and used a table to pin him against a wall. Although the District Court ordered the authorities to pay 350,000 en in damages for the denial of access to the lawyers, there was no independent investigation into Mainali's complaints of ill-treatment. Mainali's case is the latest in a series of miscarriages of justice in Japan and also highlights the serious problems with Japan's daiyo kangoku (substitute prison) system. Amnesty International also calls therefore on the Japanese government to: ** Abolish or reform the daiyo kangoku system to bring into line with international standards; ** Ensure that detainees are entitled to have legal counsel present during interrogation sessions; ** Ensure audio and video recordings and transcripts of all interrogation sessions, including a record of the identity of all persons present. The recordings and transcripts should also be made available to the detainee and their lawyer. ** In addition, establish audio and video surveillance of all areas of custody facilities where detainees may be present, except where this would violate detainees' right to privacy or to confidential communication with their lawyer or with a doctor. Recordings should be kept in secure facilities for a reasonable period and in the event of a complaint be made available for investigators, individuals who have made a complaint and their representatives. Our successes Here's where the hard work, the research, the campaigning and the letter writing pays off. Every year survivors of human rights abuses thank us for our work. They show that together, we make