hand, there is the reality behind appearances, a different matter altogether which I'll not address here. We take for granted that the world we see is going on out there, as we see it, when we see it, the way we see it, regardless of observation. We generally do not regard observation as a key element in the creation of the appearances of objects. I say the assumption that the appearances, of which the universe is comprised, are merely happening out there, and independent of an observer or observers, is totally wrong. An astronomer knows that the appearance of the galaxy he sees through his telescope is present where he is, and that he projects this galactic appearance back upon the object's centre. Invisible light, which the galaxy is seen by, evolves into that galaxy-as-observed as it travels, and the observed galaxy comes into being, as an appearance, in the consciousness or mind of the observer, where the observer is located, and at the time the observer sees it. Of course there was something over there, at the galaxies centre, millions of years ago, which was the source of that appearance. And of course the intervening space between the object's centre and the observer's centre played a part in what the galaxy looks like to, or rather in, the consciousness/mind of the observer. What is true for galaxies in this regard is true of all other objects. Observation is a key aspect in the creation of the appearances of all