AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Revised geological map of Mount Nansen area (NTS 115I/3 and part of 115I/2)

This map presents a compilation and re-interpretation of the bedrock geology in the Mount Nansen area. The Mount Nansen porphyry district is herein defined as the area of historic placer gold and hard rock gold-silver production centred on the headwaters of the East Fork of Nansen Creek. The majority of MINFILE occurrences in the district are within a 12 x 6 km, northwest elongate area (Hart and Langdon, 1997) shown at 1:20 000 on sheet 2. In the northwestern part of the district, vein and porphyry mineralization was related to Late Cretaceous porphyritic rocks of the Casino and Prospector Mountain suites. Mineralization in the southeastern part of the district appears to have been primarily related to Early Cretaceous porphyritic dikes and plugs.

Our mapping is combined with previously undigitized 1:30 000 (published at 1:50 0000) bedrock mapping. Geochronological data are from this study, Lee (2021) and the Yukon geochronology database (YGS, 2020b). The location of approximately 20 samples in YGS (2020b) were modified based on field checks and location notes in the database; geochronological samples which could not be confidently located are omitted.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Developing a new method to identify previously unrecognized geochemical and morphological complexity in placer gold deposits in western Yukon.

Placer gold is a notable resource in the western Yukon; however, identification of the lode sources feeding these placer deposits has been difficult. Previous studies have used electron microprobe (EMP) and manual morphological analyses of gold grains with some success to define source-mineralization-style areas, but have not been able to accurately predict lode locations. This study utilizes EMP in conjunction with a new method for morphological analysis based on semiautomated digital image analysis to re-examine this problem. Examination of a sample suite collected over the entire Klondike goldfields area demonstrates that there is significant complexity in Yukon placer gold deposits that has not previously been recognized. Confronting this complexity using a statistical approach based on this new shape analysis method, EMP and a planned future laser ablation mass spectroscopy study will hopefully produce a method for locating lode gold sources.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Financial Administration Manual

The purposes of this manual are to:

1. explain the government’s overall financial processes in broad terms and the reasons for those processes;
2. provide direction to the various departments and agencies of the government such that detailed interdepartmental/agency financial policies and procedures can be developed from a common and consistent base;
3. provide common financial policies that must be adhered to by all government departments and agencies (subject to exclusion by legislation or Management Board Directive).

Published by the [Department of Finance](https://yukon.ca/en/department-finance).

### See also

- [General Administration Manual (GAM): Volume 1](https://open.yukon.ca/information/general-administration-manual-gam-volume-1)
- [General Administration Manual (GAM): Volume 2](https://open.yukon.ca/information/general-administration-manual-volume-2)

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Quaternary sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Mayo region, Yukon Territory

Sedimentological analysis of Quaternary sediments along the Stewart River near Mayo, central Yukon Territory, is used to determine the environmental history of the region. Thirteen sedimentary facies are defined and interpreted. Seven stratigraphic units are interpreted from these facies and they form five informal chronostratigraphic intervals: interglacial, proglacial, glacial, immediate postglacial and Holocene.

A copy of this thesis is available at the EMR library – QE696.C376 1993.
This thesis is available online at https://doi.org/10.7939/R3222RG09.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotope signature of Carboniferous and older strata of the Yukon-Tanana terrane in Yukon, Canadian Cordillera: Implications for terrane correlations and the onset of Late Devonian arc magmatism

The Yukon-Tanana terrane in Yukon, Canada, records Late Devonian (ca. 366–360 Ma) rifting and the onset of latest Devonian–Carboniferous arc and back-arc magmatism (ca. 360–325 Ma) in the Northern Cordillera. Detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotope analyses indicate that the metasedimentary basement of the Yukon-Tanana terrane was sourced in northwestern Laurentia. Sandstones in Late Devonian–Carboniferous successions generally have robust Late Devonian–Mississippian age peaks, and their Hf isotope signatures are characterized by strongly negative εHft values in Late Devonian zircons followed by progressively more juvenile εHft values in Carboniferous zircons. This Hf isotopic “pull-up” reflects the melting of Precambrian crust related to regional extension in the Late Devonian, followed by progressively more juvenile magmatism as the arc matured through the Carboniferous.

Paleozoic rocks of the Tracy Arm terrane in southeastern Alaska, USA (formerly Yukon-Tanana south), have been compared with the Yukon-Tanana terrane in Yukon. Detrital zircons from the metasedimentary basement to the Tracy Arm terrane have distinct Precambrian populations that indicate sources along a different segment of the Laurentian margin compared to basement of the Yukon-Tanana terrane. Magmatism in the Tracy Arm terrane ranges from 440 Ma to 360 Ma and is characterized by an Hf isotopic “pull-down” in the Silurian to Early Devonian, followed by a “pull-up” in the Middle to Late Devonian and a second “pull-down” in the Late Devonian to early Mississippian. Thus, the Yukon-Tanana and Tracy Arm terranes record distinct pre-Carboniferous histories. Interactions between these two terranes are suggested by the influx of exotic early Mississippian clasts and detrital zircons on the Tracy Arm terrane that match sources in the Yukon-Tanana terrane.

This paper is available via open access. You can also contact the Yukon Geological Survey (geology@gov.yk.ca) for a copy of this paper.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Sedimentology, stratigraphy and source rock potential of the Richthofen formation (Jurassic), northern Whitehorse Trough, Yukon

Whitehorse Trough is a frontier basin in south-central Yukon that is thought to contain gas and possibly oil. It formed in the early Triassic as an arc-marginal basin between the ancient North American margin to the east and the volcano-plutonic Stikine Terrane to the west. Three stratigraphic units, termed the Lewes River Group (Upper Triassic), the Laberge Group (Lower-Middle Jurassic) and the Tantalus Formation (Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous), are recognized in the Whitehorse Trough. The Laberge Group is informally subdivided into four units, which, from the base upwards includes the Richthofen, Conglomerate, Nordenskiold and Tanglefoot formations. The Richthofen formation in the Laberge map area (NTS 105E) is characterized by thin- to mediumbedded turbidites, massive sandstone, matrix- and clast-supported conglomerate, scarce ammonites and belemnites, and abundant trace fossils, particularly Chondrites. No comprehensive stratigraphic section exists for the Richthofen formation, but it is estimated to be at least 500 m thick and appears to consist of a lower clast-supported conglomerate unit, a middle unit dominated by thin- to-medium bedded turbidites with minor amounts of massive sandstone and clast- and matrix-supported conglomerate, and an upper clast-supported conglomerate unit. The Richthofen formation unconformably overlies the Lewes River Group and was deposited by a southeast-prograding submarine fan (or fans) during the Early Jurassic. It is correlative with the Inklin Formation in northwestern British Columbia. Programmed pyrolysis using Rock-Eval 6 analysis of 63 samples from the Richthofen formation indicates that it is a poor to fair source rock and is gas-prone.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
The Proterozoic Pinguicula Group: Stratigraphy, contact relationships and possible correlations

The Pinguicula Group is a Proterozoic succession of clastic and carbonate rocks exposed in the Wernecke Mountains of northern Yukon. The strata were deposited with angular unconformity on the Wernecke Supergroup following the Racklan orogeny and emplacement of the Hart River sills. Two contact relationships have been resolved in the 2009 field season. The first, a 1.38 Ga dike previously thought to crosscut unit A, has instead been recognized to crosscut the underlying Wernecke Supergroup strata. This relationship is significant because it once again places the lower age limit of the Pinguicula Group into question and may reposition the Pinguicula Group within the history of geologic events. Secondly, the previously undefined contact relationship between units B and C has been identified as a gradational contact confirming the placement of unit C within the Pinguicula Group. In addition, preliminary data collected from the western Ogilvie Mountains draws similarities between units PR1 and PR2 of the lower Fifteenmile Group and units A, B and C of the Pinguicula Group. Although preliminary results from the 2009 field season have resolved some of the unknowns surrounding the Pinguicula Group, they have also raised more questions.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Geology of the Wolverine polymetallic volcanic-hosted massive sulphide deposit, Finlayson Lake district, Yukon Territory, Canada

The Wolverine polymetallic volcanic-hosted massive sulphide deposit occurs in a highly deformed but coherent stratigraphic succession of early Mississippian to early Permian metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks of the Yukon-Tanana Terrane. The deposit is part of the emerging Finlayson Lake volcanic-hosted massive sulphide district and contains a geological resource of 6,237,000 tonnes grading 12.66% zinc, 1.33% copper, 1.55% lead, 370.9 g/t silver and 1.76 g/t gold. Local stratigraphy consists of four major units including (from oldest to youngest): (1) quartz-and feldspar-phyric volcaniclastic, carbonaceous sedimentary and porphyritic intrusive rocks; (2) interbedded argillite, aphyric rhyolite and magnetite-carbonate-pyrite exhalite; (3) fragmental rhyolite; and (4) interbedded carbonaceous argillite, greywacke, basalt and rhyolite. The mineralization consists of pyrite and sphalerite, with lesser pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, galena, tetrahedrite-tennantite and arsenopyrite. Mineralization occurs as massive stratiform, massive replacement and sulphide stringer veins. Sulphides are typically massive, fine-grained, layered and locally brecciated. Styles of hydrothermal alteration identified in the host rocks include proximal silicification and more distal chloritization, sericitization and, in places, carbonatization. Future research will be focussed on identifying the salient physico-chemical controls on the mineralization process and their implications for volcanic-hosted massive sulphide exploration in the district and elsewhere.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Reconnaissance Survey of Erosion Site at Gold Run Creek

Disturbance of frozen ground, through placer mining activities, may lead to slope failure. A stockpile of frozen overburden has recently begun eroding from the formation of a runoff channel. A large cut, approximately 300 metres long and up to 50 metres deep has been created adjacent to Gold Run Creek, a heavily mined area southeast of Dawson City.

This stockpiled overburden has been in place for several years and has revegetated with several species of mature willows (age dated to 15 years). Either due to heavy rainfall or climate change, melting has commenced in the stockpile resulting in the formation of a runoff channel. This has increased in size and slope failure continues to enlarge the cut.

Laberge Environmental Services conducted a reconnaissance survey of the site in July 2003, to assess the site with the purpose of exploring ways of halting the slope failure and stabilizing the disturbed section of overburden. Several bioengineering techniques have been suggested to assist in controlling the erosion.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
New insights into the geology and mineral potential of the Coast Belt in southwestern Yukon.

The southwestern Yukon Coast Belt mapping project is a joint Yukon Geological Survey/Geological Survey of Canada initiative operated under Natural Resources Canada’s GEM (Geomapping for Energy and Minerals) program. This project is aimed at investigating the geological relationships and mineral potential of the Kluane Schist, the Ruby Range batholith and the Yukon-Tanana terrane in southwestern Yukon. Bedrock mapping at 1:50 000-scale followed a 400 m line-spaced aeromagnetic survey flown in the winter of 2010. Preliminary results indicate the presence of a northeast-dipping structural stack through an ~40 km-thick crustal section, whereby the Kluane Schist occupies the lowest structural level and the Yukon-Tanana terrane the highest. The Ruby Range batholith intruded along the contact between the Kluane Schist and the Yukon-Tanana terrane, and was emplaced late in the deformation history. An orthogneiss/paragneiss unit of unknown tectonic affinity was mapped structurally between the Ruby Range and the Kluane Schist. Detrital zircon analyses from two samples of Kluane Schist indicate that the onset of deposition for this metasedimentary sequence occurred after ca. 94 Ma. Two significant metamorphic events, dated at 82 and 70 Ma, affected the Kluane Schist. This indicates that original structural juxtaposition between the Kluane Schist and the Yukon-Tanana terrane pre-dated intrusion of the Ruby Range batholith. 

Mineral potential in the Coast Belt area is significant and includes porphyry Cu-Mo-Au, epithermal Au-Ag and orogenic Au occurrences. The upper level of the Ruby Range batholith is most prospective for porphyry and epithermal mineralization, while the Kluane Schist is most prospective for orogenic Au mineralization.


Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
The three `Windy McKinley' terranes of Stevenson Ridge (115JK), western Yukon.

Rocks assigned to the Windy McKinley Terrane occur in Stevenson Ridge and Kluane map areas of western Yukon. Based on new mapping in Stevenson Ridge area, rocks mapped as Windy McKinley Terrane have been divided into three fault-bound assemblages: 1) a structurally lowest assemblage of muscovite-quartz schist, calcsilicate schist, and minor marble, carbonaceous quartzite and schist, pebble meta- onglomerate and granitic meta-plutonic rocks; 2) an imbricated ophiolitic assemblage of meta-chert, probably intrusive greenstone, leucogabbro, variably serpentinized dunite and harzburgite, and mafic greywacke; and 3) an assemblage of fine-grained clastic and calcareous rocks intruded and variably hornfelsed by voluminous Early Triassic (Mortensen and Israel, 2006) gabbro. Assemblage 1 probably correlates with Yukon-Tanana Terrane. Assemblage 2 more strongly resembles the Chulitna Terrane of Alaska rather than either the Windy or McKinley terranes as originally defined. Assemblage 3 resembles part of McKinley Terrane, as well as the Aurora Peak and Pingston terranes. These terrane re-assignments have implications for the area¿s mineral potential.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
2018–19 Supplementary estimates no. 2

Supplementary estimates no. 2 for the Government of Yukon 2018–19 Budget. 
This document was prepared by the Department of Finance under the direction of Management Board for the 2nd Session of the 34th Legislature, Yukon Legislative Assembly. March 2019, Whitehorse, Yukon.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Preliminary bedrock geology of part of Stevenson Ridge area (NTS 115J/3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, parts of 11 and 12; 115K/1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, parts of 15 and 16).

Stevenson Ridge map area is generally poorly exposed due to heavy vegetative cover and an extensive veneer of Quaternary sediment. The nature of bedrock and contact relationships are highly speculative throughout large parts of the map area.
The interpretation of the bedrock geology presented in this map is based on sparse and widely separated field observations extrapolated with the use of regional aeromagnetic data from the Geological Survey of Canada (Geological Survey of Canada, 1969).

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Placer Mining and Exploration Compilation (115F and G)

A placer mining and exploration compilation of NTS map sheets 115F and 115G, southern Yukon Territory, Canada. This compilation includes the location, history and previous work, description of bedrock geology, surficial geology and mineralization. Accompanying this report is one 1:250 000-scale map (NTS 115F and G) which displays the locations of the placer occurrences discussed in the report.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Utilizing Volcanic Ash as a Natural Flocculant in Placer Settling Ponds

Under existing regulations, the discharge or effluent from placer miners¿ settling ponds must meet certain standards for the amount of clay and silt in suspension (suspended solids) and/or the amount of material settling out (settleable solids). Previous research indicates that manufactured flocculants could help miners meet these standards. Flocculants enable particles within water to contact each other and agglomerate to form larger particles which will settle out more rapidly. However these manufactured flocculants are expensive and may deposit foreign (deleterious) materials in the discharge waters. Based upon prior government research, it appears that volcanic ash might act as a natural flocculant.

Seven samples of volcanic ash were collected from various sites in the Yukon which were close to active placer mining areas. The samples were dried, sieved and analyzed to determine their characteristics. The ashes were found be quite different in grain size and possible source.

Lab testing concentrated on two samples of ash and sediment from the Big Creek Area (west of Carmacks). A series of tests were completed on the sediment samples, with varying amounts of ash being added. Readings were taken initially, and at 1 hour and 24 hour intervals to obtain the levels of material in suspension (suspended solids) and the measure of light penetration through the sample (turbidity). The objective of adding a flocculant (in this case, volcanic ash) was to decrease the amount of material in suspension and increase the amount of material settling out.

Preliminary results from this study indicate that the addition of volcanic ash (in amounts of 1 to 16 grams per litre) to sediment samples appears to be successful in decreasing the amounts of material in suspension and increase the amount of material settling out.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Placer Mining and Exploration Compilation (106D)

A placer mining and exploration compilation of NTS map sheet 106D, central Yukon Territory, Canada. This compilation includes the location, history and previous work, description of bedrock geology, surficial geology and mineralization. Accompanying this report is one 1:250,000-scale map (NTS 106D) which displays the locations of the placer occurrences discussed in the report.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Yukon Exploration and Geology 2024

The Yukon Exploration and Geology (YEG) volumes include two publications: Yukon Exploration and Geology Overview, and Yukon Exploration and Geology Technical Papers. These key annual publications from the Yukon Geological Survey (Energy, Mines and Resources, Government of Yukon) highlight geoscience research and activities across the Yukon from the previous year. The YEG Overview includes four papers that provide summaries of the Yukon Geological Survey’s staff activities, as well as exploration and development overviews for both the hardrock and placer industries in the Yukon. The YEG Technical Papers volume contains a number of current research reports on various geoscience projects across the territory. The YEG Overview is available in digital format and in a limited colour print run. The YEG Technical Papers volume is available in digital format only. All Yukon Geological Survey publications can be downloaded from our website, https://data.geology.gov.yk.ca/. 

As in previous volumes, YEG 2024 aims to provide the most up-to-date information on mining and mineral exploration activity in the Yukon, both in the hardrock and placer sectors. The success of YEG relies on the continued contributions from prospectors, exploration and government geologists, mining companies, and academic students, all of whom are willing to contribute to public geoscience for the benefit of the scientific community, the public, and the mineral industry of the Yukon. Their work is greatly appreciated. 

More importantly, I would like to acknowledge the support from our 14 Yukon First Nation partners whose lands and traditional territories we continue to work on. The mining industry and the valuable geoscience data that is gathered would not happen without their engagement and support. We look forward to strengthening and fostering honest and meaningful partnerships with all Yukon First Nations.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Energy exchange during river icing formation in a subarctic environment, Yukon Territory

Icings are common hydrologic phenomena in cold subarctic environments. They are formed by the accumulation of repeated overflow layers during winter. The size and thickness of the icing layers, however, are determined by the interaction of surface water hydrologic and microclimatologic systems. This paper examines the energy exchanges associated with icing layers with different thicknesses. In the case of thick layers of overflow, ice layers require a longer time to freeze completely due to greater latent heat stored in larger water volumes. Milder air temperatures will slow growth even further. Under such conditions, flowing water between the top ice cover and the underlying ice body provides significant amounts of energy. As much as 60-87% of the energy may be supplied by running water. Under progressively colder temperature conditions, faster growth rates reduce the time of water flow and, therefore, reducing the relative amount of energy supplied by flowing water. In this case energy is provided mainly by the latent heat released by the freezing of water contained in the overflow layer. Under certain conditions, the absorption of solar radiation also generates a considerable amount of energy input to the regime. This energy is released mostly through sensible and radiative heat losses. During icing layer formation, latent heat is the least important, accounting for only 6-17% of the total heat loss.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon
Surficial Geology of Clear Creek Drainage Basin, Yukon Territory (115P/11, 12, 13, 14)

Surficial geological map (1:50 000 scale) of Clear Creek drainage basin, central Yukon (NTS 115 P/11,12,13,14) including marginal notes on surficial geology, terrain classification and a schematic profile of Clear Creek drainage basin.

Organization: Government of Yukon | Gouvernement du Yukon