Translate the text from Welsh to English.



 
Rhoddwyd dewis i ysgolion a lleoliadau addysg eraill yng Nghymru ddechrau addysgu eu cwricwlwm newydd i ddysgwyr Blwyddyn 7 o fis Medi ymlaen. Er mwyn gwneud iawn am yr amharu a fu oherwydd y coronafeirws, rhoddwyd dewis amgen hefyd i ysgolion ddechrau addysgu Blwyddyn 7 a Blwyddyn 8 ar yr un pryd, o fis Medi 2023\.


Mae rhestr lawn o’r ysgolion uwchradd a’r lleoliadau a fydd yn dechrau addysgu’r cwricwlwm newydd y mis Medi hwn wedi ei chyhoeddi mewn is\-ddeddfwriaeth a wnaed o dan Ddeddf Cwricwlwm ac Asesu (Cymru) 2021\. Bydd pob ysgol gynradd ac oddeutu 500 o leoliadau gofal plant yn dechrau defnyddio’r cwricwlwm newydd o fis Medi ymlaen hefyd.


Chwe ffaith am y Cwricwlwm newydd i Gymru:


### **1\. Mae llawer o ysgolion eisoes wedi dechrau gweithio’n wahanol**


Mewn nifer o ysgolion, mae’r newid eisoes ar droed. Yn 2017, dechreuodd ysgolion, athrawon ac arbenigwyr eraill weithio gyda’i gilydd i greu’r Cwricwlwm newydd i Gymru. Achosodd y pandemig newidiadau cyflym mewn llawer o ysgolion. Roedd modd iddynt ganolbwyntio ar les a chynnydd dysgwyr ac mae athrawon wedi eu rhyddhau oddi wrth lwyth gwaith dianghenraid.


### **2\. Mae’r cwricwlwm wedi ei gynllunio o amgylch pedwar diben i ddysgwyr**


Bydd y Pedwar Diben yn dod yn derm cyfarwydd i rieni, gofalwyr a phlant. Am y tro cyntaf, rydym wedi diffinio yn y gyfraith beth ddylai diben addysg yng Nghymru fod.


Nod cwricwlwm ysgol yw cefnogi ei dysgwyr i ddod yn:


* ddysgwyr uchelgeisiol, galluog sy'n barod i ddysgu gydol eu bywydau
* cyfranwyr mentrus, creadigol sy’n barod i chwarae rhan lawn mewn bywyd a gwaith
* dinasyddion egwyddorol, gwybodus yng Nghymru a’r byd
* unigolion iach, hyderus sy'n barod i fyw bywyd cyflawn fel aelodau gwerthfawr o gymdeithas.


### **3\. Bydd mwy o hyblygrwydd gan athrawon**


Bydd fframwaith cenedlaethol i sicrhau cysondeb a chraidd dysgu, ond bydd athrawon ac addysgwyr eraill yn cael eu grymuso i ddefnyddio eu sgiliau a’u dealltwriaeth broffesiynol i benderfynu beth i’w addysgu a sut i wneud hynny er mwyn cael y gorau gan eu dysgwyr.


### **4\. Bydd pynciau cyfarwydd yn parhau i gael eu haddysgu, ond yn cael eu cyflawni fel rhan o feysydd ehangach o ddysgu**


Mae chwe Maes Dysgu a Phrofiad yn y Cwricwlwm i Gymru:


* Celfyddydau Mynegiannol
* Iechyd a Lles
* Dyniaethau
* Ieithoedd, Llythrennedd a Chyfathrebu
* Mathemateg a Rhifedd
* Gwyddoniaeth a Thechnoleg.


Bydd pynciau penodol yn dal i gael eu haddysgu, ond gall ysgolion benderfynu archwilio’r cysylltiadau rhyngddynt, er mwyn i ddysgwyr ddeall y cyd\-gysylltedd ac ehangder eu dysgu. Gellir dysgu pwnc fel newid hinsawdd drwy ddaearyddiaeth, hanes, gwyddoniaeth a’r effaith ar gymdeithas.


### **5\. Bydd dysgu hanes pobl Ddu, Asiaidd ac ethnig leiafrifol yn cael ei gynnwys yn y cwricwlwm newydd**


Bydd dysgu am hanes Cymru ac am hanes ac amrywiaeth cymunedau, yn enwedig hanesion pobl Ddu, Asiaidd ac ethnig leiafrifol, yn rhannau gorfodol o’r cwricwlwm newydd.


Mae pob un o chwe Maes Dysgu a Phrofiad y cwricwlwm yn cynnwys ‘Datganiadau o’r Hyn sy’n Bwysig’, a ddisgrifir fel y ‘syniadau mawr’ a’r egwyddorion allweddol ym mhob Maes. Mae’r datganiadau’n cynnwys disgwyliad y gall dysgwyr “ddatblygu dealltwriaeth o natur gymhleth, luosog ac amrywiol cymdeithasau, o’r gorffennol a’r presennol. Mae'r straeon hyn yn amrywiol, yn rhychwantu gwahanol gymunedau ac, yn arbennig, straeon pobl dduon, Asiaidd ac ethnig lleiafrifol.”


Mae’r Athro Charlotte Williams OBE wedi bod yn arwain ar waith i wella addysgu am gymunedau pobl Ddu, Asiaidd ac ethnig leiafrifol, gan gynnwys datblygu deunyddiau addysgu a hyfforddi newydd i athrawon ac athrawon dan hyfforddiant, i gyd\-fynd â’r cwricwlwm newydd.


### **6\. Bydd Addysg Cydberthynas a Rhywioldeb yn orfodol ym mhob ysgol o fis Medi 2022, yn ogystal â Chrefydd, Gwerthoedd a Moeseg**


Bydd pob plentyn yn cael Addysg Cydberthynas a Rhywioldeb fydd yn briodol yn ddatblygiadol o dan y cwricwlwm newydd. Bydd hyn yn cynnwys dysgu am gydberthnasau iach, cadw’n ddiogel gan gynnwys ar\-lein, a bod yn hyderus i sôn wrth oedolion cyfrifol am unrhyw broblemau.


Mae grwpiau ffydd a grwpiau eraill sydd yn cynrychioli buddiannau plant, fel yr NSPCC a Chomisiynydd Plant Cymru, wedi cynorthwyo gweithwyr proffesiynol ym maes addysg i ddatblygu’r cod Addysg Cydberthynas a Rhywioldeb. 







Translation:


 
Schools and other education settings in Wales were given the option to begin teaching their new curriculum to Year 7 learners from September. To account for the disruption caused by Coronavirus, schools were also given the alternative option to begin to teach Years 7 and 8 at the same time, from September 2023\.


The full list of secondary schools and settings which will begin teaching from this September has been published in subordinate legislation made under the Curriculum and Assessment (Wales) Act 2021\. All primary schools and around 500 childcare settings will be using the new curriculum from September also.


Here are six things you may not know about how things are changing:


### **1\. Many schools have already started working differently**


In many schools, change has already begun. In 2017, schools, teachers and other experts started working together to create the new Curriculum for Wales. The pandemic also speeded up changes in a lot of schools. They have been able to focus on the well\-being and progress of learners and teachers have been freed from their non\-essential workload.


### **2\. The curriculum has been designed around four purposes for learners**


The Four Purposes will become a familiar term to parents, carers and children. For the first time we’ve defined in law what the purpose of education in Wales should be. The aim of a school’s curriculum is to support its learners to become:


* ambitious, capable learners, ready to learn throughout their lives
* enterprising, creative contributors, ready to play a full part in life and work
* ethical, informed citizens of Wales and the world
* healthy, confident individuals, ready to lead fulfilling lives as valued members of society.


### **3\. Teachers will have more flexibility**


There will be a national framework to ensure there is consistency and core learning, but teachers and other educators will be empowered to use their professional skills and understanding to decide what and how they teach to get the best out of their learners.


### **4\. Familiar subjects will still be taught, but delivered as part of wider areas of learning**


The Curriculum for Wales has six Areas of Learning and Experience:


* Expressive Arts
* Health and Well\-being
* Humanities
* Languages, Literacy and Communication
* Mathematics and Numeracy
* Science and Technology.


Specific subjects will still be taught, but schools can decide to explore the links between them, so learners better understand the interconnectivity and breadth of their learning. A topic like climate change can be taught through geography, history, science and the impact on society.


### **5\. Learning of black, Asian and minority ethnic histories will be included in new curriculum**


Learning about Welsh history and the history and diversity of communities, in particular the stories of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic people, will be mandatory parts of the new curriculum.


Each of the curriculum’s six Areas of Learning and Experience include mandatory ‘Statements of What Matters’, described as the ‘big ideas’ and key principles in each Area. The Statements include an expectation that learners “can develop an understanding of the complex, pluralistic and diverse nature of societies, past and present. These stories are diverse, spanning different communities, as well as in particular the stories of black, Asian and minority ethnic people.”


Professor Charlotte Williams OBE has been supporting work to improve teaching on black, Asian and minority ethnic communities, including developing new teaching materials and training for teachers and trainee teachers, to complement the new curriculum.


### **6\. Relationships and Sexuality Education will be mandatory, as will Religion, Values and Ethics in all schools from September 2022**


All children will have access to developmentally\-appropriate Relationship and Sexuality Education (RSE) in the new curriculum. This will include learning about healthy relationships, keeping safe, including online, and being confident to raise issues with responsible adults.


Faith groups and others representing children’s interests, such as the NSPCC and the Children’s Commissioner for Wales, have helped teaching professionals to develop the RSE code.