexcelle.
Environmental Matters
Our operations and facilities are subject to various environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including federal, state, local and foreign government requirements, governing, among other matters, the emission, discharge, handling and disposal of regulated materials, the investigation and remediation of contaminated sites, and permits required in connection with our operations. Our operations are designed, maintained and operated to promote protection of human health and the environment. Although we believe that our operations and facilities are in material compliance with applicable environmental and worker protection laws and regulations, management cannot provide assurance that future changes in such laws or their enforcement, or the nature of our operations will not require us to make significant additional expenditures to ensure continued compliance. Further, we could incur substantial costs, including costs to reduce air emissions, clean-up costs, fines and sanctions, and third-party property damage or personal injury claims as a result of violations of or liabilities under environmental laws, relevant common law or the environmental permits required for our operations.
New regulations or more stringent enforcement of existing requirements could also result in additional compliance costs. For example, various governments have enacted or are considering enactment of laws to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other so-called greenhouse gases ("GHG"). In particular, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA") has promulgated new regulations that require certain of our facilities to report annual GHG emissions and may require new operating permits to be issued for those facilities. In the absence of a national price for carbon-based air pollutant emissions, new legislation from Congress, or information relative to additional regulation from the EPA, we are not in a position at this time to estimate the costs which may result from these or similar actions.
United States
Under some environmental laws in the United States, a current or previous owner or operator of a contaminated site may be held liable for the entire cost of investigation, removal or remediation of regulated materials at such property, whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such regulated materials. Persons who arrange for disposal or treatment of hazardous materials also may be liable for the costs of investigation, removal or remediation of those substances at a disposal or treatment site, regardless of whether the affected site is owned or operated by them. Because we own and/or operate a number of facilities that have a history of industrial or commercial use and because we arrange for the disposal of regulated materials at many disposal sites, we may and do incur costs for investigation, removal and remediation.
The Asset Purchase Agreement for the Boeing Acquisition, referred to herein as the "Asset Purchase Agreement", provides, with limited exceptions, that Boeing is responsible for environmental liabilities relating to conditions existing at the Wichita, Kansas and Tulsa and McAlester, Oklahoma facilities as of the Boeing Acquisition date. For example, Boeing is subject to an administrative consent order issued by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, or KDHE, to contain and clean up contaminated groundwater, which underlies a majority of the Wichita site. Pursuant to the KDHE order, Boeing has a long-term remediation plan in place, and containment and remediation efforts are underway. We are responsible for any environmental conditions that we cause at these facilities following the Boeing Acquisition.
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, remediation of contaminated land may be compelled by the government in certain situations. If a property is to be redeveloped, the local authority, in its planning role, may require remediation as a condition to issuing a permit. In addition, in situations in which the contamination is causing harm to human health or polluting the environment, the local authority may use its environmental legislative powers to force remediation so that the impacted areas are "suitable for use." If contamination is polluting the property of a third party or causing loss, injury or damage, the third party may file an action against the owner or operator of the source in common law based on negligence or nuisance to recover the value of the loss, injury or damage sustained.
Other International Sites
Our interests in other international sites are subject to foreign government environmental laws and regulations. It is our policy and practice to comply with all requirements, both domestic and international. We believe that our procedures are properly designed to prevent unreasonable risk of environmental damage and resulting financial liability in connection with our business.
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Employees
At December 31, 2015, we had approximately 15,200 employees; 13,700 located in our six U.S. facilities, 900 located in our two U.K. facilities, 500 located in our Malaysia facilities and 100 in our French facilities.
Our principal U.S. collective bargaining agreements were with the following unions as of December 31, 2015:
| Union | Percent of our U.S. Employees Represented | Status of the Agreements with Major Union |
| The International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM) | 56% | We have two major agreements; one expiring in June 2020 and one in December 2024. |
| The Society of Professional Engineering Employees in Aerospace (SPEEA) | 19% | We have two major agreements; one expiring in December 2018 and one in January 2021. |
| The International Union, Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America (UAW) | 11% | We have one major agreement expiring in November 2020. |
| The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) | 1% | We have one major agreement expiring in September 2020. |

Approximately 71% of our U.K. employees are represented by one union, Unite (Amicus Section). In 2013, the Company negotiated two separate ten-year pay agreements, with the Manual Staff bargaining and the Monthly Staff bargaining groups of the Unite union. These agreements fundamentally cover basic pay and variable at risk pay, while other employee terms and conditions generally remain the same from year to year until both parties agree to change them. The current pay agreements expire December 31, 2022.
None of our Malaysia or France employees are currently represented by a union.
We consider our relationships with our employees to be satisfactory.
Government Contracts
Companies engaged in supplying defense-related equipment and services to U.S. Government agencies, either directly or by subcontract, are subject to business risks specific to the defense industry. These risks include the ability of the U.S. Government to unilaterally: (1) suspend or debar us from receiving new prime contracts or subcontracts; (2) terminate existing contracts; (3) reduce the value of existing contracts; (4) audit our contract-related costs and fees, including allocated indirect costs; and (5) control and potentially prohibit the export of our products.
Most U.S. Government contracts for which we subcontract can be terminated by the U.S. Government either for its convenience or if the prime contractor defaults by failing to perform under the contract. In addition, the prime contractor typically has the right to terminate our subcontract for its convenience or if we default by failing to perform under the subcontract. Termination for convenience provisions generally provide only for our recovery of costs incurred or committed, settlement expenses and profit on the work completed prior to termination. Termination for default provisions generally provide for the subcontractor to be liable for excess costs incurred by the prime contractor in procuring undelivered items from another source.
In order to be eligible to perform on U.S. Government classified contracts, Spirit holds a facility security clearance ("FCL") at the "Secret" level. As a cleared entity, Spirit must comply with the requirements of the National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual ("NISPOM") and any other applicable U.S. Government industrial security regulations. Failure to follow the requirements of the NISPOM or any other applicable U.S. Government industrial security regulations could, among other things, result in termination of Spirit's FCL, which in turn would preclude us from being awarded classified contracts or, under certain circumstances, performing on our existing classified contracts.
A portion of our defense business is classified by the U.S. Government and cannot be specifically described. The operating results of these classified contracts are included in our consolidated financial statements. The business risks associated with classified contracts historically have not differed materially from those of our other U.S. Government contracts. Our internal controls addressing the financial reporting of classified contracts are consistent with our internal controls for our non-classified contracts.
Governmental Regulations
The commercial aircraft component industry is highly regulated by the Federal Aviation Administration, or FAA, in the United States, the Joint Aviation Authority, or JAA, in Europe and other agencies throughout the world. The military aircraft component
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industry is governed by military quality specifications. We, and the components we manufacture, are required to be certified by one or more of these entities or agencies, and, in some cases, by individual OEMs, to engineer and service parts and components used in specific aircraft models.
We must also satisfy the requirements of our customers, including OEMs and airlines that are subject to FAA regulations, and provide these customers with products and services that comply with the government regulations applicable to commercial flight operations. In addition, the FAA requires that various maintenance routines be performed on aircraft components. We believe that we currently satisfy or exceed these maintenance standards in our repair and overhaul services. We also maintain several FAA-approved repair stations.
The technical data and components used in the design and production of our products, as well as many of the products and technical data we export, either as individual items or as components incorporated into aircraft, are subject to compliance with U.S. export control laws. Collaborative agreements that we may have with foreign persons, including manufacturers or suppliers, are also subject to U.S. export control laws.
Our operations are also subject to a variety of worker and community safety laws. The Occupational Safety and Health Act, or OSHA, mandates general requirements for safe workplaces for all employees. In addition, OSHA provides special procedures and measures for the handling of certain hazardous and toxic substances. Our management believes that our operations are in material compliance with OSHA's health and safety requirements.
Available Information
Our Internet address is www.spiritaero.com. The content on our website is available for information purposes only. It should not be relied upon for investment purposes, nor is it incorporated by reference into this Annual Report.
We make available through our Internet website, under the heading "Investor Relations", our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Proxy Statements and amendments to those reports after we electronically file such materials with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Copies of our key corporate governance documents, including our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Code of Ethics and Business Conduct, Transactions with Related Persons Policy, Finance Code of Professional Conduct and charters for our Audit Committee, Risk Committee, Compensation Committee and Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee are also available on our website.
Our filed Annual and Quarterly Reports, Proxy Statement and other reports previously filed with the SEC are also available to the public through the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov. Materials we file with the SEC may also be read and copied at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
An investment in our securities involves risk and uncertainties. The risks and uncertainties set forth below are those that we currently believe may materially and adversely affect us, our future business or results of operations, or investments in our securities. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of or that we currently deem immaterial may also materially and adversely affect us, our future business or results of operations or investments in our securities.
Risk Factors Related to Our Business and Industry
Our commercial business is cyclical and sensitive to commercial airlines' profitability. The business of commercial airlines is, in turn, affected by global economic conditions and geo-political considerations.
We compete in the aerostructures segment of the aerospace industry. Our customers' business, and therefore our own, is directly affected by the financial condition of commercial airlines and other economic factors, including global economic conditions and geo-political considerations that affect the demand for air transportation. Specifically, our commercial business is dependent on the demand from passenger airlines and cargo carriers for the production of new aircraft. Accordingly, demand for our commercial products is tied to the worldwide airline industry's ability to finance the purchase of new aircraft and the industry's forecasted demand for seats, flights, routes and cargo capacity. Availability of financing to non-U.S. customers depends in part on the Export-Import Bank of the United States (the "Ex-Im Bank"). Following the expiration of the Ex-Im Bank's Charter on June 30, 2015, the Ex-Im Bank's charter was reauthorized in December 2015. The Ex-Im Bank is now authorized through September 30, 2019. However, until the U.S. Senate confirms members sufficient to reconstitute a quorum of the Ex-Im Bank's board of directors, it will not be able to approve any transaction totaling more than $10.0 million. Additionally, the size and age of the worldwide commercial aircraft fleet affects the demand for new aircraft and, consequently, for our products. Such factors, in conjunction with
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evolving economic conditions, cause the market in which we operate to be cyclical to varying degrees, thereby affecting our business and operating results.
The commercial airline industry is impacted by the strength of the global economy and the geopolitical events around the world. Possible exogenous shocks such as expanding conflicts or political unrest in the Middle East or Asia, renewed terrorist attacks against the industry, or pandemic health crises have the potential to cause precipitous declines in air traffic. Any protracted economic slump, adverse credit market conditions, future terrorist attacks, war or health concerns could cause airlines to cancel or delay the purchase of additional new aircraft which could result in a deterioration of commercial airplane backlogs. If demand for new aircraft decreases, there would likely be a decrease in demand for our commercial aircraft products, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Our business could be materially adversely affected if one of our components causes an aircraft accident.
Our operations expose us to potential liabilities for personal injury or death as a result of the failure of an aircraft component that has been designed, manufactured or serviced by us or our suppliers. While we believe that our liability insurance coverage is sufficient to protect us in the event of future product liability claims, it may not be adequate. Also, we may not be able to maintain insurance coverage in the future at an acceptable cost. Any such liability not covered by insurance or for which third-party indemnification is not available could require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows to make payments on such liability, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
An accident caused by one of our components could also damage our reputation for quality products. We believe our customers consider safety and reliability as key criteria in selecting a provider of aerostructures. If an accident were to be caused by one of our components, or if we were to otherwise fail to maintain a satisfactory record of safety and reliability, our ability to retain and attract customers could be materially adversely affected.
Our business could be materially adversely affected by product warranty obligations.
Our operations expose us to potential liability for warranty claims made by customers or third parties with respect to aircraft components that have been designed, manufactured, or serviced by us or our suppliers. Material product warranty obligations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Because we depend on Boeing and, to a lesser extent, Airbus, as our largest customers, our sales, cash flows from operations and results of operations will be negatively affected if either Boeing or Airbus reduces the number of products it purchases from us or if either experiences business difficulties or breaches its obligations to us.
Currently, Boeing is our largest customer and Airbus is our second-largest customer. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, approximately 84% and 11% of our net revenues were generated from sales to Boeing and Airbus, respectively. Although our strategy, in part, is to diversify our customer base by entering into supply arrangements with additional customers, we cannot give any assurance that we will be successful in doing so. Even if we are successful in obtaining and retaining new customers, we expect that Boeing and, to a lesser extent, Airbus, will continue to account for a substantial portion of our sales for the foreseeable future. Although we are a party to various supply contracts with Boeing and Airbus which obligate Boeing and Airbus to purchase all of their requirements for certain products from us, those agreements generally do not require specific minimum purchase volumes. In addition, if we breach certain obligations under these supply agreements and Boeing or Airbus exercises its right to terminate such agreements, our business will be materially adversely affected. Further, if we are unable to perform our obligations under these supply agreements to the customer's satisfaction, Boeing or Airbus could seek damages from us, which could materially adversely affect our business. Boeing and Airbus also have the contractual right to cancel their supply agreements with us for convenience, which could include the termination of one or more aircraft models or programs for which we supply products. Although Boeing and Airbus would be required to reimburse us for certain expenses, there can be no assurance these payments would adequately cover our expenses or lost profits resulting from the termination. In addition, we have agreed to a limitation on recoverable damages if Boeing wrongfully terminates our main supply agreement with respect to any model or program. If this occurs, we may not be able to recover the full amount of our actual damages. Furthermore, if Boeing or Airbus (1) experiences a decrease in requirements for the products which we supply to it; (2) experiences a major disruption in its business, such as a strike, work stoppage or slowdown, a supply-chain problem or a decrease in orders from its customers; (3) files for bankruptcy protection; or (4) fails to perform its contractual obligations under its agreements with us; our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Our largest customer, Boeing, operates in a very competitive business environment.
Boeing operates in a highly competitive industry. Competition from Airbus, Boeing's main competitor, as well as from regional jet makers and other foreign manufacturers of commercial single-aisle aircraft, has intensified as these competitors expand aircraft model offerings and competitively price their products. As a result of this competitive environment, Boeing continues to face pressure on product offerings and sale prices. While we do have supply agreements with Airbus, we currently have substantially
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more business with Boeing and thus any adverse effect on Boeing's production of aircraft resulting from this competitive environment may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our business depends, in large part, on sales of components for a single aircraft program, the B737.
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, approximately 48% of our net revenues were generated from sales of components to Boeing for the B737 aircraft. While we have entered into long-term supply agreements with Boeing to continue to provide components for the B737 for the life of the aircraft program, including commercial and the military P-8 derivatives, Boeing does not have any obligation to purchase components from us for any replacement for the B737 that is not a commercial derivative model. If we were unable to obtain significant aerostructures supply business for any B737 replacement program, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Our business depends, in part, on securing work for replacement programs.
While we have entered into long-term supply agreements with Boeing to provide components for the B737, B747, B767 and B777 and their commercial derivatives for the life of these aircraft programs, Boeing does not have any obligation to purchase components from us for any subsequent variant of these aircraft that is not a commercial derivative as defined by the Supply Agreement. Boeing has publicly announced its intention to update the B777 with a next-generation twin-engine aircraft program currently named the Boeing 777X. If the changes to the aircraft are later deemed significant enough to disqualify it as a commercial derivative of the B777 under the Supply Agreement, or Boeing successfully establishes it is not capable of being FAA certificated by amendment to an existing Type Certification through addition of a new minor model or by a Supplemental Type Certificate, there is a risk that we may not be engaged by Boeing on the 777X to generally the same extent of Spirit’s involvement in the B777, or at all. If we are unable to obtain significant aerostructures supply business for any update or replacement program for the B777 or any other aircraft program for which we provide significant content, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
We may be required to repay Boeing up to approximately $515.7 million of advance payments related to the B787 Supply Agreement. The advances must be repaid in the event that Boeing does not take delivery of a sufficient number of shipsets prior to the termination of the aircraft program.
Boeing has made advance payments to Spirit under the B787 Supply Agreement, which advance payments are required to be repaid to Boeing by way of offset against the purchase price for future shipset deliveries. Advance repayments were scheduled to be spread evenly over the remainder of the first 1,000 B787 shipsets delivered to Boeing, except that advance repayments were suspended from April 1, 2014 through March 31, 2015 and any repayments that otherwise would have become due during such 12-month period will be made by offset against the purchase price for shipset 1,001 through 1,120.
In the event Boeing does not take delivery of a sufficient number of shipsets to repay the full amount of advances prior to the termination of the B787 program or the B787 Supply Agreement, any advances not then repaid will be applied against any outstanding payments then due by Boeing to us, and any remaining balance will be repaid in annual installments of $42.0 million on December 15th of each year until the advance payments have been fully recovered by Boeing.
Accordingly, portions of the advance repayment liability are included as current and long-term liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2015, the amount of advance payments received by us from Boeing under the B787 Supply Agreement and not yet repaid was approximately $515.7 million.
We may be required to repay Airbus up to approximately $170.0 million of advance payments. The advances must be repaid in the event that Airbus does not take delivery of a sufficient number of shipsets prior to the date set out in the advance agreement.
In February 2012, Spirit and Airbus entered into an agreement whereby Spirit received a series of payments totaling $250.0 million, which were recorded as advance payments within our consolidated balance sheet.
The agreement provides for repayment of the $250.0 million in cash advances made by Airbus to be offset against the purchase price of the first 200 Section 15 A350 XWB shipsets delivered to Airbus prior to December 31, 2017. If in the course of 2016, Airbus, in its reasonable opinion, anticipates 200 units will not be ordered and paid for by the end of 2017, both Airbus and Spirit will agree on a revised repayment amount to ensure the entire advance is repaid prior to December 31, 2017. In no circumstance would the repayment amount exceed the recurring price of each shipset.
Portions of the advance repayment liability are included as current and long-term liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2015, the amount of advance payments received by us from Airbus under the advance agreement and not yet repaid was approximately $170.0 million.
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The profitability of certain of our new and maturing programs depends significantly on the assumptions surrounding satisfactory settlement of claims and assertions.
For certain of our new and maturing programs, we regularly commence work or incorporate customer requested changes prior to negotiating pricing terms for engineering work or the product which has been modified. We typically have the legal right to negotiate pricing for customer directed changes. In those cases, we assert to our customers our contractual rights to obtain the additional revenue or cost reimbursement we expect to receive upon finalizing pricing terms. An expected recovery value of these assertions is incorporated into our contract profitability estimates when applying contract accounting. Our inability to recover these expected values, among other factors, could result in the recognition of a forward loss on these programs and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
We face risks as we work to successfully execute on new or maturing programs.
New or maturing programs with new technologies typically carry risks associated with design responsibility, development of new production tools, hiring and training of qualified personnel, increased capital and funding commitments, ability to meet customer specifications, delivery schedules and unique contractual requirements, supplier performance, ability of the customer to meet its contractual obligations to us, and our ability to accurately estimate costs associated with such programs. In addition, any new or maturing aircraft program may not generate sufficient demand or may experience technological problems or significant delays in the regulatory certification or manufacturing and delivery schedule. If we were unable to perform our obligations under new or maturing programs to the customer's satisfaction or manufacture products at our estimated costs, if we were to experience unexpected fluctuations in raw material prices or supplier problems leading to cost overruns, if we were unable to successfully perform under revised design and manufacturing plans or successfully resolve claims and assertions, or if a new or maturing program in which we had made a significant investment was terminated or experienced weak demand, delays or technological problems, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. Some of these risks have affected our maturing programs to the extent that we have recorded significant forward losses and maintain certain of our maturing programs at zero or low margins due to our inability to overcome the effects of these risks. We continue to face similar risks as well as the potential for default, quality problems, or inability to meet weight requirements and these could result in continued zero or low margins or additional forward losses, and the risk of having to write-off additional inventory if it were deemed to be unrecoverable over the life of the program. In addition, beginning new work on existing programs also carries risks associated with the transfer of technology, knowledge and tooling.
In order to perform on new or maturing programs we may be required to construct or acquire new facilities requiring additional up-front investment costs. In the case of significant program delays and/or program cancellations, we could be required to bear certain unrecoverable construction and maintenance costs and incur potential impairment charges for the new facilities. Also, we may need to expend additional resources to determine an alternate revenue-generating use for the facilities. Likewise, significant delays in the construction or acquisition of a plant site could impact production schedules.
We use estimates in accounting for revenue and cost for our contract blocks. Changes in our estimates could adversely affect our future financial performance.
The Company recognizes revenue under the contract method of accounting and estimates revenue and cost for contract blocks that span a period of multiple years. The contract method of accounting requires judgment on a number of underlying assumptions to develop our estimates. Due to the significant length of time over which revenue streams are generated, the variability of future period estimated revenue and cost may be adversely affected if circumstances or underlying assumptions change. For additional information on our accounting policies for recognizing revenue and profit, please see our discussion under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis - Critical Accounting Policies” in this Form 10-K.
Additionally, variability of future period estimated revenue and cost may result in recording additional valuation allowances against future deferred tax assets, which could adversely affect our future financial performance.
Our operations depend on our ability to maintain continuing, uninterrupted production at our manufacturing facilities. Our production facilities are subject to physical and other risks that could disrupt production.
Our manufacturing facilities could be damaged or disrupted by a natural disaster, war, terrorist activity, interruption of utilities or sustained mechanical failure. Although we have obtained property damage and business interruption insurance, a major catastrophe, such as a fire, flood, tornado or other natural disaster at any of our sites, war or terrorist activities in any of the areas where we conduct operations or the sustained mechanical failure of a key piece of equipment could result in a prolonged interruption of all or a substantial portion of our business. Any disruption resulting from these events could cause significant delays in shipments of products and the loss of sales and customers and we may not have insurance to adequately compensate us for any of these events. A large portion of our operations takes place at one facility in Wichita, Kansas and any significant damage or disruption to this facility in particular would materially adversely affect our ability to service our customers.
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The completed divestiture of a portion of our Tulsa site could disrupt our business and present risks not contemplated at the time of the divestiture.
As previously announced, in December 2014 we divested our Gulfstream G280 and G650 wing programs, which we produced at our Tulsa facility, to a subsidiary of Triumph Group, Inc. We continue to produce work on other programs, including the B787 wing program, at this facility, and prior to the divestiture, we utilized certain resources for both the programs we sold and the programs we retained. In addition, as part of the divestiture, we have obligations to provide transition services to the buyer. As a result, our business is subject to certain potential risks relating to the divestiture, including:
| • | diversion of resources from the operation of the retained business in order to provide transition services to the buyer; |

| • | loss of key employees; |

| • | difficulties in the separation of operations, services, products and personnel; and |

| • | damage to our existing customer, supplier and other business relationships. |

Furthermore, we actively consider other divestitures from time to time. If we decide to pursue any other divestiture, it may involve numerous potential risks, including those described above and the following:
| • | diversion of resources and management’s attention from the operation of our business; |

| • | negative effects on our reported results of operations from disposition-related charges, amortization expenses related to intangibles and/or charges for impairment of long-term assets; |

| • | the need to agree to retain or assume certain current or future liabilities in order to complete the divestiture; and |

| • | the expenditure of substantial legal and other fees, which may be incurred whether or not a transaction is consummated. |

As a result of the aforementioned risks, among others, the pursuit of any divestiture may not lead to increased stockholder value.
Future commitments to our customers to increase production rates depend on our ability to expand production at our manufacturing facilities.
Boeing and Airbus, our two largest customers, have both announced planned production rate increases for several of their major programs. In some cases, in order to meet these increases in production rates, we will need to make significant capital expenditures to expand our capacity and improve our performance or find alternative solutions such as outsourcing some of our existing work to free up additional capacity. While some of these expenditures will be reimbursed by our customers, we could be required to bear a significant portion of the costs. In addition, the increases in production rates could cause disruptions in our manufacturing lines, which could materially adversely impact our ability to meet our commitments to our customers, and have a resulting adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We operate in a very competitive business environment.
Competition in the aerostructures segment of the aerospace industry is intense. Although we have entered into supply agreements with Boeing and Airbus under which we are their exclusive supplier for certain aircraft parts, we will face substantial competition from both OEMs and non-OEM aerostructures suppliers in trying to expand our customer base and the types of parts we make.
OEMs may choose not to outsource production of aerostructures due to, among other things, their own direct labor and other overhead considerations and capacity utilization at their own facilities. Consequently, traditional factors affecting competition, such as price and quality of service, may not be significant determinants when OEMs decide whether to produce a part in-house or to outsource.
Our principal competitors among non-OEM aerostructures suppliers are Aernnova Aircelle S.A., Fuji Heavy Industries, Ltd., GKN Aerospace, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Inc., Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Nordam, Sonaca, Triumph Group, Inc., Latecoere S.A., and Nexcelle. Some of our competitors have greater resources than we do and, therefore, may be able to adapt more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements, or devote greater resources to the promotion and sale of their products than we can. Providers of aerostructures have traditionally competed on the basis of cost, technology, quality and service. We believe that developing and maintaining a competitive advantage will require continued investment in product development, engineering, supply-chain management and sales and marketing, and we may not have enough resources to make such investments. For these reasons, we may not be able to compete successfully in this market or against our competitors, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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High switching costs may substantially limit our ability to obtain business that is currently under contract with other suppliers.
Once a contract is awarded by an OEM to an aerostructures supplier, the OEM and the supplier are typically required to spend significant amounts of time and capital on design, manufacture, testing and certification of tooling and other equipment. For an OEM to change suppliers during the life of an aircraft program, further testing and certification would be necessary, and the OEM would be required either to move the tooling and equipment used by the existing supplier for performance under the existing contract, which may be expensive and difficult (or impossible), or to manufacture new tooling and equipment. Accordingly, any change of suppliers would likely result in production delays and additional costs to both the OEM and the new supplier. These high switching costs may make it more difficult for us to bid competitively against existing suppliers and less likely that an OEM will be willing to switch suppliers during the life of an aircraft program, which could materially adversely affect our ability to obtain new work on existing aircraft programs.
Increases in labor costs, potential labor disputes and work stoppages at our facilities or the facilities of our suppliers or customers could materially adversely affect our financial performance.
Our financial performance is affected by the availability of qualified personnel and the cost of labor. A majority of our workforce is represented by unions. If our workers were to engage in a strike, work stoppage or other slowdown, we could experience a significant disruption of our operations, which could cause us to be unable to deliver products to our customers on a timely basis and could result in a breach of our supply agreements. This could result in a loss of business and an increase in our operating expenses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our non-unionized labor force may become subject to labor union organizing efforts, which could cause us to incur additional labor costs and increase the related risks that we now face.
We have certain commitments to keep major programs in Wichita, Kansas until 2020 in certain circumstances. This may prevent us from being able to offer our products at prices that are competitive in the marketplace and could have a material adverse effect on our ability to generate new business.
In addition, many aircraft manufacturers, airlines and aerospace suppliers have unionized work forces. Any strikes, work stoppages or slowdowns experienced by aircraft manufacturers, airlines or aerospace suppliers could reduce our customers' demand for additional aircraft structures or prevent us from completing production of our aircraft structures.
Our business may be materially adversely affected if we lose our government, regulatory or industry approvals, if more stringent government regulations are enacted, or if industry oversight is increased.
The FAA prescribes standards and qualification requirements for aerostructures, including virtually all commercial airline and general aviation products, and licenses component repair stations within the United States. Comparable agencies, such as the JAA in Europe, regulate these matters in other countries. If we fail to qualify for or obtain a required license for one of our products or services or lose a qualification or license previously granted, the sale of the subject product or service would be prohibited by law until such license is obtained or renewed and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In addition, designing new products to meet existing regulatory requirements and retrofitting installed products to comply with new regulatory requirements can be expensive and time consuming.
From time to time, the FAA, the JAA or comparable agencies propose new regulations or changes to existing regulations. These changes or new regulations generally increase the costs of compliance. To the extent the FAA, the JAA or comparable agencies implement regulatory changes, we may incur significant additional costs to achieve compliance.
In addition, certain aircraft repair activities we intend to engage in may require the approval of the aircraft's OEM. Our inability to obtain OEM approval could materially restrict our ability to perform such aircraft repair activities.
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Our business is subject to regulation in the United States and internationally.
The manufacturing of our products is subject to numerous federal, state and foreign governmental regulations. The number of laws and regulations that are being enacted or proposed by state, federal and international governments and authorities are increasing. Compliance with these regulations is difficult and expensive. If we fail to adhere, or are alleged to have failed to adhere, to any applicable federal, state or foreign laws or regulations, or if such laws or regulations negatively affect sales of our products, our business, prospects, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows may be adversely affected. In addition, our future results could be adversely affected by changes in applicable federal, state and foreign laws and regulations, or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, including those relating to manufacturing processes, product liability, government contracts, trade rules and customs regulations, intellectual property, consumer laws, privacy laws, as well as accounting standards and taxation requirements (including tax-rate changes, new tax laws and revised tax law interpretations).
We are subject to regulation of our technical data and goods under U.S. export control laws.
As a manufacturer and exporter of defense and dual-use technical data and commodities, we are subject to U.S. laws and regulations governing international trade and exports, including, but not limited to, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations, administered by the U.S. Department of State, and the Export Administration Regulations, administered by the U.S. Department of Commerce. Collaborative agreements that we may have with foreign persons, including manufacturers and suppliers, are also subject to U.S. export control laws. In addition, we are subject to trade sanctions against embargoed countries, administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control within the U.S. Department of the Treasury.
A determination that we have failed to comply with one or more of these export controls or trade sanctions could result in civil or criminal penalties, including the imposition of fines upon us as well as the denial of export privileges and debarment from participation in U.S. government contracts. Additionally, restrictions may be placed on the export of technical data and goods in the future as a result of changing geopolitical conditions. Any one or more of such sanctions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to environmental, health and safety regulations and our ongoing operations may expose us to related liabilities.
Our operations are subject to extensive regulation under environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in the United States and other countries in which we operate. We may be subject to potentially significant fines or penalties, including criminal sanctions, if we fail to comply with these requirements. We have made, and will continue to make, significant capital and other expenditures to comply with these laws and regulations. We cannot predict with certainty what environmental legislation will be enacted in the future or how existing laws will be administered or interpreted. Our operations involve the use of large amounts of hazardous substances and regulated materials and generate many types of wastes, including emissions of hexavalent chromium and volatile organic compounds, and so-called greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. Spills and releases of these materials may subject us to clean-up liability for remediation and claims of alleged personal injury, property damage and damage to natural resources, and we may become obligated to reduce our emissions of hexavalent chromium, volatile organic compounds and/or greenhouse gases. We cannot give any assurance that the aggregate amount of future remediation costs and other environmental liabilities will not be material.
Boeing, our predecessor at the Wichita facility, is under an administrative consent order issued by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment to contain and remediate contaminated groundwater, which underlies a majority of our Wichita facility. Pursuant to this order and its agreements with us, Boeing has a long-term remediation plan in place, and treatment, containment and remediation efforts are underway. If Boeing does not comply with its obligations under the order and these agreements, we may be required to undertake such efforts and make material expenditures.
In connection with the BAE Acquisition, we acquired a manufacturing facility in Prestwick, Scotland that is adjacent to contaminated property retained by BAE Systems. The contaminated property may be subject to a regulatory action requiring remediation of the land. It is also possible that the contamination may spread into the property we acquired. BAE Systems has agreed to indemnify us, subject to certain contractual limitations and conditions, for certain clean-up costs and other losses, liabilities, expenses and claims related to existing pollution on the acquired property, existing pollution that migrates from the acquired property to a third party's property and any pollution that migrates to our property from property retained by BAE Systems. If BAE Systems does not comply with its obligations under the BAE Acquisition agreement, we may be required to undertake such efforts and make material expenditures.
In the future, contamination may be discovered at or emanating from our facilities or at off-site locations where we send waste. The remediation of such newly discovered contamination, related claims for personal injury or damages, or the enactment of new laws or a stricter interpretation of existing laws, may require us to make additional expenditures, some of which could be material. See "Business — Environmental Matters".
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We are required to comply with"conflict minerals" rules promulgated by the SEC, which impose costs on us, may make our supply chain more complex, and could adversely impact our business.
As required under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the SEC has adopted rules regarding certain minerals and metals, known as conflict minerals, originating from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and adjoining countries. These rules include annual due diligence, disclosure and reporting requirements for those companies that manufacture or contract to manufacture products that contain such conflict minerals. We have, and expect to continue to, incur additional costs and expenses, which may be significant, in order to comply with these rules, including for due diligence to determine whether conflict minerals are necessary to the functionality or production of any of our products and, if so, to verify the sources of such conflict minerals; and to implement any changes we deem necessary to our products, processes, or sources of supply as a result of such diligence and verification activities. Compliance with these rules could adversely affect the sourcing, supply and pricing of materials used in certain of our products. As there may be only a limited number of suppliers offering conflict minerals from sources outside of the DRC or adjoining countries, or that have been independently verified as not funding armed conflict in those countries, we cannot assure that we will be able to obtain such verified minerals from such suppliers in sufficient quantities or at competitive prices. Since our supply chain is complex, we may not ultimately be able to sufficiently verify the origin of the conflict minerals used in our products through the due diligence procedures that we implement, which may adversely affect our reputation with our customers, shareholders, and other stakeholders. In such event, we may also face difficulties in satisfying customers who require that all of the components in our products be certified as “conflict free.” If we are not able to meet such requirements, customers may choose to disqualify us as a supplier, which may require us to write off inventory that cannot be sold. Any one or a combination of these factors could harm our business, reduce market demand for our products, and adversely affect our profit margins, net sales, and overall financial results. We may face similar risks in connection with any other regulations focusing on social responsibility or ethical sourcing that may be adopted in the future.
Significant consolidation in the aerospace industry could make it difficult for us to obtain new business.
Suppliers in the aerospace industry have consolidated and formed alliances to broaden their product and integrated system offerings and achieve critical mass. This supplier consolidation is in part attributable to aircraft manufacturers more frequently awarding long-term sole-source or preferred supplier contracts to the most capable suppliers, thus reducing the total number of suppliers. If this consolidation were to continue, it may become more difficult for us to be successful in obtaining new customers.
We may be materially adversely affected by high fuel prices.
Due to the competitive nature of the airline industry, airlines are often unable to pass on increased fuel prices to customers by increasing fares. Fluctuations in the global supply of crude oil and the possibility of changes in government policy on jet fuel production, transportation and marketing make it difficult to predict the future availability of jet fuel. In the event there is an outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other conflicts, or significant disruptions in oil production or delivery in oil-producing areas or elsewhere, there could be reductions in the production or importation of crude oil and significant increases in the cost of fuel. If there were major reductions in the availability of jet fuel or significant increases in its cost, the airline industry and, as a result, our business, could be materially adversely affected.
Interruptions in deliveries of components or raw materials, or increased prices for components or raw materials used in our products could delay production and/or materially adversely affect our financial performance, profitability, margins and revenues.
We are highly dependent on the availability of essential materials and purchased components from our suppliers, some of which are available only from a sole source or limited sources. Our dependency upon regular deliveries from particular suppliers of components and raw materials means that interruptions or stoppages in such deliveries could materially adversely affect our operations until arrangements with alternate suppliers, to the extent alternate suppliers exist, could be made. If any of our suppliers were unable or were to refuse to deliver materials to us for an extended period of time, or if we were unable to negotiate acceptable terms for the supply of materials with these or alternative suppliers, our business could suffer.
Moreover, we are dependent upon the ability of our suppliers to provide materials and components that meet specifications, quality standards and delivery schedules. Our suppliers' failure to provide expected raw materials or component parts that meet our technical specifications could adversely affect production schedules and contract profitability. We may not be able to find acceptable alternatives, and any such alternatives could result in increased costs for us and possible forward losses on certain contracts. Even if acceptable alternatives are found, the process of locating and securing such alternatives might be disruptive to our business and might lead to termination of our supply agreements with our customers.
Our continued supply of materials is subject to a number of risks including:
| • | the destruction of or damage to our suppliers' facilities or their distribution infrastructure; |

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| • | a work stoppage or strike by our suppliers' employees; |

| • | the failure of our suppliers to provide materials of the requisite quality or in compliance with specifications; |

| • | the failure of essential equipment at our suppliers' plants; |

| • | the failure of our suppliers to satisfy U.S. and international import and export control laws for goods that we purchase from such suppliers; |

| • | the failure of our suppliers to meet regulatory standards; |

| • | the failure, shortage or delay in the delivery of raw materials to our suppliers; |

| • | contractual amendments and disputes with our suppliers; and |

| • | inability of our suppliers to perform as a result of the weakened global economy or otherwise. |

In addition, our profitability is affected by the prices of the components and raw materials, such as titanium, aluminum and carbon fiber, used in the manufacturing of our products. These prices may fluctuate based on a number of factors beyond our control, including world oil prices, changes in supply and demand, general economic conditions, labor costs, competition, import duties, tariffs, currency exchange rates and, in some cases, government regulation. Although our supply agreements with Boeing and Airbus allow us to pass on to our customers certain unusual increases in component and raw material costs in limited situations, we may not be fully compensated by the customers for the entirety of any such increased costs.
In order to be successful, we must attract, retain, train, motivate, develop and transition key employees, and failure to do so could harm our business.
In order to be successful, we must attract, retain, train, motivate, develop and transition qualified executives and other key employees, including those in managerial, manufacturing and engineering positions. Identifying, developing internally or hiring externally, training and retaining qualified executives and engineers are critical to our future, and competition for experienced employees in the aerospace industry, and in particular in Wichita, Kansas where the majority of our manufacturing and executive offices are located, can be intense. In order to attract and retain executives and other key employees in a competitive marketplace, we must provide a competitive compensation package, including cash- and share-based compensation. Our share-based incentive awards consist primarily of restricted stock grants, some of which are conditioned on our achievement of certain designated financial performance and stock price performance targets, which makes the size of a particular year's award uncertain. If employees do not receive share-based incentive awards with a value they anticipate, if our share-based compensation otherwise ceases to be viewed as a valuable benefit, if our total compensation package is not viewed as being competitive, or if we do not obtain the shareholder approval needed to continue granting share-based incentive awards in the amounts we believe are necessary, our ability to attract, retain, and motivate executives and key employees could be weakened. The failure to successfully hire executives and key employees or the loss of any executives and key employees could have a significant impact on our operations. Further, changes in our management team may be disruptive to our business and any failure to successfully transition and assimilate key new hires or promoted employees could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We are subject to the requirements of the National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual ("NISPOM") for our Facility Security Clearance ("FCL"), which is a prerequisite for our ability to perform on classified contracts for the U.S. Government.
A Department of Defense ("DOD") FCL is required for a company to be awarded and perform on classified contracts for the DOD and certain other agencies of the U.S. Government. From time to time we have performed and may perform on classified contracts, although we did not generate any material revenues from classified contracts for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015. We have obtained a FCL at the "Secret" level. If we were to violate the terms and requirements of the NISPOM or any other applicable U.S. Government industrial security regulations, we could lose our FCL. We cannot give any assurance that we will be able to maintain our FCL. If for some reason our FCL is invalidated or terminated, we may not be able to continue to perform under our classified contracts in effect at that time, and we would not be able to enter into new classified contracts, which could adversely affect our revenues.
We derive a significant portion of our net revenues from direct and indirect sales outside the United States and are subject to the risks of doing business in foreign countries.
We derive a significant portion of our revenues from sales by Boeing and Airbus to customers outside the United States. In addition, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, direct sales to our non-U.S. customers accounted for approximately 14% of our net revenues. We expect that our and our customers' international sales will continue to account for a significant portion of our net revenues for the foreseeable future. As a result, we are subject to risks of doing business internationally, including:
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| • | changes in regulatory requirements; |

| • | domestic and foreign government policies, including requirements to expend a portion of program funds locally and governmental industrial cooperation requirements; |

| • | fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; |

| • | the complexity and necessity of using foreign representatives and consultants; |

| • | uncertainties and restrictions concerning the availability of funding credit or guarantees; |

| • | imposition of tariffs and embargos, export controls and other trade restrictions; |

| • | the difficulty of management and operation of an enterprise spread over various countries; |

| • | compliance with a variety of foreign laws, as well as U.S. laws affecting the activities of U.S. companies abroad, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act and other applicable anti-bribery laws; and |

| • | economic and geopolitical developments and conditions, including international hostilities, acts of terrorism and governmental reactions, inflation, trade relationships and military and political alliances. |

While these factors and the effect of these factors are difficult to predict, adverse developments in one or more of these areas could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations in the future.
Our fixed-price contracts and requirements to re-negotiate pricing at specified times may commit us to unfavorable terms.
We provide most of our products and services through long-term contracts in which the pricing terms are fixed based on certain production volumes. Accordingly, there is the risk that we will not be able to sustain a cost structure that is consistent with assumptions used in bidding on contracts. Increased or unexpected costs may reduce our profit margins or cause us to sustain losses on these contracts. Other than certain increases in raw material costs which can be passed on to our customers, in most instances we must fully absorb cost overruns, notwithstanding the difficulty of estimating all of the costs we will incur in performing these contracts and in projecting the ultimate level of sales that we may achieve. Our failure to anticipate technical problems, estimate delivery reductions, estimate costs accurately or control costs during performance of a fixed-price contract may reduce the profitability of a contract or cause a loss.
This risk particularly applies to products such as the Boeing B787, for which we had delivered four hundred and eight production articles as of December 31, 2015 since the inception of the program, and in respect of which our performance at the contracted price depends on our being able to achieve production cost reductions as we gain production experience (although Spirit can recoup from Boeing half of any overruns within a certain percentage of shipset prices). When we initially negotiated the B787-8 pricing, we assumed that a contractually mandated joint-effort by Boeing and Spirit to reduce costs and increase production efficiency, as well as favorable trends in volume, learning curve efficiencies and future pricing from suppliers would reduce our production costs over the life of the B787 program, thus maintaining or improving the margin on each B787 we produced. Pricing for the initial configuration of the B787-8 is generally established through 2021, with prices decreasing as cumulative volume levels are achieved. Prices are subject to adjustment for abnormal inflation (above a specified level in any year) and for certain production, schedule and other specific changes. The B787 Supply Agreement provides that initial prices for the B787-9 and B787-10 are to be determined by a procedure set out in the B787 Supply Agreement, and to be documented by amendment once that amendment has been agreed to by the parties. As part of the November 2014 MOA, Boeing and Spirit established interim prices for certain B787 shipsets, and the parties agreed to negotiate future rate increases, recurring prices, and other issues across multiple programs during 2015. Since we were unable to reach agreement with Boeing on these issues by the end of 2015, once the parties agree upon appropriate pricing for the B787-9, Boeing will be entitled to a retroactive adjustment on certain B787 payments which were based on the interim pricing. The amount we received that is subject to a retroactive adjustment was recorded as deferred revenue, and was never recognized by us as revenue. The parties have engaged in discussions concerning how to determine subsequent B787-9 and initial B787-10 prices, and have not yet reached agreement. Our ability to obtain fair and equitable prices for deliveries and models could impact the profitability of the overall program. Additionally, we cannot give any assurance that our development of new technologies or capabilities will be successful or that we will be able to reduce our B787 production costs over the life of the program. A failure to reduce production costs or to obtain pricing as we have anticipated could result in the need to record additional forward losses for this program.
Many of our other production cost estimates also contain pricing terms which anticipate cost reductions over time. In addition, although we have entered into these fixed price contracts with our customers, they may nonetheless seek to re-negotiate pricing with us in the future. Any such higher costs or re-negotiations could materially adversely affect our profitability, margins and revenues.
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Certain of our long-term supply agreements provide for re-negotiation of established pricing terms at specified times. In particular, pricing terms under our supply agreement with Boeing for the B737, B747, B767 and B777 platforms, which accounted for 68% of our net revenues in 2015, expired in May 2013, thus activating interim pricing provisions under the Supply Agreement. On April 8, 2014, the parties agreed on pricing through December 31, 2015. The parties are required to negotiate the pricing beyond 2015 in good faith. The parties have been unable to agree on future pricing on the B737, B747, B767 and B777 platforms for the periods beyond 2015, and an interim payment mechanism has been triggered for deliveries under the Supply Agreement commencing January 1, 2016. This interim payment mechanism is based upon existing prices, adjusted using a quantity-based price adjustment formula and specified annual escalation. The interim payment mechanism is subject to adjustment when follow-on pricing is agreed upon. In addition, while we have reached agreement on interim pricing for certain B787 shipsets, long-term pricing has not yet been agreed for the B787. If we agree on future pricing that provides us with operating margins that are lower than those which we currently experience, or if we are unable to agree on future pricing terms and the default pricing terms remain in effect for an extended period of time, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
The outcome of litigation and of government inquiries and investigations involving our business is unpredictable and an adverse decision in any such matter could have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations.
We are involved in a number of litigation matters. These claims may divert financial and management resources that would otherwise be used to benefit our operations. No assurances can be given that the results of these matters will be favorable to us. An adverse resolution of any of these lawsuits could have a material impact on our financial position and results of operations. In addition, we are sometimes subject to government inquiries and investigations of our business due, among other things, to the heavily regulated nature of our industry and our participation on government programs. Any such inquiry or investigation could potentially result in an adverse ruling against us, which could have a material impact on our financial position and operating results.
If we are unable to protect our information technology infrastructure against service interruptions, data corruption, cyber-based attacks or network security breaches, our operations could be disrupted.
We rely on information technology networks and systems to manage and support a variety of business activities, including procurement and supply chain, engineering support, and manufacturing. Our information technology systems, some of which are managed by third-parties, may be susceptible to damage, disruptions or shutdowns due to failures during the process of upgrading or replacing software, databases or components thereof, power outages, hardware failures, computer viruses, attacks by computer hackers, telecommunication failures, user errors or catastrophic events. In addition, security failures or breaches could result in unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. If our information technology systems suffer severe damage, disruption or shutdown and our business continuity plans do not effectively resolve the issues in a timely manner, our manufacturing process could be disrupted, resulting in late deliveries or even no deliveries if there is a total shutdown.
We do not own most of the intellectual property and tooling used in our business.
Our business depends on using certain intellectual property and tooling that we have rights to use under license grants from Boeing. These licenses contain restrictions on our use of Boeing intellectual property and tooling and may be terminated if we default under certain of these restrictions. If Boeing terminates our licenses to use Boeing intellectual property or tooling as a result of default or otherwise, or fails to honor its obligations under certain licenses, our business would be materially affected. See "Business — Our Relationship with Boeing — License of Intellectual Property." In addition to the licenses with Boeing, we license some of the intellectual property needed for performance under some of our supply contracts from our customers under those supply agreements. We must honor our contractual commitments to our customers related to intellectual property and comply with infringement laws governing our use of intellectual property. In the event we obtain new business from new or existing customers, we will need to pay particular attention to these contractual commitments and any other restrictions on our use of intellectual property to make sure that we will not be using intellectual property improperly in the performance of such new business. In the event we use any such intellectual property improperly, we could be subject to an infringement claim by the owner or licensee of such intellectual property.
In the future, our entry into new markets may require obtaining additional license grants from Boeing and/or from other third parties. If we are unable to negotiate additional license rights on acceptable terms (or at all) from Boeing and/or other third parties as the need arises, our ability to enter new markets may be materially restricted. In addition, we may be subject to restrictions in future licenses granted to us that may materially restrict our use of third party intellectual property.
Our success depends in part on the success of our research and development initiatives.
We spent approximately $27.8 million on research and development during the twelve months ended December 31, 2015. Our expenditures on our research and development efforts may not create any new sales opportunities or increases in productivity that are commensurate with the level of resources invested.
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We are in the process of developing specific technologies and capabilities in pursuit of new business and in anticipation of customers going forward with new programs. If any such programs do not go forward or are not successful, we may be unable to recover the costs incurred in anticipation of such programs and our profitability and revenues may be materially adversely affected.
Any future business combinations, acquisitions, mergers, or joint ventures will expose us to risks, including the risk that we may not be able to successfully integrate these businesses or achieve expected operating synergies.
We actively consider strategic transactions from time to time. We evaluate acquisitions, joint ventures, alliances and co-production programs as opportunities arise, and we may be engaged in varying levels of negotiations with potential competitors at any time. We may not be able to effect transactions with strategic alliance, acquisition or co-production program candidates on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we enter into these transactions, we also may not realize the benefits we anticipate. In addition, we may not be able to obtain additional financing for these transactions. The integration of companies that have previously been operated separately involves a number of risks, including, but not limited to:
| • | demands on management related to the increase in size after the transaction; |

| • | the diversion of management's attention from the management of daily operations to the integration of operations; |

| • | difficulties in the assimilation and retention of employees; |

| • | difficulties in the assimilation of different cultures and practices, as well as in the assimilation of geographically dispersed operations and personnel, who may speak different languages; |

| • | difficulties combining operations that use different currencies or operate under different legal structures; |

| • | difficulties in the integration of departments, systems (including accounting systems), technologies, books and records and procedures, as well as in maintaining uniform standards, controls (including internal accounting controls), procedures and policies; |

| • | compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act and other applicable anti-bribery laws; and |

| • | constraints (contractual or otherwise) limiting our ability to consolidate, rationalize and/or leverage supplier arrangements to achieve integration. |

Consummating any acquisitions, joint ventures, alliances or co-production programs could result in the incurrence of additional debt and related interest expense, as well as unforeseen contingent liabilities.
We could be required to make future contributions to our defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans as a result of adverse changes in interest rates and the capital markets.
Our estimates of liabilities and expenses for pensions and other post-retirement benefits incorporate significant assumptions including the rate used to discount the future estimated liability, the long-term rate of return on plan assets and several assumptions relating to the employee workforce (salary increases, medical costs, retirement age and mortality). A dramatic decrease in the fair value of our plan assets resulting from movements in the financial markets may cause the status of our plans to go from an over-funded status to an under-funded status and result in cash funding requirements to meet any minimum required funding levels. Our results of operations, liquidity, or shareholders' equity in a particular period could be affected by a decline in the rate of return on plan assets, the rate used to discount the future estimated liability, or changes in employee workforce assumptions.
Our business jet programs are sensitive to consumer preferences in the business jet market.
Our business jet program success is tied to demand for products from the manufacturers with whom we contract. The business jet market is impacted by consumer preference for different business jet models. If demand for new aircraft from our customers decreases, there would likely be a corresponding decrease in demand for our business jet products, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
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Risk Factors Related to Our Capital Structure
Our substantial debt could adversely affect our financial condition and our ability to operate our business. The terms of the indentures governing our long-term bonds and our senior secured credit facility impose significant operating and financial restrictions on our company and our subsidiaries, which could also adversely affect our operating flexibility and put us at a competitive disadvantage by preventing us from capitalizing on business opportunities.
As of December 31, 2015, we had total debt of approximately $1,133.2 million, including approximately $508.3 million of borrowings under our senior secured credit facility, $599.5 million of long-term bonds, a $3.2 million Malaysian loan, $9.1 million of capital lease obligations and $13.1 million in other debt obligations. In addition to our debt, as of December 31, 2015, we had $20.1 million of letters of guarantee outstanding.
The terms of the indentures governing our long-term bonds and our senior secured credit facility impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, which limit our ability, among other things, to:
| • | incur additional debt or issue preferred stock; |

| • | pay dividends or make distributions to our stockholders; |

| • | repurchase or redeem our capital stock; |

| • | make investments; |

| • | incur liens; |

| • | enter into transactions with our stockholders and affiliates; |

| • | sell certain assets; |

| • | acquire the assets of, or merge or consolidate with, other companies; and |

| • | incur restrictions on the ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions or transfer assets to us. |

These restrictions could have consequences, including the following:
| • | making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to our debt; |

| • | limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, strategic acquisitions or other general corporate requirements; |

| • | requiring a substantial portion of our cash flows to be dedicated to debt service payments instead of other purposes; |

| • | increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; |

| • | limiting our financial flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in the industry in which we compete; |

| • | placing us at a disadvantage compared to other, less leveraged competitors; |

| • | having a material adverse effect on us if we fail to comply with the covenants in the senior secured credit facility, in the indentures governing our long-term bonds or in the instruments governing our other debt; and |

| • | increasing our cost of borrowing. |

Our existing senior secured revolving credit facility, which matures on March 18, 2020, is a significant source of liquidity for our business. The failure to extend or renew this agreement could have a significant effect on our ability to invest sufficiently in our programs, fund day to day operations, or pursue strategic opportunities.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain compliance with the covenants in the agreements governing our indebtedness in the future or, if we fail to do so, that we will be able to obtain waivers from the lenders and/or amend the covenants.
In addition, despite the restrictions and limitations described above, subject to the limits contained in the agreements governing our indebtedness, we may be able to incur additional debt from time to time to finance working capital, capital expenditures, investments or acquisitions, or for other purposes. The terms of any future indebtedness we may incur could include more restrictive covenants. If we incur additional debt, the risks related to our level of debt could intensify.
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In addition, if we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow to service our debt and meet our other commitments, we may need to refinance all or a portion of our debt, sell material assets or operations, or raise additional debt or equity capital. We cannot provide assurance that we could affect any of these actions on a timely basis, on commercially reasonable terms or at all, or that these actions would be sufficient to meet our capital requirements. In addition, the terms of our existing or future debt agreements may restrict us from effecting certain or any of these alternatives.
Global credit markets are subject to numerous risk factors, including but not limited to concerns over sovereign debt in Europe and elsewhere; the impact and effectiveness of new financial legislation and regulation in the United States and Europe; the impact of those reforms on borrowers, financial institutions and credit rating agencies; potential systemic risk resulting from the interrelationship of credit market products and participants; global governmental and central banking policies; and conflict and political instability in the Middle East and Asia. There can be no assurance that access to credit markets will continue to be available to us.
Any reduction in our credit ratings could materially and adversely affect our business or financial condition.
As of December 31, 2015, our corporate credit ratings were a BB, positive outlook by Standard & Poor's, and a Ba1, stable outlook by Moody's Investor Services.
The ratings reflect the agencies' assessment of our ability to pay interest and principal on our debt securities and credit agreements. A rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold securities. Each rating is subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organization. Each rating agency has its own methodology for assigning ratings and, accordingly, each rating should be considered independently of all other ratings. Lower ratings would typically result in higher interest costs of debt securities when they are sold, and could make it more difficult to issue future debt securities. In addition, a downgrade in our fixed or revolving long-term debt rating could result in an increase in borrowing costs under our senior secured credit facility and could trigger a prepayment based on the excess cash flow prepayment provision under our term loan depending on our total leverage ratio. Any downgrade in our credit ratings could thus have a material adverse effect on our business or financial condition.
We may sell more equity and reduce your ownership in Spirit Holdings.
Our business plan may require the investment of new capital, which we may raise by issuing additional equity (including equity interests which may have a preference over shares of our class A common stock) or additional debt (including debt securities and/or bank loans). However, this capital may not be available at all, or when needed, or upon terms and conditions favorable to us. The issuance of additional equity in Spirit Holdings may result in significant dilution of shares of our class A common stock. We may issue additional equity in connection with or to finance acquisitions. Further, our subsidiaries could issue securities in the future to persons or entities (including our affiliates) other than us or another subsidiary. This could materially adversely affect your investment in us because it would dilute your indirect ownership interest in our subsidiaries.
Spirit Holdings' certificate of incorporation and by-laws and our supply agreements with Boeing contain provisions that could discourage another company from acquiring us and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management.
Provisions of Spirit Holdings' certificate of incorporation and by-laws may discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace or remove our current board of directors. These provisions include:
| • | advance notice requirements for nominations for election to the board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted on by stockholders at stockholder meetings; and |

| • | the authority of the board of directors to issue, without stockholder approval, up to 10 million shares of preferred stock with such terms as the board of directors may determine and an additional 64,288,147 shares of class A common stock (net of shares issued but subject to vesting requirements under our benefit plans and shares reserved for issuance upon conversion of outstanding shares of class B common stock and shares issued pursuant to our Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan) and an additional 149,905,736 shares of class B common stock. |

In addition, our supply agreements with Boeing include provisions giving Boeing the ability to terminate the agreements in the event any of certain disqualified persons acquire a majority of Spirit's direct or indirect voting power or all or substantially all of Spirit's assets. See "Business — Our Relationship with Boeing."
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Our stock price may be volatile.
Price fluctuations in our class A common stock could result from general market and economic conditions and a variety of other factors, including:
| • | actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results; |

| • | changes in aerostructures pricing; |

| • | our competitors' and customers' announcements of significant contracts, acquisitions or strategic investments; |

| • | changes in our growth rates or our competitors' and customers' growth rates; |

| • | the timing or results of regulatory submissions or actions with respect to our business; |

| • | our inability to finance or raise additional capital; |

| • | conditions of the aerostructure industry, in the financial markets, or economic conditions in general; and |

| • | changes in stock market analyst recommendations regarding our class A common stock, other comparable companies or the aerospace industry in general. |

Item 1B.
Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2. Significant Properties
The location, primary use, approximate square footage and ownership status of our principal properties as of December 31, 2015 are set forth below:
| Location | Primary Use | ApproximateSquare Footage | Owned/Leased |
| United States |
| Wichita, Kansas(1) | Primary Manufacturing | 11.1 million | Owned/Leased |
| Facility/Offices/Warehouse |
| Chanute, Kansas(2) | Manufacturing Facility | 60,100 | Leased |
| Tulsa, Oklahoma | Manufacturing Facility | 1.7 million | Leased |
| McAlester, Oklahoma | Manufacturing Facility | 135,300 | Owned |
| Kinston, North Carolina | Primary Manufacturing/Office/Warehouse | 776,000 | Leased |
| United Kingdom |
| Prestwick, Scotland | Manufacturing Facility | 954,000 | Owned |
| Malaysia |
| Subang, Malaysia | Manufacturing | 339,500 | Owned/Leased |
| France |
| Saint-Nazaire, France | Primary Manufacturing/Office | 58,800 | Leased |
| Toulouse, France | Office | 3,400 | Leased |

_______________________________________
| (1) | 94% of the Wichita facility is owned. |

| (2) | Operation began in Q1 2012. |

Our physical assets consist of 15.1 million square feet of building space located on 1,335 acres in nine facilities. We produce our fuselage systems and propulsion systems from our primary manufacturing facility located in Wichita, Kansas with some fuselage work done in our Kinston, North Carolina facility. We produce wing systems in our manufacturing facilities in Tulsa, Oklahoma; Kinston, North Carolina; Prestwick, Scotland; Saint-Nazaire, France; and Subang, Malaysia. In addition to these sites,
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we have a facility located in McAlester, Oklahoma dedicated to supplying machined parts and sub-assemblies to the Wichita and Tulsa facilities. We also have a light sub-assembly manufacturing facility located in Chanute, Kansas which manufactures small parts in support of Wichita propulsion.
The Wichita facility, including Spirit's corporate offices, is comprised of 625 acres, 6.4 million square feet of manufacturing space, 1.2 million square feet of offices and laboratories for the engineering and design group and 3.5 million square feet for support functions and warehouses. A 114,000 square foot expansion of the Composite Fuselage Facility is under construction and scheduled for completion in June 2016. This expansion is in support of the B787 program. Additionally, a 47,000 square foot expansion is under construction and scheduled for completion in October 2016. This expansion will support Propulsion programs. A total of 346,000 square feet are currently vacant, with much of that space planned for backfill by new programs. The Wichita site has access to transportation by rail, road and air. For air cargo, the Wichita site has access to the runways of McConnell Air Force Base.
The Chanute facility consists of 60,100 square feet of building space. The Chanute facility manufactures sub-assemblies for the propulsion segment, and is leased from the city of Chanute.
The Tulsa facility consists of 1.7 million square feet of building space set on 153 acres. The Tulsa plant is located five miles from an international shipping port (Port of Catoosa) and is located next to the Tulsa International Airport. The Tulsa facility includes off-site leased space located 1.5 miles east in the Green Valley Center. In December 2014 Spirit transferred the Gulfstream G280 and G650 wing packages to Triumph Group Inc. and subleased 287,300 square feet of the Tulsa plant to Triumph for manufacturing purposes. The sublease includes 252,000 square feet of manufacturing space and 36,000 square feet of office space. The McAlester site, which manufactures parts and sub-assemblies primarily for the Tulsa facility, consists of 135,300 square feet of building space on 92 acres.
The Prestwick facility consists of 954,000 square feet of building space, comprised of 617,000 square feet of manufacturing space, 255,000 square feet of office space, and 82,000 square feet of warehouse/support space. This facility is set on 95 acres. A 22,000 square foot paint complex is under construction in Prestwick and is scheduled for completion in late March 2016. The Prestwick plant is located on the west coast of Scotland, approximately 33 miles south of Glasgow, within close proximity to the motorway network that provides access between England and continental Europe. It is also easily accessible by air (at Prestwick International Airport) or by sea. We lease a portion of our Prestwick facility to the Regional Aircraft division of BAE Systems and certain other tenants.
The Malaysian manufacturing plant is located at the Malaysia International Aerospace Center (MIAC) in Subang. The 339,500 square foot leased facility is set on 45 acres and is centrally located with easy access to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia's capital city, as well as nearby ports and airports. The facility assembles composite panels for wing components. The total square footage includes a 65,000 square foot warehouse and a 2,300 square foot paint storage building, both of which are owned by Spirit and were constructed in 2012 for shipping/receiving and parts storage to make room for additional manufacturing space in the existing building.
The Wichita and Tulsa manufacturing facilities have significant scale to accommodate the very large structures that are manufactured there, including, in Wichita, entire fuselages. Three of the U.S. facilities are in close proximity, with approximately 175 miles between Wichita and Tulsa and 90 miles between Tulsa and McAlester. Currently, these U.S. facilities utilize approximately 97% of the available building space. The Prestwick manufacturing facility currently utilizes only 72% of the space; of the remaining space, 15% is leased and 13% is vacant.
The Kinston, North Carolina facility supports the manufacturing of composite panels and wing components. The primary manufacturing site and off-site leased spaces total 318 acres and 776,000 square feet. In addition to the primary manufacturing facility, this includes three additional buildings leased from the NC Global Transpark Authority: a 27,800 square foot warehouse/office supporting receiving needs, a 26,400 square foot warehouse providing tooling storage, and a 121,000 square foot manufacturing facility supporting light manufacturing. An 11,500 square foot expansion to the existing Autoclave & Shipping Center was completed in October 2015.
The Saint-Nazaire, France site was built on 6.25 acres and totals 58,800 square feet. This facility receives center fuselage frame sections for the Airbus A350 XWB from the facility in Kinston, North Carolina. Sections designed and manufactured in North Carolina are shipped across the Atlantic, received in Saint-Nazaire, and assembled before being transported to Airbus. Additionally, a 3,400 square foot office area in Toulouse, France is leased for engineering support.
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings
Information concerning the litigation and other legal proceedings in which the Company is involved may be found in Note 19 under the sub-heading "Litigation" in this Annual Report and that information is hereby incorporated by reference.
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
Listed below are the names, ages, positions held, and biographies of all executive officers of Spirit Holdings. Executive officers hold office until their successors are elected or appointed at the next annual meeting of the Board of Directors, or until their death, retirement, resignation, or removal.
Larry Lawson, 57. Mr. Lawson joined Spirit Holdings as President and Chief Executive Officer on April 6, 2013. Prior to joining Spirit Holdings, Mr. Lawson was Executive Vice President of Lockheed Martin's Aeronautics business segment. Mr. Lawson began his career as a flight control engineer working on the F-15 Eagle at McDonnell Douglas. He has since held a broad range of leadership positions in engineering, advanced development, business development, and program management in a career spanning more than 30 years. In his work at Lockheed Martin, Mr. Lawson oversaw key aircraft production programs such as the F-35, F-22, F-16, C-130J, and C-5, including highly classified programs in the world-renowned Skunk Works® organization. Mr. Lawson holds a bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering from Lawrence Technological University, where he also serves on the board of trustees, has a master's degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Missouri, and is a graduate of the Harvard Business School Advanced Management Program and an MIT Seminar XXI Fellow.
Stacy Cozad, 45. Ms. Cozad joined Spirit AeroSystems as Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary on January 4, 2016. Prior to joining Spirit Aerosystems, she served as Southwest Airlines' associate general counsel for litigation from October 2006 to December 2015, overseeing all litigation for the airline. Prior to that Ms. Cozad was an associate and partner in private law practices from September 1997 to September 2006, working on high-profile litigation cases. Ms. Cozad earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in behavioral science from Concordia University Texas and her Juris Doctor degree from Pepperdine University.
Duane Hawkins, 57. Mr. Hawkins joined Spirit AeroSystems as Senior Vice President - Operations in July 2013. He has responsibility and oversight for Defense, Supply Chain Management, Fabrication, Global Quality, and Operations, including global footprint, Manufacturing Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Lean and Tooling. Prior to joining Spirit, Mr. Hawkins was Vice President, Deputy Air Warfare Systems at Raytheon Missile Systems. From 2010 to 2012, Mr. Hawkins was Vice President, Deputy Land Combat Systems at Raytheon Missile Systems. Prior positions at Raytheon Missile Systems also include Vice President, Deputy Supply Chain Management and Standard Missile Program Director. From 1994 to 2001, Mr. Hawkins was President of Defense Research Inc., and from 1993 to 1994 he was Vice President, Engineering at the company. He was factory manager for Hughes Missile Systems/ General Dynamics from 1991 to 1993, and Chief of Manufacturing Engineering for General Dynamics Missile Systems from 1988 to1991. Mr. Hawkins holds a Bachelor of Science degree in manufacturing/industrial engineering from Brigham Young University and an MBA from Regis University.
Sanjay Kapoor, 55. Mr. Kapoor joined Spirit Holdings as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer on September 23, 2013. Mr. Kapoor joined Spirit from Raytheon where he most recently served as Vice President of Integrated Air & Missile Defense for Raytheon Integrated Defense Systems (IDS). Prior to this role, Mr. Kapoor was IDS Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer from 2004 to 2008. Mr. Kapoor also served as CFO at United Technologies’ Pratt and Whitney Power Systems Division. His tenure at Pratt and Whitney also included roles as Director of Aftermarket Services for the Power Systems Business, controller for the Turbine Module Center and business manager for new commercial programs. Mr. Kapoor received his bachelor’s degree in technology from the Indian Institute of Technology and a dual Masters of Business Administration in finance and entrepreneurial management from The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.
Krisstie Kondrotis, 50. Ms. Kondrotis joined Spirit Holdings as Senior Vice President- Business Development effective in December 2014. Prior to joining Spirit AeroSystems, she served as Sector Vice President for Business Development at Northrop Grumman Corporation from 2013 to December 2014, Executive Vice President for Business Development and Strategy at CACI, International from 2011 to 2013, Vice President for Business Development and Strategy at General Dynamics Information Technology - Intelligence Solutions Division from 2007 to 2011 and Director of F-22 Business Development at Lockheed Martin Corporation from 2005 to 2007. She is a Syracuse University National Security Studies fellow, and is a graduate of the Lockheed Martin Program Management Institute at Carnegie Mellon University. She holds a Masters of Business Administration in Operations
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Management from Regis University, Denver, Colorado, (1992), and a Bachelor of Science in Finance from University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, (1987).
Michelle J. Lohmeier, 53. Ms. Lohmeier became Senior Vice President and General Manager of Airbus Programs in June 2015. Ms. Lohmeier has extensive aerospace experience from several positions at Raytheon Company, most recently as vice president of the Land Warfare Systems product line at Raytheon Missile Systems. In that position, Lohmeier had responsibility for the development and production of all Army and United States Marine Corps (USMC) missile programs. Previously, Ms. Lohmeier was the program director for the design, development and production implementation of the Standard Missile-6 weapon system for the United States Navy. Ms. Lohmeier also served as the production chief engineer for the AMRAAM Program. In addition, Ms. Lohmeier directed Software Engineering, where she was responsible for software development, software quality and configuration management for all Missile Systems programs. She began her career with Hughes Aircraft Company in 1985 as a system test engineer. Ms. Lohmeier earned a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree in systems engineering from the University of Arizona.
Samantha J. Marnick, 45. Ms. Marnick became Senior Vice President - Chief Administration Officer in October 2012. From January 2011 to September 2012, Ms. Marnick served as Senior Vice President of Corporate Administration and Human Resources. From March 2008 to December 2010, Ms. Marnick served as Vice President Labor Relations & Workforce Strategy responsible for labor relations, global human resource project management office, compensation and benefits, and workforce planning. Ms. Marnick previously served as Director of Communications and Employee Engagement from March 2006 to March 2008. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Marnick was a senior consultant and Principal for Mercer Human Resource Consulting holding management positions in both the United Kingdom and in the United States. Prior to that Ms. Marnick worked for Watson Wyatt, the UK's Department of Health and Social Security and The British Wool Marketing Board. Ms. Marnick holds a Master's degree from the University of Salford in Corporate Communication Strategy and Management.
John Pilla, 56. Mr. Pilla became Senior Vice President of Engineering and Chief Technology Officer in June 2015. Prior to that, Mr. Pilla served as the Senior Vice President/General Manager - Airbus and A350 XWB Program Management from May 2013 through June 2015. Mr. Pilla previously served as the Senior Vice President/General Manager, Propulsion Systems Segment of Spirit from July 2009 through May 2013 as well as the Senior Vice President/General Manager of the Wing Segment from September 2012 through May 2013. From July 2011 to May 2013, he was also responsible for the Aftermarket Customer Support Organization. From April 2008 to July 2009, Mr. Pilla was Chief Technology Officer of Spirit Holdings and he served as Vice President/General Manager-787 of Spirit Holdings and/or Spirit, a position he assumed at the date of the Boeing Acquisition in June 2005 and held until March 2008. He received his Master's degree in Aerospace Structures Engineering in 1986 and a Masters in Business Administration in 2002 from Wichita State University.
Ron Rabe, 50. Mr. Rabe became a Senior Vice President of Operations at Spirit Aerosystems Holdings, Inc. in June 2015. Most recently, Mr. Rabe was Eaton Corporation’s vice president of global manufacturing and supply chain, vehicle group from June 2011 to June 2015. In that role he had responsibility for global operations of more than 40 sites, including with respect to supply chain, quality, materials, advanced manufacturing and lean manufacturing. From September 2009 to June 2011 Rabe worked at Eaton Aerospace Group, leading global operations on conveyance systems and operational support for the F-35, CH-53K, 787, and A350 new programs. Mr. Rabe also led operations for the global vehicle group and was responsible for opening new sites in China, India and Mexico from 2000 to 2009. He started his career at the Boeing Company in Wichita in 1986. Mr. Rabe holds a Bachelor of Science degree from Newman University and a Masters of Business Administration from Ross School of Business at University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.
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Part II
Item 5.
Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Our class A common stock has been quoted on the NYSE under the symbol "SPR" since November 21, 2006. Prior to that time, there was no public market for our stock. As of February 3, 2016, there were approximately 868 holders of record of class A common stock. However, we believe that many additional holders of our class A common stock are unidentified because a substantial number of shares are held of record by brokers or dealers for their customers in street names. The closing price on February 3, 2016 was $42.08 per share as reported by the NYSE.
As of February 3, 2016, there was 1 holder of record of class B common stock. Our class B common stock is neither listed nor publicly traded.
The following table sets forth for the indicated periods the high and low closing sales price for our class A common stock on the NYSE.
| 2015 | 2014 |
| Fiscal Quarter | High | Low | High | Low |
| 1st | $ | 52.46 | $ | 41.89 | $ | 35.89 | $ | 26.51 |
| 2nd | $ | 56.35 | $ | 50.33 | $ | 34.24 | $ | 26.63 |
| 3rd | $ | 57.16 | $ | 47.62 | $ | 39.73 | $ | 32.57 |
| 4th | $ | 55.67 | $ | 47.68 | $ | 45.32 | $ | 34.84 |

Dividend Policy
We did not pay any cash dividends in 2014 or 2015. Our future dividend policy will depend on the requirements of financing agreements to which we may be a party. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon, among other factors, our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements and contractual restrictions.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
The following table represents restricted shares outstanding under the Omnibus Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2015.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
| Plan Category | Number of Securitiesto be IssuedUpon Exercise ofOutstanding Options,Warrants and Rights | Weighted-AverageExercise Price ofOutstanding Options,Warrants and Rights | Number of SecuritiesRemaining Availablefor Future IssuancesUnder the EquityCompensation Plans(Excluding SecuritiesReflected in Column (a)) |
| (a) | (b) | (c) |
| Restricted Stock Awards |
| Equity compensation plans approved by security holders(1)(2) | N/A | (3) | $ | — | 7,499,557 |
| Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders(2) | — | $ | — | — |
| Total | N/A | (3) | $ | — | 7,499,557 |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Approved by previous security holders in place before our initial public offering. Amendments were approved by the Company's stockholders in 2008 and 2011. On April 30, 2014, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Omnibus Plan”), which replaces the Executive Incentive Plan, Short-Term Incentive Plan, Long-Term Incentive Plan and Director Stock Plan (collectively referred to as “Prior Plans”). The Omnibus Plan was subsequently approved by the Company’s stockholders at the Company’s 2014 annual stockholder’s meeting. No new awards will be granted under the Prior Plans. Outstanding awards under the Prior Plans will continue to be governed by the terms of such plans until exercised, |

35
expired, or otherwise terminated or canceled. The adoption of the Omnibus Plan was non-dilutive to the Company's stockholders.
| (2) | Our equity compensation plan provides for the issuance of incentive awards to officers, directors, employees and consultants in the form of stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and deferred stock, in lieu of cash compensation. |

| (3) | There are 1,857,757 class A common shares outstanding under the Omnibus Incentive Plan as of December 31, 2015. |

Stock Performance
The following graph shows a comparison from December 31, 2010 through December 31, 2015 of cumulative total return of our class A common stock, Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Index, and the Standard & Poor's 500 Aerospace & Defense Index. Such returns are based on historical results and are not intended to suggest future performance. We have never paid dividends on our class A common stock.
| INDEXED RETURNSYears Ending |
| Company/Index | BasePeriod12/31/10 | 12/31/2011 | 12/31/2012 | 12/31/2013 | 12/31/2014 | 12/31/2015 |
| Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. | 100 | 99.86 | 81.55 | 163.77 | 206.82 | 240.61 |
| S&P 500 Index | 100 | 102.11 | 118.45 | 156.82 | 178.29 | 180.75 |
| S&P 500 Aerospace & Defense Index | 100 | 105.28 | 120.61 | 186.85 | 208.21 | 219.52 |

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Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
There were no sales of unregistered equity securities during the three months ended December 31, 2015.
The following table provides information about our repurchases during the three months ended December 31, 2015 of our common stock that is registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
| Period (a) | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid Per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Repurchased Under the Plans or Programs (b) |
| ($ in millions other than per share amounts) |
| October 2, 2015 - November 5, 2015 | 1,820,698 | $ | 55.4891 | 1,820,698 | $ | 202.7 |
| November 6, 2015 - December 3, 2015 | 1,490,384 | 53.1295 | 1,490,384 | 123.8 |
| December 4, 2015 - December 31, 2015 | 1,456,783 | 50.2101 | 1,456,783 | 50.0 |
| Total | 4,767,865 | $ | 52.9429 | 4,767,865 | $ | 50.0 |

| (a) | Our fiscal month-ends often differ from the calendar months except for the month of December, as our fiscal year ends on December 31. For example, December 3, 2015 was the last day of our November 2015 fiscal month. |

| (b) | On July 29, 2015, the Company announced that our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $350.0 million of our common stock. During the period ended December 31, 2015, the Company repurchased 5.7 million shares of its class A common stock for $300.0 million. Repurchases may be made intermittently through December 31, 2017. |

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Item 6.
Selected Financial Data
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND OTHER DATA
The following table sets forth our selected consolidated financial data for each of the periods indicated. Financial data is derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Spirit Holdings. The audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2015, December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 are included in this Annual Report. You should read the information presented below in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and our combined and consolidated financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in the Annual Report.
| Spirit Holdings |
| Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | December 31, 2011 |
| (Dollars in millions, except per share data) |
| Statement of Income Data: |
| Net revenues | $ | 6,643.9 | $ | 6,799.2 | $ | 5,961.0 | $ | 5,397.7 | $ | 4,863.8 |
| Cost of sales(1) | 5,532.3 | 5,711.0 | 6,059.5 | 5,245.3 | 4,312.1 |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses(2) | 220.8 | 233.8 | 200.8 | 172.2 | 159.9 |
| Impact from severe weather event | — | — | 30.3 | (146.2 | ) | — |
| Research and development | 27.8 | 29.3 | 34.7 | 34.1 | 35.7 |
| Loss on divestiture of programs(3) | — | 471.1 | — | — | — |
| Operating income (loss) | 863.0 | 354.0 | (364.3 | ) | 92.3 | 356.1 |
| Interest expense and financing fee amortization | (52.7 | ) | (88.1 | ) | (70.1 | ) | (82.9 | ) | (77.5 | ) |
| Interest income | — | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| Other (loss) income, net | (2.2 | ) | (4.1 | ) | 3.3 | 1.8 | 1.4 |
| Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in net income (loss) of affiliates | 808.1 | 262.4 | (430.8 | ) | 11.4 | 280.3 |
| Income tax (provision) benefit | (20.6 | ) | 95.9 | (191.1 | ) | 24.1 | (86.9 | ) |
| Equity in net income (loss) of affiliates | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | (0.7 | ) | (1.0 | ) |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 788.7 | $ | 358.8 | $ | (621.4 | ) | $ | 34.8 | $ | 192.4 |
| Net income (loss) per share, basic | $ | 5.69 | $ | 2.55 | $ | (4.40 | ) | $ | 0.24 | $ | 1.36 |
| Shares used in per share calculation, basic | 138.4 | 140.0 | 141.3 | 140.7 | 139.2 |
| Net income (loss) per share, diluted | $ | 5.66 | $ | 2.53 | $ | (4.40 | ) | $ | 0.24 | $ | 1.35 |
| Shares used in per share calculation, diluted | 139.4 | 141.6 | 141.3 | 142.7 | 142.3 |

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| Spirit Holdings |
| Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | December 31, 2011 |
| (Dollars in millions) |
| Other Financial Data: |
| Cash flow provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 1,289.7 | $ | 361.6 | $ | 260.6 | $ | 544.4 | $ | (47.3 | ) |
| Cash flow used in investing activities | $ | (357.4 | ) | $ | (239.6 | ) | $ | (268.2 | ) | $ | (248.8 | ) | $ | (249.2 | ) |
| Cash flow used in financing activities | $ | (351.1 | ) | $ | (164.2 | ) | $ | (13.9 | ) | $ | (34.6 | ) | $ | (6.7 | ) |
| Capital expenditures | $ | (360.1 | ) | $ | (220.2 | ) | $ | (234.2 | ) | $ | (236.1 | ) | $ | (249.7 | ) |
| Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 957.3 | $ | 377.9 | $ | 420.7 | $ | 440.7 | $ | 177.8 |
| Accounts receivable, net | $ | 537.0 | $ | 605.6 | $ | 550.8 | $ | 420.7 | $ | 267.2 |
| Inventories, net | $ | 1,774.4 | $ | 1,753.0 | $ | 1,842.6 | $ | 2,410.8 | $ | 2,630.9 |
| Property, plant & equipment, net | $ | 1,950.7 | $ | 1,783.6 | $ | 1,803.3 | $ | 1,698.5 | $ | 1,615.7 |
| Total assets | $ | 5,777.5 | $ | 5,162.7 | $ | 5,107.2 | $ | 5,415.3 | $ | 5,042.4 |
| Total debt | $ | 1,133.2 | $ | 1,153.5 | $ | 1,167.3 | $ | 1,176.2 | $ | 1,200.9 |
| Long-term debt | $ | 1,097.6 | $ | 1,144.1 | $ | 1,150.5 | $ | 1,165.9 | $ | 1,152.0 |
| Total equity | $ | 2,120.0 | $ | 1,622.0 | $ | 1,481.0 | $ | 1,996.9 | $ | 1,964.7 |

________________________________
| (1) | Included in 2015 costs of sales are net favorable changes in estimates on loss programs totaling $10.8 million. Included in 2014 costs of sales are net favorable changes in estimates on loss programs totaling $26.1 million. Included in 2013 cost of sales are forward loss charges of $1,133.3 million. Included in 2012 cost of sales are forward loss charges of $644.7 million. Included in 2011 cost of sales are forward loss charges of $132.1 million. Includes cumulative catch-up adjustments of $41.6 million, $60.4 million, $95.5 million, $14.7 million, and $13.8 million for periods prior to the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. |

| (2) | Includes non-cash stock compensation expenses of $26.0 million, $16.4 million, $19.6 million, $15.3 million, and $11.1 million for the respective periods starting with the twelve months ended December 31, 2015. |

| (3) | On December 8, 2014, Spirit entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with Triumph Aerostructures - Tulsa, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Triumph Group Inc. ("Triumph"), to sell Spirit’s G280 and G650 programs, consisting of the design, manufacture and support of structural components for the Gulfstream G280 and G650 aircraft in Spirit’s facilities in Tulsa, Oklahoma to Triumph. The transaction closed on December 30, 2014. |

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Item 7.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements, the notes to the audited consolidated financial statements and the "Selected Consolidated Financial Information and Other Data" appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report. This section includes "forward-looking statements." Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "anticipate," "believe," "continue," "estimate," "expect," "forecast," "intend," "may," "plan," "project," "should," "will," and other similar words or phrases, or the negative thereof, unless the context requires otherwise. These statements reflect management's current views with respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties, both known and unknown, including, but not limited to, those described in the "Risk Factors" section of this Annual Report. See also "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements." Our actual results may vary materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements. We caution investors not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements.
Recent Events
On February 4, 2016, Christopher Kubasik, director of the Company, informed the Company that he has decided not to run for re-election to the board of directors at the Company’s 2016 annual meeting of shareholders. Mr. Kubasik will serve out the remainder of his current term.
On January 27, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized an additional share repurchase program authorizing the purchase of up to $600.0 million of the Company's common stock. Repurchases may be made intermittently through December 31, 2017.
On January 4, 2016, Stacy Cozad joined the Company as Senior Vice President and General Counsel, succeeding Jon Lammers.
Overview
We are one of the largest independent non-OEM (original equipment manufacturer) aircraft parts designers and manufacturers of commercial aerostructures in the world, based on annual revenues, as well as the largest independent supplier of aerostructures to Boeing. In addition, we are one of the largest independent suppliers of aerostructures to Airbus. Boeing and Airbus are the two largest aircraft OEMs in the world. Aerostructures are structural components, such as fuselages, propulsion systems and wing systems for commercial and military aircraft. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, we generated net revenues of $6,643.9 million and net income of $788.7 million.
We are organized into three principal reporting segments: (1) Fuselage Systems, which includes forward, mid and rear fuselage sections, (2) Propulsion Systems, which includes nacelles, struts/pylons and engine structural components, and (3) Wing Systems, which includes wings, wing components, flight control surfaces and other miscellaneous structural parts. All other activities fall within the All Other segment, principally made up of sundry sales of miscellaneous services, tooling contracts, and sales of natural gas through a tenancy-in-common with other companies that have operations in Wichita, Kansas. The Fuselage Systems segment manufactures products at our facilities in Wichita, Kansas and Kinston, North Carolina, with an assembly plant in Saint-Nazaire, France for the A350 XWB program. The Propulsion Systems segment manufactures products at our facilities in Wichita and Chanute, Kansas. The Wing Systems segment manufactures products at our facilities in Tulsa and McAlester, Oklahoma; Prestwick, Scotland; Subang, Malaysia; and Kinston, North Carolina. Fuselage Systems, Propulsion Systems, Wing Systems and All Other represented approximately 52%, 26%, 22% and less than 1%, respectively, of our net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015.
Market Trends
The financial health of the commercial airline industry has a direct and significant effect on our commercial aircraft programs. The global industry's overall net profit is believed to have risen more than 90% year-over-year in 2015. This marks the sixth straight year of overall airline profit. 2016 is expected to continue the pattern of profitability, with overall profit forecasted to improve more than 10% over 2015. Key drivers of airline profitability, and consequently, demand for commercial aircraft include airline passenger and cargo traffic trends. Principal factors influencing traffic levels are economic growth and political stability. Any significant downturn in global or regional economic stability, or exogenous shocks such as warfare, terrorism or a pandemic, could suppress traffic and negatively affect demand for our key customers' products.
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Demand for commercial aerostructures is driven by demand for new aircraft. The combined Boeing and Airbus backlogs have increased more than 80% since December 2009. The year-end 2015 combined backlog was 12,582 aircraft. High backlog levels are expected to continue to drive increasing production forecasts in the near to mid-term from both Boeing and Airbus.
Management’s Focus
The Company’s focus is on ensuring that our quality and operational and cost performance are world class. 2015 was a pivotal year for Spirit as we completed several key initiatives as part of our efforts to position the Company for future success by concentrating on productivity and preparation for sustained growth. Our key objectives for 2015 included continued focus on improved performance, increased productivity, reduced cost and alignment of our business to what we do best; leveraging our investments in support of aircraft rate increases; continuation of our progress on A350; greater emphasis on long term growth; and implementation of a capital deployment strategy. Due to strategic actions taken during 2015, we believe we have met each of the key objectives.
In 2015, we improved operationally as evidenced by a record number of aircraft deliveries on several key programs, we worked on future productivity and capacity by investing in capital spend in order to prepare for production rate increases in future periods, and we worked to improve quality while lowering costs.
We anticipate taking additional actions in the near-term as we continue to position the Company for future success. Our focus for 2016 includes restructuring and reducing our internal costs, continued execution on the A350 program, and concentrating on cash generation and disciplined cash deployment.
New and Maturing Programs
We are currently performing work on several new and maturing programs, which are in various stages of development. These programs carry risks associated with design responsibility, development of production tooling, production inefficiencies during the initial phases of production, hiring and training of qualified personnel, increased capital and funding commitments, supplier performance, delivery schedules and unique contractual requirements. Our success depends on our ability to achieve performance obligations on new and maturing programs to our customers' satisfaction and manufacture products at our estimated cost.
In order to continue to reduce risk on our new and maturing programs, it will be critical that we successfully perform under revised design and manufacturing plans, achieve planned cost reductions as we enter increasing levels of production, meet customer delivery schedules, successfully resolve claims and assertions and negotiate pricing with our customers and suppliers.
A350 XWB
We continue to support the development of the A350 XWB program through two contracts we have with Airbus, a fuselage contract and a wing contract, both of which are segmented into a non-recurring design engineering phase and a recurring production phase. We continue to record sales at zero margins to reflect the identified risk profile on these programs.
We also continue to support the development of the work scope for the design and tooling related to the -1000 derivative of the A350 XWB fuselage and wing contracts. Estimates for the non-recurring design engineering phase of the -1000 fuselage derivative have resulted in previously recorded forward losses on this program. There is a risk of additional forward loss if we do not successfully execute the design and engineering change process as projected.
Our A350 XWB fuselage recurring program experienced various production inefficiencies in its earlier stages of production which resulted in previously recorded forward losses, mostly driven by early development discovery and engineering change to the aircraft design, as well as higher test and transportation costs.
Estimated revenue for the A350 XWB program includes estimates of probable recoveries asserted against our customer for changes in specifications. Although we continue to project margins on the A350 XWB fuselage and wing contracts to be near or at break-even, there is still a substantial amount of risk similar to what we have experienced on other development programs. Specifically, our ability to successfully negotiate favorable pricing and other terms with Airbus and our suppliers, to manage supplier performance, execute cost reduction strategies, hire and retain skilled production and management personnel, execute quality and manufacturing processes, manage program schedule delays and adjust to higher rate schedules, among other risks, will determine the ultimate performance of this program and these contracts. There continues to be risk of additional forward loss associated with the fuselage recurring contract as we work through production, supply chain and customer issues.
B787 Program
As we move into a higher production rate on this program, our performance at the current contracted price depends on our continued ability to achieve cost reductions in manufacturing and support labor as well as supply chain. Improvement efforts to reduce our cost structure have been ongoing since the beginning of the program and continued as design engineering for the B787-8, B787-9 and B787-10 derivatives were finalized and manufacturing plans were solidified. Near-term cost improvement
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efforts will focus on efficiency gains within our manufacturing process and execution of sourcing strategies.
Our supply agreement for the B787 program (the "B787 Supply Agreement") provides that initial prices for the B787-9 and B787-10 are to be determined by a procedure set out in the B787 Supply Agreement, and to be documented by amendment once that amendment has been agreed to by the parties. As part of the November 2014 MOA, Boeing and Spirit established interim prices for certain B787 shipsets, and the parties agreed to negotiate future rate increases, recurring prices, and other issues across multiple programs during 2015. Since we were unable to reach agreement with Boeing on these issues by the end of 2015, once the parties agree upon appropriate pricing for the B787-9, Boeing will be entitled to a retroactive adjustment on certain B787 payments which were based on the interim pricing. The amount we received that is subject to a retroactive adjustment was recorded as deferred revenue, and was never recognized by us as revenue. We are engaged in discussions with Boeing concerning how to determine the subsequent B787-9 and initial B787-10 prices, and have not yet reached agreement. Our ability to successfully negotiate fair and equitable prices for these models as well as overall B787 delivery volumes and rate investments and our ability to achieve forecasted cost improvements on all B787 models are key factors in achieving the projected financial performance for this program.
For B787-9 deliveries in our first B787 contract block, we have applied the appropriate accounting guidance for unpriced change orders in estimating revenues which will be updated in the quarter in which final pricing is negotiated. Pending final price negotiations, we have estimated revenue for B787-9 deliveries to include assumptions around design changes from the contract configuration baseline for each B787 model.
Boeing Legacy Programs
On April 8, 2014, we entered into a Memorandum of Agreement with Boeing that established pricing terms for the B737, B747, B767 and B777 programs for the period commencing on April 1, 2014 and ending on December 31, 2015, under the Company's long-term supply contract with Boeing covering products for such programs. The new pricing terms were not applied to the period prior to April 1, 2014. The new prices do not apply to the 737 MAX, for which recurring pricing has not yet been agreed. Since the parties have been unable to agree upon pricing on the B737, B747, B767 and B777 platforms for the periods beyond 2015, an interim payment mechanism has been triggered for deliveries under the Supply Agreement commencing January 1, 2016. This interim payment mechanism is based upon existing prices, adjusted using a quantity-based price adjustment formula and specified annual escalation. The interim payment mechanism is subject to adjustment when follow-on pricing is agreed upon. Prices for commercial derivative models are to be negotiated in good faith by the parties based on then-prevailing market conditions. If the parties cannot agree on price, then they must engage in dispute resolution pursuant to agreed-upon procedures.
Program Inventory
Program inventory as a percentage of total assets was 31%, 34% and 36% at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The change in inventory in 2015 was primarily due to a decline in inventory for the Boeing B787 program driven by the amortization of capitalized pre-production, partially offset by an increase in inventory for the A350XWB program, primarily driven by an increase in deferred production. Under percentage-of-completion method of contract accounting, investments in new and maturing contracts, including contractual pre-production costs and recurring production costs in excess of the projected average cost to manufacture all units in the contract block, initially accumulate in inventory for the related contract. Typically once production has reached a point where the cost to produce a shipset falls below such projected average cost, the inventory balance for such program begins to decrease. Deferred inventory costs are evaluated for recoverability through their inclusion in the total costs used in the calculation of each contract block's estimated profit margin. When the estimated total contract block costs exceed total estimated contract block revenues, a forward loss is recorded and an inventory reserve is established.
Divestiture of Gulfstream G280 and G650 Work Packages
In December 2014, we entered into an agreement to transfer the Gulfstream G280 and G650 wing work packages at our Oklahoma facilities to Triumph. Spirit paid Triumph $160.0 million in cash at closing of the transaction, which occurred on December 30, 2014. We continue to supply certain parts and services to Triumph under a supply agreement entered into in connection with the transaction.
Basis of Presentation
The financial statements include Spirit's financial statements and the financial statements of its majority-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Investments in business entities in which we do not have control, but have the ability to exercise influence over operating and financial policies, are accounted for by the equity method. Our joint venture, Taikoo Spirit AeroSystems Composite Co. Ltd. ("TSACCL") is accounted for by this method. Kansas Industrial Energy Supply Company ("KIESC"), a tenancy-in-common with other Wichita companies established to purchase natural gas, is fully consolidated as Spirit owns 77.8% of the entity's equity. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company's U.K. subsidiary uses local currency, the British pound,
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as its functional currency; the Malaysian subsidiary uses the British pound and our Singapore subsidiary uses the Singapore dollar. All other foreign subsidiaries and branches use the U.S. dollar as their functional currency.
As part of the monthly consolidation process, the functional currency is translated to U.S. dollars using the end-of-month currency translation rate for balance sheet accounts and average period currency translation rates for revenue and income accounts as defined by FASB authoritative guidance on foreign currency translation.
Critical Accounting Policies
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to inventory, income taxes, financing obligations, warranties, pensions and other post-retirement benefits and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Management believes that the quality and reasonableness of our most critical policies enable the fair presentation of our financial position and results of operations. However, the sensitivity of financial statements to these methods, assumptions and estimates could create materially different results under different conditions or using different assumptions.
The following are our most critical accounting policies, which are those that require management's most subjective and complex judgments, requiring the use of estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Company's financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to use estimates and assumptions. The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments which may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, including the impacts of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.
Provisions for estimated expenses related to service and product warranties and certain extraordinary rework are made at the time products are sold. These costs are accrued at the time of the sale and are recorded to unallocated cost of goods sold. These estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims, including the experience of industry peers. In the case of new development products or new customers, Spirit considers other factors including the experience of other entities in the same business and management judgment, among others.
Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.
Revenues and Profit Recognition
A significant portion of the Company's revenues are recognized under long-term, volume-based pricing contracts, requiring delivery of products over several years. The Company recognizes revenue under the contract method of accounting and records sales and profits on each contract in accordance with the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, primarily using the units-of-delivery method. The units-of-delivery method recognizes revenue based upon the number of units delivered during a period based upon contract price, as under this method expenditures are recognized as the cost allocable to the delivered units. Costs allocable to undelivered units are reported in the balance sheet as inventory. The method is used in circumstances in which an entity produces units of a basic product under production-type contracts in a continuous or sequential production process to buyers' specifications. Recurring long-term production contracts are usually divided into contract blocks for this purpose, with each block treated as a separate contract for "units-of-delivery" production-type contract accounting purposes.
The total quantity of production units to be delivered under a contract may be set as a single contract accounting block, or it can be split into multiple blocks. Unless the life of the contract is so long that it prevents reliable estimates, the entire contract will typically be set as the contract accounting block quantity. "Life-of-program" or "requirements-based" contracts often lead to continuing sales of more than twenty years. Since this is much longer than can be reliably estimated, Spirit uses parameters based on the contract facts and circumstances to determine the length of the contract block. This analysis includes: considering the customer's firm orders, internal assessment of the market, reliability of cost estimates, potential segmentation of non-recurring elements of the contract, and other factors. Contract block sizes may also be determined based on certain contractual terms such as pricing renegotiation dates, such that certain contract blocks may use an approximate date instead of a defined unit quantity in order to increase the ability to estimate accurately given that the renegotiated pricing is unknown for the planning block. Shorter
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contract blocks for mature, ongoing programs are common due to the presence of recent cost history and probable forecast accuracy. Initial contract blocks often require a longer time period and a greater number of units in order to take into account the higher cost of early units due to a steeper experience curve and pre-production design costs. As these programs mature, costs stabilize and efficiencies are realized, subsequent contract block length shortens to take into account the steady state of the continuing production.
Revenues from non-recurring design work are recognized based on substantive milestones or use of the cost-to-cost method, that are indicative of our progress toward completion depending on facts and circumstances. We follow the requirements of Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") authoritative guidance on accounting for the performance of construction-type and certain production-type contracts (the contract method of accounting), and uses the cumulative catch-up method in accounting for revisions in estimates. Under the cumulative catch-up method, the impacts of revisions in estimates are recognized immediately when changes in estimated contract profitability become known.
A profit rate is estimated based on the difference between total revenues and total costs over a contract block. Total revenues at any given time include actual historical revenues up to that time plus future estimated revenues. Total costs at any given time include actual historical costs up to that time plus future estimated costs. Estimated revenues include negotiated or expected values for units delivered, estimates of probable recoveries asserted against the customer for changes in specifications, price adjustments for contract and volume changes, escalation and assumed but currently unnegotiated price increases for derivative models. Costs include the estimated cost of certain pre-production efforts (including non-recurring engineering and planning subsequent to completion of final design) plus the estimated cost of manufacturing a specified number of production units. Estimates take into account assumptions related to future labor performance and rates, and projections related to material and overhead costs including expected "learning curve" cost reductions over the term of the contract. Estimated revenues and costs also take into account the expected impact of specific contingencies that we believe are probable.
Estimates of revenues and costs for our contract blocks span a period of multiple years and are based on a substantial number of underlying assumptions. We believe that the underlying assumptions are sufficiently reliable to provide a reasonable estimate of the profit to be generated. However, due to the significant length of time over which revenue streams will be generated, the variability of the revenue and cost streams can be significant if the assumptions change. Estimates of profit margins for contract accounting blocks are typically reviewed at least annually or at an earlier point if evidence suggests a change in margin may be necessary. Assuming the initial estimates of sales and costs under the contract block are accurate, the percentage-of-completion method results in the profit margin being recorded evenly as revenue is recognized under the contract block. Changes in these underlying estimates due to revisions in sales and cost estimates may result in profit margins being recognized unevenly over a contract block as such changes are accounted for on a cumulative basis in the period estimates are revised, which we refer to as cumulative catch-up adjustments. The Company's estimate at completion estimating process is not solely an accounting process, but is instead an integrated part of the management of our business, involving numerous personnel in our planning, production control, contracts, cost management, supply chain and program and business management functions.
For revenues not recognized under the contract method of accounting, the Company recognizes revenues from the sale of products at the point of passage of title, which is generally at the time of shipment. Shipping and handling costs are included in cost of sales. Revenues earned from providing maintenance services, including any contracted research and development, are recognized when the service is complete or other contractual milestones are attained. Revenues from non-recurring design work are recognized based on substantive milestones that are indicative of our progress toward completion.
A significant portion of the Company's future revenues is expected to be derived from new or maturing programs. There are several risks inherent to such programs. In the design and engineering phase, we may incur costs in excess of our forecasts due to several factors, including cost overruns, customer directed change orders and delays in the overall program. We may also incur higher than expected recurring production costs, which may be caused by a variety of factors, including the future impact of engineering changes (or other change orders) or our inability to secure contracts with our suppliers at projected cost levels. Our ability to recover these excess costs from the customer will depend on several factors, including our rights under our contracts for such programs. In determining our profits and losses in accordance with the percentage-of-completion method of contract accounting, we are required to make significant assumptions regarding our future costs and revenues, as well as the estimated number of units to be manufactured under the contract and other variables. We continually review and update our assumptions based on market trends and our most recent experience. If we make material changes to our assumptions, such as a reduction in the estimated number of units to be produced under the contract (which could be caused by emerging market trends or other factors), an increase in future production costs or a change in the recoverability of increased design or production costs, we may experience negative cumulative catch-up adjustments related to revenues previously recognized. In some cases, we may recognize forward loss amounts. For a broader description of the various types of risks we face related to new and maturing programs, see "Risk Factors - Risk Factors Related to Our Business and Industry."
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Inventory
Raw materials are stated at lower of cost (principally on an actual or average cost basis) or market. Inventoried costs attributed to units delivered under long-term contracts are based on the estimated average cost of all units expected to be produced and are determined under the learning curve concept which anticipates a predictable decrease in unit costs. Lower unit costs are achieved as tasks and production techniques become more efficient through repetition, supply chain costs are reduced as contracts are negotiated and design changes result in lower cost. This cost averaging usually results in an increase in inventory (referred to as "excess-over-average" or "deferred production costs") during the early years of a contract. These costs are deferred only to the extent the amount of actual or expected excess-over-average is reasonably expected to be fully offset by lower-than-average costs in future periods of a contract. If in-process inventory plus estimated costs to complete a specific contract exceed the actual plus anticipated remaining sales value of such contract, such excess is charged to cost of sales in the period the loss becomes known, thus reducing inventory to estimated realizable value. Costs in inventory include amounts relating to contracts with long production cycles, some of which are not expected to be realized within one year.
The Company reviews its general stock materials and spare parts inventory each quarter to identify impaired inventory, including excess or obsolete inventory, based on historical sales trends and expected production usage. Impaired inventories are written off to work-in-process in the period identified.
Deferred production includes costs for the excess of production costs over the estimated average cost per shipset, and credit balances for favorable variances on contracts between actual costs incurred and the estimated average cost per shipset for units delivered under the current production blocks. Recovery of excess-over-average deferred production costs is dependent on the number of shipsets ultimately sold and the ultimate selling prices and lower production costs associated with future production under these contract blocks. The Company believes these amounts will be fully recovered. Sales significantly under estimates or costs significantly over estimates could result in the realization of losses on these contracts in future periods.
Provisions for anticipated losses on contract blocks are recorded in the period in which they become evident (“forward losses”) and included in inventory with any remaining amount reflected in accrued contract liabilities.
Finished goods inventory is stated at its estimated average per unit cost based on all units expected to be produced.
Capitalized pre-production costs include certain contract costs, including applicable overhead, incurred before a product is manufactured on a recurring basis. Significant statement of work changes considered not reimbursable by the customer can also cause pre-production costs to be incurred. These costs are typically recovered over a certain number of shipset deliveries. Capitalized pre-production may be amortized over multiple blocks.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance on accounting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future income tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts for existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Tax rate changes impacting these assets and liabilities are recognized in the period during which the rate change occurs.
A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. When determining the amount of net deferred tax assets that are more likely than not to be realized, we assess all available positive and negative evidence. The weight given to the positive and negative evidence is commensurate with the extent the evidence may be objectively verified.
Based on an evaluation of both the positive and negative evidence available, management determined that it was necessary to establish a valuation allowance against our net U.S. deferred tax assets in 2013. The Company had experienced significant cumulative operating losses which were a result of forward losses recorded on certain development programs. The valuation allowance was established based on our conclusion that it was more likely than not that these deferred tax assets would not be realized. The more likely than not conclusion was based primarily on the fact that our operating losses resulted in a three-year cumulative loss position, and that estimates of future taxable income at that time were difficult to reasonably predict based upon forward losses that had been recorded on development programs and the maturity of those programs. Our conclusion was that the cumulative three-year operating losses were significant negative evidence which was difficult to overcome. Given the objectively verifiable negative evidence of a three-year cumulative loss and the weighting of all available positive evidence, including objectively verifiable favorable performance on certain mature programs, we excluded projected taxable income (aside from reversing taxable temporary differences) from our assessment of income that could be used as a source of taxable income to realize our deferred tax assets.
Throughout 2014 and through the first three quarters of 2015, the Company's trends were consistently improving operating profits, no material new forward losses, generation of positive taxable income exclusive of the impact of the Gulfstream divestiture in 2014, and utilization of underlying deferred tax assets. In line with accounting guidance, the utilization of underlying deferred
45
tax assets and positive taxable income led to the reversal of a portion of the valuation allowance that was originally established in 2013.
Even though positive trends were emerging, based on continued evaluation of all available positive and negative evidence, including the continued existence of the three-year cumulative loss position through the second quarter of 2015, we believed it prudent to maintain the valuation allowance as of the second quarter of 2015.
In the third quarter of 2015, consistent with each quarter since the establishment of the valuation allowance, management performed an evaluation of all available positive and negative evidence to determine whether it was appropriate to maintain the valuation allowance in full, release a portion of the valuation allowance based upon utilization, or fully release the remaining valuation allowance. The key sources of evidence that management considered for the third quarter of 2015 are outlined below:
Positive evidence
| • | The Company generated cumulative positive U.S. profits, adjusted for permanent items, of approximately $260.0 million for the twelve quarters ended October 1, 2015. |

| • | During the quarter ended October 1, 2015, the Company exited its three-year cumulative operating loss position, which eliminated the most significantly weighted objectively verifiable negative evidence included in our deferred tax asset valuation allowance evaluation. |

| • | The Company had existing long-term life of program contracts with firm backlog of approximately $46.9 billion, a substantial portion of which relates to mature U.S. programs with demonstrated recurring performance. |

| • | The Company’s projections forecast U.S. pre-tax book income and U.S. taxable profits, adjusted for permanent items for future years. The U.S. taxable profits, adjusted for permanent items were projected to provide sufficient capacity to fully realize all remaining gross U.S. deferred tax assets. |

| • | The Company had seven consecutive quarters of sustained, demonstrated performance consistent with forecasted results, excluding the loss realized on the Gulfstream divestiture, realized no material new forward losses on development programs, and established a positive history of meeting or exceeding EPS guidance expectations. |

| • | The Company remediated its historical material weaknesses related to contract estimates at December 31, 2014, which when combined with the other positive evidence above, allowed us to reasonably rely upon future forecasts. |

Negative evidence
| • | The Company assessed various areas of risk to future operating results, including development program risks, customer/vendor claims, and the uncertainty regarding the timing and final outcome of the resolution of contractual negotiations with key customers. |

Based on an evaluation of both the positive and negative evidence available, management determined that it was appropriate to release nearly all of the remaining valuation allowance against its net U.S. deferred tax assets that remained from 2013 as of October 1, 2015. The remainder of the net U.S. deferred tax asset valuation allowance was released on December 31, 2015, which resulted in a total decrease of $241.9 million in 2015.
Additionally, the Company maintains a $14.4 million valuation allowance against separate company state income tax credits and other U.S. issues and $0.7 million for other foreign issues which is a decrease of $1.7 million from the prior year.
We record an income tax expense or benefit based on the net income earned or net loss incurred in each tax jurisdiction and the tax rate applicable to that income or loss. In the ordinary course of business, there are transactions for which the ultimate tax outcome is uncertain. These uncertainties are accounted for in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance on accounting for the uncertainty in income taxes. The final tax outcome for these matters may be different than management's original estimates made in determining the income tax provision. A change to these estimates could impact the effective tax rate and net income or loss in subsequent periods. We use the flow-through accounting method for tax credits. Under this method, tax credits reduce income tax expense.
Pensions and Other Post-Retirement Benefits
We account for pensions and other post-retirement benefits in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance on employers' accounting for pensions, post-retirement benefits other than pensions, defined benefit pension and other post-retirement plans (See Note 13, "Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits," for additional detail on these plans).
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Assumptions used in determining the benefit obligations and the annual expense for our pension and post-retirement benefits other than pensions are evaluated and established in conjunction with an independent actuary.
We set the discount rate assumption annually for each of our retirement-related benefit plans as of the measurement date, based on a review of projected cash flows and long-term high-quality corporate bond yield curves. The discount rate determined on each measurement date is used to calculate the benefit obligation as of that date, and is also used to calculate the net periodic benefit expense/(income) for the upcoming plan year.
We derive assumed expected rate of return on pension assets from the long-term expected returns based on the investment allocation by class specified in our investment policy. The expected return on plan assets determined on each measurement date is used to calculate the net periodic benefit expense/(income) for the upcoming plan year.
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the post-retirement health care plans. To determine the health care cost trend rates, we consider national health trends and adjust for our specific plan designs and locations.
Stock-Based Compensation and Other Share-Based Payments
Many of the Company's employees are participants in various stock compensation plans. The Company accounts for stock option plans, restricted share plans and other stock-based payments in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance pertaining to share-based payment. The expense attributable to the Company's employees is recognized over the period the amounts are earned and vested, as described in Note 15, "Stock Compensation."
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets and Goodwill
Spirit reviews capital and amortizing intangible assets (long-lived assets) for impairment on an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Assets must be classified as either held-for-use or available-for-sale. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount of an asset that is held for use exceeds the projected undiscounted future net cash flows expected from its use and disposal, and is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value, which is measured by discounted cash flows when quoted market prices are not available. For assets available-for-sale, an impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount exceeds the fair value less cost to sell. The Company performs an annual impairment test for goodwill in the fourth quarter of each year, in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance pertaining to goodwill and other intangible assets, or more frequently, if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce fair value below current value.
New Accounting Standards
For a listing of new accounting standards see Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - New Accounting Standards."
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain of our operating data:
| Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31, 2015(1) | December 31, 2014(1)(2) | December 31, 2013(2) |
| ($ in millions) |
| Net revenues | $ | 6,643.9 | $ | 6,799.2 | $ | 5,961.0 |
| Cost of sales | 5,532.3 | 5,711.0 | 6,059.5 |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 220.8 | 233.8 | 200.8 |
| Impact from severe weather event | — | — | 30.3 |
| Research and development | 27.8 | 29.3 | 34.7 |
| Loss on divestiture of programs (see Note 26) | — | 471.1 | — |
| Operating income (loss) | 863.0 | 354.0 | (364.3 | ) |
| Interest expense and financing fee amortization | (52.7 | ) | (88.1 | ) | (70.1 | ) |
| Other (expense) income, net | (2.2 | ) | (3.5 | ) | 3.6 |
| Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in net income (loss) of affiliate | 808.1 | 262.4 | (430.8 | ) |
| Income tax (provision) benefit | (20.6 | ) | 95.9 | (191.1 | ) |
| Income (loss) before equity in net income of affiliate | 787.5 | 358.3 | (621.9 | ) |
| Equity in net income of affiliate | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 788.7 | $ | 358.8 | $ | (621.4 | ) |

_______________________________________
| (1) | See "Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2015 as Compared to Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014" for detailed discussion of operating data. |

| (2) | See "Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014 as Compared to Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2013" for detailed discussion of operating data. |

Comparative shipset deliveries by model are as follows:
| Twelve Months Ended |
| Model | December 31,2015 | December 31,2014 | December 31,2013 |
| B737 | 502 | 493 | 442 |
| B747 | 15 | 18 | 19 |
| B767 | 18 | 14 | 15 |
| B777 | 102 | 99 | 99 |
| B787 | 126 | 118 | 65 |
| Total Boeing | 763 | 742 | 640 |
| A320 Family(1) | 494 | 505 | 506 |
| A330/340(2) | 77 | 113 | 113 |
| A350 | 37 | 16 | 8 |
| A380 | 24 | 29 | 34 |
| Total Airbus | 632 | 663 | 661 |
| Business/Regional Jets(3) | 62 | 140 | 97 |
| Total | 1,457 | 1,545 | 1,398 |

_______________________________________
| (1) | 2013 A320 deliveries have been updated for the purpose of measuring wing shipset deliveries, from weighted average to total shipset. |

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| (2) | Airbus publicly announced reduction in A330 production rate. |

| (3) | In December 2014, Spirit divested the Gulfstream G280 and G650 wing work packages to Triumph. |

For purposes of measuring production or shipset deliveries for Boeing aircraft in a given period, the term "shipset" refers to sets of structural fuselage components produced or delivered for one aircraft in such period. For purposes of measuring production or shipset deliveries for Airbus and Business/Regional Jet aircraft in a given period, the term "shipset" refers to all structural aircraft components produced or delivered for one aircraft in such period. For the purposes of measuring wing shipset deliveries, the term "shipset" refers to all wing components produced or delivered for one aircraft in such period. Other components which are part of the same aircraft shipsets could be produced or shipped in earlier or later accounting periods than the components used to measure production or shipset deliveries, which may result in slight variations in production or delivery quantities of the various shipset components in any given period.
Net revenues by prime customer are as follows:
| Twelve Months Ended |
| Prime Customer | December 31,2015 | December 31,2014 | December 31,2013 |
| Boeing | $ | 5,596.6 | $ | 5,619.9 | $ | 5,022.6 |
| Airbus | 760.5 | 710.4 | 595.1 |
| Other(1) | 286.8 | 468.9 | 343.3 |
| Total net revenues | $ | 6,643.9 | $ | 6,799.2 | $ | 5,961.0 |

_______________________________________
| (1) | In December 2014, Spirit divested the Gulfstream G280 and G650 wing work packages to Triumph. |

Changes in Estimates
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, we recognized total changes in estimates of $52.4 million which includes favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments related to periods prior to 2015 of $41.6 million and favorable changes in estimates on loss programs of $10.8 million, net of forward loss charges of $6.9 million. Favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments for the periods prior to 2015 and changes in estimates on loss programs were primarily driven by productivity and efficiency improvements, favorable cost performance, mitigation of risk, benefits from increased production rates related to the absorption of fixed costs and favorable pricing negotiations on a maturing program. Forward loss charges were due to a production rate decrease on a mature program.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, we recognized total changes in estimates of $86.5 million which includes favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments related to periods prior to 2014 of $60.4 million and favorable changes in estimates on loss programs of $26.1 million, net of forward loss charges of $1.2 million. Favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments for the periods prior to 2014 and changes in estimates on loss programs were primarily driven by productivity and efficiency improvements, favorable cost performance, mitigation of risk, benefits from increased production rates related to the absorption of fixed costs, increased statement of work on mature programs and favorable pricing negotiations on a maturing program.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, we recognized total changes in estimates of ($1,037.8) million which includes $95.5 million of favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments related to periods prior to 2013 primarily driven by productivity and efficiency improvements and favorable cost performance on mature programs, offset by $1,133.3 million of forward loss charges on several programs. We recorded a forward loss charge of $422.0 million on the B787 program primarily due to revised cost estimates to reflect the Company's evaluation of near-term achievable cost reductions and continued deterioration in labor performance at the Tulsa facility related to the transition to the B787-9 derivative. Additionally, $529.2 million of forward losses were recorded on the wing Other Platforms primarily due to continued deterioration in labor performance at the Tulsa facility, underperformance with respect to supply chain cost reduction and settlement of contractual items on the Gulfstream wing programs. Further, $111.3 million of forward losses were recorded on the A350 XWB wing program due to production inefficiencies mostly driven by early development discovery and engineering change to the aircraft design, higher than expected test and transportation costs and the execution of an agreement with Airbus in 2013 regarding the work scope for the design and tooling related to the -1000 derivative.
The Company is currently working on several new and maturing programs which are in various stages of development, including the B787, A350 XWB and BR725 programs. These programs carry risks associated with design responsibility, development of production tooling, production inefficiencies during the initial phases of production, hiring and training of qualified
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personnel, increased capital and funding commitments, supplier performance, delivery schedules and unique customer requirements. The Company has previously recorded forward loss charges on these programs. If the risks related to these programs are not mitigated, then the Company could record additional forward loss charges.
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2015 as Compared to Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014
Net Revenues. Net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 were $6,643.9 million, a decrease of $155.3 million, or 2%, compared with net revenues of $6,799.2 million for the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to $407.2 million of lower net revenues resulting from the divestiture of the Gulfstream G280 and G650 wing work packages in December 2014, lower net revenues recognized on the B787 program in accordance with pricing terms under the B787 Supply Agreement, lower net revenues on the A320 program primarily due to unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and lower Global Customer Support and Services activity. These decreases were partially offset by $230.6 million of higher net revenues on the A350 XWB and B737 programs due to higher production deliveries. Approximately 95% of Spirit’s net revenues in 2015 came from our two largest customers, Boeing and Airbus.
Deliveries to Boeing increased by 3% to 763 shipsets during 2015, compared to 742 shipsets delivered in the prior year primarily due to higher production of the B737 and B777. Deliveries to Airbus decreased by 5% to 632 shipsets during 2015, compared to 663 shipsets delivered in the prior year, primarily driven by Airbus' reduction of the A330 production rate and fewer deliveries of the A320 due to timing of customer demands, offset by higher production of the A350 XWB. Production deliveries of business/regional jet wing and wing components decreased by 56% to 62 shipsets during 2015, compared to 140 shipsets delivered in the prior year primarily due to the divestiture of the G280 and G650 wing work packages in December 2014. In total, shipset deliveries decreased 6% to 1,457 shipsets in 2015 compared to 1,545 shipsets in 2014.
Cost of Sales. Cost of sales as a percentage of net revenues was 83% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, as compared to 84% in the prior year. The slight decrease in cost of sales as a percentage of net revenues was primarily driven by favorable labor and material cost performance on mature programs, including a favorable impact of fixed overhead absorption as a result of higher production rates as well as favorable supply chain initiatives. In 2015, we recorded $41.6 million of favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments related to periods prior to 2015, primarily driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs, as well as $10.8 million of net favorable changes in estimates on loss programs. In 2014, we recorded $60.4 million of favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments related to periods prior to 2014 and $26.1 million of net favorable changes in estimates on loss programs, partially offset by a $6.0 million charge related to reduction in workforce activities.
SG&A and Research and Development. SG&A expense was $13.0 million lower for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, as compared to the same period in the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to lower consulting and legal fees incurred during 2015. Additionally, in 2014 we had a higher write-off of uncollectible accounts receivable compared to 2015. Research and development expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 was $1.5 million lower compared to the same period in the prior year.
Operating Income. Operating income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 was $863.0 million, which was $509.0 million higher than operating income of $354.0 million for the prior year.
Interest Expense and Financing Fee Amortization. Interest expense and financing fee amortization for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 includes $45.8 million of interest and fees paid or accrued in connection with long-term debt and $6.9 million in amortization of deferred financing costs and original issue discount, compared to $64.8 million of interest and fees paid or accrued in connection with long-term debt and $23.3 million in amortization of deferred financing costs and original issue discount for the prior year. As a result of Amendment No. 5 to our senior secured credit facility, interest expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 includes lower interest expense on our term loan compared to the same period in the prior year. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, we recognized a charge of $22.3 million for the write-down of deferred financing costs, original issue discount, third party fees and the call premium resulting from the financing activities undertaken during 2014, which included Amendment No. 3 to our senior secured credit facility and the redemption of our 2017 Notes using proceeds from the issuance of our 2022 Notes.
Other Expense, net. Other expense, net for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 was $2.2 million, as compared to $3.5 million for the same period in the prior year. Other expense during 2015 was primarily driven by foreign exchange rate gains and losses as the British Pound value fluctuated against the U.S. Dollar, partially offset by income from our Kansas Development Finance Authority (KFDA) bonds. We recognized foreign currency losses on an intercompany revolver and long-term contractual rights and obligations, as well as trade and intercompany receivables and payables which are denominated in a currency other than the entity's functional currency.
Provision for Income Taxes. The income tax provision for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, was $20.6 million compared to ($95.9) million for the prior year. The 2015 effective tax rate was 2.6% as compared to (36.5%) for 2014. The difference in the effective tax rate recorded for 2015 as compared to 2014 is primarily related to a higher valuation allowance
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release in 2015. Additionally, the effect of lower tax reserves, higher U.S. pre-tax income in 2015 and the effect it has on various credits and other permanent tax items contributed to the year over year effective tax rate difference. The decrease from the U.S. statutory tax rate is primarily attributable to the release of the net U.S. deferred tax asset valuation allowance, domestic production activities deduction and foreign rates less than U.S.
Segments. The following table shows segment revenues and operating income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
| Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31,2015 | December 31,2014 | December 31,2013 |
| ($ in millions) |
| Segment Revenues |
| Fuselage Systems | $ | 3,447.0 | $ | 3,354.9 | $ | 2,861.1 |
| Propulsion Systems | 1,750.7 | 1,737.2 | 1,581.3 |
| Wing Systems | 1,437.7 | 1,695.9 | 1,502.5 |
| All Other | 8.5 | 11.2 | 16.1 |
| $ | 6,643.9 | $ | 6,799.2 | $ | 5,961.0 |
| Segment Operating Income (Loss)(1) |
| Fuselage Systems | $ | 607.3 | $ | 557.3 | $ | 89.6 |
| Propulsion Systems | 378.2 | 354.9 | 249.5 |
| Wing Systems | 178.5 | 244.6 | (402.1 | ) |
| All Other | 1.3 | 3.4 | 4.4 |
| 1,165.3 | 1,160.2 | (58.6 | ) |
| Corporate SG&A(2) | (220.8 | ) | (233.8 | ) | (200.8 | ) |
| Unallocated impact from severe weather event | — | — | (30.3 | ) |
| Research and development(3) | (27.8 | ) | (29.3 | ) | (34.7 | ) |
| Unallocated cost of sales(4) | (53.7 | ) | (72.0 | ) | (39.9 | ) |
| Loss on divestiture of programs (see Note 26) | — | (471.1 | ) | — |
| Total operating income (loss) | $ | 863.0 | $ | 354.0 | $ | (364.3 | ) |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Inclusive of forward losses, changes in estimates on loss programs and cumulative catch-up adjustments. These changes in estimates for the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are further detailed in the segment discussions below and in Note 3, "Changes in Estimates." |

| (2) | For 2013, corporate SG&A charges of $6.8 million, $5.6 million and $6.9 million were reclassified from segment operating income for Fuselage, Propulsion, and Wing Systems, respectively, to conform to current year presentation. |

| (3) | For 2013, research and development charges of $12.7 million, $8.1 million and $5.0 million were reclassified from segment operating income for Fuselage, Propulsion and Wing Systems, respectively, to conform to current year presentation. |

| (4) | For 2015, includes charges of $40.7 million, $0.8 million, and $6.4 million related to warranty reserve, reduction in workforce and unallocated inventory write-offs, respectively. For 2014, includes charges of $52.7 million, $6.0 million, and $10.3 million related to warranty reserve, reduction in workforce and unallocated inventory write-offs, respectively. In 2013, includes charges of $38.1 million, $17.8 million, and $1.6 million related to warranty reserve adjustments, reduction in workforce and early retirement incentives, respectively, as well as gains related to pension activity of $15.4 million. |

Fuselage Systems, Propulsion Systems, Wing Systems and All Other represented approximately 52%, 26%, 22% and less than 1%, respectively, of our net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015.
Fuselage Systems. Fuselage Systems segment net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 were $3,447.0 million, an increase of $92.1 million, or 3%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in net revenues was primarily due to higher production deliveries on the A350 XWB and B737 programs and higher non-recurring net revenues on several Boeing programs, partially offset by lower net revenues recognized on the B787 program, lower non-recurring revenues recognized on the A350 XWB program and resolution of historical non-conformance claims, which was treated as contra-revenue.
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Fuselage Systems segment operating margins were 18% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, compared to 17% for the same period in the prior year, with the increase primarily driven by favorable labor and material cost performance on mature programs, including a favorable impact of fixed overhead absorption as a result of higher production rates. In 2015, the segment recorded favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $16.1 million driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs and favorable supply chain initiatives, as well as $8.7 million of favorable changes in estimates on loss programs, partially offset by the resolution of historical customer and supplier claims. In comparison, during 2014, the segment recorded favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $14.8 million driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs, as well as $9.9 million of favorable changes in estimates on loss programs.
Propulsion Systems. Propulsion Systems segment net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 were $1,750.7 million, an increase of $13.5 million, or 1%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in net revenues was primarily due to higher production deliveries on the B737 and BR725 programs, partially offset by lower non-recurring net revenues and lower Global Customer Support and Services sales. Propulsion Systems segment operating margins were 22% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, compared to 20% for the same period in the prior year, primarily driven by favorable labor and material cost performance on mature programs, including a favorable impact of fixed overhead absorption as a result of higher production rates. In 2015, the segment recorded favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $22.8 million driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs, as well as favorable changes in estimates on loss programs of $2.4 million. In comparison, during 2014, the segment recorded favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $18.8 million driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs, as well as $16.5 million of favorable changes in estimates on loss programs.
Wing Systems. Wing Systems segment net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 were $1,437.7 million, a decrease of $258.2 million, or 15%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The decrease in net revenues was primarily due to the divestiture of the G280 and G650 wing work packages in December 2014, lower net revenues on the A320 program primarily due to unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and lower net revenues on the B787 and B777 programs, partially offset by higher production deliveries on the A350 XWB program and sales of wing kits to Triumph under the supply agreement entered into in connection with the divestiture of the G280 and G650 wing work packages in December 2014. Wing Systems segment operating margins were 12% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, compared to 14% for the same period in the prior year. In 2015, the segment recorded favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $2.7 million offset by net forward loss charges of $0.3 million. In 2014, the segment recorded favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $26.8 million driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs, partially offset by forward loss charges of $0.3 million.
All Other. All Other segment net revenues consist of sundry sales of miscellaneous services, tooling contracts and natural gas revenues from KIESC. In the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, All Other segment net revenues were $8.5 million, a decrease of $2.7 million compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to lower sundry sales. The All Other segment recorded 15% operating margins for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015.
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014 as Compared to Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2013
Net Revenues. Net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 were $6,799.2 million, an increase of $838.2 million, or 14%, compared with net revenues of $5,961.0 million for the prior year. The increase in net revenues in 2014 was primarily due to $764.7 million of higher production volume driven by customer delivery schedules, partially offset by lower deliveries on the B747 and B767 programs. Non-recurring revenue was higher by $49.9 million primarily due to increased design and development activities on the B737 MAX, A350 XWB and Sikorsky CH-53K programs, partially offset by a decrease in design and development activities on Boeing twin aisle and C-Series programs. Net revenues from aftermarket were also higher by $28.6 million primarily driven by increased spares orders. Approximately 93% of Spirit's net revenues for 2014 came from our two largest customers, Boeing and Airbus.
Deliveries to Boeing increased by 16% to 742 shipsets during 2014 primarily driven by higher production rates on certain Boeing models, as compared to 640 shipsets delivered in the prior year. Deliveries to Airbus slightly increased to 663 shipsets during 2014 as compared to 661 shipsets delivered in the prior year, primarily driven by customer delivery schedules. In total, shipset deliveries increased 11% to 1,545 shipsets in 2014 compared to 1,398 shipsets in 2013.
Cost of Sales. Cost of sales as a percentage of net revenues was 84% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, as compared to 102% in the prior year. In 2014 we recorded $60.4 million in favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments related to periods prior to 2014, primarily driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs. Cost of sales for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 also takes into account $26.1 million of favorable changes in estimates on loss programs, partially offset by a $6.0 million charge related to reduction in workforce activities. In comparison, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2013 we recorded forward loss charges of $1,133.3 million and a $17.8 million charge related to reduction in workforce activities. These charges were partially offset by a favorable $95.5 million cumulative catch-up adjustment related to
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periods prior to 2013 driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs as well as a pension related gain of $17.2 million due to gains on curtailment and special termination benefits.
SG&A and Research and Development. SG&A expense was $33.0 million higher for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase was primarily due to write-off of uncollectible accounts receivable and increases in incentive plan accruals and consulting costs. Research and development expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 was $5.4 million lower for 2014, compared to 2013 primarily due to fewer internal projects underway.
Impact from Severe Weather Event. Expenditures associated with Impact from Severe Weather Event concluded in 2013, therefore we recorded zero costs related to the April 14, 2012 severe weather event during 2014. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, we recorded $30.3 million of incremental costs associated with property repairs, clean up and recovery costs related to the April 14, 2012 severe weather event.
Operating Income (Loss). Operating income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 was $354.0 million, which was $718.3 million higher than operating loss of $364.3 million for the prior year. The increase in operating income was primarily driven by the absence of charges similar in nature to those recorded in 2013, which are discussed above, in addition to productivity and efficiency improvements, favorable cost performance, mitigation of risk, benefits from increased production rates related to the absorption of fixed costs, increased statement of work on mature programs and favorable pricing negotiations on a maturing program. Operating income in 2014 was favorably impacted by changes in estimates on loss programs of $26.1 million and a $60.4 million favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments related to periods prior to 2014. These favorable items were offset by a $471.1 million loss on divestiture of programs.
Interest Expense and Financing Fee Amortization. Interest expense and financing fee amortization for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 includes $64.8 million of interest and fees paid or accrued in connection with long-term debt and $23.3 million in amortization of deferred financing costs, as compared to $63.4 million of interest and fees paid or accrued in connection with long-term debt and $6.7 million in amortization of deferred financing costs in the prior year. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, we recognized a charge of $19.6 million for write-down of deferred financing costs, original issue discount, and third party fees resulting from the financing activity announced during the first quarter of 2014 which included Amendment No. 3 to our senior secured credit facility and redemption of our 2017 Notes using proceeds from the issuance of our 2022 Notes. Additionally, we incurred a charge of $2.7 million for the call premium resulting from the May 1, 2014 call for redemption of the remaining 2017 Notes outstanding. Amortization of deferred financing costs also increased due to amortization of the costs associated with Amendment No. 3 and Amendment No. 4 to our senior secured Credit Agreement entered into on March 18, 2014 and June 3, 2014, respectively.
Interest Income. Interest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 was $0.6 million compared to $0.3 million for the same period in the prior year.
Other (Expense) Income, net. Other (expense) income, net for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 was net expense of $4.1 million, compared to income of $3.3 million for the same period in the prior year. Other expense was primarily driven by foreign exchange rate fluctuations as the British Pound weakened against the U.S. Dollar. We recognized foreign currency losses on an intercompany revolver and long-term contractual rights and obligations, as well as trade and intercompany receivables and payables which are denominated in a currency other than the entity's functional currency, offset by $3.3 million of income from our Kansas Development Finance Authority ("KDFA") bonds during the twelve months ended December 31, 2014.
Provision for Income Taxes. The income tax provision for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, was ($95.9) million compared to $191.1 million for the prior year. The 2014 effective tax rate was (36.5%) as compared to (44.4%) for 2013. The difference in the effective tax rate recorded for 2014 as compared to 2013 is primarily related to release of a substantial amount of deferred tax valuation allowance for the underlying deferred tax assets for the respective Gulfstream programs which were utilized once the transaction was closed, decreased losses in the U.S., the Malaysia tax reserve release, and the extension of the U.S. Research Tax Credit on December 19, 2014. The decrease from the U.S. statutory tax rate is primarily attributable to the same factors.
Fuselage Systems. Fuselage Systems segment net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 were $3,354.9 million, an increase of $493.8 million, or 17%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in net revenues was primarily due to increased production rates on several Boeing models including the B737 and B787, and the A350 XWB program as well as higher net revenues for non-recurring design and development activities on the A350 XWB, Sikorsky CH-53K and Bell V280 programs. These increases were partially offset by fewer deliveries of the B747 and B767 models and lower net revenues for non-recurring design and development activities on the B787 and B767 non-recurring programs. Fuselage Systems posted segment operating margins of 17% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 compared to 3% for the same period in the prior year. During 2014, the segment recorded favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $14.8 million driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs and net favorable changes in estimates on loss programs of $9.9 million. In
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comparison, during 2013, the segment recognized forward loss charges of $489.6 million, partially offset by favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $60.1 million related to periods prior to 2013 driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs.
Propulsion Systems. Propulsion Systems segment net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 were $1,737.2 million, an increase of $155.9 million, or 10%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in net revenues was primarily due to higher production rates on several Boeing models, including the B737 and B787, partially offset by fewer deliveries of the B747 and B767 models. In addition, the Propulsion Systems segment posted higher non-recurring net revenues for the B737 MAX and B787 non-recurring programs and higher aftermarket sales. Propulsion Systems posted segment operating margins of 20% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, up from 16% segment operating margins for the same period in the prior year. In 2014, the segment recorded favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $18.8 million driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs and favorable changes in estimates on loss programs of $16.5 million. In comparison, during 2013, the segment recorded forward loss charges of $56.2 million. These charges were partially offset by favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments related to periods prior to 2013 of $30.0 million driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs.
Wing Systems. Wing Systems segment net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 were $1,695.9 million, an increase of $193.4 million, or 13%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase in net revenues was primarily due to higher production rates on several Boeing and Airbus programs, partially offset by lower non-recurring revenue. In addition, the Wing Systems segment posted higher revenues on Gulfstream programs. Wing Systems posted segment operating margins of 14% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, up from segment operating margins of (27)% for the same period in the prior year, excluding the loss from divestiture of the Gulfstream programs. In 2014, the segment recorded favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $26.8 million driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs, partially offset by a forward loss of $0.3 million. In comparison, during 2013, the segment recorded forward loss charges of $587.5 million partially offset by favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $5.4 million for periods prior to 2013 driven by productivity and efficiency improvements on mature programs.
All Other. All Other segment net revenues consist of sundry sales of miscellaneous services, tooling contracts and revenues from KIESC. In the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, All Other segment net revenues were $11.2 million, a decrease of $4.9 million, as compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to lower tooling sales. The All Other segment recorded 30% operating margins for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, up from segment operating margins of 27% for the same period in the prior year driven by increased profitability on miscellaneous services.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The primary sources of our liquidity include cash on hand, cash flow from operations, which includes receivables from customers and borrowings available under our revolving credit facility. Additionally, we may receive advance payments from customers and proceeds from asset sales. Our liquidity requirements are driven by our long-cycle business model. Our business model is comprised of four to six year non-recurring investment periods, which include design and development efforts, followed by recurring production, in most cases, through the life of the contract, which could extend beyond twenty years. The non-recurring investment periods require significant outflows of cash as we design the product, build tooling, purchase equipment and build initial production inventories. These activities could be funded partially through customer advances and milestone payments, which are offset against revenue as production units are delivered in the case of customer advances, or recognized as revenue as milestones are achieved in the case of milestone payments. The remaining funds needed to support non-recurring programs come from predictable cash inflows from our mature programs that are in the recurring phase of the production cycle. The non-recurring investment period typically ends concurrently with initial deliveries of completed aircraft by our customers, which indicates that a program has entered into the recurring production phase. When a program reaches steady recurring production, it typically results in long-term generation of cash from operations. As part of our business model, we have continuously added new non-recurring programs, which are supported by mature programs that are in the steady recurring phase of the production cycle to promote growth.
In July 2015, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $350.0 million of the Company's common stock by December 31, 2017. During 2015, we repurchased 5.7 million shares of our class A common stock for $300.0 million and in January 2016, we repurchased an additional 1.0 million shares of our common stock, utilizing the remaining $50.0 million authorized by the Board of Directors for repurchase. On January 27, 2016, our Board of Directors authorized an additional share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $600.0 million of the Company's common stock. Repurchases may be made intermittently through December 31, 2017.
As of December 31, 2015, we had $957.3 million of cash and cash equivalents on the balance sheet and $650.0 million of available borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility. We had no outstanding balances under our revolving credit facility
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at the end of 2015. Based on our planned levels of operations and our strong liquidity position, we currently expect that our cash on hand, cash flow from operations and borrowings available under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to fund our operations, inventory growth, planned capital investments, research and development expenditures and scheduled debt service payments for at least the next twelve months.
Cash Flows
The following table provides a summary of our cash flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
| For the Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 |
| ($ in millions) |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 788.7 | $ | 358.8 | $ | (621.4 | ) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) | 31.0 | 665.9 | 343.0 |
| Changes in working capital | 470.0 | (663.1 | ) | 539.0 |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 1,289.7 | 361.6 | 260.6 |
| Net cash used in investing activities | (357.4 | ) | (239.6 | ) | (268.2 | ) |
| Net cash used in financing activities | (351.1 | ) | (164.2 | ) | (13.9 | ) |
| Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents | (1.8 | ) | (0.6 | ) | 1.5 |
| Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents for the period | 579.4 | (42.8 | ) | (20.0 | ) |
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 377.9 | 420.7 | 440.7 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 957.3 | $ | 377.9 | $ | 420.7 |

Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2015 as Compared to Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014
Operating Activities. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, we had a net cash inflow of $1,289.7 million from operating activities, an inflow increase of $928.1 million, compared to a net cash inflow of $361.6 million for the prior year. The increase in net cash inflow during 2015 as compared to 2014 was primarily driven by increased customer receipts of deferred revenue and advance payments, net tax refunds, the absence of a $160.0 million cash transfer made in 2014 related to the divestiture of our Gulfstream programs, positive settlements with customers, and improved operational performance. During 2015, deferred revenue and advance payments received were higher by $390.7 million compared to 2014, which includes receipt of $192.0 million in 2015 under the B787 interim pricing agreement, which we did not recognize as revenue. Net tax refunds received during 2015 were $69.7 million, an increase of $160.7 million, compared to net tax payments of approximately $91.0 million during the same period in the prior year.
Investing Activities. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, we had a net cash outflow of $357.4 million from investing activities, an increase in outflow of $117.8 million, compared to a net cash outflow of $239.6 million for the prior year. The increase in net cash outflow was primarily driven by an increase in capital expenditures of $139.9 million during 2015 compared to 2014 due to higher investments in capital to support increasing production rates.
Financing Activities. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, we had a net cash outflow of $351.1 million for financing activities, an increase in outflow of $186.9 million as compared to a net cash outflow of $164.2 million for the same period in the prior year. During 2015, the Company repurchased 5.7 million shares of its class A common stock for $300.0 million. Additionally, during 2015, we entered into Amendment No. 5 to our senior secured Credit Agreement which resulted in debt issuance costs of $4.7 million. During 2014, we entered into Amendment No. 3 to our senior secured Credit Agreement and redeemed our 2017 Notes using proceeds from the issuance of our 2022 Notes. Debt issuance costs in 2014 totaled $20.8 million and included third party fees and tender and consent fees. In connection with a secondary offering by Onex and certain other stockholders during 2014, we repurchased 4 million shares of class A common stock for $129.2 million. In 2015, payments on debt other than the financing activity were $36.5 million compared to $16.8 million in the same period in the prior year.
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014 as Compared to Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2013
Operating Activities. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, we had a net cash inflow of $361.6 million from operating activities, an inflow increase of $101.0 million, compared to a net cash inflow of $260.6 million for the prior year. The increase in net cash inflow during 2014 as compared to 2013 was primarily driven by improved operational performance and timing of vendor payments and receivables from customers, offset by a $160.0 million cash transfer related to the divestiture of
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our Gulfstream programs and cash tax payments of approximately $91.0 million. In comparison, for the same period in the prior year, net cash provided by operating activities was primarily driven by inventory growth on new and maturing programs, timing of vendor payments and receivables from customers and tax payments of $69.4 million.
Investing Activities. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, we had a net cash outflow of $239.6 million from investing activities, a decrease in outflow of $28.6 million, compared to a net cash outflow of $268.2 million for the prior year. The decrease in net cash outflow was primarily driven by a $52.4 million decrease in capital expenditures to $220.2 million in 2014 from $272.6 million in 2013, partially offset by the establishment of a restricted cash reserve of $19.9 million related to collateral requirements under our workers' compensation program. The decrease in capital expenditures was primarily due to 2013 expenditures of $38.4 million to replace assets destroyed in the April 2012 severe weather event. Expenditures associated with Impact from Severe Weather event concluded in 2013.
Financing Activities. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, we had a net cash outflow of $164.2 million from financing activities, an increase in outflow of $150.3 million, compared to a net cash outflow of $13.9 million for the same period in the prior year. In connection with a secondary offering by Onex and certain other stockholders during 2014, we repurchased 4 million shares of class A common stock for $129.2 million. Additionally during 2014, tender and consent fees related to the early extinguishment of our 2017 Notes were $9.4 million, which is included within debt issuance cost. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, payments on debt other than the financing activity were $16.8 million compared to $10.4 million in the same period in the prior year.
Future Cash Needs and Capital Spending
Our primary future cash needs will consist of working capital, debt service, research and development, capital expenditures, and potential share repurchases, dividend payments, merger and acquisition or disposition activities. We expend significant capital as we undertake new programs, which begin in the non-recurring investment phase of our business model. In addition, we expend significant capital to meet increased production rates on certain mature and maturing programs, including the B737, B787, A320 and A350 XWB programs. In response to announced customer production rate increases, we are evaluating various plans to relieve capacity constraints. We also require capital to develop new technologies for the next generation of aircraft, which may not be funded by our customers. Capital expenditures for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 totaled approximately $360.1 million, as compared to $220.2 million for the same period in 2014 as we increased investment in capital to support increasing production rates. We plan to fund future capital expenditures and cash requirements from cash on hand, cash generated by operations, customer cash advances, borrowings available under our revolving credit facility and proceeds from asset sales, if any.
In July 2015, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program authorizing the purchase of up to $350.0 million of our common stock by December 31, 2017.
During the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, the Company repurchased 5.7 million shares of its class A common stock for $300.0 million. The Company had remaining authorization from our Board of Directors for a total of $50.0 million in future common share repurchases under our share repurchase program as of December 31, 2015, which we used in January 2016 through the repurchase of 1.0 million shares of our class A common stock.
In January 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized an additional share repurchase program authorizing the purchase of up to $600.0 million of the Company's common stock. Repurchases may be made intermittently through December 31, 2017.
Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefit Obligations
Our U.S. pension plan remained fully funded at December 31, 2015 and we anticipate non-cash pension income for 2016 to remain at or near the same level as 2015. Our plan investments are broadly diversified and we do not anticipate a near-term requirement to make cash contributions to our U.S. pension plan. Effective December 31, 2013, the BAE Aerostructures pension plan benefits were frozen due to an amendment which closed the plan. Our projected contributions to the U.K. pension plan for 2016 are zero. See Note 13, "Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits," for more information on the Company's pension plans.
Debt and Other Financing Arrangements
Senior Secured Credit Facilities. On April 18, 2012, Spirit, as borrower, Spirit Holdings, as parent guarantor, and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a $1.2 billion senior secured Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) consisting of a $650.0 million revolving credit facility and a $550.0 million term loan B facility. On March 18, 2015, Spirit entered into Amendment No. 5 (the “Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement. The Amendment provided for a new $535.0 million senior secured term loan A (the “Term Loan”) with a maturity date of March 18, 2020, which replaced the term loan B which had an amount outstanding of approximately $534.9 million (the “Term Loan B”) that was scheduled to mature on September 15, 2020. The Term Loan bears interest, at Spirit’s option, at either LIBOR plus 1.75% or a defined “base rate” plus 0.75%, subject to adjustment to amounts
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between and including LIBOR plus 1.75% and LIBOR plus 2.50% (or amounts between and including base rate plus 0.75% and base rate plus 1.50%, as applicable) based on changes to Spirit’s debt-to-EBITDA ratio. The principal obligations under the Term Loan are to be repaid in equal quarterly installments of $6.7 million, with the remaining balance due at maturity of the Term Loan. The revolving credit facility matures March 18, 2020 and bears interest, at Spirit's option, at either LIBOR, or a defined "base rate" plus an applicable margin based on Spirit's debt-to-EBITDA ratio (see table below). The Amendment maintained substantially the same prepayment requirements and covenant structure under the Credit Agreement, and provided the Company with some additional flexibility with respect to certain activities. Spirit used the proceeds of the Term Loan to pay off the Term Loan B and to pay a portion of the fees and expenses payable in connection with the Amendment.
Substantially all of Spirit's assets, including inventory and property, plant and equipment, continue to be restricted and pledged as collateral for both the Term Loan and the revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2015, the outstanding balance of the Term Loan was $508.3 million. As of December 31, 2014, the outstanding balance of the Term Loan B was $534.9 million and the carrying amount of the term loan was $534.4 million. As a result of extinguishment of the Term Loan B during the first quarter of 2015, the Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $3.6 million. Of this total charge, $3.1 million is reflected within amortization of deferred financing fees and $0.5 million is reflected within amortization expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015. The amount outstanding under the revolving credit facility was zero as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.
In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under the Credit Agreement, Spirit is required to pay an unused line fee on the unused portion of the commitments under the revolving credit facility based on Spirit's debt-to-EBITDA ratio (see table below). Spirit is required to pay letter of credit fees equal to the applicable margin for LIBOR rate revolving credit borrowings with respect to letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility (see table below). Spirit is also required to pay to the issuing banks that issue any letters of credit, fronting fees in respect of letters of credit and customary administrative fees to the administrative agent. At December 31, 2015, Spirit had no letter of credit outstanding. The Company was subject to pricing tier 4 at December 31, 2015. The applicable pricing tier is evaluated and adjusted, if necessary, on a quarterly basis as the debt-to-EBITDA ratio fluctuates.
| Pricing Tier | Debt-to-EBITDARatio | CommitmentFee | Letter ofCreditFee | EurodollarRate Loans | Base RateLoans |
| 1 | ≥3.0:1 | 0.450% | 2.50% | 2.50% | 1.50% |
| 2 | <3.0:1 but ≥2.25:1 | 0.375% | 2.25% | 2.25% | 1.25% |
| 3 | <2.25:1 but ≥1.75:1 | 0.300% | 2.00% | 2.00% | 1.00% |
| 4 | <1.75:1 | 0.250% | 1.75% | 1.75% | 0.75% |

The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including restrictions on indebtedness, liens, type of business, acquisitions, investments, sales or transfers of assets, payments of dividends, transactions with affiliates, change in control and other matters customarily restricted in such agreements. Additionally, provided no event of default has occurred and Spirit and its subsidiaries are in compliance with financial covenants, Spirit is permitted to pay dividends to Spirit Holdings limited in amount by restrictions described in the Credit Agreement.
The Credit Agreement also contains the following financial covenants (as defined in the Credit Agreement):
| Senior Secured Leverage Ratio | Shall not exceed 2.75:1.0 |
| Interest Coverage Ratio | Shall not be less than 4.0:1.0 |
| Total Leverage Ratio | Shall not exceed 4.0:1.0 |

As of December 31, 2015, Spirit was and expects to remain in full compliance with all covenants contained within the Credit Agreement through December 31, 2016.
Senior Notes. In November 2010, the Company issued $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.75% Senior Notes due December 15, 2020 (the "2020 Notes"), with interest payable, in cash in arrears, on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning June 15, 2011. The 2020 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and Spirit's existing and future domestic subsidiaries that guarantee Spirit's obligations under Spirit's senior secured credit facility. The carrying value of the 2020 Notes was $300.0 million as of December 31, 2015.
In September 2009, the Company issued $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.50% Senior Notes due October 1, 2017 (the “2017 Notes”). On March 4, 2014, the Company commenced a cash tender offer to purchase any and all of the $300.0 million outstanding principal amount of its 2017 Notes and a consent solicitation to amend the indenture governing the 2017 Notes
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(the "2017 Notes Indenture") and eliminate substantially all of the restrictive covenants and certain default provisions applicable to the 2017 Notes (the "Tender Offer"). Tender and consent fees related to the early extinguishment of debt was $9.4 million, which is included within debt issuance cost on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014.
As a result of the extinguishment of the 2017 Notes, the Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of bonds of $13.4 million and incurred third party fees of $1.1 million. Of this total charge of $14.5 million related to extinguishment of the 2017 Notes, $11.6 million is reflected within amortization of deferred financing fees and $2.9 million is reflected within amortization expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014.
In March 2014, Spirit entered into a supplemental indenture to effect the proposed amendment to the 2017 Notes Indenture, when Spirit accepted for purchase $227.2 million aggregate of the 2017 Notes that were tendered prior to March 17, 2014 for an aggregate purchase price of $244.4 million inclusive of accrued and unpaid interest on the purchased 2017 Notes as of March 18, 2014. The supplemental indenture was binding on the 2017 Notes not purchased in the Tender Offer. The Tender Offer expired on March 31, 2014.
In March 2014, the Company issued the $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.25% Senior Notes due March 15, 2022 (the "2022 Notes") with interest payable, in cash in arrears, on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning September 15, 2014. The 2022 Notes are unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis, by the Company and its existing and future domestic subsidiaries that guarantee Spirit's obligations under its amended senior secured credit facility. The carrying value of the 2022 Notes was $299.5 million as of December 31, 2015.
On May 1, 2014, Spirit called for redemption of the $72.8 million aggregate of 2017 Notes outstanding following the expiration of the Tender Offer. The 2017 Notes were redeemed at a redemption price equal to 103.75% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date. Following the redemption, none of the 2017 Notes remained outstanding.
As of December 31, 2015, we were and expect to remain in full compliance with all covenants contained in the indentures governing the 2020 Notes and the 2022 Notes through December 31, 2016.
Malaysian Facility Agreement. The Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, Spirit AeroSystems Malaysia SDN BHD is party to a Facility Agreement for a term loan facility for Ringgit Malaysia ("RM") 69.2 million (approximately USD $20.0 million equivalent) (the "Malaysia Facility"). The Malaysia Facility requires quarterly principal repayments of RM3.3 million (approximately USD $1.0 million) from September 2011 through May 2017 and quarterly interest payments payable at a fixed interest rate of 3.50% per annum. As of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Malaysia Facility loan balance was $3.2 million and $6.7 million, respectively.
French Factory Capital Lease Agreement. The Company's indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, Spirit AeroSystems France SARL is party to a capital lease agreement for €9.0 million (approximately USD $13.1 million equivalent) with a subsidiary of BNP Paribas Bank. Lease payments under the capital lease agreement are variable, subject to the three-month Euribor rate plus 2.20%. Lease payments are due quarterly through April 2025. As of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Saint-Nazaire capital lease balance was $7.3 million and $8.8 million, respectively.
Nashville Design Center Capital Lease Agreement. In September 2012, the Company entered into a capital lease agreement for $2.6 million for a portion of an office building in Nashville, Tennessee to be used for design of aerospace components. During the second quarter of 2015, the Company terminated its capital lease agreement for the design center, resulting in the capital lease balance at December 31, 2015 of zero. At December 31, 2014, the capital lease balance was $2.3 million.
Advances on the B787 Program. Boeing has made advance payments to Spirit under the B787 Supply Agreement, which advance payments are required to be repaid to Boeing by way of offset against the purchase price for future shipset deliveries. Advance repayments were scheduled to be spread evenly over the remainder of the first 1,000 B787 shipsets delivered to Boeing. On April 8, 2014, the Company signed a memorandum of agreement with Boeing which suspended advance repayments related to the B787 program for a period of twelve months beginning April 1, 2014. Repayment recommenced on April 1, 2015 and any repayments which otherwise would have become due during such twelve-month period will offset the purchase price for shipset 1,001 through 1,120. In the event Boeing does not take delivery of a sufficient number of shipsets to repay the full amount of advances prior to the termination of the B787 program or the B787 Supply Agreement, any advances not then repaid will be applied against any outstanding payments then due by Boeing to us, and any remaining balance will be repaid in annual installments of $42.0 million due on December 15th of each year until the advance payments have been fully recovered by Boeing. As of December 31, 2015, the amount of advance payments received by us from Boeing under the B787 Supply Agreement and not yet repaid was approximately $515.7 million.
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Advances on the A350 Fuselage Program. In March 2012, we signed a Memorandum of Agreement with Airbus providing for Airbus to make advance payments to us in 2012. The advance payments are offset against the recurring price of A350 XWB shipsets invoiced by Spirit, at a rate of $1.25 million per shipset. As of December 31, 2015, the amount of advance payments received under this Memorandum of Agreement and not yet repaid was approximately $170.0 million.
Credit Ratings
As of December 31, 2015, the Company's credit ratings were a BB, positive outlook by Standard & Poor's, and a Ba1, stable outlook by Moody's Investor Services.
Our credit ratings are reviewed periodically by the rating agencies listed above.
The credit rating agencies consider many factors when assigning their ratings, such as the global economic environment and its possible impact on our financial performance, as well as certain financial metrics. Accordingly, it is possible the rating agencies could downgrade our credit ratings from their current levels. This could influence the interest rate of future debt financings.
A debt security credit rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold a security. Each rating is subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organization. Each rating agency has its own methodology for assigning ratings. Accordingly, each rating should be considered independent of other ratings.
Contractual Obligations:
The following table summarizes our contractual cash obligations as of December 31, 2015:
| Contractual Obligations(1)(2) | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 andAfter | Total |
| Principal payment on term loan | $ | 26.7 | $ | 26.7 | $ | 26.8 | $ | 26.8 | $ | 401.3 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 508.3 |
| Interest on debt(3) | 12.6 | 14.7 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 3.3 | — | — | 62.4 |
| Long-term bonds | — | — | — | — | 300.0 | — | 300.0 | 600.0 |
| Interest on long-term bonds | 36.0 | 36.0 | 36.0 | 36.0 | 36.0 | 15.8 | 7.9 | 203.7 |
| Principal payment on Malaysian term loan | 2.2 | 1.1 | — | — | — | — | — | 3.3 |
| Non-cancelable capital lease payments | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 5.3 | 9.1 |
| Non-cancelable operating lease payments | 12.3 | 7.1 | 5.7 | 4.1 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 12.3 | 46.8 |
| Other | 8.3 | 9.4 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 7.9 | 30.2 |
| Purchase obligations(4) | 137.8 | 37.5 | 10.1 | 1.8 | — | — | — | 187.2 |
| Total | $ | 236.5 | $ | 133.1 | $ | 97.0 | $ | 87.1 | $ | 744.9 | $ | 19.0 | $ | 333.4 | $ | 1,651.0 |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Does not include repayment of $909.3 million of B787 advances or deferred revenue credits to Boeing, or $183.5 million of Airbus advances or deferred revenue credits, which are reflected in our consolidated balance sheet as short-term and long-term liabilities. See Note 8, "Advance Payments and Deferred Revenue/Credits." |

| (2) | The $6.2 million of unrecognized tax benefit liability for uncertain tax positions has been excluded from this table due to uncertainty involving the ultimate settlement period. See Note 16, "Income Taxes." |

| (3) | Interest on our Term Loan was calculated for all years using the three-month LIBOR yield curve as of December 31, 2015 plus applicable margin. |

| (4) | Purchase obligations represent computing, tooling, and property, plant and equipment commitments as of December 31, 2015. |

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Other than operating leases disclosed in the notes to our financial statements included in this Annual Report, we have not entered into any off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2015.
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Tax
The amount of current net U.S. and state tax receivables outstanding at December 31, 2015 was $0.6 million. In 2015, the company received a refund of $146.0 million for the previously submitted 2014 U.S. federal income tax estimated payments, a refund of $21.4 million related to the 2013 U.S. federal net operating loss carryback to 2011, a refund of $4.2 million related to the 2013 U.S. federal tax credit carryback to 2012 and refunds of $73.9 million related to the 2014 U.S. federal net operating loss carryback to 2012.
Expected Backlog
As of December 31, 2015, our expected backlog associated with large commercial aircraft, business and regional jet, and military equipment deliveries through 2021, calculated based on contractual and historical product prices and expected delivery volumes, was approximately $46.9 billion. This is an increase of $300.0 million from our corresponding estimate as of the end of 2014, reflecting the fact that Airbus and Boeing new orders exceeded deliveries in 2015. Backlog is calculated based on the number of units Spirit is under contract to produce on our fixed quantity contracts, and Boeing and Airbus announced backlog on our supply agreements. The number of units may be subject to cancellation or delay by the customer prior to shipment, depending on contract terms. The level of unfilled orders at any given date during the year may be materially affected by the timing of our receipt of firm orders and additional airplane orders, and the speed with which those orders are filled. Accordingly, our expected backlog as of December 31, 2015 may not necessarily represent the actual amount of deliveries or sales for any future period.
Foreign Operations
We engage in business in various non-U.S. markets. As of December 31, 2015, we have a foreign subsidiary with one facility in the United Kingdom, which serves as a production facility, a production facility in Malaysia, a worldwide supplier base, and a repair center for the European and Middle-Eastern regions. We purchase certain components and materials that we use in our products from foreign suppliers and a portion of our products will be sold directly to foreign customers, including Airbus, or resold to foreign end-users (i.e., foreign airlines and militaries). In addition, we operate an assembly facility in Saint-Nazaire, France to receive and assemble center fuselage frame sections for the A350 XWB commercial aircraft from the facility in Kinston, North Carolina before they are shipped to Airbus.
Spirit is party to a joint venture with Hong Kong Aircraft Engineering Company Limited ("HAECO"), and its subsidiary, Taikoo Aircraft Engineering Company Limited ("TAECO"), Cathay Pacific Airways Limited, and Cal-Asia to develop and implement a state-of-the-art composite and metal bond component repair station in the Asia-Pacific region. The service center is called Taikoo Spirit AeroSystems Composite Co. Ltd.
Currency fluctuations, tariffs and similar import limitations, price controls and labor regulations can affect our foreign operations. Other potential limitations on our foreign operations include expropriation, nationalization, restrictions on foreign investments or their transfers and additional political and economic risks. In addition, the transfer of funds from foreign operations could be impaired by any restrictive regulations that foreign governments could enact.
Sales to foreign customers are subject to numerous additional risks, including the impact of foreign government regulations, political uncertainties and differences in business practices. There can be no assurance that foreign governments will not adopt regulations or take other actions that would have a direct or indirect adverse impact on our business or market opportunities with such governments' countries. Furthermore, the political, cultural and economic climate outside the United States may be unfavorable to our operations and growth strategy.
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, our net revenues from direct sales to non-U.S. customers were approximately $934.9 million, or 14% of total net revenues for the same period. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, our net revenues from direct sales to non-U.S. customers were approximately $830.9 million, or 12% of total net revenues for the same period. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, our net revenues from direct sales to non-U.S. customers were approximately $806.1 million, or 13% of total net revenues for the same period.
Inflation
A majority of our sales are conducted pursuant to long-term contracts that set fixed unit prices, some of which provide for price adjustment for inflation. In addition, we typically consider expected inflation in determining proposed pricing when we bid on new work. Although we have attempted to minimize the effect of inflation on our business through these protections, sustained or higher than anticipated increases in costs of labor or materials could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Spirit's contracts with suppliers currently provide for fixed pricing in U.S. dollars. Spirit Europe's supply contracts are denominated in U.S. dollars, British pounds sterling or Euros. In some cases, our supplier arrangements contain inflationary adjustment provisions based on accepted industry indices, and we typically include an inflation component in estimating our supply costs. In addition, Spirit has long term supply agreements for raw materials with most of its suppliers and for certain raw
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materials, Spirit is party to collective raw material sourcing contracts arranged through Boeing and Airbus (see “Commodity Price Risks” discussion below). With these strategies, Spirit expects pricing for raw materials to be stable in the near term. We will continue to focus our strategic cost reduction plans on mitigating the effects of this potential cost increase on our operations.
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
As a result of our operating and financing activities, we are exposed to various market risks that may affect our consolidated results of operations and financial position. These market risks include fluctuations in interest rates, which impact the amount of interest we must pay on our variable rate debt.
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash investments, the funds in which our pension assets are invested, and trade accounts receivable.
Accounts receivable include amounts billed and currently due from customers, amounts earned but unbilled, particular estimated contract changes, claims in negotiation that are probable of recovery, and amounts retained by the customer pending dispute resolution. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, approximately 84% of our net revenues were from sales to Boeing. We continuously monitor collections and payments from customers and maintain a provision for estimated credit losses as deemed appropriate based upon historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that have been identified. While such credit losses have historically not been material, we cannot guarantee that we will continue to experience the same credit loss rates in the future.
We maintain cash and cash equivalents with various financial institutions and perform periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of those financial institutions and from time to time we invest excess cash in liquid short-term money market funds. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts and believe that we are not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents. Additionally, we monitor our defined benefit pension plan asset investments on a quarterly basis and we believe that we are not exposed to any significant credit risk in these investments.
Commodity Price and Availability Risks
In our business we use various raw materials, including aluminum, titanium, steel and composites all of which can experience price fluctuations depending on market conditions. Substantial price increases could reduce our profitability. Although our supply agreements with Boeing and Airbus allow us to pass on certain abnormal increases in component and raw material costs to Boeing and Airbus in limited situations, we may not be fully compensated for such increased costs.
Our strategic sourcing initiatives are focused on mitigating the impact of commodity price risk. We are party to collective raw material sourcing contracts arranged through Boeing and Airbus. These collective sourcing contracts allow us to obtain raw materials at pre-negotiated rates and help insulate us from market volatility across the industry for certain specialized metallic and composite raw materials used in the aerospace industry. We also have long-term supply agreements with a number of our major parts suppliers. We generally do not employ forward contracts or other financial instruments to hedge commodity price risk, although we continue to review a full range of business options focused on strategic risk management for all raw material commodities.
If one or more of our suppliers or subcontractors experiences delivery delays or other performance problems, we may be unable to meet commitments to our customers or incur additional costs. Any failure by our suppliers to provide acceptable raw materials, components, kits or subassemblies could adversely affect our production schedules and contract profitability. We assess qualification of suppliers and continually monitor them to control risk associated with such supply base reliance.
To a lesser extent, we also are exposed to fluctuations in the prices of certain utilities and services, such as electricity, natural gas, chemicals and freight. We utilize a range of long-term agreements to minimize procurement expense and supply risk in these areas.
Interest Rate Risks
As of December 31, 2015, we had no fixed rate debt and $508.3 million of variable rate debt outstanding as compared to $250.0 million of total fixed rate debt and $284.9 million of variable rate debt outstanding as of December 31, 2014. Borrowings under our Senior Secured Credit Facility bear interest that varies with LIBOR. Interest rate changes generally do not affect the market value of such debt, but do impact the amount of our interest payments and, therefore, our future earnings and cash flows, assuming other factors are held constant. Assuming other variables remain constant, including levels of indebtedness, a one percentage point increase in interest rates on our variable debt would have an estimated impact on pre-tax earnings and cash flows for the next twelve months of approximately $5.2 million.
Currently we have no derivative financial instruments.
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Foreign Exchange Risks
As a result of the BAE Acquisition, we have sales, expenses, assets and liabilities that are denominated in British pounds sterling. Spirit Europe's functional currency is the British pound sterling. However, sales of Spirit Europe's products to Boeing and some procurement costs are denominated in U.S. dollars and Euros. As a consequence, movements in exchange rates could cause net sales and our expenses to fluctuate, affecting our profitability and cash flows.
In addition, even when revenues and expenses are matched, we must translate British pound sterling denominated results of operations, assets and liabilities for our foreign subsidiaries to U.S. dollars in our consolidated financial statements. Consequently, increases and decreases in the value of the U.S. dollar as compared to the British pound sterling will affect our reported results of operations and the value of our assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet, even if our results of operations or the value of those assets and liabilities has not changed in its original currency. These transactions could significantly affect the comparability of our results between financial periods and/or result in significant changes to the carrying value of our assets, liabilities and shareholders' equity.
In accordance with FASB authoritative guidance, the intercompany revolving credit facility with Spirit Europe is exposed to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. The fluctuation in rates for 2015 resulted in a loss of $6.2 million reflected in other income/expense.
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Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
SPIRIT AEROSYSTEMS HOLDINGS, INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| Page |
| Consolidated Financial Statements of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. for the periods ended December 31, 2015, December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 |
| Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms | 64 |
| Consolidated Statements of Operations | 66 |
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) | 67 |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets | 68 |
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity | 69 |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 70 |
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 72 |

63
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2015. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.'s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 12, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Wichita, Kansas
February 12, 2016
64
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.
In our opinion, the consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income, of shareholders’ equity and of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2013 present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations and cash flows of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Kansas City, Missouri
February 19, 2014
65
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
| For the Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 |
| ($ in millions, except per share data) |
| Net Revenues | $ | 6,643.9 | $ | 6,799.2 | $ | 5,961.0 |
| Operating costs and expenses |
| Cost of sales | 5,532.3 | 5,711.0 | 6,059.5 |
| Selling, general and administrative | 220.8 | 233.8 | 200.8 |
| Impact from severe weather event | — | — | 30.3 |
| Research and development | 27.8 | 29.3 | 34.7 |
| Loss on divestiture of programs | — | 471.1 | — |
| Total operating costs and expenses | 5,780.9 | 6,445.2 | 6,325.3 |
| Operating income (loss) | 863.0 | 354.0 | (364.3 | ) |
| Interest expense and financing fee amortization | (52.7 | ) | (88.1 | ) | (70.1 | ) |
| Other (expense) income, net | (2.2 | ) | (3.5 | ) | 3.6 |
| Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in net income of affiliates | 808.1 | 262.4 | (430.8 | ) |
| Income tax (provision) benefit | (20.6 | ) | 95.9 | (191.1 | ) |
| Income (loss) before equity in net income of affiliates | 787.5 | 358.3 | (621.9 | ) |
| Equity in net income of affiliates | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 788.7 | $ | 358.8 | $ | (621.4 | ) |
| Earnings (loss) per share |
| Basic | $ | 5.69 | $ | 2.55 | $ | (4.40 | ) |
| Diluted | $ | 5.66 | $ | 2.53 | $ | (4.40 | ) |

See notes to consolidated financial statements
66
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
| For the Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 |
| ($ in millions) |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 788.7 | $ | 358.8 | $ | (621.4 | ) |
| Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax: |
| Settlement of swap, net of tax effect of ($0.4), zero and zero, respectively | 0.7 | — | — |
| Unrealized loss on interest rate swaps, net of tax effect of zero for all periods, respectively | — | (1.1 | ) | — |
| Pension, SERP, and Retiree medical adjustments, net of tax effect of ($7.7), $1.3, and ($51.5), respectively | 12.5 | (78.0 | ) | 84.8 |
| Unrealized foreign exchange (loss) gain on intercompany loan, net of tax effect of $0.9, $1.0, $0.4, respectively | (3.5 | ) | (3.5 | ) | 1.2 |
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | (16.4 | ) | (16.6 | ) | 4.6 |
| Total other comprehensive (loss) income | (6.7 | ) | (99.2 | ) | 90.6 |
| Total comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 782.0 | $ | 259.6 | $ | (530.8 | ) |

See notes to consolidated financial statements
67
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 |
| ($ in millions) |
| Current assets |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 957.3 | $ | 377.9 |
| Accounts receivable, net | 537.0 | 605.6 |
| Inventory, net | 1,774.4 | 1,753.0 |
| Deferred tax asset-current | — | 53.2 |
| Other current assets | 30.4 | 262.4 |
| Total current assets | 3,299.1 | 3,052.1 |
| Property, plant and equipment, net | 1,950.7 | 1,783.6 |
| Pension assets | 246.9 | 203.4 |
| Other assets | 280.8 | 123.6 |
| Total assets | $ | 5,777.5 | $ | 5,162.7 |
| Current liabilities |
| Accounts payable | $ | 618.2 | $ | 611.2 |
| Accrued expenses | 230.2 | 329.1 |
| Profit sharing | 61.6 | 111.8 |
| Current portion of long-term debt | 35.6 | 9.4 |
| Advance payments, short-term | 178.3 | 118.6 |
| Deferred revenue, short-term | 285.5 | 23.4 |
| Deferred grant income liability — current | 11.9 | 10.2 |
| Other current liabilities | 37.7 | 45.1 |
| Total current liabilities | 1,459.0 | 1,258.8 |
| Long-term debt | 1,097.6 | 1,144.1 |
| Advance payments, long-term | 507.4 | 680.4 |
| Pension/OPEB obligation | 67.7 | 73.0 |
| Deferred revenue and other deferred credits | 170.0 | 27.5 |
| Deferred grant income liability — non-current | 82.3 | 96.1 |
| Other liabilities | 273.5 | 260.8 |
| Equity |
| Preferred stock, par value $0.01, 10,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued | — | — |
| Common stock, Class A par value $0.01, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 135,617,589 and 141,084,378 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Common stock, Class B par value $0.01, 150,000,000 shares authorized, 121 and 4,745 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | — | — |
| Additional paid-in capital | 1,051.6 | 1,035.6 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (160.5 | ) | (153.8 | ) |
| Retained earnings | 1,656.2 | 867.5 |
| Treasury stock, at cost (9,691,865 and 4,000,000, respectively) | (429.2 | ) | (129.2 | ) |
| Total shareholders' equity | 2,119.5 | 1,621.5 |
| Noncontrolling interest | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Total equity | 2,120.0 | 1,622.0 |
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 5,777.5 | $ | 5,162.7 |

See notes to consolidated financial statements
68
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity
| Common Stock | AdditionalPaid-inCapital | AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncome (Loss) | RetainedEarnings/AccumulatedDeficit |
| Shares | Amount | Total |
| ($ in millions, except share data) |
| Balance — December 31, 2012 | 143,697,178 | 1.4 | 1,012.3 | (145.2 | ) | 1,127.9 | 1,996.4 |
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | (621.4 | ) | (621.4 | ) |
| Equity in joint venture | — | — | — | — | 2.2 | 2.2 |
| Employee equity awards | 1,979,066 | — | 12.6 | — | — | 12.6 |
| Stock forfeitures | (668,263 | ) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Net shares settled | (240,359 | ) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements | — | — | 0.1 | — | — | 0.1 |
| SERP shares issued | 30,501 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | 90.6 | — | 90.6 |
| Balance — December 31, 2013 | 144,798,123 | 1.4 | 1,025.0 | (54.6 | ) | 508.7 | 1,480.5 |
| Net income | — | — | — | — | 358.8 | 358.8 |
| Employee equity awards | 719,214 | — | 8.2 | — | — | 8.2 |
| Stock forfeitures | (249,444 | ) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Net shares settled | (256,332 | ) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements | — | — | 2.4 | — | — | 2.4 |
| SERP shares issued | 77,562 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Treasury shares | (4,000,000 | ) | — | — | — | — | (129.2 | ) |
| Other comprehensive loss | — | — | — | (99.2 | ) | — | (99.2 | ) |
| Balance — December 31, 2014 | 141,089,123 | $ | 1.4 | $ | 1,035.6 | $ | (153.8 | ) | $ | 867.5 | $ | 1,621.5 |
| Net income | — | — | — | — | 788.7 | 788.7 |
| Employee equity awards | 653,011 | — | 26.0 | — | — | 26.0 |
| Stock forfeitures | (170,789 | ) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Net shares settled | (395,447 | ) | — | (20.7 | ) | — | — | (20.7 | ) |
| Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements | — | — | 10.7 | — | — | 10.7 |
| SERP shares issued | 133,677 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Treasury shares | (5,691,865 | ) | — | — | — | (300.0 | ) |
| Other comprehensive loss | — | — | — | (6.7 | ) | — | (6.7 | ) |
| Balance — December 31, 2015 | 135,617,710 | $ | 1.4 | $ | 1,051.6 | $ | (160.5 | ) | $ | 1,656.2 | $ | 2,119.5 |

See notes to consolidated financial statements
69
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.
| For the Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 |
| ($ in millions) |
| Operating activities |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 788.7 | $ | 358.8 | $ | (621.4 | ) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities |
| Depreciation expense | 180.5 | 170.2 | 158.2 |
| Amortization expense | 0.6 | 5.8 | 3.1 |
| Amortization of deferred financing fees | 6.9 | 23.3 | 6.7 |
| Accretion of customer supply agreement | 2.6 | 1.1 | 0.6 |
| Employee stock compensation expense | 26.0 | 16.4 | 19.6 |
| Excess tax benefit of share-based payment arrangements | (10.7 | ) | (2.6 | ) | (0.6 | ) |
| Loss from interest rate swaps | — | 0.5 | — |
| Loss (gain) from hedge contracts | 1.6 | (1.4 | ) | (2.6 | ) |
| Loss (gain) from foreign currency transactions | 8.6 | 10.5 | (2.6 | ) |
| Loss on divestiture of programs | — | 471.1 | — |
| Loss on disposition of assets | 14.7 | 13.7 | 0.1 |
| Deferred taxes | (162.2 | ) | (8.4 | ) | 202.8 |
| Long-term tax benefit | — | (1.2 | ) | (2.5 | ) |
| Pension and other post retirement benefits, net | (26.0 | ) | (24.0 | ) | (32.0 | ) |
| Grant income | (10.4 | ) | (8.6 | ) | (7.3 | ) |
| Equity in net income of affiliates | (1.2 | ) | (0.5 | ) | (0.5 | ) |
| Changes in assets and liabilities |
| Accounts receivable, net | 62.2 | (64.7 | ) | (128.5 | ) |
| Inventory, net | (44.2 | ) | (332.2 | ) | 666.0 |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (89.1 | ) | (22.1 | ) | 94.2 |
| Profit sharing/deferred compensation | (50.0 | ) | 73.8 | 10.0 |
| Advance payments | (113.3 | ) | (52.9 | ) | (41.9 | ) |
| Income taxes receivable/payable | 251.9 | (177.9 | ) | (82.2 | ) |
| Deferred revenue and other deferred credits | 407.3 | 2.2 | (0.2 | ) |
| Cash transferred on divestiture of programs | — | (160.0 | ) | — |
| Other | 45.2 | 70.7 | 21.6 |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 1,289.7 | 361.6 | 260.6 |
| Investing activities |
| Purchase of property, plant and equipment | (360.1 | ) | (220.2 | ) | (234.2 | ) |
| Purchase of property, plant and equipment — severe weather event | — | — | (38.4 | ) |
| Proceeds from sale of assets | 2.7 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| Change in Restricted Cash | — | (19.9 | ) | — |
| Other | — | — | 3.7 |
| Net cash used in investing activities | (357.4 | ) | (239.6 | ) | (268.2 | ) |
| Financing activities |
| Proceeds from issuance of debt | 535.0 | — | — |
| Proceeds from issuance of bonds | — | 300.0 | — |
| Principal payments of debt | (36.5 | ) | (16.8 | ) | (10.4 | ) |
| Payments on term loan | (534.9 | ) | — | — |
| Payments on bonds | — | (300.0 | ) | — |
| Taxes paid related to net share settlement awards | (20.7 | ) | — | — |
| Excess tax benefit of share-based payment arrangements | 10.7 | 2.6 | 0.6 |
| Debt issuance and financing costs | (4.7 | ) | (20.8 | ) | (4.1 | ) |
| Purchase of treasury stock | (300.0 | ) | (129.2 | ) | — |
| Net cash used in financing activities | (351.1 | ) | (164.2 | ) | (13.9 | ) |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (1.8 | ) | (0.6 | ) | 1.5 |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents for the period | 579.4 | (42.8 | ) | (20.0 | ) |
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 377.9 | 420.7 | 440.7 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 957.3 | $ | 377.9 | $ | 420.7 |

See notes to consolidated financial statements
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - continued
| For the Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 |
| ($ in millions) |
| Supplemental information |
| Interest paid | $ | 51.5 | $ | 69.2 | $ | 68.0 |
| Income taxes (refunded) paid | ($69.7 | ) | $ | 91.1 | $ | 69.4 |

See notes to consolidated financial statements
71
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
1. Nature of Business
Spirit Holdings was incorporated in the state of Delaware on February 7, 2005, and commenced operations on June 17, 2005 through the acquisition of Boeing's operations in Wichita, Kansas; Tulsa, Oklahoma and McAlester, Oklahoma (the "Boeing Acquisition") by an investor group led by Onex Partners LP and Onex Corporation (together with its affiliates, "Onex"). Holdings provides manufacturing and design expertise in a wide range of fuselage, propulsion and wing products and services for aircraft original equipment manufacturers and operators through its subsidiary, Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. ("Spirit"). The Company has its headquarters in Wichita, Kansas, with manufacturing facilities in Tulsa and McAlester, Oklahoma; Prestwick, Scotland; Wichita, Kansas; Kinston, North Carolina and Subang, Malaysia. The Company has assembly facilities in Saint-Nazaire, France, and Chanute, Kansas.
The Company is the majority participant in the Kansas Industrial Energy Supply Company ("KIESC"), a tenancy-in-common with other Wichita companies established to purchase natural gas.
The Company participates in a joint venture, Taikoo Spirit AeroSystems Composite Co. Ltd. ("TSACCL"), of which Spirit's ownership interest is 31.5%. TSACCL was formed to develop and implement a state-of-the-art composite and metal bond component repair station in the Asia-Pacific region.
In March, June and August 2014, certain selling stockholders sold 22,915,300 shares of the Company's class A common stock at prices to the public ranging from $28.62 to $35.90 per share in secondary offerings of the Company's class A common stock. Following the August offering, Onex no longer held any investment in the Company.
On December 8, 2014, Spirit entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with Triumph Aerostructures - Tulsa, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Triumph Group Inc. (“Triumph”), to sell Spirit’s G280 and G650 programs (“Gulfstream programs”), consisting of the design, manufacture and support of structural components for the Gulfstream G280 and G650 aircraft in Spirit’s facilities in Tulsa, Oklahoma to Triumph (the “Gulfstream Transaction”). The transaction closed on December 30, 2014.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the Company’s financial statements and the financial statements of its majority owned or controlled subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and Regulation S-X. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year financial statements and notes to conform to the 2015 presentation.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the Company's financial statements and the financial statements of its majority-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. Investments in business entities in which the Company does not have control, but has the ability to exercise influence over operating and financial policies, including TSACCL, are accounted for under the equity method. KIESC is fully consolidated as the Company owns 77.8% of the entity's equity. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company's U.K. subsidiary uses local currency, the British pound, as its functional currency; the Malaysian subsidiary uses the British pound and the Singapore subsidiary uses the Singapore dollar. All other foreign subsidiaries and branches use the U.S. dollar as their functional currency.
As part of the monthly consolidation process, the functional currencies of the Company's international subsidiaries are translated to U.S. dollars using the end-of-month translation rate for balance sheet accounts and average period currency translation rates for revenue and income accounts.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Company's financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to use estimates and assumptions. The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments which may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, including the impacts of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Provisions for estimated expenses related to service and product warranties and certain extraordinary rework are made at the time products are sold. These costs are accrued at the time of the sale and are recorded to unallocated cost of goods sold. These estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims, including the experience of industry peers. In the case of new development products or new customers, Spirit considers other factors including the experience of other entities in the same business and management judgment, among others.
Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.
Revenues and Profit Recognition
A significant portion of the Company's revenues are recognized under long-term, volume-based pricing contracts, requiring delivery of products over several years. The Company recognizes revenue under the contract method of accounting and records sales and profits on each contract in accordance with the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, primarily using the units-of-delivery method. Under the units-of-delivery method revenue is recognized based upon the number of units delivered during a period and the contract price and expenditures are recognized as the cost allocable to the delivered units. Costs allocable to undelivered units are reported in the balance sheet as inventory. The method is used in circumstances in which an entity produces units of a basic product under production-type contracts in a continuous or sequential production process to buyers' specifications. Recurring long-term production contracts are usually divided into contract blocks for this purpose, with each block treated as a separate contract for "units-of-delivery" production-type contract accounting purposes.
The total quantity of production units to be delivered under a contract may be set as a single contract accounting block, or it can be split into multiple blocks. Unless the life of the contract is so long that it prevents reliable estimates, the entire contract will typically be set as the contract accounting block quantity. "Life-of-program" or "requirements-based" contracts often lead to continuing sales of more than twenty years. Since this is much longer than can be reliably estimated, Spirit uses parameters based on the contract facts and circumstances to determine the length of the contract block. This analysis includes: considering the customer's firm orders, internal assessment of the market, reliability of cost estimates, potential segmentation of non-recurring elements of the contract, and other factors. Contract block sizes may also be determined based on certain contractual terms such as pricing renegotiation dates, such that certain contract blocks may use an approximate date instead of a defined unit quantity in order to increase the ability to estimate accurately given that the renegotiated pricing is unknown for the planning block. Shorter contract blocks for mature, ongoing programs are common due to the presence of recent cost history and probable forecast accuracy. Initial contract blocks often require a longer time period and a greater number of units in order to take into account the higher cost of early units due to a steeper experience curve and pre-production design costs. As these programs mature, costs stabilize and efficiencies are realized, subsequent contract block length shortens to take into account the steady state of the continuing production.
Revenues from non-recurring design work are recognized based on substantive milestones or use of the cost-to-cost method, that are indicative of the Company's progress toward completion depending on facts and circumstances. The Company follows the requirements of Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") authoritative guidance on accounting for the performance of construction-type and certain production-type contracts (the contract method of accounting), and uses the cumulative catch-up method in accounting for revisions in estimates. Under the cumulative catch-up method, the impacts of revisions in estimates are recognized immediately when changes in estimated contract profitability become known.
A profit rate is estimated based on the difference between total revenues and total costs over a contract block. Total revenues at any given time include actual historical revenues up to that time plus future estimated revenues. Total costs at any given time include actual historical costs up to that time plus future estimated costs. Estimated revenues include negotiated or expected values for units delivered, estimates of probable recoveries asserted against the customer for changes in specifications, price adjustments for contract and volume changes, escalation and assumed but currently unnegotiated price increases for derivative models. Costs include the estimated cost of certain pre-production efforts (including non-recurring engineering and planning subsequent to completion of final design) plus the estimated cost of manufacturing a specified number of production units. Estimates take into account assumptions related to future labor performance and rates, and projections related to material and overhead costs including expected "learning curve" cost reductions over the term of the contract. Estimated revenues and costs also take into account the expected impact of specific contingencies that the Company believes are probable.
Estimated revenue for the A350 XWB program includes an estimate for probable recoveries asserted against the Company's customer for changes in specifications. Although the Company continues to project margins on the A350 XWB fuselage and wing contracts to be near or at break-even, there is still a substantial amount of risk similar to what the Company has experienced on other maturing programs. Specifically, the Company's ability to successfully negotiate favorable pricing and other terms with Airbus and the Company's suppliers, to manage supplier performance, execute cost reduction strategies, hire and retain skilled production and management personnel, execute quality and manufacturing processes, manage program schedule delays and adjust
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
to higher rate schedules, among other risks, will determine the ultimate performance of this program and these contracts. There continues to be risk of additional forward loss associated with the fuselage recurring contract as the Company works through production, supply chain and customer issues.
Estimates of revenues and costs for the Company's contract blocks span a period of multiple years and are based on a substantial number of underlying assumptions. The Company believes that the underlying assumptions are sufficiently reliable to provide a reasonable estimate of the profit to be generated. However, due to the significant length of time over which revenue streams will be generated, the variability of the revenue and cost streams can be significant if the assumptions change. Estimates of profit margins for contract accounting blocks are typically reviewed at least annually or at an earlier point if evidence suggests a change in margin may be necessary. Assuming the initial estimates of sales and costs under the contract block are accurate, the percentage-of-completion method results in the profit margin being recorded evenly as revenue is recognized under the contract block. Changes in these underlying estimates due to revisions in sales and cost estimates may result in profit margins being recognized unevenly over a contract block as such changes are accounted for on a cumulative basis in the period estimates are revised, which the Company refers to as cumulative catch-up adjustments. The Company's Estimate at Completion estimating process is not solely an accounting process, but is instead an integrated part of the management of the Company's business, involving numerous personnel in the Company's planning, production control, contracts, cost management, supply chain and program and business management functions.
For revenues not recognized under the contract method of accounting, the Company recognizes revenues from the sale of products at the point of passage of title, which is generally at the time of shipment. Shipping and handling costs are included in cost of sales. Revenues earned from providing maintenance services, including any contracted research and development, are recognized when the service is complete or other contractual milestones are attained. Revenues from non-recurring design work are recognized based on substantive milestones or use of the cost-to-cost method, that are indicative of the Company's progress toward completion. Non-recurring revenues, which are derived primarily from engineering and design efforts, were $307.4, $305.5 and $255.6 for each of the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. As required by FASB authoritative guidance related to accounting for consideration given by a vendor to a customer certain payments are amortized as a reduction to revenues on units delivered.
Research and Development
Research and development includes costs incurred for experimentation, design and testing that are expensed as incurred.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents represent all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Consistent with industry practice, the Company classifies unbilled receivables related to contracts accounted for under the long-term contract method of accounting, as current. The Company determines an allowance for doubtful accounts based on a review of outstanding receivables. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company's allowance for doubtful accounts was approximately $6.1 and $0.5 at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. Also included in accounts receivable were amounts held in retainage which, as of December 31, 2014, all related to Gulfstream and represented amounts due on G650 deliveries from 2010 through the third quarter of 2013. The Company settled this matter with Gulfstream on February 13, 2015.
Accounts receivable, net includes unbilled receivables on long-term aerospace contracts, comprised principally of revenue recognized on contracts for which amounts were earned but not contractually billable as of the balance sheet date, or amounts earned in which the recovery will occur over the term of the contract, which could exceed one year.
Inventory
Raw materials are stated at lower of cost (principally on an actual or average cost basis) or market. Inventoried costs attributed to units delivered under long-term contracts are based on the estimated average cost of all units expected to be produced and are determined under the learning curve concept which anticipates a predictable decrease in unit costs. Lower unit costs are achieved as tasks and production techniques become more efficient through repetition, supply chain costs are reduced as contracts are negotiated and design changes result in lower cost. This cost averaging usually results in an increase in inventory (referred to as "excess-over-average" or "deferred production costs") during the early years of a contract. These costs are deferred only to the
74
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
extent the amount of actual or expected excess-over-average is reasonably expected to be fully offset by lower-than-average costs in future periods of a contract. If in-process inventory plus estimated costs to complete a specific contract exceed the actual plus anticipated remaining sales value of such contract, such excess is charged to cost of sales in the period the loss becomes known, thus reducing inventory to estimated realizable value. Costs in inventory include amounts relating to contracts with long production cycles, some of which are not expected to be realized within one year.
The Company reviews its general stock materials and spare parts inventory each quarter to identify impaired inventory, including excess or obsolete inventory, based on historical sales trends and expected production usage. Impaired inventories are written off to work-in-process in the period identified.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is applied using a straight-line method over the useful lives of the respective assets as described in the following table:
| Estimated Useful Life |
| Land improvements | 20 years |
| Buildings | 45 years |
| Machinery and equipment | 3-20 years |
| Tooling — Airplane program — B787, Rolls-Royce | 5-20 years |
| Tooling — Airplane program — all others | 2-10 years |
| Capitalized software | 3-7 years |

The Company capitalizes certain costs, such as software coding, installation and testing, that are incurred to purchase or to create and implement internal-use computer software. The Company's capitalization policy includes specifications that the software must have a service life greater than one year, is legally and substantially owned by Spirit, and has an acquisition cost of greater than $0.1.
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets and Goodwill
Spirit reviews capital and amortizing intangible assets (long-lived assets) for impairment on an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the recorded amount may not be recoverable. Under the standard, assets must be classified as either held-for-use or available-for-sale. An impairment loss is recognized when the recorded amount of an asset that is held for use exceeds the projected undiscounted future net cash flows expected from its use and disposal, and is measured as the amount by which the recorded amount of the asset exceeds its fair value, which is measured by discounted cash flows when quoted market prices are not available. For assets available-for-sale, an impairment loss is recognized when the recorded amount exceeds the fair value less cost to sell. The Company performs an annual impairment test for goodwill in the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently, if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce fair value below current value.
Deferred Financing Costs
Costs relating to long-term debt are deferred and included in other long-term assets. These costs are amortized over the term of the related debt or debt facilities and are included as a component of interest expense.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activity
The Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage the economic impact of fluctuations in currency exchange rates and interest rates. Derivative financial instruments are recognized on the consolidated balance sheets as either assets or liabilities and are measured at fair value. Changes in fair value of derivatives are recorded each period in earnings or accumulated other comprehensive income, depending on whether a derivative is effective as part of a hedge transaction, and if it is, the type of hedge transaction. Gains and losses on derivative instruments reported in other comprehensive income are subsequently included in earnings in the periods in which earnings are affected by the hedged item or when the hedge is no longer effective. Cash flows associated with the Company's derivatives are presented as a component of the operating section of the statement of cash flows. The use of derivatives has generally been limited to interest rate swaps and foreign currency forward contracts. The Company
75
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
enters into foreign currency forward contracts to reduce the risks associated with the changes in foreign exchange rates on sales and cost of sales denominated in currencies other than the entities' functional currency.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Financial instruments are measured in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance related to fair value measurements. This guidance clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to measure fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. See Note 10, "Fair Value Measurements."
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance on accounting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future income tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts for existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Tax rate changes impacting these assets and liabilities are recognized in the period during which the rate change occurs.
A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. When determining the amount of net deferred tax assets that are more likely than not to be realized, the Company assess all available positive and negative evidence. The weight given to the positive and negative evidence is commensurate with the extent the evidence may be objectively verified.
Based on an evaluation of both the positive and negative evidence available, management determined that it was necessary to establish a valuation allowance against the Company's net U.S. deferred tax assets in 2013. The Company had experienced significant cumulative operating losses which were a result of forward losses recorded on certain development programs. The valuation allowance was established based on the Company's conclusion that it was more likely than not that these deferred tax assets would not be realized. The more likely than not conclusion was based primarily on the fact that the Company's operating losses resulted in a three-year cumulative loss position, and that estimates of future taxable income at that time were difficult to reasonably predict based upon forward losses that had been recorded on development programs and the maturity of those programs. The Company's conclusion was that the cumulative three-year operating losses were significant negative evidence which was difficult to overcome. Given the objectively verifiable negative evidence of a three-year cumulative loss and the weighting of all available positive evidence, including objectively verifiable favorable performance on certain mature programs, the Company excluded projected taxable income (aside from reversing taxable temporary differences) from the Company's assessment of income that could be used as a source of taxable income to realize the Company's deferred tax assets.
Throughout 2014 and through the first three quarters of 2015, the Company's trends were consistently improving operating profits, no material new forward losses, generation of positive taxable income exclusive of the impact of the Gulfstream divestiture in 2014, and utilization of underlying deferred tax assets. In line with accounting guidance, the utilization of underlying deferred tax assets and positive taxable income led to the reversal of a portion of the valuation allowance that was originally established in 2013.
In the third quarter of 2015, consistent with each quarter since the establishment of the valuation allowance, management performed an evaluation of all available positive and negative evidence to determine whether it was appropriate to maintain the valuation allowance in full, release a portion of the valuation allowance based upon utilization, or fully release the remaining valuation allowance. The key sources of evidence that management considered for the third quarter in 2015 are outlined below:
Positive evidence
| • | The Company generated cumulative positive U.S. profits, adjusted for permanent items, of approximately $260.0 for the twelve quarters ended October 1, 2015. |

| • | During the quarter ended October 1, 2015, the Company exited its three-year cumulative operating loss position, which eliminated the most significantly weighted objectively verifiable negative evidence included in the Company's deferred tax asset valuation allowance evaluation. |

| • | The Company has existing long-term life of program contracts with firm backlog of approximately $46.9 billion, a substantial portion of which relates to mature U.S. programs with demonstrated recurring performance. |

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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
| • | The Company’s projections forecast U.S. pre-tax book income and U.S. taxable profits, adjusted for permanent items for future years. The U.S. taxable profits, adjusted for permanent items are projected to provide sufficient capacity to fully realize all remaining gross U.S. deferred tax assets. |

| • | The Company has had seven consecutive quarters of sustained, demonstrated performance consistent with forecasted results, realized no material new forward losses on development programs, and established a positive history of meeting or exceeding EPS guidance expectations. |

| • | The Company remediated its historical material weaknesses related to contract estimates at December 31, 2014 which when combined with the other positive evidence above, allowed us to reasonably rely upon future forecasts. |

Negative evidence
| • | The Company assessed various areas of risk to future operating results, including development program risks, customer/vendor claims, and the uncertainty regarding the timing and final outcome of the resolution of contractual negotiations with key customers. |

Based on an evaluation of both the positive and negative evidence available, management determined that it was appropriate to release nearly all of the remaining valuation allowance against its net U.S. deferred tax assets that remained from 2013 as of October 1, 2015. The remainder of the net U.S. deferred tax asset valuation allowance was released on December 31, 2015, which resulted in a total decrease of $241.9 in 2015.
Additionally, the Company maintains a $14.4 valuation allowance against separate company state income tax credits and other U.S. issues and $0.7 for other foreign issues which is a decrease of $1.7 from the prior year.
The Company records an income tax expense or benefit based on the net income earned or net loss incurred in each tax jurisdiction and the tax rate applicable to that income or loss. In the ordinary course of business, there are transactions for which the ultimate tax outcome is uncertain. These uncertainties are accounted for in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance on accounting for the uncertainty in income taxes. The final tax outcome for these matters may be different than management's original estimates made in determining the income tax provision. A change to these estimates could impact the effective tax rate and net income or loss in subsequent periods. The Company uses the flow-through accounting method for tax credits. Under this method, tax credits reduce income tax expense.
Stock-Based Compensation and Other Share-Based Payments
Many of the Company's employees are participants in various stock compensation plans. The expense attributable to the Company's employees is recognized over the period the amounts are earned and vested, as described in Note 15, "Stock Compensation."
New Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-17, Income Taxes: Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (FASB ASU 2015-17). FASB ASU 2015-17 requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet. This update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016. Earlier adoption is permitted and the standard may be applied either retrospectively or on a prospective basis to all deferred tax assets and liabilities. The Company has elected, as permitted by the standard, to early adopt FASB ASU 2015-17 prospectively, effective for the period ended December 31, 2015. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (FASB ASU 2015-11). FASB ASU 2015-11 affects reporting entities that measure inventory using first-in, first-out or average cost. FASB ASU 2015-11 requires that inventory be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. FASB ASU 2015-11 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of FASB ASU 2015-11 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Interest-Imputation of Interest, (FASB ASU 2015-03) which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance of debt issuance costs are
77
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
not affected by the amendments in this update. FASB ASU 2015-03 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and requires the Company to apply the new guidance on a retrospective basis upon adoption. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-15 which amends ASU 2015-03 to clarify presentation and subsequent measurement of debt issuance costs associated with line-of-credit arrangements. The adoption of FASB ASU 2015-03 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-02, Consolidation: Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis (FASB ASU 2015-02). FASB ASU 2015-02 amended the process that a reporting entity must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities. FASB ASU 2015-02 is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2015, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. The Company has elected, as permitted by the standard, to adopt FASB ASU 2015-02 early, to be effective for the second quarter ended July 2, 2015. The adoption of FASB ASU 2015-02 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC 605, Revenue Recognition (FASB ASU 2014-09). This update is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. FASB ASU 2014-09 was supposed to be effective in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and for interim and annual reporting periods thereafter, however, in July 2015, the FASB affirmed its proposal to defer the effective date of the ASU 2014-09 for all entities by one year. As a result, ASU 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with an option that would permit companies to adopt the standard as early as the original effective date. Early adoption prior to the original effective date is not permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the new guidance to determine the impact it may have to its consolidated financial statements.
3. Changes in Estimates
The Company has a Company-wide quarterly Estimate at Completion (EAC) process in which management assesses the progress and performance of the Company's contracts. This process requires management to review each program’s progress towards completion by evaluating the program schedule, changes to identified risks and opportunities, changes to estimated contract revenues and estimated contract costs over the current contract block and any outstanding contract matters. Risks and opportunities include management's judgment about the cost associated with a program’s ability to achieve the schedule, technical requirements (e.g., a newly-developed product versus a mature product) and any other contract requirements. The majority of the Company's fixed priced contracts are life of aircraft program contracts. Due to the span of years it may take to complete a contract block and the scope and nature of the work required to be performed on those contracts, the estimation of total revenue and costs at completion is complicated and subject to many variables and, accordingly, is subject to change. When adjustments in estimated total contract block revenue or estimated total cost are required, any changes from prior estimates for delivered units are recognized in the current period as a cumulative catch-up adjustment for the inception-to-date effect of such changes. Cumulative catch-up adjustments are driven by several factors including improved production efficiencies, assumed rate of production, the rate of overhead absorption, changes to scope of work and contract modifications. When estimates of total costs to be incurred on a contract block exceed estimates of total revenue to be earned, a provision for the entire loss on the contract block is recorded in the period in which the loss is determined. Changes in estimates are summarized below:
78
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
| Changes in Estimates | December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 |
| Favorable Cumulative Catch-up Adjustment by Segment |
| Fuselage | 16.1 | 14.8 | 60.1 |
| Propulsion | 22.8 | 18.8 | 30.0 |
| Wing | 2.7 | 26.8 | 5.4 |
| Total Favorable Cumulative Catch-up Adjustment | 41.6 | 60.4 | 95.5 |
| Changes in Estimates on Loss Programs and (Forward loss) |
| Fuselage |
| B787 | — | — | (333.1 | ) |
| Boeing - All other platforms | 8.7 | 10.8 | (45.2 | ) |
| A350 XWB | — | — | (111.3 | ) |
| Other Platforms | — | (0.9 | ) | — |
| Total Fuselage Change in Estimate on Loss Program and (Forward Loss) | 8.7 | 9.9 | (489.6 | ) |
| Propulsion |
| B787 | — | — | (30.6 | ) |
| Boeing - All other platforms | (0.3 | ) | 1.1 | (12.3 | ) |
| Other Platforms | 2.7 | 15.4 | (13.3 | ) |
| Total Propulsion Change in Estimate on Loss Program and (Forward Loss) | 2.4 | 16.5 | (56.2 | ) |
| Wing |
| B787 | — | — | (58.3 | ) |
| Boeing - All other platforms | (6.6 | ) | — | — |
| A350 XWB | 6.3 | — | — |
| Other Platforms | — | (0.3 | ) | (529.2 | ) |
| Total Wing Forward Loss | (0.3 | ) | (0.3 | ) | (587.5 | ) |
| Total Change in Estimate on Loss Program and (Forward Loss) | 10.8 | 26.1 | (1,133.3 | ) |
| Total Change in Estimate | 52.4 | 86.5 | (1,037.8 | ) |
| EPS Impact (diluted per share based on statutory rates) | 0.24 | 0.38 | (4.61 | ) |

The Company is currently working on several maturing programs which are in various stages of production, including the B787, A350 XWB and BR725 programs. These programs carry risks associated with design responsibility, development of production tooling, production inefficiencies during the early phases of production, hiring and training of qualified personnel, increased capital and funding commitments, supplier performance, delivery schedules and unique customer requirements. The Company has previously recorded forward loss charges on these programs. If the risks related to these programs are not mitigated, then the Company could record additional forward loss charges.
2015 Changes in Estimates
Favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments for the periods prior to 2015 and changes in estimates on loss programs were primarily driven by productivity and efficiency improvements, favorable cost performance, mitigation of risk, benefits from increased production rates related to the absorption of fixed costs and favorable pricing negotiations on a maturing program. Forward loss charges were due to a production rate decrease on a mature program.
79
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
2014 Changes in Estimates
Favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments for the periods prior to 2014 and changes in estimates on loss programs were primarily driven by productivity and efficiency improvements, favorable cost performance, mitigation of risk, benefits from increased production rates related to the absorption of fixed costs, increased statement of work on mature programs and favorable pricing negotiations on a maturing program.
2013 Changes in Estimates
The $422.0 forward loss recorded on the B787 program was primarily due to revised cost estimates to reflect the Company's evaluation of near-term achievable cost reductions and continued deterioration in labor performance at the Tulsa facility related to the transition to the B787-9 derivative. The $529.2 of forward losses recorded on the wing Other Platforms was primarily due to continued deterioration in labor performance at the Tulsa facility, underperformance with respect to supply chain cost reduction and settlement of contractual items on the Gulfstream wing programs. The $111.3 forward loss recorded on the A350 XWB wing program was due to production inefficiencies mostly driven by early development discovery and engineering change to the aircraft design, higher than expected test and transportation costs and the execution of an agreement with Airbus in 2013 regarding the work scope for the design and tooling related to the -1000 derivative. The Company recorded $95.5 of favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments related to periods prior to 2013 primarily driven by productivity and efficiency improvements and favorable cost performance on mature programs.
4. Accounts Receivable, net
Accounts receivable, net consists of the following:
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 |
| Trade receivables(1)(2) | $ | 524.3 | $ | 598.4 |
| Other | 18.8 | 7.7 |
| Less: allowance for doubtful accounts | (6.1 | ) | (0.5 | ) |
| Accounts receivable, net | $ | 537.0 | $ | 605.6 |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Includes unbilled receivables of $30.5 and $26.0 at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. |

| (2) | Includes $135.1 held in retainage by a customer at December 31, 2014. |

Accounts receivable, net includes unbilled receivables on long-term aerospace contracts, comprised principally of revenue recognized on contracts for which amounts were earned but not contractually billable as of the balance sheet date, or amounts earned for which the recovery will occur over the term of the contract, which could exceed one year.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
5. Inventory
Inventories are summarized as follows:
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 |
| Raw materials | $ | 253.8 | $ | 254.5 |
| Work-in-process | 854.4 | 885.7 |
| Finished goods | 65.7 | 46.7 |
| Product inventory | 1,173.9 | 1,186.9 |
| Capitalized pre-production | 167.8 | 223.4 |
| Deferred production | 1,315.4 | 1,244.3 |
| Forward loss provision | (882.7 | ) | (901.6 | ) |
| Total inventory, net | $ | 1,774.4 | $ | 1,753.0 |

Capitalized pre-production costs include certain contract costs, including applicable overhead, incurred before a product is manufactured on a recurring basis. Significant statement of work changes considered not reimbursable by the customer can also cause pre-production costs to be incurred. These costs are typically amortized over a certain number of shipset deliveries. Capitalized pre-production may be amortized over multiple blocks. See contract block and orders table noted below.
Deferred production includes costs for the excess of production costs over the estimated average cost per shipset, and credit balances for favorable variances on contracts between actual costs incurred and the estimated average cost per shipset for units delivered under the current production blocks. Recovery of excess-over-average deferred production costs is dependent on the number of shipsets ultimately sold and the ultimate selling prices and lower production costs associated with future production under these contract blocks. The Company believes these amounts, net of forward loss provisions, will be fully recovered over the contract block quantities noted in the contact block and orders table below. Should orders not materialize in future periods to fulfill the block, potential forward loss charges may be necessary to the extent the final delivered quantity does not absorb deferred inventory costs. Sales significantly under estimates or costs significantly over estimates could result in losses on these contracts in future periods.
Capitalized pre-production and deferred production inventories are at risk to the extent that the Company does not achieve the orders in the forecasted blocks or if future actual costs exceed current projected estimates, as those categories of inventory are recoverable over future deliveries.
Forward loss provisions on contract blocks are recorded in the period in which they become evident and included in inventory with any remaining amount reflected in accrued contract liabilities.
Non-recurring production costs include design and engineering costs and test articles.
81
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Inventories are summarized by platform and costs below:
| December 31, 2015 |
| Product Inventory |
| Inventory | Non-Recurring | CapitalizedPre-Production | DeferredProduction | Forward LossProvision | Total Inventory, netDecember 31, 2015 |
| B787 | 222.7 | 9.8 | 42.1 | 558.5 | (606.0 | ) | 227.1 |
| Boeing — All other platforms(1) | 491.9 | 23.0 | 5.6 | (32.8 | ) | (28.8 | ) | 458.9 |
| A350 XWB | 148.7 | 35.3 | 94.2 | 679.4 | (113.8 | ) | 843.8 |
| Airbus — All other platforms | 90.8 | — | — | 9.2 | — | 100.0 |
| Rolls-Royce BR725(2) | 12.5 | — | 25.9 | 95.7 | (134.1 | ) | — |
| Aftermarket | 54.3 | — | — | — | — | 54.3 |
| Other platforms | 80.0 | 4.9 | — | 5.4 | — | 90.3 |
| Total | $ | 1,100.9 | $ | 73.0 | $ | 167.8 | $ | 1,315.4 | $ | (882.7 | ) | $ | 1,774.4 |

| December 31, 2014 |
| Product Inventory |
| Inventory | Non-Recurring | CapitalizedPre-Production | DeferredProduction | Forward LossProvision | Total Inventory, netDecember 31, 2014 |
| B787 | 227.9 | — | 102.7 | 551.6 | (606.0 | ) | 276.2 |
| Boeing — All other platforms(1) | 497.4 | 7.7 | 7.4 | (8.9 | ) | (38.8 | ) | 464.8 |
| A350 XWB | 148.7 | 35.6 | 76.4 | 607.6 | (120.1 | ) | 748.2 |
| Airbus — All other platforms | 82.1 | — | — | 5.6 | — | 87.7 |
| Rolls-Royce BR725(2) | 17.5 | — | 35.4 | 83.8 | (136.7 | ) | — |
| Aftermarket | 45.2 | 0.2 | — | — | — | 45.4 |
| Other platforms | 113.5 | 11.1 | 1.5 | 4.6 | — | 130.7 |
| Total | $ | 1,132.3 | $ | 54.6 | $ | 223.4 | $ | 1,244.3 | $ | (901.6 | ) | $ | 1,753.0 |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Forward loss charges recorded in prior periods on a program within Boeing - All other platforms exceeded the total inventory balance. The excess of the charge over program inventory is classified as a contract liability and reported in other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The total contract liability was zero and $2.1 as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. |

| (2) | Forward loss charges recorded in prior periods on the Rolls-Royce BR725 program exceeded the total inventory balance. The excess of the charge over program inventory is classified as a contract liability and reported in other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The total contract liability was $12.2 as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. |

Significant amortization of capitalized pre-production and deferred production inventory has occurred over the following contract block deliveries and will continue to occur over the following contract blocks:
| Model | Current BlockDeliveries | Contract BlockQuantity | Orders(1) |
| B787 | 408 | 500 | 779 |
| A350 XWB (2) | 64 | 400 | 762 |
| Rolls-Royce BR725 | 192 | 350 | 283 |

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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
_______________________________________
| (1) | Orders are from the published firm-order backlogs of Airbus and Boeing. For Rolls-Royce BR725, orders represent purchase orders received from OEMs and are not reflective of OEM sales backlog. Orders reported are total block orders, including delivered units. |

| (2) | Capitalized pre-production amortization over 800 shipsets. |

6. Property, Plant and Equipment, net
Property, plant and equipment, net consists of the following:
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 |
| Land | $ | 16.5 | $ | 17.1 |
| Buildings (including improvements) | 585.4 | 572.9 |
| Machinery and equipment | 1,210.6 | 1,125.5 |
| Tooling | 927.2 | 841.2 |
| Capitalized software | 219.7 | 208.3 |
| Construction-in-progress | 278.6 | 138.3 |
| Total | 3,238.0 | 2,903.3 |
| Less: accumulated depreciation | (1,287.3 | ) | (1,119.7 | ) |
| Property, plant and equipment, net | $ | 1,950.7 | $ | 1,783.6 |

Interest costs associated with construction-in-progress are capitalized until the assets are completed and ready for use. Capitalized interest was $6.0 and $4.0 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. The Company recognized repair and maintenance costs of $139.0, $113.4 and $112.5 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
The Company capitalizes certain costs, such as software coding, installation and testing, that are incurred to purchase or to create and implement internal use computer software. Depreciation expense related to capitalized software was $16.9, $18.3 and $19.6 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
The Company reviews capital and amortizing intangible assets (long-lived assets) for impairment on an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company evaluated its long-lived assets at its locations and determined that an impairment of $10.0 primarily related to obsolete machinery and equipment, $13.1 primarily related to abandoned construction-in-progress projects and zero was necessary for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
83
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
7. Other Assets
Other assets are summarized as follows:
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 |
| Intangible assets |
| Patents | $ | 1.9 | $ | 1.9 |
| Favorable leasehold interests | 6.3 | 6.3 |
| Total intangible assets | 8.2 | 8.2 |
| Less: Accumulated amortization-patents | (1.6 | ) | (1.5 | ) |
| Accumulated amortization-favorable leasehold interest | (3.8 | ) | (3.5 | ) |
| Intangible assets, net | 2.8 | 3.2 |
| Deferred financing |
| Deferred financing costs | 105.8 | 101.2 |
| Less: Accumulated amortization-deferred financing costs(1) | (86.3 | ) | (79.5 | ) |
| Deferred financing costs, net | 19.5 | 21.7 |
| Other |
| Goodwill — Europe | 2.7 | 2.9 |
| Equity in net assets of affiliates | 3.2 | 1.9 |
| Customer supply agreement(2) | 29.3 | 34.3 |
| Restricted Cash | 19.9 | 19.9 |
| Deferred Tax Asset - non-current(3) | 162.8 | — |
| Other | 40.6 | 39.7 |
| Total | $ | 280.8 | $ | 123.6 |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Includes charges related to debt extinguishment of $3.1 and $15.1 for the periods ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. |

| (2) | Under agreements with a customers and supplier, certain payments accounted for as consideration given by the Company to a customer and supplier are being amortized as a reduction to net revenues. |

| (3) | For further detail see Note 16, "Income Taxes." |

8. Advance Payments and Deferred Revenue/Credits
Advance payments. Advance payments are those payments made to Spirit by customers in contemplation of the future performance of services, receipt of goods, incurrence of expenditures or for other assets to be provided by Spirit under a contract and are repayable if such obligation is not satisfied. The amount of advance payments to be recovered against production units expected to be delivered within a year is classified as a short-term liability on the Company's consolidated balance sheet, with the balance of the unliquidated advance payments classified as a long-term liability.
On April 8, 2014, the Company signed a memorandum of agreement with Boeing which suspended advance repayments related to the B787 program for a period of twelve months beginning April 1, 2014. Repayment recommenced on April 1, 2015 and any repayments which otherwise would have become due during such twelve-month period will be offset against the purchase price for shipset 1,001 through 1,120.
Deferred revenue/credits. Deferred revenue/credits generally consist of nonrefundable amounts received in advance of revenue being earned for specific contractual deliverables or amounts that could be required to be refunded if certain performance obligations or conditions are not met. These payments are classified as deferred revenue/credits on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet when received and recognized as revenue as the production units are delivered or performance obligations or conditions are met.
84
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
In November 2014, Spirit and Boeing entered into a Memorandum of Agreement (the “November 2014 MOA”). As part of the November 2014 MOA, Boeing and Spirit established interim prices for certain B787 shipsets, and the parties agreed to negotiate future rate increases, recurring prices and other issues across multiple programs during 2015. Since the Company was unable to reach agreement with Boeing on these issues by the end of 2015, once the parties agree upon appropriate pricing for the B787-9, Boeing will be entitled to a retroactive adjustment on certain B787 payments which were based on the interim pricing. The amount Spirit received that is subject to a retroactive adjustment was recorded as deferred revenue, and was never recognized by the Company as revenue. The Company is engaged in discussions with Boeing concerning how to determine the subsequent B787-9 and initial B787-10 prices, and have not yet reached agreement.
Advance payments and deferred revenue/credits are summarized by platform as follows:
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 |
| B787 | $ | 909.3 | $ | 581.1 |
| Boeing — All other platforms | 13.8 | 16.4 |
| A350 XWB | 183.5 | 224.3 |
| Airbus — All other platforms | 4.0 | 4.1 |
| Other | 30.6 | 24.0 |
| Total advance payments and deferred revenue/credits | $ | 1,141.2 | $ | 849.9 |

9. Government Grants
The Company received grants in the form of government funding for a portion of the site construction and other specific capital asset costs at the Company's Kinston, North Carolina and Subang, Malaysia sites. Deferred grant income is being amortized as a reduction to production cost. This amortization is based on specific terms associated with the different grants. In North Carolina, the deferred grant income related to the capital investment criteria, which represents half of the grant, is being amortized over the lives of the assets purchased to satisfy the capital investment performance criteria. The other half of the deferred grant income is being amortized over a ten-year period, which began in 2010, in a manner consistent with the job performance criteria. Under the agreement, failure to meet job performance criteria, including creation of a targeted number of jobs, could result in Spirit making incremental rent payments to the North Carolina Global TransPark Authority over the initial term of the lease. The amount of the incremental rent payments would vary depending on Spirit’s level of attainment of these requirements, not to exceed a certain dollar threshold. In Malaysia, the deferred grant income is being amortized based on the estimated lives of the eligible assets constructed with the grant funds as there are no performance criteria. The assets related to deferred grant income are consolidated within property, plant and equipment.
Deferred grant income liability, net consists of the following:
| 2015 | 2014 |
| Balance, January 1 | $ | 106.3 | $ | 116.8 |
| Grant liability amortized | (1.8 | ) | (1.3 | ) |
| Grant income recognized | (8.6 | ) | (7.3 | ) |
| Exchange rate | (1.7 | ) | (1.9 | ) |
| Total liability related to deferred grant income, December 31 | $ | 94.2 | $ | 106.3 |

The asset related to the deferred grant income consists of the following:
| 2015 | 2014 |
| Balance, January 1 | $ | 113.2 | $ | 120.3 |
| Amortization | (5.0 | ) | (5.1 | ) |
| Exchange rate | (1.6 | ) | (2.0 | ) |
| Total asset value related to deferred grant income, December 31 | $ | 106.6 | $ | 113.2 |

85
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
10. Fair Value Measurements
FASB’s authoritative guidance on fair value measurements defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. It also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The guidance discloses three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
| Level 1 | Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 1 assets and liabilities include debt and equity securities and derivative contracts that are traded in an active exchange market. |
| Level 2 | Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 assets and liabilities include debt securities with quoted prices that are traded less frequently than exchange-traded instruments and derivative contracts whose value is determined using a pricing model with inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. Observable inputs, such as current and forward interest rates and foreign exchange rates, are used in determining the fair value of our interest rate swaps and foreign currency hedge contracts. |
| Level 3 | Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of assets and liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. |

| Fair Value Measurements |
| December 31, 2015 | At December 31, 2015 using |
| Description | Total CarryingAmount inBalance Sheet | AssetsMeasured atFair Value | LiabilitiesMeasured at FairValue | Quoted Prices inActive Marketsfor IdenticalAssets(Level 1) | SignificantOtherObservableInputs(Level 2) | SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3) |
| Money Market Fund | $ | 90.2 | $ | 90.2 | $ | — | $ | 90.2 | $ | — | $ | — |

| Fair Value Measurements |
| December 31, 2014 | At December 31, 2014 using |
| Description | Total CarryingAmount inBalance Sheet | AssetsMeasured atFair Value | LiabilitiesMeasured at FairValue | Quoted Prices inActive Marketsfor IdenticalAssets(Level 1) | SignificantOtherObservableInputs(Level 2) | SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3) |
| Money Market Fund | $ | 88.3 | $ | 88.3 | $ | — | $ | 88.3 | $ | — | $ | — |
| Interest Rate Swaps | $ | (1.1 | ) | $ | — | $ | (1.1 | ) | $ | — | $ | (1.1 | ) | $ | — |

The fair value of the interest rate swaps is determined by using mark-to-market reports generated for each derivative and evaluated for counterparty risk. In the case of the interest rate swaps, the Company evaluated its counterparty risk using credit default swaps, historical default rates and credit spreads.
The Company's long-term debt includes a senior secured term loan, senior unsecured notes and the Malaysian term loan. The estimated fair value of the Company's debt obligations is based on the quoted market prices for such obligations or the historical default rate for debt with similar credit ratings. The following table presents the carrying amount and estimated fair value of long-term debt:
86
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 |
| CarryingAmount | FairValue | CarryingAmount | FairValue |
| Senior secured term loan A (including current portion) | $ | 508.3 | $ | 501.6 | (2) | $ | — | $ | — | (2) |
| Senior secured term loan B (including current portion) | — | — | (1) | 534.4 | 527.1 | (1) |
| Senior unsecured notes due 2020 | 300.0 | 310.5 | (1) | 300.0 | 320.3 | (1) |
| Senior unsecured notes due 2022 | 299.5 | 304.8 | (1) | 299.5 | 304.7 | (1) |
| Malaysian loan | 3.2 | 2.8 | (2) | 6.7 | 5.8 | (2) |
| Total | $ | 1,111.0 | $ | 1,119.7 | $ | 1,140.6 | $ | 1,157.9 |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Level 1 Fair Value hierarchy |

| (2) | Level 2 Fair Value hierarchy |

11. Derivative and Hedging Activities
The Company has historically entered into interest rate swap agreements to reduce its exposure to the variable rate portion of its long-term debt. The Company does not use contracts for speculative or trading purposes. On the inception date, the Company designates a derivative contract as either a fair value or cash flow hedge and links the contract to either a specific asset or liability on the balance sheet, or to forecasted commitments or transactions. The Company assesses, both at the hedges' inception and on a quarterly basis, whether the derivative item is effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows. Any gains or losses on hedges are included in earnings when the underlying transaction that was hedged occurs. The Company also considers counterparty credit risk and its own credit risk in its determination of all estimated fair values.
Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments considered to be effective hedges are reported in other comprehensive income, net of tax. In the case of interest rate swaps, amounts are subsequently reclassified into interest expense as a yield adjustment of the hedged interest payments in the same period in which the related interest affects earnings. If the actual interest rate on the fixed rate portion of debt is less than LIBOR, the monies received are recorded as an offset to interest expense. Conversely, if the actual interest rate on the fixed rate portion of debt is greater than LIBOR, then the Company pays the difference, which is recorded to interest expense. Reclassifications of any amounts related to foreign currency hedge contracts would be recorded to earnings in the same period in which the underlying transaction occurs. Any change in the fair value resulting from ineffectiveness is immediately recognized in earnings.
The Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively when it is determined that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows of the hedged item; the derivative expires or is sold, terminated or exercised; the derivative is no longer designated as a hedging instrument because it is unlikely that a forecasted transaction will occur; or management determines that the designation of the derivative as a hedging instrument is no longer appropriate. When hedge accounting is discontinued, the Company would carry the derivative instrument on the balance sheet at its fair value with subsequent changes in fair value included in earnings, and gains and losses that were accumulated in other comprehensive income are recognized immediately in earnings to the extent the forecasted transaction is not expected to occur, or when the underlying transaction settles.
The Company has historically entered into derivative instruments covered by master netting arrangements whereby, in the event of a default as defined by the senior secured credit facility or termination event, the non-defaulting party has the right to offset any amounts payable against any obligation of the defaulting party under the same counterparty agreement. See Note 12, "Debt," for discussion of the Company's senior secured credit facilities.
Interest Rate Swaps
During the first quarter of 2015, as a result of Amendment No. 5 to its Credit Agreement, the Company unwound its interest rate swap agreements which had a notional amount of $250.0. The company recognized a loss of $0.4 as a result of settling these interest rate swaps. This loss on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments is included in Other Expense on the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015. In total, the Company paid $2.0 as a result of the settlement of the interest rate swap agreements.
87
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had no outstanding interest rate swap agreements. At December 31, 2014, the fair value of interest rate swaps designated as hedging instruments was a liability of $1.1.
12. Debt
Total debt shown on the balance sheet is comprised of the following:
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 |
| Current | Noncurrent | Current | Noncurrent |
| Senior secured term loan A | $ | 26.8 | $ | 481.5 | $ | — | $ | — |
| Senior secured term loan B | — | — | 5.5 | 528.9 |
| Senior notes due 2020 | — | 300.0 | — | 300.0 |
| Senior notes due 2022 | — | 299.5 | — | 299.5 |
| Malaysian term loan | 2.1 | 1.1 | 3.0 | 3.7 |
| Present value of capital lease obligations | 0.6 | 8.5 | 0.9 | 12.0 |
| Other | 6.1 | 7.0 | — | — |
| Total | $ | 35.6 | $ | 1,097.6 | $ | 9.4 | $ | 1,144.1 |

Senior Secured Credit Facilities
On April 18, 2012, Spirit, as borrower, Spirit Holdings, as parent guarantor, and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a $1,200.0 senior secured Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) consisting of a $650.0 revolving credit facility and a $550.0 term loan B facility. On March 18, 2015, Spirit, as borrower, entered into Amendment No. 5 (the “Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement. The Amendment provided for a new $535.0 senior secured term loan A (the “Term Loan”) with a maturity date of March 18, 2020, which replaced the term loan B which had an amount outstanding of approximately $534.9 (the “Term Loan B”) that was scheduled to mature on September 15, 2020. The Term Loan bears interest, at Spirit’s option, at either LIBOR plus 1.75% or a defined “base rate” plus 0.75%, subject to adjustment to amounts between and including LIBOR plus 1.75% and LIBOR plus 2.50% (or amounts between and including base rate plus 0.75% and base rate plus 1.50%, as applicable) based on changes to Spirit’s debt-to-EBITDA ratio. The principal obligations under the Term Loan are to be repaid in equal quarterly installments of $6.7, with the remaining balance due at maturity of the Term Loan. The revolving credit facility matures March 18, 2020 and bears interest, at Spirit's option, at either LIBOR, or a defined "base rate" plus an applicable margin based on Spirit's debt-to-EBITDA ratio (see table below). The Amendment maintained substantially the same prepayment requirements and covenant structure under the Credit Agreement, and provided the Company with some additional flexibility with respect to certain activities. Spirit used the proceeds of the Term Loan to pay off the Term Loan B and to pay a portion of the fees and expenses payable in connection with the Amendment.
Substantially all of Spirit's assets, including inventory and property, plant and equipment, continue to be restricted and pledged as collateral for both the Term Loan and the revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2015, the outstanding balance of the Term Loan was $508.3. As of December 31, 2014, the outstanding balance of the Term Loan B was $534.9 and the carrying amount of the Term Loan B was $534.4. As a result of extinguishment of the Term Loan B during the first quarter of 2015, the Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt of $3.6. Of this total charge, $3.1 is reflected within amortization of deferred financing fees and $0.5 is reflected within amortization expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015. The amount outstanding under the revolving credit facility was zero as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.
In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under the Credit Agreement, Spirit is required to pay an unused line fee on the unused portion of the commitments under the revolving credit facility based on Spirit's debt-to-EBITDA ratio (see table below). Spirit is required to pay letter of credit fees equal to the applicable margin for LIBOR rate revolving credit borrowings with respect to letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility (see table below). Spirit is also required to pay to the issuing banks that issue any letters of credit, fronting fees in respect of letters of credit and customary administrative fees to the administrative agent. At December 31, 2015, Spirit had no letter of credit outstanding. The Company was subject to pricing tier 4 at December 31, 2015. The applicable pricing tier is evaluated and adjusted, if necessary, on a quarterly basis as the debt-to-EBITDA ratio fluctuates.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
| Pricing Tier | Debt-to-EBITDARatio | CommitmentFee | Letter ofCreditFee | EurodollarRate Loans | Base RateLoans |
| 1 | ≥3.0:1 | 0.450% | 2.50% | 2.50% | 1.50% |
| 2 | <3.0:1 but ≥2.25:1 | 0.375% | 2.25% | 2.25% | 1.25% |
| 3 | <2.25:1 but ≥1.75:1 | 0.300% | 2.00% | 2.00% | 1.00% |
| 4 | <1.75:1 | 0.250% | 1.75% | 1.75% | 0.75% |

The Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including restrictions on indebtedness, liens, type of business, acquisitions, investments, sales or transfers of assets, payments of dividends, transactions with affiliates, change in control and other matters customarily restricted in such agreements. Additionally, provided no event of default has occurred and Spirit and its subsidiaries are in compliance with financial covenants, Spirit is permitted to pay dividends to Spirit Holdings limited in amount by restrictions described in the Credit Agreement.
The Credit Agreement also contains the following financial covenants (as defined in the Credit Agreement):
| Senior Secured Leverage Ratio | Shall not exceed 2.75:1.0 |
| Interest Coverage Ratio | Shall not be less than 4.0:1.0 |
| Total Leverage Ratio | Shall not exceed 4.0:1.0 |

As of December 31, 2015, Spirit was and expects to remain in full compliance with all covenants contained within the Credit Agreement through December 31, 2016.
Senior Notes
In November 2010, the Company issued $300.0 in aggregate principal amount of 6.75% Senior Notes due December 15, 2020 (the "2020 Notes"), with interest payable, in cash in arrears, on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning June 15, 2011. The 2020 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis by the Company and Spirit's existing and future domestic subsidiaries that guarantee Spirit's obligations under Spirit's senior secured credit facility. The carrying value of the 2020 Notes was $300.0 as of December 31, 2015.
In September 2009, the Company issued $300.0 in aggregate principal amount of 7.50% Senior Notes due October 1, 2017 (the “2017 Notes”). On March 4, 2014, the Company commenced a cash tender offer to purchase any and all of the $300.0 outstanding principal amount of its 2017 Notes and a consent solicitation to amend the indenture governing the 2017 Notes (the "2017 Notes Indenture") and eliminate substantially all of the restrictive covenants and certain default provisions applicable to the 2017 Notes (the "Tender Offer"). Tender and consent fees related to the early extinguishment of debt was $9.4, which is included within debt issuance cost on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014.
As a result of the extinguishment of the 2017 Notes, the Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of bonds of $13.4 and incurred third party fees of $1.1. Of this total charge of $14.5 related to extinguishment of the 2017 Notes, $11.6 is reflected within amortization of deferred financing fees and $2.9 is reflected within amortization expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014.
In March 2014, Spirit entered into a supplemental indenture to effect the proposed amendment to the 2017 Notes Indenture, when Spirit accepted for purchase $227.2 aggregate of the 2017 Notes that were tendered prior to March 17, 2014 for an aggregate purchase price of $244.4 inclusive of accrued and unpaid interest on the purchased 2017 Notes as of March 18, 2014. The supplemental indenture was binding on the 2017 Notes not purchased in the Tender Offer. The Tender Offer expired on March 31, 2014.
In March 2014, the Company issued the $300.0 aggregate principal amount of 5.25% Senior Notes due March 15, 2022 (the "2022 Notes") with interest payable, in cash in arrears, on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning September 15, 2014. The 2022 Notes are unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis, by the Company and its existing and future domestic subsidiaries that guarantee Spirit's obligations under its amended senior secured credit facility. The carrying value of the 2022 Notes was $299.5 as of December 31, 2015.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
On May 1, 2014, Spirit called for redemption of the $72.8 aggregate of 2017 Notes outstanding following the expiration of the Tender Offer. The 2017 Notes were redeemed at a redemption price equal to 103.75% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date. Following the redemption, none of the 2017 Notes remained outstanding.
As of December 31, 2015, we were and expect to remain in full compliance with all covenants contained in the indentures governing the 2020 Notes and the 2022 Notes through December 31, 2016.
Malaysian Facility Agreement
The Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, Spirit AeroSystems Malaysia SDN BHD is party to a Facility Agreement for a term loan facility for Ringgit Malaysia ("RM") 69.2 (approximately USD $20.0 equivalent) (the "Malaysia Facility"). The Malaysia Facility requires quarterly principal repayments of RM3.3 (approximately USD $1.0) from September 2011 through May 2017 and quarterly interest payments payable at a fixed interest rate of 3.50% per annum. As of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Malaysia Facility loan balance was $3.2 and $6.7, respectively.
French Factory Capital Lease Agreement
The Company's indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, Spirit AeroSystems France SARL is party to a capital lease agreement for €9.0 (approximately USD $13.1 equivalent) with a subsidiary of BNP Paribas Bank. Lease payments under the capital lease agreement are variable, subject to the three-month Euribor rate plus 2.20%. Lease payments are due quarterly through April 2025. As of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Saint-Nazaire capital lease balance was $7.3 and $8.8, respectively.
Nashville Design Center Capital Lease Agreement
In September 2012, the Company entered into a capital lease agreement for $2.6 for a portion of an office building in Nashville, Tennessee to be used for design of aerospace components. During the second quarter of 2015, the Company terminated its capital lease agreement for the design center, resulting in the capital lease balance at December 31, 2015 of zero. At December 31, 2014, the capital lease balance was $2.3.
13. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits
Multi-employer Pension Plan
In connection with the collective bargaining agreement signed with the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM), the Company contributes to a multi-employer defined benefit pension plan (IAM National Pension Fund). The level of contribution, as specified in the bargaining agreement was, in whole dollars, $1.75 per hour of employee service as of July 1, 2015. The IAM bargaining agreement provides for a $0.05 per hour increase, in whole dollars, effective July 1 of each year through 2019.
The collective bargaining agreement with the UAW requires the Company to contribute a specified amount per hour of service to a multi-employer defined benefit pension plan (IAM National Pension Fund). The specified amount was $1.55 in 2015. Per the negotiated UAW collective bargaining agreement, the pension contributions, in whole dollars, will be as follows:
Effective 1/1/2014 — $1.55
Effective 1/1/2016 — $1.60
Effective 1/1/2018 — $1.65
Effective 1/1/2019 — $1.70
Effective 1/1/2020 — $1.75
The risk of this multi-employer plan is different from single-employer plans in the following aspects:
| 1. | Assets contributed to the multi-employer plan by one employer may be used to provide benefits to employees of other participating employers. |

| 2. | If a participating employer stops contributing to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers. |

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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
| 3. | If the Company chooses to stop participating in the multi-employer plan, the Company may be required to pay the plan an amount based on the underfunded status of the plan, referred to as a withdrawal liability. |

The following table summarizes the multi-employer plan to which the Company contributes:
| Pension Protection Act Zone Status | ExpirationDate ofCollective-BargainingAgreement |
| FIP/RPStatusPending/Implemented | Contributions of the Company |
| EIN/PensionPlan Number | SurchargeImposed |
| Pension Fund | 2014 | 2015 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| IAM National Pension Fund | 51-60321295 | Green | Green | No | $ | 27.9 | $ | 33.1 | $ | 29.8 | No | IAM June 27, 2020UAW November 30, 2020 |
| Pension Fund | Year Company Contributions to Plan Exceeded More Than 5 Percent ofTotal Contributions (as of December 31 of the Plan's Year-End) |
| IAM National Pension Fund | 2013, 2014, 2015 |

Defined Contribution Plans
The Company contributes to a defined contribution plan available to all U.S. employees, excluding IAM and UAW represented employees. Under the plan, the Company makes a matching contribution of 75% of the employee contribution to a maximum 8% of eligible individual employee compensation. In addition, non-matching contributions based on an employee's age and years of service are paid at the end of each calendar year for certain employee groups.
The Company recorded $34.1, $36.0 and $39.1 in contributions to these plans for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
On April 1, 2006, as part of the acquisition of BAE Aerostructures, the Company established a defined contribution pension plan for those employees who are hired after the date of acquisition. Under the plan, the Company contributes 8% of base salary while participating employees are required to contribute 4% of base salary. The Company recorded $7.0 in contributions to this plan for the period ended December 31, 2015, $7.0 in contributions for the period ended December 31, 2014 and $1.8 in contributions for the period ended December 31, 2013.
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
Effective June 17, 2005, pension assets and liabilities were spun-off from three Boeing qualified plans into four qualified Spirit AeroSystems plans for each Spirit employee who did not retire from Boeing by August 1, 2005. Effective December 31, 2005, all four qualified plans were merged together. In addition, Spirit has one nonqualified plan providing supplemental benefits to executives (SERP) who transferred from a Boeing nonqualified plan to a Spirit AeroSystems plan and elected to keep their benefits in this plan. Both plans are frozen as of the date of the Boeing Acquisition (i.e., no future service benefits are being earned in these plans). The Company intends to fund its qualified pension plan through a trust. Pension assets are placed in trust solely for the benefit of the pension plans' participants and are structured to maintain liquidity that is sufficient to pay benefit obligations.
On April 1, 2006, as part of the acquisition of BAE Aerostructures, the Company established a defined benefit pension plan for those employees that had pension benefits remaining in BAE Systems' pension plan. In accordance with U.K. legislation, the plan and its assets are managed by an independent trustee company. The investment strategy adopted by this trustee is documented in a Statement of Investment Principles in line with U.K. legislation. The principles for the investment strategy are to maximize the long-term rate of return on plan assets within an acceptable level of risk while maintaining adequate funding levels. The trustee has invested the plan assets in pooled arrangements with authorized investment companies which were selected to be consistent with the plan's overall investment principles and strategy.
Effective December 31, 2013, the U.K. pension plan was closed and benefits were frozen and thereafter subject only to statutory pension revaluation, resulting in a net curtailment gain of $13.1. This gain was due to the loss of salary linkage for employed members of the plan, less the cost of other benefit changes made as part of the plan closure.
Other Post-Retirement Benefit Plans
The Company also has post-retirement health care coverage for eligible U.S. retirees and qualifying dependents prior to age 65. Eligibility for employer-provided benefits is limited to those employees who were employed at the date of the Boeing Acquisition and retire on or after attainment of age 62 and 10 years of service. Employees who do not satisfy these eligibility requirements
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
can retire with post-retirement medical benefits at age 55 and 10 years of service, but they must pay the full cost of medical benefits provided.
Obligations and Funded Status
The following tables reconcile the funded status of both pension and post-retirement medical benefits to the balance on the consolidated balance sheets for the fiscal years 2015 and 2014. Benefit obligation balances presented in the tables reflect the projected benefit obligation (PBO) and accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) for the Company's pension plans, and accumulated post-retirement benefit obligations (APBO) for the Company's post-retirement medical plan. The Company uses an end of fiscal year measurement date of December 31 for the Company's U.S. pension and post-retirement medical plans.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
| Pension Benefits | OtherPost-RetirementBenefits |
| Periods EndedDecember 31, | Periods EndedDecember 31, |
| U.S. Plans | 2015 | 2014 | 2015 | 2014 |
| Change in projected benefit obligation: |
| Beginning balance | $ | 1,124.4 | $ | 949.4 | $ | 77.5 | $ | 71.6 |
| Service cost | — | — | 2.2 | 2.3 |
| Employee contributions | — | — | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Interest cost | 44.4 | 45.9 | 2.2 | 2.7 |
| Actuarial (gains) and losses | (113.5 | ) | 173.2 | (6.1 | ) | 0.8 |
| Special Termination Benefits | — | 1.6 | — | 1.7 |
| Benefits paid | (44.2 | ) | (45.7 | ) | (3.0 | ) | (1.8 | ) |
| Projected benefit obligation at the end of the period | $ | 1,011.1 | $ | 1,124.4 | $ | 73.3 | $ | 77.5 |
| Assumptions used to determine benefit obligation: |
| Discount rate | 4.38 | % | 3.99 | % | 3.43 | % | 3.14 | % |
| Rate of compensation increase | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Medical assumptions: |
| Trend assumed for the year | N/A | N/A | 7.27 | % | 7.62 | % |
| Ultimate trend rate | N/A | N/A | 4.50 | % | 4.50 | % |
| Year that ultimate trend rate is reached | N/A | N/A | 2038 | 2030 |
| Change in fair value of plan assets: |
| Beginning balance | $ | 1,310.9 | $ | 1,179.3 | $ | — | $ | — |
| Actual return (loss) on assets | (23.6 | ) | 177.3 | — | — |
| Employer contributions to plan | 0.1 | — | 2.5 | 1.5 |
| Employee contributions to plan | — | — | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| Benefits paid | (44.2 | ) | (45.7 | ) | (3.0 | ) | (1.8 | ) |
| Expenses paid | — | — | — | — |
| Ending balance | $ | 1,243.2 | $ | 1,310.9 | $ | — | $ | — |
| Reconciliation of funded status to net amounts recognized: |
| Funded status (deficit) | $ | 232.1 | $ | 186.5 | $ | (73.3 | ) | $ | (77.5 | ) |
| Net amounts recognized | $ | 232.1 | $ | 186.5 | $ | (73.3 | ) | $ | (77.5 | ) |
| Amounts recognized in the balance sheet: |
| Noncurrent assets | $ | 233.3 | $ | 187.8 | $ | — | $ | — |
| Current liabilities | (0.1 | ) | (0.1 | ) | (6.8 | ) | (5.8 | ) |
| Noncurrent liabilities | (1.1 | ) | (1.2 | ) | (66.5 | ) | (71.7 | ) |
| Net amounts recognized | $ | 232.1 | $ | 186.5 | $ | (73.3 | ) | $ | (77.5 | ) |
| Amounts not yet reflected in net periodic benefit cost and included in AOCI: |
| Accumulated gain (loss) | (146.2 | ) | (161.8 | ) | 9.5 | 3.4 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) | $ | (146.2 | ) | $ | (161.8 | ) | $ | 9.5 | $ | 3.4 |
| Cumulative employer contributions in excess of net periodic benefit cost | 378.3 | 348.3 | (82.8 | ) | (80.9 | ) |
| Net amount recognized in the balance sheet | $ | 232.1 | $ | 186.5 | $ | (73.3 | ) | $ | (77.5 | ) |
| Information for pension plans with benefit obligations in excess of plan assets: |
| Projected benefit obligation/APBO | $ | 1.2 | $ | 1.3 | $ | 73.3 | $ | 77.5 |
| Accumulated benefit obligation | 1.2 | 1.3 | — | — |

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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
| Pension Benefits |
| Periods EndedDecember 31, |
| U.K. Plans | 2015 | 2014 |
| Change in projected benefit obligation: |
| Beginning balance | $ | 89.1 | $ | 78.3 |
| Service cost | 1.2 | 0.7 |
| Interest cost | 3.3 | 3.7 |
| Actuarial (gains) and losses | (3.2 | ) | 13.6 |
| Benefits paid | (1.6 | ) | (1.0 | ) |
| Expense paid | (1.2 | ) | (0.7 | ) |
| Exchange rate changes | (4.8 | ) | (5.5 | ) |
| Projected benefit obligation at the end of the period | $ | 82.8 | $ | 89.1 |
| Assumptions used to determine benefit obligation: |
| Discount rate | 4.00 | % | 3.80 | % |
| Rate of compensation increase | 3.10 | % | 3.15 | % |
| Change in fair value of plan assets: |
| Beginning balance | $ | 104.7 | $ | 99.7 |
| Actual return (loss) on assets | (0.1 | ) | 12.5 |
| Company contributions | 0.1 | 0.7 |
| Expenses paid | (1.1 | ) | (0.7 | ) |
| Benefits paid | (1.6 | ) | (1.0 | ) |
| Exchange rate changes | (5.6 | ) | (6.5 | ) |
| Ending balance | $ | 96.4 | $ | 104.7 |
| Reconciliation of funded status to net amounts recognized: |
| Funded status (deficit) | 13.6 | 15.6 |
| Net amounts recognized | $ | 13.6 | $ | 15.6 |
| Amounts recognized in the balance sheet: |
| Noncurrent assets | $ | 13.6 | $ | 15.6 |
| Net amounts recognized | $ | 13.6 | $ | 15.6 |
| Amounts not yet reflected in net periodic benefit cost and included in AOCI: |
| Accumulated gain (loss) | (3.9 | ) | (2.3 | ) |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) | (3.9 | ) | (2.3 | ) |
| Prepaid (unfunded accrued) pension cost | 17.5 | 17.9 |
| Net amount recognized in the balance sheet | $ | 13.6 | $ | 15.6 |
| Information for pension plans with benefit obligations in excess of plan assets: |
| Projected benefit obligation/APBO | $ | — | $ | — |
| Accumulated benefit obligation | — | — |
| Fair value of assets | $ | — | $ | — |

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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Annual Expense
The components of pension and other post-retirement benefit plans expense for the U.S. plans and the assumptions used to determine benefit obligations for each of the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:
| Pension Benefits | OtherPost-RetirementBenefits |
| Periods EndedDecember 31, | Periods EndedDecember 31, |
| U.S. Plans | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| Components of net periodic benefit cost (income): |
| Service cost | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 2.2 | $ | 2.3 | $ | 2.7 |
| Interest cost | 44.4 | 45.9 | 42.9 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 2.1 |
| Expected return on plan assets | (78.1 | ) | (76.1 | ) | (80.0 | ) | — | — | — |
| Amortization of net loss | 3.7 | — | 11.8 | — | — | — |
| Special Termination Benefits | — | 1.7 | (4.1 | ) | — | 1.7 | — |
| Net periodic benefit (income) cost | (30.0 | ) | (28.5 | ) | (29.4 | ) | 4.4 | 6.7 | 4.8 |
| Other changes recognized in OCI: |
| Total recognized in OCI (income) loss | $ | (15.5 | ) | $ | 72.0 | $ | (131.8 | ) | $ | (6.1 | ) | $ | 0.8 | $ | (8.6 | ) |
| Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and OCI | $ | (45.5 | ) | $ | 43.5 | $ | (161.2 | ) | $ | (1.7 | ) | $ | 7.5 | $ | (3.8 | ) |
| Assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit costs: |
| Discount rate | 3.99 | % | 4.89 | % | 4.01 | % | 3.14 | % | 3.89 | % | 2.94 | % |
| Expected return on plan assets | 6.00 | % | 6.50 | % | 7.00 | % | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Salary increases | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Medical Assumptions: |
| Trend assumed for the year | N/A | N/A | N/A | 7.62 | % | 8.50 | % | 8.50 | % |
| Ultimate trend rate | N/A | N/A | N/A | 4.50 | % | 4.50 | % | 4.50 | % |
| Year that ultimate trend rate is reached | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2030 | 2030 | 2030 |

The estimated net loss that will be amortized from other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year is $2.8 for Pension Benefits and $0.3 for Other Post-Retirement Benefits plans.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
The components of the pension benefit plan expense for the U.K. plans and the assumptions used to determine benefit obligations for each of the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are as follows:
| Pension Benefits |
| Periods EndedDecember 31, |
| U.K. Plans | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| Components of net periodic benefit cost (income): |
| Service cost | $ | 1.2 | $ | 0.7 | $ | 7.2 |
| Interest cost | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.2 |
| Expected return on plan assets | (4.9 | ) | (5.7 | ) | (4.6 | ) |
| Amortization of net (gain) | — | — | (0.1 | ) |
| Curtailment (gain) loss recognized | — | — | (13.1 | ) |
| Net periodic benefit (cost) income | $ | (0.4 | ) | $ | (1.4 | ) | $ | (7.4 | ) |
| Other changes recognized in OCI: |
| Total income recognized in OCI | $ | 1.5 | $ | 6.8 | $ | 4.5 |
| Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and OCI | $ | 1.1 | $ | 5.4 | $ | (2.9 | ) |
| Assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit costs: |
| Discount rate | 3.80 | % | 4.75 | % | 4.70 | % |
| Expected return on plan assets | 4.80 | % | 5.80 | % | 5.80 | % |
| Salary increases | 3.05 | % | 3.25 | % | 3.10 | % |

The estimated net (gain) loss that will be amortized from other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year for the U.K. plan is zero.
Assumptions
The Company sets the discount rate assumption annually for each of its retirement-related benefit plans as of the measurement date, based on a review of projected cash flow and a long-term high-quality corporate bond yield curve. The discount rate determined on each measurement date is used to calculate the benefit obligation as of that date, and is also used to calculate the net periodic benefit (income)/cost for the upcoming plan year. During 2015, the mortality assumption for the U.S. plans was updated to Mercer’s MRP-2007 generational mortality tables for non-annuitants and Mercer’s MILES-2010 generational tables for the Auto, Industrial Goods and Transportation group for annuitants both reflecting Mercer’s MMP-2007 improvement scale. A blue collar adjustment is reflected for the hourly union participants and a white collar adjustment is reflected for all other participants. Actuarial gains and losses are amortized using the corridor method over the average working lifetimes of active participants/membership.
The pension expected return on assets assumption is derived from the long-term expected returns based on the investment allocation by class specified in the Company's investment policy. The expected return on plan assets determined on each measurement date is used to calculate the net periodic benefit (income)/cost of the upcoming plan year.
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the health care plans. To determine the health care cost trend rates the Company considers national health trends and adjusts for its specific plan design and locations. The trend and aging assumptions were updated during 2015 to reflect more current trends.
A one-percentage point increase in the initial through ultimate assumed health care trend rates would have increased the accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation by $5.0 at December 31, 2015 and the aggregate service and interest cost components of non-pension post-retirement benefit expense for 2015 by $0.3. A one-percentage point decrease would have decreased the obligation by $4.6 and the aggregate service and interest cost components of non-pension post-retirement benefit expense for 2015 by $0.3.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
U.S. Plans
The Company's investment objective is to achieve long-term growth of capital, with exposure to risk set at an appropriate level. This objective shall be accomplished through the utilization of a diversified asset mix consisting of equities (domestic and international) and taxable fixed income securities. The allowable asset allocation range is:
| Equities | 20 - 50% |
| Fixed income | 50 - 80% |
| Real estate | 0 - 7% |

Investment guidelines include that no security, except issues of the U.S. Government, shall comprise more than 5% of total Plan assets and further, no individual portfolio shall hold more than 7% of its assets in the securities of any single entity, except issues of the U.S. Government. The following derivative transactions are prohibited — leverage, unrelated speculation and "exotic" collateralized mortgage obligations or CMOs. Investments in hedge funds, private placements, oil and gas and venture capital must be specifically approved by the Company in advance of their purchase.
The Company's plans have asset allocations for the U.S., as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, as follows:
| 2015 | 2014 |
| Asset Category — U.S. |
| Equity securities — U.S. | 29 | % | 29 | % |
| Equity securities — International | 4 | % | 4 | % |
| Debt securities | 65 | % | 65 | % |
| Real estate | 2 | % | 2 | % |
| Total | 100 | % | 100 | % |

U.K. Plans
The Trustee's investment objective is to ensure that they can meet their obligation to the beneficiaries of the Plan. An additional objective is to achieve a return on the total Plan, which is compatible with the level of risk considered appropriate. The overall benchmark allocation of the Plan's assets is:
| Equity securities | 45 | % |
| Debt securities | 50 | % |
| Property | 5 | % |

The Company's plans have asset allocations for the U.K., as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, as follows:
| 2015 | 2014 |
| Asset Category — U.K. |
| Equity securities | 34 | % | 35 | % |
| Debt securities | 60 | % | 60 | % |
| Other | 6 | % | 5 | % |
| Total | 100 | % | 100 | % |

Projected contributions and benefit payments
Required pension contributions under Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) regulations are expected to be zero in 2016 and discretionary contributions are not expected in 2016. SERP and post-retirement medical plan contributions in 2016 are not expected to exceed $6.8. Expected contributions to the U.K. plan for 2016 are zero.
97
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
The Company monitors its defined benefit pension plan asset investments on a quarterly basis and believes that the Company is not exposed to any significant credit risk in these investments.
The total benefits expected to be paid over the next ten years from the plans' assets or the assets of the Company, by country, are as follows:
| U.S. | Pension Plans | OtherPost-RetirementBenefit Plans |
| 2016 | $ | 24.3 | $ | 6.7 |
| 2017 | $ | 28.8 | $ | 7.1 |
| 2018 | $ | 33.7 | $ | 7.3 |
| 2019 | $ | 38.6 | $ | 7.8 |
| 2020 | $ | 43.8 | $ | 8.1 |
| 2021-2025 | $ | 286.0 | $ | 37.8 |

| U.K. | Pension Plans |
| 2016 | $ | 1.6 |
| 2017 | $ | 1.6 |
| 2018 | $ | 1.6 |
| 2019 | $ | 1.7 |
| 2020 | $ | 1.7 |
| 2021-2025 | $ | 9.5 |

Fair Value Measurements
The pension plan assets are valued at fair value. A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the investments measured at fair value, including the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.
Temporary Cash Investments — These investments consist of U.S. dollars and foreign currencies held in master trust accounts. Foreign currencies held are reported in terms of U.S. dollars based on currency exchange rates readily available in active markets. These temporary cash investments are classified as level 1 investments.
Collective Investment Trusts — These investments are public investment vehicles valued using market prices and performance of the fund. The trust allocates notional units to the policy holder based on the underlying notional unit buy (offer) price using the middle market price plus transaction costs. These investments are classified within level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. In addition, the collective investment trust includes a real estate fund which is classified within level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.
Commingled Equity and Bond Funds — These investments are valued at the closing price reported by the Plan Trustee. These investments are not being traded in an active market, but are backed by various investment securities managed by the Bank of New York. Fair value is being calculated using unobservable inputs that rely on the Bank of New York's own assumptions and are therefore classified within level 2 of the valuation hierarchy, although these assumptions are based on underlying investments which are traded on an active market.
98
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
As of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the pension plan assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:
| At December 31, 2015 Using |
| Description | December 31, 2015 Total | Quoted Prices inActive Marketsfor IdenticalAssets(Level 1) | SignificantOtherObservableInputs(Level 2) | SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3) |
| Temporary Cash Investments | $ | 0.6 | $ | 0.6 | $ | — | $ | — |
| Collective Investment Trusts | 95.8 | — | 90.2 | 5.6 |
| Commingled Equity and Bond Funds | 1,243.2 | — | 1,243.2 | — |
| $ | 1,339.6 | $ | 0.6 | $ | 1,333.4 | $ | 5.6 |

| At December 31, 2014 Using |
| Description | December 31, 2014 Total | Quoted Prices inActive Marketsfor IdenticalAssets(Level 1) | SignificantOtherObservableInputs(Level 2) | SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3) |
| Temporary Cash Investments | $ | 0.3 | $ | 0.3 | $ | — | $ | — |
| Collective Investment Trusts | 104.4 | — | 99.1 | 5.3 |
| Commingled Equity and Bond Funds | 1,310.9 | — | 1,310.9 | — |
| $ | 1,415.6 | $ | 0.3 | $ | 1,410.0 | $ | 5.3 |

The table below sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the Plan's level 3 investment assets and liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014:
| December 31, 2015 |
| Description | BeginningFair Value | Purchases | Gain (Loss) | Sales,Maturities,Settlements, Net | Exchangerate | Ending FairValue |
| Collective Investment Trusts | $ | 5.3 | $ | — | $ | 0.6 | $ | — | $ | (0.3 | ) | $ | 5.6 |
| $ | 5.3 | $ | — | $ | 0.6 | $ | — | $ | (0.3 | ) | $ | 5.6 |

| December 31, 2014 |
| Description | BeginningFair Value | Purchases | Gain (Loss) | Sales,Maturities,Settlements, Net | Exchangerate | Ending FairValue |
| Collective Investment Trusts | $ | 4.7 | $ | 0.1 | $ | 0.8 | $ | — | $ | (0.3 | ) | $ | 5.3 |
| $ | 4.7 | $ | 0.1 | $ | 0.8 | $ | — | $ | (0.3 | ) | $ | 5.3 |

14. Capital Stock
Holdings has authorized 360,000,000 shares of stock. Of that, 200,000,000 shares are class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, one vote per share, 150,000,000 shares are class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share, one vote per share and 10,000,000 shares are preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.
In March, June and August 2014, certain selling stockholders sold 22,915,300 shares of the Company's class A common stock at prices to the public ranging from $28.62 to $35.90 per share in secondary offerings of the Company's class A common stock. Following the August offering, Onex no longer held any investment in the Company.
99
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
In association with the Boeing Acquisition, Spirit executives with balances in Boeing's Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (SERP) were authorized to purchase a fixed number of units of Holdings "phantom stock" at $3.33 per unit based on the present value of their SERP balances. Under this arrangement, 860,244 phantom units were purchased. Any payment on account of units may be made in cash or shares of common stock at the sole discretion of Holdings. The balance of SERP units was 94,143 and 227,820 as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
Repurchases of Common Stock
During the period ended December 31, 2014, the Company repurchased $4.0 million shares of its class A common stock for $129.2.
In July 2015, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $350.0 of the Company's common stock by December 31, 2017.
During the period ended December 31, 2015, the Company repurchased 5.7 million shares of its class A common stock for $300.0. The Company had remaining $50.0 authorized by the Board of Directors for repurchase, which it used in January 2016 through the purchase of 1.0 million shares of class A common stock.
15. Stock Compensation
Holdings has established various stock compensation plans which include restricted share grants and stock purchase plans. Compensation values are based on the value of Holdings' common stock at the grant date. The common stock value is added to equity and charged to period expense or included in inventory and cost of sales.
On April 30, 2014, the Company’s Board of Directors approved an Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "Omnibus Plan"), which replaces the Executive Incentive Plan, Short-Term Incentive Plan, Long-Term Incentive Plan and Director Stock Plan (collectively referred to as "Prior Plans"). No new awards will be granted under the Prior Plans. Outstanding awards under the Prior Plans will continue to be governed by the terms of such plans until exercised, expired, or otherwise terminated or canceled. The adoption of the Omnibus Plan was non-dilutive to the Company's stockholders.
For the fiscal period ended December 31, 2015, Holdings has recognized a net total of $26.0 of stock compensation expense. The entire $26.0 of net stock compensation expense recorded in 2015 was charged directly to selling, general and administrative expense. Holdings recognized a total of $16.4 and $19.6 of stock compensation expense for the periods ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
Executive Incentive Plan
The Company's Executive Incentive Plan, or EIP, was designed to provide participants with the opportunity to acquire an equity interest in the Company through direct purchase of shares of the Company's class B common stock at prices established by the Board of Directors or through grants of class B restricted common stock with performance based vesting.
Prior to 2014, the Company had issued restricted shares as part of the Company's EIP. The restricted shares were granted in groups of four shares. Participants do not have the unrestricted rights of stockholders until those shares vest. The shares may vest upon a liquidity event, with the number of shares vested based upon a participant's number of years of service to the Company, the portion of the investment by Onex and its affiliates liquidated through the date of the liquidity event and the return on invested capital by Onex and its affiliates through the date of the liquidity event. If a specific type of liquidity event has not occurred by the 10th year, shares may vest based on a valuation of the Company.
The Company's initial public offering in November 2006 (the "IPO") and secondary offerings in May 2007, April 2011 and March, June and August 2014 were considered liquidity events under the EIP. In the August 2014 secondary offering, Onex sold 100% of its remaining investment in the Company and as a result all remaining EIP shares vested upon the liquidity event. Subsequent to the liquidating event, the Company no longer awards shares under this plan.
100
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
The following table summarizes the activity of restricted shares under the EIP for the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
| Shares | Value(1) |
| (Thousands) |
| Executive Incentive Plan |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2012 | 880 | $ | 9.8 |
| Vested during period | — | — |
| Forfeited during period | (11 | ) | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2013 | 869 | 9.8 |
| Vested during period | (869 | ) | (9.8 | ) |
| Forfeited during period | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2014 | — | — |
| Vested during period | — | — |
| Forfeited during period | — | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2015 | — | $ | — |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Value represents grant date fair value. |

Board of Directors Stock Awards
The Company's Director Stock Plan provided non-employee directors the opportunity to receive grants of restricted shares of class A common stock, or Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) or a combination of both common stock and RSUs. The class A common stock grants and RSU grants vest one year from the grant date. The RSU grants are payable upon the director's separation from service. The Board of Directors or its authorized committee were authorized to make discretionary grants of shares or RSUs from time to time. In April 2008, the Director Stock Plan was amended such that all issuances of stock pursuant to the plan after that date would be grants of class A common stock or RSUs. All shares granted prior to April 2008 were class B common stock. Since the adoption of the Omnibus Plan in April 2014, grants of equity to directors are made under the Omnibus Plan instead of the Director Stock Plan.
For each non-employee director of the Company, at least one-half of their annual director compensation is required to be paid in the form of a grant of class A common stock and/or RSUs, as elected by each director. In addition, each director may elect to have all or any portion of the remainder of their annual director compensation paid in cash or in the form of a grant of class A stock and/or RSUs. If participants cease to serve as directors within a year of the grant, the restricted shares and/or RSUs are forfeited. In 2015, the Board of Directors authorized a grant of 20,940 shares of restricted class A common stock, valued at $1.1 based on the share price of the Company's common stock at the grant dates. Additionally, 27,450 shares of class A common stock, including 5,067 Restricted Stock Units, with an aggregate grant date fair value of $1.0 awarded under the Company's Director Stock Plan vested during the twelve months ended December 31, 2015. The Company expensed a net amount of $1.1 for the Board of Directors shares for the period ended December 31, 2015. The Company expensed $0.9 and $0.7 for the periods ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. The Company's unamortized stock compensation related to these restricted shares is $0.4 which will be recognized over a weighted average remaining period of 4 months. The intrinsic value of the unvested shares based on the value of the Company's stock at December 31, 2015 was $1.0, based on the value of the Company's stock and the number of unvested shares.
101
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
The following table summarizes stock and RSU grants to members of the Company's Board of Directors for the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
| Shares | Value(1) |
| Class A | Class B | Class A | Class B |
| (Thousands) |
| Board of Directors Stock Grants |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2012 | 29 | — | $ | 0.7 | $ | — |
| Granted during period | 39 | — | 0.9 | — |
| Vested during period | (29 | ) | — | (0.7 | ) | — |
| Forfeited during period | — | — | — | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2013 | 39 | — | 0.9 | — |
| Granted during period | 32 | — | 1.1 | — |
| Vested during period | (37 | ) | — | (0.8 | ) | — |
| Forfeited during period | (4 | ) | — | (0.1 | ) | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2014 | 30 | — | 1.1 | — |
| Granted during period | 21 | — | 1.1 | — |
| Vested during period | (27 | ) | — | (1.0 | ) | — |
| Forfeited during period | (3 | ) | — | (0.1 | ) | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2015 | 21 | — | $ | 1.1 | $ | — |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Value represents grant date fair value. |

Short-Term Incentive Plan
The Short-Term Incentive Program under the Omnibus Plan enables eligible employees to receive incentive benefits in the form of restricted stock in the Company, cash, or both, as determined by the Board of Directors or its authorized committee. Effective in the first quarter of 2014, the Company made the determination to pay its short term incentive awards, which are based on Company performance, 100% in cash.
The Company expensed $0.1 and $1.3 for shares granted under the Short-Term Incentive Plan ("STIP"), under which short-term awards were made prior to the adoption of the Omnibus Plan for the periods ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
102
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
The following table summarizes the activity of the restricted shares under the STIP for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
| Shares | Value(1) |
| (Thousands) |
| Short-Term Incentive Plan |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2012 | 96 | $ | 2.3 |
| Granted during period | 86 | 1.4 |
| Vested during period | (113 | ) | (2.6 | ) |
| Forfeited during period | (7 | ) | (0.1 | ) |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2013 | 62 | 1.0 |
| Granted during period | — | — |
| Vested during period | (62 | ) | (1.0 | ) |
| Forfeited during period | — | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2014 | — | — |
| Granted during period | — | — |
| Vested during period | — | — |
| Forfeited during period | — | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2015 | — | $ | — |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Value represents grant date fair value. |

Long-Term Incentive Awards
The Fourth Amended and Restated Long-Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP") is designed to encourage retention of key employees, and awards were made under the LTIP for this purpose prior to the adoption of the Omnibus Plan.
The Omnibus Plan approved on April 30, 2014 includes a Long-Term Incentive Award (LTIA) for the 2014 plan year and forward. The awards are based on the new LTIA design that provide both time and performance based incentives.
•75% of the LTIA is service-based restricted stock that will vest in equal installments over a three-year period.
| • | 25% of the LTIA is market-based restricted stock that will vest on the third-year anniversary of the grant date contingent upon total shareholder return (TSR) compared to a group of the Company’s peers. |

During the quarter ended December 31, 2015, the Board of Directors approved grants of 2,829 shares of class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of $0.2 under the service-based portion of the Company's LTIA.
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 535,648 shares of class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of $26.6 were granted under the service-based portion of the Company's LTIA. In addition, 96,423 shares of class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of $6.2 were granted under the market-based portion of the Company's LTIA under the Omnibus Plan and such shares are eligible to vest on the three-year anniversary of the grant date depending on total shareholder return compared to a group of the Company's peers. Additionally, 878,706 shares of class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of $21.6 awarded under the Company's LTIP vested during the twelve months ended December 31, 2015.
During the quarter ended December 31, 2014, 7,314 shares of class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of $0.3 were granted under the service-based portion of the Company's LTIA. In addition, 600 shares of class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of less than $0.1 were granted under the market-based portion of the Company's LTIA.
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2014, the Board of Directors approved grants of 564,509 shares of class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of $19.0 under the service-based portion of the Company's LTIA under the Omnibus Plan and such shares will vest annually in three equal installments beginning on the one-year anniversary of the grant date. In addition, 125,212 shares of class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of $5.6 were granted under the market-
103
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
based portion of the Company's LTIA under the Omnibus Plan and such shares are eligible to vest on the three-year anniversary of the grant date depending on total shareholder return compared to a group of the Company's peers. Additionally, 547,982 shares of class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of $12.5 awarded under the Company's Long-Term Incentive Plan vested during 2014.
During the quarter ended December 31, 2013, 103,337 class A shares with an aggregate grant date fair value of $3.1 were granted pursuant to the LTIP and will vest annually in three equal installments beginning on the two-year anniversary of the May 2013 grant date. In addition, 33,859 class A shares with an aggregate grant date fair value of $1.0 were granted in November 2013 and will vest annually in three equal installments beginning September 2014.
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, the Board of Directors approved grants of 1,510,634 class A shares with an aggregate grant date fair value of $32.4 pursuant to the Company's Long-Term Incentive Plan and such shares will vest annually in three equal installments beginning on the two-year anniversary of the grant date. Additionally, 288,047 class A shares with an aggregate grant date fair value of $6.0 were granted and will vest annually in three equal installments beginning on the one-year anniversary date of April 2013. In June 2013, 34,425 shares of class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of $0.7 were granted pursuant to the Company's Long-Term Incentive Plan to employees at the UK location pursuant to a union contract ratification. These shares vested approximately one week after issuance. In addition, 33,859 class A shares with an aggregate grant date fair value of $1.0 were granted in November 2013 and will vest annually in three equal installments beginning September 2014.
The Company expensed a total of $24.9 for the unvested class A LTIA shares in the twelve months ended December 31, 2015. The Company expensed a net total of $15.4 and $17.6 for class A LTIP and LTIA shares for the periods ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
The Company's unamortized stock compensation related to these unvested class A shares is $40.6 which will be recognized over a weighted average remaining period of 1.7 years. The intrinsic value of the unvested class A LTIA shares at December 31, 2015 was $92.0, based on the value of the Company's common stock and the number of unvested shares.
The following table summarizes the activity of the restricted shares under the LTIP and LTIA for the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
| Shares | Value(1) |
| Class A | Class B | Class A | Class B |
| (Thousands) |
| Long-Term Incentive Plan/Long-Term Incentive Award under Omnibus Plan |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2012 | 1,704 | — | $ | 38.3 | $ | — |
| Granted during period | 1,867 | — | 40.1 | — |
| Vested during period | (552 | ) | — | (11.0 | ) | — |
| Forfeited during period | (661 | ) | — | (15.1 | ) | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2013 | 2,358 | — | 52.3 | — |
| Granted during period | 690 | — | 24.6 | — |
| Vested during period | (548 | ) | — | (12.5 | ) | — |
| Forfeited during period | (245 | ) | — | (6.1 | ) | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2014 | 2,255 | — | 58.3 | — |
| Granted during period | 632 | — | 32.8 | — |
| Vested during period | (879 | ) | — | (21.6 | ) | — |
| Forfeited during period | (171 | ) | — | (5.1 | ) | — |
| Nonvested at December 31, 2015 | 1,837 | — | $ | 64.4 | $ | — |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Value represents grant date fair value. |

104
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
16. Income Taxes
The following summarizes pretax income (loss):
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| U.S. | $ | 739.4 | $ | 194.2 | $ | (499.8 | ) |
| International | 68.7 | 68.2 | 69.0 |
| Total (before equity earnings) | $ | 808.1 | $ | 262.4 | $ | (430.8 | ) |

The tax provision contains the following components:
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| Current |
| Federal | $ | 175.5 | $ | (91.0 | ) | $ | (17.1 | ) |
| State | 3.5 | (0.9 | ) | (2.1 | ) |
| Foreign | 5.5 | 4.0 | 4.2 |
| Total current | $ | 184.5 | $ | (87.9 | ) | $ | (15.0 | ) |
| Deferred |
| Federal | $ | (119.1 | ) | $ | — | $ | 139.0 |
| State | (48.9 | ) | (2.0 | ) | 57.8 |
| Foreign | 4.1 | (6.0 | ) | 9.3 |
| Total deferred | (163.9 | ) | (8.0 | ) | 206.1 |
| Total tax provision (benefit) | $ | 20.6 | $ | (95.9 | ) | $ | 191.1 |

The income tax provision from operations differs from the tax provision computed at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate due to the following:
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| Tax at U.S. Federal statutory rate | $ | 283.3 | 35.0 | % | $ | 91.8 | 35.0 | % | $ | (150.8 | ) | 35.0 | % |
| State income taxes, net of Federal benefit | 15.0 | 1.9 | 4.1 | 1.6 | (12.2 | ) | 2.8 |
| State income tax credits, net of Federal benefit | (4.1 | ) | (0.5 | ) | (9.0 | ) | (3.4 | ) | (7.7 | ) | 1.8 |
| Foreign rate differences | (13.5 | ) | (1.7 | ) | (12.3 | ) | (4.7 | ) | (6.8 | ) | 1.6 |
| Research and Experimentation | (3.3 | ) | (0.4 | ) | (3.0 | ) | (1.1 | ) | (10.9 | ) | 2.5 |
| Domestic Production Activities Deduction | (17.8 | ) | (2.2 | ) | — | — | — | — |
| Interest on assessments | (1.0 | ) | (0.1 | ) | (3.7 | ) | (1.4 | ) | (0.6 | ) | 0.1 |
| Valuation Allowance - U.S. Deferred Tax Asset | (241.9 | ) | (29.9 | ) | (167.2 | ) | (63.7 | ) | 381.0 | (88.4 | ) |
| Other | 3.9 | 0.5 | 3.4 | 1.2 | (0.9 | ) | 0.2 |
| Total provision (benefit) for income taxes | $ | 20.6 | 2.6 | % | $ | (95.9 | ) | (36.5 | )% | $ | 191.1 | (44.4 | )% |

105
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Significant tax effected temporary differences comprising the net deferred tax assets are as follows:
| 2015 | 2014 |
| Long-term contracts | $ | 142.4 | $ | 207.8 |
| Post-retirement benefits other than pensions | 27.2 | 29.2 |
| Pension and other employee benefit plans | (64.4 | ) | (48.8 | ) |
| Employee compensation accruals | 52.6 | 69.3 |
| Depreciation and amortization | (124.6 | ) | (120.4 | ) |
| Inventory | 2.1 | 2.9 |
| Interest swap contracts | — | (1.0 | ) |
| State income tax credits | 70.5 | 70.5 |
| Accruals and reserves | 85.8 | 62.4 |
| Deferred production | (2.4 | ) | (3.3 | ) |
| Deferred gain — severe weather event | (21.2 | ) | (21.2 | ) |
| Net operating loss carryforward | 0.6 | 6.5 |
| Other | (3.8 | ) | (1.6 | ) |
| Net deferred tax asset | 164.8 | 252.3 |
| Valuation allowance | (15.1 | ) | (257.3 | ) |
| Net deferred tax asset | $ | 149.7 | $ | (5.0 | ) |

Deferred tax detail above is included in the consolidated balance sheet and supplemental information as follows:
| 2015 | 2014 |
| Current deferred tax assets | $ | — | $ | 53.2 |
| Current deferred tax liabilities | — | (0.3 | ) |
| Net current deferred tax asset | $ | — | $ | 52.9 |
| Non-current deferred tax assets | 162.8 | — |
| Non-current deferred tax liabilities | (13.1 | ) | (57.9 | ) |
| Net non-current deferred tax asset | $ | 149.7 | $ | (57.9 | ) |
| Total deferred tax asset | $ | 149.7 | $ | (5.0 | ) |

The following is a roll forward of the deferred tax valuation allowance at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
| Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| Balance, January 1 | $ | 257.3 | $ | 396.5 | $ | 10.4 |
| US deferred tax asset | (109.3 | ) | 40.4 | 381.0 |
| Income tax credits | (57.4 | ) | 9.1 | 3.7 |
| Depreciation and amortization | 119.6 | 16.3 | 0.2 |
| Long-term contracts | (194.6 | ) | (205.0 | ) | — |
| Other | (0.5 | ) | — | 1.2 |
| Balance, December 31 | $ | 15.1 | $ | 257.3 | $ | 396.5 |

A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. When determining the amount of net deferred tax assets that are more likely than not to be realized, the Company assesses all available positive and negative evidence. The weight given to the positive and negative evidence is commensurate with the extent the evidence may be objectively verified.
106
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Based on an evaluation of both the positive and negative evidence available, management determined that it was necessary to establish a valuation allowance against the Company's net U.S. deferred tax assets in 2013. The Company had experienced significant cumulative operating losses which were a result of forward losses recorded on certain development programs. The valuation allowance was established based on the Company's conclusion that it was more likely than not that these deferred tax assets would not be realized. The more likely than not conclusion was based primarily on the fact that the Company's operating losses resulted in a three-year cumulative loss position, and that estimates of future taxable income at that time were difficult to reasonably predict based upon forward losses that had been recorded on development programs and the maturity of those programs. Management's conclusion was that the cumulative three-year operating losses were significant negative evidence which was difficult to overcome. Given the objectively verifiable negative evidence of a three-year cumulative loss and the weighting of all available positive evidence, including objectively verifiable favorable performance on certain mature programs, the Company excluded projected taxable income (aside from reversing taxable temporary differences) from the Company's assessment of income that could be used as a source of taxable income to realize the Company's deferred tax assets.
Throughout 2014 and through the first three quarters of 2015, the Company's trends were consistently improving operating profits, no material new forward losses, generation of positive taxable income exclusive of the impact of the Gulfstream divestiture in 2014, and utilization of underlying deferred tax assets. In line with accounting guidance, the utilization of underlying deferred tax assets and positive taxable income led to the reversal of a portion of the valuation allowance that was originally established in 2013.
Consistent with each quarter since the establishment of the valuation allowance, management performed an evaluation of all available positive and negative evidence to determine whether it was appropriate to maintain the valuation allowance in full, release a portion of the valuation allowance based upon utilization, or fully release the remaining valuation allowance. The key sources of evidence that management considered in the third quarter of 2015 are outlined below:
Positive evidence
| • | The Company generated cumulative positive U.S. profits, adjusted for permanent items, of approximately $260.0 for the twelve quarters ended October 1, 2015. |

| • | During the quarter ended October 1, 2015, the Company exited its three-year cumulative operating loss position, which eliminated the most significantly weighted objectively verifiable negative evidence included in the Company's deferred tax asset valuation allowance evaluation. |

| • | The Company has existing long-term life of program contracts with firm backlog of approximately $46.9 billion, a substantial portion of which relates to mature U.S. programs with demonstrated recurring performance. |

| • | The Company’s projections forecast U.S. pre-tax book income and U.S. taxable profits, adjusted for permanent items for future years. The U.S. taxable profits, adjusted for permanent items are projected to provide sufficient capacity to fully realize all remaining gross U.S. deferred tax assets. |

| • | The Company has had seven consecutive quarters of sustained, demonstrated performance consistent with forecasted results, realized no material new forward losses on development programs, and established a positive history of meeting or exceeding EPS guidance expectations. |

| • | The Company remediated its historical material weaknesses related to contract estimates at December 31, 2014 which when combined with the other positive evidence above, allowed us to reasonably rely upon future forecasts. |

Negative evidence
| • | The Company assessed various areas of risk to future operating results, including development program risks, customer/vendor claims, and the uncertainty regarding the timing and final outcome of the resolution of contractual negotiations with key customers. |

Based on an evaluation of both the positive and negative evidence available, management determined that it was appropriate to release nearly all of the remaining valuation allowance against its net U.S. deferred tax assets that remained from 2013 as of October 1, 2015. The remainder of the net U.S. deferred tax asset valuation allowance was released on December 31, 2015, which resulted in a total decrease of $241.9 in 2015.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Additionally, the Company maintains a $14.4 valuation allowance against separate company state income tax credits and other U.S. issues and $0.7 for other foreign issues which is a decrease of $1.7 from the prior year.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company has not provided U.S. tax on its cumulative undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries of approximately $310.0 because it is the Company’s intention to reinvest these earnings indefinitely. The Company considers the earnings of all non-US subsidiaries to be indefinitely invested outside the United States on the basis of estimates that future domestic cash generation will be sufficient to meet future domestic cash needs and specific plans for the reinvestment of those earnings. If earnings were distributed, the Company would be subject to estimated U.S. taxes and withholding taxes payable to foreign governments of approximately $100.0. Based on the facts and circumstances at that time, the Company would determine whether a credit for foreign taxes paid would be available to reduce or offset the U.S. tax liability. Should the Company decide to repatriate the foreign earnings, it would need to adjust its income tax provision in the period it determined that the earnings will no longer be indefinitely invested outside the United States.
The beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefits reconciliation is as follows:
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| Beginning balance | $ | 5.9 | $ | 18.4 | $ | 16.9 |
| Gross increases related to current period tax positions | — | — | 3.8 |
| Gross increases related to prior period tax positions | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.4 |
| Gross decreases related to prior period tax positions | — | (13.4 | ) | (2.7 | ) |
| Statute of limitations' expiration | — | — | — |
| Settlements | — | — | — |
| Ending balance | $ | 6.2 | $ | 5.9 | $ | 18.4 |

Included in the December 31, 2015 balance was $4.0 in tax affected unrecognized tax benefits which, if ultimately recognized, will reduce the Company's effective tax rate. The Internal Revenue Service's examination of the Company's 2014 U.S. Federal income tax return is complete. The Company will continue to participate in the Compliance Assurance Process ("CAP") program for its 2015 tax year. The CAP program's objective is to resolve issues in a timely, contemporaneous manner and eliminate the need for a lengthy post-filing examination. The HM Revenue & Customs completed its examination of the Company's 2009-2011 U.K. income tax returns and the statute of limitations has lapsed on the Company's 2013 tax return. The Directorate General of Public Finance is currently examining the Company's 2011, 2012 and 2013 France income tax returns. While a change could result from the ongoing examinations, the Company expects no material change in its recorded unrecognized tax liability in the next 12 months.
The Company reports interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in the income tax provision. As of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, there was no accrued interest on its unrecognized tax benefit liability included in the consolidated balance sheets and there was no impact of interest on the Company's unrecognized tax benefit liability during 2015 or 2014.
The Company continues to operate under a tax holiday in Malaysia effective through September 2024. In 2014, the Company received formal approval of the tax holiday from the Malaysian tax authorities, with conditional renewals once every five years beginning in September 2014. The Company expects to meet the requirements for the conditional renewals. The Company’s 2015 income tax expense reflects $5.7 of Malaysia tax holiday benefit for the year ended December 31, 2015.
At December 31, 2015, the Company had total North Carolina state net operating loss carryforwards of $19.7 which begin to expire in 2026.
At December 31, 2015, the Company had $1.1 of U.S. Foreign Tax Credit carryforwards, a portion of which will expire beginning in 2018.
On December 18, 2015, the President signed legislation making permanent the U.S. Research Tax Credit. The Company's income tax expense for 2015 reflects the benefit of the Research Tax Credit attributable to 2015 of $3.3.
Included in the deferred tax assets at December 31, 2015 are $47.4 in Kansas High Performance Incentive Program ("HPIP") Credit, $7.6 in Kansas Research & Development ("R&D") Credit, and $2.7 in Kansas Business and Jobs Development Credit, totaling $57.7 in gross Kansas state income tax credit carryforwards, net of federal benefit. The HPIP Credit provides a 10%
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
investment tax credit for qualified business facilities located in Kansas for which $2.6 expires in 2024, $0.7 expires in 2025, $3.5 expires in 2026, $5.0 expires in 2027, $9.7 expires in 2028, $11.7 expires in 2029, and the remainder expires in 2030. The R&D Credit provides a credit for qualified research and development expenditures conducted within Kansas. This credit can be carried forward indefinitely. The Business and Jobs Development Credit provides a tax credit for increased employment in Kansas. This credit can be carried forward indefinitely.
Included in the deferred tax assets at December 31, 2015 are $5.7 in North Carolina Investing in Business Property Credit, $3.9 in North Carolina Investment in Real Property Credit, and $3.2 in North Carolina Creating Jobs Credit, totaling $12.8 in gross North Carolina state income tax credit carryforwards, net of federal benefit. The Investing in Business Property Credit provides a 7% investment tax credit for property located in a North Carolina development area and the Investment in Real Property Credit provides a 30% investment tax credit for real property located in a North Carolina development area. The Creating Jobs Credit provides a tax credit for increased employment in North Carolina. These North Carolina state income tax credits can be carried forward 20 years. It is management's opinion that none of these North Carolina state income tax credits will be utilized before they expire and a $12.8 valuation allowance is recorded against the deferred tax asset, net of federal benefit.
The Company had $6.8 and $248.9 of income tax receivable as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, which is reflected within other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
17. Equity
Earnings per Share Calculation
Basic net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of outstanding shares of common stock during the measurement period. Diluted net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of outstanding shares of common stock and, when dilutive, potential outstanding shares of common stock during the measurement period.
Subject to preferences that may apply to shares of preferred stock outstanding at the time, holders of the Company’s outstanding common stock are entitled to any dividend declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available for this purpose. The Company did not pay any cash dividends in the period ended December 31, 2015. The Company's dividend policy is dependent on the requirements of financing agreements to which the Company is party. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of the Company's Board of Directors and will depend upon, among other factors, the Company's results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements and contractual restrictions. The Company accounts for treasury stock under the cost method and includes treasury stock as a component of stockholders’ equity. As of December 31, 2015, no treasury shares have been reissued or retired.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:
| For the Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 |
| Income | Shares | PerShareAmount | Income | Shares | PerShareAmount | Loss | Shares | PerShareAmount |
| Basic EPS |
| Income (loss) available to common shareholders | $ | 788.0 | 138.4 | $ | 5.69 | $ | 357.2 | 140.0 | $ | 2.55 | $ | (621.4 | ) | 141.3 | $ | (4.40 | ) |
| Income allocated to participating securities | 0.7 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 0.6 | — | — |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 788.7 | $ | 358.8 | $ | (621.4 | ) |
| Diluted potential common shares | 0.9 | 1.0 | — |
| Diluted EPS |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 788.7 | 139.4 | $ | 5.66 | $ | 358.8 | 141.6 | $ | 2.53 | $ | (621.4 | ) | 141.3 | $ | (4.40 | ) |

The balance of outstanding common shares presented in the consolidated statement of shareholders' equity was 135.6 million, 141.1 million and 144.8 million at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Included in the outstanding common shares
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
were 1.9 million, 2.3 million and 3.4 million of issued but unvested shares at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively, which are excluded from the basic EPS calculation.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax, is summarized by component as follows:
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 |
| Pension | $ | (121.5 | ) | $ | (130.0 | ) |
| Interest rate swaps | (0.4 | ) | (1.1 | ) |
| SERP/ Retiree medical | 6.1 | 2.1 |
| Foreign currency impact on long term intercompany loan | (9.2 | ) | (5.7 | ) |
| Currency translation adjustment | (35.5 | ) | (19.1 | ) |
| Total accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (160.5 | ) | $ | (153.8 | ) |

Amortization of the pension plans' net loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and realized into costs of sales and selling, general and administrative on the consolidated statements of operations was $3.7, zero and $11.7 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Noncontrolling Interest
Noncontrolling interest at December 31, 2015 remained unchanged from the prior year at $0.5.
Repurchases of Common Stock
During the period ended December 31, 2014, the Company repurchased $4.0 million shares of its class A common stock for $129.2.
In July 2015, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $350.0 of the Company's common stock by December 31, 2017.
During the period ended December 31, 2015, the Company repurchased 5.7 million shares of its class A common stock for $300.0. The Company had remaining $50.0 authorized by the Board of Directors for repurchase, which it used in January 2016 through the purchase of 1.0 million shares of class A common stock.
18. Related Party Transactions
In August 2014, in a secondary offering of the Company's class A common stock, Onex sold its remaining shares of the Company's common stock and no longer holds any investment in the Company. During the time period in which Onex was a related party, the Company paid $0.3 and $0.4 to a subsidiary of Onex for services rendered for each of the twelve month periods ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Management believes the amounts charged were reasonable in relation to the services provided.
In December 2014, Onex acquired approximately a 40% interest in Advanced Integration Technologies (“AIT”), a provider of automation and tooling, maintenance services and aircraft components to the aerospace industry and a supplier to the Company. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, sales from AIT to the Company and its subsidiaries were $18.5 and $11.0, respectively. The amounts owed to AIT and recorded as accrued liabilities were $4.0 and $3.9 as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. Tawfiq Popatia, a former director of Spirit Holdings, is a Managing Director of Onex Corporation.
19. Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
Litigation
From time to time the Company is subject to, and is presently involved in, litigation or other legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. While the final outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, considering, among other things, the meritorious legal defenses available, it is the opinion of the Company that none of these items, when finally resolved,
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s long-term financial position or liquidity. The Company had outstanding obligations in respect of litigation or other legal proceedings of $25.0 and $96.3 for the periods ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. However, an unexpected adverse resolution of one or more of these items could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations and cash flows in a particular quarter or fiscal year.
From time to time, in the ordinary course of business and similar to others in the industry, we receive requests for information from government agencies in connection with their regulatory or investigational authority. Such requests can include subpoenas or demand letters for documents to assist the government in audits or investigations. We review such requests and notices and take appropriate action. We have been subject to certain requests for information and investigations in the past and could be subject to such requests for information and investigations in the future. Additionally, we are subject to federal and state requirements for protection of the environment, including those for disposal of hazardous waste and remediation of contaminated sites. As a result, we are required to participate in certain government investigations regarding environmental remediation actions.
On December 5, 2014, Boeing filed a complaint in Delaware Superior Court, Complex Commercial Litigation Division, entitled The Boeing Co. v. Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., No. N14C-12-055 (EMD). Boeing seeks indemnification from Spirit for (a) damages assessed against Boeing in International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Workers of America v. Boeing Co., AAA Case No. 54 300 00795 07 (the “UAW Arbitration”), which was brought on behalf of certain former Boeing employees in Tulsa and McAlester, Oklahoma, and (b) claims that Boeing allegedly settled in Society of Professional Engineering Employees in Aerospace v. Boeing Co., Nos. 05-1251-MLB, 07-1043-MLB (D. Kan.) (the “Harkness Class Action”). Spirit Holdings, Spirit and certain Spirit retirement plan entities were parties to the Harkness Class Action, but all claims against the Spirit entities were subsequently dismissed. Boeing’s Complaint asserts that the damages assessed against Boeing in the UAW Arbitration and the claims settled by Boeing in the Harkness Class Action are liabilities that Spirit assumed under an Asset Purchase Agreement between Boeing and Spirit, dated February 22, 2005 (the “APA”). Boeing asserts claims for breach of contract and declaratory judgment regarding its indemnification rights under the APA. Boeing alleges that, under the UAW Arbitration decision, Boeing has paid more than $13.0 of a liability Boeing estimates to have a net present value of $39.0. In regard to the Harkness Class Action, Boeing has announced that the district court has approved a settlement in an amount of $90.0. In addition to the amounts related to the UAW Arbitration and Harkness Class Action, Boeing seeks indemnification for more than $10.0 in attorneys’ fees it alleges it expended to defend the UAW Arbitration and Harkness Class Action. On December 24, 2014, the parties filed a joint stipulation extending Spirit’s deadline to move, answer or otherwise respond to Boeing’s complaint until February 12, 2015. Spirit timely answered the complaint. Spirit intends to defend vigorously against the allegations in this lawsuit. Management believes the resolution of this matter will not materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
On June 3, 2013, a putative class action lawsuit was commenced against the Company, Jeffrey L. Turner, and Philip D. Anderson in the U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas. The court-appointed lead plaintiffs - two pension funds that claim to represent a class of investors in the Company's stock - filed an amended complaint on April 7, 2014, naming as additional defendants Spirit's Vice President of the B787 Program Terry J. George and former Senior Vice President of Oklahoma Operations Alexander K. Kummant. The amended complaint alleges that defendants engaged in a scheme to artificially inflate the market price of the Company's stock by making false statements and omissions about certain programs' performance and costs. It contends that the alleged scheme was revealed by the Company’s accrual of $590.0 in forward loss charges on October 25, 2012. The lead plaintiffs seek certification of a class of all persons other than defendants who purchased Holdings securities between May 5, 2011 and October 24, 2012, and seek an unspecified amount of damages on behalf of the putative class. In June 2014, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the claims set forth in the amended complaint. On May 14, 2015, the District Court granted Spirit's motion to dismiss and dismissed the matter with prejudice. The plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal on June 11, 2015, which is pending. The Company intends to vigorously defend against these allegations, and management believes the resolution of this matter will not materially affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Commitments
The Company leases equipment and facilities under various non-cancelable capital and operating leases. The capital leasing arrangements extend through 2025. Minimum future lease payments under these leases at December 31, 2015 are as follows:
| Capital |
| Operating | PresentValue | Interest | Total |
| 2016 | $ | 12.3 | $ | 0.6 | $ | 0.3 | $ | 13.2 |
| 2017 | $ | 7.1 | $ | 0.6 | $ | 0.3 | $ | 8.0 |
| 2018 | $ | 5.7 | $ | 0.6 | $ | 0.3 | $ | 6.6 |
| 2019 | $ | 4.1 | $ | 0.6 | $ | 0.3 | $ | 5.0 |
| 2020 | $ | 3.0 | $ | 0.7 | $ | 0.3 | $ | 4.0 |
| 2021 and thereafter | $ | 14.6 | $ | 6.0 | $ | 8.1 | $ | 28.7 |

Operating lease payments were as follows:
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| Minimum rentals | $ | 17.8 | $ | 20.5 | $ | 22.6 |
| Contingent rentals | — | — | — |
| Less: Sub-lease | — | — | — |
| Total | $ | 17.8 | $ | 20.5 | $ | 22.6 |

Spirit's aggregate capital commitments totaled $187.2 and $185.3 at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
The Company paid $0.3 and $0.3 in interest expense related to the capital leases for periods ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
Guarantees
Contingent liabilities in the form of letters of guarantee and performance bonds have been provided by the Company. Outstanding guarantees and performance bonds were $20.1 and $21.6 at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
Restricted Cash
The Company was required to maintain $19.9 of restricted cash as of both December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 related to certain collateral requirements for obligations under its workers’ compensation programs. These collateral requirements were previously supported by letters of credit that were replaced in October 2014. Restricted cash is included in “Other assets” in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Indemnification
The Company has entered into customary indemnification agreements with each of its Directors, and some of its executive employment agreements include indemnification provisions. Under those agreements, the Company agrees to indemnify each of these individuals against claims arising out of events or occurrences related to that individual’s service as the Company’s agent or the agent of any of its subsidiaries to the fullest extent legally permitted.
Service and Product Warranties and Extraordinary Rework
Provisions for estimated expenses related to service and product warranties and certain extraordinary rework are made at the time products are sold. These costs are accrued at the time of the sale and are recorded to unallocated cost of goods sold. These estimates are established using historical information on the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims, including the experience of industry peers. In the case of new development products or new customers, Spirit considers other factors including the experience of other entities in the same business and management judgment, among others. Service warranty and extraordinary work is reported in current liabilities and other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
The following is a roll forward of the service warranty and extraordinary rework balance at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| Balance, January 1 | $ | 119.9 | $ | 68.7 | $ | 30.9 |
| Charges to costs and expenses | 43.8 | 53.7 | 38.3 |
| Payouts | (4.8 | ) | (1.8 | ) | — |
| Write-offs, net of recoveries | — | — | (0.6 | ) |
| Exchange rate | (0.2 | ) | (0.7 | ) | 0.1 |
| Balance, December 31 | $ | 158.7 | $ | 119.9 | $ | 68.7 |

Bonds
Spirit utilized City of Wichita issued Industrial Revenue Bonds ("IRBs") to finance self-constructed and purchased real property at its Wichita site. Tax benefits associated with IRBs include provisions for a ten-year complete property tax abatement and a Kansas Department of Revenue sales tax exemption on all IRB funded purchases. Spirit and its predecessor purchased these IRBs so they are bondholders and debtor / lessee for the property purchased with the IRB proceeds.
Spirit recorded the property net of a capital lease obligation to repay the IRB proceeds on its consolidated balance sheet. Gross assets and liabilities associated with these IRBs were $404.7 as of both December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.
20. Other (Expense) Income, Net
Other (expense) income, net is summarized as follows:
| For the Twelve Months Ended |
| December 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | December 31, 2013 |
| KDFA bond | $ | 3.9 | $ | 3.3 | $ | 3.4 |
| Rental and miscellaneous (expense) income(1) | (2.0 | ) | 0.8 | (1.1 | ) |
| Interest Income | 2.1 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Foreign currency (losses) gains | (6.2 | ) | (8.2 | ) | 1.0 |
| Total | $ | (2.2 | ) | $ | (3.5 | ) | $ | 3.6 |

| (1) | Includes $2.0 of losses for the period ended December 31, 2015 related to the settlement of interest rate swap agreements as further detailed in Note 11, "Derivative and Hedging Activities." |

Foreign currency (losses) gains are due to the impact of movement in foreign currency exchange rates on an intercompany revolver and long-term contractual rights/obligations, as well as trade and intercompany receivables/payables which are denominated in a currency other than the entity’s functional currency.
21. Significant Concentrations of Risk
Economic Dependence
The Company's largest customer (Boeing) accounted for approximately 84%, 83% and 84% of the revenues for the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Approximately 48% and 32% of the Company's accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, was attributable to Boeing.
The Company's second largest customer (Airbus) accounted for approximately 11%, 10% and 10% of the revenues for the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Approximately 30% and 26% of the Company's accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, was attributable to Airbus.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Employees
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately 13,700 employees located in the Company's six U.S. facilities. Approximately 87% of the Company's U.S. employees are represented by five unions.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had 900 employees located in the Company's two U.K. facilities. Approximately 72%, of the Company's U.K. employees are represented by one union.
22. Supplemental Balance Sheet Information
Accrued expenses and other liabilities consist of the following:
| December 31,2015 | December 31,2014 |
| Accrued expenses |
| Accrued wages and bonuses | $ | 32.7 | $ | 27.5 |
| Accrued fringe benefits | 121.1 | 122.5 |
| Accrued interest | 5.6 | 6.6 |
| Workers' compensation | 7.5 | 9.1 |
| Property and sales tax | 25.9 | 22.5 |
| Warranty/extraordinary rework reserve — current | 3.5 | — |
| Other | 33.9 | 140.9 |
| Total | $ | 230.2 | $ | 329.1 |
| Other liabilities |
| Deferred tax liability — non-current | $ | 13.1 | $ | 57.9 |
| Warranty/extraordinary rework reserve — non-current | 155.2 | 119.9 |
| Customer cost recovery(1) | 57.8 | 62.0 |
| Other | 47.4 | 21.0 |
| Total | $ | 273.5 | $ | 260.8 |

_____________________________________
| (1) | As part of the B787 Amendment, Spirit agreed to pay Boeing for work to complete initial production units. |

23. Segment Information
The Company operates in three principal segments: Fuselage Systems, Propulsion Systems and Wing Systems. Substantially all revenues in the three principal segments are from Boeing, with the exception of Wing Systems, which also includes significant revenues from Airbus. Approximately 95% of the Company's net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 came from the Company's two largest customers, Boeing and Airbus. All other activities fall within the All Other segment, principally made up of sundry sales of miscellaneous services, tooling contracts and sales of natural gas through a tenancy-in-common with other companies that have operations in Wichita, Kansas. The Company's primary profitability measure to review a segment’s operating performance is segment operating income before corporate selling, general and administrative expenses, research and development and unallocated cost of sales.
Corporate selling, general and administrative expenses include centralized functions such as accounting, treasury and human resources that are not specifically related to the Company's operating segments and are not allocated in measuring the operating segments’ profitability and performance and net profit margins. Research and development includes research and development efforts that benefit the Company as a whole and are not unique to a specific segment. Unallocated cost of sales includes general costs not directly attributable to segment operations, such as warranty, early retirement and other incentives. All of these items are not specifically related to the Company's operating segments and are not utilized in measuring the operating segments’ profitability and performance.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
The Company’s Fuselage Systems segment includes development, production and marketing of forward, mid and rear fuselage sections and systems, primarily to aircraft OEMs (OEM refers to aircraft original equipment manufacturer), as well as related spares and maintenance, repairs and overhaul (MRO) services. The Fuselage Systems segment manufactures products at the Company's facilities in Wichita, Kansas and Kinston, North Carolina. The Fuselage Systems segment also includes an assembly plant for the A350 XWB aircraft in Saint-Nazaire, France.
The Company’s Propulsion Systems segment includes development, production and marketing of struts/pylons, nacelles (including thrust reversers) and related engine structural components primarily to aircraft or engine OEMs, as well as related spares and MRO services. The Propulsion Systems segment manufactures products at the Company's facilities in Wichita and Chanute, Kansas.
The Company’s Wing Systems segment includes development, production and marketing of wings and wing components (including flight control surfaces) as well as other miscellaneous structural parts primarily to aircraft OEMs, as well as related spares and MRO services. These activities take place at the Company’s facilities in Tulsa and McAlester, Oklahoma; Kinston, North Carolina; Prestwick, Scotland; and Subang, Malaysia.
The Company’s segments are consistent with the organization and responsibilities of management reporting to the chief operating decision-maker for the purpose of assessing performance. The Company’s definition of segment operating income differs from net profit margin as presented in its primary financial statements and a reconciliation of the segment and consolidated results is provided in the table set forth below.
While some working capital accounts are maintained on a segment basis, much of the Company’s assets are not managed or maintained on a segment basis. Property, plant and equipment, including tooling, is used in the design and production of products for each of the segments and, therefore, is not allocated to any individual segment. In addition, cash, prepaid expenses, other assets and deferred taxes are managed and maintained on a consolidated basis and generally do not pertain to any particular segment. Raw materials and certain component parts are used in the production of aerostructures across all segments. Work-in-process inventory is identifiable by segment, but is managed and evaluated at the program level. As there is no segmentation of the Company’s productive assets, depreciation expense (included in fixed manufacturing costs and selling, general and administrative expenses) and capital expenditures, no allocation of these amounts has been made solely for purposes of segment disclosure requirements.
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Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
The following table shows segment revenues and operating income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
| Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2015 | Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014 | Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2013 |
| Segment Revenues |
| Fuselage Systems | $ | 3,447.0 | $ | 3,354.9 | $ | 2,861.1 |
| Propulsion Systems | 1,750.7 | 1,737.2 | 1,581.3 |
| Wing Systems | 1,437.7 | 1,695.9 | 1,502.5 |
| All Other | 8.5 | 11.2 | 16.1 |
| $ | 6,643.9 | $ | 6,799.2 | $ | 5,961.0 |
| Segment Operating Income (Loss) (1) |
| Fuselage Systems | $ | 607.3 | $ | 557.3 | $ | 89.6 |
| Propulsion Systems | 378.2 | 354.9 | 249.5 |
| Wing Systems | 178.5 | 244.6 | (402.1 | ) |
| All Other | 1.3 | 3.4 | 4.4 |
| 1,165.3 | 1,160.2 | (58.6 | ) |
| Corporate SG&A(2) | (220.8 | ) | (233.8 | ) | (200.8 | ) |
| Unallocated impact of severe weather event | — | — | (30.3 | ) |
| Research and development(3) | (27.8 | ) | (29.3 | ) | (34.7 | ) |
| Unallocated cost of sales(4) | (53.7 | ) | (72.0 | ) | (39.9 | ) |
| Loss on divestiture of programs (see Note 26) | — | (471.1 | ) | — |
| Total operating income (loss) | $ | 863.0 | $ | 354.0 | $ | (364.3 | ) |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Inclusive of forward losses, changes in estimate on loss programs and cumulative catch-up adjustments. These changes in estimates for the periods ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are further detailed in Note 3 "Changes in Estimates." |

| (2) | For 2013, corporate SG&A charges of $6.8, $5.6 and $6.9 were reclassified from segment operating income for the Fuselage, Propulsion, and Wing Systems, respectively, to conform to current year presentation. |

| (3) | For 2013, research and development charges of $12.7, $8.1 and $5.0 were reclassified from segment operating income Fuselage, Propulsion, and Wing Systems, respectively, to conform to current year presentation. |

| (4) | For 2015, includes charges of $40.7, $0.8, and $6.4 related to warranty reserve, reduction in workforce and unallocated inventory write-offs, respectively. In 2014, includes charges of $52.7, $6.0, and $10.3 related to warranty reserve, reduction in workforce and unallocated inventory write-offs, respectively. In 2013, includes charges of $38.1, $17.8, and $1.6 related to warranty reserve adjustments, reduction in workforce and early retirement incentives, respectively, as well as gains related to pension activity of $15.4. |

116
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Most of the Company's revenue is obtained from sales inside the United States however the Company does generate international sales, primarily from sales to Airbus. The following chart illustrates the split between domestic and foreign revenues:
| Year Ended December 31, 2015 | Year Ended December 31, 2014 | Year Ended December 31, 2013 |
| Revenue Source(1) | Net Revenues | Percent ofTotalNet Revenues | Net Revenues | Percent ofTotalNet Revenues | Net Revenues | Percent ofTotalNet Revenues |
| United States | $ | 5,709.0 | 86 | % | $ | 5,968.3 | 88 | % | $ | 5,154.9 | 87 | % |
| International |
| United Kingdom | 570.1 | 9 | % | 587.5 | 8 | % | 559.7 | 9 | % |
| Other | 364.8 | 5 | % | 243.4 | 4 | % | 246.4 | 4 | % |
| Total International | 934.9 | 14 | % | 830.9 | 12 | % | 806.1 | 13 | % |
| Total Revenues | $ | 6,643.9 | 100 | % | $ | 6,799.2 | 100 | % | $ | 5,961.0 | 100 | % |

_______________________________________
| (1) | Net Revenues are attributable to countries based on destination where goods are delivered. |

Most of the Company's long-lived assets are located within the United States. Approximately 5% of the Company's long-lived assets based on book value are located in the United Kingdom as part of Spirit Europe with approximately another 5% of the Company's total long-lived assets located in countries outside the United States and the United Kingdom. The following chart illustrates the split between domestic and foreign assets:
| Year Ended December 31, 2015 | Year Ended December 31, 2014 |
| Asset Location | TotalLong-Lived Assets | Percent ofTotalLong-Lived Assets | TotalLong-Lived Assets | Percent ofTotalLong-Lived Assets |
| United States | $ | 1,755.6 | 90 | % | $ | 1,598.2 | 90 | % |
| International |
| United Kingdom | 95.0 | 5 | % | 124.2 | 7 | % |
| Other | 100.1 | 5 | % | 61.2 | 3 | % |
| Total International | 195.1 | 10 | % | 185.4 | 10 | % |
| Total Long-Lived Assets | $ | 1,950.7 | 100 | % | $ | 1,783.6 | 100 | % |

24. Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
| Quarter Ended |
| 2015 | December 31,2015(1) | October 1,2015(2) | July 2,2015(3) | April 2,2015(4) |
| Revenues | $ | 1,609.4 | $ | 1,593.6 | $ | 1,698.7 | $ | 1,742.2 |
| Gross profit | $ | 274.3 | $ | 252.6 | $ | 290.8 | $ | 293.9 |
| Operating income | $ | 205.8 | $ | 191.6 | $ | 230.3 | $ | 235.3 |
| Net income | $ | 138.3 | $ | 313.6 | $ | 154.9 | $ | 181.9 |
| Earnings per share, basic | $ | 1.02 | $ | 2.25 | $ | 1.11 | $ | 1.31 |
| Earnings per share, diluted | $ | 1.01 | $ | 2.24 | $ | 1.11 | $ | 1.30 |

117
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
| Quarter Ended |
| 2014 | December 31,2014(5) | October 2,2014(6) | July 3,2014(7) | April 3,2014(8) |
| Revenues | $ | 1,574.4 | $ | 1,693.0 | $ | 1,803.3 | $ | 1,728.5 |
| Gross profit | $ | 274.6 | $ | 275.0 | $ | 277.4 | $ | 261.2 |
| Operating (loss) income | $ | (272.9 | ) | $ | 216.3 | $ | 216.2 | $ | 194.4 |
| Net (loss) income | $ | (106.2 | ) | $ | 168.0 | $ | 143.4 | $ | 153.6 |
| (Loss) earnings per share, basic | $ | (0.77 | ) | $ | 1.21 | $ | 1.01 | $ | 1.08 |
| (Loss) earnings per share, diluted | $ | (0.77 | ) | $ | 1.20 | $ | 1.01 | $ | 1.07 |

______________________________________
| (1) | Fourth quarter 2015 earnings include the impact of net favorable changes in estimate of $14.2. |

| (2) | Third quarter 2015 earnings includes the impact of net favorable changes in estimate of $19.0, as well as valuation allowance release of $189.4. |

| (3) | Second quarter 2015 earnings include the impact of net favorable changes in estimate of $18.8 . |

| (4) | First quarter 2015 earnings includes the impact of net favorable changes in estimate $14.9, as well as valuation allowance release $42.0. |

| (5) | Fourth quarter 2014 earnings include the impact of the loss on divestiture of Gulfstream programs of $471.1, as well as net favorable changes in estimates of $90.2. |

| (6) | Third quarter 2014 earnings include the impact of net favorable changes in estimates of $32.7. |

| (7) | Second quarter 2014 earnings include the impact of net favorable changes in estimates of $19.4. |

| (8) | First quarter 2014 earnings include the impact of net favorable changes in estimates of $15.4. |

25. Condensed Consolidating Financial Information
The 2020 Notes and the 2022 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a joint and several senior unsecured basis by the Company and its 100% owned domestic subsidiaries, other than Spirit (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”).
The following condensed consolidating financial information, which has been prepared in accordance with the requirements for presentation of Rule 3-10(d) of Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act, presents the condensed consolidating financial information separately for:
| (i) | Holdings, as the parent company and parent guarantor to the Credit Agreement, as further detailed in Note 12, "Debt"; |

| (ii) | Spirit, as the subsidiary issuer of the 2020 Notes and the 2022 Notes; |

| (iii) | The Subsidiary Guarantors, on a combined basis, as guarantors of the 2020 Notes and the 2022 Notes; |

| (iv) | The Company’s subsidiaries, other than the Subsidiary Guarantors, which are not guarantors of the 2020 Notes and the 2022 Notes (the “Subsidiary Non-Guarantors”), on a combined basis; |

| (v) | Consolidating entries and eliminations representing adjustments to (a) eliminate intercompany transactions between or among Holdings, the Subsidiary Guarantors and the Subsidiary Non-Guarantors, (b) eliminate the investments in the Company’s subsidiaries and (c) record consolidating entries; and |

| (vi) | Holdings and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. |

118
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2015
| Holdings | Spirit | GuarantorSubsidiaries | Non-GuarantorSubsidiaries | ConsolidatingAdjustments | Total |
| Net Revenues | $ | — | $ | 6,096.1 | $ | 277.1 | $ | 753.5 | $ | (482.8 | ) | $ | 6,643.9 |
| Operating costs and expenses |
| Cost of sales | — | 5,095.4 | 266.7 | 653.0 | (482.8 | ) | 5,532.3 |
| Selling, general and administrative | 7.1 | 194.9 | 3.1 | 15.7 | — | 220.8 |
| Research and development | — | 25.7 | — | 2.1 | — | 27.8 |
| Total operating costs and expenses | 7.1 | 5,316.0 | 269.8 | 670.8 | (482.8 | ) | 5,780.9 |
| Operating (loss) income | (7.1 | ) | 780.1 | 7.3 | 82.7 | — | 863.0 |
| Interest expense and financing fee amortization | — | (52.2 | ) | — | (7.8 | ) | 7.3 | (52.7 | ) |
| Other income (expense), net | — | 11.3 | — | (6.3 | ) | (7.2 | ) | (2.2 | ) |
| (Loss) income before income taxes and equity in net income of affiliates and subsidiaries | (7.1 | ) | 739.2 | 7.3 | 68.6 | 0.1 | 808.1 |
| Income tax benefit (provision) | 0.1 | (8.4 | ) | (2.7 | ) | (9.6 | ) | (20.6 | ) |
| (Loss) income before equity in net income of affiliates and subsidiaries | (7.0 | ) | 730.8 | 4.6 | 59.0 | 0.1 | 787.5 |
| Equity in net income of affiliates | 1.2 | — | — | 1.2 | (1.2 | ) | 1.2 |
| Equity in net income of subsidiaries | 794.5 | 63.6 | — | — | (858.1 | ) | — |
| Net income | 788.7 | 794.4 | 4.6 | 60.2 | (859.2 | ) | 788.7 |
| Other comprehensive loss | (6.7 | ) | (6.7 | ) | — | (21.1 | ) | 27.8 | (6.7 | ) |
| Comprehensive income | $ | 782.0 | $ | 787.7 | $ | 4.6 | $ | 39.1 | $ | (831.4 | ) | $ | 782.0 |

119
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014
| Holdings | Spirit | GuarantorSubsidiaries | Non-GuarantorSubsidiaries | ConsolidatingAdjustments | Total |
| Net Revenues | $ | — | $ | 6,242.2 | $ | 336.3 | $ | 794.9 | $ | (574.2 | ) | $ | 6,799.2 |
| Operating costs and expenses |
| Cost of sales | — | 5,270.2 | 324.7 | 690.3 | (574.2 | ) | 5,711.0 |
| Selling, general and administrative | 13.2 | 200.8 | 2.7 | 17.1 | — | 233.8 |
| Research and development | — | 27.9 | — | 1.4 | — | 29.3 |
| Loss on sale of Gulfstream programs (see Note 26) | — | 471.1 | — | — | — | 471.1 |
| Total operating costs and expenses | 13.2 | 5,970.0 | 327.4 | 708.8 | (574.2 | ) | 6,445.2 |
| Operating (loss) income | (13.2 | ) | 272.2 | 8.9 | 86.1 | — | 354.0 |
| Interest expense and financing fee amortization | — | (87.4 | ) | — | (9.8 | ) | 9.1 | (88.1 | ) |
| Other income (expense), net | — | 13.7 | — | (8.1 | ) | (9.1 | ) | (3.5 | ) |
| (Loss) income before income taxes and equity in net income of affiliates and subsidiaries | (13.2 | ) | 198.5 | 8.9 | 68.2 | — | 262.4 |
| Income tax (provision) benefit | (0.8 | ) | 98.0 | (3.3 | ) | 2.0 | 95.9 |
| (Loss) income before equity in net income of affiliates and subsidiaries | (14.0 | ) | 296.5 | 5.6 | 70.2 | — | 358.3 |
| Equity in net income of affiliates | 0.5 | — | — | 0.5 | (0.5 | ) | 0.5 |
| Equity in net income of subsidiaries | 372.3 | 75.7 | — | — | (448.0 | ) | — |
| Net income | 358.8 | 372.2 | 5.6 | 70.7 | (448.5 | ) | 358.8 |
| Other comprehensive loss | (99.2 | ) | (73.9 | ) | — | (25.3 | ) | 99.2 | (99.2 | ) |
| Comprehensive income | $ | 259.6 | $ | 298.3 | $ | 5.6 | $ | 45.4 | $ | (349.3 | ) | $ | 259.6 |

120
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2013
| Holdings | Spirit | GuarantorSubsidiaries | Non-GuarantorSubsidiaries | ConsolidatingAdjustments | Total |
| Net Revenues | $ | — | $ | 5,393.4 | $ | 205.9 | $ | 738.9 | $ | (377.2 | ) | $ | 5,961.0 |
| Operating costs and expenses |
| Cost of sales | — | 5,602.1 | 197.8 | 636.8 | (377.2 | ) | 6,059.5 |
| Selling, general and administrative | 3.0 | 174.4 | 3.0 | 20.4 | — | 200.8 |
| Impact from severe weather event | — | 30.3 | — | — | — | 30.3 |
| Research and development | — | 32.2 | 0.1 | 2.4 | — | 34.7 |
| Total operating costs and expenses | 3.0 | 5,839.0 | 200.9 | 659.6 | (377.2 | ) | 6,325.3 |
| Operating (loss) income | (3.0 | ) | (445.6 | ) | 5.0 | 79.3 | — | (364.3 | ) |
| Interest expense and financing fee amortization | — | (69.2 | ) | — | (11.2 | ) | 10.3 | (70.1 | ) |
| Other income, net | — | 13.6 | — | 0.3 | (10.3 | ) | 3.6 |
| (Loss) income before income taxes and equity in net income (loss) of affiliates and subsidiaries | (3.0 | ) | (501.2 | ) | 5.0 | 68.4 | — | (430.8 | ) |
| Income tax provision | (0.1 | ) | (175.6 | ) | (1.9 | ) | (13.5 | ) | — | (191.1 | ) |
| (Loss) income before equity in net income (loss) of affiliates and subsidiaries | (3.1 | ) | (676.8 | ) | 3.1 | 54.9 | — | (621.9 | ) |
| Equity in net income of affiliates | 0.5 | — | — | 0.5 | (0.5 | ) | 0.5 |
| Equity in net (loss) income of subsidiaries | (618.8 | ) | 58.2 | — | — | 560.6 | — |
| Net (loss) income | (621.4 | ) | (618.6 | ) | 3.1 | 55.4 | 560.1 | (621.4 | ) |
| Other comprehensive income | 90.6 | 5.8 | — | 84.8 | (90.6 | ) | 90.6 |
| Comprehensive (loss) income | $ | (530.8 | ) | $ | (612.8 | ) | $ | 3.1 | $ | 140.2 | $ | 469.5 | $ | (530.8 | ) |

121
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
December 31, 2015
| Holdings | Spirit | GuarantorSubsidiaries | Non-GuarantorSubsidiaries | ConsolidatingAdjustments | Total |
| Current assets |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | — | $ | 894.2 | $ | — | $ | 63.1 | $ | — | $ | 957.3 |
| Accounts receivable, net | — | 686.3 | 27.1 | 189.4 | (365.8 | ) | 537.0 |
| Inventory, net | — | 1,229.0 | 179.4 | 365.9 | 0.1 | 1,774.4 |
| Other current assets | — | 24.4 | 1.9 | 4.1 | — | 30.4 |
| Total current assets | — | 2,833.9 | 208.4 | 622.5 | (365.7 | ) | 3,299.1 |
| Property, plant and equipment, net | — | 1,393.1 | 364.2 | 193.4 | — | 1,950.7 |
| Pension assets | — | 233.3 | — | 13.6 | — | 246.9 |
| Investment in subsidiary | 623.6 | 283.7 | — | 0.1 | (907.4 | ) | — |
| Equity in net assets of subsidiaries | 1,496.4 | 254.1 | — | — | (1,750.5 | ) | — |
| Other assets | — | 517.7 | 82.7 | 21.3 | (340.9 | ) | 280.8 |
| Total assets | $ | 2,120.0 | $ | 5,515.8 | $ | 655.3 | $ | 850.9 | $ | (3,364.5 | ) | $ | 5,777.5 |
| Current liabilities |
| Accounts payable | $ | — | $ | 538.2 | $ | 276.4 | $ | 169.4 | $ | (365.8 | ) | $ | 618.2 |
| Accrued expenses | — | 195.0 | 0.5 | 34.7 | — | 230.2 |
| Profit sharing | — | 58.3 | — | 3.3 | — | 61.6 |
| Current portion of long-term debt | — | 32.9 | — | 2.7 | — | 35.6 |
| Advance payments, short-term | — | 178.3 | — | — | — | 178.3 |
| Deferred revenue, short-term | — | 281.7 | — | 3.8 | — | 285.5 |
| Deferred grant income liability — current | — | — | 10.8 | 1.1 | — | 11.9 |
| Other current liabilities | — | 34.7 | — | 3.0 | — | 37.7 |
| Total current liabilities | — | 1,319.1 | 287.7 | 218.0 | (365.8 | ) | 1,459.0 |
| Long-term debt | — | 1,088.0 | — | 270.6 | (261.0 | ) | 1,097.6 |
| Advance payments, long-term | — | 507.4 | — | — | — | 507.4 |
| Pension/OPEB obligation | — | 67.7 | — | — | — | 67.7 |
| Deferred grant income liability — non-current | — | — | 55.6 | 26.7 | — | 82.3 |
| Deferred revenue and other deferred credits | — | 165.6 | — | 4.4 | — | 170.0 |
| Other liabilities | — | 328.2 | — | 25.3 | (80.0 | ) | 273.5 |
| Total equity | 2,120.0 | 2,039.8 | 312.0 | 305.9 | (2,657.7 | ) | 2,120.0 |
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 2,120.0 | $ | 5,515.8 | $ | 655.3 | $ | 850.9 | $ | (3,364.5 | ) | $ | 5,777.5 |

122
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet
December 31, 2014
| Holdings | Spirit | GuarantorSubsidiaries | Non-GuarantorSubsidiaries | ConsolidatingAdjustments | Total |
| Current assets |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | — | $ | 354.6 | $ | — | $ | 23.3 | $ | — | $ | 377.9 |
| Accounts receivable, net | — | 730.6 | 33.3 | 211.9 | (370.2 | ) | 605.6 |
| Inventory, net | — | 1,238.1 | 168.1 | 346.8 | — | 1,753.0 |
| Deferred tax asset — current | — | 49.8 | — | 3.4 | — | 53.2 |
| Other current assets | — | 260.3 | — | 2.1 | — | 262.4 |
| Total current assets | — | 2,633.4 | 201.4 | 587.5 | (370.2 | ) | 3,052.1 |
| Property, plant and equipment, net | — | 1,263.7 | 337.9 | 182.0 | — | 1,783.6 |
| Pension assets | — | 187.8 | — | 15.6 | — | 203.4 |
| Investment in subsidiary | 907.7 | 281.4 | — | — | (1,189.1 | ) | — |
| Equity in net assets of subsidiaries | 714.3 | 210.4 | — | — | (924.7 | ) | — |
| Other assets | — | 352.7 | 80.0 | 22.9 | (332.0 | ) | 123.6 |
| Total assets | $ | 1,622.0 | $ | 4,929.4 | $ | 619.3 | $ | 808.0 | $ | (2,816.0 | ) | $ | 5,162.7 |
| Current liabilities |
| Accounts payable | $ | — | $ | 573.3 | $ | 235.5 | $ | 172.5 | $ | (370.1 | ) | $ | 611.2 |
| Accrued expenses | — | 302.3 | 0.8 | 26.0 | — | 329.1 |
| Profit sharing | — | 105.1 | — | 6.7 | — | 111.8 |
| Current portion of long-term debt | — | 5.7 | — | 3.7 | — | 9.4 |
| Advance payments, short-term | — | 118.6 | — | — | — | 118.6 |
| Deferred revenue, short-term | — | 21.7 | — | 1.7 | — | 23.4 |
| Deferred grant income liability — current | — | — | 9.0 | 1.2 | — | 10.2 |
| Other current liabilities | — | 40.5 | — | 4.6 | — | 45.1 |
| Total current liabilities | — | 1,167.2 | 245.3 | 216.4 | (370.1 | ) | 1,258.8 |
| Long-term debt | — | 1,130.5 | — | 265.6 | (252.0 | ) | 1,144.1 |
| Advance payments, long-term | — | 680.4 | — | — | — | 680.4 |
| Pension/OPEB obligation | — | 73.0 | — | — | — | 73.0 |
| Deferred grant income liability — non-current | — | — | 66.7 | 29.4 | — | 96.1 |
| Deferred revenue and other deferred credits | — | 21.2 | — | 6.3 | — | 27.5 |
| Other liabilities | — | 315.0 | — | 25.8 | (80.0 | ) | 260.8 |
| Total equity | 1,622.0 | 1,542.1 | 307.3 | 264.5 | (2,113.9 | ) | 1,622.0 |
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 1,622.0 | $ | 4,929.4 | $ | 619.3 | $ | 808.0 | $ | (2,816.0 | ) | $ | 5,162.7 |

123
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2015
| Holdings | Spirit | GuarantorSubsidiaries | Non-GuarantorSubsidiaries | ConsolidatingAdjustments | Total |
| Operating activities |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | — | $ | 1,167.5 | $ | 53.0 | $ | 69.2 | $ | — | $ | 1,289.7 |
| Investing activities |
| Purchase of property, plant and equipment | — | (273.3 | ) | (53.2 | ) | (33.6 | ) | (360.1 | ) |
| Proceeds from sale of assets | — | 2.7 | — | — | — | 2.7 |
| Other | — | (0.2 | ) | 0.2 | — | — | — |
| Net cash used in investing activities | — | (270.8 | ) | (53.0 | ) | (33.6 | ) | — | (357.4 | ) |
| Financing activities |
| Proceeds from issuance of bonds | — | 535.0 | — | — | — | 535.0 |
| Principal payments of debt | — | (33.4 | ) | — | (3.1 | ) | — | (36.5 | ) |
| Collection on (repayment of) intercompany debt | — | (8.9 | ) | — | 8.9 | — | — |
| Payments on term loan | — | (534.9 | ) | — | — | — | (534.9 | ) |
| Debt issuance and financing costs | — | (4.7 | ) | — | — | — | (4.7 | ) |
| Taxes paid related to net share settlement awards | — | (20.7 | ) | — | — | — | (20.7 | ) |
| Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements | — | 10.5 | — | 0.2 | — | 10.7 |
| Proceeds (payments) from subsidiary for purchase of treasury stock | 300.0 | (300.0 | ) | — | — | — | — |
| Purchase of treasury stock | (300.0 | ) | — | — | — | — | (300.0 | ) |
| Net cash used in financing activities | — | (357.1 | ) | — | 6.0 | — | (351.1 | ) |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | — | — | — | (1.8 | ) | — | (1.8 | ) |
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents for the period | — | 539.6 | — | 39.8 | — | 579.4 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | — | 354.6 | — | 23.3 | — | 377.9 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | — | $ | 894.2 | $ | — | $ | 63.1 | $ | — | $ | 957.3 |

124
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014
| Holdings | Spirit | GuarantorSubsidiaries | Non-GuarantorSubsidiaries | ConsolidatingAdjustments | Total |
| Operating activities |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | — | $ | 312.8 | $ | 58.3 | $ | (9.5 | ) | $ | — | $ | 361.6 |
| Investing activities |
| Purchase of property, plant and equipment | — | (147.4 | ) | (58.3 | ) | (14.5 | ) | (220.2 | ) |
| Proceeds from sale of assets | — | 0.5 | — | — | — | 0.5 |
| Change in restricted cash | — | (19.9 | ) | — | — | — | (19.9 | ) |
| Other | — | 2.3 | — | (2.3 | ) | — | — |
| Net cash used in investing activities | — | (164.5 | ) | (58.3 | ) | (16.8 | ) | — | (239.6 | ) |
| Financing activities |
| Proceeds from issuance of bonds | — | 300.0 | — | — | — | 300.0 |
| Principal payments of debt | — | (12.9 | ) | — | (3.9 | ) | — | (16.8 | ) |
| Collection on (repayment of) intercompany debt | — | 7.5 | — | (7.5 | ) | — | — |
| Payments on bonds | — | (300.0 | ) | — | — | (300.0 | ) |
| Debt issuance and financing costs | — | (20.8 | ) | — | — | — | (20.8 | ) |
| Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements | — | 2.5 | — | 0.1 | — | 2.6 |
| Proceeds (payments) from subsidiary for purchase of treasury stock | 129.2 | (129.2 | ) | — | — | — | — |
| Purchase of treasury stock | (129.2 | ) | — | — | — | — | (129.2 | ) |
| Net cash used in financing activities | — | (152.9 | ) | — | (11.3 | ) | — | (164.2 | ) |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | — | — | — | (0.6 | ) | — | (0.6 | ) |
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents for the period | — | (4.6 | ) | — | (38.2 | ) | — | (42.8 | ) |
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | — | 359.2 | — | 61.5 | — | 420.7 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | — | $ | 354.6 | $ | — | $ | 23.3 | $ | — | $ | 377.9 |

125
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2013
| Holdings | Spirit | GuarantorSubsidiaries | Non-GuarantorSubsidiaries | ConsolidatingAdjustments | Total |
| Operating activities |
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | $ | (621.4 | ) | $ | 219.0 | $ | 34.2 | $ | 7.4 | $ | 621.4 | $ | 260.6 |
| Investing activities |
| Purchase of property, plant and equipment | — | (190.9 | ) | (34.2 | ) | (9.1 | ) | — | (234.2 | ) |
| Purchase of property, plant and equipment — severe weather event | — | (38.4 | ) | — | — | — | (38.4 | ) |
| Proceeds from sale of assets | — | 0.7 | — | — | — | 0.7 |
| Equity in net assets of subsidiaries | 621.4 | 3.0 | — | 0.7 | (621.4 | ) | 3.7 |
| Other | — | 4.8 | — | (4.8 | ) | — | — |
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 621.4 | (220.8 | ) | (34.2 | ) | (13.2 | ) | (621.4 | ) | (268.2 | ) |
| Financing activities |
| Principal payments of debt | — | (6.6 | ) | — | (3.8 | ) | — | (10.4 | ) |
| Collection on (repayment of) intercompany debt | — | 2.0 | — | (2.0 | ) | — | — |
| Debt issuance and financing costs | — | (4.1 | ) | — | — | — | (4.1 | ) |
| Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements | — | 0.6 | — | — | — | 0.6 |
| Net cash used in financing activities | — | (8.1 | ) | — | (5.8 | ) | — | (13.9 | ) |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | — | — | — | 1.5 | — | 1.5 |
| Net (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents for the period | — | (9.9 | ) | — | (10.1 | ) | — | (20.0 | ) |
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | — | 369.1 | — | 71.6 | — | 440.7 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | — | $ | 359.2 | $ | — | $ | 61.5 | $ | — | $ | 420.7 |

126
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements — (Continued)($, €, and RM in millions other than per share amounts)
26. Loss on Divestiture of Programs
On December 9, 2014, the Company entered into an agreement to transfer the Gulfstream programs at the Company’s Tulsa, Oklahoma site to Triumph. The transaction closed on December 30, 2014. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company paid Triumph $160.0 in cash at closing. In accordance with FASB ASU 2014-08, the divestiture of Gulfstream programs were considered an individually significant component that did not qualify for discontinued operations reporting and therefore the loss on the divestiture of Gulfstream programs and the results of its operations are included in continuing operations and disclosure requirements related to pretax profit or loss are described below.
The pre-tax loss from the divestiture totaled ($471.1), resulting in a tax benefit of $273.9, including a valuation allowance release related to the divestiture of $118.1, and after tax loss of ($197.2) for the period ended December 31, 2014. The pre-tax (loss) income of the Gulfstream programs was $1.3 and ($530.2) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.
127
Item 9.
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A.
Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2014 and have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified in the SEC's rules and forms. These disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit is accumulated and communicated to management of the Company, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company's board of directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance of the reliability of our financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatement. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in condition, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015. In making this evaluation, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013 Framework). Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2015. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm as stated in their report which appears herein.
Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2015 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
128
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.
We have audited Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2015 and our report dated February 12, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Wichita, Kansas
February 12, 2016
129
Item 9B.
Other Information
None.
130
PART III
Item 10. Director, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Information concerning the directors of Spirit Holdings will be provided in Spirit Holdings' proxy statement for its 2016 annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year, and that information is hereby incorporated by reference.
Information concerning the executive officers of Spirit is included in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Information concerning compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 will be provided in Spirit Holdings' proxy statement for its 2016 annual meeting of stockholders which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year, and that information is hereby incorporated by reference.
Information concerning corporate governance and the Board of Directors of Spirit Holdings will be provided in Spirit Holdings' proxy statement for its 2016 annual meeting of stockholders which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year, and that information is hereby incorporated by reference.
The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics and a Finance Code of Professional Conduct that applies to the Company's Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer, and persons performing similar functions. A copy of the Code of Ethics and Finance Code of Professional Conduct is available on the Company's website at www.spiritaero.com under the "Investor Relations" link, and any waiver from the Code of Ethics or Finance Code of Professional Conduct will be timely disclosed on the Company's website or a Current Report on Form 8-K, as will any amendments to the Code of Ethics or Finance Code of Professional Conduct.
Item 11.
Executive Compensation
Information concerning the compensation of directors and executive officers of Spirit Holdings will be provided in Spirit Holdings' proxy statement for its 2016 annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year, and that information is hereby incorporated by reference.
Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Information concerning the ownership of Spirit Holdings' equity securities by certain beneficial owners and by management will be provided in Spirit Holdings' proxy statement for its 2016 annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year, and that information is hereby incorporated by reference.
Equity Compensation Plan Information is included in Part II of this Annual Report.
Item 13.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Information concerning certain relationships and related transactions and director independence will be provided in Spirit Holdings' proxy statement for its 2016 annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year, and that information is hereby incorporated by reference.
Item 14.
Principal Accounting Fees and Services
Information concerning principal accounting fees and services will be provided in Spirit Holdings' proxy statement for its 2016 annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year, and that information is hereby incorporated by reference.
131
Part IV
Item 15.
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
| Article I. ExhibitNumber | Section 1.01 Exhibit | Incorporated byReference to theFollowing Documents |
| 2.1 | Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 22, 2005, between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. (f/k/a Mid-Western Aircraft Systems, Inc.) and The Boeing Company | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-135486), filed June 30, 2006, Exhibit 2.1 |
| 2.2 | First Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement, dated June 15, 2005, between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. (f/k/a Mid-Western Aircraft Systems, Inc.) and The Boeing Company | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-135486), filed June 30, 2006, Exhibit 2.2 |
| 2.3 | Asset Purchase Agreement, between Spirit AeroSystems Inc., Triumph Aerostructures - Tulsa LLC and Triumph Group, Inc., dated as of December 8, 2014 | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed January 6, 2015, Exhibit 2.1 |
| 2.4 | Amendment No. 1 to Asset Purchase Agreement, between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., Triumph Aerostructures - Tulsa, LLC and Triumph Group, Inc., dated as of December 30, 2014 | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed January 6, 2015, Exhibit 2.2 |
| 3.1 | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 20, 2009, Exhibit 3.1 |
| 3.2 | Third Amended and Restated By Laws of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed May 3, 2010, Exhibit 3.1 |
| 4.1 | Form of Class A Common Stock Certificate | Amendment No. 5 to Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-135486), filed November 17, 2006, Exhibit 4.1 |
| 4.2 | Form of Class B Common Stock Certificate | Amendment No. 5 to Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-135486), filed November 17, 2006, Exhibit 4.2 |
| 4.3 | Registration Agreement, dated June 16, 2005, among Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. (f/k/a Mid-Western Aircraft Systems, Inc.) and the persons listed on Schedule A thereto | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-135486), filed June 30, 2006, Exhibit 4.4 |
| 4.6 | Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2009, among Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., the guarantors identified therein, Banc of America Securities LLC and the other initial purchasers of the Notes named therein | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed October 1, 2009, Exhibit 4.3 |
| 4.7 | Indenture dated as of November 18, 2010, governing the 63/4% Senior Notes due 2020, by and among Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., the guarantors identified therein and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed November 18, 2010, Exhibit 4.1 |
| 4.8 | Form of 63/4% Senior Note due 2020 | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed November 18, 2010, included as Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.2 |
| 4.9 | Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of November 18, 2010, among Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., the guarantors identified therein, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated on behalf of itself and as representative of the several initial purchasers of the notes named therein | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed November 18, 2010, Exhibit 4.3 |

132
| Article I. ExhibitNumber | Section 1.01 Exhibit | Incorporated byReference to theFollowing Documents |
| 4.10 | Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 11, 2010 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed November 5, 2010, Exhibit 4.1 |
| 4.11 | Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 17, 2014 | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-331600, filed March 21, 2014, Exhibit 4.1 |
| 4.12 | Indenture dated as of March 18, 2014, governing the 5¼ Senior Notes due 2022, by and among Spirit, the guarantors identified therein and the Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed March 21, 2014, Exhibit 4.2 |
| 4.13 | Form of 5 ¼% Senior Note due 2022 | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed March 21, 2014, Exhibit 4.3 (included as Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.2) |
| 4.14 | Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 18, 2014, among Spirit, the guarantors identified therein, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated on behalf of itself and as representative of the several initial purchasers of the Notes named therein | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed March 21, 2014, Exhibit 4.4 |
| 10.1† | Employment Agreement, dated September 13, 2005, between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and H. David Walker | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-135486), filed June 30, 2006, Exhibit 10.3 |
| 10.2† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Philip D. Anderson, dated February 12, 2010 | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 17, 2010, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.3† | Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated Executive Incentive Plan | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed October 31, 2008, Exhibit 10.7 |
| 10.4† | Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. (f/k/a Mid-Western Aircraft Systems, Inc.) Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-135486), filed June 30, 2006, Exhibit 10.8 |
| 10.5† | Amendment to Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, dated July 30, 2007 | Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-146112), filed September 17, 2007, Exhibit 10.2 |
| 10.6† | Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Second Amended and Restated Short-Term Incentive Plan. | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed August 5, 2011, Exhibit 10.3 |
| 10.7† | Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Fourth Amended and Restated Long-Term Incentive Plan. | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed August 5, 2011, Exhibit 10.4 |
| 10.8† | Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Cash Incentive Plan | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-135486), filed June 30, 2006, Exhibit 10.11 |
| 10.9† | Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Union Equity Participation Program | Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-135486), filed October 30, 2006, Exhibit 10.12 |

133
| Article I. ExhibitNumber | Section 1.01 Exhibit | Incorporated byReference to theFollowing Documents |
| 10.10† | Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Second Amended and Restated Director Stock Plan | Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-150402), filed April 23, 2008, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.11 | Form of Indemnification Agreement | Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-135486), filed August 29, 2006, Exhibit 10.14 |
| 10.12†† | Special Business Provisions (Sustaining), as amended through February 6, 2013, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 19, 2014, Exhibit 10.17 |
| 10.13†† | Amendment No. 9 to Special Business Provisions, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems Inc., dated as of September 4, 2014 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed October 31, 2014, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.14†† | Amendment No. 10 to Special Business Provisions, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems Inc., dated as of September 26, 2014 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed October 31, 2014, Exhibit 10.2 |
| 10.15†† | General Terms Agreement (Sustaining and others), dated as of June 16, 2005, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. (f/k/a Mid-Western Aircraft Systems, Inc.) | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-135486), filed June 30, 2006, Exhibit 10.24 |
| 10.16†† | Hardware Material Services General Terms Agreement, dated as of June 16, 2005, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. (f/k/a Mid-Western Aircraft Systems, Inc.) | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-135486), filed June 30, 2006, Exhibit 10.25 |
| 10.17†† | Ancillary Know-How Supplemental License Agreement, dated as of June 16, 2005, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. (f/k/a Mid-Western Aircraft Systems, Inc.) | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-135486), filed June 30, 2006, Exhibit 10.26 |
| 10.18 | Sublease Agreement, dated as of June 16, 2005, among The Boeing Company, Boeing IRB Asset Trust and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. (f/k/a Mid-Western Aircraft Systems, Inc.) | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-135486), filed June 30, 2006, Exhibit 10.27 |
| 10.19 | Inducement Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and The North Carolina Global TransPark Authority, dated May 14, 2008 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed August 1, 2008, Exhibit 10.2 |
| 10.20 | Lease Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and The North Carolina Global TransPark Authority, dated May 14, 2008 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed August 1, 2008, Exhibit 10.3 |
| 10.21 | Construction Agency Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and The North Carolina Global TransPark Authority, dated May 14, 2008 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed August 1, 2008, Exhibit 10.4 |
| 10.22† | Amendment to the Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated Executive Incentive Plan. | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed May 6, 2010, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.23 | Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan, As Amended | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed May 6, 2011, Exhibit 10.34 |

134
| Article I. ExhibitNumber | Section 1.01 Exhibit | Incorporated byReference to theFollowing Documents |
| 10.24† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and David Coleal, effective as of July 14, 2011 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed November 4, 2011, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.25 | Credit Agreement, dated as of April 18, 2012, among Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., the other guarantors party thereto, Bank of America, N.A. and the other agents and lenders party thereto | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed August 7, 2012, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.26 | Amendment No. 1, dated as of October 26, 2012, to Credit Agreement dated as of April 18, 2012 among Spirit Aerosystems, Inc., Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc., the other guarantors party thereto, Bank of America, N.A. and the other agents and lenders party thereto | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed October 30, 2012, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.27 | Amendment No. 2, dated as of August 2, 2013, to Credit Agreement dated as of April 18, 2012 among Spirit Aerosystems, Inc., Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc., the other guarantors party thereto, Bank of America, N.A. and the other agents and lenders party thereto | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 19, 2014, Exhibit 10.31 |
| 10.28† | Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Jon Lammers, effective as of July 24, 2012 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed November 5, 2012, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.29 | Amendment No. 2, dated March 4, 2011, to General Terms Agreement (Sustaining and Others) between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed November 5, 2012, Exhibit 10.2 |

| 10.30†† | Memorandum of Agreement, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., made as of March 9, 2012, amending Special Business Provisions (Sustaining) | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed November 5, 2012, Exhibit 10.4 |
| 10.31† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Larry A. Lawson, effective as of March 18, 2013 | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed March 22, 2013, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.32† | Retirement and Consulting Agreement and General Release between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. and Jeffrey L. Turner, effective as of May 2, 2013 | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed May 6, 2013, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.33† | Retirement and Consulting Agreement and General Release between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. and Michael G. King, effective as of June 18, 2013 | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed June 24, 2013, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.34† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Sanjay Kapoor, effective as of August 23, 2013 | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed August 26, 2013, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.35† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Heidi Wood, effective as of July 15, 2013 | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 19, 2014, Exhibit 10.40 |
| 10.36† | Amendment to Employment Agreement between Spirit Aerosystems, Inc. and Heidi Wood, effective as of July 15, 2013 | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 19, 2014, Exhibit 10.41 |
| 10.37† | Form of Executive Compensation Letter | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 19, 2014, Exhibit 10.42 |

135
| Article I. ExhibitNumber | Section 1.01 Exhibit | Incorporated byReference to theFollowing Documents |
| 10.38 | Amendment No. 3, dated as of March 18, 2014, to Credit Agreement dated as of April 18, 2012 among Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc., the other guarantors party thereto, Bank of America, N.A. and the other agents and lenders party thereto | Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33160), filed March 21, 2014, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.39 | Memorandum of Agreement (737 MAX Non-Recurring Agreement), between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., made as of April 7, 2014, amending Spirit's long-term supply agreement with Boeing | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed August 1, 2014, Exhibit 10.2 |
| 10.40 | Memorandum of Agreement (Pricing Agreement), between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., made as of April 8, 2014, amending Spirit's long-term supply agreement with Boeing | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed August 1, 2014, Exhibit 10.3 |
| 10.41 | Amendment No. 4 to Credit Agreement, dated as of June 3, 2014, among Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc., the other guarantors party thereto, Bank of America, N.A. and the other agents and lenders party thereto | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed August 1, 2014, Exhibit 10.4 |
| 10.42† | Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan | Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-195790), filed May 8, 2014, Exhibit 10.1. |
| 10.43† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Samantha Marnick, effective as of February 22, 2006 and annual Executive Compensation Letter, dated May 3, 2013 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed May 2, 2014, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.44† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Duane Hawkins, effective as of June 17, 2013 | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 12, 2015, Exhibit 10.44 |
| 10.45† | Amendment to Employment Agreement between Spirit Aerosystems, Inc. and Duane Hawkins, effective as of June 17, 2013 | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 12, 2015, Exhibit 10.45 |
| 10.46† | Annual Executive Compensation Letter between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and John Pilla, dated February 7, 2014 | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 12, 2015, Exhibit 10.46 |
| 10.47† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Krisstie Kondrotis, effective as of December 10, 2014 | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed February 12, 2015, Exhibit 10.47 |
| 10.50 | Amendment No. 11 to Special Business Provisions, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., dates as of March 10, 2015 | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed May 1, 2015, Exhibit 10.1 |
| 10.51 | Amendment No. 5, dated as of March 18, 2015, to Credit Agreement dated as of April 18, 2012 among Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc., the other guarantors party thereto, Bank of America, N.A. and the other agents and lenders party thereto. | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed May 1, 2015, Exhibit 10.2 |
| 10.52 | Amendment No. 12 to Special Business Provisions, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., dates as of April 9, 2015. | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed July 31, 2015, Exhibit 10.1 |

136
| Article I. ExhibitNumber | Section 1.01 Exhibit | Incorporated byReference to theFollowing Documents |
| 10.53 | Amendment No. 14 to Special Business Provisions, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., dates as of April 21, 2015. | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed July 31, 2015, Exhibit 10.2 |
| 10.54† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Michelle Lohmeier, effective as of June 10, 2015. | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed July 31, 2015, Exhibit 10.3 |
| 10.55† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Ron Rabe, effective as of June 9, 2015. | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed July 31, 2015, Exhibit 10.4 |
| 10.56† | Resignation and Consulting Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and David Coleal, effective as of May 21, 2015. | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed July 31, 2015, Exhibit 10.5 |
| 10.57 | Amendment No. 13 to Special Business Provisions, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., dates as of January 4, 2016. | * |
| 10.58†† | Amendment No. 17 to Special Business Provisions, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., dates as of December 23, 2015. | * |
| 10.59†† | Amendment No. 20 to Special Business Provisions, between The Boeing Company and Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., dates as of November 1, 2015. | * |
| 10.60† | Separation Agreement and Release between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. and Jon Lammers, effective as of December 6, 2015. | * |
| 10.61† | Employment Agreement between Spirit AeroSystems, Inc., and Stacy Cozad, effective as of January 4, 2016. | * |
| 12.1 | Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges | * |
| 14.1 | Code of Ethics |
| (i) Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Code of Ethics and Business Conduct, as amended | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed August 5, 2011, Exhibit 14.1 |
| (ii) Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Code of Conduct for Finance Employees | Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-33160), filed March 5, 2007, Exhibit 14.1 |
| (iii) Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. Code of Ethics and Business Conduct, as amended | Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-33160), filed October 30, 2015, Exhibit 14.1 |
| 21.1 | Subsidiaries of Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. | * |
| 23.1 | Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP | * |
| 23.2 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP | * |
| 31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | * |
| 31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | * |
| 32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | ** |
| 32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | ** |

137
| Article I. ExhibitNumber | Section 1.01 Exhibit | Incorporated byReference to theFollowing Documents |
| 101.INS@ | XBRL Instance Document. | * |
| 101.SCH@ | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | * |
| 101.CAL@ | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | * |
| 101.DEF@ | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | * |
| 101.LAB@ | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | * |
| 101.PRE@ | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | * |

_______________________________________
| † | Indicates management contract or compensation plan or arrangement |

| †† | Indicates that portions of the exhibit have been omitted and separately filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a request for confidential treatment |

| * | Filed herewith |

| ** | Furnished herewith |

138
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Wichita, State of Kansas on February 12, 2016.
| SPIRIT AEROSYSTEMS HOLDINGS, INC. |
| By: | /s/ Sanjay Kapoor |
| Sanjay Kapoor Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Signature | Title | Date |
| /s/ Larry A. Lawson | Director, President and Chief Executive | February 12, 2016 |
| Larry A. Lawson | Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
| /s/ Sanjay Kapoor | Senior Vice President and Chief Financial | February 12, 2016 |
| Sanjay Kapoor | Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
| /s/ Mark J. Suchinski | Vice President and Corporate Controller | February 12, 2016 |
| Mark J. Suchinski | (Principal Accounting Officer) |
| /s/ Robert Johnson | Director, Chairman of the Board | February 12, 2016 |
| Robert Johnson |
| /s/ Charles Chadwell | Director | February 12, 2016 |
| Charles Chadwell |
| /s/ Irene M. Esteves | Director | February 12, 2016 |
| Irene M. Esteves |
| /s/ Paul Fulchino | Director | February 12, 2016 |
| Paul Fulchino |
| /s/ Richard Gephardt | Director | February 12, 2016 |
| Richard Gephardt |
| /s/ Ronald Kadish | Director | February 12, 2016 |
| Ronald Kadish |
| /s/ Christopher E. Kubasik | Director | February 12, 2016 |
| Christopher E. Kubasik |
| /s/ John L. Plueger | Director | February 12, 2016 |
| John L. Plueger |
| /s/ Francis Raborn | Director | February 12, 2016 |
| Francis Raborn |

139

Question: What will be the remaining backlog volume after repaying the advance payment received from Airbus (in million USD)?

Python solution:
def solution():
    #Define variables name and value

    current_backlog = 46900.0 # in million USD

    advance_payment = 170.0 # in million USD

    #Do math calculation to get the answer
    remaining_backlog = current_backlog - advance_payment
    return remaining_backlog


Answer: 46730