more serious breaches to do with local issues in Chongqing when he was mayor. We don't know the details. We know when he came into power six or seven years ago he carried out a major crime campaign, anti-crime campaign, in which many people were summarily arrested, dealt with killed and executed by the courts and there's a whole stream of complaints to the central authorities there were many unjust done at that time. That may also be breach of party discipline. TONY JONES: Did he run afoul of the factional system because he was evidently about to be elected or promoted into the nine member very powerful standing committee of the Politburo. Could he have run afoul of other factional figures in the Politburo? GEREMIE BARME: We know that there's been disturbances and debate about his rise and his influence for the last couple of years. One must say that in March, April last year a good year and a half ago, there were already a lot of speculation about political rumour mongering and about factionalism within the party. The party issued a communique banning people to engage in arrant gossip and speculation and said all forms of factional behaviour should stop and cease forthwith. That was an indication for those who read the party Tianjin leaves of party behaviour something was profoundly wrong a year and a half ago, nearly a year before Bo Xilai fell. He was definitely part of this factional warfare. I think of Chinese