type or intensity of support an individual might require - just as non-disabled individuals in the community have widely varying needs. An intellectual disability may be congenital (the individual is born with it) or it may be acquired, through accident or disease. Some people associate intellectual disability with specific causation (such as Autism, Down Syndrome, or Prader-Willi) but more commonly (in about 50% of cases) the cause is unknown (often described as a "generalized intellectual disability"). Intellectual disabilities cut across the lines of racial, ethnic, educational, social, and economic backgrounds, but many adults with intellectual disabilities live in poverty as a result of limited incomes. Several terms have been commonly used to refer to intellectual disability, including cognitive impairment, developmental disability, mental challenge, mental handicap, mental retardation, and more. In the United Kingdom, the term learning disability typically refers to intellectual disability, but in North America, the term is used differently, and refers to populations with very distinct needs. As defined by the Learning Disabilities Association of Canada, learning disabilities occur only in individuals who otherwise demonstrate at least average abilities essential for thinking and/or reasoning. As such, learning disabilities (as the term is used in Canada) is totally distinct from intellectual disability. The term developmental disability is sometimes used interchangeably with intellectual disability. The term is being replaced in most jurisdictions by intellectual disability, because the word developmental can lead to confusion about the nature of the disability and its lifelong effects. People with intellectual disabilities may have other