or entry to premises that are restricted to adults only. Anonymity, Identification and Pseudonymity An anonymous record or transaction is one whose data cannot be associated with a particular individual, either from the data itself, or by combining the transaction with other data. A great many transactions that people undertake are entirely anonymous, including: barter transactions; visits to enquiry counters in government agencies and shops; telephone enquiries; cash transactions such as the myriad daily payments for inexpensive goods and services, gambling and road-tolls; and Some of the reasons that people use anonymity are of dubious social value, such as avoiding detection of their whereabouts in order to escape responsibilities. Other reasons are of arguably significant social value, such as avoiding physical harm, enabling 'whistle-blowing', avoiding unwanted and unjustified public exposure, and keeping personal data out of the hands of intrusive marketers and governments. Some categories of transactions, however, are difficult to conduct on an anonymous basis, without one or perhaps both of the parties being known to the other. Examples of transactions where there is a strong argument for identification include: an undertaking by a person to perform some action in the future, such as repaying a loan; the provision of a surety to enable the freeing of a person charged with a crime; the collection of a token intended to serve as evidence of identity (such as a passport); and the collection of a privacy-sensitive document (such as medical information). An identified record or transaction is one in which