AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Drug Use Forecasting in 24 Cities in the United States, 1987-1997

The Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) Program measures levels of
and trends in drug use among persons arrested and booked in the United
States. The data address the following topics: (1) types of drugs used
by arrestees (based on self-reports and urinalysis), (2) self-reported
dependency on drugs, (3) self-reported need for alcohol/drug
treatment, (4) the relationship between drug use and certain types of
offenses, and (5) the relationship between self-reported indicators of
drug use and indicators of drug use based on urinalysis. Participation
in the project is voluntary, and all information collected from the
arrestees is anonymous and confidential. The data include the
arrestee's age, race, gender, educational attainment, marital status,
and the charge at the time of booking. The recently modified DUF
interview instrument (used for part of the 1995 data and all of the
1996 and 1997 data) also collected information about the arrestee's
use of 15 drugs, including recent and past use (e.g., 3-day and 30-day
drug use) of each of these drugs, age at first use, and whether the
arrestee had ever been dependent on drugs. In the original DUF
interview instrument (used for the 1987 to 1994 data and part of the
1995 data), the information collected was the same as above except
that the use of 22 drugs was queried, and the age at which the
arrestee first became dependent on the drug was included. Arrestees
also were questioned in the original instrument about their history of
intravenous drug use, whether the consideration of AIDS influenced
whether they shared needles, history of drug and alcohol treatment,
their past and current drug treatment needs, and how many persons they
had sex with during the past 12 months. Finally, arrestees were asked
to provide a urine specimen, which was screened for the presence of
ten drugs, including marijuana, opiates, cocaine, PCP, methadone,
benzodiazepines (Valium), methaqualone, propoxyphene (Darvon),
barbiturates, and amphetamines (positive test results for amphetamines
were confirmed by gas chromatography). The Gun Addendum Data (Parts
27, 35, and 37) contain variables on topics such as arrestees'
encounters with guns, whether they agreed or disagreed with statements
about guns, gun possession, how they obtained handgun(s), whether they
were armed with a gun at their arrest or during crimes, and if they
had ever used a gun against another person. The Heroin Addendum Data,
1995 (Part 29) contains information that was formerly covered in the
main annual file in 1992-1994, but in 1995 was revised and prepared as
a separate dataset.
Charlotte [North Carolina] Spouse Assault Replication Project, 1987-1989

This study is a replication and extension of an experiment
 conducted in Minneapolis (MINNEAPOLIS INTERVENTION PROJECT, 1986-1987
 [ICPSR 9808]) to test the efficacy of three types of police response
 to spouse abuse. Three experimental treatments were employed: (1)
 advising and possibly separating the couple, (2) issuing a citation
 (an order to appear in court to answer specific charges) to the
 offender, and (3) arresting the offender. The main focus of the
 project concerned whether arrest is the most effective law enforcement
 response for deterring recidivism of spouse abusers. Cases were
 randomly assigned to one of the three treatments and were followed for
 at least six months to determine whether recidivism occurred. Measures
 of recidivism were obtained through official police records and victim
 interviews. Cases that met the following eligibility guidelines were
 included in the project: (1) a call involving a misdemeanor offense
 committed by a male offender aged 18 or over against a female victim
 aged 18 or over who were spouses, (2) ex-spouses, (3) cohabitants, or
 (4) ex-cohabitants. Also, both suspect and victim had to be present
 when officers arrived at the scene. Victims were interviewed
 twice. The first interview occurred shortly after the "presenting
 incident," the incident that initiated a call for police assistance.
 This initial interview focused on episodes of abuse that occurred
 between the time of the presenting incident and the day of the initial
 interview. In particular, detailed data were gathered on the nature of
 physical violence directed against the victim, the history of the
 victim's marital and cohabitating relationships, the nature of the
 presenting incident prior to the arrival of the police, the actual
 actions taken by the police at the scene, post-incident separations
 and reunions of the victim and the offender, recidivism since the
 presenting incident, the victim's previous abuse history, alcohol and
 drug use of both the victim and the offender, and the victim's
 help-seeking actions. Questions were asked regarding whether the
 offender had threatened to hurt the victim, actually hurt or tried to
 hurt the victim, threatened to hurt any member of the family, actually
 hurt or tried to hurt any member of the family, threatened to damage
 property, or actually damaged any property. In addition, criminal
 histories and arrest data for the six-month period subsequent to the
 presenting incident were collected for offenders. A follow-up
 interview was conducted approximately six months after the presenting
 incident and focused primarily on recidivism since the initial
 interview. Arrest recidivism was defined as any arrest for any
 subsequent offense by the same offender against the same victim
 committed within six months of the presenting incident. Victims were
 asked to estimate how often each type of victimization had occurred
 and to answer more detailed questions on the first and most recent
incidents of victimization.
Spouse Abuse Replication Project in Metro-Dade County, Florida, 1987-1989

The Metro-Dade project replicated an earlier study of
domestic violence, the Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment
(SPECIFIC DETERRENT EFFECTS OF ARREST FOR DOMESTIC ASSAULT:
MINNEAPOLIS, 1981-1982 [ICPSR 8250]), which was conducted by the
Police Foundation with a grant from the National Institute of Justice.
The Metro-Dade study employed a research design that tested the
relative effectiveness of various combinations of treatments that were
randomly assigned in two stages. Initially, eligible spouse battery
cases were assigned to either an arrest or a nonarrest condition.
Later, cases were assigned either to receive or not to receive a
follow-up investigation and victim counseling from a detective working
with the Safe Streets Unit (SSU), a unit that deals specifically with
domestic violence. Given the various treatment conditions employed,
three types of dependent variables were examined: (1) prevalence--the
proportion of suspects who engaged in repeat incidents, (2)
incidence--the frequency with which repeat incidents occurred, and (3)
"time to failure"--the interval between the presenting incident and
subsequent incidents. Initial interviews were conducted with victims
soon after the presenting incident, and follow-up interviews were
attempted six months later. The interviews were conducted in either
English or Spanish. The interview questions requested detailed
background information about the suspect, victim, and any family
members living with the victim at the time of the interview, including
age, gender, and marital and employment status. Parallel sets of
employment and education questions were asked about the victim and the
suspect. Additionally, the interview questionnaire was designed to
collect information on (1) the history of the victim's relationship
with the suspect, (2) the nature of the presenting incident, including
physical violence, property damage, and threats, (3) causes of the
presenting incident, including the use of alcohol and drugs by both
the victim and the offender, (4) actions taken by the police when they
arrived on the scene, (5) the victim's evaluation of the services
rendered by the police on the scene, (6) the nature of the follow-up
contact by a detective from the Safe Street Unit and an evaluation of
the services provided, (7) the victim's history of abuse by the
offender, and (8) the nature of subsequent abuse since the presenting
incident. Data for Parts 1 and 2 are self-reported data, obtained
from interviews with victims. Part 4 consists of data recorded on
Domestic Violence Continuation Report forms, indicating subsequent
assaults or domestic disputes, and Part 5 contains criminal history
data on suspects from arrest reports, indicating a subsequent arrest.
The police report of the incident and information on the type of
randomized treatment assigned to each case is given in Part 6.
Mentally Disordered Offenders in Pursuit of Celebrities and Politicians

These data were collected to develop a means of identifying
those individuals most likely to be dangerous to others because of
their pursuit of public figures. Another objective of the study was to
gather detailed quantitative information on harassing and threatening
communications to public figures and to determine what aspects of
written communications are predictive of future behavior. Based on the
fact that each attack by a mentally disordered person in which an
American public figure was wounded had occurred in connection with a
physical approach within 100 yards, the investigators reasoned that
accurate predictions of such physical approaches could serve as
proxies for the less feasible task of accurate prediction of attacks.
The investigators used information from case files of subjects who had
pursued two groups of public figures, politicians and celebrities. The
data were drawn from the records of the United States Capitol Police
and a prominent Los Angeles-based security consulting firm, Gavin de
Becker, Inc. Information was gathered from letters and other
communications of the subjects, as well as any other sources
available, such as police records or descriptions of what occurred
during interviews. The data include demographic information such as
sex, age, race, marital status, religion, and education, family
history information, background information such as school and work
records, military history, criminal history, number of communications
made, number of threats made, information about subjects' physical
appearance, psychological and emotional evaluations, information on
travel/mobility patterns, and approaches made.
National Assessment of Gangs in Correctional Facilities, 1992

This study sought to identify and examine current policies
 and strategies for controlling prison gangs and to determine the ways
 in which correctional facilities were dealing with gangs in their
 institutions. Respondents to the mail survey included 55 local jail
 systems and 52 state prison systems (the 50 state Departments of
 Corrections, the District of Columbia, and the Federal Bureau of
 Prisons). The survey question text used the term
 "security threat group" (STG), which was defined as "two or more
 inmates, acting together, who pose a threat to the security or safety
 of staff/inmates and/or are disruptive to programs and/or to the orderly
 management of the facility/system," rather than the generic term "gang."
 Data contain information on total
 inmate population, number of STGs, number of inmates identified as
 confirmed, suspected, associate, and drop-out members of STGs, total
 incidents of violence, number of violent incidents by STG members,
 management strategies to deal with gangs, and names of STGs known to be
present within the system.
New Orleans Offender Study, 1973-1986

These data focus on persons arrested for burglary or armed
 robbery in New Orleans during 1973-1986. Local, state, and federal
 arrest records were combined with local and state custody records to
 provide a more complete criminal history database for researchers than
 previously available. The five files in this collection supply
 information on arrests, periods of criminal justice supervision and
 custody, employment, and basic demographics (sex, race, birth year,
 and state of birth). For a majority of the juvenile offenders, results
 of aptitude and diagnostic tests obtained from the Louisiana
 Department of Corrections, Juvenile Division, are available as
well. The unit of analysis is the offender.
Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) Program in the United States, 1999

The Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) Program, the
successor to the Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) Program (DRUG USE
FORECASTING IN 24 CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES, 1987-1997 [ICPSR
9477]), measures levels of and trends in drug use among persons
arrested and booked in 35 sites across the United States. The data address the
following topics: (1) types of drugs used by arrestees (based on
self-reports and urinalysis), (2) self-reported dependency on drugs,
(3) self-reported need for alcohol/drug treatment, (4) the
relationship between drug use and certain types of offenses, and (5)
the relationship between self-reported indicators of drug use and
indicators of drug use based on urinalysis. Participation in the
project is voluntary, and all information collected from the arrestees
is anonymous and confidential. The data include the arrestee's age,
race, gender, educational attainment, marital status, and the charge
at the time of booking. The modified ADAM/DUF interview
instrument (used for part of the 1995 data and all of the 1996, 1997,
1998, and 1999 data) also collected information about the arrestee's
use of 15 drugs, including recent and past use (e.g., 3-day and 30-day
drug use), age at first use, and whether the arrestee had ever been
dependent on drugs. As part of the ADAM program, arrestees were asked
to provide a urine specimen, which was screened for the presence of
ten drugs, including marijuana, opiates, cocaine, PCP, methadone,
benzodiazepines (Valium), methaqualone, propoxyphene (Darvon),
barbiturates, and amphetamines (positive test results for amphetamines
were confirmed by gas chromatography).
Profiling the Needs of the California Youth Authority's Female Population, 1996  

This study was designed to assess the needs and
 characteristics of the female juvenile offender population in
 California and to evaluate the existing program structure. The main
 focus was to conduct a pilot study to test an instrument the
 researchers had designed for profiling the needs of youthful female
 offenders in developing a protocol for use by other jurisdictions and
 agencies working with delinquent female youths. To study the needs and
 program demands of young female offenders, the researchers conducted a
 profile survey of 162 randomly-selected women at the Ventura School in
 the California Youth Authority (CYA) in the summer of 1996. The data
 are the result of personal interviews using a modified version of the
 instrument used for a 1995 study of adult female offenders in the
 California Department of Corrections by the principal
 investigators. Information was collected on demographics, social and
 economic background, criminal history, and correctional
 experiences. Demographic variables include age, race and ethnicity,
 marital status, and parents' marital status. Variables on social and
 economic background include religious preference, living situation,
 education, work history, family relationships, pregnancy history while
 incarcerated, and family and juvenile history. Criminal history
 variables cover gang involvement, arrest and sentence information,
 offense profile, reasons for committing the offense, weapon use,
 substance abuse history, and personal abuse. Variables on correctional
 experiences include abuse counseling, HIV testing, correctional
 programming participation, work experience during incarceration, and
California Youth Authority housing assignment.
Evaluating Anti-Gang Legislation and Gang Prosecution Units in Clark and Washoe Counties, Nevada, 1989-1995  

In response to several high profile, violent crimes by
 minority males, which were reported by law enforcement officials as
 being gang-related, Nevada lawmakers enacted an array of anti-gang
 legislation, much of it drafted by law enforcement personnel. This
 study attempted to provide answers to the following research
 questions: (1) How often and under what specific conditions were the
 various anti-gang statutes used in the prosecution of gang members?
 (2) How had the passage of anti-gang statutes and the development of
 the gang prosecution units influenced the use of more conventional
 charging practices related to gang cases? and (3) Did specialized gang
 prosecution produce higher rates of convictions, more prison
 sentences, and longer prison terms for gang offenders? Court
 monitoring data were collected from both Clark and Washoe counties to
 document the actual extent and nature of gang crime in both
 jurisdictions over several years. Variables include the year of the
 court case, whether the defendant was a gang member, total number of
 initial charges, whether all charges were dismissed before trial,
 whether the defendant was convicted of any charge, the length of the
 prison sentence imposed, whether the defendant was charged with a gang
 enhancement statute, and whether the defendant was charged with
 murder, sexual assault, robbery, kidnapping, burglary, auto theft,
 larceny, a drug offense, a weapon offense, or assault. Demographic
variables include the race, sex, and age of the defendant.
Incapacitation Effects of Incarcerating Drug Offenders:  Longitudinal Arrest Histories of Adults Arrested in Washington, DC, 1985-1986  

This study examined differences in criminal career
 parameters that determine the potential incapacitative effects of
 alternative sentencing policies directed at drug-involved
 offenders. In particular, the researchers explored three key aspects
 of offenders' criminal careers: participation, frequency of offending,
 and termination rates from active offending. The study focused on
 differences in levels of serious offending by drug-using and nonusing
 drug offenders compared to drug-using and nonusing predatory
 offenders. Longitudinal arrest data for a sample of arrestees were
 collected to characterize the offending patterns of drug-using and
 nonusing drug offenders and predatory offenders. The sample was drawn
 from adults arrested in Washington, DC, on any charge from July 1,
 1985, to June 30, 1986. Data were collected from case files maintained
 by the Washington, DC, Pretrial Services Agency for 883 arrestees and
 5,387 arrests. Previous and subsequent arrests of the same individual
 were linked to form an arrest history. Within the sample of arrestees,
 three main types of offenders were distinguished based on offense
 charge at target arrest: (1) drug offenders, (2) predatory offenders
 (persons charged with robbery or burglary), and (3) all others. This
 study focused on the first two groups and distinguished drug users
 from non-users based on the results of a urine drug screen
 administered following the target arrest. Variables regarding arrests
 include date of arrest, drug test result, charges filed, disposition
 date, disposition type, and sentence length imposed. Demographic
variables include race, sex, and place of birth.
Evaluation of Victim Services Programs Funded by "Stop Violence Against Women" Grants in the United States, 1998-1999

This project investigated the effects of Violence Against
 Women Act (VAWA) STOP (Services, Training, Officers, Prosecutors)
 funds with respect to the provision of victim services by criminal
 justice-based agencies to domestic assault, stalking, and sexual
 assault victims. Violence Against Women grants were intended "to
 assist states, Indian tribal governments, and units of local
 government to develop and strengthen effective law enforcement and
 prosecution strategies to combat violent crimes against women, and to
 develop and strengthen victim services in cases involving violent
 crimes against women." Domestic violence and sexual assault were
 identified as primary targets for the STOP grants, along with support
 for under-served victim populations. Two types of programs were
 sampled in this evaluation. The first was a sample of representatives
 of STOP grant programs, from which 62 interviews were completed (Part
 1, Criminal Justice Victim Service Program Survey Data). The second
 was a sample of 96 representatives of programs that worked in close
 cooperation with the 62 STOP program grantees to serve victims (Part
 2, Ancillary Programs Survey Data). General questions from the STOP
 program survey (Part 1) covered types of victims served, years program
 had been in existence, types of services provided, stages when
 services were provided, number of victims served by the program the
 previous year, the program's operating budget, and primary and
 secondary funding sources. Questions about the community in which the
 program operated focused on types of services for domestic violence
 and/or sexual assault victims that existed in the community, if
 services provided by the program complemented or overlapped those
 provided by the community, and a rating of the community's coordinated
 response in providing services. Questions specific to the activities
 supported by the STOP grant included the amount of the grant award, if
 the STOP grant was used to start the program or to expand services and
 if the latter, which services, and whether the STOP funds changed the
 way the program delivered services, changed linkages with other
 agencies in the community, increased the program's visibility in the
 community, and/or impacted the program's stability. Also included were
 questions about under-served populations being served by the program,
 the impact of the STOP grant on victims as individuals and on their
 cases in the criminal justice system, and the program's impact on
 domestic violence, stalking, and sexual assault victims throughout the
 community. Data from the ancillary programs survey (Part 2) pertain to
 types of services provided by the program, if the organization was
 part of the private sector or the criminal justice system, and the
 impact of the STOP program in the community on various aspects of
services provided and on improvements for victims.