urges/motivations, here and now, as they arise. My experience is that such urges can be known at the point of 'thoughts and the emotions that drive them' and it's possible but not easy [for me] to always know what will lead to joy or to remorse. Hi Tony, (This is a response to your 29/11 post as well as the above). Yes, I agree thoroughly with you that this is exactly the point of issue in ethics: what we do at those moments. However, what I do at those moments (at least when I move forward, rather than yielding to habit) is modelled by the assumptions I am trying to avoid and the way I understand the conflicts I am experiencing. I think we only make progress by dwelling in the ambiguous practical zone between the two opposed metaphysical interpretations of the situation: e.g. that I don't have a choice due to your 'hardwired back-brain urge', or alternatively that I do have a complete choice (otherwise known as determinism and freewill). Both of these absolute accounts are just limited left-brain constructions of the situation. If I want to integrate the conflicting urges (e.g. to eat or not to eat) I have to let go of the beliefs either that it is inevitable that I will eat or that I can do whatever I can abstractly construct an intention of doing, such as give up eating undesirable foods just by wanting to at a specific moment. These are the beliefs that