AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Nature and Sanctioning of White Collar Crime, 1976-1978:  Federal Judicial Districts  

This data collection, one of only a small number available
 on federal white collar crimes, focuses on white collar criminals and
 the nature of their offenses. The data contain information on the
 source of conviction, offense category, number of counts in the
 indictment, maximum prison time and maximum fine associated with the
 offense, the duration and geographic spread of the offense, number of
 participants, number of persons arrested, number of businesses
 indicted, and spouse's employment. The data are limited to crimes
 committed solely by convicted individuals and do not include
 defendants that are organizations or groups. The defendant's
 socioeconomic status is measured using the Duncan Index. Further
 information provided about the defendant includes age, sex, marital
 status, past criminal history, neighborhood environment, education,
and employment history.
Evaluation of Boot Camps for Juvenile Offenders in Cleveland, Denver, and Mobile, 1992-1993

Boot camps, a popular alternative to standard correctional
 facilities, are characterized by a strong emphasis on military
 structure, drill, and discipline and by an abbreviated period of
 incarceration. In 1990, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
 Prevention (OJJDP) launched a demonstration program to develop boot
 camp models for juveniles and to test the feasibility and
 appropriateness of their implementation. In September 1991, three
 groups received awards to develop and implement boot camps as
 intermediate sanctions: the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas in
 Cleveland, Ohio, the Colorado Division of Youth Services in Denver,
 Colorado, and the Boys and Girls Clubs of Greater Mobile,
 Alabama. Simultaneously, the National Institute of Justice sponsored
 an evaluation of the implementation of the demonstration programs,
 focusing on the experiences of youths who entered the program during
 the first year of operation, from 1992 to 1993. This collection
 contains data from the program evaluation conducted on these three
 boot camps during the first year. The core of the assessment was a
 management information system that captured administrative data as the
 offenders progressed through the demonstration program. At intake,
 researchers collected demographic, criminal, and family and social
 information. Demographic information collected at intake includes age,
 race, education, and employment. Criminal data covers criminal
 history, current offense, and case information, while family and
 social history variables include whether the youths' parents had a
 criminal record, whether their family received public assistance, and
 whether they had delinquent friends, delinquent siblings, discipline
 problems at home or school, or a history of psychological problems.
 At the beginning and end of the boot camp term, staff rated the
 youths' performance on educational and behavioral measures. The
 youths were also surveyed about the rules of boot camp, their opinions
 of instructors, and their self-esteem, drug and alcohol use, and
 criminal behavior. At the end of the first 90 days (the residential
 period), data were collected on the date of graduation, infractions
 during boot camp, honors or awards, and special services
 received. Five months after graduation, youths were evaluated on their
 aftercare experiences. Some sites supplemented the basic management
 information with data collected on educational performance, employment
history and expectations, physical fitness, and youth attitudes.
Dangerous Sex Offenders:  Classifying, Predicting, and Evaluating Outcomes of Clinical Treatment in Bridgewater, Massachusetts, 1982-1985  

The purpose of this data collection was to validate two
 classification systems, one for rapists and one for child molesters,
 used in a Massachusetts treatment center for sexually aggressive
 offenders. Rapists and child molesters were classified as two types of
 sex offenders and then clinically classified into subtypes based on
 criteria for the two taxonomies being tested. Variables include type
 of traffic offenses, criminal offenses, and sex offenses charged. Data
 on disposition of cases are also provided, along with parole and
 discharge information. Offenders' post-release offenses were
 categorized into traffic offenses, nontraffic offenses, and sex
offenses.
Selecting Career Criminals for Priority Prosecution, 1984-1986:  Los Angeles County, California and Middlesex County, Massachusetts

Collection of these data was undertaken in order to develop 
 offender classification criteria that could be used to identify career 
 criminals for priority prosecution. In addition to the crime records 
 obtained from official sources and defendants' self- reports, 
 information about prosecutors' discretionary judgments on sampled cases 
 was obtained from interviews of prosecutors and case review forms 
 completed by attorneys. Respondent and nonrespondent files, taken from 
 official court records, contain information on current and past records 
 of offenses committed, arrests, dispositions, sentences, parole and 
 probation histories, substance abuse records, juvenile court 
 appearances, criminal justice practitioners' assessments, and 
 demographic characteristics. The prosecutor interview files contain 
 variables relating to prosecutors' opinions on the seriousness of the 
 defendant's case, subjective criteria used to decide suitability for 
 prosecution, and case status at intake stage. Information obtained from 
 prosecutors' case review forms include defendants' prior records and 
 situational variables related to the charged offenses. The self-report 
 files contain data on the defendants' employment histories, substance 
 abuse and criminal records, sentence and confinement histories, and 
basic socioeconomic characteristics.
Use of Adjuncts to Supplement Judicial Resources in Six Jurisdictions, 1983-1986:  [United States]

This multi-site data collection evaluates the impact of 
 judicial adjunct attorneys and referees on the court system at the 
 county and state levels in six jurisdictions: (1) Pima County, Arizona, 
 (2) Multnomah County, Oregon, (3) King County, Washington, (4) Hennepin 
 County, Minnesota, (5) Phoenix, Arizona, and (6) the state of 
 Connecticut. There are three different units of observation in this 
 study: (1) civil trial cases, (2) trial judges, including regular 
 judges and adjunct attorneys, and (3) litigating attorneys. The court 
 case data include information on type of case, date of trial, type of 
 judge, type of disposition, and date of disposition. For the 
 questionnaire data obtained on judges, adjuncts, and litigating 
 attorneys, information includes experience with the program, 
satisfaction, and ideas for changes.
Robberies in Chicago, 1982-1983

This study investigates the factors and conditions in
robbery events that cause victim injury or death. The investigators
compare three robbery events: those that resulted in death, those that
cause injury, and nonfatal robberies of all types. The events were
compared on a variety of demographic variables. The data address the
following questions: (1) To what extent are homicides resulting from
robbery misclassified as homicides for which motives are undetermined?
(2) How often do homicides resulting from robbery involve individuals
who do not know each other? (3) Are robberies that involve illicit
drugs more likely to result in the death of the victim? (4) To what
extent does a weapon used in a robbery affect the probability that a
victim will die? (5) To what extent does victim resistance affect the
likelihood of victim death? (6) To what extent does robbery lead to
physical injury? (7) Do individuals of different races suffer
disproportionately from injuries resulting from robbery? (8) Are
injuries and homicides resulting from robbery more likely to occur in a
residence, commercial establishment, or on the street? (9) Are women or
men more likely to be victims of homicide or injury resulting from
robbery? (10) To what extent does robbery (with or without a homicide)
occur between or within races? (12) How long does it take to solve
robbery-related crimes? Major variables characterizing the unit of
observation, the robbery event, include: location of the robbery
incident, numbers of offenders and victims involved in the incident,
victim's and offender's prior arrest and conviction histories, the
extent of injury, whether or not drugs were involved in any way, type
of weapon used, victim/offender relationship, and the extent of victim
resistance.
Fines as a Criminal Sanction:  Practices and Attitudes of Trial Court Judges in the United States, 1985  

These data were collected to examine the practices and
 views of state trial court judges with respect to their use of fines
 as a criminal sanction. Respondents were asked about the composition
 of their caseloads, sentencing practices (including fines imposed for
 various circumstances), available information about the offender at
 time of sentencing, enforcement and collection procedures in their
 courts, and their attitudes toward the use of fines. In addition to
 questions concerning the judges' use of fines and other sanctions, the
questionnaire presented the judges with hypothetical cases.
Disorder and Community Decline in Forty Neighborhoods of the United States, 1977-1983

This data collection was designed to evaluate the effects
of disorderly neighborhood conditions on community decline and
residents' reactions toward crime. Data from five previously collected
datasets were aggregated and merged to produce this collection: (1)
REACTIONS TO CRIME PROJECT, 1977 [CHICAGO, PHILADELPHIA, SAN
FRANCISCO]: SURVEY ON FEAR OF CRIME AND CITIZEN BEHAVIOR (ICPSR 8162),
(2) CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH AND LOW CRIME NEIGHBORHOODS IN ATLANTA,
1980 (ICPSR 8951), (3) CRIME FACTORS AND NEIGHBORHOOD DECLINE IN
CHICAGO, 1979 (ICPSR 7952), (4) REDUCING FEAR OF CRIME PROGRAM
EVALUATION SURVEYS IN NEWARK AND HOUSTON, 1983-1984 (ICPSR 8496), and
(5) a survey of citizen participation in crime prevention in six
Chicago neighborhoods conducted by Rosenbaum, Lewis, and Grant.
Neighborhood-level data cover topics such as disorder, crime, fear,
residential satisfaction, and other key factors in community decline.
Variables include disorder characteristics such as loitering,
drugs, vandalism, noise, and gang activity, demographic
characteristics such as race, age, and unemployment rate, and
neighborhood crime problems such as burglary, robbery, assault, and
rape. Information is also available on crime avoidance behaviors, fear
of crime on an aggregated scale, neighborhood satisfaction on an
aggregated scale, and cohesion and social interaction.
Supporting Police Integrity in the Philadelphia [Pennsylvania] Police Department, 1991-1998 and 2000

This study investigated police integrity in the
 
 Philadelphia Police Department (PPD). Its primary goal was to identify
 
 risk factors for negative police behaviors and outcomes using
 
 information readily available to the department. Part 1, Academy and
 
 Background Data, contains background information and academy records
 
 data for 1,949 PPD officers from 17 academy classes for the years 1991
 
 to 1998. Part 2, Survey Data, contains data collected in 2000 on the
 
 attitudes of a sample of 499 PPD officers. Variables in Part 1 cover
 
 background information, including history of misconduct and
 
 disciplinary actions. Variables in Part 2 include measurements of
 
officer cynicism and attitudes toward ethical issues.
Effectiveness of Client Specific Planning as an Alternative Sentence, 1981-1982: Washington, DC, and Fairfax, Montgomery, and Prince George Counties

This data collection was designed to evaluate the Client 
 Specific Planning (CSP) program of the National Center on Institutions 
 and Alternatives (NCIA). The CSP program offers non-incarcerative 
 sentencing options and alternatives prepared for judges and presented 
 by an NCIA caseworker. The study measures the impact of the program on 
 sentence length, sentence severity, the effectiveness of the program at 
 diverting serious felony offenders from incarceration, and the rate, 
 type, seriousness, and timing of recidivism in a 24-month post-sentence 
 risk period. Variables are provided for each defendant on demographic 
 characteristics, criminal history, prior counseling experiences, prior 
 incarceration, charges and dispositions of the recidivist arrests, and 
types of sentencing alternatives recommended in CSP.
Nature and Patterns of Homicide in Eight American Cities, 1978

This dataset contains detailed information on homicides in 
 eight United States cities: Philadelphia, Newark, Chicago, St. Louis, 
 Memphis, Dallas, Oakland, and "Ashton" (a representative large 
 western city). Detailed characteristics for each homicide victim 
 include time and date of homicide, age, gender, race, place of birth, 
 marital status, living arrangement, occupation, socioeconomic status 
 (SES), employment status, method of assault, location where homicide 
 occurred, relationship of victim to offender, circumstances surrounding 
 death, precipitation or resistance of victim, physical evidence 
 collected, victim's drug history, victim's prior criminal record, and 
 number of offenders identified. Data on up to two offenders and three 
 witnesses are also available and include the criminal history, justice 
 system disposition, and age, sex, and race of each offender. 
 Information on the age, sex, and race of each witness also was 
 collected, as were data on witness type (police informant, child, 
 eyewitness, etc.). Finally, information from the medical examiner's 
 records including results of narcotics and blood alcohol tests of the 
victim are provided.
Guardian Angels:  Citizen Response to Crime in Selected Cities of the United States, 1984

This study was designed to assess the effects of the
activities of the Guardian Angels on citizens' fear of crime, incidence
of crime, and police officers' perceptions of the Guardian Angels. The
data, which were collected in several large American cities, provide
information useful for evaluating the activities of the Guardian Angels
from the perspectives of transit riders, residents, merchants, and
police officers. Respondents who were transit riders were asked to
provide information on their knowledge of and contacts with the Angels,
attitudes toward the group, feelings of safety on public transit,
victimization experience, and demographic characteristics. Police
officers were asked about their knowledge of the Angels, attitudes
toward the group, opinions regarding the benefits and effectiveness of
the group, and law enforcement experiences. Data for residents and
merchants include demographic characteristics, general problems in the
neighborhood, opinions regarding crime problems, crime prevention
activities, fear of crime, knowledge of the Angels, attitudes toward
the group, and victimization experiences.
Evaluation of the Focused Offender Disposition Program in Birmingham, Phoenix, and Chicago, 1988-1992

The Drug Testing Technology/Focused Offender Disposition
(FOD) program was designed to examine two issues regarding drug users
in the criminal justice system: (1) the utility of need assessment
instruments in appropriately determining the level of treatment and/or
supervision needed by criminal offenders with a history of drug use,
and (2) the use of urinalysis monitoring as a deterrent to subsequent
drug use. This data collection consists of four datasets from three
sites. The FOD program was first established in Birmingham, Alabama,
and Phoenix, Arizona, in December 1988 and ran through August
1990. The Chicago, Illinois, program began in October 1990 and ended
in March 1992. These first three programs studied probationers with a
history of recent drug use who were not incarcerated while awaiting
sentencing. The subjects were assessed with one of two different
treatment instruments. Half of all clients were assessed with the
objective Offender Profile Index (OPI) created by the National
Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors (NASADAD). The
other half were assessed with the local instrument administered in
each site by Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC),
Inc. Regardless of which assessment procedure was used, offenders were
then randomly assigned to one of two groups. Half of all offenders
assessed by the OPI and half of the offenders assessed by the local
instrument were assigned to a control group that received only random
urinalysis monitoring regardless of the drug treatment intervention
strategy prescribed by the assessment instrument. The other half of
offenders in each assessment group were assigned to a treatment group
that received appropriate drug intervention treatment. The Phoenix
pilot study (Part 4), which ran from March 1991 to May 1992, was
designed like the first Phoenix study, except that the sample for the
pilot study was drawn from convicted felons who were jailed prior to
sentencing and who were expected to be sentenced to probation. These
data contain administrative information, such as current offense,
number of arrests, number of convictions, and prior charges. The need
assessment instruments were used to gather data on clients' living
arrangements, educational and vocational backgrounds, friendships,
history of mental problems, drug use history, and scores measuring
stakes in conformity. In addition, the study specifically collected
information on the monitoring of the clients while in the FOD program,
including the number of urinalyses administered and their results, as
well as the placement of clients in treatment programs. The files also
contain demographic information, such as age, race, sex, and
education.
Reexamining the Minneapolis Repeat Complaint Address Policing (RECAP) Experiment, 1986-1987

This study reexamines REPEAT COMPLAINT ADDRESS POLICING:
 TWO FIELD EXPERIMENTS IN MINNEAPOLIS, 1985-1987 (ICPSR 9788). The
 original Repeat Complaint Address Policing (RECAP) experiment was a
 field study of the strategy of problem-oriented policing, which used
 control and treatment groups consisting of specific addresses in the
 city of Minneapolis. The impact of problem-oriented policing was
 measured by comparing the number of 911 calls received for each
 address during a baseline period to the number received during a
 period when experimental treatments were in effect. Several features
 of the original data distort the one-to-one correspondence between a
 911 call and an event, such as the occurrence of multiple versions of
 the same call in the databases. The current study identifies and
 attempts to correct these occurrences by applying multiple levels of
 data cleaning procedures to the original data to establish a better
one-to-one call-to-event correspondence.
Exploring the House Burglar's Perspective: Observing and Interviewing Offenders in St. Louis, 1989-1990

These data investigate the behaviors and attitudes of
 active residential burglars, not presently incarcerated, operating in
 St. Louis, Missouri. Through personal interviews, information was
 gathered on the burglars' motivation and feelings about committing
 crimes, peer pressure, burglary methods, and stolen goods disposal.
 Respondents were asked to describe their first residential burglary,
 to recreate verbally the most recent residential burglary they had
 committed, to discuss their perceptions of the risk values involved
 with burglary, and to describe the process through which they selected
 potential targets for burglaries. In-depth, semistructured interviews
 lasting from one and a half to three hours were conducted in which
 participants were allowed to speak freely and informally to the
 investigator. These interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed
 verbatim, and some were later annotated with content-related markers
 or "tags" to facilitate analysis. Information was also elicited on
 age, race, sex, marital status, employment status, drug history, and
criminal offense history.
Prejudice and Violence in the American Workplace, 1988-1991: Survey of an Eastern Corporation

This study was conducted to examine the nature and extent
of prejudice-based mistreatment of employees in the workplace. The
researchers investigated the effects of mistreatment on employees'
psychological well-being, interpersonal relationships, and perceptions
of the work environment. Personal interviews were conducted with 327
first-line workers at an American corporation in the middle Atlantic
states to determine workers' experiences of violence, discrimination,
and prejudice and their responses to such victimization. Three
dimensions of victimization were explored: personal victimization,
prejudiced victimization, and co-victimization. Self-reported symptoms
of post-traumatic stress were identified. Data were also collected to
ascertain job satisfaction and job autonomy and to determine if these
factors mitigate the effects of mistreatment. Demographic information
includes age, race, sex, income, education, marital status, ethnicity,
religion, handicap, and sexual orientation. The company involved in
the research has been kept anonymous.
Improving the Investigation of Homicide and the Apprehension Rate of Murderers in Washington State, 1981-1986

This data collection contains information on solved murders
 occurring in Washington State between 1981 and 1986. The collection is
 a subset of data from the Homicide Investigation Tracking System
 (HITS), a computerized database maintained by the state of Washington
 that contains information on murders and sexual assault cases in that
 state. The data for HITS are provided voluntarily by police and
 sheriffs' departments covering 273 jurisdictions, medical examiners'
 and coroners' offices in 39 counties, prosecuting attorneys' offices
 in 39 counties, the Washington State Department of Vital Statistics,
 and the Uniform Crime Report Unit of the Washington State Association
 of Sheriffs and Police Chiefs. Collected data include crime evidence,
 victimology, offender characteristics, geographic locations, weapons,
and vehicles.