AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
National Corrections Reporting Program, 1991-2015: Selected Variables

The National Corrections Reporting Program (NCRP) compiles offender-level data on admissions and releases from state and federal prisons and post-confinement community supervision. The data are used to monitor the nation's correctional population and address specific policy questions related to recidivism, prisoner reentry, and trends in demographic characteristics of the incarcerated and community supervision populations. The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) has administered the NCRP since 1983. Abt Associates has served as the NCRP data collection agent since October 2010.
This version of the NCRP contains selected variables making it suitable for public release.
Uniform Crime Reports [United States]:  Supplementary Homicide Reports, 1976-2003   

These data provide incident-level information on criminal
 homicides including location, circumstances, and method of offense, as
 well as demographic characteristics of victims and perpetrators and
 the relationship between the two. The data were provided monthly to
 the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) by local law enforcement
agencies participating in the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program.
Uniform Crime Reporting: National Incident-Based Reporting System, 2009

The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) is a
part of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR), administered by the
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). In the late 1970s, the law
enforcement community called for a thorough evaluative study of the
UCR with the objective of recommending an expanded and enhanced UCR
program to meet law enforcement needs into the 21st century. The FBI
fully concurred with the need for an updated program to meet
contemporary needs and provided its support, formulating a
comprehensive redesign effort. Following a multiyear study, a
"Blueprint for the Future of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program" was
developed. Using the "Blueprint," and in consultation with local and
state law enforcement executives, the FBI formulated new guidelines
for the Uniform Crime Reports. The National Incident-Based Reporting
System (NIBRS) was implemented to meet these guidelines. NIBRS data
are archived at ICPSR as 13 separate data files per year, which may be
merged by using linkage variables. The data focus on a variety of
aspects of a crime incident. Part 4, Administrative Segment, offers
data on the incident itself (date and time). Each crime incident is
delineated by one administrative segment record. Also provided are
Part 5, Offense Segment (offense type, location, weapon use, and bias
motivation), Part 6, Property Segment (type of property loss, property
description, property value, drug type and quantity), Part 7, Victim
Segment (age, sex, race, ethnicity, and injuries), Part 8, Offender
Segment (age, sex, and race), and Part 9, Arrestee Segment (arrest
date, age, sex, race, and weapon use). The Batch Header Segment (Parts
1-3) separates and identifies individual police agencies by
Originating Agency Identifier (ORI). Batch Header information, which
is contained on three records for each ORI, includes agency name,
geographic location, and population of the area. Part 10, Group B
Arrest Report Segment, includes arrestee data for Group B crimes.
Window Segments files (Parts 11-13) pertain to incidents for which the
complete Group A Incident Report was not submitted to the FBI. In
general, a Window Segment record will be generated if the incident
occurred prior to January 1 of the previous year or if the incident
occurred prior to when the agency started NIBRS reporting. As with the
UCR, participation in NIBRS is voluntary on the part of law
enforcement agencies. The data are not a representative sample of
crime in the United States.
Federal Court Cases:  Integrated Data Base Bankruptcy Petitions, 1997

The purpose of this data collection is to provide an
 official public record of the business of the federal bankruptcy
 courts. The data include all petitions filed under the Bankruptcy Code
 in the United States Bankruptcy Courts on or after October 1, 1993,
 and any petitions filed before October 1, 1993, that were still
 pending on that date. The records are organized according to the
 fiscal year of termination with cases still pending at the end
 included in a separate pending data set. For the bankruptcy data, the
unit of analysis is a single case.
National Corrections Reporting Program (NCRP) Series


Investigator(s): Bureau of Justice Statistics
In 1983, the National Prisoners Statistics program, which 
compiled data on prisoner admissions and releases, and the Uniform Parole 
Reports were combined into one reporting system, the National Corrections 
Reporting Program (NCRP). The NCRP evolved from the need to improve and 
consolidate data on corrections at the national level. Its objective was to 
provide a consistent and comprehensive description of prisoners entering and 
leaving the custody or supervision of state and federal authorities. In 
addition to the state prisons, the California Youth Authority reported data from 1984 to 2011. The Federal Bureau of Prisons reported data to NCRP from 1984 to 1996. Federal data are now collected by BJS under the Federal Justice Statistics Program.NACJD has prepared a resource guide for the NCRP Series.
Census of Public and Private Juvenile Detention, Correctional, and Shelter Facilities Series


Investigator(s): Bureau
of Justice Statistics, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention
The Census of Public and Private Juvenile Detention,
Correctional, and Shelter Facilities series (formerly called the
Juvenile Detention and Correctional Facility Census series and also
known as the Children in Custody (CIC) census) was originally designed
and sponsored by the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and
the Bureau of Justice Statistics, and the later studies are sponsored
by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. The
series is conducted by the United States Census Bureau. These data
provide information on the population and characteristics of public
(through 1984-1985) or public and private (1986-1987 and beyond)
juvenile facilities in operation in the United States each
February. Annual data for the previous calendar year are included as
well. Residential programs and group homes were included in the census
if they housed three or more residents, if at least 50 percent of the
residents were juveniles, and if accused or adjudicated delinquents
and status offenders were at least 1 percent of their average daily
population. In California, however, all California Youth Authority
Facilities were included in the census.  Juvenile facilities operated
as part of adult jails were excluded, as were nonresidential
facilities, facilities exclusively for drug or alcohol abusers or
nonoffenders, and federal juvenile correctional
facilities.Years Produced: Annually
National Juvenile Corrections Data Summary
The Office of
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention sponsored three series of
national juvenile corrections data collections:Census
of Public and Private Juvenile Detention, Correctional, and Shelter
Facilities Series,Census
of Juveniles in Residential Placement (CJRP) Series, and
theJuvenile
Residential Facility Census (JRFC) Series.The CJRP
was administered for the first time in 1997. The CJRP replaced the
Census of Public and Private Juvenile Detention, Correctional, and
Shelter Facilities (formerly called the Juvenile Detention and
Correctional Facility Census series and also known as the Children in
Custody (CIC) census), which had been conducted since the early
1970s. The CJRP differs fundamentally from CIC in that the CIC
collected aggregate data on juveniles held in each facility (e.g.,
number of juveniles in the facility) and the CJRP collects an
individual record on each juvenile held in the residential facility to
provide a detailed picture of juveniles in custody. The companion data
collection to CJRP, the JRFC, is designed to collect information about
the facilities in which juvenile offenders are held.ICPSR
merged data from the CJRP
series with data from the JRFC
series. These studies are included in the Matched
Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement (CJRP)/Juvenile
Residential Facility Census (JRFC)
Series.
Capital Punishment in the United States Series


Investigator(s): Bureau of Justice Statistics
These data collections provide annual data on 
prisoners under a sentence of death and on those whose offense sentences 
were commuted or vacated during the years indicated. Information is 
supplied for basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, 
race, ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of 
education, and state of incarceration. Criminal history data include 
prior felony convictions for criminal homicide and legal status at the 
time of the capital offense. Additional information is available for 
inmates removed from death row by yearend of the last year indicated and 
for inmates who were executed. The universe is all inmates on death row 
since 1972 in the United States. The inmate identification numbers were 
assigned by the Bureau of the Census and have no purpose outside these 
data collections.Years Produced: Annually (latest release 
contains all years)NACJD has produced a resource guide on the Capital Punishment in the United States Series.
Annual Survey of Jails Data Series


Investigator(s): Bureau of Justice Statistics
The Annual
Survey of Jails, formerly titled National Survey of Jails, is the only
data collection effort that provides an annual source of data on local
jails and jail inmates. The series was begun in 1982 by the Bureau of
Justice Statistics with data collected by the Bureau of the
Census. Local jails are locally-operated correctional facilities that
confine persons before or after adjudication. Inmates sentenced to
jails usually have a sentence of a year or less, but jails also
incarcerate persons in a wide variety of other categories. Data on the
size of the jail population and selected inmate characteristics are
obtained every five to six years from the Census of Jails. In each of
the years between the full censuses, a sample survey of jails is
conducted to estimate baseline characteristics of the nation's jails
and inmates housed in these jails.  Data are supplied on admissions
and releases, growth in the number of jail facilities, changes in
their rated capacities and level of occupancy, growth in the
population supervised in the community, changes in methods of
community supervision, and crowding issues in state and federal
prisons. The data are intended for a variety of users, including
federal and state agencies, local officials in conjunction with jail
administrators, researchers, planners, and the public.Years
Produced: Annually, except every 5th year when the National
Jail Census is produced.
National Crime Victimization Survey: Identity Theft Supplement, [United States], 2018

The primary purpose of the Identity Theft Supplement (ITS) is to measure the prevalence of identity theft among persons, the characteristics of identity theft victims, and patterns of reporting to the police, credit bureaus, and other authorities. The ITS was also designed to collect important characteristics of identity theft such as how the victim's personal information was obtained; the physical, emotional and financial impact on victims; offender information; and the measures people take to avoid or minimize their risk of becoming an identity theft victim. The information is intended for use by policymakers, academic researchers, practitioners at the Federal, state and local levels, and special interest groups who are concerned with identity theft to make informed decisions concerning policies and programs. Responses are linked to the NCVS survey instrument responses for a more complete understanding of the individual's circumstances.
The 2018 Identity Theft Supplement (ITS) was the fifth implementation of this supplement to the annual NCVS to obtain specific information about identity theft-related victimization on a national level. Since the ITS is a supplement to the NCVS, it is conducted under the authority of title 34, United States Code, section 10132. Only Census employees sworn to preserve confidentiality may see the completed questionnaires.
Federal Justice Statistics Program: Defendants Sentenced Under the Sentencing Reform Act, 2014

These data contain records of criminal defendants who were sentenced pursuant to provisions of the Sentencing Reform Act (SRA) of 1984 and reported to the United States Sentencing Commission (USSC) during fiscal year 2014. It is estimated that over 90 percent of felony defendants in the federal criminal justice system are sentenced pursuant to the SRA of 1984. The data were obtained from the United States Sentencing Commission's Office of Policy Analysis' (OPA) Standardized Research Data File. The Standardized Research Data File consists of variables from the Monitoring Department's database, which is limited to those defendants whose records have been furnished to the USSC by United States district courts and United States magistrates, as well as variables created by the OPA specifically for research purposes. The data include variables from the Judgement and Conviction (J and C) order submitted by the court, background and guideline information collected from the Presentencing Report (PSR), and the report on sentencing hearing in the Statement of Reasons (SOR). These data contain detailed information such as the guideline base offense level, offense level adjustments, criminal history, departure status, statement of reasons given for departure, and basic demographic information. These data are the primary analysis file and include only statute, guideline computation, and adjustment variables for the most serious offense of conviction. These data are part of a series designed by Abt and the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Data and documentation were prepared by Abt.
Federal Justice Statistics Program: Statuses for Counts of Convictions for Defendants Sentenced Under the Sentencing Reform Act, 2014

These data contain records of statutes for each count of conviction for criminal defendants who were sentenced pursuant to provisions of the Sentencing Reform Act (SRA) of 1984 and reported to the United States Sentencing Commission (USSC) during fiscal year 2014. The data are one of two supplementary files that should be used in conjunction with the primary analysis file, which contains records for all defendants sentenced under the guidelines. These data can be linked to the primary analysis file using the unique identifier variable USSCIDN. The number of records for a defendant in the current data corresponds to the total number of counts of conviction for that defendant, and that total is recorded in the NOCOUNT variable. As an example, if a defendant has five counts of conviction (NOCOUNT=5), he or she will have five records in the current data. As it is possible for defendants to have multiple statutes applying to a single count of conviction, up to three statutes (STA1-STA3) are recorded for each count of conviction. The data were obtained from the United States Sentencing Commission's Office of Policy Analysis' (OPA) Standardized Research Data File. These data are part of a series designed by Abt and the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Data and documentation were prepared by Abt.
Law Enforcement Agency Roster (LEAR), 2016

In the past several years, BJS has made efforts to develop a national roster of publicly funded law enforcement agencies. The Census of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies (CSLLEA) represents the core of the BJS's law enforcement statistics program, and is currently used as the primary universe for all BJS law enforcement collections. The CSLLEA was last conducted in 2014 but encountered data collection issues. Since the last law enforcement universe list was the 2008 CSLLEA, BJS decided further work was needed to have a reliable and complete roster of law enforcement agencies. Using the 2008 and 2014 CSLLEA universe as the base, the LEAR integrated multiple datasets in an effort to compile a complete list of active general purpose law enforcement agencies. The goal of the LEAR was to serve as the universe list for which the Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS) core and supplement samples could be pulled. The 2016 LEAR contains a census of 15,810 general purpose law enforcement agencies, including 12,695 local and county police departments, 3,066 sheriffs' offices and 49 primary state police departments. Staffing size from multiple datasets has also been merged into the LEAR file.
National Prisoner Statistics, 1978-2015

The National Prisoner Statistics (NPS) data collection began in 1926 in response to a congressional mandate to gather information on persons incarcerated in state and federal prisons. Originally under the auspices of the United States Census Bureau, the collection moved to the Bureau of Prisons in 1950, and then in 1971 to the National Criminal Justice Information and Statistics Service, the precursor to the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) which was established in 1979. Since 1979, the Census Bureau has been the NPS data collection agent. The NPS is administered to 51 respondents. Before 2001, the District of Columbia was also a respondent, but responsibility for housing the District of Columbia's sentenced prisoners was transferred to the federal Bureau of Prisons, and by yearend 2001 the District of Columbia no longer operated a prison system. The NPS provides an enumeration of persons in state and federal prisons and collects data on key characteristics of the nation's prison population. NPS has been adapted over time to keep pace with the changing information needs of the public, researchers, and federal, state, and local governments.
Federal Court Cases: Integrated Data Base Bankruptcy Petitions, [United States], 2016

In 2008, the Administrative Office of the United States Courts (AOUSC) began implementing the NewSTATS (New Streamline Timely Access to Statistics) Project with respect to bankruptcy data. The project's goals were to modernize the system for collecting, processing, analyzing, and reporting statistics of the federal court system. Based on the records for bankruptcy cases in NewSTATS, a data base for internal use in the Research Division of the Federal Judicial Center has been created. That data base is the Bankruptcy Petition NewSTATS Snapshots [BPNS] Data Base.
Police-Public Contact Survey, 2015


The Police-Public Contact Survey (PPCS) provides detailed information on the nature and
characteristics of face-to-face contacts between police and the public, including the reason for and
outcome of the contact and the respondent's satisfaction with the contact. The data can be used to
estimate the likelihood of different types of contact for residents with different demographic
characteristics, including contacts involving the use of nonfatal force by police. The PPCS
is used to collect data from a nationally representative sample of U.S. residents age 16
or older as a supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey. To date, the PPCS has been
conducted seven times by BJS:

1. 1996. Described in the BJS publication Police Use of Force: Collection of National Data
(NCJ 165040).
2. 1999. Described in Contacts between Police and the Public: Findings from the
1999 National Survey (NCJ 184957). These data are archived as POLICE-PUBLIC CONTACT SURVEY, 1999:
[UNITED STATES] (ICPSR 3151).
3. 2002. Described in Contacts between Police and the Public: Findings from the
2002 National Survey (NCJ 207845). These data are archived as POLICE-PUBLIC CONTACT SURVEY, 2002: [UNITED STATES]
(ICPSR 4273). 
4. 2005. Described in the BJS publication Contacts between
Police and the Public, 2005 (NCJ 215243). These data are archived as POLICE-PUBLIC CONTACT SURVEY, 2005: [UNITED
STATES] (ICPSR 020020).
5. 2008. Described in the BJS publication Contacts between Police and the
Public, 2008 (NCJ 234599). These data are archived as POLICE-PUBLIC CONTACT SURVEY, 2008 (ICPSR 32022).
6. 2011. Split sample design due to instrument changes. New instrument findings described in
two publications: Police Behavior During Traffic and Street Stops, 2011 (NCJ 242937) and Requests for Police Assistance, 2011 (NCJ 242938).
These data are archived as POLICE-PUBLIC CONTACT SURVEY, 2011 (ICPSR 34276).
7. 2015. Described in the BJS publication Contacts between Police and Public, 2015 (NCJ 251145). These data are archived as
POLICE-PUBLIC CONTACT SURVEY, 2015 (ICPSR 36653).
Annual Parole Survey, 2015

The 2015 Annual Parole Survey provides a count of the total number of persons supervised in the community on January 1 and December 31, 2015, and a count of the number entering and leaving supervision during the year. The survey also provides counts of the number of parolees by certain characteristics, such as gender, race and Hispanic or Latino origin, supervision status, and type of offense. This survey covers all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the Federal System.
Annual Probation Survey, 2015

The 2015 Annual Probation Survey provides a count of the total number of persons supervised on probation on January 1 and December 31, 2015, and a count of the number of persons entering and exiting probation supervision during 2015. The survey also provides counts of the number of probationers by certain characteristics, such as gender, race, Hispanic or Latino origin, offense, and supervision status. The survey covers all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the federal system.
Organizations Convicted in Federal Criminal Courts, 2015

These data, collected to assist in the development of
sentencing guidelines, describe offense and sentencing characteristics
for organizations sentenced in federal district courts in 2015. The
United States Sentencing Commission's primary function is to inform
federal courts of sentencing policies and practices that include
guidelines prescribing the appropriate form and severity of punishment
for offenders convicted of federal crimes. Court-related variables
include primary offense type, pecuniary offense loss and gain, dates
of disposition and sentencing, method of determination of guilt,
number of counts pled and charged, and dates and types of sentencing
and restitution. Defendant organization variables include ownership
structure, number of owners and employees, highest level of corporate
knowledge of the criminal offense, highest level of corporate
indictment and conviction for participation in the criminal offense,
annual revenue, equity and financial status, whether it was a criminal
organization, duration of criminal activity, and risk to national
security. Organizational defendants data, 2015, covers fiscal year
October 1, 2014, through September 30, 2015.
Monitoring of Federal Criminal Convictions and Sentences: Appeals Data, 2015

This collection contains appellate information from the 12
circuit courts of appeals of the United States. From the Clerk of the
Court of each court of appeals, the United States Sentencing
Commission compiled the final opinions and orders, both published and
unpublished, in all criminal appeals for the time period surveyed. The
Commission also collected habeas corpus decisions even though they are
technically civil matters, because such cases often involve sentencing
issues. Both the "case" and the "defendant" are used in this
collection as units of analysis. Each case comprises individual
records representing all codefendants participating in a consolidated
appeal. Each defendant's record comprises the sentencing-related
issues corresponding to that particular defendant.