Aurametrix/dermatology_longitudinal huggingface dataset:
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Basal cell carcinoma, infiltrating type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 61-year-old female patient presented with a lesion on the nose for one year with slight bleeding. ...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Common melanocytic nevus, dermal type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 92-year-old female patient presented with a left cheek mass. The lesion was excised. Histology sho...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Common melanocytic nevus, dermal type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 92-year-old female patient presented with a left cheek mass. The lesion was excised. Histology sho...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Chronic furuncle (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 23-year-old male patient presented with a painful swelling in the right inguinal region. The lesio...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Chronic furuncle (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 23-year-old male patient presented with a painful swelling in the right inguinal region. The lesio...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Low-grade fibrohistiocytic proliferation, consistent with a xanthogranuloma (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 34-year-old male patient presented with a painless swelling on the scalp for two months with chron...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Low-grade fibrohistiocytic proliferation, consistent with a xanthogranuloma (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 34-year-old male patient presented with a painless swelling on the scalp for two months with chron...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Molluscum contagiosum (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 31-year-old female patient presented with two right breast dermal nodules with localized skin thic...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Molluscum contagiosum (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 31-year-old female patient presented with two right breast dermal nodules with localized skin thic...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Inflamed pilonidal sinus tract (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 26-year-old male patient presented with a lower back skin lesion. The lesion was excised. Histolog...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Inflamed pilonidal sinus tract (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 26-year-old male patient presented with a lower back skin lesion. The lesion was excised. Histolog...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Hidradenitis suppurativa (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 22-year-old male patient presented with a skin lesion in the axilla. The lesion was excised. Histo...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Hidradenitis suppurativa (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 22-year-old male patient presented with a skin lesion in the axilla. The lesion was excised. Histo...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Cheek lesion: Seborrheic keratosis, pigmented type; Nose lesion: Common melanocytic nevus, intradermal type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 54-year-old female patient presented with a right cheek skin lesion and a left nose skin lesion, b...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Cheek lesion: Seborrheic keratosis, pigmented type; Nose lesion: Common melanocytic nevus, intradermal type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 54-year-old female patient presented with a right cheek skin lesion and a left nose skin lesion, b...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Molluscum contagiosum (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 43-year-old male patient presented with a lesion on the skin of the right side of the penis. The l...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Molluscum contagiosum (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 43-year-old male patient presented with a lesion on the skin of the right side of the penis. The l...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Lobular capillary hemangioma (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 77-year-old female patient presented with a thumb mass and a history of trauma. The lesion was exc...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Lobular capillary hemangioma (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 77-year-old female patient presented with a thumb mass and a history of trauma. The lesion was exc...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Granulomatous dermatitis; needs further work-up for etiology (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 54-year-old female patient presented with a right nose lesion that was excised. Histology shows sl...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Granulomatous dermatitis; needs further work-up for etiology (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 54-year-old female patient presented with a right nose lesion that was excised. Histology shows sl...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Pemphigus vulgaris (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 40-year-old female patient presented with an oral ulcer. A biopsy shows a fragment of skin with ul...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Pemphigus vulgaris (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 40-year-old female patient presented with an oral ulcer. A biopsy shows a fragment of skin with ul...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Keratosis pilaris (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 36-year-old female patient presented with numerous brown macules at the site of keratotic follicle...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Keratosis pilaris (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 36-year-old female patient presented with numerous brown macules at the site of keratotic follicle...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (pseudolymphoma) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 70-year-old female patient presented with a left auricular skin lesion that was excised. Histology...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (pseudolymphoma) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 70-year-old female patient presented with a left auricular skin lesion that was excised. Histology...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, well differentiated (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: An 80-year-old male patient presented with a painful skin lesion over the nose for one month with hi...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, well differentiated (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: An 80-year-old male patient presented with a painful skin lesion over the nose for one month with hi...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Fibroepithelial polyp (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 33-year-old male patient presented with a cheek skin lesion that was excised. Histologically, the ...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Fibroepithelial polyp (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 33-year-old male patient presented with a cheek skin lesion that was excised. Histologically, the ...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Basal cell carcinoma, nodular pigmented type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 71-year-old female patient presented with a small skin lesion on the left side of the nose for one...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Basal cell carcinoma, nodular pigmented type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 71-year-old female patient presented with a small skin lesion on the left side of the nose for one...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Common melanocytic nevus, compound type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 12-year-old male patient presented with a right eyelid lesion that was excised. Histology shows sl...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Common melanocytic nevus, compound type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 12-year-old male patient presented with a right eyelid lesion that was excised. Histology shows sl...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Chronic spongiotic dermatitis; clinical correlation for determining subtype (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 36-year-old male patient presented with itchy skin lesions on the trunk and extremities (mostly th...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Chronic spongiotic dermatitis; clinical correlation for determining subtype (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 36-year-old male patient presented with itchy skin lesions on the trunk and extremities (mostly th...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: External hemorrhoids (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 34-year-old male patient presented with a perianal lesion that was excised. Histology shows multip...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: External hemorrhoids (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 34-year-old male patient presented with a perianal lesion that was excised. Histology shows multip...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: High-grade squamous dysplasia (at least squamous cell carcinoma in situ) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: An 85-year-old female patient presented with a crusted lesion on the helix of the right ear. A biops...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: High-grade squamous dysplasia (at least squamous cell carcinoma in situ) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: An 85-year-old female patient presented with a crusted lesion on the helix of the right ear. A biops...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Squamous cell carcinoma in-situ (Bowen disease) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 63-year-old male patient presented with a left facial skin lesion that was excised. Histologically...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Squamous cell carcinoma in-situ (Bowen disease) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 63-year-old male patient presented with a left facial skin lesion that was excised. Histologically...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Well-differentiated squamoproliferative lesion, consistent with inverted follicular keratosis; well-differentiated follicular squamous cell carcinoma in situ is a differential (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 68-year-old male patient presented with a left temporal skin lesion that was excised. Histological...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Well-differentiated squamoproliferative lesion, consistent with inverted follicular keratosis; well-differentiated follicular squamous cell carcinoma in situ is a differential (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 68-year-old male patient presented with a left temporal skin lesion that was excised. Histological...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Seborrheic keratosis, reticulated (adenoid) type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 63-year-old female patient presented with an infra-orbital skin lesion that was excised. Histology...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Seborrheic keratosis, reticulated (adenoid) type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 63-year-old female patient presented with an infra-orbital skin lesion that was excised. Histology...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Granulomatous septolobular panniculitis, consistent with erythema induratum; requires exclusion of tuberculosis and other causes (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 67-year-old female patient presented with multiple painless non-itchy erythematous to violaceous s...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Granulomatous septolobular panniculitis, consistent with erythema induratum; requires exclusion of tuberculosis and other causes (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 67-year-old female patient presented with multiple painless non-itchy erythematous to violaceous s...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 52-year-old male patient presented with painful annular lesions on both legs for one year which be...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 52-year-old male patient presented with painful annular lesions on both legs for one year which be...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 35-year-old male patient presented with an erythematous skin lesion for one year associated with s...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 35-year-old male patient presented with an erythematous skin lesion for one year associated with s...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Guttate psoriasis (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 39-year-old female patient presented with generalized recurrent multiple pink scaly lesions for 9 ...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Guttate psoriasis (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 39-year-old female patient presented with generalized recurrent multiple pink scaly lesions for 9 ...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Actinic keratosis, Bowenoid type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 54-year-old female patient presented with a red/brown atrophic 1.2-cm patch on the left cheek for ...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Actinic keratosis, Bowenoid type (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 54-year-old female patient presented with a red/brown atrophic 1.2-cm patch on the left cheek for ...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Early lichen sclerosus (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 30-year-old female patient presented with a white patch on the labia majora for 3 months. A biopsy...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Early lichen sclerosus (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 30-year-old female patient presented with a white patch on the labia majora for 3 months. A biopsy...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor (squamous cell carcinoma, moderately differentiated) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 59-year-old male patient presented with a left posterior scalp mass that was excised. Histological...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor (squamous cell carcinoma, moderately differentiated) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 59-year-old male patient presented with a left posterior scalp mass that was excised. Histological...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Inverse psoriasis (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 37-year-old female patient presented with chronic perianal and vaginal pain and pruritus. A biopsy...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Inverse psoriasis (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 37-year-old female patient presented with chronic perianal and vaginal pain and pruritus. A biopsy...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Accessory nipple adenoma (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 23-year-old female patient presented with bilateral accessory breasts and nipples. A biopsy was ta...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Accessory nipple adenoma (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 23-year-old female patient presented with bilateral accessory breasts and nipples. A biopsy was ta...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Atypical vascular lesion (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 43-year-old female patient presented with a history of left breast cancer for which she underwent ...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Atypical vascular lesion (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 43-year-old female patient presented with a history of left breast cancer for which she underwent ...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (Masson tumor) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 55-year-old female patient presented with a right infraorbital cystic lesion, clinically suspiciou...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (Masson tumor) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 55-year-old female patient presented with a right infraorbital cystic lesion, clinically suspiciou...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Lichen planus pigmentosus (overlaps with ashy dermatosis) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 60-year-old female diabetic patient presented with a 1-year history of macular hyperpigmentation s...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Lichen planus pigmentosus (overlaps with ashy dermatosis) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 0.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: None agreement. Description: A 60-year-old female diabetic patient presented with a 1-year history of macular hyperpigmentation s...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Cutaneous fibrous histiocytoma (dermatofibroma) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 66-year-old female patient presented with a nodule in the left calf for 5 years without pain or it...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Cutaneous fibrous histiocytoma (dermatofibroma) (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 66-year-old female patient presented with a nodule in the left calf for 5 years without pain or it...
Dataset: 60 real case scenarios, with half being neoplastic conditions and the other half non-neoplastic, selected by a pathologist from a hospital�s medical database. The cases involved patients who had undergone biopsy and histopathological examination for skin conditions.
Reference (2025): Talar Sabir Ahmed, Rawa M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Ronak S. Ahmed, Ameer M. Salih, et al. Exploring Large Language Models Integration in the Histopathologic Diagnosis of Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study. Barw Medical Journal. 2025 Apr. 30;3(3):6-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.58742/bmj.v3i3.180

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Pancreatic panniculitis (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 66-year-old female patient presented with multiple subcutaneous nodules on the buttock for 4 years...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Pancreatic panniculitis (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 66-year-old female patient presented with multiple subcutaneous nodules on the buttock for 4 years...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Acral lentiginous melanoma in situ (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 38-year-old male patient presented with chronic painless discoloration at the tip of right little ...

Evaluation of Gemini (Google's Family of LLMs) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Acral lentiginous melanoma in situ (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 50.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Partial agreement. Description: A 38-year-old male patient presented with chronic painless discoloration at the tip of right little ...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-3.5 (GPT series) — Diagnostics from histopathologic report texts, Agreement with external pathologist
Condition/subject: Pustular psoriasis (English)
Category: Medical Records and Diagnostic Processes — Clinical Practice
Validity/accuracy: 100.00% (sample size: 1)
Comments: Agreement: Complete agreement. Description: A 53-year-old female patient presented with a maculopapular and pustular rash over the upper back bi...