Translate the text from Welsh to English.



 
Ar ddechrau’r flwyddyn newydd hon, roeddwn eisiau rhoi’r wybodaeth ddiweddaraf i Aelodau am ein cynnydd tuag at ddileu twbercwlosis (TB) yng Nghymru, yn unol â gweledigaeth Sefydliad Iechyd y Byd (WHO) i sicrhau bod rhanbarth Ewrop yn rhydd rhag baich TB erbyn 2030: Tuberculosis action plan for the WHO European Region 2023–2030\. Information sheet\\.


Ar hyn o bryd, Cymru sydd â’r gyfradd gydradd isaf o TB yn y Deyrnas Unedig (2\.8 o achosion am bob 100,000 o’r boblogaeth\[1]) ac mae’r cyfraddau cyffredinol wedi bod yn lleihau ers 2009\.  


Er y duedd ar i lawr, rydym yn dal i weld rhai marwolaethau cysylltiedig â TB bob blwyddyn yng Nghymru, ac mae’r prif ffigurau yn celu rhai o’r risgiau cynyddol o ran atal a rheoli TB.


Mae oddeutu hanner yr achosion o TB yng Nghymru yn y blynyddoedd diwethaf wedi effeithio ar bobl a aned yn y DU, ac mae hyn yn creu heriau cwbl wahanol o ran canfod a rheoli achosion. Mae’r achosion yn gyffredinol yn gynyddol heriol a chymhleth, ac mae bygythiad parhaus o achosion ag ymwrthedd i’r prif gyffuriau ac ymwrthedd estynedig i gyffuriau.


Mae TB yn glefyd a all fod yn angheuol, sy’n arwain at ganlyniadau iechyd a chymdeithasol sylweddol ar gyfer y rheini sydd wedi’u heffeithio. Mae’n cyfrannu at anghydraddoldebau iechyd mewn poblogaethau sydd eisoes yn ddifreintiedig, ac mae pob achos heintus yn cynrychioli risg o drosglwyddiad i gysylltiadau ac i gymunedau.


Gellir gwella’r rhan fwyaf o achosion o TB, ond gall cefnogi un achos cymhleth drwy driniaeth arwain at oblygiadau sylweddol o ran adnoddau ar gyfer y GIG a’r gwasanaethau cyhoeddus ehangach. Yn ogystal, mae tystiolaeth gryf yn bodoli sy’n dangos y gall methiant i atal achosion, rhoi diagnosis a thriniaeth ddigonol, arwain at ddatblygu ymwrthedd i gyffuriau, trosglwyddo’r clefyd i eraill, a brigiadau o achosion.


Gall hyd yn oed un achos o TB arwain at glystyrau a brigiadau o achosion sy’n fawr ac anodd eu rheoli. Yn 2018, cafwyd tri brigiad o achosion TB yng Nghymru a oedd yn gofyn am sgrinio nifer fawr o gysylltiadau. Cafodd y brigiadau o achosion effaith ddifrifol ar yr unigolion dan sylw ac ar adnoddau’r GIG.


Cynhaliwyd ymarfer sgrinio cymunedol torfol o fwy na 1,500 o bobl yn 2019 o ganlyniad i frigiad parhaus o achosion gyda chyfanswm cronnol o fwy na 30 o achosion o TB ers 2010\. Mae’r brigiad hirdymor hwn o achosion wedi peri pryder enfawr i’r cyhoedd, ac mae gweithgareddau cysylltiedig â sgrinio yn parhau hyd heddiw. Yn 2020, cynhaliwyd ail ymarfer sgrinio torfol a oedd yn cynnwys mwy na 1,000 o staff a charcharorion yn dilyn achos o TB a oedd yn gysylltiedig â charchar. 


Mae cyfraddau TB yng Nghymru wedi lleihau ers 2009 ac mae’r diolch am hynny i raddau helaeth i weithwyr proffesiynol sy’n gweithio i atal TB, rhoi diagnosis ohono, ei drin a’i reoli. O ystyried yr heriau, mae angen inni sicrhau ffocws o’r newydd i ddileu TB yng Nghymru. Rwyf felly wedi cytuno y bydd nifer o gamau yn cael eu cymryd:


* Byddwn yn sefydlu Grŵp Goruchwylio Dileu TB pwrpasol i fonitro a chymell cynnydd ar draws Cymru. Bydd y Grŵp yn adrodd i’r Prif Swyddog Meddygol o dan drefniadau llywodraethu’r Grŵp Cynghori ar Ddiogelu Iechyd.
* Bydd Iechyd Cyhoeddus Cymru yn ailsefydlu’r Grŵp TB Cymru Gyfan, nad oedd yn weithredol yn ystod y pandemig. Bydd ei gylch gwaith yn cynnwys ystyried ac adolygu tystiolaeth gan gynnwys yr hyn a ddysgwyd o frigiadau o achosion, cynghori ar faterion fel blaenoriaethu gwasanaethau a gofynion sgrinio ar gyfer unigolion sy’n cyrraedd Cymru a datblygu canllawiau i gefnogi gweithwyr proffesiynol.
* Tasg gyntaf y Grŵp TB Cymru Gyfan fydd adolygu’r Strategaeth Twbercwlosis a’r Fanyleb Gwasanaeth ar gyfer Cymru er mwyn cynnwys y gwersi gwerthfawr a ddysgwyd o’r pandemig Covid\-19 a’r rhaglenni a sefydlwyd i groesawu’r rheini sy’n ceisio lloches yng Nghymru.
* Bydd y Grŵp TB Cymru Gyfan yn argymell y Strategaeth Twbercwlosis ddiweddaraf a’r Fanyleb Gwasanaeth ar gyfer Cymru i’r Grŵp Goruchwylio Dileu TB i’w hadolygu a’u cefnogi fel y trywydd ar gyfer gwaith yng Nghymru.
* Bydd y Grŵp TB Cymru Gyfan yn datblygu Cynllun Gweithredu TB Cenedlaethol i’w gytuno gan y Grŵp Goruchwylio Dileu TB. Bydd hwn yn cael ei adolygu’n rheolaidd i sicrhau bod y camau a gytunwyd yn cael eu gweithredu.


Byddaf yn rhoi’r wybodaeth ddiweddaraf i’r Aelodau am ein hymdrechion i atal a rheoli TB, a’n hymrwymiad i ddileu TB fel bygythiad i iechyd y cyhoedd yn y pen draw. 


\[1] Reports of cases of TB to UK enhanced tuberculosis surveillance systems, 2000 to 2021 \- GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)







Translation:


 
As we begin the new year, I wanted to provide an update to Members on our progress towards eliminating tuberculosis (TB) in Wales, in line with the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) vision to have the European Region free of the TB burden by 2030: Tuberculosis action plan for the WHO European Region 2023–2030\. Information sheet\\.


Wales currently has the joint lowest TB rates in the UK (2\.8 cases per 100,000 population\[1]) and overall rates have been declining since 2009\.


Despite this downward trend, we continue to see some TB\-associated deaths every year in Wales and the headline figures hide some increasing risks in TB prevention and control.


Around half of all cases of TB in Wales in recent years have been in people born in the UK, which creates a different set of challenges for detection and control. Cases are generally increasingly challenging and complex, and there is the continued threat of sporadic multi\-drug resistant and extensively drug resistant cases.


TB is a potentially fatal disease with major health and social consequences for those affected. It contributes to increasing health inequalities in already deprived populations, and each infectious case represents a transmission risk to their contacts and communities.


Although most TB cases are curable, successfully supporting a single complex


case through treatment can have major resource implications for the NHS and wider public services. Furthermore, strong evidence exists to demonstrate that failure to prevent, diagnose and adequately treat cases can lead to the development of drug resistance, onward transmission of infection and TB outbreaks.


Even a single case of TB can lead to large and difficult\-to\-manage clusters and outbreaks. In 2018, there were three outbreaks of TB in Wales, all requiring screening of extensive numbers of contacts. The outbreaks had a serious impact on both the affected individuals and NHS resources.


Mass community screening of more than 1,500 people took place in 2019 due to a continuing outbreak with a cumulative total of more than 30 TB cases since 2010\.  This long\-running outbreak has caused significant public concern, and activities associated with screening continue to this day. In 2020, a second mass screening exercise involving more than 1,000 staff and prisoners was undertaken following a TB incident associated with a prison. 


That rates of TB in Wales have declined since 2009 is largely a tribute to the professionals involved in TB prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control. Given the challenges, we need to ensure there is renewed focus to eliminate TB in Wales.  I have therefore agreed a number of actions will be taken forward:


* We will establish a bespoke TB Elimination Oversight Group to monitor and drive forward progress across Wales. It will report to the Chief Medical Officer under the Health Protection Advisory Group governance arrangements.
* Public Health Wales will re\-establish the All\-Wales TB Group, which was stood down during the pandemic. Its remit will include consideration and review of evidence including learning from outbreaks, advising on issues such as prioritisation of services and screening requirements for entrants into Wales and the development of guidance to support professionals.
* The first task of the All\-Wales TB Group will be to review the Tuberculosis Strategy and Service Specification for Wales to incorporate the valuable lessons learned from both the Covid\-19 pandemic and the programmes established to welcome those seeking refuge in Wales.
* The All\-Wales TB Group will recommend the updated Tuberculosis Strategy and Service Specification for Wales to the TB Elimination Oversight Group for review and endorsement as a direction of travel in Wales.
* The All\-Wales TB Group will develop a National TB Action Plan for agreement by the TB Elimination Oversight Group. This will be regularly reviewed to ensure the agreed actions are implemented.


I will keep Members informed of our efforts to prevent and control TB and our commitment to ultimately eliminate TB as a public health threat. 


\[1] Reports of cases of TB to UK enhanced tuberculosis surveillance systems, 2000 to 2021 \- GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)