AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Federal Justice Statistics Program: Defendants in Federal Criminal Cases Filed in District Court, 2012

The data contain records of defendants in criminal cases filed in United States District Court during fiscal year 2012. The data were constructed from the Administrative Office of the United States District Courts' (AOUSC) criminal file. Defendants in criminal cases may be either individuals or corporations. There is one record for each defendant in each case filed. Included in the records are data from court proceedings and offense codes for up to five offenses charged at the time the case was filed. (The most serious charge at termination may differ from the most serious charge at case filing, due to plea bargaining or action of the judge or jury.) In a case with multiple charges against the defendant, a "most serious" offense charge is determined by a hierarchy of offenses based on statutory maximum penalties associated with the charges. The data file contains variables from the original AOUSC files as well as additional analysis variables, or "SAF" variables, that denote subsets of the data. These SAF variables are related to statistics reported in the Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics, Tables 4.1-4.5 and 5.1-5.6. Variables containing information (e.g., name, Social Security number) were replaced with blanks, and the day portions of date fields were also sanitized in order to protect the identities of individuals. These data are part of a series designed by the Urban Institute (Washington, DC) and the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Data and documentation were prepared by the Urban Institute.
Federal Court Cases: Integrated Data Base Bankruptcy Petitions, 2008

In 2008, the Administrative Office of the United States Courts (AOUSC) began implementing the NewSTATS (New Streamline Timely Access to Statistics) Project with respect to bankruptcy data. The project's goals were to modernize the system for collecting, processing, analyzing, and reporting statistics of the federal court system. Based on the records for bankruptcy cases in NewSTATS, a data base for internal use in the Research Division of the Federal Judicial Center has been created. That data base is the Bankruptcy Petition NewSTATS Snapshots [BPNS] Data Base.
Federal Justice Statistics Program: Defendants Charged in Criminal Cases Filed in District Court, 2012

The data contain records of defendants in federal criminal cases filed in United States District Court during fiscal year 2012. The data were constructed from the Executive Office for United States Attorneys (EOUSA) Central System file. According to the EOUSA, the United States attorneys conduct approximately 95 percent of the prosecutions handled by the Department of Justice. The Central System data contain variables from the original EOUSA files as well as additional analysis variables, or "SAF" variables, that denote subsets of the data. These SAF variables are related to statistics reported in the Compendium of Federal Justice Statistics. Variables containing identifying information (e.g., name, Social Security Number) were replaced with blanks, and the day portions of date fields were also sanitized in order to protect the identities of individuals. These data are part of a series designed by the Urban Institute (Washington, DC) and the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Data and documentation were prepared by the Urban Institute.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data: Arson, United States, 1983

Since 1930, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has
compiled the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) to serve as periodic
nationwide assessments of reported crimes not available elsewhere in
the criminal justice system. Seven main classifications of crime were
chosen to gauge fluctuations in the overall volume and rate of
crime. These seven classifications that eventually became known as the
Crime Index included the violent crimes of murder and non-negligent
manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault, and the
property crimes of burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft.
By congressional mandate, arson was added as the eighth Index offense
in 1979. Arson is defined as any willful or malicious burning or
attempt to burn, with or without intent to defraud, a dwelling house,
public building, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property of
another, etc. The arson data files include monthly data on the number
of arson offenses reported and the number of offenses cleared by
arrest or other means. The counts include all reports of arson
received from victims, officers who discovered infractions, or other
sources.
Organizations Convicted in Federal Criminal Courts, 2013

These data, collected to assist in the development of
sentencing guidelines, describe offense and sentencing characteristics
for organizations sentenced in federal district courts in 2013. The
United States Sentencing Commission's primary function is to inform
federal courts of sentencing policies and practices that include
guidelines prescribing the appropriate form and severity of punishment
for offenders convicted of federal crimes. Court-related variables
include primary offense type, pecuniary offense loss and gain, dates
of disposition and sentencing, method of determination of guilt,
number of counts pled and charged, and dates and types of sentencing
and restitution. Defendant organization variables include ownership
structure, number of owners and employees, highest level of corporate
knowledge of the criminal offense, highest level of corporate
indictment and conviction for participation in the criminal offense,
annual revenue, equity and financial status, whether it was a criminal
organization, duration of criminal activity, and risk to national
security. Organizational defendants data, 2013, covers fiscal year
October 1, 2012, through September 30, 2013.
Monitoring of Federal Criminal Convictions and Sentences: Appeals Data, 2013

This collection contains appellate information from the 12
circuit courts of appeals of the United States. From the Clerk of the
Court of each court of appeals, the United States Sentencing
Commission compiled the final opinions and orders, both published and
unpublished, in all criminal appeals for the time period surveyed. The
Commission also collected habeas corpus decisions even though they are
technically civil matters, because such cases often involve sentencing
issues. Both the "case" and the "defendant" are used in this
collection as units of analysis. Each case comprises individual
records representing all codefendants participating in a consolidated
appeal. Each defendant's record comprises the sentencing-related
issues corresponding to that particular defendant.
Monitoring of Federal Criminal Sentences, [United States], 2012-2013

This collection contains information on federal criminal cases sentenced under the Sentencing Guidelines and Policy Statements of the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984. The data files include all cases received by the United States Sentencing Commission that had sentencing dates between October 1, 2012, and September 30, 2013, and were assessed as constitutional. Constitutionality compares each case's sentencing date, circuit, district, and judge to provide uniformity in reporting the cases. In 1999, the United States Sentencing Commission added more variables from its databases to this collection, so the data are now provided in two files. Several variables iterate to include multiple occurrences of the same event. Part 1, Main Data, includes all noniterating variables plus the highest occurrences of each iterating variable. Part 2, Supplementary Data, includes the remaining iterations.
Organizations Convicted in Federal Criminal Courts, 2012

These data, collected to assist in the development of
sentencing guidelines, describe offense and sentencing characteristics
for organizations sentenced in federal district courts in 2012. The
United States Sentencing Commission's primary function is to inform
federal courts of sentencing policies and practices that include
guidelines prescribing the appropriate form and severity of punishment
for offenders convicted of federal crimes. Court-related variables
include primary offense type, pecuniary offense loss and gain, dates
of disposition and sentencing, method of determination of guilt,
number of counts pled and charged, and dates and types of sentencing
and restitution. Defendant organization variables include ownership
structure, number of owners and employees, highest level of corporate
knowledge of the criminal offense, highest level of corporate
indictment and conviction for participation in the criminal offense,
annual revenue, equity and financial status, whether it was a criminal
organization, duration of criminal activity, and risk to national
security. Organizational defendants data, 2012, covers fiscal year
October 1, 2011, through September 30, 2012.
Monitoring of Federal Criminal Convictions and Sentences: Appeals Data, 2012

This collection contains appellate information from the 12
circuit courts of appeals of the United States. From the Clerk of the
Court of each court of appeals, the United States Sentencing
Commission compiled the final opinions and orders, both published and
unpublished, in all criminal appeals for the time period surveyed. The
Commission also collected habeas corpus decisions even though they are
technically civil matters, because such cases often involve sentencing
issues. Both the "case" and the "defendant" are used in this
collection as units of analysis. Each case comprises individual
records representing all codefendants participating in a consolidated
appeal. Each defendant's record comprises the sentencing-related
issues corresponding to that particular defendant.
Monitoring of Federal Criminal Sentences, [United States], 2011-2012

This collection contains information on federal criminal cases sentenced under the Sentencing Guidelines and Policy Statements of the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984. The data files include all cases received by the United States Sentencing Commission that had sentencing dates between October 1, 2011, and September 30, 2012, and were assessed as constitutional. Constitutionality compares each case's sentencing date, circuit, district, and judge to provide uniformity in reporting the cases. In 1999, the United States Sentencing Commission added more variables from its databases to this collection, so the data are now provided in two files. Several variables iterate to include multiple occurrences of the same event. Part 1, Main Data, includes all noniterating variables plus the highest occurrences of each iterating variable. Part 2, Supplementary Data, includes the remaining iterations.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data: Property Stolen and Recovered, 2009

The UNIFORM CRIME REPORTING PROGRAM DATA: PROPERTY STOLEN AND RECOVERED,
2009 file (also known as the Supplement to Return A) is collected at the agency level and includes detailed monthly data on the nature of crime and the value and type of property stolen and recovered incident to each crime. The Return A Supplement requires that a value be established for property stolen and recovered in each Crime Index category except aggravated assault. It is designed to record the value of property stolen and recovered in the following eleven classifications: Currency/notes, Jewelry and Precious Metals, Clothing and Furs, Locally Stolen Motor Vehicles, Office Equipment, Televisions/Radios, Firearms, Household Goods, Consumable Goods, Livestock, and Miscellaneous. The determination of the value of property stolen is an obligation of the investigating officer, and such information is essential to assure the completeness of a law enforcement investigative report on stolen property. The data were originally assembled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) from reports submitted by agencies participating in the UCR. The ICPSR file was processed from Return A Supplement files provided by the FBI.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data: Arson, United States, 2009

Since 1930, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has
compiled the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) to serve as periodic
nationwide assessments of reported crimes not available elsewhere in
the criminal justice system. Seven main classifications of crime were
chosen to gauge fluctuations in the overall volume and rate of
crime. These seven classifications that eventually became known as the
Crime Index included the violent crimes of murder and non-negligent
manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault, and the
property crimes of burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft.
By congressional mandate, arson was added as the eighth Index offense
in 1979. Arson is defined as any willful or malicious burning or
attempt to burn, with or without intent to defraud, a dwelling house,
public building, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property of
another, etc. The arson data files include monthly data on the number
of arson offenses reported and the number of offenses cleared by
arrest or other means. The counts include all reports of arson
received from victims, officers who discovered infractions, or other
sources.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data: Supplementary Homicide Reports, 2009

Since 1930, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has compiled the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) to serve as a periodic nationwide assessment of reported crimes not available elsewhere in the criminal justice system. Each year, this information is reported in four types of files: (1) Offenses Known and Clearances by Arrest, (2) Property Stolen and Recovered, (3) Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR), and (4) Police Employee (LEOKA) Data. The Supplementary Homicide Reports provide incident-based information on criminal homicides reported to the police. These homicides consist of murders, non-negligent manslaughter, and justifiable homicides. The data, provided monthly by UCR agencies, contain information describing the victim of the homicide, the offender, and the relationship between victim and offender.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data: Offenses Known and Clearances by Arrest, 2009

Since 1930, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has
compiled the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) to serve as periodic
nationwide assessments of reported crimes not available elsewhere in
the criminal justice system. Law enforcement agencies contribute
reports either directly or through their state reporting programs.
Each year, summary data are reported in four types of files: (1)
Offenses Known and Clearances by Arrest, (2) Property Stolen and
Recovered, (3) Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR), and (4) Police
Employee (LEOKA) Data. The Offenses Known and Clearances by Arrest
data files include monthly data on the number of Crime Index offenses
reported and the number of offenses cleared by arrest or other means.
The counts include all reports of Index crimes (excluding arson)
received from victims, officers who discovered infractions, or other
sources.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data [United States]: Police Employee (LEOKA) Data, 2009

Since 1930, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has compiled the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) to serve as a periodic nationwide assessment of reported crimes not available elsewhere in the criminal justice system. Each year, this information is reported in four types of files: (1) Offenses Known and Clearances by Arrest, (2) Property Stolen and Recovered, (3) Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR), and (4) Police Employee (LEOKA) Data. The Police Employee (LEOKA) Data provide information about law enforcement officers killed or assaulted (hence the acronym, LEOKA) in the line of duty. The variables created from the LEOKA forms provide in-depth information on the circumstances surrounding killings or assaults, including type of call answered, type of weapon used, and type of patrol the officers were on.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data: Hate Crime Data, 2009 [Record-Type Files]

In response to a growing concern about hate crimes, the
United States Congress enacted the Hate Crime Statistics Act of
1990. The Act requires the attorney general to establish guidelines
and collect, as part of the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program,
data "about crimes that manifest evidence of prejudice based on race,
religion, sexual orientation, or ethnicity, including where
appropriate the crimes of murder and non-negligent manslaughter,
forcible rape, aggravated assault, simple assault, intimidation,
arson, and destruction, damage or vandalism of property." Hate crime
data collection was required by the Act to begin in calendar year 1990
and to continue for four successive years. In September 1994, the
Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act amended the Hate Crime
Statistics Act to add disabilities, both physical and mental, as
factors that could be considered a basis for hate crimes. Although the
Act originally mandated data collection for five years, the Church
Arson Prevention Act of 1996 amended the collection duration "for each
calendar year," making hate crime statistics a permanent addition to
the UCR program. As with the other UCR data, law enforcement agencies
contribute reports either directly or through their state reporting
programs. Information contained in the data includes number of victims
and offenders involved in each hate crime incident, type of victims,
bias motivation, offense type, and location type.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data: County-Level Detailed Arrest and Offense Data, United States, 2009

This data collection contains county-level counts of
arrests and offenses for Part I offenses (murder, rape, robbery,
aggravated assault, burglary, larceny, auto theft, and arson) and
counts of arrests for Part II offenses (forgery, fraud, embezzlement,
vandalism, weapons violations, sex offenses, drug and alcohol abuse
violations, gambling, vagrancy, curfew violations, and runaways).
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data: Arrests by Age, Sex, and Race, Summarized Yearly, United States, 2009

These data provide information on the number of arrests
reported to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime
Reporting (UCR) Program each year by police agencies in the United
States. These arrest reports provide data on 43 offenses including
violent crime, drug use, gambling, and larceny. The data received by
ICPSR were structured as a hierarchical file containing, per reporting
police agency: an agency header record, and 1 to 43 detail offense
records containing the counts of arrests by age, sex, and race for a
particular offense. ICPSR restructured the original data to logical
record length format with the agency header record variables copied
onto the detail records. Consequently, each record contains arrest
counts for a particular agency-offense.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data: Arrests by Age, Sex, and Race, United States, 2009

These data provide information on the number of arrests
reported to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime
Reporting (UCR) Program each year by police agencies in the United
States. These arrest reports provide data on 43 offenses including
violent crime, drug use, gambling, and larceny. The data received by
ICPSR were structured as a hierarchical file containing (per reporting
police agency) an agency header record, 1 to 12 monthly header
records, and 1 to 43 detail offense records containing the counts of
arrests by age, sex, and race for a particular offense. ICPSR
restructured the original data to a rectangular format.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data [United States]: Hate Crime Data, 1994 [Record-Type Files]

In response to a growing concern about hate crimes, the
United States Congress enacted the Hate Crime Statistics Act of
1990. The Act requires the attorney general to establish guidelines
and collect, as part of the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program,
data "about crimes that manifest evidence of prejudice based on race,
religion, sexual orientation, or ethnicity, including where
appropriate the crimes of murder and non-negligent manslaughter,
forcible rape, aggravated assault, simple assault, intimidation,
arson, and destruction, damage or vandalism of property." Hate crime
data collection was required by the Act to begin in calendar year 1990
and to continue for four successive years. In September 1994, the
Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act amended the Hate Crime
Statistics Act to add disabilities, both physical and mental, as
factors that could be considered a basis for hate crimes. Although the
Act originally mandated data collection for five years, the Church
Arson Prevention Act of 1996 amended the collection duration "for each
calendar year," making hate crime statistics a permanent addition to
the UCR program. As with the other UCR data, law enforcement agencies
contribute reports either directly or through their state reporting
programs. Information contained in the data includes number of victims
and offenders involved in each hate crime incident, type of victims,
bias motivation, offense type, and location type.
Uniform Crime Reporting Program Data [United States]: Hate Crime Data, 1995 [Record-Type Files]

In response to a growing concern about hate crimes, the
United States Congress enacted the Hate Crime Statistics Act of
1990. The Act requires the attorney general to establish guidelines
and collect, as part of the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program,
data "about crimes that manifest evidence of prejudice based on race,
religion, sexual orientation, or ethnicity, including where
appropriate the crimes of murder and non-negligent manslaughter,
forcible rape, aggravated assault, simple assault, intimidation,
arson, and destruction, damage or vandalism of property." Hate crime
data collection was required by the Act to begin in calendar year 1990
and to continue for four successive years. In September 1994, the
Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act amended the Hate Crime
Statistics Act to add disabilities, both physical and mental, as
factors that could be considered a basis for hate crimes. Although the
Act originally mandated data collection for five years, the Church
Arson Prevention Act of 1996 amended the collection duration "for each
calendar year," making hate crime statistics a permanent addition to
the UCR program. As with the other UCR data, law enforcement agencies
contribute reports either directly or through their state reporting
programs. Information contained in the data includes number of victims
and offenders involved in each hate crime incident, type of victims,
bias motivation, offense type, and location type.
Executions in the United States, 1608-1940: The ESPY File -- Summary Data of Executions Collected by M. Watt Espy Between 1986 and 1996

This collection consists of four summary variables based on new data collected by M. Watt Espy between 1986 and 1996 after he corrected and updated the data in 1992. See the related collection, EXECUTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1608-2002: THE ESPY FILE (ICPSR 8451). The summary variables consist of the ethnicity of the executed, the state, territory, district or colony of execution, the decade of execution, and the geographical region of execution. They were complete as of March 1, 1996.