Content_paragraphs:  Responsibility was attributed to the government security forces for 90 cases (23 
  
  per cent) of killing (42) and maiming (48), namely FARDC (78) and Congolese 
  
  National Police (12). Most killings by FARDC occurred during military operations 
  
  against armed groups, during which 30 children were killed by bullets. Other children 
  
  were killed by FARDC during attacks on civilians (4), at roadblocks where children 
  
  were stopped to pay taxes (6), and during protests in Bukavu, South Kivu, during the 
  
  electoral period (2). Military operations were mainly concentrated in North Kivu, 
  
  notably against ADF; in the greater Kasai region against Kamuina Nsapu in 2019 ; as 
  
  well as in Maniema against Mai-Mai Malaika in 2020. For instance, on 24 February 
  
  2019 in Kamonia territory, Kasai Province, eight children (7 boys, 1 girl) associated 
  
  with Kamuina Nsapu were shot dead during a raid on a gathering site of former 
  
  Kamuina Nsapu elements. On 11 January 2020, eight children (4 boys, 4 girls) were 
  
  killed by FARDC in crossfire during clashes with Mai-Mai Malaika in the vicinity of 
  
  a school in Maniema Province.