AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Mortality in Correctional Institutions: State Prisons, 2001-2019

Mortality in Correctional Institutions (MCI) (formerly, the Deaths in Custody Reporting Program (DCRP)), is an annual data collection conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). The MCI collection began in 2000 under the Death in Custody Reporting Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-297). It is the
only national statistical collection that obtains detailed information
about deaths in adult correctional facilities. MCI collects data on
persons dying in state prisons, local jails and in the process of
arrest. Each collection is a separate subcollection, but each is under the
umbrella of the MCI collection. This deals with the prison subcollection,
which has a prison death file.
The prison portion of Mortality in Correctional Institutions began in 2001
after the passage of the Deaths in Custody Reporting Act of 2000 in October
of 2000. The prison component of MCI collects data on inmate deaths
occurring in the 50 state departments of corrections while inmates are in
the physical custody of prison officials.
Monitoring of Federal Criminal Convictions and Sentences: Appeals Data, 2018

This collection contains appellate information from the 12
circuit courts of appeals of the United States. From the Clerk of the
Court of each court of appeals, the United States Sentencing
Commission compiled the final opinions and orders, both published and
unpublished, in all criminal appeals for the time period surveyed. The
Commission also collected habeas corpus decisions even though they are
technically civil matters, because such cases often involve sentencing
issues. Both the "case" and the "defendant" are used in this
collection as units of analysis. Each case comprises individual
records representing all codefendants participating in a consolidated
appeal. Each defendant's record comprises the sentencing-related
issues corresponding to that particular defendant.
Monitoring of Federal Criminal Convictions and Sentences: Appeals Data, 2017

This collection contains appellate information from the 12
circuit courts of appeals of the United States. From the Clerk of the
Court of each court of appeals, the United States Sentencing
Commission compiled the final opinions and orders, both published and
unpublished, in all criminal appeals for the time period surveyed. The
Commission also collected habeas corpus decisions even though they are
technically civil matters, because such cases often involve sentencing
issues. Both the "case" and the "defendant" are used in this
collection as units of analysis. Each case comprises individual
records representing all codefendants participating in a consolidated
appeal. Each defendant's record comprises the sentencing-related
issues corresponding to that particular defendant.
Organizations Convicted in Federal Criminal Courts, 2019

These data, collected to assist in the development of sentencing guidelines, describe offense and sentencing characteristics for organizations sentenced in federal district courts in 2019. The United States Sentencing Commission's primary function is to inform federal courts of sentencing policies and practices that include guidelines prescribing the appropriate form and severity of punishment for offenders convicted of federal crimes. Court-related variables include primary offense type, pecuniary offense loss and gain, dates of disposition and sentencing, method of determination of guilt, number of counts pled and charged, and dates and types of sentencing and restitution. Defendant organization variables include ownership structure, number of owners and employees, highest level of corporate knowledge of the criminal offense, highest level of corporate indictment and conviction for participation in the criminal offense, annual revenue, equity and financial status, whether it was a criminal organization, duration of criminal activity, and risk to national security. Organizational defendants data, 2019, covers fiscal year October 1, 2018, through September 30, 2019.
Annual Survey of Jails in Indian Country, 2018

The purpose of the Survey of Jails in Indian Country is an enumeration of all known adult and juvenile facilities -- jails, confinement facilities, detention centers, and other correctional facilities operated by tribal authorities or the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), U.S. Department of the Interior. For the purpose of this collection, Indian country includes reservations, pueblos, rancherias, and other Native American and Alaska Native communities throughout the United States. The survey collects data on the number of adults and juveniles held on the last weekday in June 2018, type of offense, average daily population in June, most crowded day in June, admissions and releases in June, number of inmate deaths and suicide attempts from July 1, 2017 through June 30, 2018, rated capacity on June 30, and jail staffing on June 30, 2018.
Annual Survey of Jails in Indian Country, 2017

The purpose of the Survey of Jails in Indian Country is an enumeration of all known adult and juvenile facilities -- jails, confinement facilities,
detention centers, and other correctional facilities operated by tribal authorities or the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), U.S. Department of
the Interior. For the purpose of this collection, Indian country includes reservations, pueblos, rancherias, and other Native American and
Alaska Native communities throughout the United States. The survey collects data on the number of adults and juveniles held on the last
weekday in June 2017, type of offense, average daily population in June, most crowded day in June, admissions and releases in June,
number of inmate deaths and suicide attempts, rated capacity, and jail staffing.
Organizations Convicted in Federal Criminal Courts, 2018

These data, collected to assist in the development of sentencing guidelines, describe offense and sentencing characteristics for organizations sentenced in federal district courts in 2018. The United States Sentencing Commission's primary function is to inform federal courts of sentencing policies and practices that include guidelines prescribing the appropriate form and severity of punishment for offenders convicted of federal crimes. Court-related variables include primary offense type, pecuniary offense loss and gain, dates of disposition and sentencing, method of determination of guilt, number of counts pled and charged, and dates and types of sentencing and restitution. Defendant organization variables include ownership structure, number of owners and employees, highest level of corporate knowledge of the criminal offense, highest level of corporate indictment and conviction for participation in the criminal offense, annual revenue, equity and financial status, whether it was a criminal organization, duration of criminal activity, and risk to national security. Organizational defendants data, 2018, covers fiscal year October 1, 2017, through September 30, 2018.
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2019

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2019 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2019. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,617 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2019 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Organizations Convicted in Federal Criminal Courts, 2017

These data, collected to assist in the development of sentencing guidelines, describe offense and sentencing characteristics for organizations sentenced in federal district courts in 2017. The United States Sentencing Commission's primary function is to inform federal courts of sentencing policies and practices that include guidelines prescribing the appropriate form and severity of punishment for offenders convicted of federal crimes. Court-related variables include primary offense type, pecuniary offense loss and gain, dates of disposition and sentencing, method of determination of guilt, number of counts pled and charged, and dates and types of sentencing and restitution. Defendant organization variables include ownership structure, number of owners and employees, highest level of corporate knowledge of the criminal offense, highest level of corporate indictment and conviction for participation in the criminal offense, annual revenue, equity and financial status, whether it was a criminal organization, duration of criminal activity, and risk to national security. Organizational defendants data, 2017, covers fiscal year October 1, 2016, through September 30, 2017.
Monitoring of Federal Criminal Sentences, [United States], 2018-2019

This collection contains information on federal criminal cases sentenced under the Sentencing Guidelines and Policy Statements of the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984. The data files include all cases received by the United States Sentencing Commission that had sentencing dates between October 1, 2018, and September 30, 2019, and were assessed as constitutional. Constitutionality compares each case's sentencing date, circuit, district, and judge to provide uniformity in reporting the cases. In 1999, the United States Sentencing Commission added more variables from its databases to this collection, so the data are now provided in two files. Several variables iterate to include multiple occurrences of the same event. Part 1, Main Data, includes all noniterating variables plus the highest occurrences of each iterating variable. Part 2, Supplementary Data, includes the remaining iterations.
Monitoring of Federal Criminal Sentences, [United States], 2017-2018

This collection contains information on federal criminal cases sentenced under the Sentencing Guidelines and Policy Statements of the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984. The data files include all cases received by the United States Sentencing Commission that had sentencing dates between October 1, 2017, and September 30, 2018, and were assessed as constitutional. Constitutionality compares each case's sentencing date, circuit, district, and judge to provide uniformity in reporting the cases. In 1999, the United States Sentencing Commission added more variables from its databases to this collection, so the data are now provided in two files. Several variables iterate to include multiple occurrences of the same event. Part 1, Main Data, includes all noniterating variables plus the highest occurrences of each iterating variable. Part 2, Supplementary Data, includes the remaining iterations.
National Prisoner Statistics, [United States], 1978-2019

The National Prisoner Statistics (NPS) data collection began in 1926 in response to a congressional mandate to gather information on persons incarcerated in state and federal prisons. Originally under the auspices of the U.S. Census Bureau, the collection moved to the Bureau of Prisons in 1950, and then in 1971 to the National Criminal Justice Information and Statistics Service, the precursor to the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) which was established in 1979. From 1979 to 2013, the Census Bureau was the NPS data collection agent. In 2014, the collection was competitively bid in conjunction with the National Corrections Reporting Program (NCRP), since many of the respondents for NPS and NCRP are the same. The contract was awarded to Abt Associates, Inc.
The NPS is administered to 51 respondents. Before 2001, the District of Columbia was also a respondent, but responsibility for housing the District of Columbia's sentenced prisoners was transferred to the Federal Bureau of Prisons, and by yearend 2001 the District of Columbia no longer operated a prison system.
The NPS provides an enumeration of persons in state and federal prisons and collects data on key characteristics of the nation's prison population. NPS has been adapted over time to keep pace with the changing information needs of the public, researchers, and federal, state, and local governments.
Monitoring of Federal Criminal Sentences, [United States], 2016-2017

This collection contains information on federal criminal cases sentenced under the Sentencing Guidelines and Policy Statements of the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984. The data files include all cases received by the United States Sentencing Commission that had sentencing dates between October 1, 2016, and September 30, 2017, and were assessed as constitutional. Constitutionality compares each case's sentencing date, circuit, district, and judge to provide uniformity in reporting the cases. In 1999, the United States Sentencing Commission added more variables from its databases to this collection, so the data are now provided in two files. Several variables iterate to include multiple occurrences of the same event. Part 1, Main Data, includes all noniterating variables plus the highest occurrences of each iterating variable. Part 2, Supplementary Data, includes the remaining iterations.
National Corrections Reporting Program, 1991-2018: Selected Variables

The National Corrections Reporting Program (NCRP) compiles offender-level data on admissions and releases from state prison, post-confinement community supervision and year-end prison custody records. The data are used to monitor the nation's correctional population and address specific policy questions related to recidivism, prisoner reentry, and trends in demographic characteristics of the incarcerated and community supervision populations. The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) has administered the NCRP since 1983. Abt Associates has served as the NCRP data collection agent since October 2010. As with all other BJS data collections, participation is voluntary, and not all states submit NCRP data each year.
This version of the NCRP data contains data for term records, prison admissions, prison releases, and year-end prison population counts. The data files have selected variables making the data suitable for public release. The complete version of NCRP data is classified as restricted access. Please search for ICPSR No. 37971 to find the analogous complete version of this file.
National Survey of Tribal Court Systems, 2014

The National Survey of Tribal Court Systems (NSTCS) is the first complete enumeration of tribal court systems operating in the United States and gathers administrative and operational information from tribal court systems, prosecutors' offices, and indigent defense providers operating in the United States. The NSTCS helps fulfill BJS's legislative mandate under the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010 (TLOA; P.L. 111-211, 124 Stat. 2258 § 251(b)) to establish and implement a tribal crime data collection system. Data for the NSTCS were collected by Kauffman & Associates, Inc., an American Indian- and woman-owned management consulting firm, in collaboration with the Tribal Law and Policy Institute.
The National Survey of Tribal Court Systems (NSTCS) consists of three surveys specific to tribal court systems in the lower 48 states, Alaska Native villages, and the Code of Federal Regulations Courts (CFR Courts) operated by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Due to data collection challenges and the limited number of Alaska Native villages and CFR Courts that participated in this collection, the Tribal Courts in United States, 2014, report, data file and documentation include information only on tribal court systems in the lower 48 states.
Data for the 2014 NSTCS were collected through mail, email, and telephone nonresponse follow-up. Data on the number and type of tribal court systems were obtained from all eligible federally recognized tribes. The final universe of eligible respondents in the lower 48 states included 234 tribal court systems, of which 196 (83.8%) participated in the survey.
Annual Survey of Jails, 2020

The Annual Survey of Jails (ASJ) is the only data collection effort that provides an annual source of data on local jails and jail inmates. Data on the size of the jail population and selected inmate characteristics are obtained every five to six years from the Census of Jails. In each of the years between the complete censuses, a sample survey of jails is conducted to estimate
baseline characteristics of the nation's jails and inmates housed in these jails. The 2020 Annual Survey of Jails is the 32nd such survey in a series begun in 1982. The ASJ supplies data on characteristics of jails such as admissions and releases, growth in the number of jail facilities, changes in their rated capacities and level of occupancy, growth in the population supervised in the community, changes in methods of community supervision, and crowding issues. The ASJ also provides information on changes in the demographics of the jail population, supervision status of persons held, and a count of non-U.S. citizens in custody. The data presented in this study were collected in the Annual Survey of Jails, 2020. These data are used to track growth in the number of jails and the capacities nationally, changes in the demographics of the jail population and supervision status of persons held, the prevalence of crowding issues, and a count of non-U.S. citizens within the jail population. The data are intended for a variety of users, including Federal and State agencies, local officials in conjunction with jail administrators, researchers, planners, and the public. The reference date for the survey is June 30, 2020.
The 2020 ASJ included a special module to collect data on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on local jails from March 1, 2020, to June 30, 2020. Items included:

number of jail inmates at the end of each month from January 2020 to May 2020
number of expedited releases from jail due to the pandemic
number of COVID-19 tests conducted on confined inmates
number of positive tests
number of jail staff that tested positive
number of jail inmates and staff that died from COVID-19

The data on COVID-19 tests and deaths are in the restricted-use version of the 2020 ASJ data file only
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data: Police Employee (LEOKA) Data, United States, 2016

The Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data, Police Employee Data, 2016 file contains monthly data on felonious or accidental killings and assaults upon United States law enforcement officers acting in the line of duty. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) assembled the data and processed them from UCR Master Police Employee (LEOKA) data tapes.
Each agency record in the file includes the following summary variables: state code, population group code, geographic division, Metropolitan Statistical Area code, and agency name. These variables afford considerable flexibility in creating subsets or aggregations of the data.
Since 1930, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has compiled the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) to serve as a periodic nationwide assessment of reported crimes not available elsewhere in the criminal justice system. Each year, this information is reported in four types of files: (1) Offenses Known and Clearances by Arrest, (2) Property Stolen and Recovered, (3) Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR), and (4) Police Employee (LEOKA) Data. The Police Employee (LEOKA) Data provide information about law enforcement officers killed or assaulted (hence the acronym, LEOKA) in the line of duty. The variables created from the LEOKA forms provide in-depth information on the circumstances surrounding killings or assaults, including type of call answered, type of weapon used, and type of patrol the officers were on.
Capital Punishment in the United States, 1973-2020

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2020 provides annual data on prisoners under a sentence of death, as well as those who had their sentences commuted or vacated and prisoners who were executed. This study examines basic sociodemographic classifications including age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and state and region of incarceration. Criminal history information includes prior felony convictions and prior convictions for criminal homicide and the legal status at the time of the capital offense. Additional information is provided on those inmates removed from death row by yearend 2020. The dataset consists of one part which contains 9,636 cases. The file provides information on inmates whose death sentences were removed in addition to information on those inmates who were executed. The file also gives information about inmates who received a second death sentence by yearend 2020 as well as inmates who were already on death row.
Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities, 2019

The 2019 Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities (CCF) was the ninth enumeration of state institutions and the sixth enumeration of federal institutions sponsored by the Bureau of Justice Statistics and its predecessors. Earlier censuses were completed in 1979 (ICPSR 7852), 1984 (ICPSR 8444), 1990 (ICPSR 9908), 1995 (ICPSR 6953), 2000 (ICPSR 4021), 2005 (ICPSR 24642), and 2012 (ICPSR 37294). The 2019 CCF consisted of two data collection instruments - one for confinement facilities and one for community-based facilities. For each facility, information was provided on facility operator; sex of prisoners authorized to be housed by facility; facility functions; percentage of prisoners authorized to leave the facility; one-day counts of prisoners by sex, race/ethnicity, special populations, and holding authority; number of walkaways occurring over a one-year period; and educational and other special programs offered to prisoners. Additional information was collected from confinement facilities, including physical security level; housing for special populations; capacity; court orders for specific conditions; one-day count of correctional staff by payroll status and sex; one-day count of security staff by sex and race/ethnicity; assaults and incidents caused by prisoners; number of escapes occurring over a one-year period; and work assignments available to prisoners. Late in the data collection to avoid complete nonresponse from facilities, BJS offered the option of providing critical data elements from the two data collection instruments. These elements included facility operator; sex of prisoners authorized to be housed by facility; facility functions; percentage of prisoners authorized to leave the facility; one-day counts of prisoners by sex, and holding authority. Physical security level was an additional critical data element for confinement facilities.
The census counted prisoners held in the facilities, a custody count. Some prisoners who are held in the custody of one jurisdiction may be under the authority of a different jurisdiction. The custody count is distinct from a count of prisoners under a correctional authority's jurisdiction, which includes all prisoners over whom a correctional authority exercises control, regardless of where the prisoner is housed. A jurisdictional count is more inclusive than a prison custody count and includes state and federal prisoners housed in local jails or other non-correctional facilities.