AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic and Demographic Characteristics of Synthetic Drug Users in San Diego and Washington, DC, 1990  

This data collection offers information on socioeconomic and
 demographic characteristics of synthetic drug users, characteristics of
 synthetic drug use such as frequency and method of intake, and factors
 that prompt drug users to begin to use synthetic drugs or to switch
 from agricultural drugs to synthetic drugs. Synthetic drugs
 investigated in the collection include PCP, ice, ecstasy, and speed,
 while nonsynthetic drugs include alcohol, marijuana, heroin, cocaine,
 and crack. Patterns of use for all of these drugs are explored.
 Questions about specific drugs include whether the respondent had ever
 used the drug, age first used, number of days in the past 30 days the
 drug was used, whether the drug was used more than two times per week,
 method of drug intake, and the drug used most often by the respondent
 and by the respondent's friends. Additional variables include reasons
 for preferring synthetic or nonsynthetic drugs, reasons the respondent
 would discontinue use or switch to another drug, availability and cost
 of certain drugs, and extent of involvement in selling, money handling,
 and protection. Finally, demographic variables such as sex, ethnicity,
 age, highest grade completed, employment activity in the past month,
 geographical location, and subject source (criminal justice system or
 drug treatment center) are included in the file. The unit of analysis
is the individual drug user.
Use and Effectiveness of Fines, Jail, and Probation in Municipal Courts in Los Angeles County, 1981-1984  

The purpose of this data collection was to identify those
 attributes of offenders that are most often associated with receiving
 particular types of financial penalties along with probation, such as
 fines, restitution, and cost of probation. A further purpose was to
 estimate the relative effectiveness of these penalties in preventing
 recidivism. Variables include descriptions of the type of offense and
 penalties received, the location of the court where sentencing took
 place, and information about the individual's race, age, gender, level
 of education, employment, living arrangements, and financial status.
 Prior arrests and convictions are included, as are arrests,
 convictions, and penalties subsequent to the original case under
 study. Also provided are six sets of variables that describe all
 offenders within each conviction category. These six groups provide
 additional information about the offender's background and
 behavior. The conviction categories include assault, burglary, drug
crimes, driving under the influence, theft, and indecent exposure.
State Strategic Planning Under the Drug Control and System Improvement Formula Grant Program in the United States, 1990

This evaluation of the Drug Control and System Improvement 
 Formula Grant Program focuses on the federal-state relationship and on 
 the drug-related, crime-combat strategies that states must develop in 
 order to receive federal aid. The primary goals of the project were to 
 (1) describe state-established strategic planning processes, (2) 
 evaluate the strategies, (3) report on state reactions to the program, 
 and (4) make recommendations for improvement in strategic planning 
 processes. Five-state, on-site observation of planning processes and a 
 mail survey of all states and territories participating in the program 
 were conducted, as well as a review of all strategy submissions. 
 Variables in Part 1 include the Formula Grant Program's role in the 
 state and its relationship with other agencies, policy boards, and 
 working groups, the roles that these agencies play in Bureau of Justice 
 Assistance (BJA) strategy, funds allocated to local criminal justice 
 programs, and criteria used in selecting geographical areas of greatest 
 need. Variables from Part 2 relate to the variety and use of state 
 criminal justice data, difficulties in obtaining such data, federal 
 grant requirements, allocation of subgrants, and input of various 
 individuals and agencies in different stages of BJA strategy 
development.
Response to Terrorism by Local Prosecutors in 70 Large Jurisdictions in the United States, 2004

The American Prosecutors Research Institute (APRI)
 conducted an exploratory study to examine how prosecutors can best
 respond to terrorism in a post-September 11 legislative environment.
 Because the passage of anti-terrorism legislation at the state level
 has the potential to have an impact on local prosecutors, who are
 responsible for enforcing state laws, the American Prosecutors
 Research Institute (APRI) designed a survey to examine local
 prosecutors' involvement in homeland security and the ways in which
 their offices' organizational structure have changed to facilitate
 their involvement. Surveys were mailed or faxed to the 112 largest
 jurisdictions in the country. The survey instrument was divided into
 the following seven sections: (1) Background Information on the
 Jurisdiction, (2) Experience With State Legislation, (3)
 Organizational Changes, (4) Challenges Facing Local Prosecutors, (5)
 Methods Used to Overcome Challenges, (6) Coordination With Other
 Agencies, and (7) Training Needs. The survey questions focused on the
 legal framework and organizational structure in which local
prosecutors operate.
Repeat Complaint Address Policing: Two Field Experiments in Minneapolis, 1985-1987

A leading sociological theory of crime is the "routine
 activities" approach (Cohen and Felson, 1979). The premise of this
 theory is that the rate of occurrence of crime is affected by the
 convergence in time and space of three elements: motivated offenders,
 suitable targets, and the absence of guardianship against crime. The
 purpose of this study was to provide empirical evidence for the routine
 activities theory by investigating criminal data on places. This study
 deviates from traditional criminology research by analyzing places
 instead of collectivities as units of spatial analysis. There are two
 phases to this study. The purpose of the first phase was to test
 whether crime occurs randomly in space or is concentrated in "hot
 spots". Telephone calls for police service made in 1985 and 1986 to
 the Minneapolis Police Department were analyzed for patterns and
 concentration of repeat calls and were statistically tested for
 randomness. For the second phase of the study, two field experiments
 were designed to test the effectiveness of a proactive police strategy
 called Repeat Complaint Address Policing (RECAP). Samples of
 residential and commercial addresses that generated the most
 concentrated and most frequent repeat calls were divided into groups of
 experimental and control addresses, resulting in matched pairs. The
 experimental addresses were then subjected to a more focused proactive
 policing. The purposes of the RECAP experimentation were to test the
 effectiveness of proactive police strategy, as measured through the
 reduction in the incidence of calls to the police and, in so doing, to
 provide empirical evidence on the routine activities theory. Variables
 in this collection include the number of calls for police service in
 both 1986 and 1987 to the control addresses for each experimental pair,
 the number of calls for police service in both 1986 and 1987 to the
 experimental addresses for each experimental pair, numerical
 differences between calls in 1987 and 1986 for both the control
 addresses and experimental addresses in each experimental pair,
 percentage difference between calls in 1987 and 1986 for both the
 control addresses and the experimental addresses in each experimental
 pair, and a variable that indicates whether the experimental
 pair was used in the experimental analysis. The unit of observation for
 the first phase of the study is the recorded telephone call to the
 Minneapolis Police Department for police service and assistance. The
 unit of analysis for the second phase is the matched pair of control
 and experimental addresses for both the residential and commercial
address samples of the RECAP experiments.
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Primary Female Caregiver, Wave 3, 2000-2002

The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
 (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families,
 schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development.
 One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which
 was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over
 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and
 their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing
 circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics,
 that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial
 behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge
 various aspects of human development, including individual
 differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such
 measure was the Primary Female Caregiver instrument. It was
 administered to the subjects' primary female caregiver in Cohorts 0,
 3, 6, 9, and 12 and to subjects in Cohorts 15 and 18. It obtained
 information related to the female most responsible for raising the
 subject. It is complemented by PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO
 NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): PRIMARY MALE CAREGIVER, WAVE 3, 2000-2002
(ICPSR 13731).
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Physical Development Scale, Wave 3, 2000-2002

The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
 (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families,
 schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development.
 One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which
 was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over
 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and
 their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing
 circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics,
 that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial
 behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to
 gauge various aspects of human development, including individual
 differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. The
 Physical Development Scale was a self-report measure consisting of
 items that were used to ascertain pubertal status for children in
 Cohorts 6, 9, and 12. In Wave 1, this was interviewer administered and
 was referred to as the Pubertal Development Scale (PROJECT ON HUMAN
 DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): PUBERTAL DEVELOPMENT
 SCALE, WAVE 1, 1994-1997 [ICPSR 13595]). In Wave 2, this was
 self-administered (PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO
 NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT SCALE, WAVE 2, 1997-2000
[ICPSR 13645]).
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Primary Male Caregiver, Wave 3, 2000-2002

The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
 (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families,
 schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development.
 One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which
 was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over
 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and
 their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing
 circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics,
 that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial
 behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to
 gauge various aspects of human development, including individual
 differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such
 measure was the Primary Male Caregiver instrument. It was administered
 to the subject's primary caregiver in Cohorts 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12, and
 to subjects in Cohorts 15 and 18. It obtained information related to
 the male most responsible for raising the subject. It is complemented
 by PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN):
PRIMARY FEMALE CAREGIVER, WAVE 3, 2000-2002 (ICPSR 13729).
Monitoring Drug Epidemics and the Markets That Sustain Them, Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) and ADAM II Data, 2000-2003 and 2007-2010

This study examined trends in the use of five widely abused drugs among arrestees at 10 geographically diverse locations from 2000 to 2010: Atlanta, Charlotte, Chicago, Denver, Indianapolis, Manhattan, Minneapolis, Portland Oregon, Sacramento, and Washington DC. The data came from the Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring Program reintroduced in 2007 (ADAM II) and its predecessor the ADAM program. ADAM data included urinalysis results that provided an objective measure of recent drug use, provided location specific estimates over time, and provided sample weights that yielded unbiased estimates for each location. The ADAM data were analyzed according to a drug epidemics framework, which has been previously employed to understand the decline of the crack epidemic, the growth of marijuana use in the 1990s, and the persistence of heroin use. Similar to other diffusion of innovation processes, drug epidemics tend to follow a natural course passing through four distinct phases: incubation, expansion, plateau, and decline. The study also searched for changes in drug markets over the course of a drug epidemic.
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Provision of Social Relations (Primary Caregiver), Wave 3, 2000-2002

The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
(PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families,
schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development.
One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which
was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over
6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and
their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing
circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics,
that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial
behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to
gauge various aspects of human development, including individual
differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such
measure was the Provision of Social Relations (Primary Caregiver)
instrument. It was administered to the primary caregivers of the
subjects belonging to Cohorts 0 to 15 to evaluate the social support
received by the primary caregiver from family and friends. It is
closely related to PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO
NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): PROVISION OF SOCIAL RELATIONS (PRIMARY
CAREGIVER), WAVE 1, 1994-1995 (ICPSR 13597).
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Provision of Social Relations (Subject and Young Adult), Wave 3, 2000-2002

The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
(PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families,
schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development.
One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which
was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over
6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and
their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing
circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics,
that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial
behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to
gauge various aspects of human development, including individual
differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such
measure was the Provision of Social Relations (Subject and Young
Adult) instrument. It was administered to the subjects belonging to
Cohorts 6 to 18 to evaluate the social support received by the subject
from family and friends. It is closely related to PROJECT ON HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): PROVISION OF SOCIAL
RELATIONS (SUBJECT), WAVE 1, 1994-1995 (ICPSR 13598).
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Past Year (Primary Caregiver), Wave 3, 2000-2002

The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
 (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families,
 schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development.
 One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which
 was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over
 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and
 their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing
 circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics,
 that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial
 behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge
 various aspects of human development, including individual
 differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such
 measure was the primary caregiver version of the Post-Traumatic Stress
 Disorder (Past Year Section), administered to subjects' primary
 caregivers for Cohorts 3, 6, and 9. The instrument was adapted from
 the Anxiety module of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children
 (DISC 4) and obtained information regarding anxiety or stress that the
 subjects may have experienced in the past year in relation to
 traumatic events that may have happened to them. It is closely related
 to PROJECT ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN):
 POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER, PAST YEAR (PRIMARY CAREGIVER), WAVE 2,
1997-2000 (ICPSR 13647).
Evaluating the Impact of Probation and Parole Home Visits, United States, 2016 and 2018

In 2014, the researchers began work on a grant from the National Institute of Justice to evaluate the effectiveness of home and field contacts in community supervision. The study was designed to describe the varying practices of home and other field contacts in community supervision, to document their use nationwide, and to evaluate their effectiveness in maintaining public safety and promoting compliance with supervision requirements. The research is designed to address the gap in the understanding of home and field contacts as part of community supervision.
While home and field contacts with clients are common practice within many probation and parole agencies, little is known about how they are conducted, the goals of their use, and whether they impact client outcomes. Researchers conducted a mixed methods study of home and field contact practices within multiple agencies. A nationwide survey of community supervision agencies at the federal, state, and local levels was conducted to understand common policies and practices for home and field contacts. To analyze the effectiveness of home and field contacts, quasi-experimental designs were employed using administrative data. To understand the activities that make up home and field contacts and the goals behind them within each agency, officers
were asked to complete a qualitative home and field contact checklist and participate in focus groups.
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Past Year (Subject), Wave 3, 2000-2002

The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
 (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families,
 schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development.
 One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which
 was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over
 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and
 their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing
 circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics,
 that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial
 behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge
 various aspects of human development, including individual
 differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such
 measure was the subject version of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
 (Past Year Section), administered to subjects for Cohorts 6, 9, 12,
 15, and 18. The instrument was adapted from the Anxiety module of the
 Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC 4) and obtained
 information regarding any anxiety or stress the subjects may have
 experienced in the past year in relation to traumatic events that may
 have happened to them. It is closely related to PROJECT ON HUMAN
 DEVELOPMENT IN CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS (PHDCN): POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS
 DISORDER, PAST YEAR (SUBJECT), WAVE 2, 1997-2000 (ICPSR 13649).
 Subjects in Cohort 18 were administered a different version of the
 instrument than was administered to subjects in Cohorts 6, 9, 12, and
15.
Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Relationships, Wave 3, 2000-2002

The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods
 (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families,
 schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development.
 One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which
 was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over
 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and
 their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing
 circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics,
 that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial
 behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to
 gauge various aspects of human development, including individual
 differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such
 measure was the Relationships protocol. This was a booklet which could
 be administered by an interviewer or self-administered to subjects in
 Cohorts 9, 12, 15, and 18. It obtained information about dating,
 attitudes toward sex and having babies, and experience with sexual
intercourse.