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O 1 Ionawr 2022, mae Sgrinio Serfigol Cymru wedi ymestyn y bwlch rhwng profion sgrinio serfigol arferol o dair blynedd i bum mlynedd. Mae'r newid hwn yn berthnasol i bobl â cheg y groth sy'n 25 i 49 oed \- os na chanfu feirws papiloma dynol yn eu prawf sgrinio serfigol. Y rheswm am y newid yw'r ffaith bod y prawf sgrinio presennol yn fwy cywir na'r prawf sgrinio blaenorol. Golyga hyn y bydd y bwlch rhwng profion sgrinio ar gyfer y grŵp oedran hwn yr un fath ag ydyw ar gyfer pobl rhwng 50 a 64 oed.


Mae Iechyd Cyhoeddus Cymru wedi cynhyrchu Cwestiynau Cyffredin sy'n helpu i esbonio'r rhesymeg y tu ôl i'r newid a'r hyn y gall pobl yn y garfan gymwys ei ddisgwyl bellach. Gallwch weld yr wybodaeth honno ar ei wefan.


Nid yw sgrinio serfigol yn brawf ar gyfer canser; mae'n brawf ar gyfer y feirws sy'n ei achosi. Mae’r feirws papiloma dynol (HPV) yn feirws cyffredin iawn y bydd gan y rhan fwyaf o bobl ar ryw adeg yn ystod eu bywyd. Ond dim ond mathau penodol o HPV sy'n achosi canser ceg y groth. Ers mis Medi 2018, mae Sgrinio Serfigol Cymru wedi defnyddio prawf sgrinio serfigol mwy sensitif fel mater o drefn sy'n chwilio am y 14 math o HPV risg uchel sy'n achosi 99\.8% o’r achosion o ganser ceg y groth. Mae'r prawf hwn yn helpu i atal mwy o achosion o ganser na'r profion cytoleg sylfaenol blaenorol gan ei fod yn nodi pobl sy’n wynebu risg o gael canser ceg y groth. Mae hyn yn caniatáu i newidiadau i’r celloedd gael eu canfod a'u trin yn gynharach


Hoffwn bwysleisio bod y newid hwn wedi'i wneud oherwydd bod y prawf sgrinio presennol yn fwy cywir na’r prawf blaenorol. Felly, mae angen prawf sgrinio llai aml ar y rhai nad oes ganddynt HPV.


Bydd y rhai y nodir bod ganddynt HPV yn cael apwyntiadau dilynol, naill ai drwy gael eu cyfeirio i gael archwiliad pellach mewn clinig colposgopi mewn ysbyty, neu drwy wahoddiad am brawf pellach ymhen blwyddyn, os na chafodd unrhyw newidiadau i'r celloedd eu canfod yn eu sampl.


Os bydd HPV yn cael ei ganfod, gall gymryd sawl blwyddyn cyn i'r celloedd ddechrau newid i rywbeth sy'n peri pryder.


Gwnaed y newid i’r blwch rhwng profion sgrinio yn unol â chyngor annibynnol ac arbenigol Pwyllgor Sgrinio Cenedlaethol y DU. Gwnaeth y Pwyllgor hwnnw yr argymhelliad ar gyfer ymestyn y bwlch rhwng profion ym mis Chwefror 2019 ar ôl cynnal ymgynghoriad cyhoeddus. Felly, dyma'r argymhelliad cyfredol ar gyfer y DU sy'n seiliedig ar dystiolaeth. Cafodd y newid ei roi ar waith yn yr Alban ym mis Mawrth 2020\. Mae'r newid yn cael ei wneud yng Nghymru bellach gan fod y dystiolaeth wedi dangos ei bod yn ddiogel i ymestyn y bwlch rhwng y profion sgrinio ar sail y ffaith bod y prawf sgrinio’n fwy effeithiol.


Nid yw'r prawf sgrinio serfigol yn briodol i bobl sy'n dangos symptomau o ganser ceg y groth, gan nad yw'n brawf ar gyfer canser. Os oes gan unrhyw un symptomau posibl o ganser ceg y groth, yna dylent siarad â'u meddyg teulu a fydd yn ystyried yr angen i’w cyfeirio i gael archwiliad cyflym.


Ers 2008, mae merched 12 neu 13 oed wedi cael cynnig y brechlyn HPV ledled y DU i helpu i ddiogelu rhag canser ceg y groth. Mae ymchwil galonogol wedi dangos bod y brechlyn wedi arwain at ostyngiad o tua 90% yn nifer y bobl sydd â chelloedd cyn\-ganseraidd. Mae'r cyfuniad o imiwneiddio a phrofion sgrinio serfigol yn cynnig yr amddiffyniad gorau posibl rhag canser ceg y groth, a disgwyliwn weld gostyngiad sylweddol mewn achosion o ganser ceg y groth yn y dyfodol agos.


Mae'r datganiad hwn yn cael ei gyhoeddi yn ystod y toriad er mwyn rhoi'r wybodaeth ddiweddaraf i'r aelodau. Pe bai'r aelodau'n dymuno imi wneud datganiad pellach, neu ateb cwestiynau ar hyn pan fydd y Senedd yn dychwelyd, byddwn yn fodlon gwneud hynny.







Translation:


 
As of 1 January 2022 Cervical Screening Wales (CSW) has extended the routine screening interval for people with a cervix aged 25 to 49 from three to five years \- if human papillomavirus is not found in their cervical screening test. This is as a result of the current screening being more accurate than the previous screening test. This brings the advice for this age group in line with the screening interval for those aged 50 to 64\.


Public Health Wales has produced FAQs which help explain the rationale behind the change and what people in the eligible cohort can now expect which will be available on its website.


Cervical screening is not a test for cancer; it is a test for the virus that causes it. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a very common virus that most people will have at some time during their life but only certain types of HPV cause cervical cancer. Since September 2018, CSW has routinely used a more sensitive cervical screening test which looks for the 14 high\-risk types of HPV that cause 99\.8% of cervical cancers. This test helps to prevent more cancers than the previous primary cytology testing as it identifies people who are at risk of cervical cancer. This allows changes to be found and treated earlier.


I would like to reiterate that the change has been made because the current screening is more accurate than previous testing and, therefore, less frequent screening is required for those who do not have HPV.


Those who are identified as having HPV will be followed up closely, either by being referred for further review at a hospital colposcopy clinic or by invitation for a further test in a year’s time if there were no cell changes present in their sample.


Where HPV is detected, it can be many years before cells start to change into something sinister.


The change to the screening interval has been made in line with the independent, expert advice of the UK National Screening Committee, which made the recommendation for the interval change in February 2019 after undertaking a public consultation. This is therefore the current evidence\-based recommendation at a UK level. It was implemented in Scotland in March 2020\. The change is now being made in Wales as the evidence has shown it is safe to extend the screening interval due to the improved test.


Cervical screening is not appropriate for people displaying symptoms of cervical cancer as it is not a test for cancer. If anyone has possible symptoms of cervical cancer then they should speak to their GP who will consider the need to refer people for rapid investigation.


Since 2008, girls aged 12 or 13 have been offered the HPV vaccine across the UK to help protect against cervical cancer. Encouraging research has shown that the vaccine has led to about a 90% reduction in the number of people with pre\-cancerous cells. The combination of immunisation and cervical screening offers the best possible protection against cervical cancer and we expect to see a significant decline in cervical cancers in the near future.


This statement is being issued during recess in order to keep members informed. Should members wish me to make a further statement or to answer questions on this when the Senedd returns I would be happy to do so.