1985, even more so than Vargas, they want a single national identity, and they want it to be theirs, the one they dictate.  So in many ways, they use the 1970 World Cup as a showcase.  When the team comes back, they all appear with the generals and what a wonderful country we are, this is a place on the move.  So in that sense, they're very consciously saying these are the symbols, these are the rituals we'll celebrate, while at the same time there's tremendous political opposition to the generals, especially by young people in the middle class in Brazil.  But ironically, in a sense, what it does, it creates a stronger sense of citizenship and civic identity. They look at the military and say, you are not allowing me to exercise my rights as a citizen of Brazil.  So much of what happens in the 1980s is the military transitions from power and civilians take back over, powerfully moves forward a sense of civic nationalism in Brazil, that I deserve to vote for president because I'm Brazilian. ERIC VAN BEMMEL It actually reinforced Brazilianness. MARSHALL EAKIN It reinforces this.  But ironically for the military, that strengthening civic nationalism is part of what pushes them out of power. ERIC VAN BEMMEL Does there still exist in Brazil, separate ethnic narratives?  You've written about black consciousness, I suppose there are some groups who would reject that notion of a single ethnicity or a continuum of colour, they reject that notion