Security Council resolution 2387 (2017) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) until 15 Nov. 2018]
Symbol: S/RES/2387 (2017)
Date: 2017-11-15
Status: adopted
Agenda: S/72 [227] UN MULTIDIMENSIONAL INTEGRATED STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
S/72 [181] CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC SITUATION
Subjects: UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic|Charter of the United Nations (1945). Chapter VII|PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS|POLITICAL CONDITIONS|INTERNAL SECURITY|CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Votes in favour: 15
Votes against: 0
Abstentions: 0
Voting record:
country: BOLIVIA (PLURINATIONAL STATE OF)
vote: yes
country: CHINA
vote: yes
country: EGYPT
vote: yes
country: ETHIOPIA
vote: yes
country: FRANCE
vote: yes
country: ITALY
vote: yes
country: JAPAN
vote: yes
country: KAZAKHSTAN
vote: yes
country: RUSSIAN FEDERATION
vote: yes
country: SENEGAL
vote: yes
country: SWEDEN
vote: yes
country: UKRAINE
vote: yes
country: UNITED KINGDOM
vote: yes
country: UNITED STATES
vote: yes
country: URUGUAY
vote: yes

               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2387 (2017)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                15 November 2017




               Resolution 2387 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8102nd meeting, on
               15 November 2017

                    The Security Council,
                    Recalling its previous resolutions and statements on the Central African
               Republic (CAR), in particular resolutions 2121 (2013), 2127 (2013), 2134 (2014),
               2149 (2014), 2181 (2014), 2196 (2015), 2212 (2015), 2217 (2015), 2262 (2016),
               2264 (2016), 2281 (2016), 2301 (2016), 2339 (2017), as well as resolution 2272
               (2016), and its Presidential Statements S/PRST/2014/28 of 18 December 2014,
               S/PRST/2015/17 of 20 October 2015, S/PRST/2016/17 of 16 November 2016,
               S/PRST/2017/5 of 4 April 2017 and S/PRST/2017/9 of 13 July 2017,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of the CAR, and recalling the importance of the principles of
               non-interference, good-neighbourliness and regional cooperation,
                     Reaffirming the basic principles of peacekeeping, including consent of the
               parties, impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defence and defence of the
               mandate, recognizing that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific to
               the need and situation of the country concerned, and recalling, in this regard, its
               Presidential Statement S/PRST/2015/22 of 25 November 2015,
                     Recalling that the CAR Authorities have the primary responsibility to protect
               all populations in the CAR in particular from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing
               and crimes against humanity and, in this regard, recalling the importance of
               restoring state authority in all parts of the country,
                    Emphasizing that any sustainable solution to the crisis in the CAR should be
               CAR-owned, including the political process, and should prioritize reconciliation of
               the Central African people, through an inclusive process that involves men and
               women of all social, economic, political, religious and ethnic background s,
               including, those displaced by the crisis,
                      Expressing concern at the deterioration of the security situation, in particular
               in the south-eastern part and the north-western parts of the CAR, due to the ongoing
               clashes between armed groups in their attempts to forcefully gain control of
               territory and resources and destabilize the country, as well as the lack of capacity of
               the national security forces, and the persistence of the root causes of the conflict,
                    Condemning in the strongest terms incitement to ethnic and religious hatred
               and violence and the multiple violations of international humanitarian law and the



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               widespread human rights violations and abuses, including sexual and gender -based
               violence, committed notably by both ex-Seleka and anti-Balaka elements, as well as
               other militia groups, as well as the targeting of civilians from specific communities,
                      Recalling the submission of the report (S/2014/928) of the International
               Commission of Inquiry established by resolution 2127 (2013), noting with concern
               its finding that the main parties to the conflict, including ex -Seleka, the anti-Balaka,
               and elements from the CAR Armed Forces (FACA) who collaborated with armed
               groups committed violations of international humanitarian law and human rights
               violations and abuses since 1 January 2013, that may amount to war crimes and
               crimes against humanity, including ethnic cleansing by elements of the anti -Balaka
               militia,
                     Condemning in the strongest terms all attacks, provocations and incitement to
               violence against the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization
               Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) contingents and other
               international forces by armed groups or other perpetrators, paying tribute to the
               personnel of MINUSCA who sacrificed their lives in the service of peace,
               underlining that attacks targeting peacekeepers may constitute war crimes,
               reminding all parties of their obligations under international humanitarian law and
               urging the CAR Authorities to take all possible measures to ensure the arrest and
               prosecution of perpetrators,
                    Welcoming in this regard MINUSCA’s efforts to protect civilians and to
               combat armed groups with the success of operation “BEKPA” in Bambari in
               February and March 2017, operation “MARAZE” in Bangassou in August 2017, and
               operation “DAMAKONGO” in Bocaranga in October 2017,
                     Stressing the urgent and imperative need to end impunity in the CAR and to
               bring to justice perpetrators of violations of international humanitarian law and of
               abuses and violations of human rights, welcoming in this regard the progressive
               operationalization of the Special Criminal Court (SCC) and underlining the need to
               bolster the other national accountability mechanisms as well as the support for the
               work of the Independent Expert on human rights in the CAR,
                    Reiterating the primary responsibility of the national authorities to ensure a
               conducive environment for the effective and independent i nvestigation, prosecution
               and adjudication of all cases, also emphasizing the need for the CAR government to
               ensure institutional preparedness to that end,
                     Welcoming steps initiated by the Government of the CAR in establishing
               transitional justice mechanisms to ensure accountability for past crimes and
               reparation for victims while promoting national reconciliation,
                     Welcoming the commitment of the Secretary-General to enforce strictly his
               zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA), noting the various
               measures taken by MINUSCA and Troop- and Police-contributing countries
               (T/PCCs) to combat SEA, which has led to a reduction in reported cases, but still
               expressing grave concern over numerous allegations of SEA reportedly committed
               by peacekeepers in the CAR, as well as by non-United Nations forces, stressing the
               urgent need for T/PCCs and, as appropriate, MINUSCA, to promptly investigate
               those allegations in a credible and transparent manner and for those responsible for
               such criminal offences or misconduct to be held to account, and further stressing the
               need to prevent such exploitation and abuse and to improve how these allegations
               are addressed in line with resolution 2272 (2016),
                    Emphasizing the fact that the current security situation in the CAR provides a
               conducive environment for transnational criminal activity, such as that involving


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           arms trafficking and the use of mercenaries as well as a potential breeding ground
           for radical networks,
                 Expressing grave concern at the threat to peace and security in the CAR
           arising from the illicit transfer, destabilizing accumulation and misuse of small arms
           and light weapons, and the use of such weapons against civilians,
                 Acknowledging in this respect the important contribution to the peace, stability
           or security of the CAR, of the Council-mandated sanctions regime renewed by
           resolution 2339 (2017), including its provisions related to the arms embargo, and its
           provisions related to individuals or entities designated by the Committee as
           engaging in or providing support for acts that undermine the peace, stability or
           security of the CAR,
                 Reiterating that illicit trade, exploitation and smuggling of natural resources
           including gold, diamonds, and wildlife poaching and trafficking continues to
           threaten the peace and stability of the CAR,
                 Expressing concern about reported travel by individuals designated pursuant to
           UNSC resolution 2127 (2013) and noting the critical importance of effective
           implementation of the sanctions regime, including the key role that neighbouring
           States, as well as regional and subregional organizations, can play in this regard and
           encouraging efforts to further enhance cooperation,
                 Reiterating its serious concern at the dire humanitarian situation in the CAR,
           the consequences of the deterioration of the security situation on humanitarian
           access, as well as the violence against humanitarian workers, and emphasizing in
           particular the current humanitarian needs of the more than 600,000 internally
           displaced persons (IDPs) and nearly 500,000 refugees in neighbouring countries and
           further expressing concern at the consequences of the flow of refugees on the
           situation in Chad, Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as
           other countries of the region,
                 Recalling the responsibility of the CAR Authorities to protect and promote the
           right to freedom of movement of all people in the CAR, including IDPs, without
           distinction, their freedom to choose where to reside, and to comply with their right
           to return to their own country or to leave in order to seek asylum in other States and
           expressing concern for the plight of civilians trapped in enclaves with limited access
           to humanitarian assistance,
                 Recalling the holding of, and local participation in, grassroots consulta tions
           throughout the country between 21 January and 8 March 2015, which enabled
           thousands of people in the CAR to express their views on the future of their country,
           and the holding of the Bangui Forum in May 2015, during which the Republican
           Pact for Peace, National Reconciliation and Reconstruction as well as agreements
           on the principles for disarmament, demobilization, reintegration and repatriation
           (DDR/R), justice and reconciliation, and security sector reform (SSR), and on the
           commitment by armed groups to end the recruitment and use of children and to
           release all children from their ranks, were adopted,
                Recalling the peaceful organization of a constitutional referendum on
           13 December 2015 and legislative and presidential elections in December 2015,
           February and March 2016, as well as the inauguration of the President Faustin -
           Archange Touadéra on 30 March 2016,
                 Recalling the need for an inclusive, gender-sensitive and effective
           disarmament, demobilization and reintegration process (DDR) as well as
           repatriation (DDRR) in the case of foreign fighters, including children formerly



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               associated with armed forces and groups, while respecting the need to fight against
               impunity,
                    Recalling the successful conduct of pre-DDR activities and Community
               Violence Reduction programmes (CVR) which have contributed to reduce the
               presence of members of armed groups,
                     Underlining the continued need to support national, and to coordinate
               international, efforts towards the transformation of the security sector in the CAR
               and stressing the crucial role of the internal security forces (police and gendarmerie)
               in the restoration of community security, public safety and the rule of law in the
               CAR,
                    Welcoming in this regard the work done by the EU training mission (EUTM) to
               provide support to reform the FACA into multi-ethnic, professional, and
               representative armed forces, as indicated in the letter of the High Representative of
               the EU for Foreign and Security policy dated 30 May 2016,
                    Recalling its resolutions on the protection of civilians in armed conflict,
               including 2286 (2016) and 1894 (2009); its resolutions on Children and Armed
               Conflict including 2225 (2015) and its resolutions on Women, Peace and Security
               including 2106 (2013) and 2242 (2015), and calling upon all parties in the CAR to
               engage with the Special Representative on Children and Armed Conflict and the
               Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict,
                     Expressing its concern that children have continued to be victims of abuses
               committed by armed elements of the ex-Seleka and anti-Balaka as well as other
               armed groups including the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), and that women and
               girls continue to be violently targeted and victims of sexual and gender-based
               violence in the CAR,
                     Welcoming the ratification by CAR Authorities of the Optional Protocol to the
               Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed
               conflict on 21 September 2017 and underlining the importance of its full
               implementation,
                     Emphasizing that the continued role and contribution of neighbouring
               countries, the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), the
               International Conference on the Great Lakes region (ICGLR), as well as the African
               Union (AU), remains critical for the promotion of lasting peace and stability in the
               CAR, reiterating appreciation for their ongoing efforts in this regard,
                     Welcoming the strong engagement of the European Union (EU) and the
               positive engagement of the Community of Sant’Egidio through the agreement
               signed in Rome on 19 June 2017 that constituted a step towards peace and stability
               in the CAR, as well as the engagement of other International Organizations such as
               the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) and the Organization of
               Islamic Cooperation (OIC), and further welcoming the bilateral contributions of
               Member States to the stabilization of the CAR,
                     Calling on international partners to assist the CAR Authorities in b uilding the
               institutional and operational capacities of national police, gendarmerie and customs
               authorities to effectively monitor the borders and points of entry, including to
               support the implementation of the measures renewed and modified by paragraph 1
               of resolution 2339 (2017) and the disarmament and repatriation of foreign armed
               elements,
                     Stressing the need to implement MINUSCA’s mandate, based on the
               prioritization of tasks, and, when relevant, in a phased manner,


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                Welcoming the Report of the Secretary-General of 16 October 2017
           (S/2017/865),
                 Determining that the situation in the CAR continues to constitute a threat to
           international peace and security in the region,
                Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

           Political process
                1.   Renews its support to President Faustin-Archange Touadéra, and to his
           government and welcomes his efforts to advance the dialogue with armed groups
           and extend state authority in all parts of the country, as well as his commitments at
           the High-Level Event on the CAR in the margin of the General Assembly in
           September 2017;
                2.    Welcomes the steps that were taken in this regard, such as the adoption
           and implementation of the National Recovery and Peacebuilding Plan (RCPCA), the
           adoption of a National Strategy for the Restoration of State Authority, the adoption
           of a National Security Policy and National Strategy for SSR, the validation of a
           Reform Plan for the Internal Security Forces, the launch of the DDR/R pilot project,
           as well as the recent efforts that were made to ensure a greater representation of all
           components of the society within the Government of the CAR, and encourages CAR
           Authorities to continue their efforts to build more inclusive governance mechanisms
           in order to foster a conducive environment to national consensus and political
           progress;
                 3.    Welcomes the African Initiative for Peace and Reconciliation in the CAR
           that led to the adoption of the roadmap by the ministerial conference held in
           Libreville on 17 July 2017 by the CAR authorities, the African Union, the ECCAS,
           the ICGLR with the support of Angola, Chad, Congo and Gabon, and reaffirms that
           this Initiative and this roadmap constitute the main framework for a political
           solution in the CAR, as agreed by CAR Authorities and under their leadership;
                 4.    Reiterates the need to coordinate all efforts in support of peace and
           reconciliation in the CAR, encourages the African Initiative for Peace and
           Reconciliation to work closely with the United Nations, and welcomes in this regard
           the decision of the Panel of Facilitators to ensure consistency in a strategic and
           operational partnership with MINUSCA as well as the assistance provided by the
           mission to the Panel, and further calls on international partners to provide political
           and financial support the work of the Panel of Facilitators;
                5.    Urges the CAR authorities and the armed groups to engage
           constructively and in good faith in an inclusive peace process to reach a
           comprehensive political agreement as reiterated by the ECCAS Foreign ministers
           extraordinary meeting on 21 October 2017;
                6.    Demands that all militias and armed groups lay down their arms, cease
           all forms of violence and destabilizing activities, including attacks against
           peacekeepers and humanitarian workers as well as incitement to hatred and
           violence, and release children from their ranks, immediately and unconditionally,
           and urges all political and institutional actors in the CAR to strongly condemn and
           hinder such acts;
                7.   Further demands that all militias and armed groups end attacks against
           peacekeepers and humanitarian workers;
                8.     Urges the CAR authorities to urgently implement a genuine and inclusive
           reconciliation in the CAR, including by addressing marginalization and local
           grievances of all the components of society over the whole territory of the CAR,

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               including through national policies on economic development and civil service
               recruitment, and to promote reconciliation initiatives at the regional, national,
               prefectural and local levels, including through local elections;
                     9.    Also calls upon the CAR authorities to ensure that national policies and
               legislative frameworks adequately protect the human rights of IDPs, including
               freedom of movement, and supports durable solutions for IDPs and refugee
               populations, including the voluntary, safe, dignified and sustainable return to one ’s
               home or local integration or resettlement;
                    10. Recalls the crucial role of civil society in the peace and reconciliation
               process to ensure that the comprehensive political agreement addresses the root
               causes of the conflict and further encourages the full and effective participation of
               women in this process;
                    11. Underscores the importance of respect for the Constitution to ensure the
               long-term stabilization and development of the CAR;
                     12. Encourages the submission by Member States of listing requests to the
               Committee established by paragraph 57 of resolution 2127 (2013), including
               detailed evidentiary support for each request, of individuals and entities engaging in
               or providing support for acts that undermine the peace, stability or security of the
               CAR, including acts that threaten or impede the political process, or the
               stabilization and reconciliation process, or that fuel violence;
                    13. Urges the CAR Authorities to address the presence and activity of ar med
               groups in the CAR by implementing a comprehensive strategy that prioritizes
               dialogue and the urgent implementation of an inclusive DDR/R programme, to be
               implemented in coherence with SSR which ensures civilian oversight of defence and
               national security forces, with the support of the international community;
                    14. Calls on the CAR Authorities to implement the National Security Policy
               and the National Strategy on SSR, in order to put in place professional, ethnically
               representative and regionally balanced national defence and internal security forces,
               including through the adoption and implementation of appropriate vetting
               procedures of all defence and security personnel, including human rights vetting, as
               well as measures to absorb elements of armed groups meeting rigorous eligibility
               and vetting criteria, and requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council on
               progress taken in this regard as part of his regular reporting cycle;
                     15. Welcomes the finalization, in coordination with MINUSCA and EUTM -
               RCA, of the 2017–2019 Guidance Document for the Redeployment of CAR armed
               forces, as requested by resolution 2301 (2016), which establishes the conditions for
               the progressive redeployment of the FACA units trained by EUTM RCA, in
               coordination with MINUSCA, EUTM-RCA and other relevant international
               partners, in order to contribute to the extension of State authority and security and
               further calls on CAR Authorities to design and finalize, within a reasonab le time,
               other procedures necessary to the full reoperationalization of FACA;
                     16. Calls on the CAR Authorities to take concrete steps, without delay and as
               a matter of priority, to strengthen justice institutions and to fight impunity, in order
               to contribute to stabilization and reconciliation, including, inter alia, by restoring
               administration of the judiciary, criminal justice and penitentiary systems throughout
               the country, by demilitarizing the prisons and gradually replace the FACA by
               recruiting civilian prison personnel and by ensuring access to fair and equal justice
               for all;




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                17. Welcomes in this regard the progressive operationalization of the SCC
           and the nomination of the Steering Committee for the implementation of the Truth
           and Reconciliation Commission;
                 18. Also calls on the CAR Authorities to continue their efforts to restore the
           effective authority of the State over the whole territory of the CAR, including by
           redeploying State administration in the provinces, and ensuring the timely payment
           of salaries to civil servants and Security forces, with the objective of ensuring
           stable, accountable, inclusive and transparent governance;
                 19. Encourages the CAR Authorities, with the support of the international
           community, in particular with International Financial Institutions (IFIs) leading
           international efforts, and based on critical peace and State building goals, to
           continue consolidating public financial management and accountability, including
           revenue collection, expenditure controls, public proc urement and concession
           practices building on relevant international experiences and in a manner that allows
           it to meet the expenses related to the functioning of the State, implement early
           recovery plans, and revitalize the economy, and fosters national ow nership and
           respects the sovereignty of the CAR;
                 20. Further calls on Member States, international and regional organizations
           to disburse pledges made at the international conference in Brussels (17 November
           2016) as well as the African Solidarity Conference held in Addis Ababa (1 February
           2017), in support of the implementation of the country’s peacebuilding priorities as
           outlined in the CAR’s National Strategy for Recovery and Peace consolidation to
           provide support to the CAR Authorities for the reforms, for the restoration of the
           State authority over the whole territory, including contributions for the payment of
           salaries and other needs, in addition to support for the SSR and DDR/R programmes
           and for the restoration of the judiciary and the criminal jus tice system including the
           SCC and, in that regard, encourages the CAR Authorities to accelerate the effective
           implementation of the RCPCA;
                 21. Welcomes the continued engagement of the United Nations, including the
           Regional Office for Central Africa (UNOCA), the African Union (AU), the ECCAS,
           the ICGLR, neighbouring States, the European Union, the International Contact
           Group (ICG), the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, and other
           international partners and donors in support of the stabilization of the CAR;
                 22. Takes note of the development of a framework of mutual accountability
           between the CAR Authorities and international partners under the leadership of the
           Government of the CAR, with the aim of enhancing transparency and accountability
           as well as the coherence and sustained support of the CAR ’s international partners
           in support of agreed national priorities;
                 23. Stresses in this context the valuable role of the Peacebuilding
           Commission (PBC) in bringing strategic advice and fostering a mor e coherent,
           coordinated and integrated approach to international peacebuilding efforts,
           recognizes the active role of the Kingdom of Morocco, and encourages continued
           coordination with the PBC and other relevant international organizations and
           institutions in support of CAR’s long term peace building needs;

           Human rights, including child protection and sexual violence in conflict
                 24. Reiterates the urgent and imperative need to hold accountable all
           perpetrators of violations of international humanitarian law and violations and
           abuses of human rights, irrespective of their status or political affiliation, and
           reiterates that some of those acts may amount to crimes under the Rome Statute of
           the International Criminal Court (ICC), to which the CAR is a State party;

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                     25. Recalls the decision made by the Prosecutor of the ICC on 24 September
               2014 to open, following the request of the national Authorities, an investigation into
               alleged crimes committed since 2012, and welcomes the ongoing cooperation of the
               CAR Authorities in this regard;
                     26. Takes note in this regard of the report of the Mapping Project describing
               serious violations and abuses of international human rights and violations of
               international humanitarian law committed within the territory of CAR between
               January 2003 and December 2015 and further calls on the CAR Authorities to
               follow-up on the recommendations;
                     27. Urges all parties to armed conflict in the CAR, including ex-Seleka and
               anti-Balaka elements, to end all violations and abuses committed against children,
               in violation of applicable international law, including those involving their
               recruitment and use, rape and sexual violence, killing and maiming, abductions and
               attacks on schools and hospitals and further calls upon the CAR Authorities to
               swiftly investigate alleged violations and abuses in order to hold perpetrators
               accountable and to ensure that those responsible for such v iolations and abuses are
               excluded from the security sector;
                    28. Reiterates its demands that all parties protect and consider as victims
               those children who have been released or otherwise separated from armed forces
               and armed groups, and emphasizes the need to pay particular attention to the
               protection, release and reintegration of all children associated with armed forces and
               armed groups;
                    29. Calls upon all parties to armed conflict in the CAR, including ex -Seleka
               and anti-Balaka elements, to end sexual and gender-based violence, and further calls
               upon the CAR Authorities to swiftly investigate alleged abuses in order to hold
               perpetrators accountable, and to develop a structured and comprehensive framework
               to address sexual violence in conflict, in line with resolutions 1960 (2010) and 2106
               (2013), to ensure that those responsible for such crimes are excluded from the
               security sector and prosecuted, and to facilitate immediate access for victims of
               sexual violence to available services;

               Peacekeeping Operation
                   30. Renews its strong support to Special Representative of the Secretary -
               General (SRSG) Parfait Onanga-Anyanga;
                    31.   Decides to extend the mandate of MINUSCA until 15 November 2018;
                    32. Decides to authorise an increase of 900 military personnel in addition to
               the military personnel authorized by paragraph 24 of resolution 2301 (2016) in
               order to increase MINUSCA’s flexibility and mobility to improve the efficient
               implementation of its full mandate and, in particular, the protection of civilians task
               provided at paragraph 42 (a), thereby resulting in an authorized troop ceiling of
               11,650 military personnel, including 480 Military Observers and Military Staff
               Officers, 2,080 police personnel, including 400 Individual Police Officers, as well
               as 108 corrections officers, and recalls its intention to keep this number under
               continuous review;
                     33. Reiterates the importance of current and future T/PCCs providing troops
               and police with adequate capabilities, equipment and predeployment training in
               order to enhance the capacity of MINUSCA to operate effectively and requests the
               Secretary-General to accelerate the recruitment of qualified staff, who have the
               competencies, education, work experience and language skills to adequately and
               effectively implement the tasks enumerated in paragraphs 42 to 44 below;


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                       34. Requests the Secretary-General to take all possible steps, including
                 through the full use of existing authorities and at his discretion, to maximize
                 MINUSCA’s operational capacity and ability to discharge its mandate, with a
                 specific focus on priority areas, over the entire territory of the CAR, i ncluding by
                 using new rapidly deployable units and through enhancing MINUSCA’s personnel,
                 mobility assets and capabilities for gathering timely, reliable and actionable
                 information on threats to civilians and the analytical tools to use it, while continuin g
                 to strengthen the performance of the Mission;
                      35. Commends the commitment of the T/PCCs in implementing the mission’s
                 mandate in a challenging environment, and in this connection, highlights that
                 undeclared national caveats, lack of effective command a nd control, refusal to obey
                 orders, failure to respond to attacks on civilians, and inadequate equipment may
                 adversely affect the shared responsibility for effective mandate implementation;
                      36. Notes the progress of all T/PCCs to meet UN standards and calls on them
                 to immediately finalize the procurement and deployment of all required contingent -
                 owned equipment, in order to comply with United Nations standards for troops and
                 police;
                       37. Calls on the Secretariat to continue to explore, on the basis of need , the
                 use of specialized police teams together with required specialized equipment, for
                 police and gendarmerie capacity building and development and operational support;
                       38. Urges MINUSCA and all relevant United Nations bodies, to ensure
                 unhindered access and safety for the Panel of Experts established pursuant to
                 resolution 2127 (2013), in particular to persons, documents and sites within their
                 control in order for the Panel to execute its mandate;
                      39. Recalls that MINUSCA’s strategic objective is to support the creation of
                 conditions conducive to the sustainable reduction of the presence of, and threat
                 posed by, armed groups through a comprehensive approach and proactive and robust
                 posture without prejudice to the basic principles of peacekeeping;
                       40. Recalls that MINUSCA’s mandate should be implemented based on a
                 prioritization of tasks established in paragraphs 42 to 44 of this resolution, and,
                 when relevant, in a phased manner, and further requests the Secretary-General to
                 reflect this prioritization in the deployment of the mission and to align budgetary
                 resources according to the prioritization of mandate tasks as set out in this
                 resolution, while ensuring appropriate resources for the implementat ion of the
                 mandate;
                     41. Authorises MINUSCA to take all necessary means to carry out its
                 mandate within its capabilities and areas of deployment;
                       42. Decides that the mandate of MINUSCA shall include the following
                 priority tasks:

           (a)   Protection of civilians
                      (i) To protect, without prejudice to the primary responsibility of the CAR
                      Authorities and the basic principles of peacekeeping in line with
                      S/PRST/2015/22, the civilian population under threat of physical violence;
                      (ii) In support of CAR Authorities, to take active steps to anticipate, deter
                      and effectively respond to serious and credible threats to the civilian
                      population and, in this regard, to enhance early warning, while maintaining a
                      proactive deployment and a mobile, flexible and robust posture, as well as
                      conducting active patrolling, in particular in high risks areas;


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                    (iii) To provide specific protection for women and children affected by armed
                    conflict, including through the deployment of Child Protection Advisers,
                    Women Protection Advisers and Gender Advisers;
                    (iv) To identify and report threats to and attacks against civilians and
                    implement prevention and response plans and strengthen civil -military
                    cooperation;
                    (v) To fully implement and deliver, in close consultation with humanitarian
                    and human rights organizations and other relevant partners, the mission -wide
                    protection of civilians strategy;

         (b)   Good offices and support to the peace process, including national
               reconciliation, social cohesion and transitional justice
                    (i) To enhance support for inclusive political dialogue, under the leadership
                    of the Government of the CAR, and in partnership with the African Initiative
                    for Peace and Reconciliation in the CAR;
                    (ii) To assist the CAR authorities’ efforts, at national and local levels, for an
                    increased participation of political parties, civil society, and women to the
                    peace process, in cooperation with the African Initiative and other mediation
                    actors;
                    (iii) To provide good offices and technical expertise in support of efforts to
                    address the root causes of conflict, in particular a greater focus on national
                    reconciliation and local conflict resolution, working with relevant regional and
                    local bodies and religious leaders, while ensuring the full and effective
                    participation of women in line with the CAR action plan on Women, Peace and
                    Security, and drawing upon integrated information and analysis from the
                    United Nations system in-country;
                    (iv) To support efforts of the CAR Authorities to address transitional justice
                    as part of the peace and reconciliation process, and marginalization and local
                    grievances, including through dialogue with the armed groups, civil society
                    leaders including women and youth representatives, and by assi sting national,
                    prefectoral and local authorities to foster confidence among communities;
                    (v) To provide technical expertise to the Government of the CAR in its
                    engagement with neighbouring countries, the ECCAS, and the AU, in
                    consultation and coordination with UNOCA;
                    (vi) To continue to assist the political efforts of the AU, ECCAS, including
                    the work of the Panel of Facilitators, to support the political process;

         (c)   Facilitate the creation of a secure environment for the immediate, full, safe and
               unhindered delivery of humanitarian assistance
                     To improve coordination with humanitarian actors, in order to facilitate the
               creation of a secure environment for the immediate, full, safe and unhindered,
               civilian-led delivery of humanitarian assistance, in accordance with United Nations
               guiding humanitarian principles and relevant provisions of international law, and for
               the voluntary safe, dignified and sustainable return or local integration or
               resettlement of internally displaced persons or refugees in close coordination with
               humanitarian actors;




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           (d)   Protection of the United Nations
                      To protect the United Nations personnel, installations, equipment and goods
                 and ensure the security and freedom of movement of United Nations and associated
                 personnel;
                     43. Further authorises MINUSCA to pursue the following tasks of its
                 mandate, bearing in mind that these tasks as well as those in paragraph 42 above are
                 mutually reinforcing:

           (a)   Support for the extension of State authority, the deployment of security force s,
                 and the preservation of territorial integrity
                      (i) To continue to support the Government in implementing its strategy for
                      the extension of State authority including by providing advice to the
                      Government of the CAR on the establishment of interim securi ty and
                      administrative arrangements acceptable to the population and under
                      Government of the CAR oversight, and through sequenced efforts based on
                      identified priorities and targeted geographic areas, to articulate a division of
                      labour with the United Nations Country Team and relevant partners in which
                      MINUSCA would focus on immediate, short and medium-term priorities and
                      hand over activities in long-term areas to relevant partners and to report to the
                      Security council on benchmarks for tasks to be handed over to the United
                      Nations Country Team and partners;
                      (ii) To support a gradual handover of security of key officials, and static
                      guard duties of national institutions, to the CAR security forces, in
                      coordination with the CAR Authorities, and based on the ri sks on the ground;
                      (iii) To promote and support the rapid extension of State authority over the
                      entire territory of the CAR, including by supporting the deployment of vetted
                      and trained national police and gendarmerie in priority areas, including
                      through co-location, advising, mentoring and monitoring, in coordination with
                      other partners, as part of the deployment of the territorial administration and
                      other rule of law authorities, for increasing State presence in these priority
                      areas outside of Bangui;
                      (iv) On the basis of the 2017–2019 Guidance Document for the
                      Redeployment of CAR armed forces, requested by resolution 2301 (2016), to
                      consider providing support to the progressive and coordinated redeplo yment of
                      FACA units trained by EUTM-RCA, as an element of the strategy for the
                      extension of State authority, in accordance with the United Nations HRDDP
                      and with the guarantee that is does not constitutes a risk to the stabilization of
                      the country, civilians or the political process, and requesting the Secretary-General to present recommendations, with detailed benchmarks and timelines,
                      to the Security Council for its consideration and possible approval within
                      6 months of the adoption of this resolution, while keeping in mind that
                      technical agreements between the United Nations and donors could be
                      considered to support the CAR defence forces;

           (b)   Security Sector Reform (SSR)
                      (i) To provide strategic and technical advice to the CAR Authorities to
                      implement the National Strategy on SSR, in close coordination with EUTM -
                      RCA, and with the aim of ensuring coherence of the SSR process, including
                      through a clear delineation of responsibilities of the FACA, the internal
                      security forces, and other uniformed entities, as well as the democratic control
                      of both defence and internal security forces;

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                    (ii) To support the CAR Authorities in developing an approach to the vetting
                    of defence and security elements (FACA, police and gendarmerie) which
                    includes human rights vetting, in particular to promote accountability of
                    violations of international and domestic law amongst security forces and in the
                    context of any integration of demobilized armed groups elements into security
                    sector institutions;
                    (iii) To take a leading role in supporting the CAR Authorities in
                    implementing the National Capacity-Building and Development Plan for
                    Internal Security Forces, particularly command and control structures and
                    oversight mechanisms, and coordinate international assistance in this rega rd;
                    (iv) To support the Government of the CAR in developing an incentive
                    structure for training of police and gendarmerie and for the selection,
                    recruitment, vetting and training of police and gendarmerie elements, with the
                    support of donors and the United Nations Country Team (UNCT), taking into
                    account the need to recruit women, and in full compliance with the United
                    Nations HRDDP;
                    (v) To coordinate the provision of technical assistance and training between
                    the international partners in the CAR, in particular with EUTM-RCA, in order
                    to ensure a clear distribution of tasks in the field of SSR, for the benefit of
                    both the FACA and the CAR internal security forces (police and gendarmerie);

         (c)   Disarmament, Demobilization, Reintegration (DDR) and Repatriation (DDRR)
                    (i) To support the CAR Authorities in developing and implementing an
                    inclusive and progressive programme for the disarmament, demobilization and
                    reintegration (DDR) and, in case of foreign elements, Repatriation (DDRR), of
                    members of armed groups, based on the Principles of DDRR and Integration
                    into the Uniformed Corps, signed at the Bangui Forum on 10 May 2015, while
                    paying specific attention to the needs of children associated with armed forces
                    and groups and the need to prevent rerecruitment, including through the
                    implementation of the DDRR pilot project and the implementation of other
                    DDRR projects, including gender-sensitive programmes, with the aim to
                    disarm, demobilize and reintegrate as well as, in coordination with EUTM, the
                    United Nations Country Teams and other relevant partners, to integrate
                    eligible and vetted armed groups elements in security forces, as an incentive to
                    armed groups to remain engaged in the political process and in preparation for
                    the national DDR programme;
                    (ii) To support the CAR Authorities and relevant civil society organizations
                    in developing and implementing CVR programmes, including gender -sensitive
                    programmes, for members of armed groups non-eligible for participation in
                    the national DDRR programme, in cooperation with development partners and
                    together with communities of return in line with the priorities highlighted in
                    the RCPCA;
                    (iii) To provide technical assistance to the CAR Authorities in developing and
                    implementing a national plan for the integration of eligible demobilized
                    members of armed groups into the security and defence forces, in line with the
                    broader SSR agenda and the need to put in place professional, ethnically
                    representative and regionally balanced national security and defence;




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           (d)   Promotion and protection of human rights
                      (i) To monitor, help investigate, and report publicly and to the Security
                      Council on violations of international humanitarian law and on violations and
                      abuses of human rights committed throughout the CAR;
                      (ii) To monitor, help investigate and ensure reporting on violations and
                      abuses committed against children and women, including rape and other forms
                      of sexual violence in armed conflict, in connection with the Joint Rapid
                      Response Unit within the gendarmerie and the police established to respond to
                      sexual violence (UMIRR);
                      (iii) To assist the CAR Authorities in their efforts to protect and promote
                      human rights and prevent violations and abuses and to strengthen the capacity
                      of civil society organizations;

           (e)   Support for national and international justice, the fight against impunity, and
                 the rule of law
                      (i) To help reinforce the independence of the judiciary, build the capacities,
                      and enhance the effectiveness of the national judicial system as well as the
                      effectiveness and the accountability of the penitentiary system;
                      (ii) To help build the capacities of the national human rights institution
                      coordinating with the Independent Expert on human rights as appropriate;
                 Urgent temporary measures:
                      (iii) To urgently and actively adopt, within the limits of its capacities and
                      areas of deployment, at the formal request of the CAR Authorities and in areas
                      where national security forces are not present or operational, urgent temporary
                      measures on an exceptional basis and without creating a precedent and without
                      prejudice to the agreed principles of peacekeeping operations, which are
                      limited in scope, time-bound and consistent with the objectives set out in
                      paragraphs 42 and 43 (e), to arrest and detain in order to maintain basic law
                      and order and fight impunity;
                      (iv) To pay particular attention, in implementing the urgent temporary
                      measures in the conditions stated above, to those engaging in or providing
                      support for acts that undermine the peace, stability or security of the CAR,
                      including acts that threaten or impede the political process, or the stabilization
                      and reconciliation process, or that fuel violence;
                 Special Criminal Court (SCC):
                      (v) To provide technical assistance to the CAR Authorities to identif y,
                      investigate and prosecute those responsible for crimes involving violations of
                      international humanitarian law and of violations and abuses of human rights
                      committed throughout the CAR so that they can be brought to justice, and to
                      help prevent such violations and abuses;
                      (vi) To provide support and to coordinate international assistance to the
                      justice and correctional institutions to reinstate the criminal justice system,
                      within the framework of the United Nations global focal point on rule of law,
                      in a manner that emphasizes civilian oversight, impartiality and the protection
                      of human rights;
                      (vii) To provide technical assistance to the CAR Authorities in partnership
                      with other international partners, to support the operationalization of the SCC
                      consistent with CAR laws and jurisdiction and in line with the CAR’s


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                     international humanitarian law and international human rights law obligations,
                     with the aim of supporting the extension of State authority;
                     (viii) To provide technical assistance, in partnership with other international
                     partners, and capacity building for the CAR Authorities, in order to facilitate
                     the functioning of the SCC, in particular in the areas of investigations, arrests,
                     detention, criminal and forensic analysis, evidence collection an d storage,
                     recruitment and selection of personnel, court management, prosecution
                     strategy and case development and the establishment of a legal aid system, as
                     appropriate, as well as, to provide security for magistrates, including at the
                     premises and proceedings of the SCC, and take measures for the protection of
                     victims and witnesses, in line with the CAR’s international human rights
                     obligations, including with respect to fair trials, and due process;
                     (ix) To assist in the coordination and mobilization of bilateral and
                     multilateral support to the operationalization and functioning of the SCC;
                Rule of law:
                     (x) To provide support and to coordinate international assistance to build the
                     capacities, and enhance the effectiveness of the criminal justice system as well
                     as the effectiveness and the accountability of police and penitentiary system;
                     (xi) Without prejudice to the primary responsibility of the CAR Authorities,
                     to support the restoration and maintenance of public safety and the rule of law,
                     including through apprehending and handing over to the CAR Authorities,
                     consistent with international law, those in the country responsible for crimes
                     involving serious human rights violations and abuses and serious violations of
                     international humanitarian law, including sexual violence in conflict, so that
                     they can be brought to justice, and through cooperation with States of the
                     region as well as the ICC in cases of crimes falling within its jurisdiction;

          (f)   Illicit exploitation and trafficking of natural resources
                      To continue to support the CAR Authorities to develop and finalize a
                nationally owned strategy to tackle the illicit exploitation and trafficking networks
                of natural resources which continue to fund and supply armed groups in the CAR
                taking into account, where appropriate, the reports of the Panel of Experts
                established pursuant to resolution 2127 (2013) and the decisions of the Kimberley
                Process (KP), with the aim of extending the State authority over the entire territory
                and its resources;
                      44.   Further authorises MINUSCA to carry out the following additional
                tasks:
                     (a)    To coordinate international assistance as appropriate;
                      (b) To assist the Committee established pursuant to paragraph 57 of
                resolution 2127 (2013) and the Panel of Experts established by the same resolution,
                including by passing information relevant to the implementation of the mandate of
                the Committee and Panel of Experts;
                      (c) To monitor the implementation of the measures renewed and modified by
                paragraph 1 of resolution 2339 (2017), in cooperation with the Panel of Experts
                established pursuant to resolution 2127 (2013), including by inspecting, as it deems
                necessary and when appropriate without notice, all arms and related materiel
                regardless of location, and advise the Authorities on efforts to keep armed groups
                from exploiting natural resources;



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                 (d) To seize and collect arms and any related materiel the transfer of which
           to the CAR violates the measures imposed by paragraph 1 of resolution 2339 (2017)
           and to record and dispose of such arms and related materiel as appropriate;
                (e) To provide transport for relevant State authorities in carrying out
           inspections and monitoring visits in key mining areas and sites as appropriate and
           on a case by case basis and when the situation allows, as a means to promote and
           support the rapid extension of the State authority over the entire territory;
                45. Requests the Secretary-General to deploy and allocate personnel and
           expertise within MINUSCA to reflect the priorities identified by paragraph 42 to
           paragraph 44 of this resolution, and to continuously adjust this deployment
           according to the progresses made in the implementation of this mandate;
                 46. Encourages MINUSCA to develop measurable targets by which to assess
           progress against the pursuit of the strategic objective defined in paragraph 39 of this
           resolution;
                47. Requests MINUSCA to continue using relevant and tailored
           communication tools, in particular radio, to help the local population better
           understand the mandate of the mission, its activities, and to build trust with the
           CAR citizens, parties to the conflict, regional and other international actors and
           partners on the ground as part of an effective political strategy;
                 48. Requests MINUSCA to consider the environmental impacts of its
           operations when fulfilling its mandated tasks and, in this context, to manage them as
           appropriate and in accordance with applicable and relevant General Assembly
           resolutions and United Nations rules and regulations;
                 49. Calls on the CAR, its neighbouring States and other member States of
           the ICGLR to cooperate at the regional level to investigate and combat regional
           criminal networks and armed groups involved in the illegal exploitation and
           smuggling of natural resources including gold, diamonds and wildlife poaching and
           trafficking;
                50. Requests MINUSCA to take fully into account child protection as a
           cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the CAR Authorities in
           ensuring that the protection of children’s rights is taken into account, inter alia, in
           DDR and DDR/R processes and in SSR in order to end and prevent violations and
           abuses against children;
                 51. Requests MINUSCA to take fully into account gender mainstreaming as
           a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate and to assist the CAR Authorities in
           ensuring the full and effective participation, involvement and representation of
           women in all spheres and at all levels, including in stabilization activities,
           transitional justice, the work of the SCC and of the Tr uth and Reconciliation
           Commission, SSR, DDR and DDR/R processes, as well as in the national political
           dialogue and electoral processes, through, inter alia, the provision of gender
           advisers, further requests enhanced reporting by MINUSCA to the Council on this
           issue, and encourages the UN Secretariat, in collaboration with Member States, to
           engage greater numbers of women in the military, police and civilian components of
           the mission with full respect for the principle of equitable geographical distribution ,
           in conformity with article 101, paragraph 3, of the United Nations Charter;
                 52. Recalls its Presidential Statement S/PRST/2015/22 and its resolution
           2272 (2016) and requests the Secretary-General to take all necessary measures to
           ensure full compliance of MINUSCA with the United Nations zero tolerance policy
           on sexual exploitation and abuse and to ensure that all personnel of the mission are
           vetted for history of sexual misconduct in the service with the United Nations and to

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               keep the Council informed through his reports to the Council about the Mission ’s
               progress in this regard, including by reporting on the start, agreed deadlines and
               outcomes of 2272 reviews, and urges TCC/PCCs to take appropriate preventative
               action including predeployment awareness training, and to ensure full accountability
               in cases of such conduct involving their personnel;
                    53. Requests MINUSCA to ensure that any support provided to non-United
               Nations security forces is provided in strict compliance with the HRDDP, and
               requests the Secretary-General to include information on any such support in his
               reports to the Council;
                     54. Emphasizes the need for MINUSCA and EUTM-RCA, while carrying out
               their mandate, to act in full respect of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and unity
               of the CAR and in full compliance with applicable international humanitarian law,
               human rights law and refugee law and recalls the importance of training in this
               regard;

               Weapon and ammunition management
                    55. Requests MINUSCA to actively seize, confiscate and destroy, as
               appropriate, the weapons and ammunitions of armed elements, including all militias
               and other non-state armed groups, who refuse or fail to lay down their arms, and
               when they present an imminent threat to civilians or the stability of the state;
                     56. Requests MINUSCA to provide technical assistance to the CAR
               Authorities in the operationalization of the national commission for Small Arms and
               Light Weapons to address civilian disarmament and the fight against the illicit
               proliferation of small arms and light weapons;
                    57. Requests MINUSCA to destroy, as appropriate, the weapons and
               ammunitions of disarmed combatants in keeping with its effort to seize and collect
               arms and related materiel the supply, sale or transfer of which violate the measures
               imposed by paragraph 1 of resolution 2339 (2017);
                      58. Calls upon the CAR Authorities and international partners and relevant
               United Nations entities, in coordination with MINUSCA and United Nations Mine
               Action Service (UNMAS), to address the illicit transfer, destabilizing accumulation,
               and misuse of small arms and light weapons in the CAR, and to ensure the safe and
               effective management, storage and security of stockpiles of small arms and light
               weapons, and the collection and/or destruction of surplus, seized, unmarked, or
               illicitly held weapons and ammunition, and further stresses the importance of
               incorporating such elements into SSR and DDR/R programmes;
                     59. Encourages the CAR Authorities to implement the Central African
               Convention for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons, their Ammunition,
               Parts and Components that can be used for their Manufacture, Repair or Assembly
               signed at Kinshasa on April 30 2010;

               MINUSCA Freedom of movement
                     60. Urges all parties in the CAR to cooperate fully with the deployment and
               activities of MINUSCA, in particular by ensuring its safety, security and freedom of
               movement with unhindered and immediate access throughout the territory of the
               CAR to enable MINUSCA to carry out fully its mandate in a complex environment
               including by helping to ensure the full and effective implementation of, and
               compliance with, the host country agreement (SOFA) by the CAR Authorities;
                     61. Calls upon Member States, especially those in the region, to ensure the
               free, unhindered and expeditious movement to and from the CAR of all personnel,


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           as well as equipment, provisions, supplies and other goods, including vehicles and
           spare parts, which are for the exclusive and official use of MINUSC A;

           Humanitarian access
                 62. Demands that all parties allow and facilitate the full, safe, immediate and
           unhindered access for the timely delivery of humanitarian assistance to populations
           in need, in particular to internally displaced persons, througho ut the territory of the
           CAR, in accordance with the United Nations guiding principles of humanitarian
           assistance and relevant provisions of international law;
                 63. Further demands that all parties ensure respect and protection of all
           medical personnel and humanitarian personnel exclusively engaged in medical
           duties, their means of transport and equipment, as well as hospitals and other
           medical facilities;

           Humanitarian appeal
                 64. Calls on Member States and international and regional organizations to
           respond swiftly to the revised humanitarian appeal through increased contributions
           and to ensure that all pledges are honoured in full and in a timely manner;

           Support to MINUSCA
                 65. Authorises French armed forces, within the provisions of their existing
           bilateral agreement with the CAR and the limits of their capacities and areas of
           deployment, at the request of the Secretary-General, to use all the means to provide
           operational support to elements of MINUSCA when under serious threat, from the
           date of adoption of this resolution, and requests France to ensure reporting to the
           Council on the implementation of this mandate and to coordinate its reporting with
           that of the Secretary-General referred to in paragraph 67 of this resolution;

           Review and Reporting
                66. Requests the Secretary-General to review on a regular basis the
           conditions required for the transition, drawdown and withdrawal of the United
           Nations operation, in a manner which does not prejudice overall efforts to support
           long term objectives for peace and stability, and looks forward to receiving this
           information as part of his regular reporting to the Security Council;
                 67. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Council regularly informed of
           the situation in the CAR and the implementation of the mandate of MINUSCA, to
           report to the Council, on 15 February 2018, and then every four months from that
           date, and to include in his reports to the Council updates on and recommendations
           related to the dynamic implementation of MINUSCA’s mandated tasks, including by
           providing appropriate financial information, information on the security situation,
           the priority political elements as defined above on political progress, progress on
           mechanisms and capacity to advance governance and fiscal management, relevant
           information on the progress, promotion and protection of human rights and
           international humanitarian law, a review of the troop and police levels, force and
           police generation and deployment of all MINUSCA’s constituent elements,
           information on the progress in the implementation of the measures taken to improve
           MINUSCA’s performance, including measures to ensure force effectiveness as
           outlined in paragraphs 33 to 37 and 45, as well as on the outcomes of the
           performance review of T/PCCs that will be conducted by MINUSCA no later than
           the end of the first quarter of 2018;
                68.   Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

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