# Training To Proficiency Maneuver Company And Troop April 2021

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited.

# Headquarters, Department Of The Army

This publication is available at the Army Publishing Directorate site
(http://www.armypubs.army.mil), and the Central Army Registry site
(https://atiam.train.army.mil/catalog/dashboard)

## Training To Proficiency Maneuver Company And Troop Contents

Page
PREFACE........ vii
INTRODUCTION ........ ix
Chapter 1
TACTICAL EXERCISE WITHOUT TROOPS ........ 1-1
Event Overview ........ 1-1 Planning Considerations ........ 1-3 Plan ........ 1-3 Warfighting Function Tasks ........ 1-4 Train the Trainers ........ 1-6 Recon the Site ........ 1-6 Issue the Order ........ 1-6 Rehearse ........ 1-7 Execute ........ 1-7 Evaluate the Training ........ 1-7 Retrain ........ 1-7
Chapter 2
SITUATIONAL TRAINING EXERCISEVIRTUAL ........ 2-1
Event Overview ........ 2-1 Planning Considerations ........ 2-3 Plan ........ 2-3 Scenario Requirements ........ 2-5 Train the Trainers ........ 2-7 Recon the Site ........ 2-7
Issue the Order ........ 2-10 Rehearse ........ 2-10 Execute ........ 2-11 Evaluate the Training ........ 2-11 Retrain ........ 2-12
Chapter 3
SITUATIONAL TRAINING EXERCISE ........ 3-1
Event Overview ........ 3-1 Planning Considerations ........ 3-3 Plan ........ 3-3 Scenario Requirements ........ 3-3 Train the Trainers ........ 3-9 Recon the Site ........ 3-10 Issue the Order ........ 3-12 Rehearse ........ 3-12 Execute ........ 3-13 Evaluate the Training ........ 3-15 Retrain ........ 3-16

## Distribution Restriction: Approved For Public Release, Distribution Is Unlimited.

Figure 3-3. Sequential STX lane rotation, example ........ 3-6 Figure 3-4. Sequential STX lane, example ........ 3-7 Figure 3-5. Rotating task group lane rotation, example ........ 3-8
Figure 3-6. Rotating task groups STX lane ........ 3-9 Figure 3-7. Warfighting function integration, examples ........ 3-11 Figure 3-8. Tactical stressors, examples ........ 3-14 Figure 4-1. Company, Table IV, FTX ........ 4-2 Figure 4-2. Warfighting functions and task integration requirements, Table IV, FTX ........ 4-6 Figure 4-3. Warfighting function integration, examples ........ 4-9 Figure 5-1. Company, Table V, FCX ........ 5-1 Figure 5-2. Integration of warfighting functions and tasks, Table V, FCX ........ 5-5 Figure 6-1. Company, Table VI, CALFEX ........ 6-1 Figure 6-2. Warfighting functions and task integration requirements, Table VI, CALFEX ........ 6-6 Figure 7-1. Table IV, Company and Troop FTX, collective task proficiency ........ 7-1 Figure 7-2. Collective task proficiency external evaluation requirements ........ 7-2 Figure 7-3. Table VI, Company and Troop LFX, live-fire proficiency gate ........ 7-2 Figure 7-4. Live-fire proficiency gate EXEVAL ........ 7-2 Figure 7-5. Company and troop proficiency ........ 7-5 Figure 7-6. Proficient Armor company, example ........ 7-6 Figure 7-7. Unqualified Armor company, example ........ 7-7 Figure 7-8. Proficient company and team, example ........ 7-8 Figure 7-9. Proficient Infantry company, example ........ 7-9 Figure 7-10. Unqualified Infantry company, example........ 7-10 Figure 7-11. Commander mitigation option, example ........ 7-11 Figure 7-12. Proficient SBCT Infantry company, example ........ 7-12 Figure 7-13. Unqualified SBCT Infantry company, example ........ 7-13 Figure 7-14. Commander's talent management options restore unit proficiency, example ........ 7-14 Figure A-1. Authorized weapons, systems, and platforms ........A-2 Figure A-2. Common weapons, systems, and platforms for all BCT formations ........A-3
Figure A-3. Recommended smoke, signals, and grenades ........A-4 Figure A-4. Company and troop recommended simulators ........A-5 Figure A-5. M4 and M16 recommended training munitions ........A-6 Figure A-6. M249AR recommended training munitions ........A-7 Figure A-7. M9/M17/M18 recommended training munitions ........A-7 Figure A-8. Sniper weapon systems recommended training munitions ........A-8 Figure A-9. Crew-served machine gun recommended munitions ........A-9 Figure A-10. M203/M320 low velocity 40-mm recommended munitions ........A-10 Figure A-11. Shotgun recommended munitions ........A-10 Figure A-12. AT-4 and AT-4 CS (confined space) recommended munitions ........A-11 Figure A-13. M3, MAAWS recommended munition types ........A-12 Figure A-14. Javelin recommended munitions ........A-13 Figure A-15. Hand grenade recommended quantities ........A-14
Figure A-16. Cavalry squad recommended demolitions during company collective training ...... A-14 Figure A-17. Recommended demolitions for company collective training ........ A-15 Figure A-18. ABCT weapons, systems, and platforms ........ A-16
Figure A-19. Abrams recommended munitions ........ A-17 Figure A-20. Bradley Fighting Vehicle recommended munitions........ A-18 Figure A-21. Recommended Cavalry mounted machine gun munitions per crew ........ A-19 Figure A-22. Recommended ABCT mortar munitions by formation ........ A-20 Figure A-23. Recommended ABCT field artillery per supporting unit ........ A-21 Figure A-24. SBCT weapons, systems, and platforms ........ A-22 Figure A-25. Stryker ICV or RV recommended munitions ........ A-23 Figure A-26. Stryker MGS recommended munitions ........ A-24 Figure A-27. Recommended Stryker ATGM munitions per crew ........ A-25 Figure A-28. Recommended SBCT mortar munitions by formation ........ A-26 Figure A-29. Recommended SBCT field artillery per supporting unit ........ A-27 Figure A-30. IBCT weapons, systems, and platforms ........ A-28 Figure A-31. Mounted, machine gun platform recommended munitions ........ A-29 Figure A-32. TOW/ITAS recommended munitions ........ A-30 Figure A-33. Recommended IBCT mortar munitions by formation ........ A-31 Figure A-34. Recommended IBCT field artillery per supporting unit ........ A-32 Figure B-1. Developing the training scenario........ B-3
Figure B-2. ABCT, rifle and Armor company mission-essential task training requirements,
example ........ B-5
Figure B-3. SBCT, rifle company mission-essential task training requirements, example ........ B-5
Figure B-4. Anti-armor, weapons company, and troop mission-essential task training
requirements, example ........ B-6
Figure B-5. IBCT rifle company mission essential task training requirements, example ........ B-6
Figure B-6. Mounted and dismounted Cavalry troop mission-essential task training requirements,
example ........ B-7
Figure B-7. Maneuver collective training integration requirements ........ B-9 Figure B-8. Scenario criteria ........ B-10
Figure B-9. Operational environment variable scenario, examples ........ B-11 Figure B-10. Training event environment and conditions cross-reference ........ B-12 Figure B-11. Training resources by table, example ........ B-13 Figure B-12. Targetry increases by ammunition available ........ B-14 Figure B-13. OC/T and radiotelephone operator driver minimum requirements ........ B-17 Figure B-14. Integrating (mission command) enablers during scenario, example ........ B-21 Figure B-15. Integrating (movement and maneuver) enablers during scenario, example ........ B-22 Figure B-16. Integrating (fire support) enablers during scenario, example ........ B-23 Figure B-17. Integrating (intelligence) enablers during scenario, example ........ B-24 Figure B-18. Integrating (protection) enablers during scenario, example ........ B-25 Figure B-19. Integrating (sustainment) enablers during scenario, example ........ B-26 Figure B-20. CALFEX OPORD, single-lane, example ........ B-28
Figure B-21. CALFEX OPORD, single lane, example (continued) ........B-29 Figure B-22. CALFEX, single lane, example ........B-30 Figure B-23. CALFEX lane scenario, single lane, example ........B-31
Figure B-24. CALFEX, multiple lanes, example A ........B-32 Figure B-25. CALFEX lane scenario, multiple lanes, example A ........B-32 Figure B-26. CALFEX, multiple lanes, example B ........B-33 Figure B-27. CALFEX lane scenario, multiple lanes, example B ........B-34

## Tables

None.

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## Preface

TC 3-20.11 provides a detailed description of the maneuver force's training strategy for all company and troop-size formations to achieve fire and maneuver proficiency at home station. TC 3-20.11 includes the purpose of the integrated weapons training strategy, its standard structure, training requirements, the integration of combined arms assets, and resource requirements for the Armored, Infantry, and Stryker brigade combat teams' maneuver elements. This publication provides training principles and techniques for use by units to gain proficiency in engaging and destroying threats efficiently in any operational environment.

This publication includes all the required planning and preparation for a successful unit weapons training program. Where vehicle- or weapon-specific techniques in this training circular conflict with technical manuals (TMs), the readers should follow the procedures in the TM.

The principal audience for TC 3-20.11 is all members of the profession of arms. Commanders and staffs of Army headquarters serving as joint task force or multinational headquarters should also refer to applicable joint or multinational doctrine concerning the range of military operations and joint or multinational forces.

Trainers and educators throughout the Army will also use this publication. Commanders, staffs, and subordinates ensure that their decisions and actions comply with applicable United States, international, and in some cases host-nation laws and regulations. Commanders at all levels ensure that their Service members operate in accordance with the law of war and the rules of engagement. (See FM 6-27.)
TC 3-20.11 uses joint terms where applicable. Selected joint and Army terms and definitions appear in both the glossary and the text. When first defining other proponent definitions in the text, the term is italicized and the number of the proponent publication follows the definition. For the purposes of clarity, Army standard is directly implied when discussing "standard" or "standards." Throughout TC 3-20.11, the use of "company" or "companies" applies to Cavalry troops and company teams.

TC 3-20.11 applies to the Active Army, Army National Guard/Army National Guard of the United States and United States Army Reserve unless otherwise stated.

The proponent of TC 3-20.11 is the United States Army Maneuver Center of Excellence. The preparing agency is the United States Army Maneuver Center of Excellence. Send comments and recommendations on DA Form 2028 (*Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms*) to Commander, Maneuver Center of Excellence, Directorate of Training and Doctrine, Doctrine and Collective Training Division, ATTN: ATZK-TDD, 1 Karker Street, Fort Benning, GA 31905-5410; by email to usarmy.benning.mcoe.mbx.doctrine@mail.mil; or submit an electronic DA Form 2028.

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## Introduction

The principal audience for TC 3-20.11 is commanders, planners, trainers, and master gunners of maneuver units. TC 3-20.11 provides the details of the integrated weapons training strategy (known as IWTS) structure specifically designed for the maneuver companies and troops of the United States Army. This circular provides the training strategy for the maneuver commander to train, evaluate, and assess their unit's overall proficiency at home station. The maneuver company and troop training strategy include only the critical training events to build readiness at echelon using the integrated weapons training strategy's standard training structure. The standardized strategy synchronizes with the Army's force generation model (sustainable readiness model) and provides detailed training requirements to maneuver units.
The maneuver company and troop training strategy maximize the simulations, training aids, devices, simulators, simulations, and live-fire events capabilities in a systematic manner to increase and sustain Soldier unit proficiency, effectiveness, and lethality. The training strategy is capability based (unit, subordinate unit, and integrated warfighting functions) and maximizes the training resources available across the force. The strategy synchronizes with echelon-based proficiency gates within the sustainable readiness model and meets the training proficiency aim points and standards for a ready and capable force.
The maneuver company and troop training strategy encompass all critical training that builds a unit's ability to move, shoot, and communicate effectively and efficiently. Although the unit conducts other training as part of their training plan, the critical training path includes only those events that are conducted to ensure the maximum experience is achieved or gained by the trained Soldier, subordinate elements, integrated warfighting functions, and the unit. Higher echelon and subordinate element training strategies are defined in their respective echelon-based training publications as part of the IWTS structure as described in TC 3-20.0. This training circular describes the training requirements for all maneuver company and troop training events necessary and resourced to achieve proficiency. This TC includes general information concerning multi-echelon training events and opportunities, where appropriate. The terms defined below are used frequently in this TC:


A *company* is a unit consisting of two or more platoons, usually of the same type, with a
headquarters and a limited capacity for self-support (ADP 3-90).

A *troop* is a company-size unit in a Cavalry organization (ADP 3-90).

A *company team* is a combined arms organization formed by attaching one or more nonorganic
Armor, mechanized Infantry, Stryker Infantry, or light Infantry platoons to a tank, mechanized
Infantry, Stryker, or Infantry company, either in exchange for, or in addition to, its organic
platoons (ADP 3-90).
The following figure (page xii) illustrates the entire maneuver company and troop training strategy structure.

The training strategy described within this publication follows the standard training structure found in TC 3-20.0 and synchronizes with the training principles found in FM 7-0.

This TC describes each of the training events for Tables I through VI for the maneuver company and troop. The process of determining if a company-size maneuver unit retains its proficiency rating is included in this TC. Further, this TC provides the guidelines for building integrated training scenarios and events.

## Chapter Focus

The chapters in this TC provide an overview of the training event, the training event definition, the purpose, method, and end state of the training, and a guide to plan, prepare, execute, and assess each event. An additional chapter details methods to manage the proficiency of the maneuver unit once the Soldiers achieve proficiency.

## Chapter 1 Table I, Tactical Exercise Without Troops

Chapter 1 describes the company-level tactical exercise without troops (known as TEWT), the purpose, method, and end state of the event based on the commander's objectives. The chapter provides general information for the company commander to plan, prepare, execute, and assess the event using the eight-step training model.

## Chapter 2 - Table Ii, Situational Training ExerciseVirtual

Chapter 2 describes the company-level situational training exercise-virtual (known as STX-V) using virtual training systems. The chapter includes the purpose, method, and end state of the event based on the commander's objectives. It provides general information for the company commander to plan, prepare, execute, and assess the event using the eight-step training model.

## Chapter 3 - Table Iii, Situational Training Exercise

Chapter 3 describes the company-level situational training exercise (known as STX) using various training aids, devices, simulators, and simulations (known as TADSS) and includes the purpose, method, and end state of the event based on the commander's objectives. Chapter 3 provides general information for the company commander to plan, prepare, execute, and assess the event using the eight-step training model. Chapter 3 describes the requirements for training, integrating warfighting functions, and other planning considerations.

## Chapter 4 - Table Iv, Field Training Exercise

Chapter 4 describes the company-level field training exercise (FTX) using various TADSS and includes the purpose, method, and end state of the event based on the unit's mission-essential tasks. The chapter provides general information for the battalion to plan, prepare, execute, and assess the event using the operations process. Chapter 4 describes the requirements for training, integrating warfighting functions, and the external evaluation (known as EXEVAL) requirements to meet the collective task proficiency gate.

## Chapter 5 - Table V, Fire Coordination Exercise

Chapter 5 describes the company-level fire coordination exercise (known as FCX), and includes the purpose, method, and end state of the event based on the unit's mission-essential tasks and critical synchronization tasks. Chapter 5 provides general information for the battalion to plan, prepare, execute, and assess the event using the operations process.

## Chapter 6 - Table Vi, Combined Arms Live-Fire Exercise

Chapter 6 describes the company-level combined arms live-fire exercise (known as CALFEX), and includes the purpose, method, and end state of the event based on the unit's mission-essential tasks. The chapter provides general information for the battalion to plan, prepare, execute, and assess the event using the operations process. Chapter 6 describes the requirements for training, integrating warfighting functions, and the EXEVAL requirements to meet the live-fire proficiency gate.

## Chapter 7 - Sustaining Company Proficiency

Chapter 7 describes how maneuver units manage their proficiency ratings over time after achieving proficiency. The chapter includes topics for commanders to consider that directly affects their proficiency ratings such as personnel changes, loss of subordinate qualification ratings, evaluation expiration, and changes to their mission.

## Appendices Focus

The various appendices in this TC provide a guide to units as they build their collective training plan to achieve mission-essential task proficiency. They identify


The recommended training munitions, pyrotechnics, and simulators to conduct each event.

Mission-essential task proficiency, gate requirements, and evaluations.

Warfighting function integration requirements and examples.

Range facility, TADSS, training area, and other enablers that support the unit's training.
The appendices provide a guide to develop the various training events effectively and efficiently, and outline the minimum tasks, actions, integration, conditions, and standards to achieve.

## Appendix A - Ammunition

This appendix describes the recommended training ammunition, pyrotechnics, simulators, and other munitions that support the company training strategy. Appendix A provides a detailed listing of munitions by weapon, system, or platform, and includes various planning considerations.

## Appendix B - Building Collective Training

Appendix B describes the integration requirements that support the company training strategy. Appendix B provides planning considerations, scenario requirements, and a detailed list of specific warfighting function elements that should be incorporated into the various training events.

## Appendix C - Collective Evaluation

This appendix provides general information to evaluate collective training. Appendix C provides an overview of training and evaluation outlines and their use during collective training. This appendix also establishes and provides the evaluation criteria for live-fire proficiency.

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## Chapter 1 Tactical Exercise Without Troops

Chapter 1 discusses the requirements of the exercises in Company, Table I, Tactical Exercise Without Troops (TEWT). This chapter describes how Company, Table I
integrates into the unit training plan following the structure of the integrated weapons training strategy (known as IWTS). This chapter provides descriptive guidelines for the exercises listed in Company, Table I, and provides the purpose, method, and end state for the training event.
A tactical exercise without troops (known as TEWT) is a pre-live-fire leader training event of the commander's design. The TEWT focuses on the capabilities, function, standard operating procedures (SOPs), tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) that the unit employs to achieve its mission-essential tasks.

## Event Overview

1-1. Company, Table I, verifies that the subordinate leaders understand the commander's intent for how the unit operates tactically, and the tactics the commander wishes to employ during tactical operations. Figure 1-1
shows the location of the company TEWT within the overall maneuver company training strategy. The figure details the number of days authorized for the event, as well as the total days of training remaining in the strategy to achieve live-fire proficiency. Figure 1-1 illustrates the collective task proficiency and the live-fire proficiency gates (known as LFPGs) for reference.

1-2. Company, Table I, TEWT, provides the commander with a training event that educates their key leaders and Soldiers, synchronizes unit processes and procedures with the higher organization on those standardized procedures, and assists in validating the unit SOP and their associated TTP as the unit progresses through their unit training plan. Company, Table I, provides commanders with an assessment of their subordinate's understanding of those standards, how they apply to their task and purpose, and how they relate to the higher headquarters mission and function.

1-3. During Company, Table I, TEWT, key leaders must demonstrate knowledge proficiency on their supporting collective tasks and basic tactical tasks, communications skills, and collective engagement techniques through demonstrated performance with a reduced force. The event provides the commander with a means to instruct and reinforce the company SOPs, doctrine concepts, and TTP to achieve mastery of the unit's mission-essential task. Table I is a prerequisite to any company or troop collective live-fire training.

1-4. The purpose  of Company, Table I, TEWT, is to provide the commander with an informal assessment of all assigned or attached key leaders (generally staff sergeant and above) on their understanding of how the organization executes their mission essential, critical, or specified tasks to complete the unit's assigned missions.

1-5. The commander uses the TEWT as a resourced event to instruct mission essential and supporting collective tasks to their subordinate units. The TEWT enables the commander to conduct an initial assessment of their unit's understanding of their mission essential, critical, and specified tasks, as well as to determine the quality and effectiveness of the unit SOP. The TEWT provides the commander with a method to assess how well the subordinate units understand their movement and maneuver roles and responsibilities, and how the commander intends to tactically employ the organization required to achieve mission-essential task proficiency.

1-6. Table I is a commander-defined training event that units conduct at a suitable training area with the appropriate equipment, weapons, and platforms. Units complete Table I between T-6 and T-execution (T-X)
of the live-fire training event.

Note. Table I is commander-defined, designed, and implemented. This allows the commander to focus on the mission-essential tasks, supporting collective tasks, command training guidance, and other critical training.

1-7. Ninety percent of the subordinate leaders (staff sergeants and above) must successfully complete the training in Table I to the commander's satisfaction in accordance with TC 3-20.0. The members of the organization successfully demonstrated in a live environment, at a reduced tempo, the mission essential, critical, and directed tasks the organization is expected to conduct during combat or deployed operations. Leaders must adequately demonstrate to the commander's satisfaction their knowledge of the functions of the higher headquarters staff, common procedures, drills, battle tasks, and collective tasks required of their rank and experience.

## Planning Considerations

1-8. The exercise listed in Company, Table I, TEWT, is a rehearsal of how the training element will conduct terrain analysis, unit and weapon emplacement, scheme of maneuver, and operations planning using subordinate leaders. The exercise in Table I is a commander-designed scenario using orders, graphics and control measures, verbal and non-verbal actions, and effective decision-making that specifically teach and train the supporting collective tasks and mission-essential tasks without full unit involvement. The commander's scenario focuses on the critical skills of mission command, integrating warfighting functions, maneuver, fire control and distribution, and synchronization for the unit to achieve proficiency and reinforce its SOPs. The company commander uses the unit's tactical SOPs and the applicable training and evaluation outlines to guide and assess the unit during Table I.

## Plan

1-9. Company, Table I, TEWT, is mandatory for all key leaders (generally, assigned staff sergeants and above) prior to any collective live-fire event where they are


Assigned as a member of the company and troop.

Attached as a member of a specialty unit.

The key leader of a cross-attachment.
1-10. The TEWT is resourced for three iterations of a single-day event per company-size unit during the fiscal year (active component). Commanders can combine the training days to support their training plan. Leaders should make every attempt to conduct Table I prior to Tables II and III to apply the information learned during Table I appropriately during follow-on training events, reinforcing the unit's SOP across the unit training plan.

1-11. To plan a successful Company, Table I, TEWT, commanders must consider their goals and objectives to achieve overall mission-essential task proficiency. Commanders should be familiar with the event's framework during the planning process as follows:


Prerequisites. There are no directed prerequisites for Company, Table I. Commanders should
include sufficient training time for leaders to instruct their leaders on the contents of the unit SOP,
and utilize various other learning events (leader professional development instruction, sand tables,
virtual battle space, and so forth) prior to execution. Leaders should reinforce these learning events
during squad and platoon level training, which provides subordinate leaders with a common
understanding of how the elements integrate into the company or troop-level TEWT.

Table duration. Company, Table I is conducted between T-6 and T-execution of the company
live-fire event.

Environment and conditions. Units conduct Company, Table I in a live environment that is in a
field setting that is typically in an appropriate size training area. This event may include the use
of utility vehicles to replicate crew platforms and small units.

Training days required. Successful completion of Company, Table I may require up to three
separate iterations of 1 training day per company. The commander determines the training leading up to the event based on training task requirements found in the Combined Arms Training Strategy
(CATS) and the commander's assessment of the unit's level of proficiency. Units may use all
authorized training days in one event or create multiple events in any manner the commander
deems necessary.

Frequency. Company, Table I is conducted a minimum of once per year prior to company and
troop live-fire training events.

Throughput. The event includes sufficient time to conduct tactical reviews, discussions, and reduced-tempo execution of the unit's mission-essential tasks and critical supporting tasks.

Primary and alternate facilities. Commanders should request sufficient training area space for a
reduced force, reduced tempo, tactical movement and maneuver to instruct leaders through the
unit's execution of their mission-essential tasks and select critical tasks. The training area should
easily support full range distances for offensive and defensive operations.
1-12. Table I should focus on the mission-essential tasks and collective tasks that commanders train and evaluate to achieve proficiency. Commanders should create their Table I using the task sets that support the mission-essential tasks they execute during the unit's training plan. This provides the commander with the ability to


Validate maneuver unit SOPs and collective TTP.

Validate subordinate unit or element SOPs, as applicable.

Focus on critical tasks that directly affect the unit's mission success.

Ensure the unit understands how warfighting functions integrate into their scheme of maneuver.

Support command training guidance at platoon and company level early in the training plan.

Train target hand-off tasks.

Train commander selected tasks, basic tactical tasks, and enabling tactical tasks.

## Warfighting Function Tasks

1-13. All maneuver company types train and test tasks for Table I. Commanders should focus their training on the tasks indicated in figure 1-2. The tasks listed in figure 1-2 depict how commanders should train and evaluate the warfighting functions throughout the company's collective training events. The warfighting functions are


Mission command.

Movement and maneuver.

Fire support.

Intelligence.

Protection.

Sustainment.
1-14. Commanders use the warfighting functions to help them exercise command and control. A warfighting function is a group of tasks and systems (people, organizations, information, and processes) united by a common purpose that commanders use to accomplish missions and training objectives. All warfighting functions possess scalable capabilities to mass lethal and nonlethal effects.

Note. Commanders may choose to integrate specific warfighting function tasks during Table I, TEWT that can significantly increase the company's proficiency for Table IV, FTX and Table VI, Combine Arms Live-fire Exercise (known as CALFEX) evaluations. The commander may also elect to integrate additional tasks listed within figure 1-2 that are deemed beneficial to the company training in order to obtain the proficiency level on the desired tasks selected by the commander.

In doing so, this enables a unit to maximize training opportunities on commander-selected tasks using a progressive training model needed to achieve the desired end state prior to evaluation.

For example, during a one-day TEWT at a local training site upon issue of the company operation order (OPORD), the commander conducts a backbrief with subordinate leaders on the available indirect fire assets and their capabilities prior to execution of the rehearsal. The unit then rehearses the company's scheme of maneuver plan by walking through each phase of the operation for each subordinate element. During the rehearsal, the commander incorporates a "troops in contact" scenario to reinforce the subordinate leader's ability to execute tactical decision-making during operations. The platoon in contact then coordinates for notional indirect fire support with field artillery assets to defeat the threat injected by the commander. The commander chooses to execute the same scenario for each platoon at a pre-selected phase throughout the rehearsal.

| MISSION COMMAND                           | SQUAD                                           |
|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
| SECTION                                   |                                                 |
| Graphics Overlay                          | Required                                        |
| OPORD                                     | Required                                        |
| FRAGORD                                   | Optional                                        |
| Conduct a Rehearsal                       | Required                                        |
| Operate a Command Post                    | Required                                        |
| MOVEMENT AND MANEUVER                     |                                                 |
| Engineers                                 | Required                                        |
| Breach Obstacle (Offense)                 | Required                                        |
| Integrate Obstacle (Defense)              | Required                                        |
| Direct Fire Support                       | Required                                        |
| Employ Snipers                            | Required                                        |
| Special Purpose Weapons*                  | Minimum 1                                       |
| Conduct Quartering Party Activities       | Optional                                        |
| Conduct a Dismounted Tactical Road March* | Required                                        |
| Conduct a Mounted Tactical Road March**   | Required                                        |
| Occupy an Assembly Area                   | Optional                                        |
| Conduct Tactical Movement                 | Required                                        |
| FIRE SUPPORT                              |                                                 |
| Close Air Support                         | Optional                                        |
| Attack Aviation                           | Optional                                        |
| Field Artillery                           | Required                                        |
| Mortars (Company or Battalion)            | Required                                        |
| Air Defense or Counterfire                | Optional                                        |
| INTELLIGENCE                              |                                                 |
| UAS/UGS                                   | Required                                        |
| Digital Icon Population                   | Required                                        |
| Digital Reports                           | Required                                        |
| PROTECTION                                |                                                 |
| CBRN                                      | Optional                                        |
| Maintain Operational Security             | Required                                        |
| Perform Field Sanitation Functions        | Optional                                        |
| Conduct Risk Management                   | Required                                        |
| SUSTAINMENT                               |                                                 |
| CASEVAC                                   | Required                                        |
| MEDEVAC                                   | Required                                        |
| Conduct Consolidation and Reorganization  | Required                                        |
| Conduct LOGPAC Support                    | Required                                        |
| *Dismounted units only                    |                                                 |
| **Mounted units only                      |                                                 |
| Legend                                    |                                                 |
| CASEVAC                                   | casualty evacuation                             |
| CBRN                                      | chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear |
| FRAGORD fragmentary order                 | UAS                                             |
| LOGPAC                                    | logistics package                               |
and PLATOON
COMPANY
and TROOP

## Train The Trainers

1-15. Units execute Table I in a variety of ways. Typically, each platoon conducts preparatory training independently prior to the company TEWT. The commander may elect to use Platoon, Table I, and the Company, Table I to train the platoon as a concurrent, multi-echelon event. The primary trainer is the battalion commander and company commander, with the platoon leaders, platoon sergeants, first sergeant, and executive officer providing oversight and assistance as necessary.

1-16. The commander must provide the unit's leadership with the unit SOP, tactical SOP, the selected high-payoff collective tasks for training and evaluation, and their respective training and evaluation outline. The platoon leadership is responsible to train their platoons on why and how the unit conducts the collective tasks to support the unit's mission-essential task.

1-17. Table I provides a method of assessing their subordinate leader's understanding of the unit's SOP, task, purpose, mission-essential tasks, and tactical employment. Leaders use the information in Table I to develop, update, instruct, and evaluate their subordinate and attached Soldiers to fight as a maneuver company within the battalion.

1-18. Units should include the higher headquarters staff and specialty elements (mortars, scouts, sniper teams, and so forth) into the training event when possible. This allows the subordinate leaders to understand the battalion or squadron's staff functions, processes, and procedures to broaden their knowledge of the unit's operations and capabilities.

## Recon The Site

1-19. The company TEWT requires a training area sufficient in size to support the reduced force at a reduced tempo. The company TEWT should include the ability to walk the terrain of both Company, Table IV, FTX and Table VI, CALFEX for the upcoming training events. Depending on the method used to instruct and assess the key leaders on the execution of their critical tasks, commanders should consider using


All-terrain vehicles.

Pyrotechnics, markers, and simulators.

General instruction classroom facilities located near the training area for terrain board, instruction, and after action reviews (AARs).
1-20. Once the method of training and evaluation is established, commanders should secure the training location and appropriate training aids, devices, simulators, and simulations (known as TADSS), equipment, or systems that enhance the training event. Units must confirm the training location is sufficient to accommodate the number of Soldiers and vehicles attending training, multiple iterations, or rotations, and provide a retraining capability.

## Issue The Order

1-21. Commanders can issue an OPORD, warning order (WARNORD), or use the training schedule as necessary. The order should include the list of tasks that the commander plans to assess during the event, as well as the method of maneuver, resources required, and specific instructions to the subordinate key leaders.

1-22. Commanders should provide sufficient time for subordinate leaders to effectively train those tasks and skills prior to the TEWT, and ensure the appropriate training resources are available and accessible. Upon receipt, subordinate leaders that have SOPs for their organizations must ensure their procedures support and complement the higher headquarters' publication.

1-23. Typically, the unit training schedule provides all the information required for the subordinate units to initiate movement and begin planning their preparatory training as appropriate. Commanders provide WARNORDs and fragmentary orders (FRAGORDs) during the company training meetings as necessary.

## Rehearse

1-24. The unit conducts a rehearsal of the TEWT with all training resources, materials, and equipment available. During the rehearsal, commanders ensure their unit has sufficient time to train to the specified standard. Commanders should plan terrain board rehearsals, map reconnaissance, and other low-impact preparatory training to support the rehearsal.

1-25. The rehearsal also provides the commander with an opportunity to verify that the tasks selected for Table I are consistent with the tasks, actions, and TTP of the higher organization. The rehearsal provides an opportunity for the commander to synchronize the unit SOP with the tactical SOP of their gaining unit for maneuver units that are expected to cross-attach to an external unit.

1-26. Use of a terrain model or sand table is encouraged to ensure the Soldiers have a comprehensive understanding of the task, their specific actions, and those of their squad, section, or platoon as part of the larger organization.

1-27. Regardless of the formation type, the SOP instruction must include the procedures, tasks, or assignments to conduct the supporting collective tasks, critical tasks, and tactical reporting requirements for the unit to build proficiency prior to the situational training exercise-virtual (known as STX-V), situational training exercise (known as STX), FTX, and live-fire events during the upcoming training density.

## Execute

1-28. Table I consists of a commander-developed assessment. The method of the assessment is at the commander's discretion. Units complete Table I between T-6 through T-X (active component and reserve component).

1-29. Units are resourced 3 total training days to conduct the TEWT during the fiscal or training year. The commander may combine these days into one single TEWT or multiple events based on their training plan.

## Evaluate The Training

1-30. Commanders should follow the appropriate training and evaluation outlines as a guide to the assessment of their subordinate key leaders. Used in conjunction with the unit SOP, the training and evaluation outlines identify critical shortfalls in the execution of the supporting collective tasks that impede the unit's success.

1-31. Soldiers within the organization and those attached to it receive the training and evaluation on their understanding, comprehension, and retention of the information. At the completion of Table I, key leaders discuss with their senior leader any shortcomings, gaps, or disconnects between SOPs by echelon and determine any corrective actions.

1-32. Once Table I is completed, the small unit SOP (with corrections as necessary) is provided to the unit commander for review and record. The commander identifies the key leaders that require additional training and the specific tasks that require attention.

## Retrain

1-33. Leaders that fail to demonstrate the minimum understanding of the unit SOP and the tasks associated with the mission-essential tasks and how they support those tasks are provided additional training.

Commanders assess each subordinate unit, identify specific leader's training requirements, and direct a re-training plan as necessary. Commanders re-assess subordinates upon completion of the retraining efforts through a method of their choosing.

1-34. During retraining, the units should focus on tasks where the leaders failed to demonstrate knowledge or proficiency based on the training and evaluation outlines and unit SOP. Units should also consider retraining associated, supporting collective tasks and drills such that the leader's understanding is reinforced by using a holistic scenario. This enables the leader to develop a more complete understanding of the task and performance measures and highlights critical second and third-order effects.



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## Chapter 2 Situational Training ExerciseVirtual

This chapter describes the requirements of Company, Table II, Situational Training Exercise-Virtual (STX-V), and how the exercises integrate into the unit training plan following the structure of the IWTS (see figure 2-1). Chapter 2 provides descriptive guidelines for Company, Table II, and provides the purpose, method, and end state for the training event.

The STX-V is a short, scenario-driven, mission-oriented tactical exercise that trains a single, collective task or a group of related battle drills and collective tasks within a virtual environment.

## Event Overview

2-1. STX-Vs provide the leader with a method to train and practice specific tasks using doctrinally approved TTP, and reinforce the use and validation of their unit SOPs. Although mission oriented (based on the higher headquarters OPORD), a STX-V is not used to train all tasks required for an operation. STX-Vs require leader tasks (such as planning, controlling, and reporting) that build unit proficiency that enables execution of mission essential, supporting, and critical tasks on demand during operations.

2-2. Company, Table II, STX-V (see figure 2-1) is a pre-live fire, virtual environment training event that serves to build unit proficiency in specific, commander determined critical tasks that directly support the unit's mission-essential tasks. The STX-V provides the commander with multiple, virtual iterations of missions and tasks that reinforce the TTP the unit employs to execute its missions. Commanders use their unit SOP and the appropriate training and evaluation outlines to develop subordinate leaders' and elements'
movement and maneuver, and to a limited degree, their marksmanship lethality.

2-3. STX-V events use commander-developed scenarios in a virtual environment that includes the following:

Soldiers, crews, and subordinate units.

Employment of virtual simulations or weapons and systems.

Training at a real or accelerated tempo.

Virtual training space.

Exceptional after action review (AAR) capability.

## Purpose

2-4. The purpose of the exercise in Company, Table II, STX-V ensures the unit's assigned and attached subordinate elements demonstrate proficiency in a virtual environment of commander-selected, critical, supporting collective tasks. STX-V enables the unit to execute their mission-essential tasks properly.

Company, Table II, provides a virtual learning environment for leaders to synchronize and execute fire and maneuver, integrate indirect and direct fires, execute critical tasks, and complete various combat reporting requirements prior to conducting the tasks in a live environment.

2-5. The exercises in Company, Table II, STX-V serve as a prerequisite for all collective, company-level, live-fire events. The event may be integrated into a higher echelon constructive training event, such as a command post exercise or fire coordination exercise (known as FCX).

## Method

2-6. The method of the exercise in Table II, STX-V uses a simulated, virtual environment that is immersive in nature to train, assess, and retrain collective units on tactical maneuver, movement, and engagement techniques at a reduced, full, or accelerated tempo. The exercise in Table II uses commander-defined scenarios to replicate the appropriate stimulus to subordinate units. The scenario inspires a reaction from the units that includes the timely and accurate execution of their mission essential, critical, collective, and individual tasks. The commander-designed scenario includes sufficient tactical stimulus to train and evaluate subordinate units operating as a cohesive formation in a virtual battlespace.

2-7. The exercise in Table II, STX-V is required for each assigned or attached subordinate unit, conducted between T-6 and T-X of the live-fire training event or density. For formations that do not have a simulation system, commanders should use the time to conduct the training in a live environment at a reduced tempo with the formation using their assigned equipment.

## End State

2-8. In a virtual environment, the company, with its subordinate assigned or attached elements, has successfully demonstrated their ability to execute mission essential, critical, or directed tasks or battle tasks that the organization is expected to conduct during combat or deployed operations. The commander successfully instructs the mission essential and supporting collective tasks, validates the subordinate unit's SOP, reinforces previous mission-essential task training, and builds confidence with the unit by integrating warfighting functions and enablers.

2-9. The commander is satisfied with their subordinate's ability to execute all supporting collective and battle tasks that directly support the unit's mission-essential tasks. The unit's SOPs are updated as appropriate.

## Planning Considerations

2-10. The exercise listed in Company, Table II, STX-V, is a simulation-based demonstration of employing the element to its primary capabilities. The exercise is a commander-designed scenario using authorized simulations systems that specifically teach and train the supporting collective tasks and mission-essential tasks for the unit. The commander's scenario focuses on the critical skills of mission command, integrating warfighting functions, maneuver, fire control and distribution, and synchronization for the unit to achieve proficiency. The company commander uses the unit's tactical SOPs and the applicable training and evaluation outlines to guide and assess the unit during Table II. STX-V.

2-11. The following paragraphs provide a guide to developing Table II, STX-V events using the eight-step training model. Units typically develop and execute this training with limited support from their higher headquarters.

## Plan

2-12. Table II, STX-V is for all subordinate units and elements within the company prior to any collective live-fire event. This training event is required for all subordinate units that are assigned or attached to the company as a


Maneuver element.

Enabling specialty unit.

Warfighting function small unit.
2-13. Each company is authorized a minimum of 5 training days (40 hours) per year to conduct Table II, STX-V training. Leaders should make every attempt to conduct a minimum of one 8-hour, single day iteration of Table II, STX-V prior to Table III, Situational Training Exercise (STX).

Note. The company SOP should integrate and directly support the battalion and brigade SOPs. These SOPs, maneuver doctrine, and the associated training and evaluation outlines are primary references during the execution of Company and Troop, Tables I through VI.

2-14. For planning purposes, commanders should consider the following information when building their Table II, STX-V scenario for training:


Prerequisites. The Table II exercise does not have any directed prerequisites. Commanders may
elect to conduct Table II as a multi-echelon event and integrate Platoon Table II, Platoon STX-V
to maximize the training benefit and resources. It is recommended that subordinate leaders (squad
and platoon) participate in the company and troop-level TEWT prior to execution of their Table II,
STX-V training.

Table duration. At least one 8-hour iteration of Table II is conducted between T-6 and T-execution
of the company-level live-fire event. Companies should maximize their use of their available
virtual systems in garrison prior to entering the field portion of their training plan.

Environment and conditions. Units conduct Table II in the virtual environment on an approved
virtual or simulations system. Units that do not have a primary virtual system may conduct Table II
with TADSS in a live environment in a suitable size training area. When possible, units should
replicate the same terrain and environment that will be utilized during the live-fire events during
their simulation training.

Training days required. Units are provided a minimum of 5 training days per company for
collective simulations training. Training time is provided across the fiscal year or training year. Commanders must include at least one, 8-hour iteration of Table II between T-6 and T-X.

Frequency. Table II is conducted prior to company live-fire training as directed by the higher
headquarters. Most units complete Table II once per year, unless multiple company-size, live-fire
densities are scheduled across the fiscal year or training year. The CATS resources 5, 8-hour
training days for company-level STX-V events.

Throughput. Commanders should use systems that accommodate their entire organization with
associated attached enablers to maximize the virtual system's capabilities.

Primary and alternate virtual systems. Figure 2-2, page 2-4, lists primary and alternate virtual
systems that support tactical scenarios.
2-15. Table II trains the mission-essential tasks and supporting collective tasks critical to the tactical success of the company. Commanders should create their Table II using the universal task list and task sets that support the company mission-essential tasks. Focus should be on critical tasks necessary to achieve proficiency when executing their mission-essential tasks. This provides the commander with the ability to


Focus on critical tasks that directly affect the unit's mission success.

Ensure the unit understands how warfighting functions integrate into their scheme of maneuver.

Support command training guidance at the platoon and company level early in the training plan.

## Scenario Requirements

2-16. Commanders develop STX-V scenarios based on their assessment of the unit's tactical proficiency, command training guidance, and critical collective tasks that directly affect the success of the company to accomplish its mission. Commanders select all the tasks trained during Table II and create a virtual training scenario that replicates the threat and sets realistic conditions to replicate the appropriate initiation of the collective tasks.

2-17. The virtual system's operating staff develops the scenario to leverage the training system's variety of capabilities. Commanders include enablers and specialty units available within the battalion into their scenarios when practical.

2-18. Commanders design their scenarios in multiple lanes, phases, or stages, where each portion of the scenario trains one or two supporting collective tasks of a mission-essential task in a progressive manner.

Successful completion of each lane (based on the commander's assessment using the SOP and training and evaluation outlines as guides) moves the formation tactically to the next lane.

2-19. Commanders brief the training audience on the tasks for each lane for Table II. This builds their proficiency such that they execute the tasks based on tactical situations on demand based intuitively during Tables IV, V, and VI, respectively.

2-20. Table II scenarios include training on commander-selected tasks specific to the warfighting functions listed in figure 2-3, page 2-6. Commanders integrate these tasks as appropriate across the STX-V lanes as logically and as frequently as practical. Commanders should include multiple repetitions of those selected tasks during both the day and night phase of the training scenario.

2-21. Each warfighting function includes optional or required tasks that commanders integrate into their training scenario. For special purpose weapons, commanders determine the number of iterations the special purpose weapons are integrated for both day and night. Commanders select from the special purpose weapons available to them. The commanders determine the use of the special purpose weapons depending on the scenario.

2-22. Commanders integrate the tasks as appropriate where deemed most beneficial. The units integrate warfighting functions during limited and unlimited visibility conditions across the entire Table II training scenario event, not on each maneuver task trained.

Note. Commanders may choose to integrate specific warfighting function tasks during Table II, STX-V that can significantly increase the company's proficiency for Table IV, FTX and Table VI, CALFEX evaluations. The commander may also elect to integrate additional tasks listed within figure 2-3, page 2-6, that are deemed beneficial to the company training to obtain the proficiency level on the desired tasks selected by the commander. In doing so, this enables a unit to maximize training opportunities on commander-selected tasks using a progressive training model needed to achieve the desired end sate prior to evaluation.

For example, during a five-day, Table II, STX-V with the close combat tactical trainer, the commander selects call for indirect fire during the company attack day phase where they identify a subordinate platoon receiving priority of fires. On day three of the STX-V, the commander includes training for each subordinate platoon to conduct a call-for-fire illumination mission. Call for fire is incorporated into the training during the STX-V day operations (high explosive [HE] and smoke) and night operations (illumination).

| MISSION COMMAND                           | SQUAD                                           |
|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
| SECTION                                   |                                                 |
| Graphics Overlay                          | Required                                        |
| OPORD                                     | Required                                        |
| FRAGORD                                   | Optional                                        |
| Conduct a Rehearsal                       | Required                                        |
| Operate a Command Post                    | Required                                        |
| MOVEMENT AND MANEUVER                     |                                                 |
| Engineers                                 | Required                                        |
| Breach Obstacle (Offense)                 | Required                                        |
| Integrate Obstacle (Defense)              | Required                                        |
| Direct Fire Support                       | Required                                        |
| Employ Snipers                            | Optional                                        |
| Special Purpose Weapons*                  | Minimum 1                                       |
| Conduct Quartering Party Activities       | Optional                                        |
| Conduct a Dismounted Tactical Road March* | Required                                        |
| Conduct a Mounted Tactical Road March**   | Required                                        |
| Occupy an Assembly Area                   | Optional                                        |
| Conduct Tactical Movement                 | Required                                        |
| FIRE SUPPORT                              |                                                 |
| Close Air Support                         | Optional                                        |
| Attack Aviation                           | Optional                                        |
| Field Artillery                           | Required                                        |
| Mortars (Company or Battalion)            | Required                                        |
| Air Defense or Counterfire                | Optional                                        |
| INTELLIGENCE                              |                                                 |
| UAS/UGS                                   | Required                                        |
| Digital Icon Population                   | Required                                        |
| Digital Reports                           | Required                                        |
| PROTECTION                                |                                                 |
| CBRN                                      | Required                                        |
| Maintain Operational Security             | Required                                        |
| Perform Field Sanitation Functions        | Optional                                        |
| Conduct Risk Management                   | Required                                        |
| SUSTAINMENT                               |                                                 |
| CASEVAC                                   | Required                                        |
| MEDEVAC                                   | Required                                        |
| Conduct Consolidation and Reorganization  | Required                                        |
| Conduct LOGPAC Support                    | Required                                        |
| *Dismounted units only                    |                                                 |
| **Mounted units only                      |                                                 |
| Legend                                    |                                                 |
| CASEVAC                                   | casualty evacuation                             |
| CBRN                                      | chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear |
| FRAGORD                                   | fragmentary order                               |
| LOGPAC                                    | logistics package                               |
and PLATOON
COMPANY
and TROOP

## Train The Trainers

2-23. Units execute Company, Table II in a variety of ways. Typically, each platoon conducts training independently prior to the Company, Table II. The primary trainers are the battalion and company commander with the platoon leaders, platoon sergeants, first sergeant, and the executive officer providing assistance as necessary. The battalion commander assesses the performance of the company and the company or troop commander assesses the subordinate unit's performance.

2-24. The commander must ensure the subordinate platoon leadership has the unit SOP or tactical SOPs, the selected high-payoff collective tasks for training and evaluation, and their respective training and evaluation outlines. The platoon leadership is responsible to train their platoons on why and how the unit conducts the supporting collective and battle tasks to support the unit's mission-essential task.

2-25. Training in preparation for Table II is designed for the section or platoon key leaders to instruct the contents and purpose, and how the Soldier uses the unit's tactical SOPs. Each assigned or attached member of the small unit is evaluated on the content, procedures, actions, and use of the unit SOP through their demonstrated performance of those tasks within the simulation system.

2-26. Commanders conduct a briefing of the event to illustrate how the unit should execute the STX-V
scenarios. Units prepare the trainers by providing the following:


Commander's training objectives.

Scenario and lane concept with collective tasks to be trained.

Rules of engagement for the training event.

Review of the training and evaluation outlines of all the tasks to be trained.

Review of supporting and individual tasks that directly support or complement the supporting collective tasks.

Information and timing of scenarios or lanes where key warfighting functions are integrated.

Risk assessment.

Identify supporting doctrinal publications for use as primary references.

## Recon The Site

2-27. Company, Table II, STX-V uses an authorized virtual training system. Commanders schedule the facility as far in advance as practical following the respective installation's policies and procedures. Once the method of training and evaluation is established, commanders should secure the training location and appropriate TADSS, equipment, or systems that enhance the training event.

2-28. Once scheduled, the commander and platoon leaders conduct a reconnaissance of the training facility to

Verify sufficient systems are available and operational to support the entire unit.

Ensure multiple iterations or rotations through the scenario can be achieved with appropriate
retraining opportunities.

Ensure sufficient administrative areas are available to support group discussions, briefings, and AARs (such as a sand table or terrain board, terrain board kits, overhead projector with screen, digital communications system capabilities, and so forth).

Confirm appropriate warfighting function integration capabilities into the concept of the training lanes (see figure 2-4, page 2-9).

Verify the simulation system has the ability to incorporate engineers, direct fire support, special purpose weapons, and sniper teams into the scenario as the commander requires. The simulation may not support those functions with an immersive capability but should have the ability to
provide notional actions with frequency modulation (FM), analog, or digital means to create the appropriate level of coordination, communication, and decision-making stimulus. (Movement and maneuver.)

Identify the level of fire support that can be included into the training scenario. This includes
integration of the company and battalion mortar assets, as well as any fire support provided from within the brigade combat team (BCT). Most facilities provide a fire support station that the fire
support officer (FSO) or fire support team (FIST) can provide notional support through proper call-for-fire actions. The FSO or FIST can provide fires synchronization through the exercise control center or instructor and operator station to enhance the scenario's combat realism. (Fire support.)


The unit should identify the capabilities of the simulation system to incorporate analog and digital reporting, information, and icon populations. The higher headquarters battalion or brigade intelligence staff officer can serve to provide the scenario a threat template that is appropriate to the unit's mission and build a more robust and effective scenario. The supporting military intelligence company can provide notional or simulation injected feeds replicating Shadow or other unmanned systems for scenario development, as appropriate. (Intelligence.)

Verify the facility has the ability to support the unit's training while in a chemical environment, based on the scenario design. For immersive systems, verify chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) protective systems that can be incorporated or must be provided notionally. Chemical alarms, mission-oriented protective posture, vehicle system CBRN system simulated
capabilities, and so forth should be identified. (Protection.)

Verify casualty evacuation and medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) notional capabilities in support
of the training scenario. Units mostly include only FM reporting and request procedures for training purposes. (Sustainment.)

Identify command post capabilities of the facility, as well as analog and digital systems integrated into the simulations suites. Identify any external tactical operations center (TOC) configuration that can be incorporated for higher headquarters staff integration, as appropriate. (Mission command.)

Verify simulation system or facility can replicate the unit's desired terrain and environmental conditions.

MOVEMENT AND
MANEUVER
Recon the Training Site to Accommodate
ENGINEERS
REQUIRED
Engineers should provide their designated leadership for the training event to provide simulations instructor and operator support, as appropriate.
BREACH
OBSTACLE (OFFENSE)
MISSION DEPENDENT
Engineer leadership should develop offense and defense scenario support at the simulation's instructor or operator or exercise control center station.
INTEGRATE OBSTACLE (DEFENSE) DIRECT FIRE SUPPORT
REQUIRED
For simulation systems that do not provide dismounted Soldier stations, the units should provide sufficient Soldiers to conduct notional FM traffic or role players, as the scenario dictates.
SPECIAL PURPOSE WEAPONS
FIRE SUPPORT
CLOSE AIR SUPPORT
REQUIRED
Units can coordinate for JTAC support for call for fire mission to close air support and attack aviation. JTAC personnel can assist evaluation of proper call-for-fire procedures as
necessary.
ATTACK
AVIATION FIELD ARTILLERY
The unit's FSO or FIST provides evaluation of call-for-fire procedures. Units can include
mortar sections or platoons establish firing positions and conduct drills on demand while supporting the unit's STX-V scenarios.
MORTARS (COMPANY OR BATTALION)
OPTIONAL
ELECTRONIC WARFARE ASSETS
Units request higher level EW capabilities at commander's discretion. Unit employs organic or notional EW systems to build SA. Unit leaders request and incorporate EW information
into their maneuver planning and operations. This provides EW personnel within the
brigade with valuable training opportunities during maneuver operations.
INTELLIGENCE
UAS/UGS*
Brigade Shadow Team can provide notional support via FM with limited simulated video feed in support of intelligence operations during the scenario.
REQUIRED
DIGITAL ICON POPULATION
When available, the unit should include reporting mission situation reports, contact reports, far target locate tasks, and other digital messaging during the scenarios.
DIGITAL REPORTS
PROTECTION
CBRN
REQUIRED
Units should include CBRN tasks to their scenarios to exercise the unit's ability to function in a degraded capacity.
OPTIONAL
The unit's FSO or FIST can provide notional air defense and radar function to support the unit's scenario as necessary.
AIR DEFENSE OR COUNTERFIRE
SUSTAINMENT
CASEVAC
REQUIRED
Units are required to rehearse their CASEVAC and MEDEVAC TTP to verify their SOPs during STX-V. Units should include the higher headquarters' medical platoon to assist as
appropriate.
MEDEVAC
MISSION COMMAND
OPORD
2 MINIMUM
FRAGORD
4 MINIMUM
Units must exercise their ability to send and receive OPORD, FRAGORDs, and overlays in
an administrative role, as well as during the training scenarios via analog or digital means.
GRAPHICS OVERLAY
REQUIRED
Legend CASEVAC
casualty evacuation
MEDEVAC
medical evacuation
CBRN
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear
OPORD
operations order
EW
electronic warfare
SA
situational awareness
FIST
fire support team
SOP
standard operating procedure
FM
frequency modulation
STX-V
situational training exercise-virtual
FRAGORD
fragmentary order
TTP
tactics, techniques, and procedures
FSO
fire support officer
UAS
unmanned aircraft system
JTAC
joint terminal attack controller
UGS
unmanned ground system

## Issue The Order

2-29. Commanders can issue an OPORD, a WARNORD, or use the training schedule as necessary. The training unit must ensure all supporting staff or enablers have sufficient time for coordination and preparation prior to the training event. WARNORDs to external organizations must include sufficient reaction time for the appropriate personnel and equipment. The WARNORD should include the appropriate tasks, required leaders, and equipment needed, as well as the unit's training timeline including walk-throughs, rehearsals, and AARs.

2-30. The order should include the list of tasks to evaluate during the event, as well as the method of evaluation. Commanders should provide sufficient time for subordinate leaders to train tasks and skills, and ensure the appropriate training resources are available and accessible. Upon receipt, subordinate leaders that have SOPs for their organizations must ensure their procedures support and complement the higher headquarters publication.

## Rehearse

2-31. The unit conducts a rehearsal of the training and evaluation event with all training resources, materials, and equipment available. During the rehearsal, commanders ensure their unit has sufficient time is provided for their unit to train to the specified standard including AARs and retraining and validating any optional scenarios that increase complexity when warranted.

2-32. The rehearsal provides the commander with an opportunity to verify the tasks selected for Table II are consistent with the tasks, actions, and TTP of the higher organization. For maneuver units that are expected to cross-attach to an external unit, the rehearsal provides an opportunity for the commander to synchronize the unit SOP with the tactical SOP of their gaining unit or attached personnel or organizations.

2-33. Units should rehearse the training event from start to finish, and confirm


Training scenarios are available to the facility instructor and operators.

Proofing the scenarios.

Analog and digital systems of the training facility are available and accessible, and how any external systems integrate into the event execution.

Additional observer-controller/trainer (known as OC/Ts) and required training support packages
to enable multiple iterations.

Appropriate doctrinal publications are available for reference.

Sufficient administrative areas are available.

AAR capabilities are reviewed, including

Play-back capability (audio, video, digital mapping).

Graphic overlays.

Terrain boards and sand tables.

Integrated warfighting function capabilities (live and simulation).

Process for conducting direct fire support.

Methods and actions required to provide fire support.

Method of providing attack aviation and close air support (CAS) during the scenario, as required.

Process used to incorporate intelligence activities into the scenario.

Sufficient immersive training stations are available and operational to support the training audience.

Location of retraining for subordinate units as necessary.

Any uniform requirements or considerations required by the facility.

Reproduction capabilities are at the facility particularly printing capabilities to support the evaluation process.
2-34. Once the unit completes the walk-through and rehearsal, the commander makes necessary adjustments to the plan and issues FRAGORDs as necessary.

## Execute

2-35. When the unit arrives at the training location, they should reduce the amount of administration time as much as possible. When the entire unit is available at the training location, the unit should


Conduct a safety briefing for the training event.

Provide a conduct of the event briefing to establish the sequence of events for the training day.

Conduct any simulations training required by the facility to operate the system.

Transition to the proper uniform for the training event.

Occupy the appropriate simulations stations or integrated warfighting function workstations.

Assign OC/Ts as appropriate.

Issue the OPORD for the training mission.

Execute the training scenario.
2-36. As the STX-V scenarios are generally built in a progressive manner, the unit executes simulation training lanes progressively. As the commander directs, the training unit conducts informal AARs of each progressive scenario within the training mission. Once the training unit completes the mission through a specific training objective or phase within the operation, the commander conducts a formal AAR prior to issuing a FRAGORD for the next mission or mission task.

2-37. During training, the assigned OC/T, executive officer, and first sergeant review the subordinate unit's performance following the unit SOP, prescribed TTP, and the appropriate training and evaluation outlines.

2-38. Units should increase the analog and digital stimulus to the training units to increase the complexity of the training event based on their observations. Commanders should sustain the tempo of the events to reinforce the need to execute supporting collective tasks rapidly on demand rather than with a canned approach to training.

## Evaluate The Training

2-39. Table II is a prerequisite for the unit to conduct along with the associated subordinate and attached elements. The unit should include all assigned and attached Soldiers in the training event based on how the commander determines the unit will fight to support the combatant commander. The intent of Table II is to train the organization, its subordinate units, and the attached elements to the unit on supporting collective tasks that the commander deems critical to their success.

2-40. Periodically, after training scenarios are complete, the commander directs the unit to conduct


An informal AAR, facilitated by the assigned OC/T, commander, executive officer, and first sergeant, as appropriate.

A formal AAR led by the commander using the training notes provided by the OC/Ts, executive officer, first sergeant, the facility instructor and operators, and others.
2-41. With the input from the OC/T and unit leadership, the commander provides retraining opportunities as necessary, including additional scenarios. At the completion of Table II, key leaders discuss with their senior leader any shortcomings, gaps, or disconnects between SOPs by echelon, and determine any corrective actions.

2-42. Observer and controllers as trainers should provide clear and articulate comments and insight on the positive and negative actions of the subordinate units they observed. OC/Ts use the training and evaluation outlines to guide them through the evaluation process and use the doctrinal publications to support their comments.

2-43. The OC/T and unit leadership should review the training and evaluation outlines, training notes, and observations to determine which tasks require additional attention through the remainder of the training density. They also can identify where additional complexities and tactical dilemmas can be induced during training where mastery has been demonstrated.

2-44. The commander should share the overall performance of the unit, including the observations with the entire training unit. This allows the subordinate units to learn from other unit's best practices, procedures, and tactics, as well as from their shortcomings or mistakes. The commander should identify leaders within the organization that demonstrated superior performance and tactical competence by assigning them as OC/Ts during future training events, internal and external to the organization.
2-45. At the completion of Table II, commanders, executive officers, and first sergeants should gain insight to where their unit's SOPs are working and where they need additional attention. If time is available, commanders should capture where the SOPs require attention, update, and provide those changes or revisions to the unit prior to executing any live-fire event. Table II provides a simulated tactical experience for the unit and provides clear indications where SOP functions need improvement.

## Retrain

2-46. Commanders identify the unit or subordinate unit that requires retraining of specific tasks during the AAR with input from the OC/Ts, executive officer, first sergeant, attached leaders, and the facility instructor or operators. Once the commander identifies the retraining needs of the unit, they should execute a retraining event of the scenario. This may consist of


The entire company executing the training scenario again.

A select subordinate unit executing the training scenario.

Rotating subordinate units through different mission tasks to support the supporting collective task.

Minor tactical adjustments for the unit or subordinate units. The commander may opt to discuss different methods to complete the task followed by backbriefs using terrain models or sand tables
rather than executing the simulation scenario.
2-47. Once the commander is satisfied with the unit's demonstrated performance, the commander should review the unit SOP and TTP for required updates, revisions, or modifications again. The commander should assess which components of the unit's SOP and TTP need attention during the upcoming STX lanes conducted during Table III.

## Chapter 3 Situational Training Exercise

This chapter describes the requirements of Company, Table III, Situational Training Exercise (STX) and how they integrate into the unit training plan following the structure of the IWTS. Chapter 3 provides descriptive guidelines for the Company, Table III and provides the purpose, method, and end state for the training event.
STXs are short, scenario-driven, mission-oriented tactical exercises that train a single collective task (training and evaluation outlines) or a group of related battle drills and collective tasks (training and evaluation outlines), typically executed on designated training lanes. STXs provide the leader with a method to train using doctrinally approved tactics and techniques.

## Event Overview

3-1. Unlike a battle drill, a STX does not establish the method of execution, but rather the training audience's leadership works through tactical dilemmas while executing mission-essential tasks. STXs may be modified based on the factors of mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available-time available, civil considerations (METT-TC). STXs typically incorporate live opposing forces (OPFORs) that provide a challenging, realistic, and situationally reactive, dynamic threat to the scenario.

3-2. Individual groups of related tasks are trained in STX lanes. Multiple lanes are used to build proficiency in a progressive manner during Company, Table III, STX (see figure 3-1). There is no limit to the number of lanes a unit can include while performing Company, Table III, STX.

3-3. Company, Table III, STX is a pre-live fire, live environment training event that serves to build unit proficiency in specific, commander determined critical tasks that directly support the unit's mission-essential tasks. Company, Table III provides the commander with multiple progressive iterations of supporting collective tasks that reinforce the TTP the unit employs to execute its mission-essential tasks. Commanders use their unit SOP and the appropriate training and evaluation outlines to develop subordinate leader's and element's movement and maneuver, and to a limited degree, their marksmanship lethality (TADSS-based).

3-4. STXs use commander developed scenarios in live environments using TADSS that include


Soldiers, crews, and units with their assigned equipment, weapons, systems, and platforms.

Employment of their assigned weapons and systems with supported laser-based TADSS.

Training at a combat-realistic tempo.

A live environment training area sufficient in size for offensive movement and maneuver.

## Purpose

3-5. The STX ensures the unit, with its assigned and attached subordinate elements, demonstrates missionessential task and supporting collective task proficiency in a live environment. The unit synchronizes and executes fire and maneuver, integrates indirect and direct fires, conducts critical tasks, and completes various combat reporting requirements prior to conducting the tasks under live-fire conditions.

3-6. STX lanes provide focused training on critical supporting collective and battle tasks that directly support the unit's mission-essential tasks. They enable the unit to execute those trained tasks based on the tactical situations and dilemmas presented during the FTX.

## Method

3-7. Company STXs use training areas with multiple training lanes or phases that train collective, small units on tactical maneuver, movement, and engagement techniques at a real-time, full-tempo to build mission-essential task proficiency. Company STXs use commander-defined scenarios to replicate the appropriate stimulus that inspires, initiates, or instigates the desired reaction. The desired reaction includes the timely and accurate execution of critical, supporting, collective, and individual tasks.

3-8. Table III is required for each assigned or attached subordinate unit, conducted between T-6 and T-X
of the live-fire training event or density. Commanders use progressive lanes consisting of tactically grouped supporting collective tasks to challenge the unit with various tactical dilemmas.

## End State

3-9. The unit along with subordinate assigned or attached units have successfully demonstrated in a live environment their ability to execute mission essential, critical, or directed supporting collective tasks and battle drills conducted during decisive action operations. The commander sufficiently instructed the unit on the mission essential and supporting collective tasks, validated the subordinate unit's SOP to ensure synchronization and consistency, reinforced previous training, and built confidence by integrating warfighting functions and enablers during the execution of mission-essential tasks.

3-10. The commander is confident in the abilities of the subordinate leaders and elements to execute those trained tasks to standard on demand based on the tactical situation. The unit is prepared for collective training against a trained, unscripted, and motivated opposing force.

## Planning Considerations

3-11. Table III, STX is a live environment, hands-on training event utilizing TADSS. Table III includes using blank ammunition, pyrotechnics, and battle effects simulators. This event trains and evaluates the element's ability to execute critical tasks using their organic weapons, systems, and equipment during day and limited visibility conditions, and while operating in a chemical environment.

3-12. The unit and its subordinate elements use Company, Table III, STX to prepare for the FTX external evaluation (known as EXEVAL) of the unit's mission-essential tasks (Table IV).

## Plan

3-13. Company, Table III, STX is training designed for all subordinate units and elements within the company prior to any collective live-fire event. The training event is required for all subordinate units that are assigned, attached, or designated to the company as a


Maneuver element.

Enabling specialty unit.

Cross-attached, warfighting function small unit.
3-14. Each company has 4 training days (96 hours) per year to conduct Table III. For planning purposes, commanders should consider the following information when building their Table III scenario for training:


Prerequisites. There are no directed prerequisites for Table III; however, the unit should have completed Tables I and II prior to executing the company STX. Commanders may choose to integrate Platoon, Table III, STX at the beginning of the company STX as a multi-echelon event to
reinforce and build upon previous training of the supporting collective tasks.

Table duration. Table III requires a minimum of two and a maximum of 4 training days (96 hours).
It is conducted between T-6 and T-X of the company live-fire event. Companies should maximize
their use of their available TADSS prior to entering the field portion of their training plan.

Environment and conditions. Units conduct Table III in a live environment and in an approved training area sufficient in size to accommodate the unit during offensive and defensive operations. Units conduct the training in a series of training lanes or phases at full tempo. Units include a trained and equipped OPFOR when appropriate.

Frequency. Units conduct Table III prior to company live-fire training a minimum of once per
fiscal year. Units may execute multiple, shorter duration events depending on their training plan.

Throughput. Commanders should consider the number of STX lanes developed for the training
event and ensure sufficient time is available to train and re-train as appropriate. The throughput of
the entire company through the training lanes are dependent upon the complexity and length of individual lanes, amount of training area available, OPFOR and OC/T availability, and other outside influences.

Primary training facilities. Primary training facilities are training locations that support the unit's
mission by unit type, collective tasks trained, weapons and system engagement ranges (when practical), as well as depth and speed of movement and maneuver required during the scenario. Refer to TC 25-1 to identify the general land and training area requirements for the unit type.
3-15. The purpose of Table III is to train the mission-essential tasks and supporting collective tasks, which are critical to the tactical success of the company. Commanders should create their Table III scenario using the task sets and supporting collective tasks that directly support their mission-essential tasks.

## Scenario Requirements

3-16. To accomplish their mission, the brigade develops STX lane scenarios based on the commander-to-commander dialogue, their assessment of the unit's tactical proficiency, command training guidance, and critical collective tasks that directly impact the success of the company. Commanders select all the tasks that are trained during Table III, and design a series of training lane scenarios that replicate the threat, collective tasks for training, and set realistic conditions for the operating environment.

3-17. Units integrate enablers and specialty units into their scenarios. The training lanes should support the follow-on FTX, FCX, and live-fire exercise (known as LFX), or CALFEX while reinforcing the various SOPs and previous collective training events.

3-18. Commanders design their scenarios in multiple lanes, phases, or stages, where each portion of the scenario trains one or two collective tasks in a progressive manner. Successful completion of each lane (based on the commander's assessment using the SOP and training and evaluation outlines as a guide) moves the formation tactically to the next lane or phase.

3-19. The Table III scenarios include training on commander-selected tasks specific to the warfighting functions listed in figure 3-3, page 3-6. Commanders integrate these tasks as appropriate across the STX
lanes. The scenario should include multiple repetitions of those selected tasks during the day and night phase to increase proficiency.

3-20. Each warfighting function includes optional or required tasks that commanders integrate into their training scenario. For special purpose weapons, commanders determine the number of iterations the special purpose weapons are integrated during both day and night. Commanders select from the special purpose weapons available to them, as well as how the scenario initiates the use of those special purpose weapons.

Note. Not all maneuver units have special purpose weapons associated or available to their organization.

3-21. Commanders integrate tasks as appropriate. Units conduct the warfighting function integrated tasks during limited and unlimited visibility (night and day) conditions across the entire Table III training scenario event, not on each maneuver task trained (see figure 3-3, page 3-6).

For example, during a four-day STX at a local training area, the commander selects call for indirect fire during the company attack day phase where they identify a subordinate platoon that receives priority of fires. On day two of the STX, the commander includes training for each subordinate platoon to conduct a call-for-fire illumination mission. The commander incorporated call for fire into the training during STX day operations (HE and smoke) and night operations (illumination).
3-22. Conducting STX lanes at the company level requires a significant amount of training areas, not only for the trained unit (blue force), but also to provide sufficient stand-off, movement, and maneuver space to support a trained OPFOR. Units must consider training areas with sufficient space to develop the tactical situation for both blue force and an OPFOR.

3-23. Typically, units conduct STX lanes in a progressive manner, either sequentially or in rotating task groups. The amount of training area available, the number of mission-essential tasks to train, the employed weapon system and unit capabilities, and other factors impact the method the unit uses to progress from one lane to subsequent lanes.

Note. Commanders may choose to integrate specific warfighting function tasks during Table III, STX that can significantly increase the company's proficiency for Table IV, FTX and Table VI, CALFEX evaluations. The commander may also elect to integrate additional tasks listed within figure 3-2 that are deemed beneficial to the company training in order to obtain the proficiency level on the desired tasks selected by the commander. In doing so, this enables a unit to maximize training opportunities on commander-selected tasks using a progressive training model needed to achieve the desired end state prior to evaluation.

| MISSION COMMAND                           | SQUAD                                           |
|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
| SECTION                                   |                                                 |
| Graphics Overlay                          | Required                                        |
| OPORD                                     | Required                                        |
| FRAGORD                                   | Optional                                        |
| Conduct a Rehearsal                       | Required                                        |
| Operate a Command Post                    | Required                                        |
| MOVEMENT AND MANEUVER                     |                                                 |
| Engineers                                 | Required                                        |
| Breach Obstacle (Offense)                 | Required                                        |
| Integrate Obstacle (Defense)              | Required                                        |
| Direct Fire Support                       | Required                                        |
| Employ Snipers                            | Optional                                        |
| Special Purpose Weapons*                  | Minimum 1                                       |
| Conduct Quartering Party Activities       | Optional                                        |
| Conduct a Dismounted Tactical Road March* | Required                                        |
| Conduct a Mounted Tactical Road March**   | Required                                        |
| Occupy an Assembly Area                   | Optional                                        |
| Conduct Tactical Movement                 | Required                                        |
| FIRE SUPPORT                              |                                                 |
| Close Air Support                         | Optional                                        |
| Attack Aviation                           | Optional                                        |
| Field Artillery                           | Required                                        |
| Mortars (Company or Battalion)            | Required                                        |
| Air Defense or Counterfire                | Optional                                        |
| INTELLIGENCE                              |                                                 |
| UAS/UGS                                   | Required                                        |
| Digital Icon Population                   | Required                                        |
| Digital Reports                           | Required                                        |
| PROTECTION                                |                                                 |
| CBRN                                      | Required                                        |
| Maintain Operational Security             | Required                                        |
| Perform Field Sanitation Functions        | Optional                                        |
| Conduct Risk Management                   | Required                                        |
| SUSTAINMENT                               |                                                 |
| CASEVAC                                   | Required                                        |
| MEDEVAC                                   | Required                                        |
| Conduct Consolidation and Reorganization  | Required                                        |
| Conduct LOGPAC Support                    | Required                                        |
| *Dismounted units only                    |                                                 |
| **Mounted units only                      |                                                 |
| Legend                                    |                                                 |
| CASEVAC                                   | casualty evacuation                             |
| CBRN                                      | chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear |
| FRAGORD                                   | fragmentary order                               |
| LOGPAC                                    | logistics package                               |

## Sequential Stx Lanes

3-24. When training area availability is limited, commanders must maximize the space available to ensure units can train and assess multiple tasks. Placing STX lanes in a progressive, sequential manner can provide a continuous battlespace for the training unit, while the OPFOR resets and prepares for the next unit to enter the scenario (see figure 3-3, page 3-6).

and PLATOON
COMPANY
and TROOP

For example, the unit executes training on a sequential STX lane due to limited training space given (see figures 3-3 and 3-4). Iteration 1: Company Alpha has completed maintenance and mission preparations and is first to execute the lane. Company Bravo conducts maintenance and mission preparations while Company Charlie provides OPFOR support for Company Alpha. Iteration 2: Upon completion of the lane, Company Alpha assumes responsibility of OPFOR
support for Company Bravo's iteration as Company Charlie conducts maintenance and mission preparations. Iteration 3: Upon completion of the lane, Company Bravo assumes responsibility of OPFOR support for Company Charlie's iteration to complete the cycle.

## Rotating Task Groups

3-25. When space is available, units can set up several larger training sites, each with independent, opposing forces. This allows training and evaluation of several collective tasks in random order. When there are several training sites, the commander has the flexibility to initiate OPFOR actions that change the training unit's decision-making process, thereby altering the sequence of the tasks trained on the lane (see figure 3-5, page 3-8). This enables a more realistic series of tactical dilemmas for the unit to solve and allows more freedom of maneuver.

3-26. Using several training sites provides a more robust and dynamic threat presentation to the training unit, however, it requires more OPFOR resources, preparatory training for the OPFOR, and more training areas to support the commander's flexibility.

For example, the unit executes training on a rotating task group STX lane on several training sites (see figures 3-5 and 3-6.) Iteration 1: Company Alpha (Lane A) and Company Charlie (Lane B) are the first to conduct operations. Company Bravo provides OPFOR support for both companies during this iteration. Iteration 2: Company Alpha provides OPFOR support, Company Charlie executes Lane A with Company Bravo on Lane B. Iteration 3: Company Alpha executes Lane B with Company Bravo executing Lane A. Company Charlie provides OPFOR support during the final iteration to complete the cycle.

## Train The Trainers

3-27. Units execute the company STX in a variety of ways. Typically, each platoon conducts training (platoon STX) independently prior to the company STX. The primary trainers during the company STX are the brigade commander with the staff, specialty units, and OC/Ts providing oversight and assistance as necessary.

Note. Much like crew platform evaluators, the OC/Ts for any collective exercise provide exceptional training for the OC/T as a leader, second only to executing the task with their organization. Units should dedicate sufficient time to OC/T certification to leaders who can provide experienced mentorship, with the complete understanding that their OC/T task is also exceptional training for them.

3-28. Units include the higher headquarters staff and specialty elements (mortars, scouts, sniper teams) into the training and execution of the company STX when appropriate. This allows the subordinate leaders and Soldiers to understand the battalion or squadron's staff functions, processes, and procedures, which broadens their knowledge of the unit's operations and capabilities.

3-29. Units provide the following to prepare the trainers:

Commander's training objectives.

Scenario and lane concept with collective tasks to be trained.

Rules of engagement for the training event.

Review of training and evaluation outlines of all the tasks to be trained.

Review of supporting and individual tasks that directly support or complement the supporting collective tasks.

Conduct of the event brief. Commanders provide how the unit executes the STX lanes.

Where key warfighting functions are integrated into the scenarios or lanes.

Risk assessment.

Identification of supporting doctrinal publications for use as primary references.

TADSS, pyrotechnics, blanks, and battle effects simulators used during the training event.

## Recon The Site

3-30. Commanders use an authorized training area or series of training areas for the Table III, STX exercise.

Commanders follow the installation's policies and procedures to formally schedule the training location as far in advance as practical. Once commanders have established the method of training and evaluation, they should secure the training location and appropriate TADSS, equipment, or systems that enhance the training event.

3-31. Once scheduled, the commander, training developers, subordinate commanders, and platoon leaders conduct a reconnaissance of the training areas to


Verify sufficient space is available to support the entire unit through multiple training lanes.

Ensure multiple iterations or rotations through the scenario can be achieved with appropriate
retraining opportunities.

Ensure sufficient administrative areas are available to support group discussions, briefings, and AARs.

Provide sand table or terrain board.

Provide terrain board kits.

Confirm appropriate warfighting function integration capabilities into the concept of the training lanes (figure 3-7).

Verify the training area has the ability to incorporate engineers, direct fire support, special purpose
weapons, and sniper teams into the scenario, as the commander directs. Identify authorized dig
locations and required permits within the training area. Identify restricted terrain, environmental considerations, and any no-go areas within the training sites. (Movement and maneuver.)

Identify the level of fire support that can be included into the training scenario. The FSO or FIST can provide fires synchronization to enhance the scenario's combat realism. (Fire support.)

Serve to provide the scenario with a threat template that is appropriate to the unit's mission and build a more robust and effective scenario (higher headquarters battalion or brigade intelligence staff officer). The supporting military intelligence company can provide notional or simulation
injected feeds replicating Shadow or other unmanned systems for scenario development, as appropriate. (Intelligence.)

Verify the training area has the ability to support the unit's training while in a chemical
environment, based on the scenario design. (Protection.)

Verify casualty evacuation and MEDEVAC notional capabilities in support of the training scenario. Units mostly include only FM reporting and request procedures for training purposes. (Sustainment.)

Identify command post capabilities and locations in the training areas. Identify any external TOC configuration that can be incorporated for higher headquarters staff integration, as appropriate. (Mission command.)

MOVEMENT AND
MANEUVER
Recon the Training Site to Accommodate
ENGINEERS
REQUIRED
Engineers should provide their designated leadership for the training event to provide simulations instructor and operator support, as appropriate.
BREACH
OBSTACLE (OFFENSE)
MISSION DEPENDENT
Engineer leadership should develop offense and defense scenario support at the simulation's instructor or operator or exercise control center station.
INTEGRATE OBSTACLE (DEFENSE) DIRECT FIRE SUPPORT
REQUIRED
For simulation systems that do not provide dismounted Soldier stations, the units should provide sufficient Soldiers to conduct notional FM traffic or role players, as the scenario dictates.
SPECIAL PURPOSE WEAPONS
FIRE SUPPORT
CLOSE AIR SUPPORT
REQUIRED
Units can coordinate for JTAC support for call for fire mission to close air support and attack aviation. JTAC personnel can assist evaluation of proper call-for-fire procedures as
necessary.
ATTACK
AVIATION FIELD ARTILLERY
The unit's FSO or FIST provides evaluation of call-for-fire procedures. Units can include
mortar sections or platoons establish firing positions and conduct drills on demand while supporting the unit's STX-V scenarios.
MORTARS (COMPANY OR BATTALION)
OPTIONAL
ELECTRONIC WARFARE ASSETS
Units request higher level EW capabilities at commander's discretion. Unit employs organic or notional EW systems to build SA. Unit leaders request and incorporate EW information
into their maneuver planning and operations. This provides EW personnel within the
brigade with valuable training opportunities during maneuver operations.
INTELLIGENCE
UAS/UGS
Brigade Shadow Team can provide notional support via FM with limited simulated video feed in support of intelligence operations during the scenario.
REQUIRED
DIGITAL ICON POPULATION
When available, the unit should include reporting mission situation reports, contact reports, far target locate tasks, and other digital messaging during the scenarios.
DIGITAL REPORTS
PROTECTION
CBRN
REQUIRED
Units should include CBRN tasks to their scenarios to exercise the unit's ability to function in a degraded capacity.
OPTIONAL
The unit's FSO or FIST can provide notional air defense and radar function to support the unit's scenario as necessary.
AIR DEFENSE OR COUNTERFIRE
SUSTAINMENT
CASEVAC
REQUIRED
Units are required to rehearse their CASEVAC and MEDEVAC TTP to verify their SOPs during STX-V. Units should include the higher headquarters' medical platoon to assist as
appropriate.
MEDEVAC
MISSION COMMAND
OPORD
2 MINIMUM
FRAGORD
4 MINIMUM
Units must exercise their ability to send and receive OPORD, FRAGORDs, and overlays in
an administrative role, as well as during the training scenarios via analog or digital means.
GRAPHICS OVERLAY
REQUIRED
Legend CASEVAC
casualty evacuation
MEDEVAC
medical evacuation
CBRN
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear
OPORD
operations order
EW
electronic warfare
SA
situational awareness
FIST
fire support team
SOP
standard operating procedure
FM
frequency modulation
STX-V
situational training exercise-virtual
FRAGORD
fragmentary order
TTP
tactics, techniques, and procedures
FSO
fire support officer
UAS
unmanned aircraft system
JTAC
joint terminal attack controller
UGS
unmanned ground system

## Issue The Order

3-32. Commanders can issue an OPORD, WARNORD, or use the training schedule as necessary. The training unit must ensure all supporting staff or enablers have sufficient time for coordination and preparation prior to the training event. The WARNORD should include the appropriate tasks, required leaders, and equipment needed, as well as the unit's training timeline including walk-through, rehearsals, and AARs.

WARNORDs for external organizations must include sufficient reaction time for the appropriate personnel and equipment needed.

3-33. The OPORD or WARNORD should include the list of tasks that commanders evaluate during the event, and the method of evaluation. Commanders should provide sufficient time for subordinate leaders to train the tasks and skills listed in the order. Commanders should ensure the appropriate training resources are available and accessible. Upon receipt, subordinate leaders that have SOPs for their organizations must ensure their procedures support and complement the higher headquarters publication.

## Rehearse

3-34. The unit uses all training resources, materials, and equipment available to conduct rehearsals of training events. During the rehearsal, commanders ensure their unit has sufficient time to train to the specified standard including AARs and retraining time. Commanders ensure their unit verifies optional scenarios that increase complexity when warranted.

3-35. Commander use the rehearsal as an opportunity to verify the tasks selected for Table III are consistent with the tasks, actions, and TTP of the higher organization. For maneuver units that expect to cross-attach to an external unit, the rehearsal is an opportunity for the commander to synchronize the unit SOP with the tactical SOP of their gaining unit or attached personnel or organizations.

3-36. Units should rehearse the training event from start to finish, and confirm

The OPFOR understands the training scenarios.

Sufficient space is available to provide stand-off distances for the unit and OPFOR to build the
appropriate tempo of each STX lane.

Analog and digital systems are operational within the organization and to the higher headquarters regardless of their location.

Additional OC/T training support packages are complete and provide for multiple iterations.

Sufficient administrative areas are available.

AAR capabilities are reviewed.

Available warfighting function enablers are integrated with the unit or appropriate
subordinate unit.

Process for conducting direct fire support tasks.

Methods and actions required to provide fire support.

Integration of attack aviation and CAS during the scenario as required.

Process used to incorporate intelligence activities into the scenario.

Location of retraining for subordinate units as necessary.
3-37. Once the unit completes the walk-through and training rehearsal, the commander makes any necessary adjustments to the plan and issues FRAGORDs as necessary.

## Execute

3-38. Once the unit arrives at the training location, they should


Conduct a safety briefing for the training event.

Provide a conduct of the event briefing to establish the sequence of events for the training day.

Conduct sensitive item checks prior to executing training.

Assign OC/Ts as appropriate.

Issue the OPORD for the training mission.

Occupy the appropriate STX lane as the commander directs.

Execute the training scenario.
3-39. The training unit conducts informal AARs of each progressive scenario within the training mission as the commander directs. Once the training unit completes the mission through a specific training objective or phase of the operation, the commander conducts a formal AAR prior to issuing a FRAGORD for the next mission or mission task.

3-40. During training, the assigned OC/T, executive officer, and first sergeant review the subordinate unit's performance. They follow the unit SOP, prescribed TTP, and the appropriate training and evaluation outlines.

3-41. Units should escalate the analog and digital stimulus to the training units to increase the complexity of the training event based on their observations. Commanders should sustain the tempo of the events to reinforce the need to execute supporting collective tasks rapidly and on demand rather than with a canned approach to training.

3-42. During execution, commanders consider increasing the difficulty, complexity, or rigor to the training events by various means. Figure 3-8, page 3-14, lists examples of tactical stressors that commanders can instigate.

## Evaluate The Training

3-43. The unit should include all assigned and attached Soldiers and elements in the training event based on how the commander determines the unit should execute their mission-essential tasks to support the combatant commander. The intent of STXs is to train the organization, including its subordinate and attached units, on mission-essential tasks and specific supporting collective tasks that the commander deems critical.

3-44. Periodically after training scenarios are complete, the commander directs the unit to conduct


An informal AAR, facilitated by the assigned OC/T, commander, executive officer, and first sergeant, as appropriate.

A formal AAR, led by the commander using the training notes provided by the OC/Ts, executive
officer, first sergeant, the facility instructor and operators, and others.
3-45. At the completion of the training event, key leaders discuss with their senior leaders any shortcomings, gaps, or disconnects among echelon SOPs, and determine corrective actions if any. With the input from the OC/T and unit leadership, the commander provides retraining opportunities as necessary, including additional scenarios.

Note. At the completion of the company training strategy, the key leaders and their commander shall assess their performance during all six training events (Table I through VI), review their SOPs, and validate their accuracy and effectiveness for continued use.

3-46. OC/Ts should provide clear and articulate comments and insight about the positive and negative actions of the subordinate units they observed. OC/Ts should use the training and evaluation outlines to guide them through the evaluation process and use the doctrinal publications to support their comments.

3-47. The OC/T and unit leadership should review the training and evaluation outlines and training notes and observations to determine which tasks require additional attention through the remainder of the training density. They also can identify where additional complexities to the scenario can be induced during training where mastery has been demonstrated.

3-48. The OC/T should share the overall performance of the unit, including the observations, with the entire training unit. This allows the subordinate units to learn from other unit's best practices, procedures, and tactics, and at times from their shortcomings or mistakes. The commander should identify leaders within the organization that demonstrate superior performance and tactical competence and assign them as OC/Ts for future training events, internal and external to the organization.

3-49. At the completion of Company, Table III, STX, commanders, executive officers, and first sergeants should gain insight to where their unit's SOPs are working and where they need additional attention. If time is available, commanders should update and provide those changes or revisions to the unit prior to executing any live-fire event.

## Retrain

3-50. Commanders identify the unit or subordinate unit that requires retraining of specific tasks during the AAR with input from the OC/Ts, executive officer, first sergeant, attached leaders, and the facility instructor and operators. Once the commander identifies the retraining needs of the unit, they should execute a retraining event of the scenario. This may consist of


The entire company executing the training scenario again.

A select subordinate unit executing the training scenario.

Rotating subordinate units through different mission tasks to reinforce the supporting collective task.

Minor tactical adjustments for the unit or subordinate units. The commander may opt to discuss different methods to complete the task followed by backbriefs using terrain models or sand tables
rather than executing the entire training scenario.
3-51. Once the commander is satisfied with the unit's demonstrated performance, they should review the unit SOP and TTP for required updates, revisions, or modifications again. The commander should assess which components of the unit's SOP and TTP need additional attention during the upcoming FTX, FCX, and CALFEX.

## Chapter 4 Field Training Exercise

This chapter describes the requirements of Company, Table IV, FTX. The chapter describes how the requirements integrate into the unit training plan following the structure of the IWTS. Chapter 4 provides descriptive guidelines for the Company, Table IV, FTX, and provides the purpose, method, and end state for the training event. An FTX is a high-cost, high-overhead exercise conducted under simulated combat conditions in the field using laser-based TADSS, pyrotechnics, and battle effects to train a unit's mission-essential tasks. An FTX culminates in an EXEVAL of the unit's proficiency in executing the mission-essential tasks and the supporting collective tasks that the evaluation commander selects. The battalion uses the military decision-making process to develop company and troop training events during the FTX, FCX, and CALFEX described in chapters 4, 5, and 6.

## Event Overview

4-1. The FTX supports training at squad, section, platoon, company, battalion, and brigade levels. The FTX
integrates the total force in a realistic combat environment and supports a demanding, effective EXEVAL of the unit's mission-essential tasks and collective task proficiency (see figure 4-1, page 4-2).

4-2. An FTX involves the entire combined arms force, and encompasses training such as battle drills, crew drills, supporting collective tasks, and mission-essential tasks to reinforce Soldier, team, squad, crew, and collective training integration. The FTX provides the ability to


Demonstrate proficiency maneuvering the entire formation in time and space.

Build tactical planning skills to develop tactical situations rapidly.

Integrate and leverage available battlefield intelligence in a timely manner to influence the
developing decisive actions.

Evaluate the unit holistically to doctrinal standards, concepts, and TTP.

Employ integrated warfighting functions to provide an unfair advantage and overmatch to
subordinate units.

Develop and overcome situations with real-time information in a demanding and rigorous series of tactical dilemmas.

Build unit cohesion, effectiveness, and esprit de corps.

Train and mentor subordinate leaders on maneuver tasks, skills, and actions.

Identify training weaknesses for the development of future training plans.
4-3. The company FTX provides significant training value to the key leaders and subordinates within the organization. The FTX trains and enables the leaders, subordinate elements, and attached elements to


Move and maneuver units realistically.

Employ organic weapons systems effectively.

Build teamwork and cohesion.

Plan and coordinate supporting fires.

Plan and coordinate logistical activities to support tactical operations.

Integrate warfighting functions and enablers.

Build tactical experience and understanding.
4-4. Company, Table IV, FTX is a live-environment training event that builds unit proficiency in the unit's mission-essential tasks and specific, commander determined critical tasks that directly support the unit's mission. Company, Table IV is an event the commander uses to evaluate the unit's execution of their mission-essential tasks during combat realistic scenarios against a trained and capable near-peer opposing force.

4-5. This event enables the training unit to exercise its supporting collective tasks that reinforce the TTP
that the unit employs to execute their mission-essential tasks on demand where the commander acts upon the various stimulus and dilemmas presented by a free-acting opposing force. Commanders use their unit SOP
and the appropriate training and evaluation outlines to develop subordinate leaders and element's movement and maneuver, and to a limited degree, marksmanship lethality (TADSS-based).

4-6. FTXs use commander-developed scenarios in live environments using TADSS that include


Soldiers, crews, small units, and enablers.

Assigned weapons, platforms, systems, and small units.

Training at a combat realistic, fast-paced tempo.

A live-environment training area.

## Purpose

4-7. Table IV, FTX is a training and EXEVAL of a unit with its assigned and attached subordinate elements that demonstrate proficiency executing their mission-essential tasks in a live environment. Table IV includes assessing their ability to synchronize and execute fire and maneuver, integrate indirect and direct fires, conduct critical supporting collective tasks, and complete various combat reporting requirements.

4-8. The FTX is an externally evaluated assessment of the unit's proficiency conducting their assigned mission-essential tasks. The evaluation team uses the appropriate training and evaluation outlines for the unit's mission-essential tasks and supporting collective tasks to determine the unit's proficiency.

## Method

4-9. The FTX uses a training area sufficient in size to replicate an operating environment to train maneuver units on tactical maneuver, movement, and engagement techniques at a real time full tempo. The FTX uses a commander-defined scenario and missions to execute their mission -essential tasks. The FTX's scenario provides a timely and accurate execution of critical, supporting collective and individual tasks to subordinate units.

4-10. The commander-designed scenario includes sufficient, tactical stimulus to train and evaluate subordinate units operating together in a combat-realistic live environment while using the appropriate laser-based training system and other TADSS. Evaluations are conducted by a trained and certified OC/T
team utilizing the approved training and evaluation outlines as an evaluation tool.

## End State

4-11. The subordinate units assigned or attached to the organization have successfully demonstrated in a live environment their ability to execute their mission-essential tasks. Table IV trains and evaluates the mission essential and supporting collective tasks to their subordinate units in a live environment using realistic scenarios and a trained OPFOR.

4-12. For the commander, Table IV provides a means to

Validate the subordinate unit's SOP to ensure synchronization and consistency with the unit SOP.

Reinforce previous training focused on critical skills and tasks with multiple training iterations.

Build confidence by integrating warfighting functions and enablers.

## Planning Considerations

4-13. Company, Table IV, FTX is a live environment, training event where companies train then evaluate their mission-essential task proficiency. Once unit training is complete, the unit conducts an EXEVAL
exercise to determine their proficiency executing their mission-essential tasks and supporting collective tasks.

4-14. The training scenarios use laser-based training devices, blank ammunition, pyrotechnics, and battle effects simulators, as well as an appropriately trained and equipped OPFOR. The EXEVAL utilizes the training and evaluation outlines for all maneuver mission-essential tasks and collective tasks.

## Plan

4-15. Table IV, FTX is training designed for the company and troop with all assigned or attached subordinate units and elements. This training event is the required EXEVAL to meet the requirements of the maneuver company collective task proficiency gate, as identified in AR 350-1 and AR 220-1.

4-16. Each company is authorized a minimum of 5 training days (120 hours) per year to conduct Table IV
training according to the CATS. Units may conduct Table IV, FTX before or after Table VI, CALFEX
depending on the training area and facility availability, the commander's intent, or the unit training plan's needs.

Note: Table IV, FTX is not a prerequisite to conduct Table VI, CALFEX.

4-17. For planning purposes, commanders should consider the information in paragraphs 4-18 through 4-24
and the information below when building their Table IV scenario for training:


Prerequisites. Complete Company Tables I, II, and III prior to conducting Table IV to ensure the
unit is adequately trained on the mission essential and critical supporting collective tasks prior to the EXEVAL.

Table duration. The FTX is a multi-day (5 training days), complex, rigorous training event that
provides increased stressors, stimulus, and tactical dilemmas to the maneuver unit.

Environment and conditions. Units conduct FTX in the live environment on an approved training
area sufficient in size to accommodate the unit during offensive and defensive operations,
including maneuver space for the assigned trained and equipped OPFOR. Units conduct the FTX during day, night, and limited visibility.

Training days required. Successful completion of Table IV requires a minimum of 5 training days
per company. The training days include preparatory, tactical training to build on the STX lanes
during Table III and provide sufficient time for an effective tactical EXEVAL.

Frequency. Most units complete a five-day FTX once per year. The unit may complete an FTX
more than once a year if multiple, company-size, live-fire densities are scheduled across the fiscal
year or training year as directed by the higher headquarters.

Throughput. Brigade commanders should consider the number of companies conducting Table IV.
If sufficient training space is available, all companies can complete Table IV exercises
simultaneously using multiple training areas. For installations with training area constraints, units
may conduct Table IV exercises in a rotational fashion one company at a time. Units may conduct
Table IV exercises in noncontiguous training areas when necessary to increase throughput of the
battalion overall. Regardless of the number of simultaneous FTX events, units must ensure
sufficient time is available to train, evaluate, and re-train, as appropriate.

Primary training facilities. Training areas that support the unit's mission by type unit, collective tasks trained, weapons and system engagement ranges (when practical), as well as depth and speed of movement and maneuver required during the scenario are required. Refer to TC 25-1 to identify
the general land and training area requirements for the unit type and task.

## Scenario Requirements

4-18. To accomplish their mission, commanders develop the FTX scenario based on their assessment of the unit's tactical proficiency, command training guidance, and critical collective tasks that directly affect the success of the company. Commanders select all appropriate mission-essential tasks for evaluation and craft a scenario with varying branches and sequels that replicates the threat, collective tasks for training, and realistic conditions.

4-19. Units include available enablers and specialty units within the battalion into their scenarios. The training mission should support future battalion, collective training events while reinforcing the unit SOP
and previous collective training events.

4-20. Commanders design their scenarios in multiple phases, or stages, where each portion of the scenario specifically trains one or two collective tasks in a progressive manner. Successful completion of each phase
(based on the commander's assessment using the SOP, training, and evaluation outlines as a guide) moves the formation tactically to a continuation of the mission, branch, or sequel. The commander selects the level of stimulus, rigor, and dilemma complexity based on their assessment of the unit's demonstrated performance.

4-21. The FTX scenario must include training and evaluation opportunities for all the unit's tactical missionessential tasks, as well as any commander-selected tasks specific to the warfighting functions listed in figure
4-3, page 4-9. Commanders integrate these tasks as appropriate across the FTX scenario, during day and night phases of training.

4-22. Each warfighting function includes optional or required tasks that commanders integrate into their training scenario. Commanders integrate those tasks as appropriate or where deemed most beneficial and realistic using various forms of contact or information. The unit conducts the warfighting function integrated tasks during limited and unlimited visibility (night and day) conditions across the entire FTX training scenario eventnot on each maneuver mission-essential task trained.

For example, during a five-day FTX at a local training area, the commander selects call for indirect fire during the company attack day phase, where the commander identifies a subordinate platoon that receives priority of fires. On day two of the FTX, the commander includes training for each subordinate platoon to conduct a call-for-fire illumination mission. Call for fire is incorporated into the training during FTX day operations (HE and smoke) and night operations (illumination), meeting one of the warfighting function integration requirements.
4-23. Units are required to integrate the warfighting functions during the day and night phase at least once for evaluation purposes. They are not required to include them on every training day. This allows the unit to tailor the training and evaluation across the full training days available and progressively increase the rigor and complexity of the tactical situations presented based on their observations (see figure 4-2, page 4-6).

4-24. Conducting FTX at the company level requires a significant amount of training area for the trained unit to provide sufficient standoff and maneuver space to support a trained and equipped OPFOR. Each day, the unit may opt to alter the primary direction of the mission to vary the battlespace of the training unit. Simply changing the orientation and direction of an attack from 1 training day or phase to another allows the unit to maximize the training land available.

## Prepare

4-25. Units execute the FTX in a variety of ways. The primary trainer is the brigade commander with supporting staff and assigned OC/Ts. Units evaluate the Table IV event externally and require the brigade to coordinate for trained OC/Ts.

Note. Units are not authorized to self-evaluate. The EXEVAL portion of the FTX requires that the higher headquarters schedule and coordinate for the appropriate number and type of OC/T for evaluation purposes.

4-26. As the evaluation officer, the brigade commander must ensure the unit SOP or tactical SOP, the selected high-payoff collective tasks for training and evaluation, and their respective training and evaluation outline is available to the subordinate leadership. The company commander and platoon leadership are responsible for training the company and platoons on the why and how the unit conducts the collective tasks to support the unit's mission-essential task that it directly supports.

4-27. Units include the higher headquarters staff and specialty elements (mortars, scouts, sniper teams) into the training and execution of Table IV, when appropriate. This allows the subordinate leaders and Soldiers to understand the battalion or squadron's staff functions, processes, and procedures to broaden their knowledge of the unit's operations and capabilities. The integration of the specialty elements enables the unit to meet some of the warfighting function integration requirements.

4-28. Units provide the following to prepare the trainers:


Commander's training objectives.

Scenario concept with collective tasks to be trained and evaluated.

Rules of engagement for the training event.

Review of the training and evaluation outlines of the mission-essential tasks evaluated.

Review of supporting and individual tasks that directly support or complement the supporting collective and mission-essential tasks.

Conduct of the event brief. Commanders provide how the unit will execute the FTX.

Risk assessment.

Identification of supporting doctrinal publications for use as primary references.

TADSS, pyrotechnics, blanks, and battle effects simulators used during the training event.

## Recon The Site

4-29. The Table IV, FTX uses an authorized training area or series of training areas. Commanders schedule the training location as far in advance as practical following the installation's policies and procedures. Once the method of training and evaluation is established, commanders should secure the training location and appropriate TADSS, equipment, or systems that enhance the training event.

4-30. Once scheduled, the commander and platoon leaders conduct a reconnaissance of the training areas to


Verify sufficient space is available to support the training unit including branches and sequels.

Ensure multiple iterations or rotations through the scenario can be achieved with appropriate
retraining opportunities.

Ensure sufficient administrative areas are available to support group discussions, briefings, and AARs.

Provide sand table or terrain board.

Provide terrain board kits.

Confirm appropriate warfighting function integration capabilities into the concept of the training
event (see figure 4-3).

Verify the training area has the ability to incorporate engineers, direct fire support, special purpose weapons, and sniper teams into the scenario, as the commander directs. Identify authorized dig
locations and required permits within the training area. Identify restricted terrain, environmental
considerations, and any no-go areas within the training sites. (Movement and maneuver.)

Identify the level of fire support that can be included into the training scenario. The FSO or FIST provide fires synchronization and realism. Units should include a fire marker plan to enhance the battle effects of the mission, where appropriate. (Fire support.)

Provide the scenario a threat template that is appropriate to the unit's mission and build a more robust and effective scenario (higher headquarters battalion or brigade intelligence staff officer).
The supporting military intelligence company can provide notional or simulation injected feeds
replicating Shadow or other unmanned systems for scenario development, as appropriate. (Intelligence.)

Verify the training area has the ability to support the unit's training while in a chemical environment, based on the scenario design. (Protection.)

Verify casualty evacuation and MEDEVAC notional or live capabilities in support of the training scenario. (Sustainment.)

Identify command post capabilities and locations in the training areas. Identify any external TOC
configuration that can be incorporated for higher headquarters staff integration, as appropriate.
(Mission command.)

Identify one obstacle intent and the type of breach the unit should conduct to achieve the training objectives (hasty, deliberate, bypass and report, and so forth).

MOVEMENT AND
MANEUVER
Recon the Training Site to Accommodate
ENGINEERS
REQUIRED
Engineers should provide their designated leadership for the training event to provide simulations instructor and operator support, as appropriate.
BREACH
OBSTACLE (OFFENSE)
MISSION DEPENDENT
Engineer leadership should develop offense and defense scenario support at the simulation's instructor or operator or exercise control center station.
INTEGRATE OBSTACLE (DEFENSE) DIRECT FIRE SUPPORT
REQUIRED
For simulation systems that do not provide dismounted Soldier stations, the units should provide sufficient Soldiers to conduct notional FM traffic or role players, as the scenario dictates.
SPECIAL PURPOSE WEAPONS
FIRE SUPPORT
CLOSE AIR SUPPORT
REQUIRED
Units can coordinate for JTAC support for call for fire mission to close air support and attack aviation. JTAC personnel can assist evaluation of proper call-for-fire procedures as
necessary.
ATTACK
AVIATION FIELD ARTILLERY
The unit's FSO or FIST provides evaluation of call-for-fire procedures. Units can include
mortar sections or platoons establish firing positions and conduct drills on demand while supporting the unit's STX-V scenarios.
MORTARS (COMPANY OR BATTALION)
OPTIONAL
ELECTRONIC WARFARE ASSETS
Units request higher level EW capabilities at commander's discretion. Unit employs organic or notional EW systems to build SA. Unit leaders request and incorporate EW information
into their maneuver planning and operations. This provides EW personnel within the
brigade with valuable training opportunities during maneuver operations.
INTELLIGENCE
UAS/UGS
Brigade Shadow Team can provide notional support via FM with limited simulated video feed in support of intelligence operations during the scenario.
REQUIRED
DIGITAL ICON POPULATION
When available, the unit should include reporting mission situation reports, contact reports, far target locate tasks, and other digital messaging during the scenarios.
DIGITAL REPORTS
PROTECTION
CBRN
REQUIRED
Units should include CBRN tasks to their scenarios to exercise the unit's ability to function in a degraded capacity.
OPTIONAL
The unit's FSO or FIST can provide notional air defense and radar function to support the unit's scenario as necessary.
AIR DEFENSE OR COUNTERFIRE
SUSTAINMENT
CASEVAC
REQUIRED
Units are required to rehearse their CASEVAC and MEDEVAC TTP to verify their SOPs during STX-V. Units should include the higher headquarters' medical platoon to assist as
appropriate.
MEDEVAC
MISSION COMMAND
OPORD
2 MINIMUM
FRAGORD
4 MINIMUM
Units must exercise their ability to send and receive OPORD, FRAGORDs, and overlays in
an administrative role, as well as during the training scenarios via analog or digital means.
GRAPHICS OVERLAY
REQUIRED
Legend CASEVAC
casualty evacuation
MEDEVAC
medical evacuation
CBRN
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear
OPORD
operations order
EW
electronic warfare
SA
situational awareness
FIST
fire support team
SOP
standard operating procedure
FM
frequency modulation
STX-V
situational training exercise-virtual
FRAGORD
fragmentary order
TTP
tactics, techniques, and procedures
FSO
fire support officer
UAS
unmanned aircraft system
JTAC
joint terminal attack controller
UGS
unmanned ground system

## Issue The Order

4-31. Commanders can issue an OPORD, a WARNORD, or use the training schedule as necessary. The training unit must ensure all supporting staff or enablers have sufficient time for coordination and preparation prior to the training event.

4-32. WARNORDs to external organizations must include sufficient reaction time for the appropriate personnel and equipment. The WARNORD should include the appropriate tasks, required leaders, and equipment needed, as well as the unit's training timeline including walk-through, rehearsals, and AARs.

4-33. The OPORD or WARNORD should include the list of tasks evaluated during the event and the method of evaluation. Commanders should provide sufficient time for subordinate leaders to train the tasks and skills listed in the order. Commanders should ensure the appropriate training resources are available and accessible.

Upon receipt, subordinate leaders that have SOPs for their organizations must ensure their procedures support and complement the higher headquarters publication.

## Rehearse

4-34. The unit conducts a rehearsal of the training event with all training resources, materials, and equipment available. During the rehearsal, commanders ensure sufficient time is provided for their unit to train to the specified standard, including AARs, retraining time, and verify optional scenarios that increase complexity when warranted.

4-35. For maneuver units that expect to cross-attach to an external unit, the rehearsal is an opportunity for the commander to synchronize the unit SOP with the tactical SOP of their gaining unit or attached personnel or organizations.

4-36. Units should rehearse the training event from start to finish and confirm

Training scenarios are understood by the OPFOR.

Sufficient space is available to provide standoff distances for the unit and OPFOR to build the appropriate tempo of each mission or phase of the operation.

Analog and digital systems are operational within the organization and to the higher headquarters regardless of their location.

Additional OC/Ts training support packages are complete and provide for multiple iterations.

Appropriate doctrinal publications are available for reference.

Sufficient administrative areas are available.

AAR capabilities are reviewed.

Available warfighting function enablers are integrated with the unit or appropriate subordinate unit.

Process for conducting direct fire support tasks.

Methods and actions required to provide fire support.

Integration of attack aviation and CAS during the scenario as required.

Process used to incorporate intelligence activities into the scenario.

Location of retraining for subordinate units as necessary.
4-37. The commander makes any necessary adjustments to the plan and issues FRAGORDs once the unit completes the walk-through and training rehearsal.

## Execute

4-38. Once the unit arrives at the training location, they should


Conduct a safety briefing for the training event.

Provide a conduct of the exercise briefing to establish the sequence of events, timelines, and other training synchronization information.

Conduct sensitive item checks prior to executing training.

Occupy the appropriate assembly area or battle position as the commander directs.

Assign observer and controller with trainers as appropriate.

Issue the OPORD for the training mission.

Execute the training scenario.
4-39. The training unit conducts informal AARs of each progressive scenario within the training mission as the commander directs. Once the training unit completes the mission through a specific training objective or phase of the operation, the commander conducts a formal AAR prior to issuing a FRAGORD for the next mission or mission task.

4-40. During training, the assigned OC/T, commander, and staff review the subordinate unit's performance.

They follow the relevant doctrine, unit SOP, prescribed TTP, and the appropriate training and evaluation outlines.

4-41. Units should escalate the analog and digital stimulus to the training units to increase the complexity of the training event based on their observations. Commanders sustain the tempo of the events to reinforce the need to execute supporting collective tasks rapidly and on demand rather than with a canned, one-task-at-a-time approach to training used during the STX lanes.

4-42. During execution, commanders consider increasing the difficulty, complexity, or rigor to the training events by various means using scenario branches or sequels. Examples of tactical stressors that commanders can instigate are listed below:


Increase OPFOR indirect fires.

Direct additional OPFOR engagements to provide additional tactical dilemmas.

Issue FRAGORDs directing the unit to change the mission rapidly.

Direct trainers to assess battle damage or casualties within the unit.

Increase OPFOR tactical responses and pressures to challenge ammunition consumption, fire control, distribution, and increased calls for support.

Introduce chemical environments into specific phases of a mission.

Alter the composition of the OPFOR.

Add neutral noncombatants to the scenario.

## Assess

4-43. The unit should include all assigned and attached Soldiers and elements in the training event based on the commander's determination of how the unit shall fight to support the combatant commander. The intent of the FTX is to provide an EXEVAL of the organization, its subordinate units, and attached elements on their mission-essential tasks and supporting collective tasks that the commander deems critical to their success.

4-44. Periodically after completing a phase, branch, or sequel of the training scenario, the commander may direct the unit to conduct


An informal AAR facilitated by the assigned OC/T, commander, and staff, as appropriate.

A formal AAR led by the commander using the training notes provided by the OC/Ts, executive officer, operations officer, and command sergeant major.
4-45. At the completion of the training event, key leaders discuss with their senior leaders any shortcomings, gaps, or disconnects between SOPs by echelon, and determine any corrective actions. With the input from the OC/T and unit leadership, the commander provides retraining opportunities as necessary, including additional scenarios.

Note. At the completion of the company training strategy, the key leaders and their commander assess their performance during all six training events (Table I through VI), review their SOPs, and validate their accuracy and effectiveness for continued use.

4-46. OC/Ts should provide clear and articulate comments and insight on the positive and negative actions of the subordinate units they observed. OC/Ts use the training and evaluation outlines to guide them through the evaluation process, and use a variety of doctrinal publications to support their comments, discussions, and critiques of the unit observed.

4-47. The OC/T and unit leadership should review the training and evaluation outlines, training notes, and observations, to determine which tasks require additional attention through the remainder of the training density. They also can identify where additional complexities and tactical challenges can be induced during training where mastery has been demonstrated.

4-48. The commander should share the overall performance of the unit, including the observations, with the entire training unit. This allows the subordinate units to learn from other unit's best practices, procedures, and tactics, and at times from their shortcomings or mistakes. The commander should identify leaders within the organization that have demonstrated superior performance and tactical competence by assigning them as OC/Ts during future training events, internal and external to the organization.

4-49. At the completion of the FTX, commanders gain insight to where their unit's SOPs are working and where they need additional attention. If time is available, commanders should capture where the SOPs require attention, update, and provide those changes or revisions to the unit prior to executing any live-fire event.

4-50. Commanders identify the unit or subordinate unit that requires retraining of specific tasks during the AAR with input from the OC/Ts, staff, attached leaders, and the facility instructor operators. Once the commander identifies the retraining needs of the unit, they should execute a retraining event of the scenario.

For minor tactical adjustments for the unit or subordinate units, the commander may opt to discuss different methods to complete the task, followed by back-briefs using terrain models or sand tables, rather than executing the entire training scenario. A retraining event of the scenario may consist of the following:


The entire company executing the training scenario again.

A select subordinate unit executing the training scenario.

Rotating subordinate units through different mission tasks to support the supporting collective task.

## Chapter 5 Fire Coordination Exercise

Chapter 5 describes the requirements of the FCX. The chapter discusses how the exercise integrates into the unit training plan following the structure of the IWTS. Units can use the descriptive guidelines in this chapter for the company FCX. This chapter details the purpose, method, and end state for the training event. An FCX is a live-fire training event. The training event is designed to train commanders, staffs, and key leaders in planning, integrating, and synchronizing direct and indirect fires, CAS, attack aviation, and other warfighting functions to support maneuver under live-fire conditions. Typically, an FCX is a reduced force exercise at a reduced tempo. At a minimum, key leaders and fire support personnel represent the units. Units may use subcaliber devices, pyrotechnics, or battle effects simulators as substitutes for full-caliber munitions that represent the appropriate combat effects.

## Event Overview

5-1. Live-fire training exercises provide an excellent environment for the simultaneous performance of multi-echelon training activities to evaluate and sustain the skills of Soldiers, leaders, teams, and units.

Exercises simulate battle conditions to train leaders under mission-unique conditions and standards for training, evaluating, and applying the best TTP to the mission being trained (see figure 5-1). The FCX
requires minimal troop support. Units can train at home station to provide commanders, leaders, and staffs with realistic training in the art of command of synchronizing combat power during operations.

5-2. Units conduct the exercises in the Company, Table V, FCX in a live environment under live-fire conditions. Units conduct the FCX with key leaders and enablers to build proficiency of the unit's synchronization and coordination of fire and maneuver across multiple warfighting functions. The FCX
verifies and validates the leader's proficiency with critical collective and supporting collective tasks that the unit performs in a combat environment when executing their mission-essential tasks.

5-3. During the FCX, leaders must build and demonstrate proficiency with individual and collective tasks.

These tasks support integration and synchronization of direct and indirect fires, CAS, attack aviation, and other warfighting function enablers while executing mission-essential tasks on a reduced scale. Table V is a key training event conducted prior to the echelon's live-fire exercise EXEVAL.

## Purpose

5-4. The purpose of the FCX is to provide a focused training event for the unit's leaders to synchronize direct and indirect fires, CAS, attack aviation, and other integrated warfighting functions. The leaders train while operating in the offense or defense at a reduced tempo using full or subcaliber training munitions.

5-5. The FCX requires a reduced force replicating the critical subordinate elements. The FCX builds leader skills in the integration, timing, coordination, and execution of critical live-fire actions.

## Method

5-6. The FCX is commander designed for a limited size force (typically key leaders and integrated enabler leadership). During the exercise, the force executes critical direct and indirect fires, ground to air coordination, and other critical tasks on a live-fire facility or established training area.

5-7. Table V is the commander's training event to validate the subordinate leader's ability to synchronize fires, coordination within the unit's battlespace. Also, Table V is a training event to integrate key enablers into a reduced tempo live-fire event prior to conducting a full-scale, combined arms LFX.

## End State

5-8. Organizations train to a level of proficiency that allows them to accomplish their combat or deployed operation successfully. The unit and its subordinate assigned or attached elements must demonstrate (in a live environment under live-fire conditions) their ability to execute mission essential, critical, or directed tasks. Units must adequately demonstrate their proficiency on commander-selected collective tasks, procedures, drills, and battle tasks that synchronize direct fires, indirect fires, and other enablers.

5-9. The FCX provides a means for the commander to


Instruct the mission essential and supporting collective tasks to their subordinate units in a live environment under live-fire condition using realistic scenarios.

Validate the subordinate unit's SOP to ensure synchronization and consistency with the unit SOP.

Reinforce previous training focused on critical skills and tasks with multiple training iterations.

Build confidence integrating warfighting functions and enablers during a live-fire event.

Ensure timing for direct and indirect fires synchronizes effectively to promote fire and maneuver of the organization.

## Planning Considerations

5-10. Company, Table V, FCX is a live-fire event that trains commanders, staffs, and key leaders in planning and integrating direct fires, indirect fires, attack aviation, and CAS to support maneuver. At a minimum, units execute Table V as a reduced force exercise; key leaders, key subordinate leaders, and fire support personnel with their organic platforms and systems represent units. Units may substitute full caliber munitions with subcaliber ammunition and devices based on resources available or restrictions beyond the evaluation commander's control.

5-11. The FCX requires the integration of specific warfighting functions by echelon and stresses the synchronization of fire and maneuver at a reduced tempo. The FCX builds upon skills trained and tested during Table I, II, and III and prepares the company for the CALFEX, trained at full-tempo.

## Plan

5-12. Planning begins with identifying whom to train during the FCX. Next, the commander conducts a training assessment to determine who needs additional training. By referencing the appropriate missionessential task and universal task list, the commander can identify and incorporate each task's conditions and standards into the training plan.

5-13. Once complete, the commander establishes the training objectives for the FCX. The unit commanders develop an OPORD for the mission in advance of the training event. The unit commanders use an OPORD
to develop an event list and timeline. The commanders tie the event list and timeline to the specific direct and indirect fire, mission command, and warfighting functions integrated into the training event. This process allows commanders to focus their training resources on the tasks selected for training during the training assessment process.

Note. Company, Table V, FCX is developed and coordinated at the brigade level. This chapter uses the plan, prepare, execute, and assess operations process as an outline for units developing their Table V event.

5-14. Company, Table V, FCX is a complex training event for the company and troop prior to Company, Table VI, CALFEX. This training event is for all Soldiers who are assigned, attached, or designated to the company as a member of a


Subordinate unit.

Assigned specialty unit.

Cross-attached enabler small unit (based on the specified task that is to be trained).
Note. Commanders have the option to execute Table V with key leaders and attached enabler leadership representing their subordinate element only Commanders can conduct the FCX at full-scale with all personnel, equipment, and full-caliber munitions, if resources are available.

5-15. During the planning process, commanders must be familiar with the following general information related to the company FCX:


Prerequisites. All subordinate units, attachments, and integrated warfighting function enablers must be qualified to perform their core tasks according to applicable training strategies in their designated field of expertise in order to provide those skills during the company and troop-level FCX.

Condemnation criteria. Table V is relevant only to the current training density and may not be used to meet any prerequisites beyond that training density.

Environment and conditions. The FCX is conducted in the live environment, under live-fire
conditions. The unit rehearses through sand tables, walk-throughs, or other methods based on the
commander's intent and guidance. Units must plan for sufficient resources and coordinate with
external enablers to ensure resources are forecasted and available. Typically, this training event is
executed with key leaders and attached enabler leadership. Although the entire unit is present, typically
only a portion of the unit fires training ammunition for synchronization and effects.

Training days required. Each company-size element is authorized a minimum of 1 training day to
conduct the FCX. Additional days may be required for retraining as necessary.

Frequency. When directed, units conduct the FCX annually as part of their company-training plan.

Throughput. A battalion can expect to complete one company-size element per day on the training
facility as follows:

Day 1, unit preparation and rehearsal.

Day 2, day and night fire coordination live-fire execution.
Note. Primary and alternate facilities. The FCX may be conducted on a digital range facility
(digital multipurpose range complex, digital air-ground integration range, battle area complex), on a large, maneuver live-fire range, or on a safety certified training area. Units may use multiple ranges and training areas simultaneously to support the size and structure of their formation synchronized by the unit's mission command nodes, installation support, and other methods.

5-16. Planning includes the identification and allocation of ammunition; petroleum, oil, and lubricants
(POL); equipment; and support personnel. Coordination of facilities and resources is a continuous process through execution. Prerequisite individual and collective training continue throughout the planning phases.

5-17. Detailed planning by the evaluation commander's headquarters focuses on the training objectives and development of the scenario. The evaluation commander's specified mission may be the same primary mission for each company, or it may vary between companies based on their mission-essential task assessments, capabilities, combatant commander guidance, or other requirements. The commander's initial guidance may specify the exercise tasks or develop as the commander designs the scenario.

5-18. Each unit, with their specific weapon systems, involved in the upcoming CALFEX must be included in the planning process. The following is a discussion of the key considerations for the different types of units, enablers, and warfighting functions. The unprecedented ground mobility of stabilized weapon system platforms necessitates the design of deep ranges to maximize the use of their advanced capabilities. Targets on ranges are heated (thermalized) to facilitate acquisition by weapon system platforms and sensors.

Note. See Appendix B for detailed, scenario development requirements for all live-fire training events. Appendix B applies to Table IV, FTX; Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX, as well as any unit developed live-fire training events or exercises that utilize a scenario to guide the training unit through specific tasks.

5-19. Units are required to integrate the warfighting functions during the day and night phase at least once for evaluation purposes (see figure 5-2). They are not required to include them on every training day. This allows the unit to tailor the training and evaluation across the full training days available and progressively increase the rigor and complexity of the tactical situations presented based on their observations.

Note. Commanders may choose to integrate specific warfighting function tasks during Table V, FCX that can significantly increase the company's proficiency for Table VI, CALFEX
evaluations. The commander may also elect to integrate additional tasks listed within figure 5-2
that are deemed beneficial to the company training in order to obtain the proficiency level on the desired tasks selected by the commander. In doing so, this enables a unit to maximize training opportunities on commander-selected tasks using a progressive training model needed to achieve the desired end state prior to evaluation.

## Ammunition Requirements

5-20. The ammunition requirements are listed by the weapon, system, or element that participates in the training event (appendix A). The unit may adjust training ammunition requirements based on resources available within their training accounts, but should not be less than those quantities listed.

Note. Commanders may elect to conduct the "dry, blank, and live" method based on the resources available and current proficiency of the unit that is training to mitigate risk during the live-fire training events.

5-21. Not all weapons, systems, or platforms are resourced training ammunition for the company-level FCX.

Units should review their training ammunition accounts to determine the appropriate amount of munitions for their event. Most training strategies provide sufficient ammunition during the previous echelon's training, such that harvested munitions (first round hit savings), can be utilized for the FCX. Harvested ammunition are munitions that typically are turned-in after the previous training events, sometimes referred to as first round hit savings.

5-22. Refer to appendix A to review the minimum training munitions requirements for each training event.

The quantities listed in appendix A are recommended munitions quantities and may not reflect the authorized munitions found in DA PAM 350-38 for the fiscal year. The recommended munitions quantities are provided to create the most realistic and effective training event. Units should refer to DA PAM 350-38 to identify the fiscal year's authorizations for each event by weapon type and to review the commander's intent and munitions expected for use during the training event. Units should augment the quantities listed with munitions they have within their Total Ammunition Management Information System account.

5-23. The intent of the mortar training ammunition requirements is to provide a minimum of two call-for-fire missions during the day phase and two fire missions during the night phase (minimum one illumination mission). The day phase includes smoke and HE.

5-24. Ammunition listed above is to support one complete maneuver battalion through the company FCX.

Units should focus on one day and night fire mission for each company or troop. Units should focus additional munitions on training during the upcoming CALFEX, unless additional, indirect fire synchronization training is required. The BCT commander must approve additional training ammunition to support the maneuver company's Table V.

5-25. Units must prepare to issue and turn-in large quantities of small arms ammunition. Typically, units provide small arms ammunition in larger quantities to the training unit so the Infantry Soldiers can experience a combat-realistic weight burden. Units should only provide small arms ammunition to modified table of organization and equipment combat arms firers that are part of the training maneuver unit. Units should not provide ammunition to non-combat arms Soldiers unless required by specific scenario events.

## Range Requirements

5-26. Maneuver installations have various training facilities to support the company FCX. No matter the installation, multiple facilities, training areas, and dedicated and temporary impact areas are required to conduct the FCX to standard.

5-27. The Army's family of maneuver ranges provides a vast array of capabilities that provide a combat realistic scenario. Each installation and their facilities have limitations and restrictions. Units must fully understand the capabilities, limitations, constraints, and restrictions that affect their training event's development and execution.

5-28. Refer to TC 25-8 for detailed information on live-fire range capabilities, limitations, layout, and general targetry information. Refer to DA PAM 385-63 and AR 385-63 for surface danger zones (known as SDZs), weapon danger zones personnel requirements, and other live-fire information. Units must review the appropriate range regulations and Department of the Army pamphlets, as well as their local range regulations, policies, and procedures during their planning process to ensure their training scenarios are viable and safe.

## Prepare

5-29. The company and troop's training strategy events completed prior to the FCX provide preparation for Table V. Units should maximize the platoon and company training plans, as well as the Table V rehearsal period (typically Day 1) to prepare for the live-fire portion of Table V, FCX. Units should ensure subordinate unit training plans support the critical, supporting collective tasks and critical leader tasks that support the company and troop FCX and CALFEX. Units should ensure subordinate unit training plans are integrated into their unit training plan.

5-30. Units preparing to execute company training events use their SOP throughout the training density.

Commanders use the SOP to validate the subordinate unit's SOP and to confirm the higher headquarters SOP
is supported. The subordinate elements of the training unit should be aware of the purpose, method, and end state of Table V and how their training plans support the unit's mission-essential tasks.

## Resource The Training

5-31. The FCX requires the unit to coordinate and secure the following resources (see appendix A and appendix B for detailed information):


Full and subcaliber training munitions.

Demolitions.

Pyrotechnics.

Battle effects simulators.

Live-fire facility or safety certified training area based on unit composition (see TC 25-8 and
TC 25-1 for additional information).

Training areas for unit assembly area activities prior to and after FCX execution.

Maneuver areas that support the tactical scenario for the FCX prior to and after live fire.
5-32. Units must plan and secure resources early to ensure availability and accessibility during the training event. Ammunition resources must be forecasted a minimum of 90 days in advance of training to allow sufficient time for shipment to the servicing ammunition supply point.

## Train And Rehearse The Observer-Controller Trainers

5-33. The training and certification of the OC/Ts is critical during the preparation phase. The OC/Ts must be tactically and technically proficient in the task they are to evaluate. The OC/Ts must conduct an effective AAR that facilitates self-discovery of key issues for the unit, establishes cause and effect, solves or leads to solving the problems identified, and fosters an environment for continuous improvement.

5-34.  OC/Ts have an important role in ensuring live-fire training is conducted safely and are a key mitigation measure in the risk assessment process. As such, OC/Ts must be thoroughly familiar with the weapons that will be employed and must understand their effects. They must be familiar with the range to include firing limits, firing points, maneuver boxes, target locations, and indirect fire targets. To ensure safe live-fire maneuver, OC/Ts must know all fire control measures used in the FCX including phase lines, target reference point (TRP) locations, azimuths for firing, triggers and signals that drive shifting or ceasing fires, and any other controls the commander chooses to employ.

5-35. Additionally, the OC/Ts should reference and visualize applicable doctrine, training and evaluation outlines, and TTP during the conduct of the AAR to facilitate understanding. They must be completely familiar with the conditions and standards of the tasks trained and must know the evaluated units' tactical SOPs.

## Train Unit Leaders On Related Ttp

5-36. Training unit leaders on the related TTP is key to the successful execution of the FCX. Unit commanders ensure their subordinate leaders train on the tasks, conditions, and standards of the FCX.

Training should include a review of the appropriate training and evaluation outlines and related TTP for the mission and tasks.

5-37. A series of officer, professional development sessions, or other informal training seminars is one method for training subordinate leaders. These should include junior leader seminars, officer professional development and noncommissioned officer professional development classes to best educate the junior leaders prior to the event.

## Leaders Rehearsal

5-38. Rehearsals help leaders and subordinates understand the conduct of events and their responsibilities.

Rehearsals help the organization synchronize training with times, places, logistics, and training support. A rehearsal of a concept drill helps leaders visualize an event as it unfolds as well as likely branches and sequels if leaders must adjust the training. Leaders conduct rehearsals using the various levels and techniques described in ADP 7-0.

5-39. Units use sand tables or terrain models to reinforce subordinate leader understanding of the conduct training event, as well as rehearsing the critical collective tasks trained during the FCX. The rehearsals should include digital and analog stimulus and drivers that initiate action by the training unit, including the various branches and sequels developed.

5-40. The operations officer uses rehearsals to verify the conduct of the range events, movement and control of reconnaissance elements, and to synchronize maneuver unit actions. In addition, rehearsals help the operations officer to proof the scenario stimulus events or actions that drive the training unit to the appropriate tasks, drills, or actions.

## Execute

5-41. Commanders should limit the firing elements to leaders only. The FCX does not require the entire unit participate, but if the training footprint supports it, the entire unit should tactically participate with leader elements completing the live-fire tasks.

5-42. Units complete Table V prior to Table VI, CALFEX. Depending on the higher headquarters training plan, units can execute Table V before or after Table IV, Field Training Exercise. Units may execute Table V in a manner that fits the commander's plan and range facility, training area availability, and accessibility.

5-43. Table V consists of 1 training day and one multi-echelon preparation day. The FCX has a day and a night phase with multiple progressive actions determined by the commander. An example flow for the company FCX is


Day 1, day phase:

Assembly area occupation.

Assembly area activities.

Tactical movement to the range facility or authorized training area; walk through or rehearsal.

Establishing hasty defensive positions.

Scenario rehearsal.

Fire coordination, distribution, and synchronization rehearsal.

Reconsolidation and reorganization rehearsal.

Tactical movement to an assembly area or battle position not on the training facility.

Day AAR.

Day assembly area activities.

Day 1, night phase:

Preparation for night operations.

Tactical movement to the range facility or authorized training area.

Establishing hasty defensive positions.

Scenario rehearsal.

Fire coordination, distribution, and synchronization rehearsal.

Reconsolidation and reorganization rehearsal.

Tactical movement to an assembly area or battle position not on the training facility.

Night after AAR.

Night assembly area activities.

Day 2, day phase:

Assembly area activities.

Tactical movement to the range facility or authorized training area.

Establishing hasty defensive positions.

Scenario execution.

Fire coordination, distribution, and synchronization.

Reconsolidation and reorganization.

Tactical movement to an assembly area or battle positions not on the training facility.

Day AAR.

Day 2, night phase:

Preparation for night operations.

Tactical movement to the range facility or authorized training area.

Establishing hasty defensive positions.

Scenario execution.

Fire coordination, distribution, and synchronization.

Reconsolidation and reorganization.

Tactical movement to an assembly area or battle position not on the training facility.

Night AAR.

## Assess

5-44. At the completion of each phase of Table V, key leaders discuss with their senior leader any shortcomings, gaps, or disconnects between SOPs by echelon, actions that require additional training or synchronization efforts, missing tasks or actions that should be included, and determine any corrective actions necessary. Commanders use the AAR process to educate junior leaders and subordinates to reinforce the training objectives, identify shortfalls and corrective measures, as well as identify strengths within their formation.

## Prepare And Conduct The After Action Review

5-45. The evaluation process for an FCX is continuous. The AAR is informal and focuses on the tasks, conditions, and standards selected for training. The training evaluations and subsequent AARs are integral to the training management process.

Note. FM 7-0 provides a detailed description of the AAR process.

5-46. Commanders review the notes from the various OC/Ts, subordinate leaders, fire support officers, and others to determine the proficiency of the participating key leaders and their ability to execute the critical synchronization and maneuver tasks. Once complete with the review, the commander assesses the organization's ability to complete the tasks at the reduced tempo, identifies key areas to retrain at the company level, and develops a retraining plan, as appropriate.

## Conduct Retraining

5-47. Corrective training allows participants to translate observations and evaluation into corrective action.

Additional training allows the participants to apply the lessons learned during the execution and AAR.

Leaders understand that during the training event, participants may not perform the all the evaluated tasks to the desired standard. Therefore, during the short-range and near-term planning process, commanders provide flexibility within the training events that facilitate additional training immediately following the AAR.

5-48. The FCX focuses on the very basic level of trainingthe coordination of direct and indirect fires with maneuver and mission command. Once a unit has successfully demonstrated performance on the selected tasks, the unit prepares to move on to more complex, rigorous, and demanding collective training events.

## Chapter 6 Combined Arms Live-Fire Exercise

This chapter describes the requirements of Company, Table VI, CALFEX and how it integrates into their unit training plan following the structure of the IWTS. Units use the descriptive guidelines in this chapter to conduct Company, Table VI CALFEX. This chapter provides the purpose, method, and end state for the training event.

## Event Overview

6-1. A CALFEX is an externally, evaluated maneuver live-fire event that measures a unit's proficiency in executing a mission-essential task. A CALFEX evaluates the commander and the unit's ability to integrate organic weapons systems, subordinate units, and multiple warfighting functions at full-tempo using fullcaliber ammunition. Attached units employ their associated weapons systems.

6-2. CALFEXs provide an excellent environment for the simultaneous performance of multi-echelon training activities to evaluate and sustain the skills of Soldiers, leaders, teams, staffs, and units. Figure 6-1
illustrates where the company CALFEX falls within the overall company and troop training strategy.

6-3. Exercises simulate operational environment conditions to train leaders under mission-unique conditions and standards for training, evaluating, and applying the best TTP to the mission being trained. This exercise may use minimal troop support. Units can execute the event at home station to provide commanders, leaders, and staffs with realistic practice in executing wartime missions. Goals associated with live-fire training exercises, including the CALFEX are


Sustain Soldier, leader, and collective skills.

Develop and sustain mission command skills.

Increase combat realism with complex and challenging conditions and effects.
6-4. Units conduct Company, Table VI, CALFEX in a live environment under live-fire conditions. Units conduct the CALFEX with all subordinate elements and enablers to build proficiency of the unit's synchronization and coordination of fire and maneuver across multiple warfighting functions. The CALFEX verifies and validates the leader's proficiency on critical, collective, and supporting collective tasks that the unit performs in a combat environment.

6-5. During Table VI, leaders must demonstrate proficiency with individual and collective tasks. These tasks support integration and synchronization of direct and indirect fires, CAS, attack aviation, and other warfighting function enablers. Table VI is the maneuver company's LFPG, required to progress to battalion and above live-fire training events.

## Purpose

6-6. The purpose of a CALFEX is to provide a focused training event for the unit's leaders to synchronize direct and indirect fires, CAS, attack aviation, and other integrated warfighting functions, while operating in the offense or defense, at a full, combat-realistic tempo using full-caliber training munitions. The CALFEX
is conducted with a day and night phase to ensure mission-essential task proficiency in varying visibility conditions.

6-7. The CALFEX is the unit's LFPG. It must be successfully completed, day and night, prior to advancing to a battalion or higher CALFEX.

## Method

6-8. Table VI is designed for a maneuver company-size unit with all associated or attached elements. The unit executes direct and indirect fires, ground to air coordination, and other critical tasks on a live-fire facility or established training area. The unit conducts a training mission replicating a minimum of one mission-essential task, day and night.

6-9. The CALFEX is externally evaluated by a trained and certified OC/T team using the approved training and evaluation outlines. The evaluation commander determines the overall unit proficiency of the live-fire mission-essential task using the training and evaluation outlines provided by the OC/T team.

## End State

6-10. Units train to a level of proficiency that allows them to accomplish their combat mission or deployment operation successfully. The training unit (with all assigned or attached subordinate elements) must demonstrate (in a live environment, under live-fire conditions) their ability to execute mission essential, critical, or directed tasks. For the commander, Table VI, CALFEX (EXEVAL) provides a means to


Evaluate the mission essential and supporting collective tasks to their subordinate units in a live
environment under live-fire conditions using realistic scenarios.

Validate the subordinate unit's SOP to ensure synchronization and consistency with the unit SOP.

Reinforce previous training focused on critical skills and tasks with multiple training iterations.

Build confidence integrating warfighting functions and enablers.

Ensure timing for direct and indirect fires is synchronized to promote fire and maneuver of the organization.

## Planning Considerations

6-11. Company, Table VI, CALFEX is an externally evaluated maneuver live-fire event that measures a unit's proficiency in executing a series of supporting collective tasks and at least one mission-essential task.

Table VI evaluates the key and subordinate leader's ability to integrate organic weapons systems, subordinate units, and multiple warfighting functions in combat realistic conditions, both day and night. Table VI uses full caliber training ammunition on an authorized live-fire facility or safety certified training area.

6-12. Table VI is the company's externally evaluated LFPG. The LFPG provides commanders with a common standard to create an unbiased assessment of the element's overall proficiency. Successful completion of the LFPG is required to progress to any higher echelon, live-fire event.

## Concept

6-13. A CALFEX is a costly, resource-intensive exercise in which combined arms teams maneuver and employ organic and supporting weapon systems, enablers, and warfighting functions. A CALFEX is the most realistic measure of combined arms combat readiness and is an integral part of every maneuver unit's training program.

6-14. Commanders must be aware of the limitations of the CALFEX particularly concerning flank maneuvering while firing on live-fire ranges. Available terrain on the installation range facilities rarely supports this type of maneuver. Use of nonfiring maneuver areas, in conjunction with live firing ranges, assists in achieving realism and adds tactical training not possible on live-fire ranges alone.

6-15. Commanders should use LFXs to train certain aspects of combat readiness, such as distribution, coordination, and synchronization of fires. Commands should try to link multiple, digital, multipurpose range facilities (digital, multipurpose range complex; digital, multipurpose training range; digital, air-ground integration range). Commanders should synchronize, coordinate, and control coordination of all warfighting function enablers available whether at the same ranges, multiple facilities, or at a variety of live-fire ranges for maximum training value whenever possible.

6-16. For an exercise of this nature to be effective, it must involve detailed planning and careful resourcing.

Commanders should integrate supplementary missions and a wide range of supporting tasks into the exercise.

Resources, including ammunition, personnel, equipment, maneuver areas, and firing ranges must be programmed and coordinated early in the planning process to ensure that units can conduct the exercise day and night.

6-17. This information is not intended to supersede the live-fire program at the collective training centers, but to complement it. Certain planning aspects described herein address common constraints at Army installations worldwide. These same constraints may be relaxed at the collective training center because of the nature of the terrain and to enhance realism.

## Training Methodology

6-18. Command elements (battalion, brigade, or division) participate in all aspects of planning, execution, and evaluation of CALFEX participants. They receive reports from the maneuvering company team, issue FRAGORDs, portray the friendly and enemy situation throughout the battlefield, and coordinate the maneuver and support of sustainment unit elements not under the company's span of control. If the exercise actively integrates sustainment tasks, the command elements provide mission control, and direct and support resupply and reconstitution. A CALFEX must have a minimum of three different weapon system platforms participating in the event (such as mobile gun system [known as MGS], Stryker Infantry carrier vehicle
[known as ICV], and mortars).

6-19. The primary trainer during a company CALFEX is the brigade commander. Their participation reinforces the chain of command and provides first-hand observation of the subordinate staff, commanders, and supporting assets. A CALFEX gives units the opportunity to accomplish multi-echelon, combined arms training and evaluation throughout the battalion task force.

6-20. The training objective of a CALFEX is to accomplish a designated combat mission (attack, defend, movement to contact) with full-caliber ammunition, a realistic target array, and required support and sustainment unit assets. The CATS contains applicable standards for the selected mission as modified by local conditions and the commander's guidance. For additional information concerning the development of the CALFEX scenario, see appendix B.

## Plan

6-21. Planning begins with identifying whom to train during the CALFEX. Next, the commander conducts a training assessment to determine which tasks and subtasks need additional training. The unit references the appropriate mission-essential task and universal task list to identify and incorporate each task's conditions and standards into the training plan, and to integrate them into the event's scenario.

6-22. Once complete, the commander establishes the training objectives for the CALFEX. The unit commander and staff develop an OPORD for the mission in advance of the training event. The unit uses an OPORD to develop an event list and timeline that is tied to the specific direct and indirect fire, mission command, and warfighting functions integrated into the training event. This process allows commanders to focus their training resources on the tasks selected for training during the training assessment process.

Note. The Company, Table VI, CALFEX is developed and coordinated at the brigade level. This chapter uses the plan, prepare, execute, and assess operations process as an outline for units developing their Table VI event.

6-23. Table VI, CALFEX, is a complex training event for the company and troop. This training event is for all Soldiers that are assigned or designated as follows:


Assigned as a member of the company or troop.

Attached as a member of a specialty unit or cross-attachment small unit to the company or troop.
6-24. During the planning process, commanders must be familiar with the following information:


Prerequisites. All subordinate units, attachments, and integrated warfighting function enablers must be qualified to perform their core tasks prior to providing those skills for the company and troop.

Condemnation criteria. Table VI proficiency assessment is condemned when any of the following conditions are met:

Rule 1, time. Twelve months has elapsed since completing the proficiency gate.

Rule 2, key leader turnover. When two of the following key leaders that participated in the proficiency event are no longer assigned to the organization: commander, executive officer,
or first sergeant.

Rule 3, commander assessment. A senior commander in the chain of command determines the unit no longer maintains proficiency for any reason.

Rule 4, subordinate element proficiency. When the minimum number of subordinate elements (one level down) fail to maintain their proficiency as described in the respective
training publication.

Rule 5, specialty proficiency. When a unit has specifically assigned specialty units (scout platoon, mortar platoon, mortar section, sniper team, and so forth) within its formation that the commander specifically controls, the minimum number of those specialty units that fail to maintain their proficiency. This includes failing to maintain the required training or special skill identifiers (ASI B1, Infantry Mortar Leader's Course graduate for example).

Environment and conditions. The CALFEX is conducted in a live environment under live-fire
conditions. The unit is required to rehearse using sand tables, walk-through, or other methods based on the commander's intent and guidance prior to live-fire execution. Units must plan for sufficient resources for their unit and coordinate with external enablers to ensure sufficient
resources are forecasted and available.

Training days required. Each company-size element is authorized 2 training days to conduct the
CALFEX. Additional days may be required for retraining, as necessary.

Frequency. CALFEX is conducted once annually as part of their company training plan for maneuver units unless specifically directed otherwise.

Throughput. A battalion can expect to complete one company-size element per day on the training
facility as follows:

Day 1, unit preparation and rehearsal.

Day 2, day and night mission execution.

Primary and alternate facilities. The CALFEX may be conducted on a digital range facility (digital multipurpose range complex, digital air-ground integration range, battle area complex), on a large maneuver live-fire range, or on a safety certified training area. Units may conduct a CALFEX
using a combination of facilities and training areas as authorized by the installation.
6-25. Planning includes the identification and allocation of ammunition, POL, equipment, and support personnel. Coordination of facilities and resources is a continuous process through execution. Prerequisite individual and collective training continue throughout the planning phases.

6-26. Detailed planning by the evaluation commander's headquarters focuses on the training objectives and development of the scenario. The mission specified by the evaluation commander may be the same primary mission for each company or it may vary between companies based on their mission-essential task assessments. The exercise tasks may be specified in the commander's initial guidance or developed as the scenario is designed.

6-27. See Appendix B for detailed, scenario development requirements for all live-fire training events.

Appendix B applies to Table IV, FTX; Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX, as well as any unit-developed, live-fire training events or exercises that utilize a scenario to guide the training unit through specific tasks.

6-28. Units are required to integrate the warfighting functions during the day and night phase at least once for evaluation purposes (see figure 6-2, page 6-6). They are not required to include them on every training day. This allows the unit to tailor the training and evaluation across the full training days available and progressively increase the rigor and complexity of the tactical situations presented based on their observations.

## Ammunition Requirements

6-29. The minimum ammunition requirements are listed in appendix A by the weapon, system, or element that participates in the training event. The unit may adjust the ammunition requirements based on resources available within their training accounts, but should not be less than those quantities listed.

Note. Commanders may elect to conduct the "dry, blank, and live" method based on the resources available and current proficiency of the unit that is training to mitigate risk during the live-fire training events.

6-30. Not all weapons, systems, or platforms are resourced adequate training ammunition for the company-level CALFEX's complexity. Units should review their training ammunition accounts and determine the appropriate amount of munitions for their event. Most training strategies provide sufficient ammunition during the previous training events so that the CALFEX can utilize the harvested munitions (first round hit savings). Harvested ammunition are munitions that are turned-in typically after the previous training events, sometimes referred to as first round hit savings.

6-31. The intent of the mortar ammunition requirements is to provide a minimum of two call-for-fire missions during the day phase with smoke and HE, and two fire missions during the night phase (minimum one illumination mission). The training ammunition resource requirements listed in appendix A are sufficient to support all companies within the battalion or squadron supported. The recommended ammunition resources listed in appendix A support the company CALFEX. Units should focus on one fire mission day and night for each company or troop.

Note. Units must be prepared to issue and turn-in large quantities of small arms ammunition. Typically, units provide small arms ammunition in larger quantities to the training unit to provide a combat-realistic weight burden to the dismounted Infantry Soldiers. Units should only provide small arms ammunition to those modified table of organization and equipment combat arms firers that are part of the training maneuver unit. Units should not provide ammunition to noncombat arms Soldiers unless specific scenario events require it.

## Range Requirements

6-32. Maneuver installations have various training facilities that can support the company CALFEX. The Army's family of maneuver ranges provide combat realistic scenarios. Each installation's facilities have limitations and restrictions. Units must fully understand the capabilities, limitations, constraints, and restrictions that directly impact their training event's development and execution.

6-33. Refer to TC 25-8 for detailed information on live-fire range capabilities, limitations, layout, and general targetry information. Refer to DA PAM 385-63 for SDZ, personnel requirements, and other live-fire information. Units must review the appropriate range regulations and Department of the Army pamphlets, including their local range regulations, policies, and procedures during their planning process to ensure their training scenarios are viable and safe.

## Prepare

6-34. Company, Tables I through IV provide preparation for Table VI, CALFEX. Units should maximize the platoon and company training plans and the Table VI rehearsal period (typically Day 1) to prepare for execution. Units should ensure subordinate, unit training plans that support the critical supporting collective tasks and the critical leader tasks that support the company CALFEX are integrated into their training plans, respectively.

6-35. Units preparing to execute company training events use their SOP throughout the training density. Use of the unit SOP enables the commander to validate the subordinate unit's SOP and to confirm the higher headquarters SOP is effectively supported. The subordinate elements of the training unit should be aware of the purpose, method, and end state of Table VI. The subordinate elements should know how their training plans support the unit's mission-essential tasks.

## Resource The Training

6-36. This training event requires the following resources:


Full or subcaliber training munitions.

Demolitions.

Pyrotechnics.

Battle effects simulators.

Live-fire facility or safety certified training area based on unit composition (see TC 25-8 and
TC 25-1 for additional information).

Training areas for unit assembly area activities prior to and after the FCX execution.

Maneuver areas that support the tactical scenario for the FCX prior to and after live fire.

## Train And Rehearse The Observer-Controller Trainers

6-37. The training and certification of the OC/Ts is critical during the preparation phase. The OC/Ts must be tactically and technically proficient in the tasks they are to evaluate. The OC/Ts must be able to conduct an effective AAR that facilitates self-discovery of key issues for the unit, establishes cause and effect, solves or leads to solving the problems identified, and fosters an environment for continuous improvement.

6-38. Additionally, the OC/Ts should reference and visualize applicable doctrine and TTP during the conduct of the AAR to facilitate understanding. They must have a thorough understanding of the conditions and standards of the task that will be trained, and must know the evaluated units' tactical SOP.

6-39. OC/Ts have an important role in ensuring live-fire training is conducted safely and are a key mitigation measure in the risk assessment process. As such, OC/Ts must be thoroughly familiar with the weapons that will be employed and must understand their effects. They must be familiar with the range to include firing limits, firing points, maneuver boxes, target locations, and indirect fire targets. To ensure safe live-fire maneuver, OC/Ts must know all fire control measures used in the CALFEX including phase lines, TRP locations, azimuths for firing, triggers and signals that drive shifting or ceasing fires, and any other controls the commander chooses to employ.

## Train Unit Leaders On Related Ttp

6-40. Training unit leaders on the related TTP is key to the successful execution of the CALFEX. Unit commanders ensure their subordinate leaders are trained on the tasks, conditions, and standards of the CALFEX. This should include a review of the appropriate training and evaluation outlines and related TTP for the mission and tasks.

## Leaders Rehearsal

6-41. Rehearsals help leaders and subordinates understand the conduct of events and their responsibilities.

Rehearsals help the organization synchronize training with times, places, logistics, and training support. A rehearsal of a concept drill helps leaders visualize an event as it unfolds, as well as likely branches and sequels if leaders must adjust the training. Leaders conduct rehearsals using the various levels and techniques described in ADP 7-0.

6-42. Units use sand tables or terrain models to reinforce subordinate leader understanding of the conducttraining event, as well as rehearsing the critical collective tasks trained during the CALFEX. The rehearsals should include digital and analog stimulus and drivers that serve to initiate action by the training unit, including the various branches and sequels developed.

6-43. Rehearsals provide the operations officer with the ability to verify the conduct of the range events
(movement and control of reconnaissance elements and synchronize maneuver unit actions). Units then proof the scenario stimulus events or actions that drive the training unit to the appropriate tasks, drills, or actions.

## Execute

6-44. The company conducts CALFEX with all assigned or attached subordinate units and enablers. The warfighting function enablers support the company during CALFEX. The company can execute the CALFEX before or after Table IV, Field Training Exercise, in a manner that best fits the commander's plan and range facility or training area availability and accessibility depending on the higher headquarters training plan.

6-45. Table VI consists of 2 training days. Each training day has a day and a night phase with multiple progressive actions determined by the commander. An example of a rudimentary flow for the company CALFEX is


Day 1, day phase:

Assembly area occupation.

Assembly area activities.

Tactical movement to the range facility or authorized training area; walk through or rehearsal.

Establishing hasty defensive positions.

Scenario rehearsal.

Fire coordination, distribution, and synchronization rehearsal.

Reconsolidation and reorganization rehearsal.

Tactical movement to an assembly area or battle positions not on the training facility.

Day AAR.

Day assembly area activities.

Day 1, night phase:

Preparation for night operations.

Tactical movement to the range facility or authorized training area.

Establishing hasty defensive positions.

Scenario rehearsal.

Fire coordination, distribution, and synchronization rehearsal.

Reconsolidation and reorganization rehearsal.

Tactical movement to an assembly area or battle position not on the training facility.

Night AAR.

Night assembly area activities.

Day 2, day phase:

Assembly area occupation.

Assembly area activities.

Tactical movement to the range facility or authorized training area.

Establishing hasty defensive positions.

Scenario execution.

Reconsolidation and reorganization.

Tactical movement to an assembly area or battle positions not on the training facility.

Day phase AAR.

Day 2, night phase:

Preparation for night operations.

Tactical movement to the range facility or authorized training area.

Establishing hasty defensive positions.

Scenario execution.

Reconsolidation and reorganization.

Tactical movement to an assembly area or battle position not on the training facility.

Night phase AAR.

## Assess

6-46. At the completion of each phase of Table VI, key leaders discuss any shortcomings, gaps, or disconnects between SOPs by echelon with their senior leaders. The discussion includes actions that require additional training or synchronization efforts, missing tasks or actions that should be included, and the determination and identification of any corrective actions necessary.

## Prepare And Conduct The After Action Review

6-47. The evaluation process is continuous and must be planned for the CALFEX. These evaluations are informal, and are focused on the tasks, conditions, and standards selected for training. Leaders at every level conduct training evaluations, which are integral to training management.

Note. FM 7-0 provides a detailed description of the AAR process.

6-48. Commanders review the notes from the various OC/T, subordinate leaders, fire support officers, and others to determine the proficiency of the participating key leaders and their ability to execute the critical synchronization and maneuver tasks. Once complete with the review, the commander assesses the organization's ability to complete the tasks at the reduced tempo, identifies key areas that must be retrained at the company level, and develops a retraining plan, as appropriate.

## Conduct Retraining

6-49. Corrective training allows participants to translate observations and evaluation into corrective action.

Additional training allows the participants to apply the lessons learned during the execution and AAR. Leaders understand that during the training event, participants do not typically perform all tasks to the desired standard. Therefore, during the short-range and near-term planning process, commanders provide flexibility within the training events that facilitate additional training immediately following the AAR.

6-50. Units may not continue with more advanced, higher echelon collective live-fire events unless they have successfully completed this event based on the evaluation criteria. Refer to appendix C for EXEVAL guidelines.

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## Company And Troop Proficiency

Two training event EXEVALs, Table IV, Company and Troop FTX, Collective Task Proficiency FTX, and Table VI, CALFEX, determine the overall company and troop proficiency. The commander uses these two externally evaluated events with the primary assessment tool to evaluate the unit's proficiency against an established standard as defined within the respective training publications, task training and evaluation outlines, and the unit's SOPs.

This chapter describes the principles and procedures for determining company and troop proficiency once the unit has completed the training plan. The chapter includes the proficiency rating condemnation criteria, methods to mitigate personnel loss, and various examples to manage the personnel turbulence between training densities.

## Collective Task Proficiency

7-1. The collective task proficiency is a gate used to assess the overall proficiency of a company or troop through the EXEVAL of their execution of all their supporting collective tasks and mission-essential tasks
(see figure 7-1). This gate is not used to progress to higher echelon training by itself but indicates if the unit has the proficiency required to support the higher headquarters during tactical operations.

7-2. The unit uses Company, Table IV, FTX (see figure 7-1) to determine the company's collective task proficiency in its execution of its mission-essential tasks. It is an assessment of their collective supporting tasks and mission-essential tasks that support the battalion mission-essential tasks.

7-3. The collective task proficiency events are externally evaluated using training and evaluation outlines and the unit's tactical SOPs. Figure 7-2 lists the EXEVAL requirements.

## Live-Fire Proficiency Gate

7-4. Figure 7-3 is for all echelons and provides the EXEVAL that determines the LFPG, as appropriate. The LFPG for each echelon is described in detail within their respective training publication. Company, Table VI, CALFEX includes the tasks that must be successfully executed to standard to complete the training event.

7-5. The evaluation commander evaluates all LFPG externally to create an unbiased assessment of the demonstrated performance of the required tasks and skills. Within the company training strategy, the evaluation commander determines the appropriate evaluation method that meets their intent within the requirements stated in the training publication. Figure 7-4 provides external evaluation requirements for Table VI, CALFEX.

Note. When a unit is training outside the continental United States and cannot meet the EXEVAL criteria above, the evaluation commander must approve the evaluation plan. The intent of the company-level gate EXEVAL is to provide subject matter expertise for a quality and objective evaluation to standard that creates an effective AAR to the firer and unit.

## Proficiency Ratings

7-6. The weapons training publications provide guidance on the appropriate proficiency ratings awarded to a company. Commanders may award the following proficiency ratings for each of the unit's mission-essential tasks based on their performance during the collective task proficiency event (Table IV, FTX) and the LFPG
(Table VI, CALFEX):


T (fully trained). Unit has attained task proficiency to the Army standard, achieved a go in
90 percent or more of performance measures and leader performance measures, and has met
100 percent of all critical performance measures. The task is externally evaluated and meets the
remaining requirements as outlined in the training and evaluation outline according to the objective task evaluation criteria matrix.

T- (trained). Unit has attained advanced task proficiency free of significant shortcomings, achieved a go in 80 percent or more of performance measures and leader performance measures,
and has met 100 percent of all critical performance measures. The unit's shortcomings require
minimal training to meet the Army standard. The task is externally evaluated and meets the
remaining requirements as outlined in the training and evaluation outlines according to the objective task evaluation criteria matrix.

P (practiced). Unit has attained basic task proficiency with shortcomings, achieved a go in
65 percent or more of all performance measures, achieved 80 percent or more of all leader
performance measures, and has met 100 percent of all critical performance measures. The unit's
shortcomings require significant training to meet the Army standard. The task is not externally
evaluated and meets the remaining requirements as outlined in the training and evaluation outlines
according to the objective task evaluation criteria matrix.

P- (marginally practiced). Unit has attained limited task proficiency with major shortcomings,
achieved a go in 51 percent or more of all performance measures, achieved less than 80 percent
of all leader performance measures, and has met less than 100 percent of all critical performance measures. The unit's shortcomings require complete retraining of the task to achieve the Army
standard. The task is not externally evaluated and does not meet the remaining requirements as outlined
in the training and evaluation outlines according to the objective task evaluation criteria matrix.

U (untrained). The unit cannot perform the task. It achieved a go in less than 51 percent of all
performance measures, less than 80 percent in all leader performance measures, and less than 100
percent in all critical performance measures. The unit requires complete training on the task to achieve the Army standard.

## Validation

7-7. Validation is a commander's option to execute the Army standard LFPG through the minimum requirements to achieve a passing result. The requirements for authorized validation events are defined in the appropriate training publication. Commander's use validation only in extreme circumstances where they require confirmation of successful completion of a LFPG.

7-8. Units actively participating in regionally aligned force missions, deployments, or other critical missions outside the continental United States have authorization to exercise the validation event option. The following rules apply to validation events:


The Army command or equivalent commander authorizes the use of the validation event.

The event may be executed 90 days after mission start through 30 days before mission complete only.

The successful completion of the validation event extends the LFPG qualification period by six months.

The event has one validation only authorized within a 24-month period.

## Sustaining Company Proficiency

7-9. Once the company or troop completes their LFPG, the unit must consider how the condemnation criteria affects their proficiency. The following paragraphs describe how companies and troops maintain their proficiency, how to identify when a proficiency rating has triggered one or more condemnation criteria, and any options the senior commander has to mitigate those impacts.

## Company Proficiency Condemnation Criteria

7-10. Each company or troop follows up to five of the six condemnation criteria (chapter 1). Once the company achieves proficiency, if one or more of the following triggers exist, the element loses its proficiency rating as follows:


Time. Twelve months has elapsed since completing the qualification.

Key leader turnover. The required proficient Soldier is no longer assigned to the company-level organization.

Commander assessment. Any commander in the organization's chain of command determines the
unit no longer maintains proficiency for any reason.

Subordinate element proficiency. When the minimum number of subordinate elements (one level down) fail to maintain their proficiency.

Specialty proficiency. When a unit has specifically assigned specialty units (scout platoon, mortar platoon, sniper team and so forth) to its formation that the commander specifically controls, and the minimum number of those specialty units fail to maintain their proficiency. This includes the loss of any required additional skill identifier linked to any qualification or certification for a subordinate unit.
7-11. Units may not alter, change, or modify the condemnation criteria. Evaluation commanders have the option, based on their assessment of the element, to condemn any proficiency rating they are authorized to assign.

## Company Talent Management

7-12. Commanders can mitigate the negative impacts to their unit's proficiency in a variety of methods.

Leaders require talent management skills before, during, and after company training to ensure the unit maintains and sustains maximum proficiency within the larger organization. Subordinate unit proficiency has a direct impact on the unit's overall readiness.

7-13. To manage company and troop proficiency turbulence efficiently, the commander should consider the following:


Select key leaders together. This maximizes the key leader's longevity and future proficiency ratings.

Position by potential. Identify young leaders that have solid promotion potential. Place those leaders in the next higher position so they achieve proficiency in advance of their pending or
expected promotion.

Transfer trained key leaders together. Promotions may initiate inter-battalion transfers. Commanders
should consider moving the newly promoted key leader and key leader combination together so the
gaining unit within the battalion will benefit from maintaining proficient key leaders.

Cross-train potential replacements. Units should invest first-round-hit ammunition savings,
commonly referred to as ammunition harvesting, to cross training young leaders in key leader positions. In doing so, commanders can mitigate key leader turnover with trained and proficient leaders in stride with key leader turbulence.
7-14. Commanders have limited flexibility to mitigate key leader turbulence within companies or troops.

Companies require a significant investment to build their proficiency. The senior commander may consider a turbulent company proficient when the commander and the minimum required subordinate leaders have


Previously achieved proficiency in their assigned position in a different organization during the previous qualification period.

Demonstrated proficiency during a STX or similar training event outside the company training density.

Successfully completed Company, Table I, TEWT, for the unit within the previous qualification
period (regardless if they are a new arrival to the organization or not).

Addressed the loss of a subordinate unit's proficiency rating prior to accepting any risk for the company.

Have a certified proficient subordinate element assigned to the company in place of a similar element only. This is the least preferred method to manage section proficiency.
Note. Commanders can provide Table I and other events outside of the training density to assess the key leaders in their current positions as necessary.

## Proficiency Management

7-15. Paragraphs 7-21 through 7-27 (page 7-10 through page 7-14) describe the verification process and define a proficient company after the company completes their collective task proficiency and LFPG events successfully. Commanders manage collective proficiency by assessing the unit's key leaders, their subordinate leaders, and their subordinate unit proficiency to maintain and sustain the greatest amount of experience within their formation (see figure 7-5).

7-16. A *company* is a unit of two or more platoons, usually of the same type, with a headquarters and a limited capacity for self-support (ADP 3-90). A *troop* is a company-size unit in a Cavalry organization
(ADP 3-90). These definitions provide the framework for managing unit proficiency using key leaders and proficient subordinate elements. Proficiency of the key leaders and subordinates are incorporated with time (atrophy), commander assessment, and specialty certifications to create the condemnation criteria rules of proficiency ratings.

## Armor Company

7-17. A proficient Armor company is a crew proficient commander or executive officer with a minimum of two proficient subordinate elements that have successfully completed Company, Table IV, FTX, Collective Task Proficiency, and Table VI, CALFEX, Live-Fire Proficiency Gate. The Armor company has not met any of the condemnation criteria of the qualification period as shown in figure 7-6.

7-18. Figure 7-7 provides an example of an uncertified Armor company. In the example, a new commander assumes command of the unit. Two subordinate elements (tank platoons) lose their proficiency rating due to key leader changes. The unit's personnel changes trigger Rule 4 of the condemnation criteria where the unit fails to maintain the minimum number of proficient subordinate units.

7-19. In the continuation of the example (see figure 7-8), the company's executive officer remains within the company, ensuring the unit does not trigger Rule 2. The battalion commander cross-attaches a proficient Bradley platoon to the unit and sends one of the unqualified platoons to a different company. This causes the company, now organized as a team, to regain its proficiency rating where the required key leaders and minimum number of proficient subordinate elements are available.

## Infantry Company

7-20. A proficient Infantry company has a proficient key leader (commander or executive officer) with the minimum required, proficient subordinate elements and specialty units, that have successfully completed Company, Table IV, FTX, Collective Task Proficiency, and Table VI, CALFEX, Live-Fire Proficiency Gate.

The company has not met any of the condemnation criteria of the qualification period. The commander or executive officer must maintain their crew proficiency rating, as appropriate (see figure 7-9).

7-21. Figure 7-10 illustrates an instance where the attached sniper team, considered a specialty unit, loses its proficiency due to reassignment of the team's spotter. This causes the company to lose its proficiency rating when the move triggers Rule 5 of the unit's proficiency condemnation criteria by failing to maintain the required minimum number of proficient specialties.

7-22. The commander can mitigate the loss of the sniper team's spotter by assigning another spotter. The commander can conduct retraining through qualification of the sniper team. Upon completion, the company restores its overall proficiency rating once the minimum required specialties are qualified (see figure 7-11).

## Stryker Brigade Combat Team Infantry Company

7-23. A proficient Stryker brigade combat team (SBCT) Infantry company is a certified commander or executive officer. The SBCT has the required minimum number of proficient subordinate maneuver elements and specialty units. Together, these units complete company and troop, Table IV, Field Training Exercise, and Table VI, Live-Fire Exercise. These units have not met any of the condemnation criteria of the qualification period. Each subordinate element and specialty unit must follow the rules for maintaining their proficiency as described in earlier chapters.

7-24. The commander may add or remove subordinate elements as necessary to build the desired small unit formation to meet their intent (see figure 7-12). The commander can alter the company at any time provided they assess the new formation structure against the condemnation criteria to develop the unit's updated proficiency assessment.

7-25. Figure 7-13 provides an example of the SBCT Infantry company losing its proficiency rating. In the example shown, the organic mortar section, a specialty unit, loses its proficiency rating when they fail to maintain the minimum certifications. When that occurs, both the mortar section and the SBCT Infantry company lose their proficiency ratings. The loss of the mortar section's certification requirements triggers Rule 5.

7-26. The commander has several options available to mitigate the loss of the specialty unit proficiency. The commander may opt to


Send authorized personnel to the requisite courses.

Assign a certified mortar leader to the appropriate position to meet the certification requirement.

Request a certified mortar leader transfer from within the battalion or brigade to fulfill the
certification requirements.

Any combination of options that return the proficiency rating to the mortar section.
7-27. The commander opts to send an authorized mortar leader to the Infantry Mortar Leader's Course in figure 7-14, example. Provided no other condemnation criteria are triggered, the mortar leader restores the mortar section's proficiency upon graduation and returning to the unit. Once complete, this also restores the SBCT Infantry company's proficiency rating.

## Appendix A Ammunition Requirements

This appendix lists the training ammunition, pyrotechnics, explosives, and other devices recommended for the training events for the company and troop. The information in this appendix lists the recommended munitions for each training event. The quantities listed apply to a single weapon, system, or platform. Training planners use the quantities listed as a guide to develop their scenario and apply them appropriately across the training unit's formation. The munition quantities are recommended. Units may add additional quantities based on their training objectives and scenario design to support the commander's training plan.

Note. The ammunition quantities listed is a recommendation and may not reflect the current fiscal year DA PAM 350-38. The standards in training commission (known as STRAC) is used as a resource tool which provides the unit planner with the ability to forecast ammunition for future training events.

Effective resourcing is the responsibility of the unit. Units must ensure sufficient time to forecast, secure, and draw the appropriate munitions. Failure to provide a minimum of 90 days for forecasting may not allow sufficient delivery time to the training installation to support the event.
Note. The munitions listed are recommended by type, quantity, and the Department of Defense Identification Code. Units may encounter shortfalls when resourcing the munitions by type or quantity listed for a number of reasons. Unit commanders should coordinate with their higher headquarters S-3/G-3 office to ensure the appropriate amount and type of munitions are available, authorized, and coordinated 90 days prior to the execution of the training event.

## Ammunition Management

A-1. Paragraphs A-7 through A-73 detail the recommended munitions for Tables III through VI to support the company and troop training strategy. These are recommended munitions by event which may not reflect the authorized munitions as listed in DA PAM 350-38 for the fiscal year. The recommended quantities create an effective and realistic training event that supports the unit's live-fire, mission-essential tasks battle effects, combat realisms, and key collective tasks. The unit should plan for realistic training that includes blank, subcaliber, full caliber, pyrotechnics, simulators, and other special purpose munitions for their authorized weapons, systems, and platforms listed in Figure A-1, page A-2.

A-2. When the recommended munitions are greater than the authorized munitions in DA PAM 350-38, the unit secures the appropriate quantities from the existing overall authorizations. When deficiencies exist, the unit must coordinate with the appropriate higher organization to resource available training ammunition support, as necessary.

| Common Weapons                       | ABCT                               | SBCT             | IBCT                        |
|--------------------------------------|------------------------------------|------------------|-----------------------------|
| M4 / M16                             | Abrams series                      | Stryker MGS      | MMG                         |
| M249AR                               | Bradley series                     | Stryker ICV / RV | TOW ITAS                    |
| M9 / M17 / M18                       | MMG                                | Stryker ATGM     | 81-mm mortar                |
| Sniper Weapon System                 | 120-mm mortar                      | Stryker 30 mm    | 60-mm mortar                |
| Mounted machine gun                  | 155-mm artillery                   | 120-mm mortar    | 105-mm artillery            |
| M249L                                | 155-mm artillery                   | 120-mm mortar    |                             |
| M240B                                | 60-mm mortar                       |                  |                             |
| M2A1                                 | 81-mm mortar                       |                  |                             |
| MK19                                 |                                    |                  |                             |
| M203 / M320                          |                                    |                  |                             |
| Shotgun                              |                                    |                  |                             |
| AT4 / AT4CS                          |                                    |                  |                             |
| M3 MAAWS                             |                                    |                  |                             |
| Javelin                              |                                    |                  |                             |
| Grenades                             |                                    |                  |                             |
| Claymore                             |                                    |                  |                             |
| Legend                               |                                    |                  |                             |
| ABCT                                 | Armored brigade combat team        | MGS              | mobile gun system           |
| ATGM                                 | antitank guided missile            | mm               | millimeter                  |
| IBCT                                 | Infantry brigade combat team       | MMG              | mounted machine gun         |
| ICV                                  | Infantry carrier vehicle           | RV               | reconnaissance vehicle      |
| ITAS                                 | Improved Target Acquisition System | SBCT             | Stryker brigade combat team |
| MAAWS                                |                                    |                  |                             |
| Multi-role Anti-armor Anti-personnel |                                    |                  |                             |
| Weapons System                       |                                    |                  |                             |
| TOW                                  |                                    |                  |                             |
| tube launched, optically tracked,    |                                    |                  |                             |
| wire guided                          |                                    |                  |                             |

## Common Munition Requirements

A-3. Figure A-2 lists the common weapons, systems, and platforms across all maneuver brigade types.

Figures A-3 through A-17 (pages A-4 through A-16) list the recommended munitions requirements for all brigade combat team formations.

Common Weapons to all
Brigade Combat Teams
Remarks
M4 / M16 M249AR M9 / M17 / M18
Each weapon or system will receive the training ammunition for each event as depicted on the corresponding table. All munitions listed are recommended for expenditure during the associated training event. Units may wish to provide or secure additional munitions to replicate the weapon or system's combat load for training to reinforce the principles of "train as you fight."
Sniper Weapon System Mounted Machine Gun M249L M240B M2A1 MK19 M203 / M320 Shotgun AT4 / AT4CS M3 MAAWS Javelin Grenades Claymore Battle Effects, Signals, Smoke, and Pyrotechnics Legend MAAWS
Multi-role, Anti-armor, Anti-personnel Weapons System

## Figure A-2. Common Weapons, Systems, And Platforms For All Bct Formations

A-4. The munitions and training resources listed in figures A-3 through A-17 (pages A-4 through A-15)
represent the recommendations for expending during the training event. Units may wish to secure a full complement of the weapon or system's combat load to replicate the form, fit, weight, and load burden for the firer, team, or small unit.

A-5. The munitions listed in the tables are expected to be fired or available for support during the listed event. When additional munitions are deemed necessary to support the training event, the unit is responsible to coordinate and secure the additional munitions.

For example, an M4 firer is recommended to have 30 rounds for Company, Table VI, CALFEX. The unit desires to have each Soldier assigned to a squad participating in the CALFEX to have one full combat load of 210 rounds to best replicate the Soldier's load burden. The unit is responsible to coordinate for the additional 180 rounds to meet the commander's intent.
A-6. The munition quantities listed in figures A-3 through A-17, pages A-4 through A-16, do not reflect the amount of munitions authorized in DA PAM 350-38 accurately. The unit must use harvested training munitions to cover any shortfalls, or coordinate with the higher headquarters ammunition office to secure the training munitions.

## Battle Effects And Pyrotechnics

A-7. Figure A-3 provides a list of the recommended battle effects, simulators, and pyrotechnics (smoke, signals, and grenades) to support the company and troop training events. Provided they are appropriately trained, any OC/T or the commander can distribute these resources to support the training event.

Company and Troop Ammunition Resourcing
BCT Type
All
Munition Type
    Smoke, Signals, and Grenades
Table
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
IV
FTX
G940
HG, SMK GRN M18
2
2
4
5
13
G945
HG, SMK YEL
4
4
4
6
18
G955
HG, SMK VIOL
1
1
2
2
6
G963
HG, RIOT CS M7
1
1
0
0
2
G982
HG, SMK TNG M83
4
4
3
4
15
K511
SMK POT, FLOATING, PRACTICE
1
1
L305
SIG, ILLUM GS PARA M195
1
1
1
1
4
L307
SIG, ILLUM WS CLUSTER M159
1
2
1
1
5
L312
SIG, ILLUM WS PARA M127A1
3
2
2
3
7
L314
SIG, ILLUM GRN STAR M125A
1
2
1
3
7
L495
FLARE, SURFACE TRIP M49A1
3
3
0
0
6
G950
HG, SMK RED
4
2
2
1
9
L306
SIG, ILLUM RS CLUSTER M158A1
1
2
1
2
6
LA80
SIG, ILLUM RED PARA M126E2
1
1
1
1
4
Legend
BCT
brigade combat team
ILLUM
illumination
CALFEX
combined arms live-fire exercise
PARA
parachute
CS
tear gas
RS
reduced sensitivity
DODIC
Department of Defense identification code SIG
signal
FCX
fire coordination exercise
SMK
smoke
FTX
field training exercise
STX
situational training exercise
GRN
green
VIOL
violet
GS
green star
WS
White Star
HG
hand grenade
YEL
yellow

A-8. Figure A-4 lists the recommended simulators for use in the company and troop training events. These recommendations support all maneuver companies but may require augmentation based on the complexity of the training scenarios.

| Table IV             | Table V               |
|----------------------|-----------------------|
| DODIC                | Munition Type         |
| Table III            |                       |
| STX                  | FTX                   |
| Table VI             |                       |
| CALFEX               |                       |
| Total                |                       |
| L594                 |                       |
| SIM, PROJ GRND BURST |                       |
| M115A2               |                       |
| 15                   | 15                    |
| L598                 |                       |
| SIM, BOOBYTRAP FLASH |                       |
| M117                 |                       |
| 2                    | 2                     |
| L599                 |                       |
| SIM, BOOBYTRAP ILLUM |                       |
| M118                 |                       |
| 2                    | 2                     |
| L600                 |                       |
| SIM, BOOBYTRAP WHIS  |                       |
| M119                 |                       |
| 2                    | 2                     |
| L601                 | SIM, HAND GREN M116A1 |

## Legend

| DODIC    | Department of Defense identification code    | ILLUM    | illumination                  |
|----------|----------------------------------------------|----------|-------------------------------|
| CALFEX   | combined arms live-fire exercise             | PROJ     | projectile                    |
| FCX      | fire coordination exercise                   | SIM      | simulated munitions           |
| FTX      | field training exercise                      | STX      | situational training exercise |
| GREN     | grenade                                      | WHIS     | whistling                     |
| GRND     | ground                                       |          |                               |

A-9. The munitions in figures A-3 and A-4 (pages A-4 and A-5) allow each maneuver company to add combat realism to the company-level training events. Units may provide subordinate units, OC/Ts, fire markers, and other support personnel with munitions to support the training event's scenario.

Note. The red smoke (G950), red star cluster (L306), and red parachute (L311) are for real world emergency use ONLY. Units may not incorporate them into the training scenario unless specifically authorized by the battalion commander.
A-10. Units must identify any pyrotechnic shortfalls as early in the planning process as possible to secure the appropriate quantity of munitions. Units must coordinate with the BCT ammunition manager for additional resources beyond those available within their unit's Training Ammunition Management Information System account.

## M4/M16

A-11. Figure A-5 provides the recommended M4/M16 munitions for Table III, STX; Table IV, FTX;
Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-5 are for company and troop training. The quantities shown are for each Soldier assigned to a maneuver squad (Infantry or Cavalry) and combat engineer squads only.

| Table IV              | Table V                                   |
|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                 | Munition Type                             |
| Table III             |                                           |
| STX                   | FTX                                       |
| Table VI              |                                           |
| CALFEX                |                                           |
| Total                 |                                           |
| AB74                  |                                           |
| CTG, 5.56-mm TRCR     |                                           |
| M856A1                |                                           |
| 15                    | 15                                        |
| AB77                  | CTG, 5.56-mm Ball M855A1                  |
| AA68                  |                                           |
| CTG, 5.56-mm SR TRNG  |                                           |
| M862                  |                                           |
| 30                    | 30                                        |
| A080                  |                                           |
| CTG, 5.56-mm BLNK for |                                           |
| M16A1/A2              |                                           |
| 30                    | 30                                        |
| Legend                |                                           |
| BLNK                  | blank                                     |
| CALFEX                | combined arms live-fire exercise          |
| CTG                   | cartridge                                 |
| DODIC                 | Department of Defense identification code |
| FCX                   | fire coordination exercise                |

Note. Units may not have blank and live munitions on the same training facility at the same time due to increased likelihood of mixing munition types. This is a critical safety issue during collective training events.

A-12. Units may increase the munitions quantities as necessary to meet their training objectives; however, the units must coordinate with the appropriate level ammunition manager for any increases.

## M249Ar

A-13. Figure A-6 provides the recommended M249AR munitions for Table III, STX; Table IV, FTX;
Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-6 are for company and troop training.

| Table IV                 | Table V                                   |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                    | Munition Type                             |
| Table III                |                                           |
| STX                      | FTX                                       |
| Table VI                 |                                           |
| CALFEX                   |                                           |
| Total                    |                                           |
| AB73                     | 200                                       |
| CTG, 5.56-mm LNKD (4:1)  |                                           |
| M855A1 (BALL) and M856A1 |                                           |
| (TRCR)                   |                                           |
| A075                     |                                           |
| CTG, 5.56-mm BLANK LNKD  |                                           |
| for SAW                  |                                           |
| 100                      | 100                                       |
| Legend                   |                                           |
| BCT                      | brigade combat team                       |
| CALFEX                   | combined arms live-fire exercise          |
| CTG                      | cartridge                                 |
| DODIC                    | Department of Defense identification code |
| FCX                      | fire coordination exercise                |
| TRCR                     | tracer                                    |

Note. Units may not have blank and live munitions on the same training facility at the same time due to increased likelihood of mixing munition types. This is a critical safety issue during collective training events.

A-14. Units may increase the munitions quantities as necessary to meet their training objectives; however, the units must coordinate with the appropriate ammunition manager for any increases.

## M9/M17/M18

A-15. Figure A-7 lists the recommended M9/M17/M18 munitions for Table III, STX; Table IV, FTX;
Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in Figure A-7 are for company and troop training. The ammunition listed in Figure A-7 is for Infantry team leader and above.

| Table IV                  | Table V                     |
|---------------------------|-----------------------------|
| DODIC                     | Munition Type               |
| Table III                 |                             |
| STX                       | FTX                         |
| Table VI                  |                             |
| CALFEX                    |                             |
| Total                     |                             |
| AC20                      | CTG, 9-mm Ball Pistol (New) |
| AB13                      |                             |
| CTG, 9-mm M1041 Blue SIMS |                             |
| 8                         | 7                           |
| AB14                      |                             |
| CTG, 9-mm M1041 Red SIMS  |                             |
| 8                         | 7                           |

Note. The munitions listed are recommended for expected transitions to secondary engagements during company and troop collective training events. Units should ensure that munitions are provided to the dismounted elements who are equipped with a pistol as a secondary weapon and who will be conducting the transition during the event.

|        |                                           | Legend   |                               |
|--------|-------------------------------------------|----------|-------------------------------|
| CALFEX | combined arms live-fire exercise          | FTX      | field training exercise       |
| DODIC  | Department of Defense identification code | mm       | millimeter                    |
| CTG    | cartridge                                 | SIMS     | simulated munitions           |
| FCX    | fire coordination exercise                | STX      | situational training exercise |

## Sniper Weapon Systems

A-16.  Figure A-8 provides the recommended sniper, weapon system munitions for Table III, STX;
Table IV, FTX; Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-8 are for company and troop training.

M110, Sniper Rifle
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
AA11
CTG, 7.62-mm, M118 L Range
10
10
20
AB72
CTG, 7.62-mm, BLNK (Bottlenose)
5
5
10
M107, Anti-materiel Sniper Rifle
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
A606
CTG, .50 CAL API MK211-0
10
10
20
A598
CTG, .50 CAL BLNK F/M2
5
5
10
Legend API
armor piercing incendiary
DODIC
Department of Defense identification code
BLNK
blank
FCX
fire coordination exercise
CAL
caliber
FTX
field training exercise
CALFEX
combined arms live-fire exercise
mm
millimeter
CTG
cartridge
STX
situational training exercise

A-17. Units with other approved sniper weapon systems should follow the M110 training strategy to identify sufficient training quantities. Units using the M110E1, Squad Designated Marksman Rifle, use the same quantities described for the M110.

## Crew Served Weapons

A-18. Figure A-9 provides the recommended crew-served weapons (machine gun) munitions for Table III, STX; Table IV, FTX; Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-9 are for company and troop training and are for the respective weapon when used in the ground role or as a mounted machine gun.

M249, Light Machine Gun
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
AB73
50
250
300
CTG, 5.56-mm LNKD (4:1) M855A1 (Ball) and M856A1 (TRCR)
A075
CTG, 5.56-mm Blank LNKD for SAW
100
100
200
M240B, Medium Machine Gun
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
AB86
CTG, 7.62-mm 4 Ball/1 TRCR LNKD, Lead Free
50
150
200
A111
CTG, 7.62-mm BLNK M82 LNKD
100
100
200
M2A1, Heavy Machine Gun
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
A557
CTG, .50 CAL 4 Ball/1 TRCR LNKD M33 for M2
100
100
A602
CTG, .50 CAL Short RNG Plastic 4 TP M858/1 TP-T M860
50
50
A598
CTG, .0 CAL BLNK for M2 (MILES)
50
50
100
MK19, Grenade Machine Gun
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
BA55
CTG, 40mm, TP, Day/Night/ Thermal for MK19, M918E1
8
16
24
Legend BLNK
blank
MILES
Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System or similar device
CALFEX
combined arms live-fire exercise
mm
millimeter
DODIC
Department of Defense identification code
RNG
range
CAL
caliber
SAW
squad automatic weapon
CTG
cartridge
STX
situational training exercise
LNKD
linked
TP
target practice
FCX
fire coordination exercise
TP-T
target practice-training
FTX
field training exercise
TRCR
tracer

## M203/M320

A-19. Figure A-10 provides the recommended M203/M320, low velocity 40-mm munitions for Company, Table III, STX; Table IV, FTX; Table V, FCX; and Company, Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-10 are for company and troop training.

| Table IV                    | Table V                                   |
|-----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                       | Munition Type                             |
| Table III                   |                                           |
| STX                         | FTX                                       |
| Table VI                    |                                           |
| CALFEX                      |                                           |
| Total                       |                                           |
| BA54                        |                                           |
| CTG, 40-mm, TP Low Velocity |                                           |
| F/M320                      |                                           |
| 4                           | 8                                         |
| B535                        |                                           |
| CTG, 40-mm White Star PARA  |                                           |
| (ILLUM)                     |                                           |
| 2                           | 3                                         |
| BA03                        |                                           |
| CTG, 40-mm GREN IR ILLUM    |                                           |
| M992                        |                                           |
| 2                           | 8                                         |
| Legend                      |                                           |
| CALFEX                      | combined arms live-fire exercise          |
| DODIC                       | Department of Defense identification code |
| CTG                         | cartridge                                 |
| GREN                        | grenade                                   |
| ILLUM                       | Illumination                              |
| IR                          | infrared                                  |

A-20. Units should use caution when scheduling B535, cartridge, 40-mm, White Star parachute, illumination and BA03, cartridge, 40-mm, grenade, infrared, illumination rounds to ensure they meet the needs of the training event. The BA03 requires the use of image intensifier optics (infrared night vision goggles, for example).

## Shotgun

A-21. Figure A-11 provides the recommended shotgun munitions for Table III, STX; Table IV, FTX;
Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-11 are for company and troop training.

| Table IV              | Table V                                   |
|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                 | Munition Type                             |
| Table III             |                                           |
| STX                   | FTX                                       |
| Table VI              |                                           |
| CALFEX                |                                           |
| Total                 |                                           |
| A011                  |                                           |
| CTG, 12-gauge Shotgun |                                           |
| 00 Buckshot           |                                           |
| 5                     | 5                                         |
| Legend                |                                           |
| CALFEX                | combined arms live-fire exercise          |
| CTG                   | cartridge                                 |
| DODIC                 | Department of Defense identification code |

Note. Units should only provide shotgun munitions when the training scenario includes breaching operations.

## At-4/At-4Cs

A-22. Figure A-12 provides the recommended AT-4/AT-4CS munitions for Table III, X; Table IV, FTX;
Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-12 are for company and troop training.

| Table IV              | Table V                                      |
|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                 | Munition Type                                |
| Table III             |                                              |
| STX                   | FTX                                          |
| Table VI              |                                              |
| CALFEX                |                                              |
| Total                 |                                              |
| LA77                  |                                              |
| SIM, Launch, Antitank |                                              |
| (ATWESS) M22          |                                              |
| 6                     | 6                                            |
| CA30                  |                                              |
| CTG 84-mm and LNCHR   |                                              |
| M136 (AT-4 CS)        |                                              |
| 1                     | 1                                            |
| Legend                |                                              |
| ATWESS                | anti-tank weapons effect signature simulator |
| CALFEX                | combined arms live-fire exercise             |
| CS                    | confined space                               |
| CTG                   | cartridge                                    |
| DODIC                 | Department of Defense identification code    |
| FCX                   | fire coordination exercise                   |

A-23. Units must ensure approval of a live-fire training area with a dedicated impact area for all live rockets
(C995). Units may fire these munitions on other training facilities and training areas, but the installation may restrict them. Units are required to coordinate with their supporting installation for approved areas for live, high-explosive rockets.

## M3 Maaws

A-24. Figure A-13 provides the recommended M3, Multi-role, Anti-armor, Anti-personnel Weapons System
(known as MAAWS) munitions for Table III, STX; Table IV, FTX; Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-13 are for company and troop training.

| Table IV    | Table V                   |
|-------------|---------------------------|
| DODIC       | Munition Type             |
| Table III   |                           |
| STX         | FTX                       |
| Table VI    |                           |
| CALFEX      |                           |
| Total       |                           |
| CA21        | CTG, 84-mm HEDP 502 IM    |
| CA27        | CTG, 84-mm HE 441D IM RS  |
| CA10        | CTG, 84-mm PRAC with TRCR |

Note. When using MAAWS HE/HEDP munitions within the training area, units must ensure an adequate amount of training space is available prior to use of the munitions. Unit planners must consider all safety factors when selecting the appropriate training site for their collective training. The appropriate training area enables for safe firing of the munition into the designated impact areas during the event.

|                     |                                  | Legend   |                                      |
|---------------------|----------------------------------|----------|--------------------------------------|
| CALFEX              | combined arms live-fire exercise | IM       | impact                               |
| CTG                 | cartridge                        | MAAWS    | Multi-role Anti-armor Anti-personnel |
| Weapons System      |                                  |          |                                      |
| mm                  | millimeter                       | DODIC    | Department of Defense                |
| identification code |                                  |          |                                      |
| FCX                 | fire coordination exercise       | PRAC     | practice                             |
| FTX                 | field training exercise          | RS       | reduced sensitivity                  |
| HE                  | high explosive                   | TRCR     | tracer                               |
| HEDP                | high-explosive dual purpose      | STX      | situational training exercise        |

A-25. Units must ensure they have an approved live-fire training area with a dedicated impact area for all high-explosive munitions (CA21 and CA27). Units may fire these munitions on other training facilities and training areas, although installations can restrict them. Units are required to coordinate with their supporting installation for approved areas for live, high-explosive munitions.

## Javelin

A-26. Figure A-14, provides the recommended Javelin missiles for Table III, STX; Table IV, FTX; Table V, FCX;
and Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-14 are for company and troop training.

| Table IV                   | Table V                                   |
|----------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                      | Munition Type                             |
| Table III                  |                                           |
| STX                        | FTX                                       |
| Table VI                   |                                           |
| CALFEX                     |                                           |
| Total                      |                                           |
| PM93                       |                                           |
| GM, Javelin BLK I SURF ATK |                                           |
| FMG-148E                   |                                           |
| 0.25                       | 0.25                                      |
| Legend                     |                                           |
| ATK                        | attack                                    |
| BLK                        | block                                     |
| CALFEX                     | Combined arms live-fire exercise          |
| DODIC                      | Department of Defense identification code |
| FCX                        | fire coordination exercise                |

A-27. No training ammunition or other munitions are authorized for any Javelin training event. Javelin teams participate in collective training using laser-based TADSS with laser target, interface devices. Units must coordinate with their training support center to request the appropriate TADSS and interface equipment for training.

A-28. There are no Javelin training missile variants or subcaliber options available. Units may use pyrotechnics within their scenario to replicate the effects of the missile to create realism during the training event.

A-29. Units with long, lead times to their training event (greater than six-months) may coordinate for tactical missiles if available. Due to the low availability of the Javelin missiles for training purposes, units must coordinate well in advance with their Army command ammunition manager to secure the munitions.

Depending on the availability of missiles reaching their shelf life, units should only include a live-fire scenario option and not base the engagement solely on live missile resources.

A-30. If live missiles are available, units should provide no more than one missile per company-size unit during Table VI, CALFEX. Where multiple missiles are available, units should provide equal distribution across their subordinate companies first, followed by company-size organizations within the brigade with assigned Javelin teams.

## Grenades

A-31. Figure A-15 provides the recommended hand grenades for Table III, STX; Table IV, FTX;
Table V, FCX; and Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-15 are for company and troop training.

| Table IV                | Table V                                   |
|-------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                   | Munition Type                             |
| Table III               |                                           |
| STX                     | FTX                                       |
| Table VI                |                                           |
| CALFEX                  |                                           |
| Total                   |                                           |
| G878                    |                                           |
| Fuze, M228 for use with |                                           |
| G811 TNG HG body        |                                           |
| 2                       | 2                                         |
| Legend                  |                                           |
| CALFEX                  | combined arms live-fire exercise          |
| DODIC                   | Department of Defense identification code |
| FCX                     | fire coordination exercise                |
| FTX                     | field training exercise                   |

A-32. Hand grenades are authorized only during company and troop training events for modified table of organization and equipment assigned to Infantry or Cavalry in maneuver squads. Unit of issue of the quantities above is per Soldier assigned to the Infantry or Cavalry dismounted squad.

## Demolitions, Scout Squad

A-33. Figure A-16 provides the recommended demolitions for reconnaissance units conducting company and troop training. The munitions listed are separate from the demolitions provided to the integrated engineer squad.

A-34. If C-4 is not available, substitute TNT. Calculate the quantity of TNT needed by multiplying the quantity of C-4 by 1.34 (relative effectiveness factor). The result should be rounded up to the nearest 14-pound package size.

A-35. Figure A-16 provides individual and collective demolition quantities for distribution as necessary.

When units require additional demolitions, they must coordinate with the higher headquarters ammunition manager for assistance.

| Table IV                                | Table V                                   |
|-----------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                                   | Munition Type                             |
| Table III                               |                                           |
| STX                                     | FTX                                       |
| Table VI                                |                                           |
| CALFEX                                  |                                           |
| Total                                   |                                           |
| M023                                    | CHG, Demo block 1-1/4# C4                 |
| M456                                    | Cord, DET Type-1                          |
| ML45                                    |                                           |
| Holder, Blast Cap and Shock             |                                           |
| Tube                                    |                                           |
| 100                                     | 100                                       |
| MN08                                    | Igniter, Blast Time Fuse M81              |
| ML47                                    |                                           |
| Cap, Blast Non-electric 30 foot         |                                           |
| SHK Tube M11 MDI                        |                                           |
| 100                                     | 50                                        |
| MN90                                    | 10                                        |
| Cap, Blast In-line Initiator Non-       |                                           |
| electric 1,000 foot Mini-tube           |                                           |
| M23                                     |                                           |
| MN06                                    | Cap, Blasting Delay M14                   |
| Legend                                  |                                           |
| CALFEX combined arms live-fire exercise | FTX                                       |
| CHG                                     | charge                                    |
| DET                                     | detonator                                 |
| DODIC                                   | Department of Defense identification code |
| FCX                                     | fire coordination exercise                |

## Demolitions, Engineers

A-36. Figure A-17 provides the recommended demolitions for Company, Table III, STX; Table IV, FTX;
Table V, FCX; and Company, Table VI, CALFEX. The munitions listed in figure A-17 are for company and troop training.

| Table IV                     | Table V                                       |
|------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                        | Munition Type                                 |
| Table III                    |                                               |
| STX                          | FTX                                           |
| Table VI                     |                                               |
| CALFEX                       |                                               |
| Total                        |                                               |
| MP03                         |                                               |
| Demo Kit, Bangalore          |                                               |
| M1A2E1                       |                                               |
| 1                            | 3                                             |
| MN68                         |                                               |
| Booster, Demo CHG 10-ft      |                                               |
| DET Cord M151                |                                               |
| 50                           | 100                                           |
| MN69                         |                                               |
| Booster, Demo CHG 30-ft      |                                               |
| DET Cord M152                |                                               |
| 50                           | 100                                           |
| M039                         | CHG, Demo 40-lb Cratering                     |
| M023                         | CHG, Demo BLK 1-1/4 #C4                       |
| M456                         | Cord DET Type 1                               |
| ML45                         |                                               |
| Holder, Blast Cap and        |                                               |
| Shock Tube                   |                                               |
| 50                           | 100                                           |
| MN08                         |                                               |
| Igniter, Blast Time Fuse     |                                               |
| M81                          |                                               |
| 50                           | 100                                           |
| K042                         |                                               |
| CAN, Mine PRAC for M88       |                                               |
| (Volcano)                    |                                               |
| 1                            | 1                                             |
| MN88                         |                                               |
| Cap, Blast Nonelectric with  |                                               |
| 500-foot Mini-tube M21       |                                               |
| 3                            | 5                                             |
| MN90                         | 3                                             |
| Cap, Blast In-line Initiator |                                               |
| Nonelectric 1,000-foot       |                                               |
| Mini-tube M23                |                                               |
| MN06                         | Cap, Blasting Delay M14                       |
| M420                         |                                               |
| CHG, Demo-shaped 15-lb       |                                               |
| M2 Series                    |                                               |
| 5                            | 10                                            |
| M914                         |                                               |
| CHG, Demo Linear PRAC        |                                               |
| M68 (MICLIC)                 |                                               |
| 1                            | 1                                             |
| J143                         |                                               |
| RKT MTR, 5-inch MK22-4       |                                               |
| for MICLIC                   |                                               |
| 1                            | 1                                             |
| Legend                       |                                               |
| BLK                          | block                                         |
| CALFEX                       | combined arms live-fire exercise              |
| CAN                          | canister                                      |
| CHG                          | charge                                        |
| DET                          | detonator                                     |
| DODIC                        | Department of Defense identification code RKT |
| FCX                          | fire coordination exercise                    |

## Armored Brigade Combat Team Ammunition Requirements

A-37. The following figures provide the recommended munition quantities for weapons, systems, and platforms specific to the Armored brigade combat team (ABCT). Figure A-18 lists the weapons, systems, and platforms specific to an ABCT formation and is described in the section below. The recommended munition quantities for weapons, systems, and platforms specific to the ABCT are described in paragraphs A-40 through A-47.

| ABCT Platforms                                               |
|--------------------------------------------------------------|
| Abrams Series                                                |
| Bradley Series                                               |
| Cavalry Mounted Machine                                      |
| Munitions identified in this section reflect the quantity by |
| type recommended for each platform that is expected to       |
| Gun (MMG)                                                    |
| participate in the training event.                           |

A-38. The munitions listed for the platforms within the ABCT formation do not include engineer or air defense artillery recommended quantities. Units should refer to the appropriate chapter within DA PAM 350-38 to identify the resources authorized for company collective events.

A-39. Cavalry platforms follow the Bradley series recommended munitions for Cavalry fighting vehicles.

Units should consider augmenting those munitions with a complement of dismounted munitions for reconnaissance elements.

## Abrams Series

A-40. Figure A-19 illustrates the recommended munitions for each Abrams series platform participating in the collective training event. The quantities listed in Figure A-19 are per tank within the company-size organization.

| Table IV                   | Table V                    |
|----------------------------|----------------------------|
| DODIC                      | Munition Type              |
| Table III                  |                            |
| STX                        | FTX                        |
| Table VI                   |                            |
| CALFEX                     |                            |
| Total                      |                            |
| C785                       |                            |
| CTG, 120-mm TPCSDS-T       |                            |
| M865 for TNKGUN            |                            |
| 1                          | 2                          |
| CA31                       |                            |
| CTG, 120-mm TP-T           |                            |
| M1002                      |                            |
| 1*                         | 1*                         |
| CA38                       |                            |
| CTG, 120-mm Canister       |                            |
| M1028                      |                            |
| .5*                        | 3*                         |
| AB86                       |                            |
| CTG, 7.62-mm 4 Ball        |                            |
| M80/1TRCR M62 LNKD         |                            |
| 50                         | 150                        |
| A557                       |                            |
| CTG, .50 Cal 4 Ball/1 TRCR |                            |
| LNKD M33 for M2            |                            |
| 50                         | 150                        |
| G978                       |                            |
| GREN LNCHR, SMK SIM        |                            |
| Screen M82                 |                            |
| 6                          | 6                          |
| LA53                       | SIM, Target Hit XM35 (BES) |
| LA54                       | SIM, EXP DET XM34 (BES)    |
| A111                       |                            |
| CTG, 7.62-mm BLNK M82      |                            |
| LNKD                       |                            |
| 150                        | 100                        |
| A598                       |                            |
| CTG, .50 CAL BLNK for M2   |                            |
| (MILES)                    |                            |
| 50                         | 50                         |

* Rounds must be harvested from previous tables

## Legend:

| BES                                      | battle effects simulator                  | LNCHR    | launcher                             |
|------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|----------|--------------------------------------|
| BLNK                                     | blank                                     | MILES    | Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement |
| System or similar device                 |                                           |          |                                      |
| CALFEX                                   | combined arms live-fire exercise          | mm       | millimeter                           |
| CTG                                      | cartridge                                 | SMK      | smoke                                |
| DODIC                                    | Department of Defense identification code | SIM      | simulator                            |
| EXP DET                                  | explosive detonation                      | STX      | situational training exercise        |
| FCX                                      | fire coordination exercise                | TNKGUN   | tank gun                             |
| FTX                                      | field training exercise                   |          |                                      |
| TPCSDS-T target practice cone stabilized |                                           |          |                                      |
| discarding sabot-tracer                  |                                           |          |                                      |
| GREN                                     | grenade                                   | TPT      | target practice-training             |
| LNKD                                     | linked                                    | TRCR     | tracer                               |

## Bradley Series

A-41. Figure A-20 shows the recommended munitions for each Bradley series platform participating in the collective training event. The figure lists the quantities per fighting vehicle within the company-size organization.

| Table IV                  | Table V                    |
|---------------------------|----------------------------|
| DODIC                     | Munition Type              |
| Table III                 |                            |
| STX                       | FTX                        |
| Table VI                  |                            |
| CALFEX                    |                            |
| Total                     |                            |
| A940                      |                            |
| CTG, 25-mm AP TNG         |                            |
| LNKD M910                 |                            |
| 8                         | 16                         |
| A976                      |                            |
| CTG, 25-mm, TP-T LNKD     |                            |
| M793                      |                            |
| 8                         | 16                         |
| WH05                      | GM, TOW-2 SURF Practice    |
| AB86                      |                            |
| CTG, 7.62-mm 4 Ball M80/1 |                            |
| TRCR M62 LNKD             |                            |
| 50                        | 150                        |
| G978                      |                            |
| GREN LNCHR, SMK SIM       |                            |
| Screen M82                |                            |
| 6                         | 6                          |
| LA53                      | SIM, Target Hit XM35 (BES) |
| LA54                      | SIM, EXP DET XM34 (BES)    |
| A111                      |                            |
| CTG, 7.62-mm BLNK M82     |                            |
| LNKD                      |                            |
| 10                        | 100                        |

Note. The munitions listed also include engineer companies equipped with Bradley fighting vehicle platforms. Legend

| AP                           | armor piercing                            | GM       | ground missile                                |
|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|----------|-----------------------------------------------|
| BES                          | battle effects simulator                  | LNKD     | linked                                        |
| BLNK                         | blank                                     | SMK      | smoke                                         |
| CALFEX                       | combined arms live-fire exercise          | SIM      | simulator                                     |
| CTG                          | cartridge                                 | STX      | situational training exercise                 |
| DODIC                        | Department of Defense identification code | SURF     | surface                                       |
| EXP DET explosive detonation | TNG                                       | training |                                               |
| FCX                          | fire coordination exercise                | TOW      | tube launched, optically tracked, wire guided |
| FTX                          | field training exercise                   | TP-T     | target practice-training                      |
| GREN                         | grenade                                   | TRCR     | tracer                                        |
| LNCHR                        | launcher                                  |          |                                               |

## Cavalry Mounted Machine Gun

A-42. Figure A-21 illustrates the recommended munitions for Cavalry units in a motorized mounted, machine gun role. The munitions in the figure are recommendations per mounted machine gun (truck) that is expected to participate in the training events.

A-43. Figure A-21 lists the munitions for the motorized reconnaissance elements by truck crew. Units must consider the crew-served weapons assigned to each vehicle when calculating munitions requirements.

M240B, Medium Machine Gun
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
AB86
CTG, 7.62-mm 4 Ball/ 1 TRCR LNKD, Lead Free
50
50
100
A111
CTG, 7.62-mm BLNK M82 LNKD
200
200
400
M2A1, Heavy Machine Gun
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
A557
CTG, .50 CAL 4 Ball / 1 TRCR LNKD M33 for M2
100
200
300
A598
CTG, .50 CAL BLNK for M2 (MILES)
100
100
200
MK19, Grenade Machine Gun
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
BA55
24
24
48
CTG, 40-mm, TP, Day/Night/Thermal
For MK19 High Velocity, M918E1

## Legend

| BLNK              | blank                                        | LNKD linked                                       |
|-------------------|----------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|
| CAL               | caliber                                      | MILES Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System |
| or similar device |                                              |                                                   |
| CALFEX            | combined arms live-fire exercise             | mm                                                |
| CTG               | cartridge                                    | STX                                               |
| DODIC             | Department of Defense identification code TP | target practice                                   |
| FCX               | fire coordination exercise                   | TRCR tracer                                       |
| FTX               | field training exercise                      |                                                   |

## Abct Mortars

A-44. Figure A-22 illustrates the recommended munitions for mortar units within the ABCT formation.

Figure A-22 lists the munitions as recommendations per mortar unit that is expected to participate in the training events. The munitions listed for all the mortars are by organization and not by tube. The quantities are grouped by the formation in which they reside. Units must consider the crew-served weapons assigned to each vehicle when calculating munitions requirements for the STX and FTX.

A-45. The mortar unit uses figure A-22 to ensure they have sufficient munitions to conduct live-fire events.

Each company is provided with the following:


FCX. One day and one night adjust fire mission. Minimum quantities are listed for coordination purposes only. Units may add to the recommended quantities listed as available and appropriate.

CALFEX. One day and one night adjust fire mission using HE and illumination rounds. Units may add to the recommended quantities based on their availability as necessary.

Battalion Mortars
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
CA04
CTG, 120-mm, HE M934 with MOF M734A1
2
29
31
C625
CTG, 120-mm ILLUM XM930
2
8
10
Cavalry Troop Mortars
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
CA04
CTG, 120-mm, HE M934 with MOF M734A1
2
18
20
C625
CTG, 120-mm ILLUM XM930
2
8
10
Legend CALFEX
combined arms live-fire exercise
HE
high explosive
DODIC
Department of Defense identification code
ILLUM
illumination
CTG
cartridge
mm
millimeter
FCX
fire coordination exercise
MOF
multi-option fuse
FTX
field training exercise
STX
situational training exercise

A-46. On installations where the dedicated impact area is separate from the training location expected for the live-fire events, the unit may use an observation point separate from the primary training facility to conduct the leader call for fire tasks when firing high explosives.

## Abct Field Artillery

A-47. Figure A-23 illustrates the recommended munitions for ABCT field artillery supporting units. The figure lists munitions as recommendations per supporting unit, not by tube, to support the maneuver company. The BCT should coordinate with the subordinate field artillery battalion for the appropriate amount of munitions by task to support the maneuver training event. Units must consider the crew-served weapons assigned to each vehicle when calculating munitions requirements if the unit intends to integrate training within the STX and FTX events.

| Table IV                 | Table V                                   |
|--------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                    | Munition Type                             |
| Table III                |                                           |
| STX                      | FTX                                       |
| Table VI                 |                                           |
| CALFEX                   |                                           |
| Total                    |                                           |
| DA51                     |                                           |
| PROJ, 155-mm HE M107     |                                           |
| Deep Cavity with SUP CHG |                                           |
| 5                        | 10                                        |
| DA66                     |                                           |
| PROJ, 155-mm WP M110     |                                           |
| Series                   |                                           |
| 6                        | 6                                         |
| DA57                     |                                           |
| PROJ 155-mm ILLUM M485   |                                           |
| Series                   |                                           |
| 6                        | 6                                         |
| Legend                   |                                           |
| CALFEX                   | combined arms live-fire exercise          |
| ILLUM                    | illumination                              |
| CHG                      | charge                                    |
| mm                       | millimeter                                |
| DODIC                    | Department of Defense identification code |
| FCX                      | fire coordination exercise                |
| FTX                      | field training exercise                   |
| HE                       | high explosive                            |

A-48. On installations where the dedicated impact area is separate from the training location expected for the live-fire events, the unit may use an observation point separate from the primary training facility to conduct the leader call for fire tasks when firing high explosives or white phosphorus munitions.

## Stryker Brigade Combat Team Ammunition Requirements

A-49. The following figures provide the recommended munition quantities for weapons, systems, and platforms specific to the SBCT. Figure A-24 shows the weapons, systems, and platforms specific to an SBCT formation and is described in the section below.

A-50. The munitions listed for the platforms within the SBCT formation do not include field artillery, engineer, or air defense artillery recommended quantities. Units should refer to the appropriate chapter within DA PAM 350-38 to identify the resources authorized for company collective events. The recommended munition quantities for weapons, systems, and platforms specific to the SBCT are listed in figures A-25 through A-29 (pages A-23 through A-27).

| SBCT Platforms                                            | Remarks                     |
|-----------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|
| Stryker ICV and RV                                        |                             |
| Stryker MGS                                               |                             |
| Stryker ATGM                                              |                             |
| Munitions identified in this section reflect the quantity |                             |
| by type recommended for each platform expected to         |                             |
| participate in the training event.                        |                             |
| Mortars                                                   |                             |
| Field Artillery                                           |                             |
| Legend                                                    |                             |
| ATGM                                                      | anti-tank guided missile    |
| ICV                                                       | Infantry carrier vehicle    |
| SBCT                                                      | Stryker brigade combat team |

A-51. Cavalry platforms follow the Stryker ICV and reconnaissance vehicle (known as RV) recommended munitions. Units should consider augmenting those munitions with a complement of dismounted munitions for their reconnaissance elements, as appropriate.

## Stryker Icv And Reconnaissance Vehicle

A-52. Figure A-25 illustrates the recommended munitions for each Stryker ICV or RV platform participating in the collective training event. The figure lists the quantities per truck within the company-size organization.

M240B, Medium Machine Gun
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
AB86
CTG, 7.62-mm 4 Ball / 1 TRCR LNKD, Lead Free
50
50
100
A111
CTG, 7.62-mm BLNK M82 LNKD
200
200
400
M2A1, Heavy Machine Gun
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
A557
CTG, .50 CAL 4 Ball/1 TRCR LNKD M33 for M2
A602
CTG, .50 CAL Short RNG Plastic 4 TP M858/1 TP-T M870
A598
CTG, .50 CAL BLNK for M2 (MILES)
100
100
200
MK19, Grenade Machine Gun
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
BA55
CTG, 40-mm, TP, Day/ Night/Thermal High Velocity for MK19, M918E1
|        | BCT                                          | brigade combat team    | MILES Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System    |
|--------|----------------------------------------------|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|
| BLNK   | blank                                        | mm                     | millimeter                                           |
| CALFEX | combined arms live-fire exercise             | RNG                    | range                                                |
| CTG    | cartridge                                    | STX                    | situational training exercise                        |
| DODIC  | Department of Defense identification code TP | target practice        |                                                      |
| FCX    | fire coordination exercise                   | TP-T                   | target practice-tracer                               |
| FTX    | field training exercise                      | TRCR                   | tracer                                               |
| LNKD   | linked                                       |                        |                                                      |
| Table IV          | Table V    |
|-------------------|------------|
| FTX               | FCX        |
| Table VI          |            |
| CALFEX            |            |
| Total             |            |
| Table IV          | Table V    |
| FTX               | FCX        |
| Table VI          |            |
| CALFEX            |            |
| Total             |            |
| 50                | 50         |
| 0                 |            |
| Table IV          | Table V    |
| FTX               | FCX        |
| Table VI          |            |
| CALFEX            |            |
| Total             |            |
| 24                | 24         |
| or similar device |            |

## Stryker Mobile Gun System

A-53. Figure A-26 illustrates the recommended munitions for each Stryker MGS platform participating in the collective training event. The figure lists the quantities per Stryker MGS within the company-size organization.

| Table IV                 | Table V                            |
|--------------------------|------------------------------------|
| DODIC                    | Munition Type                      |
| Table III                |                                    |
| STX                      | FTX                                |
| Table VI                 |                                    |
| CALFEX                   |                                    |
| Total                    |                                    |
| C511                     |                                    |
| CTG, 105-mm TP-T,        |                                    |
| M490A1                   |                                    |
| 1                        | 2                                  |
| CA58                     | 1                                  |
| CTG, Tank, 105-mm        |                                    |
| DS-TP M724A1E1 Short     |                                    |
| Range for Tank Gun       |                                    |
| A557                     |                                    |
| CTG, .50 CAL 4 Ball/1    |                                    |
| TRCR LNKD M33 for M2     |                                    |
| 25                       | 75                                 |
| AB86                     |                                    |
| CTG, 7.62-mm 4 Ball/1    |                                    |
| TRCR LNKD, Lead Free     |                                    |
| 50                       | 150                                |
| A598                     |                                    |
| CTG, .50 CAL BLNK for    |                                    |
| M2 (MILES)               |                                    |
| 50                       | 50                                 |
| A111                     |                                    |
| CTG, 7.62-mm BLNK M82    |                                    |
| LNKD                     |                                    |
| 50                       | 50                                 |
| G978                     |                                    |
| GREN LNCHR, SMK SIM      |                                    |
| Screen M82               |                                    |
| 6                        | 6                                  |
| LA53                     |                                    |
| SIM, Target Hit XM35     |                                    |
| (BES)                    |                                    |
| 2                        | 5                                  |
| LA54                     |                                    |
| SIM, EXP DET XM34        |                                    |
| (BES)                    |                                    |
| 7                        | 8                                  |
| Legend                   |                                    |
| BES                      | battle effects simulator           |
| BLNK                     | blank                              |
| CAL                      | caliber                            |
| CALFEX                   | combined arms live-fire exercise   |
| System or similar device |                                    |
| CTG                      | cartridge                          |
| SIM                      | simulator                          |
| code                     |                                    |
| DS-TP                    | Discarding sabot - target practice |
| EXP DET                  | explosive detonation               |
| FCX                      | fire coordination exercise         |
| FTX                      | field training exercise            |

## Stryker Antitank Guided Missile

A-54. Figure A-27 shows the recommended munitions for Stryker antitank guided missile (ATGM) trucks. The munitions are listed as recommendations per ATGM truck expected to participate in the training events.

A-55. Figure A-27 lists the truck crew, motorized, reconnaissance elements munitions. Units must consider the crew-served weapons assigned to each vehicle when calculating munitions requirements.

| Table IV                       | Table V                          |
|--------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| DODIC                          | Munition Type                    |
| Table III                      |                                  |
| STX                            | FTX                              |
| Table VI                       |                                  |
| CALFEX                         |                                  |
| Total                          |                                  |
| WH05                           |                                  |
| GM, TOW-2 SURF                 |                                  |
| PRACTICE                       |                                  |
| 1                              | 1                                |
| LA77                           |                                  |
| SIM, Launch Antitank           |                                  |
| (ATWESS) M22                   |                                  |
| 4                              | 2                                |
| G978                           |                                  |
| GREN LNCHR, SMK SIM            |                                  |
| Screen M82                     |                                  |
| 6                              | 6                                |
| with M240B, Medium Machine Gun |                                  |
| Table IV                       | Table V                          |
| DODIC                          |                                  |
| Table III                      |                                  |
| STX                            |                                  |
| Table VI                       |                                  |
| CALFEX                         |                                  |
| Total                          |                                  |
| AB86                           |                                  |
| CTG, 7.62-mm 4 Ball/1          |                                  |
| TCRC LNKD, Lead Free           |                                  |
| 50                             | 50                               |
| A111                           |                                  |
| CTG, 7.62-mm BLNK M82          |                                  |
| LNKD                           |                                  |
| 100                            | 100                              |
| Legend                         |                                  |
| LNCHR                          | launcher                         |
| simulator                      |                                  |
| BCT                            | brigade combat team              |
| BLNK                           | blank                            |
| CALFEX                         | combined arms live-fire exercise |
| CTG                            | cartridge                        |
| STX                            | situational training exercise    |
| identification code            |                                  |
| FCX                            | fire coordination exercise       |
| FTX                            | field training exercise          |
| GM                             | guided missile                   |
| GREN                           | grenade                          |

A-56. When firing live missiles, the unit must coordinate for the appropriate firing position with an approved, safety certified impact area. Units should coordinate through their installation's range support division when developing the live-fire scenario.

## Sbct Mortars

A-57. Figure A-28 illustrates the recommended munitions for mortar units within the SBCT formation. The munitions listed in the figure are recommendations per mortar unit. These mortar units are expected to participate in the training events. The munitions listed for all mortars are by organization and not by tube. The quantities are grouped by the formation in which they reside. Units must consider the crew-served weapons assigned to each vehicle when calculating munitions requirements for the STX and FTX.

Battalion Mortars
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
C871
CTG, 81-mm ILLUM M853A1 with M772 MTSQ
2
8
10
C868
CTG, 81-mm HE, M821 with MOF
2
32
34
C625
CTG, 120- mm ILLUM M930 with M776 MTSQ
2
8
10
CA04
CTG, 120- mm HE M934A1 with M734A1 MOF
2
32
34
Company Mortars
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
BA04
CTG, 60- mm ILLUM M767 IR
2
8
10
BA44
CTG, 60- mm HE M720A2 with M734A1 MOF
2
18
20
C625
CTG, 120- mm ILLUM XM930
2
8
10
CA04
CTG, 120- mm HE M934 with MOF M734A1
2
18
20
Cavalry Troop Mortars
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
C625
CTG, 120-mm ILLUM XM930
2
8
10
CA04
CTG, 120-mm HE M934 with MOF M734A1
2
18
20
Legend CALFEX
combined arms live-fire exercise
FTX
field training exercise
DODIC
Department of Defense identification code
ILLUM
illumination
CTG
cartridge
MTSQ
mechanical time, super quick
HE
high explosive
MOF
multi-option fuse
IR
infrared
mm
millimeter
FCX
fire coordination exercise
STX
situational training exercise

A-58. The mortar munitions listed provide the company with sufficient munitions to conduct live-fire events.

Each company is provided with the following:


FCX. One day and one night adjust fire mission. Minimum quantities are listed for coordination purposes only. Units may add to the recommended quantities listed as available and appropriate.

CALFEX. One day and one night adjust fire mission using HE and illumination rounds. Units may
add to the recommended quantities based on their availability as necessary.
A-59. On installations where the dedicated impact area is separate from the training location expected for the live-fire events, the unit may use an observation point separate from the primary training facility to conduct the leader call for fire tasks when firing high explosives.

## Sbct Field Artillery

A-60. Figure A-29 illustrates the recommended munitions for SBCT field artillery supporting units. The munitions listed in figure A-29 are for the field artillery units, which are by the unit and not by tube to support the maneuver company. Units must consider the crew-served weapons assigned to each vehicle when calculating munitions requirements if the unit intends to integrate training within the STX and FTX events.

| Table IV                  | Table V                                   |
|---------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| DODIC                     | Munition Type                             |
| Table III                 |                                           |
| STX                       | FTX                                       |
| Table VI                  |                                           |
| CALFEX                    |                                           |
| Total                     |                                           |
| DA51                      |                                           |
| PROJ, 155-mm HE M107 with |                                           |
| Fuze Well (COMP B + TNT)  |                                           |
| 5                         | 10                                        |
| DA66                      |                                           |
| PROJ, 155-mm WP M110      |                                           |
| Series                    |                                           |
| 6                         | 6                                         |
| DA57                      |                                           |
| PROJ, 155-mm ILLUM M485   |                                           |
| Series                    |                                           |
| 6                         | 6                                         |
| Legend                    |                                           |
| CALFEX                    | combined arms live-fire exercise          |
| COMP                      | composition                               |
| DODIC                     | Department of Defense identification code |
| FCX                       | fire coordination exercise                |
| FTX                       | field training exercise                   |
| HE                        | high explosive                            |

A-61. On installations where the dedicated impact area is separate from the training location expected for the live-fire events, the unit may use an observation point separate from the primary training facility to conduct the leader call for fire tasks when firing high explosives or white phosphorus munitions.

## Ibct Ammunition Requirements

A-62. Figure A-30 to A-34, pages A-28 to A-32, lists the recommended munition quantities for weapons, systems, and platforms specific to the Infantry brigade combat team (IBCT). Figure A-30
illustrates the weapons, systems, and platforms that are common within an IBCT formation. The munition requirements for these weapons, systems, and platforms are described in paragraphs A-67 through A-71.

| SBCT Platforms                                                    | Remarks    |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------|------------|
| Mounted Machine Guns                                              |            |
| TOW/TAS                                                           |            |
| Munitions identified in this section reflect the quantity by type |            |
| recommended for each platform expected to participate in          |            |
| the training event.                                               |            |
| Mortars                                                           |            |
| Artillery                                                         |            |
| Legend                                                            |            |
| TAS target acquisition system                                     | TOW        |

A-63. The munitions listed for the platforms within the IBCT formation do not include field artillery, engineer, or air defense artillery recommended quantities. Units should refer to the appropriate chapter within DA PAM 350-38 to identify the resources authorized for company collective events.

A-64. Cavalry platforms follow the mounted, machine gun recommended munitions. Units should consider augmenting those munitions with a complement of dismounted munitions for their reconnaissance elements, as appropriate.

## Mounted Machine Gun

A-65. Figure A-31 illustrates the recommended munitions for each Stryker ICV or RV platform participating in the collective training event. The figure lists the quantities per truck within the company-size organization.

M240B, Medium Machine Gun
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
AB86
CTG, 7.62-mm 4 Ball / 1 TRCR LNKD, Lead Free
50
50
100
A111
CTG, 7.62-mm BLNK M82 LNKD
200
200
400
M2A1, Heavy Machine Gun
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
A557
CTG, .50 CAL 4 Ball / 1 TRCR LNKD M33 for M2
100
200
300
A602
0
CTG, .50 CAL Short RNG Plastic 4 TP M858 / 1 TP-T M860
A598
CTG, .0 CAL BLNK for M2 (MILES)
100
100
200
MK19, Grenade Machine Gun
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
BA55
24
24
48
CTG, 40-mm, TP, Day / Night / Thermal High Velocity M918E1
BLNK
blank
MILES
Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System or similar device
CAL
caliber
mm
millimeter
CALFEX
combined arms live-fire exercise
RNG
range
DODIC
Department of Defense identification code
STX
situational training exercise
CTG
cartridge
TP
target practice
LNKD
linked
TP-T
target practice-training
FCX
fire coordination exercise
TRCR
tracer
FTX
field training exercise

## Tow/Itas Systems

A-66. Figure A-32 illustrates the recommended munitions for each tube launched, optically tracked, wire guided
(TOW)/Improved Target Acquisition System (known as ITAS) system or platform participating in the collective training event. The figure lists the quantities per weapon system within the company-size organization.

| Table IV                                | Table V                          |
|-----------------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| DODIC                                   | Munition Type                    |
| Table III                               |                                  |
| STX                                     | FTX                              |
| Table VI                                |                                  |
| CALFEX                                  |                                  |
| Total                                   |                                  |
| WH05                                    |                                  |
| GM, TOW-2-SURF                          |                                  |
| Practice                                |                                  |
| 1                                       | 1                                |
| LA77                                    |                                  |
| SIM, Launch Antitank                    |                                  |
| (ATWESS) M22                            |                                  |
| 4                                       | 2                                |
| G978                                    |                                  |
| GREN LNCHR, SMK                         |                                  |
| SIM Screen M82                          |                                  |
| 2                                       | 1                                |
| With assigned M240B, Medium Machine Gun |                                  |
| Table IV                                | Table V                          |
| DODIC                                   | Munition Type                    |
| Table III                               |                                  |
| STX                                     | FTX                              |
| Table VI                                |                                  |
| CALFEX                                  |                                  |
| Total                                   |                                  |
| AB86                                    |                                  |
| CTG, 7.62-mm 4 Ball / 1                 |                                  |
| TRCR LNKD, Lead Free                    |                                  |
| 50                                      | 50                               |
| A111                                    |                                  |
| CTG, 7.62-mm BLNK                       |                                  |
| M82 LNKD                                |                                  |
| 200                                     | 200                              |
| Legend                                  |                                  |
| LNCHR                                   | launcher                         |
| simulator                               |                                  |
| BLNK                                    | blank                            |
| CALFEX                                  | combined arms live-fire exercise |
| CTG                                     | cartridge                        |
| SMK                                     | smoke                            |
| code                                    |                                  |
| FCX                                     | fire coordination exercise       |
| FTX                                     | field training exercise          |
| GREN                                    | grenade                          |
| GM                                      | guided missile                   |

## Ibct Mortars

A-67. Figure A-33 illustrates the recommended munitions for mortar units within the IBCT formation.

Figure A-33 lists munitions as recommendations per mortar unit that is expected to participate in the training events. The munitions listed for all the mortars are by organization and not by tube. The quantities are grouped by the formation in which they reside. Units must consider the crew-served weapons assigned to each vehicle when calculating munitions requirements for the STX and FTX.

A-68. The unit uses figure A-33 to ensure the company has sufficient mortar munitions to conduct live-fire events. Each company is provided with


FCX. One day and one night adjust fire mission. Minimum quantities are listed for coordination purposes only. Units may add to the recommended quantities listed as available and appropriate.

CALFEX. One day and one night adjust fire mission using HE and illumination rounds. Units may add to the recommended quantities based on their availability as necessary.

Infantry Battalion Mortars
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
C871
CTG, 81-mm ILLUM M853
2
8
10
C868
CTG, 81-mm HE, M821 with MOF
2
29
31
C625
CTG, 120-mm ILLUM XM930
2
8
10
CA04
CTG, 120-mm HE M934 with MOF M734A1
2
29
31
Infantry Mortars
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
BA04
CTG, 60-mm ILLUM XM767 IR
2
8
10
BA44
CTG, 60-mm, HE, IMX-104, M720A2 with MOF M734A1
2
18
20
Cavalry Troop Mortars
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
BA04
CTG, 60-mm ILLUM XM767 IR
BA44
CTG, 60-mm, HE, IMX-104, M720A2 with MOF M734A1
C625
CTG, 120-mm ILLUM XM930
2
8
10
CA04
CTG, 120-mm HE M934 with MOF M734A1
2
18
20
Legend CALFEX
combined arms live-fire exercise
IR
infrared
DODIC
Department of Defense identification code
ILLUM
illumination
CTG
cartridge
HE
high explosive
MOF
multi-option fuse
FCX
fire coordination exercise
mm
millimeter
FTX
field training exercise
STX
situational training exercise

A-69. On installations where the dedicated impact area is separate from the training location expected for the live-fire events, the unit may use an observation point separate from the primary training facility to conduct the leader call for fire tasks when firing high explosives.

## Ibct Field Artillery

A-70. Figure A-34 illustrates the recommended munitions for IBCT field artillery supporting units. The munitions for the field artillery units are listed by the unit, not by the tube, to support the maneuver company.

Units must consider the crew-served weapons assigned to each vehicle when calculating munitions requirements if the unit intends to integrate training within the STX and FTX events.

Battalion Mortars
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
CA04
CTG, 120-mm HE M934 with MOF M734A1
2
29
31
C625
CTG, 120-mm ILLUM XM930
28
10
Cavalry Troop Mortars
Table IV
Table V
DODIC
Munition Type
Table III
STX
FTX
FCX
Table VI
CALFEX
Total
CA04
CTG, 120-mm HE M934 with MOF M734A1
2
18
20
C625
CTG, 120-mm ILLUM XM930
2
8
10
Legend: CALFEX combined arms live-fire exercise
FCX
fire coordination exercise
CTG
cartridge
FTX
field training exercise
DODIC
Department of Defense identification code
MOF
multi-option fuse
HE
high explosive
STX
situational training exercise
ILLUM
illumination

A-71. On installations where the dedicated impact area is separate from the training location expected for the live-fire events, the unit may use an observation point separate from the primary training facility to conduct the leader call for fire tasks when firing high explosives or white phosphorus munitions.

## Appendix B Building Collective Training

This appendix is an overview of the warfighting functions integration requirements for maneuver collective training events. Commanders can use this appendix as a guide to build a scenario that meets the integration requirements of their event, particularly those that are evaluated externally. For each requirement at echelon, examples are given to show possible methods of completing the integration requirement. These examples provided are not finite. They provide the intent of the integration requirement and various methods. For each integrated function, notes are provided for live and virtual environments, as well as live-fire and force-on-force conditions, as appropriate. Units cannot integrate all warfighting functions in all environments or under all conditions. Units can select from multiple tasks to meet the requirements, notional options, or other methods to achieve the intent of the integrated function. Commanders and staff developing the training scenarios should review the examples to understand the intent of the integration. Units are encouraged to develop other methods to integrate the warfighting function requirements, provided the intent is maintained. All training maneuver collective training events focus on the unit's mission-essential tasks and inherent or implied supporting collective tasks.

## Unit Training Plan Development

B-1. Development of a unit training plan is a lengthy process. Developing a unit training plan requires research and analysis to create the commander's assessment, mission-essential tasks with enabling and supporting collective tasks, warfighting skills, training goals, training objectives, and collective training best practices, at a minimum. Units conduct the research and analysis of these and other topics and integrate the command training guidance into the development process. Leaders and planners must be familiar with and refer to FM 7-0 for detailed information pertaining to unit training.

## Commander's Assessment

B-2. Prior to developing any unit training plan, the commander must make a complete assessment of the unit's proficiency, training strengths, weaknesses, and the standards they wish to achieve. This assessment must be comprehensive to design training that achieves, improves, or sustains proficiency. Commanders assess and evaluate all aspects of training, including the planning, preparation, and execution. Leaders continuously monitor the unit's mission-essential task proficiency to determine a quantifiable snapshot of the unit's current, direct fire training proficiency. From this snapshot, the unit can develop a training plan to correct deficiencies, sustain fundamentals, improve mastery, and build collective proficiency.

B-3. The commander uses the specific task standards whenever possible to measure the abilities of subordinate unit proficiency using assessments from previous training and evaluation outlines and live-fire exercise records. Accurate and honest evaluations are necessary to identify where to place training emphasis.

## Mission-Essential Tasks

B-4. The Department of the Army standardizes the unit mission-essential tasks for maneuver units to the company level. This standardization ensures that like-units have like-capabilities regardless of their location, higher headquarters, or expected area of operations.

B-5. Time, resources, and command emphasis must focus on training tasks that support the mission-essential task list. Commanders, platoon leaders, and platoon sergeants should use the appropriate individual and collective tasks that support their training objectives using the following references:


CATS.

Central Army Registry (known as CAR).

Digital Training Management System (DTMS).

Soldier's manuals.

Soldier training publications.

DA PAM 350-38.

Deployment or mobilization plans.

Army Universal Task List.

Universal Joint Task List.

Army, area command, and local regulations.

Local SOPs.
B-6. Commanders use training and evaluation outlines for the collective tasks, drills, and individual tasks that support the unit's mission-essential task list. Commanders can access the outlines through the DTMS and CATS found on the Army Training Network (ATN) website.

B-7. For the purposes of maneuver collective training at the company and troop level, there are ten maneuver formation variations within the three BCT formation types. Each of these formations has their specific mission-essential tasks and branch-unique enabling task sets. The mission-essential tasks and the enabling task sets create the foundation of collective training for the organization.

B-8. Commanders build the entire training plan so their organizations can train to become proficient in their mission-essential tasks. Commanders use their assessments of their organizations and subordinate units'
proficiency and training deficiencies to determine which supporting collective and supporting individual tasks to include in each of the prerequisite table training events. Table IV, FTX, serves as the units' collective task proficiency gate. Organizations must train and externally evaluate all mission-essential tasks. Table VI
serves as the unit's live-fire proficiency gate. The brigade commander must select at least one mission-essential task to train and externally evaluate.

## Developing The Training Scenario

B-9. Paragraphs B-10 through B-59, pages B-4 through B-18, describe a general outline for developing a company-size training event. The outline is for reference only and is not all-inclusive. The outline shows all the key actions, tasks, or steps (see figure B-1) units should review when developing the training scenario for their training event.

| 1.   | Determine required tasks   |
|------|----------------------------|
| a.   | Mission-essential tasks    |

b.
Integrated warfighting function tasks
c.
Operational environment conditions

| 2.         | Identify the training environment and   |
|------------|-----------------------------------------|
| conditions |                                         |
| a.         | Virtual                                 |

b.
Live, TADSS based
c.
Live, live fire
3.
Identify the resources required
a.
Training ammunition required/available for each weapon system pyrotechnics
b.
TADSS
c.
Range facilities, training land, firing points, target locations, dedicated impact areas
d.
Time
4.
Identify external support requirements
a.
OC/T
i.
Training
ii.
Vehicles
iii.
Pyrotechnics
iv.
Evaluation packets
b.
OPFOR
i.
Training
ii.
Vehicles
iii.
Training ammunition, pyrotechnics
c.
Targetry
i.
Target panels
ii.
Lifting mechanisms
iii.
Battle effects simulators
iv.
Pyrotechnics
d.
Fire markers
e.
External direct and indirect fire assets

| 5.   | Complete the training scenario   |
|------|----------------------------------|
| a.   | OPORDs                           |

b.
FRAGORDs
c.
WARNORDs
d.
Drivers
e.
Branches
f.
Sequels
g.
Threat SITTEMP
h.
Graphic control measures
i.
Risk management

## Determine The Required Tasks For The Training Event

B-10. The company training strategy requires organizations to perform certain tasks for evaluation using either Table IV, FTX or Table VI, CALFEX. These tasks are required to achieve unit proficiency.

B-11. The required tasks are derived from the following:


Mission-essential task.

Supporting collective task. Five to seven tasks listed as critical, supporting collective tasks as part
of the mission-essential task.

Decisive action enabling task. Identified as part of Task Set 17-TS-2508, Conduct Decisive Action
Enabling Tasks.

Basic tactical task. Identified within Task Set 17-TS-2106, Perform Basic Tactical Tasks.

Integrated warfighting function tasks. Integrated warfighting function tasks required to show proficiency at a specific capability, function, or action.

Operational environment. Four or more operational environment conditions must be included in
the scenario.

Commander selected. Determined by the commander based on their current unit assessment or command training guidance.

## Mission-Essential Task Requirements

B-12. Each table within the training strategy lists how much time and the resources the unit should focus on when they train on one or more mission-essential tasks. Each mission-essential task has an associated training and evaluation outline that the evaluation commander and the training unit can use during the evaluation to gain an objective assessment of their unit's performance. The commander and training unit use mission-essential task training and evaluation outlines alone during the evaluation. The supporting collective task training and evaluation outlines are not aggregated to the supported collective task. Task and evaluation outlines can be accessed through the ATN or CATS website.

B-13. Figures B-2 through B-6 (pages B-5 through B-7) illustrate the required mission-essential task training and evaluation requirements for the collective task proficiency gate (Table IV, FTX) and the LFPG
(Table VI, CALFEX). Companies and troops have the option to execute their live-fire mission-essential task by integrating into another unit's live-fire event or executing a commander-designed live-fire exercise as an organic unit.

B-14. Commanders must prioritize the training objectives for the prerequisite tables (Table I, II, and III).

Table IV requires the execution and EXEVAL of all mission-essential tasks with the exception of Task 55-CO-4830, Conduct Expeditionary Deployment Operations. For Table V and VI, commanders select one or more mission-essential tasks that can be evaluated under live-fire conditions as depicted in figures B-2
through B-6, pages B-5 through B-7. Commanders must evaluate the mission-essential task selected for Table VI externally.

| I                     | II                      | III    | IV         | V    | VI     |
|-----------------------|-------------------------|--------|------------|------|--------|
| Task Number           | Title                   |        |            |      |        |
| TEWT                  | STX-V                   | STX    | FTX        | FCX  | CALFEX |
| 07-CO-1094            | Conduct an Attack       | REQ    |            |      |        |
| SEL                   | SEL                     |        | 07-CO-1074 |      |        |
| Conduct a Movement to |                         |        |            |      |        |
| Contact               |                         |        |            |      |        |
| REQ                   |                         |        |            |      |        |
| 07-CO-1030            | Conduct an Area Defense | REQ    |            |      |        |
| 07-CO-1272            | Conduct Area Security   | REQ    |            |      |        |
| 55-CO-4830            |                         |        |            |      |        |
| Conduct Expeditionary |                         |        |            |      |        |
| Deployment Operations |                         |        |            |      |        |
| CALFEX                                                                                                   | combined arms live-fire exercise    | STX    | situational training exercise    |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|--------|----------------------------------|
| FCX                                                                                                      | fire coordination exercise          | STX-V  |                                  |
| situational training exercisevirtual                                                                    |                                     |        |                                  |
| training environment                                                                                     |                                     |        |                                  |
| FTX                                                                                                      | field training exercise             | TEWT   | tactical exercise without troops |
| REQ  required task for external evaluation (EXEVAL) during Table IV, Field Training Exercise, to assess |                                     |        |                                  |
| collective task proficiency (CTP).                                                                       |                                     |        |                                  |
| SEL  evaluation commander selects a minimum of 1 mission-essential task for Table VI, CALFEX, Live-Fire |                                     |        |                                  |
| Proficiency Gate                                                                                         |                                     |        |                                  |
|                       |                         |     |            | Task Number    | Title    |
|-----------------------|-------------------------|-----|------------|----------------|----------|
| I                     | II                      | III | IV         | V              | VI       |
| TEWT                  | STX-V                   | STX | FTX        | FCX            | CALFEX   |
| 07-CO-1093            | Conduct an Attack       | REQ |            |                |          |
| SEL                   | SEL                     |     | 07-CO-1073 |                |          |
| Conduct a Movement to |                         |     |            |                |          |
| Contact               |                         |     |            |                |          |
| REQ                   |                         |     |            |                |          |
| 07-CO-1029            | Conduct an Area Defense | REQ |            |                |          |
| 07-CO-1272            | Conduct Area Security   | REQ |            |                |          |
| 55-CO-4830            |                         |     |            |                |          |
| Conduct Expeditionary |                         |     |            |                |          |
| Deployment Operations |                         |     |            |                |          |
| CALFEX                                                                                                   | combined arms live-fire exercise    | STX    | situational training exercise    |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|--------|----------------------------------|
| FCX                                                                                                      | fire coordination exercise          | STX-V  |                                  |
| situational training exercisevirtual                                                                    |                                     |        |                                  |
| training environment                                                                                     |                                     |        |                                  |
| FTX                                                                                                      | field training exercise             | TEWT   | tactical exercise without troops |
| REQ  required task for external evaluation (EXEVAL) during Table IV, Field Training Exercise, to assess |                                     |        |                                  |
| collective task proficiency (CTP).                                                                       |                                     |        |                                  |
| SEL  evaluation commander selects a minimum of 1 mission-essential task for Table VI, CALFEX, Live-Fire |                                     |        |                                  |
| Proficiency Gate                                                                                         |                                     |        |                                  |
| Figure B-3. SBCT, rifle company mission-essential task training requirements, example                    |                                     |        |                                  |
| I                     | II                        | III    | IV         | V                       | VI     |
|-----------------------|---------------------------|--------|------------|-------------------------|--------|
| Task Number           | Title                     |        |            |                         |        |
| TEWT                  | STX-V                     | STX    | FTX        | FCX                     | CALFEX |
| 07-CO-1256            | Conduct an Attack by Fire | REQ    |            |                         |        |
| SEL                   | SEL                       |        | 07-CO-3000 | Conduct Support by Fire | REQ    |
| 07-CO-9003            | Conduct an Area Defense   | REQ    |            |                         |        |
| 55-CO-4830            |                           |        |            |                         |        |
| Conduct Expeditionary |                           |        |            |                         |        |
| Deployment Operations |                           |        |            |                         |        |

## Legend

| CALFEX                         | combined arms live-fire exercise    | STX    | situational training exercise    |
|--------------------------------|-------------------------------------|--------|----------------------------------|
| FCX                            | fire coordination exercise          | STX-V  |                                  |
| situational training exercise |                                     |        |                                  |
| virtual training environment   |                                     |        |                                  |
| FTX                            | field training exercise             | TEWT   | tactical exercise without troops |

REQ  required task for external evaluation (EXEVAL) during Table IV, Field Training Exercise, to assess collective task proficiency (CTP).

SEL  evaluation commander selects a minimum of one mission-essential task for Table VI, CALFEX, Live-Fire Proficiency Gate

|                       |                         |     |            | Task Number    | Title    |
|-----------------------|-------------------------|-----|------------|----------------|----------|
| I                     | II                      | III | IV         | V              | VI       |
| TEWT                  | STX-V                   | STX | FTX        | FCX            | CALFEX   |
| 07-CO-1092            | Conduct an Attack       | REQ |            |                |          |
| SEL                   | SEL                     |     | 07-CO-1072 |                |          |
| Conduct a Movement to |                         |     |            |                |          |
| Contact               |                         |     |            |                |          |
| REQ                   |                         |     |            |                |          |
| 07-CO-1028            | Conduct an Area Defense | REQ |            |                |          |
| 07-CO-1272            | Conduct Area Security   | REQ |            |                |          |
| 55-CO-4830            |                         |     |            |                |          |
| Conduct Expeditionary |                         |     |            |                |          |
| Deployment Operations |                         |     |            |                |          |

## Legend

| CALFEX                                                                                                   | combined arms live-fire exercise    | STX    | situational training exercise    |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|--------|----------------------------------|
| FCX                                                                                                      | fire coordination exercise          | STX-V  |                                  |
| situational training exercisevirtual                                                                    |                                     |        |                                  |
| training environment                                                                                     |                                     |        |                                  |
| FTX                                                                                                      | field training exercise             | TEWT   | tactical exercise without troops |
| REQ  required task for external evaluation (EXEVAL) during Table IV, Field Training Exercise, to assess |                                     |        |                                  |
| collective task proficiency (CTP).                                                                       |                                     |        |                                  |

SEL  evaluation commander selects a minimum of one mission-essential task for Table VI, CALFEX, Live-fire Proficiency Gate

|                                                                                                          |                                  |       |                                  | Task Number      | Title    |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------|-------|----------------------------------|------------------|----------|
| I                                                                                                        | II                               | III   | IV                               | V                | VI       |
| TEWT                                                                                                     | STX-V                            | STX   | FTX                              | FCX              | CALFEX   |
| 17-TRP-4010                                                                                              |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| Conduct Zone                                                                                             |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| Reconnaissance                                                                                           |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| REQ                                                                                                      |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| SEL                                                                                                      | SEL                              |       | 17-TRP-9225                      | Conduct a Screen | REQ      |
| 17-TRP-4000                                                                                              |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| Conduct Route                                                                                            |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| Reconnaissance                                                                                           |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| REQ                                                                                                      |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| 17-TRP-4011                                                                                              |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| Conduct Area                                                                                             |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| Reconnaissance                                                                                           |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| 07-CO-1272                                                                                               | Conduct Area Security            | REQ   |                                  |                  |          |
| 55-CO-4830                                                                                               |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| Conduct Expeditionary                                                                                    |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| Deployment Operations                                                                                    |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| Legend                                                                                                   |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| CALFEX                                                                                                   | combined arms live-fire exercise | STX   | situational training exercise    |                  |          |
| FCX                                                                                                      | fire coordination exercise       | STX-V |                                  |                  |          |
| situational training exercisevirtual                                                                    |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| training environment                                                                                     |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| FTX                                                                                                      | field training exercise          | TEWT  | tactical exercise without troops |                  |          |
| REQ  required task for external evaluation (EXEVAL) during Table IV, Field Training Exercise, to assess |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |
| collective task proficiency (CTP).                                                                       |                                  |       |                                  |                  |          |

SEL  evaluation commander selects a minimum of one mission-essential task for Table VI, CALFEX, Live-fire Proficiency Gate

## Integrated Warfighting Function Task Requirements

B-15. Commanders develop their collective training scenarios based on their unit's mission-essential task, and a critical, objective assessment of their unit's tactical proficiency, command training guidance, and critical collective tasks that directly affect the success of the company to accomplish their mission.

Commanders select all the tasks trained during the unit training plan based on mission-essential tasks that require a demonstrated proficiency during Table IV and Table VI.

B-16. Commanders design their scenarios in multiple lanes, phases, or stages, where each portion of the scenario trains one or two collective tasks in a progressive manner. Successful completion of each lane (based on the commander's assessment using the SOP and training and evaluation outlines as a guide) moves the formation tactically to the next lane.

B-17. The trainers brief the training audience on the tasks for each lane for Table III. This builds their proficiency so that they execute the tasks intuitively based on tactical situations during Tables IV, V, and VI, respectively.

B-18. The Table III scenarios must include training on commander-selected tasks specific to the warfighting functions listed in figure B-7, page B-9. Commanders integrate these tasks as appropriate across all STX lanes. Commanders should include a repetition of the selected tasks during both the day and night phase of the training scenario.

B-19. Each warfighting function includes optional or required tasks commanders integrate into their training scenario. For special purpose weapons, commanders determine how many iterations of the special weapons to integrate during the day and night. Commanders select from the special purpose weapons available to them, as well as how the scenario initiates using those special purpose weapons.

B-20. Commanders integrate tasks as appropriate and where they deem them most beneficial. The company conducts warfighting function, integrated tasks during limited and unlimited visibility conditions, across the entire Table III training scenario eventnot on each maneuver task trained.

For example, during a two-day Table III at a local training area, the commander selects call for indirect fire during the company attack day phase, identifying priority of fires to a subordinate platoon. On day two of the STX, the commander includes training for each subordinate platoon to conduct a call-for-fire illumination mission. The commander incorporated the call for fire task into the STX day operations using HE and smoke and into night operations utilizing illumination rounds.

B-21. During Tables IV and VI, the scenario must include various warfighting function tasks that are relevant to the company's mission-essential tasks. Figure B-7 shows the requirements for squad through company to illustrate the progressive nature of the training. The figure serves to articulate the mandatory training tasks or topics units must integrate across their training plan. Commanders must incorporate and evaluate the required elements of the warfighting functions listed in figure B-7 during the execution phase of during the execution phase of Table IV, FTX, and Table VI, CALFEX. Elements indicated as optional are not required due to limited availability; however, units are highly encouraged to include these elements into the scenario when possible.

| MISSION COMMAND                           | SQUAD                                           |
|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------|
| SECTION                                   |                                                 |
| Graphics Overlay                          | Required                                        |
| OPORD                                     | Optional                                        |
| FRAGORD                                   | Optional                                        |
| Conduct a Rehearsal                       | Required                                        |
| Operate a Command Post                    | Required                                        |
| MOVEMENT AND MANEUVER                     |                                                 |
| Engineers                                 | Required                                        |
| Breach Obstacle (Offense)                 | Required                                        |
| Integrate Obstacle (Defense)              | Required                                        |
| Direct Fire Support                       | Required                                        |
| Employ Snipers                            | Optional                                        |
| Special Purpose Weapons*                  | Minimum 1                                       |
| Conduct Quartering Party Activities       | Optional                                        |
| Conduct a Dismounted Tactical Road March* | Required                                        |
| Conduct a Mounted Tactical Road March**   | Required                                        |
| Occupy an Assembly Area                   | Optional                                        |
| Conduct Tactical Movement                 | Required                                        |
| *                                         | Dismounted units only                           |
| **                                        | Mounted units only                              |
| FIRE SUPPORT                              |                                                 |
| Close Air Support                         | Optional                                        |
| Attack Aviation                           | Required                                        |
| Field Artillery                           | Required                                        |
| Mortars (Company or Battalion)            | Required                                        |
| Air Defense or Counterfire                | Optional                                        |
| INTELLIGENCE                              |                                                 |
| UAS/UGS*                                  | Required                                        |
| Digital Icon Population                   | Required                                        |
| Digital Reports                           | Required                                        |
| *Based on equipment available             |                                                 |
| PROTECTION                                |                                                 |
| CBRN                                      | Required                                        |
| Maintain Operational Security             | Required                                        |
| Perform Field Sanitation Functions        | Optional                                        |
| Conduct Risk Management                   | Required                                        |
| SUSTAINMENT                               |                                                 |
| CASEVAC                                   | Required                                        |
| MEDEVAC                                   | Required                                        |
| Conduct Consolidation and Reorganization  | Required                                        |
| Conduct LOGPAC Support                    | Required                                        |
| Legend                                    |                                                 |
| CASEVAC                                   | casualty evacuation                             |
| CBRN                                      | chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear |
| FRAGORD                                   | fragmentary order                               |
| LOGPAC                                    | logistics package                               |
and PLATOON
COMPANY
and TROOP

## Operational Environment Requirements

B-22. Units are required to develop scenarios that include influences of operational variables (political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, and time [PMESII-PT]) on mission variables (METT-TC). For company training events, scenarios must be dynamic and complex.

Scenarios must include four or more operational environment conditions that include a hybrid threat, various types of terrain, time restrictions, and social variables. Commanders can select additional variables at their discretion. Figure B-8 has examples of how a commander can integrate operational environment variables into a live-fire scenario.

B-23. The live-fire tables requiring static, dynamic, or complex scenarios are designed based upon the following criteria (see figure B-8):


Static. A static training environment has aspects of operational variables needed to stimulate
mission variables that are fixed throughout the unit's execution of the task. During live fire, a fixed
scenario that does not change and remains constant regardless of the training units' actions depicts this.

Dynamic. A dynamic training environment has operational variables and threat TTP for assigned
counter-tasks that change in response to the execution of friendly force tasks. During live fire, the dynamic aspect is depicted through a depleting enemy scenario. During the initial target
presentation, the unit is presented with a fixed number of enemy targets. Subsequent target presentations are based upon the accuracy and efficiency of the firing unit.

Complex. A complex training environment requires a minimum of four or more operational
variables (see figure B-9). During live fire, the complex aspect is depicted through a depleting or reinforcing enemy scenario. During the initial target presentation, the unit is presented with a fixed number of enemy targets. Subsequent target presentations are based upon the speed, accuracy, efficiency of the firing unit's ability to maximize direct fires, and integrate indirect fire, attack aviation, and close air support to defeat the enemy.

| SITUATIONAL TRAINING    | FORCE ON FORCE    | LIVE FIRE        |
|-------------------------|-------------------|------------------|
| EXERCISE-VIRTUAL        |                   |                  |
| SCENARIO                |                   |                  |
| CRITERIA                |                   |                  |
| DEFINITION              |                   |                  |
| Static                  | Table II          | Table III        |
| Dynamic                 | Table II          | Table III and IV |
| Complex                 | Table II          | Table III and IV |

Note. Commanders may choose to increase scenario difficulty based on overall proficiency of the company or troop.
B-24. During live fire, technical trucks (L2T), sedans (L3T), and dismounted rocket propelled grenades teams may be used to replicate irregular or terrorist forces. Using these types of targets in conjunction with traditional military vehicles such as T-90's (H1T), Soviet amphibious tracked infantry fighting vehicles,
(M1T), and dismounted troop clusters (E-type and D-type) successfully meets the hybrid threat criteria.

Operational
Environment
Scenario Examples
Variable
(PMESII-PT)
Political
The rules of engagement can be used to replicate a highly volatile situation that requires the fining unit to exercise restraint. For example, the commander can initiate the scenario by incorporating an escalation of force criteria or fired only if fired upon situation. The commander could expose several hostile target types without the use of a hostile fire indicator requiring the firing unit to exercise restraint until a target is presented that incorporates a battle effects simulator cartage simulating a hostile act. As soon as the engagement criteria is met, the unit is authorized to engage and destroy the enemy force.
Military
Incorporate designated friendly target types. For example, the M1 Abrams and the HMMWV incorporated into a scenario present obvious target signatures every Soldier is expected to recognize and avoid firing at or near. Units that are regionally aligned are encouraged to incorporate their partnered military counterpart's equipment into the scenario.
Economic
The designation of off-limits areas or no fire areas of a live-fire range can be used to emphasize or protect infrastructure. For example, commanders can restrict the firing unit to course roads to preserve notional agricultural areas.
Social
The designation of off-limits areas or no fire areas of a live-fire range can be used to emphasize the social implications. For example, commanders can specify religious or historical sites that must not be damaged.
Information
Public perception may be a critical element of the training event's OPORD.
Infrastructure
Many digital ranges provide simulated urban clusters that can be incorporated into the scenarios. This allows the commander to train and challenge the unit with the complexities that combat in an urban environment entails.
Physical Environment
Units should link training areas into the live-fire plan to present the firing unit with adequate
movement and maneuver training. Most installation's training areas have a diverse physical
environment that contains challenges such as wooded areas, bodies of water, and
restrictive terrain.
Time
Condensed or accelerated operational timeline that requires the unit to cross the line of departure or as an added criteria for mission completion.
Legend HMMWV high mobility multipurpose
   wheeled vehicle
PMESII-PT
political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, and time [operational variables]
OPORD
operations order

B-25. When no training environment is identified, the commander can create a training environment by using the decisive action-training environment available on the ATN website. This training environment is a composite model of the real-world environment. The model is a useful training planning tool to replicate an operational environment for training when one is not specified.

B-26. The decisive action-training environment is a composite of conditions, circumstances, and influences that units could encounter in current and future military operations. A decisive action-training environment reflects a real-world operational environment as it is geographically centered on a region that provides all the operational environment and hybrid threat (OPFOR) conditions needed to realistically and effectively represent training conditions needed to challenge any Army task; it uses fictitious names to be in compliance with AR 350-2.

B-27. The exercise support application and the exercise design tool are online programs that host existing exercise support packages complete with


Validated operational environment compliant scenarios.

Operations orders, road to war.

Role player scripts, human networks.
B-28. The exercise support application allows users to download exercise products into Microsoft Office tools. The application enables training developers to use automated tools that update or change existing exercise support packages or create new ones from scratch. The exercise support application and the exercise design tool are available online at the Army G-2, Operational Environment Center website.

## Identify The Training Environment And Conditions

B-29. The unit conducts each training event in a specific training environment. The conditions of the training environment determine the supporting requirements that build the training scenario. In general, the training strategy includes the following environment and condition combinations:


Virtual (V).

Live TADSS-based.

Live, live fire.
B-30. The commander uses the appropriate environment and condition set to determine the training resource requirements. The training unit acquires the training resources organically or externally from the evaluation commander (see figure B-10).

Resource
Environment, Conditions
Virtual
Live, TADSS
Live, Live Fire
Training Ammunition
Blank only
Authorized Training
Ammunition
Smoke, Signals,
Pyrotechnics
Smoke, Signals,
Simulators
Simulators
|                            | TADSS            | MILES          | MILES*              |
|----------------------------|------------------|----------------|---------------------|
| Training Facilities        | CCTT or Similar  | Training Area  | Ranges, TA, FP      |
| Targetry: Type,            |                  |                |                     |
| Threat Type                | Virtual          | OPFOR          | Quantity, Location, |
| and Sequence               |                  |                |                     |
| Support Personnel          | System Operators | OPFOR, OC/T    | Range OPs, OC/T     |
| Training Ammunition        |                  |                |                     |
| (OPFOR)                    |                  |                |                     |
| Blank only                 |                  |                |                     |
| Pyrotechnics               |                  |                |                     |
| Smoke, Signals,            |                  |                |                     |
| Simulators                 |                  |                |                     |
| Smoke, Signals,            |                  |                |                     |
| Simulators, BES            |                  |                |                     |
| Training and Certification | System Operators | OPFOR and OC/T | OC/T                |
| Vehicles                                                                                                 | OPFOR and OC/T                | OC/T Tasked Unit                 |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| TADSS                                                                                                    | MILES and Controller          | LTID** and Controller            |
| Select and mandatory                                                                                     |                               |                                  |
| Evaluation Packets                                                                                       | Select T&EOs                  |                                  |
| Select and mandatory                                                                                     |                               |                                  |
| T&EOs                                                                                                    | T&EOs                         |                                  |
| Notes                                                                                                    | :                             |                                  |
| *MILES utilized for battle damage / casualty /assessment and safety of blue force during live fire.      |                               |                                  |
| **Laser target interface device (LTID) used on targetry to support TADSS-based missile engagements (TOW, |                               |                                  |
| ATGM, AT-4) when required.                                                                               |                               |                                  |
| Legend                                                                                                   |                               |                                  |
| ATGM                                                                                                     | antitank guided missile       | OPFOR                            |
| BES                                                                                                      | battle effects simulator      | OPs                              |
| CCTT                                                                                                     | close combat tactical trainer | TA                               |
| FP                                                                                                       | force protections             | TADSS                            |
| LTID                                                                                                     | laser target interface device | TOW                              |
| MILES                                                                                                    | T&EOs                         | training and evaluation outlines |
| Multiple, Integrated, Laser                                                                              |                               |                                  |
| Engagement System or similar                                                                             |                               |                                  |
| device                                                                                                   |                               |                                  |
| OC/T                                                                                                     | observer-controller/trainer   |                                  |
| Figure B-10. Training event environment and conditions cross-reference                                   |                               |                                  |

## Identify Resources Required

B-31. Once the unit selects the training event (see figure B-11), and the training environment and conditions for the training event, the unit plans and coordinates for the appropriate resources. Figure B-11 shows the common resources for each training event within the company training strategy.

|                            |                             |       |                                                     | Resource    | Responsibility    |
|----------------------------|-----------------------------|-------|-----------------------------------------------------|-------------|-------------------|
| Training Ammunition        | Unit                        | X     | X                                                   | X           | X                 |
| Pyrotechnics               | Unit                        | X     | X                                                   | X           | X                 |
| TADSS                      | Unit                        | X     | X                                                   | X           | X                 |
| Training Facilities        | Unit/Brigade                | X     | X                                                   | X           | X                 |
| Support Personnel          | Brigade                     | X     | X                                                   | X           | X                 |
| Ranges                     | Brigade                     | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Land, Training Areas       | Brigade                     | X     | X                                                   | X           | X                 |
| Firing Points              | Brigade                     | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Impact Areas               | Brigade                     | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Threat Resources           | Responsibility              |       |                                                     |             |                   |
| OPFOR                      | Evaluation Commander        | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Training Ammunition        | Tasked OPFOR Unit           | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Pyrotechnics               | Tasked OPFOR Unit           | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Training and Certification | Evaluation Commander        | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Vehicles                   | Tasked OPFOR Unit           | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| TADSS                      | Tasked OPFOR Unit           | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Life Support               | Tasked OPFOR Unit           | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Targetry                   | Brigade                     | X     | X                                                   | X           |                   |
| Battle Effects Simulators  | Brigade                     | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| EXEVAL Resources           | Responsibility              |       |                                                     |             |                   |
| OC/T                       | Evaluation Commander        | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Pyrotechnics               | Tasked OC/T Unit            | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| TADSS (Controller)         | Tasked OC/T Unit            | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Vehicles                   | Tasked OC/T Unit            | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Communication Equipment    | Tasked OC/T Unit            | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Evaluation Packets         | Evaluation Commander        | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Training and Certification | Evaluation Commander        | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Life Support               | Tasked OC/T Unit            | X     | X                                                   |             |                   |
| Legend                     |                             |       |                                                     |             |                   |
| EXEVAL                     | external evaluation         | OPFOR | opposing force                                      |             |                   |
| L                          | live environment            | TADSS | training aids, devices, simulators, and simulations |             |                   |
| LF                         | live fire                   | V     | virtual                                             |             |                   |
| OC/T                       | observer-controller/trainer |       |                                                     |             |                   |
Table
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
L
V
TADSS
TADSS
LF
LF
Table
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
L
V
TADSS
TADSS
LF
LF
Table
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
L
V
TADSS
TADSS
LF
LF

## Training Ammunition

B-32. Appendix A includes lists of training ammunition requirements for each training event by weapon, system, or unit. The munitions listed, including pyrotechnics, are the base-line start point. The amount of ammunition authorized and available has a direct correlation to the amount of targets that trainers should incorporate into the scenario throughout the development process.

B-33. When selecting the number of live-fire targets to incorporate and present during the live-fire scenario, commanders, master gunners, and planners must consider the amount of ammunition available. Figure B-12
provides the standard ammunition-to-target ratio for the most common weapons found within maneuver companies and troops.

B-34. Throughout the units' live-fire training plan, it is likely that units can harvest ammunition from previous live-fire events, commonly known as first round hit savings. Units that have additional training ammunition should include additional targets within their scenarios during Tables V and VI or ensure they secure sufficient munitions for any necessary retraining. When adding additional targetry where harvested training ammunition is available, units should follow the target increase rules of thumb as described in figure B-12.

B-35. Units can easily incorporate unexpected ammunition availability into their live-fire scenario. One method is to present the appropriate number of alternate targets (based upon the amount of additional ammunition) together with primary targets. Doing so exposes the unit to a target rich environment and provides the unit with additional live-fire training without the need to develop additional branches, drivers, or sequels.

B-36. Another option is to incorporate an additional branch or sequel into the live-fire scenario. One example is to have the unit break contact, bound back to a previous battle position, and then represent the targets associated with that phase of the scenario. This allows the commander to incorporate displacement criteria, evaluate an additional collective task, and provides the unit with additional live-fire training.

B-37. Units should distribute the training ammunition above the required quantity described in appendix A
to a Soldier or system based on the ratios listed in figure B-12. This ensures the firer has the necessary training ammunition to adequately engage a target (or target set) using standard engagement techniques used throughout the training strategy. In instances where partial quantities remain, those munitions should be distributed as the commander deems necessary.

| Caliber or Weapon        | Ratio    | Rule of Thumb              |
|--------------------------|----------|----------------------------|
| 5.56 mm (M4)             | 1:100    | 1 target per 100 rounds    |
| 5.56 mm (M249)           | 1:50     | 1 target set per 50 rounds |
| 7.62 mm (M240B)          | 1:50     | 1 target set per 50 rounds |
| 7.62 mm (SDMR or Sniper) | 1:5      | 1 target set per 5 rounds  |
| Caliber .50              | 1:50     | 1 target set per 50 rounds |
| 40 mm (M203 / M320)      | 1:3      | 1 target per 3 rounds      |
| 40 mm (MK19)             | 1:8      | 1 target per 8 rounds      |
| 25 mm (BFV)              | 1:8      | 1 target per 8 rounds      |
| 30 mm (Stryker)          | 1:8      | 1 target per 8 rounds      |
| 105 mm (MGS)             | 1:1.5    | 1 target per 1.5 rounds    |
| 120 mm (Abrams)          | 1:1.5    | 1 target per 1.5 rounds    |

Note. The ratio is read, "one target (or target set for troop type targets) for every xxx rounds available to the firer."

| BFV    | Bradley fighting vehicle    | mm    | millimeter                      |
|--------|-----------------------------|-------|---------------------------------|
| MGS    | mobile gun system           | SDMR  | squad designated marksman rifle |

## Targetry To Support The Live-Fire Scenario

B-38. Master gunners and planners determine the number of targets or target sets that must be presented during the training event overall. They apply the ratios listed in figure B-12 to the training ammunition available to the unit. The scenario develops when the targets are presented by phase of the operation, and how they are presented to the appropriate subordinate unit so the units can effectively engage them.

B-39. Targets support the live-fire scenario by portraying the enemy threat and evoke specific actions from the training unit. Planners must use special consideration when selecting the amount, location, and types of threat targets to present to the training unit. Companies, platoons, squads, crews, and Soldiers train to use specific battle drills, weapons, munitions, and engagement techniques to defeat various types of threats. The scenario developer must build the targets into the scenario as drivers to initiate these actions.

B-40. Special purpose weapons and some integrated warfighting function tasks may require specialty targets. Specialty targets include bunkers, trenches, building facades, and high value targets. Units must identify any targetry requirements that require instrumentation, either with TADSS or with facility-provided equipment that facilitate safety, combat realism, or effective evaluations during the training event. Planners should refer to TC 3-20.31, TC 25-8, and DA PAM 385-63 for information pertaining to live-fire operations and scenario development.

## Training Aids, Devices, Simulators, And Simulations

B-41. TADSS are key enablers for effective maneuver training in force-on-force and live-fire events. Units must plan for the training, draw, installation, and alignment of the available systems. During force-on-force, Table III, STX and Table IV, FTX events, units must ensure the appropriate laser-based systems are available for their entire formation, including the OPFOR. This includes all weapons, systems, and crew platform systems. When systems are not available for a weapon or system, units should coordinate for a similar system. Units must ensure the appropriate training munitions (blanks, back-blast simulators, and main gun simulators) are forecasted to support the TADSS. Units must also ensure sufficient controllers are available for the OC/T structure assigned to the event.

B-42. During live fire, Table V, FCX and Table VI, CALFEX events, units must use TADSS such as the laser target interface device for ATGM systems when practice or live missiles are unavailable. The TADSS allow the scenario to include specific targetry capable of providing down-range feedback during device-based engagements. Units should consider keeping system TADSS installed on their Soldiers, systems, and crew platforms as a means for the OC/T to assess casualties or battle damage and to shape the training event to meet specific drivers, branches, and sequel actions.

## Training Facilities

B-43. Each training event requires sufficient facilities to support the company-size element. This includes movement and maneuver space, SDZ considerations, bivouac locations, OPFOR assembly areas and maneuver space, and life support for the training audience, OPFOR, and OC/T elements.

B-44. The design of most maneuver live-fire range and digital multipurpose range facility live-fire ranges support crew through platoon-size elements through qualification. Due to the size and composition of maneuver companies and troops, multiple training areas and live-fire ranges may be required in order to accommodate live and live-fire training events. Planners must identify and secure these limited resources early on in the planning process. Planners should strive to link training areas and live-fire ranges that are in close proximity to one another to facilitate a realistic flow of the scenario. The close proximity of the training areas and live-fire ranges enables planners to develop realistic and logical graphic control measures and to support accurate reports. When possible during virtual training, units must consider replicating the terrain and environmental conditions that may be encountered during live-fire training. Doing so lets the maneuver unit know what is to be expected during the execution of the FCX and CALFEX events.

B-45. Due to the sensitive infrastructure found on many live-fire ranges, obstacle emplacement and breaching with live demolitions may be prohibited. Local installation training areas should support these types of tactical enabling tasks. An effective method is to have the training unit perform the breech (offense) or establish an obstacle (defense) in an adjacent training area prior to moving onto the live-fire range. Units must work closely with their local range operations during this nonstandard range development process.

## Facility Support Personnel

B-46. With the exception of force-on-force training areas, each facility used during the company training plan has assigned or required support personnel. These personnel ensure the safe conduct of the event, the delivery of combat-realistic scenarios, and administrative functions. Units must coordinate with their installation to understand the organic support personnel for each facility scheduled, their hours of operation during the training event, the level of service provided, and identify any unit-provided support requirements.

## Determine External Support Requirements

B-47. When conducting an externally evaluated training event, the evaluation commander's staff must coordinate for the opposing force and OC/T element support. These elements are tasked according to the commander's intent. Both the OPFOR and OC/T element must be properly trained and certified to the evaluation commander's satisfaction to ensure the most effective, objective assessment of the training audience's proficiency can be effectively determined. The evaluation commander's staff is responsible for training and certifying the OPFOR and OC/T elements, and ensuring the necessary training munitions, pyrotechnics, vehicles, and life support for the duration of the tasking are properly resourced.

## Opposing Force

B-48. The OPFOR element must be sufficient in composition, capability, and strength to present an effective aggressor for the training scenario, its drivers, branches, and sequels. The evaluation commander determines the OPFOR composition, training, and certification based on the assessed tasks, conditions, standard, and event flexibility as follows:


Composition. The OPFOR must be of sufficient composition to enable multiple or simultaneous iterations. The OPFOR provides the flexibility to provide retraining while another unit is
conducting the event.

Ammunition. The tasked unit provides training for the OPFOR. The evaluation commander's staff
must ensure sufficient munitions are available and specified to the tasked unit for proper forecasting, draw, use, and reconciliation.

Pyrotechnics. The OPFOR requires pyrotechnics in the form of smoke, signals, and simulators.
The OPFOR's pyrotechnics is based on their role, composition, and number of iterations expected.

Training and certification. The evaluation commander determines the training and certification
process for the OPFOR element to ensure they are presenting the tactical dilemmas, observable,
or discoverable level of threat to the training audience. Their actions serve as drivers during the
tactical scenario that instigate expected and desirable reaction from the training audience. Their training and conduct are a vital component to the training event's effectiveness.

Virtual OPFOR Academy. An online application that educates leaders how to execute
company-level OPFOR counter-tasks in support of unit training objectives. The Virtual OPFOR
Academy provides users downloadable OPFOR tactical counter-tasks with task-conditionstandard of a CATS. The Virtual OPFOR Academy also provides an instructor-led video that explains each OPFOR task and an immersive video that demonstrates the task being conducted. The Virtual OPFOR Academy website also provides users with access to hybrid threat (OPFOR) doctrine, OPFOR TTP, the Worldwide Equipment Guide, the decisive action training environment and OPFOR smart book, and other useful products. The Virtual OPFOR Academy can found on
the ATN or G-2, Operational Environment Center websites.

Vehicles. The tasked unit provides vehicle support to the OPFOR. This includes not only tactical vehicles that replicate the commander's OPFOR composition, but also any administrative vehicles that directly support their mission.

TADSS. All OPFOR weapons, systems, and crew platforms must be provided laser-based training systems, respectively. Some systems, such as the M3 MAAWS or MK19, do not have associated
laser-based training devices. Units should provide comparable devices (AT-4 MILES systems for example), or direct the use of fire markers or OC/Ts to assess damage or casualties.

Life support. The evaluation commander is responsible to provide the OPFOR any necessary life support, or task a subordinate unit with those functions during the conduct of the event. Life support includes bivouac or housing, ration cycle, and field hygiene, at a minimum. The tasked unit is responsible for maintenance and recovery activities to ensure the OPFOR maintains their operational readiness.

## Observer-Controller/Trainer

B-49. The OC/T element must be sufficient in composition, capability, and strength to provide an effective assessment of proficiency of the evaluated tasks, a close-proximity safety officer, and a means to induce additional rigor to the training audience as the evaluation commander directs. They also may serve the running scenario by acting as a fire marker, assessing casualties, and determining battle damage to both blue force and OPFOR elements.

B-50. The OC/T composition, training, and certification is determined by the evaluation commander based on the assessed tasks, conditions, standards, and event flexibility. The minimum number of trained and certified OC/Ts for company-level training events are shown in figure B-13.

| OC/T Support Coverage                                                                                    | OC/T                        | RTO/Driver    |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------|---------------|
| Commander                                                                                                |                             |               |
| 1 each CPT or above                                                                                      |                             |               |
| post command                                                                                             |                             |               |
| 1 each dual-net capable                                                                                  |                             |               |
| Executive officer                                                                                        |                             |               |
| 1 each 1LT or above                                                                                      |                             |               |
| XO experience                                                                                            |                             |               |
| 1 each dual-net capable                                                                                  |                             |               |
| First sergeant                                                                                           |                             |               |
| 1 each MSG                                                                                               |                             |               |
| branch qualified or SGM                                                                                  |                             |               |
| 1 each dual-net capable                                                                                  |                             |               |
| Each subordinate platoon                                                                                 |                             |               |
| assigned or attached                                                                                     |                             |               |
| 1 each 1LT or above                                                                                      |                             |               |
| branch qualified                                                                                         |                             |               |
| 1 each single-net minimum                                                                                |                             |               |
| 1 each SFC or above                                                                                      |                             |               |
| with specialty unit experience                                                                           |                             |               |
| 1 each single-net minimum                                                                                |                             |               |
| Each subordinate specialty                                                                               |                             |               |
| unit assigned or attached                                                                                |                             |               |
| (mortars, sniper team, scouts)                                                                           |                             |               |
| OC/T requirements are for each of the subordinate platoons and specialty units assigned or attached.     |                             |               |
| For example, a unit with 3 each subordinate platoons, a mortar section, and a sniper team requires 5     |                             |               |
| total OC/Ts with 5 each RTOs and driver. Vehicle support is implied to motorized or mechanized elements. |                             |               |
| For dismounted subordinate platoons and specialty units, the overall RTO requirement may be reduced      |                             |               |
| or eliminated by the evaluation commander.                                                               |                             |               |
| Legend                                                                                                   |                             |               |
| 1LT                                                                                                      | first lieutenant            | SFC           |
| CPT                                                                                                      | captain                     | RTO           |
| MSG                                                                                                      | master sergeant             | SGM           |
| OC/T                                                                                                     | observer-controller/trainer | XO            |

## Complete The Training Scenario

B-51. Planners visualize the training event by drawing an event sketch and detailing how the unit can execute the training. They write a list of actions that meet the specified training objectives. They consider the time available to train versus the number of possible iterations to attain proficiency. This visualization serves as the concept for executing the training event. Once planners develop a sketch and visualized concept from start to end and the commander approves it, additional resourcing for the event can begin.

B-52. Planners identify and request resources early and track their availability throughout the planning and preparation phases. Effective planners use the CATS, training and evaluation outlines, and unit historical records as a starting point to identify resources. Typically, historical records document resources the unit needed and when it needed them. Successful planners know what resources they used previously for like training events. The event planner ensures the event resourcesincluding any newly identified resources
are available. The DTMS has a checklist tool that allows users to set up and track the status of training resources associated within events.

B-53. An event administrative OPORD is required to execute the training and includes all necessary coordination. It explains the concept, resourcing, and responsibilities to execute the training event.

Additionally, the plan identifies both tactical orders and OPFOR orders to drive the training and stimulate task execution.

B-54. Units use the operations process to generate the training scenario to include WARNORDs, OPORDs, FRAGORDs, and detailed, graphic control measures. The different forms of orders are used during the execution of the scenarios to initiate the desired action or response from the training unit beginning with an initial OPORD. The various forms of OPORDs in the scenario are used as branches, sequels, and drivers within the scenario to contribute to the method of executing the STX lanes for each unit. In general
B-55. Branches are contingency plans or "options built into the base plan" for changing the disposition, orientation, or direction of movement during the mission. For the purposes of collective training scenarios (missions), they provide the commander with options to alter the training focus during the mission based on observed performance. They aim to create the best possible results or conditions for the training unit.

B-56. Sequels are actions taken at the conclusion of the mission. They are based on the outcomes of the mission. Sequel actions provide missions for subordinate units and establish new objectives. For the purposes of collective training scenarios (missions), units use sequels when they have successfully met the training objectives to posture them for a continuing mission, follow-on lane, or subsequent phase.

B-57. Drivers are the intelligence, real or notional, used to instigate the training unit to execute a task, drill, or action.

The task, drill, or action directly supports the tempo, orientation, direction, and rigor of the scenario (mission).

Note. The definitions for branches, sequels, and drivers are for training purposes only as they apply to collective training events and the development of the various training scenarios.
B-58. The branches, sequels, and drivers are developed to provide the most comprehensive training plan to ensure the unit is


Challenged, not overwhelmed.

Learning, not complacent.

Rewarded, and retrained as necessary.
B-59. Scenario developers must coordinate and collaborate with the installation's Training Soldier System assets, range safety office, installation assistant chief of staff, operations, and other local agencies, particularly when developing live-fire scenarios. Units must follow the most stringent regulation or policy when developing any training event.

## Collective Training Best Practices

B-60. During all collective training events, units should invest time and effort obtaining "training discipline"
to passively provide protection, freedom of maneuver, and the ability to reduce detection by threats operating in multiple domains (land, air, sea, space, and cyber).

B-61. Paragraphs B-63 through B-73, pages B-18 through B-20, list the best practices to introduce into the unit's training discipline as often as possible. This is a condensed and generalized list of past and current discipline issues that plague operations. They have been tailored in context to the unit's training plans but are equally important during decisive action operations.

## Active Protection Against Detection In All Domains (Protection)

B-62. Units must practice and enforce noise, light, litter, and signal discipline during training. Ongoing operations across the globe have proven discipline in these areas is critical to the unit's survival. Units that lack discipline in these four areas provide obvious, rapid target detection and acquisition. Units must deliberately incorporate noise, light, litter, and signal discipline into their training and strictly enforce those standards during all training events. Commanders must employ means to evaluate units on these aspects, particularly with regard to signals discipline. One method is to employ organic or attached electronic warfare assets to locate unit locations based on signature.

## Train Displacement Criteria (Protection)

B-63. Near-peer adversaries have all the warfighting enablers and capabilities. To maintain overmatch, training must focus on applying combat power effectively and faster. Near-peers focus on counterbatteries, counter-unmanned aircraft systems (C-UAS), and other active protection measures against friendly combat power. To maintain initiative, combat power, and overmatch units must practice displacement criteria as often as possible. A stationary maneuver force can become a combat ineffective maneuver force quickly.

Mortars, field artillery, and crew platforms must deliberately practice displacement, movement to hide, alternate, or subsequent positions to reduce or eliminate their stationary signature.

## Reduce Electromagnetic Footprint (Protection)

B-64. Units must train how to reduce their electromagnetic footprint. This includes reducing radio transmissions, using terrain to mask emissions when possible, and practicing sound signal discipline. Neither personal nor official cellular phones should be part of the unit's primary, alternate, contingency, and emergency (known as PACE) communications plan. The use of personal or commercial cell phones as an emergency communications device in their PACE plan will prove lethal to units when in a combat environment. These devices add to the unit's already significant electromagnetic signature and may compromise the unit's maneuver effectiveness in a tactical situation. Commanders should use electronic warfare direction finding assets as a training aid to demonstrate how vulnerable training units are in the electromagnetic spectrum. In doing so, this provides feedback and awareness to the unit so that they may reduce future electromagnetic signatures created during operations.

## Master Digital Skills, Master Analog Fundamentals (Mission Command)

B-65. Units operate to the maximum extent using secure tactical communications systems. Units lack experience in maximizing system ranges, planning for retransmission (retrans) positioning, and operating in frequency hopping modes on tactical radios. Secure communication may not be possible during live-fire training events based on range and installation safety requirements; however, units must force mastery whenever possible.

## Map Reading Is A Critical Skill (Movement And Maneuver, Protection)

B-66. Units must train to operate without the aid of Global Positioning System (GPS) for accurate positional data. They develop techniques and identifiable terrain reference systems to validate positional data through manual, land navigation skills to enhance readiness, practice a perishable skill, and identify when GPS
spoofing has occurred. A simple survey of personnel can reveal that the average person would tend to believe an inaccurate GPS position over their own assessment of physical position due to lack of confidence in manual, land navigation skills.

## Maintain Redundant Capabilities (Digital To Analog) (Mission Command, Protection, Intelligence)

B-67. Units must develop criteria and procedures to switch to analog tracking of the common operating picture to continue operations. Units focus on the cyber threat and feel that they can secure themselves from network intrusion by operating in more secure modes. This does not account for the environmental threats to digital systems that likely pose a greater chance of occurrence, such as maintenance faults, component failures, battle damage to systems and antennas, and other incidents that may also affect digital reliance.

Units should practice operating and maintaining situational awareness using analog tracking systems for extended periods, and then further develop the procedures to capture the data back into digital systems when they become available.

## Conceal And Camouflage (Protection)

B-68. Units equip, practice, and discipline the use of camouflage, concealment, and deception in tactical operations. This is the first and easiest C-UAS mitigation strategy, which enhances force protection from indirect fires.

## Air Defense Is More Important Than Ever (Protection)

B-69. Units practice and train on combined arms for air defense. Not only is this relevant to the C-UAS fight against small unmanned aircraft systems (UASs), but the near-peer threat can employ rotary-wing aircraft with destructive effects as well.

## Employ Attack Aviation (Movement And Maneuver, Fires)

B-70. Units plan and integrate attack aviation as a maneuver force operating in a dense air defense artillery environment. Units employ this enabler in this capacity to drive airspace management, suppression of enemy air defense planning, and mission command decision point operations when determining specific target criteria and conditions for commitment.

## Use Uas At Squad Through Brigade Routinely (Intelligence, Protection)

B-71. Units train and certify the appropriate number of crews and operators to leverage UASs fully. Units must understand the UAS operator's training requirements and integrate their use into the maneuver collective training events as often as possible. UAS operator training and required flight hours support any squad through the brigade maneuver collective training event and directly supports the intelligence, movement and maneuver, fires, and protection warfighting functions.

## Decision Support Matrixes (Mission Command, Intelligence)

B-72. Units develop the commander's decision support matrices that not only account for the execution of planned decisions, but also account for capitalizing on opportunities gained through effective shaping operations. Units tend to not link the high-payoff target list with the decision support matrix to understand when they have achieved payoff and leverage the opportunity that effective targeting created. Combat power includes the six warfighting functions plus leadership and information. The decision support matrices assist the commander to manage combat power.

## Integrating Enablers During Scenario

B-73. Unit planners must consider building scenarios that provide commanders the opportunity to exercise their use of the six Army warfighting functions. This allows unit commanders to be more proficient when integrating available enablers that may assist in accomplishing specified tasks assigned from higher.

Commanders may inject thought processing scenarios during rehearsals if desired enablers aren't readily available during Tables I and II. This provides subordinate leaders with the opportunity to execute tactical decision making during rehearsals and the training event. Units should maximize the use of enablers during each table to develop/reinforce unit SOPs and build coordination between supporting elements prior to live fire. Figure B-14 through figure B-19, pages B-21 through B-26, describe how enablers can be integrated into training from collective Tables I through VI.

| FUNCTIONS         | TABLE I    |
|-------------------|------------|
| Graphics          |            |
| overlay           |            |
| Additional direct |            |
| fire control      |            |
| measures are      |            |
| implemented       |            |
| Unit receives     |            |
| operations        |            |
| graphics from     |            |
| HHQ               |            |
| Unit constructs   |            |
| terrain model     |            |
| with key          |            |
| leaders           |            |
| Subordinate       |            |
| elements          |            |
| backbrief         |            |
| leaders upon      |            |
| receipt of the    |            |
| OPORD             |            |
| OPORD             | Commanders |
| issue OPORD;      |            |
| backbriefs        |            |
| conducted with    |            |
| subordinate       |            |
| leaders           |            |
| Commanders        |            |
| provide           |            |
| subordinate       |            |
| leaders with      |            |
| locations of      |            |
| enemy/friendly    |            |
| forces            |            |
| Subordinate       |            |
| leaders           |            |
| backbrief         |            |
| commander         |            |
| upon receipt of   |            |
| the FRAGORD       |            |
| Subordinate       |            |
| leaders           |            |
| disseminate       |            |
| FRAGORD to        |            |
| subordinate       |            |
| elements;         |            |
| leaders conduct   |            |
| backbrief with    |            |
| subordinates      |            |
| FRAGORD           | Commander  |
| issues            |            |
| OPORD;            |            |
| FRAGORD is        |            |
| injected during   |            |
| rehearsals        |            |
| with              |            |
| subordinate       |            |
| leaders           |            |
| Operate a         |            |
| command           |            |
| post              |            |
| Command post      |            |
| battle tracks the |            |
| maneuver          |            |
| friendly force    |            |
| during            |            |
| operations in a   |            |
| virtual           |            |
| environment       |            |
| Command           |            |
| post              |            |
| coordinates       |            |
| with adjacent     |            |
| unit and          |            |
| increases         |            |
| situational       |            |
| understanding     |            |
| Unit conducts     |            |
| radio             |            |
| rehearsals        |            |
| with key          |            |
| leaders and       |            |
| HHQ;              |            |
| conducts          |            |
| COMMEX;           |            |
| creates and       |            |
| maintains         |            |
| COP               |            |
higher headquarters
common operating picture
fragmentary order
| CP    | command post    | OPORD    | operation order    |
|-------|-----------------|----------|--------------------|
frequency modulator
situational awareness Fire support graphics are integrated
Graphics overlay is disseminated to subordinate elements
Templated threat positions and obstacles are integrated to current overlay Commanders exercise command and control within company/troop
Commander addresses sustainment situations with company/ troop leaders
Unit employs assets available and executes specified tasks
Unit leaders conduct confirmation briefs using map and overlays to emphasize critical elements of FRAGORD
Commander receives FRAGORD from higher and updates subordinates through mission command systems
Company/ troop elements conduct rehearsals needed to support current FRAGORD specified tasks Command post sends and receives reports via FM and digital to HHQ
Unit maintains SA with adjacent elements and forwards any information from HHQ to subordinate elements; updates COP
Unit command post maintains communication with subordinate elements and HHQ;
| FUNCTIONS                        | TABLE I                   | TABLE II                            | TABLE III                | TABLE IV           | TABLE V               |
|----------------------------------|---------------------------|-------------------------------------|--------------------------|--------------------|-----------------------|
| Blue 9/Blue 10                   |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| reports sent to                  |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| HHQ; engineer                    |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| assets are                       |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| coordinated                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Unit coordinates                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| for simulated                    |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| obstacle                         |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| emplacement in a                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| virtual training                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| environment                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Engineers                        | Company/troop             |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| leaders                          |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| understand                       |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| intent, specific                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| tasks, CONOPs,                   |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| and assets                       |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| available                        |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Direct fire                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| support                          |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Leaders develop                  |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| company/troop                    |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| direct fire plan and             |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| coordinate fires in              |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| a simulated virtual              |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| environment                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Subordinate                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| leaders identify                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| tentative sectors                |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| of fire with the                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| use of current                   |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| operational                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| graphics                         |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Unit commander                   |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| emplaces sniper                  |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| teams to                         |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| conduct                          |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| overwatch  and                   |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| identify potential               |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| HVTs and HPT                     |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| in AO                            |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Conduct                          |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| quartering party                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| activities;                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| occupy an AA                     |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Quartering party                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| secures new unit                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| AO and                           |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| conducts initial                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| site survey                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Unit commander                   |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| identifies and                   |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| disseminates                     |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| information on                   |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| potential AA                     |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| location                         |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Subordinate                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| leaders prepare                  |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| quartering party                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| for movement;                    |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| PCCs, PCIs,                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| convoy briefs                    |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Conduct tactical                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| movement                         |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Company/troop                    |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| conducts                         |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| backbriefs with                  |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| subordinate                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| leaders and                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| HHQ                              |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Company/troop                    |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| executes                         |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| movement                         |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| utilizing various                |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| movement                         |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| techniques                       |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| based on                         |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| METT-TC                          |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Company/troop                    |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| move to LD using                 |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| designated routes;               |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| unit uses cover                  |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| and concealment                  |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| and ensures                      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| contact is made                  |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| with the smallest                |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| element                          |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| Legend                           |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| AA                               | assembly area             | LD                                  | line of departure        | RFLs               | restrictive fire lane |
| ABF                              | attack by fire            | MELs                                | maximum engagement lines | RP                 | release point         |
| AO                               | area of operations        | METT-TC mission, enemy, terrain and |                          |                    |                       |
| CONOPs concept of operations     | SBF                       | support by fire                     |                          |                    |                       |
| weather, troops and support      |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| available, time available, civil |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| considerations                   |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| HPT                              | high-payoff target        | PCCs                                | pre-combat checks        |                    |                       |
| HHQ                              | higher headquarters OPORD | operation order                     | SOSRA                    | suppress, obscure, |                       |
| secure, reduce, and              |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| assault                          |                           |                                     |                          |                    |                       |
| HVTs                             | high value targets        | PCI                                 | pre-combat inspections   | SP                 | start point           |
Unit identifies potential point of penetration advantageous to
the maneuvering force
Unit ensures all efforts are synchronized between the
engineer support and organic forces
to execute SOSRA
Unit conducts breaching operations on obstacle belt
and marks a passage lane for the advancing force
Leaders refine RFLs and MELs within the company/troop direct fire plan
Unit executes SBF/ABF to support the maneuver element and achieve fire superiority
Leaders employ heavy weapons teams to provide direct fire support for the maneuvering force
Quartering party supervises reception of
main body and performs guide functions
Quartering party leader supervises movement; unit
executes SPs, checkpoints, and RPs; reports route changes
Quartering party leader supervises preparation tasks
(establish internal communications, identify entrance/exit points, and mark unit areas Company/troop maintains SA of friendly, maneuvering, and
adjacent forces
Company/troop reacts to enemy contact and continues movement to designated point specified in the OPORD
Company/troop maintains correct interval, speed, and lateral dispersion while providing security and sufficient firepower forward
SA
situational awareness
| FUNCTIONS                  | TABLE I       |
|----------------------------|---------------|
| *Attack                    |               |
| aviation                   |               |
| Unit receives,             |               |
| processes, and             |               |
| disseminates               |               |
| intelligence               |               |
| collected by               |               |
| attack aviation            |               |
| assets                     |               |
| Commander                  |               |
| informs                    |               |
| subordinate                |               |
| leaders of                 |               |
| available                  |               |
| aviation assets            |               |
| for the mission            |               |
| and conducts               |               |
| rehearsals                 |               |
| Location of                |               |
| friendly and               |               |
| enemy forces               |               |
| sent to attack             |               |
| aviation assets;           |               |
| unit increases             |               |
| situational                |               |
| understanding              |               |
| for assets                 |               |
| *Field artillery Commander | Company/troop |
| clear air in               |               |
| operational area           |               |
| prior to                   |               |
| executing                  |               |
| indirect fire              |               |
| missions                   |               |
| identifies                 |               |
| priority of fires          |               |
| to support the             |               |
| decisive                   |               |
| operation and              |               |
| conducts risk              |               |
| management                 |               |
| Commander                  |               |
| conducts                   |               |
| confirmation               |               |
| briefs with                |               |
| subordinates               |               |
| on fire support            |               |
| tasks and                  |               |
| intent                     |               |
| *Mortars                   |               |
| (company/                  |               |
| troop or                   |               |
| battalion/                 |               |
| squadron)                  |               |
| Unit conducts              |               |
| coordination               |               |
| with company/              |               |
| troop mortars              |               |
| and FSO to                 |               |
| synchronize                |               |
| fires                      |               |
| Unit leaders               |               |
| identify potential         |               |
| MFP locations              |               |
| and incorporate            |               |
| assets in the              |               |
| company/troop              |               |
| fire plan                  |               |
| Unit conducts              |               |
| appropriate                |               |
| CFF missions               |               |
| to achieve                 |               |
| desired results            |               |
| for mission                |               |
| intent                     |               |
| *Air defense               |               |
| or counterfire             |               |
| Commander                  |               |
| informs                    |               |
| subordinate                |               |
| leaders of                 |               |
| available air              |               |
| defense                    |               |
| assets                     |               |
| Simulated                  |               |
| AN/TPQ-50                  |               |
| radar reports              |               |
| enemy mortar               |               |
| positions to               |               |
| commander;                 |               |
| information                |               |
| sent to                    |               |
| subordinate                |               |
| elements                   |               |
| Unit executes              |               |
| reconnaissance             |               |
| of primary and             |               |
| alternate radar            |               |
| sites; elements            |               |
| conduct local              |               |
| security for               |               |
| radar team                 |               |
| when stationary            |               |
| or moving                  |               |
| **Electronic               |               |
| warfare                    |               |
| Unit conducts              |               |
| coordination               |               |
| with EW                    |               |
| elements to                |               |
| synchronize                |               |
| effects                    |               |
| Unit identifies            |               |
| and integrates             |               |
| EW assets into             |               |
| company/troop              |               |
| maneuver.                  |               |
| Commander                  |               |
| injects OPFOR              |               |
| EW to reinforce            |               |
| signature                  |               |
| management                 |               |
|                            |               |
| Unit conducts              |               |
| appropriate                |               |
| EW missions                |               |
| to achieve                 |               |
| desired results            |               |
| for mission.               |               |
| Commander                  |               |
| injects OPFOR              |               |
| EW to                      |               |
| reinforce                  |               |
| signature                  |               |
| management                 |               |
|                            |               |

Note.

*denotes that enablers may not be available to the unit based on structure and type of the organization.

**denotes that enablers may not be used during live-fire events due to high risk in nature.

|                     |                          | Legend   |                      |
|---------------------|--------------------------|----------|----------------------|
| BDA                 | battle damage assessment | FSO      | fire support officer |
| C2                  | command and control      | HHQ      |                      |
| higher headquarters |                          |          |                      |
|                     |                          |          |                      |
| CFF                 | call for fire            | IDF      | indirect fire        |
| EW                  | electronic warfare       | MFP      | mortar firing point  |
| FA                  | field artillery          | OPFOR    | opposing force       |
Company/troop integrates attack aviation assets into the units scheme of maneuver
Coordination with attack aviation assets finalized; unit maintains communication with aviation support
Company/ troop integrates attack aviation assets, performs combat assessment, and reports BDA to HHQ
Company/troop coordinates indirect fire support through battalion/ squadron FSO
FSO and subordinate leaders conduct fires rehearsal; fire plan sent to HHQ
Company and/or troop forward observers execute fire mission with the use of FA assets
Company/troop relocates and reestablishes at alternate MFP location
Unit integrates IDF as part of the maneuvering plan for and reports BDA to HHQ
Unit integrates notional indirect fires with organic mortars to achieve target destruction or meet disengagement requirement Company/troop coordinates air/ground surveillance to provide early warning for the maneuvering force
Company/ troop and radar assets conduct counter fire target acquisition to identify point of origin of enemy artillery
Company/troop commander plans for and places air defense assets along likely air avenues of approach to provide protection for key C2 nodes
Unit integrates notional EW assets to achieve desired effects
| FUNCTIONS                      | TABLE I          |
|--------------------------------|------------------|
| *UAS/UGS/                      |                  |
| SUAS                           |                  |
| UAS/SUAS                       |                  |
| coordination                   |                  |
| and                            |                  |
| employment                     |                  |
| rehearsed;                     |                  |
| ROZ request                    |                  |
| submitted                      |                  |
| Unit emplaces                  |                  |
| UGS as early                   |                  |
| warning                        |                  |
| sensors;                       |                  |
| subordinate                    |                  |
| leader prepares                |                  |
| a sensor sketch                |                  |
| map                            |                  |
| Company/troop                  |                  |
| elements                       |                  |
| conduct                        |                  |
| coordination                   |                  |
| with UAS to                    |                  |
| conduct an                     |                  |
| overwatch in a                 |                  |
| virtual                        |                  |
| environment                    |                  |
| Digital icon                   |                  |
| population                     |                  |
| Unit CP                        |                  |
| populates                      |                  |
| templated                      |                  |
| enemy                          |                  |
| positions using                |                  |
| digital systems                |                  |
| Location of                    |                  |
| friendly/enemy                 |                  |
| forces are                     |                  |
| disseminated to                |                  |
| subordinate                    |                  |
| elements by                    |                  |
| digital means                  |                  |
| (FBCB2,JCR,                    |                  |
| JBCP)                          |                  |
| Distribution                   |                  |
| listing                        |                  |
| disseminated                   |                  |
| to subordinate                 |                  |
| leaders;                       |                  |
| leaders                        |                  |
| rehearse                       |                  |
| digital                        |                  |
| reporting                      |                  |
| procedures                     |                  |
| Digital reports Establish unit | Exercise digital |
| reporting                      |                  |
| requirements                   |                  |
| during virtual                 |                  |
| simulations                    |                  |
| IAW the unit's                 |                  |
| SOP                            |                  |
| DISTRO                         |                  |
| listing;                       |                  |
| rehearse                       |                  |
| digital                        |                  |
| reporting                      |                  |
| procedures                     |                  |
| through                        |                  |
| echelons                       |                  |
| Digitally                      |                  |
| sends/receives                 |                  |
| movement,                      |                  |
| logistical, and                |                  |
| intelligence                   |                  |
| reports to                     |                  |
| higher;                        |                  |
| SP/LD/RP,                      |                  |
| LOGREP                         |                  |

Note. *denotes that enablers may not be available to the unit based on structure and type of the organization Legend CBRN
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear LD
line of departure

| CP     | command post                                | LOGREP    | logistics report                |
|--------|---------------------------------------------|-----------|---------------------------------|
| CFF    | call for fire                               | RP        | release point                   |
| DISTRO | distribution                                | ROZ       | restricted operating zone       |
| FBCB2  | Force XXI Battle Command, brigade and below | SA        | situational awareness           |
| FSO    | fire support officer                        | SOP       | standard operating procedure    |
| IAW    | in accordance with                          | SP        | start point                     |
| JBCP   | joint battle command platform               | SUAS      | small, unmanned aircraft system |
| JCR    | joint capabilities release                  | UAS       | unmanned aircraft system        |
Company/troop elements integrate SUAS and conduct reconnaissance and security tasks
Company/troop SUAS teams receive, process, and disseminate intelligence information collected
Unit coordinates forward and rearward passage of lines with UAS assets; unit maintains contact with UAS assets
Company/troop populate threat-based icons for battalion/ squadron SA
Subordinate leaders populate threat-based icons for company/troop SA
Units update locations of friendly/enemy forces, obstacles, service support assets, and any significant actions to increase SA Digital CBRN 1 report sent within 5 minutes of activity
Company/troop FSO sends CFF missions to battalion/ squadron FSO through digital reporting systems
Unit leaders send/receive digital reports rapidly and accurately to higher or as situation permits
UGS
unmanned ground system
| FUNCTIONS           | TABLE I                                         | TABLE II    | TABLE III                           |
|---------------------|-------------------------------------------------|-------------|-------------------------------------|
| CBRN (hasty/        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| deliberate)         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Company/troop       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| assumes             |                                                 |             |                                     |
| MOPP;               |                                                 |             |                                     |
| CBRN detection      |                                                 |             |                                     |
| equipment           |                                                 |             |                                     |
| employed            |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Unit identifies     |                                                 |             |                                     |
| CBRN                |                                                 |             |                                     |
| protective          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| measures            |                                                 |             |                                     |
| required and        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| conduct             |                                                 |             |                                     |
| rehearsals          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Unit executes       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| command             |                                                 |             |                                     |
| directed            |                                                 |             |                                     |
| MOPP-level          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| procedures in       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| a simulated         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| virtual             |                                                 |             |                                     |
| environment         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Maintain            |                                                 |             |                                     |
| operational         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| security            |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Commander           |                                                 |             |                                     |
| integrates risk     |                                                 |             |                                     |
| management          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| and identifies      |                                                 |             |                                     |
| recognition         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| methods for         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| friendly forces     |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Unit elements       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| camouflage          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| personnel and       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| equipment to        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| blend in with       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| operational         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| environments        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Commander           |                                                 |             |                                     |
| conducts            |                                                 |             |                                     |
| backbriefs with     |                                                 |             |                                     |
| subordinate         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| leaders and         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| HHQs on force       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| protection          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| method              |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Perform field       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| sanitations         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| functions           |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Leaders             |                                                 |             |                                     |
| identify and        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| assign field        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| sanitation          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| personnel           |                                                 |             |                                     |
| within              |                                                 |             |                                     |
| company/troop       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Commanders          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| ensure field        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| sanitation          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| functions are       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| understood by       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| subordinate         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| elements            |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Unit leaders        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| monitor             |                                                 |             |                                     |
| sanitation          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| activities and      |                                                 |             |                                     |
| coordinate          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| assistance from     |                                                 |             |                                     |
| HHQ support,        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| when necessary      |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Conduct risk        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| management          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Unit leaders        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| apply the           |                                                 |             |                                     |
| principles and      |                                                 |             |                                     |
| steps of risk       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| management          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| during all          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| phases of the       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| operation           |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Commander           |                                                 |             |                                     |
| establishes a       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| force               |                                                 |             |                                     |
| protection          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| policy and          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| publishes a         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| commander's         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| safety              |                                                 |             |                                     |
| philosophy          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Subordinate         |                                                 |             |                                     |
| elements            |                                                 |             |                                     |
| identify and        |                                                 |             |                                     |
| train on risk       |                                                 |             |                                     |
| management          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| needed for          |                                                 |             |                                     |
| their position      |                                                 |             |                                     |
| and                 |                                                 |             |                                     |
| responsibilities    |                                                 |             |                                     |
| Legend              |                                                 |             |                                     |
| CBRN                | chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear | MOPP        | mission-oriented protective posture |
| HHQ                 |                                                 |             |                                     |
| higher headquarters |                                                 |             |                                     |
|                     |                                                 |             |                                     |
| SITREPs             | situation reports                               |             |                                     |
Unit integrates and employs CBRN reconnaissance and surveillance teams
Leaders adjust MOPP-level by performing MOPP analysis; MOPP exchange as required
Unit ensures CBRN warning and reporting systems are operational; elements reinforce fighting positions to increase protection
Company/troop elements protect friendly information, graphics, and other sensitive material
Subordinate leaders employ observation posts and conduct reconnaissance and surveillance patrols
Commander conducts assessment of current operations security and reports SITREPs to HHQ
Unit leaders verify individual sanitation procedures are performed
Unit field sanitation team conduct and enforce field sanitation measures
Commander assesses performance conducted in regards to field sanitation related tasks
Develops risk management controls and makes risk decisions as needed
Commander analyzes operational hazards and considerations to identify appropriate risk level for operations
Commander supervises and evaluates controls implemented; unit leaders monitored and enforced the risk management controls at all times
| FUNCTIONS                                       | TABLE I                    | TABLE II                     | TABLE III                                               |
|-------------------------------------------------|----------------------------|------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|
| CASEVAC                                         | Commander                  |                              |                                                         |
| issues OPORD                                    |                            |                              |                                                         |
| and injects                                     |                            |                              |                                                         |
| scenarios                                       |                            |                              |                                                         |
| during                                          |                            |                              |                                                         |
| rehearsals                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| CASEVAC                                         |                            |                              |                                                         |
| plan developed                                  |                            |                              |                                                         |
| IAW unit SOP;                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| radio                                           |                            |                              |                                                         |
| rehearsals                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| conducted                                       |                            |                              |                                                         |
| Company/troop                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| integrates                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| battalion/                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| squadron                                        |                            |                              |                                                         |
| medical support                                 |                            |                              |                                                         |
| into CASEVAC                                    |                            |                              |                                                         |
| plan                                            |                            |                              |                                                         |
| MEDEVAC                                         | Commander                  |                              |                                                         |
| issues OPORD                                    |                            |                              |                                                         |
| and injects                                     |                            |                              |                                                         |
| scenarios                                       |                            |                              |                                                         |
| during                                          |                            |                              |                                                         |
| rehearsals                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| MEDEVAC                                         |                            |                              |                                                         |
| plan developed                                  |                            |                              |                                                         |
| IAW unit SOP;                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| radio                                           |                            |                              |                                                         |
| rehearsals                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| conducted                                       |                            |                              |                                                         |
| Company/troop                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| integrates                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| battalion/                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| squadron                                        |                            |                              |                                                         |
| medical support                                 |                            |                              |                                                         |
| into MEDEVAC                                    |                            |                              |                                                         |
| plan                                            |                            |                              |                                                         |
| Consolidation                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| and                                             |                            |                              |                                                         |
| reorganization                                  |                            |                              |                                                         |
| Commander                                       |                            |                              |                                                         |
| identifies                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| consolidation                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| and                                             |                            |                              |                                                         |
| reorganization                                  |                            |                              |                                                         |
| sites by phase                                  |                            |                              |                                                         |
| of operations                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| Unit leader                                     |                            |                              |                                                         |
| identifies                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| templated                                       |                            |                              |                                                         |
| locations for                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| resupply,                                       |                            |                              |                                                         |
| CASEVAC,                                        |                            |                              |                                                         |
| and                                             |                            |                              |                                                         |
| maintenance                                     |                            |                              |                                                         |
| Company/troop                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| provide                                         |                            |                              |                                                         |
| 360-degree                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| local security                                  |                            |                              |                                                         |
| and are                                         |                            |                              |                                                         |
| prepared to                                     |                            |                              |                                                         |
| execute                                         |                            |                              |                                                         |
| follow-on                                       |                            |                              |                                                         |
| missions                                        |                            |                              |                                                         |
| Conduct                                         |                            |                              |                                                         |
| LOGPAC                                          |                            |                              |                                                         |
| support                                         |                            |                              |                                                         |
| Subordinate                                     |                            |                              |                                                         |
| leaders report                                  |                            |                              |                                                         |
| supply status                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| by submitting                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| LOGSTAT                                         |                            |                              |                                                         |
| reports to                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| XO/1SG                                          |                            |                              |                                                         |
| XO/1SG                                          |                            |                              |                                                         |
| rehearse/                                       |                            |                              |                                                         |
| define resupply                                 |                            |                              |                                                         |
| operations                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| with                                            |                            |                              |                                                         |
| subordinate                                     |                            |                              |                                                         |
| leaders IAW                                     |                            |                              |                                                         |
| unit SOP                                        |                            |                              |                                                         |
| Conduct                                         |                            |                              |                                                         |
| mission analysis                                |                            |                              |                                                         |
| to determine                                    |                            |                              |                                                         |
| LOGPAC                                          |                            |                              |                                                         |
| locations and                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| methods; recon                                  |                            |                              |                                                         |
| routes and                                      |                            |                              |                                                         |
| potential LRP                                   |                            |                              |                                                         |
| sites                                           |                            |                              |                                                         |
| Legend                                          |                            |                              |                                                         |
| 1SG                                             | first sergeant             | PERSTAT                      | personnel status                                        |
| CASEVAC casualty evacuation                     | MEDEVAC medical evacuation |                              |                                                         |
| CCP                                             | casualty collection point  | METT-TC                      | mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support |
| available, time available, civil considerations |                            |                              |                                                         |
| EVAC                                            | evacuation                 | OPORD                        | operation order                                         |
| HHQ                                             | higher headquarters        | RECON                        | reconnaissance                                          |
| IAW                                             | in accordance with         | S-4                          | battalion or brigade logistics staff officer            |
| LOGPAC                                          | logistics package          | SITREP                       | situation report                                        |
| LOGSTAT logistics status                        | SOP                        | standard operating procedure |                                                         |
| LRP                                             | logistics resupply point   | XO                           | executive officer                                       |
Company/troop evacuates casualty to next higher level of medical care
Company/troop sends CASEVAC report to higher IAW unit SOP
Unit elements conduct movement of casualty to appropriate CCP for transport
Unit leader identifies potential EVAC site based on METT-TC
Appropriate medical treatment rendered to casualty; SITREP sent to higher
Company/troop executes a 9-line MEDEVAC and maintains operational security
Unit conducts required maintenance operations
Unit identifies and requests resupply of critical shortages with HHQ
Elements conduct cross-level of personnel, ammunition, and other supplies Executes LOGPAC with selected method IAW unit SOP; key leaders assess and revise unit SOP as needed
Unit compiles LOGSTAT/ PERSTAT reports and vehicle/ equipment status for unit; reports sent to HHQ IAW unit SOP
Coordinates LOGPAC with HHQ S-4 and/or forward support company; plan, prepare, and execute resupply operations

## Calfex Scenario Development

B-74.  During collective training, units should plan and execute their CALFEX through maximizing training time and space available. Unit planners must consider developing the type of scenario to meet the unit's training objectives and commander's intent. The scenario development process provides commanders and planners with the flexibility to design their scenario using the selected collective tasks, type of training space, resources available, and training time available. The unit may choose to conduct a single-lane or multiple lane CALFEX scenario that best suits their collective training goals. Units should select the lane configuration that is most beneficial to the unit's training plan and scheduled training time while still achieving the desired end state.

## Single-Lane Calfex

B-75.  Units should consider using a single-lane CALFEX scenario when the training time and available maneuver space is limited.  A single-lane CALFEX scenario provides commanders with the ability to train collective tasks to their units using a single, training lane. The collective tasks selected are arranged on a single lane in a progressive manner to ensure the company or troop executes each task from start to finish.

B-76.  Unit planners should develop the CALFEX scenario based on the OPORD and the commander's intent
(see figures B-20 and B-21, pages B-28 and B-29). The unit should provide operational graphics that depict friendly or enemy templated positions, control measures, axis of advances, and any additional warfighting function terms and graphics as needed (see figure B-22, page B-30). Unit planners must develop their CALFEX scenarios using tactical emphasis to ensure that the designated collective tasks are in logical sequence based on the structure of the unit and their higher command's intent (see figure B-23, page B-31).

## Multiple Lane Calfex

B-77.  Units should consider using a multiple lane CALFEX scenario when there is an adequate amount of training time and maneuver space available. A multiple lane CALFEX scenario provides commanders the ability to train their units on collective tasks using multiple training lanes. The collective tasks selected are arranged on two separate lanes in a progressive manner to ensure each task is executed from start to finish. The commander along with unit planners have the ability to elect which lane is to be executed first. It is recommended that commanders identify and designate specific tasks for each lane to avoid redundancy when utilizing both lanes for a CALFEX.

B-78.  Units should develop the CALFEX scenario based on the OPORD and the commander's intent. The unit should provide operational graphics that depict friendly and enemy templated positions, control measures, axis of advances, and any additional warfighting function terms and graphics, as needed (see figure B-24, page B-32, and figure B-26, page B-33). Commanders may opt to dedicate one lane as an FCX
lane while the other being a follow-on CALFEX scenario. Unit planners must develop their CALFEX
scenarios using tactical emphasis to ensure that the collective tasks designated are in logical sequence based on the structure of the unit and their higher commands (see figure B-25, page B-32, and figure B-27, page B-34).

## Appendix C Collective Evaluation

The training and evaluation outline is the Army's source for individual and collective task training standards. The training and evaluation outline consists of the major procedures (steps or actions) a unit or individual must accomplish to perform a task to standard. A collective task also describes the performance required of a unit under the conditions of the training environment. The training and evaluation outline is a summary document that provides information on individual or collective task training objectives, resource requirements, and evaluation procedures. Training and evaluation outlines are developed, approved, and published by the responsible proponents. This appendix focuses on collective task training and evaluation outlines. During training events, leaders strive to achieve the Army standard for tasks trained. During training events, leaders and evaluators use training and evaluation outlines to measure observed task proficiency. Completed training and evaluation outlines form the backbone of bottom-up feedback that company commanders and first sergeants review at the weekly training meeting. The training and evaluation outlines provide the commander with the necessary objective evaluations to assess unit training proficiency and to assess training readiness.

## Repositories

C-1. The Army has several official repositories that contain training and evaluation outlines. Users can access training and evaluation outlines at


The ATN.

The DTMS.

The CATS.

The CAR.
C-2. Users access the DTMS, CATS, and CAR via the ATN. The ATN website does not require users to have additional privileges to view and print the training and evaluation outlines.

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## Glossary

The glossary lists acronyms and terms with Army or joint definitions. Where Army and joint definitions differ, (Army) precedes the definition. The proponent manual for other terms is listed in parentheses after the definition.

## Section I - Acronyms And Abbreviations

AAR
after action review
ABCT
Armored brigade combat team
ADP
Army doctrine publication
AR
Army regulation
ATGM
antitank guided missile
ATN
Army Training Network
BCT
brigade combat team
CALFEX
combined arms live-fire exercise
CAR
Central Army Registry
CAS
close air support
CATS
Combined Arms Training Strategy
CBRN
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear
C-UAS
counter-unmanned aircraft system
DA
Department of the Army
DA PAM
Department of the Army pamphlet
DOD
Department of Defense
DTMS
Digital Training Management System
EXEVAL
external evaluation
FCX
fire coordination exercise
FIST
fire support team
FM
frequency modulation, field manual
FRAGORD
fragmentary order
FSO
fire support officer
FTX
field training exercise
GPS
Global Positioning System
HE
high explosive
IBCT
Infantry brigade comabat team
ICV
Infantry carrier vehicle
ITAS
Improved Target Acquisition System
IWTS
integrated weapons training strategy
LFPG
live-fire proficiency gate
LFX
live-fire exercise
MAAWS
Multi-role Anti-armor Anti-personnel Weapons System
MCO
Marine Corps order
MEDEVAC
medical evacuation
METT-TC
mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available-time available, civil considerations
MGS
mobile gun system
OC/T
observer-controller/trainer
OPFOR
opposing force
OPORD
operation order
PACE
primary, alternate, contingency, and emergency
PMESII-PT
political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, and time [operational variables]
POL
petroleum, oils, and lubricants
RV
reconnaissance vehicle
SBCT
Stryker brigade combat team
SDZ
surface danger zone
SOP
standard operating procedure
STX
situational training exercise
STX-V
situational training exercise-virtual
TADSS
training aids, devices, simulators, and simulations
TC
training circular
TEWT
tactical exercise without troops
TM
technical manual
TOC
tactical operations center
TOW
tube launched, optically tracked, wire guided
TRP
target reference point
TTP
tactics, techniques, and procedures
UAS
unmanned aircraft system
WARNORD
warning order

## Section Ii - Terms Company

A unit consisting of two or more platoons, usually of the same type, with a headquarters and a limited capacity for self-support (ADP 3-90).

## Company Team

A combined arms organization formed by attaching one or more nonorganic Armor, mechanized Infantry, Stryker Infantry, or light Infantry platoons to a tank, mechanized Infantry, Stryker, or Infantry company, either in exchange for, or in addition to, its organic platoons (ADP 3-90).

## Troop

A company-size unit in a Cavalry organization (ADP 3-90).

## References

URLs accessed 17 March 2021.

## Required Publications

These documents must be available to the intended users of this publication DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms, January 2021.

https://www.jcs.mil/Doctrine FM 1-02.1, *Operational Terms*, 9 March 2021.

TC 25-8, *Training Ranges*, 22 July 2016.

## Related Publications

These documents contain relevant supplemental information.
Most Army publications are available at https://armypubs.army.mil
ADP 3-90. Offense and Defense. 31 July 2019.
ADP 7-0. Training. 31 July 2019.
AR 220-1. Army Unit Status Reporting and Force RegistrationConsolidated Policies. 15 April 2010.
AR 350-1. Army Training and Leader Development. 10 December 2017.
AR 350-2. Operational Environment and Opposing Force Program. 19 May 2015.
AR 385-63/MCO 3570.1C. Range Safety. 30 January 2012.
DA PAM 350-38. Standards in Weapons Training. 28 September 2020.
DA PAM 385-63. Range Safety. 16 April 2014.
FM 6-27/MCTP 11-10C. The Commander's Handbook on the Law of Land Warfare. 7 August 2019.
FM 7-0. Train to Win in a Complex World. 5 October 2016.
TC 3-20.0. Integrated Weapons Training Strategy (IWTS). 18 June 2019.
TC 3-20.31. Training and Qualification, Crew. 17 March 2015.
TC 25-1. Training Land. 31 July 2020.

## Prescribed Forms

This section contains no entries.

## Referenced Forms

Unless otherwise indicated, DA forms are available on the Army Publishing Directorate (APD)
website: https://armypubs.army.mil.

DA Form 2028, *Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms*.

## Websites

U. S. Army Training Network: https://atn.army.mil U. S. Army G-2, Operational Environment Center: https://tbr.army.mil This page intentionally left blank.



## Index

Entries are by paragraph number.

purpose. 5-4

## C

method. 3-7
purpose. 3-5

## M

maneuver company training
strategy. 1-1

## O

situational training exercisevirtual (STX-V)
end state. 2-8 method. 2-6
purpose. 2-4
observer-controller/trainer
combined arms live-fire
exercise (CALFEX)
end state. 6-10 method. 6-8
purpose. 6-6 training methodology. 6-18
certification. 6-37

## T

company
defined. 7-16

## P

proficient company

## F

field training exercise (FTX)
tactical exercise without troops
(TEWT)
goals and objectives. 1-11 purpose. 1-4 train the trainer. 1-15
troop
Armor. 7-17
Infantry. 7-20
Stryker brigade combat
team (SBCT). 7-23
end state. 4-11 method. 4-9
purpose. 4-7
defined. 7-16

## S W

warfighting function tasks. 1-13
fire coordination exercise
(FCX)
end state. 5-8 method. 5-6
situational training exercise
(STX)
end state. 3-9

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By Order of the Secretary of the Army:
Official:
Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army
2111107

## Distribution:

Active Army, Army National Guard, and United States Army Reserve:  Distributed in electronic media only (EMO).

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