Security Council resolution 2625 (2022) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 Mar. 2023]
Symbol: S/RES/2625 (2022)
Date: 2022-03-15
Status: adopted
Agenda: S/77 [216] UN MISSION IN SOUTH SUDAN
S/77 [223] SOUTH SUDAN--POLITICAL CONDITIONS
S/ X Reports of the Secretary-General on the Sudan and South Sudan.
Subjects: UN Mission in South Sudan|Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (2018)|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS IN PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|HUMAN RIGHTS IN ARMED CONFLICTS|INTERNAL SECURITY|SOUTH SUDAN
Votes in favour: 13
Votes against: 0
Abstentions: 2
Voting record:
country: ALBANIA
vote: yes
country: BRAZIL
vote: yes
country: CHINA
vote: abstention
country: FRANCE
vote: yes
country: GABON
vote: yes
country: GHANA
vote: yes
country: INDIA
vote: yes
country: IRELAND
vote: yes
country: KENYA
vote: yes
country: MEXICO
vote: yes
country: NORWAY
vote: yes
country: RUSSIAN FEDERATION
vote: abstention
country: UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
vote: yes
country: UNITED KINGDOM
vote: yes
country: UNITED STATES
vote: yes

               United Nations                                                                     S/RES/2625 (2022)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                15 March 2022




               Resolution 2625 (2022)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8994th meeting, on
               15 March 2022

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions, statements of its President, and press
               statements concerning the situation in South Sudan,
                     Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial
               integrity, and national unity of the Republic of South Sudan, and recalling the
               importance of the principles of non-interference, good-neighbourliness, and regional
               cooperation,
                    Affirming its support for the 2018 “Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of
               the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan” (the Revitalised Agreement),
                     Stressing that the peace process only remains viable with the full commitment
               by all parties, welcoming in this regard encouraging developments in South Sudan’s
               peace process, and demonstrations of political will by the parties to the Revitalised
               Agreement in order to create the conditions necessary to advance the peace process,
               including agreement on the appointment of governors and other progress in the
               formation of state and local government structures, and continued security provi ded
               to re-designated protection of civilian sites and the reconstitution of the Transitional
               National Legislative Assembly (TNLA),
                     Recognizing the reduction in violence between signatory parties to the
               Revitalised Agreement, and that the permanent ceasefire was upheld in most parts of
               the country,
                    Expressing appreciation for the leadership of the Intergovernmental Authority
               on Development (IGAD) in advancing the peace process for South Sudan and
               welcoming the commitment and efforts of IGAD and its member states, the
               Reconstituted Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission (RJMEC), the African
               Union (AU), including the African Union Peace and Security Council (AUPSC), the
               United Nations (UN), and countries in the region to continue engaging with South
               Sudanese leaders to address the current crisis, and encouraging their continued and
               proactive engagement,
                    Welcoming the ongoing facilitation of political dialogue by the Community of
               Sant’Egidio between signatories and non-signatories of the Revitalised Agreement
               and encouraging all parties to continue their efforts to peacefully resolve disputes in
               order to achieve an inclusive and sustainable peace,



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                    Reiterating its deep concern regarding the political, security, economic, and
               humanitarian crisis in South Sudan, taking note of the impact of the COVID-19
               pandemic, and emphasizing there can be no military solution to the situation in South
               Sudan,
                     Strongly condemning all fighting, including violence and casualties that resulted
               from recent defections, and any violations of the 21 December 2017 “Agreement on
               Cessation of Hostilities, Protection of Civilians, and Humanitarian Access” (the
               ACOH) and the permanent ceasefire provisions of the Revitalised Agreement,
               welcoming the rapid assessment of violations by the Ceasefire and Transitional
               Security Arrangements Monitoring and Verification Mechanism (CTSAMVM),
               encouraging IGAD to share reports with the Security Council rapidly, and noting that
               the African Union, IGAD, and the United Nations Security Council demanded that
               parties that violate the ACOH must be held accountable,
                    Expressing grave concern regarding increased violence between armed groups
               in some parts of South Sudan, which has killed and displaced thousands, and
               condemning the mobilization of such groups by parties to the conflict, including by
               members of government forces and armed opposition groups,
                     Expressing grave concern at ongoing reports of sexual and gender-based
               violence, including the findings of the report of the Secretary-General on Conflict
               Related Sexual Violence to the Security Council (S/2021/312) of the use of sexual
               violence as a tactic by parties to the conflict against the civilian population in South
               Sudan, including use of rape and sexual slavery for the purpose of intimidation and
               punishment, based on perceived political affiliation, and employed as part of a
               strategy targeting members of ethnic groups, and where conflict -related sexual
               violence and other forms of violence against women and girls has persisted after the
               signing of the Revitalised Agreement, as documented in the February 2021 report
               published by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
               (OHCHR) on “Access to Health for Survivors of Conflict-Related Sexual Violence in
               South Sudan”, noting that some progress was observed by South Sudanese parties
               through implementation of action plans to address sexual violence in conflict, and
               underlining the urgency and importance of timely investigations to support
               accountability and the provision of assistance and protection to survivors and victims
               of sexual and gender-based violence,
                     Reiterating its alarm about the dire humanitarian situation, the high levels of
               food insecurity in the country and likely famine in some areas, including an estimated
               8.3 million people facing severe food insecurity according to the World Food
               Programme, recalling its resolution 2417 (2018) that recognizes the need to break the
               vicious cycle between armed conflict and food insecurity, condemning attacks on the
               means of livelihood and intentional denial of access to food, which could amount to
               war crimes, further condemning the obstructions by all parties to civilians’ movement
               and to humanitarian actors’ movement to reach civilians in need of assi stance,
               expressing grave concern at the imposition of taxes and illegal fees which hamper the
               delivery of humanitarian assistance across the country, noting with concern reports
               that forced displacement and denial of humanitarian access is exacerbating food
               insecurity for the civilian population,
                     Expressing serious and urgent concern over the nearly 2 million displaced
               persons and ongoing humanitarian crisis, 8.4 million in need of humanitarian
               assistance according to the 2022 South Sudan Humanitarian Needs Overview, and the
               estimated 7.2 million people who faced severe food insecurity in mid-2021, according
               to the February 2022 Hunger Hotspots Food and Agriculture Organization and the
               World Food Programme (FAO-WFP) Early Warnings on Acute Food Insecurity



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           report, and commending United Nations humanitarian agencies, partners, and donors
           for their efforts to provide urgent and coordinated support to the populat ion,
                 Strongly condemning all attacks against humanitarian personnel and facilities
           that resulted in the deaths of at least 131 personnel since December 2013, including
           the attack on the Terrain compound on 11 July 2016, the killing of five humanitarian
           workers in 2021, and attacks against medical personnel and hospitals, noting with
           alarm the increasing trend of harassment and intimidation of humanitarian personnel,
           and recalling that attacks against humanitarian personnel and objects indispensable
           to the survival of the civilian population may amount to violations of international
           humanitarian law,
                 Strongly condemning all human rights violations and abuses and violations of
           international humanitarian law by all parties, including armed groups and nationa l
           security forces, as well as the incitement to commit such abuses and violations,
           including those in Tambura, Western Equatoria State, further condemning
           harassment, targeting, and censorship of civil society, humanitarian personnel and
           journalists, emphasizing that those responsible for violations of international
           humanitarian law and violations and abuses of human rights must be held
           accountable, and that South Sudan’s government bears the primary responsibility to
           protect its populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes
           against humanity, and expressing concern that despite the signing of the Revitalised
           Agreement, violations and abuses including rape and sexual violence continue to
           occur which may amount to international crimes, including war crimes and crimes
           against humanity,
                 Expressing grave concern regarding the reports on the human rights situation in
           South Sudan issued by the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) and
           the Secretary-General, including deeply disturbing reports of cases of extra-judicial
           executions reported in Warrap and Lakes States, further expressing grave concern that
           according to the AU Commission of Inquiry report on South Sudan, released on
           27 October 2015, and the reports of the Commission on Human Rights in South
           Sudan, released on 23 February 2018, 20 February 2019, 20 February 2020, and
           19 February 2021 that war crimes and crimes against humanity may have been
           committed, emphasizing its expectation that these and other credible reports will be
           duly considered by any transitional justice mechanisms for South Sudan including
           those established pursuant to the Revitalised Agreement, stressing the importance of
           collection and preservation of evidence for eventual use by the Hybrid Court for South
           Sudan and other accountability mechanisms, and encouraging efforts in this regard,
                 Reiterating the urgent need to end impunity in South Sudan and to bring to
           justice all those responsible for violations of international humanitarian law and
           violations and abuses of human rights, stressing the importance of transitional justice
           measures included in Chapter V of the Revitalised Agreement, to end impunity and
           promote accountability, facilitate national reconciliation and healing, and ensure a
           sustainable peace, particularly those efforts undertaken by the UN-mandated
           Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan, and in this regard, recognizing the
           operationalization of a Gender-Based Violence and Juvenile Court by the Judiciary of
           South Sudan, acknowledging the approval by the Government of South Sudan (GoSS)
           to establish transitional justice mechanisms, including the Hybrid Court for South
           Sudan, and further recognizing the GoSS commenced consultations on the
           Commission for Truth, Reconciliation, and Healing, encouraging it to hold
           meaningful consultations with all stakeholders, including full, equal, and meaningful
           participation of women, and inclusion of youth, victims, persons with disabilities, and
           internally displaced persons (IDPs),



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                     Underlining that any obstruction of UNMISS by any party is unacceptable,
               including restrictions on freedom of movement, assault of UNMISS personnel, and
               constraints on mission operations, including restrictions on patrols and UNMISS
               efforts to, inter alia, monitor the human rights situation, many of which were reported
               by the Secretary-General as violations of the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) by
               the GoSS, acknowledging a reduction of SOFA violations in 2021 and urging the
               GoSS to continue progress in this regard, and recalling that, according to the SOFA,
               UNMISS, as well as its contractors, shall enjoy full and unrestricted freedom of
               movement without delay throughout South Sudan by the most direct route possible
               without the need for travel permits or prior authorization or notification, and the right
               to import equipment, provisions, supplies, fuel, materials, and other goods free of
               duty, taxes, fees and charges and free of other prohibitions and restrictions,
                    Recalling its resolution 2117 (2013) and expressing grave concern at the threat
               to peace and security in South Sudan arising from the illicit transfer, destabilizing
               accumulation and misuse of small arms and light weapons, and further expressing
               concern that illicit trafficking, and diversion of arms and related materiel of all types
               undermine the rule of law, and has the potential to undermine respect for international
               humanitarian law, can impede the provision of humanitarian assistance and have
               wide-ranging negative humanitarian and socioeconomic consequences,
                     Noting the measures adopted by the Security Council in resolution 2428 (2018)
               and renewed in 2471 (2019), 2521 (2020), and 2577 (2021) recalling that individuals
               or entities responsible for or complicit in, or having engaged in, directly or indirectly,
               actions or policies that threaten the peace, security or stability of South Sudan, may
               be designated for targeted sanctions, further recalling its willingness to impose
               targeted sanctions, and stressing the critical importance of effective implementation
               of the sanctions regime, including its travel ban measures, and the key role that
               neighboring states, as well as regional and subregional organizations, can play in this
               regard, encouraging efforts to further enhance cooperation, and reiterating its
               readiness to consider adjusting measures, including through modifying, suspending,
               lifting or strengthening measures to respond to the situation,
                     Emphasizing that persistent barriers to full implementation of resolution 1325
               (2000), and subsequent resolutions addressing women, peace, and security, including
               resolution 2242 (2015), will only be dismantled through dedicated commitment to
               women’s empowerment, participation, and human rights, concerted leadership,
               consistent information and action, and support, to build women’s full, equal, and
               meaningful participation in all levels of decision-making and leadership,
                    Acknowledging the significance of the GoSS’s ratification of the Optional
               Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children
               in Armed Conflict, and welcoming the signature of the Comprehensive Action Plan to
               End and Prevent All Grave Violations Against Children by the GoSS,
                     Expressing ongoing concern on the severe restriction of freedoms of opinion,
               expression, and association, acknowledging the important role of those who protect
               and promote human rights, civil society organizations, journalists and other media
               workers in the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and
               expression and, in this context, expressing deep concern that violations and abuses of
               the right to freedom of opinion and expression continue to occur, and condemning the
               use of media to broadcast hate speech and transmit messages instigating violence
               against a particular ethnic group, a practice that has the potential to lead to widespread
               violence and exacerbate armed conflict, particularly as South Sudan approaches
               elections,
                    Expressing serious concern about the dire situation of persons with disabilities
               in South Sudan, including abandonment, violence, and lack of access to basic

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           services, and emphasizing the need to ensure that the particular needs of persons with
           disabilities are addressed in the humanitarian response,
                 Recognizing the adverse effects of climate change, ecological changes, and
           natural disasters, among other factors, on the humanitarian situation and stability in
           South Sudan, emphasizing the need for comprehensive risk assessments and risk
           management strategies by the GoSS and the United Nations to inform programs
           relating to these factors, and acknowledging the United Nations Framework
           Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement,
                 Commending the work of UNMISS, and expressing its deep appreciation for the
           actions taken by UNMISS peacekeepers and troop- and police-contributing countries
           in implementing the UNMISS mandate in a challenging environment, including in
           protecting civilians, including foreign nationals, under threat of physical violence and
           to stabilize the security situation within and beyond UNMISS sites, and further
           expressing deep appreciation for UNMISS personnel for their extraordinary efforts in
           the face of the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences,
                 Recognizing the importance of strategic communications to peacekeeping
           operations, acknowledging that its efficient use is crucial to the effective
           implementation of UNMISS’ mandate, emphasizing the need to continue to improve
           UNMISS’ strategic communications capabilities in order to maintain the mission’s
           ability to achieve its protection, political and humanitarian goals, and welcoming the
           commitment of the Secretary-General to mainstream strategic communications
           activities into both planning and day-to-day operational decisions of missions,
           including UNMISS, as stated in its Action for Peacekeeping Plus Plan,
                 Welcoming the commitment of the Secretary-General to enforce strictly his zerotolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse, noting the various measures taken
           by UNMISS and troop- and police-contributing countries to combat sexual
           exploitation and abuse, while expressing continued concern over allegations of sexual
           exploitation and abuse reportedly committed by peacekeepers in South Sudan,
                 Strongly condemning the attacks by government and opposition forces and other
           groups on United Nations and IGAD personnel and facilities, the February 2016
           attack on the Malakal protection of civilians site, the July 2016 attack on the Juba
           protection of civilians site, and the Terrain Compound attack, the detention and
           kidnappings of United Nations and associated personnel, the repeated attacks on the
           UNMISS camps in Bor, Bentiu, Malakal and Melut, and the disappearance
           purportedly caused by the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), and deaths of
           three United Nations-affiliated national staff and one national contractor in Upper
           Nile State, and the December 2018 detention and abuse of the CTSAMVM team by
           GoSS officials, and calling upon the GoSS to complete its investigations of these
           attacks in a swift and thorough manner and to hold those responsible to account,
                 Taking note of the Secretary-General’s 15 July 2021 letter electoral needs
           assessment (S/2021/661),and also taking note of the Report of the Secretary-General
           of 25 February 2022 (S/2022/156),
                 Determining that the situation in South Sudan continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security in the region,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

           UNMISS Mandate
                1.    Decides to extend the mandate of UNMISS until 15 March 2023;
                 2.    Decides that UNMISS’s mandate is designed to advance the three-year
           strategic vision defined in resolution 2567 (2021) to prevent a return to civil war in

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               South Sudan, to build durable peace at the local and national levels, and to support
               inclusive and accountable governance and free, fair, and peaceful elections in
               accordance with the Revitalised Agreement;
                  3.   Decides that UNMISS shall have the following mandate, and authorizes
               UNMISS to use all necessary means to implement its mandate:
                    (a)   Protection of civilians:
                    (i) To protect civilians under threat of physical violence, irrespective of the
                    source of such violence, within its capacity and areas of deployment, including
                    in the context of elections, with specific protection for women and children,
                    including through the continued and consistent use and deployment of
                    UNMISS’s Child Protection Advisers, Women Protection Advisers, and
                    uniformed and civilian Gender Advisers, the positions for which should be filled
                    expeditiously, and share best practices with relevant local stakeholders for the
                    purpose of capacity building;
                    (ii) To deter violence against civilians, including foreign nationals, especially
                    through proactive deployment, active patrolling with particular attention to
                    IDPs and refugees, including, but not limited to, those in protection sites and
                    camps, humanitarian personnel and human rights defenders, and identification
                    of threats and attacks against civilians, including through implementation of a
                    mission-wide early warning and response strategy that draws upon robust
                    conflict-sensitive analysis, regular interaction with civilians including with
                    Community Liaison Assistants, and working closely with humanitarian, human
                    rights, civil society, and development organizations, in areas at high risk of
                    conflict, in particular when the GoSS is unable, or fails, to provide such security;
                    (iii) To maintain public safety and security of and within UNMISS protection
                    of civilians sites, and where protection of civilian sites have been re-designated,
                    to maintain a flexible posture linked to threat analysis, contingency plans for
                    protecting sites in a crisis, and the ability to scale up presence and protection of
                    re-designated sites if the security situation deteriorates;
                    (iv) To deter, prevent, and respond to sexual and gender-based violence within
                    its capacity and areas of deployment, including by facilitating access to
                    organizations that provide services and support to survivors, including medical,
                    sexual and reproductive health, psychosocial, mental health, legal, and
                    socioeconomic services;
                    (v) To exercise good offices, confidence-building, and facilitation in support
                    of UNMISS’s protection strategy, especially in regard to women and children,
                    including to facilitate, the prevention, mitigation, and resolution of
                    intercommunal violence through, inter alia, support to community-led peace
                    dialogue processes, in line with evidence-based best practice, and informed by
                    gender-sensitive conflict and political economy analysis and conflict-sensitive
                    analysis, mediation and community engagement in order to foster sustainable
                    local and national reconciliation as an essential part of preventing viole nce and
                    long-term state-building activity;
                    (vi) To provide support for the relevant national and state level authorities and
                    civil society organizations in developing and implementing gender-responsive
                    community violence reduction (CVR) programs, to help de-escalate
                    intercommunal violence and complement community disarmament initiatives in
                    cooperation and coordination with development partners and community
                    representatives, with a particular focus on members of armed groups ineligible
                    or unwilling to be integrated into the Necessary Unified Forces, women and
                    youth;

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               (vii) Using technical assistance and capacity building to support the GoSS to
               expand and reform the rule of law and justice sector, in a conflict-sensitive
               manner, and in line with the terms of the Peace Agreement in order to strengthen
               protection of civilians, combat impunity, and promote accountability, including
               investigation and prosecution of gender-based violence, including conflictrelated sexual violence, and human rights violations and abuses in a survivorcentered approach;
               (viii) To foster a secure environment for the safe, informed, voluntary, and
               dignified return, relocation, resettlement or integration into host communities
               for IDPs and refugees when and to locations where conditions are conducive,
               including through monitoring of and promoting respect for human rights,
               coordination with police services, security and government institutions, and
               civil society actors in relevant and protection-focused activities, investigation
               and prosecution of sexual and gender-based violence and conflict-related sexual
               violence, as well as other human rights violations and abuses, in order to
               strengthen protection of civilians, combat impunity, and promote accountability,
               at all times operating consistent with the United Nations Human Rights Due
               Diligence Policy (HRDDP);
               (ix) To facilitate the conditions for safe and free movement into, out of, and
               around Juba, including at the means of ingress and egress from the city and
               major lines of communication and transport within Juba, including the airport;
               (x) To promptly and effectively engage any actor that is credibly found to be
               preparing attacks, or engages in attacks, against civilians, IDP camps, UNMISS
               protection of civilians sites, other United Nations premises, United Nations
               personnel, or international and national humanitarian actors;
                 (b) Creating the conditions conducive to the delivery of humanitarian
           assistance:
               (i) To contribute, in close coordination with humanitarian actors, to the
               creation of security conditions conducive to the delivery of humanitarian
               assistance, so as to allow, in accordance with international law, including
               applicable international humanitarian law, all humanitarian personnel full, safe
               and unhindered access to all those in need in South Sudan and timely delivery
               of humanitarian assistance, including IDPs and refugees, consistent with United
               Nations guiding principles of humanitarian assistance, including humanity,
               impartiality, neutrality, and independence, including by providing gendersensitive risk assessments on the adverse effects of climate change;
               (ii) To ensure the security and freedom of movement of United Nations and
               associated personnel where appropriate, and to ensure the security of its
               installations and equipment necessary for implementation of mandated tasks;
                (c) Supporting the Implementation of the Revitalised Agreement and the
           Peace Process:
               (i) Using good offices to support the peace process and implementation of the
               Revitalised Agreement, including through advice, technical assistance, and
               coordination with relevant regional actors;
               (ii) Assisting all parties to ensure the full, equal and meaningful participation
               of women, and inclusion of youth, faith groups, and civil society in the pe ace
               process, transitional government bodies and institutions, and all conflict
               resolution and peacebuilding efforts, transitional justice, and the constitution -
               making process;



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                    (iii) Participating in and supporting the work of CTSAMVM, RJMEC, and
                    other implementation mechanisms in the implementation of their mandates,
                    including at the subnational level;
                    (iv) Using technical assistance, to include capacity-building, to support
                    mechanisms of the Revitalised Agreement, including support to South Sudan’s
                    efforts with regard to the constitution drafting process, transitional security
                    arrangements, and the development of a sound regulatory framework;
                    (v) Providing technical assistance, to include capacity-building, and logistical
                    support for the electoral process, as appropriate, in coordination with the United
                    Nations Country Team and regional and international partners as well as security
                    support to facilitate the electoral cycle, consistent with the Revitalised
                    Agreement, noting UNMISS support will include, inter alia, support to the
                    South Sudanese authorities in its efforts to draft a permanent constitution,
                    mitigate the potential for tensions throughout the electoral period, provide fo r
                    the full, equal, meaningful and safe participation of women candidates and
                    voters at all levels and in all phases of the electoral process, and provide for the
                    participation of South Sudanese IDPs and refugees, and notes that UNMISS
                    support will be continually assessed and reviewed according to the progress
                    made by the South Sudanese authorities in paragraphs 6, 7, and 8 below;
                   (d) Monitoring, investigating, and reporting on violations of international
               humanitarian law and violations and abuses of human rights:
                    (i) To monitor, investigate, verify, and report immediately, publicly, and
                    regularly on abuses and violations of human rights and violations of
                    international humanitarian law, including those that may amount to war crimes
                    or crimes against humanity;
                    (ii) To monitor, investigate, verify and report specifically and publicly on
                    violations and abuses committed against women and children, including those
                    involving all forms of sexual and gender-based violence in armed conflict, and
                    accelerate implementation of monitoring, analysis and reporting arrangements
                    on conflict-related sexual violence, including by ensuring these arrangements
                    promote timely action to deter, prevent and respond to sexual violence, and by
                    strengthening the monitoring and reporting mechanism for violations and abuses
                    against children;
                    (iii) To monitor, investigate and report on incidents of hate speech and
                    incitement to violence in cooperation with the United Nations Special Adviser
                    on the Prevention of Genocide;
                    (iv) To coordinate with, share appropriate information with, and provide
                    technical support, to include capacity building, to international, regional, and
                    national mechanisms and relevant local stakeholders engaged in monitoring,
                    investigating, and reporting on violations of international humanitarian law and
                    human rights violations and abuses, including those that may amount to war
                    crimes or crimes against humanity, as appropriate;
                     4.   Decides to maintain the overall force levels of UNMISS with a troop
               ceiling of 17,000 personnel, and a police ceiling of 2,101 personnel, including 88
               corrections officers, expresses its readiness to consider adjustments to UNMISS force
               levels and capacity-building tasks based on security conditions on the ground and
               implementation of priority measures in paragraph 9 below;




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           South Sudan Peace Process
                5.    Demands all parties to the conflict and other armed actors to immediately
           end the fighting throughout South Sudan and engage in political dialogue, reminds
           South Sudanese authorities of their primary responsibility to protect civilians in South
           Sudan, and further demands South Sudan’s leaders to implement the permanent
           ceasefire declared in the Revitalised Agreement and all previous ceasefire and
           cessation of hostilities agreements, including commitments in the Rome Declaration;
                 6.    Expresses its deep concern about the delays in implementing the
           Revitalised Agreement, calls on the parties to implement fully the Revitalised
           Agreement, including by allocating the necessary financial resources, establish its
           institutions without delay, and ensure full, equal, and meaningful participation of
           women, and inclusion of youth, faith groups, and civil society in all conflict resolution
           and peacebuilding efforts, stresses the need to expeditiously, finalize security
           arrangements, establish all transitional institutions, and make progress on transitional
           reforms, including establishing free and open civic space, an inclusive constitutional
           drafting process, and economic transparency and public financial management
           reform, recognizes the detrimental effect of corruption and misuse of public funds on
           the GoSS’s ability to provide services to its population, and further stresses the need
           to enhance good economic governance to ensure effective national revenue collection
           and anti-corruption structures in order to finance implementation of the Revitalized
           Agreement, including preparing for and holding elections;
                 7.    Stresses that conducting free and fair elections, reflecting the will of all
           South Sudanese and with the full, equal and meaningful participation of women, and
           inclusion of youth, people with disabilities, South Sudanese IDPs, refugees, and
           members of all political groups, will be critical for a transition toward a stable,
           inclusive, democratic, and self-reliant state, and in this regard, underscores that
           elections will need to be preceded by an inclusive, transparent constitution -drafting
           process, calls for the South Sudanese authorities, consistent with the Revitalised
           Agreement, to make immediate and concrete progress on the key milestones to
           facilitate a peaceful electoral process, including adoption of the Permanent
           Constitution, the passing of necessary legislation, transitional security arrangements,
           and the establishment of an independent electoral commission and to mitigate
           potential for tensions throughout the electoral period, while affirming the importance
           of the South Sudanese authorities and all relevant parties creating the propitious
           conditions to enable UNMISS’s support to the electoral process, as provided for in
           paragraph 3 above;
                 8.    Calls upon the GoSS as well as all relevant parties to ensure an
           environment conducive to a free, fair, inclusive, transparent, peaceful and timely
           electoral process, consistent with the Revitalised Agreement, which includes free and
           constructive political debate, freedom of opinion and expression, including for civil
           society, opposition parties, and members of the press and, freedom of peaceful
           assembly, equitable access to media including State media, the security of all political
           actors, freedom of movement for all candidates, as well as for presence of domestic
           and international election observers and witnesses, journalists, human rights activists
           and actors from civil society including women;
                9.    Calls upon the GoSS and all relevant actors to take action to fulfill the
           following priority measures before the end of UNMISS’s current mandate:
               • Provide security to re-designated protection of civilian sites, and to prevent and
                 respond to violence or criminality directed towards the inhabitants of those
                 camps, in a manner consistent with its obligations under international human
                 rights law and international humanitarian law, and to appropriately vet all


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                     security forces personnel involved in providing security at the re-designated
                     sites;
                    • Initiate and oversee a permanent constitution-making process, with broadbased, inclusive public consultations;
                    • Make progress on key milestones in the preparations for free and fair elections,
                      in line with S/PRST/2021/20;
                    • End all obstructions to UNMISS, including, inter alia, obstructions that hamper
                      UNMISS carrying out its mandate to monitor and investigate human rights
                      violations and abuses, and immediately cease obstructing international and
                      national humanitarian actors from assisting civilians, and facilitate freedom of
                      movement for the CTSAMVM;
                    • Completion of graduation of necessary unified forces, start of their effective
                      redeployment, and adoption of their unified command structure;
                    • Conclude without further delay a Memorandum of Understanding with the
                      African Union to establish the Hybrid Court for South Sudan, start its effective
                      establishment, and set up the Commission for Truth, Reconciliation, and
                      Healing and the Compensation and Reparation Authority ;
                     10. Reiterates its call on the GoSS comply with the obligations set out in the
               SOFA between the GoSS and the United Nations, and immediately cease obstructing
               UNMISS in the performance of its mandate, notes with concern the grave risks
               violations of the SOFA can present to the safety and security of United Nations
               personnel serving in peacekeeping operations, calls on the GoSS to take action, to
               deter, and to hold those responsible to account for any hostile or other actions that
               impede UNMISS or international and national humanitarian actors, and to continue
               to take all appropriate measures to ensure the safety and security and freedom of
               movement of UNMISS personnel with unhindered and immediate access, reminds the
               GoSS that, pursuant to the SOFA, UNMISS does not require prior authorization or
               permission to undertake its mandated tasks, affirms the critical importance of the
               ability of UNMISS to monitor, investigate, and report on violations of international
               humanitarian law and violations and abuses of human rights and to use all of its bases
               without restrictions in order to execute its mandate including, but not limited to, its
               base in Tomping, adjacent to Juba International Airport, which is essential for the
               Mission’s operations and security, and urges the GoSS to facilitate the smooth
               functioning of all UNMISS bases and to build an environment of mutual cooperation
               for UNMISS and its partners to conduct their work;
                      11. Demands that all parties immediately cease all forms of violence, human
               rights violations and abuses, and violations of international humanitarian law,
               including rape and other forms of sexual and gender-based violence, and calls on the
               GoSS to hold those responsible for committing and commanding these violations and
               abuses accountable, in order to break the prevailing cycle of impunity, and to increase
               its efforts to expeditiously and transparently complete the ongoing investigations of
               allegations of human rights violations and abuses in a manner consistent with its
               international obligations, encourages it to release the reports of those investigations;
               and calls on the GoSS to immediately condemn and counter increasing hate speech
               and ethnic violence and to promote reconciliation among its people;
                    12. Demands that all parties allow, in accordance with international law,
               including applicable international humanitarian law, the rapid, safe and unhindered
               access of relief personnel, equipment and supplies, and timely delivery of
               humanitarian assistance, to all those in need throughout South Sudan in particular to
               IDPs and refugees, and end use of hospitals, schools and other civilian premises for
               purposes that could make them subject to attack, stresses the obligation to respect and

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           protect all medical personnel and humanitarian personnel exclusively engaged in
           medical duties, their means of transport and equipment, as well as hospitals and other
           medical facilities, stresses also that any returns or other durable solutions for IDPs or
           refugees must be undertaken on a voluntary and informed basis in conditions of
           dignity and safety, and notes that freedom of movement of civilians and their right to
           seek asylum should be respected;
                 13. Calls upon the GoSS to resolve housing, land and property issues for the
           realization of durable solutions for IDPs and refugees, including through efforts to
           develop a National Land Policy and to create a secure environment for the safe,
           informed, voluntary, and dignified return, relocation, resettlement or integration into
           host communities for South Sudanese IDPs and refugees when and to locations where
           conditions are conducive;
                14. Calls on parties to ensure full, effective, and meaningful participation and
           involvement of women in all spheres and levels of political leadership, the peace
           process, the transitional government, and ongoing reform processes under the peace
           agreement, and further calls on parties to recognize the need to protect women-led
           organizations and women peacebuilders from threats and reprisals and provide a safe
           environment to enable them to carry out their work safely and freely, and fulfill the
           commitments set out on inclusivity, including in respect of national diversity, gender,
           youth and regional representation in the Revitalised Agreement, including the 35
           percent minimum for women’s representation at all levels, which has not yet been
           achieved;
                 15. Condemns continued acts of sexual violence and demands all parties to the
           conflict and other armed actors prevent further commission of sexual violence, and
           to implement the actions called for in resolution 2467 (2019) to adopt a survivorcentered approach to prevent and respond to sexual violence in conflict and post -
           conflict related situations and to hold those responsible accountable including through
           the prompt investigation, prosecution and punishment of perpetrators, as well as
           reparations for victims as appropriate, and strongly urges the SSPDF, the SPLA-IO,
           and the National Salvation Front (NAS) to fully implement the joint and unilateral
           commitments and action plans they have made on preventing conflict-related sexual
           violence;
                 16. Strongly urges all parties to armed conflict in South Sudan to implement
           the actions called for in The Conclusions on Children and Armed Conflict in South
           Sudan adopted by the Security Council Working Group on Children and Armed
           Conflict on 5 March 2021, urges all parties to fully implement the January 2020
           Comprehensive Action Plan to end and prevent all grave violations against children,
           and calls on the GoSS to implement the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the
           Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict;
                 17. Calls upon the GoSS, while taking note of paragraph 3.2.2 of Chapter V
           of the Revitalised Agreement, to hold to account all those responsible for violations
           and abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian law, and to
           ensure that all victims of sexual violence have equal protection under the law, and
           equal access to justice, and to safeguard equal respect for human rights of women and
           girls in these processes, through the provision of legal aid and medical support and
           psychosocial counselling, notes that implementing transitional justice measures,
           including those in the Revitalised Agreement, are key to healing and reconciliation,
           urges the GoSS to prioritize expanding and reforming the rule of law and justice
           sector, including at the subnational level, in order to strengthen protection of civilians,
           combat impunity, and promote accountability, and calls on the international
           community to extend support to establishing the Hybrid Court for South Sudan; and



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               calls upon the GoSS and African Union to overcome their current impasse and
               establish the Hybrid Court for South Sudan;
                     18. Expresses its intention to consider all appropriate measures, as
               demonstrated by adoption of resolutions 2206 (2015), 2290 (2016), 2353 (2017), 2428
               (2018), 2471 (2019), 2521 (2020), and 2577 (2021) against those who take actions
               that undermine the peace, stability, and security of South Sudan, stresses the sanctity
               of United Nations protection sites, underscores that individuals or enti ties that are
               responsible for or complicit in attacks against UNMISS personnel and premises and
               any humanitarian personnel, may meet the designation criteria, takes note of the
               20 February 2018 Special Report of the Secretary-General on the renewal of the
               mandate of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (S/2018/143) that the steady
               re-supply of weapons and ammunition to South Sudan has directly affected the safety
               of United Nations personnel and UNMISS’s ability to carry out its mandate, further
               takes note of the AUPSC’s 8 February 2018 communique which states that signatories
               to the ACOH should be deprived of the means to continue fighting, underscores the
               measures adopted by the Security Council in resolution 2428 (2018), including the
               arms embargo, to deprive the parties of the means to continue fighting and to prevent
               violations of the ACOH, and demands that all Member States comply with their
               obligations to prevent the direct or indirect supply, sale or transfer of arms and related
               materiel of all types, including weapons and ammunition, to the territory of South
               Sudan as set out in relevant Security Council resolutions;

               UNMISS Operations
                    19. Recalls its resolution 2086 (2013), reaffirms the basic principles of
               peacekeeping, as set forth in Presidential Statement S/PRST/2015/22, including
               consent of the parties, impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defence and
               defence of the mandate, and recognizes that the mandate of each peacekeeping
               mission is specific to the need and situation of the country concerned, and that the
               Security Council expects full delivery of the mandates it authorizes;
                     20. Requests the Secretary-General fully implement the following activities
               and existing obligations in the planning and conduct of UNMISS’s operations within
               the limits of the mandate and area of operations and in line with existing United
               Nations guidelines and regulations:
                     (a) Strengthening the implementation of a mission-wide early warning and
               response strategy, as part of a coordinated approach to information gathering, incident
               tracking and analysis, monitoring, verification, early warning and dissemination, and
               response mechanisms, including response mechanisms to threats and attacks against
               civilians that may involve violations and abuses of human rights or violations of
               international humanitarian law, as well as to prepare for further potential attacks on
               United Nations personnel and facilities, and ensure gender-sensitive conflict analysis
               is mainstreamed across all early warning and conflict prevention efforts;
                     (b) Encouraging the use of confidence-building, facilitation, mediation,
               community engagement, and strategic communications to support implementation of
               the mission’s mandate and the mission’s protection, information gathering, and
               situational awareness activities, and to counter disinformation and misinformation
               that might hinder the mission’s ability to implement its mandate;
                      (c) Prioritizing enhanced mission mobility and active patrolling to better
               execute its mandate in areas of emerging protection risks and emerging threats,
               including in remote locations, and prioritize deployment of forces with appropriate
               air, land, and water assets, to support the mission’s protection, information gathering,
               and situational awareness activities;


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                (d) Improving UNMISS’s peacekeeping-intelligence and analysis capacities,
           including surveillance and monitoring capacities, within the limits of its mandate;
                (e) Implementing more effective casualty and medical evacuation procedures,
           as well as deploying enhanced medical evacuation capacities;
                 (f) Taking active and effective measures to improve the planning and
           functioning of UNMISS’s safety and security facilities and arrangements;
                (g) Ensuring that any future re-designations of protection of civilian sites are
           based on comprehensive security assessments that determine the necessary security
           conditions, the South Sudanese authorities assuming their primary responsibility to
           protect civilians and demonstrating the capacity to provide non-discriminatory
           protection to displaced persons on a site-specific basis, and continuing comprehensive
           community engagement, coordinated transition of service delivery, and support to the
           GoSS in preventing and responding to violence or criminality directed towards the
           inhabitants of those camps;
                 (h) Strengthening its sexual and gender-based violence prevention and
           response activities in line with resolution 2467 (2019), including by assisting the
           parties with activities consistent with resolution 2467 (2019), and by ensuring that
           risks of sexual and gender-based violence are included in the Mission’s data collection
           and threat analysis and early warning systems through engaging in an ethical manner
           with survivors and victims of gender-based violence, and women’s organizations;
                 (i) Assisting the Committee established pursuant to paragraph 16 of
           resolution 2206 (2015) and the Panel of Experts established by the same resolution,
           regarding the measures adopted in resolution 2521 (2020), including its provisions
           related to the arms embargo, and in particular encourages timely information
           exchange between UNMISS and the Panel of Experts;
                 (j) Prioritizing mandated protection activities in decisions about the use of
           available capacity and resources within the mission, according to resolution 1894
           (2009);
                 (k) Implementing women, peace and security priorities under resolution 1325
           (2000) and all resolutions addressing women, peace, and security, including by
           seeking to increase the number of women in UNMISS in line with resolution 2538
           (2020), as well as to ensure the full, equal, and meaningful participation of women in
           all aspects of operations, including by ensuring safe, enabling and gender-sensitive
           working environments for women in peacekeeping operations, taking fully into
           account gender considerations as a crosscutting issue throughout its mandate, and
           reaffirming the importance of uniformed and civilian gender advisors, gender focal
           points in all mission components, gender expertise and capacity strengthening in
           executing the mission mandate in a gender-responsive manner;
                (l) Implementing youth, peace and security agenda under resolution 2250
           (2015), to develop and implement context-specific strategies on youth, peace and
           security and to ensure the full, effective and meaningful participation of youth,
           recognizing their vital role in the prevention and resolution of conflict and
           peacebuilding;
                 (m) Continuing to engage in dialogue with the parties to the conflict regarding
           the development and implementation of action plans, in line with resolution 1612
           (2005) and subsequent resolutions on children and armed conflict, and to support
           efforts aimed at releasing children associated with armed groups and forces in all
           parts of the country;
                (n) Implementing peacekeeping performance requirements under resolutions
           2378 (2017) and 2436 (2018), as well as safety and security improvements under

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               resolution 2518 (2020), and the Action Plan on improving safety and security related
               to the report on “Improving Security of United Nations Peacekeepers”, and principles
               to guide the COVID-19 vaccination of uniformed personnel in-theatre and prior to
               deployment in line with UN guidelines and best practices to improve safety of
               peacekeepers;
                    (o) Implementing the United Nations zero-tolerance policy on serious
               misconduct, sexual exploitation and abuse, and sexual harassment, and all actions
               under resolution 2272 (2016), and to report to the Security Council if such cases of
               misconduct occur;
                     (p) Ensuring that any support provided to non-United Nations security forces
               is provided in strict compliance with the HRDDP, including the monitoring and
               reporting on how support is used and on the implementation of mitigating measures;
                    (q) Coordinating with all United Nations agencies, funds, and programmes on
               South Sudan, and to coordinate with regional organizations and other relevant
               stakeholders, including the Humanitarian Country Team and its associated bodies;
                     (r) Engaging at the earliest possible stage on integrated planning and
               coordination on transitions with the Resident Coordinators, United Nations Country
               Team, and other United Nations agencies, fund and programmes, the host State and
               other national stakeholders including civil society, including in line with resolution
               2594 (2021);

               United Nations and International Support:
                     21. Requests and encourages the Special Representative of the Secretary-General to direct the operations of an integrated UNMISS and coordinate all activities
               of the United Nations system in the Republic of South Sudan, and to exercise his or
               her good offices to lead the UN system in South Sudan in assisting the AU, IGAD,
               RJMEC, CTSAMVM, and other actors, as well as the parties, with implementati on of
               the Revitalised Agreement and to promote, peace and reconciliation, underscores in
               this regard the critical role of CTSAMVM as well as the importance of the support
               provided to it by UNMISS in delivering on its mandate, and reaffirms in this regard
               the critical role that the UN plays, in coordination with regional organizations and
               other actors, to advance political dialogue between parties and contribute to achieving
               an enduring cessation of hostilities and lead the parties to an inclusive peace proc ess;
                    22. Encourages continued firm engagement by IGAD, the AU, the AUPSC
               and countries in the region to find durable solutions to peace and security challenges
               in South Sudan, and to urge South Sudan’s leaders to meet without delay all
               commitments made under cessation of hostilities agreements and the Revitalised
               Agreement, and further encourages consultation between regional entities and the
               Secretary-General and his Special Representative on an action plan and common
               messaging to this end, underlines the support by IGAD of the national dialogue, in
               cooperation with the United Nations and AU, and urges IGAD to appoint a
               Chairperson for the RJMEC;
                     23. Urges all parties and Member States, as well as international, regional and
               subregional organizations to ensure cooperation with the Panel of Experts established
               by resolution 2206 (2015), and further urges all Member States involved to ensure
               the safety of the members of the Panel of Experts and unhindered access, in particular
               to persons, documents and sites in order for the Panel of Experts to execute its
               mandate;
                     24. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to make available technical
               assistance to the Commission of the African Union and to the GoSS in setting up the
               Hybrid Court for South Sudan and for the implementation of other aspects of Chapter V

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           of the Revitalised Agreement, including with regard to the establishment of the
           Commission for Truth, Reconciliation, and Healing and the Compensation and
           Reparation Authority, emphasizing measures should be gender-responsive, inclusive,
           accessible, fully resourced and designed and implemented with women’s full and
           meaningful participation and leadership, and invites the African Union to share
           information on progress made in the establishment of the Hybrid Court for South
           Sudan, with the Secretary-General;
                 25. Commends the commitment of the troop- and police-contributing countries
           in implementing the Mission’s mandate in a challenging environment, and in this
           connection stresses that any national caveat that negatively affects the
           implementation of mandate effectiveness should not be accepted by the Secretary-General, requests troop- and police-contributing countries to implement relevant
           provisions of resolution 2538 (2020) and all other relevant resolutions on reducing
           barriers to and increasing women’s participation at all levels and in all positions in
           peacekeeping, including by ensuring safe, enabling and gender-sensitive working
           environments for women in peacekeeping operations, and highlights that lack of
           effective command and control, refusal to obey orders, failure to respond to attacks
           on civilians, declining to participate in or undertake long-range patrols in remote parts
           of the country, inadequate equipment, and financial resources may adversely affect
           the shared responsibility for effective mandate implementation;
                26. Urges troop- and police-contributing countries to continue taking
           appropriate action to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse, including vetting, pre
           deployment and in-mission awareness training for all personnel, to ensure full
           accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel, including through
           timely survivor-centered investigations of allegations of sexual exploitation and
           abuse, to repatriate units when there is credible evidence of widespread or systemic
           sexual exploitation and abuse by those units, to take appropriate disciplinary
           measures, and to report to the United Nations fully and promptly on actions
           undertaken;
                 27. Calls upon the international community to scale up humanitarian response
           for the people of South Sudan to meet the severe and increasing range of humanitarian
           needs;
                 28. Stresses the ongoing need for bilateral and multilateral partners to work
           closely with the GoSS to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, and provide
           international assistance, as well as sustainable development assistance, in partnership
           with agencies of the United Nations development system;

           Reporting:
               29. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to report violations of the
           SOFA or obstructions to UNMISS on a monthly basis;
                 30. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Council on
           implementation of the UNMISS mandate and the obstructions UNMISS encounters
           in doing so in a comprehensive written report to be submitted within 90 days of the
           date of adoption of this resolution, every 90 days thereafter, and underscores that such
           reporting should provide integrated, evidence-based and data-driven analysis,
           strategic assessments and frank advice to the Security Council and should include
           attention to:
               • Whether and how each of its activities undertaken pursuant to paragraph 3 have
                 contributed toward advancing the strategic vision described in paragraph 2, and
                 what challenges and obstacles the mission faced in advancing the strategic
                 vision, using the data collected and analyzed through the Comprehensive

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                     Planning and Performance Assessment System (CPAS), the mission’s
                     implementation of the Integrated Peacekeeping Performance and Accountability
                     Framework (IPPAF) and other strategic planning and performance measurement
                     tools to describe the mission’s impact and overall mission performance,
                     including information on undeclared caveats, declining to participate in or
                     undertake patrols and their impact on the mission, and how the reported cases
                     of under-performance are addressed;
                    • Progress made on the elements in paragraphs [5, 6, 7, and 8] above;
                    • Implementation of priority measures referenced in paragraph 9 above ;
                    • How it has implemented the capacities and obligations described in paragraph
                      20 in the planning and conduct of its operations;
                    • Providing recommendations, where appropriate, for Security Council action to
                      address obstacles identified through strategic planning and performance
                      measurement tools;
                     31.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.




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