Question: Which composer was born first, Maurice Ravel or Béla Bartók?

Documents:
source: Maurice Ravel
text: Maurice Ravel Joseph Maurice Ravel (] ; 7 March 1875 – 28 December 1937) was a French composer, pianist and conductor. He is often associated with impressionism along with his elder contemporary Claude Debussy, although both composers rejected the term. In the 1920s and 1930s Ravel was internationally regarded as France's greatest living composer.

source: Béla Bartók
text: Béla Bartók Béla Viktor János Bartók ( ; ] ; 25 March 1881 – 26 September 1945) was a Hungarian composer, pianist and an ethnomusicologist. He is considered one of the most important composers of the 20th century; he and Liszt are regarded as Hungary's greatest composers . Through his collection and analytical study of folk music, he was one of the founders of comparative musicology, which later became ethnomusicology.

source: Boris Krajný
text: Boris Krajný Boris Krajný is a Czech pianist, b. 1945, best known for his work on Czech and French pianism - he was awarded the Académie Charles Cros's 1982 Grand Prix du Disque for his recording of Albert Roussel, Arthur Honegger and Francis Poulenc piano concertos. He has also recorded Sergei Prokofiev and Béla Bartók's 3rd piano concertos together with Jiří Bělohlávek's Czech Philharmonic Orchestra and Maurice Ravel's complete piano works for Supraphon. Krajný obtained an honourable mention at the 1975 Queen Elisabeth Music Competition. He teaches at the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague.

source: Triton (chamber music society)
text: Triton (chamber music society) Triton was a Paris-based chamber music society founded by Pierre-Octave Ferroud to promote new music. Its executive committee (comité actif) was made up of composers, including Francis Poulenc, Darius Milhaud, Arthur Honegger, Bohuslav Martinů and Sergey Prokofiev. On its honorary committee were Maurice Ravel, Albert Roussel, Arnold Schoenberg, Richard Strauss, Igor Stravinsky, Béla Bartók and Karol Szymanowski. Concerts were held at the École normale de musique, the first being held on 16 December 1932. The inaugural concert included the premiere of Honegger's Sonatina for violin and cello, and the European premiere of Prokofiev's Sonata for Two Violins.

source: String Quartet No. 6 (Bartók)
text: String Quartet No. 6 (Bartók) The String Quartet No. 6, Sz. 114, BB 119, was the final string quartet that Béla Bartók wrote before his death. It was begun in August 1939 in Saanen, Switzerland, where Bartók was a guest of his patron, the conductor Paul Sacher. Shortly after he completed the Divertimento for String Orchestra on the 17th, he started on a commission for his friend, the violinist Zoltán Székely. Székely was acting as intermediary for the "New Hungarian Quartet", who had given the Budapest premiere of the String Quartet No. 5. With the outbreak of World War II and his mother's illness, Bartók returned to Budapest, where the quartet was finished in November. After his mother's death, Bartók decided to leave with his family for the United States. Due to the difficulties of the war, communication between Bartók and Székely was difficult, and the quartet was not premiered until 20 January 1941, when the Kolisch Quartet, to whom the work is dedicated, gave its premiere at the Town Hall in New York City.

source: Palace of Music (Miskolc)
text: Palace of Music (Miskolc) The Palace of Music ("Zenepalota") is a building in Bartók square, Miskolc, Hungary. It is the building of the Béla Bartók Secondary School and the Béla Bartók Music Institute (a faculty of the University of Miskolc.) The Palace was designed by Gyula Waelder in Neo-baroque style and was built between 1926 and 1927. The construction was financed from USA loans, just like that of the Hotel Palace in Lillafüred and the Market Hall on Búza tér.

source: International Composers' Guild
text: International Composers' Guild The International Composers’ Guild was an organization created in 1921 by Edgard Varèse. It was responsible for performances and premieres of works by Béla Bartók, Alban Berg, Erik Satie, Carlos Chávez, Henry Cowell, Charles Ives, Maurice Ravel, Wallingford Riegger, Francis Poulenc, and Anton von Webern, and others.

source: List of string quartets by Béla Bartók
text: List of string quartets by Béla Bartók The Hungarian composer Béla Bartók wrote six string quartets, each for the usual forces of two violins, viola and cello. Notable composers who have been influenced by them include Benjamin Britten, particularly in the Sonata in C for Cello and Piano (; ), Elliott Carter, who refers in the opening of his own First String Quartet to Bartók’s Sixth Quartet , Chen Yi , Edison Denisov, whose Second Quartet is closely related to Bartók’s Fifth Quartet , Franco Donatoni, who was deeply impressed when he heard a broadcast of Bartók's Fourth Quartet , Robert Fripp, who mentions them as an influence upon King Crimson , Miloslav Ištvan , György Kurtág, whose Opp. 1 and 28 both owe a great deal to Bartók's quartets (; ), György Ligeti, whose two string quartets both owe a great deal to Bartók’s quartets (; ), Bruno Maderna , George Perle, who credits the Bartók Fourth and Fifth Quartets as precedents for his use of arrays of chords related to one another by different types of symmetry , Walter Piston (; ), Kim Dzmitrïyevich Tsesakow , Wilfried Westerlinck , Stefan Wolpe, who explained in a public lecture how he had derived ideas from Bartók’s Fourth Quartet , and Xu Yongsan .

source: List of compositions by Béla Bartók
text: List of compositions by Béla Bartók This aspires to be a complete list of compositions by Béla Bartók. The catalogue numbering by András Szőllősy (Sz.) , László Somfai (BB.) and Denijs Dille (DD.) are provided, as well as Bartók's own opus numbers. Note that Bartók started three times anew with opus numbers, here indicated with "(list 1)", "(list 2)" and "(list 3)" respectively. The pieces from the third listing are by far best known; opus lists 1 and 2 are early works. The year of composition and instrumentation (including voice) are included. See the main article on Béla Bartók for more details.

source: Béla Bartók Music High School
text: Béla Bartók Music High School Béla Bartók Music High School (Bartók Béla Zeneművészeti Szakközépiskola) is situated in the Palace of Music (Zenepalota) in Bartók square Miskolc, Hungary. It is a famous Music school named after the famous Hungarian composer Béla Bartók. It was founded in 1966.

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Answer: Maurice Ravel