##

# Dod Directive 3610.01

## Electromagnetic Spectrum Enterprise Policy



Originating Component:
Office of the DoD Chief Information Officer

Effective:
September 4, 2020

Releasability:
Cleared for public release.  Available on the Directives Division Website at https://www.esd.whs.mil/DD/.

Approved by:
David L. Norquist, Deputy Secretary of Defense

Purpose: This issuance establishes policy and assigns responsibilities to enable superiority in the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) by taking an enterprise approach to all activities necessary for DoD electromagnetic spectrum operations (EMSO).

## Table Of Contents


SECTION 1:  GENERAL ISSUANCE INFORMATION ........ 3
1.1.  Applicability. ........ 3 1.2.  Policy. ........ 3
SECTION 2:  RESPONSIBILITIES ........ 5
2.1.  DoD CIO. ........ 5 2.2.  Director, Defense information Systems Agency (DISA). ........ 5 2.3.  USD(R&E). ........ 6 2.4.  USD(A&S). ........ 6 2.5.  Under Secretary of Defense for Policy. ........ 7
2.6.  Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security. ........ 7
2.7.  Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness........ 7 2.8.  Director of Operational Test and Evaluation. ........ 8 2.9.  Director of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation. ........ 8 2.10.  Secretaries of the Military Departments and Directors of the Defense Agencies,
Excluding DISA. ........ 8
2.11.  CJCS. ........ 9 2.12.  Combatant Commanders. ........ 9 2.13.  CDRUSSTRATCOM. ........ 10
GLOSSARY ........ 11
G.1.  Acronyms. ........ 11 G.2.  Definitions. ........ 11
REFERENCES ........ 13

## Section 1:  General Issuance Information 1.1.  Applicability.

a.  This issuance applies to OSD, the Military Departments, the Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) and the Joint Staff, the Combatant Commands (CCMDs), the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Defense, the Defense Agencies, the DoD Field Activities, and all other organizational entities within DoD (referred to collectively in this issuance as the "DoD Components").

b.  Nothing in this issuance alters or supersedes the existing authorities and policies of the Director of National Intelligence regarding the protection of sensitive compartmented information or timely transmission of critical intelligence as directed by Executive Order 12333
and other laws and regulations.

## 1.2.  Policy.

It is DoD policy that:
a.  An enterprise approach be applied to all activities necessary for DoD EMSO, to ensure that DoD maintains access to and control of the EMS.  In support of operations, including effective organization and management of the EMS used by DoD in accordance with Section 488 of Title 10, United States Code (U.S.C.); DoD Directive (DoDD) 5000.01; DoDD 5144.02; DoDD 3222.04; DoD Instruction (DoDI) 4650.01; DoDI 3222.03; DoDI 8320.05; the DoD EMS Strategy; the Joint Concept for EMSO; and Joint Doctrine Note 3-16, Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations.

b.  EMSO must be conducted to provide flexible access and maneuver within the EMS.
Therefore:
(1)  DoD will seek and leverage intelligence concerning all electromagnetic environments
(EMEs), using appropriate intelligence processes and authorities, that DoD operates in globally.

(2)  All spectrum-dependent systems, developmental or non-developmental, hereafter referred to as EMS-dependent systems, must be designed to operate in contested and congested EMEs, as appropriate.

(3)  DoD will conduct command, control, and coordination to achieve EMS superiority through the full range of military operations.

(4)  Readiness processes and policies for the use of the EMS must be defined and fully developed, tracked, and integrated with other DoD transformation initiatives.

c.  The EMS enterprise will span all DoD business processes, enabling agile and resilient EMSO.  Therefore:
(1)  Executive governance will be provided by the DoD Chief Information Officer (DoD
CIO) for oversight and guidance on EMS-related activities.

(2)  DoD officials will work to ensure that national and international EMS-related policy processes enable global EMS access and maneuver.

d.  Developmental and operational testing must be designed to evaluate developmental and non-developmental EMS-dependent systems in contested and congested EMEs.

e.  Training range capabilities and metrics must be developed to support EMSO readiness in contested and congested EMEs.

f.  EMS enterprise activities must be coordinated, as appropriate, with allies, coalition partners, and other governmental and non-governmental agencies.

g.  Execution and management of EMSO in a contested and congested environment will be included in all joint training events.

## Section 2:  Responsibilities 2.1.  Dod Cio.

The DoD CIO:
a.  Serves as the Principal Staff Assistant (PSA) to the Secretary of Defense on matters related to the EMS and EMS regulatory activities globally, including national and international fora, in accordance with DoDD 5100.01 and DoDD 5144.02.

b.  In coordination with the DoD Components heads:
(1)  Develops and provides guidance on DoD strategies and policies in support of operations in the EMS.

(2)  Informs DoD strategies on EMS command, control, and coordination system investments.

(3)  Develops instructions to clarify EMS roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

c.  Advises the DoD Component heads on DoD investment strategies for EMS-dependent systems.

d.  Establishes a review and evaluation process that considers all EMS requirements, regardless of classification, in accordance with Section 488(a) of Title 10, U.S.C.

e.  Ensures all DoD EMS users are involved in the DoD decision-making process concerning:

(1)  Potential sharing of spectrum;
(2)  Reassigning of spectrum; (3)  Reallocating of spectrum; or
(4)  Relocation of the EMS by the DoD, in accordance with Section 488(a) of Title 10, U.S.C.

f.  In coordination with the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering
(USD(R&E)), the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment (USD(A&S)), and the CJCS, provides oversight of EMS-related capability development to the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee as the governance structure.

## 2.2.  Director, Defense Information Systems Agency (Disa).

Under the authority, direction, and control of the DoD CIO, the Director, DISA, supports the DoD Components with engineering, planning, policy, technology assessment, capability development, and support for operations in the EMS.

2.3.  USD(R&E).

The USD(R&E):
a.  Serves as the PSA to the Secretary of Defense on issues relating to research, engineering, and technology development on all EMS-dependent systems, in accordance with Section 133a of Title 10, U.S.C.

b.  Establishes DoD policies on, and supervision of, research and engineering of EMS-
dependent systems for operations in contested and congested EMEs, in coordination with the DoD Component heads.

c.  Oversees developmental and non-developmental research and engineering of DoD EMS
command, control, and coordination systems, in coordination with the DoD Component heads.

d.  Advises the DoD Component heads on DoD investment strategies for developmental EMS-dependent systems.

e.  Serves as the PSA and advisor to the Secretary of Defense and Deputy Secretary of Defense for developmental test and evaluation, and issues guidance and procedures for developmental testing of EMS-dependent systems within contested and congested EMEs, in accordance with DoDI 5134.17.

f.  Conducts or approves independent technical risk assessments on EMS-dependent major defense acquisition programs in accordance with Section 2448b of Title 10, U.S.C.

g.  In coordination with the DoD CIO, the USD(A&S), and the CJCS, provides oversight of EMS-related capability development to the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee.

2.4.  USD(A&S).

The USD(A&S):
a.  Serves as the PSA to the Secretary of Defense on issues relating to EMS-dependent system acquisition and sustainment, in accordance with Section 133b of Title 10, U.S.C.

b.  Establishes DoD policies on and supervision of acquisition and sustainment for developmental and non-developmental EMS-dependent systems for operations in contested and congested EMEs, in coordination with the DoD Component heads.

c.  Oversees the acquisition and sustainment of developmental and non-developmental DoD
EMS command, control, and coordination systems, in coordination with the DoD Component heads.

d.  In coordination with the DoD CIO, the USD(R&E) and the CJCS, provides oversight of EMS-related capability development to the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee.

## 2.5.  Under Secretary Of Defense For Policy.

The Under Secretary of Defense for Policy:
a.  Serves as the PSA to the Secretary of Defense for oversight of information operations and provides policy guidance and oversight on roles and responsibilities for the integration of EMSO and other information-related capabilities in accordance with DoDD 3600.01.

b.  Incorporates:
(1)  EMS considerations into defense guidance.
(2)  DoD EMS policy in mission areas, under the cognizance of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, including:

(a)  International activities. (b)  Homeland defense. (c)  Stability operations.
(d)  Cyberspace. (e)  Special operations.
(f)  Low-intensity conflict missions.
c.  Designates representatives to participate in the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee for capabilities developed for EMS-related activities.

## 2.6.  Under Secretary Of Defense For Intelligence And Security.

The Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security:
a.  Serves as the PSA and advisor to the Secretary of Defense and Deputy Secretary of Defense regarding intelligence, counterintelligence, security, sensitive activities, and other intelligence-related matters.  The Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security ensures intelligence support to inform requirements, acquisition, and operations for the EMS
enterprise, in accordance with DoDD 5143.01.

b.  Designates representatives to participate in the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee for capabilities developed for EMS-related activities.

## 2.7.  Under Secretary Of Defense For Personnel And Readiness.

The Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness:
a.  Serves as the PSA to the Secretary of Defense for readiness and training, in accordance with DoDD 1322.18 and must:
(1)  Develop EMS readiness requirements to be incorporated into the Defense Readiness Reporting System, in accordance with DoDD 7730.65.

(2)  Provide policy oversight, guidance, and advice on implementing EMSO, including providing guidance on EMSO training in Service and joint training events.

b.  Designates representatives to participate in the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee for capabilities developed for EMS-related activities.

## 2.8.  Director Of Operational Test And Evaluation.

The Director of Operational Test and Evaluation:
a.  Serves as the PSA and advisor to the Secretary of Defense and Deputy Secretary of Defense for operational test and evaluation.

b.  Issues guidance and procedures for testing of EMS-dependent system operational effectiveness, operational suitability, and survivability within contested and congested EMEs, in accordance with DoDD 5141.02.

c.  Designates representatives to participate in the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee for capabilities developed for EMS-related activities.

## 2.9.  Director Of Cost Assessment And Program Evaluation.

The Director of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation:
a.  Serves as the PSA and advisor to the Secretary of Defense and other senior officials in the DoD for independent cost assessment, program evaluation, and analysis.

b.  Analyzes and evaluates plans, programs, and budgets with respect to EMS dependencies within DoD programs, in accordance with DoDD 5105.84.

## 2.10.  Secretaries Of The Military Departments And Directors Of The Defense Agencies, Excluding Disa.

The Secretaries of the Military Departments and Directors of the Defense Agencies, excluding DISA:

a.  Budget resources to field training and operational systems that enable EMSO.
b.  Organize, train, and equip Service members for operations in contested and congested
EMEs.
c.  Develop or provide EMSO command, control, and coordination capabilities to achieve EMS superiority.

d.  In coordination with the Commander, United States Strategic Command
(CDRUSSTRATCOM) and the CJCS, develop EMS command and control concepts, doctrine, and tactics, techniques, and procedures that can be incorporated in joint operations.
e.  Support the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security in the intelligence activities necessary to support and inform requirements, acquisition, and operations for the EMS enterprise.

f.  Designate representatives to participate the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee for capabilities developed for EMS-related activities, as appropriate.

## 2.11.  Cjcs.

The CJCS:
a.  Serves as the Principal Military Advisor to the President, the Secretary of Defense, and the other members of the National Security Council on joint electromagnetic spectrum operations
(JEMSO).
b.  In coordination with the other DoD Component heads, identifies, assesses, and prioritizes EMS-dependent system requirements in support of operations in contested and congested EMEs.

c.  Incorporates JEMSO considerations into strategic and contingency planning and into force apportionment.
d.  Develops and maintains strategy, policy, and doctrine for JEMSO.

e.  Ensures joint education and training are consistent with JEMSO policy, strategy, and doctrine.
f.  In coordination with the DoD CIO, the USD(R&E), and the USD(A&S), provides oversight of EMS-related capability development to the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee.

## 2.12.  Combatant Commanders.

The Combatant Commanders:

a.  Identify and prioritize EMS command, control, and coordination gaps and requirements. b.  Include joint and coalition use of the EMS into operational planning.
c.  Include EMS command, control, and coordination capabilities into joint and coalition exercises to validate requirements and capabilities.

d.  Support CDRUSSTRATCOM's assessments of JEMSO capabilities.

## 2.13.  Cdrusstratcom.

In addition to the responsibilities in Paragraph 2.12., the CDRUSSTRATCOM:
a.  Coordinates with the other DoD Component heads to identify and prioritize JEMSO
requirements.

b.  Establishes and maintains a JEMSO organization that:

(1)  Provides reach-back support to the other CCMDs.
(2)  Supports CCMD training and planning related to electronic warfare.
(3)  Assesses EMS capability vulnerabilities, development, and the incorporation and evaluation of JEMSO-related tactics, techniques, and procedures in support of warfighter requirements.
c.  Assists the CCMDs and Military Departments in planning, executing, and assessing JEMSO across all domains.

d.  Designates representatives to participate in the Electronic Warfare Executive Committee for capabilities developed for EMS-related activities.



## Glossary G.1.  Acronyms.

ACRONYM
MEANING
CCMD
Combatant Command
CDRUSSTRATCOM
Commander, United States Strategic Command
CJCS
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
DISA
Defense Information Systems Agency
DoD CIO
DoD Chief Information Officer
DoDD
DoD directive
DoDI
DoD instruction
EME
electromagnetic environment
EMS
electromagnetic spectrum
EMSO
electromagnetic spectrum operations
JEMSO
joint electromagnetic spectrum operations
PSA
Principal Staff Assistant
U.S.C.
United States Code
USD(A&S)
Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment
USD(R&E)
Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering


## G.2.  Definitions.

Unless otherwise noted, these terms and their definitions are for the purpose of this issuance.

TERM
DEFINITION
Defined in the DoD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms.
EME EMS-dependent systems
All electronic systems, subsystems, devices, and equipment that depend on the use of the spectrum to properly accomplish their functions without regard to how they were acquired (e.g., full acquisition, rapid acquisition, Joint Concept Technology Demonstration) or procured (e.g., commercial off-the-shelf, government off-the-shelf, non-developmental items).
TERM
DEFINITION


EMS enterprise

The organizing construct consisting of DoD EMS assets, processes, activities and resources required to enable EMS superiority through
the conduct of DoD EMSO.  This includes policy, governance, organization, equipment, procedures, doctrine, information, facilities, training, and material responsibilities to ensure that DoD maintains access and control of EMS across the full spectrum of operations.
EMS superiority
The advantage of dominance in the EMS that permits the conduct of operations at a given time and place without prohibitive interference, while affecting an adversary's ability to do the same.
EMSO
Coordinated military actions to exploit, attack, protect, and manage
the EME.


## References

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, "(U) Joint Concept for Electromagnetic Spectrum
Operations (JCEMSO)," March 18, 20151
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, "Joint Doctrine Note 3-16 Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum
Operations," October 20, 2016
DoD Directive 1322.18, "Military Training," October 3, 2019 DoD Directive 3222.04, "Electronic Warfare (EW) Policy," March 26, 2014, as amended DoD Directive 3600.01, "Information Operations (IO)," May 2, 2013, as amended DoD Directive 5000.01, "The Defense Acquisition System," May 12, 2003, as amended DoD Directive 5100.01, "Functions of the Department of Defense and Its Major Components,"
December 21, 2010
DoD Directive 5105.84, "Director of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation," August 14,
2020
DoD Directive 5141.02, "Director of Operational Test and Evaluation (DOT&E)," February 2,
2009
DoD Directive 5143.01, "Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security (USD
(I&S))," October 24, 2014, as amended
DoD Directive 5144.02, "DoD Chief Information Officer (DoD CIO)," November 21, 2014, as
amended
DoD Directive 7730.65, "Department of Defense Readiness Reporting System (DRRS),"
May 11, 2015, as amended
DoD Instruction 3222.03, "DoD Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) Program,"
August 15, 2014, as amended
DoD Instruction 4650.01, "Policy and Procedures for Management and Use of the
Electromagnetic Spectrum," January 9, 2009, as amended
DoD Instruction 5134.17, "Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Developmental Test and
Evaluation (DASD(DT&E))." October 25, 2011, as amended
DoD Instruction 8320.05, "Electromagnetic Spectrum Data Sharing," August 18, 2011, as
amended
Executive Order 12333, "United States Intelligence Activities," December 4, 1981, as amended Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, "DoD Dictionary of Military and Associated
Terms," current edition
Office of the Department of Defense Chief Information Officer, "DoD Electromagnetic Spectrum Strategy," September 11, 20132
United States Code, Title 10