Security Council resolution 2284 (2016) [on extension of the mandate of UN Operation in Côte d'Ivoire (UNOCI) until 30 June 2017]
Symbol: S/RES/2284 (2016)
Date: 2016-04-28
Status: adopted
Agenda: S/71 [198] UN OPERATION IN CÔTE D'IVOIRE
S/71 [196] CÔTE D'IVOIRE--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X The situation in Côte d'Ivoire.
Subjects: UN Operation in Côte d'Ivoire|UN Mission in Liberia|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|RECONCILIATION|SOCIAL INTEGRATION|SECURITY SECTOR REFORM|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|CÔTE D'IVOIRE|HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS|INTER-AGENCY COOPERATION
Votes in favour: 15
Votes against: 0
Abstentions: 0
Voting record:
country: ANGOLA
vote: yes
country: CHINA
vote: yes
country: EGYPT
vote: yes
country: FRANCE
vote: yes
country: JAPAN
vote: yes
country: MALAYSIA
vote: yes
country: NEW ZEALAND
vote: yes
country: RUSSIAN FEDERATION
vote: yes
country: SENEGAL
vote: yes
country: SPAIN
vote: yes
country: UKRAINE
vote: yes
country: UNITED KINGDOM
vote: yes
country: UNITED STATES
vote: yes
country: URUGUAY
vote: yes
country: VENEZUELA (BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF)
vote: yes

               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2284 (2016)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                28 April 2016




               Resolution 2284 (2016)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7681st meeting, on 28 April 2016

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions, in particular resolutions 2226 (2015), 2260
               (2016) and 2283 (2016), and the statements of its President relating to the situation
               in Côte d’Ivoire, resolution 2239 (2015) on the situation in Liberia and resolution
               2227 (2015) on the situation in Mali,
                    Taking note of the special report of the Secretary-General of 31 March 2016
               (S/2016/297) as well as the report of 8 December 2015 of the Secretary-General
               (S/2015/940),
                    Taking note of the views expressed by the Government of Côte d’Ivoire
               regarding the recommendations of the special report of the Secretary -General
               (S/2016/297) during the meeting of the Security Council of 12 April 2016,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence,
               territorial integrity and unity of Côte d’Ivoire and recalling the principles of good -
               neighbourliness, non-interference and regional cooperation,
                     Recalling that the Government of Côte d’Ivoire bears primary responsibility
               for ensuring peace, stability and the protection of civilians in Côte d’Ivoire,
                     Welcoming the remarkable progress made by Côte d’Ivoire to achieve lasting
               peace and stability, as well as economic prosperity, and commending the leadership
               of the President of Côte d’Ivoire as well as the commitment of all Ivoirians in this
               regard,
                     Commending Côte d’Ivoire for the successful holding of the presidential
               election on 25 October 2015 as a critical milestone in consolidating Côte d’Ivoire’s
               long term peace and stability, and the people of Côte d´Ivoire for demonstrating
               their strong commitment to peace and democracy,
                     Welcoming the enhanced ongoing political dialogue among all political parties,
               further welcoming the important gestures made to this end by the Government of
               Côte d’Ivoire and the receptive spirit with which they have been received, and
               encouraging all political stakeholders to continue in this regard throughout the 2016
               legislative election period and beyond,




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                    Emphasizing the crucial progress made by the people and Government of Côte
               d’Ivoire toward achieving national reconciliation and social cohesion, and noting
               the importance of the work achieved by the Commission dialogue, vérité et
               reconciliation (CDVR) as well as that being undertaken by the Commission
               nationale pour la reconciliation et l’indemnisation des victimes (CONARIV),
                    Welcoming the progress by the Ivorian security services, as demonstrated by
               the continued improvements in the security situation in Côte d’Ivoire, including
               along its border regions, condemning the attack of 2 December 2015 in Olodio, and
               underscoring the importance of continued cooperation between the Governments of
               Côte d’Ivoire and countries in the subregion, in particular Liberia, to address
               remaining security challenges,
                     Strongly condemning the terrorist attack of 13 March 2016 in Grand Bassam,
               expressing full support to the efforts of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to ensure
               security and combat terrorism, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations
               and other obligations under international law, including international human rights
               law, international refugee law and international humanitarian law, and stressing that
               terrorism can only be defeated by a sustained and comprehensive approach
               involving the active participation and collaboration of all States, and subregional,
               regional and international organizations to impede, impair, and isolate the terrorist
               threat,
                     Recognizing the continued improvement of the humanitarian situation,
               welcoming the resumption of the voluntary, safe and durable return of refugees to
               their places of origin in Côte d’Ivoire, and noting the challenges associated with
               such returns, including with respect to land tenure and inter -communal relations,
                     Welcoming the successful disarmament and demobilization of more than
               60,000 former combatants, underlining the need for continued efforts by the
               Government of Côte d’Ivoire to include former combatants associated with the
               previous government as well as to commence sustainable reinsertion activities for
               the residual caseload of ex-combatants and the need to take into account the 2,000
               former combatants currently in Liberia,
                     Commending the national security institutions for performing their statutory
               functions with greater understanding of their respective roles as well as enhanced
               capacity, and welcoming in this regard the adoption of the laws outlining the
               organization of the national defence and security forces for the period 2016 -2020,
                     Reiterating the vital role of women in conflict resolution and peacebuilding,
               the importance of their equal participation and full involvement in all efforts for the
               maintenance and promotion of peace and security and their key role in
               re-establishing the fabric of societies recovering from conflict,
                     Welcoming the improvement of the human rights situation, while expressing its
               concern about the continued reports of human rights violations and abuses and
               violations of international humanitarian law, including against women and children,
               in particular sexual violence, and stressing the importance of investigating and
               prosecuting such alleged violations and abuses,
                     Welcoming national and international efforts to bring to justice alleged
               perpetrators of violations and abuses of human rights and of violations of
               international humanitarian law in Côte d’Ivoire,



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                 Commending the African Union, the Economic Community of West African
           States (ECOWAS) and the Mano River Union for their efforts to consolidate peace
           and stability in Côte d’Ivoire and the subregion, and encouraging them to continue
           to support the Ivorian authorities in addressing key challenges, especially the
           underlying causes of recent conflict and insecurity in the border area, including the
           movement of armed elements and weapons, and promoting justice and national
           reconciliation,
                 Welcoming Côte d’Ivoire’s ratification of the 1954 and 1961 Conventions on
           Statelessness and the steps being taken to revise its nationality laws, welcoming the
           important steps being taken by ECOWAS member states to address statelessness,
           and recalling the Secretary-General’s decision on Durable Solutions and expressing
           support for the implementation of the national durable solution strategy for IDPs,
                 Expressing its deep appreciation for the work of the United Nations Operation
           in Côte d’Ivoire (UNOCI) and its overall contribution to the maintenance of peace
           and security in Côte d’Ivoire since its establishment in 2004, and commending the
           contribution of troop- and police-contributing countries and donors to UNOCI,
                Mindful of its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international
           peace and security under the Charter of the United Nations,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

           National reconciliation and social cohesion
                 1.   Commends the crucial progress achieved in pursuing and strengthening
           national reconciliation and social cohesion, stresses that the forthcoming
           constitutional review referendum provides an important opportunity for all Ivoiri ans
           to achieve a shared sense of nation and to address the underlying causes of tension
           and conflict, including with respect to land tenure, nationality and identity, calls
           upon the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to ensure the full inclusiveness of the
           constitutional review process, and calls upon all Ivorian stakeholders, including
           political parties, civil society and the media, to continue to work together to
           consolidate national reconciliation and social cohesion;
                 2.    Commends all political stakeholders for contributing to the creation of
           the prevailing normalized political environment conducive to political dialogue, and
           calls upon the Government of Côte d’Ivoire as well as all political parties, civil
           society and the media to continue to foster an environment of political inclusion
           over the coming years;
                 3.     Reaffirms the importance of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire continuing
           its efforts to prevent and mitigate violence, including inter -communal tensions, by
           seeking a broad national consensus on addressing effectively national identity and
           land tenure issues;

           Security Institutions
                 4.    Calls upon the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to continue to prioritize the
           complete implementation of its national security sector reform strategy adopted in
           September 2012 and updated in 2014, and to take forward critical reforms regarding
           the training and equipment of the police and gendarmerie, improved monitoring and
           management of weapons, including through the registration of arms and related



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               lethal materiel and improvement of armouries, cohesion within the security forces
               as well as the streamlining of security structures, and of measures to enhance
               confidence within and between the security forces and the population, and
               encourages the international community to consider providing assistance to the
               Government of Côte d’Ivoire for such efforts;
                    5.    Underscores the continued importance of further enhancing the role of
               the police and gendarmerie in public order tasks, including by equipping the police
               and gendarmerie with standard policing weapons and ammunition as well as
               promoting effectiveness through relevant decentralization and ensuring sustainable
               budget allocations;
                     6.    Reiterates the need for the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to accelerate
               efforts to develop and implement sustainable reintegration opportunities to address
               the residual caseload of former Ivorian combatants, including those currently in
               Liberia, with a view to ensuring their sustainable social and economic reintegration
               into Ivoirian society;
                     7.    Welcomes the continued cooperation between, and the conduct of
               coordinated activities by UNOCI and the defence and security forces of Côte
               d’Ivoire, including the Forces Républicaines de Côte d’Ivoire (FRCI), underlines
               the renewed importance of such cooperation as UNOCI draws down and fully
               transitions its security responsibilities to the Government of Côte d’Ivoire,
               reiterates the importance for the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to ensure strict
               adherence by the defence and security forces, including the FRCI, to international
               humanitarian, human rights and refugee laws and in this context, recalls the
               importance of training in human rights, child protection and sexual - and genderbased violence for all of Côte d’Ivoire’s security and law-enforcement agencies;

               Human rights and rule of law
                     8.   Reiterates its call upon the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to ensure in the
               shortest possible time frame that, irrespective of their status or political affiliation,
               all those responsible for serious violations and abuses of human rights and
               violations of international humanitarian law, including those committed during and
               after the post-electoral crisis in Côte d’Ivoire, are brought to justice in accordance
               with its international obligations, and urges the Government to continue its
               cooperation with the International Criminal Court;
                     9.    Calls upon the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to increase and expedite its
               efforts to combat impunity and ensure equitable and independent justice wit hout
               discrimination, and encourages the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to further
               strengthen the rule of law, including through the promotion of an enabling
               environment to ensure that the work of the Ivorian judicial system is impartial,
               credible, transparent and consistent with internationally agreed standards;
                    10. Emphasizes the importance of the work conducted by the National
               Commission of Inquiry, the CDVR and the CONARIV, to lasting reconciliation in
               Côte d’Ivoire, encourages the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to publish the final
               report and recommendations of the CDVR to contribute to such reconciliation,
               welcomes the work of the Special Investigation and Examination cell, and
               encourages the Government to continue to provide it with the support it needs to
               conduct its investigations;



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                11. Welcomes the work of the National Human Rights Commission,
           underscores the importance of its independence and its compliance with the Paris
           Principles related to the work of National Human Rights institutions and calls on
           the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to strengthen this Commission, and all Ivoirian
           stakeholders, including civil society, to cooperate with it;
                 12. Calls on those responsible to cease committing acts of sexual and
           gender-based violence immediately, and calls upon the Government of Côte d’Ivoire
           to strengthen implementation of its 2014 national strategy to combat sexual - and
           gender-based violence;

           UNOCI mandate
                13. Endorses the Secretary-General’s withdrawal plan, including phased
           force reductions, as recommended in his special report of 31 March 2016
           (S/2016/297), and, taking into account the security conditions on the ground
           following the successful conclusion of the presidential election of 25 October 2015
           and the overall progress made in Côte d’Ivoire, including with respect to the
           capacity of the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to take over UNOCI’s security role,
           requests the Secretary-General to implement this plan, in close cooperation with the
           Government of Côte d’Ivoire and all relevant stakeholders;
                14. Decides that the mandate of UNOCI as set out in paragraphs 15 and 18
           below shall be extended for a final period until 30 June 2017;
                15. Decides that until 30 April 2017, the mandate of UNOCI shall be the
           following:
                (a)   Protection of civilians
              – To support the Ivorian security forces to protect civilians in the event of a
                deterioration of the security situation that could risk a strategic reversal of
                peace and stability in the country, taking into account UNOCI’s reduced
                capabilities and areas of deployment;
                (b)   Political support
              – To provide, by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, political
                facilitation and political support for the efforts of the Ivorian au thorities to
                address the root causes of the conflict and consolidate peace and stability in
                Côte d’Ivoire, including in the priority areas of the Security Sector Reform
                (SSR), reconciliation at both the national and local levels as well as social
                cohesion, and the reinsertion of the residual caseload of former combatants,
                and if needed, to assist the Ivorian authorities in the mitigation of any public
                incidents of incitement to hatred or violence;
                (c)   Support to security institutions and border-related challenges
              – To advise and support the Government in implementing its national strategy on
                SSR, including through operational- and command-level advice and
                mentorship to the defence and security forces of Côte d’Ivoire, as appropriate,
                including on the monitoring and management of weapons, and within
                UNOCI’s reduced capabilities and in close coordination with bilateral and
                multilateral partners;




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                    – To support the Government in addressing border security challenges, notably
                      with Liberia, consistent with its protection of civilians mandate, and to this
                      end, to continue to coordinate closely with the United Nations Mission in
                      Liberia (UNMIL);
                    – To liaise with the FRCI in order to promote mutual trust among all elements
                      composing the FRCI;
                     (d) Support for compliance with international humanitarian and human
               rights law
                    – To contribute to the promotion and protection of human rights in Côte
                      d’Ivoire, including through early warning activities and in close coordination
                      with the Independent Expert established under the Human Rights Council’s
                      resolution A/HRC/RES/17/21, and to monitor, help investigate, and report to
                      the Security Council on abuses and violations of human rights and violations
                      of international humanitarian law in order to prevent such abuses and
                      violations and contribute to ending impunity;
                    – To support efforts by the Ivoirian authorities to strengthen the Ivoirian national
                      capacities to promote and protect human rights, with special attention to grave
                      violations and abuses committed against children and women;
                     (e)   Support for humanitarian assistance
                    – To facilitate, as necessary and within UNOCI’s reduced capabilities, the
                      provision of humanitarian assistance and to support the Ivorian authorities in
                      preparing for the voluntary, safe and sustainable return of refugees and
                      internally displaced persons in cooperation with relevant humanitarian
                      organizations, and in creating security conditions conducive to it;
                     (f)   Public information
                    – To continue to use UNOCI’s broadcasting capacity, through ONUCI FM, to
                      contribute to the overall effort to promote sustainable peace, as well as to
                      provide information about the ongoing transformation of the United Nations’
                      engagement in Côte d’Ivoire;
                     (g)   Protection of United Nations personnel
                    – To protect United Nations personnel, installations and equipment, and ensure
                      the security and freedom of movement of United Nations personnel;
                     16. Authorizes UNOCI until 30 April 2017 to use all necessary means to
               carry out its mandate, as set forth in paragraph 15 above, within its capabilities and
               its areas of deployment;
                    17. Requests the Secretary General to complete by 30 April 2017 the
               withdrawal of all uniformed and civilian UNOCI components, other than those
               required for the Mission’s mandate as described in paragraph 18 below;
                    18. Decides that from 1 May to 30 June 2017 the mandate of UNOCI shall
               be to complete the Mission’s closure as described in paragraph 61 of the special
               report of the Secretary-General (S/2016/297) and to finalize the transition process to
               the Government of Côte d’Ivoire and the United Nations Country Team (UNCT),
               including through any remaining political facilitation that may be required;




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                 19. Encourages UNOCI, the Government of Côte d’Ivoire, the UNCT, and
           bilateral and multilateral partners, as of the adoption of this resolution, to map the
           international community’s support to Côte d’Ivoire, in particular regarding any
           residual functions currently provided by UNOCI which may be needed after the
           Mission’s closure;
                 20. Requests UNOCI to work closely with the UNCT and its component
           United Nations agencies, funds and programmes, to accelerate preparations for the
           closure of UNOCI by reinforcing programmatic cooperation for the transition of
           remaining mandated responsibilities, wherever relevant, and scaling up the activities
           and programming of the UNCT, including assistance on peace consolidation, to
           support the Government of Côte d’Ivoire to strengthen the capacity of its
           institutions, particularly as regards refugee returns, security reforms, human rights,
           and social cohesion, requests the United Nations Office for West Africa and the
           Sahel (UNOWAS) to make available its good offices, as necessary, to the
           Government of Côte d’Ivoire and the future United Nations Resident Coordinator,
           and encourages the international community, including bilateral and multilateral
           donors to assist the activities of the UNCT;
                21. Requests UNOCI to ensure that any support provided to non-United
           Nations security forces is provided in strict compliance with the Human Rights Due
           Diligence Policy on United Nations support to non-United Nations security forces
           (HRDDP);

           Force structure
                22. Decides to decrease UNOCI’s military component as outlined in
           paragraph 55 of the special report of the Secretary-General (S/2016/297), with the
           view to its complete withdrawal by 30 April 2017;
                 23. Decides to decrease UNOCI’s police component as outlined in
           paragraphs 58 and 59 of the special report of the Secretary-General (S/2016/297),
           with the view to its complete withdrawal by 30 April 2017;
                24. Expresses continued support for the mobile concept of operations of
           UNOCI’s military component, and requests UNOCI to continue to update its
           configuration in this regard, with a view to focusing on the high -risk areas,
           especially in the west, as appropriate;

           French Forces
                 25. Decides to extend until 30 June 2017 the authorization that the Security
           Council provided to the French Forces in order to support UNOCI, within the limits
           of their deployment and their capabilities;
                  26. Urges all parties to cooperate fully with the operations of UNOCI an d of
           the French Forces, which support it, in particular by ensuring their safety, security
           and freedom of movement with unhindered and immediate access throughout the
           territory of Côte d’Ivoire to enable them to fully carry out their mandates;

           Regional and inter-mission cooperation
               27. Welcomes the resumption of the regular meetings between the
           Governments of Côte d’Ivoire and Liberia regarding border challenges, and calls on



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               the Governments of Côte d’Ivoire and Liberia to continue reinforcing their
               cooperation, including through increased monitoring, information -sharing and
               coordinated actions, and to implement the shared border strategy to inter alia
               support the disarmament and repatriation of foreign armed elements on both sides of
               the border and the voluntary and safe repatriation of refugees as well as to address
               the root causes of conflict and tension;
                     28. Affirms the importance of inter-mission cooperation arrangements as
               UNMIL and UNOCI further downsize and UNOCI closes, reaffirms the
               inter-mission cooperation framework set out in its resolution 1609 (2005), and
               reaffirms its decision in its resolution 2162 (2014) that all UNOCI and UNMIL
               military utility helicopters shall be utilized in both Côte d’Ivoire and Liberia in
               order to facilitate rapid response and mobility, while not affecting the area of
               responsibility of either mission;
                    29. Commends inter-mission cooperation between UNOCI and the United
               Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilisation Mission in Mali (MINUSMA),
               and encourages both United Nations missions to continue in this direction as
               authorized by paragraph 26 of its resolution 2227 (2015);
                     30. Welcomes the continued operationalization of the quick reaction force
               established by resolution 2162 (2014) to implement UNOCI’s man date as defined in
               paragraph 15 of this resolution and to support UNMIL as defined in paragraph 31 of
               this resolution while recognizing that this unit will remain primarily a UNOCI asset,
               and requests the Secretary-General, in the context of inter-mission cooperation
               arrangements between UNMIL and UNOCI, to continue to maintain such a unit for
               a period of one year and within the authorized military strength of UNOCI;
                     31. Authorizes the Secretary-General to deploy this unit to Liberia, subject to
               the consent of the troop-contributing countries concerned and the Government of
               Liberia, in the event of a serious deterioration of the security situation on the ground
               in order to temporarily reinforce UNMIL with the sole purpose of implementing its
               mandate, and stresses that this unit should prioritize implementation of UNOCI’s
               mandate in Côte d’Ivoire;
                   32. Requests the Secretary-General to inform the Security Council
               immediately of any deployment of this unit to Liberia and to obtain Security
               Council authorization for any such deployment for a period that exceeds 90 days;
                     33. Welcomes the intention of the Secretary General as stated in paragraph 56
               of his special report (S/2016/297) to develop recommendations for the quick
               reaction force unit beyond the lifecycle of UNOCI further to its original concept,
               and in this regard looks forward to his specific proposals in his forthcoming reports
               on MINUSMA and UNMIL;
                     34. Calls upon all United Nations entities in Côte d’Ivoire and Liberia,
               including all relevant components of UNOCI and UNMIL, within their respective
               mandates, capabilities and areas of deployment, to enhance their support for the
               stabilization of the border area, including through continued inter -mission
               cooperation in support of the Ivorian and Liberian authorities and support for
               implementing regional security strategies, including those of the Mano River Union
               and ECOWAS;




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                 35. Calls upon all Member States, notably West Africa, Sahel and Maghreb
           States, as well as regional, bilateral and multilateral partners, to enhance their
           coordination to develop inclusive and effective strategies to combat in a
           comprehensive and integrated manner the activities of terrorist groups operating in
           the region;

           Reporting
                 36. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Council regularly informed of
           the situation in Côte d’Ivoire, and to provide to it a report by 31 January 2017 on
           the implementation of the mandate of UNOCI and its phased drawdown, including
           an update on the continued transition of the security responsibilities to the
           Government of Côte d’Ivoire, and an oral briefing by 30 June 2017 on the
           completion of UNOCI’s mandate and its closure;
                37.    Decides to remain seized of the matter.




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