Translate the text from Welsh to English.



 
Roedd chwe mlynedd o ymladd a dioddefaint digynsail wedi gorffen o’r diwedd. A chafodd aelodau’r lluoedd o Gymru, yn ddynion ac yn fenywod, oedd wedi bod yn ymladd yn y Dwyrain Pell a’r Cefnfor Tawel ddod adref at eu hanwyliaid unwaith yn rhagor.


Cefais y fraint o gael siarad â feteraniaid oedd wedi bod yn gwasanaethu yn y Dwyrain Pell yn ystod yr Ail Ryfel Byd ar Zoom wythnos ma. Bydd storïau byw Walford Hughes a Ted Owens yn aros yn fy nghof am byth, fel y bydd eu cefnogaeth i’w cyd\-feteraniaid wrth iddynt geisio ailgydio mewn bywyd ar ôl y rhyfel.  


Mae’n anodd dychmygu heddiw gymaint o bobl wynebodd chwalfa fel rhan o waddol y rhyfel a ymladdwyd ar draws rhannau helaeth o’n planed, yr holl ffordd o Hawaii i’r India.


Y drychineb hefyd oedd i filiynau o bobl gyffredin ar draws Asia a’r Cefnfor Tawel eu lladd a’u hanafu hefyd. Daeth y bom niwclear cynta i’w ddefnyddio erioed â distryw i bobl Hiroshima.  Byddai ei waddol yn para degawdau.


Rhwng Rhagfyr 1941 ac Awst 1945, gwelodd Lluoedd Prydain a’r Gymanwlad a’u cynghreiriaid ymladd ffyrnig ar dir, yn yr awyr ac ar fôr, mewn jyngls ac ar ynysoedd pellennig.


Erbyn diwedd y rhyfel, roedd 30,000 o filwyr Prydeinig wedi’u lladd yn y Dwyrain Pell, a thair gwaith cymaint â hynny wedi’u hanafu. Dioddefodd dros 130,000 o filwyr y cynghrair amodau arswydus fel carcharorion rhyfel.


Roedd yr amodau a wynebai’r carcharorion yn erchyll. Cafodd rhai eu hanfon i wersylloedd llafur yn y jyngl. Bu eraill yn adeiladu ffyrdd a phontydd a chafodd rheilffordd Burma\-Gwlad Thai yr enw ‘Rheilffordd Angau’ wedi i 15,000 o garcharorion rhyfel ac 80,000 o lafurwyr lleol farw wrth ei hadeiladu.


Cafodd sifiliaid y cynghreiriaid, yn fenywod, plant a dynion, oedd yn byw yn y Dwyrain Pell eu rhoi mewn gwersylloedd a’u cadw o dan amodau yr un mor fwystfilaidd.


I bawb a oroesodd – yn aelodau’r lluoedd ac yn sifiliaid – mae creithiau’r rhyfel ar gorff ac enaid yn rhai dwfn.


Ar ôl llawenydd diwrnod Buddugoliaeth yn Ewrop (VE), ni fedrwn ond dychmygu dewrder a chadernid y rheini a ddaliodd ati i ymladd am dri mis hir arall. Bu’n rhaid i’r milwyr o Gymru a wasanaethodd yn y Dwyrain Pell a’r Cefnfor Tawel wynebu amodau na welsant mo’u tebyg o’r blaen. Gwres llethol, monsŵn, mosgitos a chlefydau trofannol, roedd eu brwydrau’n rhyfeddol.


Roedd rhyw 90% o bersonél y brif fyddin yn Ne\-ddwyrain Asia – y 14eg Fyddin – yn hanu o’r parthau lle mae India, Pacistan a Bangladesh heddiw.


Ni ellir mesur cyfraniad gwirfoddolwyr yr holl genhedloedd. Roedd Byddin India wedi tyfu i fod yn 2\.5 miliwn o aelodau erbyn diwedd y rhyfel, y fyddin fwyaf o wirfoddolwyr yn hanes y byd.


Ar ôl gorfoledd Diwrnod VE, teimlai llawer o filwyr o Gymru a oroesodd y Dwyrain Pell bod y byd wedi anghofio am y ‘Fyddin Angof’. Roeddynt wedi ymladd mor bell o gartref, heb gysylltiad o gwbl â’u hanwyliaid nac â’u byd cyfarwydd. Roedd sylw pawb gartref wedi bod ar Ewrop.  Hawdd maddau iddynt felly am feddwl bod neb yn cofio’u hymdrechion.


Testun tor\-calon yw bod llawer a fu farw mewn meysydd tramor wedi’u gadael yno, heb fedd na charreg i’w nodi.


Ar Ddiwrnod Buddugoliaeth yn Japan (VJ), roedd y rheini oedd yn y Dwyrain Pell yn dal i fod dramor, neu ar fwrdd llong yng nghanol y môr fel Stan Smith o’r Barri, wythnosau neu fisoedd oddi cartref. Roedd y rheini ddychwelodd wedi’u newid am byth gan eu profiadau.


Ddydd Sadwrn, byddwn yn cofio’r 75mlwyddiant hwn ac yn talu teyrnged i bawb yr effeithiwyd arnynt gan y rhyfel yn y Dwyrain Pell a’r Cefnfor Tawel. Aelodau’r lluoedd, eu teuluoedd a sifiliaid o bob rhan o’r byd.


Rydym yn talu teyrnged i bawb sydd wedi dioddef oherwydd rhyfel, yn ein hamserau rhyfeddol ni o dan gysgod y coronafeirws, a fydd yn ddi\-os yn effeithio ar ein cynlluniau arferol i goffáu. Ond a ninnau wedi gorfod aberthu a cholli anwyliaid, rydym yn cofio’r rheini 75 mlynedd yn ôl, pan oedd y gwrthdaro mwyaf dinistriol yn hanes y byd yn tynnu i’w derfyn. Aberth a dioddefaint y rheini a agorodd lwybr i’r genhedlaeth a’i dilynodd i weithio at heddwch.


Rydym yn diolch ichi. Fe’ch cofiwn, Mewn angof, ni chewch fod.


Cymryd rhan:


* cymerwch ran mewn saib dwy funud o dawelwch am 11am, fore 15 Awst
* dathlwch gartref – am syniadau, ewch i https://ve\-vjday75\.gov.uk/
* crewch hashnod cymdeithasol gan ddefnyddio \#DiwrnodVJ75 \#VJDay75, i rannu storïau’ch teulu ac i ddweud Diolch






Translation:


 
The surrender of Japan to the Allied forces 75 years ago, signalled the end of the Second World War.


Six years of unprecedented conflict and suffering was finally coming to a close. And the Welsh troops who had been fighting in the Far East and Pacific were to return to their beloved homeland once more.


I was lucky enough to speak with veterans who served in the Far East during the Second World War over zoom this week. The inspirational stories I heard from Walford Hughes and Ted Owens will stay with me forever, as will their support for fellow veterans readjusting to life after war. 


Today it is difficult to imagine just how many people were devastated by the legacy of war that raged across this huge expanse of our planet, all the way from Hawaii to India.


Tragically, millions of civilians across Asia\-Pacific were killed and injured. The first ever nuclear bomb used in war brought devastation to the people of Hiroshima. Its legacy would last for decades to come.


Between December 1941 and August 1945, British and Commonwealth forces and their allies engaged in ferocious fighting by land, air and sea, across jungles and remote islands.


By the end of the war, 30,000 British troops had been killed in the Far East, with three times as many injured. Over 130,000 allied troops had suffered brutal conditions as prisoners of war.


Those who became prisoners faced harrowing conditions. Some were sent to labour camps in the jungle. Others built roads and bridges. The (*then\-called*) Burma\-Thailand railway was nicknamed, ‘Death Railway’, after 15,000 prisoners of war and 80,000 local labourers died constructing its path.


The allied civilians living in the Far East were captured and interned in camps, where women, children and men were subjected to similarly brutal conditions. 


For all those who survived – military and civilians \- the wounds of war were etched firmly in their psyche for good.


After the joy of Victory in Europe (VE) day, we can only imagine the courage and fortitude of those who remained at war for another three long months. The Welsh troops serving in the Far East and Pacific faced conditions they’d never even heard of before. In extreme heat, in monsoons, alongside mosquitos and facing tropical disease, their battle was quite extraordinary.


Collaboration with allies was key to success. Indian, Myanmarese, Nepali and troops from across the African continent, led the effort in South East Asia with Australian, New Zealand, Pacific Islanders, US and Canadians in the South West and Central Pacific. Many other nations also contributed.


Around 90% of personnel of the main army in South East Asia – the 14th Army \- hailed from modern day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.


The contribution of volunteers across the nations was staggering. The Indian Army, had grown to 2\.5 million members by the end of the war, making it the largest volunteer army in history.


After the elation of VE day, some Welsh troops who survived the Far East felt like the ‘Forgotten Army’. They had served so far away, cut off from their loved ones and any contact with the world they had known. The focus at home had firmly been on Europe; they could be forgiven for thinking their efforts had been forgotten.


Tragically, many who died were left in those foreign fields, in unmarked graves.


On Victory in Japan (VJ) day, those in the Far East were still overseas, or on board a ship in the middle of the ocean like Stan Smith from Barry, weeks or months from home. Those who returned were changed forever by their experiences.


On Saturday, we will mark this important anniversary and pay tribute to all those affected by the war in the Far East and Pacific: Service personnel, their families and all civilians around the world.


We pay our tributes to all of those affected by war, in our own extraordinary time, under the shadow of coronavirus, no doubt impacting our usual plans for commemorations.  But at a time when we have had to make sacrifices and suffered losses, we remember those 75 years ago who were there at the end of the most destructive conflict the world has ever seen. Those whose sacrifice and suffering allowed the next generation to work towards peace.


We thank you. We remember you. You will never be forgotten.


Get involved:


* take Part in a 2 minute silence at 11am on the 15th August
* celebrate in your own homes– for ideas go to VJ 75 Day
* take to social using hashtags \#VJDay75 \#DiwrnodVJ75, to share your family stories and to say Thank You/Diolch