AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Mother Tongue, 2006 - French (by census division)

The 2006 Census data showed that Anglophones, that is the population whose mother tongue is English, made up the majority of the population in Canada, about 57.8%. This was the case for all provinces and territories except Quebec, where the majority of the population reported French as mother tongue. In total, 22.1% of the population in Canada were Francophones, which is the population with French as their mother tongue. Allophones, the population who reported a non-official language as mother tongue, made up 20%.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Mother Tongue, 2006 - French (by census subdivision)

The 2006 Census data showed that Anglophones, that is the population whose mother tongue is English, made up the majority of the population in Canada, about 57.8%. This was the case for all provinces and territories except Quebec, where the majority of the population reported French as mother tongue. In total, 22.1% of the population in Canada were Francophones, which is the population with French as their mother tongue. Allophones, the population who reported a non-official language as mother tongue, made up 20%.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Mother Tongue, 2006 - Other Languages (by census division)

The 2006 Census data showed that Anglophones, that is the population whose mother tongue is English, made up the majority of the population in Canada, about 57.8%. This was the case for all provinces and territories except Quebec, where the majority of the population reported French as mother tongue. In total, 22.1% of the population in Canada were Francophones, which is the population with French as their mother tongue. Allophones, the population who reported a non-official language as mother tongue, made up 20%.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Mother Tongue, 2006 - Other Languages (by census subdivision)

The 2006 Census data showed that Anglophones, that is the population whose mother tongue is English, made up the majority of the population in Canada, about 57.8%. This was the case for all provinces and territories except Quebec, where the majority of the population reported French as mother tongue. In total, 22.1% of the population in Canada were Francophones, which is the population with French as their mother tongue. Allophones, the population who reported a non-official language as mother tongue, made up 20%.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
English-French Bilingualism, 1996

In 1996, 67% of Canada’s population were able to conduct a conversation in English only, 14% in French only and 17% in both of these languages. Around 2% of people enumerated reported not knowing either of these two languages. This map shows the percentage of the Canadian population in 1996 who were able to conduct a conversation in both official languages, English and French.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Exploration of the Ohio River 1739 to 1749

To the south of what is now Canada, French military expeditions explored and mapped the Ohio River valley in the period 1739 to 1749. These expeditions were led by Le Moyne and Céleron (1739) and Céleron and Bonnécamps (1749). The map also shows the extent of territory known to Europeans and the navigation of all exploration routes in the period 1651 to 1760. The historical names found on the map are derived from contemporaneous maps and written documents of the period.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Mother Tongue (English), 1996

This map shows the percentage of the Canadian population whose mother tongue is English. The 1996 Census defines mother tongue as the first language a person learned at home in childhood and still understood at the time of the census. The 1996 Census showed that 24.0 million Canadians could speak English (84%), 19.3 million spoke English most often at home (68%) and 17.1 million had English mother tongue (60%).

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Mother Tongue (French), 1996

This map shows the percentage of the Canadian population whose mother tongue was French. The 1996 Census defines mother tongue as the first language a person learned at home in childhood and still understood at the time of the census. The 1996 Census showed that 8.9 million Canadians could conduct a conversation in French (31%), 6.4 million spoke French most often at home (23%) and 6.7 million had French as their mother tongue (24%).

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Literacy Performance on 2003 Adult Literacy Skills Survey: Working Age Population (16 to 65 years of age by census division)

In 2003, the average prose literacy score for the Canadian population age 16 and over was 272 on a scale ranging from 0 to 500. Prose literacy is defined as the skills needed to understand and use information from texts. The average prose literacy scores were above the national average in the Yukon, Alberta, Saskatchewan and British Columbia. Conversely, the average prose literacy scores of those of New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador and Nunavut were below the Canadian average. Nova Scotia, the Northwest Territories, Manitoba, Ontario and Prince Edward Island had average prose scores that were not statistically different than the Canadian averages. In Quebec there were significant variations in performance across the domains. This map depicts average prose scores by census divisions.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Literacy Performance on 2003 Adult Literacy Skills Survey: Working Age Population (16 to 65 years of age by census subdivision)

In 2003, the average prose literacy score for the Canadian population age 16 and over was 272 on a scale ranging from 0 to 500. Prose literacy is defined as the skills needed to understand and use information from texts. The average prose literacy scores were above the national average in the Yukon, Alberta, Saskatchewan and British Columbia. Conversely, the average prose literacy scores of those of New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador and Nunavut were below the Canadian average. Nova Scotia, the Northwest Territories, Manitoba, Ontario and Prince Edward Island had average prose scores that were not statistically different than the Canadian averages. In Quebec there were significant variations in performance across the domains. This map depicts average prose scores by census subdivisions.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Literacy Performance on 2003 Adult Literacy Skills Survey: Population Aged 16 and Over (by census division)

In 2003, the average prose literacy score for the Canadian population age 16 and over was 272 on a scale ranging from 0 to 500. Prose literacy is defined as the skills needed to understand and use information from texts. The average prose literacy scores were above the national average in the Yukon, Alberta, Saskatchewan and British Columbia. Conversely, the average prose literacy scores of those of New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador and Nunavut were below the Canadian average. Nova Scotia, the Northwest Territories, Manitoba, Ontario and Prince Edward Island had average prose scores that were not statistically different than the Canadian averages. In Quebec there were significant variations in performance across the domains. This map depicts average prose scores by census divisions.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Literacy Performance on 2003 Adult Literacy Skills Survey: Population Aged 16 and Over (by census subdivision)

In 2003, the average prose literacy score for the Canadian population age 16 and over was 272 on a scale ranging from 0 to 500. Prose literacy is defined as the skills needed to understand and use information from texts. The average prose literacy scores were above the national average in the Yukon, Alberta, Saskatchewan and British Columbia. Conversely, the average prose literacy scores of those of New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador and Nunavut were below the Canadian average. Nova Scotia, the Northwest Territories, Manitoba, Ontario and Prince Edward Island had average prose scores that were not statistically different than the Canadian averages. In Quebec there were significant variations in performance across the domains. This map depicts average prose scores by census subdivisions.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Drainage Basins (Nunavut)

A drainage basin is the area that drains all precipitation into a river or stream system into a common outlet such as a lake or sea. There are two main river basins in Nunavut: the Thelon River flows into Hudson Bay and the Back River empties into the Arctic Ocean. Most of Nunavut’s area is not drained through large rivers; instead the water flows directly to the ocean through small rivers and streams.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Permafrost, Glaciers and Sea Ice (Nunavut)

Nunavut’s cold climate makes it a territory consisting of mostly barren land and permafrost. Permafrost is soil or rocks whose temperature remains at or below the freezing point for a long period of time. Glaciers, a mass of snow and ice that does not melt from year to year prevail in the Innuitian Mountains. Permanent sea ice occurs in the northern part of the Arctic Ocean.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Terrestrial Ecozones (Nunavut)

Ecozones are one of several levels of ecological regions that cover all of Canada. An ecozone is a discrete system, which has resulted from the mesh and interplay of geology, landform, soil, vegetation, climate, wildlife, water and human factors. Four of the fifteen terrestrial ecozones of Canada are found in Nunavut: Northern Arctic, Arctic Cordillera, Southern Arctic, and Taiga Shield.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Aboriginal Cultural Areas (Nunavut)

Canada may be divided into six broad Aboriginal cultural areas based on major geographic regions. Tribes in the same region share a greater number of cultural affinities than tribes from different regions. However only in the Arctic do the lines of geography, language and culture coincide so closely. Nunavut’s boundary strongly reflects that of the cultural zone of the Aboriginal people of the Eastern Arctic. The Inuit are descendants of the Thule, who came from Asia and lived in the Arctic for thousands of years. Their language, Inuktitut, is spoken by most of the population.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Nunavut Communities

Nunavut’s 26 000 inhabitants live in 28 communities widely scattered across 2 million square kilometres. All communities are accessible by air and by sea. The Inuit have occupied the region for thousands of years and form almost 85 percent of the current population. Their language, Inuktitut is spoken by 80 per cent of the population. Nunavut's society is the youngest in Canada, with half the population under 21.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Early Probes of the North Pacific Coast 1741

In 1741, along the Pacific coast, the first Russian probes reached the Aleutian Islands and the Alaskan mainland. These were the expeditions of Bering (1741) and Chirikov (1741). The map also shows the extent of territory known to Europeans and the navigation of all exploration routes in the period 1651 to 1760. The historical names found on the map are derived from contemporaneous maps and written documents of the period.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Active and Closed Mines in Nunavut, 1999

In 1999 there are two operational mines in Nunavut: the Polaris and Nanisivik mines. The Polaris zinc-lead mine located on Little Cornwallis Island, is the most northerly mine in the world. The principal elements it extracts are zinc, lead and calcium. The Nanisivik zinc-lead-silver mine is located near the village of the same name. Zinc is still the main element taken out.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Labour Force Occupation, 2006 - Trades, Transport and Equipment Operators and Related Occupations (by census division)

Census data showed employment reached an estimated 16 021 200 in 2006, up 1 326 000 from 2001. Just two western provinces - Alberta and British Columbia - accounted for a third of this increase. During the same five-year period, the unemployment rate fell in every province and territory, except Ontario and the Northwest Territories. The shift in industrial demand for workers to different parts of the economy had an impact on the occupational make-up of the nation. The map shows by census division the percentage of the population employed in trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Labour Force Occupation, 2006 - Trades, Transport and Equipment Operators and Related Occupations (by census subdivision)

Census data showed employment reached an estimated 16 021 200 in 2006, up 1 326 000 from 2001. Just two western provinces - Alberta and British Columbia - accounted for a third of this increase. During the same five-year period, the unemployment rate fell in every province and territory, except Ontario and the Northwest Territories. The shift in industrial demand for workers to different parts of the economy had an impact on the occupational make-up of the nation. The map shows by census subdivision the percentage of the population employed in trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Precious-metal Mines, 2003

This map depicts the 33 precious-metal mines that operated for any period during 2003. Precious-metal mines produce gold, silver, palladium and uranium. There were no active precious-metal mines in the Yukon Territory, Nunavut, Alberta, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick or Nova Scotia for this year. The locations of 2 uranium-processing facilities and 2 precious-metal refineries are shown to provide an industrial context for precious-metal mining activity.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Base-metal Mines, 2004

This map depicts the 28 base-metal mines that operated for any period during 2004. Base-metal mines produce primarily copper, nickel, zinc, lead, cobalt, molybdenum and magnesium. There were no active base-metal mines in the Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Alberta, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia or Newfoundland and Labrador for this year. The locations of 22 selected base-metal production facilities are shown to provide an industrial context for base-metal mining activity.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Ferrous-metal Mines, 2004

This map depicts the 6 ferrous-metal mines that operated for any period during 2004. Ferrous-metal mines produce iron ore, niobium and tantalum, all used in the production of steel and steel alloys. Only Newfoundland and Labrador, Quebec and Manitoba have ferrous-metal mines. The locations of 15 steel-production facilities, 3 iron-agglomerate plants and 4 ferroalloy plants are shown to provide an industrial context for ferrous-metal mining activity.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Precious-metal Mines, 2004

This map depicts the 32 precious-metal mines that operated for any period during 2004. Precious-metal mines produce gold, silver, palladium and uranium. There were no active precious-metal mines in the Yukon Territory, Alberta, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick or Nova Scotia for this year. The locations of 2 uranium-processing facilities and 2 precious-metal refineries are shown to provide an industrial context for precious-metal mining activity.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Combined Resource-reliant Communities, 2001

Each of the 84 communities shown on this map has a 30% or higher reliance on two of the resource sectors of agriculture, energy, fisheries, forestry or mining. The large majority of these communities are located in the four western provinces (48) or in Quebec (25). Most are small communities in terms of population: only Brant, Ontario and Val-d’Or, Quebec, have more than 12 000 people; five other communities in western Canada have 10 000 to 12 000 people. Almost all other communities have 2 000 or fewer inhabitants. The large majority of the communities are rural areas.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Fishery-reliant Communities, 2001

There are 207 fishery-reliant communities, of which 80 have a reliance of 50% or greater and 127 have a reliance of 30 to 49%. The communities are almost all located near salt water. Only one, Grand Rapids, Manitoba on the shores of Lake Winnipeg, is in the interior of Canada.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Commercial Land Use: Shopping Centres

This map shows how commercial activity is distributed within urban areas and the impact of commercial services on the urban landscape, by mapping what proportion of stores (hence jobs) in an urban area that are found in shopping centres. Shopping centres are designed, built and managed as a single unit, primarily for retail purposes; they are therefore easy to identify. As a relatively modern innovation, introduced to most cities in the 1960s or later, they are usually located at the edge of the city closer to the suburbs. Most cities have about 10% of their stores in shopping centres; this value is slightly higher in larger cities and in cities with a high growth rate.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Commercial Land Use: Pedestrian Strips

This map shows how commercial activity is distributed within urban areas and the impact of commercial services on the urban landscape, by mapping what proportion of stores (hence jobs) in an urban area that are found in pedestrian strips. Pedestrian strips are those neighbourhood commercial streets, usually surrounded by residential areas, that are made up of individually owned stores. People walk from one store to the next, along the street. The street evolves over time in response to the needs of the community. In suburban areas, the strip may have begun as the downtown for an earlier village. In metropolitan areas, some strips have specialized in goods and services for various immigrant groups. Because pedestrian strips serve nearby communities within the city, their share of stores is greatest in cities with low indices of centrality (that is, fewer stores in the downtown). The highest shares for pedestrian strips occur in southern Ontario, southern Quebec and coastal British Columbia.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Commercial Land Use: Industrial Zones

This map shows how commercial activity is distributed within urban areas and the impact of commercial services on the urban landscape, by mapping what proportion of stores (hence jobs) in an urban area that are found in industrial zones. Industrial zones are extensive areas zoned for industrial use that nowadays are home to wholesalers, big-box retailers and a variety of services and small office buildings. These are specialized destinations, often oriented to other businesses; not the kinds of places you stumble upon by accident. As the most recent form of commercial concentration, they are most often found in rapidly growing cities, especially the largest cities. Since industrial zones support a wide range of specialized activities they usually benefit from commercial specialization as indicated by the index of centrality. The distribution indicates that cities in Ontario and the Prairies have higher values than cities in Quebec, the Atlantic region and British Columbia.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Commercial Land Use: Downtown

This map shows how commercial activity is distributed within urban areas and the impact of commercial services on the urban landscape, by mapping what proportion of stores (hence jobs) in an urban area that are found in the downtown. Downtowns are typically the oldest and most central commercial location in the city. Initially, they provided retail and institutional services, but over time much of the retail activity has migrated to the suburbs and the downtown has attracted a variety of other services into office buildings. The importance of the downtown varies widely from city to city. Smaller cities have relatively larger downtowns, as do cities with a strong indices of centrality because they provide services to a wide trade (market) area.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Commercial Land Use: Dispersed Stores

This map shows how commercial activity is distributed within urban areas and the impact of commercial services on the urban landscape, by mapping what proportion of stores (hence jobs) in an urban area that are found in dispersed stores. The dispersed stores are those activities that are left out when all the commercial polygons in the city have been mapped. They include the traditional activities such as service stations and convenience stores, as well as clusters of stores that are too small to qualify as commercial polygons. In most cities, some 30% of stores are assigned to this category, with higher proportions in small cities and slow-growth cities. Since dispersed stores seldom serve consumers living outside the city, they tend to be relatively more important in cities with low indices of centrality. Like arterial strips, they may also be an indicator of weaker planning legislation that permits commercial activity outside designated commercial zones. The distribution of dispersed stores shows cities with low proportions in the Prairie and Maritime provinces, and cities with higher values in Ontario and Quebec.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Commercial Land Use: Arterial Strips

This map shows how commercial activity is distributed within urban areas and the impact of commercial services on the urban landscape, by mapping what proportion of stores (hence jobs) in an urban area that are found in arterial strips. Arterial strips are those through streets that are lined with retail and service activities catering to automobiles and their drivers: service stations and dealerships, fast food outlets and free-standing retailers. These areas developed during the last half of the 20th century, as new activities emerged to serve the changing needs of suburban consumers. Planners try to bring them (and the traffic they generate) under control by supporting the development of planned shopping centres and/or industrial districts in competition. The distribution shows that the cities in Quebec have much higher proportions of stores in this category than cities in Ontario. In contrast cities in western Canada have low proportions.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Growth Rate of Business Services Employment, 1986 to 1996

Commercial services, the activities operating within the private sector, are attracted to markets according to the population of the area they serve and the level of market income. Growth in business services was relatively slow in the Prairie provinces and rapid in British Columbia and southern Ontario and Quebec. The highest rates of growth occurred in coastal British Columbia and in the urban centres near the largest cities (Toronto, Ottawa and Montréal).

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada