By contrast, around 70% of the historically used calving grounds are currently associated with some form of infrastructure, including Twofold Bay (the only known historic calving ground in NSW), now the site of major industrial and shipping activity (Pirzl 2008). 17. Other potential threats to the Southern Right Whale include ingestion of marine debris such as plastic, and acoustic pollution (e.g. noise from marine vessels and seismic survey activity) which affects cetacean reactions, and may also disrupt the connectivity of coastal habitat, but the impact is not well researched in Southern Right Whales (Richardson et al . 1995; Smith 2001; DEH 2005). Hunting may pose a future potential threat to the species given the current pressure for the resumption of commercial whaling and/or the expansion of scientific whaling. 18. Climate and oceanographic change may affect habitat and food availability for the Southern Right Whale. The Southern Right Whale is most likely to be affected by climate change through the changes in sea ice extent and duration, which will subsequently affect the distribution and abundance of their main food source, krill and a rise in sea level may result in loss of coastal habitat such as nursery grounds and sheltering areas (IWC 2009). 'Anthropogenic Climate Change' is listed as a Key Threatening Process under the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995. 19. Although commercial harvesting of the Southern Right Whale has ceased, and populations both globally and in south-western Australia appear to be stable or increasing, the south-eastern Australian stock of Southern