Security Council resolution 2228 (2015) [on extension of the mandate of the AU/UN Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) until 30 June 2016]
Symbol: S/RES/2228 (2015)
Date: 2015-06-29
Status: adopted
Agenda: S/70 [160] SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/70 [204] AU/UN HYBRID OPERATION IN DARFUR
Subjects: AU/UN Hybrid Operation in Darfur|Joint Working Group on an Exit Strategy for the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID)|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|DARFUR (SUDAN)|SUDAN|MILITARY PERSONNEL|STAFFING|HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|INFORMATION EXCHANGE|GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE
Votes in favour: 15
Votes against: 0
Abstentions: 0
Voting record:
country: ANGOLA
vote: yes
country: CHAD
vote: yes
country: CHILE
vote: yes
country: CHINA
vote: yes
country: FRANCE
vote: yes
country: JORDAN
vote: yes
country: LITHUANIA
vote: yes
country: MALAYSIA
vote: yes
country: NEW ZEALAND
vote: yes
country: NIGERIA
vote: yes
country: RUSSIAN FEDERATION
vote: yes
country: SPAIN
vote: yes
country: UNITED KINGDOM
vote: yes
country: UNITED STATES
vote: yes
country: VENEZUELA (BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF)
vote: yes

               United Nations                                                                      S/RES/2228 (2015)
               Security Council                                                  Distr.: General
                                                                                 29 June 2015




               Resolution 2228 (2015)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 7475th meeting, on
               29 June 2015

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming all its previous resolutions and presidential statements concerning
               the situation in Sudan and underlining the importance of full compliance with these,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, unity, independence and
               territorial integrity of Sudan and its determination to work with the Government of
               Sudan, in full respect of its sovereignty, to assist in tackling the various challenges
               in Sudan,
                     Recalling the importance of the principles of the peaceful settlement of
               international disputes, good neighbourliness, non-interference and cooperation in
               the relations among States in the region,
                     Reaffirming the basic principles of peacekeeping, including consent of the
               parties, impartiality and non-use of force, except in self-defence and defence of the
               mandate, and recognizing that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific
               to the country concerned,
                     Recalling all its relevant resolutions on women, peace and security, on
               children and armed conflicts, on the protection of humanitarian and United Nations
               personnel, and on the protection of civilians in armed conflicts,
                     Expressing deep concern at the serious deterioration in the security situation in
               Darfur overall so far in 2015, and the profound negative impact of this on c ivilians,
               in particular women and children, in particular through a marked escalation of
               hostilities between Government forces and rebel armed groups, as well as an
               escalation of inter-communal conflicts over land, access to resources, migration
               issues and tribal rivalries, including with the involvement of paramilitary units and
               tribal militias, and a rise in criminality and banditry targeting the local population;
               further expressing deep concern that the deteriorating security situation, as
               characterised by attacks by rebel groups and Government forces, aerial
               bombardment, by the Government of Sudan, inter-tribal fighting, banditry and
               criminality, continues to threaten civilians; and reiterating its demand that all parties
               to the conflict in Darfur immediately end violence, including attacks on civilians,
               peacekeepers and humanitarian personnel,



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                    In this regard, expressing concern at evidence, collected by AU-UN Hybrid
               Operation in Darfur (UNAMID), of two air-delivered cluster bombs near Kirigiyati,
               North Darfur, taking note that UNAMID disposed of them safely, and reiterating the
               Secretary-General’s call on the Government of Sudan to immediately investigate the
               use of cluster munitions,
                      Emphasizing that those responsible for violations of international humanitarian
               law and violations and abuses of human rights must be held accountable and that the
               Government of Sudan bears the primary responsibility to protect civilians within its
               territory and subject to its jurisdiction, including protection from crimes against
               humanity and war crimes,
                     Recalling its resolution 2117 (2013) and expressing concern at the threat to
               peace and security in Darfur arising from the illicit transfer, destabilizing
               accumulation and misuse of small arms and light weapons, and the continued threats
               to civilians posed by unexploded ordnance,
                     Expressing deep concern at the significant increase in population
               displacements in 2014 and so far in 2015 and the consequent increase in
               humanitarian assistance and protection needs, with 430,000 newly displaced in
               2014, around 300,000 of whom have been unable to return to their homes, a total
               number of long-term Internally-Displaced Persons (IDPs) of 2.5 million and a total
               number of people in need of humanitarian assistance of 4.4 million,
                      Recalling the commitments made by the Government of Sudan and other
               signatories to the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur (DDPD) to ensure the
               unimpeded access of humanitarian assistance to the population in need and the
               protection of humanitarian workers and their operations in areas under their control,
               as well as to guarantee UNAMID unimpeded freedom of movement in all areas and
               at all times in Darfur in the exercise of its mandate, and further recal ling the role of
               the Implementation Follow-up Commission (IFC) in assessing the implementation
               of the DDPD,
                   Expressing concern that the continued denial of access and restrictions
               imposed on humanitarian actors have left significant gaps in the delivery o f
               humanitarian assistance, calling on the Government of Sudan to ensure
               humanitarian actors can operate in support of addressing basic needs,
                   Calling on donors, the Darfur Regional Authority and the Government of
               Sudan to provide the financial resources necessary to reach those in need,
                     Reiterating that there can be no military solution to the conflict in Darfur, and
               that an inclusive political settlement is essential to re -establishing peace, and
               underscoring the importance of fully addressing the root causes of the conflict in the
               search for a sustainable peace, which should rapidly deliver real benefits for the
               Darfuri people, in this regard reiterating its support for the DDPD as a viable
               framework for the peace process in Darfur, and for its accelera ted implementation,
               as well as the AU High-Level Implementation Panel (AU-HIP) mediated peace
               talks, and any credible moves to lay the groundwork for an inclusive,
               comprehensive and nationally-owned National Dialogue in Sudan,
                    Deploring the fact that some armed groups are impeding the peace process and
               have continued to resort to violence, reiterating its demand for the release of
               members of the former movement of Mohamed Bashar, taken captive in May 2013



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           by JEM-Gibril forces, and condemning any actions by any armed group aimed at
           forced overthrow of the Government of Sudan,
                 Noting that UNAMID’s ability to facilitate progress in implementation of the
           DDPD is hampered by delays and the absence of an inclusive political settlement
           between the government and non-signatory movements, urging the signatory parties
           to take the necessary remaining steps to implement the DDPD fully, expressing
           concern that the humanitarian and security situation, as well as the lack of capacity
           of the Darfur Regional Authority, hinder the transition from relief to stabilization
           and development activities, urging donors and the Government of Sudan to honour
           their pledges and fulfil their obligations in a timely manner, including those
           commitments made at the conference in Doha in April 2013, and affirming that
           development can support a lasting peace in Darfur,
                 Noting that local dispute resolution mechanisms play an important role in
           preventing and resolving inter-communal conflict, including conflict over natural
           resources, urging an intensification of effective efforts to prevent local disputes
           leading to violence, with its corresponding impact on the local civilian populations,
           acknowledging the efforts of Sudanese authorities and local mediators to mediate in
           inter-tribal fighting, with support from UNAMID and the UN Country Team
           (UNCT), and urging their continued work,
                  Welcoming regional and other initiatives, undertaken in close interaction with
           the Government of Sudan, to address the root causes of the conflict in Darfur and t o
           promote a sustainable peace, including the convening by the President of Chad,
           Idriss Deby Itno, of two mediation fora, encouraging the full coordination of such
           initiatives with the efforts of the Joint Special Representative (JSR), and
           commending the efforts of the JSR to secure peace, stability and security in Darfur,
           including through support to international, regional and national efforts to revitalise
           the peace process and increase its inclusiveness,
                 Underlining, without prejudice to the Security Council’s primary
           responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, the
           importance of the partnership between the United Nations and the African Union
           (AU), consistent with Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations, with regard
           to the maintenance of peace and security in Africa, particularly in Sudan,
                 Calling on all parties to comply with their obligations under international
           human rights law and international humanitarian law, stressing the importance that
           the Council attaches to ending impunity including through ensuring accountability
           and bringing to justice the perpetrators of crimes committed by all parties in Darfur,
           urging the Government of Sudan to comply with its obligations in this respect,
           welcoming the ongoing investigations by the Special Prosecutor for Darfur
           appointed by the Government of Sudan and stressing the need for further progress in
           this regard, reiterating the call for swift progress on the draft Memorandum of
           Understanding providing for UNAMID and African Union observation of the
           proceedings of the Special Court, and calling on the Government of Sudan swiftly
           to investigate attacks against UNAMID, and to bring the perpetrators to justice,
                Reaffirming its concern over the negative effect of ongoing violence in Darfur
           on the stability of Sudan as a whole as well as the region, welcoming the ongoing
           good relations between Sudan and Chad, including on border control, and




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               encouraging Sudan, Chad and the Central African Republic to continue to cooperate
               in order to achieve peace and stability in Darfur and the wider region,
                    Commending the efforts of UNAMID towards promoting peace and stability in
               Darfur, and reiterating its full support for UNAMID,
                   Welcoming the report of the Secretary-General of 26 May 2015(S/2015/378)
               on UNAMID as well as his special report of 13 March 2015 ( S/2015/163),
                    Taking note of the completion of the review commissioned by the Secretary-General on 2 July 2014 into the issue of under-reporting, and allegations of
               manipulation of reporting, by UNAMID, and welcoming the recommendations and
               conclusions contained in the review and the continued implementation of measures
               to address this issue,
                    Determining that the situation in Sudan constitutes a threat to international
               peace and security,
                    1.    Decides to extend the mandate of UNAMID, as set out in resolution
               1769, until 30 June 2016, and further decides that UNAMID shall consist of up to
               15,845 military personnel, 1,583 police personnel and 13 formed police units of up
               to 140 personnel each;
                     2.    Reiterates, in the context of the lack of progress on the benchmarks and
               the significant deterioration of the security situation, its endorsement of UNAMID ’s
               revised strategic priorities as set out in paragraph 4 of resolution 2148 (2014),
               namely: the protection of civilians, the facilitation of the delivery of humanitarian
               assistance and the safety and security of humanitarian personnel; mediation between
               the Government of Sudan and non-signatory armed movements on the basis of the
               DDPD, while taking into account ongoing democratic transformation at the national
               level; and support to the mediation of community conflict, including through
               measures to address its root causes, in conjunction with UN Country Team;
               welcomes the steps taken so far by UNAMID to implement the review of UNAMID
               conducted pursuant to resolution 2113 (2014), and requests that UNAMID continue
               to align all its activity and direct the use of its resources to the achievement of these
               priorities, discontinue all other tasks not aligned to these priorities and continue to
               streamline the mission accordingly, and stresses the imp ortance of the appropriate
               distribution of tasks and coordination between UNAMID and the UNCT in order to
               implement the review of UNAMID;
                      3.     Notes that certain elements of UNAMID’s mandate and tasks, as
               authorized in resolution 1769 (2007), which decided that the mandate of UNAMID
               shall be as set out in paragraphs 54 and 55 of the report of the Secretary -General and
               the Chairperson of the African Union Commission of 5 June 2007
               (S/2007/307/Rev.1), are no longer relevant, or are either being undertaken by or will
               soon transition to other entities with comparative advantage, namely those enumerated
               in paragraphs 54 (g) and (h), 55 (a) (v), 55 (b) (ii-iii), 55 (b) (v) , 55 (b) (x) and 55 (c)
               (iii-iv) of that report;
                     4.   Underlines that UNAMID must continue to give priority in decisions
               about the use of available capacity and resources to: (a) the protection of civilians
               across Darfur, including women and children, through, and without prejudice to the
               basic principles of peacekeeping, inter alia, continuing to move to a more preventive
               and pre-emptive posture in pursuit of its priorities and in active defence of its



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           mandate; enhanced early warning; proactive military deployment and active and
           effective patrolling in areas at high risk of conflict and high concentration of IDPs;
           more prompt and effective responses to threats of violence against civilians,
           including through regular reviews of the geographic deployment of UNAMID ’s
           force; securing IDP camps, adjacent areas and areas of return, including
           development and training of community policing; and (b) ensuring safe, timely and
           unhindered humanitarian access, and the safety and security of humanitarian
           personnel and activities, in accordance with relevant provisions of international law
           and the UN guiding principles on humanitarian assistance; and requests UNAMID
           to maximize the use of its capabilities, in cooperation with the UNCT and other
           international and non-governmental actors, in the implementation of its missionwide comprehensive strategy for the achievement of these objectives;
                 5.    Emphasizes UNAMID’s Chapter VII mandate, as defined in resolution
           1769 (2007), to deliver its core tasks to protect civilians without prejudice to the
           primary responsibility of the Government of Sudan and to ensure the freedom of
           movement and security of UNAMID’s own personnel and humanitarian workers;
           recalls that UNAMID is authorized to take all the necessary action in fulfilment of
           this mandate; and urges UNAMID to deter any threats against itself and its mandate;
                 6.   Stresses that, in the context of the evolving security situation, any
           refinement of the mission should be based on progress against the benchmarks and
           the conditions on the ground, and implemented in a gradual, phased, flexible and
           reversible manner;
                 7.   Commends the efforts of the Joint Special Representative (JSR) to
           revitalise the peace process and to increase its inclusiveness, guided by the
           Framework for AU and United Nations facilitation of the Darfur P eace Process,
           including through renewed engagement of the non-signatory movements;
           emphasizes the importance of the JSR’s strengthened coordination with the AU
           High-level Implementation Panel and the United Nations Special Envoy for Sudan
           and South Sudan in synchronising their mediation efforts and in generating progress
           on direct negotiations between the Government of Sudan and the Darfur armed
           movements;
                 8.    Welcomes that progress has been made in implementation of some
           elements of the DDPD, including the completion of security arrangements for
           Liberation and Justice Movement and Justice and Equality Movement -Sudan
           combatants and the conversion of the Liberation and Justice Movement into two
           political parties, the integration of former rebels into power st ructures of Sudan but
           deplores continuing serious delays in overall implementation of the DDPD; urges
           the signatory parties to implement the DDPD in full, including by ensuring that the
           institutions established under it are resourced and empowered to carry out their
           mandates; demands that the non-signatory armed groups refrain from impeding the
           implementation of the DDPD; and encourages UNAMID, in accordance with its
           revised strategic priorities, and the UNCT to continue to engage fully in support of
           implementation of the DDPD;
                 9.   Demands that all parties to the conflict in Darfur, including in particular
           all the non-signatory armed groups, and other groups immediately cease all acts of
           violence, and commit themselves to a sustained and permanent ceasefire , in order to
           bring a stable and durable peace to the region;



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                     10. Reaffirms its support for a Darfur-based internal dialogue that takes place
               in an inclusive environment with full respect for the civil and political rights of
               participants, including the full and effective participation of women and IDPs;
               welcomes the successful completion of the first phase of the Darfur Internal
               Dialogue and Consultation (DIDC) on 26 May; further welcomes the release of
               USD 2.5 million by the Government of Sudan as part of its contribution to the
               funding of the DIDC; expresses concern that prevailing insecurity, and lack of
               adequate funding, could undermine effective implementation of future phases of the
               DIDC; calls on the Government of Sudan and the armed groups to ensu re the
               necessary enabling environment; and requests UNAMID to continue to support,
               monitor and report on the development of the DIDC and the overall environment for
               it;
                    11. Calls for an urgent end to inter-tribal clashes, criminality and banditry
               that affect civilians; further calls for reconciliation and dialogue; and requests
               UNAMID to continue to support local conflict resolution mechanisms, including
               with civil society mechanisms;
                     12. Expresses deep concern over the proliferation of arms, in particular small
               arms and light weapons and requests UNAMID to continue to cooperate in this
               context with the Panel of Experts established by resolution 1591 (2005) in order to
               facilitate their work;
                     13. Commends UNAMID troop- and police-contributing countries; welcomes
               that some progress has been made in addressing contingent -owned equipment and
               self-sustainment shortfalls, but expresses concern that shortfalls remain; and calls
               for continued efforts by UNAMID, the Secretariat and troop- and policecontributing countries to address such shortfalls, including by providing appropriate
               training and resources to fulfil priority protection functions, especially in areas
               necessary for contingents’ temporary deployment capability and ability to conduct
               long-range patrols;
                     14. Strongly condemns all attacks on UNAMID; underlines that any attack or
               threat of attack on UNAMID is unacceptable; demands that there be no recurrence
               of such attacks and that those responsible be held to account following prompt and
               thorough investigation; urges UNAMID to take all necessary measures within its
               rules of engagement to protect UN personnel and equipment; condemns the ongoing
               impunity for those who attack peacekeepers, and in this regard urges the
               Government of Sudan to do its utmost to bring all perpetrators of any such crimes to
               justice and to cooperate with UNAMID to this end;
                    15. Reiterates its deep concern that hindrances remain to UNAMID in the
               implementation of its mandate, including movement and access restrictions, caused
               by insecurity, acts of criminality and significant movement restrictions by
               Government forces, armed movements and militia groups; calls on all parties in
               Darfur to remove all obstacles to UNAMID’s full and proper discharge of its
               mandate, including by ensuring its security and freedom of movement; and in this
               regard, demands that the Government of Sudan comply with the Status of Forces
               Agreement fully and without delay, particularly provisions relevant to the
               movement of patrols in conflict-affected areas and flight clearances, as well as those
               provisions relevant to the removal of obstacles to the use of UNAMID aerial assets,
               and the timely processing of UNAMID’s equipment at the port of entry to Sudan;




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                 16. Demands that all parties in Darfur immediately end attacks targeting
           civilians, peacekeepers and humanitarian personnel, and comply with their
           obligations under international human rights and humanitarian la w; and affirms the
           Council’s condemnation of all violations of international humanitarian law and
           violations and abuses of human rights;
                 17. Expresses serious concern at the deteriorating humanitarian situation in
           Darfur, and at the threats to and attacks on humanitarian personnel and facilities;
           expresses concern that access to some conflict areas where vulnerable populations
           reside remains restricted and that some conflict areas are inaccessible, including in
           North and Central Darfur and eastern Jebel Marra, due to insecurity, acts of
           criminality and movement restrictions by Government forces, armed movements
           and militia groups; welcomes that humanitarian organizations are able to deliver
           some aid to most people in need of assistance in Darfur; deplores the continued
           restrictions on humanitarian access in Darfur resulting from increased insecurity,
           attacks against humanitarian workers, denial of access by the parties to the conflict
           and bureaucratic impediments imposed by the Government of Sudan; further
           expresses concern over the insufficient availability of funding for humanitarian
           actors; stresses the need for the timely issuance of visas and travel permits for
           humanitarian organizations; and demands that the Government of Sudan, all
           militias, armed groups and all other stakeholders ensure the safe, timely and
           unhindered access of humanitarian organizations and relief personnel, and the
           delivery of humanitarian assistance to populations in need, in accordance with the
           relevant provisions of international law and United Nations guiding principles of
           humanitarian assistance, including humanity, impartiality, neutrality and
           independence;
                 18. Condemns increased human rights violations and abuses in, and relating
           to, Darfur, including those involving extrajudicial killings, the excessive use of
           force, abduction of civilians, acts of sexual- and gender-based violence, violations
           and abuses against children, and arbitrary arrests and detentions; calls on the
           Government of Sudan to investigate allegations of suc h violations and abuses and
           bring those responsible to justice; expresses deep concern about the situation of all
           those so detained, including civil society members and IDPs; emphasizes the
           importance of ensuring, within its current mandate, UNAMID ’s and other relevant
           organizations’ ability to monitor such cases; and in this regard urges the
           Government of Sudan to extend even greater cooperation with UNAMID towards
           fulfilment of this goal and to provide accountability and access to justice for
           victims; calls on the Government of Sudan fully to respect its obligations, including
           by fulfilling its commitment to lift the state of emergency in Darfur, releasing all
           political prisoners and allowing free expression;
                 19. Requests UNAMID to monitor, verify, and draw to the attention of the
           authorities abuses and violations of human rights, including those committed
           against women and children, and violations of international humanitarian law, and
           further requests enhanced, detailed, full and public reporting by the Secretary-General to the Council on this issue, as part of his regular 90 -day reports;
                20. Requests UNAMID to ensure that any support provided to non-United
           Nations security forces is provided in strict compliance with the Human Rights Due
           Diligence Policy on United Nations support to non-United Nations security forces




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               (HRDDP), and requests the Secretary-General to include progress made in
               implementing the policy in his reports to the Security Council;
                    21. Urges close coordination among UN missions in the region, including
               UNAMID, the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) and the
               United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS), and requests the Secretary -
               General to ensure effective inter-mission cooperation;
                     22. Emphasizes the importance of cooperation and information-sharing
               between UNAMID, UNMISS, MONUSCO, MINUSCA and relevant regional and
               international partners in addressing the regional threat including of the Lord ’s
               Resistance Army, and recalls its encouragement to UNAMID, within existing
               capacities and consistent with its mandate, to cooperate and share information in
               this regard;
                     23. Stresses the importance of achieving dignified and durable solutions for
               refugees and internally displaced persons, and of ensuring their full par ticipation in
               the planning and management of these solutions; demands that all parties to the
               conflict in Darfur create the conditions conducive to allowing the voluntary,
               informed, safe, dignified and sustainable return of refugees and internally displace d
               persons, or, where appropriate, their local integration; in this regard stresses the
               need for the establishment of a mechanism in order to verify the extent to which
               these returns are voluntary and informed in nature, and underlines the importance of
               addressing land issues for the realization of durable solutions in Darfur;
                     24. Demands that the parties to the conflict immediately cease all acts of
               sexual and gender-based violence and make and implement specific and time -bound
               commitments to combat sexual violence, in accordance with resolution 2106 (2013);
               urges the Government, with the support of the United Nations and African Union, to
               develop a structured framework through which conflict related sexual violence will
               be comprehensively addressed, and to allow access for service provision for sexual
               violence survivors; requests UNAMID to strengthen its reporting on sexual and
               gender-based violence and actions taken to combat it, including through the swift
               deployment of Women Protection Advisers; requests the Secretary-General to
               ensure that the relevant provisions of resolution 1325 (2000), and subsequent
               resolutions on women, peace and security, are implemented, including supporting
               the full and effective participation of women during all stages of peac e processes,
               particularly in conflict resolution, post-conflict planning and peacebuilding,
               including women’s civil society organizations, and to include information on this in
               his reporting to the Council; and further requests UNAMID to monitor and assess
               the implementation of these tasks and requests the Secretary-General to include
               information on this in his reporting to the Council;
                     25. Demands that the parties to the conflict immediately cease all violations
               and abuses against children, and develop and implement concrete and time-bound
               action plans to end and prevent the recruitment and use of children in violation of
               applicable international law, and requests the Secretary-General to ensure:
                     (a)   continued monitoring and reporting of the situation of children in Darfur;
               and
                    (b) continued dialogue with the parties to the conflict towards the
               development and implementation of the aforementioned action plans, in accordance




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           with resolution 1612 (2005) and subsequent resolutions on children and armed
           conflict;
                 26. Underscores the importance of regular review by the Security Council of
           each UN peacekeeping mission’s progress in implementing its mandate, and recalls
           its request to the Secretary-General, in close consultation with the AU, and seeking
           perspectives from all relevant parties, to conduct an analysis of implementation of
           the review of UNAMID; in this regard, takes note of the Secretary -General’s efforts
           to make recommendations on the future of UNAMID, including its exit strategy, as
           requested by the Security Council in paragraph 7 of resolution 2173; concurs that
           UNAMID’s long-term planning should be based upon progress towards the
           mission’s benchmarks as set out in the Secretary-General’s report of 16 October
           2012 (S/2012/771) and subsequently refined in his report of 25 February 2014
           (S/2014/138) and 15 April 2014 (S/2014/279) (Annex A); takes note that the
           Secretary General, in his report of 26 May 2015(S/2015/378), emphasizes that a
           political settlement in Darfur and direct talks between Government and the
           non-signatory armed movements, starting with a cessation of ho stilities in Darfur, is
           essential to re-establishing peace in Darfur and is primary to the achievement of
           these benchmarks;
                27. Takes note of the consultations between the UN, the AU and the
           Government of Sudan, notably in the framework of the Joint Work ing Group to
           develop an exit strategy in accordance with the mission’s benchmarks and in
           response to paragraph 7 of resolution 2173; calls for early resumption of
           consultations between the AU, the UN and the Government of Sudan in this regard;
           looks forward to the Secretary-General’s recommendations, including by building
           on any agreed recommendations of the Joint Working Group; and undertakes to
           consider the Secretary-General’s recommendations in due course;
                28. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council every 90 days
           following adoption of this resolution on UNAMID, including:
                 (i) information on the political, humanitarian and security situation in
           Darfur, including detailed reporting on incidents of violence and attacks against
           civilians, by whomsoever perpetrated;
                 (ii) information on violations of the Status of Forces Agreement, including
           those involving attacks or threats of attack on UNAMID, as well as violations of
           international humanitarian law perpetrated by any party to the conflict ;
                 (iii) developments and progress towards achievement of UNAMID ’s strategic
           priorities and benchmarks;
                 (iv) developments and progress in addressing the challenges facing UNAMID
           as identified in the review of UNAMID;
                (v)   and on the implementation of this resolution;
                29.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.




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               Annex A: UNAMID benchmarks as set out in Annex 1 of the Secretary -General
               report of 15 April 2014 (S/2014/279)
               Benchmark 1: inclusive peace process through mediation between the Government
               and non-signatory armed movements on the basis of the Doha Document for Peace
               in Darfur
               Requirements for progress would include a commitment on the part of the
               Government of the Sudan and non-signatory movements to reach a comprehensive
               negotiated political settlement to the conflict and adhere to its full and timely
               implementation; and credible Darfur-based internal dialogue and consultations that
               seek to reflect the views of the civilian population, including women, on Darfur in
               the peace process.
               Indicators
               High-level mediation
                    • The Government and the non-signatory movements enter into direct
                      negotiations brokered by the Joint African Union-United Nations Chief
                      Mediator for Darfur over an all-inclusive comprehensive settlement to the
                      Darfur conflict within the context of the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur.
                    • The signatory parties, with the support of international partners, implement the
                      provisions of the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur, which remain essential
                      in addressing the root causes of conflict in Darfur.
                    • The Government and the non-signatory movements conclude and observe a
                      comprehensive and inclusive cessation of hostilities.
                    • The outcomes of the Darfur peace process are reflected in a national
                      constitutional process supported by the African Union High -level
                      Implementation Panel for the Sudan, as provided for in the framework for
                      African Union and United Nations facilitation of the Darfur peace process.
               Darfur-based internal dialogue and consultations;
                    • Darfur-based internal dialogue and consultations take place in an inclusive and
                      transparent environment that ensures the proportional representation of
                      Darfuris and respect for the human rights of participants, as monitored by
                      African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID).
                    • The outcomes of the Darfur-based internal dialogue and consultations are
                      widely disseminated and implemented in a manner that promotes and
                      consolidates peace and stability in Darfur.
                    • A functioning Darfur Regional Authority that oversees the implementation of
                      the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur, in conjunction with the Government
                      of the Sudan.
               Benchmark 2: protection of civilians and unhindered humanitarian access a nd the
               safety and security of humanitarian personnel
               Requirements for progress would include the demonstrated commitment of the
               parties to the conflict, including Government forces, non -signatory movements and
               other armed groups, to cease hostilities and respect and implement ceasefire and
               security arrangements; the demonstrated commitment of the parties to the conflict to



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           implement measures to protect civilians (or promote/respect human rights); the
           demonstrated commitment of the parties to the conflict to allow unrestricted
           humanitarian access; the willingness of local actors to facilitate the safe, voluntary
           and sustainable return, reintegration or resettlement of internally displaced persons
           and refugees; improvement of TCC/PCC performance and equipment; support by
           the international donor community for humanitarian activities and, where
           appropriate, early recovery and rehabilitation; the improved coordination between
           UNAMID and humanitarian actors with regard to the facilitation of the deli very of
           humanitarian assistance and the safety and security of humanitarian personnel; and
           the commitment of the Government of the Sudan at the national and local levels to
           improve the capacity of its security, judicial and penal institutions to promote and
           protect human rights.
           Indicators
           Protection of civilians from imminent threats of physical violence;
               • Civilians facing imminent threats of physical violence are protected by
                 UNAMID.
               • Civilians at risk of physical attack, in particular women and children, carry out
                 livelihood activities safely and securely under UNAMID protection.
               • Civilians receive emergency medical assistance from UNAMID, including
                 through evacuation to medical facilities, in extreme circumstances (i.e., when
                 humanitarian actors are unable to assist).
           Protective environment;
               • Security and stability (as indicated by an absence of serious crime or violent
                 conflict) for civilians within camps for internally displaced persons and
                 temporary settlements.
               • Security and stability (as indicated by an absence of serious crime or violent
                 conflict) for civilians in areas outside of camps for internally displaced persons
                 and temporary settlements, including in particular in areas adjacent to camps.
               • Reduction in the number of violent crimes against civilians.
               • Reduction in human rights violations, including incidents of sexual and
                 gender-based violence, as recorded by UNAMID.
               • Reduction in the recruitment of child soldiers by the parties to the conflict.
               • Improved environment for the protection of civil and political rights, including
                 through the development of sustainable foundations for professional,
                 democratic policing and law enforcement.
               • Trials monitored by UNAMID are fair and in accordance with international
                 legal standards and practices.
               • The prevalence of arms and armed actors is reduced through the disarmament,
                 demobilization and reintegration of combatants in accordance with the
                 provisions of the Doha Document for Peace in Darfur.
               • Threats to civilians posed by unexploded ordnance ar e addressed through,
                 inter alia, the safe disposal of such materials and through risk -awareness
                 training.


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               Safe, timely and unhindered humanitarian access and safety and security for
               humanitarian personnel;
                    • Humanitarian actors requesting UNAMID protection and other support are
                      able to conduct operations (e.g., inter alia aid delivery and distribution and
                      needs assessments) in a safe, timely and unhindered manner.
                    • Humanitarian actors and their property are safe and secure, in particular when
                      UNAMID protection is provided.
                    • Parties to the conflict honour their commitments and international obligations
                      to combat all acts of sexual violence against women, men and children and put
                      an end to the recruitment and use of child soldiers.
               Benchmark 3: prevention or mitigation of community conflict through mediation
               and, in conjunction with the United Nations country team, measures to address its
               root causes
               Requirements for progress would include willingness on the part of the authorities
               and traditional community leaders to play a constructive role in resolving
               intercommunal conflict peacefully; the provision of access to UNAMID to facilitate
               mediation efforts; strengthened traditional conflict resolution mechanisms and
               greater respect thereof; the inclusion of measures in reconciliation agreements to
               address the root causes of intercommunal conflict; a willingness on the part of the
               authorities and other parties to the conflict to fulfil their responsibilities in regard to
               preventing or resolving intercommunal clashes; and the provision of access to the
               United Nations Country Team to enable measures that address root causes related to
               natural resources, recovery and reconstruction.
               Indicators
                    • Dialogue between pastoralist and agriculturalist communities over pea ceful
                      coexistence and shared access to natural resources, in particular prior to and
                      during the migration season.
                    • Interventions by the authorities and traditional community mediators,
                      facilitated by UNAMID, that prevent or resolve violent intercommunal
                      conflict.
                    • Dialogue between conflicting parties over local settlements to violent
                      intercommunal conflict.
                    • Conflicting parties enter into and adhere to local agreements that settle violent
                      intercommunal conflict.
                    • Reduction in the number of incidents of and new displacement resulting from
                      intercommunal conflict.
                    • Transitional justice mechanisms, including the National Human Rights
                      Commission, the Special Court for Darfur and the Truth and Reconciliation
                      Commission, are established and operating in accordance with international
                      human rights standards and best practice.
                    • Improved access to justice through the adoption of measures aimed at
                      enhancing victims’ rights to truth, justice and remedy.




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