AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
North American Breeding Bird Survey: Population trends and annual indices for Canada, data-version 2012

Population trend estimates based on data collected through the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS), for approximately 300 Canadian bird species. The trend results are Canadian trends and thus use data from Canadian BBS routes only. Results are updated annually; these estimates use BBS data from 1970 through 2012. Trends are presented for species, provinces, territories, Bird Conservation Regions (BCR), as well as the sub-regions that make up the analytical strata (intersections of BCRs and provinces/territories) for which there are sufficient BBS data for statistical analysis.

These estimates were produced using a hierarchical Bayesian model, which differs from the maximum likelihood model that was used to generate BBS trend estimates prior to 2011. The estimates and details on statistical methods used are available on the BBS results website.

The BBS is jointly coordinated by Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. Any use of these BBS results for Canada should acknowledge the hundreds of skilled volunteers in Canada who have participated in the BBS over the years and those who have served as provincial or territorial coordinators for the BBS.

Organization: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada
Climate Data Products

Climate Data Products at Environment Canada comprise of four different datasets: Almanac Averages and Extremes, Monthly Climate Summaries, Canadian Climate Normals, and Canadian Historical Weather Radar. Almanac Averages and Extremes provides average and extreme temperature and precipitation values for a particular station over its entire period of record. Monthly Climate Summaries contains values of various climatic parameters, including monthly averages and extremes of temperature, precipitation amounts, degree days, sunshine hours, days without precipitation, etc. Canadian Climate Normals are used to summarize or describe the average climatic conditions of a particular location. Data is available for stations with at least 15 years of data between the periods of 1961-1990, 1971-2000 and 1981-2010. Canadian Historical Weather Radar compirses of historical images from the radar network providing a national overview of where percipitation is occuring.  

Organization: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada
Engineering Climate Datasets

Engineering Climate Datasets encompasses Intensity-Duration-Frequency  IDF  Files, Canadian Weather Energy and Engineering Datasets  CWEEDS , and Canadian Weather Year For Energy Calculation  CWEC . IDF tabulates and graphs short-duration rainfall statistics across 563 locations in Canada. CWEEDS is a computer dataset of hourly conditions at specific locations, including data from 1953 until 2005. It also includes long term weather records used in urban planning and green building design, as well as estimates of hourly solar radiation amounts. CWEC datasets are created by combining 12 "Typical Meteorological Months" selected from a database of, usually, 30 years of data. Months are chosen by comparing individual means with long term monthly means for daily global radiation, mean, minimum and maximum DB temperature, mean, minimum and maximum dew point temperature, and mean and maximum wind speed.  

Organization: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada
Surface Water Quantity and Sediment Transport

Water level and discharge data are available from Water Survey of Canada’s Hydrometric Network.  The Water Survey of Canada (WSC) is the national authority responsible for the collection, interpretation and dissemination of standardized water resource data and information in Canada.   In partnership with the provinces, territories and other agencies, WSC operates over 2500 active hydrometric gauges across the country, maintains an archive of historical information for over 7600 stations and provides access to near real-time (water level and stream flow) provisional data at over 1700 locations in Canada.  
Monitoring activities are underway to collect suspended sediment samples in the Lower Athabasca River.  These monitoring activities include measurements of physical characteristics, concentrations and sediment loadings collected using Water Survey Canada standards.  Sediments will also be collected using a continuous flow centrifuge and analysed in the laboratory for sediment quality variables as per Appendix B in the Integrated Monitoring Plan.   The river bed sediments in the Lower Athabasca are known to shift and migrate downstream.  Monitoring to generate bathymetric maps of the bed-channel morphology over time ids underway and will allow for determination of bed sediment transport downstream, and will also be useful in calibration/validation of sediment/bitumen erosion/transport/deposition models

Organization: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada
Pacific 2001 Air Quality Study

The Pacific 2001 Air Quality Study (PAC2001) was conducted from 1 August to 31 September, 2001 in the Lower Fraser Valley (LFV), British Columbia, Canada. The study consisted of a number of research projects organized to address several issues related to ambient particulate matter and ozone. A special issue of Atmospheric Environment [Vol. 38(34), Nov 2004] describes the study objectives (Li, 2004) and the study results.  The data sets available for download are provided in collaboration with the National Atmospheric Chemistry (NAtChem) Database and Analysis Facility of Environment and Climate Change Canada.

Organization: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada
Hydrometric Monitoring, Oil Sands Region

This site provides public access to real-time hydrometric data collected at over 1800 locations and access to historical data collected at over 7600 stations (active and discontinued) in Canada. 

Hydrometric data are collected and compiled by Water Survey of Canada’s eight regional offices and housed in two centrally-managed databases: HYDEX and HYDAT.

Organization: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada
Statistically downscaled climate indices

High-resolution statistically downscaled climate indices relevant to climate change impacts in Canada are available at a 10 km spatial resolution and an annual temporal resolution for 1951-2100.  The climate indices are based on model projections from 24 global climate models (GCMs) that participated in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). To address the needs of different user groups in Canada, agroclimate indices and other indices that were proposed by the Canadian adaptation community through a series of consultations are provided. This range of climate indices are of relevance to adaptation planning for different sectors in Canada, such as human and ecological health, agriculture and energy. Available for download are indices that represent the counts of the number of days when temperature or precipitation exceeds (or is below) a threshold value; the lengths of episodes when a particular weather/climate condition occurs; and indices that accumulate temperature departures above or below a fixed threshold.

Multi-model datasets of the statistically downscaled climate indices for historical simulations and three emission scenarios, RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, are available. Both multi-model ensembles and individual model output are available for download. The fifth, 25th, 50th (median), 75th and 95th percentiles of the annual ensembles are available for each climate index, from 1951-2100.

Note: Projections among climate models can vary because of differences in their underlying representation of earth system processes. Thus, the use of a multi-model ensemble approach has been demonstrated in recent scientific literature to likely provide better projected climate change information.

Further, projected future changes by statistically downscaled products are not necessarily more creditable than those by the underlying climate model outputs. In many cases, especially for absolute threshold-based indices, projections based on downscaled data have smaller spread because of the removal of model biases. However, this is not the case for all indices. Downscaling from GCM resolution to the fine resolution needed for impacts assessment increases the level of spatial detail and temporal variability to better match observations. Since these adjustments are GCM dependent, the resulting indices could have wider spread when computed from downscaled data as compared to those directly computed from GCM output. In the latter case, it is not the downscaling procedure that makes future projection more uncertain; rather, it is indicative of higher variability associated with finer spatial scale.

Organization: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada
Export and Import Licence Applications

The Canada Energy Regulator (CER) will assess export licence applications to determine if the volume of the applied for energy commodity proposed for export, is surplus to Canadian requirements. The CER considers gas import licence applications, including licence applications for liquefied natural gas (LNG).
For gas, natural gas, and propane licence applications, the CER uses a written process that includes a public comment period for impacted persons. Following the comment period, the Board will complete its assessment of the application, and either approve or deny the application. The issuance of a licence must also be approved by the Governor in Council.

Organization: Canada Energy Regulator | La Régie de l’énergie du Canada
The ensemble of CMIP6 daily predictor variables for statistical downscaling

One of the ways of obtaining local-scale climate change scenarios is to use regression-based statistical downscaling of GCMs. In this approach, an empirical relationship between GCM predictors (i.e., near-surface and upper-level atmosphere circulation variables) and surface predictands (such as observed temperature or precipitation from a station) is derived by linear or non-linear transfer functions. For this purpose, an ensemble of daily predictor variables are produced from CanESM5, MPI-ESM1.2-HR, NorESM2-MM, and two reanalysis datasets. 

A total of 26 predictor variables are included in each ensemble, composed of both raw and derived variables, with multiple atmospheric variables available at three different pressure levels. Predictor variables are available at the daily scale on a 64 by 128 latitude-longitude global Gaussian grid with T42 spectral truncation. The historical simulation for 1979-2014 as well as the four Tier 1 Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) prioritized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Scenario Model Intercomparison Project (ScenarioMIP) (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5) and SSP1-1.9 (due to its relevance for the Paris Agreement) for 2015-2100 are available for each GCM (O'Neill et al., 2016). Two reanalysis dataset options are available for the historical period 1979-2014 (ECMWF ERA5 and NCEP-DOE Reanalysis 2).

GCMs chosen for inclusion into the CMIP6 predictors dataset was determined by three factors. Firstly, the equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) must have been calculated according to the Gregory methodology and the selected GCMs must cover a range of ECS values (see sections 1.1. and 1.2.). Secondly, the GCM must have run the historical simulation and as many of the five SSPs as possible (SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5). Thirdly, for the relevant simulations, the seven base variables at all three included pressure levels (if applicable) must be available for download on Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF) website (https://esgf-node.llnl.gov/search/cmip6/).

Organization: Environment and Climate Change Canada | Environnement et Changement climatique Canada
Information for Regulated Parties on the Enforcement Approach for the General Prohibitions under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act

Regulated parties must comply with the CCPSA, including the GPs, at all times. Accordingly, regulated parties must always ensure that their consumer products do not pose a danger to human health or safety and must do so proactively, without waiting for communications from Health Canada. This document describes how Health Canada proposes to apply the GP in particular contexts and sets out Health Canada's expectations for regulated parties.

Organization: Health Canada | Santé Canada
Consumer Product Safety Program Five-Year Surveillance Report: 2013-2017

This report describes the surveillance findings gathered by the Consumer Product Safety Program (CPSP) within Health Canada. The CPSP is responsible for the administration and enforcement of the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) and its regulations, as well as cosmetic-related provisions of the Food and Drugs Act (FDA) and the Cosmetic Regulations.

Organization: Health Canada | Santé Canada
Administration of the Access to Information Act - Annual Report to Parliament 2020-2021

The Access to Information Act (the Act) gives Canadian citizens, permanent residents and all individuals and corporations present in Canada the right of access to records under the control of a government institution subject to the Act. The Act complements, but does not replace, other means of obtaining government information. This report has been prepared and tabled in Parliament in accordance with section 72 of the Act. It covers the period from April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021, for the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada (IAAC). The annual report is intended to ensure accountability for the actions and decisions of the institution in their administration of the Act.

Organization: Impact Assessment Agency of Canada | Agence d'évaluation d'impact du Canada
Canadian Alcohol and Drugs Survey: Public Use Microdata File

This public use microdata file (PUMF) is from the Canadian Alcohol and Drugs Survey and includes information about the use of substances, including alcohol, cannabis and other drugs. This product is for users who prefer to do their own analysis by focusing on specific subgroups in the population or by cross-classifying variables that were not the focus of our release in The Daily.

Organization: Statistics Canada | Statistique Canada
Number of large fires (>200 hectares) - Short-term (2011-2040) under RCP 8.5

The fire regime describes the patterns of fire seasonality, frequency, size, spatial continuity, intensity, type (e.g., crown or surface fire) and severity in a particular area or ecosystem.  
  
  The number of large fires refers to the annual number of fires greater than 200 hectares (ha) that occur per units of 100,000 ha. It was calculated per Homogeneous Fire Regime (HFR) zones. These HFR zones represent areas where the fire regime is similar over a broad spatial scale (Boulanger et al. 2014). Such zonation is useful in identifying areas with unusual fire regimes that would have been overlooked if fires had been aggregated according to administrative and/or ecological classifications.  
  
  Fire data comes from the Canadian National Fire Database covering 1959–1999 (for HFR zones building) and 1959-1995 (for model building). Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) modeling was used to relate monthly fire regime attributes with monthly climatic/fire-weather in each HFR zone. Future climatic data were simulated using the Canadian Earth System Model version 2 (CanESM2) and downscaled at a 10 Km resolution using ANUSPLIN for two different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP). RCPs are different greenhouse gas concentration trajectories adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for its fifth Assessment Report. RCP 2.6 (referred to as rapid emissions reductions) assumes that greenhouse gas concentrations peak between 2010-2020, with emissions declining thereafter. In the RCP 8.5 scenario (referred to as continued emissions increases) greenhouse gas concentrations continue to rise throughout the 21st century.  
  
  Provided layer: projected number of large fires (>200 ha) across Canada for the short-term (2011-2040) under the RCP 8.5 (continued emissions increases).  
  
  Reference: Boulanger, Y., Gauthier, S., et al. 2014. A refinement of models projecting future Canadian fire regimes using homogeneous fire regime zones. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, 365–376.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Importance of the forest industry to the regional economy

Many communities in Canada depend to some extent on forestry and the forest sector. The importance of the forest industry to the regional economy can be assessed using the CanEcumene GIS Database. “Ecumene” is a term used by geographers, meaning “inhabited lands.” A forest ecumene refers to areas where human settlement coincides with forested areas, including locations where people depend on the forest for their livelihood. Populated places in the ecumene database are referenced using natural boundaries, as opposed to administrative or census boundaries, and provide a more suitable means for integrating socio-economic data with ecological and environmental data in a region.  
  
  An analysis of ecumene labour force data and location of mill facilities resulted in a generalized rendering showing regional dependency of the forest industry. The location of mill facilities layer includes information on mill type (i.e., pulp and saw) and ownership. The sensitivity to forest industry layer shows which forest communities and regions are more sensitive to economic impacts in the forest industry.  
  
  Two layers are provided: the sensitivity of forest communities and regions to forest industry, and the location of mill facilities.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Annual area burned by large fires (>200 hectares) - Reference Period (1981-2010)

The fire regime describes the patterns of fire seasonality, frequency, size, spatial continuity, intensity, type (e.g., crown or surface fire) and severity in a particular area or ecosystem.  
  
  Annual area burned is the average surface area burned annually in Canada by large fires (greater than 200 hectares (ha)). Changes in annual area burned were estimated using Homogeneous Fire Regime (HFR) zones. These zones represent areas where the fire regime is similar over a broad spatial scale (Boulanger et al. 2014). Such zonation is useful in identifying areas with unusual fire regimes that would have been overlooked if fires had been aggregated according to administrative and/or ecological classifications.  
  
  Fire data comes from the Canadian National Fire Database covering 1959–1999 (for HFR zones building) and 1959-1995 (for model building). Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) modeling was used to relate monthly fire regime attributes with monthly climatic/fire-weather in each HFR zone. Future climatic data were simulated using the Canadian Earth System Model version 2 (CanESM2) and downscaled at a 10 Km resolution using ANUSPLIN for two different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP). RCPs are different greenhouse gas concentration trajectories adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for its fifth Assessment Report. RCP 2.6 (referred to as rapid emissions reductions) assumes that greenhouse gas concentrations peak between 2010-2020, with emissions declining thereafter. In the RCP 8.5 scenario (referred to as continued emissions increases) greenhouse gas concentrations continue to rise throughout the 21st century.  
  
  Provided layer: annual area burned by large fires (>200 ha) across Canada for a reference period (1981-2010).  
  
  Reference: Boulanger, Y., Gauthier, S., et al. 2014. A refinement of models projecting future Canadian fire regimes using homogeneous fire regime zones. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, 365–376.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada
Annual area burned by large fires (>200 hectares) - Medium-term (2041-2070) under RCP 8.5

The fire regime describes the patterns of fire seasonality, frequency, size, spatial continuity, intensity, type (e.g., crown or surface fire) and severity in a particular area or ecosystem.  
  
  Annual area burned is the average surface area burned annually in Canada by large fires (greater than 200 hectares (ha)). Changes in annual area burned were estimated using Homogeneous Fire Regime (HFR) zones. These zones represent areas where the fire regime is similar over a broad spatial scale (Boulanger et al. 2014). Such zonation is useful in identifying areas with unusual fire regimes that would have been overlooked if fires had been aggregated according to administrative and/or ecological classifications.  
  
  Fire data comes from the Canadian National Fire Database covering 1959–1999 (for HFR zones building) and 1959-1995 (for model building). Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) modeling was used to relate monthly fire regime attributes with monthly climatic/fire-weather in each HFR zone. Future climatic data were simulated using the Canadian Earth System Model version 2 (CanESM2) and downscaled at a 10 Km resolution using ANUSPLIN for two different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP). RCPs are different greenhouse gas concentration trajectories adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for its fifth Assessment Report. RCP 2.6 (referred to as rapid emissions reductions) assumes that greenhouse gas concentrations peak between 2010-2020, with emissions declining thereafter. In the RCP 8.5 scenario (referred to as continued emissions increases) greenhouse gas concentrations continue to rise throughout the 21st century.  
  
  Provided layer: projected annual area burned by large fires (>200 ha) across Canada for the medium-term (2041-2070) under the RCP 8.5 (continued emissions increases).  
  
  Reference: Boulanger, Y., Gauthier, S., et al. 2014. A refinement of models projecting future Canadian fire regimes using homogeneous fire regime zones. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, 365–376.

Organization: Natural Resources Canada | Ressources naturelles Canada