AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Petrotectonic study of the Teslin suture zone, Yukon: A progress report

The Teslin suture zone (TSZ) forms the fundamental boundary between rocks deposited along the ancient margin of North America and allochthonous terranes to the west. Both North American and allochthonous rocks were ductilely deformed and concurrently metamorphosed under upper greenschist to amphibolite facies conditions at temperatures of 450-650°C and pressures greater than or equal to 6 kbars, probably during Late Triassic to mid-Jurassic time. North-northwest-striking foliation dips steeply in the western portion of the TSZ, but flattens to the east in North American autochthonous rocks.

The TSZ in the combined eastern Laberge/western Quit Lake map area is divisible into three distinct elongate structural domains parallel to the NNW-trending TSZ. Domains are identified by the distribution of differently oriented stretching lineations, Le1 and Le2, which formed during non-coaxial ductile deformation, and their associated "motion planes." Le1 trends westward and plunges down dip, whereas Le2 trends NNW-SSE and plunges shallowly. Le1 and Le2 are associated with the same mineral assemblages and formed under similar metamorphic conditions. Silicate mineral assemblages record temperatures up to 625°C, and pressures to 8 kbars; carbonate assemblages record temperatures in the range 350-500°C. The difference in temperature suggested by these assemblages may reflect lower temperatures of ductile flow and recrystallization in carbonate rocks.

Elongate lensoidal domains of Le1 are separated from each other by narrower NNW-trending zones of Le2, forming a regional-scale anastomosing shear zone. Two western domains of Le1 chiefly comprise allochthonous rocks, or rocks of uncertain affinity; however, the eastern domain comprises North American autochthonous rocks, previously considered to be unaffected by TSZ metamorphism and deformation. Macroscopic and microscopic kinematic indicators consistently record right-lateral or top-to-the-north movement parallel to Le2. Kinematics associated with Le1 are more complex. To the west, kinematic indicators record west-side-down (normal) movement parallel to Le1; elsewhere, both reverse and normal movement are recorded. Field relations suggest Le1 began forming earlier than Le2, followed by a period during which both Le1 and Le2 formed, and ended with movement parallel only to Le2. These geometries and movement histories indicate that rocks of the TSZ and structurall associated autochthonous rocks record a history of right-lateral transpression along this portion of the North American margin during Triassic-Jurassic time. Movement consisted of early tectonic shortening at a high angle to the ancient margin, followed by a period of right-lateral translation approximately parallel to the Mesozoic margin of western North America.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Surficial geology, Old Crow, Yukon, parts of NTS 116O/12

Local-scale surficial geology mapping was completed as part of a community hazards mapping program coordinated by the Northern Climate ExChange (Yukon Research Centre, Yukon College). This program assesses potential landscape hazards under changing future conditions by incorporating a variety of data sets, including surficial geology, topography (slope and aspect), permafrost distribution, site-specific permafrost data (e.g. ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography and borehole data), analyses of past hydrological and climatological trends, and future climate projections. The surficial geology map describes surface landscape features, sediment texture, genetic material, surface expression and geomorphological processes. Detailed descriptions of local surficial geology and hazard analysis methodology are presented in the accompanying report. The accompanying landscape hazard classification map identifies existing and potential geological hazards such as landslides, permafrost stability and flooding; the hazard map is presented in stoplight colours to provide an intuitive tool for community decision makers aiming to incorporate an adaptation planning framework into existing land use management practices.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
The setting of the volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits in the Finlayson lake district

The definition of regionally extensive stratigraphy in deformed and metamorphosed rocks of the Yukon-Tanana Terrane in the Finlayson Lake district allows the recognition of at least three mineralized horizons. They are:: a Lower horizon in chlorite schist of unit 2 close to the contact with overlying carbonaceous phyllite of unit 3; a Middle horizon in felsic meta-volcanic rocks of unit 3; and an Upper horizon in pillowed mafic volcanic rocks of the Campbell Range belt. The lower horizon hosts the Fyre Lake deposit. The Kudz Ze Kayah deposit and probably the deposits near Wolverine Lake are in the Middle horizon. The Upper horizon hosts the Money deposit.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Stratigraphic affinity of late Neoproterozoic limestone in the vicinity of Tillei and McPherson lakes, 105H/13, 14, southeastern Yukon

The area around Tillei and McPherson lakes includes extensive exposure of a relatively thick, late Neoproterozoic limestone. The limestone is lithologically similar to the Espee Formation of the Ingenika Group, but is in geological continuity with the Hyland Group. The Hyland and Ingenika groups are age-equivalent sequences that were in close proximity before they were separated by Cenozoic dextral displacement on the Tintina fault. The area may therefore contain evidence for stratigraphic linkages between the two groups. The limestone is interpreted to have been deposited in a high-standing region outboard of the Hyland Group type-area. Further work is required to determine the extent to which late Neoproterozoic paleobathymetry aligns with Paleozoic platform/basin margins.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Stratigraphy and alteration of the White Channel gravel at Dago Hill, a progress report, Klondike area, Yukon

The high level bench gravels of the Klondike region were first described by R.G. McConnell. He divided the gravels into two formations; the older and stratigraphically lower White Channel gravel, and the younger Klondike or high level river gravel. The White Channel gravel occurs on bedrock benches composed of metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks, and is usually 50 to 100 metres above present day stream courses. McConnell further subdivided the White Channel gravel into interbedded white and yellow gravel units. This suggests contemporaneous deposition, with the white gravel unit containing important concentrations of placer gold.

A distinct alteration zone is recognized in White Channel clastic sediments at Dago Hill. Templeman-Kluit suggested that increased gold values at the White Channel gravel and bedrock contact were directly linked to the alteration of the gravel and bedrock. This idea prompted a study by the authors during the summer of 1983 to determine the relationship (if any) of the alteration zones to the deposition of gold.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Preliminary report on the bedrock geology of Castle Mountain area, Yukon (parts of NTS 105D/6)

Carbonate strata of the Cambrian to Devonian Bouvette Formation underlies the Castle Mountain area in central Yukon. Locally, within the Bouvette Formation, calcareous, fossiliferous clastic rocks are interstratified with volcaniclastic and volcanic rocks. The volcanic rocks are inferred to be post-early Silurian based on preliminary fossil ages of graptolites found in underlying limestone. I propose extensional tectonism temporarily disrupted carbonate platform development in the early Silurian in this area. Crustal extension resulted in normal faulting and local subsidence. Thermal uplift, related to underplating of igneous bodies, resulted in subaerial exposure and subsequent erosion of chert, carbonate and volcanic rocks. Basins and slopes (areas between thermally uplifted blocks and subsiding areas) collected material eroding from exposed strata and volcanic rocks deposited during eruptions.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
2010–11 Supplementary estimates no. 3

Supplementary estimates no. 3 for the Government of Yukon 2010–11 Budget. 
This document was prepared by the Department of Finance under the direction of Management Board for the 1st Session of the 33rd Legislature, Yukon Legislative Assembly. December 2011, Whitehorse, Yukon.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Exploring the link between organic matter and Carlin-type gold mineralization: new insights from Yukon deposits

The link between organic matter and gold in sediment-hosted Carlin-type deposits is controversial. This study aims to tackle this potential link by documenting the occurrence of organic matter in a single borehole from a Carlin-type gold deposit in Yukon and byconsidering, in a preliminary way, the spatial and/or temporal relationship between organic matter and gold mineralization. The sedimentary succession hosting the Conrad deposit was relatively rich in organic matter, possibly related to Archea. Despite the high maturation of samples, the totalorganic carbon (TOC) content of the limestone unit averages 1.31 wt. % (maximum = 3.18 wt. %). Petrographic observations indicate that pore and fracture filling pyrobitumen is the dominant organic matter maceral in the studied samples. This type of pyrobitumen was matured after its emplacement,indicating that hydrocarbon fluids cannot have served as an agent for gold transport. Pyrobitumen disseminated in the rock or associated with stylolites are also documented. The correlation between TOC and Tl (the best proxy for Au) for selected samples and the high As content of pyrobitumen fillingpores may suggest a link between organic matter content and gold deposition, but this was not demonstrated by LA-ICP-MS micro-scale mapping. This study also highlights the challenges of establishing a direct spatial relationship between 'invisible' gold and very small (< 10 µm) pyrobitumenparticles.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
The geometry and kinematic history of Cordilleran deformation at the Howard’s Pass shale-hosted massive sulphide deposit, Yukon: 1st year progress report

The shale-hosted massive sulphide Zn-Pb deposits of Howard’s Pass were deposited during the Silurian and subsequently deformed during the Cretaceous Cordilleran orogeny. A recent model proposes that the deposits are hosted within a regional thrust duplex with strong transposition of bedding. This study aims to test this model and is focused on the XY group of deposits. Lithostratigraphic mapping and structural observations indicate one main phase of folding, F1, and the XY group of deposits is located on the southern limb of a macroscopic F1 syncline. F1 folds are steeply inclined and gently plunging to the WNW–NW. A regionally developed, steep, NE dipping, cleavage, S1, is axial planar to the F1 folds across Howard’s Pass. S1 manifests as a slaty cleavage comprising pervasively developed dissolution seams. WNW and NNE striking extensional faults overprint F1 folds. No shear fabrics or evidence for transposition of bedding were identified.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Regional stream sediment geochemical data, Watson Lake area, southeastern Yukon (NTS 095D and 105A)

This data package contains results for parts of the Watson Lake area (NTS 095A and 105A). This information has been provided in a variety of digital formats. PDF files include survey descriptions and details regarding methods, analytical data listings and summary statistics. Raw digital data of original field and analytical information plus new reanalysis results are included in Microsoft®Excel (XLS) format.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Yukon Geological Survey 2023 overview

This paper provides a high-level overview of the Yukon Geological Survey’s (YGS) activities in 2023. Several of the projects described here are presented in more detail in the 2023 Yukon Exploration and Geology technical papers volume. References to these are included where applicable.

The YGS had a challenging year in 2023. Wildfires and landslides punctuated the field season, disrupting field plans for some, and requiring work priorities to be adapted. Additionally, the survey had six staff members leave and two others were on extended absences, which had an impact on operations. Despite a reduced capacity, YGS staff continued to deliver on projects and fill client requests for information. Recruitment efforts are underway and YGS anticipates seeing growth in the coming year.

Looking forward, 2024 marks the start of the survey’s next five-year planning cycle. The YGS has started preparing for discussions among staff, research partners and clients about knowledge gaps and emerging needs. Readers are welcome to reach out and share their project ideas or suggest ways to improve on data delivery.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Geology of the Takhanne River (NTS 115A/2) and Kluhini River (115A/7) map areas, southwest Yukon

Bedrock mapping of the Takhanne River (NTS 115A/2) and Kluhini River (NTS 115A/7) map areas in southwest Yukon extends previous mapping of the Coast plutonic complex from the Haines Junction area south to the British Columbia border. The area is characterized by deformed and metamorphosed rocks of the Yukon-Tanana terrane and other Paleozoic to Mesozoic rocks that occur as roof pendants within the Paleocene Ruby Range plutonic suite. Yukon-Tanana rocks appear to be thrust over the Paleozoic to Mesozoic rocks to the west, possibly during Late Cretaceous shortening. Metamorphic mineral assemblages indicate a southwest decrease in metamorphic grade with rocks of the Yukon-Tanana terrane showing P-T conditions of 635-655oC and 6.3-7.9 kbar and rocks in the southernmost part of the study area exhibiting relatively low (~3.5-4 kbar) pressures related to intrusion of the Ruby Range suite. The regional stratigraphic relationships of the Paleozoic to Mesozoic rocks in the study area are not well constrained. They may be related to one of three regionally significant units: 1) the Jura-Cretaceous Dezadeash Formation; 2) the Triassic and older Bear Creek assemblage; or 3) the Kluane schist.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
2014–15 Supplementary estimates no. 1

Supplementary estimates no. 1 for the Government of Yukon 2014–15 Budget. 
This document was prepared by the Department of Finance under the direction of Management Board for the 1st Session of the 33rd Legislature, Yukon Legislative Assembly. October 2014, Whitehorse, Yukon.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Geology of the Flex gold-silver vein system, Mount Nansen area, Yukon

The Flex Gold-Silver deposit is a multiple vein epithermal system found within the Mount Nansen precious metal trend. High-grade gold and silver values are associated with north-northwesterly trending, sulphide-rich quartz veins that infill structures associated with regional shearing. BYG has stripped and mapped the deposit to prepare advanced exploration and mining design plans.

The mineralization is typically epithermal with extensive wall rock alteration including argillic and phyllic zones. Gold - silver values occur with sulphide-rich quartz veins, breccia veins, and silicified zones. Gold values up to 34 grams per tonne and silver values up to 1416 grams per tonne were obtained from the sulphide-rich veins.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Geological, Geochemical and Geophysical Exploration for Diamonds in Yukon

The world production of diamonds in 1990 was more than 100 million carats (metric carats, or CM; 1 carat = 0.2 grams), compared to 75 million in 1985, and 15 million in 1950. This represents a more than 14% per year growth rate. The value of 1990 production was about US$4.5 billion (1992 US$), and diamond is the fourth-ranked commodity in the world in terms of value, after Fe, Au, Cu, and Zn. Primary sources of diamonds are the mantle-derived igneous rocks eclogite and peridotite, brought to the surface by rare ultrabasic magmas, kimberlite and lamproite being the most common. Secondary diamond deposits, such as the marine deposits of southwest Africa, are derived from primary sources by weathering processes that acted for several million years to transport and concentrate diamonds at favourable localities.

Of approximately 5,000 known kimberlites world-wide, fewer than 50 are or have been mined successfully. There have been fewer than 15 major producers (more than 3 million carats/year), with only 6 major discoveries made in the last 50 years. The Point Lake pipe, the first discovered in the Lac De Gras kimberlite field in Canada's Northwest Territories, is potentially another major poducing pipe. The Point Lake discovery is a clear success story in diamond exploration, and as such, it is given a brief review here. As the surrounding kimberlite field is still undergoing exploration, the information available is incomplete, and estimates of the importance of diamond deposits are preliminary. However, initial results at the time of writing indicate strong potential for one or several diamond mines to be developed in the Northwest Territories.

Why explore for diamonds in North America?
- North America has the largest craton and stable platform area in the world.
- Relative to Siberia and South Africa, hundreds of kimberlites remain to be discovered.
- North America is underexplored for diamonds.
- Large gem diamonds have been found as alluvials in North America.
- Several areas are known to have favourable mineral chemistry.
- Operating costs of open-pit kimberlite mines are very low.
- Capital costs are similar to other mines; tailings are non-acid generating, and no strong chemicals are used during extraction.
- Transport costs for final products are negligible.
- Diamond prices generally increase at a level that keeps pace or exceeds inflation.
- The occasional large diamond found during production can be regarded as a bonus (a 100-carat flawless gem can be sold for about US$1.7 million).

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Multisensor airborne geophysical survey, Stewart River area, 115O/10

Data were acquired during the second phase of an airborne geophysical survey (gamma ray spectrometer, magnetometer) carried out by Fugro. Funding was provided by Natural Resources Canada's Targeted Geoscience Initiative. The survey was completed between July 18 and September 28, 2001.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
2020–21 Supplementary estimates no. 2

Prepared by the Department of Finance under the direction of Management Board.
1st Session of the 35th Legislature
Yukon Legislative Assembly
May 2021
Whitehorse, Yukon

The 34th Legislative Assembly was dissolved on March 12, 2021. You can find budget bills tabled prior to the 2021 territorial election on the Yukon Legislative Assembly website.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Quaternary, structural and engineering geology of the Aishihik River landslide, Cracker Creek area (NTS 115A/15), Yukon

The Aishihik River landslide is a prehistoric slope failure located on a southwest-facing slope of the Ruby Range along the Alaska Highway. The failed mass consists of gneissic material from the Kluane metamorphic assemblage. Shoreline sediments from glacial lake Champagne were deposited on top of the landslide debris, suggesting that the slope failure occurred after the ice retreat but before the Dezadeash valley drained. Three dominant discontinuity sets were recognized and correlated to the fracturing associated with the formation of the Ruby Range antiform. Rock engineering classification and laboratory tests suggest that the rock mass present in the headscarp of the failure is of lower quality than on its sidescarps. This rock mass degradation was attributed to two intersecting fault sets at the headscarp. Tension cracks and trenches are present on all sides of the slope failure. Exposed soil and disturbed vegetation observed in trenches suggest continued instability.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
The Scheelite Dome gold project, central Yukon

La Teko Resources Ltd. acquired the Scheelite Dome gold property from Kennecott Canada Exploration Inc. in 1998. Kennecott had explored the central Yukon property since 1994. The strongly deformed Yusezyu Formation of the Upper Proterozoic-Lower Cambrian Hyland Group underlies the property and is intruded by unfoliated mid-Cretaceous granitic stocks, dykes and sills of the Tombstone Plutonic Suite (TPS). Vein-type (both metasediment- and granite-hosted), skarn and replacement mineralization on the property is associated with the TPS intrusives.

Mapping, trenching and drilling by Kennecott identified numerous structurally controlled metasediment-hosted zones of mineralization within an east-west 3.5 km by 1.4 km > 40 ppb, gold soil anomaly. In 1997, a 13 hole 1052 m reverse circulation drill program tested the gold soil anomaly with the two best holes returning weighted averages of 0.48 g/t gold over 29 m (RC97-4) and 0.41 g/t gold over 61 m (RC97-11). In 1998, a seven hole 1268 m diamond drill program by La Teko tested targets defined using a combination of soil and rock gold anomalies, geological structures and chargeability and resistivity anomalies. Results included intersections of 1.04 g/t gold over 14.9 m, 1.07 g/t gold over 12.1 m, and 3.67 g/t gold over 7.7 m.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Placer geology and prospective exploration targets of Sixtymile River area, west-central Yukon

Sixtymile River alluvial deposits can be subdivided into four main types, on the basis of age and physiographic setting. These are pre-Reid and older; interglacial (prior to the McConnell glacial episode); modern (Holocene); and technogenic. All deposit types are placer-gold-bearing, and historically the most placer gold has been produced from modern (Holocene) deposits, followed by pre-Reid and older, interglacial, and finally, technogenic deposits.
Prospective placer gold exploration targets still exist and include 1) pre-Reid and older buried abandoned channels; 2) interglacial buried and/or abandoned alluvial terraces; 3) modern (Holocene) alluvial channels and gulches; and 4) technogenic deposits. Various exploration techniques can be used to evaluate these targets including airphoto interpretation, seismic and ground-penetrating radar surveys, electrical resistivity and magnetometer surveys, auger and reverse circulation drilling, and bulk sampling.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
2016–17 Supplementary estimates no. 1

Supplementary estimates no. 1 for the Government of Yukon 2016–17 Budget. 
This document was prepared by the Department of Finance under the direction of Management Board for the 2nd Session of the 34th Legislature, Yukon Legislative Assembly. April 2017, Whitehorse, Yukon.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Yukon Exploration and Geology 1993

Yukon Exploration and Geology 1993 consists of three parts: Part A is a comprehensive overview of mining and exploration activity in the Yukon; Part B summarizes the activities of Government agencies which provide technical and financial assistance to the Yukon mining and exploration industries; and Part C documents new geological information gathered by Canada/Yukon Geoscience office geologists.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon