Translate the text from Welsh to English.



 
Cafodd y rhaglen ei lansio ym mis Mehefin ac mae 20 o safleoedd ledled Cymru ac 80% o boblogaeth Cymru bellach yn cael eu monitro.


Ymchwilwyr o brifysgolion Cymru oedd y cyntaf yn y DU i gynnal arolwg cenedlaethol o’r COVID\-19 mewn canolfannau trefol mawr ac yng Nghymru y cafodd y dechnoleg ei datblygu i allu gwneud hyn.


Maen nhw wedi bod yn mesur presenoldeb y feirws SARS\-CoV\-2 mewn dŵr gwastraff oherwydd bron bob tro y ceir achosion wedi’u cadarnhau o’r coronafeirws, mae’r feirws wedi bod yn bresennol mewn gwastraff dynol.


Cafodd y feirws mewn dŵr gwastraff ei fonitro hefyd i fesur llwyddiant y cyfnod clo cyntaf a rhennir data hefyd â system Profi Olrhain Diogelu Cymru iddynt gael gwybod ble mae’r achosion diweddaraf.


Nid oes tystiolaeth yn ôl y WHO bod systemau carthffosiaeth yn lledaenu’r coronafeirws.


Neilltuodd Llywodraeth Cymru bron £500,000 i gonsortiwm o dan arweiniad Prifysgol Bangor, gyda Phrifysgol Caerdydd, Iechyd Cyhoeddus Cymru a Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water.


Dywedodd y Gweinidog Iechyd a Gwasanaethau Cymdeithasol, Vaughan Gething:



> I rwystro’r coronafeirws rhag lledaenu, roedd angen ffordd arnom i fesur ei bresenoldeb yn ein cymunedau ac i fonitro unrhyw newidiadau. Diolch i’r rhaglen beilot hon, rydym wedi gallu datblygu system annibynnol sy’n gallu rhoi rhybudd cynnar i ni a syniad i ni o faint o bobl yn ein cymunedau sydd wedi’u heintio. Mae’r prosiect hwn eisoes yn ategu ein rhaglenni iechyd cyhoeddus ehangach, gan gynnwys ein rhaglen Profi Olrhain Diogelu lwyddiannus.
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> Mae’r rhaglen eisoes yn cael ei gweld fel cyfle arall i gryfhau’r partneriaethau sydd gennym yma yng Nghymru rhwng ein gwyddorau amgylcheddol, systemau monitro clefydau a genomeg pathogenau.


Dywedodd yr athro Gwyddorau Pridd a’r Amgylchedd ym Mhrifysgol Bangor, Davey Jones:



> Rydym wedi bod yn monitro feirysau fel y Norofeirws a Hepatitis mewn carthffosiaeth ddynol ers degawd, fel rhan o raglen i fesur lefelau’r feirysau hyn yn y gymuned.  Ychwanegon ni’r COVID\-19 at y rhestr fonitro ym mis Mawrth eleni.
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> Gwelsom fod lefelau’r feirws mewn dŵr gwastraff yn ffordd effeithiol iawn o ddangos llwyddiant y cyfnod clo yn ystod ton gyntaf y COVID\-19 ac o ddangos ymddangosiad yr ail don.  Rydyn ni’n ei ddefnyddio nawr i dracio a rheoli achosion COVID\-19 ac yn gweithio ar dreialon newydd i fapio’r feirws ar y lefel leol a rhanbarthol.


Dywedodd yr Athro yn is\-adran Organeddau a’r Amgylchedd ym Mhrifysgol Caerdydd, Andrew Weightman:



> Trwy fonitro signal feirws y SARS\-CoV\-2 mewn dŵr gwastraff i fapio presenoldeb y COVID\-19 ledled Cymru, rydym yn profi’r manteision mawr sy’n dod o fonitro dŵr gwastraff i iechyd cyhoeddus ein gwlad.
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> Mae’r cyllid a gawsom gan Lywodraeth Cymru ar gyfer y prosiect wedi sicrhau’r adnoddau inni allu datblygu’r seilwaith a’r cysylltiadau ymchwil roedd eu hangen i feithrin consortiwm deinamig sy’n cynnwys Prifysgolion Caerdydd a Bangor, Iechyd Cyhoeddus Cymru a Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water.  Trwyddo, rydym yn cynhyrchu, dadansoddi ac yn cyfathrebu data i’n helpu i dracio’r feirws dros yr argyfwng presennol.
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> Mae’r prosiect yn ein helpu i ddeall mwy am y pandemig ac i hysbysu pobl eraill: ymchwilwyr, staff gofal iechyd, y llywodraeth a llunwyr polisi, a’r cyhoedd.


Yn ogystal â monitro’r coronafeirws, bydd y systemau’n dangos a oes mathau eraill o feirysau anadlol, norofeirysau a hepatitis yn bresennol, a bydd hynny’n help i gadw golwg ar iechyd y bobl.


Mae Prifysgol Abertawe wedi dechrau ar ail brosiect dŵr gwastraff, i ddatblygu dyfais samplu a chofnodi integredig i ragweld achosion o heintiadau Covid\-19, hynny hefyd gydag arian gan Lywodraeth Cymru.







Translation:


 
The programme, launched in June, is now monitoring 20 sites across Wales and covers 80% of the Welsh population.


Researchers from Welsh universities were the first to start the national surveillance of COVID\-19 in major urban centres in the UK, and the technology to do this was first developed in Wales also.


They have been measuring the presence of the SARS\-CoV\-2 virus in waste water as the presence of this in human waste is common in almost all confirmed coronavirus cases.


The amount of virus in wastewater has already been used to monitor the success of the first lockdown period and the data is shared with the Welsh Test Trace Protect system to inform where new outbreaks may be.  

There is no evidence however that coronavirus is spread via sewage systems, says the World Health Organisation.


The Welsh Government awarded almost £500,000 of funding to a consortium led by Bangor University, working with Cardiff University, Public Health Wales and Dwr Cymru Welsh Water.


The Minister for Health and Social Services, Vaughan Gething, said:



> To halt the spread of the coronavirus we needed a way to measure it within our communities and monitor any changes. This pilot programme has allowed us to develop an independent system capable of providing an early warning notification and to provide signals on the levels of coronavirus infections in our communities. This project is already complementing our wider public health programmes, including our successful Test Trace Protect programme.
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> This programme has already proved to be yet another opportunity to strengthen the existing partnerships we have in Wales in our environmental sciences, disease surveillance and pathogen genomics.


Professor of Soil and Environmental Science at Bangor University, Davey Jones, said:



> We have been monitoring viruses like Norovirus and Hepatitis in human sewage for the last decade, as part of a programme to evaluate levels of these viruses in the community. We added COVID\-19 to the surveillance list in March this year.
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> We showed that viral levels in wastewater mapped really well onto the success of lockdown measures in the first COVID\-19 wave and to the emergence of the second wave. We are now using it to track the emergence and control of COVID\-19 cases and working on new pilots to map the virus at both the local and the regional scale.


Professor at Cardiff University’s Organisms and Environment Division, Andrew Weightman, said:



> By monitoring the SARS\-CoV\-2 virus signal in wastewater to map the occurrence of COVID\-19 across Wales, we are demonstrating the substantial benefits of wastewater surveillance for public health in our nation.
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> The Welsh Government funding for this project has provided us with the resources rapidly to build the research infrastructure and linkages for a dynamic consortium involving Cardiff and Bangor Universities, Public Health Wales and Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water. This is allowing us to generate, analyse and communicate data that will be used to help track the spread of the virus during the present COVID\-19 emergency.
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> The project is helping us to understand more about the pandemic, and inform others: researchers, healthcare professionals, government and policy makers, and the public.


In addition to monitoring for coronavirus, the systems established will also be able to determine whether other types of respiratory viruses, noroviruses and hepatitis, which will help with public health surveillance.  

A second waste water project is underway at Swansea University, who are developing a fully integrated sampling and reporting device to predict the outbreak of Covid\-19 infections, funded by the Welsh Government.