# UNITED STATES

# SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Annual report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of

The Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the fiscal year ended

Delaware

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

270 Park Avenue, New York, NY

(Address of principal executive offices)

Commission file number 1-5805

# JPMorgan Chase & Co.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(Zip code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (212) 270-6000

# Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

# Title of each class

# Common stock

Depositary shares representing a one-tenth interest in 6 5/8%

  cumulative preferred stock (stated value—$500)

Guarantee of 7.50% Capital Securities, Series I, of J.P. Morgan Chase

#   Capital IX

Guarantee of 7.00% Capital Securities, Series J, of J.P. Morgan

#   Chase Capital X

Guarantee of 57/8% Capital Securities, Series K, of J.P. Morgan Chase

#   Capital XI

Guarantee of 6.25% Capital Securities, Series L, of J.P. Morgan

#   Chase Capital XII

Guarantee of 6.20% Capital Securities, Series N, of JPMorgan

#   Chase Capital XIV

JPMorgan Market Participation Notes on the S&P 500® Index due

Capped Quarterly Observation Notes Linked to S&P 500® Index due

The Indexed Linked Notes, JPMorgan Market Participation Notes, Capped Quarterly Observation Notes, Consumer Price

Indexed Securities and Principal Protected Notes are listed on the American Stock Exchange; all other securities named above are listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: none

     Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. x Yes o No

     Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. o Yes x No

     Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes o No

     Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x

     Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer" and "large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): x Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer

     Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes x No

Documents Incorporated by Reference: Portions of the Registrant's proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held on May 16, 2006, are incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K in response to Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III.

# Form 10-K Index

| Item 1 | Business | 1 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
|  | Overview | 1 |
|  | Business segments | 1 |
|  | Competition | 1 |
|  | Supervision and regulation | 1 |
|  | Non-U.S. operations | 4 |
|  | Distribution of assets, liabilities and stockholders' equity; |  |
|  | interest rates and interest differentials | 136–140 |
|  | Return on equity and assets | 22, 133, 136–137 |
|  | Securities portfolio | 141 |
|  | Loan portfolio | 64–72, 106–107, 142–144 |
|  | Summary of loan and lending-related commitments loss experience | 73–74, 107–108, 145–146 |
|  | Deposits | 146 |
|  | Short-term and other borrowed funds | 147 |
| Item 1A | Risk factors | 4 |
| Item 1B | Unresolved SEC Staff comments | 6 |
| Item 2 | Properties | 7 |
| Item 3 | Legal proceedings | 7 |
| Item 4 | Submission of matters to a vote of security holders | 9 |
|  | Executive officers of the registrant | 9 |
| Part II |  |  |
| Item 5 | Market for Registrant's common equity, related stockholder |  |
|  | matters and issuer purchases of equity securities | 11 |
| Item 6 | Selected financial data | 11 |
| Item 7 | Management's discussion and analysis of financial |  |
|  | condition and results of operations | 11 |
| Item 7A | Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk | 11 |
| Item 8 | Financial statements and supplementary data | 11 |
| Item 9 | Changes in and disagreements with accountants on accounting |  |
|  | and financial disclosure | 11 |
| Item 9A | Controls and procedures | 12 |
| Item 9B | Other information | 12 |
| Part III |  |  |
| Item 10 | Directors and executive officers of the Registrant | 12 |
| Item 11 | Executive compensation | 12 |
| Item 12 | Security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters | 12 |
| Item 13 | Certain relationships and related transactions | 12 |
| Item 14 | Principal accounting fees and services | 12 |
| Part IV |  |  |
| Item 15 | Exhibits, financial statement schedules | 12 |

# Part I

# Item 1: Business

Effective July 1, 2004, Bank One Corporation ("Bank One") merged with and into JPMorgan Chase & Co. (the "Merger"), pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated January 14, 2004. As a result of the Merger, each outstanding share of common stock of Bank One was converted in a stock-for-stock exchange into 1.32 shares of common stock of JPMorgan Chase & Co. ("JPMorgan Chase" or the "Firm"). The Merger was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. The purchase price to complete the Merger was $58.5 billion.

# Overview

JPMorgan Chase is a financial holding company incorporated under Delaware law in 1968. JPMorgan Chase is one of the largest banking institutions in the United States, with $1.2 trillion in assets, $107 billion in stockholders' equity and operations worldwide.

JPMorgan Chase's principal bank subsidiaries are JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association ("JPMorgan Chase Bank"), a national banking association with branches in 17 states, and Chase Bank USA, National Association ("Chase USA"), a national banking association that is the Firm's credit card-issuing bank. JPMorgan Chase's principal nonbank subsidiary is J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. ("JPMSI"), its U.S. investment banking firm. The bank and nonbank subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase operate nationally as well as through overseas branches and subsidiaries, representative offices and subsidiary foreign banks.

The Firm's website is www.jpmorganchase.com. JPMorgan Chase makes available free of charge, through its website, annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as soon as reasonably practicable after it electronically files such material with, or furnishes such material to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). The Firm has adopted, and posted on its website, a Code of Ethics for its Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and other senior financial officers.

# Business segments

JPMorgan Chase's activities are organized, for management reporting purposes, into six business segments (Investment Bank, Retail Financial Services, Card Services, Commercial Banking, Treasury & Securities Services and Asset & Wealth Management) and Corporate, which includes its Private Equity and Treasury businesses, as well as corporate support functions. A description of the Firm's business segments and the products and services they provide to their respective client bases is provided in the "Business segment results" section of Management's discussion and analysis ("MD&A"), beginning on page 34, and in Note 31 on page 130.

# Competition

JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries and affiliates operate in a highly competitive environment. Competitors include other banks, brokerage firms, investment banking companies, merchant banks, insurance companies, mutual fund companies, credit card companies, mortgage banking companies, hedge funds, trust companies, automobile financing companies, leasing companies,

Bank One's results of operations were included in the Firm's results beginning July 1, 2004. Therefore, the results of operations for the 12 months ended December 31, 2004, reflect six months of operations of the combined Firm and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase; the results of operations for all other periods prior to 2004 reflect only the operations of heritage JPMorgan Chase.

e-commerce and other Internet-based companies, and a variety of other financial services and advisory companies. JPMorgan Chase's businesses compete with these other firms with respect to the quality and range of products and services offered and the types of clients, customers, industries and geographies served. With respect to some of its geographies and products, JPMorgan Chase competes globally; with respect to others, the Firm competes on a regional basis. JPMorgan Chase's ability to compete effectively depends upon the relative performance of its products, the degree to which the features of its products appeal to customers, and the extent to which the Firm is able to meet its clients' objectives or needs. The Firm's ability to compete also depends upon its ability to attract and retain its professional and other personnel, and on its reputation.

The financial services industry has experienced consolidation and convergence in recent years, as financial institutions involved in a broad range of financial products and services have merged. This convergence trend is expected to continue. Consolidation could result in competitors of JPMorgan Chase gaining greater capital and other resources, such as a broader range of products and services and geographic diversity. It is possible that competition will become even more intense as the Firm continues to compete with other financial institutions that may be larger or better capitalized, or that may have a stronger local presence in certain geographies. For a discussion of certain risks relating to the Firm's competitive environment, see the Risk factors on page 4.

# Supervision and regulation

Permissible business activities: The Firm is subject to regulation under state and federal law, including the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the "BHCA"). JPMorgan Chase elected to become a financial holding company as of March 13, 2000 pursuant to the provisions of the 1999 Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act ("GLBA").

Under regulations implemented by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve Board"), if any depository institution controlled by a financial holding company ceases to meet certain capital or management standards, the Federal Reserve Board may impose corrective capital and/or managerial requirements on the financial holding company and place limitations on its ability to conduct the broader financial activities permissible for financial holding companies. In addition, the Federal Reserve Board may require divestiture of the holding company's depository institutions if the deficiencies persist. The regulations also provide that if any depository institution controlled by a financial holding company fails to maintain a satisfactory rating under the Community Reinvestment Act ("CRA"), the Federal Reserve Board must prohibit the financial holding company and its subsidiaries from engaging in any additional activities other than those

permissible for bank holding companies that are not financial holding companies. At December 31, 2005, the depository-institution subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase met the capital, management and CRA requirements necessary to permit the Firm to conduct the broader activities permitted under GLBA. However, there can be no assurance that this will continue to be the case in the future.

Regulation by Federal Reserve Board under GLBA: Under GLBA's system of "functional regulation," the Federal Reserve Board acts as an "umbrella regulator," and certain of JPMorgan Chase's subsidiaries are regulated directly by additional authorities based upon the particular activities of those subsidiaries. JPMorgan Chase Bank and Chase USA are regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency ("OCC"). The Firm's securities and investment advisory activities are regulated by the SEC, and insurance activities are regulated by state insurance commissioners.

Dividend restrictions: Federal law imposes limitations on the payment of dividends by the subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase that are national banks. Nonbank subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase are not subject to those limitations. The amount of dividends that may be paid by national banks, such as JPMorgan Chase Bank and Chase USA, is limited to the lesser of the amounts calculated under a "recent earnings" test and an "undivided profits" test. Under the recent earnings test, a dividend may not be paid if the total of all dividends declared by a bank in any calendar year is in excess of the current year's net income combined with the retained net income of the two preceding years, unless the national bank obtains the approval of the OCC. Under the undivided profits test, a dividend may not be paid in excess of a bank's "undivided profits." See Note 23 on page 121 for the amount of dividends that the Firm's principal bank subsidiaries could pay, at January 1, 2006 and 2005, to their respective bank holding companies without the approval of their banking regulators.

In addition to the dividend restrictions described above, the OCC, the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the "FDIC") have authority to prohibit or to limit the payment of dividends by the banking organizations they supervise, including JPMorgan Chase and its bank and bank holding company subsidiaries, if, in the banking regulator's opinion, payment of a dividend would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice in light of the financial condition of the banking organization.

Capital requirements: Federal banking regulators have adopted risk-based capital and leverage guidelines that require the Firm's capital-to-assets ratios to meet certain minimum standards.

The risk-based capital ratio is determined by allocating assets and specified off-balance sheet financial instruments into four weighted categories, with higher levels of capital being required for the categories perceived as representing greater risk. Under the guidelines, capital is divided into two tiers: Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital. The amount of Tier 2 capital may not exceed the amount of Tier 1 capital. Total capital is the sum of Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital. Under the guidelines, banking organizations are required to maintain a Total capital ratio (total capital to risk-weighted assets) of 8% and a Tier 1 capital ratio of 4%.

Tier 1 components: Capital surplus, common stock and noncumulative perpetual preferred stock are the most basic components of Tier 1 capital. The Federal Reserve Board also permits cumulative perpetual preferred securities to be included in Tier 1 capital but only up to certain limits. On March 1, 2005, the Federal Reserve Board issued a final rule, which became effective April 11, 2005, that continues the inclusion of trust preferred securities in Tier 1 capital, subject to

stricter quantitative limits and revised qualitative standards, and broadens the definition of restricted core capital elements. The rule provides for a five-year transition period. As an internationally active bank holding company, JPMorgan Chase is subject to the rule's limitation on restricted core capital elements, including trust preferred securities, to 15% of total core capital elements, net of goodwill less any associated deferred tax liability. At December 31, 2005, JPMorgan Chase's restricted core capital elements were 16.5% of total core capital elements. JPMorgan Chase expects to be in compliance with the 15% limit by the March 31, 2009, implementation date. Trust preferred securities are generally issued by a special-purpose trust established and owned by JPMorgan Chase. Proceeds from the issuance to the public of the trust preferred securities are lent to the Firm for at least 30 (but not more than 50) years. The intercompany note that evidences this loan provides that the interest payments by JPMorgan Chase on the note may be deferred for up to five years. During the period of any such deferral, no payments of dividends may be made on any outstanding JPMorgan Chase preferred or common stock or on the outstanding trust preferred securities issued to the public. As a result of the Firm's implementation of Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities ("FIN 46"), JPMorgan Chase does not consolidate these trusts on its balance sheet.

Tier 2 components: Long-term subordinated debt (generally having an original maturity of 10–12 years) is the primary form of JPMorgan Chase's Tier 2 capital.

The federal banking regulators also have established minimum leverage ratio guidelines. The leverage ratio is defined as Tier 1 capital divided by average total assets (net of the allowance for loan losses, goodwill and certain intangible assets). The minimum leverage ratio is 3% for bank holding companies that are considered "strong" under Federal Reserve Board guidelines or which have implemented the Federal Reserve Board's risk-based capital measure for market risk. Other bank holding companies must have a minimum leverage ratio of 4%. Bank holding companies may be expected to maintain ratios well above the minimum levels, depending upon their particular condition, risk profile and growth plans.

The risk-based capital requirements explicitly identify concentrations of credit risk, certain risks arising from non-traditional banking activities, and the management of those risks as important factors to consider in assessing an institution's overall capital adequacy. Other factors taken into consideration by federal regulators include: interest rate exposure; liquidity, funding and market risk; the quality and level of earnings; the quality of loans and investments; the effectiveness of loan and investment policies; and management's overall ability to monitor and control financial and operational risks, including the risks presented by concentrations of credit and non-traditional banking activities. In addition, the risk-based capital rules incorporate a measure for market risk in foreign exchange and commodity activities and in the trading of debt and equity instruments. The market risk-based capital rules require banking organizations with large trading activities (such as JPMorgan Chase) to maintain capital for market risk in an amount calculated by using the banking organizations' own internal Value-at-Risk models (subject to parameters set by the regulators).

The minimum risk-based capital requirements adopted by the federal banking agencies follow the Capital Accord of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. The Basel Committee has proposed a revision to the Accord ("Basel II"). U.S. banking regulators are in the process of incorporating the Basel II Framework into the existing risk-based capital requirements.

JPMorgan Chase will be required to implement advanced measurement techniques in the U.S. by employing internal estimates of certain key risk drivers to derive capital requirements. Prior to implementation of the new Basel II Framework, JPMorgan Chase will be required to demonstrate to its U.S. bank supervisors that internal criteria meet the relevant supervisory standards. JPMorgan Chase expects to be in compliance within the established timelines with all relevant Basel II rules.

FDICIA: The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 ("FDICIA") provides a framework for regulation of depository institutions and their affiliates, including parent holding companies, by their federal banking regulators; among other things, it requires the relevant federal banking regulator to take "prompt corrective action" with respect to a depository institution if that institution does not meet certain capital adequacy standards.

Supervisory actions by the appropriate federal banking regulator under the "prompt corrective action" rules generally depend upon an institution's classification within five capital categories. The regulations apply only to banks and not to bank holding companies such as JPMorgan Chase; however, subject to limitations that may be imposed pursuant to GLBA, the Federal Reserve Board is authorized to take appropriate action at the holding company level, based upon the undercapitalized status of the holding company's subsidiary banking institutions. In certain instances relating to an undercapitalized banking institution, the bank holding company would be required to guarantee the performance of the undercapitalized subsidiary and might be liable for civil money damages for failure to fulfill its commitments on that guarantee.

FDIC Insurance Assessments: FDICIA also requires the FDIC to establish a risk- based assessment system for FDIC deposit insurance. Under the FDIC's risk-based insurance premium assessment system, each depository institution is assigned to one of nine risk classifications based upon certain capital and supervisory measures and, depending upon its classification, is assessed insurance premiums on its deposits. In February 2006, a bill intended to reform the deposit insurance system was enacted. This law will generally not be effective until the FDIC issues final regulations implementing the new law. It is not possible to fully assess the impact of the law until such final regulations are promulgated.

# Powers of the FDIC upon insolvency of an insured depository institution: An

FDIC-insured depository institution can be held liable for any loss incurred or expected to be incurred by the FDIC in connection with another FDIC-insured institution under common control, with such institution being "in default" or "in danger of default" (commonly referred to as "cross-guarantee" liability). An FDIC cross-guarantee claim against a depository institution is generally superior in right of payment to claims of the holding company and its affiliates against such depository institution.

If the FDIC is appointed the conservator or receiver of an insured depository institution upon its insolvency or in certain other events, the FDIC has the power: (1) to transfer any of the depository institution's assets and liabilities to a new obligor without the approval of the depository institution's creditors; (2) to enforce the terms of the depository institution's contracts pursuant to their terms; or (3) to repudiate or disaffirm any contract or lease to which the depository institution is a party, the performance of which is determined by the FDIC to be burdensome and the disaffirmation or repudiation of which is determined by the FDIC to promote the orderly administration of the depository institution. The above provisions would be applicable to obligations and liabilities of JPMorgan Chase's subsidiaries that are insured depository

institutions, such as JPMorgan Chase Bank and Chase USA, including, without limitation, obligations under senior or subordinated debt issued by those banks to investors (referenced below as "public noteholders") in the public markets.

Under federal law, the claims of a receiver of an insured depository institution for administrative expenses and the claims of holders of U.S. deposit liabilities (including the FDIC, as subrogee of the depositors) have priority over the claims of other unsecured creditors of the institution, including public note-holders, in the event of the liquidation or other resolution of the institution. As a result, whether or not the FDIC would ever seek to repudiate any obligations held by public noteholders of any subsidiary of the Firm that is an insured depository institution, such as JPMorgan Chase Bank or Chase USA, the public noteholders would be treated differently from, and could receive, if anything, substantially less than the depositors of the depository institution.

The USA PATRIOT Act: The USA Patriot Act of 2001 ("Patriot Act") substantially broadens existing anti-money laundering legislation and the extraterritorial jurisdiction of the United States; imposes new compliance and due diligence obligations; creates new crimes and penalties; compels the production of documents located both inside and outside the United States, including those of non-U.S. institutions that have a correspondent relationship in the United States; and clarifies the safe harbor from civil liability to customers. The United States Department of the Treasury has issued a number of regulations that further clarify the Patriot Act's requirements or provide more specific guidance on their application.

The Patriot Act requires all "financial institutions," as defined, to establish certain anti- money laundering compliance and due diligence programs. The Act requires financial institutions that maintain correspondent accounts for non-U.S. institutions, or persons that are involved in private banking for "non-United States persons" or their representatives, to establish, "appropriate, specific and, where necessary, enhanced due diligence policies, procedures, and controls that are reasonably designed to detect and report instances of money laundering through those accounts." JPMorgan Chase believes its programs satisfy the requirements of the Patriot Act. Bank regulators are focusing their examinations on anti-money laundering compliance, and JPMorgan Chase continues to enhance its anti-money laundering compliance programs.

Other supervision and regulation: Under current Federal Reserve Board policy, JPMorgan Chase is expected to act as a source of financial strength to its bank subsidiaries and to commit resources to support the bank subsidiaries in circumstances where it might not do so absent such policy. However, because GLBA provides for functional regulation of financial holding company activities by various regulators, GLBA prohibits the Federal Reserve Board from requiring payment by a holding company or subsidiary to a depository institution if the functional regulator of the payor objects to such payment. In such a case, the Federal Reserve Board could instead require the divestiture of the depository institution and impose operating restrictions pending the divestiture.

Any loans by a bank holding company to any of its subsidiary banks are subordinate in right of payment to deposits and certain other indebtedness of the subsidiary banks. In the event of a bank holding company's bankruptcy, any commitment by the bank holding company to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain the capital of a subsidiary bank at a certain level would be assumed by the bankruptcy trustee and entitled to a priority of payment.

The bank subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase are subject to certain restrictions imposed by federal law on extensions of credit to, and certain other transactions with, the Firm and certain other affiliates, and on investments in stock or securities of JPMorgan Chase and those affiliates. These restrictions prevent JPMorgan Chase and other affiliates from borrowing from a bank subsidiary unless the loans are secured in specified amounts.

The Firm's bank and certain of its nonbank subsidiaries are subject to direct supervision and regulation by various other federal and state authorities (some of which are considered "functional regulators" under GLBA). JPMorgan Chase's national bank subsidiaries, such as JPMorgan Chase Bank and Chase USA, are subject to supervision and regulation by the OCC and, in certain matters, by the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC. Supervision and regulation by the responsible regulatory agency generally includes comprehensive annual reviews of all major aspects of the relevant bank's business and condition, as well as the imposition of periodic reporting requirements and limitations on investments and other powers. The Firm also conducts securities underwriting, dealing and brokerage activities through JPMSI and other broker-dealer subsidiaries, all of which are subject to the regulations of the SEC and the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. ("NASD"). JPMSI is a member of the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"). The operations of JPMorgan Chase's mutual funds also are subject to regulation by the SEC. The types of activities in which the non- U.S. branches of JPMorgan Chase Bank and the international subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase may engage are subject to various restrictions imposed by the Federal Reserve Board. Those non-U.S. branches and international subsidiaries also are subject to the laws and regulatory authorities of the countries in which they operate.

The activities of JPMorgan Chase Bank and Chase USA as consumer lenders also are subject to regulation under various federal laws, including the Truth-in-Lending, the Equal Credit Opportunity, the Fair Credit Reporting, the Fair Debt Collection Practice and the Electronic Funds Transfer acts, as well as various state laws. These statutes impose requirements on the making, enforcement and collection of consumer loans and on the types of disclosures that need to be made in connection with such loans.

In addition, under the requirements imposed by GLBA, JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries are required periodically to disclose to their retail customers the Firm's policies and practices with respect to (1) the sharing of non-public customer information with JPMorgan Chase affiliates and others; and (2) the confidentiality and security of that information. Under GLBA, retail customers also must be given the opportunity to "opt out" of information-sharing arrangements with non-affiliates, subject to certain exceptions set forth in GLBA.

For a discussion of certain risks relating to the Firm's regulatory environment, see Risk factors below.

# Non-U.S. operations

For geographic distributions of total revenue, total expense, income before income tax expense and net income, see Note 30 on page 129. For a discussion of non-U.S. loans, see Note 11 on page 106 and the sections entitled "Country exposure" in the MD&A on page 70, Loan portfolio on page 142 and "Cross-border outstandings" on page 143.

# Item 1A: Risk factors

The following discussion sets forth some of the more important risk factors that could affect the Firm's business and operations. However, other factors besides those discussed below or elsewhere in this or other of the Firm's reports filed or furnished with the SEC also could adversely affect the Firm's business or results. The reader should not consider any descriptions of such factors to be a complete set of all potential risks that may face the Firm.

# JPMorgan Chase's results of operations could be adversely affected by U.S. and international markets and economic conditions.

The Firm's businesses are affected by conditions in the global financial markets and economic conditions generally both in the U.S. and internationally. Factors such as the liquidity of the global financial markets; the level and volatility of equity prices; interest rates and commodities prices; investor sentiment; inflation; and the availability and cost of credit can significantly affect the activity level of clients with respect to size, number and timing of transactions involving the Firm's investment banking business, including its underwriting and advisory businesses. These factors also may affect the realization of cash returns from the Firm's private equity business. A market downturn would likely lead to a decline in the volume of transactions that the Firm executes for its customers and, therefore, lead to a decline in the revenues it receives from trading commissions and spreads. In addition, lower market volatility will reduce trading and arbitrage opportunities, which could lead to lower trading revenues. Higher interest rates or weakness in the markets also could adversely affect the number or size of underwritings the Firm manages on behalf of clients and affect the willingness of financial sponsors or investors to participate in loan syndications or underwritings managed by JPMorgan Chase.

The Firm generally maintains large trading portfolios in the fixed income, currency, commodity and equity markets and has significant investment positions, including merchant banking investments held by its private equity business. The revenues derived from mark-to-market values of the Firm's business are affected by many factors, including its credit standing; its success in proprietary positioning; volatility in interest rates and equity and debt markets; and other economic and business factors. JPMorgan Chase anticipates that revenues relating to its trading will experience volatility and there can be no assurance that such volatility relating to the above factors or other conditions could not materially adversely affect the Firm's earnings.

The fees JPMorgan Chase earns for managing third-party assets are also dependent upon general economic conditions. For example, a higher level of U.S. or non-U.S. interest rates or a downturn in trading markets could affect the valuations of the third- party assets managed by the Firm, which, in turn, could affect the Firm's revenues. Moreover, even in the absence of a market downturn, below-market performance by JPMorgan Chase's investment management businesses could result in outflows of assets under management and supervision and, therefore, reduce the fees the Firm receives.

The credit quality of JPMorgan Chase's on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet assets may be affected by business conditions. In a poor economic environment there is a greater likelihood that more of the Firm's customers or counterparties could become delinquent on their loans or other obligations to JPMorgan Chase which, in turn, could result in a higher level of charge-offs and provision for credit losses, all of which would adversely affect the Firm's earnings.

The Firm's consumer businesses are particularly affected by domestic economic conditions which can materially adversely affect such businesses and the Firm.

Such conditions include U.S. interest rates; the rate of unemployment; the level of consumer confidence; changes in consumer spending; and the number of personal bankruptcies, among others. Certain changes to these conditions can diminish demand for businesses' products and services, or increase the cost to provide such products and services. In addition, a deterioration in consumers' credit quality could lead to an increase in loan delinquencies and higher net charge-offs, which could adversely affect the Firm's earnings.

# There is increasing competition in the financial services industry which may adversely affect JPMorgan Chase's results of operations.

JPMorgan Chase operates in a highly competitive environment and expects competitive conditions to continue to intensify as continued merger activity in the financial services industry produces larger, better-capitalized and more geographically-diverse companies that are capable of offering a wider array of financial products and services at more competitive prices.

The Firm also faces an increasing array of competitors. Competitors include other banks, brokerage firms, investment banking companies, merchant banks, insurance companies, mutual fund companies, credit card companies, mortgage banking companies, hedge funds, trust companies, automobile financing companies, leasing companies, e-commerce and other Internet-based companies, and a variety of other financial services and advisory companies. Technological advances and the growth of e- commerce have made it possible for non-depository institutions to offer products and services that traditionally were banking products, and for financial institutions and other companies to provide electronic and Internet-based financial solutions, including electronic securities trading. JPMorgan Chase's businesses generally compete on the basis of the quality and variety of its products and services, transaction execution, innovation, technology, reputation and price. Ongoing or increased competition in any one or all of these areas may put downward pressure on prices for the Firm's products and services or may cause the Firm to lose market share. Increased competition may also require the Firm to make additional capital investment in its businesses in order to remain competitive, which investments may increase expenses, or which may require the Firm to extend more of its capital on behalf of clients in order to execute larger, more competitive transactions. There can be no assurance that the significant and increasing competition in the financial services industry will not materially adversely affect JPMorgan Chase's future results of operations.

# JPMorgan Chase's acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses may not result in all of the benefits anticipated.

The Firm has in the past and may in the future seek to grow its business by acquiring other businesses. There can be no assurance that the Firm's acquisitions will have the anticipated positive results, including results relating to: the total cost of integration; the time required to complete the integration; the amount of longer-term cost savings; or the overall performance of the combined entity. Integration of an acquired business can be complex and costly, sometimes including combining relevant accounting and data processing systems and management controls, as well as managing relevant relationships with clients, suppliers and other business partners, as well as with employees.

There is no assurance that JPMorgan Chase's most recent acquisitions or that any businesses acquired in the future will be successfully integrated and will result in all of the positive benefits anticipated. If JPMorgan Chase is not able to integrate successfully its past and any future acquisitions, there is the risk the Firm's results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

# JPMorgan Chase relies on its systems, employees and certain counterparties, and certain failures could materially adversely affect the Firm's operations.

The Firm's businesses are dependent on its ability to process a large number of increasingly complex transactions. If any of the Firm's financial, accounting, or other data processing systems fail or have other significant shortcomings, the Firm could be materially adversely affected. The Firm is similarly dependent on its employees. The Firm could be materially adversely affected if a Firm employee causes a significant operational break-down or failure, either as a result of human error or where an individual purposefully sabotages or fraudulently manipulates the Firm's operations or systems. Third parties with which the Firm does business could also be sources of operational risk to the Firm, including relating to break-downs or failures of such parties' own systems or employees. Any of these occurrences could result in a diminished ability of the Firm to operate one or more of its businesses, potential liability to clients, reputational damage and regulatory intervention, which could materially adversely affect the Firm.

The Firm may also be subject to disruptions of its operating systems arising from events that are wholly or partially beyond its control, which may include, for example, computer viruses or electrical or telecommunications outages or natural disasters, such as Hurricane Katrina, or events arising from local or regional politics, including terrorist acts. Such disruptions may give rise to losses in service to customers and loss or liability to the Firm.

In a firm as large and complex as JPMorgan Chase, lapses or deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting are likely to occur from time to time, and there is no assurance that significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in internal controls may not occur in the future.

In addition there is the risk that the Firm's controls and procedures as well as business continuity and data security systems prove to be inadequate. Any such failure could affect the Firm's operations and could materially adversely affect its results of operations by requiring the Firm to expend significant resources to correct the defect, as well as by exposing the Firm to litigation or losses not covered by insurance.

# JPMorgan Chase's non-U.S. trading activities and operations are subject to risk of loss, particularly in emerging markets.

The Firm does business throughout the world, including in developing regions of the world commonly known as emerging markets. In the past many emerging market countries have experienced severe economic and financial disruptions, including devaluations of their currencies and capital and currency exchange controls, as well as low or negative economic growth.

JPMorgan Chase's businesses and revenues derived from non-U.S. operations are subject to risk of loss from various unfavorable political, economic and legal developments, including currency fluctuations, social instability, changes in governmental policies or policies of central banks, expropriation, nationalization, confiscation of assets and changes in legislation relating to non-U.S. ownership.

The Firm also invests in the securities of corporations located in non-U.S. jurisdictions, including emerging markets. Revenues from the trading of non-U.S. securities also may be subject to negative fluctuations as a result of the above considerations. The impact of these fluctuations could be accentuated as non-U.S. trading markets (particularly in emerging markets) are usually smaller, less liquid and more volatile than U.S. trading markets. There can be no assurance the Firm will not suffer losses in the future arising from its non-U.S. trading activities or operations.

# If JPMorgan Chase does not successfully handle issues that may arise in the conduct of its business and operations its reputation could be damaged, which could in turn negatively affect its business.

The Firm's ability to attract and retain customers and transact with its counter-parties could be adversely affected to the extent its reputation is damaged. The failure of the Firm to deal, or to appear to fail to deal, with various issues that could give rise to reputational risk could cause harm to the Firm and its business prospects. These issues include, but are not limited to, appropriately dealing with potential conflicts of interest, legal and regulatory requirements, ethical issues, money-laundering, privacy, record- keeping, sales and trading practices, and the proper identification of the legal, reputational, credit, liquidity and market risks inherent in its products. The failure to address appropriately these issues could make the Firm's clients unwilling to do business with the Firm, which could adversely affect the Firm's results.

# JPMorgan Chase operates within a highly regulated industry and its business and results are significantly affected by the regulations to which it is subject.

JPMorgan Chase operates within a highly regulated environment. The regulations to which the Firm is subject will continue to have a significant impact on the Firm's operations and the degree to which it can grow and be profitable.

Certain regulators to which the Firm is subject have significant power in reviewing the Firm's operations and approving its business practices. Particularly in recent years, the Firm's businesses have experienced increased regulation and regulatory scrutiny, often requiring additional Firm resources. In addition, as the Firm expands its international operations, its activities will become subject to an increasing range of non-U.S. laws and regulations that will likely impose new requirements and limitations on certain of the Firm's operations. There is no assurance that any change to the current regulatory requirements to which JPMorgan Chase is subject, or the way in which such regulatory requirements are interpreted or enforced, will not have a negative affect on the Firm's ability to conduct its business and its results of operations.

# JPMorgan Chase faces significant legal risks, both from regulatory investigations and proceedings and from private actions brought against the Firm.

JPMorgan Chase is named as a defendant in various legal actions, including class actions and other litigation or disputes with third parties, as well as investigations or proceedings brought by regulatory agencies. These or other future actions brought against the Firm may result in judgments, settlements, fines, penalties or other results adverse to the Firm which could materially adversely affect the Firm's business, financial condition or results of operation, or cause it serious reputational harm.

# JPMorgan Chase's ability to attract and retain qualified employees is critical to the success of its business and failure to do so may materially adversely affect its performance.

The Firm's employees are its most important resource and, in many areas of the financial services industry, competition for qualified personnel is intense. If JPMorgan Chase is unable to continue to retain and attract qualified employees, its performance, including its competitive position, could be materially adversely affected.

# Government monetary policies and economic controls may have a significant adverse affect on JPMorgan Chase's businesses and results of operations.

The Firm's businesses and earnings are affected by the fiscal or other policies that are adopted by various regulatory authorities of the United States, non-U.S. governments and international agencies. For example, policies and regulations of the Federal Reserve Board influence, directly and indirectly, the rate of interest paid by commercial banks on their interest-bearing deposits and also may affect the value of financial instruments held by the Firm. The actions of the Federal Reserve Board also determine to a significant degree the Firm's cost of funds for lending and investing. In addition, these policies and conditions can adversely affect the Firm's customers and counterparties, both in the United States and abroad, which may increase the risk that such customers or counterparties default on their obligations to JPMorgan Chase.

# JPMorgan Chase's framework for managing its risks may not be effective in mitigating risk and loss to the Firm.

JPMorgan Chase's risk management framework is made up of various processes and strategies to manage the Firm's risk exposure. Types of risk to which the Firm is subject include liquidity risk, credit risk, market risk, interest rate risk, operational risk, legal and reputation risk, fiduciary risk and private equity risk, among others. There can be no assurance that the Firm's framework to manage risk, including such framework's underlying assumptions, will be effective under all conditions and circumstances. If the Firm's risk management framework proves ineffective, the Firm could suffer unexpected losses and could be materially adversely affected.

# If JPMorgan Chase does not effectively manage its liquidity, its business could be negatively impacted.

The Firm's liquidity is critical to its ability to operate its businesses, grow and be profitable. A compromise to the Firm's liquidity could therefore have a negative effect on the Firm. Potential conditions that could negatively affect the Firm's liquidity include diminished access to capital markets, unforeseen cash or capital requirements and an inability to sell assets.

The Firm's credit ratings are an important part of maintaining its liquidity, as a reduction in the Firm's credit ratings would also negatively affect the Firm's liquidity. A credit ratings downgrade, depending on its severity, could potentially increase borrowing costs, limit access to capital markets, require cash payments or collateral posting, and permit termination of certain contracts material to the Firm.

# Future events may be different than those anticipated by JPMorgan Chase's management assumptions and estimates, which may cause unexpected losses in the future.

Pursuant to U.S. GAAP, the Firm is required to use certain estimates in preparing its financial statements, including accounting estimates to determine loan loss reserves, reserves related to future litigation, and the fair value of certain assets and liabilities, among other items. Should the Firm's determined values for such items prove substantially inaccurate the Firm may experience unexpected losses which could be material.

# Item 1B: Unresolved SEC Staff comments

None.

# Item 2: Properties

The headquarters of JPMorgan Chase is located in New York City at 270 Park Avenue, which is a 50-story bank and office building owned by JPMorgan Chase. This location contains approximately 1.3 million square feet of space. In total, JPMorgan Chase owns or leases approximately 12.3 million square feet of commercial office space and retail space in New York City.

JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries also own or lease significant administrative and operational facilities in Chicago, Illinois (5.1 million square feet), Houston and Dallas, Texas (6.8 million square feet), Columbus, Ohio (2.9 million square feet), Newark and Wilmington, Delaware (2.2 million square feet), Phoenix, Arizona (1.4 million square feet), Tampa, Florida (1.0 million square feet), Jersey City, New Jersey (1.2 million square feet), and Indianapolis, Indiana (900 thousand square feet).

Outside the United States, JPMorgan Chase owns or leases facilities in the United Kingdom (2.7 million square feet) and in other countries (2.6 million square feet).

In addition, JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries occupy offices and other administrative and operational facilities throughout the world under various types of ownership and leasehold agreements, including 2,641 retail branches in the United States. The properties occupied by JPMorgan Chase are used across all of the Firm's business segments and for corporate purposes.

JPMorgan Chase continues to evaluate its current and projected space requirements. There is no assurance that the Firm will be able to dispose of its excess premises or that it will not incur charges in connection with such dispositions. Such disposition costs may be material to the Firm's results of operations in a given period. For a discussion of occupancy expense, see the Consolidated results of operations discussion on pages 29–30.

# Item 3: Legal proceedings

Enron litigation. JPMorgan Chase and certain of its officers and directors are involved in a number of lawsuits arising out of its banking relationships with Enron Corp. and its subsidiaries ("Enron"). Several actions and other proceedings, against the Firm, have been resolved, including adversary proceedings brought by Enron's bankruptcy estate. In addition, as previously reported, the Firm has reached an agreement to settle the lead class action litigation brought on behalf of the purchasers of Enron securities, captioned Newby v. Enron Corp., for $2.2 billion (pretax). The settlement is subject to approval by the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas. The Newby settlement does not resolve Enron-related actions filed separately by plaintiffs who opt out of the class action, or by certain plaintiffs who are asserting claims not covered by that action.

The remaining Enron-related actions include individual actions against the Firm by plaintiffs who were lenders or claim to be successors-in-interest to lenders who participated in Enron credit facilities syndicated by the Firm; individual and putative class actions by Enron investors, creditors and counterparties; and third-party actions brought by defendants in Enron-related cases, alleging federal and state law claims against JPMorgan Chase and many other defendants. Fact discovery in these actions is mostly complete. Plaintiffs in two of the bank lender cases have moved for partial summary judgment, which the Firm will oppose.

In a purported, consolidated class action lawsuit by JPMorgan Chase stockholders alleging that the Firm issued false and misleading press releases and other public documents relating to Enron in violation of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 thereunder, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York dismissed the lawsuit in its entirety without prejudice in March 2005. Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint in May 2005. The Firm has moved to dismiss the amended complaint, and the motion has been submitted to the court for decision.

In a putative class action on behalf of JPMorgan Chase employees who participated in the Firm's 401(k) plan are alleging claims under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act ("ERISA") for alleged breaches of fiduciary duties and negligence by JPMorgan Chase, its directors and named officers. In August 2005, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York denied plaintiffs' motion for class certification and ordered some of plaintiffs' claims dismissed. A petition has been filed by the plaintiffs seeking review of the denial of class certification in the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, which petition remains pending. The Firm has also moved for summary judgment seeking dismissal of this ERISA lawsuit in its entirety.

IPO allocation litigation. Beginning in May 2001, JPMorgan Chase and certain of its securities subsidiaries were named, along with numerous other firms in the securities industry, as defendants in a large number of putative class action lawsuits filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. These suits allege improprieties in the allocation of stock in various public offerings, including some offerings for which a JPMorgan Chase entity served as an underwriter. The suits allege violations of securities and antitrust laws arising from alleged material misstatements and omissions in registration statements and prospectuses for the initial public offerings ("IPOs") and alleged market manipulation with respect to aftermarket transactions in the offered securities. The securities lawsuits allege, among other things, misrepresentation and market manipulation of the aftermarket trading for these offerings by tying allocations of shares in IPOs to undisclosed excessive commissions paid to JPMorgan Chase and to required aftermarket purchase transactions by customers who received allocations of shares in the respective IPOs, as well as allegations of misleading analyst reports. The antitrust lawsuits allege an illegal conspiracy to require customers, in exchange for IPO allocations, to pay undisclosed and excessive commissions and to make aftermarket purchases of the IPO securities at a price higher than the offering price as a precondition to receiving allocations. The securities cases were all assigned to one judge for coordinated pre-trial proceedings, and the antitrust cases were all assigned to another judge. On February 13, 2003, the Court denied the motions of JPMorgan Chase and others to dismiss the securities complaints. On October 13, 2004, the Court granted in part plaintiffs' motion to certify classes in six "focus" cases in the securities litigation. On June 30, 2005, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit granted the underwriter defendants' petition for permission to appeal the district court's class certification decision, and the appeal currently is being briefed. The Second Circuit likely will hear oral argument sometime during the first half of 2006.

In addition, on February 15, 2005, the Court in the securities cases preliminarily approved a proposed settlement of plaintiffs' claims against 298 of the issuer defendants in these cases and a fairness hearing on the proposed settlement is now scheduled for April 24, 2006. Pursuant to the proposed issuer settlement, the insurers for the settling issuer defendants, among other things, (1) agreed to guarantee that the plaintiff classes will recover at least $1 billion from the underwriter defendants in the IPO securities and antitrust

cases and to pay any shortfall, and (2) conditionally assigned to the plaintiffs any claims related to any "excess compensation" allegedly paid to the underwriters by their customers for allocations of stock in the offerings at issue in the IPO litigation. Joseph P. Lasala, the trustee designated by plaintiffs to act as assignee of such issuer excess compensation claims, filed complaints purporting to allege state law claims on behalf of certain issuers against JPMSI and other underwriters (the "LaSala Actions"), together with motions to stay proceedings in each case. To date, JPMSI is a defendant in more than half of the approximately 100 pending LaSala Actions. On August 30, 2005, the Court stayed until resolution of the proposed issuer settlement the LaSala Actions then pending against JPMSI and other underwriter defendants at that time, as well as all future-filed LaSala Actions pursuant to the parties' stipulation that the Court's decision would govern stay motions in all future LaSala Actions. On October 12, 2005, the Court granted the underwriter defendants' motion to dismiss one LaSala Action, which by stipulation applied to the parallel motions to dismiss in all other pending and future-filed LaSala Actions. The Court did, however, grant Plaintiffs leave to replead and noted that the stay of the LaSala Actions remains in effect. Plaintiffs thereafter filed amended complaints in the lead and other LaSala Actions in which Plaintiffs are purportedly seeking equitable restitution on a breach of fiduciary duty claim — a claim that sought damages in the initial LaSala complaints and was dismissed on the ground that it was time-barred. On November 21, 2005, the underwriter defendants moved to dismiss the amended complaint in the lead LaSala Action and — by virtue of the stipulation of the parties — thereby moved to dismiss the amended complaints in all other pending and future-filed LaSala Actions. The motion currently is being briefed.

With respect to the IPO antitrust lawsuits, on November 3, 2003, the Court granted defendants' motion to dismiss the claims relating to the IPO allocation practices in the IPO Allocation Antitrust Litigation. On September 28, 2005, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed, vacated and remanded the district court's November 3, 2003, dismissal decision. Defendants' motion for rehearing en banc in the Second Circuit was denied on January 11, 2006.

A wholly separate antitrust class action lawsuit on behalf of a class of IPO issuers alleging that JPMSI and other underwriters conspired to fix their underwriting fees in IPOs is in discovery.

National Century Financial Enterprises litigation. JPMorgan Chase, JPMorgan Chase Bank, JPMorgan Partners, Beacon Group, LLC and three current or former Firm employees have been named as defendants in more than a dozen actions filed in or transferred to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio (the "MDL Litigation"). In the majority of these actions, Bank One, Bank One, N.A., and Banc One Capital Markets, Inc. are also named as defendants. JPMorgan Chase Bank and Bank One, N.A. are also defendants in an action brought by The Unencumbered Assets Trust ("UAT"), a trust created for the benefit of the creditors of National Century Financial Enterprises, Inc. ("NCFE") as a result of NCFE's Plan of Liquidation in bankruptcy. These actions arose out of the November 2002 bankruptcy of NCFE. Prior to bankruptcy, NCFE provided financing to various healthcare providers through wholly- owned special-purpose vehicles, including NPF VI and NPF XII, which purchased discounted accounts receivable to be paid under third-party insurance programs. NPF VI and NPF XII financed the purchases of such receivables, primarily through private placements of notes ("Notes") to institutional investors and pledged the receivables for, among other things, the repayment of the Notes. In the MDL Litigation, JPMorgan Chase Bank is sued in its role as indenture trustee for NPF VI, which issued

approximately $1 billion in Notes. Bank One, N.A. is sued in its role as indenture trustee for NPF XII, which issued approximately $2 billion in Notes. The three current or former Firm employees are sued in their roles as former members of NCFE's board of directors (the "Defendant Employees"). JPMorgan Chase, JPMorgan Partners and Beacon Group, LLC, are claimed to be vicariously liable for the alleged actions of the Defendant Employees. Banc One Capital Markets, Inc. is sued in its role as co-manager for three note offerings made by NPF XII. Other defendants include the founders and key executives of NCFE, its auditors and outside counsel, and rating agencies and placement agents that were involved with the issuance of the Notes. Plaintiffs in these actions include institutional investors who purchased more than $2.7 billion in original face amount of asset-backed securities issued by NCFE. Plaintiffs allege that the trustees violated fiduciary and contractual duties, improperly permitted NCFE and its affiliates to violate the applicable indentures and violated securities laws by (among other things) failing to disclose the true nature of the NCFE arrangements. Plaintiffs further allege that the Defendant Employees controlled the Board and audit committees of the NCFE entities; were fully aware or negligent in not knowing of NCFE's alleged manipulation of its books; and are liable for failing to disclose their purported knowledge of the alleged fraud to the plaintiffs. Plaintiffs also allege that Banc One Capital Markets, Inc. is liable for cooperating in the sale of securities based upon false and misleading statements. Motions to dismiss on behalf of the JPMorgan Chase entities, the Bank One entities and the Defendant Employees are currently pending. In the UAT action, JPMorgan Chase Bank and Bank One are sued in their roles as indenture trustees. Claims are asserted under the Federal Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act ("RICO"), the Ohio Corrupt Practices Act and various common-law claims. On March 31, 2005, motions to dismiss the UAT action were filed on behalf of JPMorgan Chase Bank. These motions are currently pending. On February 22, 2006, the JPMorgan Chase entities, the Bank One entities and the Defendant Employees reached a settlement with the holders of $1.6 billion face value of Notes (the "Arizona Noteholders"), and reached a separate agreement with the UAT. The settlements are contingent upon the entry of certain orders by the MDL court and bankruptcy courts. Assuming the contingencies are met, the Firm has agreed to pay the Arizona Noteholders the sum of $375 million for all claims and potential claims held by them and has agreed to pay the UAT the sum of $50 million for all claims or potential claims held by it.

In addition, the Securities and Exchange Commission has served subpoenas on JPMorgan Chase Bank and Bank One, N.A. ("Bank One") and has interviewed certain current and former employees. On April 25, 2005, the staff of the Midwest Regional Office of the SEC wrote to advise Bank One that it is considering recommending that the Commission bring a civil injunctive action against Bank One and a former employee alleging violations of the securities laws in connection with Bank One's role as indenture trustee for the NPF XII note program. On July 8, 2005, the staff of the Midwest Regional Office of the Securities and Exchange Commission wrote to advise that it is considering recommending that the Commission bring a civil injunctive action against two individuals, one present and one former employee of the Firm's affiliates, alleging violations of certain securities laws in connection with their role as former members of NCFE's board of directors. On July 13, 2005, the staff further advised that it is considering recommending that the Commission also bring a civil injunctive action against the Firm in connection with the alleged activities of the two individuals as alleged agents of the Firm. Lastly, the United States Department of Justice is also investigating the events surrounding the collapse of NCFE, and the Firm is cooperating with that investigation.

In addition to the various cases, proceedings and investigations discussed above, JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries are named as defendants in a number of other legal actions and governmental proceedings arising in connection with their businesses. Additional actions, investigations or proceedings may be brought from time to time in the future. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of legal matters, particularly where the claimants seek very large or indeterminate damages, or where the cases present novel legal theories, involve a large number of parties or are in early stages of discovery, the Firm cannot state with confidence what the eventual outcome of these pending matters will be, what the timing of the ultimate resolution of these matters will be or what the eventual loss, fines or penalties related to each pending matter may be. JPMorgan Chase believes, based upon its current

knowledge, after consultation with counsel and after taking into account its current litigation reserves, that the outcome of the legal actions, proceedings and investigations currently pending against it should not have a material, adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition of the Firm. However, in light of the uncertainties involved in such proceedings, actions and investigations, there is no assurance that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not significantly exceed the reserves currently accrued by the Firm; as a result, the outcome of a particular matter may be material to JPMorgan Chase's operating results for a particular period, depending upon, among other factors, the size of the loss or liability imposed and the level of JPMorgan Chase's income for that period.

# Item 4: Submission of matters to a vote of security holders

# Executive officers of the registrant

Austin A. Adams 62 Chief Information Officer. Prior to the Merger, he had been Chief Information Officer of Bank One Corporation since March 2001. Before joining Bank One Corporation, he had been Chief Information Officer at First Union Corporation (now known as Wachovia Corp.). Frank Bisignano 46 Chief Administrative Officer since December 2005. Prior to joining JPMorgan Chase, he had been Chief Executive Officer of Citigroup Inc.'s Global Transaction Services from 2002 until December 2005 and Chief Administrative Officer of Citigroup Inc.'s Global Corporate and Investment Bank from 2000 until 2002. Steven D. Black 53 Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Investment Bank since March 2004, prior to which he had been Deputy Head of the Investment Bank since January 2001 and Head of Institutional Equities business since 2000. Prior to joining JPMorgan Chase in 2000, he had been Vice Chairman of Citigroup Inc. subsidiary, Salomon Smith Barney. John F. Bradley 45 Director of Human Resources since December 2005. He had been Head of Human Resources for Europe and Asia regions from April 2003 until December 2005, prior to which he was Human Resources executive for Technology and Operations since 2002 and was responsible for human resources integration efforts in 2001. He had been Co-Head of Global Human Resources at J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated. Michael J. Cavanagh 39 Chief Financial Officer since September 2004, prior to which he had been Head of Middle Market Banking. Prior to the Merger, he had been Chief Administrative Officer of Commercial Banking from February 2003, Chief Operating Officer for Middle Market Banking from August 2003, Treasurer from 2001 until 2003, and Head of Strategy and Planning from May 2000 until 2001 at Bank One Corporation.

Ina R. Drew  49 Chief Investment Officer since February 2005, prior to which she was Head of Global Treasury. Joan Guggenheimer  53 Co-General Counsel since July 2004. Prior to the Merger, she had been Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary at Bank One Corporation since May 2003. She had served in various positions with Citigroup Inc. and its predecessor entities from 1985 until 2003, and immediately prior to joining Bank One Corporation was General Counsel of the Global Corporate and Investment Bank and also served as Co-General Counsel of Citigroup Inc.

Head of Commercial Banking since July 2004, prior to which he had been Chairman and CEO of the Texas Region and Head of Middle Market Banking.

Head of Strategy and Business Development. Prior to the Merger, he had been Head of Strategy and Business Development since September 2002 at Bank One Corporation. Prior to joining Bank One Corporation, he had been Vice Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Private Client Group of Citigroup Inc. subsidiary Salomon Smith Barney from September 2000 until August 2002, prior to which he had been Senior Executive Vice President of Private Client Sales and Marketing at Salomon Smith Barney.

Co-General Counsel since July 2004. Prior to the Merger, he had been General Counsel.

Chief Executive Officer of Treasury & Securities Services. Prior to the Merger, she had been Chief Financial Officer at Bank One Corporation since March 2002. Prior to joining Bank One Corporation, she had been Vice Chairman of Marsh, Inc. from January 2001 until March 2002, prior to which she had held several executive positions at Priceline.com and at Citigroup Inc., including Chief Financial Officer.

Head of Retail Financial Services. Prior to the Merger, he had been Head of Retail Banking from May 2002, prior to which he was Chief Financial Officer from June 2000 at Bank One Corporation. Prior to joining Bank One Corporation, he had been Chief Financial Officer at Citigroup Global Corporate and Investment Bank.

Unless otherwise noted, during the five fiscal years ended December 31, 2005, all of JPMorgan Chase's above-named executive officers have continuously held senior-level positions with JPMorgan Chase or its predecessor institution, Bank One Corporation. There are no family relationships among the foregoing executive officers.

# Part II

# Item 5: Market for registrant's common equity, related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities

The outstanding shares of JPMorgan Chase's common stock are listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange, the London Stock Exchange Limited and the Tokyo Stock Exchange. For the quarterly high and low prices of JPMorgan Chase's common stock on the New York Stock Exchange for the last two years, see the section entitled "Supplementary information — selected quarterly financial data (unaudited)" on page 133. JPMorgan Chase declared quarterly cash dividends on its common stock in the amount of $0.34 per share for each quarter of 2005, 2004 and 2003. The common dividend payout ratio, based upon reported net income, was: 57% for 2005; 88% for 2004; and 43% for 2003. At January 31, 2006, there were 225,105 holders of record of JPMorgan Chase's common stock. For information regarding securities authorized for issuance under the Firm's employee stock-based compensation plans, see Item 12 on page 12.

On July 20, 2004, the Board of Directors approved an initial stock repurchase program in the aggregate amount of $6.0 billion. This amount includes shares to be repurchased to offset issuances under the Firm's employee stock-based plans. The actual amount of shares repurchased is subject to various factors, including market conditions; legal considerations affecting the amount and timing of repurchase activity; the Firm's capital position (taking into account goodwill and intangibles); internal capital generation; and alternative potential investment opportunities. The stock repurchase program has no set expiration date.

The Firm's repurchases of equity securities during 2005 were as follows:

|  |  | Total open | Average | Dollar value of |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| For the year ended\nDecember 31, 2005 | For the year ended\nDecember 31, 2005 | market shares\nrepurchased | price paid\nper share(a) | remaining authorized\nrepurchase program |
| First quarter | First quarter | 35,972,000 | $ 36.57 | $ 3,946 |
| Second quarter | Second quarter | 16,807,465 | 35.32 | 3,352 |
| Third quarter | Third quarter | 14,445,300 | 34.61 | 2,853 |
| October | October | 5,964,000 | 35.77 | 2,640 |
| November | November | 8,428,600 | 37.90 | 2,321 |
| December | December | 11,913,900 | 39.29 | 1,853 |
| Fourth quarter | Fourth quarter | 26,306,500 | 38.05 | 1,853 |
| Total for 2005 | Total for 2005 | 93,531,265 | $ 36.46 | $ 1,853 |
| (a) | Excludes commission costs. |  |  |  |

(a)   Excludes commission costs.

In addition to the repurchases disclosed above, participants in the Firm's stock-based incentive plans may have shares withheld to cover income taxes. Shares withheld to pay income taxes are repurchased pursuant to the terms of the applicable Plan and not under the Firm's share repurchase program. Shares repurchased pursuant to these plans were as follows for 2005:

|  | For the year ended | Total shares | Average price |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Item 5: Market for registrant's common equity, | December 31, 2005 | repurchased | paid per share |
| related stockholder matters and issuer | First quarter | 6,993,164 | $ 37.22 |
|  | Second quarter | 680,851 | 35.10 |
| purchases of equity securities | Third quarter | 386,526 | 34.90 |
|  | October | 67,885 | 33.99 |
|  | November | 31,110 | 37.77 |
| The outstanding shares of JPMorgan Chase's common stock are listed and traded on | December | 19,362 | 39.09 |
| the New York Stock Exchange, the London Stock Exchange Limited and the Tokyo | Fourth quarter | 118,357 | 35.82 |
| stock on the New York Stock Exchange for the last two years, see the section entitled | Total for 2005 | 8,178,898 | $ 36.91 |

# Item 6: Selected financial data

For five-year selected financial data, see "Five-year summary of consolidated financial highlights (unaudited)" on page 22.

# Item 7: Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

Management's discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations, entitled "Management's discussion and analysis," appears on pages 23 through 84. Such information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated financial statements and Notes thereto, which appear on pages 87 through 132.

# Item 7A: Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk

For information related to market risk, see the "Market risk management" section on pages 75 through 78 and Note 26 on page 123.

# Item 8: Financial statements and supplementary data

The Consolidated financial statements, together with the Notes thereto and the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP dated February 24, 2006 thereon, appear on pages 86 through 132.

Supplementary financial data for each full quarter within the two years ended December 31, 2005, are included on page 133 in the table entitled "Supplementary information – selected quarterly financial data (unaudited)." Also included is a "Glossary of terms'' on page 134.

Item 9: Changes in and disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure

# Parts II, III & IV

# Item 9A: Controls and procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Firm's management, including its Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based upon that evaluation, the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective. See Exhibits 31.1, 31.2 and 31.3 for the Certification statements issued by the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.

The Firm is committed to maintaining high standards of internal control over financial reporting. Nevertheless, because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. In addition, in a firm as large and complex as JPMorgan Chase, lapses or deficiencies in internal controls are likely to occur from time to time, and there can be no assurance that any such deficiencies will not result in significant deficiencies – or even material weaknesses – in internal controls in the future. See page 85 for Management's report on internal control over financial reporting, and page 86 for the Report of independent registered public accounting firm with respect to management's assessment of internal control. There was no change in the Firm's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2005 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Firm's internal control over financial reporting.

# Item 9B: Other information

# Part III

# Item 10: Directors and

See Item 13 below.

# Item 11: Executive compensation

# Item 12: Security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters

For security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management, see Item 13 below.

The following table details the total number of shares available for issuance under JPMorgan Chase's employee stock-based incentive plans (including shares available for issuance to nonemployee directors). The Firm is not authorized to grant stock-based incentive awards to nonemployees other than to nonemployee directors.

| December 31, 2005<br>(Shares in thousands) | Number of shares to be<br>issued upon exercise of<br>outstanding options/SARs | Weighted-average<br>exercise price of<br>outstanding options/SARs | Number of shares remaining<br>available for future issuance under<br>stock compensation plans |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Employee stock-based incentive plans approved by shareholders | 292,248 | $ 36.64 | 260,367 |
| Employee stock-based incentive plans not approved by shareholders | 150,452 | 42.37 | — |
| Total | 442,700 | $ 38.59 | 260,367(a) |
| (a) |  |  |  |

(a) Future shares will be issued out of the shareholder-approved 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan ("2005 Plan"). The 2005 Plan replaces three existing stock compensation plans – the 1996 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended, and two nonshareholder approved plans – all of which expired in May 2005.

# Item 13: Certain relationships and related transactions

Information related to JPMorgan Chase's Executive Officers is included on pages 9–10. Pursuant to Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K, the remainder of the information to be provided in Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Form 10-K (other than information pursuant to Rule 402 (i), (k) and (l) of Regulation S-K) is incorporated by reference to JPMorgan Chase's definitive proxy statement for the 2006 annual meeting of stockholders, which proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days of the close of JPMorgan Chase's 2005 fiscal year.

# Item 14: Principal accounting fees and services

See Item 13 above.

# Part IV

# Item 15: Exhibits, financial statement schedules

#  Exhibits, financial statement schedules

# 1. Financial statements

 The Consolidated financial statements, the Notes thereto and the report thereon listed in Item 8 are set forth commencing on page 87.

# 2. Financial statement schedules

 Financial statement schedules are omitted since the required information is either not applicable, not deemed material, or is shown in the respective Consolidated financial statements or in the Notes thereto.

3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

3.2 By-laws of JPMorgan Chase & Co., effective December 31, 2005. 4.1 Deposit Agreement, dated as of February 8, 1996, between J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase Bank), as Depository (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to the Registration Statement on Form 8A (File No. 1-5805) of The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) filed December 20, 2000).

4.2 Indenture, dated as of December 1, 1989, between Chemical Banking Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and The Chase Manhattan Bank (National Association) (succeeded by Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas), as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

4.3(a) Indenture, dated as of April 1, 1987, as amended and restated as of December 15, 1992, between Chemical Banking Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee.

4.3(b) Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 8, 1996, between The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and First Trust of New York, National Association (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of April 1, 1987, as amended and restated as of December 15, 1992.

4.3(c) Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 29, 2000, between The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of April 1, 1987, as amended and restated as of December 15, 1992.

4.4(a) Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of September 1, 1993, between The Chase Manhattan Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and Chemical Bank (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee.

4.4(b) First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 29, 1996, among Chemical Banking Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.), The Chase Manhattan Corporation, (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.), Chemical Bank, as Resigning Trustee, and First Trust of New York, National Association (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Successor Trustee, to the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of September 1, 1993.

4.4(c) Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 8, 1996, between The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and First Trust of New York, National Association (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee, to the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of September 1, 1993.

4.4(d) Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 29, 2000, between The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, to the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of September 1, 1993.

4.5(a) Indenture, dated as of August 15, 1982, between J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee.

4.5(b) First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 5, 1986, between J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of August 15, 1982.

4.5(c) Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 27, 1996, between J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and First Trust of New York, National Association (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of August 15, 1982.

4.5(d) Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 30, 1997, between J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and First Trust of New York, National Association (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of August 15, 1982.

4.5(e) Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 29, 2000, among J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.), The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of August 15, 1982.

4.6(a) Indenture, dated as of March 1, 1993, between J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and Citibank, N.A. (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee.

4.6(b) First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 29, 2000, among J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.), The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of March 1, 1993.

4.7 Indenture, dated as of May 25, 2001, between J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. and Bankers Trust Company (succeeded by Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas), as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(a)(1) to the amended Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-52826) of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. filed June 13, 2001).

4.8(a) Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated as of December 1, 1996, between The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8(a) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

4.8(b) Guarantee Agreement, dated as of January 24, 1997, between The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8(b) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

4.8(c) Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of January 24, 1997, among The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.), The Bank of New York, as Property Trustee, The Bank of New York (Delaware), as Delaware Trustee, and the Administrative Trustees named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8(c) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

4.9(a) Indenture, dated as of March 3, 1997, between Banc One Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and The Chase Manhattan Bank (succeeded by Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas), as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.9(a) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

4.9(b) First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 2, 1998, between Banc One Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and The Chase Manhattan Bank (succeeded by Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas), as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of March 3, 1997 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.9(b) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

4.9(c) Form of Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 1, 2004, among J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., Bank One Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.), JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Resigning Trustee, and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Successor Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of March 3, 1997 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.22 to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-116822) of JPMorgan Chase & Co. filed June 24, 2004).

4.10(a) Indenture, dated as of March 3, 1997, between Banc One Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and The Chase Manhattan Bank (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10(a) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

4.10(b) First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 2, 1998, between Banc One Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and The Chase Manhattan Bank (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of March 3, 1997 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10(b) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

4.10(c) Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 1, 2004, among J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., Bank One Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.), JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Resigning Trustee, and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Successor Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of March 3, 1997 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.25 to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-116822) of JPMorgan Chase & Co. filed June 24, 2004).

4.11(a) Form of Indenture, dated as of July 1, 1995, between Banc One Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and Citibank N.A, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.11(a) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

4.11(b) Form of Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 1, 2004, among J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., Bank One Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and Citibank N.A., as Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of July 1, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.31 to the amended Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-116822) of JPMorgan Chase & Co. filed July 1, 2004).

4.12(a) Form of Indenture, dated as of December 1, 1995, between First Chicago NBC Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and The Chase Manhattan Bank (National Association) (succeeded by U.S. Bank Trust National Association), as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.12(a) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

4.12(b) Form of Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 1, 2004, among J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., Bank One Corporation (succeeded through merger by JPMorgan Chase & Co.), JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Resigning Trustee, and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Successor Trustee, to the Indenture, dated as of December 1, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.29 to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-116822) of JPMorgan Chase & Co. filed June 24, 2004).

10.1 Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors of The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.) and The Chase Manhattan Bank (now known as JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.), as amended and restated effective December, 1996 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

10.2 Post-Retirement Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors of The Chase Manhattan Corporation (now known as JPMorgan Chase & Co.), as amended and restated effective May 21, 1996 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

10.3 Deferred Compensation Program of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Participating Companies, effective as of January 1, 1996 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

10.4 2005 Deferred Compensation Program of JPMorgan Chase & Co., effective December 31, 2005.

10.6   The Chase Manhattan Corporation 1996 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

10.7 Key Executive Performance Plan of JPMorgan Chase & Co., as restated as of January 1, 2005.

10.8 Excess Retirement Plan of The Chase Manhattan Bank and Participating Companies, restated effective January 1, 2005.

10.9 1984 J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

10.10 1992 J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated and Affiliated Companies Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

10.12 1998 J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated and Affiliated Companies Performance Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

10.13 Executive Retirement Plan of The Chase Manhattan Corporation and Certain Subsidiaries.

10.14 Benefit Equalization Plan of The Chase Manhattan Corporation and Certain Subsidiaries.

10.15 Summary of Terms of JPMorgan Chase & Co. Severance Policy.

10.18 Bank One Corporation Director Stock Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(B) to the Form 10-K of Bank One Corporation (File No. 1-15323) for the year ended December 31, 2003).

10.19 Summary of Bank One Corporation Director Deferred Compensation Plan.

10.20 Bank One Corporation Stock Performance Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(A) to the Form 10-K of Bank One Corporation (File No. 1-15323) for the year ended December 31, 2002).

10.21 Bank One Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan.

10.22 Bank One Corporation Supplemental Savings and Investment Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(E) to the Form 10-K of Bank One Corporation (File No. 1-15323) for the year ended December 31, 2003).

10.23 Bank One Corporation Supplemental Personal Pension Account Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(F) to the Form 10-K of Bank One Corporation (File No. 1-15323) for the year ended December 31, 2003).

10.24 Bank One Corporation Key Executive Change of Control Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(G) to the Form 10-K of Bank One Corporation (File No. 1-15323) for the year ended December 31, 2003).

10.25 Bank One Corporation Planning Group Annual Incentive Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(H) to the Form 10-K of Bank One Corporation (File No. 1-15323) for the year ended December 31, 2003).

10.26 Bank One Corporation Investment Option Plan.

10.27 First Chicago Corporation Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

10.28 NBD Bancorp, Inc. Performance Incentive Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

10.29 Bank One Corporation Revised and Restated 1989 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

10.30 Bank One Corporation Revised and Restated 1995 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) for the year ended December 31, 2004).

10.31 Form of JPMorgan Chase & Co. Long-Term Incentive Plan Award Agreement of January 2005 stock appreciation rights.

10.32 JPMorgan Chase & Co. Long-Term Incentive Plan Award Agreement of January 2005 restricted stock units (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (File No. 1-5805) filed April 11, 2005).

10.33 Form of JPMorgan Chase & Co. Long-Term Incentive Plan Award Agreement of October 2005 stock appreciation rights.

10.34 Amendment and Restatement of Letter Agreement between JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Charles W. Scharf, dated December 29, 2005.

12.1 Computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges.

12.2 Computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges and preferred stock dividend requirements.

21.1 List of Subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase & Co.

22.1 Annual Report on Form 11-K of the JPMorgan Chase 401(k) Savings Plan (to be filed by amendment pursuant to Rule 15d-21 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).

23.1 Consent of independent registered public accounting firm.

31.1 Certification.

32 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

JPMorgan Chase hereby agrees to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, copies of instruments defining the rights of holders for the outstanding nonregistered long-term debt of JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries and certain other long-term debt issued by predecessor institutions of JPMorgan Chase and assumed by virtue of the mergers with those respective institutions. These instruments have not been filed as exhibits hereto by reason that the total amount of each issue of such securities does not exceed 10% of the total assets of JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. In addition, JPMorgan Chase hereby agrees to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, the Junior Subordinated Indentures, the Guarantees and the Amended and Restated Trust Agreements for each Delaware business trust subsidiary that has issued Capital Securities, the guarantees for which have been assumed by JPMorgan Chase & Co. by virtue of the mergers of the respective predecessor institutions that originally issued such securities. The provisions of such agreements differ from the documents constituting Exhibits 4.8(a), (b) and (c) to this report only with respect to the pricing terms of each series of capital securities; these pricing terms are disclosed in Note 17 on page 117.

# Table	of	contents

# Financial:

22  Five-year summary of consolidated financial highlights

# Management's discussion and analysis:

23  Introduction

25  Executive overview

27  Consolidated results of operations

31  Explanation and reconciliation of the Firm's use of non-GAAP financial measures

79  Operational risk management

80  Reputation and fiduciary risk management

80  Private equity risk management

81  Critical accounting estimates used by the Firm

83  Accounting and reporting developments

84  Nonexchange-traded commodity derivative contracts at fair value

# Audited financial statements:

85  Management's report on internal control over financial reporting

86  Report of independent registered public accounting firm

87  Consolidated financial statements

91  Notes to consolidated financial statements

# Supplementary information:

133 Selected quarterly financial data

# Merger with Bank One Corporation

Effective July 1, 2004, Bank One Corporation ("Bank One") merged with and into JPMorgan Chase & Co. (the "Merger"). As a result of the Merger, each outstanding share of common stock of Bank One was converted in a stock-for-stock exchange into 1.32 shares of common stock of JPMorgan Chase & Co. ("JPMorgan Chase"). The Merger was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Accordingly, the Firm's results of operations for 2004 include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results only and 2003 results of operations reflect the results of heritage JPMorgan Chase only. For additional information regarding the Merger, see Note 2 on page 92 of this Annual Report.

JPMorgan Chase & Co. / 2005 Annual Report

(unaudited)

(in millions, except per share, headcount and ratio data)

| (in millions, except per share, headcount and ratio data)<br>As of or for the year ended December 31, | 2005 | 2004(e) | 2003 | Heritage JPMorgan Chase only<br>2002 | 2001 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Selected income statement data |  |  |  |  |  |
| Noninterest revenue | $34,702 | $26,336 | $20,419 | $17,436 | $17,943 |
| Net interest income | 19,831 | 16,761 | 12,965 | 12,178 | 11,401 |
| Total net revenue | 54,533 | 43,097 | 33,384 | 29,614 | 29,344 |
| Provision for credit losses | 3,483 | 2,544 | 1,540 | 4,331 | 3,182 |
| Noninterest expense before Merger costs and Litigation reserve charge | 35,549 | 29,294 | 21,716 | 20,254 | 21,073 |
| Merger and restructuring costs | 722 | 1,365 | — | 1,210 | 2,523 |
| Litigation reserve charge | 2,564 | 3,700 | 100 | 1,300 | — |
| Total noninterest expense | 38,835 | 34,359 | 21,816 | 22,764 | 23,596 |
| Income before income tax expense and effect of accounting change | 12,215 | 6,194 | 10,028 | 2,519 | 2,566 |
| Income tax expense | 3,732 | 1,728 | 3,309 | 856 | 847 |
| Income before effect of accounting change | 8,483 | 4,466 | 6,719 | 1,663 | 1,719 |
| Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle (net of tax) | — | — | — | — | (25) |
| Net income | $8,483 | $4,466 | $6,719 | $1,663 | $1,694 |
| Per common share |  |  |  |  |  |
| Net income per share: Basic | $2.43 | $1.59 | $3.32 | $0.81 | $0.83(f) |
| Diluted | 2.38 | 1.55 | 3.24 | 0.80 | 0.80(f) |
| Cash dividends declared per share | 1.36 | 1.36 | 1.36 | 1.36 | 1.36 |
| Book value per share | 30.71 | 29.61 | 22.10 | 20.66 | 20.32 |
| Common shares outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |
| Average: Basic | 3,492 | 2,780 | 2,009 | 1,984 | 1,972 |
| Diluted | 3,557 | 2,851 | 2,055 | 2,009 | 2,024 |
| Common shares at period-end | 3,487 | 3,556 | 2,043 | 1,999 | 1,973 |
| Selected ratios |  |  |  |  |  |
| Return on common equity ("ROE") | 8% | 6% | 16% | 4% | 4% |
| Return on assets ("ROA")(a) | 0.72 | 0.46 | 0.87 | 0.23 | 0.23 |
| Tier 1 capital ratio | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.2 | 8.3 |
| Total capital ratio | 12.0 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 12.0 | 11.9 |
| Tier 1 leverage ratio | 6.3 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.2 |
| Selected balance sheet data (period-end) |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total assets | $1,198,942 | $ 1,157,248 | $770,912 | $758,800 | $693,575 |
| Securities | 47,600 | 94,512 | 60,244 | 84,463 | 59,760 |
| Loans | 419,148 | 402,114 | 214,766 | 216,364 | 217,444 |
| Deposits | 554,991 | 521,456 | 326,492 | 304,753 | 293,650 |
| Long-term debt | 108,357 | 95,422 | 48,014 | 39,751 | 39,183 |
| Common stockholders' equity | 107,072 | 105,314 | 45,145 | 41,297 | 40,090 |
| Total stockholders' equity | 107,211 | 105,653 | 46,154 | 42,306 | 41,099 |
| Credit quality metrics |  |  |  |  |  |
| Allowance for credit losses | $7,490 | $7,812 | $4,847 | $5,713 | $4,806 |
| Nonperforming assets(b) | 2,590 | 3,231 | 3,161 | 4,821 | 4,037 |
| Allowance for loan losses to total loans (c) | 1.84% | 1.94% | 2.33% | 2.80% | 2.25% |
| Net charge-offs | $3,819 | $3,099 | $2,272 | $3,676 | $2,335 |
| Net charge-off rate(c) | 1.00% | 1.08% | 1.19% | 1.90% | 1.13% |
| Headcount\nShare price (d) | 168,847 | 160,968 | 96,367 | 97,124 | 95,812(g) |
| High | $40.56 | $43.84 | $38.26 | $39.68 | $59.19 |
| Low | 32.92 | 34.62 | 20.13 | 15.26 | 29.04 |
| Close | 39.69 | 39.01 | 36.73 | 24.00 | 36.35 |

(a) Represents Net income divided by Total average assets.

(b) Excludes wholesale purchased held-for-sale ("HFS") loans purchased as part of the Investment Bank's proprietary activities.

(c) Excluded from the allowance coverage ratios were end-of-period loans held-for-sale; and excluded from the net charge-off rates were average loans held-for-sale.

(d) JPMorgan Chase's common stock is listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange, the London Stock Exchange Limited and the Tokyo Stock Exchange. The high, low and closing prices of JPMorgan Chase's common stock are from The New York Stock Exchange Composite Transaction Tape.

(e) 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

(f) Basic and diluted earnings per share were each reduced by $0.01 in 2001 because of the impact of the adoption of SFAS 133 relating to the accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities.

(g) Represents full-time equivalent employees, as headcount data is unavailable.

This section of the Annual Report provides management's discussion and analysis ("MD&A") of the financial condition and results of operations for JPMorgan Chase. See the Glossary of terms on pages 134–135 for definitions of terms used throughout this Annual Report. The MD&A included in this Annual Report contains statements that are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of JPMorgan Chase's management and are subject to

significant risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties could cause JPMorgan Chase's results to differ materially from those set forth in such forward-looking statements. Certain of such risks and uncertainties are described herein (see Forward-looking statements on page 135 of this Annual Report) and in the JPMorgan Chase Annual Report on Form 10–K ("Form 10–K") for the year ended December 31, 2005, in Part I, Item 1A: Risk factors, to which reference is hereby made.

JPMorgan Chase & Co. ("JPMorgan Chase" or the "Firm"), a financial holding company incorporated under Delaware law in 1968, is a leading global financial services firm and one of the largest banking institutions in the United States, with $1.2 trillion in assets, $107 billion in stockholders' equity and operations worldwide. The Firm is a leader in investment banking, financial services for consumers and businesses, financial transaction processing, asset and wealth management and private equity. Under the JPMorgan, Chase and Bank One brands, the Firm serves millions of customers in the United States and many of the world's most prominent corporate, institutional and government clients.

JPMorgan Chase's principal bank subsidiaries are JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association ("JPMorgan Chase Bank"), a national banking association with branches in 17 states; and Chase Bank USA, National Association, a national bank that is the Firm's credit card issuing bank. JPMorgan Chase's principal nonbank subsidiary is J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. ("JPMSI"), the Firm's U.S. investment banking firm.

JPMorgan Chase's activities are organized, for management reporting purposes, into six business segments, as well as Corporate. The Firm's wholesale businesses comprise the Investment Bank, Commercial Banking, Treasury & Securities Services, and Asset & Wealth Management. The Firm's consumer businesses comprise Retail Financial Services and Card Services. A description of the Firm's business segments, and the products and services they provide to their respective client bases, follows.

# Investment Bank

JPMorgan Chase is one of the world's leading investment banks, as evidenced by the breadth of the Investment Bank client relationships and product capabilities. The Investment Bank ("IB") has extensive relationships with corporations, financial institutions, governments and institutional investors worldwide. The Firm provides a full range of investment banking products and services in all major capital markets, including advising on corporate strategy and structure, capital raising in equity and debt markets, sophisticated risk management, and market-making in cash securities and derivative instruments. The Investment Bank also commits the Firm's own capital to proprietary investing and trading activities.

# Retail Financial Services

Retail Financial Services ("RFS") includes Home Finance, Consumer & Small Business Banking, Auto & Education Finance and Insurance. Through this group of businesses, the Firm provides consumers and small businesses with a broad range of financial products and services including deposits, investments, loans and insurance. Home Finance is a leading provider of consumer real estate loan products and is one of the largest originators and servicers of home mortgages. Consumer & Small Business Banking offers one of the largest branch networks in the United States, covering 17 states with 2,641 branches and 7,312 automated teller machines ("ATMs"). Auto & Education Finance is

the largest noncaptive originator of automobile loans as well as a top provider of loans for college students. Through its Insurance operations, the Firm sells and underwrites an extensive range of financial protection products and investment alternatives, including life insurance, annuities and debt protection products.

# Card Services

Card Services ("CS") is one of the largest issuers of credit cards in the United States, with more than 110 million cards in circulation, and is the largest merchant acquirer. CS offers a wide variety of products to satisfy the needs of its cardmembers, including cards issued on behalf of many well-known partners, such as major airlines, hotels, universities, retailers and other financial institutions.

# Commercial Banking

Commercial Banking ("CB") serves more than 25,000 clients, including corporations, municipalities, financial institutions and not-for-profit entities with annual revenues generally ranging from $10 million to $2 billion. While most Middle Market clients are within the Retail Financial Services footprint, CB also covers larger corporations, as well as local governments and financial institutions on a national basis. CB is a market leader with superior client penetration across the businesses it serves. Local market presence, coupled with industry expertise and excellent client service and risk management, enable CB to offer superior financial advice. Partnership with other JPMorgan Chase businesses positions CB to deliver broad product capabilities – including lending, treasury services, investment banking, and asset and wealth management – and meet its clients' financial needs.

# Treasury & Securities Services

Treasury & Securities Services ("TSS") is a global leader in providing transaction, investment and information services to support the needs of corporations, issuers and institutional investors worldwide. TSS is one of the largest cash management providers in the world and a leading global custodian. The Treasury Services ("TS") business provides a variety of cash management products, trade finance and logistics solutions, wholesale card products, and short-term liquidity management tools. The Investor Services ("IS") business provides custody, fund services, securities lending, and performance measurement and execution products. The Institutional Trust Services ("ITS") business provides trustee, depository and administrative services for debt and equity issuers. TS partners with the Commercial Banking, Consumer & Small Business Banking and Asset & Wealth Management businesses to serve clients firmwide. As a result, certain TS revenues are included in other segments' results. TSS combined the management of the IS and ITS businesses under the name Worldwide Securities Services ("WSS") to create an integrated franchise which provides custody and investor services as well as securities clearance and trust services to clients globally. Beginning January 1, 2006, TSS will report results for two divisions: TS and WSS.

# Asset & Wealth Management

Asset & Wealth Management ("AWM") provides investment advice and management for institutions and individuals. With Assets under supervision of $1.1 trillion, AWM is one of the largest asset and wealth managers in the world. AWM serves four distinct client groups through three businesses: institutions through JPMorgan Asset Management; ultra-high-net-worth clients through the Private Bank; high-net-worth clients through Private Client Services; and retail clients through JPMorgan Asset Management. The majority of AWM's client assets are in actively managed portfolios. AWM has global investment expertise in equities, fixed income, real estate, hedge funds, private equity and liquidity, including both money market instruments and bank deposits. AWM also provides trust and estate services to ultra-high-net-worth and high-net-worth clients, and retirement services for corporations and individuals.

# 2005 Business events

# Collegiate Funding Services

On March 1, 2006, JPMorgan Chase acquired, for approximately $663 million, Collegiate Funding Services, a leader in student loan servicing and consolidation. This acquisition will enable the Firm to create a comprehensive education finance business.

# BrownCo

On November 30, 2005, JPMorgan Chase sold BrownCo, an on-line deep-discount brokerage business, to E*TRADE Financial for a cash purchase price of $1.6 billion. JPMorgan Chase recognized an after-tax gain of $752 million.

# Sears Canada credit card business

On November 15, 2005, JPMorgan Chase purchased Sears Canada Inc.'s credit card operation, including both the private-label card accounts and the co-branded Sears MasterCard® accounts. The credit card operation includes approximately 10 million accounts with $2.2 billion (CAD$2.5 billion) in managed loans. Sears Canada and JPMorgan Chase entered into an ongoing arrangement under which JPMorgan Chase will offer private-label and co-branded credit cards to both new and existing customers of Sears Canada.

# Chase Merchant Services, Paymentech integration

On October 5, 2005, JPMorgan Chase and First Data Corp. completed the integration of the companies' jointly owned Chase Merchant Services and Paymentech merchant businesses, to be operated under the name of Chase Paymentech Solutions, LLC. The joint venture is the largest financial transaction processor in the U.S. for businesses accepting credit card payments via traditional point of sale, Internet, catalog and recurring billing. As a result of the integration into a joint venture, Paymentech has been deconsolidated and JPMorgan Chase's ownership interest in this joint venture is accounted for in accordance with the equity method of accounting.

# Neovest Holdings, Inc.

On September 1, 2005, JPMorgan Chase completed its acquisition of Neovest Holdings, Inc., a provider of high-performance trading technology and direct market access. This transaction will enable the Investment Bank to offer a leading, broker- neutral trading platform across asset classes to institutional investors, asset managers and hedge funds.

# Enron litigation settlement

On June 14, 2005, JPMorgan Chase announced that it had reached an agreement in principle to settle, for $2.2 billion, the Enron class action litigation captioned Newby v. Enron Corp. The Firm also recorded a nonoperating charge of $1.9 billion (pre-tax) to cover the settlement and to increase its reserves for certain other remaining material legal matters.

# Vastera

On April 1, 2005, JPMorgan Chase acquired Vastera, a provider of global trade management solutions, for approximately $129 million. Vastera's business was combined with the Logistics and Trade Services businesses of TSS' Treasury Services unit. Vastera automates trade management processes associated with the physical movement of goods internationally; the acquisition enables TS to offer management of information and processes in support of physical goods movement, together with financial settlement.

# WorldCom litigation settlement

On March 17, 2005, JPMorgan Chase settled, for $2.0 billion, the WorldCom, Inc. class action litigation. In connection with the settlement, JPMorgan Chase increased the Firm's Litigation reserve by $900 million.

# JPMorgan Partners

On March 1, 2005, the Firm announced that the management team of JPMorgan Partners, LLC, a private equity unit of the Firm, will become independent when it completes the investment of the current $6.5 billion Global Fund, which it advises. The buyout and growth equity professionals of JPMorgan Partners will form a new independent firm, CCMP Capital, LLC, and the venture professionals will separately form a new independent firm, Panorama Capital, LLC. JPMorgan Chase has committed to invest the lesser of $875 million or 24.9% of the limited partnership interests in the fund to be raised by CCMP Capital, and has committed to invest the lesser of $50 million or 24.9% of the limited partnership interests in the fund to be raised by Panorama Capital. The investment professionals of CCMP and Panorama will continue to manage the JPMP investments pursuant to a management agreement with the Firm.

# Cazenove

On February 28, 2005, JPMorgan Chase and Cazenove Group plc ("Cazenove") formed a business partnership which combined Cazenove's investment banking business and JPMorgan Chase's U.K.-based investment banking business in order to provide investment banking services in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The new company is called JPMorgan Cazenove Holdings.

# Subsequent events

# Sale of insurance underwriting business

On February 7, 2006, JPMorgan Chase announced that the Firm has agreed to sell its life insurance and annuity underwriting businesses to Protective Life Corporation for a cash purchase price of approximately $1.2 billion. The sale, which includes both the heritage Chase insurance business and the life business that Bank One had bought from Zurich Insurance in 2003, is subject to normal regulatory approvals and is expected to close in the third quarter of 2006. JPMorgan Chase anticipates the transaction will have no material impact on earnings.

This overview of management's discussion and analysis highlights selected information and may not contain all of the information that is important to readers of this Annual Report. For a more complete understanding of events, trends and uncertainties, as well as the liquidity, capital, credit and market risks, and the critical accounting estimates, affecting the Firm and the lines of business, this Annual Report should be read in its entirety.

# Financial performance of JPMorgan Chase

| (in millions, except per share and ratio data) | 2005 | 2004(a) | Change |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Total net revenue | $54,533 | $43,097 | 27% |
| Provision for credit losses | 3,483 | 2,544 | 37 |
| Total noninterest expense | 38,835 | 34,359 | 13 |
| Net income | 8,483 | 4,466 | 90 |
| Net income per share – diluted | 2.38 | 1.55 | 54 |
| Average common equity | 105,507 | 75,641 | 39 |
| Return on common equity ("ROE") | 8% | 6% |  |
| Loans | $419,148 | $402,114 | 4% |
| Total assets | 1,198,942 | 1,157,248 | 4 |
| Deposits | 554,991 | 521,456 | 6 |
| Tier 1 capital ratio | 8.5% | 8.7% |  |
| Total capital ratio | 12.0 | 12.2 |  |

(a) Includes six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

# Business overview

2005 represented the Firm's first full year as a merged company; 2004 included six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results. Therefore, comparisons between the two years are significantly affected by the Merger. In addition, other key factors affecting 2005 results included litigation charges to settle the Enron and Worldcom class actions, a special provision for credit losses related to Hurricane Katrina, the impact of the new bankruptcy legislation on credit card charge-offs and the sale of BrownCo, as well as the global economic and market environments.

In 2005, the Firm successfully completed a number of milestones in the execution of its Merger integration plan. Key accomplishments included: launching a national advertising campaign that introduced a modernized Chase brand; the conversion of 1,400 Bank One branches, 3,400 ATMs and millions of Bank One credit cards to the Chase brand; completing the operating platform conversion in Card Services; and executing a major systems conversion in Texas that united 400 Chase and Bank One branches and over 800 ATMs under common systems and branding. These accomplishments resulted in continued efficiencies from the Merger, and the Firm made significant progress toward reaching the merger-related savings target of approximately $3.0 billion by the end of 2007. The Firm realized approximately $1.5 billion of merger savings in 2005, bringing estimated cumulative savings to $1.9 billion, and the annualized run-rate of savings entering 2006 is approximately $2.2 billion. In order to achieve these savings, the Firm expensed merger-related costs of $722 million during the year, bringing the total cumulative amount expensed since the Merger announcement to $2.1 billion. Management continues to estimate remaining Merger costs of approximately $0.9 billion to $1.4 billion, which are expected to be expensed over the next two years.

The Board of Directors announced in the fourth quarter that James Dimon, President and Chief Operating Officer, would succeed Chairman and Chief Executive Officer William B. Harrison, Jr. as Chief Executive Officer on December 31, 2005. Mr. Harrison remains Chairman of the Board.

Results included $2.0 billion in after-tax charges, or $0.57 per share, which included nonoperating litigation charges of $1.6 billion and Merger costs of $448 million. Excluding these charges, operating earnings were $10.5 billion, or $2.95 per share, and return on common equity was 10%. Operating earnings represent business results without merger-related costs, nonoperating litigation-related charges and recoveries, and costs related to conformance of accounting policies.

In 2005, both the U.S. and global economies continued to expand. Gross domestic product increased by an estimated 3.0% globally with the U.S. economy growing at a slightly faster pace. The U.S. economy experienced continued rising short-term interest rates, which were driven by Federal Reserve Board actions during the course of the year. The federal funds rate increased from 2.25% to 4.25% during the year, and the yield curve flattened as long term interest rates remained broadly steady. Equity markets, both domestic and international, reflected positive performance, with the S&P 500 up 3% and international indices increasing over 20%. Capital markets activity was very strong during 2005, with debt and equity underwriting and merger and acquisition activity surpassing 2004 levels. The U.S. consumer sector showed continued strength buoyed by overall economic strength, which benefited from good levels of employment and retail sales that increased versus the prior year. This strength came despite slowing mortgage origination and refinance activity as well as significantly higher bankruptcy filings due to the new bankruptcy legislation which became effective in October 2005.

The 2005 economic environment was a contributing factor to the performance of the Firm and each of its businesses. The overall economic expansion and strong level of capital markets activity helped to drive new business volume and sales growth within each business. The interest rate environment negatively affected both wholesale and consumer loan spreads, though wholesale liability spreads widened over the course of the year, benefiting Treasury & Securities Services and Commercial Banking. Additionally, the credit quality of the loan portfolio continued to remain strong, reflecting the beneficial economic environment, despite the impacts of accelerated bankruptcy filings and Hurricane Katrina.

The discussion that follows highlights, on an operating basis and excluding the impact of the Merger, the performance of each of the Firm's lines of business.

Investment Bank operating earnings benefited from higher revenue and a continued benefit from the Provision for credit losses, which were offset by increased compensation expense. Revenue growth was driven by higher, although volatile, fixed income trading results, stronger equity commissions and improved investment banking fees, all of which benefited from strength in global capital markets activity. Investment banking fees had particular strength in advisory, reflecting in part the benefit of the business partnership with Cazenove, which was formed in February of 2005. As in 2004, the

Provision for credit losses in 2005 was a benefit to earnings, mainly due to continued improvement in the credit quality of the loan portfolio. The increase in expense was primarily the result of higher performance-based incentive compensation due to increased revenues.

Retail Financial Services operating earnings benefited from the overall strength of the U.S. economy, which led to increased deposit, home equity and mortgage balances. In addition to the benefit from higher balances, revenues increased due to improved mortgage servicing rights ("MSRs") risk management results. Expenses declined, reflecting ongoing efficiency improvements across all businesses even as investments continued in retail banking distribution and sales, with the net addition during the year of 133 branch offices, 662 ATMs and over 1,300 personal bankers. These benefits were offset partially by narrower spreads on loans due to the interest rate environment and net losses associated with loan portfolio sale activity. The provision for credit losses benefited from improved credit trends in most consumer lending portfolios and from loan portfolio sales, but was affected negatively by a special provision related to Hurricane Katrina.

Card Services operating earnings benefited from lower expenses driven by merger savings and greater efficiencies from the operating platform conversion, which resulted in lower processing and compensation costs. Revenue benefited from higher loan balances and customer charge volume resulting from marketing initiatives and increased consumer spending. Partially offsetting this growth were narrower spreads on loan balances due to an increase in accounts in their introductory rate period and higher interest rates. The managed provision for credit losses increased due to record levels of bankruptcy-related charge-offs related to the new bankruptcy legislation that became effective in October 2005 and a special provision related to Hurricane Katrina. Despite these events, underlying credit quality remained strong, with a managed net charge-off ratio of 5.21%, down from 5.27% in 2004.

Commercial Banking operating earnings benefited from wider spreads and higher volumes related to liability balances and increased loan balances. Partially offsetting these benefits were narrower loan spreads related to competitive pressures in some markets and lower deposit-related fees due to higher interest rates. The provision for credit losses increased due to a special provision related to Hurricane Katrina, increased loan balances and refinements in the data used to estimate the allowance for credit losses. However, the underlying credit quality in the portfolio was strong throughout the year, as evidenced by lower net charge-offs and nonperforming loans compared with 2004.

Treasury & Securities Services operating earnings grew significantly in 2005. Revenue growth resulted from business growth and widening spreads on, and growth in, liability balances, all of which benefited from global economic strength and capital market activity. Partially offsetting this growth were lower deposit-related fees due to higher interest rates. Expenses decreased due to lower software impairment charges, partially offset by higher compensation expense resulting from new business growth, the Vastera acquisition completed in April, and by charges taken in the second quarter to terminate a client contract.

Asset & Wealth Management operating earnings benefited from net asset inflows and asset appreciation, both the result of favorable capital markets and improved investment performance, which resulted in an increased level of Assets under management. Results also benefited from the acquisition of a majority interest in Highbridge Capital Management in the fourth quarter of

2004 and growth in deposit and loan balances. Expenses increased due primarily to the acquisition of Highbridge and higher performance-based incentive compensation related to increased revenue.

Corporate segment operating earnings were affected negatively by repositioning of the Treasury Investment portfolio. This decline was offset partially by the gain on the sale of BrownCo of $1.3 billion (pre-tax) and improved Private Equity results.

The Firm had, at year-end, total stockholders' equity of $107 billion, and a Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%. The Firm purchased $3.4 billion, or 93.5 million shares of common stock during the year.

# 2006 Business outlook

The following forward-looking statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of JPMorgan Chase's management and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties could cause JPMorgan Chase's results to differ materially from those set forth in such forward-looking statements.

JPMorgan Chase's outlook for 2006 should be viewed against the backdrop of the global economy, financial markets and the geopolitical environment, all of which are integrally linked. While the Firm considers outcomes for, and has contingency plans to respond to, stress environments, the basic outlook for 2006 is predicated on the interest rate movements implied in the forward rate curve for U.S. treasuries, the continuation of favorable U.S. and international equity markets and continued expansion of the global economy.

The performance of the Firm's capital markets and wholesale businesses are affected by overall global economic growth and by financial market movements and activity levels. The Investment Bank enters 2006 with a strong investment banking fee pipeline and continues to focus on new product expansion initiatives, such as commodities and securitized products, which are intended to benefit growth and reduce volatility in trading results over time. Compared with 2005, the Investment Bank anticipates lower credit portfolio revenues due to reduced gains from loan workouts. Asset & Wealth Management anticipates continued growth driven by continued net inflows to Assets under supervision. Treasury & Securities Services and Commercial Banking expect growth due to increased business activity and product sales.

Retail Financial Services anticipates benefiting from the expanded branch network and salesforce, and improved sales productivity and cross-selling in the branches, partially offset by pressure on loan and deposit spreads due to the higher interest rate environment. The acquisition of Collegiate Funding Services is expected to contribute modestly to earnings in 2006.

Card Services anticipates that managed receivables will grow in line with the overall credit card industry, benefiting from marketing initiatives, new partnerships and the acquisition of the Sears Canada credit card business. Revenues and expenses also will reflect the full-year impact of the Paymentech deconsolidation and the acquisition of the Sears Canada credit card business.

The Corporate segment includes Private Equity, Treasury and other corporate support units. The revenue outlook for the Private Equity business is directly related to the strength of the equity markets and the performance of the underlying portfolio investments. If current market conditions persist, the Firm anticipates continued realization of private equity gains in 2006, but results can be volatile from quarter to quarter. It is anticipated that Treasury net interest

income will gradually improve and that the net loss in Other Corporate will be reduced as merger savings and other expense reduction initiatives, such as less excess real estate, are realized.

The Provision for credit losses in 2006 is anticipated to be higher than in 2005, primarily driven by a trend toward a more normal level of provisioning for credit losses in the wholesale businesses. The consumer Provision for credit losses in 2006 should reflect generally stable underlying asset quality. However, it is anticipated that the first half of 2006 will experience lower credit card net charge-offs, as the record level of bankruptcy filings in the fourth quarter of 2005 are believed to have included bankruptcy filings that would otherwise have occurred in 2006. The second half of 2006 is expected

to include increased credit card delinquencies and net charge-offs as a result of implementation of new FFIEC minimum payment rules.

Firmwide expenses are anticipated to benefit as the run rate of merger savings is expected to reach approximately $2.8 billion by the end of 2006 driven by activities such as the tri-state retail conversion and data center upgrades. Offsetting the merger savings will be continued investment in distribution enhancements and new product offerings; extensive merger integration activities and upgrading of technology; and expenses related to recent acquisitions, such as the Sears Canada credit card business and Collegiate Funding Services.

The following section provides a comparative discussion of JPMorgan Chase's consolidated results of operations on a reported basis for the three-year period ended December 31, 2005. Factors that are related primarily to a single business segment are discussed in more detail within that business segment than they are in this consolidated section. For a discussion of the Critical accounting estimates used by the Firm that affect the Consolidated results of operations, see pages 81–83 of this Annual Report.

# Revenue

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Investment banking fees | $4,088 | $3,537 | $2,890 |
| Trading revenue | 5,860 | 3,612 | 4,427 |
| Lending &amp; deposit related fees | 3,389 | 2,672 | 1,727 |
| Asset management, administration and commissions | 10,390 | 8,165 | 6,039 |
| Securities/private equity gains | 473 | 1,874 | 1,479 |
| Mortgage fees and related income | 1,054 | 806 | 790 |
| Credit card income | 6,754 | 4,840 | 2,466 |
| Other income | 2,694 | 830 | 601 |
| Noninterest revenue | 34,702 | 26,336 | 20,419 |
| Net interest income | 19,831 | 16,761 | 12,965 |
| Total net revenue | $54,533 | $43,097 | $33,384 |
| (a)\n  2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |  |  |  |

(a)   2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results. 2003 reflects the results of heritage JPMorgan Chase only.

Total net revenue for 2005 was $54.5 billion, up 27% from 2004, primarily due to the Merger, which affected every revenue category. The increase from the prior year also was affected by a $1.3 billion gain on the sale of BrownCo; higher Trading revenue; and higher Asset management, administration and commissions, which benefited from several new investments and growth in

Assets under management and assets under custody. These increases were offset partly by available-for-sale ("AFS") securities losses as a result of repositioning of the Firm's Treasury investment portfolio. The discussions that follow highlight factors other than the Merger that affected the 2005 versus 2004 comparison.

The increase in Investment banking fees reflected continued strength in advisory, equity and debt underwriting, with particular growth in Europe, which benefited from the business partnership with Cazenove. Trading revenue increased from 2004, reflecting strength in fixed income, equities and commodities. For a further discussion of Investment banking fees and Trading revenue, which are primarily recorded in the IB, see the IB segment results on pages 36–38 of this Annual Report.

The higher Lending & deposit-related fees were driven by the Merger; absent the effects of the Merger, the deposit-related fees would have been lower due to rising interest rates. In a higher interest-rate environment, the value of deposit balances to a customer is greater, resulting in a reduction of deposit-related fees. For a further discussion of liability balances (including deposits) see the CB and TSS segment discussions on pages 47–48 and 49–50, respectively, of this Annual Report.

The increase in Asset management, administration and commissions revenue was driven by incremental fees from several new investments, including a majority interest in Highbridge Capital Management, LLC, the business partnership with Cazenove and the acquisition of Vastera. Also contributing to the higher level of revenue was an increase in Assets under management, reflecting net asset inflows, mainly in equity-related products, and global equity market appreciation. In addition, Assets under custody were up due to market value appreciation and new business. Commissions rose as a result of a higher volume of brokerage transactions. For additional information on these fees and commissions, see the segment discussions for IB on pages 36–38, AWM on pages 51– 52 and TSS on pages 49–50 of this Annual Report.

The decline in Securities/private equity gains reflected $1.3 billion of securities losses, as compared with $338 million of gains in 2004. The losses resulted primarily from repositioning the Firm's Treasury investment portfolio in response to rising interest rates. The securities losses were offset partly by higher private equity gains due to a continuation of favorable capital markets conditions. For a further discussion of Securities/private equity gains, which are recorded primarily in the Firm's Treasury and Private Equity businesses, see the Corporate segment discussion on pages 53–54 of this Annual Report.

Mortgage fees and related income increased due to improvements in risk management results related to MSR assets. Mortgage fees and related income exclude the impact of NII and AFS securities gains related to home mortgage activities. For a discussion of Mortgage fees and related income, which is recorded primarily in RFS's Home Finance business, see the segment discussion for RFS on pages 39–44 of this Annual Report.

Credit card income rose as a result of higher interchange income associated with the increase in charge volume. This increase was offset partially by higher volume-driven payments to partners; rewards expense; and the impact of the deconsolidation of Paymentech, which was deconsolidated upon completion of the integration of Chase Merchant Services and the Paymentech merchant processing businesses in 2005. For a further discussion of Credit card income, see CS segment results on pages 45–46 of this Annual Report.

The increase in Other income primarily reflected a $1.3 billion pre-tax gain on the sale of BrownCo to E*TRADE Financial; higher gains from loan workouts and loan sales; and higher revenues as a result of a shift from financing leases to operating leases in the auto business. These gains were offset partly by write-downs on auto loans that were transferred to held-for-sale and a one-time gain in 2004 on the sale of an investment.

Net interest income rose as a result of higher average volume of, and wider spreads on, liability balances. Also contributing to the increase was higher average volume of wholesale and consumer loans, in particular, home equity and credit card loans. These increases were offset partially by narrower spreads on consumer and wholesale loans and on trading assets, as well as reduced Treasury investment portfolio levels. The Firm's total average interest-earning assets in 2005 were $916 billion, up 23% from the prior year. The net interest yield on these assets, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, was 2.19%, a decrease of six basis points from the prior year.

Total net revenues, at $43.1 billion, rose by $9.7 billion, or 29%, primarily due to the Merger, which affected every category of Total net revenue. The discussion that follows highlights factors other than the Merger that affected the 2004 versus 2003 comparison.

The increase in Investment banking fees was driven by significant gains in underwriting and advisory activities as a result of increased global market volumes and market share gains. Trading revenue declined by 18%, primarily due to lower portfolio management results in fixed income and equities.

Lending & deposit related fees were up from 2003 due to the Merger. The rise was offset partially by lower deposit-related fees, as clients paid for services with deposits versus fees due to rising interest rates. Throughout 2004, deposit balances grew in response to rising interest rates.

The increase in Asset management, administration and commissions was driven also by the full-year impact of other acquisitions – such as EFS in January 2004, Bank One's Corporate Trust business in November 2003 and JPMorgan Retirement Plan Services in June 2003 – as well as the effect of global equity market appreciation, net asset inflows and a better product mix. In addition, a more active market for trading activities in 2004 resulted in higher brokerage commissions.

Securities/private equity gains for 2004 rose from the prior year, primarily fueled by the improvement in the Firm's private equity investment results. This change was offset by lower securities gains on the Treasury investment portfolio as a result of lower volumes of securities sold, and lower gains realized on sales due to higher interest rates. Additionally, RFS's Home Finance business reported losses in 2004 on AFS securities, as compared with gains in 2003. For a further discussion of securities gains, see the RFS and Corporate segment discussions on pages 39–44 and 53–54, respectively, of this Annual Report.

Mortgage fees and related income rose as a result of higher servicing revenue; this improvement was offset partially by lower MSR risk management results and prime mortgage production revenue, and by lower gains from sales and securitizations of subprime loans as a result of management's decision in 2004 to retain these loans. Mortgage fees and related income exclude the impact of NII and securities gains related to home mortgage activities.

Credit card income increased from 2003 as a result of higher customer charge volume, which resulted in increased interchange income, and higher credit card servicing fees associated with an increase of $19.4 billion in average securitized loans. The increases were offset partially by higher volume-driven payments to partners and rewards expense.

The increase in Other income from 2003 reflected gains on leveraged lease transactions, the sale of an investment in 2004 and higher net results from corporate- and bank-owned life insurance policies. These positive factors in 2004 were offset partially by gains on sales of several nonstrategic businesses and real estate properties in 2003.

Net interest income rose from 2003 as growth in volumes of consumer loans and deposits, as well as wider spreads on deposits, contributed to higher net interest income. These positive factors were offset partially by lower wholesale loan balances in the IB and tighter spreads on loans, investment securities and trading assets stemming from the rise in interest rates. The Firm's total average interest-earning assets for 2004 were $744 billion, up $154 billion from 2003. The net interest yield on these assets, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, was 2.25% in 2004, an increase of four basis points from the prior year.

# Provision for credit losses

The Provision for credit losses was $3.5 billion, an increase of $939 million, or 37%, from 2004, reflecting the full-year impact of the Merger. The wholesale Provision for credit losses was a benefit of $811 million for the year compared with a benefit of $716 million in the prior year, reflecting continued strength in credit quality. The wholesale loan net recovery rate was 0.06% in 2005, an improvement from a net charge-off rate of 0.18% in the prior year. The total consumer Provision for credit losses was $4.3 billion, $1.9 billion higher than the prior year, primarily due to the Merger, higher bankruptcy-related net charge-offs in Card Services and a $350 million special provision for Hurricane Katrina. 2004 included accounting policy conformity adjustments as a result of the Merger. Excluding these items, the consumer portfolio continued to show strength in credit quality.

The Firm had total nonperforming assets of $2.6 billion at December 31, 2005, a decline of $641 million, or 20%, from the 2004 level of $3.2 billion. For further information about the Provision for credit losses and the Firm's management of credit risk, see the Credit risk management discussion on pages 63–74 of this Annual Report.

The Provision for credit losses of $2.5 billion was up $1.0 billion, or 65%, compared with 2003. The impact of the Merger and accounting policy conformity charges of $858 million were offset partially by releases in the allowance for credit losses related to the wholesale loan portfolio, primarily due to improved credit quality in the IB, and the sale of the manufactured home loan portfolio in RFS.

# Noninterest expense

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Compensation expense | $18,255 | $14,506 | $11,387 |
| Occupancy expense | 2,299 | 2,084 | 1,912 |
| Technology and communications expense | 3,624 | 3,702 | 2,844 |
| Professional &amp; outside services | 4,224 | 3,862 | 2,875 |
| Marketing | 1,917 | 1,335 | 710 |
| Other expense | 3,705 | 2,859 | 1,694 |
| Amortization of intangibles | 1,525 | 946 | 294 |
| Merger costs | 722 | 1,365 | — |
| Litigation reserve charge | 2,564 | 3,700 | 100 |
| Total noninterest expense | $38,835 | $34,359 | $21,816 |
| (a)\n  2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |  |  |  |

Noninterest expense was $38.8 billion, up 13% from the prior year, primarily due to the full-year impact of the Merger. Excluding Litigation reserve charges and Merger costs, Noninterest expense would have been $35.5 billion, up 21%. In addition to the Merger, expenses increased as a result of higher performance-based incentives, continued investment spending in the Firm's businesses and incremental marketing expenses related to launching the new Chase brand, partially offset by merger-related savings and other efficiencies throughout the Firm. Each category of Noninterest expense was affected by the Merger. The discussions that follow highlight factors other than the Merger that affected the 2005 versus 2004 comparison.

Compensation expense rose as a result of higher performance-based incentives; additional headcount due to the insourcing of the Firm's global technology infrastructure (effective December 31, 2004, when JPMorgan Chase terminated the Firm's outsourcing agreement with IBM); the impact of several investments, including Cazenove, Highbridge and Vastera; the accelerated vesting of certain employee stock options; and business growth. The effect of the termination of the IBM outsourcing agreement was to shift expenses from Technology and communications expense to Compensation expense. The increase in Compensation expense was offset partially by merger-related savings throughout the Firm. For a detailed discussion of employee stock-based incentives, see Note 7 on pages 100–102 of this Annual Report.

The increase in Occupancy expense was primarily due to the Merger, partially offset by lower charges for excess real estate and a net release of excess property tax accruals, compared with $103 million of charges for excess real estate in 2004.

Technology and communications expense was down only slightly. This reduction reflects the offset of six months of the combined Firm's results for 2004 against the full- year 2005 impact from termination of the JPMorgan Chase outsourcing agreement with IBM. The reduction in Technology and communications expense due to the outsourcing agreement termination is mostly offset by increases in Compensation expense related to additional headcount and investments in the Firm's hardware and software infrastructure.

Professional and outside services were higher compared with the prior year as a result of the insourcing of the Firm's global technology infrastructure, upgrades to the Firm's systems and technology, and business growth. These expenses were offset partially by expense-management initiatives.

Marketing expense was higher compared with the prior year, primarily as a result of the Merger and the cost of advertising campaigns to launch the new Chase brand.

The increase in Other expense reflected incremental expenses related to investments made in 2005, as well as an increase in operating charges for legal matters. Also contributing to the increase was a $93 million charge taken by TSS to terminate a client contract and a $40 million charge taken by RFS related to the dissolution of a student loan joint venture. These items were offset partially by lower software impairment write- offs, merger-related savings and other efficiencies.

For a discussion of Amortization of intangibles and Merger costs, refer to Note 15 and Note 8 on pages 114–116 and 103, respectively, of this Annual Report.

The 2005 nonoperating Litigation reserve charges that were recorded by the Firm were as follows: a $1.9 billion charge related to the settlement of the Enron class action litigation and for certain other material legal proceedings and a $900 million charge for the settlement costs of the WorldCom class action litigation; these were partially offset by a $208 million insurance recovery related to certain material litigation. In comparison, 2004 included a $3.7 billion nonoperating charge to increase litigation reserves. For a further discussion of litigation, refer to Note 25 on page 123 of this Annual Report.

Noninterest expense was $34.4 billion in 2004, up $12.5 billion, or 57%, primarily due to the Merger. Excluding $1.4 billion of Merger costs, and Litigation reserve charges, Noninterest expense would have been $29.3 billion, up 35%. The discussion that follows highlights other factors affecting the 2004 versus 2003 comparison.

Compensation expense was up from 2003, primarily due to strategic investments in the IB and continuing expansion in RFS. These factors were offset partially by ongoing efficiency improvements and merger-related savings throughout the Firm, and by a reduction in pension costs. The decline in pension costs was attributable mainly to the increase in the expected return on plan assets resulting from a discretionary $1.1 billion contribution to the Firm's pension plan in April 2004, partially offset by changes in actuarial assumptions for 2004 compared with 2003.

The increase in Occupancy expense was offset partly by lower charges for excess real estate, which were $103 million in 2004 compared with $270 million in 2003.

Technology and communications expense was higher than in the prior year as a result of higher costs associated with greater use of outside vendors, primarily IBM, to support the global infrastructure requirements of the Firm. For a further discussion regarding the IBM outsourcing agreement, see the Corporate segment discussion on page 53 of this Annual Report.

Professional & outside services rose due to higher legal costs associated with litigation matters, as well as outside services stemming from recent acquisitions – primarily Electronic Financial Services ("EFS"), and growth in business at TSS and CS.

Marketing expense rose as CS initiated a more robust marketing campaign during 2004.

Other expense was up due to software impairment write-offs of $224 million, primarily in TSS and Corporate, compared with $60 million in 2003; higher operating charges for legal matters; and growth in business volume. These expenses were offset partly by a $57 million settlement related to the Enron surety bond litigation.

For a discussion of Amortization of intangibles and Merger costs, refer to Note 15 and Note 8 on pages 114–116 and 103, respectively.

In June of 2004, JPMorgan Chase recorded a $3.7 billion addition to the Litigation reserve. By comparison, 2003 included a charge of $100 million for Enron-related litigation.

# Income tax expense

The Firm's Income before income tax expense, Income tax expense and effective tax rate were as follows for each of the periods indicated:

The increase in the effective tax rate was primarily the result of higher reported pre-tax income combined with changes in the proportion of income subject to federal, state and local taxes. Also contributing to the increase were lower 2005 nonoperating charges and a gain on the sale of BrownCo, which were taxed at marginal tax rates of 38% and 40%, respectively. These increases were offset partially by a tax benefit of $55 million recorded in connection with the repatriation of foreign earnings.

The reduction in the effective tax rate for 2004, as compared with 2003, was the result of various factors, including lower reported pre-tax income, a higher level of business tax credits, and changes in the proportion of income subject to federal, state and local taxes, partially offset by purchase accounting adjustments related to leveraged lease transactions. The Merger costs and accounting policy conformity adjustments recorded in 2004, and the Litigation reserve charge recorded in the second quarter of 2004, reflected a tax benefit at a 38% marginal tax rate, contributing to the reduction in the effective tax rate compared with 2003.

The Firm prepares its Consolidated financial statements using accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"); these financial statements appear on pages 87–90 of this Annual Report. That presentation, which is referred to as "reported basis," provides the reader with an understanding of the Firm's results that can be tracked consistently from year to year and enables a comparison of the Firm's performance with other companies' U.S. GAAP financial statements.

In addition to analyzing the Firm's results on a reported basis, management reviews the Firm's and the lines' of business results on an operating basis, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. The Firm's definition of operating basis starts with the reported U.S. GAAP results. Operating basis excludes: (i) merger costs, (ii) the nonoperating litigation charges taken and insurance recoveries received with respect to certain of the Firm's material litigation; and (iii) costs related to the conformance of certain accounting policies as a result of the Merger. Management believes these items are not part of the Firm's normal daily business operations and, therefore, not indicative of trends, as they do not provide meaningful comparisons with other periods. For additional detail on nonoperating litigation charges, see the Glossary of terms on page 134 of this Annual Report.

In addition, the Firm manages its lines of business on an operating basis. In the case of the Investment Bank, noninterest revenue on an operating basis includes, in trading- related revenue, net interest income related to trading activities. Trading activities generate revenues, which are recorded for U.S. GAAP purposes in two line items on the income statement: trading revenue, which includes the mark-to-market gains or losses on trading positions; and net interest income, which includes the interest income or expense related to those positions. The impact of changes in market interest rates will either be recorded in Trading revenue or Net interest income depending on whether the trading position is a cash security or a derivative. Combining both the trading revenue and related net interest income allows management to evaluate the economic results of the Investment Bank's trading activities, which for GAAP purposes are reported in both Trading revenue and Net interest income. In management's view, this presentation also facilitates operating comparisons to competitors. For a discussion of trading-related revenue, see the IB on pages 36–38 of this Annual Report.

In the case of Card Services, operating basis is also referred to as "managed basis," and excludes the impact of credit card securitizations on total net revenue, the provision for credit losses, net charge-offs and loan receivables. This presentation is provided to facilitate operating comparisons to competitors. Through securitization, the Firm transforms a portion of its credit card receivables into securities, which are sold to investors. The credit card receivables are removed from the consolidated balance sheet through the transfer of the receivables to a trust, and the sale of undivided interests to investors that entitle the investors to specific cash flows generated from the credit card receivables. The Firm retains the remaining undivided interests as seller's interests, which are recorded in Loans on the Consolidated balance sheets. A gain or loss on the sale of credit card receivables to investors is recorded in

Other income. Securitization also affects the Firm's Consolidated statements of income as interest income, certain fee revenue, recoveries in excess of interest paid to the investors, gross credit losses and other trust expenses related to the securitized receivables are all reclassified into credit card income. For a reconciliation of reported to managed basis of Card Services results, see page 46 of this Annual Report. For information regarding loans and residual interests sold and securitized, see Note 13 on pages 108–111 of this Annual Report. JPMorgan Chase uses the concept of "managed receivables" to evaluate the credit performance and overall financial performance of the underlying credit card loans, both sold and not sold: as the same borrower is continuing to use the credit card for ongoing charges, a borrower's credit performance will affect both the loan receivables sold under SFAS 140 and those not sold. Thus, in its disclosures regarding managed loan receivables, JPMorgan Chase treats the sold receivables as if they were still on the balance sheet in order to disclose the credit performance (such as net charge-off rates) of the entire managed credit card portfolio. In addition, Card Services operations are funded, operating results are evaluated, and decisions are made about allocating resources such as employees and capital based upon managed financial information.

Finally, commencing with the first quarter of 2005, operating revenue (noninterest revenue and net interest income) for each of the segments and the Firm is presented on a tax-equivalent basis. Accordingly, revenue from tax exempt securities and investments that receive tax credits are presented in the operating results on a basis comparable to taxable securities and investments. This non-GAAP financial measure allows management to assess the comparability of revenues arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources. The corresponding income tax impact related to these items is recorded within income tax expense. The Corporate sector's and the Firm's operating revenue and income tax expense for the periods prior to the first quarter of 2005 have been restated to be similarly presented on a tax-equivalent basis. This restatement had no impact on the Corporate sector's or the Firm's operating earnings.

Management uses certain non-GAAP financial measures at the segment level because it believes these non-GAAP financial measures provide information to investors in understanding the underlying operational performance and trends of the particular business segment and facilitate a comparison of the business segment with the performance of competitors.

The following summary table provides a reconciliation from the firm's reported GAAP results to operating results:

(Table continues on next page)

| Year ended December 31,(a) |  |  | 2005 |  |  | 2004 | 2004 | 2004 | 2004 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions, except\nper share and ratio data) | Reported\nresults | Credit\ncard(b) | Nonoperating\nitems | Tax-equivalent\nadjustments | Operating\nbasis | Reported\nresults | Credit\ncard(b) | Nonoperating\nitems | Tax-equivalent\nadjustments | Operating\nbasis |
| Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Investment banking fees | $4,088 | $— | $— | $— | $4,088 | $3,537 | $— | $— | $— | $3,537 |
| Trading revenue(c) | 6,019 | — | — | — | 6,019 | 5,562 | — | — | — | 5,562 |
| Lending &amp; deposit related fees | 3,389 | — | — | — | 3,389 | 2,672 | — | — | — | 2,672 |
| Asset management, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| administration and |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| commissions | 10,390 | — | — | — | 10,390 | 8,165 | — | — | — | 8,165 |
| Securities/private equity gains | 473 | — | — | — | 473 | 1,874 | — | — | — | 1,874 |
| Mortgage fees and related |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| income | 1,054 | — | — | — | 1,054 | 806 | — | — | — | 806 |
| Credit card income | 6,754 | (2,718) | — | — | 4,036 | 4,840 | (2,267) | — | — | 2,573 |
| Other income | 2,694 | — | — | 571 | 3,265 | 830 | (86) | 118(3) | 317 | 1,179 |
| Noninterest revenue(c) | 34,861 | (2,718) | — | 571 | 32,714 | 28,286 | (2,353) | 118 | 317 | 26,368 |
| Net interest income(c) | 19,672 | 6,494 | — | 269 | 26,435 | 14,811 | 5,251 | — | 6 | 20,068 |
| Total net revenue | 54,533 | 3,776 | — | 840 | 59,149 | 43,097 | 2,898 | 118 | 323 | 46,436 |
| Provision for credit losses | 3,483 | 3,776 | — | — | 7,259 | 2,544 | 2,898 | (858)(4) | — | 4,584 |
| Noninterest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Merger costs | 722 | — | (722)(1) | — | — | 1,365 | — | (1,365)(1) | — | — |
| Litigation reserve charge | 2,564 | — | (2,564)(2) | — | — | 3,700 | — | (3,700)(2) | — | — |
| All other noninterest expense | 35,549 | — | — | — | 35,549 | 29,294 | — | — | — | 29,294 |
| Total noninterest expense | 38,835 | — | (3,286) | — | 35,549 | 34,359 | — | (5,065) | — | 29,294 |
| Income before income tax\nexpense | 12,215 | — | 3,286 | 840 | 16,341 | 6,194 | — | 6,041 | 323 | 12,558 |
| Income tax expense | 3,732 | — | 1,248 | 840 | 5,820 | 1,728 | — | 2,296 | 323 | 4,347 |
| Net income | $8,483 | $— | $2,038 | $— | $10,521 | $4,466 | $— | $3,745 | $— | $8,211 |
| Earnings per share – diluted | $2.38 | $— | $0.57 | $— | $2.95 | $1.55 | $— | $1.31 | $— | $2.86 |
| Return on common equity | 8% | —% | 2% | —% | 10% | 6% | —% | 5% | —% | 11% |
| Return on equity less goodwill | 14 | — | 3 | — | 17 | 9 | — | 7 | — | 16 |
| Return on assets | 0.72 | NM | NM | NM | 0.84 | 0.46 | NM | NM | NM | 0.81 |
| Overhead ratio | 71 | NM | NM | NM | 60 | 80 | NM | NM | NM | 63 |
| Effective income tax rate | 31 | NM | 38 | NM | 36 | 28 | NM | 38 | NM | 35 |
| Loans–Period-end | $419,148 | $70,527 | — | — | $489,675 | $402,114 | $70,795 | — | — | $472,909 |
| Total assets – average | 1,185,066 | 67,180 | — | — | 1,252,246 | 962,556(a) | 51,084(a) | — | — | 1,013,640(a) |

(b) The impact of credit card securitizations affects CS. See pages 45–46 of this Annual Report for further information.

(c) Trading-related net interest income reclassification

| Year ended December 31,(a) (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Trading revenue – reported (d) | $5,860 | $3,612 | $4,427 |
| Trading-related NII | 159 | 1,950 | 2,129 |
| Trading revenue – adjusted (d) | $6,019 | $5,562 | $6,556 |
| Net interest income – reported | $19,831 | $16,761 | $12,965 |
| Trading-related NII | (159) | (1,950) | (2,129) |
| Net interest income – adjusted | $19,672 | $14,811 | $10,836 |

(d) Reflects Trading revenue at the Firm level. The majority of Trading revenue is recorded in the Investment Bank.

# (Table continued from previous page)

| Reported<br>results | Credit<br>card (b) | Nonoperating<br>items | Tax-equivalent<br>adjustments | Operating<br>basis |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| $2,890 | $— | $— | $— | $2,890 |
| 6,556 | — | — | — | 6,556 |
| 1,727 | — | — | — | 1,727 |
| 6,039 | — | — | — | 6,039 |
| 1,479 | — | — | — | 1,479 |
| 790 | — | — | — | 790 |
| 2,466 | (1,379) | — | — | 1,087 |
| 601 | (71) | — | 89 | 619 |
| 22,548 | (1,450) | — | 89 | 21,187 |
| 10,836 | 3,320 | — | 44 | 14,200 |
| 33,384 | 1,870 | — | 133 | 35,387 |
| 1,540 | 1,870 | — | — | 3,410 |
| — | — | — | — | — |
| 100 | — | — | — | 100 |
| 21,716 | — | — | — | 21,716 |
| 21,816 | — | — | — | 21,816 |
| 10,028 | — | — | 133 | 10,161 |
| 3,309 | — | — | 133 | 3,442 |
| $6,719 | $— | $— | $— | $6,719 |
| $3.24 | $— | $— | $— | $3.24 |
| 16% | —% | —% | —% | 16% |
| 19 | — | — | — | 19 |
| 0.87 | NM | NM | NM | 0.83 |
| 65 | NM | NM | NM | 62 |
| 33 | NM | NM | NM | 34 |
| $214,766 | $34,856 | — | — | $249,622 |
| 775,978 | 32,365 | — | — | 808,343 |

# Nonoperating Items

The reconciliation of the Firm's reported results to operating results in the accompanying table sets forth the impact of several nonoperating items incurred by the Firm in 2005 and 2004. These nonoperating items are excluded from Operating earnings, as management believes these items are not part of the Firm's normal daily business operations and, therefore, not indicative of trends as they do not provide meaningful comparisons with other periods. These items include Merger costs, nonoperating litigation charges and insurance recoveries, and charges to conform accounting policies, each of which is described below:

(2) Net nonoperating litigation charges of $2.6 billion and $3.7 billion were taken in 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(3) Other income in 2004 reflects $118 million of other accounting policy conformity adjustments.

(4) The Provision for credit losses in 2004 reflects $858 million of accounting policy conformity adjustments, consisting of a $1.4 billion charge related to the decertification of the seller's interest in credit card securitizations, partially offset by a benefit of $584 million related to conforming wholesale and consumer credit provision methodologies for the combined Firm.

# Calculation of Certain GAAP and Non-GAAP Metrics

The table below reflects the formulas used to calculate both the following GAAP and non-GAAP measures:

# Return on common equity

# Return on equity less goodwill(a)

(a) The Firm uses return on equity less goodwill, a non-GAAP financial measure, to evaluate the operating performance of the Firm. The Firm utilizes this measure to facilitate operating comparisons to competitors.

# Business segment results

The Firm is managed on a line-of-business basis. The business segment financial results presented reflect the current organization of JPMorgan Chase. There are six major business segments: the Investment Bank, Retail Financial Services, Card Services, Commercial Banking, Treasury & Securities Services and Asset & Wealth Management, as well as a Corporate segment. The segments are

based upon the products and services provided, or the type of customer served, and reflect the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated by management. Results of these lines of business are presented on an operating basis.

In connection with the Merger, business segment reporting was realigned to reflect the new business structure of the combined Firm. Treasury was transferred from the IB into Corporate. The segment formerly known as Chase Financial Services had been comprised of Chase Home Finance, Chase Cardmember Services, Chase Auto Finance, Chase Regional Banking and Chase Middle Market; as a result of the Merger, this segment is now called Retail Financial Services and is comprised of Home Finance, Auto & Education Finance, Consumer & Small Business Banking and Insurance. Chase Cardmember Services is now its own segment called Card Services, and Chase Middle Market moved into Commercial Banking. Investment Management & Private Banking was renamed Asset & Wealth Management. JPMorgan Partners, which formerly was a stand-alone business segment, was moved into

Corporate. Corporate currently comprises Private Equity (JPMorgan Partners and ONE Equity Partners) and Treasury, and the corporate support areas, which include Central Technology and Operations, Audit, Executive Office, Finance, Human Resources, Marketing & Communications, Office of the General Counsel, Corporate Real Estate and General Services, Risk Management, and Strategy and Development. Beginning January 1, 2006, TSS will report results for two divisions: TS and WSS. WSS was formed by consolidating IS and ITS.

Segment results for periods prior to July 1, 2004, reflect heritage JPMorgan Chase-only results and have been restated to reflect the current business segment organization and reporting classifications.

# Segment results – Operating basis(a)(b)

| Year ended December 31, | Total net revenue | Total net revenue | Total net revenue | Noninterest expense | Noninterest expense | Noninterest expense |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | Change | 2005 | 2004 | Change |
| Investment Bank | $14,578 | $12,605 | 16% | $9,739 | $8,696 | 12% |
| Retail Financial Services | 14,830 | 10,791 | 37 | 8,585 | 6,825 | 26 |
| Card Services | 15,366 | 10,745 | 43 | 4,999 | 3,883 | 29 |
| Commercial Banking | 3,596 | 2,374 | 51 | 1,872 | 1,343 | 39 |
| Treasury &amp; Securities Services | 6,241 | 4,857 | 28 | 4,470 | 4,113 | 9 |
| Asset &amp; Wealth Management | 5,664 | 4,179 | 36 | 3,860 | 3,133 | 23 |
| Corporate | (1,126) | 885 | NM | 2,024 | 1,301 | 56 |
| Total | $59,149 | $46,436 | 27% | $35,549 | $29,294 | 21% |

(a) Represents reported results on a tax-equivalent basis and excludes the impact of credit card securitizations; Merger costs, litigation reserve charges and insurance recoveries deemed nonoperating; and accounting policy conformity adjustments related to the Merger.

(b) 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

(c) As a result of the Merger, new capital allocation methodologies were implemented during the third quarter of 2004. The capital allocated to each line of business considers several factors: stand-alone peer comparables, economic risk measures and regulatory capital requirements. In addition, effective with the third quarter of 2004, goodwill, as well as the associated capital, is only allocated to the Corporate line of business. Prior periods have not been revised to reflect these new methodologies and are not comparable to the presentation beginning in the third quarter of 2004.

# Description of business segment reporting methodology

Results of the business segments are intended to reflect each segment as if it were essentially a stand-alone business. The management reporting process that derives these results allocates income and expense using market-based methodologies. Effective with the Merger on July 1, 2004, several of the allocation methodologies were revised, as noted below. As prior periods have not been revised to reflect these new methodologies, they are not comparable to the presentation of periods beginning with the third quarter of 2004. Further, the Firm continues to assess the assumptions, methodologies and reporting reclassifications used for segment reporting, and further refinements may be implemented in future periods.

# Revenue sharing

When business segments join efforts to sell products and services to the Firm's clients, the participating business segments agree to share revenues from those transactions. These revenue-sharing agreements were revised on the Merger date to provide consistency across the lines of business.

# Funds transfer pricing

Funds transfer pricing ("FTP") is used to allocate interest income and expense to each business and transfer the primary interest rate risk exposures to Corporate. The allocation process is unique to each business and considers the interest rate risk, liquidity risk and regulatory requirements of its stand-alone peers. Business segments may retain certain interest rate exposures, subject to management approval, that would be expected in the normal operation of a similar peer business. In the third quarter of 2004, FTP was revised to conform the policies of the combined firms.

# Expense allocation

Where business segments use services provided by support units within the Firm, the costs of those support units are allocated to the business segments. Those expenses are allocated based upon their actual cost, or the lower of actual cost or market cost, as well as upon usage of the services provided. Effective with the third quarter of 2004, the cost allocation methodologies of the heritage firms were aligned to provide consistency across the business segments. In addition, expenses related to certain corporate functions, technology and operations ceased to be allocated to the business segments

and are retained in Corporate. These retained expenses include parent company costs that would not be incurred if the segments were stand-alone businesses; adjustments to align certain corporate staff, technology and operations allocations with market prices; and other one-time items not aligned with the business segments. During 2005, the Firm refined cost allocation methodologies related to certain corporate functions, technology and operations expenses in order to improve transparency, consistency and accountability with regard to costs allocated across business segments. Prior periods have not been revised to reflect these new cost allocation methodologies.

# Capital allocation

Each business segment is allocated capital by taking into consideration stand-alone peer comparisons, economic risk measures and regulatory capital requirements. The amount of capital assigned to each business is referred to as equity. At the time of the Merger, goodwill, as well as the associated capital, was allocated solely to Corporate. Effective January 2006, the Firm expects to refine its methodology for allocating capital to the business segments to include any goodwill associated with line of business- directed acquisitions since the Merger. U.S. GAAP requires the allocation of goodwill to the business segments for impairment testing (see Critical accounting estimates used by the Firm and Note 15 on pages 81–83 and 114–116, respectively, of this Annual Report). See the Capital management section on page 56 of this Annual Report for a discussion of the equity framework.

# Credit reimbursement

TSS reimburses the IB for credit portfolio exposures the IB manages on behalf of clients the segments share. At the time of the Merger, the reimbursement methodology was revised to be based upon pre-tax earnings, net of the cost of capital related to those exposures. Prior to the Merger, the credit reimbursement was based upon pre-tax earnings, plus the allocated capital associated with the shared clients.

# Tax-equivalent adjustments

Segment and Firm results reflect revenues on a tax-equivalent basis for segment reporting purposes. Refer to Explanation and reconciliation of the Firm's non-GAAP financial measures on page 31 of this Annual Report for additional details.

| Year ended December 31, | Operating earnings | Operating earnings | Operating earnings | Return on common equity – goodwill(c) |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | Change | 2005 | 2004 |
| Investment Bank | $3,658 | $2,948 | 24% | 18% | 17% |
| Retail Financial Services | 3,427 | 2,199 | 56 | 26 | 24 |
| Card Services | 1,907 | 1,274 | 50 | 16 | 17 |
| Commercial Banking | 1,007 | 608 | 66 | 30 | 29 |
| Treasury &amp; Securities Services | 1,037 | 440 | 136 | 55 | 17 |
| Asset &amp; Wealth Management | 1,216 | 681 | 79 | 51 | 17 |
| Corporate | (1,731) | 61 | NM | NM | NM |
| Total | $10,521 | $8,211 | 28% | 17% | 16% |
| JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. / 2005 Annual Report |  |  |  |  | 35 |

JPMorgan Chase is one of the world's leading investment banks, as evidenced by the breadth of its client relationships and product capabilities. The Investment Bank has extensive relationships with corporations, financial institutions, governments and institutional investors worldwide. The Firm provides a full range of investment banking products and services in all major capital markets, including advising on corporate strategy and structure, capital raising in equity and debt markets, sophisticated risk management, and market-making in cash securities and derivative instruments. The Investment Bank also commits the Firm's own capital to proprietary investing and trading activities.

# Selected income statement data

| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue |  |  |  |
| Investment banking fees: |  |  |  |
| Advisory | $1,263 | $938 | $640 |
| Equity underwriting | 864 | 781 | 699 |
| Debt underwriting | 1,969 | 1,853 | 1,532 |
| Total investment banking fees | 4,096 | 3,572 | 2,871 |
| Trading-related revenue: |  |  |  |
| Fixed income and other | 5,673 | 5,008 | 6,016 |
| Equities | 350 | 427 | 556 |
| Credit portfolio | 116 | 6 | (186) |
| Total trading-related revenue(b) | 6,139 | 5,441 | 6,386 |
| Lending &amp; deposit related fees | 594 | 539 | 440 |
| Asset management, administration and commissions | 1,724 | 1,400 | 1,217 |
| Other income | 615 | 328 | 103 |
| Noninterest revenue | 13,168 | 11,280 | 11,017 |
| Net interest income(b) | 1,410 | 1,325 | 1,667 |
| Total net revenue(c) | 14,578 | 12,605 | 12,684 |
| Provision for credit losses | (838) | (640) | (181) |
| Credit reimbursement from (to) TSS(d) | 154 | 90 | (36) |
| Noninterest expense |  |  |  |
| Compensation expense | 5,785 | 4,893 | 4,462 |
| Noncompensation expense | 3,954 | 3,803 | 3,840 |
| Total noninterest expense | 9,739 | 8,696 | 8,302 |
| Operating earnings before income tax expense | 5,831 | 4,639 | 4,527 |
| Income tax expense | 2,173 | 1,691 | 1,722 |
| Operating earnings | $3,658 | $2,948 | $2,805 |
| Financial ratios |  |  |  |
| ROE | 18% | 17% | 15% |
| ROA | 0.61 | 0.62 | 0.64 |
| Overhead ratio | 67 | 69 | 65 |
| Compensation expense as % of total net revenue | 40 | 39 | 35 |

(b)   Trading revenue, on a reported basis, excludes the impact of Net interest income related to IB's trading activities; this income is recorded in Net interest income. However, in this presentation, to assess the profitability of IB's trading business, the Firm combines these revenues for segment reporting purposes. The amount reclassified from Net interest income to Trading revenue was $0.2 billion, $1.9 billion and $2.1 billion for 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The decline from prior years is due to tightening spreads as short-term funding rates have risen sharply and also, to a lesser extent, increased funding costs from growth in noninterest-bearing trading assets.

(c)   Total net revenue includes tax-equivalent adjustments, primarily due to tax-exempt income from municipal bond investments and income tax credits related to affordable housing investments, of $752 million, $274 million and $117 million for 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

(d)   TSS is charged a credit reimbursement related to certain exposures managed within the IB credit portfolio on behalf of clients shared with TSS. For a further discussion, see Credit reimbursement on page 35 of this Annual Report.

The following table provides the IB's total net revenue by business segment:

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue by business |  |  |  |
| Investment banking fees | $4,096 | $3,572 | $2,871 |
| Fixed income markets | 7,242 | 6,314 | 6,987 |
| Equities markets | 1,799 | 1,491 | 1,406 |
| Credit portfolio | 1,441 | 1,228 | 1,420 |
| Total net revenue | $14,578 | $12,605 | $12,684 |

Operating earnings of $3.7 billion were up 24%, or $710 million, from the prior year. The increase was driven by the Merger, higher revenues and an increased benefit from the Provision for credit losses. These factors were partially offset by higher compensation expense. Return on equity was 18%.

Net revenue of $14.6 billion was up $2.0 billion, or 16%, over the prior year, representing the IB's highest annual revenue since 2000, driven by strong Fixed Income and Equity Markets and Investment banking fees. Investment banking fees of $4.1 billion increased 15% from the prior year driven by strong growth in advisory fees resulting in part from the Cazenove business partnership. Advisory revenues of $1.3 billion were up 35% from the prior year, reflecting higher market volumes. Debt underwriting revenues of $2.0 billion increased by 6% driven by strong loan syndication fees. Equity underwriting fees of $864 million were up 11% from the prior year driven by improved market share. Fixed Income Markets revenue of $7.2 billion increased 15%, or $928 million, driven by stronger, although volatile, trading results across commodities, emerging markets, rate markets and currencies. Equities Markets revenues increased 21% to $1.8 billion, primarily due to increased commissions, which were offset partially by lower trading results, which also experienced a high level of volatility. Credit Portfolio revenues were $1.4 billion, up $213 million from the prior year due to higher gains from loan workouts and sales as well as higher trading revenue from credit risk management activities.

The Provision for credit losses was a benefit of $838 million compared with a benefit of $640 million in 2004. The increased benefit was due primarily to the improvement in the credit quality of the loan portfolio and reflected net recoveries. Nonperforming assets of $645 million decreased by 46% since the end of 2004.

Noninterest expense increased 12% to $9.7 billion, largely reflecting higher performance-based incentive compensation related to growth in revenue.

Noncompensation expense was up 4% from the prior year primarily due to the impact of the Cazenove business partnership, while the overhead ratio declined to 67% for 2005, from 69% in 2004.

In 2004, Operating earnings of $2.9 billion were up 5% from the prior year. Increases in Investment banking fees, the improvement in the Provision for credit losses and the impact of the Merger were partially offset by decreases in trading revenues and net interest income. Return on equity was 17% for 2004.

Total net revenue of $12.6 billion was relatively flat from the prior year, primarily due to lower Fixed income markets revenues and Credit portfolio revenues, offset by increases in Investment banking fees and the impact of the Merger. The decline in revenue from Fixed income markets was driven by weaker portfolio management trading results, mainly in the interest rate markets business. Credit portfolio revenues were down due to lower net interest income,

primarily driven by lower loan balances; these factors were partially offset by higher trading revenue due to more severe credit spread tightening in 2003 relative to 2004. Investment banking fees increased by 24% over the prior year, driven by significant gains in advisory and debt underwriting. The advisory gains were a result of increased global market volumes and market share, while the higher underwriting fees were due to stronger client activity.

The Provision for credit losses was a benefit of $640 million, compared with a benefit of $181 million in 2003. The improvement in the provision was the result of a $633 million decline in net charge-offs, partially offset by lower reductions in the allowance for credit losses in 2004 relative to 2003.

For the year ended December 31, 2004, Noninterest expense was up 5% from the prior year. The increase from 2003 was driven by higher Compensation expense, resulting from strategic investments and the impact of the Merger.

# Selected metrics

Year ended December 31,(a)

| (in millions, except headcount and ratio data) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue by region |  |  |  |
| Americas | $8,223 | $6,870 | $7,250 |
| Europe/Middle East/Africa | 4,627 | 4,082 | 4,331 |
| Asia/Pacific | 1,728 | 1,653 | 1,103 |
| Total net revenue | $14,578 | $12,605 | $12,684 |
| Selected average balances |  |  |  |
| Total assets | $ 598,118 | $ 473,121 | $ 436,488 |
| Trading assets–debt and equity instruments | 231,303 | 173,086 | 156,408 |
| Trading assets–derivatives receivables | 55,239 | 58,735 | 83,361 |
| Loans: |  |  |  |
| Loans retained(b) | 42,918 | 36,494 | 40,240 |
| Loans held-for-sale(c) | 12,014 | 6,124 | 4,797 |
| Total loans | 54,932 | 42,618 | 45,037 |
| Adjusted assets(d) | 455,277 | 393,646 | 370,776 |
| Equity(e) | 20,000 | 17,290 | 18,350 |
| Headcount | 19,769 | 17,478 | 14,691 |
| Credit data and quality statistics |  |  |  |
| Net charge-offs (recoveries) | $(126) | $47 | $680 |
| Nonperforming assets: |  |  |  |
| Nonperforming loans(f) | 594 | 954 | 1,708 |
| Other nonperforming assets | 51 | 242 | 370 |
| Allowance for loan losses | 907 | 1,547 | 1,055 |
| Allowance for lending related commitments | 226 | 305 | 242 |
| Net charge-off (recovery) rate(c) | (0.29)% | 0.13% | 1.69% |
| Allowance for loan losses to average loans (c) | 2.11 | 4.24 | 2.56 |
| Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans(f) | 187 | 163 | 63 |
| Nonperforming loans to average loans | 1.08 | 2.24 | 3.79 |
| Market risk–average trading and credit portfolio |  |  |  |
| VAR(g)(h)(i) |  |  |  |
| Trading activities: |  |  |  |
| Fixed income(g) | $67 | $74 | $61 |
| Foreign exchange | 23 | 17 | 17 |
| Equities | 34 | 28 | 18 |
| Commodities and other | 21 | 9 | 8 |
| Diversification(i) | (59) | (43) | (39) |
| Total trading VAR | 86 | 85 | 65 |
| Credit portfolio VAR(h) | 14 | 14 | 18 |
| Diversification(i) | (12) | (9) | (14) |
| Total trading and credit portfolio VAR | $88 | $90 | $69 |

(b)   Loans retained include Credit Portfolio, Conduit loans, leverage leases, bridge loans for underwriting and other accrual loans.

(c)   Loans held-for-sale, which include warehouse loans held as part of the IB's mortgage-backed, asset- backed and other securitization businesses, are excluded from Total loans for the allowance coverage ratio and net charge-off rate.

(d)   Adjusted assets, a non-GAAP financial measure, equals total average assets minus (1) securities purchased under resale agreements and securities borrowed less securities sold, not yet purchased; (2) assets of variable interest entities (VIEs) consolidated under FIN 46R; (3) cash and securities segregated and on deposit for regulatory and other purposes; and (4) goodwill and intangibles. The amount of adjusted assets is presented to assist the reader in comparing the IB's asset and capital levels to other investment banks in the securities industry. Asset-to-equity leverage ratios are commonly used as one measure to assess a company's capital adequacy. The IB believes an adjusted asset amount, which excludes certain assets considered to have a low risk profile, provides a more meaningful measure of balance sheet leverage in the securities industry.

(f)   Nonperforming loans include loans held-for-sale of $109 million, $2 million and $30 million as of December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. These amounts are not included in the allowance coverage ratios.

(g) Includes all fixed income mark-to-market trading activities, plus available-for-sale securities held for proprietary purposes.

(h) Includes VAR on derivative credit valuation adjustments, credit valuation adjustment hedges and mark- to-market hedges of the accrual loan portfolio, which are all reported in Trading revenue. This VAR does not include the accrual loan portfolio, which is not marked to market.

(i)   Average VARs are less than the sum of the VARs of its market risk components, due to risk offsets resulting from portfolio diversification. The diversification effect reflects the fact that the risks are not perfectly correlated. The risk of a portfolio of positions is therefore usually less than the sum of the risks of the positions themselves.

According to Thomson Financial, in 2005, the Firm improved its ranking in U.S. Debt, Equity and Equity-related from #5 in 2004 to #4 and in U.S. Equity and Equity-related from #6 in 2004 to #5. The Firm maintained its #3 position in Global Announced M&A with 24% market share and its #1 position in Global Syndicated Loans. The Firm maintained its #2 ranking in U.S. Long-Term Debt, but dropped from #2 to #4 in Global Long-Term Debt.

According to Dealogic, the Firm was ranked #2 in Investment Banking fees generated during 2005.

# Market shares and rankings(a)

|  | 2005 | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 | 2003 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31, | Market\nShare | Rankings | Market\nShare | Rankings | Market\nShare | Rankings |
| Global debt, equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| and equity- |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| related | 6% | #4 | 7% | #3 | 8% | #3 |
| Global syndicated |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| loans\nGlobal long-term | 16 | #1 | 19 | #1 | 20 | #1 |
| debt | 6 | #4 | 7 | #2 | 8 | #2 |
| Global equity and |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| equity-related | 7 | #6 | 6 | #6 | 8 | #4 |
| Global announced |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| M&amp;A | 24 | #3 | 24 | #3 | 16 | #4 |
| U.S. debt, equity and |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| equity-related\nU.S. syndicated | 8 | #4 | 8 | #5 | 9 | #3 |
| loans | 28 | #1 | 32 | #1 | 34 | #1 |
| U.S. long-term debt | 11 | #2 | 12 | #2 | 12 | #2 |
| U.S. equity and |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| equity-related | 9 | #5 | 8 | #6 | 11 | #4 |
| U.S. announced |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| M&amp;A | 24 | #3 | 31 | #2 | 14 | #7 |

(a)   Source: Thomson Financial Securities data. Global announced M&A is based on rank value; all other rankings are based upon proceeds, with full credit to each book manager/equal if joint. Because of joint assignments, market share of all participants will add up to more than 100%. The market share and rankings for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 are presented on a combined basis, as if the merger of JPMorgan Chase and Bank One had been in effect during the periods.

# Composition of revenue

| Year ended<br>December 31,(a)<br>(in millions) | Investment<br>banking fees | Trading-<br>related<br>revenue | Lending &amp;<br>deposit<br>related fees | Asset<br>management,<br>administration<br>and commissions | Other<br>income | Net interest<br>income | Total net<br>revenue |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| 2005 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Investment banking fees | $4,096 | $— | $— | $— | $— | $— | $4,096 |
| Fixed income markets | — | 5,673 | 251 | 219 | 365 | 734 | 7,242 |
| Equities markets | — | 350 | — | 1,462 | (88) | 75 | 1,799 |
| Credit portfolio | — | 116 | 343 | 43 | 338 | 601 | 1,441 |
| Total | $4,096 | $6,139 | $594 | $1,724 | $615 | $1,410 | $ 14,578 |
| 2004 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Investment banking fees | $3,572 | $— | $— | $— | $— | $— | $3,572 |
| Fixed income markets | — | 5,008 | 191 | 287 | 304 | 524 | 6,314 |
| Equities markets | — | 427 | — | 1,076 | (95) | 83 | 1,491 |
| Credit portfolio | — | 6 | 348 | 37 | 119 | 718 | 1,228 |
| Total | $3,572 | $5,441 | $539 | $1,400 | $328 | $1,325 | $ 12,605 |
| 2003 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Investment banking fees | $2,871 | $— | $— | $— | $— | $— | $2,871 |
| Fixed income markets | — | 6,016 | 107 | 331 | 84 | 449 | 6,987 |
| Equities markets | — | 556 | — | 851 | (85) | 84 | 1,406 |
| Credit portfolio | — | (186) | 333 | 35 | 104 | 1,134 | 1,420 |
| Total | $2,871 | $6,386 | $440 | $1,217 | $103 | $1,667 | $ 12,684 |

# IB revenues comprise the following:

Investment banking fees includes advisory, equity underwriting, bond underwriting and loan syndication fees.

Fixed income markets includes client and portfolio management revenue related to both market-making and proprietary risk-taking across global fixed income markets, including government and corporate debt, foreign exchange, interest rate and commodities markets.

Equities markets includes client and portfolio management revenue related to market-making and proprietary risk-taking across global equity products, including cash instruments, derivatives and convertibles.

Credit portfolio revenue includes Net interest income, fees and loan sale activity, as well as gains or losses on securities received as part of a loan restructuring, for IB's credit portfolio. Credit portfolio revenue also includes the results of risk management related to the Firm's lending and derivative activities, and changes in the credit valuation adjustment ("CVA"), which is the component of the fair value of a derivative that reflects the credit quality of the counterparty. See pages 69–70 of the Credit risk management section of this Annual Report for a further discussion.

RFS includes Home Finance, Consumer & Small Business Banking, Auto & Education Finance and Insurance. Through this group of businesses, the Firm provides consumers and small businesses with a broad range of financial products and services including deposits, investments, loans and insurance. Home Finance is a leading provider of consumer real estate loan products and is one of the largest originators and servicers of home mortgages. Consumer & Small Business Banking offers one of the largest branch networks in the United States, covering 17 states with 2,641 branches and 7,312 automated teller machines ("ATMs"). Auto & Education Finance is the largest noncaptive originator of automobile loans as well as a top provider of loans for college students. Through its Insurance operations, the Firm sells and underwrites an extensive range of financial protection products and investment alternatives, including life insurance, annuities and debt protection products.

| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue |  |  |  |
| Lending &amp; deposit related fees | $1,452 | $1,013 | $486 |
| Asset management, administration and commissions | 1,498 | 1,020 | 459 |
| Securities / private equity gains (losses) | 9 | (83) | 381 |
| Mortgage fees and related income | 1,104 | 866 | 803 |
| Credit card income | 426 | 230 | 107 |
| Other income | 136 | 31 | (28) |
| Noninterest revenue | 4,625 | 3,077 | 2,208 |
| Net interest income | 10,205 | 7,714 | 5,220 |
| Total net revenue | 14,830 | 10,791 | 7,428 |
| Provision for credit losses(b) | 724 | 449 | 521 |
| Noninterest expense |  |  |  |
| Compensation expense | 3,337 | 2,621 | 1,695 |
| Noncompensation expense | 4,748 | 3,937 | 2,773 |
| Amortization of intangibles | 500 | 267 | 3 |
| Total noninterest expense | 8,585 | 6,825 | 4,471 |
| Operating earnings before income tax expense | 5,521 | 3,517 | 2,436 |
| Income tax expense | 2,094 | 1,318 | 889 |
| Operating earnings | $3,427 | $2,199 | $1,547 |
| Financial ratios |  |  |  |
| ROE | 26% | 24% | 37% |
| ROA | 1.51 | 1.18 | 1.05 |
| Overhead ratio | 58 | 63 | 60 |

(b)   2005 includes a $250 million special provision related to Hurricane Katrina allocated as follows: $140 million in Consumer Real Estate Lending, $90 million in Consumer & Small Business Banking and $20 million in Auto & Education Finance.

Operating earnings were $3.4 billion, up $1.2 billion from the prior year. The increase was due largely to the Merger but also reflected increased deposit balances and wider spreads, higher home equity and subprime mortgage balances, and expense savings in all businesses. These benefits were partially

offset by narrower spreads on retained loan portfolios, the special provision for Hurricane Katrina and net losses associated with portfolio loan sales in the Home Finance and Auto businesses.

Net revenue increased to $14.8 billion, up $4.0 billion, or 37%, due primarily to the Merger. Net interest income of $10.2 billion increased by $2.5 billion as a result of the Merger, increased deposit balances and wider spreads, and growth in retained consumer real estate loans. These benefits were offset partially by narrower spreads on loan balances and the absence of loan portfolios sold in late 2004 and early 2005. Noninterest revenue of $4.6 billion increased by $1.5 billion due to the Merger, improved MSR risk management results, higher automobile operating lease income and increased banking fees. These benefits were offset in part by losses on portfolio loan sales in the Home Finance and Auto businesses.

The Provision for credit losses totaled $724 million, up $275 million, or 61%, from 2004. Results included a special provision in 2005 for Hurricane Katrina of $250 million and a release in 2004 of $87 million in the Allowance for loan losses related to the sale of the manufactured home loan portfolio. Excluding these items, the Provision for credit losses would have been down $62 million, or 12%. The decline reflected reductions in the Allowance for loan losses due to improved credit trends in most consumer lending portfolios and the benefit of certain portfolios in run-off. These reductions were partially offset by the Merger and higher provision expense related to the decision to retain subprime mortgage loans.

Noninterest expense rose to $8.6 billion, an increase of $1.8 billion from the prior year, due primarily to the Merger. The increase also reflected continued investment in retail banking distribution and sales, increased depreciation expense on owned automobiles subject to operating leases and a $40 million charge related to the dissolution of a student loan joint venture. Expense savings across all businesses provided a favorable offset.

Operating earnings were $2.2 billion, up from $1.5 billion a year ago. The increase was due largely to the Merger. Excluding the benefit of the Merger, earnings declined as lower MSR risk management results and reduced prime mortgage production revenue offset the benefits of growth in loan balances, wider spreads on deposit products and improvement in credit costs.

Total net revenue increased to $10.8 billion, up 45% from the prior year. Net interest income increased by 48% to $7.7 billion, primarily due to the Merger, growth in retained loan balances and wider spreads on deposit products. Noninterest revenue increased to $3.1 billion, up 39%, due to the Merger and higher mortgage servicing income. Both components of total revenue included declines associated with risk managing the MSR asset and lower prime mortgage originations.

The Provision for credit losses was down 14% to $449 million despite the impact of the Merger. The effect of the Merger was offset by a reduction in the Allowance for loan losses resulting from the sale of the manufactured home loan portfolio, and continued positive credit quality trends in the consumer lending businesses.

Noninterest expense totaled $6.8 billion, up 53% from the prior year, primarily due to the Merger and continued investment to expand the branch network. Partially offsetting the increase were merger-related expense savings in all businesses.

| (in millions, except headcount and ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Selected ending balances |  |  |  |
| Total assets | $ 224,801 | $ 226,560 | $ 139,316 |
| Loans(b) | 197,299 | 202,473 | 121,921 |
| Core deposits(c) | 161,666 | 156,885 | 75,850 |
| Total deposits | 191,415 | 182,372 | 86,162 |
| Selected average balances |  |  |  |
| Total assets | $ 226,368 | $ 185,928 | $ 147,435 |
| Loans(d) | 198,153 | 162,768 | 120,750 |
| Core deposits(c) | 160,641 | 120,758 | 80,116 |
| Total deposits | 186,811 | 137,404 | 89,793 |
| Equity | 13,383 | 9,092 | 4,220 |
| Headcount | 60,998 | 59,632 | 32,278 |
| Credit data and quality statistics |  |  |  |
| Net charge-offs(e) | $572 | $990 | $381 |
| Nonperforming loans(f) | 1,338 | 1,161 | 569 |
| Nonperforming assets | 1,518 | 1,385 | 775 |
| Allowance for loan losses | 1,363 | 1,228 | 1,094 |
| Net charge-off rate(d) | 0.31% | 0.67% | 0.40% |
| Allowance for loan losses to ending loans (b) | 0.75 | 0.67 | 1.04 |
| Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans(f) | 104 | 107 | 209 |
| Nonperforming loans to total loans | 0.68 | 0.57 | 0.47 |

(c) Includes demand and savings deposits.

(e) Includes $406 million of charge-offs related to the manufactured home loan portfolio in 2004.

(f)   Nonperforming loans include loans held for sale of $27 million, $13 million and $45 million at December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. These amounts are not included in the allowance coverage ratios.

# Home Finance

Home Finance is comprised of two key business segments: Prime Production & Servicing and Consumer Real Estate Lending. The Prime Production & Servicing segment includes the operating results associated with the origination, sale and servicing of prime mortgages. Consumer Real Estate Lending reflects the operating results of consumer loans that are secured by real estate, retained by the Firm and held in the portfolio. This portfolio includes prime and subprime first mortgages, home equity lines and loans, and manufactured home loans. The Firm stopped originating manufactured home loans early in 2004 and sold substantially all of its remaining portfolio in 2004.

# Selected income statement data by business

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Prime production and servicing |  |  |  |
| Production | $ 692 | $ 728 | $ 1,339 |
| Servicing: |  |  |  |
| Mortgage servicing revenue, net of amortization | 635 | 651 | 453 |
| MSR risk management results(b) | 283 | 113 | 784 |
| Total net revenue | 1,610 | 1,492 | 2,576 |
| Noninterest expense | 943 | 1,115 | 1,124 |
| Operating earnings | 422 | 240 | 918 |
| Consumer real estate lending |  |  |  |
| Total net revenue | 2,704 | 2,376 | 1,473 |
| Provision for credit losses | 298 | 74 | 240 |
| Noninterest expense | 940 | 922 | 606 |
| Operating earnings | 935 | 881 | 414 |
| Total Home Finance |  |  |  |
| Total net revenue | 4,314 | 3,868 | 4,049 |
| Provision for credit losses | 298 | 74 | 240 |
| Noninterest expense | 1,883 | 2,037 | 1,730 |
| Operating earnings | 1,357 | 1,121 | 1,332 |

(b)   For additional information, see page 42 of this Annual Report.

Operating earnings were $1.4 billion, up $236 million from the prior year, primarily due to the Merger, higher loan balances, reduced expenses and improved MSR risk management results.

Operating earnings for the Prime Production & Servicing segment totaled $422 million, up $182 million from the prior year. Net revenue of $1.6 billion increased by $118 million, reflecting improved MSR risk management results. The increase in MSR risk management results was due in part to the absence of prior-year securities losses on repositioning of the risk management asset. Decreased mortgage production revenue attributable to lower volume partially offset this benefit. Noninterest expense of $943 million decreased by $172 million, reflecting lower production volume and operating efficiencies.

Operating earnings for the Consumer Real Estate Lending segment increased by $54 million to $935 million. The current year included a loss of $120 million associated with the transfer of $3.3 billion of mortgage loans to held-for-sale, and a $140 million special provision related to Hurricane Katrina. Prior-year results included a $95 million net benefit associated with the sale of a $4.0 billion manufactured home loan portfolio and a $52 million charge related to a transfer of adjustable rate mortgage loans to held- for-sale. Excluding the after-tax impact of these items, earnings would have been up $242 million, reflecting the Merger, higher loan balances and lower expenses, partially offset by loan spread compression due to rising short-term interest rates and a flat yield curve, which contributed to accelerated home equity loan payoffs.

Home Finance uses a combination of derivatives, AFS securities and trading securities to manage changes in the fair value of the MSR asset. These risk management activities are intended to protect the economic value of the MSR asset by providing offsetting changes in the fair value of the related risk management instruments. The type and amount of instruments used in this risk management activity change over time as market conditions and approach dictate.

During 2005, positive MSR valuation adjustments of $777 million were partially offset by losses of $494 million on risk management instruments, including net interest earned on AFS securities. In 2004, negative MSR valuation adjustments of $248 million were more than offset by $361 million of aggregate risk management gains, including net interest earned on AFS securities. Unrealized losses on AFS securities were $174 million, $3 million and $144 million at December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. For a further discussion of MSRs, see Critical accounting estimates on page 83 and Note 15 on pages 114–116 of this Annual Report.

Operating earnings in the Prime Production & Servicing segment dropped to $240 million from $918 million in the prior year. Results reflected a decrease in prime mortgage production revenue, to $728 million from $1.3 billion, due to a decline in mortgage originations. Operating earnings were also adversely affected by a drop in MSR risk management revenue, to $113 million from $784 million in the prior year. Results in 2004 included realized losses of $89 million on the sale of AFS securities associated with the risk management of the MSR asset, compared with securities gains of $359 million in the prior year. Noninterest expense was relatively flat at $1.1 billion.

Operating earnings for the Consumer Real Estate Lending segment more than doubled to $881 million from $414 million in the prior year. The increase was largely due to the addition of the Bank One home equity lending business but also reflected growth in retained loan balances and a $95 million net benefit associated with the sale of the $4 billion manufactured home loan portfolio; partially offsetting these increases were lower subprime mortgage securitization gains as a result of management's decision in 2004 to retain these loans. These factors contributed to total net revenue rising 61% to $2.4 billion. The provision for credit losses, at $74 million, decreased by 69% from a year ago. This improvement was the result of an $87 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses associated with the manufactured home loan portfolio sale, improved credit quality and lower delinquencies, partially offset by the Merger. Noninterest expense totaled $922 million, up 52% from the year-ago period, largely due to the Merger.

# Home Finance's origination channels are comprised of the following:

Retail – Borrowers who are buying or refinancing a home are directly contacted by a mortgage banker employed by the Firm using a branch office, the Internet or by phone. Borrowers are frequently referred to a mortgage banker by real estate brokers, home builders or other third parties.

Wholesale – A third-party mortgage broker refers loan applications to a mortgage banker at the Firm. Brokers are independent loan originators that specialize in finding and counseling borrowers but do not provide funding for loans.

Correspondent – Banks, thrifts, other mortgage banks and other financial institutions sell closed loans to the Firm.

Correspondent negotiated transactions ("CNT") – Mid- to large-sized mortgage lenders, banks and bank-owned mortgage companies sell servicing to the Firm on an as-originated basis. These transactions supplement traditional production channels and provide growth opportunities in the servicing portfolio in stable and rising-rate periods.

| where otherwise noted) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Origination volume by channel (in billions) |  |  |  |
| Retail | $83.9 | $74.2 | $90.8 |
| Wholesale | 50.4 | 48.5 | 65.6 |
| Correspondent | 14.0 | 22.8 | 44.5 |
| Correspondent negotiated transactions | 34.5 | 41.5 | 83.3 |
| Total | 182.8 | 187.0 | 284.2 |
| Origination volume by business (in billions) |  |  |  |
| Mortgage | $ 128.7 | $ 144.6 | $ 259.5 |
| Home equity | 54.1 | 42.4 | 24.7 |
| Total | 182.8 | 187.0 | 284.2 |
| Business metrics (in billions) |  |  |  |
| Third-party mortgage loans serviced (ending)(b) | $ 467.5 | $ 430.9 | $ 393.7 |
| MSR net carrying value (ending)\nEnd-of-period loans owned | 6.5 | 5.1 | 4.8 |
| Mortgage loans held-for-sale | 13.7 | 14.2 | 15.9 |
| Mortgage loans retained | 43.0 | 42.6 | 34.5 |
| Home equity and other loans | 76.8 | 67.9 | 24.1 |
| Total end of period loans owned | 133.5 | 124.7 | 74.5 |
| Average loans owned |  |  |  |
| Mortgage loans held-for-sale | 12.1 | 12.1 | 23.5 |
| Mortgage loans retained | 46.4 | 40.7 | 32.0 |
| Home equity and other loans | 70.2 | 47.0 | 19.4 |
| Total average loans owned | 128.7 | 99.8 | 74.9 |
| Overhead ratio | 44% | 53% | 43% |
| Credit data and quality statistics |  |  |  |
| 30+ day delinquency rate(c) | 1.61% | 1.27% | 1.81% |
| Net charge-offs\nMortgage | $25 | $19 | $26 |
| Home equity and other loans (d) | 129 | 554 | 109 |
| Total net charge-offs | 154 | 573 | 135 |
| Net charge-off rate |  |  |  |
| Mortgage | 0.05% | 0.05% | 0.08% |
| Home equity and other loans | 0.18 | 1.18 | 0.56 |
| Total net charge-off rate(e) | 0.13 | 0.65 | 0.26 |
| Nonperforming assets(f) | $998 | $844 | $546 |

(b) Includes prime first mortgage loans and subprime loans.

(c)   Excludes delinquencies related to loans eligible for repurchase as well as loans repurchased from GNMA pools that are insured by government agencies of $0.9 billion, $0.9 billion and $0.1 billion, for December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. These amounts are excluded as reimbursement is proceeding normally.

(d) Includes $406 million of charge-offs related to the manufactured home loan portfolio in 2004.

(e)   Excludes mortgage loans held for sale.

(f)   Excludes nonperforming assets related to loans eligible for repurchase as well as loans repurchased from GNMA pools that are insured by government agencies of $1.1 billion, $1.5 billion and $2.3 billion for December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. These amounts are excluded as reimbursement is proceeding normally.

The table below reconciles management's disclosure of Home Finance's revenue into the reported U.S. GAAP line items shown on the Consolidated statements of income and in the related Notes to Consolidated financial statements:

| Year ended December 31,(a) | Prime production and servicing | Prime production and servicing | Prime production and servicing | Consumer real estate lending | Consumer real estate lending | Consumer real estate lending | Total revenue | Total revenue | Total revenue |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| Net interest income | $426 | $700 | $1,556 | $2,672 | $2,245 | $1,226 | $3,098 | $2,945 | $2,782 |
| Securities / private equity gains |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| (losses) | 3 | (89) | 359 | — | — | — | 3 | (89) | 359 |
| Mortgage fees and related income(b) | 1,181 | 881 | 661 | 32 | 131 | 247 | 1,213 | 1,012 | 908 |
| Total | $1,610 | $1,492 | $2,576 | $2,704 | $2,376 | $1,473 | $4,314 | $3,868 | $4,049 |

(b) Includes activity reported elsewhere as Other income.

The following table details the MSR risk management results in the Home Finance business:

# MSR risk management results

| (in millions)<br>Reported amounts:<br>MSR valuation adjustments(b) | 2005<br>$777 | 2004<br>$(248) | 2003<br>$(253) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Derivative valuation adjustments and other risk\nmanagement gains (losses)(c) | (494) | 361 | 1,037 |
| MSR risk management results | $283 | $113 | $784 |

(b)   Excludes subprime loan MSR activity of $(7) million and $(2) million in 2005 and 2004, respectively. There was no subprime loan MSR activity in 2003.

(c) Includes gains, losses and interest income associated with derivatives, both designated and not designated, as a SFAS 133 hedge, and securities classified as both trading and available-for-sale.

# Consumer & Small Business Banking

Consumer & Small Business Banking offers a full array of financial services through a branch network spanning 17 states as well as through the Internet. Product offerings include checking and savings accounts, mutual funds and annuities, credit cards, mortgages and home equity loans, and loans for small business customers (customers with annual sales generally less than $10 million).

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Noninterest revenue | $ 2,929 | $ 1,864 | $828 |
| Net interest income | 5,476 | 3,521 | 1,594 |
| Total net revenue | 8,405 | 5,385 | 2,422 |
| Provision for credit losses | 214 | 165 | 76 |
| Noninterest expense | 5,431 | 3,981 | 2,358 |
| Operating earnings (loss) | 1,684 | 760 | (4) |

Operating earnings totaled $1.7 billion, up $924 million from the prior year. While growth largely reflected the Merger, results also included increased deposit balances and wider spreads, as well as higher debit card and other banking fees. These factors contributed to net revenue increasing to $8.4 billion from $5.4 billion in the prior year. The Provision for credit losses of $214 million increased by $49 million; excluding the special provision of $90 million related to Hurricane Katrina, the Provision would have decreased by $41 million from the prior year, reflecting lower net charge-offs and improved credit quality trends. Noninterest expense increased by $1.5 billion to $5.4 billion, as a result of the Merger and continued investment in branch distribution and sales, partially offset by merger efficiencies.

Operating earnings totaled $760 million, up from a loss of $4 million in the prior-year period. The increase was largely due to the Merger but also reflected wider spreads on deposits and lower expenses. These benefits were partially offset by a higher Provision for credit losses.

Total net revenue was $5.4 billion, compared with $2.4 billion in the prior year. While the increase was primarily attributable to the Merger, total net revenue also benefited from wider spreads on deposits.

The Provision for credit losses increased to $165 million from $76 million in the prior year. The increase was in part due to the Merger but also reflected an increase in the allowance for credit losses to cover high-risk portfolio segments.

The increase in Noninterest expense to $4.0 billion was largely attributable to the Merger. Incremental expense from investment in the branch distribution network was also a contributing factor.

| where otherwise noted) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Business metrics (in billions) |  |  |  |
| Selected ending balances |  |  |  |
| Small business loans | $12.7 | $12.5 | $2.2 |
| Consumer and other loans(b) | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.0 |
| Total loans | 14.4 | 14.7 | 4.2 |
| Core deposits(c) | 152.3 | 146.3 | 66.4 |
| Total deposits | 181.9 | 171.8 | 76.7 |
| Selected average balances |  |  |  |
| Small business loans | $12.4 | $7.3 | $2.1 |
| Consumer and other loans(b) | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
| Total loans | 14.4 | 9.4 | 4.1 |
| Core deposits(c) | 149.0 | 109.6 | 64.8 |
| Total deposits | 175.1 | 126.2 | 74.4 |
| Number of: |  |  |  |
| Branches | 2,641 | 2,508 | 561 |
| ATMs | 7,312 | 6,650 | 1,931 |
| Personal bankers | 7,067 | 5,750 | 1,820 |
| Personal checking accounts (in thousands)(d) | 7,869 | 7,235 | 1,984 |
| Business checking accounts (in thousands)(d) | 924 | 889 | 347 |
| Active online customers (in thousands) | 4,231 | 3,359 | NA |
| Debit cards issued (in thousands) | 9,266 | 8,392 | 2,380 |
| Overhead ratio | 65% | 74% | 97% |
| Retail brokerage business metrics |  |  |  |
| Investment sales volume | $ 11,144 | $ 7,324 | $ 3,579 |
| Number of dedicated investment sales |  |  |  |
| representatives | 1,449 | 1,364 | 349 |
| Credit data and quality statistics |  |  |  |
| Net charge-offs |  |  |  |
| Small business | $101 | $77 | $35 |
| Consumer and other loans | 40 | 77 | 40 |
| Total net charge-offs | 141 | 154 | 75 |
| Net charge-off rate\nSmall business | 0.81% | 1.05% | 1.67% |
| Consumer and other loans | 2.00 | 3.67 | 2.00 |
| Total net charge-off rate | 0.98 | 1.64 | 1.83 |
| Nonperforming assets | $283 | $299 | $72 |

(b)   Primarily community development loans.

(d)   Prior periods amounts have been restated to reflect inactive accounts that should have been closed during those periods.

# Auto & Education Finance

Auto & Education Finance provides automobile loans and leases to consumers and loans to commercial clients, primarily through a national network of automotive dealers. The segment is also a top provider of loans to students at colleges and universities across the United States.

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Total net revenue | $ 1,467 | $ 1,145 | $842 |
| Provision for credit losses | 212 | 210 | 205 |
| Noninterest expense | 751 | 490 | 291 |
| Operating earnings | 307 | 270 | 206 |

Operating earnings were $307 million, up $37 million from the prior year. The current year included a net loss of $83 million associated with a $2.3 billion auto loan securitization; a net loss of $42 million associated with a $1.5 billion auto loan securitization; a $40 million charge related to the dissolution of a student loan joint venture; a benefit of $34 million from the sale of a $2 billion recreational vehicle loan portfolio; and the $20 million special provision for credit losses related to Hurricane Katrina. The prior-year results included charges of $65 million related to auto lease residuals. Excluding the after-tax impact of these items, operating earnings would have increased by $90 million over the prior year, primarily due to the Merger and improved credit quality. Results continued to reflect lower production volumes and narrower spreads.

Operating earnings totaled $270 million, up 31% from the prior year. The increase was due to the Merger, offset by narrower spreads and reduced origination volumes reflecting a competitive operating environment.

Total net revenue increased by 36% to $1.1 billion from the prior year. This increase was due to the Merger, which more than offset a decline in net interest income, reflecting the competitive operating environment in 2004, and incremental charges associated with the Firm's auto lease residual exposure.

# The following is a brief description of selected terms used by Consumer & Small Business Banking.

•Personal bankers – Retail branch office personnel who acquire, retain and expand new and existing customer relationships by assessing customer needs and recommending and selling appropriate banking products and services.

•Investment sales representatives – Licensed retail branch sales personnel, assigned to support several branches, who assist with the sale of investment products including college planning accounts, mutual funds, annuities and retirement accounts.

The Provision for credit losses totaled $210 million, up 2% from the prior year. The increase was due to the Merger but was largely offset by a lower Provision for credit losses, reflecting favorable credit trends.

Noninterest expense increased by 68% to $490 million, largely due to the Merger.

| where otherwise noted) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Business metrics (in billions) |  |  |  |
| End-of-period loans and lease related assets |  |  |  |
| Loans outstanding | $44.7 | $54.6 | $33.7 |
| Lease related assets(b) | 5.2 | 8.0 | 9.5 |
| Total end-of-period loans and lease related |  |  |  |
| assets | 49.9 | 62.6 | 43.2 |
| Average loans and lease related assets\nLoans outstanding(c) | $48.5 | $44.3 | $32.0 |
| Lease related assets(d) | 6.6 | 9.0 | 9.7 |
| Total average loans and lease related\nassets(c)(d) | 55.1 | 53.3 | 41.7 |
| Overhead ratio | 51% | 43% | 35% |
| Credit quality statistics |  |  |  |
| 30+ day delinquency rate | 1.65% | 1.55% | 1.42% |
| Net charge-offs |  |  |  |
| Loans | $257 | $219 | $130 |
| Lease receivables(d) | 20 | 44 | 41 |
| Total net charge-offs | 277 | 263 | 171 |
| Net charge-off rate\nLoans(c) | 0.57% | 0.52% | 0.43% |
| Lease receivables | 0.32 | 0.49 | 0.42 |
| Total net charge-off rate(c) | 0.54 | 0.52 | 0.43 |
| Nonperforming assets | $237 | $242 | $157 |
| (a)\n  2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |  |  |  |

(b) Includes operating lease-related assets of $0.9 billion for 2005. Balances prior to January 1, 2005, were insignificant.

(d) Includes operating lease-related assets of $0.4 billion for 2005. Balances prior to January 1, 2005, were insignificant. These are not included in the net charge-off rate.

# Insurance

Insurance is a provider of financial protection products and services, including life insurance, annuities and debt protection. Products and services are distributed through both internal lines of business and external markets. On February 7, 2006, the Firm signed a definitive agreement to sell its life insurance and annuity underwriting business.

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Total net revenue | $644 | $393 | $115 |
| Noninterest expense | 520 | 317 | 92 |
| Operating earnings | 79 | 48 | 13 |
| Memo: Consolidated gross\ninsurance-related revenue(b) | 1,642 | 1,191 | 611 |
| (a)\n  2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |  |  |  |

(b) Includes revenue reported in the results of other businesses.

Operating earnings totaled $79 million, an increase of $31 million from the prior year, on net revenues of $644 million. The increase was due primarily to the Merger. Results also reflected an increase in proprietary annuity sales commissions paid and lower expenses from merger savings and other efficiencies.

Operating earnings totaled $48 million on Total net revenue of $393 million in 2004. The increases in Total net revenue and Noninterest expense over the prior year were due almost entirely to the Merger.

| (in millions, except where otherwise noted) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Business metrics – ending balances |  |  |  |
| Invested assets | $7,767 | $7,368 | $1,559 |
| Policy loans | 388 | 397 | — |
| Insurance policy and claims reserves | 7,774 | 7,279 | 1,096 |
| Term life sales – first year annualized premiums | 60 | 28 | — |
| Term life premium revenues | 477 | 234 | — |
| Proprietary annuity sales | 706 | 208 | 548 |
| Number of policies in force – direct/assumed (in |  |  |  |
| thousands) | 2,441 | 2,611 | 631 |
| Insurance in force – direct/assumed | $282,903 | $277,827 | $31,992 |
| Insurance in force – retained | 87,753 | 80,691 | 31,992 |
| A.M. Best rating | A | A | A |
| (a)\n  2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |  |  |  |

# The following is a brief description of selected business metrics within Insurance.

•Proprietary annuity sales represent annuity contracts marketed through and issued by subsidiaries of the Firm.

•Insurance in force – direct/assumed includes the aggregate face amount of insurance policies directly underwritten and assumed through reinsurance.

•Insurance in force – retained includes the aggregate face amounts of insurance policies directly underwritten and assumed through reinsurance, after reduction for face amounts ceded to reinsurers.

# Card Services is one of the largest issuers of credit cards in the United States, with more than 110 million cards in circulation, and is the largest merchant acquirer. CS offers a wide variety of products to satisfy the needs of its cardmembers, including cards issued on behalf of many well-known partners, such as major airlines, hotels, universities, retailers and other financial institutions.

JPMorgan Chase uses the concept of "managed receivables" to evaluate the credit performance of the underlying credit card loans, both sold and not sold: as the same borrower is continuing to use the credit card for ongoing charges, a borrower's credit performance will affect both the receivables sold under SFAS 140 and those not sold. Thus, in its disclosures regarding managed receivables, JPMorgan Chase treats the sold receivables as if they were still on the balance sheet in order to disclose the credit performance (such as net charge-off rates) of the entire managed credit card portfolio.

Operating results exclude the impact of credit card securitizations on revenue, the Provision for credit losses, net charge-offs and receivables. Securitization does not change reported Net income versus operating earnings; however, it does affect the classification of items on the Consolidated statements of income.

# Selected income statement data – managed basis

| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue |  |  |  |
| Asset management, administration and commissions | $— | $75 | $108 |
| Credit card income | 3,351 | 2,179 | 930 |
| Other income | 212 | 117 | 54 |
| Noninterest revenue | 3,563 | 2,371 | 1,092 |
| Net interest income | 11,803 | 8,374 | 5,052 |
| Total net revenue | 15,366 | 10,745 | 6,144 |
| Provision for credit losses(c) | 7,346 | 4,851 | 2,904 |
| Noninterest expense |  |  |  |
| Compensation expense | 1,081 | 893 | 582 |
| Noncompensation expense | 3,170 | 2,485 | 1,336 |
| Amortization of intangibles | 748 | 505 | 260 |
| Total noninterest expense | 4,999 | 3,883 | 2,178 |
| Operating earnings before income tax expense | 3,021 | 2,011 | 1,062 |
| Income tax expense | 1,114 | 737 | 379 |
| Operating earnings | $1,907 | $1,274 | $683 |
| Memo: Net securitization gains (amortization) | $56 | $(8) | $1 |
| Financial metrics |  |  |  |
| ROE | 16% | 17% | 20% |
| Overhead ratio | 33 | 36 | 35 |
| (a)\n  2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |  |  |  |

(b)   As a result of the integration of Chase Merchant Services and Paymentech merchant processing businesses into a joint venture, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2005, Total net revenue, Noninterest expense and pre-tax earnings have been reduced to reflect the deconsolidation of Paymentech. There is no impact to operating earnings.

(c)   2005 includes a $100 million special provision related to Hurricane Katrina.

Operating earnings of $1.9 billion were up $633 million, or 50%, from the prior year due to the Merger. In addition, lower expenses driven by merger savings, stronger underlying credit quality and higher revenue from increased loan balances and charge volume were partially offset by the impact of increased bankruptcies.

Net revenue was $15.4 billion, up $4.6 billion, or 43%. Net interest income was $11.8 billion, up $3.4 billion, or 41%, primarily due to the Merger, and the acquisition of a private label portfolio. In addition, higher loan balances were partially offset by narrower loan spreads and the reversal of revenue related to increased bankruptcies. Noninterest revenue of $3.6 billion was up $1.2 billion, or 50%, due to the Merger and higher interchange income from higher charge volume, partially offset by higher volume-driven payments to partners, higher expense related to rewards programs and the impact of the deconsolidation of Paymentech.

The Provision for credit losses was $7.3 billion, up $2.5 billion, or 51%, primarily due to the Merger, and included the acquisition of a private label portfolio. The provision also increased due to record bankruptcy-related net charge-offs resulting from the new bankruptcy legislation, which became effective on October 17, 2005. Finally, the Allowance for loan losses was increased in part by the special provision for credit losses related to Hurricane Katrina. These factors were partially offset by lower contractual net charge-offs. Despite a record level of bankruptcy losses, the net charge- off rate improved. The managed net charge-off rate was 5.21%, down from 5.27% in the prior year. The 30-day managed delinquency rate was 2.79%, down from 3.70% in the prior year, driven primarily by accelerated loss recognition of delinquent accounts as a result of the bankruptcy reform legislation and strong underlying credit quality.

Noninterest expense of $5.0 billion increased by $1.1 billion, or 29%, primarily due to the Merger, which included the acquisition of a private label portfolio. Merger savings, including lower processing and compensation costs and the impact of the deconsolidation of Paymentech, were partially offset by higher spending on marketing.

Operating earnings of $1.3 billion increased by $591 million compared with the prior year, primarily due to the Merger. In addition, earnings benefited from higher loan balances and charge volume, partially offset by a higher Provision for credit losses and higher expenses.

Total net revenue of $10.7 billion increased by $4.6 billion. Net interest income of $8.4 billion increased by $3.3 billion, primarily due to the Merger and higher loan balances. Noninterest revenue of $2.4 billion increased by $1.3 billion, primarily due to the Merger and increased interchange income resulting from higher charge-off volume. These factors were partially offset by higher volume-driven payments to partners, reflecting the sharing of income and increased rewards expense.

The Provision for credit losses of $4.9 billion increased by $1.9 billion, primarily due to the Merger and growth in credit card receivables. Credit ratios remained strong, benefiting from reduced contractual and bankruptcy charge-offs. The net charge-off ratio was 5.27%. The 30-day delinquency ratio was 3.70%.

Noninterest expense of $3.9 billion increased by $1.7 billion, primarily related to the Merger. In addition, expenses increased due to higher marketing expenses and volume- based processing expenses, partially offset by lower compensation expenses.

| and where otherwise noted) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| % of average managed outstandings: |  |  |  |
| Net interest income | 8.65% | 9.16% | 9.95% |
| Provision for credit losses | 5.39 | 5.31 | 5.72 |
| Noninterest revenue | 2.61 | 2.59 | 2.15 |
| Risk adjusted margin(b) | 5.88 | 6.45 | 6.38 |
| Noninterest expense | 3.67 | 4.25 | 4.29 |
| Pre-tax income (ROO) | 2.21 | 2.20 | 2.09 |
| Operating earnings | 1.40 | 1.39 | 1.35 |
| Business metrics |  |  |  |
| Charge volume (in billions) | $301.9 | $193.6 | $88.2 |
| Net accounts opened (in thousands) | 21,056 | 7,523 | 4,177 |
| Credit cards issued (in thousands) | 110,439 | 94,285 | 35,103 |
| Number of registered Internet customers |  |  |  |
| (in millions) | 14.6 | 13.6 | 3.7 |
| Merchant acquiring business(c)\nBank card volume (in billions) | $563.1 | $396.2 | $261.2 |
| Total transactions (in millions)(d) | 15,499 | 9,049 | 4,254 |
| Selected ending balances |  |  |  |
| Loans: |  |  |  |
| Loans on balance sheets | $71,738 | $64,575 | $17,426 |
| Securitized loans | 70,527 | 70,795 | 34,856 |
| Managed loans | $142,265 | $135,370 | $52,282 |
| Selected average balances |  |  |  |
| Managed assets | $141,933 | $94,741 | $51,406 |
| Loans: |  |  |  |
| Loans on balance sheets | $67,334 | $38,842 | $17,604 |
| Securitized loans | 69,055 | 52,590 | 33,169 |
| Managed loans | $136,389 | $91,432 | $50,773 |
| Equity | 11,800 | 7,608 | 3,440 |
| Headcount | 18,629 | 19,598 | 10,612 |
| Credit quality statistics |  |  |  |
| Net charge-offs | $7,100 | $4,821 | $2,996 |
| Managed net charge-off rate | 5.21% | 5.27% | 5.90% |
| Delinquency ratios |  |  |  |
| 30+ days | 2.79% | 3.70% | 4.68% |
| 90+ days | 1.27 | 1.72 | 2.19 |
| Allowance for loan losses | $3,274 | $2,994 | $1,225 |
| Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans | 4.56% | 4.64% | 7.03% |
| (a)\n  2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |  |  |  |

(b)   Represents Total net revenue less Provision for credit losses.

(c)   Represents 100% of the merchant acquiring business.

(d)   Prior periods have been restated to conform methodologies following the integration of Chase Merchant Services and Paymentech merchant processing businesses.

The financial information presented below reconciles reported basis and managed basis to disclose the effect of securitizations.

| (in millions) | (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Income statement data |  |  |  |  |
| Credit card income |  |  |  |  |
| Reported data for the period | Reported data for the period | $6,069 | $4,446 | $2,309 |
| Securitization adjustments | Securitization adjustments | (2,718) | (2,267) | (1,379) |
| Managed credit card income | Managed credit card income | $3,351 | $2,179 | $930 |
| Other income |  |  |  |  |
| Reported data for the period | Reported data for the period | $212 | $203 | $125 |
| Securitization adjustments | Securitization adjustments | — | (86) | (71) |
| Managed other income | Managed other income | $212 | $117 | $54 |
| Net interest income |  |  |  |  |
| Reported data for the period | Reported data for the period | $5,309 | $3,123 | $1,732 |
| Securitization adjustments | Securitization adjustments | 6,494 | 5,251 | 3,320 |
| Managed net interest income | Managed net interest income | $11,803 | $8,374 | $5,052 |
| Total net revenue(b) |  |  |  |  |
| Reported data for the period | Reported data for the period | $11,590 | $7,847 | $4,274 |
| Securitization adjustments | Securitization adjustments | 3,776 | 2,898 | 1,870 |
| Managed total net revenue | Managed total net revenue | $15,366 | $10,745 | $6,144 |
| Provision for credit losses |  |  |  |  |
| Reported data for the period(c) | Reported data for the period(c) | $3,570 | $1,953 | $1,034 |
| Securitization adjustments | Securitization adjustments | 3,776 | 2,898 | 1,870 |
| Managed provision for credit losses | Managed provision for credit losses | $7,346 | $4,851 | $2,904 |
| Balance sheet – average balances |  |  |  |  |
| Total average assets |  |  |  |  |
| Reported data for the period | Reported data for the period | $74,753 | $43,657 | $19,041 |
| Securitization adjustments | Securitization adjustments | 67,180 | 51,084 | 32,365 |
| Managed average assets | Managed average assets | $141,933 | $94,741 | $51,406 |
| Credit quality statistics |  |  |  |  |
| Net charge-offs |  |  |  |  |
| Reported net charge-offs data for the period | Reported net charge-offs data for the period | $3,324 | $1,923 | $1,126 |
| Securitization adjustments | Securitization adjustments | 3,776 | 2,898 | 1,870 |
| Managed net charge-offs | Managed net charge-offs | $7,100 | $4,821 | $2,996 |
| (a) | 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan | 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan | 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan | 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |

(b) Includes noninterest revenue and Net interest income.

# The following is a brief description of selected business metrics within Card Services.

• Charge volume – Represents the dollar amount of cardmember purchases, balance transfers and cash advance activity.

• Net accounts opened – Includes originations, portfolio purchases and sales.

• Merchant acquiring business – Represents an entity that processes payments for merchants. JPMorgan Chase is a partner in Chase Paymentech Solutions, LLC.

• Bank card volume – Represents the dollar amount of transactions processed for the merchants.

• Total transactions — Represents the number of transactions and authorizations processed for the merchants.

Commercial Banking serves more than 25,000 clients, including corporations, municipalities, financial institutions and not-for-profit entities with annual revenues generally ranging from $10 million to $2 billion. While most Middle Market clients are within the Retail Financial Services footprint, CB also covers larger corporations, as well as local governments and financial institutions on a national basis. CB is a market leader with superior client penetration across the businesses it serves. Local market presence, coupled with industry expertise and excellent client service and risk management, enable CB to offer superior financial advice. Partnership with other JPMorgan Chase businesses positions CB to deliver broad product capabilities – including lending, treasury services, investment banking, and asset and wealth management – and meet its clients' financial needs.

| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue |  |  |  |
| Lending &amp; deposit related fees | $575 | $441 | $301 |
| Asset management, administration and commissions | 60 | 32 | 19 |
| Other income(b) | 351 | 209 | 73 |
| Noninterest revenue | 986 | 682 | 393 |
| Net interest income | 2,610 | 1,692 | 959 |
| Total net revenue | 3,596 | 2,374 | 1,352 |
| Provision for credit losses(c) | 73 | 41 | 6 |
| Noninterest expense |  |  |  |
| Compensation expense | 661 | 465 | 285 |
| Noncompensation expense | 1,146 | 843 | 534 |
| Amortization of intangibles | 65 | 35 | 3 |
| Total noninterest expense | 1,872 | 1,343 | 822 |
| Operating earnings before income tax expense | 1,651 | 990 | 524 |
| Income tax expense | 644 | 382 | 217 |
| Operating earnings | $1,007 | $608 | $307 |
| Financial ratios |  |  |  |
| ROE | 30% | 29% | 29% |
| ROA | 1.78 | 1.67 | 1.87 |
| Overhead ratio | 52 | 57 | 61 |
| (a)\n  2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |  |  |  |

(b) IB-related and commercial card revenues are included in Other income.

(c)   2005 includes a $35 million special provision related to Hurricane Katrina.

Commercial Banking operates in 10 of the top 15 major U.S. metropolitan areas and is divided into three customer segments: Middle Market Banking, Mid-Corporate Banking and Real Estate. General coverage for corporate clients is provided by Middle Market Banking, which covers clients with annual revenues generally up to $500 million. Mid- Corporate Banking covers clients with annual revenues generally ranging between $500 million and $2 billion and focuses on clients that have broader investment banking needs. The third segment, Real Estate, serves investors in, and developers of, for-sale housing, multifamily rental, retail, office, and industrial properties. In addition to these

three customer segments, Commercial Banking offers several products to the Firm's entire customer base: Chase Business Credit, the #1 asset-based lender for 2005, provides asset-based financing, syndications, and collateral analysis, and Chase Equipment Leasing offers a variety of equipment finance and leasing products, with specialties in aircraft finance, public sector, and information technology. Given this structure, Commercial Banking manages a customer base and loan portfolio that is highly diversified across a broad range of industries and geographic locations.

Operating earnings of $1.0 billion were up $399 million from the prior year, primarily due to the Merger.

Net revenue of $3.6 billion increased by $1.2 billion, or 51%, primarily as a result of the Merger. In addition to the overall increase from the Merger, Net interest income of $2.6 billion was positively affected by wider spreads on higher volume related to liability balances and increased loans, partially offset by narrower loan spreads. Noninterest revenue of $986 million was lower due to a decline in deposit-related fees due to higher interest rates, partially offset by increased investment banking revenue.

Each business within Commercial Banking demonstrated revenue growth over the prior year, primarily due to the Merger. Middle Market revenue was $2.4 billion, an increase of $870 million over the prior year; Mid-Corporate Banking revenue was $548 million, an increase of $181 million; and Real Estate revenue was $534 million, up $166 million. In addition to the Merger, revenue was higher for each business due to wider spreads and higher volume related to liability balances and increased investment banking revenue, partially offset by narrower loan spreads.

Provision for credit losses of $73 million increased by $32 million, primarily due to a special provision related to Hurricane Katrina, increased loan balances and refinements in the data used to estimate the allowance for credit losses. The credit quality of the portfolio was strong with net charge-offs of $26 million, down $35 million from the prior year, and nonperforming loans of $272 million, down $255 million.

Noninterest expense of $1.9 billion increased by $529 million, or 39%, primarily due to the Merger and to an increase in allocated unit costs for Treasury Services products.

Operating earnings were $608 million, an increase of 98%, primarily due to the Merger.

Total net revenue was $2.4 billion, an increase of 76%, primarily due to the Merger. In addition to the overall increase related to the Merger, Net interest income of $1.7 billion was positively affected by higher liability balances, partially offset by lower lending- related revenue. Noninterest revenue of $682 million was positively affected by higher investment banking fees and higher gains on the sale of loans and securities acquired in satisfaction of debt, partially offset by lower deposit-related fees, which often decline as interest rates rise.

The Provision for credit losses was $41 million, an increase of $35 million, primarily due to the Merger. Excluding the impact of the Merger, the provision was higher in 2004. Lower net charge-offs in 2004 were partially offset by smaller reductions in the allowance for credit losses in 2004 relative to 2003.

Noninterest expense was $1.3 billion, an increase of $521 million, or 63%, primarily related to the Merger.

| (in millions, except headcount and ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue by product: |  |  |  |
| Lending | $1,076 | $764 | $396 |
| Treasury services | 2,299 | 1,467 | 896 |
| Investment banking | 213 | 120 | 66 |
| Other | 8 | 23 | (6) |
| Total Commercial Banking revenue | 3,596 | 2,374 | 1,352 |
| Revenue by business: |  |  |  |
| Middle Market Banking | $2,369 | $1,499 | $772 |
| Mid-Corporate Banking | 548 | 367 | 194 |
| Real Estate | 534 | 368 | 206 |
| Other | 145 | 140 | 180 |
| Total Commercial Banking revenue | 3,596 | 2,374 | 1,352 |
| Selected average balances |  |  |  |
| Total assets | $56,561 | $36,435 | $16,460 |
| Loans and leases | 51,797 | 32,417 | 14,049 |
| Liability balances(b) | 73,395 | 52,824 | 32,880 |
| Equity | 3,400 | 2,093 | 1,059 |
| Average loans by business:\nMiddle market | $31,156 | $17,471 | $5,609 |
| Mid-corporate banking | 6,375 | 4,348 | 2,880 |
| Real estate | 10,639 | 7,586 | 2,831 |
| Other | 3,627 | 3,012 | 2,729 |
| Total Commercial Banking loans | 51,797 | 32,417 | 14,049 |
| Headcount | 4,456 | 4,555 | 1,730 |
| Credit data and quality statistics: |  |  |  |
| Net charge-offs | $26 | $61 | $76 |
| Nonperforming loans | 272 | 527 | 123 |
| Allowance for loan losses | 1,392 | 1,322 | 122 |
| Allowance for lending-related commitments | 154 | 169 | 26 |
| Net charge-off rate | 0.05% | 0.19% | 0.54% |
| Allowance for loan losses to average loans | 2.69 | 4.08 | 0.87 |
| Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans | 512 | 251 | 99 |
| Nonperforming loans to average loans | 0.53 | 1.63 | 0.88 |
| (a) | 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan | 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan | 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |

(b)   Liability balances include deposits and deposits swept to on-balance sheet liabilities.

# Commercial Banking revenues are comprised of the following:

Lending includes a variety of financing alternatives, which are often provided on a basis secured by receivables, inventory, equipment, real estate or other assets. Products include:

• Term loans

• Revolving lines of credit

• Bridge financing

• Asset-based structures

# • Leases

Treasury services includes a broad range of products and services enabling clients to transfer, invest and manage the receipt and disbursement of funds, while providing the related information reporting. These products and services include:

• U.S. dollar and multi-currency clearing

• Lockbox

• Disbursement and reconciliation services

• Check deposits

• Other check and currency-related services

• Trade finance and logistics solutions

• Commercial card

• Deposit products, sweeps and money market mutual funds

Investment banking products provide clients with sophisticated capital-raising alternatives, as well as balance sheet and risk management tools, through:

• Loan syndications

• Investment-grade debt

• Asset-backed securities

• Private placements • High-yield bonds • Equity underwriting • Advisory

• Interest rate derivatives • Foreign exchange hedges

Treasury & Securities Services is a global leader in providing transaction, investment and information services to support the needs of corporations, issuers and institutional investors worldwide. TSS is one of the largest cash management providers in the world and a leading global custodian. The TS business provides a variety of cash management products, trade finance and logistics solutions, wholesale card products, and short-term liquidity management tools. The IS business provides custody, fund services, securities lending, and performance measurement and execution products. The ITS business provides trustee, depository and administrative services for debt and equity issuers. TS partners with the Commercial Banking, Consumer & Small Business Banking and Asset & Wealth Management businesses to serve clients firmwide. As a result, certain TS revenues are included in other segments' results. TSS combined the management of the IS and ITS businesses under the name WSS to create an integrated franchise which provides custody and investor services as well as securities clearance and trust services to clients globally. Beginning January 1, 2006, TSS will report results for two divisions: TS and WSS.

| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue |  |  |  |
| Lending &amp; deposit related fees | $728 | $647 | $470 |
| Asset management, administration and commissions | 2,908 | 2,445 | 1,903 |
| Other income | 543 | 382 | 288 |
| Noninterest revenue | 4,179 | 3,474 | 2,661 |
| Net interest income | 2,062 | 1,383 | 947 |
| Total net revenue | 6,241 | 4,857 | 3,608 |
| Provision for credit losses | — | 7 | 1 |
| Credit reimbursement (to) from IB(b) | (154) | (90) | 36 |
| Noninterest expense |  |  |  |
| Compensation expense | 2,061 | 1,629 | 1,257 |
| Noncompensation expense | 2,293 | 2,391 | 1,745 |
| Amortization of intangibles | 116 | 93 | 26 |
| Total noninterest expense | 4,470 | 4,113 | 3,028 |
| Operating earnings before income tax expense | 1,617 | 647 | 615 |
| Income tax expense | 580 | 207 | 193 |
| Operating earnings | $1,037 | $440 | $422 |
| Financial ratios |  |  |  |
| ROE | 55% | 17% | 15% |
| Overhead ratio | 72 | 85 | 84 |
| Pre-tax margin ratio(c) | 26 | 13 | 17 |
| (a)\n  2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |  |  |  |

(b)   TSS is charged a credit reimbursement related to certain exposures managed within the IB credit portfolio on behalf of clients shared with TSS. For a further discussion, see Credit reimbursement on page 35 of this Annual Report.

(c)   Pre-tax margin represents Operating earnings before income tax expense divided by Total net revenue, which is a comprehensive measure of pre-tax performance and is another basis by which TSS management evaluates its performance and that of its competitors. Pre-tax margin is an effective measure of TSS' earnings, after all operating costs are taken into consideration.

Operating earnings were $1.0 billion, an increase of $597 million, or 136%. Primarily driving the improvement in revenue were the Merger, business growth, and widening spreads on and growth in average liability balances. Noninterest expense increased primarily due to the Merger and higher compensation expense. Results for 2005 also included charges of $58 million (after-tax) to terminate a client contract. Results for 2004 also included software-impairment charges of $97 million (after-tax) and a gain of $10 million (after-tax) on the sale of a business.

TSS net revenue of $6.2 billion increased $1.4 billion, or 28%. Net interest income grew to $2.1 billion, up $679 million, due to wider spreads on liability balances, a change in the corporate deposit pricing methodology in 2004 and growth in average liability balances. Noninterest revenue of $4.2 billion increased by $705 million, or 20%, due to product growth across TSS, the Merger and the acquisition of Vastera. Leading the product revenue growth was an increase in assets under custody to $11.2 trillion, primarily driven by market value appreciation and new business, along with growth in wholesale card, securities lending, foreign exchange, trust product, trade, clearing and ACH revenues. Partially offsetting this growth in noninterest revenue was a decline in deposit-related fees due to higher interest rates and the absence, in the current period, of a gain on the sale of a business.

TS net revenue of $2.6 billion grew by $628 million, Investor Services net revenue of $2.2 billion grew by $446 million, and Institutional Trust Services net revenue of $1.5 billion grew by $310 million. TSS firmwide net revenue, which includes TS net revenue recorded in other lines of business, grew to $8.8 billion, up $2.3 billion, or 35%. Treasury Services firmwide net revenue grew to $5.2 billion, up $1.6 billion, or 43%.

Credit reimbursement to the Investment Bank was $154 million, an increase of $64 million, primarily as a result of the Merger. TSS is charged a credit reimbursement related to certain exposures managed within the Investment Bank credit portfolio on behalf of clients shared with TSS.

Noninterest expense of $4.5 billion was up $357 million, or 9%, due to the Merger, increased compensation expense resulting from new business growth and the Vastera acquisition, and charges of $93 million to terminate a client contract. Partially offsetting these increases were higher product unit costs charged to other lines of business, primarily Commercial Banking, lower allocations of Corporate segment expenses, merger savings and business efficiencies. The prior year included software-impairment charges of $155 million.

Operating earnings for the year were $440 million, an increase of $18 million, or 4%. Results in 2004 include an after-tax gain of $10 million on the sale of an IS business. Prior-year results include an after-tax gain of $22 million on the sale of an ITS business. Excluding these one-time gains, operating earnings would have increased by $30 million, or 8%. Both net revenue and Noninterest expense increased primarily as a result of the Merger, the acquisition of Bank One's Corporate Trust business in November 2003 and the acquisition of Electronic Financial Services ("EFS") in January 2004.

TSS net revenue improved by 35% to $4.9 billion. This revenue growth reflected the benefit of the Merger, the acquisitions noted above, and improved product revenues across TSS. Net interest income grew to $1.4 billion from $947 million as a result of average liability balance growth of 46%, to $126 billion, a change in the corporate deposit pricing methodology in 2004 and wider deposit spreads. Growth in fees and commissions was driven by a 22% increase in assets under custody to $9.3 trillion as well as new business growth in trade, commercial card, global equity products, securities lending, fund services, clearing and ACH. Partially offsetting these improvements were lower deposit-related fees, which often decline as interest rates rise, and a soft municipal bond market.

TS net revenue grew to $2.0 billion, IS to $1.7 billion and ITS to $1.2 billion. TSS firmwide net revenue grew by 41% to $6.5 billion. TSS firmwide net revenues include TS net revenues recorded in other lines of business.

Credit reimbursement to the Investment Bank was $90 million, compared with a credit from the Investment Bank of $36 million in the prior year, principally due to the Merger and a change in methodology. TSS is charged a credit reimbursement related to certain exposures managed within the Investment Bank credit portfolio on behalf of clients shared with TSS.

Noninterest expense totaled $4.1 billion, up from $3.0 billion, reflecting the Merger, the acquisitions noted above, $155 million of software impairment charges, upfront transition expenses related to on-boarding new custody and fund accounting clients, and legal and technology-related expenses.

Treasury & Securities Services firmwide metrics include certain TSS product revenues and liability balances reported in other lines of business related to customers who are also customers of those other lines of business. In order to capture the firmwide impact of TS and TSS products and revenues, management reviews firmwide metrics such as liability balances, revenues and overhead ratios in assessing financial performance for TSS. Firmwide metrics are necessary, in management's view, in order to understand the aggregate TSS business.

| otherwise noted) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue by business |  |  |  |
| Treasury Services | $2,622 | $1,994 | $1,200 |
| Investor Services | 2,155 | 1,709 | 1,448 |
| Institutional Trust Services | 1,464 | 1,154 | 960 |
| Total net revenue | $6,241 | $4,857 | $3,608 |
| Business metrics |  |  |  |
| Assets under custody (in billions)(b) | $11,249 | $9,300 | $7,597 |
| Corporate trust securities under administration (in\nbillions)(c) | 6,818 | 6,676 | 6,127 |
| Number of: |  |  |  |
| US$ ACH transactions originated (in millions) | 2,966 | 1,994 | NA |
| Total US$ clearing volume (in thousands) | 95,713 | 81,162 | NA |
| International electronic funds transfer volume (in\nthousands)(d) | 89,537 | 45,654 | NA |
| Wholesale check volume (in millions) | 3,856 | NA | NA |
| Wholesale cards issued (in thousands)(e) | 13,206 | 11,787 | NA |
| Selected average balances |  |  |  |
| Total assets | $26,947 | $23,430 | $18,379 |
| Loans | 10,430 | 7,849 | 6,009 |
| Liability balances(f) | 164,305 | 125,712 | 85,994 |
| Equity | 1,900 | 2,544 | 2,738 |
| Headcount | 24,484 | 22,612 | 15,145 |
| TSS firmwide metrics |  |  |  |
| Treasury Services firmwide revenue(g) | $5,224 | $3,665 | $2,214 |
| Treasury &amp; Securities Services firmwide revenue(g) | 8,843 | 6,528 | 4,622 |
| Treasury Services firmwide overhead ratio(h) | 55% | 62% | 62% |
| Treasury &amp; Securities Services firmwide overhead\nratio(h) | 62 | 74 | 76 |
| Treasury Services firmwide liability balances(i) | $139,579 | $102,785 | $64,819 |
| Treasury &amp; Securities Services firmwide liability\nbalances(i) | 237,699 | 178,536 | 118,873 |
| (a)\n  2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan |  |  |  |

(b)   2005 assets under custody include approximately $530 billion of ITS assets under custody that have not been included previously. At December 31, 2005, approximately 5% of total assets under custody were trust-related.

(c)   Corporate trust securities under administration include debt held in trust on behalf of third parties and debt serviced as agent.

(d) International electronic funds transfer includes non-US$ ACH and clearing volume.

(e)   Wholesale cards issued include domestic commercial card, stored value card, prepaid card, and government electronic benefit card products.

(f)   Liability balances include deposits and deposits swept to on-balance sheet liabilities.

(g)   Firmwide revenue includes TS revenue recorded in the Commercial Banking, Consumer & Small Business Banking and Asset & Wealth Management businesses (see below) and excludes FX revenues recorded in the IB for TSS-related FX activity. TSS firmwide FX revenue, which includes FX revenue recorded in TSS and FX revenue associated with TSS customers who are FX customers of the IB, was $382 million, $320 million and $256 million for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

(h)   Overhead ratios have been calculated based on firmwide revenues and TSS and TS expenses, respectively, including those allocated to certain other lines of business. FX revenues and expenses recorded in the IB for TSS-related FX activity are not included in this ratio.

(i)   Firmwide liability balances include TS' liability balances recorded in certain lines of business. Liability balances associated with TS customers who are also customers of the Commercial Banking line of business are not included in TS liability balances.

Asset & Wealth Management provides investment advice and management for institutions and individuals. With Assets under supervision of $1.1 trillion, AWM is one of the largest asset and wealth managers in the world. AWM serves four distinct client groups through three businesses: institutions through JPMorgan Asset Management; ultra-high-net-worth clients through the Private Bank; high- net-worth clients through Private Client Services; and retail clients through JPMorgan Asset Management. The majority of AWM's client assets are in actively managed portfolios. AWM has global investment expertise in equities, fixed income, real estate, hedge funds, private equity and liquidity, including both money market instruments and bank deposits. AWM also provides trust and estate services to ultra-high-net-worth and high-net-worth clients, and retirement services for corporations and individuals.

(b)   2005 includes a $3 million special provision related to Hurricane Katrina.

(c)   Pre-tax margin represents Operating earnings before income tax expense divided by Total net     revenue, which is a comprehensive measure of pre-tax performance and is another basis by which AWM management evaluates its performance and that of its competitors. Pre-tax margin is an effective measure of AWM's earnings, after all costs are taken into consideration.

Operating earnings of $1.2 billion were up $535 million from the prior year due to the Merger and increased revenue, partially offset by higher compensation expense.

Net revenue was $5.7 billion, up $1.5 billion, or 36%. Noninterest revenue, primarily fees and commissions, of $4.6 billion was up $1.2 billion, principally due to the Merger, the acquisition of a majority interest in Highbridge Capital Management in 2004, net asset inflows and global equity market appreciation. Net interest income of $1.1 billion was up $285 million, primarily due to the Merger, higher deposit and loan balances, partially offset by narrower deposit spreads.

Private Bank client segment revenue of $1.7 billion increased by $135 million. Retail client segment revenue of $1.5 billion increased by $360 million. Institutional client segment revenue was up $504 million to $1.4 billion due to the acquisition of a majority interest in Highbridge Capital Management. Private Client Services client segment revenue grew by $486 million, to $1.0 billion.

Provision for credit losses was a benefit of $56 million, compared with a benefit of $14 million in the prior year, due to lower net charge-offs and refinements in the data used to estimate the allowance for credit losses.

Noninterest expense of $3.9 billion increased by $727 million, or 23%, reflecting the Merger, the acquisition of Highbridge and increased compensation expense related primarily to higher performance-based incentives.

Operating earnings were $681 million, up 137% from the prior year, due largely to the Merger but also driven by increased revenue and a decrease in the Provision for credit losses; these were partially offset by higher Compensation expense.

Total net revenue was $4.2 billion, up 41%, primarily due to the Merger. Additionally, fees and commissions increased due to global equity market appreciation, net asset inflows and the acquisition of JPMorgan Retirement Plan Services ("RPS") in 2003. Fees and commissions also increased due to an improved product mix, with an increased percentage of assets in higher-yielding products. Net interest income increased due to deposit and loan growth.

The Provision for credit losses was a benefit of $14 million, a decrease of $49 million, due to an improvement in credit quality.

Noninterest expense was $3.1 billion, up 26%, due to the Merger, increased Compensation expense and increased technology and marketing initiatives.

| Net charge-offs | $23 | $72 | $9 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Nonperforming loans | 104 | 79 | 173 |
| Allowance for loan losses | 132 | 216 | 130 |
| Allowance for lending-related commitments | 4 | 5 | 4 |
| Net charge-off rate | 0.09% | 0.33% | 0.05% |
| Allowance for loan losses to average loans | 0.50 | 1.00 | 0.78 |
| Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans | 127 | 273 | 75 |
| Nonperforming loans to average loans | 0.39 | 0.37 | 1.04 |

(a)   2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan

Chase results. 2003 reflects the results of heritage JPMorgan Chase only.

(b)  Star rankings derived from Morningstar and Standard & Poor's.

(c)  Quartile rankings sourced from Lipper and Standard & Poor's.

(d)  Reflects the transfer in 2005 of certain consumer deposits from Retail Financial Services to Asset &

Wealth Management.

# AWM's client segments are comprised of the following:

Institutional serves large and mid-size corporate and public institutions, endowments and foundations, and governments globally. AWM offers these institutions comprehensive global investment services, including investment management across asset classes, pension analytics, asset-liability management, active risk budgeting and overlay strategies.

The Private Bank addresses every facet of wealth management for ultra-high-net-worth individuals and families worldwide, including investment management, capital markets and risk management, tax and estate planning, banking, capital raising and specialty wealth advisory services.

Retail provides worldwide investment management services and retirement planning and administration through third-party and direct distribution channels.

Private Client Services offers high-net-worth individuals, families and business owners comprehensive wealth management solutions that include financial planning, personal trust, investment and banking products and services.

# Assets under supervision

Assets under supervision ("AUS") at December 31, 2005, were $1.1 trillion, up 4%, or $43 billion, from the prior year despite a $33 billion reduction due to the sale of BrownCo. Assets under management ("AUM") were $847 billion, up 7%. The increase was primarily the result of net asset inflows in equity-related products and global equity market appreciation. The Firm also has a 43% interest in American Century Companies, Inc., whose AUM totaled $101 billion and $98 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Custody, brokerage, administration, and deposits were $302 billion, down $13 billion due to a $33 billion reduction from the sale of BrownCo.

Assets under supervision at December 31, 2004, were $1.1 trillion, up 45% from 2003, and Assets under management were $791 billion, up 41% from the prior year. The increases were primarily the result of the Merger, as well as market appreciation, net asset inflows and the acquisition of a majority interest in Highbridge Capital Management. The Firm also has a 43% interest in American Century Companies, Inc., whose AUM totaled $98 billion and $87 billion at December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Custody, brokerage, administration, and deposits were $315 billion, up 55%, due to market appreciation, the Merger and net inflows across all products.

| As of or for the year ended December 31, | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Assets by asset class |  |  |
| Liquidity | $238 | $232 |
| Fixed income | 165 | 171 |
| Equities &amp; balanced | 370 | 326 |
| Alternatives | 74 | 62 |
| Total Assets under management | 847 | 791 |
| Custody/brokerage/administration/deposits | 302 | 315 |
| Total Assets under supervision | $1,149 | $1,106 |
| Assets by client segment |  |  |
| Institutional | $481 | $466 |
| Private Bank | 145 | 139 |
| Retail | 169 | 133 |
| Private Client Services | 52 | 53 |
| Total Assets under management | $847 | $791 |
| Institutional | $484 | $487 |
| Private Bank | 318 | 304 |
| Retail | 245 | 221 |
| Private Client Services | 102 | 94 |
| Total Assets under supervision | $1,149 | $1,106 |
| Assets by geographic region |  |  |
| U.S./Canada | $562 | $554 |
| International | 285 | 237 |
| Total Assets under management | $847 | $791 |
| U.S./Canada | $805 | $815 |
| International | 344 | 291 |
| Total Assets under supervision | $1,149 | $1,106 |
| Mutual fund assets by asset class |  |  |
| Liquidity | $182 | $183 |
| Fixed income | 45 | 41 |
| Equity | 150 | 104 |
| Total mutual fund assets | $377 | $328 |
| Assets under management rollforward(b) |  |  |
| Beginning balance, January 1 | $791 | $561 |
| Flows: |  |  |
| Liquidity | 8 | 3 |
| Fixed income | — | (8) |
| Equity, balanced and alternative | 24 | 14 |
| Acquisitions /divestitures(c) | — | 183 |
| Market/performance/other impacts(d) | 24 | 38 |
| Ending balance, December 31 | $847 | $791 |
| Assets under supervision rollforward(b) |  |  |
| Beginning balance, January 1 | $1,106 | $764 |
| Net asset flows | 49 | 42 |
| Acquisitions /divestitures(e) | (33) | 221 |
| Market/performance/other impacts(d) | 27 | 79 |
| Ending balance, December 31 | $1,149 | $1,106 |

(a)   Excludes Assets under management of American Century.

(c)   Reflects the Merger with Bank One ($176 billion) and the acquisition of a majority interest in Highbridge Capital Management ($7 billion) in 2004.

(d) Includes AWM's strategic decision to exit the Institutional fiduciary business ($12 billion) in 2005.

(e)   Reflects the Merger with Bank One ($214 billion) and the acquisition of a majority interest in Highbridge Capital Management ($7 billion) in 2004, and the sale of BrownCo ($33 billion) in 2005.

# Corporate

The Corporate sector is comprised of Private Equity, Treasury, corporate staff units and expenses that are centrally managed. Private Equity includes the JPMorgan Partners and ONE Equity Partners businesses. Treasury manages the structural interest rate risk and investment portfolio for the Firm. The corporate staff units include Central Technology and Operations, Audit, Executive Office, Finance, Human Resources, Marketing & Communications, Office of the General Counsel, Corporate Real Estate and General Services, Risk Management, and Strategy and Development. Other centrally managed expenses include the Firm's occupancy and pension-related expenses, net of allocations to the business.

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004(d) | 2003(d) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue |  |  |  |
| Securities / private equity gains | $200 | $ 1,786 | $ 1,031 |
| Other income(b) | 1,410 | 315 | 303 |
| Noninterest revenue | 1,610 | 2,101 | 1,334 |
| Net interest income | (2,736) | (1,216) | (133) |
| Total net revenue | (1,126) | 885 | 1,201 |
| Provision for credit losses(c) | 10 | (110) | 124 |
| Noninterest expense |  |  |  |
| Compensation expense | 3,151 | 2,426 | 1,893 |
| Noncompensation expense | 4,216 | 4,088 | 3,216 |
| Subtotal | 7,367 | 6,514 | 5,109 |
| Net expenses allocated to other businesses | (5,343) | (5,213) | (4,580) |
| Total noninterest expense | 2,024 | 1,301 | 529 |
| Operating earnings before income tax expense | (3,160) | (306) | 548 |
| Income tax expense (benefit) | (1,429) | (367) | (120) |
| Operating earnings (loss) | $(1,731) | $61 | $668 |

(d) In 2005, the Corporate sector's and the Firm's operating results were presented on a tax-equivalent basis. Prior period results have been restated. This restatement had no impact on the Corporate sector's or the Firm's operating earnings.

Operating loss of $1.7 billion declined from earnings of $61 million in the prior year.

Net revenue was a loss of $1.1 billion compared with revenue of $885 million in the prior year. Noninterest revenue of $1.6 billion decreased by $491 million and included securities losses of $1.5 billion due to the repositioning of the Treasury investment portfolio, to manage exposure to interest rates, the gain on the sale of BrownCo of $1.3 billion and the increase in private equity gains of $262 million. For a further discussion on the sale of BrownCo, see Note 2 on page 93 of this Annual Report.

Net interest income was a loss of $2.7 billion compared with a loss of $1.2 billion in the prior year. Actions and policies adopted in conjunction with the Merger and the repositioning of the Treasury investment portfolio were the main drivers of the increased loss.

Noninterest expense was $2.0 billion, up $723 million, or 56%, from the prior year, primarily due to the Merger and the cost of the accelerated vesting of certain employee stock options. These increases were offset partially by merger-related savings and other expense efficiencies.

On September 15, 2004, JPMorgan Chase and IBM announced the Firm's plans to reintegrate the portions of its technology infrastructure – including data centers, help desks, distributed computing, data networks and voice networks – that were previously outsourced to IBM. In January 2005, approximately 3,100 employees and 800 contract employees were transferred to the Firm.

Operating earnings were $61 million, down from earnings of $668 million in the prior year.

Noninterest revenue was $2.1 billion, up 57% from the prior year. The primary component of noninterest revenue is Securities/private equity gains, which totaled $1.8 billion, up 73% from the prior year. The increase was a result of net gains in the Private Equity portfolio of $1.4 billion in 2004 compared with $27 million in net gains in 2003. Partially offsetting these gains were lower investment securities gains in Treasury.

Net interest income was a loss of $1.2 billion compared with a loss of $133 million in the prior year. The increased loss was driven primarily by actions and policies adopted in conjunction with the Merger.

Noninterest expense of $1.3 billion was up $772 million from the prior year due to the Merger. The Merger resulted in higher gross compensation and noncompensation expenses. Allocations of compensation and noncompensation expenses to the businesses were lower than the gross expense increase due to certain policies adopted in conjunction with the Merger, which retain in Corporate overhead costs that would not be incurred by the lines of business if operated on a stand-alone basis, and costs in excess of the market price for services provided by the corporate staff and technology and operations areas.

| (in millions, except headcount) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Selected average balances |  |  |  |
| Short-term investments(b) | $16,808 | $14,590 | $4,076 |
| Investment portfolio(c) | 54,481 | 65,985 | 65,113 |
| Goodwill(d) | 43,475 | 21,773 | 293 |
| Total assets | 160,720 | 162,234 | 104,395 |
| Headcount | 28,384 | 24,806 | 13,391 |
| Treasury |  |  |  |
| Securities gains (losses) | $(1,502) | $347 | $999 |
| Investment portfolio (average) | 46,520 | 57,776 | 56,299 |
| Investment portfolio (ending) | 30,741 | 64,949 | 45,811 |

(b)   Represents Federal funds sold, Securities borrowed, Trading assets – debt and equity instruments and Trading assets – derivative receivables.

(c)   Represents Investment securities and private equity investments.

(d)   As of July 1, 2004, the Firm revised the goodwill allocation methodology to retain all goodwill in Corporate. Effective with the first quarter of 2006, the Firm will refine its methodology to allocate goodwill to the lines of business.

# Private equity

Private Equity's operating earnings for the year were $821 million compared with $602 million in the prior year. This improvement in earnings reflected an increase of $262 million in private equity gains to $1.7 billion, a 15% reduction in noninterest expenses and a $62 million decline in net funding costs of carrying portfolio investments. Private equity gains benefited from continued favorable markets for investment sales and recapitalizations, resulting in nearly $2 billion of realized gains. The carrying value of the private equity portfolio declined by $1.3 billion to $6.2 billion as of December 31, 2005. This decline was primarily the result of sales and recapitalizations of direct investments.

Private Equity's operating earnings for the year totaled $602 million compared with a loss of $290 million in 2003. This improvement reflected a $1.4 billion increase in total private equity gains. In 2004, markets improved for investment sales, resulting in $1.4 billion of realized gains on direct investments, compared with realized gains of $535 million in 2003. Net write-downs on direct investments were $192 million in 2004 compared with net write-downs of $404 million in 2003, as valuations continued to stabilize amid positive market conditions.

The carrying value of the Private Equity portfolio at December 31, 2004, was $7.5 billion, an increase of $247 million from December 31, 2003. The increase was primarily the result of the acquisition of ONE Equity Partners as a result of the Merger. Excluding ONE Equity Partners, the portfolio declined as a result of sales of investments, which was consistent with management's intention to reduce over time the capital committed to private equity. Sales of third-party fund investments resulted in a decrease in carrying value of $458 million, to $641 million at December 31, 2004, compared with $1.1 billion at December 31, 2003.

# Selected income statement and

# balance sheet data – Private equity

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Private equity gains (losses) |  |  |  |
| Direct investments |  |  |  |
| Realized gains | $1,969 | $1,423 | $535 |
| Write-ups / (write-downs) | (72) | (192) | (404) |
| Mark-to-market gains (losses) | (338) | 164 | 215 |
| Total direct investments | 1,559 | 1,395 | 346 |
| Third-party fund investments | 132 | 34 | (319) |
| Total private equity gains (losses) | 1,691 | 1,429 | 27 |
| Other income | 40 | 53 | 47 |
| Net interest income | (209) | (271) | (264) |
| Total net revenue | 1,522 | 1,211 | (190) |
| Total noninterest expense | 244 | 288 | 268 |
| Operating earnings (loss) before income tax expense | 1,278 | 923 | (458) |
| Income tax expense | 457 | 321 | (168) |
| Operating earnings (loss) | $821 | $602 | $(290) |
| Private equity portfolio information(b) |  |  |  |
| Direct investments |  |  |  |
| Public securities |  |  |  |
| Carrying value | $479 | $1,170 | $643 |
| Cost | 403 | 744 | 451 |
| Quoted public value | 683 | 1,758 | 994 |
| Private direct securities |  |  |  |
| Carrying value | 5,028 | 5,686 | 5,508 |
| Cost | 6,463 | 7,178 | 6,960 |
| Third-party fund investments |  |  |  |
| Carrying value | 669 | 641 | 1,099 |
| Cost | 1,003 | 1,042 | 1,736 |
| Total private equity portfolio |  |  |  |
| Carrying value | $6,176 | $7,497 | $7,250 |
| Cost | $7,869 | $8,964 | $9,147 |

(b)   For further information on the Firm's policies regarding the valuation of the private equity portfolio, see Note 9 on pages 103–105 of this Annual Report.

# Balance sheet analysis

# Selected balance sheet data

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Assets |  |  |
| Cash and due from banks | $36,670 | $35,168 |
| Deposits with banks and Federal funds sold | 26,072 | 28,958 |
| Securities purchased under resale agreements and Securities |  |  |
| borrowed | 204,174 | 141,504 |
| Trading assets – debt and equity instruments | 248,590 | 222,832 |
| Trading assets – derivative receivables | 49,787 | 65,982 |
| Securities: |  |  |
| Available-for-sale | 47,523 | 94,402 |
| Held-to-maturity | 77 | 110 |
| Loans, net of allowance for loan losses | 412,058 | 394,794 |
| Other receivables | 27,643 | 31,086 |
| Goodwill and other intangible assets | 58,180 | 57,887 |
| All other assets | 88,168 | 84,525 |
| Total assets | $1,198,942 | $1,157,248 |
| Liabilities |  |  |
| Deposits | $554,991 | $521,456 |
| Securities sold under repurchase agreements and securities lent | 117,124 | 112,347 |
| Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments | 94,157 | 87,942 |
| Trading liabilities – derivative payables | 51,773 | 63,265 |
| Long-term debt and capital debt securities | 119,886 | 105,718 |
| All other liabilities | 153,800 | 160,867 |
| Total liabilities | 1,091,731 | 1,051,595 |
| Stockholders' equity | 107,211 | 105,653 |
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $1,198,942 | $1,157,248 |

# Securities purchased under resale agreements and Securities sold under repurchase agreements

The increase in Securities purchased under resale agreements was due primarily to growth in client-driven financing activities in North America and Europe.

# Trading assets and liabilities – debt and equity instruments

The Firm's debt and equity trading instruments consist primarily of fixed income securities (including government and corporate debt) and equity and convertible cash instruments used for both market-making and proprietary risk-taking activities. The increase over December 31, 2004, was primarily due to growth in client-driven market- making activities across interest rate, credit and equity markets. For additional information, refer to Note 3 on page 94 of this Annual Report.

# Trading assets and liabilities – derivative receivables and payables

The Firm uses various interest rate, foreign exchange, equity, credit and commodity derivatives for market-making, proprietary risk-taking and risk management purposes. The decline from December 31, 2004, was primarily due to the appreciation of the U.S. dollar and, to a lesser extent, higher interest rates, partially offset by increased commodity trading activity and rising commodity prices. For additional information, refer to Credit risk management and Note 3 on pages 63–74 and 94, respectively, of this Annual Report.

# Securities

The AFS portfolio declined by $46.9 billion from December 31, 2004, primarily due to securities sales (as a result of management's decision to reposition the Treasury investment portfolio to manage exposure to interest rates) and maturities, which more than offset purchases. For additional information related to securities, refer to the Corporate segment discussion and to Note 9 on pages 53–54 and 103–105, respectively, of this Annual Report.

# Loans

The $17 billion increase in gross loans was due primarily to an increase of $15 billion in the wholesale portfolio, primarily from the IB, reflecting higher balances of loans held- for-sale ("HFS") related to securitization and syndication activities, and growth in the IB Credit Portfolio. Wholesale HFS loans were $18 billion as of December 31, 2005, compared with $6 billion as of December 31, 2004. For consumer loans, growth in consumer real estate (primarily home equity loans) and credit card loans was offset largely by a decline in the auto portfolio. The increase in credit card loans primarily reflected growth from new account originations and the acquisition of $1.5 billion of Sears Canada loans on the balance sheet. The decline in the auto portfolio primarily reflected a difficult auto lending market in 2005, $3.8 billion of securitizations and was also the result of a strategic review of the portfolio in 2004 that led to the decisions to de-emphasize vehicle leasing and sell a $2 billion recreational vehicle portfolio. For a more detailed discussion of the loan portfolio and the Allowance for loan losses, refer to Credit risk management on pages 63–74 of this Annual Report.

# Goodwill and Other intangible assets

The $293 million increase in Goodwill and Other intangible assets primarily resulted from higher MSRs due to growth in the servicing portfolio as well as an overall increase in the valuation from improved market conditions; the business partnership with Cazenove; the acquisition of the Sears Canada credit card business; and the Neovest and Vastera acquisitions. Partially offsetting the increase were declines from the amortization of purchased credit card relationships and core deposit intangibles and the deconsolidation of Paymentech. For additional information, see Note 15 on pages 114– 116 of this Annual Report.

# Deposits

Deposits increased by 6% from December 31, 2004. Retail deposits increased, reflecting growth from new account acquisitions and the ongoing expansion of the retail branch distribution network. Wholesale deposits were higher, driven by growth in business volumes. For more information on deposits, refer to the RFS segment discussion and the Liquidity risk management discussion on pages 39–44 and 61–62, respectively, of this Annual Report. For more information on liability balances, refer to the CB and TSS segment discussions on pages 47–48 and 49–50, respectively, of this Annual Report.

# Long-term debt and capital debt securities

Long-term debt and capital debt securities increased by $14.2 billion, or 13%, from December 31, 2004, primarily due to net new issuances of long-term debt and capital debt securities. The Firm took advantage of narrow credit spreads globally to issue opportunistically long-term debt and capital debt securities throughout 2005. Consistent with its liquidity management policy, the Firm raised funds sufficient to cover maturing obligations over the next 12 months and to support the less liquid assets on its balance sheet. Large investor cash positions and increased foreign investor participation in the corporate markets allowed JPMorgan Chase to diversify further its funding across the global markets while lengthening maturities. For additional information on the Firm's long-term debt activity, see the Liquidity risk management discussion on pages 61–62 of this Annual Report.

# Stockholders' equity

Total stockholders' equity increased by $1.6 billion from year-end 2004 to $107.2 billion at December 31, 2005. The increase was the result of net income for 2005 and common stock issued under employee plans, partially offset by cash dividends, stock repurchases, the redemption of $200 million of preferred stock and net unrealized losses in Accumulated other comprehensive income. For a further discussion of capital, see the Capital management section that follows.

# Capital management

The Firm's capital management framework is intended to ensure that there is capital sufficient to support the underlying risks of the Firm's business activities, as measured by economic risk capital, and to maintain "well-capitalized" status under regulatory requirements. In addition, the Firm holds capital above these requirements in amounts deemed appropriate to achieve management's regulatory and debt rating objectives. The Firm's capital framework is integrated into the process of assigning equity to the lines of business.

# Line of business equity

The Firm's framework for allocating capital is based upon the following objectives:

• Integrate firmwide capital management activities with capital management activities within each of the lines of business.

• Measure performance consistently across all lines of business.

• Provide comparability with peer firms for each of the lines of business.

Equity for a line of business represents the amount the Firm believes the business would require if it were operating independently, incorporating sufficient capital to address economic risk measures, regulatory capital requirements, and capital levels for similarly rated peers. Return on equity is measured and internal targets for expected returns are established as a key measure of a business segment's performance.

For performance management purposes, the Firm initiated a methodology at the time of the Merger for allocating goodwill. Under this methodology, in the last half of 2004 and all of 2005, goodwill from the Merger and from any business acquisition by either heritage firm prior to the Merger was allocated to Corporate, as was any associated equity. Therefore, 2005 line of business equity is not comparable to equity assigned to the lines of business in prior years. The increase in average common equity in the following table for 2005 was attributable primarily to the Merger.

| (in billions) | Yearly Average | Yearly Average |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Line of business equity | 2005 | 2004(a) |
| Investment Bank | $20.0 | $17.3 |
| Retail Financial Services | 13.4 | 9.1 |
| Card Services | 11.8 | 7.6 |
| Commercial Banking | 3.4 | 2.1 |
| Treasury &amp; Securities Services | 1.9 | 2.5 |
| Asset &amp; Wealth Management | 2.4 | 3.9 |
| Corporate(b) | 52.6 | 33.1 |
| Total common stockholders' equity | $ 105.5 | $75.6 |

(a)   2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

(b)   2005 includes $43.5 billion of equity to offset goodwill and $9.1 billion of equity, primarily related to Treasury, Private Equity and the Corporate Pension Plan.

Effective January 1, 2006, the Firm expects to refine its methodology for allocating capital to the lines of business, and may continue to refine this methodology. The revised methodology, among other things, considers for each line of business goodwill associated with such line of business' acquisitions since the Merger. As a result of this refinement, Retail Financial Services, Card Services, Commercial Banking, Treasury & Securities Services and Asset & Wealth Management will have higher amounts of capital allocated in 2006, while the amount of capital allocated to the Investment Bank will remain unchanged. In management's view, the revised methodology assigns responsibility to the lines of business to generate returns on the amount of capital supporting acquisition-related goodwill. As part of this refinement in the capital allocation methodology, the Firm will assign to the Corporate segment an

amount of equity capital equal to the then-current book value of goodwill from and prior to the Merger. In accordance with SFAS 142, the lines of business will continue to perform the required goodwill impairment testing. For a further discussion of goodwill and impairment testing, see Critical accounting estimates and Note 15 on pages 81–83 and 114–116, respectively, of this Annual Report.

# Economic risk capital

JPMorgan Chase assesses its capital adequacy relative to the underlying risks of the Firm's business activities, utilizing internal risk-assessment methodologies. The Firm assigns economic capital based primarily upon five risk factors: credit risk, market risk, operational risk and business risk for each business; and private equity risk, principally for the Firm's private equity business.

| (in billions) | Yearly Average | Yearly Average |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Economic risk capital | 2005 | 2004(a) |
| Credit risk | $22.6 | $16.5 |
| Market risk | 9.8 | 7.5 |
| Operational risk | 5.5 | 4.5 |
| Business risk | 2.1 | 1.9 |
| Private equity risk | 3.8 | 4.5 |
| Economic risk capital | 43.8 | 34.9 |
| Goodwill | 43.5 | 25.9 |
| Other(b) | 18.2 | 14.8 |
| Total common stockholders' equity | $ 105.5 | $75.6 |

(b)   Additional capital required to meet internal debt and regulatory rating objectives.

# Credit risk capital

Credit risk capital is estimated separately for the wholesale businesses (Investment Bank, Commercial Banking, Treasury & Securities Services and Asset & Wealth Management) and consumer businesses (Retail Financial Services and Card Services).

Credit risk capital for the overall wholesale credit portfolio is defined in terms of unexpected credit losses, both from defaults and declines in market value due to credit deterioration, measured over a one-year period at a confidence level consistent with the level of capitalization necessary to achieve a targeted 'AA' solvency standard. Unexpected losses are in excess of those for which provisions for credit losses are maintained. In addition to maturity and correlations, capital allocation is differentiated by several principal drivers of credit risk: exposure at default (or loan equivalent amount), likelihood of default, loss severity, and market credit spread.

• Loan equivalent amount for counterparty exposures in an over-the-counter derivative transaction is represented by the expected positive exposure based upon potential movements of underlying market rates. Loan equivalents for unused revolving credit facilities represent the portion of an unused commitment likely, based upon the Firm's average portfolio historical experience, to become outstanding in the event an obligor defaults.

• Default likelihood is based upon current market conditions for all publicly traded names and investment banking clients, by referencing the growing market in credit derivatives and secondary market loan sales. This methodology produces, in the Firm's view, more active risk management by utilizing a forward-looking measure of credit risk. This dynamic measure captures current market conditions and will change with the credit cycle over time impacting the level of credit risk capital. For privately- held firms in the commercial banking portfolio, default likelihood is based upon longer term averages over an entire credit cycle.

• Loss severity of exposure is based upon the Firm's average historical experience during workouts, with adjustments to account for collateral or subordination.

• Market credit spreads are used in the evaluation of changes in exposure value due to credit deterioration.

Credit risk capital for the consumer portfolio is intended to represent a capital level sufficient to support an 'AA' rating, and its allocation is based upon product and other relevant risk segmentation. Actual segment level default and severity experience are used to estimate unexpected losses for a one-year horizon at a confidence level equivalent to the 'AA' solvency standard. Statistical results for certain segments or portfolios are adjusted upward to ensure that capital is consistent with external benchmarks, including subordination levels on market transactions and capital held at representative monoline competitors, where appropriate.

# Market risk capital

The Firm calculates market risk capital guided by the principle that capital should reflect the risk of loss in the value of portfolios and financial instruments caused by adverse movements in market variables, such as interest and foreign exchange rates, credit spreads, securities prices and commodities prices. Daily VAR, monthly stress-test results and other factors are used to determine appropriate capital levels. The Firm allocates market risk capital to each business segment according to a formula that weights that segment's VAR and stress test exposures. See Market risk management on pages 75–78 of this Annual Report for more information about these market risk measures.

# Operational risk capital

Capital is allocated to the lines of business for operational risk using a risk-based capital allocation methodology which estimates operational risk on a bottom-up basis. The operational risk capital model is based upon actual losses and potential scenario-based stress losses, with adjustments to the capital calculation to reflect changes in the quality of the control environment or the potential offset as a result of the use of risk-transfer products. The Firm believes the model is consistent with the new Basel II Framework and expects to propose it eventually for qualification under the advanced measurement approach for operational risk.

# Business risk capital

Business risk is defined as the risk associated with volatility in the Firm's earnings due to factors not captured by other parts of its economic-capital framework. Such volatility can arise from ineffective design or execution of business strategies, volatile economic or financial market activity, changing client expectations and demands, and restructuring to adjust for changes in the competitive environment. For business risk, capital is allocated to each business based upon historical revenue volatility and measures of fixed and variable expenses. Earnings volatility arising from other risk factors, such as credit, market, or operational risk, is excluded from the measurement of business risk capital, as those factors are captured under their respective risk capital models.

# Private equity risk capital

Capital is allocated to privately- and publicly-held securities, third-party fund investments and commitments in the Private Equity portfolio to cover the potential loss associated with a decline in equity markets and related asset devaluations.

# Regulatory capital

The Firm's federal banking regulator, the Federal Reserve Board ("FRB"), establishes capital requirements, including well-capitalized standards for the consolidated financial holding company. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency ("OCC") establishes similar capital requirements and standards for the Firm's national banks, including JPMorgan Chase Bank and Chase Bank USA, National Association.

The federal banking regulatory agencies issued a final rule that makes permanent an interim rule issued in 2000 that provides regulatory capital relief for certain cash- collateralized securities borrowed transactions, effective February 22, 2006. The final rule also broadens the types of transactions qualifying for regulatory capital relief under the interim rule. Adoption of the rule is not expected to have a material effect on the Firm's capital ratios.

On March 1, 2005, the FRB issued a final rule, which became effective April 11, 2005, that continues the inclusion of trust preferred securities in Tier 1 capital, subject to stricter quantitative limits and revised qualitative standards, and broadens the definition of restricted core capital elements. The rule provides for a five-year transition period. As an internationally active bank holding company, JPMorgan Chase is subject to the rule's limitation on restricted core capital elements, including trust preferred securities, to 15% of total core capital elements, net of goodwill less any associated deferred tax liability. At December 31, 2005, JPMorgan Chase's restricted core capital elements were 16.5% of total core capital elements. JPMorgan Chase expects to be in compliance with the 15% limit by the March 31, 2009, implementation date.

On July 20, 2004, the federal banking regulatory agencies issued a final rule that excludes assets of asset-backed commercial paper programs that are consolidated as a result of FIN 46R from risk-weighted assets for purposes of computing Tier 1 and Total risk-based capital ratios. The final rule also requires that capital be held against short- term liquidity facilities supporting asset-backed commercial paper programs. The final rule became effective September 30, 2004. In addition, both short- and long-term liquidity facilities are subject to certain asset quality tests effective September 30, 2005. Adoption of the rule did not have a material effect on the capital ratios of the Firm.

The following tables show that JPMorgan Chase maintained a well-capitalized position based upon Tier 1 and Total capital ratios at December 31, 2005 and 2004.

| Capital ratios |  |  | Well-capitalized |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31, | 2005 | 2004 | ratios |
| Tier 1 capital ratio | 8.5% | 8.7% | 6.0% |
| Total capital ratio | 12.0 | 12.2 | 10.0 |
| Tier 1 leverage ratio | 6.3 | 6.2 | NA |
| Total stockholders' equity to assets | 8.9 | 9.1 | NA |

# Risk-based capital components and assets

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Total Tier 1 capital | $72,474 | $68,621 |
| Total Tier 2 capital | 29,963 | 28,186 |
| Total capital | $102,437 | $96,807 |
| Risk-weighted assets | $850,643 | $791,373 |
| Total adjusted average assets | 1,152,546 | 1,102,456 |

Tier 1 capital was $72.5 billion at December 31, 2005, compared with $68.6 billion at December 31, 2004, an increase of $3.9 billion. The increase was due primarily to net income of $8.5 billion, net common stock issued under employee plans of $1.9 billion, $1.3 billion of additional qualifying trust preferred securities and a decline of $716 million in the deduction for nonqualifying intangible assets as a result of amortization. Offsetting these increases were dividends declared of $4.8 billion, common share repurchases of $3.4 billion, an increase in the deduction for goodwill of $418 million and the redemption of $200 million of preferred stock. Additional information regarding the Firm's capital ratios and the federal regulatory capital standards to which it is subject is presented in Note 24 on pages 121–122 of this Annual Report.

# Basel II

The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published the new Basel II Framework in 2004 in an effort to update the original international bank capital

accord ("Basel I"), in effect since 1988. The goal of the Basel II Framework is to improve the consistency of capital requirements internationally, make regulatory capital more risk-sensitive, and promote enhanced risk management practices among large, internationally active banking organizations. JPMorgan Chase supports the overall objectives of the Basel II Framework.

U.S. banking regulators are in the process of incorporating the Basel II Framework into the existing risk-based capital requirements. JPMorgan Chase will be required to implement advanced measurement techniques in the U.S. by employing internal estimates of certain key risk drivers to derive capital requirements. Prior to implementation of the new Basel II Framework, JPMorgan Chase will be required to demonstrate to its U.S. bank supervisors that its internal criteria meet the relevant supervisory standards. JPMorgan Chase expects to be in compliance within the established timelines with all relevant Basel II rules.

# Dividends

The Firm's common stock dividend policy reflects JPMorgan Chase's earnings outlook, desired payout ratios, need to maintain an adequate capital level and alternative investment opportunities. In 2005, JPMorgan Chase declared a quarterly cash dividend on its common stock of $0.34 per share. The Firm continues to target a dividend payout ratio of 30-40% of operating earnings over time.

# Stock repurchases

On July 20, 2004, the Board of Directors approved an initial stock repurchase program in the aggregate amount of $6.0 billion. This amount includes shares

to be repurchased to offset issuances under the Firm's employee stock-based plans. The actual amount of shares repurchased is subject to various factors, including market conditions; legal considerations affecting the amount and timing of repurchase activity; the Firm's capital position (taking into account goodwill and intangibles); internal capital generation; and alternative potential investment opportunities. Under the stock repurchase program, during 2005, the Firm repurchased 93.5 million shares for $3.4 billion at an average price per share of $36.46. During 2004, the Firm repurchased 19.3 million shares for $738 million at an average price per share of $38.27. As of December 31, 2005, $1.9 billion of authorized repurchase capacity remained.

The Firm has determined that it may, from time to time, enter into written trading plans under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to facilitate the repurchase of common stock in accordance with the repurchase program. A Rule 10b5-1 repurchase plan would allow the Firm to repurchase shares during periods when it would not otherwise be repurchasing common stock – for example, during internal trading "black- out periods." All purchases under a Rule 10b5-1 plan must be made according to a predefined plan that is established when the Firm is not aware of material nonpublic information.

For additional information regarding repurchases of the Firm's equity securities, see Part II, Item 5, Market for registrant's common equity, related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities, on page 11 of JPMorgan Chase's 2005 Form 10- K.

# Off–balance sheet arrangements and contractual cash obligations

# Special-purpose entities

JPMorgan Chase is involved with several types of off-balance sheet arrangements, including special purpose entities ("SPEs"), lines of credit and loan commitments. The principal uses of SPEs are to obtain sources of liquidity for JPMorgan Chase and its clients by securitizing financial assets, and to create other investment products for clients. These arrangements are an important part of the financial markets, providing market liquidity by facilitating investors' access to specific portfolios of assets and risks. For example, SPEs are integral to the markets for mortgage-backed securities, commercial paper, and other asset-backed securities.

The basic SPE structure involves a company selling assets to the SPE. The SPE funds the purchase of those assets by issuing securities to investors. To insulate investors from creditors of other entities, including the seller of assets, SPEs can be structured to be bankruptcy-remote.

JPMorgan Chase is involved with SPEs in three broad categories: loan securitizations, multi-seller conduits and client intermediation. Capital is held, as deemed appropriate, against all SPE-related transactions and related exposures, such as derivative transactions and lending-related commitments. For a further discussion of SPEs and the Firm's accounting for them, see Note 1 on page 91, Note 13 on pages 108–111 and Note 14 on pages 111–113 of this Annual Report.

The Firm has no commitments to issue its own stock to support any SPE transaction, and its policies require that transactions with SPEs be conducted at arm's length and reflect market pricing. Consistent with this policy, no JPMorgan Chase employee is permitted to invest in SPEs with which the Firm is involved where such investment would violate the Firm's Code of Conduct. These rules prohibit employees from self- dealing and prohibit employees from acting on behalf of the Firm in transactions with which they or their family have any significant financial interest.

For certain liquidity commitments to SPEs, the Firm could be required to provide funding if the credit rating of JPMorgan Chase Bank were downgraded below specific levels, primarily P-1, A-1 and F1 for Moody's, Standard & Poor's and Fitch, respectively. The amount of these liquidity commitments was $71.3 billion and $79.4 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Alternatively, if JPMorgan Chase Bank were downgraded, the Firm could be replaced by another liquidity provider in lieu of providing funding under the liquidity commitment, or, in certain circumstances, could facilitate the sale or refinancing of the assets in the SPE in order to provide liquidity.

Of its $71.3 billion in liquidity commitments to SPEs at December 31, 2005, $38.9 billion was included in the Firm's other unfunded commitments to extend credit and asset purchase agreements, included in the following table. Of the $79.4 billion of liquidity commitments to SPEs at December 31, 2004, $47.7 billion was included in the Firm's other unfunded commitments to extend credit and asset purchase agreements. As a result of the Firm's consolidation of multi-seller conduits in accordance with FIN 46R, $32.4 billion of these commitments, compared with $31.7 billion at December 31, 2004, are excluded from the following table, as the underlying assets of the SPEs have been included on the Firm's Consolidated balance sheets.

The Firm also has exposure to certain SPEs arising from derivative transactions; these transactions are recorded at fair value on the Firm's Consolidated balance sheets with changes in fair value (i.e., MTM gains and losses) recorded in Trading revenue. Such MTM gains and losses are not included in the revenue amounts reported in the table below.

The following table summarizes certain revenue information related to variable interest entities ("VIEs") with which the Firm has significant involvement, and qualifying SPEs ("QSPEs"). The revenue reported in the table below primarily represents servicing and custodial fee income. For a further discussion of VIEs and QSPEs, see Note 1, Note 13 and Note 14, on pages 91, 108–111 and 111–113, respectively, of this Annual Report.

# Revenue from VIEs and QSPEs

| (in millions) | VIEs(b) | QSPEs | Total |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| 2005 | $222 | $ 1,645 | $1,867 |
| 2004 | 154 | 1,438 | 1,592 |
| 2003 | 79 | 979 | 1,058 |

(b) Includes VIE-related revenue (i.e., revenue associated with consolidated and significant nonconsolidated VIEs).

# Off-balance sheet lending-related financial instruments and guarantees

JPMorgan Chase utilizes lending-related financial instruments (e.g., commitments and guarantees) to meet the financing needs of its customers. The contractual amount of these financial instruments represents the maximum possible credit risk should the counterparty draw down the commitment or the Firm fulfill its obligation under the guarantee, and the counterparty subsequently fails to perform according to the terms of the contract. Most of these commitments and guarantees expire without a default occurring or without being drawn. As a result, the total contractual amount of these instruments is not, in the Firm's view, representative of its actual future credit exposure or funding requirements. Further, certain commitments, primarily related to consumer financings, are cancelable, upon notice, at the option of the Firm. For a further

discussion of lending-related commitments and guarantees and the Firm's accounting for them, see Credit risk management on pages 63–72 and Note 27 on pages 124–125 of this Annual Report.

# Contractual cash obligations

In the normal course of business, the Firm enters into various contractual obligations that may require future cash payments. Commitments for future cash expenditures primarily include contracts to purchase future services and capital expenditures related to real estate-related obligations and equipment.

The accompanying table summarizes, by remaining maturity, JPMorgan Chase's off- balance sheet lending-related financial instruments and significant contractual cash obligations at December 31, 2005. Contractual purchases and capital expenditures in the table below reflect the minimum contractual obligation under legally enforceable contracts with contract terms that are both fixed and determinable. Excluded from the following table are a number of obligations to be settled in cash, primarily in under one year. These obligations are reflected on the Firm's Consolidated balance sheets and include Federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements; Other borrowed funds; purchases of Debt and equity instruments; Derivative payables; and certain purchases of instruments that resulted in settlement failures. For a discussion regarding Long-term debt and trust preferred capital securities, see Note 17 on pages 117–118 of this Annual Report. For a discussion regarding operating leases, see Note 25 on page 122 of this Annual Report.

| By remaining maturity at December 31, | Under | 1–3 | 3–5 | Over |  | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions) | 1 year | years | years | 5 years | Total | Total |
| Lending-related |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Consumer | $597,047 | $4,177 | $3,971 | $50,401 | $655,596 | $601,196 |
| Wholesale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Other unfunded commitments to extend credit(a)(b) | 78,912 | 47,930 | 64,244 | 17,383 | 208,469 | 185,822 |
| Asset purchase agreements(c) | 9,501 | 17,785 | 2,947 | 862 | 31,095 | 39,330 |
| Standby letters of credit and guarantees(a)(d) | 24,836 | 19,588 | 27,935 | 4,840 | 77,199 | 78,084 |
| Other letters of credit(a) | 6,128 | 586 | 247 | 40 | 7,001 | 6,163 |
| Total wholesale | 119,377 | 85,889 | 95,373 | 23,125 | 323,764 | 309,399 |
| Total lending-related | $716,424 | $90,066 | $99,344 | $73,526 | $979,360 | $910,595 |
| Other guarantees |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Securities lending guarantees(e) | $244,316 | $— | $— | $— | $244,316 | $220,783 |
| Derivatives qualifying as guarantees(f) | 25,158 | 14,153 | 2,264 | 20,184 | 61,759 | 53,312 |
| Contractual cash obligations |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| By remaining maturity at December 31, (in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Time deposits of $100,000 and over | $111,359 | $2,917 | $805 | $692 | $115,773 | $115,343 |
| Long-term debt | 16,323 | 41,137 | 19,107 | 31,790 | 108,357 | 95,422 |
| Trust preferred capital debt securities | — | — | — | 11,529 | 11,529 | 10,296 |
| FIN 46R long-term beneficial interests(g) | 106 | 80 | 24 | 2,144 | 2,354 | 6,393 |
| Operating leases(h) | 993 | 1,849 | 1,558 | 5,334 | 9,734 | 9,853 |
| Contractual purchases and capital expenditures | 1,145 | 777 | 255 | 147 | 2,324 | 2,742 |
| Obligations under affinity and co-brand programs | 1,164 | 2,032 | 1,891 | 1,790 | 6,877 | 4,402 |
| Other liabilities(i) | 762 | 1,636 | 1,172 | 8,076 | 11,646 | 10,966 |
| Total | $131,852 | $50,428 | $24,812 | $61,502 | $268,594 | $255,417 |
| reportable. |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| (f) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| (i) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. / 2005 Annual Report |  |  |  |  |  | 59 |

(a) Represents contractual amount net of risk participations totaling $29.3 billion and $26.4 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(b) Includes unused advised lines of credit totaling $28.3 billion and $22.8 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, which are not legally binding. In regulatory filings with the FRB, unused advised lines are not      reportable.

(c) The maturity is based upon the weighted average life of the underlying assets in the SPE, primarily multi-seller asset-backed commercial paper conduits.

(d) Includes unused commitments to issue standby letters of credit of $37.5 billion and $38.4 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(e) Collateral held by the Firm in support of securities lending indemnification agreements was $245.0 billion and $221.6 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(f) Represents notional amounts of derivative guarantees. For a further discussion of guarantees, see Note 27 on pages 124–125 of this Annual Report.

(g) Included on the Consolidated balance sheets in Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs.

(h) Excludes benefit of noncancelable sublease rentals of $1.3 billion and $689 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(i) Includes deferred annuity contracts and expected funding for pension and other postretirement benefits for 2006. Funding requirements for pension and postretirement benefits after 2006 are excluded due to the significant variability in the assumptions required to project the timing of future cash payments.

# Risk management

Risk is an inherent part of JPMorgan Chase's business activities. The Firm's risk management framework and governance structure is intended to provide comprehensive controls and ongoing management of the major risks inherent in its business activities.

The Firm's ability to properly identify, measure, monitor and report risk is critical to both soundness and profitability.

• Risk identification: The Firm identifies risk by dynamically assessing the potential impact of internal and external factors on transactions and positions. Business and risk professionals develop appropriate mitigation strategies for the identified risks.

• Risk measurement: The Firm measures risk using a variety of methodologies, including calculating probable loss, unexpected loss and value-at-risk, and by conducting stress tests and making comparisons to external benchmarks. Measurement models and related assumptions are routinely reviewed with the goal of ensuring that the Firm's risk estimates are reasonable and reflective of underlying positions.

• Risk monitoring/Control: The Firm establishes risk management policies and procedures. These policies contain approved limits by customer, product and business that are monitored on a daily, weekly and monthly basis as appropriate.

• Risk reporting: Risk reporting covers all lines of business and is provided to management on a daily, weekly and monthly basis as appropriate.

# Risk governance

The Firm's risk governance structure is built upon the premise that each line of business is responsible for managing the risks inherent in its business activity. There are eight major risk types identified in the business activities

The Board of Directors exercises its oversight of risk management as a whole and through the Board's Risk Policy Committee and Audit Committee.

of the Firm: liquidity risk, credit risk, market risk, interest rate risk, operational risk, legal and reputation risk, fiduciary risk and private equity risk. As part of the risk management structure, each line of business has a Risk Committee responsible for decisions relating to risk strategy, policies and control. Where appropriate, the Risk Committees escalate risk issues to the Firm's Operating Committee, comprised of senior officers of the Firm, or to the Risk Working Group, a subgroup of the Operating Committee.

Overlaying risk management within the lines of business are three corporate functions: Treasury, Risk Management and Office of the General Counsel. Treasury is responsible for measuring, monitoring, reporting and managing the interest rate and liquidity risk profile of the Firm. Risk Management, under the direction of the Chief Risk Officer reporting to the Chief Executive Officer, provides an independent firmwide function of control and management of risk. Within Risk Management are those units responsible for credit risk, market risk, operational risk, private equity risk and risk technology and operations, as well as Risk Management Services, which is responsible for risk policy and methodology, risk reporting and risk education. The Office of the General Counsel has oversight function for legal, reputation and fiduciary risk.

In addition to the six lines of business risk committees and these corporate functions, the Firm maintains an Asset & Liability Committee ("ALCO"), which oversees interest rate and liquidity risk, and capital management, as well as the Firm's funds transfer pricing policy, through which lines of business transfer interest rate risk to Treasury. Treasury has responsibility for ALCO policies and control and transfers aggregate risk positions to the Chief Investment Office, which has responsibility for managing the risk. There is also an Investment Committee, which reviews key aspects of the Firm's global M&A activities that are undertaken for its own investment account and that fall outside the scope of the Firm's private equity and other principal finance activities.

The Risk Policy Committee is responsible for oversight of management's responsibilities to assess and manage the Firm's risks as described above.

The Audit Committee is responsible for oversight of guidelines and policies that govern the process by which risk assessment and management is undertaken. In addition, the Audit Committee reviews with management the system of internal controls and financial reporting that is relied upon to provide reasonable assurance of compliance with the Firm's operational risk management

processes. Both committees are responsible for oversight of reputation risk. The Chief Risk Officer and other management report on the risks of the Firm to the Board of Directors, particularly through the Board's Risk Policy Committee and Audit Committee. The major risk types identified by the Firm are discussed in the following sections.

# Liquidity risk management

Liquidity risk arises from the general funding needs of the Firm's activities and in the management of its assets and liabilities. JPMorgan Chase's liquidity management framework is intended to maximize liquidity access and minimize funding costs. Through active liquidity management, the Firm seeks to preserve stable, reliable and cost- effective sources of funding. This enables the Firm to replace maturing obligations when due and fund assets at appropriate maturities and rates. To accomplish this task, management uses a variety of liquidity risk measures that take into consideration market conditions, prevailing interest rates, liquidity needs and the desired maturity profile of liabilities.

# Governance

The Asset & Liability Committee ("ALCO") reviews the Firm's overall liquidity policy and oversees the contingency funding plan. The ALCO also provides oversight of the Firm's exposure to SPEs, with particular focus on the potential liquidity support requirements that the Firm may have to those SPEs.

Treasury is responsible for formulating the Firm's liquidity strategy and targets, understanding the Firm's on- and off-balance sheet liquidity obligations, providing policy guidance, overseeing policy adherence, and maintaining contingency planning and stress testing. In addition, it identifies and measures internal and external liquidity warning signals to permit early detection of liquidity issues.

An extension of the Firm's ongoing liquidity management is its contingency funding plan. The goals of the plan are to ensure maintenance of appropriate liquidity during normal and stress periods, measure and project funding requirements during periods of stress, and manage access to funding sources. The plan considers temporary and long-term stress scenarios where access to unsecured funding is severely limited or nonexistent. The plan forecasts potential funding needs, taking into account both on- and off-balance sheet exposures, separately evaluating access to funds by the parent holding company and JPMorgan Chase Bank.

The Firm's liquidity risk framework also incorporates tools to monitor three primary measures of liquidity:

• Holding company short-term position: Measures the parent holding company's ability to repay all obligations with a maturity of less than one year at a time when the ability of the Firm's subsidiaries to pay dividends to the parent company is constrained. Holding company short-term position is managed to a positive position over time.

• Cash capital surplus: Measures the Firm's ability to fund assets on a fully collateralized basis, assuming access to unsecured funding is lost. This measurement is intended to ensure that the illiquid portion of the balance sheet can be funded by equity, long-term debt, trust preferred securities and deposits the Firm believes to be core.

• Basic surplus: Measures the Bank's ability to sustain a 90-day stress event that is specific to the Firm where no new funding can be raised to meet obligations as they come due.

Each liquidity position is managed to provide sufficient surplus.

# Risk monitoring and reporting

Treasury is responsible for measuring, monitoring, reporting and managing the liquidity profile of the Firm through both normal and stress periods. Treasury analyzes the diversity and maturity structure of the Firm's sources of funding; and assesses downgrade impact scenarios, contingent funding needs, and overall collateral availability and pledging status. A downgrade analysis considers the impact of both parent and bank level downgrades (one- and two-notch) and calculates the loss of funding and increase in annual funding costs for both scenarios. A trigger-risk funding analysis considers the impact of a bank level downgrade through A-1/P-1 as well as the increased contingent funding requirements that would be triggered. These liquidity analytics rely on management's judgment about JPMorgan Chase's ability to liquidate assets or use them as collateral for borrowings and take into account credit risk management's historical data on the funding of loan commitments (e.g., commercial paper back-up facilities), liquidity commitments to SPEs, commitments with rating triggers and collateral posting requirements. For a further discussion of SPEs and other off-balance sheet arrangements, see Off-balance sheet arrangements and contractual cash obligations on pages 58–59, as well as Note 1, Note 13, Note 14 and Note 27 on pages 91, 108–111, 111–113, and 124–125, respectively, of this Annual Report.

# Funding

# Sources of funds

Consistent with its liquidity management policy, the Firm has raised funds at the parent holding company sufficient to cover its obligations and those of its nonbank subsidiaries that mature over the next 12 months. Long-term funding needs for the parent holding company over the next several quarters are expected to be consistent with prior periods.

As of December 31, 2005, the Firm's liquidity position remained strong based upon its liquidity metrics. JPMorgan Chase's long-dated funding, including core deposits, exceeds illiquid assets, and the Firm believes its obligations can be met even if access to funding is impaired.

The diversity of the Firm's funding sources enhances financial flexibility and limits dependence on any one source, thereby minimizing the cost of funds. The deposits held by the RFS, CB and TSS lines of business are a stable and consistent source of funding for JPMorgan Chase Bank. As of December 31, 2005, total deposits for the Firm were $555 billion, which represented 67% of the Firm's funding liabilities. A significant portion of the Firm's retail deposits are "core" deposits, which are less sensitive to interest rate changes and therefore are considered more stable than market-based deposits. Core

deposits include all U.S. deposits insured by the FDIC, up to the legal limit of $100,000 per depositor. In 2005, core bank deposits increased approximately 8% from 2004 year- end. In addition to core retail deposits, the Firm benefits from substantial, geographically diverse corporate liability balances originated by TSS and CB through the normal course of business. These franchise-generated core liability balances are also a stable and consistent source of funding due to the nature of the businesses from which they are generated. For a further discussion of deposit and liability balance trends, see Business Segment Results and Balance Sheet Analysis on pages 34–35 and 55, respectively, of this Annual Report.

Additional sources of funds include a variety of both short- and long-term instruments, including federal funds purchased, commercial paper, bank notes, medium- and long- term debt, and capital debt securities. This funding is managed centrally, using regional expertise and local market access, to ensure active participation in the global financial markets while maintaining consistent global pricing. These markets serve as a cost- effective and diversified source of funds and are a critical component of the Firm's liquidity management. Decisions concerning the timing and tenor of accessing these markets are based upon relative costs, general market conditions, prospective views of balance sheet growth and a targeted liquidity profile.

Finally, funding flexibility is provided by the Firm's ability to access the repo and asset securitization markets. These markets are evaluated on an ongoing basis to achieve an appropriate balance of secured and unsecured funding. The ability to securitize loans, and the associated gains on those securitizations, are principally dependent upon the credit quality and yields of the assets securitized and are generally not dependent upon the credit ratings of the

issuing entity. Transactions between the Firm and its securitization structures are reflected in JPMorgan Chase's consolidated financial statements; these relationships include retained interests in securitization trusts, liquidity facilities and derivative transactions. For further details, see Off-balance sheet arrangements and contractual cash obligations and Notes 13 and 27 on pages 58–59, 108–111 and 124–125, respectively, of this Annual Report.

# Issuance

Corporate credit spreads widened modestly in 2005 across most industries and sectors. On an historical basis, credit spreads remain near historic tight levels as corporate balance sheet cash positions are strong and corporate profits generally healthy. JPMorgan Chase's credit spreads performed in line with peer spreads in 2005.

Continued strong foreign investor participation in the global corporate markets allowed JPMorgan Chase to identify attractive opportunities globally to further diversify its funding and capital sources while lengthening maturities. During 2005, JPMorgan Chase issued approximately $43.7 billion of long-term debt and capital debt securities. These issuances were offset partially by $26.9 billion of long-term debt and capital debt securities that matured or were redeemed and the Firm's redemption of $200 million of preferred stock. In addition, in 2005 the Firm securitized approximately $18.1 billion of residential mortgage loans, $15.1 billion of credit card loans and $3.8 billion of automobile loans, resulting in pre-tax gains on securitizations of $21 million, $101 million and $9 million, respectively. For a further discussion of loan securitizations, see Note 13 on pages 108–111 of this Annual Report.

# Credit ratings

The credit ratings of JPMorgan Chase's parent holding company and each of its significant banking subsidiaries, as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, were as follows:

|  | Short-term debt | Short-term debt | Short-term debt |  | Senior long-term debt |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
|  | Moody's | S&amp;P | Fitch | Moody's | S&amp;P | Fitch |
| JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. | P-1 | A-1 | F1 | Aa3 | A+ | A+ |
| JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | P-1 | A-1+ | F1+ | Aa2 | AA- | A+ |
| Chase Bank USA, N.A. | P-1 | A-1+ | F1+ | Aa2 | AA- | A+ |

The Firm's principal insurance subsidiaries had the following financial strength ratings as of December 31, 2005:

The cost and availability of unsecured financing are influenced by credit ratings. A reduction in these ratings could adversely affect the Firm's access to liquidity sources, increase the cost of funds, trigger additional collateral requirements and decrease the number of investors and counterparties willing to lend. Critical factors in maintaining high credit ratings include a stable and diverse

earnings stream, strong capital ratios, strong credit quality and risk management controls, diverse funding sources and strong liquidity monitoring procedures.

If the Firm's ratings were downgraded by one notch, the Firm estimates the incremental cost of funds and the potential loss of funding to be negligible. Additionally, the Firm estimates the additional funding requirements for VIEs and other third-party commitments would not be material. In the current environment, the Firm believes a downgrade is unlikely. For additional information on the impact of a credit ratings downgrade on the funding requirements for VIEs, and on derivatives and collateral agreements, see Special-purpose entities on pages 58–59 and Ratings profile of derivative receivables mark-to-market ("MTM") on page 69, of this Annual Report.

# Credit risk management

Credit risk is the risk of loss from obligor or counterparty default. The Firm provides credit to customers of all sizes, from large corporate clients to loans for the individual consumer. The Firm manages the risk/reward relationship of each portfolio and discourages the retention of loan assets that do not generate a positive return above the cost of risk-adjusted capital. The majority of the Firm's wholesale loan originations (primarily to IB clients) continues to be distributed into the marketplace, with residual holds by the Firm averaging less than 10%. Wholesale loans generated by CB and AWM are generally retained on the balance sheet. With regard to the prime consumer credit market, the Firm focuses on creating a portfolio that is diversified from both a product and a geographical perspective. Within the prime mortgage business, originated loans are retained on the balance sheet as well as selectively sold to government agencies; the latter category is routinely classified as held-for-sale.

# Credit risk organization

Credit risk management is overseen by the Chief Risk Officer, a member of the Firm's Operating Committee. The Firm's credit risk management governance structure consists of the following primary functions:

• establishes a comprehensive credit risk policy framework

• calculates Allowance for credit losses and ensures appropriate credit risk-based capital management

• assigns and manages credit authorities to approve all credit exposure • monitors and manages credit risk across all portfolio segments • manages criticized exposures

# Risk identification

The Firm is exposed to credit risk through lending (e.g., loans and lending-related commitments), derivatives trading and capital markets activities. The credit risk function works in partnership with the business segments in identifying and aggregating exposure across all lines of business.

# Risk measurement

To measure credit risk, the Firm employs several methodologies for estimating the likelihood of obligor or counterparty default. Losses generated by consumer loans are more predictable than wholesale losses, but are subject to cyclical and seasonal factors. Although the frequency of loss is higher on consumer loans than on wholesale loans, the severity of loss is typically lower and more manageable. As a result of these differences, methodologies vary depending on certain factors, including type of asset (e.g., consumer installment versus wholesale loan), risk measurement parameters (e.g., delinquency status and credit bureau score versus wholesale risk rating) and risk management and collection processes (e.g., retail collection center versus centrally managed workout groups). Credit risk measurement is based upon the amount of exposure should the obligor or the counterparty default, the probability of default and the loss severity given a default event. Based upon these factors and related market-based inputs, the Firm estimates both probable and unexpected losses for the wholesale and consumer portfolios. Probable losses, reflected in the Provision for credit losses, are generally statistically-based estimates of credit losses over time, anticipated as a result of obligor or counterparty default. However, probable losses are not the sole indicators of risk. If losses were entirely predictable, the probable loss rate could be factored into pricing and covered as a normal and recurring cost of doing business. Unexpected losses, reflected in the allocation of credit risk capital, represent the potential volatility of actual losses relative to the probable level of losses. (Refer to Capital management on pages 56–58 of this Annual Report for a further discussion of the credit risk capital methodology.) Risk measurement for the wholesale portfolio is assessed primarily on a risk-rated basis; for the consumer portfolio, it is assessed primarily on a credit-scored basis.

# Risk-rated exposure

For portfolios that are risk-rated, probable and unexpected loss calculations are based upon estimates of probability of default and loss given default. Probability of default is expected default calculated on an obligor basis. Loss given default is an estimate of losses that are based upon collateral and structural support for each credit facility. Calculations and assumptions are based upon management information systems and methodologies which are under continual review. Risk ratings are assigned and reviewed on an ongoing basis by Credit Risk Management and revised, if needed, to reflect the borrowers' current risk profiles and the related collateral and structural positions.

# Credit-scored exposure

For credit-scored portfolios (generally held in RFS and CS), probable loss is based upon a statistical analysis of inherent losses over discrete periods of time. Probable losses are estimated using sophisticated portfolio modeling, credit scoring and decision- support tools to project credit risks and establish underwriting standards. In addition, common measures of credit quality derived from historical loss experience are used to predict consumer losses. Other risk characteristics evaluated include recent loss experience in the portfolios, changes in origination sources, portfolio seasoning, loss severity and underlying credit practices, including charge-off policies. These analyses are applied to the Firm's current portfolios in order to forecast delinquencies and severity of losses, which determine the amount of probable losses. These factors and analyses are updated on a quarterly basis.

# Risk monitoring

The Firm has developed policies and practices that are designed to preserve the independence and integrity of decision-making and ensure credit risks are accurately assessed, properly approved, continually monitored and actively managed at both the transaction and portfolio levels. The policy framework establishes credit approval authorities, concentration limits, risk-rating methodologies, portfolio-review parameters and problem-loan management. Wholesale credit risk is continually monitored on both an aggregate portfolio level and on an individual customer basis. For consumer credit risk, the key focus items are trends and concentrations at the portfolio level, where potential problems can be remedied through changes in underwriting policies and portfolio guidelines. Consumer Credit Risk Management monitors trends against business expectations and industry benchmarks. In order to meet credit risk management objectives, the Firm seeks to maintain a risk profile that is diverse in terms of borrower, product type, industry and geographic concentration. Additional diversification of the Firm's exposure is accomplished through loan syndication and participations, loan sales, securitizations, credit derivatives and other risk-reduction techniques.

# Risk reporting

To enable monitoring of credit risk and decision-making, aggregate credit exposure, credit metric forecasts, hold-limit exceptions and risk profile changes are reported regularly to senior credit risk management. Detailed portfolio reporting of industry, customer and geographic concentrations occurs monthly, and the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses is reviewed by senior management at least on a quarterly basis. Through the risk reporting and governance structure, credit risk trends and limit exceptions are provided regularly to, and discussed with, the Operating Committee.

# 2005 Credit risk overview

The wholesale portfolio experienced continued credit strength during 2005. Wholesale nonperforming loans were down by $582 million, or 37%, from 2004; net recoveries were $77 million compared with net charge-offs of

$186 million in 2004; and the allowance for credit losses decreased by $740 million, or 21%, reflecting the quality of the portfolio at this time. The Firm anticipates a return to more normal provisioning for credit losses for the wholesale portfolio in 2006. In 2005, the Firm also made significant strides in the multi-year initiative to reengineer specific components of the wholesale credit risk infrastructure. The Firm is on target to meet the goals of enhancing the timeliness and accuracy of risk and exposure information and reporting; management of credit risk in the retained portfolio; support of client relationships; allocation of economic capital and compliance with Basel II initiatives.

Consumer credit was impacted in 2005 by two significant events, Hurricane Katrina and federal bankruptcy reform legislation. Hurricane Katrina impacted customers across all consumer businesses (and to a lesser extent CB and AWM). As a result, the consumer Allowance for loan losses was increased by $350 million ($250 million in RFS, and $100 million in CS). It is anticipated that the majority of charge-offs associated with the hurricane will be taken against the allowance in 2006. Bankruptcy reform legislation became effective on October 17, 2005. This legislation prompted a "rush to file" effect that resulted in a spike in bankruptcy filings and increased credit losses, predominantly in CS, where it is believed that $575 million

in estimated bankruptcy legislation-related credit losses occurred in the fourth quarter of 2005. It is anticipated that the first half of 2006 will experience lower credit card net charge-offs, as the record levels of bankruptcy filings in the 2005 fourth quarter are believed to have included bankruptcy filings that would have occurred in 2006. With the exception of the events noted above, the 2005 underlying credit performance, which was driven by favorable loss severity performance in residential real estate, continued to be strong. CS continues to quantify and refine the impact associated with changes in the FFIEC minimum-payment requirements. Actual implementation of the new payment requirements began in late 2005 and will run through early 2006; CS anticipates higher net charge-offs during the second half of 2006 as a result.

In 2005, the Firm continued to grow the consumer loan portfolio, focusing on businesses providing the most appropriate risk/reward relationship while keeping within the Firm's desired risk tolerance. During the past year, the Firm continued a de-emphasis of vehicle leasing and sold its $2 billion recreational vehicle portfolio. Continued growth in most core consumer lending products (residential real estate, credit cards and small business) reflected a focus on the prime credit quality segment of the market.

# Credit portfolio

The following table presents JPMorgan Chase's credit portfolio as of December 31, 2005 and 2004. Total credit exposure at December 31, 2005, increased by $67 billion from December 31, 2004, reflecting an increase of $11 billion in the wholesale credit portfolio and $56 billion in the consumer credit portfolio. The significant majority of the consumer portfolio increase,

or $54 billion, was primarily from growth in lending-related commitments. In the table below, reported loans include all HFS loans, which are carried at the lower of cost or fair value with changes in value recorded in Other income. However, these HFS loans are excluded from the average loan balances used for the net charge-off rate calculations.

# Total credit portfolio

|  |  |  | Nonperforming |  |  |  | Average annual |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| As of or for the year ended December 31, | Credit exposure | Credit exposure | assets(i) | assets(i) | Net charge-offs | Net charge-offs | net charge-off rate(k) | net charge-off rate(k) |
| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004(h) | 2005 | 2004(h) |
| Total credit portfolio |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Loans – reported(a) | $419,148 | $402,114 | $2,343(j) | $2,743(j) | $3,819 | $3,099 | 1.00% | 1.08% |
| Loans – securitized(b) | 70,527 | 70,795 | — | — | 3,776 | 2,898 | 5.47 | 5.51 |
| Total managed loans(c) | 489,675 | 472,909 | 2,343 | 2,743 | 7,595 | 5,997 | 1.68 | 1.76 |
| Derivative receivables(d) | 49,787 | 65,982 | 50 | 241 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Interests in purchased receivables | 29,740 | 31,722 | — | — | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Total managed credit-related assets | 569,202 | 570,613 | 2,393 | 2,984 | 7,595 | 5,997 | 1.68 | 1.76 |
| Lending-related commitments(e) | 979,360 | 910,595 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Assets acquired in loan satisfactions | NA | NA | 197 | 247 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Total credit portfolio | $ 1,548,562 | $ 1,481,208 | $2,590 | $3,231 | $7,595 | $5,997 | 1.68% | 1.76% |
| Credit derivative hedges notional(f) | $(29,882) | $(37,200) | $(17) | $(15) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Collateral held against derivatives | (6,000) | (9,301) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Held-for-sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total average HFS loans | $27,689 | $20,860(h) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Nonperforming – purchased(g) | 341 | 351 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |

(a) Loans are presented net of unearned income of $3.0 billion and $4.1 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(b) Represents securitized credit card receivables. For a further discussion of credit card securitizations, see Card Services on pages 45–46 of this Annual Report.

(c) Past-due 90 days and over and accruing include loans of $1.1 billion and $998 million, and related credit card securitizations of $730 million and $1.3 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(d) Reflects net cash received under credit support annexes to legally enforceable master netting agreements of $27 billion and $32 billion as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(e) Includes wholesale unused advised lines of credit totaling $28.3 billion and $22.8 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, which are not legally binding. In regulatory filings with the Federal Reserve Board,

unused advised lines are not reportable. Credit card lending-related commitments of $579 billion and $532 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, represents the total available credit to its cardholders; however, the Firm can reduce or cancel these commitments at any time as permitted by law.

(f) Represents the net notional amount of protection purchased and sold of single-name and portfolio credit derivatives used to manage the credit risk of credit exposures; these derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS 133.

(g) Represents distressed HFS wholesale loans purchased as part of IB's proprietary activities, which are excluded from nonperforming assets.

(h) Includes six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

(i) Includes nonperforming HFS loans of $136 million and $15 million as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(j) Excludes nonperforming assets related to loans eligible for repurchase as well as loans repurchased from GNMA pools that are insured by government agencies of $1.1 billion and $1.5 billion for December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. These amounts are excluded, as reimbursement is proceeding normally.

(k) Net charge-off rates exclude average loans HFS.

# Wholesale credit portfolio

As of December 31, 2005, wholesale exposure (IB, CB, TSS and AWM) increased by $11 billion from December 31, 2004. Increases in Loans and lending-related commitments were offset partially by reductions in Derivative receivables and Interests in purchased receivables. As described on pages 36–37 of this Annual Report, the increase in Loans was primarily in the IB,

reflecting an increase in loans held-for-sale related to securitization and syndication activities and growth in the IB credit portfolio. The increase in lending-related commitments was mostly due to CB activity. The decrease in Derivative receivables was due primarily to the appreciation of the U.S. dollar and higher interest rates, partially offset by rising commodity prices.

| Wholesale |  |  | Nonperforming |  |  |  | Average annual |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| As of or for the year ended December 31, | Credit exposure | Credit exposure | assets(g) |  | Net charge-offs | Net charge-offs | net charge-off rate(i) | net charge-off rate(i) |
| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004(f) | 2005 | 2004(f) |
| Loans – reported(a) | $150,111 | $135,067 | $992 | $1,574 | $(77) | $186 | (0.06)% | 0.18% |
| Derivative receivables(b) | 49,787 | 65,982 | 50 | 241 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Interests in purchased receivables | 29,740 | 31,722 | — | — | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Total wholesale credit-related assets | 229,638 | 232,771 | 1,042 | 1,815 | (77) | 186 | (0.06) | 0.18 |
| Lending-related commitments(c) | 323,764 | 309,399 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Assets acquired in loan satisfactions | NA | NA | 17 | 23 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Total wholesale credit exposure | $553,402 | $542,170 | $1,059 | $1,838 | $(77)(h) | $186 | (0.06)% | 0.18% |
| Credit derivative hedges notional(d) | $(29,882) | $(37,200) | $(17) | $(15) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Collateral held against derivatives | (6,000) | (9,301) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Held-for-sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total average HFS loans | $12,014 | $6,124(f) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Nonperforming – purchased(e) | 341 | 351 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |

(a) Past-due 90 days and over and accruing include loans of $50 million and $8 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(b) Reflects net cash received under credit support annexes to legally enforceable master netting agreements of $27 billion and $32 billion as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(c) Includes unused advised lines of credit totaling $28.3 billion and $22.8 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, which are not legally binding. In regulatory filings with the Federal Reserve Board, unused advised lines are not reportable.

(d) Represents the net notional amount of protection purchased and sold of single-name and portfolio credit derivatives used to manage the credit risk of credit exposures; these derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS 133.

(e) Represents distressed HFS loans purchased as part of IB's proprietary activities, which are excluded from nonperforming assets.

(f) Includes six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

(g) Includes nonperforming HFS loans of $109 million and $2 million as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(h) Excludes $67 million in gains on sales of nonperforming loans in 2005; for additional information, see page 67 of this Annual Report.

(i) Net charge-off rates exclude average loans HFS.

Below are summaries of the maturity and ratings profiles of the wholesale portfolio as of December 31, 2005 and 2004. The ratings scale is based upon the Firm's internal risk ratings and is presented on an S&P-equivalent basis.

(a) HFS loans primarily relate to securitization and syndication activities.

(b) Ratings are based upon the underlying referenced assets.

(c) The maturity profile of Loans and lending-related commitments is based upon the remaining contractual maturity. The maturity profile of Derivative receivables is based upon the maturity profile of Average exposure. See page 68 of this Annual Report for a further discussion of Average exposure.

(d) Excludes HFS loans.

At December 31, 2005, the percentage of the investment-grade wholesale exposure, excluding HFS, remained relatively unchanged from December 31, 2004. Derivative receivables of less than one year decreased as a result of the appreciation of the U.S. dollar on short-dated foreign exchange ("FX") contracts. The percentage of derivative exposure greater than 5 years increased from 42% to 56% at year-end 2005, primarily as a result of the reduction in shorter-dated exposure.

# Wholesale credit exposure – selected industry concentration

The Firm continues to focus on the management and diversification of industry concentrations, with particular attention paid to industries with actual or potential credit concerns. As of December 31, 2005, the top 10 industries remained predominantly unchanged from year-end 2004, with the exception of Oil and gas, which replaced Media. Below are summaries of the top 10 industry concentrations as of December 31, 2005 and 2004.

|  |  |  |  | Noninvestment-grade | Noninvestment-grade |  |  | held against |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| As of December 31, 2005\n(in millions, except ratios) | Credit\nexposure | (d) | Investment\ngrade | Noncriticized | Criticized | Net charge-offs/\n(recoveries) | Credit\nderivative hedges(e) | derivative\nreceivables (d) |
| Top 10 industries(a) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Banks and finance companies | $53,579 |  | 88% | $6,462 | $232 | $(16) | $(9,490) | $(1,482) |
| Real estate | 29,974 |  | 55 | 13,226 | 276 | — | (560) | (2) |
| Consumer products | 25,678 |  | 71 | 6,791 | 590 | 2 | (927) | (28) |
| Healthcare | 25,435 |  | 79 | 4,977 | 243 | 12 | (581) | (7) |
| State and municipal governments(b) | 25,328 |  | 98 | 409 | 40 | — | (597) | (1) |
| Utilities | 20,482 |  | 90 | 1,841 | 295 | (4) | (1,624) | — |
| Retail and consumer services (b) | 19,920 |  | 75 | 4,654 | 288 | 12 | (989) | (5) |
| Oil and gas | 18,200 |  | 77 | 4,267 | 9 | — | (1,007) | — |
| Asset managers | 17,358 |  | 82 | 2,949 | 103 | (1) | (25) | (954) |
| Securities firms and exchanges | 17,094 |  | 89 | 1,833 | 15 | — | (2,009) | (1,525) |
| All other | 282,802 |  | 82 | 47,966 | 3,081 | (82) | (12,073) | (1,996) |
| Total excluding HFS | $535,850 |  | 81% | $95,375 | $5,172 | $(77) | $(29,882) | $(6,000) |
| Held-for-sale(c) | 17,552 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total exposure | $553,402 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Collateral |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
|  |  |  |  | Noninvestment-grade | Noninvestment-grade |  |  | held against |
| As of December 31, 2004\n(in millions, except ratios) | Credit\nexposure | (d) | Investment\ngrade | Noncriticized | Criticized | Net charge-offs/\n(recoveries) | Credit\nderivative hedges(e) | derivative\nreceivables (d) |
| Top 10 industries(a) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Banks and finance companies | $55,840 |  | 90% | $5,348 | $187 | $6 | $(11,695) | $(3,464) |
| Real estate | 25,761 |  | 62 | 9,036 | 765 | 9 | (800) | (45) |
| Consumer products | 21,251 |  | 68 | 6,267 | 479 | 85 | (1,189) | (50) |
| Healthcare | 21,890 |  | 79 | 4,321 | 249 | 1 | (741) | (13) |
| State and municipal governments | 19,728 |  | 97 | 592 | 14 | — | (394) | (18) |
| Utilities | 21,132 |  | 85 | 2,316 | 890 | 63 | (2,247) | (27) |
| Retail and consumer services | 21,573 |  | 76 | 4,815 | 393 | — | (1,767) | (42) |
| Oil and gas | 14,420 |  | 81 | 2,713 | 51 | 9 | (1,282) | (26) |
| Asset managers | 20,199 |  | 79 | 4,192 | 115 | (15) | (80) | (655) |
| Securities firms and exchanges | 18,034 |  | 88 | 2,218 | 17 | 1 | (1,398) | (2,068) |
| All other | 295,902 |  | 82 | 48,150 | 5,122 | 27 | (15,607) | (2,893) |
| Total excluding HFS | $535,730 |  | 82% | $89,968 | $8,282 | $186 | $(37,200) | $(9,301) |
| Held-for-sale(c) | 6,440 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total exposure | $542,170 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(a) Based upon December 31, 2005, determination of Top 10 industries.

(b) During the second quarter of 2005, the Firm revised its industry classification for educational institutions to better reflect risk correlations and enhance the Firm's management of industry risk, resulting in an increase to State and municipal governments and a decrease to Retail and consumer services.

(c) HFS loans primarily relate to securitization and syndication activities.

(d) Credit exposure is net of risk participations and excludes the benefit of credit derivative hedges and collateral held against derivative receivables or loans. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, collateral held against derivative receivables excludes $27 billion and $32 billion, respectively, of cash collateral as a result of the Firm electing to report the fair value of derivative assets and liabilities net of cash received and paid, respectively, under legally enforceable master netting agreements.

(e) Represents notional amounts only; these credit derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS 133.

# Wholesale criticized exposure

Exposures deemed criticized generally represent a ratings profile similar to a rating of CCC+/Caa1 and lower, as defined by Standard & Poor's/Moody's. The criticized component of the portfolio decreased to $5.2 billion (excluding HFS) at December 31, 2005, from $8.3 billion at year-end 2004, reflecting strong credit quality, refinancings and gross charge-offs. Also contributing to the decline was a refinement in methodology in the first quarter of 2005 to align the ratings methodologies of the heritage firms.

At December 31, 2005, Automotive, Telecom services and Retail and consumer services moved into the top 10 of wholesale criticized exposure, replacing Chemicals/plastics, Business services and Metals/mining industries.

# Wholesale nonperforming assets

Wholesale nonperforming assets (excluding purchased held-for-sale wholesale loans) decreased by $779 million from $1.8 billion at December 31, 2004, as a result of loan sales, repayments and gross charge-offs. For full year 2005, wholesale net recoveries were $77 million compared with net charge-offs of $186 million in 2004, primarily due to lower gross charge-offs. The net recovery rate for full year 2005 was 0.06% compared with a net charge-off rate of 0.18% for the prior year. Net charge-offs do not include $67 million of gains from sales of nonperforming loans that were sold during 2005 to a counter-party other than the original borrower. When it is determined that a loan will be sold it is transferred into a held-for-sale account. Held-for-sale loans are accounted for at lower of cost or fair value, with changes in value recorded in other revenue.

# Wholesale criticized exposure – industry concentrations

|  | 2005 | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| As of December 31,\n(in millions) | Credit\nexposure | % of\nportfolio | Credit\nexposure | % of\nportfolio |
| Media | $684 | 13.2% | $509 | 6.1% |
| Automotive | 643 | 12.4 | 359 | 4.4 |
| Consumer products | 590 | 11.4 | 479 | 5.8 |
| Telecom services | 430 | 8.3 | 275 | 3.3 |
| Airlines | 333 | 6.5 | 450 | 5.4 |
| Utilities | 295 | 5.7 | 890 | 10.7 |
| Machinery and equipment manufacturing | 290 | 5.6 | 459 | 5.6 |
| Retail and consumer services | 288 | 5.6 | 393 | 4.8 |
| Real estate | 276 | 5.4 | 765 | 9.2 |
| Building materials/construction | 266 | 5.1 | 430 | 5.2 |
| All other | 1,077 | 20.8 | 3,273 | 39.5 |
| Total excluding HFS | $5,172 | 100.0% | $8,282 | 100.0% |
| Held-for-sale(a) | 1,069 |  | 2 |  |
| Total | $6,241 |  | $8,284 |  |

(a)   HFS loans primarily relate to securitization and syndication activities; excludes purchased nonperforming HFS loans.

# Wholesale selected industry discussion

Presented below is a discussion of several industries to which the Firm has significant exposure and which it continues to monitor because of actual or potential credit concerns. For additional information, refer to the tables above and on the preceding page.

• Banks and finance companies: This industry group, primarily consisting of exposure to commercial banks, is the largest segment of the Firm's wholesale credit portfolio. Credit quality is high, as 88% of the exposure in this category is rated investment-grade.

• Real estate: This industry, the second largest segment of the Firm's wholesale credit portfolio, grew modestly in 2005, as the portfolio continued to benefit from relatively low interest rates, high liquidity and increased capital demand. The exposure is well- diversified by client, transaction type, geography and property type.

• Oil and gas: During 2005, exposure to this industry group increased as a result of the rise in oil and gas prices; derivative receivables MTM increased on contracts that were executed at lower price levels. In addition, the Firm extended shorter term loans that were expected to be refinanced through capital market transactions and further syndications.

• Media: Criticized exposures within Media increased in 2005, and this industry now represents the largest percentage of the total criticized portfolio. The increase was attributable primarily to the extension of short-term financings to select borrowers. The remaining Media portfolio is stable, with the majority of the exposure rated investment-grade.

• Automotive: In 2005, Automotive original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") and suppliers based in North America were negatively affected by a challenging operating environment. As a result, criticized exposures to the Automotive industry grew, primarily as a result of downgrades to select names within the portfolio. However, though larger in the aggregate, most of the criticized exposure remains undrawn and performing.

• All other: All other in the wholesale credit exposure concentration table at December 31, 2005, excluding HFS, included $283 billion of credit exposure to 21 industry segments. Exposures related to SPEs and high-net-worth individuals totaled 45% of this category. SPEs provide secured financing (generally backed by receivables, loans or bonds on a bankruptcy-remote, non-recourse or limited- recourse basis) originated by companies in a diverse group of industries that are not highly correlated. The remaining All other exposure is well diversified across other industries; none comprise more than 3% of total exposure.

# Derivative contracts

In the normal course of business, the Firm utilizes derivative instruments to meet the needs of customers, to generate revenues through trading activities, to manage exposure to fluctuations in interest rates, currencies and other markets and to manage its own credit risk. The Firm uses the same credit risk management procedures as those used for its traditional lending activities to assess and approve potential credit exposures when entering into derivative transactions.

The following table summarizes the aggregate notional amounts and the reported derivative receivables (i.e., the MTM or fair value of the derivative contracts after taking into account the effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements) at each of the dates indicated:

# Notional amounts and derivative receivables marked to market ("MTM")

| As of December 31, | Notional amounts(a) | Notional amounts(a) | Derivative receivables MTM | Derivative receivables MTM |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in billions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 |
| Interest rate | $38,493 | $37,022 | $30 | $46 |
| Foreign exchange | 2,136 | 1,886 | 3 | 8 |
| Equity | 458 | 434 | 6 | 6 |
| Credit derivatives | 2,241 | 1,071 | 4 | 3 |
| Commodity | 265 | 101 | 7 | 3 |
| Total | $43,593 | $40,514 | 50 | 66 |
| Collateral held against derivative receivables | NA | NA | (6) | (9) |
| Exposure net of collateral | NA | NA | $44(b) | $57(c) |

(a) The notional amounts represent the gross sum of long and short third-party notional derivative contracts, excluding written options and foreign exchange spot contracts, which significantly exceed the possible credit losses that could arise from such transactions. For most derivative transactions, the notional principal amount does not change hands; it is used simply as a reference to calculate payments.

(b) The Firm held $33 billion of collateral against derivative receivables as of December 31, 2005, consisting of $27 billion in net cash received under credit support annexes to legally enforceable master netting agreements, and $6 billion of other liquid securities collateral. The benefit of the $27 billion is reflected within the $50 billion of derivative receivables MTM. Excluded from the $33 billion of collateral is $10 billion of collateral delivered by clients at the initiation of transactions; this collateral secures exposure that could arise in the derivatives portfolio should the MTM of the client's transactions move in the Firm's favor. Also excluded are credit enhancements in the form of letters of credit and surety receivables.

(c) The Firm held $41 billion of collateral against derivative receivables as of December 31, 2004, consisting of $32 billion in net cash received under credit support annexes to legally enforceable master netting agreements, and $9 billion of other liquid securities collateral. The benefit of the $32 billion is reflected within the $66 billion of derivative receivables MTM. Excluded from the $41 billion of collateral is $10 billion of collateral delivered by clients at the initiation of transactions; this collateral secures exposure that could arise in the derivatives portfolio should the MTM of the client's transactions move in the Firm's favor. Also excluded are credit enhancements in the form of letters of credit and surety receivables.

The MTM of derivative receivables contracts represents the cost to replace the contracts at current market rates should the counterparty default. When JPMorgan Chase has more than one transaction outstanding with a counter-party, and a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists with that counterparty, the netted MTM exposure, less collateral held, represents, in the Firm's view, the appropriate measure of current credit risk.

While useful as a current view of credit exposure, the net MTM value of the derivative receivables does not capture the potential future variability of that credit exposure. To capture the potential future variability of credit exposure, the Firm calculates, on a client- by-client basis, three measures of potential derivatives-related credit loss: Peak, Derivative Risk Equivalent ("DRE") and Average exposure ("AVG"). These measures all incorporate netting and collateral benefits, where applicable.

Peak exposure to a counterparty is an extreme measure of exposure calculated at a 97.5% confidence level. However, the total potential future credit risk embedded in the Firm's derivatives portfolio is not the simple sum of all Peak client credit risks. This is because, at the portfolio level, credit risk is reduced by the fact that when offsetting transactions are done with separate counterparties, only one of the two trades can generate a credit loss, even if both counterparties were to default simultaneously. The Firm refers to this effect as market diversification, and the Market-Diversified Peak ("MDP") measure is a portfolio aggregation of counterparty Peak measures, representing the maximum losses at the 97.5% confidence level that would occur if all counterparties defaulted under any one given market scenario and time frame.

Derivative Risk Equivalent ("DRE") exposure is a measure that expresses the riskiness of derivative exposure on a basis intended to be equivalent to the riskiness of loan exposures. The measurement is done by equating the unexpected loss in a derivative counterparty exposure (which takes into consideration both the loss volatility and the credit rating of the counterparty) with the unexpected loss in a loan exposure (which takes into consideration only the credit rating of the counterparty). DRE is a less extreme measure of

potential credit loss than Peak and is the primary measure used by the Firm for credit approval of derivative transactions.

Finally, Average exposure ("AVG") is a measure of the expected MTM value of the Firm's derivative receivables at future time periods, including the benefit of collateral. AVG exposure over the total life of the derivative contract is used as the primary metric for pricing purposes and is used to calculate credit capital and the Credit Valuation Adjustment ("CVA"), as further described below. Average exposure was $36 billion and $38 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, compared with derivative receivables MTM net of other highly liquid collateral of $44 billion and $57 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

The graph below shows exposure profiles to derivatives over the next 10 years as calculated by the MDP, DRE and AVG metrics. All three measures generally show declining exposure after the first year, if no new trades were added to the portfolio.

# Exposure profile of derivatives measures

(in billions)

The MTM value of the Firm's derivative receivables incorporates an adjustment, the CVA, to reflect the credit quality of counterparties. The CVA is based upon the Firm's AVG exposure to a counterparty and the counterparty's credit spread in the credit derivatives market. The primary components of changes in CVA are credit spreads, new deal activity or unwinds, and changes in the underlying market environment. The Firm believes that active risk management

is essential to controlling the dynamic credit risk in the derivatives portfolio. The Firm risk manages exposure to changes in CVA by entering into credit derivative transactions, as well as interest rate, foreign exchange, equity and commodity derivative transactions. The MTM value of the Firm's derivative payables does not incorporate a valuation adjustment to reflect JPMorgan Chase's credit quality.

The following table summarizes the ratings profile of the Firm's Consolidated balance sheets Derivative receivables MTM, net of cash and other liquid securities collateral, for the dates indicated:

# Ratings profile of derivative receivables MTM

| Rating equivalent | 2005 | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31,\n(in millions) | Exposure net\nof collateral(a) | % of exposure\nnet of collateral | Exposure net\nof collateral(b) | % of exposure\nnet of collateral |
| AAA to AA- | $20,735 | 48% | $30,384 | 53% |
| A+ to A- | 8,074 | 18 | 9,109 | 16 |
| BBB+ to BBB- | 8,243 | 19 | 9,522 | 17 |
| BB+ to B- | 6,580 | 15 | 7,271 | 13 |
| CCC+ and below | 155 | — | 395 | 1 |
| Total | $43,787 | 100% | $56,681 | 100% |

(a) The Firm held $33 billion of collateral against derivative receivables as of December 31, 2005, consisting of $27 billion in net cash received under credit support annexes to legally enforceable master netting agreements, and $6 billion of other liquid securities collateral. The benefit of the $27 billion is reflected within the $50 billion of derivative receivables MTM. Excluded from the $33 billion of collateral is $10 billion of collateral delivered by clients at the initiation of transactions; this collateral secures exposure that could arise in the derivatives portfolio should the MTM of the client's transactions move in the Firm's favor. Also excluded are credit enhancements in the form of letters of credit and surety receivables.

(b) The Firm held $41 billion of collateral against derivative receivables as of December 31, 2004, consisting of $32 billion in net cash received under credit support annexes to legally enforceable master netting agreements, and $9 billion of other liquid securities collateral. The benefit of the $32 billion is reflected within the $66 billion of derivative receivables MTM. Excluded from the $41 billion of collateral is $10 billion of collateral delivered by clients at the initiation of transactions; this collateral secures exposure that could arise in the derivatives portfolio should the MTM of the client's transactions move in the Firm's favor. Also excluded are credit enhancements in the form of letters of credit and surety receivables.

The Firm actively pursues the use of collateral agreements to mitigate counterparty credit risk in derivatives. The percentage of the Firm's derivatives transactions subject to collateral agreements increased slightly, to 81% as of December 31, 2005, from 79% at December 31, 2004. The Firm posted $27 billion and $31 billion of collateral as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Certain derivative and collateral agreements include provisions that require the counterparty and/or the Firm, upon specified downgrades in their respective credit ratings, to post collateral for the benefit of the other party. As of December 31, 2005, the impact of a single-notch ratings downgrade to JPMorgan Chase Bank, from its current rating of AA- to A+, would have been an additional $1.4 billion of collateral posted by the Firm; the impact of a six-notch ratings downgrade (from AA- to BBB-) would have been $3.8 billion of additional collateral. Certain derivative contracts also provide for termination of the contract, generally upon a downgrade of either the Firm or the counterparty, at the then-existing MTM value of the derivative contracts.

# Credit derivatives

The following table presents the Firm's notional amounts of credit derivatives protection purchased and sold by the respective businesses as of December 31, 2005 and 2004:

# Credit derivatives positions

(a) Includes $848 million and $2 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, of portfolio credit derivatives.

In managing wholesale credit exposure, the Firm purchases single-name and portfolio credit derivatives; this activity does not reduce the reported level of assets on the balance sheet or the level of reported off-balance sheet commitments. The Firm also diversifies exposures by providing (i.e., selling) credit protection, which increases exposure to industries or clients where the Firm has little or no client-related exposure. This activity is not material to the Firm's overall credit exposure.

JPMorgan Chase has limited counterparty exposure as a result of credit derivatives transactions. Of the $50 billion of total Derivative receivables at December 31, 2005, approximately $4 billion, or 8%, was associated with credit derivatives, before the benefit of liquid securities collateral.

# Dealer/client

At December 31, 2005, the total notional amount of protection purchased and sold in the dealer/client business increased $1.2 trillion from year-end 2004 as a result of increased trade volume in the market. This business has a mismatch between the total notional amounts of protection purchased and sold. However, in the Firm's view, the risk positions are largely matched when securities used to risk manage certain derivative positions are taken into consideration and the notional amounts are adjusted to a duration-based equivalent basis or to reflect different degrees of subordination in tranched structures.

# Use of single-name and portfolio credit derivatives

| December 31, | Notional amount of protection purchased | Notional amount of protection purchased |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| Credit derivatives used to manage: |  |  |
| Loans and lending-related commitments | $18,926 | $25,002 |
| Derivative receivables | 12,088 | 12,235 |
| Total | $31,014 | $37,237 |

# Credit portfolio management activities

The credit derivatives used by JPMorgan Chase for portfolio management activities do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS 133, and therefore, effectiveness testing under SFAS 133 is not performed. These derivatives are reported at fair value, with gains and losses recognized as Trading revenue. The MTM value incorporates both the cost of credit derivative premiums and changes in value due to movement in spreads and credit events; in contrast, the loans and lending-related commitments being risk- managed are accounted for on an accrual basis. Loan interest and fees are generally recognized in Net interest income, and impairment is recognized in the Provision for credit losses. This asymmetry in accounting treatment, between loans and lending- related commitments and the credit derivatives utilized in portfolio management activities, causes earnings volatility that is not representative, in the Firm's view, of the true changes in value of the Firm's overall credit exposure. The MTM related to the Firm's credit derivatives used for managing credit exposure, as well as the mark related to the CVA, which reflects the credit quality of derivatives counterparty exposure, are included in the table below:

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004(c) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Hedges of lending-related commitments(a) | $24 | $(234) |
| CVA and hedges of CVA (a) | 84 | 188 |
| Net gains (losses)(b) | $108 | $(46) |

(a) These hedges do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS 133.

(b) Excludes $8 million and $52 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively, of other credit portfolio trading

results that are not associated with hedging activities.

(c) Includes six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

The Firm also actively manages wholesale credit exposure through loan and commitment sales. During 2005 and 2004, the Firm sold $4.0 billion and $5.9 billion of loans and commitments, respectively, recognizing gains of $76 million and losses of $8 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively. These activities are not related to the Firm's securitization activities, which are undertaken for liquidity and balance sheet management purposes. For a further discussion of securitization activity, see Note 13 on pages 108–111 of this Annual Report.

# Lending-related commitments

The contractual amount of wholesale lending-related commitments was $324 billion at December 31, 2005, compared with $309 billion at December 31, 2004. In the Firm's view, the total contractual amount of these instruments is not representative of the Firm's actual credit risk exposure or funding requirements. In determining the amount of credit risk exposure the Firm has to wholesale lending-related commitments, which is used as the basis for allocating credit risk capital to these instruments, the Firm has established a "loan-equivalent" amount for each commitment; this amount represents the portion of the unused commitment or other contingent exposure that is expected, based upon average portfolio historical experience, to become outstanding in the event of a default by an obligor. The loan equivalent amount of the Firm's lending-related commitments as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, was $178 billion and $162 billion, respectively.

# Country exposure

The Firm has a comprehensive process for measuring and managing exposures and risk in emerging markets countries–defined as those countries potentially vulnerable to sovereign events. Exposures to a country include all credit-related lending, trading, and investment activities, whether cross-border or locally funded. Exposure amounts are adjusted for credit enhancements (e.g., guarantees and letters of credit) provided by third parties located outside the country, if the enhancements fully cover the country risk as well as the business risk. As of December 31, 2005, the Firm's exposure to any individual emerging markets country was not material.

# Consumer credit portfolio

JPMorgan Chase's consumer portfolio consists primarily of residential mortgages and home equity loans, credit cards, auto and education financings and loans to small businesses. The domestic consumer portfolio reflects the

benefit of diversification from both a product and a geographical perspective. The primary focus is on serving the prime consumer credit market.

The following table presents managed consumer credit-related information for the dates indicated:

# Consumer portfolio

|  | Credit |  | Nonperforming |  |  |  | Average annual |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| As of or for the year ended December 31, | exposure | exposure | assets(g) |  | Net charge-offs | Net charge-offs | net charge-off rate(i) | net charge-off rate(i) |
| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004(f) | 2005 | 2004(f) |
| Consumer real estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Home finance – Home equity and\nother(a) | $76,727 | $67,837 | $422 | $416 | $129 | $554 | 0.18% | 1.18% |
| Home finance – Mortgage | 56,726 | 56,816 | 441 | 257 | 25 | 19 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Total Home finance(a) | 133,453 | 124,653 | 863(h) | 673(h) | 154 | 573 | 0.13 | 0.65 |
| Auto &amp; education finance(b) | 49,047 | 62,712 | 195 | 193 | 277 | 263 | 0.54 | 0.52 |
| Consumer &amp; small business and other | 14,799 | 15,107 | 280 | 295 | 141 | 154 | 0.98 | 1.64 |
| Credit card receivables – reported(c) | 71,738 | 64,575 | 13 | 8 | 3,324 | 1,923 | 4.94 | 4.95 |
| Total consumer loans – reported | 269,037 | 267,047 | 1,351 | 1,169 | 3,896 | 2,913 | 1.56 | 1.56 |
| Credit card securitizations(c)(d) | 70,527 | 70,795 | — | — | 3,776 | 2,898 | 5.47 | 5.51 |
| Total consumer loans – managed (c) | 339,564 | 337,842 | 1,351 | 1,169 | 7,672 | 5,811 | 2.41 | 2.43 |
| Assets acquired in loan satisfactions | NA | NA | 180 | 224 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Total consumer related assets – |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| managed | 339,564 | 337,842 | 1,531 | 1,393 | 7,672 | 5,811 | 2.41 | 2.43 |
| Consumer lending-related commitments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Home finance | 65,106 | 53,223 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Auto &amp; education finance | 5,732 | 5,193 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Consumer &amp; small business and other | 5,437 | 10,312 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Credit card(e) | 579,321 | 532,468 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Total lending-related commitments | 655,596 | 601,196 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Total consumer credit portfolio | $995,160 | $939,038 | $1,531 | $1,393 | $7,672 | $5,811 | 2.41% | 2.43% |
| Total average HFS loans | $15,675 | $14,736(f) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Memo: Credit card – managed | 142,265 | 135,370 | $13 | $8 | $7,100 | $4,821 | 5.21% | 5.27% |

(a) Includes $406 million of charge-offs related to the manufactured home loan portfolio in the fourth quarter of 2004.

(b) Excludes operating lease-related assets of $858 million for December 31, 2005. Balances at December 31, 2004, were insignificant.

(c) Past-due loans 90 days and over and accruing includes credit card receivables of $1.1 billion and $998 million, and related credit card securitizations of $730 million and $1.3 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004,

respectively.

(d) Represents securitized credit cards. For a further discussion of credit card securitizations, see Card Services on pages 45–46 of this Annual Report.

(e) The credit card lending-related commitments represent the total available credit to the Firm's cardholders. The Firm has not experienced, and does not anticipate, that all of its cardholders will exercise their entire available line of credit at any given point in time. The Firm can reduce or cancel a credit card commitment by providing the cardholder prior notice or without notice as permitted by law.

(g) Includes nonperforming HFS loans of $27 million and $13 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(h) Excludes nonperforming assets related to loans eligible for repurchase as well as loans repurchased from GNMA pools that are insured by government agencies of $1.1 billion and $1.5 billion for December 31, 2005, and December 31, 2004, respectively. These amounts are excluded, as reimbursement is proceeding normally.

Total managed consumer loans at December 31, 2005, were $340 billion, up from $338 billion at year-end 2004. Consumer lending-related commitments increased by 9% to $656 billion at December 31, 2005, reflecting growth in credit cards and home equity lines of credit. The following discussion relates to the specific loan and lending-related categories within the consumer portfolio.

Average RFS loan balances for 2005 were $198 billion. New loans originated in 2005 reflect high credit quality consistent with management's focus on the prime credit market segment. The net charge-off rate for retail loans in 2005 was 0.31%, a decrease of 36 basis points from 2004. This decrease was attributable primarily to $406 million of charge-offs in the fourth quarter of 2004 associated with the sale of the $4.0 billion manufactured home loan portfolio. Excluding these charge-offs, the net charge-off rate would have improved eight basis points.

Home Finance: Home finance loans on the balance sheet at December 31, 2005, were $133 billion. This amount consisted of $77 billion of home equity and other loans and $56 billion of mortgages, including mortgage loans held-for-sale. Home finance receivables as of December 31, 2005, reflect an increase of $9 billion from year-end 2004 driven by growth in the home equity portfolio. Home Finance provides consumer real estate lending to the full spectrum of credit borrowers, including $15 billion in sub- prime credits at December 31, 2005. Home Finance does not offer mortgage products that result in negative amortization but does offer mortgages with interest-only payment options to predominantly prime borrowers.

The geographic distribution of outstanding consumer real estate loans is well diversified as shown in the table below.

# Consumer real estate loan portfolio by geographic location

| December 31, | 2005 | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in billions) | Outstanding | % | Outstanding | % |
| Top 10 U.S. States |  |  |  |  |
| California | $24.4 | 18% | $22.8 | 18% |
| New York | 19.5 | 15 | 18.4 | 15 |
| Florida | 10.3 | 8 | 7.1 | 6 |
| Illinois | 7.7 | 6 | 8.0 | 6 |
| Texas | 7.6 | 6 | 7.9 | 6 |
| Ohio | 6.1 | 5 | 6.1 | 5 |
| Arizona | 5.8 | 4 | 5.2 | 4 |
| New Jersey | 5.3 | 4 | 4.5 | 4 |
| Michigan | 5.2 | 4 | 5.2 | 4 |
| Colorado | 3.2 | 2 | 3.2 | 3 |
| Total Top 10 | 95.1 | 72 | 88.4 | 71 |
| Other | 38.4 | 28 | 36.3 | 29 |
| Total | $133.5 | 100% | $124.7 | 100% |

Auto & Education Finance: As of December 31, 2005, Auto & education finance loans decreased to $49 billion from $63 billion at year-end 2004. The decrease in outstanding loans was caused primarily by a difficult auto lending market in 2005, $3.8 billion in securitizations, the sale of the $2.0 billion recreational vehicle portfolio and the de- emphasis of vehicle leasing, which comprised $4.4 billion of outstanding loans as of December 31, 2005. It is anticipated that over time vehicle leases will account for a smaller share of balance sheet receivables and exposure. The Auto & Education loan portfolio reflects a high concentration of prime quality credits.

Consumer & Small Business and other: As of December 31, 2005, Small business & other consumer loans remained relatively stable at $14.8 billion compared with 2004 year-end levels of $15.1 billion. The portfolio reflects highly collateralized loans, often with personal loan guarantees.

JPMorgan Chase analyzes the credit card portfolio on a managed basis, which includes credit card receivables on the consolidated balance sheet and those receivables sold to investors through securitization. Managed credit card receivables were $142 billion at December 31, 2005, an increase of $7 billion from year-end 2004, reflecting solid growth in the business as well as the addition of $2.2 billion of receivables as a result of the acquisition of the Sears Canada credit card business.

Consumer credit quality trends remained stable despite the effects of increased losses due to bankruptcy legislation, which became effective October 17, 2005. The managed credit card net charge-off rate decreased to 5.21% in 2005 from 5.27% in 2004. The 30- day delinquency rates declined significantly to 2.79% in 2005 from 3.70% in 2004, primarily driven by accelerated loss recognition of delinquent accounts as a result of the bankruptcy reform legislation and strong underlying credit quality. The managed credit card portfolio continues to reflect a well-seasoned portfolio that has good U.S. geographic diversification.

# Allowance for credit losses

JPMorgan Chase's allowance for credit losses is intended to cover probable credit losses, including losses where the asset is not specifically identified or the size of the loss has not been fully determined. At least quarterly, the allowance for credit losses is reviewed by the Chief Risk Officer of the Firm, the Risk Policy Committee, a subgroup of the Operating Committee, and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Firm. The allowance is reviewed relative to the risk profile of the Firm's credit portfolio and current economic conditions and is adjusted if, in management's judgment, changes

are warranted. The allowance includes an asset-specific component and a formula- based component, the latter of which consists of a statistical calculation and adjustments to the statistical calculation. For further discussion of the components of the Allowance for credit losses, see Critical accounting estimates used by the Firm on page 81 and Note 12 on pages 107–108 of this Annual Report. At December 31, 2005, management deemed the allowance for credit losses to be sufficient to absorb losses that are inherent in the portfolio, including losses that are not specifically identified or for which the size of the loss has not yet been fully determined.

# Summary of changes in the allowance for credit losses

| For the year ended December 31, | 2005 | 2005 | 2005 | 2004(e) | 2004(e) | 2004(e) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions) | Wholesale | Consumer | Total | Wholesale | Consumer | Total |
| Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Beginning balance at January 1, | $3,098 | $4,222 | $7,320 | $2,204 | $2,319 | $4,523 |
| Addition resulting from the Merger, July 1, 2004 | — | — | — | 1,788 | 1,335 | 3,123 |
| Gross charge-offs | (255) | (4,614) | (4,869) | (543) | (3,262) | (3,805) |
| Gross recoveries | 332 | 718 | 1,050 | 357 | 349 | 706 |
| Net (charge-offs) recoveries | 77 | (3,896) | (3,819) | (186) | (2,913) | (3,099) |
| Provision for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Provision excluding accounting policy conformity | (716) | 4,291 | 3,575(c) | (605) | 2,403 | 1,798 |
| Accounting policy conformity | — | — | — | (103) | 1,188(f) | 1,085 |
| Total Provision for loan losses | (716) | 4,291 | 3,575 | (708) | 3,591 | 2,883 |
| Other | (6) | 20 | 14 | — | (110) | (110)(g) |
| Ending balance | $2,453(a) | $4,637(b) | $7,090 | $3,098(a) | $4,222(b) | $7,320 |
| Components: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Asset specific | $203 | $— | $203 | $469 | $— | $469 |
| Statistical component | 1,629 | 3,422 | 5,051 | 1,639 | 3,169 | 4,808 |
| Adjustment to statistical component | 621 | 1,215 | 1,836 | 990 | 1,053 | 2,043 |
| Total Allowance for loan losses | $2,453 | $4,637 | $7,090 | $3,098 | $4,222 | $7,320 |
| Lending-related commitments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Beginning balance at January 1, | $480 | $12 | $492 | $320 | $4 | $324 |
| Addition resulting from the Merger, July 1, 2004 | — | — | — | 499 | 9 | 508 |
| Provision for lending-related commitments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Provision excluding accounting policy conformity | (95) | 3 | (92) | (111) | (1) | (112) |
| Accounting policy conformity | — | — | — | (227) | — | (227) |
| Total Provision for lending-related commitments | (95) | 3 | (92) | (338) | (1) | (339) |
| Other | — | — | — | (1) | — | (1) |
| Ending balance | $385 | $15 | $400(d) | $480 | $12 | $492(h) |

(a) The wholesale allowance for loan losses to total wholesale loans was 1.85% and 2.41%, excluding wholesale HFS loans of $17.6 billion and $6.4 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(b) The consumer allowance for loan losses to total consumer loans was 1.84% and 1.70%, excluding consumer HFS loans of $16.6 billion and $18.0 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(c) 2005 includes a special provision related to Hurricane Katrina allocated as follows: Retail Financial Services $250 million, Card Services $100 million, Commercial Banking $35 million, Asset & Wealth Management $3 million and Corporate $12 million.

(d) Includes $60 million of asset-specific and $340 million of formula-based allowance at December 31, 2005. The formula-based allowance for lending-related commitments is based upon statistical calculation. There is no adjustment to the statistical calculation for lending-related commitments.

(e) Includes six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

(f) Reflects an increase of $1.4 billion as a result of the decertification of heritage Bank One seller's interest in credit card securitizations, partially offset by a $254 million decrease in the allowance to conform methodologies in 2004.

(g) Primarily represents the transfer of the allowance for accrued interest and fees on reported and securitized credit card loans.

(h) Includes $130 million of asset-specific and $362 million of formula-based allowance at December 31, 2004. The formula-based allowance for lending-related commitments is based upon a statistical calculation. There is no adjustment to the statistical calculation for lending-related commitments.

The reduction in the allowance for credit losses of $322 million from December 31, 2004, was driven primarily by continued credit strength in the wholesale businesses, partially offset by an increase in the consumer allowance as a result of the special provision taken in the third quarter of 2005 due to Hurricane Katrina.

Excluding held-for-sale loans, the allowance for loan losses represented 1.84% of loans at December 31, 2005, compared with 1.94% at December 31, 2004. The wholesale component of the allowance decreased to $2.5 billion as of December 31, 2005, from $3.1 billion at year-end 2004, due to strong credit quality across all wholesale businesses. Excluding the special provision

for Hurricane Katrina, the consumer component of the allowance would have been $4.3 billion as of December 31, 2005, a slight increase from December 31, 2004.

To provide for the risk of loss inherent in the Firm's process of extending credit, management also computes an asset-specific component and a formula-based component for wholesale lending-related commitments. These are computed using a methodology similar to that used for the wholesale loan portfolio, modified for expected maturities and probabilities of drawdown. This allowance, which is reported in Other liabilities, was $400 million and $492 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

For a discussion of the reported Provision for credit losses, see page 29 of this Annual Report. The managed provision for credit losses reflects credit card securitizations. At December 31, 2005, securitized credit card outstandings were relatively flat compared with the prior year-end.

| For the year ended December 31,(a) | Provision for loan losses | Provision for loan losses | lending-related commitments | lending-related commitments | Total provision for credit losses | Total provision for credit losses |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | 2005(c) | 2004 |
| Investment Bank | $(757) | $(525) | $(81) | $(115) | $(838) | $(640) |
| Commercial Banking | 87 | 35 | (14) | 6 | 73 | 41 |
| Treasury &amp; Securities Services | (1) | 7 | 1 | — | — | 7 |
| Asset &amp; Wealth Management | (55) | (12) | (1) | (2) | (56) | (14) |
| Corporate | 10 | (110) | — | — | 10 | (110) |
| Total Wholesale | (716) | (605) | (95) | (111) | (811) | (716) |
| Retail Financial Services | 721 | 450 | 3 | (1) | 724 | 449 |
| Card Services | 3,570 | 1,953 | — | — | 3,570 | 1,953 |
| Total Consumer | 4,291 | 2,403 | 3 | (1) | 4,294 | 2,402 |
| Accounting policy conformity(b) | — | 1,085 | — | (227) | — | 858 |
| Total provision for credit losses | 3,575 | 2,883 | (92) | (339) | 3,483 | 2,544 |
| Credit card securitization | 3,776 | 2,898 | — | — | 3,776 | 2,898 |
| Accounting policy conformity | — | (1,085) | — | 227 | — | (858) |
| Total managed provision for credit losses | $7,351 | $4,696 | $(92) | $(112) | $7,259 | $4,584 |

(b) The 2004 provision for loan losses includes an increase of approximately $1.4 billion as a result of the decertification of heritage Bank One seller's interest in credit card securitizations, partially offset by a reduction of $357 million to conform provision methodologies. The 2004 provision for lending-related commitments reflects a reduction of $227 million to conform provision methodologies in the wholesale portfolio.

(c) 2005 includes a $400 million special provision related to Hurricane Katrina allocated as follows: Retail Financial Services $250 million, Card Services $100 million, Commercial Banking $35 million, Asset & Wealth Management $3 million and Corporate $12 million.

# Market risk management

Market risk is the exposure to an adverse change in the market value of portfolios and financial instruments caused by a change in market prices or rates.

Market Risk Management ("MRM") is an independent corporate risk governance function that identifies, measures, monitors, and controls market risk. It seeks to facilitate efficient risk/return decisions and to reduce volatility in operating performance. It strives to make the Firm's market risk profile transparent to senior management, the Board of Directors and regulators. Market Risk Management is overseen by the Chief Risk Officer, a member of the Firm's Operating Committee. MRM's governance structure consists of the following primary functions:

• Establishment of a comprehensive market risk policy framework • Independent measurement, monitoring and control of business segment market risk • Definition, approval and monitoring of limits • Performance of stress testing and qualitative risk assessments

In addition, the Firm's business segments have valuation control functions that are responsible for ensuring the accuracy of the valuations of positions that expose the Firm to market risk. These groups report primarily into Finance.

# Risk identification and classification

MRM works in partnership with the business segments to identify market risks throughout the Firm and to refine and monitor market risk policies and procedures. All business segments are responsible for comprehensive identification and verification of market risks within their units. Risk-taking businesses have functions that act independently from trading personnel and are responsible for verifying risk exposures that the business takes. In addition to providing independent oversight for market risk arising from the business segments, MRM also is responsible for identifying exposures which may not be large within individual business segments, but which may be large for the Firm in aggregate. Regular meetings are held between MRM and the heads of risk- taking businesses to discuss and decide on risk exposures in the context of the market environment and client flows.

Positions that expose the Firm to market risk can be classified into two categories: trading and nontrading risk. Trading risk includes positions that are held by the Firm as part of a business segment or unit whose main business strategy is to trade or make markets. Unrealized gains and losses in these positions are generally reported in trading revenue. Nontrading risk includes securities held for longer term investment, mortgage servicing rights, and securities and derivatives used to manage the Firm's asset/liability exposures. Unrealized gains and losses in these positions are generally not reported in Trading revenue.

# Trading risk

Fixed income risk (which includes interest rate risk and credit spread risk) involves the potential decline in net income or financial condition due to adverse changes in market rates, whether arising from client activities or proprietary positions taken by the Firm.

Foreign exchange, equities and commodities risks involve the potential decline in net income to the Firm due to adverse changes in foreign exchange, equities or commodities markets, whether arising from client activities or proprietary positions taken by the Firm.

# Nontrading risk

Nontrading risk arises from execution of the Firm's core business strategies, the delivery of products and services to its customers, and the discretionary positions the Firm undertakes to risk-manage exposures.

These exposures can result from a variety of factors, including differences in the timing among the maturity or repricing of assets, liabilities and off–balance sheet instruments. Changes in the level and shape of market interest rate curves also may create interest rate risk, since the repricing characteristics of the Firm's assets do not necessarily match those of its liabilities. The Firm also is exposed to basis risk, which is the difference in re-pricing characteristics of two floating rate indices, such as the prime rate and 3-month LIBOR. In addition, some of the Firm's products have embedded optionality that impact pricing and balances.

The Firm's mortgage banking activities also give rise to complex interest rate risks. The interest rate exposure from the Firm's mortgage banking activities is a result of changes in the level of interest rates, option and basis risk. Option risk arises primarily from prepayment options embedded in mortgages and changes in the probability of newly- originated mortgage commitments actually closing. Basis risk results from different relative movements between mortgage rates and other interest rates.

# Tools used to measure risk

Because no single measure can reflect all aspects of market risk, the Firm uses various metrics, both statistical and nonstatistical, including:

• Nonstatistical risk measures

• Loss advisories

• Economic value stress testing

• Earnings-at-risk stress testing

• Risk identification for large exposures ("RIFLE")

Nonstatistical risk measures other than stress testing include net open positions, basis point values, option sensitivities, market values, position concentrations and position turnover. These measures provide granular information on the Firm's market risk exposure. They are aggregated by line of business and by risk type, and are used for monitoring limits, one-off approvals and tactical control.

# Value-at-risk

JPMorgan Chase's primary statistical risk measure, VAR, estimates the potential loss from adverse market moves in an ordinary market environment and provides a consistent cross-business measure of risk profiles and levels of diversification. VAR is used for comparing risks across businesses, monitoring limits, one-off approvals, and as an input to economic capital calculations. VAR provides risk transparency in a normal trading environment.

Each business day the Firm undertakes a comprehensive VAR calculation that includes both its trading and its nontrading activities. VAR for nontrading activities measures the amount of potential change in fair value of the exposures related to these activities; however, VAR for such activities is not a measure of reported revenue since nontrading activities are generally not marked to market through earnings.

To calculate VAR, the Firm uses historical simulation, which measures risk across instruments and portfolios in a consistent and comparable way. This approach assumes that historical changes in market values are representative of future changes. The simulation is based upon data for the previous twelve

months. The Firm calculates VAR using a one-day time horizon and an expected tail loss methodology, which approximates a 99% confidence level. This means the Firm would expect to incur losses greater than that predicted by VAR estimates only once in every 100 trading days, or about 2.5 times a year.

# Trading VAR

# IB trading VAR by risk type and credit portfolio VAR (a)

|  | 2005 | 2005 | 2005 | 2005 | 2004(e) | 2004(e) | 2004(e) | 2004(e) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| As of or for the year ended\nDecember 31, (in millions) | Average\nVAR | Minimum\nVAR | Maximum\nVAR | At\nDecember 31, | Average\nVAR | Minimum\nVAR | Maximum\nVAR | At\nDecember 31, |
| By risk type: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Fixed income | $67 | $37 | $110 | $89 | $74 | $45 | $118 | $57 |
| Foreign exchange | 23 | 16 | 32 | 19 | 17 | 10 | 33 | 28 |
| Equities | 34 | 15 | 65 | 24 | 28 | 15 | 58 | 20 |
| Commodities and other | 21 | 7 | 50 | 34 | 9 | 7 | 18 | 8 |
| Less: portfolio diversification | (59)(c) | NM(d) | NM(d) | (63)(c) | (43)(c) | NM(d) | NM(d) | (41)(c) |
| Total trading VAR | $86 | $53 | $130 | $103 | $85 | $52 | $125 | $72 |
| Credit portfolio VAR(b) | 14 | 11 | 17 | 15 | 14 | 11 | 17 | 15 |

(a) Trading VAR excludes VAR related to the Firm's private equity business and certain exposures used to manage MSRs. For a discussion of Private equity risk management and MSRs, see page 80 and Note 15 on pages 114–116 of this Annual Report, respectively. Trading VAR includes substantially all mark-to-market trading activities in the IB, plus available-for-sale securities held for the IB's proprietary purposes (included within Fixed Income); however, particular risk parameters of certain products are not fully captured, for example, correlation risk.

(b) Includes VAR on derivative credit valuation adjustments, credit valuation adjustment hedges and mark-to-market hedges of the accrual loan portfolio, which are all reported in Trading revenue. This VAR does not include the accrual loan portfolio, which is not marked to market.

(c) Average and period-end VARs are less than the sum of the VARs of its market risk components, which is due to risk offsets resulting from portfolio diversification. The diversification effect reflects the fact that the risks are not perfectly correlated. The risk of a portfolio of positions is therefore usually less than the sum of the risks of the positions themselves.

(d) Designated as not meaningful ("NM") because the minimum and maximum may occur on different days for different risk components, and hence it is not meaningful to compute a portfolio diversification effect. (e) 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

IB's Average Total Trading and Credit Portfolio VAR decreased to $88 million during 2005 compared with $90 million for the same period in 2004. Period-end VAR increased over the same period to $108 million from $78 million. Commodities and other VAR increased due to the expansion of the energy trading business. The decrease in average Total Trading and Credit Portfolio VAR was driven by increased portfolio diversification as fixed income risk decreased and foreign exchange, equities and commodities risk increased. Trading VAR diversification increased to $59 million, or 41% of the sum of the components, from $43 million, or 34% of the sum of the components. The diversification effect between the trading portfolio and the credit portfolio also increased to $12 million, or 12% of the sum of the components, from $9 million, or 9% of the sum of the components. In general, over the course of the year, VAR exposures can vary significantly as trading positions change, market volatility fluctuates and diversification benefits change.

# VAR backtesting

To evaluate the soundness of its VAR model, the Firm conducts daily backtesting of VAR against daily financial results, based upon market risk-related revenue. Market risk-related revenue is defined as the change in value of the mark-to-market trading portfolios plus any trading-related net interest income, brokerage commissions, underwriting fees or other revenue. The following histogram illustrates the daily market risk-related gains and losses for the IB trading businesses for the year ended December 31, 2005. The chart shows that the IB posted market risk-related gains on 208 out of 260 days in this period, with 20 days exceeding $100 million. The inset graph looks at those days on which the IB experienced losses and depicts the amount by which VAR exceeded the actual loss on each of those days. Losses were sustained on 52 days, with no loss greater than $90 million, and with no loss exceeding the VAR measure.

Daily IB market risk-related gains and losses year ended December 31, 2005 Daily IB VAR less market risk-related losses. $ in millions number of trading days average daily revenue: 37.3 million

Loss advisories are tools used to highlight to senior management trading losses above certain levels and are used to initiate discussion of remedies.

While VAR reflects the risk of loss due to unlikely events in normal markets, stress testing captures the Firm's exposure to unlikely but plausible events in abnormal markets. The Firm conducts economic-value stress tests for both its trading and its nontrading activities using multiple scenarios for both types of activities. Periodically, scenarios are reviewed and updated to reflect changes in the Firm's risk profile and economic events. Stress testing is as important as VAR in measuring and controlling risk. Stress testing enhances the understanding of the Firm's risk profile and loss potential, and is used for monitoring limits, one-off approvals and cross-business risk measurement, as well as an input to economic capital allocation.

Based upon the Firm's stress scenarios, the stress test loss (pre-tax) in the IB's trading portfolio ranged from $469 million to $1.4 billion, and $202 million to $1.2 billion, for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

The VAR and stress-test measures described above illustrate the total economic sensitivity of the Firm's balance sheet to changes in market variables. The effect of interest rate exposure on reported Net income also is critical. Interest rate risk exposure in the Firm's core nontrading business activities (i.e., asset/liability management positions) results from on– and off–balance sheet positions. The Firm conducts simulations of changes in NII from its nontrading activities under a variety of interest rate scenarios, which are consistent with the scenarios used for economic-value stress testing. Earnings-at-risk tests measure the potential change in the Firm's Net interest income over the next 12 months and highlight exposures to various rate-sensitive factors, such as the rates themselves (e.g., the prime lending rate), pricing strategies on deposits, optionality and changes in product mix. The tests include forecasted balance sheet changes, such as asset sales and securitizations, as well as prepayment and reinvestment behavior.

Earnings-at-risk also can result from changes in the slope of the yield curve, because the Firm has the ability to lend at fixed rates and borrow at variable or short-term fixed rates. Based upon these scenarios, the Firm's earnings would be affected negatively by a sudden and unanticipated increase in short-term rates without a corresponding increase in long-term rates. Conversely, higher long-term rates generally are beneficial to earnings, particularly when the increase is not accompanied by rising short-term rates.

Immediate changes in interest rates present a limited view of risk, and so a number of alternative scenarios also are reviewed. These scenarios include the implied forward curve, nonparallel rate shifts and severe interest rate shocks on selected key rates. These scenarios are intended to provide a comprehensive view of JPMorgan Chase's earnings-at-risk over a wide range of outcomes.

JPMorgan Chase's 12-month pre-tax earnings sensitivity profile as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, follows:

|  | Immediate change in rates | Immediate change in rates | Immediate change in rates |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions) | +200bp | +100bp | -100bp |
| December 31, 2005 | $265 | $172 | $(162) |
| December 31, 2004 | (557) | (164) | (180) |

The Firm's risk to rising and falling interest rates is due primarily to corresponding increases and decreases in short-term funding costs.

# RIFLE

Individuals who manage risk positions, particularly those that are complex, are responsible for identifying potential losses that could arise from specific unusual events, such as a potential tax change, and estimating the probabilities of losses arising from such events. This information is entered into the Firm's RIFLE system and directed to the appropriate level of management, thereby permitting the Firm to identify further earnings vulnerability not adequately covered by standard risk measures.

# Risk monitoring and control

# Limits

Market risk is controlled primarily through a series of limits. Limits reflect the Firm's risk appetite in the context of the market environment and business strategy. In setting limits, the Firm takes into consideration factors such as market volatility, product liquidity, business track record and management experience.

MRM regularly reviews and updates risk limits, and senior management reviews and approves risk limits at least once a year. MRM further controls the Firm's exposure by specifically designating approved financial instruments and tenors, known as instrument authorities, for each business segment.

The Firm maintains different levels of limits. Corporate-level limits include VAR, stress and loss advisories. Similarly, line of business limits include VAR, stress and loss advisories, and are supplemented by nonstatistical measure-

ments and instrument authorities. Businesses are responsible for adhering to established limits, against which exposures are monitored and reported. Limit breaches are reported in a timely manner to senior management, and the affected business segment is required to take appropriate action to reduce trading positions. If the business cannot do this within an acceptable timeframe, senior management is consulted on the appropriate action.

# Qualitative review

MRM also performs periodic reviews as necessary of both businesses and products with exposure to market risk in order to assess the ability of the businesses to control their market risk. Strategies, market conditions, product details and risk controls are reviewed, and specific recommendations for improvements are made to management.

# Model review

Some of the Firm's financial instruments cannot be valued based upon quoted market prices but are instead valued using pricing models. Such models are used for management of risk positions, such as reporting against limits, as well as for valuation. The Model Risk Group, independent of the businesses and MRM, reviews the models the Firm uses and assesses model appropriateness and consistency. The model reviews consider a number of factors about the model's suitability for valuation and risk management of a particular product, including whether it accurately reflects the characteristics of the transaction and its significant risks, the suitability and convergence properties of numerical algorithms, reliability of data sources, consistency of the treatment with models for similar products, and sensitivity to input parameters and assumptions that cannot be priced from the market.

Reviews are conducted for new or changed models, as well as previously accepted models, to assess whether there have been any changes in the product or market that may impact the model's validity and whether there are theoretical or competitive developments that may require reassessment of the model's adequacy. For a summary of valuations based upon models, see Critical Accounting Estimates used by the Firm on pages 81–83 of this Annual Report.

Nonstatistical exposures, value-at-risk, loss advisories and limit excesses are reported daily for each trading and nontrading business. Market risk exposure trends, value-at- risk trends, profit and loss changes, and portfolio concentrations are reported weekly. Stress test results are reported monthly to business and senior management.

Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed processes or systems, human factors or external events.

Operational risk is inherent in each of the Firm's businesses and support activities. Operational risk can manifest itself in various ways, including errors, business interruptions, inappropriate behavior of employees and vendors that do not perform in accordance with outsourcing arrangements. These events can potentially result in financial losses and other damage to the Firm, including reputational harm.

To monitor and control operational risk, the Firm maintains a system of comprehensive policies and a control framework designed to provide a sound and well-controlled operational environment. The goal is to keep operational risk at appropriate levels, in light of the Firm's financial strength, the characteristics of its businesses, the markets in which it operates, and the competitive and regulatory environment to which it is subject. Notwithstanding these control measures, the Firm incurs operational losses.

The Firm's approach to operational risk management is intended to mitigate such losses by supplementing traditional control-based approaches to operational risk with risk measures, tools and disciplines that are risk-specific, consistently applied and utilized firmwide. Key themes are transparency of information, escalation of key issues and accountability for issue resolution.

During 2005, the Firm substantially completed the implementation of Phoenix, a new internally-designed operational risk software tool. Phoenix integrates the individual components of the operational risk management framework into a unified, web-based tool. Phoenix is intended to enable the Firm to enhance its reporting and analysis of operational risk data by enabling risk identification, measurement, monitoring, reporting and analysis to be done in an integrated manner, thereby enabling efficiencies in the Firm's management of its operational risk.

For purposes of identification, monitoring, reporting and analysis, the Firm categorizes operational risk events as follows:

# Risk identification and measurement

Risk identification is the recognition of the operational risk events that management believes may give rise to operational losses.

In 2005, JPMorgan Chase substantially completed a multi-year effort to redesign the underlying architecture of its firmwide self-assessment process. The goal of the self- assessment process is for each business to identify the key operational risks specific to its environment and assess the degree to which it maintains appropriate controls. Action plans are developed for control issues identified, and businesses are held accountable for tracking and resolving these issues on a timely basis.

All businesses were required to perform self-assessments in 2005. Going forward, the Firm will utilize the self-assessment process as a dynamic risk management tool.

The Firm has a process for monitoring operational risk-event data, permitting analysis of errors and losses as well as trends. Such analysis, performed both at a line of business level and by risk-event type, enables identification of the causes associated with risk events faced by the businesses. Where available, the internal data can be supplemented with external data for comparative analysis with industry patterns. The data reported will enable the Firm to back-test against self-assessment results.

# Risk reporting and analysis

Operational risk management reports provide timely and accurate information, including information about actual operational loss levels and self-assessment results, to the lines of business and senior management. The purpose of these reports is to enable management to maintain operational risk at appropriate levels within each line of business, to escalate issues and to provide consistent data aggregation across the Firm's businesses and support areas.

# Audit alignment

Internal Audit utilizes a risk-based program of audit coverage to provide an independent assessment of the design and effectiveness of key controls over the Firm's operations, regulatory compliance and reporting. Audit partners with business management and members of the control community in providing guidance on the operational risk framework and reviewing the effectiveness and accuracy of the business self- assessment process as part of its business unit audits.

# Reputation and fiduciary risk management

A firm's success depends not only on its prudent management of liquidity, credit, market and operational risks that are part of its business risks, but equally on the maintenance among many constituents – clients, investors, regulators, as well as the general public – of a reputation for business practices of the highest quality. Attention to reputation has always been a key aspect of the Firm's practices, and maintenance of reputation is the responsibility of everyone at the Firm. JPMorgan Chase bolsters this individual responsibility in many ways, including through the Firm's Code of Conduct, training, maintaining adherence to policies and procedures and oversight functions that approve transactions. These oversight functions include a Conflicts Office, which examines wholesale transactions with the potential to create conflicts of interest for the Firm.

# Policy review office

The Firm also has a specific structure to address certain transactions with clients, especially complex derivatives and structured finance transactions, that have the potential to adversely affect its reputation. This structure reinforces the Firm's procedures for examining transactions in terms of appropriateness, ethical issues and reputational risk, and it intensifies the Firm's scrutiny of the purpose and effect of its transactions from the client's point of view, with the goal that these transactions are not used to mislead investors or others. The structure operates at three levels: as part of every business' transaction approval process; through review by regional Reputation Risk Committees; and through oversight by the Policy Review Office.

Primary responsibility for adherence to the policies and procedures designed to address reputation risk lies with the business units conducting the transactions in question. The Firm's transaction approval process requires review from, among others, internal legal/compliance, conflicts, tax and accounting groups. Transactions involving an SPE established by the Firm receive particular scrutiny intended to ensure that every such entity is properly approved, documented, monitored and controlled.

Business units are also required to submit to regional Reputation Risk Committees proposed transactions that may give rise to heightened reputation risk – particularly a client's motivation and its intended financial disclosure of the transaction. The committees may approve, reject or require further clarification on or changes to the transactions. The members of these committees are senior representatives of the business and support units in the region. The committees may escalate transaction review to the Policy Review Office.

# Private equity risk management

The Firm makes direct principal investments in private equity. The illiquid nature and long-term holding period associated with these investments differentiates private equity risk from the risk of positions held in the trading portfolios. The Firm's approach to managing private equity risk is consistent with the Firm's general risk governance structure. Controls are in place establishing target levels for total and annual investment in order to control the overall size of the portfolio. Industry and geographic concentration limits are in place

The Policy Review Office is the most senior approval level for client transactions involving reputation risk issues. The mandate of the Office is to opine on specific transactions brought by the Regional Committees and consider changes in policies or practices relating to reputation risk. The head of the Office consults with the Firm's most senior executives on specific topics and provides regular updates. Aside from governance and guidance on specific transactions, the objective of the policy review process is to reinforce a culture, through a "case study" approach, that ensures that all employees, regardless of seniority, understand the basic principles of reputation risk control and can recognize and address issues as they arise.

In 2006, this structure, which until now has been focused primarily on Investment Bank activities, will be expanded to include the activities of Commercial Banking and the Private Bank. These lines of business will implement training and review procedures similar to those in the Investment Bank and their activities also will be subject to the oversight of the Policy Review Office.

# Fiduciary risk management

The risk management committees within each line of business include in their mandate the oversight of the legal, reputational and, where appropriate, fiduciary risks in their businesses that may produce significant losses or reputational damage. The Fiduciary Risk Management function works with the relevant line of business risk committees to ensure that businesses providing investment or risk management products or services that give rise to fiduciary duties to clients perform at the appropriate standard relative to their fiduciary relationship with a client. Of particular focus are the policies and practices that address a business' responsibilities to a client, including client suitability determination, disclosure obligations, disclosure communications and performance expectations with respect to such of the investment and risk management products or services being provided by the Firm that give rise to such fiduciary duties. In this way, the relevant line-of-business risk committees, together with the Fiduciary Risk Management function, provide oversight of the Firm's efforts to monitor, measure and control the risks that may arise in the delivery of the products or services to clients that give rise to such duties, as well as those stemming from any of the Firm's fiduciary responsibilities to employees under the Firm's various employee benefit plans.

intended to ensure diversification of the portfolio, and periodic reviews are performed on the portfolio to substantiate the valuations of the investments. The Valuation Control Group within the Finance area is responsible for reviewing the accuracy of the carrying values of private equity investments held by Private Equity. At December 31, 2005, the carrying value of the private equity portfolios of JPMorgan Partners and ONE Equity Partners businesses was $6.2 billion, of which $479 million represented positions traded in the public market.

JPMorgan Chase's accounting policies and use of estimates are integral to understanding its reported results. The Firm's most complex accounting estimates require management's judgment to ascertain the valuation of assets and liabilities. The Firm has established detailed policies and control procedures intended to ensure that valuation methods, including any judgments made as part of such methods, are well controlled, independently reviewed and applied consistently from period to period. In addition, the policies and procedures are intended to ensure that the process for changing methodologies occurs in a controlled and appropriate manner. The Firm believes its estimates for determining the valuation of its assets and liabilities are appropriate. The following is a brief description of the Firm's critical accounting estimates involving significant valuation judgments.

JPMorgan Chase's allowance for credit losses covers the wholesale and consumer loan portfolios as well as the Firm's portfolio of wholesale lending-related commitments. The Allowance for loan losses is intended to adjust the value of the Firm's loan assets for probable credit losses as of the balance sheet date. For a further discussion of the methodologies used in establishing the Firm's Allowance for credit losses, see Note 12 on pages 107–108 of this Annual Report.

# Wholesale loans and lending-related commitments

The methodology for calculating both the Allowance for loan losses and the Allowance for lending-related commitments involves significant judgment. First and foremost, it involves the early identification of credits that are deteriorating. Second, it involves management judgment to derive loss factors. Third, it involves management judgment to evaluate certain macroeconomic factors, underwriting standards, and other relevant internal and external factors affecting the credit quality of the current portfolio and to refine loss factors to better reflect these conditions.

The Firm uses a risk rating system to determine the credit quality of its wholesale loans. Wholesale loans are reviewed for information affecting the obligor's ability to fulfill its obligations. In assessing the risk rating of a particular loan, among the factors considered include the obligor's debt capacity and financial flexibility, the level of the obligor's earnings, the amount and sources for repayment, the level and nature of contingencies, management strength, and the industry and geography in which the obligor operates. These factors are based upon an evaluation of historical and current information, and involve subjective assessment and interpretation. Emphasizing one factor over another, or considering additional factors that may be relevant in determining the risk rating of a particular loan but which are not currently an explicit part of the Firm's methodology, could impact the risk rating assigned by the Firm to that loan.

Management applies its judgment to derive loss factors associated with each credit facility. These loss factors are determined by facility structure, collateral and type of obligor. Wherever possible, the Firm uses independent, verifiable data or the Firm's own historical loss experience in its models for estimating these loss factors. Many factors can affect management's estimates of loss, including volatility of loss given default, probability of default and rating migrations. Judgment is applied to determine whether the loss given default should be calculated as an average over the entire credit cycle or at a particular point in the credit cycle. The application of different loss given default factors would change the amount of the Allowance for credit losses determined appropriate by the Firm. Similarly, there are judgments as to which external

data on probability of default should be used and when they should be used. Choosing data that are not reflective of the Firm's specific loan portfolio characteristics could also affect loss estimates.

Management also applies its judgment to adjust the loss factors derived, taking into consideration model imprecision, external factors and economic events that have occurred but are not yet reflected in the loss factors. The resultant adjustments to the statistical calculation on the performing portfolio are determined by creating estimated ranges using historical experience of both loss given default and probability of default. Factors related to concentrated and deteriorating industries are also incorporated where relevant. The estimated ranges and the determination of the appropriate point within the range are based upon management's view of uncertainties that relate to current macroeconomic and political conditions, quality of underwriting standards and other relevant internal and external factors affecting the credit quality of the current portfolio. The adjustment to the statistical calculation for the wholesale loan portfolio for the period ended December 31, 2005, was $621 million, the higher-end within the range, based upon management's assessment of current economic conditions.

# Consumer loans

For scored loans in the consumer lines of business, loss is primarily determined by applying statistical loss factors and other risk indicators to pools of loans by asset type. These loss estimates are sensitive to changes in delinquency status, credit bureau scores, the realizable value of collateral and other risk factors.

Adjustments to the statistical calculation are accomplished in part by analyzing the historical loss experience for each major product segment. Management analyzes the range of credit loss experienced for each major portfolio segment, taking into account economic cycles, portfolio seasoning and underwriting criteria, and then formulates a range that incorporates relevant risk factors that impact overall credit performance. The recorded adjustment to the statistical calculation for the period ended December 31, 2005, was $1.2 billion, based upon management's assessment of current economic conditions.

# Fair value of financial instruments

A portion of JPMorgan Chase's assets and liabilities are carried at fair value, including trading assets and liabilities, AFS securities and private equity investments. Held-for- sale loans, mortgage servicing rights ("MSRs") and commodities inventory are carried at the lower of fair value or cost. At December 31, 2005, approximately $386 billion of the Firm's assets were recorded at fair value.

The fair value of a financial instrument is defined as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The majority of the Firm's assets reported at fair value are based upon quoted market prices or on internally developed models that utilize independently sourced market parameters, including interest rate yield curves, option volatilities and currency rates.

The degree of management judgment involved in determining the fair value of a financial instrument is dependent upon the availability of quoted market prices or observable market parameters. For financial instruments that are actively traded and have quoted market prices or parameters readily available, there is little-to-no subjectivity in determining fair value. When observable market prices and parameters do not exist, management judgment is necessary to estimate fair value. The valuation process takes into consideration

factors such as liquidity and concentration concerns and, for the derivatives portfolio, counterparty credit risk (see the discussion of CVA on page 70 of this Annual Report). For example, there is often limited market data to rely on when estimating the fair value of a large or aged position. Similarly, judgment must be applied in estimating prices for less readily observable external parameters. Finally, other factors such as model assumptions, market dislocations and unexpected correlations can affect estimates of fair value. Imprecision in estimating these factors can impact the amount of revenue or loss recorded for a particular position.

# Trading and available-for-sale portfolios

Substantially all of the Firm's securities held for trading and investment purposes ("long" positions) and securities that the Firm has sold to other parties but does not own ("short" positions) are valued based upon quoted market prices. However, certain securities are less actively traded and, therefore, are not always able to be valued based upon quoted market prices. The determination of their fair value requires management judgment, as this determination may require benchmarking to similar instruments or analyzing default and recovery rates. Examples include certain collateralized mortgage and debt obligations and high-yield debt securities.

As few derivative contracts are listed on an exchange, the majority of the Firm's derivative positions are valued using internally developed models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters – that is, parameters that are actively quoted and can be validated to external sources, including industry-pricing services. Certain derivatives, however, are valued based upon models with significant unobservable market parameters – that is, parameters that must be estimated and are, therefore, subject to management judgment to substantiate the model valuation. These instruments are normally either less actively traded or trade activity is one-way. Examples include long-dated interest rate or currency swaps, where swap rates may be unobservable for longer maturities, and certain credit products, where correlation and recovery rates are unobservable. Due to the lack of observable market data, the Firm defers the initial trading profit for these financial instruments. The deferred profit is recognized in Trading revenue on a systematic basis and when observable market data becomes available. Management's judgment also includes recording fair value adjustments (i.e., reductions) to model valuations to account for parameter uncertainty when valuing complex or less actively traded derivative transactions. The following table summarizes the Firm's trading and available-for-sale portfolios by valuation methodology at December 31, 2005:

|  | Trading assets | Trading assets | Trading liabilities | Trading liabilities |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
|  | Securities\npurchased (a) | Derivatives (b) | Securities\nsold (a) | Derivatives (b) | AFS\nsecurities |
| Fair value based upon: |  |  |  |  |  |
| Quoted market prices | 86% | 2% | 97% | 2% | 91% |
| Internal models with significant observable market parameters | 12 | 96 | 2 | 97 | 6 |
| Internal models with significant unobservable market parameters | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Total | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% |

(a) Reflected as debt and equity instruments on the Firm's Consolidated balance sheets.

(b) Based upon gross mark-to-market valuations of the Firm's derivatives portfolio prior to netting positions pursuant to FIN 39, as cross-product netting is not relevant to an analysis based upon valuation methodologies.

To ensure that the valuations are appropriate, the Firm has various controls in place. These include: an independent review and approval of valuation models; detailed review and explanation for profit and loss analyzed daily and over time; decomposing the model valuations for certain structured derivative instruments into their components and benchmarking valuations, where possible, to similar products; and validating valuation estimates through actual cash settlement. As markets and products develop and the pricing for certain derivative products becomes more transparent, the Firm refines its valuation methodologies. The Valuation Control Group within the Finance area, a group independent of the risk-taking function, is responsible for reviewing the accuracy of the valuations of positions taken within the Investment Bank.

For a discussion of market risk management, including the model review process, see Market risk management on pages 75–78 of this Annual Report. For further details regarding the Firm's valuation methodologies, see Note 29 on pages 126–128 of this Annual Report.

# Loans held-for-sale

The fair value of loans in the held-for-sale portfolio is generally based upon observable market prices of similar instruments, including bonds, credit derivatives and loans with similar characteristics. If market prices are not available, fair value is based upon the estimated cash flows adjusted for credit risk that is discounted using a rate appropriate for each maturity that incorporates the effects of interest rate changes.

# Commodities inventory

The majority of commodities inventory includes bullion and base metals where fair value is determined by reference to prices in highly active and liquid markets. The fair value of other commodities inventory is determined primarily using prices and data derived from less liquid and developing markets where the underlying commodities are traded.

# Private equity investments

Valuation of private investments held primarily by the Private Equity business within Corporate requires significant management judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices, inherent lack of liquidity and the long-term nature of such assets. Private investments are initially valued based upon cost. The carrying values of private investments are adjusted from cost to reflect both positive and negative changes evidenced by financing events with third-party capital providers. In addition, these investments are subject to ongoing impairment reviews by Private Equity's senior investment professionals. A variety of factors are reviewed and monitored to assess impairment including, but not limited to, operating performance and future expectations of the particular portfolio investment, industry valuations of comparable public companies, changes in market outlook and the third-party financing environment over time. The Valuation Control Group within the Finance area is responsible for reviewing the accuracy of the carrying values of private investments held by Private Equity. For additional information about private equity investments,

see the Private equity risk management discussion on page 80 and Note 9 on pages 103–105 of this Annual Report.

# MSRs and certain other retained interests in securitizations

MSRs and certain other retained interests from securitization activities do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices. For example, sales of MSRs do occur, but the precise terms and conditions are typically not readily available. Accordingly, the Firm estimates the fair value of MSRs and certain other retained interests in securitizations using discounted future cash flow (DCF) models.

For MSRs, the model considers portfolio characteristics, contractually specified servicing fees and prepayment assumptions, delinquency rates, late charges, other ancillary revenues, costs to service and other economic factors. During the fourth quarter of 2005, the Company began utilizing an option adjusted spread ("OAS") valuation approach when determining the fair value of MSRs. This approach, when used in conjunction with the Firm's proprietary prepayment model, projects MSR cash flows over multiple interest rate scenarios, which are then discounted at risk-adjusted rates, to estimate an expected fair value of the MSRs. The OAS valuation approach is expected to provide improved estimates of fair value. The initial valuation of MSRs under OAS did not have a material impact to the Firm's financial statements.

For certain other retained interests in securitizations (such as interest only strips), a single interest rate path DCF model is used and generally includes assumptions based upon projected finance charges related to the securitized assets, estimated net credit losses, prepayment assumptions, and contractual interest paid to the third-party investors. Changes in the assumptions used may have a significant impact on the Firm's valuation of retained interests.

For both MSRs and certain other retained interests in securitizations, the Firm compares its fair value estimates and assumptions to observable market data where available and to recent market activity and actual portfolio experience. Management believes that the assumptions used to estimate fair values are supportable and reasonable.

# Accounting for income taxes – repatriation of foreign earnings under the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004

On October 22, 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 (the "Act") was signed into law. The Act creates a temporary incentive for U.S. companies to repatriate accumulated foreign earnings at a substantially reduced U.S. effective tax rate by providing a dividends received deduction on the repatriation of certain foreign earnings to the U.S. taxpayer (the "repatriation provision"). The new deduction is subject to a number of limitations and requirements.

In the fourth quarter of 2005, the Firm applied the repatriation provision to $1.9 billion of cash from foreign earnings, resulting in a net tax benefit of $55 million. The $1.9 billion of cash will be used in accordance with the Firm's domestic reinvestment plan pursuant to the guidelines set forth in the Act.

# Accounting for share-based payments

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123R, which revises SFAS 123 and supersedes APB 25. In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") issued SAB 107 which provides interpretive guidance on SFAS 123R. Accounting and reporting under SFAS 123R is generally similar to the SFAS 123 approach. However, SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to

For a further discussion of the most significant assumptions used to value retained interests in securitizations and MSRs, as well as the applicable stress tests for those assumptions, see Notes 13 and 15 on pages 108–111 and 114–116, respectively, of this Annual Report.

# Goodwill impairment

Under SFAS 142, goodwill must be allocated to reporting units and tested for impairment. The Firm tests goodwill for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events or circumstances, such as adverse changes in the business climate, indicate that there may be justification for conducting an interim test. Impairment testing is performed at the reporting-unit level (which is generally one level below the six major business segments identified in Note 31 on pages 130–131 of this Annual Report, plus Private Equity which is included in Corporate). The first part of the test is a comparison, at the reporting unit level, of the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value is less than the carrying value, then the second part of the test is needed to measure the amount of potential goodwill impairment. The implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill is calculated and compared to the carrying amount of goodwill recorded in the Firm's financial records. If the carrying value of reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, then the Firm would recognize an impairment loss in the amount of the difference, which would be recorded as a charge against Net income.

The fair values of the reporting units are determined using discounted cash flow models based upon each reporting unit's internal forecasts. In addition, analysis using market- based trading and transaction multiples, where available, are used to assess the reasonableness of the valuations derived from the discounted cash flow models.

Goodwill was not impaired as of December 31, 2005 or 2004, nor was any goodwill written off due to impairment during the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003. See Note 15 on page 114 of this Annual Report for additional information related to the nature and accounting for goodwill and the carrying values of goodwill by major business segment.

employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based upon their fair values. Pro forma disclosure is no longer an alternative. SFAS 123R permits adoption using one of two methods – modified prospective or modified retrospective. In April 2005, the SEC approved a new rule that, for public companies, delays the effective date of SFAS 123R to no later than January 1, 2006. The Firm adopted SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006, under the modified prospective method.

The Firm continued to account for certain stock options that were outstanding as of December 31, 2002, under APB 25 using the intrinsic value method. Therefore, compensation expense for some previously granted awards that was not recognized under SFAS 123 will be recognized commencing January 1, 2006, under SFAS 123R. Had the Firm adopted SFAS 123R in prior periods, the impact would have approximated that shown in the SFAS 123 pro forma disclosures in Note 7 on pages 100–102 of this Annual Report, which presents net income and earnings per share as if all outstanding awards were accounted for at fair value.

Prior to adopting SFAS 123R, the Firm's accounting policy for share-based payment awards granted to retirement-eligible employees was to recognize

compensation cost over the awards' stated service period. For awards granted to retirement-eligible employees in January 2006, which are subject to SFAS 123R, the Firm will recognize compensation expense on the grant date without giving consideration to the impact of post-employment restrictions. This will result in an increase in compensation expense for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2006 of approximately $300 million, as compared with the expense that would have been recognized under the Firm's prior accounting policy. The Firm will also accrue in 2006 the estimated cost of stock awards to be granted to retirement-eligible employees in January 2007.

# Accounting for conditional asset retirement obligations

In March 2005, FASB issued FIN 47 to clarify the term "conditional asset retirement obligation" as used in SFAS 143. Conditional asset retirement obligations are legal obligations to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional based upon a future event that may or may not be within the control of the company. The obligation to perform the asset retirement activity is unconditional even though uncertainty exists about the timing and/or method of settlement. FIN 47 clarifies that a company is required to recognize a liability for the fair value of the conditional asset retirement obligation if the fair value of the liability can be reasonably estimated and provides guidance for determining when a company would have sufficient information to reasonably estimate the fair value of the obligation. The Firm adopted FIN 47 on December 31, 2005. The implementation did not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.

# Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments –

# an Amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140

In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 155, which applies to certain "hybrid financial instruments," which are instruments that contain embedded derivatives. The new standard establishes a requirement to evaluate beneficial interests in securitized financial assets to determine if the interests represent freestanding derivatives or are hybrid financial instruments containing embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation.

This new standard also permits an election for fair value remeasurement of any hybrid financial instrument containing an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation under SFAS 133. The fair value election can be applied on an instrument-by- instrument basis to existing instruments at the date of adoption and can be applied to new instruments on a prospective basis.

Currently, the Firm is planning to adopt this standard effective January 1, 2006. In addition, the Firm is assessing to which qualifying existing and newly issued instruments it will apply the fair value election. Implementation of this standard is not expected to have a material impact on the Firm's financial position or results of operations.

In the normal course of business, JPMorgan Chase trades nonexchange-traded commodity derivative contracts. To determine the fair value of these contracts, the Firm uses various fair value estimation techniques, which are primarily based upon internal models with significant observable market parameters. The Firm's nonexchange-traded commodity derivative contracts are primarily energy-related contracts. The following table summarizes the changes in fair value for nonexchange-traded commodity derivative contracts for the year ended December 31, 2005:

| December 31, 2005 (in millions) | Asset position | Liability position |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Net fair value of contracts outstanding at January 1, 2005 | $1,449 | $999 |
| Effect of legally enforceable master netting agreements | 2,304 | 2,233 |
| Gross fair value of contracts outstanding at January 1, |  |  |
| 2005 | 3,753 | 3,232 |
| Contracts realized or otherwise settled during the period | (12,589) | (10,886) |
| Fair value of new contracts | 37,518 | 30,691 |
| Changes in fair values attributable to changes in valuation |  |  |
| techniques and assumptions | – | – |
| Other changes in fair value | (11,717) | (7,635) |
| Gross fair value of contracts outstanding at December 31, |  |  |
| 2005 | 16,965 | 15,402 |
| Effect of legally enforceable master\nnetting agreements | (10,014) | (10,078) |
| Net fair value of contracts outstanding at December 31,\n2005 | $6,951 | $5,324 |

The following table indicates the schedule of maturities of nonexchange-traded commodity derivative contracts at December 31, 2005:

| At December 31, 2005 (in millions) | Asset position | Liability position |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Maturity less than 1 year | $6,682 | $6,254 |
| Maturity 1–3 years | 8,231 | 7,590 |
| Maturity 4–5 years | 1,616 | 1,246 |
| Maturity in excess of 5 years | 436 | 312 |
| Gross fair value of contracts outstanding at December 31, |  |  |
| 2005 | 16,965 | 15,402 |
| Effects of legally enforceable master netting agreements | (10,014) | (10,078) |
| Net fair value of contracts outstanding at December 31,\n2005 | $6,951 | $5,324 |

Management of JPMorgan Chase & Co. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Firm's principal executive, principal operating and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by JPMorgan Chase's board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

JPMorgan Chase's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records, that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Firm's assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Firm are being made only in accordance with authorizations of JPMorgan Chase's management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Firm's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management has completed an assessment of the effectiveness of the Firm's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005. In making the assessment, management used the framework in "Internal Control –Integrated Framework" promulgated by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, commonly referred to as the "COSO" criteria.

Based upon the assessment performed, management concluded that as of December 31, 2005, JPMorgan Chase's internal control over financial reporting was effective based upon the COSO criteria. Additionally, based upon management's assessment, the Firm determined that there were no material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005.

Management's assessment of the effectiveness of the Firm's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, JPMorgan Chase's independent registered public accounting firm, who also audited the Firm's financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2005, as stated in their report which is included herein.

# William B. Harrison, Jr.

# Chairman of the Board

James Dimon

President and Chief Executive Officer

Michael J. Cavanagh

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

# PRICEWATERHOUSE COOPERS LLP • 300 MADISON AVENUE • NEW YORK, NY 10017

# To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of JPMorgan Chase & Co.:

We have completed integrated audits of JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s 2005 and 2004 consolidated financial statements and of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, and an audit of its 2003 consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Our opinions on JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s 2005, 2004, and 2003 consolidated financial statements and on its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005, based on our audits, are presented below.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders' equity and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its subsidiaries (the "Company") at December 31, 2005 and 2004, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2005 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit of financial statements includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

# Internal control over financial reporting

Also, in our opinion, management's assessment, included in the accompanying Management's report on internal control over financial reporting, that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on those criteria. Furthermore, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of

December 31, 2005, based on criteria established in Internal Control –Integrated Framework issued by the COSO. The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on management's assessment and on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. An audit of internal control over financial reporting includes obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management's assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we consider necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

# Consolidated	statements	of	income

| Year ended December 31, (in millions, except per share data)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Revenue |  |  |  |
| Investment banking fees | $4,088 | $3,537 | $2,890 |
| Trading revenue | 5,860 | 3,612 | 4,427 |
| Lending &amp; deposit related fees | 3,389 | 2,672 | 1,727 |
| Asset management, administration and commissions | 10,390 | 8,165 | 6,039 |
| Securities/private equity gains | 473 | 1,874 | 1,479 |
| Mortgage fees and related income | 1,054 | 806 | 790 |
| Credit card income | 6,754 | 4,840 | 2,466 |
| Other income | 2,694 | 830 | 601 |
| Noninterest revenue | 34,702 | 26,336 | 20,419 |
| Interest income | 45,200 | 30,595 | 24,044 |
| Interest expense | 25,369 | 13,834 | 11,079 |
| Net interest income | 19,831 | 16,761 | 12,965 |
| Total net revenue | 54,533 | 43,097 | 33,384 |
| Provision for credit losses | 3,483 | 2,544 | 1,540 |
| Noninterest expense |  |  |  |
| Compensation expense | 18,255 | 14,506 | 11,387 |
| Occupancy expense | 2,299 | 2,084 | 1,912 |
| Technology and communications expense | 3,624 | 3,702 | 2,844 |
| Professional &amp; outside services | 4,224 | 3,862 | 2,875 |
| Marketing | 1,917 | 1,335 | 710 |
| Other expense | 3,705 | 2,859 | 1,694 |
| Amortization of intangibles | 1,525 | 946 | 294 |
| Merger costs | 722 | 1,365 | — |
| Litigation reserve charge | 2,564 | 3,700 | 100 |
| Total noninterest expense | 38,835 | 34,359 | 21,816 |
| Income before income tax expense | 12,215 | 6,194 | 10,028 |
| Income tax expense | 3,732 | 1,728 | 3,309 |
| Net income | $8,483 | $4,466 | $6,719 |
| Net income applicable to common stock | $8,470 | $4,414 | $6,668 |
| Net income per common share |  |  |  |
| Basic earnings per share | $2.43 | $1.59 | $3.32 |
| Diluted earnings per share | 2.38 | 1.55 | 3.24 |
| Average basic shares | 3,492 | 2,780 | 2,009 |
| Average diluted shares | 3,557 | 2,851 | 2,055 |
| Cash dividends per common share | $1.36 | $1.36 | $1.36 |
| (a) |  |  |  |
| JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. / 2005 Annual Report |  |  | 87 |

The Notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

# Consolidated	balance	sheets

| At December 31, (in millions, except share data) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Assets |  |  |
| Cash and due from banks | $36,670 | $35,168 |
| Deposits with banks | 21,661 | 21,680 |
| Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements | 133,981 | 101,354 |
| Securities borrowed | 74,604 | 47,428 |
| Trading assets (including assets pledged of $79,657 at December 31, 2005, and $77,266 at December 31, 2004)\nSecurities: | 298,377 | 288,814 |
| Available-for-sale (including assets pledged of $17,614 at December 31, 2005, and $26,881 at December 31, 2004) | 47,523 | 94,402 |
| Held-to-maturity (fair value: $80 at December 31, 2005, and $117 at December 31, 2004) | 77 | 110 |
| Interests in purchased receivables | 29,740 | 31,722 |
| Loans | 419,148 | 402,114 |
| Allowance for loan losses | (7,090) | (7,320) |
| Loans, net of Allowance for loan losses | 412,058 | 394,794 |
| Private equity investments | 6,374 | 7,735 |
| Accrued interest and accounts receivable | 22,421 | 21,409 |
| Premises and equipment | 9,081 | 9,145 |
| Goodwill | 43,621 | 43,203 |
| Other intangible assets:\nMortgage servicing rights | 6,452 | 5,080 |
| Purchased credit card relationships | 3,275 | 3,878 |
| All other intangibles | 4,832 | 5,726 |
| Other assets | 48,195 | 45,600 |
| Total assets | $1,198,942 | $ 1,157,248 |
| Liabilities |  |  |
| Deposits: |  |  |
| U.S. offices: |  |  |
| Noninterest-bearing | $135,599 | $129,257 |
| Interest-bearing | 287,774 | 261,673 |
| Non-U.S. offices:\nNoninterest-bearing | 7,476 | 6,931 |
| Interest-bearing | 124,142 | 123,595 |
| Total deposits | 554,991 | 521,456 |
| Federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements | 125,925 | 127,787 |
| Commercial paper | 13,863 | 12,605 |
| Other borrowed funds | 10,479 | 9,039 |
| Trading liabilities | 145,930 | 151,207 |
| Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities (including the Allowance for lending-related commitments of $400 at December 31, 2005, and\n$492 at December 31, 2004) | 78,460 | 75,722 |
| Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs | 42,197 | 48,061 |
| Long-term debt | 108,357 | 95,422 |
| Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures held by trusts that issued guaranteed capital debt securities | 11,529 | 10,296 |
| Total liabilities | 1,091,731 | 1,051,595 |
| Commitments and contingencies (see Note 25 of this Annual Report) |  |  |
| Stockholders' equity |  |  |
| Preferred stock | 139 | 339 |
| Common stock (authorized 9,000,000,000 shares at December 31, 2005 and 2004; issued 3,618,189,597 shares and 3,584,747,502 shares at\nDecember 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively) | 3,618 | 3,585 |
| Capital surplus | 74,994 | 72,801 |
| Retained earnings | 33,848 | 30,209 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (626) | (208) |
| Treasury stock, at cost (131,500,350 shares at December 31, 2005, and 28,556,534 shares at December 31, 2004) | (4,762) | (1,073) |
| Total stockholders' equity | 107,211 | 105,653 |
| Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $1,198,942 | $ 1,157,248 |

# Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity

| Year ended December 31, (in millions, except per share data)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Preferred stock |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of year | $339 | $1,009 | $1,009 |
| Redemption of preferred stock | (200) | (670) | — |
| Balance at end of year | 139 | 339 | 1,009 |
| Common stock |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of year | 3,585 | 2,044 | 2,024 |
| Issuance of common stock | 33 | 72 | 20 |
| Issuance of common stock for purchase accounting acquisitions | — | 1,469 | — |
| Balance at end of year | 3,618 | 3,585 | 2,044 |
| Capital surplus |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of year | 72,801 | 13,512 | 13,222 |
| Issuance of common stock and options for purchase accounting acquisitions\nShares issued and commitments to issue common stock for employee stock-based | — | 55,867 | — |
| awards and related tax effects | 2,193 | 3,422 | 290 |
| Balance at end of year | 74,994 | 72,801 | 13,512 |
| Retained earnings |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of year | 30,209 | 29,681 | 25,851 |
| Net income | 8,483 | 4,466 | 6,719 |
| Cash dividends declared:\nPreferred stock | (13) | (52) | (51) |
| Common stock ($1.36 per share each year) | (4,831) | (3,886) | (2,838) |
| Balance at end of year | 33,848 | 30,209 | 29,681 |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of year | (208) | (30) | 1,227 |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | (418) | (178) | (1,257) |
| Balance at end of year | (626) | (208) | (30) |
| Treasury stock, at cost |  |  |  |
| Balance at beginning of year | (1,073) | (62) | (1,027) |
| Purchase of treasury stock | (3,412) | (738) | — |
| Reissuance from treasury stock | — | — | 1,082 |
| Share repurchases related to employee stock-based awards | (277) | (273) | (117) |
| Balance at end of year | (4,762) | (1,073) | (62) |
| Total stockholders' equity | $107,211 | $105,653 | $46,154 |
| Comprehensive income |  |  |  |
| Net income | $8,483 | $4,466 | $6,719 |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | (418) | (178) | (1,257) |
| Comprehensive income | $8,065 | $4,288 | $5,462 |
| (a) |  |  |  |
| JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. / 2005 Annual Report |  |  | 89 |

# Consolidated statements of cash flows

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Operating activities |  |  |  |
| Net income | $8,483 | $4,466 | $6,719 |
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:\nProvision for credit losses | 3,483 | 2,544 | 1,540 |
| Depreciation and amortization | 4,318 | 3,835 | 3,101 |
| Deferred tax (benefit) provision | (1,791) | (827) | 1,428 |
| Investment securities (gains) losses | 1,336 | (338) | (1,446) |
| Private equity unrealized (gains) losses | 55 | (766) | (77) |
| Gain on dispositions of businesses | (1,254) | (17) | (68) |
| Net change in: |  |  |  |
| Trading assets | (3,845) | (48,703) | (2,671) |
| Securities borrowed | (27,290) | (4,816) | (7,691) |
| Accrued interest and accounts receivable | (1,934) | (2,391) | 1,809 |
| Other assets | (9) | (17,588) | (9,848) |
| Trading liabilities | (12,578) | 29,764 | 15,769 |
| Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | 5,532 | 13,277 | 5,973 |
| Other operating adjustments | 1,267 | (245) | 63 |
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | (24,227) | (21,805) | 14,601 |
| Investing activities |  |  |  |
| Net change in: |  |  |  |
| Deposits with banks | 104 | (4,196) | (1,233) |
| Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements | (32,469) | (13,101) | (11,059) |
| Other change in loans | (148,894) | (136,851) | (171,779) |
| Held-to-maturity securities:\nProceeds | 33 | 66 | 221 |
| Available-for-sale securities:\nProceeds from maturities | 31,053 | 45,197 | 10,548 |
| Proceeds from sales | 82,902 | 134,534 | 315,738 |
| Purchases | (81,749) | (173,745) | (301,854) |
| Proceeds due to the sale and securitization of loans | 126,310 | 108,637 | 170,870 |
| Net cash (used) received in business acquisitions or dispositions | (1,039) | 13,864 | (575) |
| All other investing activities, net | 4,796 | 2,519 | 1,541 |
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | (18,953) | (23,076) | 12,418 |
| Financing activities |  |  |  |
| Net change in:\nDeposits | 31,415 | 52,082 | 21,851 |
| Federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements | (1,862) | 7,065 | (56,017) |
| Commercial paper and other borrowed funds | 2,618 | (4,343) | 555 |
| Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt and capital debt securities | 43,721 | 25,344 | 17,195 |
| Repayments of long-term debt and capital debt securities | (26,883) | (16,039) | (8,316) |
| Proceeds from the issuance of stock and stock-related awards | 682 | 848 | 1,213 |
| Redemption of preferred stock | (200) | (670) | — |
| Treasury stock purchased | (3,412) | (738) | — |
| Cash dividends paid | (4,878) | (3,927) | (2,865) |
| All other financing activities, net | 3,868 | (26) | 133 |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 45,069 | 59,596 | (26,251) |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and due from banks | (387) | 185 | 282 |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks | 1,502 | 14,900 | 1,050 |
| Cash and due from banks at the beginning of the year | 35,168 | 20,268 | 19,218 |
| Cash and due from banks at the end of the year | $36,670 | $35,168 | $20,268 |
| Cash interest paid | $24,583 | $13,384 | $10,976 |
| Cash income taxes paid | $4,758 | $1,477 | $1,337 |

Note: In 2004, the fair values of noncash assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Merger with Bank One were $320.9 billion and $277.0 billion, respectively, and approximately 1,469 million shares of common stock, valued at approximately $57.3 billion, were issued in connection with the merger with Bank One.

# Note 1 — Basis of presentation

JPMorgan Chase & Co. ("JPMorgan Chase" or the "Firm"), a financial holding company incorporated under Delaware law in 1968, is a leading global financial services firm and one of the largest banking institutions in the United States, with operations worldwide. The Firm is a leader in investment banking, financial services for consumers and businesses, financial transaction processing, investment management, private banking and private equity. For a discussion of the Firm's business segment information, see Note 31 on pages 130—131 of this Annual Report.

The accounting and financial reporting policies of JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") and prevailing industry practices. Additionally, where applicable, the policies conform to the accounting and reporting guidelines prescribed by bank regulatory authorities.

Certain amounts in the prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

# Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include accounts of JPMorgan Chase and other entities in which the Firm has a controlling financial interest. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

The usual condition for a controlling financial interest is ownership of a majority of the voting interests of an entity. However, a controlling financial interest may also exist in entities, such as special purpose entities ("SPEs"), through arrangements that do not involve controlling voting interests.

SPEs are an important part of the financial markets, providing market liquidity by facilitating investors' access to specific portfolios of assets and risks. They are, for example, critical to the functioning of the mortgage- and asset-backed securities and commercial paper markets. SPEs may be organized as trusts, partnerships or corporations and are typically set up for a single, discrete purpose. SPEs are not typically operating entities and usually have a limited life and no employees. The basic SPE structure involves a company selling assets to the SPE. The SPE funds the purchase of those assets by issuing securities to investors. The legal documents that govern the transaction describe how the cash earned on the assets must be allocated to the SPE's investors and other parties that have rights to those cash flows. SPEs can be structured to be bankruptcy-remote, thereby insulating investors from the impact of the creditors of other entities, including the seller of the assets.

There are two different accounting frameworks applicable to SPEs: the qualifying SPE ("QSPE") framework under SFAS 140; and the variable interest entity ("VIE") framework under FIN 46R. The applicable framework depends on the nature of the entity and the Firm's relation to that entity. The QSPE framework is applicable when an entity transfers (sells) financial assets to an SPE meeting certain criteria defined in SFAS 140. These criteria are designed to ensure that the activities of the entity are essentially predetermined at the inception of the vehicle and that the transferor of the financial assets cannot exercise control over the entity and the assets therein. Entities meeting these criteria are not consolidated by the transferor or other counterparties, as long as they do not have the unilateral ability to liquidate or to cause the entity to no longer meet the QSPE criteria. The Firm primarily follows the QSPE model for securitizations of its residential and commercial mortgages, credit card loans and automobile loans. For further details, see Note 13 on pages 108—111 of this Annual Report.

When the SPE does not meet the QSPE criteria, consolidation is assessed pursuant to FIN 46R. Under FIN 46R, a VIE is defined as an entity that: (1) lacks enough equity investment at risk to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties; (2) has equity owners that lack the right to make significant decisions affecting the entity's operations; and/or (3) has equity owners that do not have an obligation to absorb or the right to receive the entity's losses or returns.

FIN 46R requires a variable interest holder (i.e., a counterparty to a VIE) to consolidate the VIE if that party will absorb a majority of the expected losses of the VIE, receive the majority of the expected residual returns of the VIE, or both. This party is considered the primary beneficiary. In making this determination, the Firm thoroughly evaluates the VIE's design, capital structure and relationships among variable interest holders. When the primary beneficiary cannot be identified through a qualitative analysis, the Firm performs a quantitative analysis, which computes and allocates expected losses or residual returns to variable interest holders. The allocation of expected cash flows in this analysis is based upon the relative contractual rights and preferences of each interest holder in the VIE's capital structure. For further details, see Note 14 on pages 111—113 of this Annual Report.

All retained interests and significant transactions between the Firm, QSPEs and nonconsolidated VIEs are reflected on JPMorgan Chase's Consolidated balance sheets or in the Notes to consolidated financial statements.

Investments in companies that are considered to be voting-interest entities under FIN 46R in which the Firm has significant influence over operating and financing decisions are accounted for in accordance with the equity method of accounting. These investments are generally included in Other assets, and the Firm's share of income or loss is included in Other income. For a discussion of private equity investments, see Note 9 on pages 103—105 of this Annual Report.

Assets held for clients in an agency or fiduciary capacity by the Firm are not assets of JPMorgan Chase and are not included in the Consolidated balance sheets.

# Use of estimates in the preparation of consolidated financial statements

The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could be different from these estimates.

# Foreign currency translation

JPMorgan Chase revalues assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies into U.S. dollars using applicable exchange rates.

Gains and losses relating to translating functional currency financial statements for U.S. reporting are included in Other comprehensive income (loss) within Stockholders' equity. Gains and losses relating to nonfunctional currency transactions, including non- U.S. operations where the functional currency is the U.S. dollar and operations in highly inflationary environments, are reported in the Consolidated statements of income.

# Statements of cash flows

For JPMorgan Chase's Consolidated statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are defined as those amounts included in Cash and due from banks.

# Significant accounting policies

The following table identifies JPMorgan Chase's significant accounting policies and the Note and page where a detailed description of each policy can be found:

| Trading activities | Note   3 | Page   94 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Other noninterest revenue | Note   4 | Page   95 |
| Pension and other postretirement employee benefit\nplans | Note   6 | Page   96 |
| Employee stock-based incentives | Note   7 | Page 100 |
| Securities and private equity investments | Note   9 | Page 103 |
| Securities financing activities | Note 10 | Page 105 |
| Loans | Note 11 | Page 106 |
| Allowance for credit losses | Note 12 | Page 107 |
| Loan securitizations | Note 13 | Page 108 |
| Variable interest entities | Note 14 | Page 111 |
| Goodwill and other intangible assets | Note 15 | Page 114 |
| Premises and equipment | Note 16 | Page 116 |
| Income taxes | Note 22 | Page 120 |
| Accounting for derivative instruments and hedging\nactivities | Note 26 | Page 123 |
| Off-balance sheet lending-related financial\ninstruments and guarantees | Note 27 | Page 124 |
| Fair value of financial instruments | Note 29 | Page 126 |

# Note 2 – Business changes and developments

Bank One Corporation merged with and into JPMorgan Chase (the "Merger") on July 1, 2004. As a result of the Merger, each outstanding share of common stock of Bank One was converted in a stock-for-stock exchange into 1.32 shares of common stock of JPMorgan Chase. JPMorgan Chase stockholders kept their shares, which remained outstanding and unchanged as shares of JPMorgan Chase following the Merger. Key objectives of the Merger were to provide the Firm with a more balanced business mix and greater geographic diversification. The Merger was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting, which requires that the assets and liabilities of Bank One be fair valued as of July 1, 2004. The purchase price to complete the Merger was $58.5 billion.

As part of the Merger, certain accounting policies and practices were conformed, which resulted in $976 million of charges in 2004. The significant components of the conformity charges comprised a $1.4 billion charge related to the decertification of the seller's interest in credit card securitizations, and the benefit of a $584 million reduction in the allowance for credit losses as a result of conforming the wholesale and consumer credit provision methodologies.

The final purchase price of the Merger has been allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed using their fair values as of the merger date. The computation of the purchase price and the allocation of the purchase price to the net assets of Bank One – based on their respective fair values as of July 1, 2004 – and the resulting goodwill are presented below.

| Bank One common stock exchanged | 1,113 |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Exchange ratio | 1.32 |  |
| JPMorgan Chase common stock issued | 1,469 |  |
| Average purchase price per JPMorgan Chase common\nshare(a) | $39.02 |  |
|  |  | $ 57,336 |
| Fair value of employee stock awards and\ndirect acquisition costs |  | 1,210 |
| Total purchase price |  | $ 58,546 |
| Net assets acquired: |  |  |
| Bank One stockholders' equity | $ 24,156 |  |
| Bank One goodwill and other intangible assets | (2,754) |  |
| Subtotal | 21,402 |  |
| Adjustments to reflect assets\nacquired at fair value: |  |  |
| Loans and leases | (2,261) |  |
| Private equity investments | (72) |  |
| Identified intangibles | 8,665 |  |
| Pension plan assets | (778) |  |
| Premises and equipment | (417) |  |
| Other assets | (267) |  |
| Amounts to reflect liabilities assumed at fair value: |  |  |
| Deposits | (373) |  |
| Deferred income taxes | 932 |  |
| Other postretirement benefit plan liabilities | (49) |  |
| Other liabilities | (1,162) |  |
| Long-term debt | (1,234) |  |

(a)   The value of the Firm's common stock exchanged with Bank One shareholders was based on the average closing prices of the Firm's common stock for the two days prior to, and the two days following, the announcement of the Merger on January 14, 2004.

(b)   Goodwill resulting from the Merger reflects adjustments of the allocation of the purchase price to the net assets acquired through June 30, 2005. Minor adjustments subsequent to June 30, 2005, are reflected in the December 31, 2005 Goodwill balance in Note 15 on page 114 of this Annual Report.

# Condensed statement of net assets acquired

The following condensed statement of net assets acquired reflects the fair value of Bank One net assets as of July 1, 2004.

| (in millions) | July 1, 2004 |
| :--- | :--- |
| Assets |  |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $14,669 |
| Securities | 70,512 |
| Interests in purchased receivables | 30,184 |
| Loans, net of allowance for loan losses | 129,650 |
| Goodwill and other intangible assets | 42,825 |
| All other assets | 47,739 |
| Total assets | $335,579 |
| Liabilities |  |
| Deposits | $164,848 |
| Short-term borrowings | 9,811 |
| All other liabilities | 61,494 |
| Long-term debt | 40,880 |
| Total liabilities | 277,033 |
| Net assets acquired | $58,546 |

# Acquired, identifiable intangible assets

Components of the fair value of acquired, identifiable intangible assets as of July 1, 2004, were as follows:

|  | Fair value<br>(in millions) | Weighted average<br>life (in years) | Useful life<br>(in years) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Core deposit intangibles | $3,650 | 5.1 | Up to 10 |
| Purchased credit card relationships | 3,340 | 4.6 | Up to 10 |
| Other credit card-related intangibles | 295 | 4.6 | Up to 10 |
| Other customer relationship intangibles | 870 | 4.6–10.5 | Up to 20 |
| Subtotal\nIndefinite-lived asset management | 8,155 | 5.1 | Up to 20 |
| intangibles | 510 | NA | NA |
| Total | $8,665 |  |  |

# Unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information

The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information presents the results of operations of the Firm had the Merger taken place at January 1, 2003.

| Year ended December 31, (in millions, except per share) | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Noninterest revenue | $31,175 | $28,966 |
| Net interest income | 21,366 | 21,715 |
| Total net revenue | 52,541 | 50,681 |
| Provision for credit losses | 2,727 | 3,570 |
| Noninterest expense | 40,504 | 33,136 |
| Income before income tax expense | 9,310 | 13,975 |
| Net income | $6,544 | $9,330 |
| Net income per common share: |  |  |
| Basic | $1.85 | $2.66 |
| Diluted | 1.81 | 2.61 |
| Average common shares outstanding: |  |  |
| Basic | 3,510 | 3,495 |
| Diluted | 3,593 | 3,553 |

# Other business events

On November 30, 2005, JPMorgan Chase sold BrownCo, an on-line deep-discount brokerage business, to E*TRADE Financial for a cash purchase price of $1.6 billion. JPMorgan Chase recognized an after-tax gain of $752 million. BrownCo's results of operations are reported in the Asset & Wealth Management business segment; however, the gain on the sale, which is recorded in Other income in the Consolidated statements of income, is reported in the Corporate business segment.

# Other acquisitions

During 2004, JPMorgan Chase purchased the Electronic Financial Services ("EFS") business from Citigroup and acquired a majority interest in hedge fund manager Highbridge Capital Management ("Highbridge").

# Note 3 – Trading activities

Trading assets include debt and equity securities held for trading purposes that JPMorgan Chase owns ("long" positions). Trading liabilities include debt and equity securities that the Firm has sold to other parties but does not own ("short" positions). The Firm is obligated to purchase securities at a future date to cover the short positions. Included in Trading assets and Trading liabilities are the reported receivables (unrealized gains) and payables (unrealized losses) related to derivatives. These amounts include the derivative assets and liabilities net of cash received and paid, respectively, under legally enforceable master netting agreements. At December 31, 2005, the amount of cash received and paid was approximately $26.7 billion and $18.9 billion, respectively. At December 31, 2004, the amount of cash received and paid was approximately $32.2 billion and $22.0 billion, respectively. Trading positions are carried at fair value on the Consolidated balance sheets.

# Trading revenue

| Year ended December 31,(a) (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Fixed income and other(b) | $4,554 | $2,976 | $4,046 |
| Equities(c) | 1,271 | 797 | 764 |
| Credit portfolio(d) | 35 | (161) | (383) |
| Total | $5,860 | $3,612 | $4,427 |

(b) Includes bonds and commercial paper and various types of interest rate derivatives as well as foreign exchange and commodities.

(c) Includes equity securities and equity derivatives.

(d) Includes credit derivatives.

# Trading assets and liabilities

The following table presents the fair value of Trading assets and Trading liabilities for the dates indicated:

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Trading assets |  |  |
| Debt and equity instruments: |  |  |
| U.S. government and federal agency obligations | $16,283 | $16,867 |
| U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations | 24,172 | 23,513 |
| Obligations of state and political subdivisions\nCertificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances and commercial | 9,887 | 3,486 |
| paper | 5,652 | 7,341 |
| Debt securities issued by non-U.S. governments | 48,671 | 50,699 |
| Corporate securities and other | 143,925 | 120,926 |
| Total debt and equity instruments\nDerivative receivables: | 248,590 | 222,832 |
| Interest rate | 30,416 | 45,892 |
| Foreign exchange | 2,855 | 7,939 |
| Equity | 5,575 | 6,120 |
| Credit derivatives | 3,464 | 2,945 |
| Commodity | 7,477 | 3,086 |
| Total derivative receivables | 49,787 | 65,982 |
| Total trading assets | $298,377 | $288,814 |
| Trading liabilities |  |  |
| Debt and equity instruments (a) | $94,157 | $87,942 |
| Derivative payables:\nInterest rate | 28,488 | 41,075 |
| Foreign exchange | 3,453 | 8,969 |
| Equity | 11,539 | 9,096 |
| Credit derivatives | 2,445 | 2,499 |
| Commodity | 5,848 | 1,626 |
| Total derivative payables | 51,773 | 63,265 |
| Total trading liabilities | $145,930 | $151,207 |

# (a)   Primarily represents securities sold, not yet purchased.

Average Trading assets and liabilities were as follows for the periods indicated:

| Year ended December 31,(a) (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Trading assets – debt and equity instruments | $237,370 | $200,467 | $154,597 |
| Trading assets – derivative receivables | 57,365 | 59,521 | 85,628 |
| Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments (b) | $93,102 | $82,204 | $72,877 |
| Trading liabilities – derivative payables | 55,723 | 52,761 | 67,783 |

(b)   Primarily represents securities sold, not yet purchased.

# Note 4 – Other noninterest revenue

# Investment banking fees

This revenue category includes advisory and equity and debt underwriting fees. Advisory fees are recognized as revenue when related services are performed. Underwriting fees are recognized as revenue when the Firm has rendered all services to the issuer and is entitled to collect the fee from the issuer, as long as there are no other contingencies associated with the fee (e.g., the fee is not contingent upon the customer obtaining financing). Underwriting fees are net of syndicate expenses. In addition, the Firm recognizes credit arrangement and syndication fees as revenue after satisfying certain retention, timing and yield criteria.

The following table presents the components of Investment banking fees:

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Underwriting:\nEquity | $864 | $780 | $699 |
| Debt | 1,969 | 1,859 | 1,549 |
| Total Underwriting | 2,833 | 2,639 | 2,248 |
| Advisory | 1,255 | 898 | 642 |
| Total | $4,088 | $3,537 | $2,890 |

# Lending & deposit related fees

This revenue category includes fees from loan commitments, standby letters of credit, financial guarantees, deposit-related fees in lieu of compensating balances, cash management-related activities or transactions, deposit accounts, and other loan servicing activities. These fees are recognized over the period in which the related service is provided.

# Asset management, administration and commissions

This revenue category includes fees from investment management and related services, custody and institutional trust services, brokerage services, insurance premiums and commissions and other products. These fees are recognized over the period in which the related service is provided.

# Mortgage fees and related income

This revenue category includes fees and income derived from mortgage origination, sales and servicing, and includes the effect of risk management activities associated with the mortgage pipeline, warehouse and the mortgage servicing rights ("MSRs") asset (excluding gains and losses on the sale of Available-for-sale ("AFS") securities). Origination fees and gains or losses on loan sales are recognized in income upon sale. Mortgage servicing fees are recognized over the period the related service is provided, net of amortization. Valuation changes in the mortgage pipeline, warehouse, MSR asset and corresponding risk management instruments are generally adjusted through earnings as these changes occur. Net interest income and securities gains and losses on AFS securities used in mortgage-related risk management activities are not included in Mortgage fees and related income. For a further discussion of MSRs, see Note 15 on pages 114–116 of this Annual Report.

# Credit card income

This revenue category includes interchange income from credit and debit cards, annual fees, and servicing fees earned in connection with securitization activities. Volume- related payments to partners and expenses for rewards programs are also recorded within Credit card income. Fee revenues are recognized as earned, except for annual fees, which are recognized over a 12-month period. Expenses related to rewards programs are recorded when earned by the customer.

# Credit card revenue sharing agreements

The Firm has contractual agreements with numerous affinity organizations and co-brand partners, which grant to the Firm exclusive rights to market to their members or customers. These organizations and partners provide to the Firm their endorsement of the credit card programs, mailing lists, and may also conduct marketing activities and provide awards under the various credit card programs. The terms of these agreements generally range from 3 to 10 years. The economic incentives the Firm pays to the endorsing organizations and partners typically include payments based upon new accounts, activation, charge volumes, and the cost of their marketing activities and awards.

The Firm recognizes the portion of payments based upon new accounts to the affinity organizations and co-brand partners, as deferred loan origination costs. The Firm defers these costs and amortizes them over 12 months. Payments based upon charge volumes and considered by the Firm as revenue sharing with the affinity organizations and co-brand partners are deducted from Credit card income as the related revenue is earned. The Firm expenses payments based upon marketing efforts performed by the endorsing organization or partner to activate a new account as incurred. These costs are recorded within Noninterest expense.

# Note 5 – Interest income and interest expense

Details of Interest income and Interest expense were as follows:

# Note 6 – Pension and other postretirement employee benefit plans

New U.S.-based postretirement plans were introduced in 2005 after the Bank One plans were merged into the heritage JPMorgan Chase plans as of December 31, 2004.

The Firm's defined benefit pension plans are accounted for in accordance with SFAS 87 and SFAS 88. The postretirement medical and life insurance plans are accounted for in accordance with SFAS 106.

The Firm uses a measurement date of December 31 for pension and other postretirement employee benefit plans. In addition, as of August 1, 2005, the U.S. postretirement medical and life insurance plan was remeasured to reflect a mid-year plan amendment and the final Medicare Part D regulations that were issued on January 21, 2005. For the Firm's defined benefit pension plan assets, fair value is used to determine the expected return on pension plan assets. For the Firm's other postretirement employee benefit plan assets, a calculated value that recognizes changes in fair value over a five-year period is used to determine the expected return on other postretirement employee benefit plan assets. Unrecognized net actuarial gains and losses and prior service costs associated with the U.S. defined benefit pension plan are amortized over the average future service period of plan participants, which is currently 10 years. For other postretirement employee benefit plans, unrecognized gains and losses are also amortized over the average future service period, which is currently 8 years. However, prior service costs associated with other postretirement employee benefit plans are recognized over the average years of service remaining to full eligibility age, which is currently 6 years.

# Defined Benefit Pension Plans

The Firm has a qualified noncontributory U.S. defined benefit pension plan that provides benefits to substantially all U.S. employees. The U.S. plan employs a cash balance formula, in the form of salary and interest credits, to determine the benefits to be provided at retirement, based upon eligible compensation and years of service. Employees begin to accrue plan benefits after completing one year of service, and benefits generally vest after five years of service. The Firm also offers benefits through defined benefit pension plans to qualifying employees in certain non-U.S. locations based upon eligible compensation and years of service.

It is the Firm's policy to fund the pension plans in amounts sufficient to meet the requirements under applicable employee benefit and local tax laws. The Firm did not make any U.S. pension plan contributions in 2005 and based upon the current funded status of this plan, the Firm does not expect to make significant contributions in 2006. In 2004, the Firm made a cash contribution to its U.S. defined benefit pension plan of $1.1 billion, funding the plan to the maximum allowable amount under applicable tax law. Additionally, the Firm made cash contributions totaling $78 million and $40 million to fully fund the accumulated benefit obligations of certain non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

# Postretirement medical and life insurance

JPMorgan Chase offers postretirement medical and life insurance benefits to certain retirees and qualifying U.S. employees. These benefits vary with length of service and date of hire and provide for limits on the Firm's share of covered medical benefits. The medical benefits are contributory, while the life insurance benefits are noncontributory. As of August 1, 2005, the eligibility requirements for U.S. employees to qualify for subsidized retiree medical coverage were revised and life insurance coverage was eliminated for active employees retiring after 2005. Postretirement medical benefits also are offered to qualifying U.K. employees.

In December 2003, the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (the "Act") was enacted. The Act established a prescription drug benefit under Medicare ("Medicare Part D") and a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. The Firm has determined that benefits provided to certain participants are at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D and has reflected the effects of the subsidy in the financial statements and disclosures retroactive to the beginning of 2004 (July 1, 2004 for Bank One plans) in accordance with FSP SFAS 106-2.

JPMorgan Chase's U.S. postretirement benefit obligation is partially funded with corporate-owned life insurance ("COLI") purchased on the lives of eligible employees and retirees. While the Firm owns the COLI policies, COLI proceeds (death benefits, withdrawals and other distributions) may be used only to reimburse the Firm for net postretirement benefit claim payments and related administrative expenses. The U.K. postretirement benefit plan is unfunded.

The following tables present the funded status and amounts reported on the Consolidated balance sheets, the accumulated benefit obligation and the components of net periodic benefit costs reported in the Consolidated statements of income for the Firm's U.S. and non-U.S. defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit plans:

|  | U.S. | U.S. | Non-U.S. | Non-U.S. | Other postretirement benefit plans (c)(d) | Other postretirement benefit plans (c)(d) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004(b) | 2005 | 2004(b) | 2005 | 2004(b) |
| Change in benefit obligation |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Benefit obligation at beginning of year | $(7,594) | $(4,633) | $(1,969) | $(1,659) | $(1,577) | $(1,252) |
| Merger with Bank One | — | (2,497) | — | (25) | — | (216) |
| Cazenove business partnership | — | — | (291) | — | — | — |
| Benefits earned during the year | (280) | (251) | (25) | (17) | (13) | (15) |
| Interest cost on benefit obligations | (431) | (348) | (104) | (87) | (81) | (81) |
| Plan amendments | — | 70 | — | — | 117 | 32 |
| Employee contributions | — | — | — | — | (44) | (36) |
| Actuarial gain (loss) | (122) | (511) | (310) | (99) | 21 | (163) |
| Benefits paid | 723 | 555 | 66 | 64 | 187 | 167 |
| Curtailments | 28 | 21 | — | — | (9) | (8) |
| Special termination benefits | — | — | — | (12) | (1) | (2) |
| Foreign exchange impact and other | — | — | 255 | (134) | 5 | (3) |
| Benefit obligation at end of year | $(7,676) | $(7,594) | $(2,378) | $(1,969) | $(1,395) | $(1,577) |
| Change in plan assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | $9,637 | $4,866 | $1,889 | $1,603 | $1,302 | $1,149 |
| Merger with Bank One | — | 3,280 | — | 20 | — | 98 |
| Cazenove business partnership | — | — | 252 | — | — | — |
| Actual return on plan assets | 703 | 946 | 308 | 164 | 43 | 84 |
| Firm contributions | — | 1,100 | 78 | 40 | 3 | 2 |
| Benefits paid | (723) | (555) | (66) | (64) | (19) | (31) |
| Foreign exchange impact and other | — | — | (238) | 126 | — | — |
| Fair value of plan assets at end of year | $9,617(e) | $9,637(e) | $2,223 | $1,889 | $1,329 | $1,302 |
| Reconciliation of funded status |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Funded status\nUnrecognized amounts: (a) | $1,941 | $2,043 | $(155) | $(80) | $(66) | $(275) |
| Net transition asset | — | — | — | (1) | — | — |
| Prior service cost | 40 | 47 | 3 | 4 | (105) | (23) |
| Net actuarial loss | 1,078 | 997 | 599 | 590 | 335 | 321 |
| Prepaid benefit cost reported in Other assets | $3,059 | $3,087 | $447(f) | $513(f) | $164 | $23 |
| Accumulated benefit obligation | $(7,274) | $(7,167) | $(2,303) | $(1,931) | NA | NA |

(a) For pension benefit plans, the unrecognized net loss is primarily the result of declines in interest rates in recent years, as offset by recent asset gains and amounts recognized through amortization in expense. Other factors that contribute to this unrecognized amount include demographic experience, which differs from expected, and changes in other actuarial assumptions. For other postretirement benefit plans, the primary drivers of the cumulative unrecognized loss was the decline in the discount rate in recent years and the medical trend, which was higher than expected. These losses have been offset somewhat by the recognition of future savings attributable to Medicare Part D subsidy payments.

(b) Effective July 1, 2004, the Firm assumed the obligations of heritage Bank One's pension and postretirement plans. These plans were similar to those of JPMorgan Chase and were merged into the Firm's plans effective December 31, 2004.

(c) The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 resulted in a $35 million reduction in the Accumulated other postretirement benefit obligation as of January 1, 2004. During 2005, an additional $116 million reduction was reflected for recognition of the final Medicare Part D regulations issued on January 21, 2005.

(d) Includes postretirement benefit obligation of $44 million and $43 million and postretirement benefit liability (included in Accrued expenses) of $50 million and $57 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, for the U.K. plan, which is unfunded.

(e) At December 31, 2005 and 2004, approximately $405 million and $358 million, respectively, of U.S. plan assets relate to surplus assets of group annuity contracts.

(f) At December 31, 2005 and 2004, Accrued expenses related to non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans that JPMorgan Chase elected not to prefund fully totaled $164 million and $124 million, respectively.

|  |  |  | Defined benefit pension plans | Defined benefit pension plans |  |  |  |  |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
|  | U.S. | U.S. | U.S. | Non-U.S. | Non-U.S. | Non-U.S. | Other postretirement benefit plans | Other postretirement benefit plans | Other postretirement benefit plans |
| For the year ended December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004(a) | 2003(b) | 2005 | 2004(a) | 2003(b) | 2005(c) | 2004(a) (c) | 2003(b) |
| Components of net periodic benefit cost |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Benefits earned during the period | $280 | $251 | $180 | $25 | $17 | $16 | $13 | $15 | $15 |
| Interest cost on benefit obligations | 431 | 348 | 262 | 104 | 87 | 74 | 81 | 81 | 73 |
| Expected return on plan assets | (694) | (556) | (322) | (109) | (90) | (83) | (90) | (86) | (92) |
| Amortization of unrecognized amounts:\nPrior service cost | 5 | 13 | 6 | 1 | 1 | — | (10) | — | 1 |
| Net actuarial loss | 4 | 23 | 62 | 38 | 44 | 35 | 12 | — | — |
| Curtailment (gain) loss | 2 | 7 | 2 | — | — | 8 | (17) | 8 | 2 |
| Settlement (gain) loss | — | — | — | — | (1) | — | — | — | — |
| Special termination benefits | — | — | — | — | 11 | — | 1 | 2 | — |
| Reported net periodic benefit costs | $28 | $86 | $190 | $59 | $69 | $50 | $(10) | $20 | $(1) |
| (a) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| December 31, 2004. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| (b)\nHeritage JPMorgan Chase results only for 2003.\n(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. / 2005 Annual Report |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 97 |

(a) Effective July 1, 2004, the Firm assumed the obligations of heritage Bank One's pension and postretirement plans. These plans were similar to those of JPMorgan Chase and were merged into the Firm's plans effective     December 31, 2004.

(b) Heritage JPMorgan Chase results only for 2003.

(c) The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 resulted in a $15 million and $5 million reduction in 2005 and 2004, respectively, in net periodic benefit cost. The impact on 2005 cost was higher as a result of the final Medicare Part D regulations issued on January 21, 2005.

JPMorgan Chase has a number of other defined benefit pension plans (i.e., U.S. plans not subject to Title IV of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act). The most significant of these plans is the Excess Retirement Plan, pursuant to which certain employees earn service credits on compensation amounts above the maximum stipulated by law. This plan is a nonqualified, noncontributory U.S. pension plan with an unfunded liability at December 31, 2005 and 2004, in the amount of $273 million and $292 million, respectively. Compensation expense related to this pension plan totaled $21 million in 2005, $28 million in 2004 and $19 million in 2003.

# Plan assumptions

JPMorgan Chase's expected long-term rate of return for U.S. pension and other postretirement employee benefit plan assets is a blended average of the investment advisor's projected long-term (10 years or more) returns for the various asset classes, weighted by the portfolio allocation. Asset-class returns are developed using a forward- looking building-block approach and are not based strictly upon historical returns. Equity returns are generally developed as the sum of inflation, expected real earnings growth and expected long-term dividend yield. Bond returns are generally developed as the sum of inflation, real bond yield and risk spread (as appropriate), adjusted for the expected effect on returns from changing yields. Other asset-class returns are derived from their relationship to the equity and bond markets.

In the U.K., which represents the most significant of the non-U.S. pension plans, procedures similar to those in the U.S. are used to develop the expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets, taking into consideration local market conditions and the specific allocation of plan assets. The expected

long-term rate of return on U.K. plan assets is an average of projected long-term returns for each asset class, selected by reference to the yield on long-term U.K. government bonds and AA-rated long-term corporate bonds, plus an equity risk premium above the risk-free rate.

In 2005, the discount rate used in determining the benefit obligation under the U.S. pension and other postretirement employee benefit plans was selected by reference to the yield on a portfolio of bonds whose redemptions and coupons closely match each of the plan's projected cash flows; such portfolio is derived from a broad-based universe of high quality corporate bonds as of the measurement date. In years in which this hypothetical bond portfolio generates excess cash, such excess is assumed to be reinvested at the one-year forward rates implied by the Citigroup Pension Discount Curve published as of the measurement date. Prior to 2005, discount rates were selected by reference to the year-end Moody's corporate AA rate, as well as other high- quality indices with a duration that was similar to that of the respective plan's benefit obligations. The discount rate for the U.K. pension and other postretirement employee benefit plans was determined by matching the duration of the Firm's obligations with the corresponding duration from the yield curve of the year-end iBoxx £ corporate AA 15- year-plus bond index.

The following tables present the weighted-average annualized actuarial assumptions for the projected and accumulated benefit obligations, and the components of net periodic benefit costs for the Firm's U.S. and non-U.S. defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit plans, as of year-end.

The following tables present JPMorgan Chase's assumed weighted-average medical benefits cost trend rate, which is used to measure the expected cost of benefits at year- end, and the effect of a one-percentage-point change in the assumed medical benefits cost trend rate.

(b)   2003 reflects the results of heritage JPMorgan Chase only.

At December 31, 2005, the Firm reduced the discount rate used to determine its U.S. benefit obligations to 5.70% for the pension plan and to 5.65% for the postretirement benefits plans from the prior year rate of 5.75% for both plans. The Firm also changed the health care benefit obligation trend assumption to 10% for 2006, grading down to an ultimate rate of 5% in 2013. The 2006 expected long-term rate of return on its U.S. pension plan assets remained at 7.50%. The 2006 expected long-term rate of return on the Firm's COLI post-retirement plan assets remained at 7.00%; however, with the merger of Bank One's other postretirement plan assets, the Firm's overall expected long-term rate of return on U.S. postretirement employee benefit plan assets decreased to 6.84% and 6.80% in 2005 and 2004, respectively, to reflect a weighted average expected rate of return for the merged plan. The interest crediting rate assumption used to determine pension benefits changed to 5.00% from 4.75% in 2005, primarily due to changes in market interest rates which will result in additional expense of $18 million. The changes as of December 31, 2005, to the discount rates are expected to increase 2006 U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit expenses by approximately $5 million and to the non-U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit expenses by $23 million. The rate of compensation increase assumption of 4.00% at December 31, 2005, reflects the consolidation of the prior JPMorgan Chase and Bank One age- weighted increase assumptions; the impact to expense is not expected to be material.

JPMorgan Chase's U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit expenses are most sensitive to the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. With all other assumptions held constant, a 25-basis point decline in the expected long-term rate of return on U.S. plan assets would result in an increase of approximately $26 million in 2006 U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit expenses. A 25-basis point decline in the discount rate for the U.S. plans would result in an increase in 2006 U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit expenses of approximately $20 million and an increase in the related projected benefit obligations of approximately $233 million. A 25-basis point decline in the discount rates for the non-U.S. plans would result in an increase in the 2006 non-U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit expenses of $12 million. A 25-basis point increase in the interest crediting rate would result in an increase in 2006 U.S. pension expense of approximately $18 million.

# Investment strategy and asset allocation

The investment policy for the Firm's postretirement employee benefit plan assets is to optimize the risk-return relationship as appropriate to the respective plan's needs and goals, using a global portfolio of various asset classes diversified by market segment, economic sector, and issuer. Specifically, the goal is to optimize the asset mix for future benefit obligations, while managing various risk factors and each plan's investment return objectives. For example, long-duration fixed income securities are included in the U.S. qualified pension plan's asset allocation, in recognition of its long-duration obligations. Plan assets are managed by a combination of internal and external investment managers and, on a quarterly basis, are rebalanced to target, to the extent economically practical.

The Firm's U.S. pension plan assets are held in various trusts and are invested in well- diversified portfolios of equities (including U.S. large and small capitalization and international equities), fixed income (including corporate and government bonds), Treasury inflation-indexed and high-yield securities, cash equivalents, and other securities. Non-U.S. pension plan assets are held in various trusts and are similarly invested in well-diversified portfolios of equity, fixed income and other securities. Assets of the Firm's COLI policies, which are used to fund partially the U.S. postretirement benefit plan, are held in separate accounts with an insurance company and are invested in equity and fixed income index funds. In addition, tax-exempt municipal debt securities, held in a trust, are used to fund the U.S. postretirement benefit plan. As of December 31, 2005, the assets used to fund the Firm's U.S. and non-U.S. defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit plans do not include JPMorgan Chase common stock, except in connection with investments in third-party stock-index funds.

The following table presents the weighted-average asset allocation at December 31 for the years indicated, and the respective target allocation by asset category, for the Firm's U.S. and non-U.S. defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit plans.

|  | U.S. | U.S. | U.S. | Non-U.S.(a) | Non-U.S.(a) | Non-U.S.(a) | Postretirement benefit plans(b) | Postretirement benefit plans(b) | Postretirement benefit plans(b) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
|  | Target | % of plan assets | % of plan assets | Target | % of plan assets | % of plan assets | Target | % of plan assets | % of plan assets |
| December 31, | Allocation | 2005 | 2004 | Allocation | 2005 | 2004 | Allocation | 2005 | 2004 |
| Asset category |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Debt securities | 30% | 33% | 38% | 74% | 75% | 76% | 50% | 54% | 54% |
| Equity securities | 55 | 57 | 53 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 50 | 46 | 46 |
| Real estate | 5 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| Other | 10 | 4 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Total | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% |

(a) Represents the U.K. defined benefit pension plan only, as plans outside the U.K. are not significant.

(b) Represents the U.S. postretirement benefit plan only, as the U.K. plan is unfunded.

# Estimated future benefit payments

The following table presents benefit payments expected to be paid, which include the effect of expected future service, for the years indicated. The postretirement medical and life insurance payments are net of expected retiree contributions.

| Year ended December 31,<br>(in millions) | U.S. pension<br>benefits | Non-<br>U.S. pension<br>benefits | Other postretirement<br>benefits before<br>Medicare Part D subsidy | Medicare Part D subsidy |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| 2006 | $558 | $67 | $124 | $14 |
| 2007 | 550 | 70 | 127 | 15 |
| 2008 | 565 | 74 | 127 | 16 |
| 2009 | 584 | 77 | 128 | 17 |
| 2010 | 600 | 81 | 129 | 19 |
| Years 2011–2015 | 3,266 | 396 | 633 | 111 |

# Defined contribution plans

JPMorgan Chase offers several defined contribution plans in the U.S. and certain non- U.S. locations. The most significant of these plans is the 401(k) Savings Plan, which covers substantially all U.S. employees. The 401(k) Savings Plan allows employees to make pre-tax contributions to tax-deferred investment portfolios. The JPMorgan Chase Common Stock Fund within the 401(k) Savings Plan is a nonleveraged employee stock ownership plan. The Firm matches eligible employee contributions up to a certain percentage of benefits-eligible compensation per pay period, subject to plan and legal limits. Employees begin to receive matching contributions after completing a specified service requirement and are immediately vested in such company contributions. The Firm's defined contribution plans are administered in accordance with applicable local laws and regulations. Compensation expense related to these plans totaled $392 million in 2005, $317 million in 2004 and $240 million in 2003.

# Note 7 – Employee stock-based incentives

Effective January 1, 2003, JPMorgan Chase adopted SFAS 123 using the prospective transition method. SFAS 123 requires all stock-based compensation awards, including stock options and stock-settled stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), to be accounted for at fair value. The Firm currently uses the Black-Scholes valuation model to estimate the fair value of stock options and SARs. Stock options that were outstanding as of December 31, 2002, continue to be accounted for under APB 25 using the intrinsic value method. Under this method, no expense is recognized for stock options or SARs granted at the stock price on grant date, since such options have no intrinsic value. Compensation expense for restricted stock and restricted stock units ("RSUs") is measured based upon the number of shares granted and the stock price at the grant date. Compensation expense is recognized in earnings over the required service period.

In connection with the Merger in 2004, JPMorgan Chase converted all outstanding Bank One employee stock-based awards at the merger date, and those awards became exercisable for or based upon JPMorgan Chase common stock. The number of awards converted, and the exercise prices of those awards, was adjusted to take into account the Merger exchange ratio of 1.32.

On December 16, 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123R, which revises SFAS 123 and supersedes APB 25. In March 2005, the SEC issued SAB 107, which provides interpretive guidance on SFAS 123R. Accounting and reporting under SFAS 123R is generally similar to the SFAS 123 approach. However, SFAS 123R

requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options and SARs, to be recognized in the income statement based upon their fair values. Pro forma disclosure is no longer an alternative. SFAS 123R permits adoption using one of two methods – modified prospective or modified retrospective. In April 2005, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission approved a new rule that, for public companies, delayed the effective date of SFAS 123R to no later than January 1, 2006. The Firm adopted SFAS 123R on January 1, 2006, under the modified prospective method.

# Key employee stock-based awards

In 2005, JPMorgan Chase granted long-term stock-based awards under the 1996 Long- Term Incentive Plan as amended ("the 1996 Plan") until May 2005 and under the 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan ("the 2005 Plan") thereafter to certain key employees. These two plans, plus prior Firm plans and plans assumed as the result of acquisitions, constitute the Firm's plans ("LTI Plans"). The 2005 Plan was adopted by the Board of Directors on March 15, 2005, and became effective on May 17, 2005, after approval by shareholders at the annual meeting. The 2005 Plan replaces three existing stock compensation plans – the 1996 Plan and two non-shareholder approved plans – all of which expired in May 2005. Under the terms of the 2005 Plan, 275 million shares of common stock are available for issuance during its five-year term. The 2005 Plan is the only active plan under which the Firm is currently granting stock-based incentive awards.

In 2005, 15.5 million SARs settled only in shares and 1.7 million nonqualified stock options were granted. Under the LTI Plans, stock options and SARs are granted with an exercise price equal to JPMorgan Chase's common stock price on the grant date. Generally, options and SARs cannot be exercised until at least one year after the grant date and become exercisable over various periods as determined at the time of the grant. These awards generally expire 10 years after the grant date.

In December 2005, the Firm accelerated the vesting of approximately 41 million unvested, out-of-the-money employee stock options granted in 2001 under the Growth and Performance Incentive Program ("GPIP"), which were scheduled to vest in January 2007. These options were not modified other than to accelerate vesting. The related expense was approximately $145 million, and was recognized as compensation expense in the fourth quarter of 2005. The Firm believes that at the time the options were accelerated they had limited economic value since the exercise price of the accelerated options was $51.22 and the closing price of the Firm's common stock on the effective date of the acceleration was $39.69.

The following table presents a summary of JPMorgan Chase's option and SAR activity under the LTI Plans during the last three years:

|  | 2005 | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 | 2003 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Year ended December 31,(a)\n(Options/SARs in thousands) | Number of\noptions/SARs | Weighted-average\nexercise price | Number of\noptions/SARs | Weighted-average\nexercise price | Number of\noptions | Weighted-average\nexercise price |
| Outstanding, January 1 | 376,330 | $37.59 | 294,026 | $39.88 | 298,731 | $40.84 |
| Granted | 17,248 | 35.55 | 16,667 | 39.79 | 26,751 | 22.15 |
| Bank One Conversion, July 1 | NA | NA | 111,287 | 29.63 | NA | NA |
| Exercised | (26,731) | 24.28 | (27,763) | 25.33 | (14,574) | 17.47 |
| Canceled | (28,272) | 44.77 | (17,887) | 46.68 | (16,882) | 47.57 |
| Outstanding, December 31 | 338,575 | $37.93 | 376,330 | $37.59 | 294,026 | $39.88 |
| Exercisable, December 31 | 286,017 | $38.89 | 246,945 | $36.82 | 176,163 | $37.88 |

(a) 2004 includes six months of awards for the combined Firm and six months of awards for heritage JPMorgan Chase. 2003 reflects the awards for heritage JPMorgan Chase only.

The following table details the distribution of options and SARs outstanding under the LTI Plans at December 31, 2005:

|  | Options/SARs outstanding | Options/SARs outstanding | Options/SARs outstanding | Options/SARs exercisable | Options/SARs exercisable |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (Options/SARs in thousands)\nRange of exercise prices | Outstanding | Weighted-average\nexercise price | Weighted-average remaining\ncontractual life (in years) | Exercisable | Weighted-average\nexercise price |
| $7.27–$20.00 | 2,504 | $19.12 | 0.8 | 2,503 | $19.12 |
| $20.01–$35.00 | 125,422 | 28.02 | 5.8 | 88,418 | 27.22 |
| $35.01–$50.00 | 135,263 | 40.04 | 4.9 | 119,710 | 40.13 |
| $50.01–$63.48 | 75,386 | 51.27 | 4.8 | 75,386 | 51.27 |
| Total | 338,575 | $37.93 | 5.2 | 286,017 | $38.89 |

The following table presents a summary of JPMorgan Chase's restricted stock and RSU activity under the LTI Plans during the last three years:

| (in thousands) | Number of restricted stock/RSUs | Number of restricted stock/RSUs | Number of restricted stock/RSUs |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Year ended December 31,(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| Outstanding, January 1 | 85,099 | 85,527 | 55,886 |
| Granted | 38,115 | 32,514 | 44,552 |
| Bank One conversion | NA | 15,116 | NA |
| Lapsed(b) | (30,413) | (43,349) | (12,545) |
| Forfeited | (8,197) | (4,709) | (2,366) |
| Outstanding, December 31 | 84,604 | 85,099 | 85,527 |

(b)   Lapsed awards represent both restricted stock for which restrictions have lapsed and RSUs that have been converted into common stock.

Restricted stock and RSUs are granted by JPMorgan Chase at no cost to the recipient. These awards are subject to forfeiture until certain restrictions have lapsed, including continued employment for a specified period. The recipient of a share of restricted stock is entitled to voting rights and dividends on the common stock. An RSU entitles the recipient to receive a share of common stock after the applicable restrictions lapse; the recipient is entitled to receive cash payments equivalent to any dividends paid on the underlying common stock during the period the RSU is outstanding. Effective January 2005, the equity portion of the Firm's annual incentive awards were granted primarily in the form of RSUs.

The vesting of certain awards issued prior to 2002 is conditioned upon certain service requirements being met and JPMorgan Chase's common stock reaching and sustaining target prices within a five-year performance period. During 2002, it was determined that it was no longer probable that the target stock prices related to forfeitable awards granted in 1999, 2000, and 2001 would be achieved within their respective performance periods, and accordingly, previously accrued expenses were reversed. The target stock prices for these awards range from $73.33 to $85.00. These awards were forfeited as follows: 1.2 million shares granted in 1999 were forfeited in January 2004; and 1.2 million shares granted in 2000 were forfeited in January 2005. Additionally, 1.2 million shares granted in 2001 were forfeited in January 2006.

# Broad-based employee stock options

No broad-based employee stock option grants were made in 2005. Prior awards were granted by JPMorgan Chase under the Value Sharing Plan, a non-shareholder- approved plan. The exercise price is equal to JPMorgan Chase's common stock price on the grant date. The options become exercisable over various periods and generally expire 10 years after the grant date.

The following table presents a summary of JPMorgan Chase's broad-based employee stock option plans and SAR activity during the past three years:

| Year ended December 31, | 2005 | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 | 2003 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (Options/SARs in thousands) | Number of\noptions/SARs | Weighted-average\nexercise price | Number of\noptions/SARs | Weighted-average\nexercise price | Number of\noptions | Weighted-average\nexercise price |
| Outstanding, January 1 | 112,184 | $40.42 | 117,822 | $39.11 | 113,155 | $40.62 |
| Granted | — | — | 6,321 | 39.96 | 12,846 | 21.87 |
| Exercised | (2,000) | 24.10 | (5,960) | 15.26 | (2,007) | 13.67 |
| Canceled | (4,602) | 39.27 | (5,999) | 39.18 | (6,172) | 37.80 |
| Outstanding, December 31 | 105,582 | $40.78 | 112,184 | $40.42 | 117,822 | $39.11 |
| Exercisable, December 31 | 52,592 | $40.29 | 30,082 | $36.33 | 36,396 | $32.88 |

The following table details the distribution of broad-based employee stock options and SARs outstanding at December 31, 2005:

|  | Options/SARs outstanding | Options/SARs outstanding | Options/SARs outstanding | Options/SARs exercisable | Options/SARs exercisable |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (Options/SARs in thousands)\nRange of exercise prices | Outstanding | Weighted-average\nexercise price | Weighted-average remaining\ncontractual life (in years) | Exercisable | Weighted-average\nexercise price |
| $20.01–$35.00 | 15,200 | $25.01 | 4.3 | 10,490 | $26.42 |
| $35.01–$50.00 | 70,088 | 41.18 | 4.5 | 41,990 | 43.72 |
| $50.01–$51.22 | 20,294 | 51.22 | 5.1 | 112 | 51.22 |
| Total | 105,582 | $40.78 | 4.6 | 52,592 | $40.29 |

# Comparison of the fair and intrinsic value measurement methods

Pre-tax employee stock-based compensation expense related to the LTI plans totaled $1.6 billion in 2005, $1.3 billion in 2004 and $919 million in 2003.

The following table presents net income (after-tax) and basic and diluted earnings per share as reported, and as if all outstanding awards were accounted for at fair value:

| (in millions, except per share data) | (in millions, except per share data) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Net income as reported\nAdd: | Employee stock-based compensation expense | $ 8,483 | $4,466 | $6,719 |
|  | originally included in reported net income | 938 | 778 | 551 |
| Deduct: | Employee stock-based compensation expense |  |  |  |
|  | determined under the fair value method for all |  |  |  |
|  | awards | (1,015) | (960) | (863) |
| Pro forma net income | Pro forma net income | $ 8,406 | $4,284 | $6,407 |
| Earnings per share:\nBasic: | As reported | $2.43 | $1.59 | $3.32 |
|  | Pro forma | 2.40 | 1.52 | 3.16 |
| Diluted: As reported | Diluted: As reported | $2.38 | $1.55 | $3.24 |
|  | Pro forma | 2.36 | 1.48 | 3.09 |

(a)   2004 results include six months of awards for the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results. 2003 reflects the results of heritage JPMorgan Chase only.

The following table presents JPMorgan Chase's weighted-average, grant-date fair values for the employee stock-based compensation awards granted, and the assumptions used to value stock options and SARs under the Black-Scholes valuation model:

| Year ended December 31, (a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Weighted-average grant-date fair value |  |  |  |
| Stock options: |  |  |  |
| Key employee | $10.44 | $13.04 | $5.60 |
| Broad-based employee | NA | 10.71 | 4.98 |
| Converted Bank One options\nRestricted stock and RSUs (all payable solely in | NA | 14.05 | NA |
| stock) | 37.35 | 39.58 | 22.03 |
| Weighted-average annualized stock option valuation |  |  |  |
| assumptions |  |  |  |
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.25% | 3.44% | 3.19% |
| Expected dividend yield (b) | 3.79 | 3.59 | 5.99 |
| Expected common stock price volatility | 37 | 41 | 44 |
| Assumed weighted-average expected life of stock\noptions (in years) |  |  |  |
| Key employee | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 |
| Broad-based employee | NA | 3.8 | 3.8 |

(b)   Based primarily upon historical data at the grant dates.

# Note 8 – Noninterest expense

# Merger costs

Costs associated with the Merger were reflected in the Merger costs caption of the Consolidated statements of income. A summary of such costs, by expense category, is shown in the following table for 2005 and 2004. There were no such costs in 2003.

(b)   With the exception of occupancy-related write-offs, all of the costs in the table require the expenditure of cash.

The table below shows the change in the liability balance related to the costs associated with the Merger.

| Year ended December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004(a) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Liability balance, beginning of period | $952 | $— |
| Recorded as merger costs | 722 | 1,365 |
| Recorded as goodwill | 26 | 1,028 |
| Liability utilized | (903) | (1,441) |
| Total | $797 | $952 |

# Note 9 – Securities and private equity investments

Securities are classified as AFS, Held-to-maturity ("HTM") or Trading. Trading securities are discussed in Note 3 on page 94 of this Annual Report. Securities are classified as AFS when, in management's judgment, they may be sold in response to or in anticipation of changes in market conditions, or as part of the Firm's management of its structural interest rate risk. AFS securities are carried at fair value on the Consolidated balance sheets. Unrealized gains and losses after SFAS 133 valuation adjustments are reported as net increases or decreases to Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The specific identification method is used to determine realized gains and losses on AFS securities, which are included in Securities /private equity gains on the Consolidated statements of income. Securities that the Firm has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as HTM and are carried at amortized cost on the Consolidated balance sheets.

The following table presents realized gains and losses from AFS securities and private equity gains (losses):

| (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Realized gains | $302 | $576 | $2,123 |
| Realized losses | (1,638) | (238) | (677) |
| Net realized securities gains (losses) | (1,336) | 338 | 1,446 |
| Private equity gains | 1,809 | 1,536 | 33 |
| Total Securities/private equity gains | $473 | $1,874 | $1,479 |

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of AFS and held-to-maturity securities were as follows for the dates indicated:

|  | 2005 | 2005 | 2005 | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 | 2004 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31, (in millions) | Amortized\ncost | Gross\nunrealized\ngains | Gross\nunrealized\nlosses | Fair\nvalue | Amortized\ncost | Gross\nunrealized\ngains | Gross\nunrealized\nlosses | Fair\nvalue |
| Available-for-sale securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| U.S. government and federal agency |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| obligations:\nU.S. treasuries | $4,245 | $24 | $2 | $4,267 | $13,621 | $7 | $222 | $13,406 |
| Mortgage-backed securities | 80 | 3 | — | 83 | 2,405 | 41 | 17 | 2,429 |
| Agency obligations | 165 | 16 | — | 181 | 12 | — | — | 12 |
| Collateralized mortgage obligations | 4 | — | — | 4 | 71 | 4 | 4 | 71 |
| U.S. government-sponsored enterprise\nobligations | 22,604 | 9 | 596 | 22,017 | 46,143 | 142 | 593 | 45,692 |
| Obligations of state and political\nsubdivisions | 712 | 21 | 7 | 726 | 2,748 | 126 | 8 | 2,866 |
| Debt securities issued by non-U.S.\ngovernments | 5,512 | 12 | 18 | 5,506 | 7,901 | 59 | 38 | 7,922 |
| Corporate debt securities | 5,754 | 39 | 74 | 5,719 | 7,007 | 127 | 18 | 7,116 |
| Equity securities | 3,179 | 110 | 7 | 3,282 | 5,810 | 39 | 14 | 5,835 |
| Other, primarily asset-backed\nsecurities(a) | 5,738 | 23 | 23 | 5,738 | 9,103 | 25 | 75 | 9,053 |
| Total available-for-sale securities | $47,993 | $257 | $727 | $47,523 | $94,821 | $570 | $989 | $94,402 |
| Held-to-maturity securities(b) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total held-to-maturity securities | $77 | $3 | $— | $80 | $110 | $7 | $— | $117 |
| (a)\n(b)\nConsists primarily of mortgage-backed securities.\nJPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. / 2005 Annual Report |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 103 |

(a) Includes collateralized mortgage obligations of private issuers, which generally have underlying collateral consisting of obligations of the U.S. government and federal agencies and corporations.

(b) Consists primarily of mortgage-backed securities.

The following table presents the fair value and unrealized losses for AFS securities by aging category at December 31:

|  | Less than 12 months | Less than 12 months | 12 months or more | 12 months or more |  | Total |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| 2005 (in millions) | Fair\nvalue | Gross\nunrealized\nlosses | Fair\nvalue | Gross\nunrealized\nlosses | Total\nFair\nvalue | Gross\nunrealized\nlosses |
| Available-for-sale securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| U.S. government and federal agency obligations:\nU.S. treasuries | $3,789 | $1 | $85 | $1 | $3,874 | $2 |
| Mortgage-backed securities | — | — | 47 | — | 47 | — |
| Agency obligations | 7 | — | 13 | — | 20 | — |
| Collateralized mortgage obligations | 15 | — | 30 | — | 45 | — |
| U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations | 10,607 | 242 | 11,007 | 354 | 21,614 | 596 |
| Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 237 | 3 | 107 | 4 | 344 | 7 |
| Debt securities issued by non-U.S. governments | 2,380 | 17 | 71 | 1 | 2,451 | 18 |
| Corporate debt securities | 3,076 | 52 | 678 | 22 | 3,754 | 74 |
| Equity securities | 1,838 | 7 | 2 | — | 1,840 | 7 |
| Other, primarily asset-backed securities | 778 | 14 | 370 | 9 | 1,148 | 23 |
| Total securities with unrealized losses | $22,727 | $336 | $12,410 | $391 | $35,137 | $727 |

|  |  |  | Securities with unrealized losses | Securities with unrealized losses |  |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
|  | Less than 12 months | Less than 12 months | 12 months or more | 12 months or more |  | Total |
| 2004 (in millions) | Fair\nvalue | Gross\nunrealized\nlosses | Fair\nvalue | Gross\nunrealized\nlosses | Total\nFair\nvalue | Gross\nunrealized\nlosses |
| Available-for-sale securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| U.S. government and federal agency obligations:\nU.S. treasuries | $10,186 | $154 | $940 | $68 | $11,126 | $222 |
| Mortgage-backed securities | 344 | 1 | 1,359 | 16 | 1,703 | 17 |
| Agency obligations | 5 | — | 3 | — | 8 | — |
| Collateralized mortgage obligations | 278 | 4 | 2 | — | 280 | 4 |
| U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations | 34,760 | 282 | 10,525 | 311 | 45,285 | 593 |
| Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 678 | 6 | 96 | 2 | 774 | 8 |
| Debt securities issued by non-U.S. governments | 3,395 | 17 | 624 | 21 | 4,019 | 38 |
| Corporate debt securities | 1,103 | 13 | 125 | 5 | 1,228 | 18 |
| Equity securities | 1,804 | 14 | 23 | — | 1,827 | 14 |
| Other, primarily asset-backed securities | 1,896 | 41 | 321 | 34 | 2,217 | 75 |
| Total securities with unrealized losses | $54,449 | $532 | $14,018 | $457 | $68,467 | $989 |

Impairment is evaluated considering numerous factors, and their relative significance varies case to case. Factors considered include the length of time and extent to which the market value has been less than cost; the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer of the securities; and the Firm's intent and ability to retain the security in order to allow for an anticipated recovery in market value. If, based upon the analysis, it is determined that the impairment is other-than-temporary, the security is written down to fair value, and a loss is recognized through earnings.

Included in the $727 million of gross unrealized losses on AFS securities at December 31, 2005, was $391 million of unrealized losses that have existed for a period greater than 12 months. These securities are predominately rated AAA and the unrealized losses are due to overall increases in market interest rates and not due to underlying credit concerns of the issuers. Substantially all of the securities with unrealized losses aged greater than 12 months have a market value at December 31, 2005, that is within 4% of their amortized cost basis.

In calculating the effective yield for mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") and collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMO"), JPMorgan Chase includes the effect of principal prepayments. Management regularly performs simulation testing to determine the impact that market conditions would have on its MBS and CMO portfolios. MBSs and CMOs that management believes have prepayment risk are included in the AFS portfolio and are reported at fair value.

The following table presents the amortized cost, estimated fair value and average yield at December 31, 2005, of JPMorgan Chase's AFS and HTM securities by contractual maturity:

|  | Available-for-sale securities | Available-for-sale securities | Available-for-sale securities | Held-to-maturity securities | Held-to-maturity securities | Held-to-maturity securities |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Maturity schedule of securities\nDecember 31, 2005 (in millions) | Amortized\ncost | Fair\nvalue | Average\nyield(a) | Amortized\ncost | Fair\nvalue | Average\nyield(a) |
| Due in one year or less | $6,723 | $6,426 | 2.77% | $— | $— | —% |
| Due after one year through five years | 7,740 | 8,009 | 3.72 | — | — | — |
| Due after five years through 10 years | 5,346 | 5,366 | 4.70 | 30 | 31 | 6.96 |
| Due after 10 years(b) | 28,184 | 27,722 | 4.69 | 47 | 49 | 6.73 |
| Total securities | $47,993 | $47,523 | 4.27% | $77 | $80 | 6.82% |

(a) The average yield is based upon amortized cost balances at year-end. Yields are derived by dividing interest income by total amortized cost. Taxable-equivalent yields are used where applicable.

(b) Includes securities with no stated maturity. Substantially all of JPMorgan Chase's MBSs and CMOs are due in 10 years or more based upon contractual maturity. The estimated duration, which reflects anticipated future prepayments based upon a consensus of dealers in the market, is approximately four years for MBSs and CMOs.

Private equity investments are primarily held by the Private Equity business within Corporate (which includes JPMorgan Partners and ONE Equity Partners businesses). The Private Equity business invests in buyouts, growth equity and venture opportunities in the normal course of business. These investments are accounted for under investment company guidelines. Accordingly, these investments, irrespective of the percentage of equity ownership interest held by Private Equity, are carried on the Consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Realized and unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in value are reported in Securities/private equity gains in the Consolidated statements of income in the period that the gains or losses occur.

Privately-held investments are initially valued based upon cost. The carrying values of privately-held investments are adjusted from cost to reflect both positive and negative changes evidenced by financing events with third-party capital providers. In addition, these investments are subject to ongoing impairment reviews by Private Equity's senior investment professionals. A variety of factors are reviewed and monitored to assess impairment including, but not limited to, operating performance and future expectations of the particular portfolio investment, industry valuations of comparable public companies, changes in market outlook and the third-party financing environment

# Note 10 – Securities financing activities

JPMorgan Chase enters into resale agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowed transactions and securities loaned transactions primarily to finance the Firm's inventory positions, acquire securities to cover short positions and settle other securities obligations. The Firm also enters into these transactions to accommodate customers' needs.

Securities purchased under resale agreements ("resale agreements") and securities sold under repurchase agreements ("repurchase agreements") are generally treated as collateralized financing transactions and are carried on the Consolidated balance sheets at the amounts the securities will be subsequently sold or repurchased, plus accrued interest. Where appropriate, resale and repurchase agreements with the same counterparty are reported on a net basis in accordance with FIN 41. JPMorgan Chase takes possession of securities purchased under resale agreements. On a daily basis, JPMorgan Chase monitors the market value of the underlying collateral received from its counterparties, consisting primarily of U.S. and non-U.S. government and agency securities, and requests additional collateral from its counterparties when necessary.

over time. The Valuation Control Group within the Finance area is responsible for reviewing the accuracy of the carrying values of private investments held by Private Equity.

Private Equity also holds publicly-held equity investments, generally obtained through the initial public offering of privately-held equity investments. Publicly-held investments are marked to market at the quoted public value. To determine the carrying values of these investments, Private Equity incorporates the use of discounts to take into account the fact that it cannot immediately realize or risk-manage the quoted public values as a result of regulatory and/or contractual sales restrictions imposed on these holdings.

The following table presents the carrying value and cost of the Private Equity investment portfolio for the dates indicated:

|  | 2005 | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31, (in millions) | Carrying\nvalue | Cost | Carrying\nvalue | Cost |
| Total private |  |  |  |  |
| equity investments | $6,374 | $8,036 | $7,735 | $9,103 |

Transactions similar to financing activities that do not meet the SFAS 140 definition of a repurchase agreement are accounted for as "buys" and "sells" rather than financing transactions. These transactions are accounted for as a purchase (sale) of the underlying securities with a forward obligation to sell (purchase) the securities. The forward purchase (sale) obligation, a derivative, is recorded on the Consolidated balance sheets at its fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in Trading revenue.

Securities borrowed and securities lent are recorded at the amount of cash collateral advanced or received. Securities borrowed consist primarily of government and equity securities. JPMorgan Chase monitors the market value of the securities borrowed and lent on a daily basis and calls for additional collateral when appropriate. Fees received or paid are recorded in Interest income or Interest expense.

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Securities purchased under resale agreements | $129,570 | $94,076 |
| Securities borrowed | 74,604 | 47,428 |
| Securities sold under repurchase agreements | $103,052 | $105,912 |
| Securities loaned | 14,072 | 6,435 |

JPMorgan Chase pledges certain financial instruments the Firm owns to collateralize repurchase agreements and other securities financings. Pledged securities that can be sold or repledged by the secured party are identified as financial instruments owned (pledged to various parties) on the Consolidated balance sheets.

At December 31, 2005, the Firm had received securities as collateral that can be repledged, delivered or otherwise used with a fair value of approximately $331 billion. This collateral was generally obtained under resale or securities borrowing agreements. Of these securities, approximately $320 billion were repledged, delivered or otherwise used, generally as collateral under repurchase agreements, securities lending agreements or to cover short sales.

Loans are reported at the principal amount outstanding, net of the Allowance for loan losses, unearned income and any net deferred loan fees. Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value, with valuation changes recorded in noninterest revenue. Loans are classified as "trading" where positions are bought and sold to make profits from short-term movements in price. Loans held for trading purposes are included in Trading assets and are carried at fair value, with gains and losses included in Trading revenue. Interest income is recognized using the interest method, or on a basis approximating a level rate of return over the term of the loan.

Nonaccrual loans are those on which the accrual of interest is discontinued. Loans (other than certain consumer loans discussed below) are placed on nonaccrual status immediately if, in the opinion of management, full payment of principal or interest is in doubt, or when principal or interest is 90 days or more past due and collateral, if any, is insufficient to cover principal and interest. Interest accrued but not collected at the date a loan is placed on nonaccrual status is reversed against Interest income. In addition, the amortization of net deferred loan fees is suspended. Interest income on nonaccrual loans is recognized only to the extent it is received in cash. However, where there is doubt regarding the ultimate collectibility of loan principal, all cash thereafter received is applied to reduce the carrying value of such loans. Loans are restored to accrual status only when interest and principal payments are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

Consumer loans are generally charged to the Allowance for loan losses upon reaching specified stages of delinquency, in accordance with the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council ("FFIEC") policy. For example, credit card loans are charged off by the end of the month in which the account becomes 180 days past due or within 60 days from receiving notification of the filing of bankruptcy, whichever is earlier. Residential mortgage products are generally charged off to net realizable value at 180 days past due. Other consumer products are generally charged off (to net realizable value if collateralized) at 120 days past due. Accrued interest on residential mortgage products, and automobile and education financings and certain other consumer loans are accounted for in accordance with the nonaccrual loan policy discussed

in the preceding paragraph. Interest and fees related to credit card loans continue to accrue until the loan is charged off or paid. Accrued interest on all other consumer loans is generally reversed against interest income when the loan is charged off. A collateralized loan is considered an in-substance foreclosure and is reclassified to assets acquired in loan satisfactions, within Other assets, only when JPMorgan Chase has taken physical possession of the collateral, but regardless of whether formal foreclosure proceedings have taken place.

The composition of the loan portfolio at each of the dates indicated was as follows:

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| U.S. wholesale loans: |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | $70,233 | $61,033 |
| Real estate | 13,612 | 13,038 |
| Financial institutions | 11,100 | 14,195 |
| Lease financing receivables | 2,621 | 3,098 |
| Other | 14,499 | 8,504 |
| Total U.S. wholesale loans | 112,065 | 99,868 |
| Non-U.S. wholesale loans: |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | 27,452 | 25,120 |
| Real estate | 1,475 | 1,747 |
| Financial institutions | 7,975 | 7,280 |
| Lease financing receivables | 1,144 | 1,052 |
| Total non-U.S. wholesale loans | 38,046 | 35,199 |
| Total wholesale loans:(a) |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | 97,685 | 86,153 |
| Real estate(b) | 15,087 | 14,785 |
| Financial institutions | 19,075 | 21,475 |
| Lease financing receivables | 3,765 | 4,150 |
| Other | 14,499 | 8,504 |
| Total wholesale loans | 150,111 | 135,067 |
| Total consumer loans:(c) |  |  |
| Consumer real estate |  |  |
| Home finance – home equity &amp; other | 76,727 | 67,837 |
| Home finance – mortgage | 56,726 | 56,816 |
| Total Home finance | 133,453 | 124,653 |
| Auto &amp; education finance | 49,047 | 62,712 |
| Consumer &amp; small business and other | 14,799 | 15,107 |
| Credit card receivables(d) | 71,738 | 64,575 |
| Total consumer loans | 269,037 | 267,047 |
| Total loans(e)(f)(g) | $419,148 | $402,114 |

(a) Includes Investment Bank, Commercial Banking, Treasury & Securities Services and Asset & Wealth Management.

(b)   Represents credits extended for real estate–related purposes to borrowers who are primarily in the real estate development or investment businesses and for which the primary repayment is from the sale, lease, management, operations or refinancing of the property.

(c) Includes Retail Financial Services and Card Services.

(d) Includes billed finance charges and fees net of an allowance for uncollectible amounts.

(f) Includes loans held for sale (primarily related to securitization and syndication activities) of $34.2 billion and $24.5 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(g)   Amounts are presented gross of the Allowance for loan losses.

The following table reflects information about the Firm's loans held for sale, principally mortgage-related:

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Net gains on sales of loans held for sale | $596 | $368 | $933 |
| Lower of cost or fair value adjustments | (332) | 39 | 26 |

# Impaired loans

JPMorgan Chase accounts for and discloses nonaccrual loans as impaired loans and recognizes their interest income as discussed previously for nonaccrual loans. The Firm excludes from impaired loans its small-balance, homogeneous consumer loans; loans carried at fair value or the lower of cost or fair value; debt securities; and leases.

The table below sets forth information about JPMorgan Chase's impaired loans. The Firm primarily uses the discounted cash flow method for valuing impaired loans:

| December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Impaired loans with an allowance | $1,095 | $1,496 |
| Impaired loans without an allowance(b) | 80 | 284 |
| Total impaired loans | $1,175 | $1,780 |
| Allowance for impaired loans under SFAS 114 (c) | $257 | $521 |
| Average balance of impaired loans during the year | 1,478 | 1,883 |
| Interest income recognized on impaired loans during the year | 5 | 8 |

(b)   When the discounted cash flows, collateral value or market price equals or exceeds the carrying value of the loan, then the loan does not require an allowance under SFAS 114.

(c)   The allowance for impaired loans under SFAS 114 is included in JPMorgan Chase's Allowance for loan losses.

# Note 12 – Allowance for credit losses

JPMorgan Chase's Allowance for loan losses covers the wholesale (risk-rated) and consumer (scored) loan portfolios and represents management's estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the Firm's loan portfolio. Management also computes an Allowance for wholesale lending-related commitments using a methodology similar to that used for the wholesale loans.

The Allowance for loan losses includes an asset-specific component and a formula- based component. Within the formula-based component is a statistical calculation and an adjustment to the statistical calculation.

The asset-specific component relates to provisions for losses on loans considered impaired and measured pursuant to SFAS 114. An allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. To compute the asset-specific component of the allowance, larger impaired loans are evaluated individually, and smaller impaired loans are evaluated as a pool using historical loss experience for the respective class of assets.

The formula-based component covers performing wholesale and consumer loans and is the product of a statistical calculation, as well as adjustments to such calculation. These adjustments take into consideration model imprecision, external factors and economic events that have occurred but are not yet reflected in the factors used to derive the statistical calculation.

The statistical calculation is the product of probability of default and loss given default. For risk-rated loans (generally loans originated by the wholesale lines of business), these factors are differentiated by risk rating and maturity. For scored loans (generally loans originated by the consumer lines of business), loss is primarily determined by applying statistical loss factors and other risk indicators to pools of loans by asset type. Adjustments to the statistical calculation for the risk-rated portfolios are determined by creating estimated ranges using historical experience of both loss given default and probability of default. Factors related to concentrated and deteriorating industries are also incorporated into the calculation where relevant. Adjustments to the statistical calculation for the scored loan portfolios are accomplished in part by analyzing the historical loss experience for each major product segment. The estimated ranges and the determination of the appropriate point within the range are based upon management's view of uncertainties that relate to current macroeconomic and political conditions, quality of underwriting standards, and other relevant internal and external factors affecting the credit quality of the portfolio.

The Allowance for lending-related commitments represents management's estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the Firm's process of extending credit. Management establishes an asset-specific allowance for lending-related commitments that are considered impaired and computes a formula-based allowance for performing wholesale lending-related commitments. These are computed using a methodology similar to that used for the wholesale loan portfolio, modified for expected maturities and probabilities of drawdown.

The allowance for credit losses is reviewed at least quarterly by the Chief Risk Officer of the Firm, the Risk Policy Committee, a risk subgroup of the Operating Committee, and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Firm relative to the risk profile of the Firm's credit portfolio and current economic conditions. As of December 31, 2005, JPMorgan Chase deemed the allowance for credit losses to be appropriate (i.e., sufficient to absorb losses that are inherent in the portfolio, including those not yet identifiable).

As a result of the Merger, management modified its methodology for determining the Provision for credit losses for the combined Firm. The effect of conforming methodologies in 2004 was a decrease in the consumer allowance of $254 million and a decrease in the wholesale allowance (including both funded loans and lending-related commitments) of $330 million. In addition, the Bank One seller's interest in credit card securitizations was decertificated; this resulted in an increase to the provision for loan losses of approximately $1.4 billion (pre-tax) in 2004.

JPMorgan Chase maintains an allowance for credit losses as follows:

The table below summarizes the changes in the Allowance for loan losses:

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004(c) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Allowance for loan losses at January 1 | $ 7,320 | $ 4,523 |
| Addition resulting from the Merger, July 1, 2004 | — | 3,123 |
| Gross charge-offs | (4,869) | (3,805)(d) |
| Gross recoveries | 1,050 | 706 |
| Net charge-offs | (3,819) | (3,099) |
| Provision for loan losses:\nProvision excluding accounting policy conformity | 3,575 | 1,798 |
| Accounting policy conformity(a) | — | 1,085 |
| Total Provision for loan losses | 3,575 | 2,883 |
| Other | 14 | (110)(e) |
| Allowance for loan losses at December 31 | $ 7,090(b) | $ 7,320(f) |

(a)   Represents an increase of approximately $1.4 billion as a result of the decertification of heritage Bank One seller's interest in credit card securitizations, partially offset by a reduction of $357 million to conform provision methodologies.

(b)   2005 includes $203 million of asset-specific and $6.9 billion of formula-based allowance. Included within the formula-based allowance was $5.1 billion related to a statistical calculation (including $400 million related to Hurricane Katrina), and an adjustment to the statistical calculation of $1.8 billion.

(c)   2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results.

(d) Includes $406 million related to the Manufactured Home Loan portfolio in the fourth quarter of 2004.

(e)   Primarily represents the transfer of the allowance for accrued interest and fees on reported and securitized credit card loans.

(f)   2004 includes $469 million of asset-specific loss and $6.8 billion of formula-based loss. Included within the formula-based loss is $4.8 billion related to statistical calculation and an adjustment to the statistical calculation of $2.0 billion.

The table below summarizes the changes in the Allowance for lending-related commitments:

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004(c) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Allowance for lending-related commitments at January 1 | $492 | $324 |
| Addition resulting from the Merger, July 1, 2004 | — | 508 |
| Provision for lending-related commitments:\nProvision excluding accounting policy conformity | (92) | (112) |
| Accounting policy conformity(a) | — | (227) |
| Total Provision for lending-related commitments | (92) | (339) |
| Other | — | (1) |
| Allowance for lending-related commitments at December 31 (b) | $400 | $492 |

(a)   Represents a reduction of $227 million to conform provision methodologies in the wholesale portfolio.

(b)   2005 includes $60 million of asset-specific and $340 million of formula-based allowance. 2004 includes $130 million of asset-specific and $362 million of formula-based allowance. The formula-based allowance for lending-related commitments is based upon a statistical calculation. There is no adjustment to the statistical calculation for lending-related commitments.

# Note 13 – Loan securitizations

JPMorgan Chase securitizes, sells and services various consumer loans, such as consumer real estate, credit card and automobile loans, as well as certain wholesale loans (primarily real estate) originated by the Investment Bank. In addition, the Investment Bank purchases, packages and securitizes commercial and consumer loans. All IB activity is collectively referred to below as Wholesale activities. Interests in the sold and securitized loans may be retained.

The Firm records a loan securitization as a sale when the transferred loans are legally isolated from the Firm's creditors and the accounting criteria for a sale are met. Those criteria are (1) the assets are legally isolated from the Firm's creditors; (2) the entity can pledge or exchange the financial assets or, if the entity is a QSPE, its investors can pledge or exchange their interests; and (3) the Firm does not maintain effective control via an agreement to repurchase the assets before their maturity or have the ability to unilaterally cause the holder to return the assets.

Gains or losses recorded on loan securitizations depend, in part, on the carrying amount of the loans sold and are allocated between the loans sold and the retained interests, based upon their relative fair values at the date of sale. Gains on securitizations are reported in noninterest revenue. Since quoted market prices are generally not available, the Firm usually estimates the fair value of these retained interests by determining the present value of future expected cash flows using modeling techniques. Such models incorporate management's best estimates of key variables, such as expected credit losses, prepayment speeds and the discount rates appropriate for the risks involved.

Retained interests that are subject to prepayment risk, such that JPMorgan Chase may not recover substantially all of its investment, are recorded at fair value; subsequent adjustments are reflected in Other comprehensive income or in earnings, if the fair value of the retained interest has declined below its carrying amount and such decline has been determined to be other-than-temporary.

Interests in the securitized loans are generally retained by the Firm in the form of senior or subordinated interest-only strips, subordinated tranches, escrow accounts and servicing rights, and they are generally recorded in Other assets. In addition, credit card securitization trusts require the Firm to maintain a minimum undivided interest in the trusts, representing the Firm's interests in the receivables transferred to the trust that have not been securitized. These interests are not represented by security certificates. The Firm's undivided interests are carried at historical cost and are classified in Loans. Retained interests from wholesale activities are reflected as trading assets.

JPMorgan Chase retains servicing responsibilities for all residential mortgage, credit card and automobile loan securitizations and for certain wholesale activity securitizations it sponsors, and receives servicing fees based on the securitized loan balance plus certain ancillary fees. The Firm also retains the right to service the residential mortgage loans it sells in connection with mortgage-backed securities transactions with the Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA") and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac"). For a discussion of mortgage servicing rights, see Note 15 on pages 114–116 of this Annual report.

JPMorgan Chase-sponsored securitizations utilize SPEs as part of the securitization process. These SPEs are structured to meet the definition of a QSPE (as discussed in Note 1 on page 91 of this Annual Report); accordingly, the assets and liabilities of securitization-related QSPEs are not reflected in the Firm's Consolidated balance sheets (except for retained interests, as described below) but are included on the balance sheet of the QSPE purchasing the

assets. Assets held by securitization-related SPEs as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, were as follows:

| December 31, (in billions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Credit card receivables | $96.0 | $106.3 |
| Residential mortgage receivables | 29.8 | 19.1 |
| Wholesale activities(a) | 72.9 | 44.8 |
| Automobile loans | 5.5 | 4.9 |
| Total | $204.2 | $175.1 |

The following table summarizes new securitization transactions that were completed during 2005 and 2004, the resulting gains arising from such securitizations, certain cash flows received from such securitizations, and the key economic assumptions used in measuring the retained interests, as of the dates of such sales:

# (a)   Co-sponsored securitizations include non-JPMorgan Chase originated assets.

| Year ended December 31, | 2005 | 2005 | 2005 | 2005 | 2004(a) | 2004(a) | 2004(a) | 2004(a) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions) | Residential\nmortgage | Credit card | Automobile | Wholesale\nactivities(e) | Residential\nmortgage | Credit card | Automobile | Wholesale\nactivities(e) |
| Principal securitized | $18,125 | $15,145 | $3,762 | $22,691 | $6,529 | $8,850 | $1,600 | $8,756 |
| Pre-tax gains (losses) | 21 | 101 | 9(c) | 131 | 47 | 52 | (3) | 135 |
| Cash flow information: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Proceeds from securitizations | $18,093 | $14,844 | $2,622 | $22,892 | $6,608 | $8,850 | $1,597 | $8,430 |
| Servicing fees collected | 17 | 94 | 4 | — | 12 | 69 | 1 | 3 |
| Other cash flows received | — | 298 | — | 3 | 25 | 225 | — | 16 |
| Proceeds from collections reinvested in\nrevolving securitizations | — | 129,696 | — | — | — | 110,697 | — | — |
| Key assumptions (rates per annum):\nPrepayment rate(b) | 9.1–12.1% | 16.7–20.0% | 1.5% | 0–50% | 23.8–37.6% | 15.5–16.7% | 1.5% | 17.0–50.0% |
|  | CPR | PPR | ABS |  | CPR | PPR | ABS |  |
| Weighted-average life (in years) | 5.6–6.7 | 0.4–0.5 | 1.4–1.5 | 1.0–4.4 | 1.9–3.0 | 0.5–0.6 | 1.8 | 2.0–4.0 |
| Expected credit losses | —(d) | 4.7–5.7% | 0.6–0.7% | 0–2.0%(d) | 1.0–2.3% | 5.5–5.8% | 0.6% | 0.0–3.0%(d) |
| Discount rate | 13.0–13.3% | 12.0% | 6.3–7.3% | 0.6–18.5% | 15.0–30.0% | 12.0% | 4.1% | 0.6–5.0% |

(b) CPR: constant prepayment rate; ABS: absolute prepayment speed; PPR: principal payment rate.

(c) The auto securitization gain of $9 million does not include the write-down of loans transferred to held-for-sale in 2005 and risk management activities intended to protect the economic value of the loans while held-for-sale.

(d) Expected credit losses for prime residential mortgage and certain wholesale securitizations are minimal and are incorporated into other assumptions.

(e) Wholesale activities consist of wholesale loans (primarily commercial real estate) originated by the Investment Bank as well as $11.4 billion and $1.8 billion of consumer loans purchased from the market in 2005 and 2004, respectively, and then packaged and securitized by the Investment Bank.

In addition to securitization transactions, the Firm sold residential mortgage loans totaling $52.5 billion, $65.7 billion and $123.2 billion during 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, primarily as GNMA, FNMA and Freddie Mac mortgage-backed securities; these sales resulted in pre-tax gains of $293 million, $58.1 million and $564.3 million, respectively.

At both December 31, 2005 and 2004, the Firm had, with respect to its credit card master trusts, $24.8 billion and $35.2 billion, respectively, related to undivided interests, and $2.2 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively, related to subordinated interests in accrued interest and fees on the securitized receivables, net of an allowance for uncollectible amounts. Credit card securitization trusts require the Firm to maintain a minimum undivided interest of 4% to 12% of the principal receivables in the trusts. The Firm maintained an average undivided interest in principal receivables in the trusts of approximately 23% for both 2005 and 2004, respectively.

The Firm also maintains escrow accounts up to predetermined limits for some credit card and automobile securitizations, in the unlikely event of deficiencies in cash flows owed to investors. The amounts available in such escrow accounts are recorded in Other assets and, as of December 31, 2005, amounted to

$754 million and $76 million for credit card and automobile securitizations, respectively; as of December 31, 2004, these amounts were $395 million and $132 million for credit card and automobile securitizations, respectively.

The table below summarizes other retained securitization interests, which are primarily subordinated or residual interests and are carried at fair value on the Firm's Consolidated balance sheets:

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Residential mortgage(a) | $182 | $433 |
| Credit card(a) | 808 | 494 |
| Automobile(a)(b) | 150 | 85 |
| Wholesale activities(c) | 265 | 23 |
| Total | $1,405 | $1,035 |

(a)   Pre-tax unrealized gains (losses) recorded in Stockholders' equity that relate to retained securitization interests totaled $60 million and $118 million for Residential mortgage; $6 million and $(3) million for Credit card; and $5 million and $11 million for Automobile at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(b) In addition to the automobile retained interest amounts noted above, the Firm also retained senior securities totaling $490 million at December 31, 2005, from 2005 auto securitizations that are classified as AFS securities. These securities are valued using quoted market prices and are therefore not included in the key economic assumption and sensitivities table that follows.

(c) In addition to the wholesale retained interest amounts noted above, the Firm also retained subordinated securities totaling $51 million at December 31, 2005, from re-securitization activities. These securities are valued using quoted market prices and are therefore not included in the key assumptions and sensitivities table that follows.

The table below outlines the key economic assumptions used to determine the fair value of the other retained interests at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively; and it outlines the sensitivities of those fair values to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in those assumptions:

(a) Prepayment risk on certain wholesale retained interests are minimal and are incorporated into other assumptions.

(b) Expected credit losses for prime residential mortgage and certain wholesale securitizations are minimal and are incorporated into other assumptions.

(c) The Firm sold certain residual interests from sub-prime mortgage securitizations via Net Interest Margin ("NIM") securitizations and retains residual interests in these NIM transactions, which are valued using a 30% discount rate.

The sensitivity analysis in the preceding table is hypothetical. Changes in fair value based upon a 10% or 20% variation in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated easily, because the relationship of the change in the assumptions to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table, the effect that a change in a particular assumption may have on the fair value is calculated without changing any other assumption. In reality, changes in one

factor may result in changes in another assumption, which might counteract or magnify the sensitivities.

Expected static-pool net credit losses include actual incurred losses plus projected net credit losses, divided by the original balance of the outstandings comprising the securitization pool.

The table below displays the expected static-pool net credit losses for 2005, 2004 and 2003, based upon securitizations occurring in that year:

|  |  |  | Loans securitized in:(a) |  |  |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
|  | 2005 | 2005 | 2004(b) | 2004(b) | 2003(b) | 2003(b) |
|  | Residential mortgage(c) | Automobile | Residential mortgage | Automobile | Residential mortgage | Automobile |
| December 31, 2005 | 0.0% | 0.9% | 0.0–2.4% | 0.8% | 0.0–2.0% | 0.5% |
| December 31, 2004 | NA | NA | 0.0–3.3 | 1.1 | 0.0–2.1 | 0.9 |
| December 31, 2003 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.0–3.6 | 0.9 |

(a) Static-pool losses are not applicable to credit card securitizations due to their revolving structure.

(b) 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results. 2003 reflects the results of heritage JPMorgan Chase only.

(c) 2005 securitizations consist of prime-mortgage securitizations only. Expected losses are minimal and incorporated in other assumptions.

The table below presents information about delinquencies, net credit losses and components of reported and securitized financial assets at December 31, 2005 and 2004:

|  | Total Loans | Total Loans | Nonaccrual and 90 days or<br>more past due | Nonaccrual and 90 days or<br>more past due | Net loan charge-offs(a)<br>Year ended | Net loan charge-offs(a)<br>Year ended |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 |
| Home finance | $133,453 | $124,653 | $863 | $673 | $154 | $573 |
| Auto &amp; education finance | 49,047 | 62,712 | 195 | 193 | 277 | 263 |
| Consumer &amp; small business and other | 14,799 | 15,107 | 280 | 295 | 141 | 154 |
| Credit card receivables | 71,738 | 64,575 | 1,091 | 1,006 | 3,324 | 1,923 |
| Total consumer loans | 269,037 | 267,047 | 2,429 | 2,167 | 3,896 | 2,913 |
| Total wholesale loans | 150,111 | 135,067 | 1,042 | 1,582 | (77) | 186 |
| Total loans reported | 419,148 | 402,114 | 3,471 | 3,749 | 3,819 | 3,099 |
| Securitized loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Residential mortgage(b) | 8,061 | 11,533 | 370 | 460 | 105 | 150 |
| Automobile | 5,439 | 4,763 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 24 |
| Credit card | 70,527 | 70,795 | 730 | 1,337 | 3,776 | 2,898 |
| Total consumer loans securitized | 84,027 | 87,091 | 1,111 | 1,809 | 3,896 | 3,072 |
| Securitized wholesale activities | 9,049 | 1,401 | 4 | — | — | — |
| Total loans securitized(c) | 93,076 | 88,492 | 1,115 | 1,809 | 3,896 | 3,072 |
| Total loans reported and securitized(d) | $512,224 | $490,606 | $4,586 | $5,558 | $7,715 | $6,171 |

(b) Includes $5.9 billion and $10.3 billion of outstanding principal balances on securitized sub-prime 1–4 family residential mortgage loans as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(c) Total assets held in securitization-related SPEs were $204.2 billion and $175.1 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The $93.1 billion and $88.5 billion of loans securitized at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, excludes: $85.6 billion and $50.8 billion of securitized loans, in which the Firm's only continuing involvement is the servicing of the assets; $24.8 billion and $35.2 billion of seller's interests in credit card master trusts; and $0.7 billion and $0.6 billion of escrow accounts and other assets, respectively.

(d) Represents both loans on the Consolidated balance sheets and loans that have been securitized, but excludes loans for which the Firm's only continuing involvement is servicing of the assets.

# Note 14 – Variable interest entities

Refer to Note 1 on page 91 of this Annual Report for a further description of JPMorgan Chase's policies regarding consolidation of variable interest entities.

JPMorgan Chase's principal involvement with VIEs occurs in the following business segments:

• Investment Bank: Utilizes VIEs to assist clients in accessing the financial markets in a cost-efficient manner by providing the structural flexibility to meet their needs pertaining to price, yield and desired risk. There are two broad categories of transactions involving VIEs in the IB: (1) multi-seller conduits and (2) client intermediation; both are discussed below. The IB also securitizes loans through QSPEs which are not considered VIEs, to create asset-backed securities, as further discussed in Note 13 on pages 108–111 of this Annual Report.

• Asset & Wealth Management: Provides investment management services to a limited number of the Firm's mutual funds deemed VIEs. AWM earns a fixed fee based upon assets managed; the fee varies with each fund's investment objective and is competitively priced. For the limited number of funds that qualify as VIEs, AWM's relationships with such funds are not considered significant interests under FIN 46R.

• Treasury & Securities Services: Provides trustee and custodial services to a number of VIEs. These services are similar to those provided to non-VIEs. TSS earns market- based fees for services provided. Such relationships are not considered significant interests under FIN 46R.

• Commercial Banking: Utilizes VIEs to assist clients in accessing the financial markets in a cost-efficient manner. This is often accomplished through the use of products similar to those offered in the Investment Bank.

  Commercial Banking may assist in the structuring and/or on-going administration of these VIEs and may provide liquidity, letters of credit and/or derivative instruments in support of the VIE.

• The Firm's Private Equity business, included in Corporate, is involved with entities that may be deemed VIEs. Private equity activities are accounted for in accordance with the Investment Company Audit Guide ("Audit Guide"). The FASB deferred adoption of FIN 46R for non-registered investment companies that apply the Audit Guide until the proposed Statement of Position on the clarification of the scope of the Audit Guide is finalized. The Firm continues to apply this deferral provision; had FIN 46R been applied to VIEs subject to this deferral, the impact would have had an insignificant impact on the Firm's Consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2005.

As noted above, there are two broad categories of transactions involving VIEs with which the IB is involved: multi-seller conduits and client intermediation. These categories are discussed more fully below.

# Multi-seller conduits

The Firm is an active participant in the asset-backed securities business, helping meet customers' financing needs by providing access to the commercial paper markets through VIEs known as multi-seller conduits. These entities are separate bankruptcy- remote corporations in the business of purchasing interests in, and making loans secured by, receivable pools and other financial assets pursuant to agreements with customers. The entities fund their purchases and loans through the issuance of highly- rated commercial paper. The primary source of repayment of the commercial paper is the cash flow from the pools of assets.

JPMorgan Chase serves as the administrator and provides contingent liquidity support and limited credit enhancement for several multi-seller conduits. The commercial paper issued by the conduits is backed by collateral, credit enhancements and commitments to provide liquidity sufficient to support receiving at least a liquidity rating of A-1, P-1 and, in certain cases, F1.

As a means of ensuring timely repayment of the commercial paper, each asset pool financed by the conduits has a minimum 100% deal-specific liquidity facility associated with it. In the unlikely event an asset pool is removed from the conduit, the administrator can draw on the liquidity facility to repay the maturing commercial paper. The liquidity facilities are typically in the form of asset purchase agreements and are generally structured such that the bank liquidity is provided by purchasing, or lending against, a pool of non-defaulted, performing assets. Deal-specific liquidity is the primary source of liquidity support for the conduits.

Program-wide liquidity in the form of revolving and short-term lending commitments also is provided by the Firm to these vehicles in the event of short-term disruptions in the commercial paper market.

Deal-specific credit enhancement that supports the commercial paper issued by the conduits is generally structured to cover a multiple of historical losses expected on the pool of assets and is provided primarily by customers (i.e., sellers) or other third parties. The deal-specific credit enhancement is typically in the form of over-collateralization provided by the seller but also may include any combination of the following: recourse to the seller or originator, cash collateral accounts, letters of credit, excess spread, retention of subordinated interests or third-party guarantees. In certain instances, the Firm provides limited credit enhancement in the form of standby letters of credit.

The following table summarizes the Firm's involvement with Firm-administered multi-seller conduits:

|  | Consolidated | Consolidated | Nonconsolidated | Nonconsolidated | Total | Total |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31, (in billions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004(b) | 2005 | 2004(b) |
| Total commercial paper issued by conduits | $35.2 | $35.8 | $8.9 | $9.3 | $44.1 | $45.1 |
| Commitments |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Asset-purchase agreements | $47.9 | $47.2 | $14.3 | $16.3 | $62.2 | $63.5 |
| Program-wide liquidity commitments | 5.0 | 4.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
| Program-wide limited credit enhancements | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 2.6 |
| Maximum exposure to loss(a) | 48.4 | 48.2 | 14.8 | 16.9 | 63.2 | 65.1 |

(a) The Firm's maximum exposure to loss is limited to the amount of drawn commitments (i.e., sellers' assets held by the multi-seller conduits for which the Firm provides liquidity support) of $41.6 billion and $42.2 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, plus contractual but undrawn commitments of $21.6 billion and $22.9 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Since the Firm provides credit enhancement and liquidity to these multi-seller conduits, the maximum exposure is not adjusted to exclude exposure absorbed by third-party liquidity providers.

(b) In December 2003 and February 2004, two multi-seller conduits were restructured, with each conduit issuing preferred securities acquired by an independent third-party investor; the investor absorbs the majority of the expected losses of the conduit. In determining the primary beneficiary of the restructured conduits, the Firm leveraged an existing rating agency model – an independent market standard – to estimate the size of the expected losses, and the Firm considered the relative rights and obligations of each of the variable interest holders.

The Firm views its credit exposure to multi-seller conduit transactions as limited. This is because, for the most part, the Firm is not required to fund under the liquidity facilities if the assets in the VIE are in default. Additionally, the Firm's obligations under the letters of credit are secondary to the risk of first loss provided by the customer or other third parties – for example, by the overcollateralization of the VIE with the assets sold to it or notes subordinated to the Firm's liquidity facilities.

# Client intermediation

As a financial intermediary, the Firm is involved in structuring VIE transactions to meet investor and client needs. The Firm intermediates various types of risks (including fixed income, equity and credit), typically using derivative instruments as further discussed below. In certain circumstances, the Firm also provides liquidity and other support to the VIEs to facilitate the transaction. The Firm's current exposure to nonconsolidated VIEs is reflected in its Consolidated balance sheets or in the Notes to consolidated financial statements. The risks inherent in derivative instruments or liquidity commitments are managed similarly to other credit, market and liquidity risks to which the Firm is exposed. The Firm intermediates principally with the following types of VIEs: credit- linked note vehicles and municipal bond vehicles.

The Firm structures credit-linked notes in which the VIE purchases highly-rated assets (such as asset-backed securities) and enters into a credit derivative contract with the Firm to obtain exposure to a referenced credit not held by the VIE. Credit-linked notes are issued by the VIE to transfer the risk of the referenced credit to the investors in the VIE. Clients and investors often prefer a VIE structure, since the credit-linked notes generally carry a higher credit rating than they would if issued directly by JPMorgan Chase.

The Firm is involved with municipal bond vehicles for the purpose of creating a series of secondary market trusts that allow tax-exempt investors to finance their investments at short-term tax-exempt rates. The VIE purchases fixed-rate, longer-term highly-rated municipal bonds by issuing puttable floating-rate certificates and inverse floating-rate certificates; the investors in the inverse floating-rate certificates are exposed to the residual losses of the VIE (the "residual interests"). For vehicles in which the Firm owns the residual interests, the Firm consolidates the VIE. In vehicles where third-party investors own the residual interests, the Firm's exposure is limited because of the high credit quality of the underlying municipal bonds, the unwind triggers based upon the market value of the underlying collateral and the residual interests held by third parties. The Firm often serves as remarketing agent for the VIE and provides liquidity to support the remarketing.

Assets held by credit-linked and municipal bond vehicles at December 31, 2005 and 2004, were as follows:

(a)   Assets of $1.8 billion and $2.3 billion reported in the table above were recorded on the Firm's Consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, due to contractual relationships held by the Firm that relate to collateral held by the VIE.

(b)   Total amounts consolidated due to the Firm owning residual interests were $4.9 billion and $2.6 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and are reported in the table. Total liquidity commitments were $5.8 billion and $3.1 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The Firm's maximum credit exposure to all municipal bond vehicles was $10.7 billion and $5.7 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Finally, the Firm may enter into transactions with VIEs structured by other parties. These transactions can include, for example, acting as a derivative counterparty, liquidity provider, investor, underwriter, placement agent, trustee or custodian. These transactions are conducted at arm's length, and individual credit decisions are based upon the analysis of the specific VIE, taking into consideration the quality of the underlying assets. JPMorgan Chase records and reports these positions similarly to any other third-party transaction. These activities do not cause JPMorgan Chase to absorb a majority of the expected losses of the VIEs or to receive a majority of the residual returns of the VIE, and they are not considered significant for disclosure purposes.

# Consolidated VIE assets

The following table summarizes the Firm's total consolidated VIE assets, by classification on the Consolidated balance sheets, as of December 31, 2005 and 2004:

| December 31, (in billions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Consolidated VIE assets(a)\nInvestment securities(b) | $  1.9 | $10.6 |
| Trading assets(c) | 9.3 | 4.7 |
| Loans | 8.1 | 3.4 |
| Interests in purchased receivables | 29.6 | 31.6 |
| Other assets | 3.0 | 0.4 |
| Total consolidated assets | $51.9 | $50.7 |

(a)   The Firm also holds $3.9 billion and $3.4 billion of assets, at December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively, primarily as a seller's interest, in certain consumer securi-tizations in a segregated entity, as part of a two-step securitization transaction. This interest is included in the securitization activities disclosed in Note 13 on pages 108–111 of this Annual Report.

(b)   The decline in balance is primarily attributable to the sale of the Firm's interest in a structured investment vehicle's capital notes and resulting deconsolidation of this vehicle in 2005.

(c) Includes the fair value of securities and derivatives.

Interests in purchased receivables include interests in receivables purchased by Firm- administered conduits, which have been consolidated in accordance with FIN 46R. Interests in purchased receivables are carried at cost and are reviewed to determine whether an other-than-temporary impairment exists. Based upon the current level of credit protection specified in each transaction, primarily through overcollateralization, the Firm determined that no other-than-temporary impairment existed at December 31, 2005.

The interest-bearing beneficial interest liabilities issued by consolidated VIEs are classified in the line item titled, "Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities" on the Consolidated balance sheets. The holders of these beneficial interests do not have recourse to the general credit of JPMorgan Chase. See Note 17 on page 117 of this Annual Report for the maturity profile of FIN 46 long-term beneficial interests.

# FIN 46R transition

In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision to FIN 46 ("FIN 46R") to address various technical corrections and implementation issues that had arisen since the issuance of FIN 46. Effective March 31, 2004, JPMorgan Chase implemented FIN 46R for all VIEs, excluding certain investments made by its private equity business, as previously discussed. Implementation of FIN 46R did not have a significant effect on the Firm's Consolidated financial statements.

# Note 15 – Goodwill and other intangible assets

Goodwill is not amortized but instead tested for impairment in accordance with SFAS 142 at the reporting-unit segment, which is generally one level below the six major reportable business segments (as described in Note 31 on pages 130–131 of this Annual Report); plus Private Equity (which is included in Corporate). Goodwill is tested annually (during the fourth quarter) or more often if events or circumstances, such as adverse changes in the business climate, indicate there may be impairment. Intangible assets determined to have indefinite lives are not amortized but instead are tested for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The impairment test compares the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset to its carrying amount. Other acquired intangible assets determined to have finite lives, such as core deposits and credit card relationships, are amortized over their estimated useful lives in a manner that best reflects the economic benefits of the intangible asset. In addition, impairment testing is performed periodically on these amortizing intangible assets.

Goodwill and other intangible assets consist of the following:

# Goodwill

As of December 31, 2005, goodwill increased by $418 million compared with December 31, 2004, principally in connection with the establishment of the business partnership with Cazenove, as well as the acquisitions of Vastera, Neovest and the Sears Canada credit card business. These increases to Goodwill were partially offset by the deconsolidation of Paymentech. Goodwill was not impaired at December 31, 2005 or 2004, nor was any goodwill written off due to impairment during the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 or 2003.

Goodwill attributed to the business segments was as follows:

| (in millions) | Dec. 31,<br>2005 | Dec. 31,<br>2004 | Goodwill resulting<br>from the Merger |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Investment Bank | $3,531 | $3,309 | $1,179 |
| Retail Financial Services | 14,991 | 15,022 | 14,576 |
| Card Services | 12,984 | 12,781 | 12,802 |
| Commercial Banking | 2,651 | 2,650 | 2,599 |
| Treasury &amp; Securities Services | 2,062 | 2,044 | 465 |
| Asset &amp; Wealth Management | 7,025 | 7,020 | 2,539 |
| Corporate (Private Equity) | 377 | 377 | — |
| Total goodwill | $ 43,621 | $ 43,203 | $34,160 |

# Mortgage servicing rights

JPMorgan Chase recognizes as intangible assets mortgage servicing rights, which represent the right to perform specified residential mortgage servicing activities for others. MSRs are either purchased from third parties or retained upon sale or securitization of mortgage loans. Servicing activities include collecting principal, interest, and escrow payments from borrowers; making tax and insurance payments on behalf of the borrowers; monitoring delinquencies and executing foreclosure proceedings; and accounting for and remitting principal and interest payments to the investors of the mortgage-backed securities.

The amount capitalized as MSRs represents the amount paid to third parties to acquire MSRs or is based on fair value, if retained upon the sale or securitization of mortgage loans. The Firm estimates the fair value of MSRs using a discounted future cash flow model. The model considers portfolio characteristics, contractually specified servicing fees, prepayment assumptions, delinquency rates, late charges, other ancillary revenues and costs to service, as well as other economic factors.

During the fourth quarter of 2005, the Firm enhanced its valuation of MSRs by utilizing an option-adjusted spread ("OAS") valuation approach. An OAS approach projects MSR cash flows over multiple interest rate scenarios in conjunction with the Firm's proprietary prepayment model, and then discounts these cash flows at risk-adjusted rates. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2005, MSRs were valued using cash flows and discount rates determined by a "static" or single interest rate path valuation model. The initial valuation of MSRs under OAS did not have a material impact on the Firm's financial statements.

The Firm compares fair value estimates and assumptions to observable market data where available and to recent market activity and actual portfolio experience. Management believes that the assumptions used to estimate fair values are supportable and reasonable.

The Firm accounts for its MSRs at the lower of cost or fair value, in accordance with SFAS 140. MSRs are amortized as a reduction of the actual servicing income received in proportion to, and over the period of, the estimated future net servicing income stream of the underlying mortgage loans. For purposes of evaluating and measuring impairment of MSRs, the Firm stratifies the portfolio on the basis of the predominant risk characteristics, which are loan type and interest rate. Any indicated impairment is recognized as a reduction in revenue through a valuation allowance, which represents the extent that the carrying value of an individual stratum exceeds its estimated fair value.

The Firm evaluates other-than-temporary impairment by reviewing changes in mortgage and other market interest rates over historical periods and then determines an interest rate scenario to estimate the amounts of the MSRs' gross carrying value and the related valuation allowance that could be expected to be recovered in the foreseeable future. Any gross carrying value and related valuation allowance amounts that are not expected to be recovered in the foreseeable future, based upon the interest rate scenario, are considered to be other-than-temporary.

The carrying value of MSRs is sensitive to changes in interest rates, including their effect on prepayment speeds. JPMorgan Chase uses a combination of derivatives, AFS securities and trading instruments to manage changes in the fair value of MSRs. The intent is to offset any changes in the fair value of MSRs with changes in the fair value of the related risk management instrument. MSRs decrease in value when interest rates decline. Conversely, securities (such as mortgage-backed securities), principal-only certificates and derivatives (when the Firm receives fixed-rate interest payments) decrease in value when interest rates increase. The Firm offsets the interest rate risk of its MSRs by designating certain derivatives (e.g., a combination of swaps, swaptions and floors that produces an interest rate profile opposite to the designated risk of the hedged MSRs) as fair value hedges of specified MSRs under SFAS 133. SFAS 133 hedge accounting allows the carrying value of the hedged MSRs to be adjusted through earnings in the same period that the change in value of the hedging derivatives is recognized through earnings. Both of these valuation adjustments are recorded in Mortgage fees and related income.

When applying SFAS 133, the loans underlying the MSRs being hedged are stratified into specific SFAS 133 asset groupings that possess similar interest rate and prepayment risk exposures. The documented hedge period for the Firm is daily. Daily adjustments are performed to incorporate new or terminated derivative contracts and to modify the amount of the corresponding similar asset grouping that is being hedged. The Firm has designated changes in the benchmark interest rate (LIBOR) as the hedged risk. In designating the benchmark interest rate, the Firm considers the impact that the change in the benchmark rate has on the prepayment speed estimates in determining the fair value of the MSRs. The Firm performs both prospective and retrospective hedge-effectiveness evaluations, using a regression analysis, to determine whether the hedge relationship is expected to be highly effective. Hedge effectiveness is assessed by comparing the change in value of the MSRs as a result of changes in benchmark interest rates to the change in the value of the designated derivatives. For a further discussion on derivative instruments and hedging activities, see Note 26 on page 123 of this Annual Report.

Securities (both AFS and Trading) also are used to manage the risk exposure of MSRs. Because these securities do not qualify as hedges under SFAS 133, they are accounted for under SFAS 115. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on trading securities are recognized in earnings in Mortgage fees and related income; interest income on the AFS securities is recognized in earnings in Net interest income; and unrealized gains and losses on AFS securities are reported in Other comprehensive income. Finally, certain nonhedge derivatives, which have not been designated by management in SFAS 133 hedge relationships, are used to manage the economic risk exposure of MSRs and are recorded in Mortgage fees and related income.

Certain AFS securities purchased by the Firm to manage structural interest rate risk were designated in 2005 as risk management instruments of MSRs. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, the unrealized loss on AFS securities used to manage the risk exposure of MSRs was $174 million and $3 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes MSR activity and related amortization for the dates indicated. It also includes the key assumptions and the sensitivity of the fair value of MSRs at December 31, 2005, to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in each of those assumptions.

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Balance at January 1 | $ 6,111 | $ 6,159 | $ 4,864 |
| Additions | 1,897 | 1,757 | 3,201 |
| Bank One merger | NA | 90 | NA |
| Sales | — | (3) | — |
| Other-than-temporary impairment | (1) | (149) | (283) |
| Amortization | (1,295) | (1,297) | (1,397) |
| SFAS 133 hedge valuation adjustments | 90 | (446) | (226) |
| Balance at December 31 | 6,802 | 6,111 | 6,159 |
| Less: valuation allowance | 350 | 1,031 | 1,378 |
| Balance at December 31, after valuation allowance | $ 6,452 | $ 5,080 | $ 4,781 |
| Estimated fair value at December 31 | $ 6,668 | $ 5,124 | $ 4,781 |
| Weighted-average prepayment speed\nassumption (CPR) | 17.56% | 17.29% | 17.67% |
| Weighted-average discount rate | 9.68% | 7.93% | 7.31% |

CPR: Constant prepayment rate

The sensitivity analysis in the preceding table is hypothetical and should be used with caution. As the figures indicate, changes in fair value based upon a 10% and 20% variation in assumptions generally cannot be easily extrapolated because the relationship of the change in the assumptions to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table, the effect that a change in a particular assumption may have on the fair value is calculated without changing any other assumption. In reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another, which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities.

The valuation allowance represents the extent to which the carrying value of MSRs exceeds its estimated fair value for its applicable SFAS 140 strata. Changes in the valuation allowance are the result of the recognition of impairment or the recovery of previously recognized impairment charges due to changes in market conditions during the period. The changes in the valuation allowance for MSRs were as follows:

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Balance at January 1 | $1,031 | $1,378 | $1,634 |
| Other-than-temporary impairment | (1) | (149) | (283) |
| SFAS 140 impairment (recovery) adjustment | (680) | (198) | 27 |
| Balance at December 31 | $350 | $1,031 | $1,378 |

(a)   2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results, while 2003 results include heritage JPMorgan Chase only.

The Firm recorded an other-than-temporary impairment of its MSRs of $1 million, $149 million and $283 million, in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, which permanently reduced the gross carrying value of the MSRs and the related valuation allowance. The permanent reduction precludes subsequent reversals. This write-down had no impact on the results of operations or financial condition of the Firm.

# Purchased credit card relationships and All other intangible assets

During 2005, purchased credit card relationship intangibles decreased by $603 million as a result of $703 million in amortization expense, partially offset by the purchase of the Sears Canada credit card business. All other intangible assets decreased by $894 million in 2005 primarily as a result of $836 million in amortization expense and the impact of the deconsolidation of Paymentech. Except for $513 million of indefinite- lived intangibles related to asset management advisory contracts which are not amortized but instead are tested for impairment at least annually, the remainder of the Firm's other acquired intangible assets are subject to amortization.

The components of credit card relationships, core deposits and other intangible assets were as follows:

(a) Includes $14 million and $16 million for 2005 and 2004, respectively, of amortization expense related to servicing assets on securitized automobile loans, which is recorded in Asset management, administration and commissions.

# Future amortization expense

The following table presents estimated amortization expenses related to credit card relationships, core deposits and All other intangible assets at December 31, 2005:

| (in millions)<br>Year ended December 31, | Purchased credit<br>card relationships | Other credit<br>card-related<br>intangibles | Core deposit<br>intangibles | All other<br>intangible assets | Total |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| 2006 | $ 688 | $ 16 | $ 547 | $ 163 | $ 1,414 |
| 2007 | 620 | 15 | 469 | 145 | 1,249 |
| 2008 | 515 | 15 | 402 | 132 | 1,064 |
| 2009 | 372 | 15 | 329 | 123 | 839 |
| 2010 | 312 | 13 | 276 | 110 | 711 |

# Note 16 – Premises and equipment

Premises and equipment, including leasehold improvements, are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. JPMorgan Chase computes depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of an asset. For leasehold improvements, the Firm uses the straight-line method computed over the lesser of the remaining term of the leased facility or 10 years. JPMorgan Chase has recorded immaterial asset retirement obligations

related to asbestos remediation under SFAS 143 and FIN 47 in those cases where it has sufficient information to estimate the obligations' fair value.

JPMorgan Chase capitalizes certain costs associated with the acquisition or development of internal-use software under SOP 98-1. Once the software is ready for its intended use, these costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the software's expected useful life, and reviewed for impairment on an ongoing basis.

# Note 17 – Long-term debt

JPMorgan Chase issues long-term debt denominated in various currencies, although predominantly U.S. dollars, with both fixed and variable interest rates. The following table is a summary of long-term debt (including unamortized original issue debt discount and SFAS 133 valuation adjustments):

| By remaining contractual maturity at December 31, 2005 |  | Under |  | After | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions) |  | 1 year | 1–5 years | 5 years | total | total |
| Parent company |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Senior debt:(a) | Fixed rate | $5,991 | $14,705 | $4,224 | $24,920 | $25,563 |
|  | Variable rate | 3,574 | 11,049 | 2,291 | 16,914 | 15,128 |
|  | Interest rates(b) | 2.80–6.88% | 0.22–6.63% | 1.12–8.85% | 0.22–8.85% | 0.20–7.63% |
| Subordinated debt: | Fixed rate | $758 | $8,241 | $15,818 | $24,817 | $22,055 |
|  | Variable rate | — | 26 | 1,797 | 1,823 | 2,686 |
|  | Interest rates(b) | 6.13–7.88% | 4.80–10.00% | 1.92–9.88% | 1.92–10.00% | 1.92–10.00% |
|  | Subtotal | $10,323 | $34,021 | $24,130 | $68,474 | $65,432 |
| Subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Senior debt:(a) | Fixed rate | $636 | $3,746 | $2,362 | $6,744 | $6,249 |
|  | Variable rate | 5,364 | 21,632 | 5,013 | 32,009 | 22,097 |
|  | Interest rates(b) | 3.00–10.95% | 1.71–17.00% | 1.76–13.00% | 1.71–17.00% | 1.71–13.00% |
| Subordinated debt: | Fixed rate | $— | $845 | $285 | $1,130 | $1,644 |
|  | Variable rate | — | — | — | — | — |
|  | Interest rates(b) | — | 6.13–6.70% | 8.25% | 6.13–8.25% | 6.00–8.25% |
|  | Subtotal | $6,000 | $26,223 | $7,660 | $39,883 | $29,990 |
| Total long-term debt |  | $16,323 | $60,244 | $31,790 | $108,357(d)(e)(f) | $95,422 |
| FIN 46R long-term beneficial interests:(c) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Fixed rate | $80 | $9 | $376 | $465 | $775 |
|  | Variable rate | 26 | 95 | 1,768 | 1,889 | 5,618 |
|  | Interest rates(b) | 3.39–7.35% | 0.51–7.00% | 2.42–12.79% | 0.51–12.79% | 0.54–12.79% |
| Total FIN 46R long-term beneficial interests |  | $106 | $104 | $2,144 | $2,354 | $6,393 |

(a) Included are various equity-linked or other indexed instruments. Embedded derivatives separated from hybrid securities in accordance with SFAS 133 are reported at fair value and shown net with the host contract on the balance sheet. Changes in fair value of separated derivatives are recorded in Trading revenue.

(b) The interest rates shown are the range of contractual rates in effect at year-end, including non-U.S. dollar fixed and variable-rate issuances, which excludes the effects of related derivative instruments. The use of these derivative instruments modifies the Firm's exposure to the contractual interest rates disclosed in the table above. Including the effects of derivatives, the range of modified rates in effect at December 31, 2005, for total long-term debt was 0.49% to 17.00%, versus the contractual range of 0.22% to 17.00% presented in the table above.

(c) Included on the Consolidated balance sheets in Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities.

(d) At December 31, 2005, long-term debt aggregating $27.7 billion was redeemable at the option of JPMorgan Chase, in whole or in part, prior to maturity, based upon the terms specified in the respective notes.

(f) Includes $2.3 billion of outstanding zero-coupon notes at December 31, 2005. The aggregate principal amount of these notes at their respective maturities is $5.9 billion.

The weighted-average contractual interest rate for total long-term debt was 4.62% and 4.50% as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. In order to modify exposure to interest rate and currency exchange rate movements, JPMorgan Chase utilizes derivative instruments, primarily interest rate and cross-currency interest rate swaps, in conjunction with some of its debt issues. The use of these instruments modifies the Firm's interest expense on the associated debt. The modified weighted-average interest rate for total long-term debt, including the effects of related derivative instruments, was 4.65% and 3.97% as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

JPMorgan Chase & Co. (Parent Company) has guaranteed certain debt of its subsidiaries, including both long-term debt and structured notes sold as part of the Firm's trading activities. These guarantees rank on a parity with all of the Firm's other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Guaranteed liabilities totaled $170 million and $320 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

# Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures held by trusts that issued guaranteed capital debt securities

At December 31, 2005, the Firm had 22 wholly-owned Delaware statutory business trusts ("issuer trusts") that issued guaranteed preferred beneficial interests in the Firm's junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures.

The junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures issued by the Firm to the issuer trusts, totaling $11.5 billion and $10.3 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, were reflected in the Firm's Consolidated balance sheets in the Liabilities section under the caption "Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures held by trusts that issued guaranteed capital debt securities." The Firm also records the common capital securities issued by the issuer trusts in Other assets in its Consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2005 and 2004.

The debentures issued to the issuer trusts by the Firm, less the capital securities of the issuer trusts, qualify as Tier 1 capital. The following is a summary of the outstanding capital securities, net of discount, issued by each trust and the junior subordinated deferrable interest debenture issued by JPMorgan Chase to each trust as of December 31, 2005:

| December 31, 2005 (in millions) | Amount<br>of capital<br>securities<br>issued<br>by trust(a) | Principal<br>amount of<br>debenture<br>held<br>by trust(b) | Issue<br>date | Stated maturity<br>of capital<br>securities<br>and<br>debentures | Earliest<br>redemption<br>date | Interest rate of<br>capital securities<br>and debentures | Interest<br>payment/<br>distribution dates |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Bank One Capital III | $474 | $616 | 2000 | 2030 | Any time | 8.75% | Semiannually |
| Bank One Capital V | 300 | 335 | 2001 | 2031 | 2006 | 8.00% | Quarterly |
| Bank One Capital VI | 525 | 556 | 2001 | 2031 | 2006 | 7.20% | Quarterly |
| Chase Capital I | 600 | 619 | 1996 | 2026 | 2006 | 7.67% | Semiannually |
| Chase Capital II | 495 | 511 | 1997 | 2027 | 2007 | LIBOR + 0.50% | Quarterly |
| Chase Capital III | 296 | 306 | 1997 | 2027 | 2007 | LIBOR + 0.55% | Quarterly |
| Chase Capital VI | 249 | 256 | 1998 | 2028 | Any time | LIBOR + 0.625% | Quarterly |
| First Chicago NBD Capital I | 248 | 256 | 1997 | 2027 | 2007 | LIBOR + 0.55% | Quarterly |
| First Chicago NBD Institutional Capital A | 499 | 551 | 1996 | 2026 | 2006 | 7.95% | Semiannually |
| First Chicago NBD Institutional Capital B | 250 | 273 | 1996 | 2026 | 2006 | 7.75% | Semiannually |
| First USA Capital Trust I | 3 | 3 | 1996 | 2027 | 2007 | 9.33% | Semiannually |
| JPM Capital Trust I | 750 | 773 | 1996 | 2027 | 2007 | 7.54% | Semiannually |
| JPM Capital Trust II | 400 | 412 | 1997 | 2027 | 2007 | 7.95% | Semiannually |
| J.P. Morgan Chase Capital IX | 500 | 509 | 2001 | 2031 | 2006 | 7.50% | Quarterly |
| J.P. Morgan Chase Capital X | 1,000 | 1,022 | 2002 | 2032 | 2007 | 7.00% | Quarterly |
| J.P. Morgan Chase Capital XI | 1,075 | 1,009 | 2003 | 2033 | 2008 | 5.88% | Quarterly |
| J.P. Morgan Chase Capital XII | 400 | 393 | 2003 | 2033 | 2008 | 6.25% | Quarterly |
| JPMorgan Chase Capital XIII | 472 | 487 | 2004 | 2034 | 2014 | LIBOR + 0.95% | Quarterly |
| JPMorgan Chase Capital XIV | 600 | 593 | 2004 | 2034 | 2009 | 6.20% | Quarterly |
| JPMorgan Chase Capital XV | 994 | 1,049 | 2005 | 2035 | Any time | 5.88% | Semiannually |
| JPMorgan Chase Capital XVI | 500 | 501 | 2005 | 2035 | 2010 | 6.35% | Quarterly |
| JPMorgan Chase Capital XVII | 496 | 499 | 2005 | 2035 | Any time | 5.85% | Semiannually |
| Total | $11,126 | $11,529 |  |  |  |  |  |

(a) Represents the amount of capital securities issued to the public by each trust, net of unamortized discount.

(b) Represents the principal amount of JPMorgan Chase debentures held as assets by each trust, net of unamortized discount amounts. The principal amount of debentures held by the trusts includes the impact of hedging and purchase accounting fair value adjustments that are recorded on the Firm's financial statements.

# Note 18 – Preferred stock

JPMorgan Chase is authorized to issue 200 million shares of preferred stock, in one or more series, with a par value of $1 per share. Outstanding preferred stock at December 31, 2005 and 2004, was 280,433 and 4.28 million shares, respectively. On May 6, 2005, JPMorgan Chase redeemed a total of 4.0 million shares of its Fixed/adjustable rate, noncumulative preferred stock.

Dividends on shares of the outstanding series of preferred stock are payable quarterly. The preferred stock outstanding takes precedence over JPMorgan Chase's common stock for the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets in the event of a liquidation or dissolution of the Firm.

The following is a summary of JPMorgan Chase's preferred stock outstanding as of December 31:

|  | Stated value and |  |  |  |  |  | Rate in effect at |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions, except | redemption | Shares | Shares | Outstanding at December 31, | Outstanding at December 31, | Earliest | December 31, |
| per share amounts and rates) | price per share(b) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | redemption date | 2005 |
| 6.63% Series H cumulative(a) | $ 500.00 | 0.28 | 0.28 | $ 139 | $ 139 | 3/31/2006 | 6.63% |
| Fixed/adjustable rate, noncumulative | 50.00 | — | 4.00 | — | 200 | — | — |
| Total preferred stock |  | 0.28 | 4.28 | $ 139 | $ 339 |  |  |

(a) Represented by depositary shares.

(b) Redemption price includes amount shown in the table plus any accrued but unpaid dividends.

# Note 19 – Common stock

At December 31, 2005, JPMorgan Chase was authorized to issue 9.0 billion shares of common stock with a $1 par value per share. In connection with the Merger, the shareholders approved an increase in the amount of authorized shares of 4.5 billion from the 4.5 billion that had been authorized as of December 31, 2003. Common shares issued (newly issued or distributed from treasury) by JPMorgan Chase during 2005, 2004 and 2003 were as follows:

| December 31,(a) (in millions)<br>Issued – balance at January 1<br>Newly issued: | 2005<br> 3,584.8 | 2004<br> 2,044.4 | 2003<br> 2,023.6 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Employee benefits and compensation plans | 34.0 | 69.0 | 20.9 |
| Employee stock purchase plans | 1.4 | 3.1 | 0.7 |
| Purchase accounting acquisitions and other | — | 1,469.4 | — |
| Total newly issued | 35.4 | 1,541.5 | 21.6 |
| Cancelled shares | (2.0) | (1.1) | (0.8) |
| Total issued – balance at December 31 | 3,618.2 | 3,584.8 | 2,044.4 |
| Treasury – balance at January 1 | (28.6) | (1.8) | (24.9) |
| Purchase of treasury stock | (93.5) | (19.3) | — |
| Share repurchases related to employee stock-based\nawards(b) | (9.4) | (7.5) | (3.0) |
| Issued from treasury:\nEmployee benefits and compensation plans | — | — | 25.8 |
| Employee stock purchase plans | — | — | 0.3 |
| Total issued from treasury | — | — | 26.1 |
| Total treasury – balance at December 31 | (131.5) | (28.6) | (1.8) |
| Outstanding | 3,486.7 | 3,556.2 | 2,042.6 |

(b)   Participants in the Firm's stock-based incentive plans may have shares withheld to cover income taxes.

During 2005 and 2004, the Firm repurchased 93.5 million shares and 19.3 million shares, respectively, of common stock under a stock repurchase program that was approved by the Board of Directors on July 20, 2004. The Firm did not repurchase shares of its common stock during 2003 under a prior stock repurchase program.

As of December 31, 2005, approximately 507 million unissued shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under various employee or director incentive, compensation, option and stock purchase plans.

# Note 20 – Earnings per share

SFAS 128 requires the presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS") in the income statement. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income applicable to common stock by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is computed using the same method as basic EPS but, in the denominator, the number of common shares reflect, in addition to outstanding shares, the potential dilution that could occur if convertible securities or other contracts to issue common stock were converted or exercised into common stock. Net income available for common stock is the same for basic EPS and diluted EPS, as JPMorgan Chase had no convertible securities, and therefore, no adjustments to net income available for common stock were necessary. The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS for 2005, 2004 and 2003:

| (in millions, except per share amounts)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Basic earnings per share |  |  |  |
| Net income | $8,483 | $4,466 | $6,719 |
| Less: preferred stock dividends | 13 | 52 | 51 |
| Net income applicable to common stock | $8,470 | $4,414 | $6,668 |
| Weighted-average basic shares outstanding | 3,491.7 | 2,779.9 | 2,008.6 |
| Net income per share | $2.43 | $1.59 | $3.32 |
| Diluted earnings per share |  |  |  |
| Net income applicable to common stock | $8,470 | $4,414 | $6,668 |
| Weighted-average basic shares outstanding | 3,491.7 | 2,779.9 | 2,008.6 |
| Add: Broad-based options\nRestricted stock, restricted stock units and key | 3.6 | 5.4 | 4.1 |
| employee options | 62.0 | 65.3 | 42.4 |
| Weighted-average diluted shares outstanding | 3,557.3 | 2,850.6 | 2,055.1 |
| Net income per share(b) | $2.38 | $1.55 | $3.24 |

(b)   Options issued under employee benefit plans to purchase 280 million, 300 million and 335 million shares of common stock were outstanding for the years ended 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because the options' exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares.

# Note 21 – Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) includes the after-tax change in unrealized gains and losses on AFS securities, cash flow hedging activities and foreign currency translation adjustments (including the impact of related derivatives).

| Year ended<br>December 31,(a)<br>(in millions) | Unrealized<br>gains (losses)<br>on AFS securities(b) | Translation<br>adjustments | Cash<br>flow<br>hedges | Accumulated<br>other<br>comprehensive<br>income (loss) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Balance at December 31, 2002 | $731 | $(6) | $502 | $1,227 |
| Net change | (712) | — | (545) | (1,257) |
| Balance at December 31, 2003 | 19 | (6) | (43) | (30) |
| Net change | (80)(c) | (2)(d) | (96) | (178) |
| Balance at December 31, 2004 | (61) | (8) | (139) | (208) |
| Net change | (163)(e) | —(f) | (255) | (418) |
| Balance at December 31,\n2005 | $(224) | $(8) | $ (394) | $(626) |

(b)   Represents the after-tax difference between the fair value and amortized cost of the AFS securities portfolio and retained interests in securitizations recorded in Other assets.

(c)   The net change during 2004 was due primarily to rising interest rates and recognition of unrealized gains through securities sales.

(d) Includes $280 million of after-tax gains (losses) on foreign currency translation from operations for which the functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar offset by $(282) million of after-tax gains (losses) on hedges.

(e)   The net change during 2005 was due primarily to higher interest rates, partially offset by the reversal of unrealized losses through securities sales.

(f) Includes $(351) million of after-tax gains (losses) on foreign currency translation from operations for which the functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar offset by $351 million of after-tax gains (losses) on hedges.

The following table presents the after-tax changes in net unrealized holdings gains (losses) and the reclassification adjustments in unrealized gains and losses on AFS securities and cash flow hedges. Reclassification adjustments include amounts recognized in net income during the current year that had been previously recorded in Other comprehensive income.

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities: |  |  |  |
| Net unrealized holdings gains (losses) arising during the\nperiod, net of taxes(b) | $(1,058) | $41 | $149 |
| Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in\nincome, net of taxes(c) | 895 | (121) | (861) |
| Net change | $(163) | $(80) | $(712) |
| Cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |
| Net unrealized holdings gains (losses) arising during the\nperiod, net of taxes(d) | $(283) | $34 | $86 |
| Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in\nincome, net of taxes(e) | 28 | (130) | (631) |
| Net change | $(255) | $(96) | $(545) |

# Note 22 – Income taxes

JPMorgan Chase and eligible subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return. JPMorgan Chase uses the asset-and-liability method required by SFAS 109 to provide income taxes on all transactions recorded in the Consolidated financial statements. This method requires that income taxes reflect the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities for book and tax purposes. Accordingly, a deferred tax liability or asset for each temporary difference is determined based upon the tax rates that the Firm expects to be in effect when the underlying items of income and expense are realized. JPMorgan Chase's expense for income taxes includes the current and deferred portions of that expense. A valuation allowance is established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount the Firm expects to realize.

Due to the inherent complexities arising from the nature of the Firm's businesses, and from conducting business and being taxed in a substantial number of jurisdictions, significant judgments and estimates are required to be made. Agreement of tax liabilities between JPMorgan Chase and the many tax jurisdictions in which the Firm files tax returns may not be finalized for several years. Thus, the Firm's final tax-related assets and liabilities may ultimately be different.

Deferred income tax expense (benefit) results from differences between assets and liabilities measured for financial reporting and for income-tax return purposes. The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected in the following table:

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Deferred tax assets |  |  |
| Allowance for other than loan losses | $3,554 | $3,711 |
| Employee benefits | 3,381 | 2,677 |
| Allowance for loan losses | 2,745 | 2,739 |
| Non-U.S. operations | 807 | 743 |
| Fair value adjustments | 531 | — |
| Gross deferred tax assets | $11,018 | $9,870 |
| Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |
| Depreciation and amortization | $3,683 | $3,558 |
| Leasing transactions | 3,158 | 4,266 |
| Fee income | 1,396 | 1,162 |
| Non-U.S. operations | 1,297 | 1,144 |
| Fair value adjustments | — | 186 |
| Other, net | 149 | 348 |
| Gross deferred tax liabilities | $9,683 | $10,664 |
| Valuation allowance | $110 | $150 |
| Net deferred tax asset (liability) | $1,225 | $(944) |

A valuation allowance has been recorded in accordance with SFAS 109, primarily relating to deferred tax assets associated with certain portfolio investments.

The components of income tax expense included in the Consolidated statements of income were as follows:

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Current income tax expense |  |  |  |
| U.S. federal | $ 4,269 | $1,695 | $965 |
| Non-U.S. | 917 | 679 | 741 |
| U.S. state and local | 337 | 181 | 175 |
| Total current expense | 5,523 | 2,555 | 1,881 |
| Deferred income tax (benefit) expense\nU.S. federal | (2,063) | (382) | 1,341 |
| Non-U.S. | 316 | (322) | 14 |
| U.S. state and local | (44) | (123) | 73 |
| Total deferred (benefit) expense | (1,791) | (827) | 1,428 |
| Total income tax expense | $ 3,732 | $1,728 | $3,309 |

The preceding table does not reflect the tax effects of unrealized gains and losses on AFS securities, SFAS 133 hedge transactions and certain tax benefits associated with the Firm's employee stock plans. The tax effect of these items is recorded directly in Stockholders' equity. Stockholders' equity increased by $425 million, $431 million and $898 million in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, as a result of these tax effects.

U.S. federal income taxes have not been provided on the undistributed earnings of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries, to the extent that such earnings have been reinvested abroad for an indefinite period of time. For 2005, such earnings approximated $333 million on a pre-tax basis. At December 31, 2005, the cumulative amount of undistributed pre-tax earnings in these subsidiaries approximated $1.5 billion. It is not practicable at this time to determine the income tax liability that would result upon repatriation of these earnings.

The tax expense (benefit) applicable to securities gains and losses for the years 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $(536) million, $126 million and $477 million, respectively.

A reconciliation of the applicable statutory U.S. income tax rate to the effective tax rate for the past three years is shown in the following table:

| Year ended December 31,(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Statutory U.S. federal tax rate | 35.0% | 35.0% | 35.0% |
| Increase (decrease) in tax rate resulting from: |  |  |  |
| benefit | 1.6 | 0.6(b) | 2.1 |
| Tax-exempt income | (3.0) | (4.1) | (2.4) |
| Non-U.S. subsidiary earnings | (1.4) | (1.3) | (0.7) |
| Business tax credits | (3.6) | (4.1) | (0.9) |
| Other, net | 2.0 | 1.8 | (0.1) |
| Effective tax rate | 30.6% | 27.9% | 33.0% |

(b)   The lower rate in 2004 was attributable to changes in the proportion of income subject to different state and local taxes.

The following table presents the U.S. and non-U.S. components of income before income tax expense:

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| U.S. | $8,959 | $3,817 | $7,333 |
| Non-U.S.(b) | 3,256 | 2,377 | 2,695 |
| Income before income tax expense | $12,215 | $6,194 | $10,028 |

(b)   For purposes of this table, non-U.S. income is defined as income generated from operations located outside the United States of America.

# Note 23 – Restrictions on cash and intercompany funds transfers

JPMorgan Chase Bank's business is subject to examination and regulation by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency ("OCC"). The Bank is a member of the Federal Reserve System and its deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC").

The Federal Reserve Board requires depository institutions to maintain cash reserves with a Federal Reserve Bank. The average amount of reserve balances deposited by the Firm's bank subsidiaries with various Federal Reserve Banks was approximately $2.7 billion in 2005 and $3.8 billion in 2004.

Restrictions imposed by federal law prohibit JPMorgan Chase and certain other affiliates from borrowing from banking subsidiaries unless the loans are secured in specified amounts. Such secured loans to the Firm or to other affiliates are generally limited to 10% of the banking subsidiary's total capital, as determined by the risk-based capital guidelines; the aggregate amount of all such loans is limited to 20% of the banking subsidiary's total capital.

The principal sources of JPMorgan Chase's income (on a parent company-only basis) are dividends and interest from JPMorgan Chase Bank and the other banking and nonbanking subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase. In addition to dividend restrictions set forth in statutes and regulations, the FRB, the OCC and the FDIC have authority under the Financial Institutions Supervisory Act to prohibit or to limit the payment of dividends by the banking organizations they supervise, including JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries that are banks or bank holding companies, if, in the banking regulator's opinion, payment of a dividend would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice in light of the financial condition of the banking organization.

At January 1, 2006 and 2005, JPMorgan Chase's bank subsidiaries could pay, in the aggregate, $7.4 billion and $6.2 billion, respectively, in dividends to their respective bank holding companies without prior approval of their relevant banking regulators. Dividend capacity in 2006 will be supplemented by the banks' earnings during the year.

In compliance with rules and regulations established by U.S. and non-U.S. regulators, as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, cash in the amount of $6.4 billion and $4.3 billion, respectively, and securities with a fair value of $2.1 billion and $2.7 billion, respectively, were segregated in special bank accounts for the benefit of securities and futures brokerage customers.

There are two categories of risk-based capital: Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital. Tier 1 capital includes common stockholders' equity, qualifying preferred stock and minority interest less goodwill and other adjustments. Tier 2 capital consists of preferred stock not qualifying as Tier 1, subordinated long-term debt and other instruments qualifying as Tier 2, and the aggregate allowance for credit losses up to a certain percentage of risk- weighted assets. Total regulatory capital is subject to deductions for investments in certain subsidiaries. Under the risk-based capital guidelines of the FRB, JPMorgan Chase is required to maintain minimum ratios of Tier 1 and Total (Tier 1 plus Tier 2) capital to risk-weighted assets, as well as minimum leverage ratios (which are defined as Tier 1 capital to average adjusted on–balance sheet assets). Failure to meet these minimum requirements could cause the FRB to take action. Bank subsidiaries also are subject to these capital requirements by their respective primary regulators. As of December 31, 2005 and 2004, JPMorgan Chase and all of its banking subsidiaries were well-capitalized and met all capital requirements to which each was subject.

The following table presents the risk-based capital ratios for JPMorgan Chase and the Firm's significant banking subsidiaries at December 31, 2005 and 2004:

| (in millions, except ratios) | Tier 1<br>capital | Total<br>capital | Risk-weighted<br>assets(c) | Adjusted<br>average assets(d) | Tier 1<br>capital ratio | Total<br>capital ratio | Tier 1<br>leverage ratio |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31, 2005 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| (a)\nJPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. | $72,474 | $102,437 | $850,643 | $1,152,546 | 8.5% | 12.0% | 6.3% |
| JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | 61,050 | 84,227 | 750,397 | 995,095 | 8.1 | 11.2 | 6.1 |
| Chase Bank USA, N.A. | 8,608 | 10,941 | 72,229 | 59,882 | 11.9 | 15.2 | 14.4 |
| December 31, 2004\nJPMorgan Chase &amp; Co.(a) | $68,621 | $96,807 | $791,373 | $1,102,456 | 8.7% | 12.2% | 6.2% |
| JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | 55,489 | 78,478 | 670,295 | 922,877 | 8.3 | 11.7 | 6.0 |
| Chase Bank USA, N.A. | 8,726 | 11,186 | 86,955 | 71,797 | 10.0 | 12.9 | 12.2 |
| Well-capitalized ratios(b) |  |  |  |  | 6.0% | 10.0% | 5.0%(e) |
| Minimum capital ratios(b) |  |  |  |  | 4.0 | 8.0 | 3.0(f) |

(a) Asset and capital amounts for JPMorgan Chase's banking subsidiaries reflect intercompany transactions, whereas the respective amounts for JPMorgan Chase reflect the elimination of intercompany transactions. (b) As defined by the regulations issued by the FRB, FDIC and OCC.

(d) Average adjusted assets for purposes of calculating the leverage ratio include total average assets adjusted for unrealized gains/losses on securities, less deductions for disallowed goodwill and other intangible assets, investments in subsidiaries and the total adjusted carrying value of nonfinancial equity investments that are subject to deductions from Tier 1 capital.

(e) Represents requirements for bank subsidiaries pursuant to regulations issued under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act. There is no Tier 1 leverage component in the definition of a well- capitalized bank holding company.

(f) The minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio for bank holding companies and banks is 3% or 4% depending on factors specified in regulations issued by the FRB and OCC.

The following table shows the components of the Firm's Tier 1 and Total capital:

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Tier 1 capital |  |  |
| Total stockholders' equity | $107,211 | $105,653 |
| Effect of net unrealized losses on AFS securities\nand cash flow hedging activities | 618 | 200 |
| Adjusted stockholders' equity | 107,829 | 105,853 |
| Minority interest(a) | 12,660 | 11,050 |
| Less: Goodwill | 43,621 | 43,203 |
| Investments in certain subsidiaries | 401 | 370 |
| Nonqualifying intangible assets | 3,993 | 4,709 |
| Tier 1 capital | $72,474 | $68,621 |
| Tier 2 capital |  |  |
| Long-term debt and other instruments |  |  |
| qualifying as Tier 2 | $22,733 | $20,690 |
| Qualifying allowance for credit losses | 7,490 | 7,798 |
| Less: Investments in certain subsidiaries\nand other | 260 | 302 |
| Tier 2 capital | $29,963 | $28,186 |
| Total qualifying capital | $102,437 | $96,807 |

(a)   Primarily includes trust preferred securities of certain business trusts.

# Note 25 – Commitments and contingencies

At December 31, 2005, JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries were obligated under a number of noncancelable operating leases for premises and equipment used primarily for banking purposes. Certain leases contain renewal options or escalation clauses providing for increased rental payments based upon maintenance, utility and tax increases or require the Firm to perform restoration work on leased premises. No lease agreement imposes restrictions on the Firm's ability to pay dividends, engage in debt or equity financing transactions, or enter into further lease agreements.

The following table shows required future minimum rental payments under operating leases with noncancelable lease terms that expire after December 31, 2005:

| Year ended December 31, (in millions) |  |
| :--- | :--- |
| 2006 | $993 |
| 2007 | 948 |
| 2008 | 901 |
| 2009 | 834 |
| 2010 | 724 |
| After | 5,334 |
| Total minimum payments required(a) | 9,734 |
| Less: Sublease rentals under noncancelable subleases | (1,323) |
| Net minimum payment required | $ 8,411 |

(a)   Lease restoration obligations are accrued in accordance with SFAS 13, and are not reported as a required minimum lease payment.

Total rental expense was as follows:

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Gross rental expense | $1,269 | $1,187 | $1,061 |
| Sublease rental income | (192) | (158) | (106) |
| Net rental expense | $1,077 | $1,029 | $955 |

At December 31, 2005, assets were pledged to secure public deposits and for other purposes. The significant components of the assets pledged were as follows:

| December 31, (in billions) | 2005 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Reverse repurchase/securities borrowing agreements | $320 | $238 |
| Securities | 24 | 49 |
| Loans | 74 | 75 |
| Other(a) | 99 | 90 |
| Total assets pledged | $517 | $452 |

(a)   Primarily composed of trading assets.

# Litigation reserve

The Firm maintains litigation reserves for certain of its litigations, including its material legal proceedings. While the outcome of litigation is inherently uncertain, management believes, in light of all information known to it at December 31, 2005, that the Firm's litigation reserves were adequate at such date. Management reviews litigation reserves periodically, and the reserves may be increased or decreased in the future to reflect further litigation developments. The Firm believes it has meritorious defenses to claims asserted against it in its currently outstanding litigation and, with respect to such litigation, intends to continue to defend itself vigorously, litigating or settling cases according to management's judgment as to what is in the best interest of stockholders.

# Note 26 – Accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities

Derivative instruments enable end users to increase, reduce or alter exposure to credit or market risks. The value of a derivative is derived from its reference to an underlying variable or combination of variables such as equity, foreign exchange, credit, commodity or interest rate prices or indices. JPMorgan Chase makes markets in derivatives for customers and also is an end-user of derivatives in order to manage the Firm's exposure to credit and market risks.

SFAS 133, as amended by SFAS 138 and SFAS 149, establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including those used for trading and hedging activities, and derivative instruments embedded in other contracts. All free- standing derivatives, whether designated for hedging relationships or not, are required to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in value of a derivative depends on whether the contract is for trading purposes or has been designated and qualifies for hedge accounting. The majority of the Firm's derivatives are entered into for trading purposes. The Firm also uses derivatives as an end user to hedge market exposures, modify the interest rate characteristics of related balance sheet instruments or meet longer-term investment objectives. Both trading and end-user derivatives are recorded at fair value in Trading assets and Trading liabilities as set forth in Note 3 on page 94 of this Annual Report.

In order to qualify for hedge accounting, a derivative must be considered highly effective at reducing the risk associated with the exposure being hedged. Each derivative must be designated as a hedge, with documentation of the risk management objective and strategy, including identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item and the risk exposure, and how effectiveness is to be assessed prospectively and retrospectively. The extent to which a hedging instrument is effective at achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows must be assessed at least quarterly. Any ineffectiveness must be reported in current-period earnings.

For qualifying fair value hedges, all changes in the fair value of the derivative and in the fair value of the item for the risk being hedged are recognized in earnings. If the hedge relationship is terminated, then the fair value adjustment to the hedged item continues to be reported as part of the basis of the item and is amortized to earnings as a yield adjustment. For qualifying cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the change in the fair value of the derivative is recorded in Other comprehensive income and recognized in the income statement when the hedged cash flows affect earnings. The ineffective portions of cash flow hedges are immediately recognized in earnings. If the hedge relationship is terminated, then the change in fair value of the derivative recorded in Other comprehensive income is recognized when the cash flows that were hedged occur, consistent with the original hedge strategy. For hedge

relationships discontinued because the forecasted transaction is not expected to occur according to the original strategy, any related derivative amounts recorded in Other comprehensive income are immediately recognized in earnings. For qualifying net investment hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative or the revaluation of the foreign currency-denominated debt instrument are recorded in the translation adjustments account within Other comprehensive income. Any ineffective portions of net investment hedges are immediately recognized in earnings.

JPMorgan Chase's fair value hedges primarily include hedges of fixed-rate long-term debt, loans, AFS securities and MSRs. Interest rate swaps are the most common type of derivative contract used to modify exposure to interest rate risk, converting fixed-rate assets and liabilities to a floating rate. Interest rate options, swaptions and forwards are also used in combination with interest rate swaps to hedge the fair value of the Firm's MSRs. For a further discussion of MSR risk management activities, see Note 15 on pages 114–116 of this Annual Report. All amounts have been included in earnings consistent with the classification of the hedged item, primarily Net interest income, Mortgage fees and related income, and Other income. The Firm did not recognize any gains or losses during 2005 on firm commitments that no longer qualify as fair value hedges.

JPMorgan Chase also enters into derivative contracts to hedge exposure to variability in cash flows from floating-rate financial instruments and forecasted transactions, primarily the rollover of short-term assets and liabilities, and foreign currency-denominated revenues and expenses. Interest rate swaps, futures and forward contracts are the most common instruments used to reduce the impact of interest rate and foreign exchange rate changes on future earnings. All amounts affecting earnings have been recognized consistent with the classification of the hedged item, primarily Net interest income.

The Firm uses forward foreign exchange contracts and foreign currency-denominated debt instruments to protect the value of net investments in foreign currencies in non- U.S. subsidiaries. The portion of the hedging instruments excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness (forward points) is recorded in Net interest income.

The following table presents derivative instrument hedging-related activities for the periods indicated:

(b) Includes ineffectiveness and the components of hedging instruments that have been excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness.

Over the next 12 months, it is expected that $44 million (after-tax) of net gains recorded in Other comprehensive income at December 31, 2005, will be recognized in earnings. The maximum length of time over which forecasted transactions are hedged is 10 years, and such transactions primarily relate to core lending and borrowing activities.

JPMorgan Chase does not seek to apply hedge accounting to all of the Firm's economic hedges. For example, the Firm does not apply hedge accounting to standard credit derivatives used to manage the credit risk of loans and commitments because of the difficulties in qualifying such contracts as hedges under SFAS 133. Similarly, the Firm does not apply hedge accounting to certain interest rate derivatives used as economic hedges.

# Note 27 – Off-balance sheet lending-related financial instruments and guarantees

JPMorgan Chase utilizes lending-related financial instruments (e.g., commitments and guarantees) to meet the financing needs of its customers. The contractual amount of these financial instruments represents the maximum possible credit risk should the counterparty draw down the commitment or the Firm fulfills its obligation under the guarantee, and the counterparty subsequently fails to perform according to the terms of the contract. Most of these commitments and guarantees expire without a default occurring or without being drawn. As a result, the total contractual amount of these instruments is not, in the Firm's view, representative of its actual future credit exposure or funding requirements. Further, certain commitments, primarily related to consumer financings, are cancelable, upon notice, at the option of the Firm.

To provide for the risk of loss inherent in wholesale-related contracts, an allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments is maintained. See Note 12 on pages 107–108 of this Annual Report for a further discussion on the allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments.

The following table summarizes the contractual amounts of off-balance sheet lending- related financial instruments and guarantees and the related allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments at December 31, 2005 and 2004:

|  | Contractual<br>amount | Contractual<br>amount | lending-related<br>commitments | lending-related<br>commitments |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 |
| Lending-related |  |  |  |  |
| Consumer | $655,596 | $601,196 | $15 | $12 |
| Wholesale: |  |  |  |  |
| Other unfunded commitments to extend |  |  |  |  |
| credit(a)(b)(c) | 208,469 | 185,822 | 208 | 183 |
| Asset purchase agreements(d) | 31,095 | 39,330 | 3 | 2 |
| Standby letters of credit and\nguarantees(a)(e) | 77,199 | 78,084 | 173 | 292 |
| Other letters of credit(a) | 7,001 | 6,163 | 1 | 3 |
| Total wholesale | 323,764 | 309,399 | 385 | 480 |
| Total lending-related | $979,360 | $910,595 | $400 | $492 |
| Other guarantees |  |  |  |  |
| Securities lending guarantees(f) | $244,316 | $220,783 | NA | NA |
| Derivatives qualifying as guarantees | 61,759 | 53,312 | NA | NA |

(c)   Excludes unfunded commitments to private third-party equity funds of $242 million and $563 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(d)   Represents asset purchase agreements to the Firm's administered multi-seller asset-backed commercial paper conduits, which excludes $32.4 billion and $31.7 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, related to conduits that were consolidated in accordance with FIN 46R, as the underlying assets of the conduits are reported in the Firm's Consolidated balance sheets. It also includes $1.3 billion of asset purchase agreements to other third-party entities at December 31, 2005 and $7.5 billion of asset purchase agreements to structured wholesale loan vehicles and other third- party entities at December 31, 2004.

(e) Includes unused commitments to issue standby letters of credit of $37.5 billion and $38.4 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(f)   Collateral held by the Firm in support of securities lending indemnification agreements was $245.0 billion and $221.6 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

FIN 45 establishes accounting and disclosure requirements for guarantees, requiring that a guarantor recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability in an amount equal to the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. FIN 45 defines a guarantee as a contract that contingently requires the Firm to pay a guaranteed party, based upon: (a) changes in an underlying asset, liability or equity security of the guaranteed party; or (b) a third party's failure to perform under a specified agreement. The Firm considers the following off-balance sheet lending arrangements to be guarantees under FIN 45: certain asset purchase agreements, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees, securities lending indemnifications, certain indemnification agreements included within third-party contractual arrangements and certain derivative contracts. These guarantees are described in further detail below.

The fair value at inception of the obligation undertaken when issuing the guarantees and commitments that qualify under FIN 45 is typically equal to the net present value of the future amount of premium receivable under the contract. The Firm has recorded this amount in Other Liabilities with an offsetting entry recorded in Other Assets. As cash is received under the contract, it is applied to the premium receivable recorded in Other Assets, and the fair value of the liability recorded at inception is amortized into income as Lending & deposit related fees over the life of the guarantee contract. The amount of the liability related to FIN 45 guarantees recorded at December 31, 2005 and 2004, excluding the allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments and derivative contracts discussed below, was approximately $313 million and $341 million, respectively.

Unfunded commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend only when a customer has complied with predetermined conditions, and they generally expire on fixed dates.

The majority of the Firm's unfunded commitments are not guarantees as defined in FIN 45, except for certain asset purchase agreements that are principally used as a mechanism to provide liquidity to SPEs, primarily multi-seller conduits, as described in Note 14 on pages 111–113 of this Annual Report. Some of these asset purchase agreements can be exercised at any time by the SPE's administrator, while others require a triggering event to occur. Triggering events include, but are not limited to, a need for liquidity, a market value decline of the assets or a downgrade in the rating of JPMorgan Chase Bank. These agreements may cause the Firm to purchase an asset from the SPE at an amount above the asset's fair value, in effect providing a guarantee of the initial value of the reference asset as of the date of the agreement. In most instances, third-party credit enhancements of the SPE mitigate the Firm's potential losses on these agreements.

Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees are conditional lending commitments issued by JPMorgan Chase to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party under certain arrangements, such as commercial paper facilities, bond financings, acquisition financings, trade and similar transactions. Approximately 58% of these arrangements mature within three years. The Firm typically has recourse to recover from the customer any amounts paid under these guarantees; in addition, the Firm may hold cash or other highly liquid collateral to support these guarantees. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, the Firm held collateral relating to $9.0 billion and $7.4 billion, respectively, of these arrangements.

The Firm holds customers' securities under custodial arrangements. At times, these securities are loaned to third parties, and the Firm issues securities lending indemnification agreements to the customer that protect the customer against the risk of loss if the third party fails to return the securities. To support these indemnification agreements, the Firm obtains from the third party cash or other highly liquid collateral with a market value exceeding 100% of the value of the loaned securities. If the third- party borrower fails to return the securities, the Firm would use the collateral to purchase the securities in the market and would be exposed if the value of the collateral fell below 100%. The Firm invests third-party cash collateral received in support of the indemnification agreements. In a few cases where the cash collateral is invested in resale agreements, the Firm indemnifies the third party against reinvestment risk. At December 31, 2005 and 2004, the Firm held $245.0 billion and $221.6 billion, respectively, in collateral in support of securities lending indemnification arrangements. Based upon historical experience, management expects the risk of loss to be remote.

In connection with issuing securities to investors, the Firm may enter into contractual arrangements with third parties that may require the Firm to make a payment to them in the event of a change in tax law or an adverse interpretation of tax law. In certain cases, the contract may also include a termination clause, which would allow the Firm to settle the contract at its fair value; thus, such a clause would not require the Firm to make a payment under the indemnification agreement. Even without the termination clause, management does not expect such indemnification agreements to have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition of JPMorgan Chase. The Firm may also enter into indemnification clauses when it sells a business or assets to a third party, pursuant to which it indemnifies that third party for losses it may incur due to actions taken by the Firm prior to the sale. See below for more information regarding the Firm's loan securitization activities. It is difficult to estimate the Firm's maximum exposure under these indemnification arrangements, since this would require an assessment of future changes in tax law and future claims that may be made against the Firm that have not yet occurred. However, based upon historical experience, management expects the risk of loss to be remote.

As part of the Firm's loan securitization activities, as described in Note 13 on pages 108–111 of this Annual Report, the Firm provides representations and warranties that certain securitized loans meet specific requirements. The Firm may be required to repurchase the loans and/or indemnify the purchaser of the loans against losses due to any breaches of such representations or warranties. Generally, the maximum amount of future payments the Firm would be required to make under such repurchase and/or indemnification provisions would be equal to the current amount of assets held by such securitization-related SPEs as of December 31, 2005, plus, in certain circumstances, accrued and unpaid interest on such loans and certain expenses. The potential loss due to such repurchase and/or indemnity is mitigated by the due diligence the Firm performs before the sale to ensure that the assets comply with the requirements set forth in the representations and warranties. Historically, losses incurred on such repurchases and/or indemnifications have been insignificant, and therefore management expects the risk of material loss to be remote.

The Firm is a partner with one of the leading companies in electronic payment services in a joint venture operating under the name of Chase Paymentech Solutions, LLC (the "joint venture"). The joint venture was formed in October 2005 as a result of an agreement to integrate the Firm's jointly-owned Chase Merchant Services ("CMS") and Paymentech merchant businesses, the latter of which was acquired as a result of the Merger. The joint venture provides merchant processing services in the United States and Canada. The joint venture is liable contingently for processed credit card sales transactions in the event

of a dispute between the cardmember and a merchant. If a dispute is resolved in the cardmember's favor, the joint venture will credit or refund the amount to the cardmember and charge back the transaction to the merchant. If the joint venture is unable to collect the amount from the merchant, the joint venture will bear the loss for the amount credited or refunded to the cardmember. The joint venture mitigates this risk by withholding settlement, or by obtaining escrow deposits or letters of credit from certain merchants. However, in the unlikely event that: 1) a merchant ceases operations and is unable to deliver products, services or a refund; 2) the joint venture does not have sufficient collateral from the merchants to provide customer refunds; and 3) the joint venture does not have sufficient financial resources to provide customer refunds, the Firm would be liable to refund the cardholder in proportion to its approximate equity interest in the joint venture. For the year ended December 31, 2005, the joint venture, along with the integrated businesses of CMS and Paymentech, incurred aggregate credit losses of $11 million on $563 billion of aggregate volume processed, of which the Firm shared liability only on $200 billion of aggregate volume processed. At December 31, 2005, the joint venture held $909 million of collateral. In 2004, the CMS and Paymentech ventures incurred aggregate credit losses of $7.1 million on $396 billion of aggregate volume processed, of which the Firm shared liability only on $205 billion of aggregate volume processed. At December 31, 2004, the CMS and Paymentech ventures held $620 million of collateral. The Firm believes that, based upon historical experience and the collateral held by the joint venture, the fair value of the guarantee would not be different materially from the credit loss allowance recorded by the joint venture; therefore, the Firm has not recorded any allowance for losses in excess of the allowance recorded by the joint venture.

The Firm is a member of several securities and futures exchanges and clearing-houses both in the United States and overseas. Membership in some of these organizations requires the Firm to pay a pro rata share of the losses incurred by the organization as a result of the default of another member. Such obligation varies with different organizations. It may be limited to members who dealt with the defaulting member or to the amount (or a multiple of the amount) of the Firm's contribution to a members' guaranty fund, or, in a few cases, it may be unlimited. It is difficult to estimate the Firm's maximum exposure under these membership agreements, since this would require an assessment of future claims that may be made against the Firm that have not yet occurred. However, based upon historical experience, management expects the risk of loss to be remote.

In addition to the contracts described above, there are certain derivative contracts to which the Firm is a counterparty that meet the characteristics of a guarantee under FIN 45. These derivatives are recorded on the Consolidated balance sheets at fair value. These contracts include written put options that require the Firm to purchase assets from the option holder at a specified price by a specified date in the future, as well as derivatives that effectively guarantee the return on a counterparty's reference portfolio of assets. The total notional value of the derivatives that the Firm deems to be guarantees was $62 billion and $53 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The Firm reduces exposures to these contracts by entering into offsetting transactions or by entering into contracts that hedge the market risk related to these contracts. The fair value related to these contracts was a derivative receivable of $198 million and $180 million, and a derivative payable of $767 million and $622 million at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Finally, certain written put options and credit derivatives permit cash settlement and do not require the option holder or the buyer of credit protection to own the reference asset. The Firm does not consider these contracts to be guarantees as described in FIN 45.

# Note 28 – Credit risk concentrations

Concentrations of credit risk arise when a number of customers are engaged in similar business activities or activities in the same geographic region, or when they have similar economic features that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic conditions.

JPMorgan Chase regularly monitors various segments of the credit risk portfolio to assess potential concentration risks and to obtain collateral when deemed necessary. In the Firm's wholesale portfolio, risk concentrations are evaluated primarily by industry and by geographic region. In the consumer portfolio, concentrations are evaluated primarily by product and by U.S. geographic region.

The Firm does not believe exposure to any one loan product with varying terms (e.g., interest-only payments for an introductory period) or exposure to loans with high loan-to- value ratios would result in a significant concentration

of credit risk. Terms of loan products and collateral coverage are included in the Firm's assessment when extending credit and establishing its allowance for loan losses.

For further information regarding on-balance sheet credit concentrations by major product and geography, see Note 11 on page 106 of this Annual Report. For information regarding concentrations of off-balance sheet lending-related financial instruments by major product, see Note 27 on page 124 of this Annual Report. More information about concentrations can be found in the following tables or discussion in the MD&A:

The table below presents both on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet wholesale- and consumer-related credit exposure as of December 31, 2005 and 2004:

|  | 2005 | 2005 | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
|  | Credit | On-balance | Off-balance | Credit | On-balance | Off-balance |
| December 31, (in billions) | exposure(b) | sheet(b)(c) | sheet(d) | exposure(b) | sheet(b)(c) | sheet(d) |
| Wholesale-related: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Banks and finance companies | $53.7 | $20.3 | $33.4 | $56.2 | $25.7 | $30.5 |
| Real estate | 32.5 | 19.0 | 13.5 | 28.2 | 16.7 | 11.5 |
| Consumer products | 26.7 | 10.0 | 16.7 | 21.4 | 7.1 | 14.3 |
| Healthcare | 25.5 | 4.7 | 20.8 | 22.0 | 4.5 | 17.5 |
| State and municipal governments | 25.3 | 6.1 | 19.2 | 19.8 | 4.1 | 15.7 |
| All other wholesale | 389.7 | 169.5 | 220.2 | 394.6 | 174.7 | 219.9 |
| Total wholesale-related | 553.4 | 229.6 | 323.8 | 542.2 | 232.8 | 309.4 |
| Consumer-related:\nHome finance | 198.6 | 133.5 | 65.1 | 177.9 | 124.7 | 53.2 |
| Auto &amp; education finance | 54.7 | 49.0 | 5.7 | 67.9 | 62.7 | 5.2 |
| Consumer &amp; small business and other | 20.3 | 14.8 | 5.5 | 25.4 | 15.1 | 10.3 |
| Credit card receivables(a) | 651.0 | 71.7 | 579.3 | 597.0 | 64.5 | 532.5 |
| Total consumer-related | 924.6 | 269.0 | 655.6 | 868.2 | 267.0 | 601.2 |
| Total exposure | $ 1,478.0 | $   498.6 | $   979.4 | $ 1,410.4 | $   499.8 | $  910.6 |

(a) Excludes $70.5 billion and $70.8 billion of securitized credit card receivables at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

(b) Includes HFS loans.

(c) Represents loans, derivative receivables and interests in purchased receivables.

(d) Represents lending-related financial instruments.

# Note 29 – Fair value of financial instruments

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.

The accounting for an asset or liability may differ based upon the type of instrument and/or its use in a trading or investing strategy. Generally, the measurement framework in the consolidated financial statements is one of the following:

• at fair value on the Consolidated balance sheets, with changes in fair value recorded each period in the Consolidated statements of income;

• at fair value on the Consolidated balance sheets, with changes in fair value recorded each period in a separate component of Stockholders' equity and as part of Other comprehensive income;

• at cost (less other-than-temporary impairments), with changes in fair value not recorded in the consolidated financial statements but disclosed in the notes thereto; or

• at the lower of cost or fair value.

The Firm has an established and well-documented process for determining fair values. Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If listed prices or quotes are not available, fair value is based upon internally-developed models that primarily use market-based or independent information as inputs to the valuation model. Valuation adjustments may be necessary to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value. These adjustments include amounts to reflect counterparty credit quality, liquidity and concentration concerns and are based upon defined methodologies that are applied consistently over time.

• Credit valuation adjustments are necessary when the market price (or parameter) is not indicative of the credit quality of the counterparty. As few derivative contracts are listed on an exchange, the majority of derivative positions are valued using internally developed models that use as their basis observable market parameters. Market practice is to quote parameters equivalent to a AA credit rating; thus, all counterparties are assumed to have the same credit quality. An adjustment is therefore necessary to reflect the credit quality of each derivative counterparty and to arrive at fair value. Without this adjustment, derivative positions would not be appropriately valued.

• Liquidity adjustments are necessary when the Firm may not be able to observe a recent market price for a financial instrument that trades in inactive (or less active) markets. Thus, valuation adjustments for risk of loss due to a lack of liquidity are applied to those positions to arrive at fair value. The Firm tries to ascertain the amount of uncertainty in the initial valuation based upon the liquidity or illiquidity, as the case may be, of the market in which the instrument trades and makes liquidity adjustments to the financial instruments. The Firm measures the liquidity adjustment based upon the following factors: (1) the amount of time since the last relevant pricing point; (2) whether there was an actual trade or relevant external quote; and (3) the volatility of the principal component of the financial instrument.

• Concentration valuation adjustments are necessary to reflect the cost of unwinding larger-than-normal market-size risk positions. The cost is determined based upon the size of the adverse market move that is likely to occur during the extended period required to bring a position down to a nonconcentrated level. An estimate of the period needed to reduce, without market disruption, a position to a nonconcentrated level is generally based upon the relationship of the position to the average daily trading volume of that position. Without these adjustments, larger positions would be valued at a price greater than the price at which the Firm could exit the positions.

Valuation adjustments are determined based upon established policies and are controlled by a price verification group independent of the risk-taking function. Economic substantiation of models, prices, market inputs and revenue through price/input testing, as well as backtesting, is done to validate the appropriateness of the valuation methodology. Any changes to the valuation methodology are reviewed by management to ensure the changes are justified.

The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, the use of different methodologies to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

Certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments are excluded from the scope of SFAS 107. Accordingly, the fair value disclosures required by SFAS 107 provide only a partial estimate of the fair value of JPMorgan Chase. For example, the Firm has developed long-term relationships with its customers through its deposit base and credit card accounts, commonly referred to as core deposit intangibles and credit card relationships. In the opinion of management, these items, in the aggregate, add significant value to JPMorgan Chase, but their fair value is not disclosed in this Note.

The following items describe the methodologies and assumptions used, by financial instrument, to determine fair value.

# Financial assets

# Assets for which fair value approximates carrying value

The Firm considers fair values of certain financial assets carried at cost – including cash and due from banks, deposits with banks, securities borrowed, short-term receivables and accrued interest receivable – to approximate their respective carrying values, due to their short-term nature and generally negligible credit risk.

# Assets where fair value differs from cost

The Firm's debt, equity and derivative trading instruments are carried at their estimated fair value. Quoted market prices, when available, are used to determine the fair value of trading instruments. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of instruments with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flows.

# Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements are typically short-term in nature and, as such, for a significant majority of the Firm's transactions, cost approximates carrying value. This balance sheet item also includes structured resale agreements and similar products with long-dated maturities. To estimate the fair value of these instruments, cash flows are discounted using the appropriate market rates for the applicable maturity.

Fair values of actively traded securities are determined by the secondary market, while the fair values for nonactively traded securities are based upon independent broker quotations.

# Derivatives

Fair value for derivatives is determined based upon the following:

• position valuation, principally based upon liquid market pricing as evidenced by exchange-traded prices, broker-dealer quotations or related input parameters, which assume all counterparties have the same credit rating;

• credit valuation adjustments to the resulting portfolio valuation, to reflect the credit quality of individual counterparties; and

• other fair value adjustments to take into consideration liquidity, concentration and other factors.

For those derivatives valued based upon models with significant unobservable market parameters, the Firm defers the initial trading profit for these financial instruments. The deferred profit is recognized in Trading revenue on a systematic basis (typically straight- line amortization over the life of the instruments) and when observable market data becomes available.

The fair value of derivative payables does not incorporate a valuation adjustment to reflect JPMorgan Chase's credit quality.

# Interests in purchased receivables

The fair value of variable-rate interests in purchased receivables approximate their respective carrying amounts due to their variable interest terms and negligible credit risk. The estimated fair values for fixed-rate interests in purchased receivables are determined using a discounted cash flow analysis using appropriate market rates for similar instruments.

Fair value for loans is determined using methodologies suitable for each type of loan:

• Fair value for the wholesale loan portfolio is estimated primarily, using the cost of credit derivatives, which is adjusted to account for the differences in recovery rates between bonds, upon which the cost of credit derivatives is based, and loans. • Fair values for consumer installment loans (including automobile financings) and consumer real estate, for which market rates for comparable loans are readily available, are based upon discounted cash flows adjusted for prepayments. The discount rates used for consumer installment loans are current rates offered by commercial banks. For consumer real estate, secondary market yields for comparable mortgage-backed securities, adjusted for risk, are used.

• Fair value for credit card receivables is based upon discounted expected cash flows. The discount rates used for credit card receivables incorporate only the effects of interest rate changes, since the expected cash flows already reflect an adjustment for credit risk.

• The fair value of loans in the held-for-sale and trading portfolios is generally based upon observable market prices and upon prices of similar instruments, including bonds, credit derivatives and loans with similar characteristics. If market prices are not available, the fair value is based upon the estimated cash flows adjusted for credit risk; that risk is discounted, using a rate appropriate for each maturity that incorporates the effects of interest rate changes.

# Other assets

Commodities inventory is carried at the lower of cost or fair value. For the majority of commodities inventory, fair value is determined by reference to prices in highly active and liquid markets. The fair value for other commodities inventory is determined primarily using pricing and other data derived from less liquid and developing markets where the underlying commodities are traded. This caption also includes private equity investments and MSRs. For a discussion of the fair value methodology for private equity investments, see Note 9 on page 105 of this Annual Report.

For a discussion of the fair value methodology for MSRs, see Note 15 on pages 114– 116 of this Annual Report.

# Financial liabilities

# Liabilities for which fair value approximates carrying value

SFAS 107 requires that the fair value for deposit liabilities with no stated maturity (i.e., demand, savings and certain money market deposits) be equal to their carrying value. SFAS 107 does not allow for the recognition of the inherent funding value of these instruments.

Fair value of commercial paper, other borrowed funds, accounts payable and accrued liabilities is considered to approximate their respective carrying values due to their short- term nature.

# Interest-bearing deposits

Fair values of interest-bearing deposits are estimated by discounting cash flows based upon the remaining contractual maturities of funds having similar interest rates and similar maturities.

# Federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements

Federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements are typically short-term in nature; as such, for a significant majority of these transactions, cost approximates carrying value. This balance sheet item also includes structured repurchase agreements and similar products with long-dated maturities. To estimate the fair value of these instruments, the cash flows are discounted using the appropriate market rates for the applicable maturity.

# Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs

Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs ("beneficial interests") are generally short-term in nature and, as such, for a significant majority of the Firm's transactions, cost approximates carrying value. The Consolidated balance sheets also include beneficial interests with long-dated maturities. The fair value of these instruments is based upon current market rates.

# Long-term debt-related instruments

Fair value for long-term debt, including the junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures held by trusts that issued guaranteed capital debt securities, is based upon current market rates and is adjusted for JPMorgan Chase's credit quality.

Although there is no liquid secondary market for wholesale commitments, the Firm estimates the fair value of its wholesale lending-related commitments primarily using the cost of credit derivatives (which is adjusted to account for the difference in recovery rates between bonds, upon which the cost of credit derivatives is based, and loans) and loan equivalents (which represent the portion of an unused commitment expected, based upon the Firm's average portfolio historical experience, to become outstanding in the event an obligor defaults). The Firm estimates the fair value of its consumer commitments to extend credit based upon the primary market prices to originate new commitments. It is the change in current primary market prices that provides the estimate of the fair value of these commitments. On this basis, at December 31, 2005, the estimated fair value of the Firm's lending-related commitments was a liability of $0.5 billion, compared with $0.1 billion at December 31, 2004.

The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of financial assets and liabilities valued under SFAS 107; accordingly, certain assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments are excluded from the table.

|  | 2005 | 2005 | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| December 31, (in billions) | Carrying\nvalue | Estimated\nfair value | Appreciation/\n(depreciation) | Carrying\nvalue | Estimated\nfair value | Appreciation/\n(depreciation) |
| Financial assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Assets for which fair value approximates carrying value | $155.4 | $155.4 | $— | $125.7 | $125.7 | $— |
| Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale\nagreements | 134.0 | 134.3 | 0.3 | 101.4 | 101.3 | (0.1) |
| Trading assets | 298.4 | 298.4 | — | 288.8 | 288.8 | — |
| Securities | 47.6 | 47.6 | — | 94.5 | 94.5 | — |
| Loans:  Wholesale, net of allowance for loan losses | 147.7 | 150.2 | 2.5 | 132.0 | 134.6 | 2.6 |
| Consumer, net of allowance for loan losses | 264.4 | 262.7 | (1.7) | 262.8 | 262.5 | (0.3) |
| Interests in purchased receivables | 29.7 | 29.7 | — | 31.7 | 31.8 | 0.1 |
| Other assets | 53.4 | 54.7 | 1.3 | 50.4 | 51.1 | 0.7 |
| Total financial assets | $1,130.6 | $1,133.0 | $2.4 | $1,087.3 | $1,090.3 | $3.0 |
| Financial liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Liabilities for which fair value approximates carrying value | $241.0 | $241.0 | $— | $228.8 | $228.8 | $— |
| Interest-bearing deposits | 411.9 | 411.7 | 0.2 | 385.3 | 385.5 | (0.2) |
| Federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase\nagreements | 125.9 | 125.9 | — | 127.8 | 127.8 | — |
| Trading liabilities | 145.9 | 145.9 | — | 151.2 | 151.2 | — |
| Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs | 42.2 | 42.1 | 0.1 | 48.1 | 48.0 | 0.1 |
| Long-term debt-related instruments | 119.9 | 120.6 | (0.7) | 105.7 | 107.7 | (2.0) |
| Total financial liabilities | $1,086.8 | $1,087.2 | $(0.4) | $1,046.9 | $1,049.0 | $(2.1) |
| Net appreciation |  |  | $2.0 |  |  | $0.9 |

# Note 30 – International operations

The following table presents income statement information of JPMorgan Chase by major geographic area. The Firm defines international activities as business transactions that involve customers residing outside of the United States, and the information presented below is based primarily upon the domicile of the customer. However, many of the Firm's U.S. operations serve international businesses.

As the Firm's operations are highly integrated, estimates and subjective assumptions have been made to apportion revenue and expense between U.S. and international operations. These estimates and assumptions are consistent with the allocations used for the Firm's segment reporting as set forth in Note 31 on pages 130-131 of this Annual Report.

The Firm's long-lived assets for the periods presented are not considered by management to be significant in relation to total assets. The majority of the Firm's long- lived assets are located in the United States.

| For the year ended December 31, (in millions) (a) | Revenue(b) | Expense(c) | Income before<br>income taxes | Net income |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| 2005 |  |  |  |  |
| Europe/Middle East and Africa | $7,708 | $5,454 | $2,254 | $1,547 |
| Asia and Pacific | 2,840 | 2,048 | 792 | 509 |
| Latin America and the Caribbean | 969 | 497 | 472 | 285 |
| Other | 165 | 89 | 76 | 44 |
| Total international | 11,682 | 8,088 | 3,594 | 2,385 |
| Total U.S. | 42,851 | 34,230 | 8,621 | 6,098 |
| Total | $54,533 | $42,318 | $12,215 | $8,483 |
| 2004 |  |  |  |  |
| Europe/Middle East and Africa | $6,566 | $4,635 | $1,931 | $1,305 |
| Asia and Pacific | 2,631 | 1,766 | 865 | 547 |
| Latin America and the Caribbean | 816 | 411 | 405 | 255 |
| Other | 112 | 77 | 35 | 25 |
| Total international | 10,125 | 6,889 | 3,236 | 2,132 |
| Total U.S. | 32,972 | 30,014 | 2,958 | 2,334 |
| Total | $43,097 | $36,903 | $6,194 | $4,466 |
| 2003 |  |  |  |  |
| Europe/Middle East and Africa | $6,344 | $4,076 | $2,268 | $1,467 |
| Asia and Pacific | 1,902 | 1,772 | 130 | 91 |
| Latin America and the Caribbean | 1,000 | 531 | 469 | 287 |
| Other | 50 | 17 | 33 | 34 |
| Total international | 9,296 | 6,396 | 2,900 | 1,879 |
| Total U.S. | 24,088 | 16,960 | 7,128 | 4,840 |
| Total | $33,384 | $23,356 | $10,028 | $6,719 |
| (c) |  |  |  |  |
| JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. / 2005 Annual Report |  |  |  | 129 |

(b) Revenue is composed of Net interest income and noninterest revenue.

(c) Expense is composed of Noninterest expense and Provision for credit losses.

# Note 31 – Business segments

JPMorgan Chase is organized into six major reportable business segments (the Investment Bank, Retail Financial Services, Card Services, Commercial Banking, Treasury & Securities Services and Asset & Wealth Management), as well as a Corporate segment. The segments are based upon the products and services provided or the type of customer served, and they reflect the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated by management. Results of these lines of business are presented on an operating basis. For a definition of operating basis, see the footnotes to the table below. For a further discussion concerning JPMorgan Chase's business segments, see Business segment results on pages 34-35 of this Annual Report.

In the third quarter of 2004, in connection with the Merger, business segment reporting was realigned to reflect the new business structure of the combined Firm. Treasury was transferred from the Investment Bank into Corporate. The segment formerly known as Chase Financial Services had been comprised of Chase Home Finance, Chase Cardmember Services, Chase Auto Finance, Chase Regional Banking and Chase Middle Market; as a result of the Merger, this segment is now called Retail Financial Services and is comprised of Home Finance, Auto & Education Finance, Consumer & Small Business Banking and Insurance. Chase Cardmember Services is now its own segment called Card Services, and Chase Middle Market moved into Commercial Banking. Investment Management & Private Banking was renamed Asset & Wealth Management. JPMorgan Partners, which formerly was a stand-alone business segment, was moved into Corporate. Corporate currently comprises Private Equity (JPMorgan Partners and ONE Equity Partners) and Treasury, and the

# Segment results and reconciliation(a) (table continued on next page)

| Year ended December 31,(b) | Investment Bank(d) | Investment Bank(d) | Investment Bank(d) | Retail Financial Services | Retail Financial Services | Retail Financial Services | Card Services(e) | Card Services(e) | Card Services(e) | Commercial Banking | Commercial Banking | Commercial Banking |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions, except ratios) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| Noninterest revenue | $13,168 | $11,280 | $11,017 | $4,625 | $3,077 | $2,208 | $3,563 | $2,371 | $1,092 | $986 | $682 | $393 |
| Net interest income | 1,410 | 1,325 | 1,667 | 10,205 | 7,714 | 5,220 | 11,803 | 8,374 | 5,052 | 2,610 | 1,692 | 959 |
| Total net revenue | 14,578 | 12,605 | 12,684 | 14,830 | 10,791 | 7,428 | 15,366 | 10,745 | 6,144 | 3,596 | 2,374 | 1,352 |
| Provision for credit losses | (838) | (640) | (181) | 724 | 449 | 521 | 7,346 | 4,851 | 2,904 | 73 | 41 | 6 |
| Credit reimbursement (to)/from\nTSS(c) | 154 | 90 | (36) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Merger costs | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Litigation reserve charge | — | — | 100 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Other noninterest expense | 9,739 | 8,696 | 8,202 | 8,585 | 6,825 | 4,471 | 4,999 | 3,883 | 2,178 | 1,872 | 1,343 | 822 |
| Total noninterest expense | 9,739 | 8,696 | 8,302 | 8,585 | 6,825 | 4,471 | 4,999 | 3,883 | 2,178 | 1,872 | 1,343 | 822 |
| Income (loss) before income tax\nexpense | 5,831 | 4,639 | 4,527 | 5,521 | 3,517 | 2,436 | 3,021 | 2,011 | 1,062 | 1,651 | 990 | 524 |
| Income tax expense (benefit) | 2,173 | 1,691 | 1,722 | 2,094 | 1,318 | 889 | 1,114 | 737 | 379 | 644 | 382 | 217 |
| Net income (loss) | $3,658 | $2,948 | $2,805 | $3,427 | $2,199 | $1,547 | $1,907 | $1,274 | $683 | $1,007 | $608 | $307 |
| Average equity | $20,000 | $17,290 | $18,350 | $13,383 | $9,092 | $4,220 | $11,800 | $7,608 | $3,440 | $3,400 | $2,093 | $1,059 |
| Average assets | 598,118 | 473,121 | 436,488 | 226,368 | 185,928 | 147,435 | 141,933 | 94,741 | 51,406 | 56,561 | 36,435 | 16,460 |
| Return on average equity | 18% | 17% | 15% | 26% | 24% | 37% | 16% | 17% | 20% | 30% | 29% | 29% |
| Overhead ratio | 67 | 69 | 65 | 58 | 63 | 60 | 33 | 36 | 35 | 52 | 57 | 61 |

(a) In addition to analyzing the Firm's results on a reported basis, management reviews the line of business results on an "operating basis," which is a non-GAAP financial measure. The definition of operating basis starts with the reported U.S. GAAP results. In the case of the Investment Bank, operating basis noninterest revenue includes, in Trading revenue, Net interest income ("NII") related to trading activities. In the case of Card Services, refer to footnote (e). These adjustments do not change JPMorgan Chase's reported net income. Operating basis also excludes Merger costs, nonoperating Litigation reserve charges and accounting policy conformity adjustments, as management believes these items are not part of the Firm's normal daily business operations (and, therefore, not indicative of trends) and do not provide meaningful comparisons with other periods. Finally, operating results reflect revenues (Noninterest revenue and NII) on a tax-equivalent basis. Refer to footnote (f) for the impact of these adjustments.

(c) TSS reimburses the IB for credit portfolio exposures the IB manages on behalf of clients the segments share. At the time of the Merger, the reimbursement methodology was revised to be based upon pre-tax earnings, net of the cost of capital related to those exposures. Prior to the Merger, the credit reimbursement was based upon pre-tax earnings, plus the allocated capital associated with the shared clients.

(d) Segment operating results include the reclassification of NII related to trading activities to Trading revenue within Noninterest revenue, which impacts primarily the Investment Bank. Trading-related NII reclassified to Trading revenue was $159 million, $2.0 billion and $2.1 billion in 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. These amounts are eliminated in Corporate/reconciling items to arrive at NII and Noninterest revenue on a reported GAAP basis for JPMorgan Chase.

(e) Operating results for Card Services exclude the impact of credit card securitizations on revenue, provision for credit losses and average assets, as JPMorgan Chase treats the sold receivables as if they were still on the balance sheet in evaluating the overall performance of the credit card portfolio. These adjustments are eliminated in Corporate/reconciling items to arrive at the Firm's reported GAAP results. The related securitization adjustments were as follows:

corporate support areas, which include Central Technology and Operations, Audit, Executive Office, Finance, Human Resources, Marketing & Communications, Office of the General Counsel, Corporate Real Estate and General Services, Risk Management, and Strategy and Development. Beginning January 1, 2006, TSS will report results for two divisions: TS and WSS. WSS was formed by consolidating IS and ITS.

The following table provides a summary of the Firm's segment results for 2005, 2004 and 2003 on an operating basis. The impact of credit card securitizations, Merger costs, nonoperating Litigation reserve charges and accounting policy conformity adjustments have been included in Corporate/reconciling items so that the total Firm results are on a reported basis. Finally, commencing with the first quarter of 2005, operating revenue (noninterest revenue and net interest

income) for each of the segments and the Firm is presented on a tax-equivalent basis. Accordingly, revenue from tax exempt securities and investments that receive tax credits are presented in the operating results on a basis comparable to taxable securities and investments. This approach allows management to assess the comparability of revenues arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources. The corresponding income tax impact related to these items is recorded within income tax expense. The Corporate sector's and the Firm's operating revenue and income tax expense for the periods prior to the first quarter of 2005 have been restated to be presented similarly on a tax-equivalent basis. This restatement had no impact on the Corporate sector's or the Firm's operating earnings. Segment results for periods prior to July 1, 2004, reflect heritage JPMorgan Chase-only results and have been restated to reflect the current business segment organization and reporting classifications.

| Treasury &amp; Securities Services | Treasury &amp; Securities Services | Treasury &amp; Securities Services | Asset &amp; Wealth Management | Asset &amp; Wealth Management | Asset &amp; Wealth Management | reconciling items(d)(e)(f) | reconciling items(d)(e)(f) | reconciling items(d)(e)(f) | Total | Total | Total |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| $4,179 | $3,474 | $2,661 | $4,583 | $3,383 | $2,482 | $3,598 | $2,069 | $566 | $34,702 | $26,336 | $20,419 |
| 2,062 | 1,383 | 947 | 1,081 | 796 | 488 | (9,340) | (4,523) | (1,368) | 19,831 | 16,761 | 12,965 |
| 6,241 | 4,857 | 3,608 | 5,664 | 4,179 | 2,970 | (5,742) | (2,454) | (802) | 54,533 | 43,097 | 33,384 |
| — | 7 | 1 | (56) | (14) | 35 | (3,766) | (2,150)(g) | (1,746) | 3,483 | 2,544 | 1,540 |
| (154) | (90) | 36 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | 722(h) | 1,365(h) | — | 722 | 1,365 | — |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | 2,564 | 3,700 | — | 2,564 | 3,700 | 100 |
| 4,470 | 4,113 | 3,028 | 3,860 | 3,133 | 2,486 | 2,024 | 1,301 | 529 | 35,549 | 29,294 | 21,716 |
| 4,470 | 4,113 | 3,028 | 3,860 | 3,133 | 2,486 | 5,310 | 6,366 | 529 | 38,835 | 34,359 | 21,816 |
| 1,617 | 647 | 615 | 1,860 | 1,060 | 449 | (7,286) | (6,670) | 415 | 12,215 | 6,194 | 10,028 |
| 580 | 207 | 193 | 644 | 379 | 162 | (3,517) | (2,986) | (253) | 3,732 | 1,728 | 3,309 |
| $1,037 | $440 | $422 | $1,216 | $681 | $287 | $(3,769) | $(3,684) | $668 | $8,483 | $4,466 | $6,719 |
| $1,900 | $2,544 | $2,738 | $2,400 | $3,902 | $5,507 | $52,624 | $33,112 | $7,674 | $105,507 | $75,641 | $42,988 |
| 26,947 | 23,430 | 18,379 | 41,599 | 37,751 | 33,780 | 93,540 | 111,150 | 72,030 | 1,185,066 | 962,556 | 775,978 |
| 55% | 17% | 15% | 51% | 17% | 5% | NM | NM | NM | 8% | 6% | 16% |
| 72 | 85 | 84 | 68 | 75 | 84 | NM | NM | NM | 71 | 80 | 65 |

(f) Segment operating results reflect revenues on a tax-equivalent basis with the corresponding income tax impact recorded within income tax expense. Tax-equivalent adjustments were as follows:

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)^(b) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Net interest income | $269 | $6 | $44 |
| Noninterest revenue | 571 | 317 | 89 |
| Income tax expense | 840 | 323 | 133 |

These adjustments are eliminated in Corporate/reconciling items to arrive at the Firm's reported GAAP results.

(g) Includes $858 million of accounting policy conformity adjustments consisting of approximately $1.4 billion related to the decertification of the seller's retained interest in credit card securitizations, partially offset by a benefit of $584 million related to conforming wholesale and consumer provision methodologies for the combined Firm.

(h) Merger costs attributed to the lines of business for 2005 and 2004 were as follows (there were no merger costs in 2003):

# Note 32 - Parent company

# Parent company – statements of income

# Parent company - statements of cash flows

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Operating activities |  |  |  |
| Net income | $8,483 | $4,466 | $6,719 |
| Less: Net income of subsidiaries | 9,119 | 4,762 | 7,017 |
| Parent company net loss | (636) | (296) | (298) |
| Add: Cash dividends from subsidiaries(b) | 2,891 | 1,964 | 5,098 |
| Other, net | (130) | (81) | (272) |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 2,125 | 1,587 | 4,528 |
| Investing activities |  |  |  |
| Net cash change in:\nDeposits with banking subsidiaries | 1,251 | 1,851 | (2,560) |
| Securities purchased under resale agreements,\nprimarily with nonbank subsidiaries | (24) | 355 | 99 |
| Loans | (176) | 407 | (490) |
| Advances to subsidiaries | (483) | (5,772) | (3,165) |
| Investment (at equity) in subsidiaries | (2,949) | (4,015) | (2,052) |
| Other, net | 34 | 11 | 12 |
| Available-for-sale securities:\nPurchases | (215) | (392) | (607) |
| Proceeds from sales and maturities | 124 | 114 | 654 |
| Cash received in business acquisitions | — | 4,608 | — |
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | (2,438) | (2,833) | (8,109) |
| Financing activities |  |  |  |
| Net cash change in borrowings from subsidiaries (b) | 2,316 | 941 | 2,005 |
| Net cash change in other borrowed funds | 625 | (1,510) | (2,104) |
| Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt | 15,992 | 12,816 | 12,105 |
| Repayments of long-term debt | (10,864) | (6,149) | (6,733) |
| Proceeds from the issuance of stock and stock-related\nawards | 682 | 848 | 1,213 |
| Redemption of preferred stock | (200) | (670) | — |
| Treasury stock purchased | (3,412) | (738) | — |
| Cash dividends paid | (4,878) | (3,927) | (2,865) |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 261 | 1,611 | 3,621 |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash with banks | (52) | 365 | 40 |
| Cash with banks at the beginning of the year | 513 | 148 | 108 |
| Cash with banks at the end of the year, primarily with\nbank subsidiaries | $461 | $513 | $148 |
| Cash interest paid | $3,838 | $2,383 | $1,918 |
| Cash income taxes paid | $3,426 | $701 | $754 |

(a)   2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results. 2003 reflects the results of heritage JPMorgan Chase only. For a further discussion of the Merger, see Note 2 on pages 92–93 of this Annual Report.

(b)   Subsidiaries include trusts that issued guaranteed capital debt securities ("issuer trusts"). As a result of FIN 46, the Parent deconsolidated these trusts in 2003. The Parent received dividends of $21 million and $15 million from the issuer trusts in 2005 and 2004, respectively. For a further discussion on these issuer trusts, see Note 17 on pages 117–118 of this Annual Report.

# Selected quarterly financial data (unaudited)

| (in millions, except per share, ratio and headcount data) | 2005(f) | 2005(f) | 2005(f) | 2005(f) | 2004 | 2004 | 2004 | 2004 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| As of or for the period ended | 4th | 3rd | 2nd | 1st | 4th(f) | 3rd(f) | 2nd(h) | 1st(h) |
| Selected income statement data |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Noninterest revenue | $8,925 | $9,613 | $7,742 | $8,422 | $7,621 | $7,053 | $5,637 | $6,025 |
| Net interest income | 4,753 | 4,852 | 5,001 | 5,225 | 5,329 | 5,452 | 2,994 | 2,986 |
| Total net revenue | 13,678 | 14,465 | 12,743 | 13,647 | 12,950 | 12,505 | 8,631 | 9,011 |
| Provision for credit losses\nNoninterest expense before Merger costs and Litigation reserve | 1,224 | 1,245(g) | 587 | 427 | 1,157 | 1,169 | 203 | 15 |
| charge | 8,666 | 9,243 | 8,748 | 8,892 | 8,863 | 8,625 | 5,713 | 6,093 |
| Merger costs | 77 | 221 | 279 | 145 | 523 | 752 | 90 | — |
| Litigation reserve charge | (208) | — | 1,872 | 900 | — | — | 3,700 | — |
| Total noninterest expense | 8,535 | 9,464 | 10,899 | 9,937 | 9,386 | 9,377 | 9,503 | 6,093 |
| Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) | 3,919 | 3,756 | 1,257 | 3,283 | 2,407 | 1,959 | (1,075) | 2,903 |
| Income tax expense (benefit) | 1,221 | 1,229 | 263 | 1,019 | 741 | 541 | (527) | 973 |
| Net income (loss) | $2,698 | $2,527 | $994 | $2,264 | $1,666 | $1,418 | $(548) | $1,930 |
| Per common share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Net income (loss) per share: Basic | $0.78 | $0.72 | $0.28 | $0.64 | $0.47 | $0.40 | $(0.27) | $0.94 |
| Diluted | 0.76 | 0.71 | 0.28 | 0.63 | 0.46 | 0.39 | (0.27) | 0.92 |
| Cash dividends declared per share | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.34 |
| Book value per share | 30.71 | 30.26 | 29.95 | 29.78 | 29.61 | 29.42 | 21.52 | 22.62 |
| Common shares outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Average: Basic | 3,472 | 3,485 | 3,493 | 3,518 | 3,515 | 3,514 | 2,043 | 2,032 |
| Diluted | 3,564 | 3,548 | 3,548 | 3,570 | 3,602 | 3,592 | 2,043 | 2,093 |
| Common shares at period end | 3,487 | 3,503 | 3,514 | 3,525 | 3,556 | 3,564 | 2,088 | 2,082 |
| Selected ratios |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Return on common equity ("ROE")(a) | 10% | 9% | 4% | 9% | 6% | 5% | NM | 17% |
| Return on assets ("ROA")(a)(b) | 0.89 | 0.84 | 0.34 | 0.79 | 0.57 | 0.50 | NM | 1.01 |
| Tier 1 capital ratio | 8.5 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 8.2% | 8.4 |
| Total capital ratio | 12.0 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 12.2 | 12.0 | 11.2 | 11.4 |
| Tier 1 leverage ratio | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 5.9 |
| Selected balance sheet data (period-end) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total assets | $1,198,942 | $1,203,033 | $1,171,283 | $1,178,305 | $1,157,248 | $1,138,469 | $817,763 | $801,078 |
| Securities | 47,600 | 68,697 | 58,573 | 75,251 | 94,512 | 92,816 | 64,915 | 70,747 |
| Total loans | 419,148 | 420,504 | 416,025 | 402,669 | 402,114 | 393,701 | 225,938 | 217,630 |
| Deposits | 554,991 | 535,123 | 534,640 | 531,379 | 521,456 | 496,454 | 346,539 | 336,886 |
| Long-term debt | 108,357 | 101,853 | 101,182 | 99,329 | 95,422 | 91,754 | 52,981 | 50,062 |
| Common stockholders' equity | 107,072 | 105,996 | 105,246 | 105,001 | 105,314 | 104,844 | 44,932 | 47,092 |
| Total stockholders' equity | 107,211 | 106,135 | 105,385 | 105,340 | 105,653 | 105,853 | 45,941 | 48,101 |
| Credit quality metrics |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Allowance for credit losses | $7,490 | $7,615 | $7,233 | $7,423 | $7,812 | $8,034 | $4,227 | $4,417 |
| Nonperforming assets(c) | 2,590 | 2,839 | 2,832 | 2,949 | 3,231 | 3,637 | 2,482 | 2,882 |
| Allowance for loan losses to total loans (d) | 1.84% | 1.86% | 1.76% | 1.82% | 1.94% | 2.01% | 1.92% | 2.08% |
| Net charge-offs | $1,360 | $870 | $773 | $816 | $1,398 | $865 | $392 | $444 |
| Net charge-off rate(a)(d) | 1.39% | 0.89% | 0.82% | 0.88% | 1.46% | 0.93% | 0.78% | 0.92% |
| Wholesale net charge-off (recovery) rate(a)(d) | 0.07 | (0.12) | (0.16) | (0.03) | 0.21 | (0.07) | 0.29 | 0.50 |
| Managed Card net charge-off rate(a) | 6.39 | 4.70 | 4.87 | 4.83 | 5.24 | 4.88 | 5.85 | 5.81 |
| Headcount\nShare price(e) | 168,847 | 168,955 | 168,708 | 164,381 | 160,968 | 162,275 | 94,615 | 96,010 |
| High | $40.56 | $35.95 | $36.50 | $39.69 | $40.45 | $40.25 | $42.57 | $43.84 |
| Low | 32.92 | 33.31 | 33.35 | 34.32 | 36.32 | 35.50 | 34.62 | 36.30 |
| Close | 39.69 | 33.93 | 35.32 | 34.60 | 39.01 | 39.73 | 38.77 | 41.95 |

(a) Based upon annualized amounts.

(b) Represents Net income divided by Total average assets.

(c) Excludes wholesale purchased held-for-sale ("HFS") loans purchased as part of the Investment Bank's proprietary activities.

(d) Excluded from the allowance coverage ratios were end-of-period loans held-for-sale; and excluded from the net charge-off rates were average loans held-for-sale.

(e) JPMorgan Chase's common stock is listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange, the London Stock Exchange Limited and the Tokyo Stock Exchange. The high, low and closing prices of JPMorgan Chase's common stock are from The New York Stock Exchange Composite Transaction Tape.

(f) Quarterly results include three months of the combined Firm's results.

(g) Includes a $400 million special provision related to Hurricane Katrina allocated as follows: Retail Financial Services $250 million, Card Services $100 million, Commercial Banking $35 million, Asset & Wealth Management $3 million and Corporate $12 million.

(h) Heritage JPMorgan Chase results only.

NM - Not meaningful due to net loss.

# Glossary of terms

ACH: Automated Clearing House.

# APB: Accounting Principles Board Opinion.

APB 25: "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees."

Assets under management: Represent assets actively managed by Asset & Wealth Management on behalf of institutional, private banking, private client services and retail clients. Excludes assets managed by American Century Companies, Inc., in which the Firm has a 43% ownership interest.

Assets under supervision: Represent assets under management as well as custody, brokerage, administration and deposit accounts.

Average managed assets: Refers to total assets on the Firm's balance sheet plus credit card receivables that have been securitized.

Contractual credit card charge-off: In accordance with the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council policy, credit card loans are charged off by the end of the month in which the account becomes 180 days past due or within 60 days from receiving notification of the filing of bankruptcy, whichever is earlier.

Core deposits: U.S. deposits insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, up to the legal limit of $100,000 per depositor.

Credit derivatives are contractual agreements that provide protection against a credit event of one or more referenced credits. The nature of a credit event is established by the protection buyer and protection seller at the inception of a transaction, and such events include bankruptcy, insolvency and failure to meet payment obligations when due. The buyer of the credit derivative pays a periodic fee in return for a payment by the protection seller upon the occurrence, if any, of a credit event.

Credit cycle: a period of time over which credit quality improves, deteriorates and then improves again. While portfolios may differ in terms of risk, the credit cycle is typically driven by many factors, including market events and the economy. The duration of a credit cycle can vary from a couple of years to several years.

FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board.

FIN 39: FASB Interpretation No. 39, "Offsetting of Amounts Related to Certain Contracts."

FIN 41: FASB Interpretation No. 41, "Offsetting of Amounts Related to Certain Repurchase and Reverse Repurchase Agreements."

FIN 45: FASB Interpretation No. 45, "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirement for Guarantees, including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others."

FIN 46R: FASB Interpretation No. 46 (revised December 2003), "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51."

FIN 47: FASB Interpretation No. 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143."

FSP SFAS 106-2: "Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003."

Interests in Purchased Receivables: Represent an ownership interest in a percentage of cash flows of an underlying pool of receivables transferred by a third-party seller into a bankruptcy remote entity, generally a trust, and then financed through a commercial paper conduit.

Investment-grade: An indication of credit quality based upon JPMorgan Chase's internal risk assessment system. "Investment-grade" generally represents a risk profile similar to a rating of a BBB-/Baa3 or better, as defined by independent rating agencies.

Mark-to-market exposure: A measure, at a point in time, of the value of a derivative or foreign exchange contract in the open market. When the mark-to-market value is positive, it indicates the counterparty owes JPMorgan Chase and, therefore, creates a repayment risk for the Firm. When the mark-to-market value is negative, JPMorgan Chase owes the counterparty. In this situation, the Firm does not have repayment risk.

Master netting agreement: An agreement between two counterparties that have multiple derivative contracts with each other that provides for the net settlement of all contracts through a single payment, in a single currency, in the event of default on or termination of any one contract. See FIN 39.

NA: Data is not applicable or available for the period presented.

Net yield on interest-earning assets: The average rate for interest-earning assets less the average rate paid for all sources of funds.

# NM: Not meaningful.

# Nonoperating litigation reserve charges and recoveries are the $208 million

insurance recovery in the fourth quarter of 2005; the $1.9 billion charge taken in the second quarter of 2005; the $900 million charge taken in the first quarter of 2005; and the $3.7 billion charge taken in the second quarter of 2004; all of which relate to the legal cases named in the JPMorgan Chase Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.

Overhead ratio: Noninterest expense as a percentage of total net revenue.

Return on common equity-goodwill: Represents net income applicable to common stock divided by total average common equity (net of goodwill). The Firm uses return on equity less goodwill, a non-GAAP financial measure, to evaluate the operating performance of the Firm. The Firm also utilizes this measure to facilitate operating comparisons to other competitors.

SFAS: Statement of Financial Accounting Standards.

# SFAS 13: "Accounting for Leases."

SFAS 87: "Employers' Accounting for Pensions."

SFAS 88: "Employers' Accounting for Settlements and Curtailments of Defined Benefit Pension Plans and for Termination Benefits."

SFAS 106: "Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions."

SFAS 107: "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments."

SFAS 109: "Accounting for Income Taxes."

SFAS 114: "Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan."

SFAS 115: "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities."

SFAS 123: "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation."

SFAS 123R: "Share-Based Payment."

SFAS 133: "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities."

SFAS 138: "Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities - an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133."

SFAS 140: "Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities - a replacement of FASB Statement No. 125."

SFAS 142: "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets."

SFAS 143: "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations."

SFAS 149: "Amendment of Statement No. 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities."

SFAS 155: "Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments - an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140."

# Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") 107: "Application of Statement of Financial

Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment."

Statement of Position ("SOP") 98-1: "Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use."

Stress testing: A scenario that measures market risk under unlikely but plausible events in abnormal markets.

# Forward-looking statements

From time to time, the Firm has made and will make forward-looking statements. These statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements often use words such as "anticipate," "target," "expect," "estimate," "intend," "plan," "goal," "believe," "anticipate" or other words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements provide JPMorgan Chase's current expectations or forecasts of future events, circumstances, results or aspirations. JPMorgan Chase's disclosures in this report contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The Firm also may make forward-looking statements in its other documents filed or furnished with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). In addition, the Firm's senior management may make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, representatives of the media and others.

All forward-looking statements, by their nature, are subject to risks and uncertainties. JPMorgan Chase's actual future results may differ materially from those set forth in its forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause this difference—many of which are beyond the Firm's control—include the following: local, regional and international business, political or economic conditions; changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws; technological changes instituted by the Firm and by other entities which may affect

U.S. GAAP: Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

U.S. government and federal agency obligations: Obligations of the U.S. government or an instrumentality of the U.S. government whose obligations are fully and explicitly guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.

# U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations: Obligations of agencies

originally established or chartered by the U.S. government to serve public purposes as specified by the U.S. Congress; these obligations are not explicitly guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.

Value-at-Risk ("VAR"): A measure of the dollar amount of potential loss from adverse market moves in an ordinary market environment.

the Firm's business; mergers and acquisitions, including the Firm's ability to integrate acquisitions; ability of the Firm to develop new products and services; acceptance of new products and services and the ability of the Firm to increase market share; ability of the Firm to control expenses; competitive pressures; changes in laws and regulatory requirements; changes in applicable accounting policies; costs, outcomes and effects of litigation and regulatory investigations; changes in the credit quality of the Firm's customers; and adequacy of the Firm's risk management framework.

Additional factors that may cause future results to differ materially from forward-looking statements are discussed in Part I, Item 1A: Risk Factors in the Firm's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, to which reference is hereby made. There is no assurance that any list of risks and uncertainties or risk factors is complete.

Any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Firm speak only as of the date they are made and JPMorgan Chase does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that arise after the date the forward-looking statement was made. The reader should, however, consult any further disclosures of a forward-looking nature the Firm may make in any subsequent Annual Reports on Form 10-K, its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and its Current Reports on Form 8-K.

# Distribution of assets, liabilities and stockholders' equity;

# interest rates and interest differentials

# Consolidated average balance sheet, interest and rates

Provided below is a summary of JPMorgan Chase's consolidated average balances, interest rates and interest differentials on a taxable-equivalent basis for the years 2003 through 2005. Income computed on a taxable-equivalent basis is the income reported in the Consolidated statements of income,

adjusted to make income and earnings yields on assets exempt from income taxes (primarily federal taxes) comparable with other taxable income. The incremental tax rate used for calculating the taxable-equivalent adjustment was approximately 40% in 2005, 40% in 2004 and 41% in 2003. A substantial portion of JPMorgan Chase's securities are taxable.

| (Table continued on next page) | 2005 | 2005 | 2005 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Year ended December 31,(a)\n(Taxable-equivalent interest and rates; in millions, except rates) | Average\nbalance | Interest | Average\nrate |
| Assets |  |  |  |
| Deposits with banks | $15,203 | $680 | 4.48% |
| Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements | 139,957 | 4,125 | 2.95 |
| Securities borrowed | 63,023 | 1,154 | 1.83 |
| Trading assets - debt instruments\nSecurities: | 187,912 | 9,312 | 4.96 |
| Available-for-sale | 71,549 | 3,276 | 4.58(b) |
| Held-to-maturity | 95 | 10 | 10.42 |
| Interests in purchased receivables | 28,397 | 933 | 3.29 |
| Loans | 410,114 | 25,979(c) | 6.33 |
| Total interest-earning assets | 916,250 | 45,469 | 4.96 |
| Allowance for loan losses | (7,074) |  |  |
| Cash and due from banks | 30,880 |  |  |
| Trading assets - equity instruments | 49,458 |  |  |
| Trading assets - derivative receivables | 57,365 |  |  |
| All other assets | 138,187 |  |  |
| Total assets | $1,185,066 |  |  |
| Liabilities |  |  |  |
| Interest-bearing deposits | $395,643 | $10,295 | 2.60% |
| Federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements | 155,010 | 4,268 | 2.75 |
| Commercial paper | 14,450 | 407 | 2.81 |
| Other borrowings(d) | 106,186 | 4,867 | 4.58 |
| Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs | 44,675 | 1,372 | 3.07 |
| Long-term debt | 112,370 | 4,160 | 3.70 |
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | 828,334 | 25,369 | 3.06 |
| Noninterest-bearing deposits | 129,343 |  |  |
| Trading liabilities - derivative payables | 55,723 |  |  |
| All other liabilities, including the allowance for lending-related commitments | 65,952 |  |  |
| Total liabilities | 1,079,352 |  |  |
| Stockholders' equity |  |  |  |
| Preferred stock | 207 |  |  |
| Common stockholders' equity | 105,507 |  |  |
| Total stockholders' equity | 105,714(e) |  |  |
| Total liabilities, preferred stock of subsidiary and stockholders' equity\nInterest rate spread | $1,185,066 |  | 1.90% |
| Net interest income and net yield on interest-earning assets |  | $20,100 | 2.19 |

(b) The annualized rate for available-for-sale securities based on amortized cost was 4.56% in 2005, 4.38% in 2004 and 4.61% in 2003, and does not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected in Accumulated other comprehensive income.

(d) Includes securities sold but not yet purchased.

Within the Consolidated average balance sheets, interest and rates summary, the principal amounts of nonaccrual loans have been included in the average loan balances used to determine the average interest rate

earned on loans. For additional information on nonaccrual loans, including interest accrued, see Note 11 on pages 106 and 107.

(Continuation of table)

|  | 2004 |  | 2003 | 2003 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Average\nbalance | Interest | Average\nrate | Average\nbalance | Interest | Average\nrate |
| $28,625 | $539 | 1.88% | $9,742 | $214 | 2.20% |
| 93,979 | 1,627 | 1.73 | 87,273 | 1,497 | 1.72 |
| 49,387 | 463 | 0.94 | 40,305 | 323 | 0.80 |
| 169,203 | 7,535 | 4.45 | 148,970 | 6,608 | 4.44 |
| 78,697 | 3,471 | 4.41(b) | 77,156 | 3,537 | 4.58(b) |
| 172 | 11 | 6.50 | 286 | 21 | 7.19 |
| 15,564 | 291 | 1.87 | 5,414 | 64 | 1.18 |
| 308,450 | 16,664(c) | 5.40 | 220,692 | 11,824(c) | 5.36 |
| 744,077 | 30,601 | 4.11 | 589,838 | 24,088 | 4.09 |
| (5,951) |  |  | (5,161) |  |  |
| 25,390 |  |  | 17,951 |  |  |
| 31,264 |  |  | 5,627 |  |  |
| 59,521 |  |  | 85,628 |  |  |
| 108,255 |  |  | 82,095 |  |  |
| $962,556 |  |  | $775,978 |  |  |
| $309,020 | $4,630 | 1.50% | $227,645 | $3,604 | 1.58% |
| 155,665 | 2,312 | 1.49 | 161,020 | 2,199 | 1.37 |
| 12,699 | 131 | 1.03 | 13,387 | 151 | 1.13 |
| 83,721 | 3,817 | 4.56 | 69,703 | 3,521 | 5.05 |
| 26,817 | 478 | 1.78 | 9,421 | 106 | 1.13 |
| 79,193 | 2,466 | 3.11 | 49,095 | 1,498 | 3.05 |
| 667,115 | 13,834 | 2.07 | 530,271 | 11,079 | 2.09 |
| 101,994 |  |  | 77,640 |  |  |
| 52,761 |  |  | 67,783 |  |  |
| 64,038 |  |  | 56,287 |  |  |
| 885,908 |  |  | 731,981 |  |  |
| 1,007 |  |  | 1,009 |  |  |
| 75,641 |  |  | 42,988 |  |  |
| 76,648(e) |  |  | 43,997(e) |  |  |
| $962,556 |  |  | $775,978 |  |  |
|  |  | 2.04% |  |  | 2.00% |
|  | $16,767 | 2.25 |  | $13,009 | 2.21 |

# Interest rates and interest differential analysis of net interest income –

Presented below is a summary of interest rates and interest differentials segregated between U.S. and non-U.S. operations for the years 2003 through 2005. The segregation of U.S. and non-U.S. components is based on the location of the office recording the transaction. Intracompany funding generally

comprises dollar-denominated deposits originated in various locations that are centrally managed by JPMorgan Chase's Treasury unit. U.S. net interest income was $18.4 billion in 2005, an increase of $3.2 billion from the prior year. The increase primarily was attributable to the Merger. Net interest

(Table continued on next page)

| Year ended December 31,(a)<br>(Taxable-equivalent interest and rates; in millions, except rates) | Average<br>balance | Interest | Average<br>rate |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |
| Deposits with banks, primarily non-U.S. | $15,203 | $680 | 4.48% |
| Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements: |  |  |  |
| U.S. | 94,419 | 3,375 | 3.57 |
| Non-U.S. | 45,538 | 750 | 1.65 |
| Securities borrowed, primarily U.S.\nTrading assets - debt instruments: | 63,023 | 1,154 | 1.83 |
| U.S. | 97,943 | 4,861 | 4.96 |
| Non-U.S.\nSecurities: | 89,969 | 4,451 | 4.95 |
| U.S. | 54,441 | 2,705 | 4.97 |
| Non-U.S. | 17,203 | 581 | 3.38 |
| Interests in purchased receivables, primarily U.S. | 28,397 | 933 | 3.29 |
| Loans:\nU.S. | 373,038 | 24,934 | 6.68 |
| Non-U.S. | 37,076 | 1,045 | 2.82 |
| Total interest-earning assets | 916,250 | 45,469 | 4.96 |
| Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |
| Interest-bearing deposits: |  |  |  |
| U.S. | 272,064 | 6,682 | 2.46 |
| Non-U.S.\nFederal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements: | 123,579 | 3,613 | 2.92 |
| U.S. | 113,540 | 3,685 | 3.25 |
| Non-U.S.\nOther borrowed funds: | 41,470 | 583 | 1.41 |
| U.S. | 64,765 | 2,837 | 4.38 |
| Non-U.S. | 55,871 | 2,437 | 4.36 |
| Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs, primarily U.S. | 44,675 | 1,372 | 3.07 |
| Long-term debt, primarily U.S.\nIntracompany funding: | 112,370 | 4,160 | 3.70 |
| U.S. | 28,800 | 789 | — |
| Non-U.S. | (28,800) | (789) | — |
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | 828,334 | 25,369 | 3.06 |
| Noninterest-bearing liabilities(b) | 87,916 |  |  |
| Total investable funds | $916,250 | $25,369 | 2.77% |
| Net interest income and net yield: |  | $20,100 | 2.19% |
| U.S. |  | 18,366 | 2.70 |
| Non-U.S. |  | 1,734 | 0.73 |
| Percentage of total assets and liabilities attributable to non-U.S. operations:\nAssets |  |  | 29.4 |
| Liabilities |  |  | 29.3 |

(b) Represents the amount of noninterest-bearing liabilities funding interest-earning assets.

income from non-U.S. operations was $1.7 billion for 2005, relatively stable when compared with $1.6 billion in 2004.

For further information, see the "Net interest income" discussion in Consolidated results of operations on page 28.

| (Continuation of table) | 2004 |  | 2003 | 2003 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Average\nbalance | Interest | Average\nrate | Average\nbalance | Interest | Average\nrate |
| $28,625 | $539 | 1.88% | $9,742 | $214 | 2.20% |
| 64,673 | 1,182 | 1.83 | 61,925 | 988 | 1.59 |
| 29,306 | 445 | 1.52 | 25,348 | 509 | 2.01 |
| 49,387 | 463 | 0.94 | 40,305 | 323 | 0.80 |
| 100,658 | 4,361 | 4.33 | 86,234 | 4,013 | 4.65 |
| 68,545 | 3,174 | 4.63 | 62,736 | 2,595 | 4.14 |
| 65,853 | 3,053 | 4.63 | 67,024 | 3,168 | 4.71 |
| 13,016 | 429 | 3.29 | 10,418 | 390 | 3.75 |
| 15,564 | 291 | 1.87 | 5,414 | 64 | 1.18 |
| 275,914 | 15,675 | 5.68 | 188,637 | 10,973 | 5.82 |
| 32,536 | 989 | 3.04 | 32,055 | 851 | 2.66 |
| 744,077 | 30,601 | 4.11 | 589,838 | 24,088 | 4.09 |
| 198,075 | 2,701 | 1.36 | 117,035 | 1,688 | 1.44 |
| 110,945 | 1,929 | 1.74 | 110,610 | 1,916 | 1.73 |
| 122,760 | 1,830 | 1.49 | 129,715 | 1,599 | 1.23 |
| 32,905 | 482 | 1.47 | 31,305 | 600 | 1.92 |
| 61,687 | 2,138 | 3.47 | 59,249 | 2,323 | 3.92 |
| 34,733 | 1,810 | 5.21 | 23,841 | 1,349 | 5.66 |
| 26,817 | 478 | 1.78 | 9,421 | 106 | 1.13 |
| 79,193 | 2,466 | 3.11 | 49,095 | 1,498 | 3.05 |
| 26,687 | 207 | — | 44,856 | 946 | — |
| (26,687) | (207) | — | (44,856) | (946) | — |
| 667,115 | 13,834 | 2.07 | 530,271 | 11,079 | 2.09 |
| 76,962 |  |  | 59,567 |  |  |
| $744,077 | $13,834 | 1.86% | $589,838 | $11,079 | 1.88% |
|  | $16,767 | 2.25% |  | $13,009 | 2.21% |
|  | 15,125 | 2.74 |  | 11,124 | 2.54 |
|  | 1,642 | 0.86 |  | 1,885 | 1.24 |
|  |  | 29.7 |  |  | 30.7 |
|  |  | 30.6 |  |  | 35.5 |

# Changes in net interest income, volume and rate analysis

The table below presents an analysis of the effect on net interest income of volume and rate changes for the periods 2005 versus 2004 and 2004 versus 2003. In this analysis, the change due to the volume/rate variance has been allocated to volume.

|  | 2005 versus 2004(a) | 2005 versus 2004(a) | 2005 versus 2004(a) | 2004 versus 2003(a) | 2004 versus 2003(a) | 2004 versus 2003(a) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (On a taxable-equivalent basis; | Increase (decrease) due to change in: | Increase (decrease) due to change in: | Net | Increase (decrease) due to change in: | Increase (decrease) due to change in: | Net |
| in millions) | Volume | Rate | change | Volume | Rate | change |
| Interest-earning assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Deposits with banks, primarily non-U.S. | $(603) | $744 | $141 | $356 | $(31) | $325 |
| Federal funds sold and securities purchased under\nresale agreements: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| U.S. | 1,068 | 1,125 | 2,193 | 45 | 149 | 194 |
| Non-U.S. | 267 | 38 | 305 | 60 | (124) | (64) |
| Securities borrowed, primarily U.S.\nTrading assets – debt instruments: | 251 | 440 | 691 | 84 | 56 | 140 |
| U.S. | (134) | 634 | 500 | 624 | (276) | 348 |
| Non-U.S. | 1,058 | 219 | 1,277 | 272 | 307 | 579 |
| Securities:\nU.S. | (572) | 224 | (348) | (61) | (54) | (115) |
| Non-U.S. | 140 | 12 | 152 | 87 | (48) | 39 |
| Interests in purchased receivables, primarily U.S. | 421 | 221 | 642 | 190 | 37 | 227 |
| Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| U.S. | 6,500 | 2,759 | 9,259 | 4,966 | (264) | 4,702 |
| Non-U.S. | 128 | (72) | 56 | 16 | 122 | 138 |
| Change in interest income | 8,524 | 6,344 | 14,868 | 6,639 | (126) | 6,513 |
| Interest-bearing liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Interest-bearing deposits:\nU.S. | 1,802 | 2,179 | 3,981 | 1,107 | (94) | 1,013 |
| Non-U.S. | 375 | 1,309 | 1,684 | 2 | 11 | 13 |
| Federal funds purchased and securities sold under\nrepurchase agreements: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| U.S. | (306) | 2,161 | 1,855 | (106) | 337 | 231 |
| Non-U.S. | 121 | (20) | 101 | 23 | (141) | (118) |
| Other borrowed funds:\nU.S. | 138 | 561 | 699 | 82 | (267) | (185) |
| Non-U.S. | 922 | (295) | 627 | 568 | (107) | 461 |
| Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs,\nprimarily U.S.(b) | 548 | 346 | 894 | 311 | 61 | 372 |
| Long-term debt, primarily U.S. | 1,227 | 467 | 1,694 | 939 | 29 | 968 |
| Intracompany funding:\nU.S. | 59 | 523 | 582 | (142) | (597) | (739) |
| Non-U.S. | (59) | (523) | (582) | 142 | 597 | 739 |
| Change in interest expense | 4,827 | 6,708 | 11,535 | 2,926 | (171) | 2,755 |
| Change in net interest income | $3,697 | $(364) | $3,333 | $3,713 | $45 | $3,758 |

# Securities portfolio

The table below presents the amortized cost, estimated fair value and average yield (including the impact of related derivatives) of JPMorgan Chase's securities by contractual maturity range and type of security.

# Maturity schedule of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities

| December 31, 2005 (in millions, rates on a taxable-equivalent basis) | Due in 1<br>year or less | Due after 1<br>through 5 years | Due after 5<br>through 10 years | Due after<br>10 years(a) | Total |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| U.S. government and federal agency obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |
| Amortized cost | $537 | $1,525 | $1,090 | $1,342 | $4,494 |
| Fair value | 537 | 1,525 | 1,096 | 1,377 | 4,535 |
| Average yield(b) | 0.67% | 4.38% | 4.56% | 5.73% | 4.38% |
| U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |
| Amortized cost | $13 | $31 | $192 | $22,368 | $22,604 |
| Fair value | 13 | 31 | 190 | 21,783 | 22,017 |
| Average yield(b) | 5.46% | 4.36% | 4.26% | 5.16% | 5.15% |
| Other:(c) |  |  |  |  |  |
| Amortized cost | $6,173 | $6,184 | $4,064 | $4,474 | $20,895 |
| Fair value | 5,876 | 6,453 | 4,080 | 4,562 | 20,971 |
| Average yield(b) | 2.94% | 3.55% | 4.76% | 2.06% | 3.29% |
| Total available-for-sale securities:(d) |  |  |  |  |  |
| Amortized cost | $6,723 | $7,740 | $5,346 | $28,184 | $47,993 |
| Fair value | 6,426 | 8,009 | 5,366 | 27,722 | 47,523 |
| Average yield(b) | 2.77% | 3.72% | 4.70% | 4.69% | 4.27% |
| Total held-to-maturity securities:(d) |  |  |  |  |  |
| Amortized cost | $— | $— | $30 | $47 | $77 |
| Fair value | — | — | 31 | 49 | 80 |
| Average yield(b) | — | — | 6.96% | 6.73% | 6.82% |

(a) Securities with no stated maturity are included with securities with a contractual maturity of 10 years or more. Substantially all of JPMorgan Chase's mortgaged-backed securities ("MBSs") and collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs") are due in 10 years or more based on contractual maturity. The estimated duration, which reflects anticipated future prepayments based on a consensus of dealers in the market, is approximately four years for MBSs and CMOs.

(b) The average yield was based on amortized cost balances at the end of the year, and does not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected in Accumulated other comprehensive income. Yields are derived by dividing interest income (including the effect of related derivatives on available-for-sale securities and the amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts) by total amortized cost. Taxable-equivalent yields are used where applicable.

(c) Includes obligations of state and political subdivisions, debt securities issued by non-U.S. governments, corporate debt securities, CMOs of private issuers and other debt and equity securities.

(d) For the amortized cost of the above categories of securities at December 31, 2004, see Note 9 on page 103. At December 31, 2003, the amortized cost of U.S. government and federal agency obligations and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations was $45,690 million, and other available-for-securities was $14,732 million. At December 31, 2003, the amortized cost of U.S. government and federal agency obligations and U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations held-to-maturity securities was $176 million. There were no other held-to-maturity securities at December 31, 2003.

U.S. government-sponsored enterprises were the only issuers whose securities exceeded 10% of JPMorgan Chase's total stockholders' equity at December 31, 2005. For a further discussion of JPMorgan Chase's securities portfolios, see Note 9 on pages 103–105.

# Loan portfolio

The table below presents loans based on customer and collateral type compared with the line of business approach that is presented in Credit risk management on pages 64, 65 and 71, and in Note 11 on page 106:

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003(a) | 2002(a) | 2001(a) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| U.S. loans: |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | $84,597 | $76,890 | $38,879 | $49,205 | $56,680 |
| Commercial real estate – commercial mortgage(b) | 16,074 | 15,323 | 3,182 | 3,176 | 3,533 |
| Commercial real estate – construction(b) | 4,143 | 4,612 | 589 | 516 | 615 |
| Financial institutions | 13,259 | 12,664 | 4,622 | 3,770 | 5,608 |
| Consumer | 261,361 | 255,073 | 136,393 | 124,687 | 111,850 |
| Total U.S. loans | 379,434 | 364,562 | 183,665 | 181,354 | 178,286 |
| Non-U.S. loans: |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | 28,969 | 27,293 | 24,618 | 31,446 | 33,530 |
| Commercial real estate(b) | 311 | 929 | 79 | 381 | 167 |
| Financial institutions | 7,468 | 6,494 | 5,671 | 2,438 | 3,570 |
| Non-U.S. governments | 1,295 | 2,778 | 705 | 616 | 1,161 |
| Consumer | 1,671 | 58 | 28 | 129 | 730 |
| Total non-U.S. loans | 39,714 | 37,552 | 31,101 | 35,010 | 39,158 |
| Total loans(c) | $419,148 | $402,114 | $214,766 | $216,364 | $217,444 |

(a) Heritage JPMorgan Chase only.

(b) Represents loans secured by commercial real estate.

# Maturities and sensitivity to changes in interest rates

The table below shows, at December 31, 2005, commercial loan maturity and distribution between fixed and floating interest rates based upon the stated terms of the commercial loan agreements. The table does not include the impact of derivative instruments.

| December 31, 2005 (in millions) | Within<br>1 year(a) | 1-5<br>years | After 5<br>years | Total |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| U.S.: |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | $36,898 | $37,741 | $9,958 | $84,597 |
| Commercial real estate | 4,259 | 10,719 | 5,239 | 20,217 |
| Financial institutions | 8,578 | 2,989 | 1,692 | 13,259 |
| Non-U.S. | 19,469 | 11,084 | 7,490 | 38,043 |
| Total commercial loans | $69,204 | $62,533 | $24,379 | $156,116 |
| Loans at fixed interest rates |  | $29,409 | $11,955 |  |
| Loans at variable interest rates |  | 33,124 | 12,424 |  |
| Total commercial loans |  | $62,533 | $24,379 |  |

(a) Includes demand loans and overdrafts.

# Cross-border outstandings

Cross-border disclosure is based upon the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council's ("FFIEC") guidelines governing the determination of cross-border risk.

The following table lists all countries in which JPMorgan Chase's cross-border outstandings exceed 0.75% of consolidated assets as of any of the dates

specified. The disclosure includes certain exposures that are not required under the disclosure requirements of the SEC. The most significant differences between the FFIEC and SEC methodologies relate to the treatments of local country exposure and to foreign exchange and derivatives.

For a further discussion of JPMorgan Chase's cross-border exposure based on management's view of this exposure, see Country exposure on page 70.

# Cross-border outstandings exceeding 0.75% of total assets

| (in millions) | At December 31, | Governments | Banks | Other(b) | Net local<br>country<br>assets | Total<br>direct<br>exposure(c) | Commitments(d) | Total<br>cross-border<br>exposure |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| U.K. | 2005 | $1,108 | $16,782 | $9,893 | $— | $27,783 | $146,854 | $174,637 |
|  | 2004 | 1,531 | 23,421 | 24,357 | — | 49,309 | 102,770 | 152,079 |
|  | 2003(a) | 1,111 | 3,758 | 11,839 | — | 16,708 | 35,983 | 52,691 |
| Germany | 2005 | $26,959 | $8,462 | $10,579 | $— | $46,000 | $89,112 | $135,112 |
|  | 2004 | 28,114 | 10,547 | 9,759 | 509 | 48,929 | 47,268 | 96,197 |
|  | 2003(a) | 14,741 | 12,353 | 4,383 | — | 31,477 | 31,332 | 62,809 |
| France | 2005 | $8,346 | $7,890 | $7,717 | $305 | $24,258 | $75,577 | $99,835 |
|  | 2004 | 3,315 | 15,178 | 11,790 | 2,082 | 32,365 | 33,724 | 66,089 |
|  | 2003(a) | 2,311 | 3,788 | 6,070 | 599 | 12,768 | 22,385 | 35,153 |
| Italy | 2005 | $14,193 | $4,053 | $5,264 | $308 | $23,818 | $36,688 | $60,506 |
|  | 2004 | 12,431 | 5,589 | 6,911 | 180 | 25,111 | 14,895 | 40,006 |
|  | 2003(a) | 9,336 | 3,743 | 2,570 | 818 | 16,467 | 10,738 | 27,205 |
| Netherlands | 2005 | $2,918 | $2,330 | $11,410 | $— | $16,658 | $36,584 | $53,242 |
|  | 2004 | 1,563 | 4,656 | 13,302 | — | 19,521 | 16,985 | 36,506 |
|  | 2003(a) | 4,571 | 3,997 | 11,152 | — | 19,720 | 11,689 | 31,409 |
| Spain | 2005 | $2,876 | $3,108 | $2,455 | $733 | $9,172 | $24,000 | $33,172 |
|  | 2004 | 4,224 | 3,781 | 5,276 | 659 | 13,940 | 11,087 | 25,027 |
|  | 2003(a) | 1,365 | 1,909 | 2,964 | — | 6,238 | 7,301 | 13,539 |
| Japan | 2005 | $2,474 | $3,008 | $1,167 | $— | $6,649 | $20,801 | $27,450 |
|  | 2004 | 25,349 | 3,869 | 5,765 | — | 34,983 | 23,582 | 58,565 |
|  | 2003(a) | 8,902 | 510 | 2,358 | — | 11,770 | 13,474 | 25,244 |
| Switzerland | 2005 | $207 | $2,873 | $3,471 | $— | $6,551 | $18,794 | $25,345 |
|  | 2004 | 327 | 4,131 | 5,184 | 311 | 9,953 | 7,807 | 17,760 |
|  | 2003(a) | 370 | 4,630 | 2,201 | 320 | 7,521 | 4,993 | 12,514 |
| Luxembourg | 2005 | $1,326 | $2,484 | $9,082 | $— | $12,892 | $7,625 | $20,517 |
|  | 2004 | 397 | 5,000 | 9,690 | — | 15,087 | 1,721 | 16,808 |
|  | 2003(a) | 774 | 718 | 8,336 | — | 9,828 | 1,007 | 10,835 |
| Belgium | 2005 | $2,350 | $1,268 | $1,893 | $— | $5,511 | $1,481 | $6,992 |
|  | 2004 | 2,899 | 3,177 | 3,075 | — | 9,151 | 1,254 | 10,405 |
|  | 2003(a) | 1,426 | 474 | 1,096 | — | 2,996 | 1,072 | 4,068 |

(a) Heritage JPMorgan Chase only. (b) Consists primarily of commercial and industrial.

(c) Exposure includes loans and accrued interest receivable, interest-bearing deposits with banks, acceptances, resale agreements, other monetary assets, cross-border trading debt and equity instruments, mark-to-market exposure of foreign exchange and derivative contracts and local country assets, net of local country liabilities. The amounts associated with foreign exchange and derivative contracts are presented after taking into account the impact of legally enforceable master netting agreements.

(d) Commitments include outstanding letters of credit, undrawn commitments to extend credit and credit derivatives.

JPMorgan Chase's total cross-border exposure tends to fluctuate greatly, and the amount of exposure at year-end tends to be a function of timing rather than representing a consistent trend.

# Risk elements

The following table sets forth nonperforming assets and contractually past-due assets at the dates indicated:

| December 31, (in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003(d) | 2002(d) | 2001(d) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Nonperforming assets\nU.S. nonperforming loans:(a) |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | $818 | $1,175 | $1,060 | $1,769 | $1,186 |
| Commercial real estate | 234 | 326 | 31 | 48 | 131 |
| Financial institutions | 1 | 1 | 1 | 258 | 33 |
| Consumer | 1,117 | 895 | 542 | 544 | 537 |
| Total U.S. nonperforming loans | 2,170 | 2,397 | 1,634 | 2,619 | 1,887 |
| Non-U.S. nonperforming loans:(a) |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | 135 | 288 | 909 | 1,566 | 679 |
| Commercial real estate | 12 | 13 | 13 | 11 | 9 |
| Financial institutions | 25 | 43 | 25 | 36 | 23 |
| Non-U.S. governments | — | — | — | — | 11 |
| Consumer | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 |
| Total non-U.S. nonperforming loans | 173 | 346 | 950 | 1,615 | 726 |
| Total nonperforming loans | 2,343 | 2,743 | 2,584 | 4,234 | 2,613 |
| Derivative receivables | 50 | 241 | 253 | 289 | 1,300 |
| Other receivables | — | — | 108 | 108 | — |
| Assets acquired in loan satisfactions | 197 | 247 | 216 | 190 | 124 |
| Total nonperforming assets(b) | $2,590 | $3,231 | $3,161 | $4,821 | $4,037 |
| Contractually past-due assets(c) |  |  |  |  |  |
| U.S. loans: |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | $75 | $34 | $41 | $57 | $11 |
| Commercial real estate | 7 | — | — | — | 19 |
| Consumer | 1,046 | 970 | 269 | 473 | 484 |
| Total U.S. loans | 1,128 | 1,004 | 310 | 530 | 514 |
| Non-U.S. loans |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | — | 2 | 5 | — | 5 |
| Consumer | — | — | — | — | 2 |
| Total non-U.S. loans | — | 2 | 5 | — | 7 |
| Total | $1,128 | $1,006 | $315 | $530 | $521 |

(a) All nonperforming loans are accounted for on a nonaccrual basis. There were no nonperforming renegotiated loans. Renegotiated loans are those for which concessions, such as the reduction of interest rates or the deferral of interest or principal payments, have been granted as a result of a deterioration in the borrowers' financial condition.

(c) Represents accruing loans past-due 90 days or more as to principal and interest, which are not characterized as nonperforming loans.

(d) Heritage JPMorgan Chase only.

For a discussion of nonperforming loans and past-due loan accounting policies, see Credit risk management on pages 63–74, and Note 11 on pages 106–107.

# Impact of nonperforming loans on interest income

The negative impact on interest income from nonperforming loans represents the difference between the amount of interest income that would have been recorded on nonperforming loans according to contractual terms and the amount of interest that actually was recognized on a cash basis. The following table sets forth this data for the years specified.

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| U.S.: |  |  |  |
| Gross amount of interest that would have been recorded at the original rate | $ 170 | $ 124 | $86 |
| Interest that was recognized in income | (30) | (8) | (5) |
| Negative impact – U.S. | 140 | 116 | 81 |
| Non-U.S.: |  |  |  |
| Gross amount of interest that would have been recorded at the original rate | 11 | 36 | 58 |
| Interest that was recognized in income | (4) | — | — |
| Negative impact – non-U.S. | 7 | 36 | 58 |
| Total negative impact on interest income | $ 147 | $ 152 | $ 139 |

# Summary of loan and lending-related commitments loss experience

The tables below summarize the changes in the Allowance for loan losses and the Allowance for lending-related commitments, respectively, during the periods indicated. For a further discussion, see Allowance for credit losses on pages 73–74, and Note 12 on pages 107–108.

# Allowance for loan losses

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Balance at beginning of year | $7,320 | $4,523 | $5,350 | $4,524 | $3,665 |
| Addition resulting from the Merger, July 1, 2004 | — | 3,123 | — | — | — |
| Provision for loan losses | 3,575 | 2,883 | 1,579 | 4,039 | 3,185 |
| U.S. charge-offs |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | (456) | (483) | (668) | (967) | (852) |
| Commercial real estate | (36) | (17) | (2) | (5) | (7) |
| Financial institutions | — | (8) | (5) | (19) | (35) |
| Consumer | (4,334) | (3,079) | (1,646) | (2,070) | (1,485) |
| Total U.S. charge-offs | (4,826) | (3,587) | (2,321) | (3,061) | (2,379) |
| Non-U.S. charge-offs |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | (33) | (211) | (470) | (955) | (192) |
| Financial institutions | (1) | (6) | (26) | (43) | (1) |
| Non-U.S. governments | — | — | — | — | (9) |
| Consumer | (9) | (1) | (1) | (1) | (1) |
| Total non-U.S. charge-offs | (43) | (218) | (497) | (999) | (203) |
| Total charge-offs | (4,869) | (3,805) | (2,818) | (4,060) | (2,582) |
| U.S. recoveries |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | 202 | 202 | 167 | 45 | 56 |
| Commercial real estate | 10 | 20 | 5 | 24 | 9 |
| Financial institutions | 3 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 12 |
| Consumer | 668 | 319 | 191 | 276 | 132 |
| Total U.S. recoveries | 883 | 549 | 368 | 346 | 209 |
| Non-U.S. recoveries |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial and industrial | 144 | 124 | 155 | 36 | 30 |
| Financial institutions | 20 | 32 | 23 | 1 | 7 |
| Non-U.S. governments | — | — | — | 1 | — |
| Consumer | 3 | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Total non-U.S. recoveries | 167 | 157 | 178 | 38 | 38 |
| Total recoveries | 1,050 | 706 | 546 | 384 | 247 |
| Net charge-offs | (3,819) | (3,099) | (2,272) | (3,676) | (2,335) |
| Allowance related to purchased portfolios | 17 | — | — | 460 | — |
| Other(b) | (3) | (110) | (134) | 3 | 9 |
| Balance at year-end | $7,090 | $7,320 | $4,523 | $5,350 | $4,524 |

(a) 2004 results include six months of the combined Firm's results and six months of heritage JPMorgan Chase results. All periods prior to 2004 reflect the results of heritage JPMorgan Chase only.

(b) Primarily relates to the transfer of the allowance for accrued interest and fees on reported and securitized credit card loans in 2004 and 2003.

# Allowance for lending-related commitments

| Year ended December 31, (in millions)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Balance at beginning of year | $492 | $324 | $363 | $282 | $283 |
| Addition resulting from the Merger, July 1, 2004 | — | 508 | — | — | — |
| Provision for lending-related commitments | (92) | (339) | (39) | 292 | (3) |
| U.S. charge-offs – commercial and industrial | — | — | — | (212) | — |
| Total charge-offs | — | — | — | (212) | — |
| Non-U.S. recoveries – commercial and industrial | — | — | — | — | 3 |
| Total recoveries | — | — | — | — | 3 |
| Net charge-offs | — | — | — | (212) | 3 |
| Other | — | (1) | — | 1 | (1) |
| Balance at year-end | $400 | $492 | $324 | $363 | $282 |

# Loan loss analysis

| Year ended December 31, (in millions, except ratios)(a) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Balances |  |  |  |  |  |
| Loans – average | $410,114 | $308,450 | $220,692 | $211,432 | $219,843 |
| Loans – year-end | 419,148 | 402,114 | 214,766 | 216,364 | 217,444 |
| Net charge-offs(b) | 3,819 | 3,099 | 2,272 | 3,676 | 2,335 |
| Allowance for loan losses:\nU.S. | 6,642 | 6,617 | 3,677 | 4,122 | 3,743 |
| Non-U.S. | 448 | 703 | 846 | 1,228 | 781 |
| Total allowance for loan losses | 7,090 | 7,320 | 4,523 | 5,350 | 4,524 |
| Nonperforming loans | 2,343 | 2,743 | 2,584 | 4,234 | 2,613 |
| Ratios |  |  |  |  |  |
| Net charge-offs to:\nLoans – average(c) | 1.00% | 1.08% | 1.19% | 1.90% | 1.13% |
| Allowance for loan losses | 53.86 | 42.34 | 50.23 | 68.71 | 51.61 |
| Allowance for loan losses to:\nLoans – year-end (c) | 1.84 | 1.94 | 2.33 | 2.80 | 2.25 |
| Nonperforming loans(c) | 321 | 268 | 180 | 128 | 181 |

(b) Excludes net charge-offs (recoveries) on lending-related commitments of $212 million and $(3) million in 2002 and 2001, respectively. There were no net charge-offs (recoveries) on lending-related commitments in 2005, 2004 or 2003.

(c) Excludes loans held for sale.

The following table provides a summary of the average balances and average interest rates of JPMorgan Chase's various deposits for the years indicated:

|  | Average balances(a) | Average balances(a) | Average balances(a) | Average interest rates(a) | Average interest rates(a) | Average interest rates(a) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| (in millions, except interest rates) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
| U.S.: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Noninterest-bearing demand | $43,692 | $31,733 | $22,289 | —% | —% | —% |
| Interest-bearing demand | 13,620 | 11,040 | 4,859 | 2.69 | 1.31 | 1.22 |
| Savings | 239,772 | 176,850 | 104,863 | 1.57 | 0.80 | 0.75 |
| Time | 98,063 | 73,757 | 55,911 | 2.61 | 1.54 | 1.51 |
| Total U.S. deposits | 395,147 | 293,380 | 187,922 | 1.69 | 0.92 | 0.90 |
| Non-U.S.: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Noninterest-bearing demand | 6,237 | 6,479 | 6,561 | — | — | — |
| Interest-bearing demand | 70,403 | 56,870 | 66,460 | 2.94 | 1.62 | 1.63 |
| Savings | 549 | 746 | 607 | 0.36 | 0.11 | 0.15 |
| Time | 52,650 | 53,539 | 43,735 | 2.93 | 1.88 | 1.90 |
| Total non-U.S. deposits(b) | 129,839 | 117,634 | 117,363 | 2.78 | 1.64 | 1.63 |
| Total deposits | $524,986 | $411,014 | $305,285 | 1.96% | 1.13% | 1.18% |

(b) The majority of non-U.S. deposits were in denominations of $100,000 or more.

At December 31, 2005, other U.S. time deposits in denominations of $100,000 or more totaled $63 billion, substantially all of which mature in three months or less. In addition, the table below presents the maturities for U.S. time certificates of deposit in denominations of $100,000 or more:

|  | 3 months | Over 3 months | Over 6 months | Over |  |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| By remaining maturity at December 31, 2005 (in millions) | or less | but within 6 months | but within 12 months | 12 months | Total |
| U.S. time certificates of deposit ($100,000 or more) | $8,980 | $2,200 | $3,474 | $3,008 | $ 17,662 |

# Short-term and other borrowed funds

The following table provides a summary of JPMorgan Chase's short-term and other borrowed funds for the years indicated:

| (in millions, except rates) | 2005 | 2004(a) | 2003(a) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Federal funds purchased and securities\nsold under repurchase agreements: |  |  |  |
| Balance at year-end | $ 125,925 | $ 127,787 | $ 113,466 |
| Average daily balance during the year | 155,010 | 155,665 | 161,020 |
| Maximum month-end balance | 177,144 | 168,257 | 205,955 |
| Weighted-average rate at December 31 | 3.26% | 2.15% | 1.17% |
| Weighted-average rate during the year | 2.75 | 1.49 | 1.37 |
| Commercial paper: |  |  |  |
| Balance at year-end | $ 13,863 | $ 12,605 | $ 14,284 |
| Average daily balance during the year | 14,450 | 12,699 | 13,387 |
| Maximum month-end balance | 18,077 | 15,300 | 15,769 |
| Weighted-average rate at December 31 | 3.62% | 1.98% | 0.98% |
| Weighted-average rate during the year | 2.81 | 1.03 | 1.13 |
| Other borrowed funds:(b) |  |  |  |
| Balance at year-end | $ 104,636 | $ 96,981 | $ 87,147 |
| Average daily balance during the year | 106,186 | 83,721 | 69,703 |
| Maximum month-end balance | 120,051 | 99,689 | 95,690 |
| Weighted-average rate at December 31 | 4.51% | 3.81% | 4.47% |
| Weighted-average rate during the year | 4.58 | 4.56 | 5.05 |
| FIN 46 short-term beneficial interests:(c) |  |  |  |
| Commercial paper: |  |  |  |
| Balance at year-end | $ 35,161 | $ 38,519 | $ 6,321 |
| Average daily balance during the year | 34,439 | 19,472 | 6,185 |
| Maximum month-end balance | 35,676 | 38,519 | 12,007 |
| Weighted-average rate at December 31 | 2.69% | 2.23% | 0.88% |
| Weighted-average rate during the year | 3.07 | 1.80 | 1.11 |
| Other borrowed funds: |  |  |  |
| Balance at year-end | $ 4,682 | $ 3,149 | $ 3,545 |
| Average daily balance during the year | 3,569 | 3,219 | 2,048 |
| Maximum month-end balance | 5,568 | 3,447 | 3,545 |
| Weighted-average rate at December 31 | 1.92% | 1.93% | 2.26% |
| Weighted-average rate during the year | 2.13 | 1.10 | 0.83 |

(b) Includes securities sold but not yet purchased.

(c) Included on the Consolidated balance sheets in Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities. VIEs had unused commitments to borrow an additional $4.1 billion and $4.2 billion at December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, for general liquidity purposes.

Federal funds purchased represents overnight funds. Securities sold under repurchase agreements generally mature between one day and three months. Commercial paper generally is issued in amounts not less than $100,000 and with maturities of 270 days or less. Other borrowed funds consist of demand

notes, term federal funds purchased and various other borrowings that generally have maturities of one year or less. At December 31, 2005, JPMorgan Chase had no lines of credit for general corporate purposes.

# Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on behalf of the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

(Registrant)

By: /s/ WILLIAM B. HARRISON, JR.

By: /s/ JAMES DIMON

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacity and on the date indicated. JPMorgan Chase does not exercise the power of attorney to sign on behalf of any Director.

# Capacity   Date



Question: for a 2% ( 2 % ) increase in interest rates , what would have been the total impact to earnings for 2005 and 2004 ( in millions ) ?
Calculation:     impact_to_earnings = 265 + -557
answer = impact_to_earnings
Answer: -292