scientific journals published by professional societies, subscriptions cover only a portion of the costs of publishing JM 3 ," Mack said. "Historically, JM 3 has covered some of its cost by asking authors to voluntarily pay page charges. Now, in addition to receiving benefit in the knowledge that they are supporting a journal that is important to their work and their scientific community, the new open access option adds a significant new benefit for both authors and readers." "Much, but not all, research is financially supported by governments," Lakhtakia said. "At the same time, a substantial number of research papers emerge from privately funded or even unsponsored research. Should the authors themselves pay for open-access publication, or should the readers continue to pay, as they have been doing for more than two centuries? SPIE has confronted these and related issues, and decided in favor of a flexible approach. For authors, open access should lead to more awareness and use of their research and may result in more citations." Open Nobelists' content SPIE is also celebrating Open Access Week by opening selected papers from the SPIE Digital Library authored by 2012 Nobel Laureates. These papers will be freely accessible through 2012: "Open access complements the primary mission of SPIE as a not-for-profit society: to foster knowledge transfer, education, and networking among researchers, technology leaders, educators, and students engaged in the industries we serve," said SPIE CEO Eugene Arthurs . "This is a driving force in all of our programs, including our