Title: Analysis of the Transfer Characteristics of Refractive Indices and Nonlinear Effects in Optical Optical Fibers Using the Example of Chromatic Dispersion
Abstract: This article shows the physical basis of dispersion and demonstrates that using a strictly monochromatic laser radiation source for signal transmission in glass fiber is impossible. It was shown that the average dispersion has a negative value, corresponding to the slope of the wavelength curve from the refractive index, and normal dispersion is also shown. Differential changes were taken near the wavelength of 1300 nm, corresponding to the transparency window in the infrared range and widely used in optical telecommunication systems. Considering the fluctuation heterogeneity of the glass fiber structure used in modern systems and the changing gradient refractive index, light waves move in the path at different speeds and arrive at the endpoint at different points in time, creating a time pulse of information transmission. The article contains basic mathematical apparatus - the theory of logarithms, finite and infinitesimal increments, elements of mathematical statistics. The main emphasis is placed on the issues of molecular optics and the interaction of light with different refractive indices of glass fiber.
Keywords: dispersion characteristics;refractive index;gradient light guide;wave packet;group velocity;phase velocity;attenuation coefficient
Review score: Moderate
Review comment: This article is novel and well written with some novelty and therefore worth to be published after major revisions. Here are my suggestions for improvement:
1. Abstract section should be extended for general reader. 
2. The manuscript could benefit from a more structured and coherent presentation of ideas. The transition between sections, especially from the introduction to materials and methods, and then to results and discussions, appears abrupt. Providing a clearer logical flow would enhance readability and understanding.
3. While the manuscript attempts to cover the complex phenomena of chromatic dispersion and its implications on fiber-optic communication, it lacks depth in certain technical explanations. For instance, the discussion on group velocity, phase velocity, and their respective calculations would be more insightful with a deeper mathematical derivation and physical interpretation.
4. The study would benefit significantly from a comparative analysis of different fiber materials or structures and their dispersion characteristics. This could include a comparison between standard single-mode fibers, multimode fibers, and newer fiber types like photonic crystal fibers.
5. Why not Latex? the document is ugly
6. The results section should be distinctly separated from the discussion to clearly delineate between the presentation of findings and the interpretation of these findings. Begin the results section with a clear statement summarizing the main findings from the study, then proceed to detail these findings, supported by the integrated tables.
7. The discussion should critically analyze the findings in the context of existing research. Highlight how your study advances the understanding of chromatic dispersion in optical fibers, addressing any gaps the study fills or questions it raises.
8. Attention should be paid to the manuscript's formatting and language use.