CTL1202 H Mathematics in the School Curriculum: Elementary This course examines what mathematics should be taught, how to define and increase students' understanding of mathematics, classroom discourse and student engagement in elementary mathematics. The intent of the course is to provide a gounding in mathematics education. CTL1206 H Teaching and Learning Science This course involves a study of theories of learning in the context of science education, a survey of research relating to children's understanding of concepts in science, and an exploration of strategies for more effective science teaching. CTL1207 H Teaching and Learning about Science: Issues and Strategies in Science, Technology, Society and Environment (STSE) Education A detailed study of issues in the history, philosophy, and sociology of science that have significance for science education, an examination of the philosophy underpinning the STS movement, and a consideration of some of the theoretical and practical problems surrounding the implementation of science curricula intended to focus on environmental, socioeconomic, cultural, and moral-ethical issues. CTL1208 H Curriculum Issues in Science and Technology: An Historical Perspective This course aims to illuminate contemporary international debate in science and technology education and to provide some insight into the nature of curriculum change through a critical analysis of episodes in science curriculum history. CTL1209 H Current Issues in Science and Technology Education The course focuses on the design of effective strategies for exploring students' personal frameworks of meaning in science and addresses issues of contemporary international debate about science and technology education, including the "Science for