Direct Investment-related Indicators

Sources: OECD (2022), OECD FDI Statistics Database, [https://stats.oecd.org/]. OECD (2021), OECD Inter-Country Input-Output Database, [https://oe.cd/icio]. OECD (2018), OECD Analytical AMNE Database, [https://www.oecd.org/sti/ind/analytical-amne-database.htm]. IMF staff calculations. Category: Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Data series: * CO₂ emissions in exports of domestic controlled enterprises * CO₂ emissions in exports of foreign controlled multinational enterprises * CO₂ emissions in output of domestic controlled enterprises * CO₂ emissions in output of foreign controlled multinational enterprises * CO₂ emissions per unit of output for foreign controlled multinational enterprises * CO₂ emissions per unit of output of domestic controlled enterprises * CO₂ emissions in gross fixed capital formation of direct investment in resident operating units (non-SPEs) * CO₂ emissions in gross fixed capital formation of direct investment in resident operating units (non-SPEs) to final demand ratio Metadata: CO₂ emissions in gross fixed capital formation of direct investment in resident operating units (non-SPEs). Source: IMF CO₂ emissions multipliers; OECD Input-Output tables, ISIC Rev.4; OECD FDI by country and economic activity_BMD4 and historical BMD3 series; OECD Capital formation by activity ISIC rev4; and IMF calculations. CO₂ emissions in gross fixed capital formation of direct investment in resident operating units (non-SPEs) to final demand ratio. Source: IMF CO₂ emissions in Gross Fixed capital formation of Direct Investment in resident operating units (non-SPEs); IMF CO₂ emissions multipliers; OECD Output tables, ISIC Rev.4.; and IMF calculations. CO₂ emissions per unit of output for foreign controlled multinational enterprises. Source: IEA CO₂ emission; and OECD Inter-Country Input-Output tables split according to ownership (domestic-owned and foreign-owned firms).- ISIC Rev 4.; and IMF calculations. CO₂ emissions per unit of output of domestic controlled enterprises. Source: IEA CO₂ emissions; and OECD Inter-Country Input-Output tables split according to ownership (domestic-owned and foreign-owned firms).- ISIC Rev 4.; and IMF calculations. CO₂ emissions in output of foreign controlled multinational enterprises. Source: IMF CO₂ emission intensities of output of foreign controlled multinational enterprises; and OECD Inter-Country Input-Output tables split according to ownership (domestic-owned and foreign-owned firms).- ISIC Rev 4.; and IMF calculations. CO₂ emissions in exports of foreign controlled multinational enterprises. Source: IMF CO₂ emission intensities of output of foreign controlled multinational enterprises; and OECD Inter-Country Input-Output tables split according to ownership (domestic-owned and foreign-owned firms).- ISIC Rev 4.; and IMF calculations. CO₂ emissions in output of domestic controlled enterprises. Source: IMF CO₂ emission intensities of output of domestic controlled enterprises; OECD Inter-Country Input-Output tables split according to ownership (domestic-owned and foreign-owned firms)., ISIC rev4.; and IMF calculations. CO₂ emissions in exports of domestic controlled enterprises. Source: IMF CO₂ emission intensities of output of domestic controlled enterprises; OECD Inter-Country Input-Output tables split according to ownership (domestic-owned and foreign-owned firms)., ISIC rev4.; and IMF calculations. Methodology: CO₂ emissions in gross fixed capital formation of direct investment in resident operating units (non-SPEs): CO₂ emission multipliers (reflecting both direct and indirect CO₂ emissions including CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion and CO₂ emissions embodied in goods and services used as inputs during the production process) were multiplied by the output used in gross fixed capital formation to obtain CO₂ emissions. The CO₂ emissions obtained were apportioned to direct investment using the share of direct investment in resident operating units (non-SPEs) to gross fixed capital formation. CO₂ emissions in gross fixed capital formation of direct investment in resident operating units (non-SPEs) to final demand ratio: Estimates of CO₂ emissions in gross fixed capital formation of direct investment in resident operating units (non-SPEs) are divided by final demand. CO₂ emissions per unit of output of foreign controlled multinational enterprises: Direct CO₂ emission intensities of output (reflecting CO₂ emissions emitted during the production of goods and services by industry from the combustion of fuel) were multiplied by calculated output multipliers of foreign controlled multinational enterprises. CO₂ emissions per unit of output of domestic controlled enterprises: Direct CO₂ emission intensities of output (reflecting CO₂ emissions emitted during the production of goods and services by industry from the combustion of fuel) were multiplied by calculated output multipliers of domestic controlled enterprises. CO₂ emissions in output of foreign controlled multinational enterprises: CO₂ emission intensities of output (reflecting CO₂ emissions emitted during the production of goods and services by industry from the combustion of fuel) of foreign controlled multinational enterprises were multiplied by final demand of products of foreign controlled multinational enterprises. CO₂ emissions in exports of foreign controlled multinational enterprises: CO₂ emission intensities of output (reflecting CO₂ emissions emitted during the production of goods and services by industry from the combustion of fuel) of foreign controlled multinational enterprises were multiplied by exports for final use of foreign controlled multinational enterprises. CO₂ emissions in output of domestic controlled enterprises: CO₂ emission intensities of output (reflecting CO₂ emissions emitted during the production of goods and services by industry from the combustion of fuel) of domestic controlled enterprises were multiplied by final demand of products of domestic owned enterprises. CO₂ emissions in exports of domestic controlled enterprises: CO₂ emission intensities of output (reflecting CO₂ emissions emitted during the production of goods and services by industry from the combustion of fuel) of domestic controlled enterprises were multiplied by exports for final use of domestic owned enterprises. [Methodology Attachment]