AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
United Kingdom National Whale Stranding Database 1913-2008

Data of whale stranding monitored since 1913 in waters of England and Wales.
The Natural History Museum has been monitoring whale strandings since 1913. In 1324, a statute was passed which gave the Crown qualified rights to cetaceans stranded on, or caught in the waters of England and Wales. Similar rights were claimed for the Crown of Scotland. The animals were described as "Fishes Royal."
In 1913, by agreement with the then Board of Trade, these rights were transferred to the Natural History Museum in London, at that time known as the British Museum (Natural History). Since then, in monitoring cetacean strandings, over 8,000 animals have been recorded, some of the species being new to British waters. Initially, information was stored on a card index. Latterly, information is collated and entered on computer. The resulting database is used to produce distribution maps and analyze information about the biology and ecology of the different species.

The National Stranded Whale Recording Scheme is now the center of a coordinated investigation, funded since April 1990 by the then United Kingdom (UK) Department of the Environment, subsequently by the Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions, and now the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, into the biology and ecology of cetacean populations around the British Isles and is a contribution to the UK's program of research on the North Sea and its response to ASCOBANS (the Agreement on the conservation of Small Cetaceans Of the Baltic And North Seas). Investigations are carried out in association with the Institute of Zoology at Regents Park, London (London Zoo) which has responsibility for coordinating autopsies.

Every year, between 350 and 800 whales, dolphins and porpoises (collectively known as cetaceans) wash up on British shores. Most are dead, but some are still alive. The Museum is responsible for monitoring these strandings. Since The UK Whale - Dolphin Stranding Scheme started in 1913, more than 11,000 animals have been recorded. Museum scientists study the remains of dead stranded cetaceans to learn more about their biology. Their investigations reveal how many cetaceans strand in Britain each year, what species they are, where and when they strand, and the age and sex of the animals. They also research animal behavior and uncover causes of death.

The data our scientists compile is used by other researchers, government agencies, conservationists and animal welfare groups. The information they provide is vital to increasing our understanding of whales, dolphins and porpoises, and conserving them in the future. The UK Whale - Dolphin Stranding scheme is one of the longest-running scientific investigations of its kind. It has generated a wealth of crucial information about these captivating marine mammals.
Norfish: German Herring Fishery 1520-1790

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project.
The German Herring Fishery between 1520 and 1790 was characterised by small "start-up" concerns that attempted to emulate the Flemish and Dutch large industrial scale fisheries that operated in the North Sea. These small companies were hostage to the turbulent fortunes of the period, including major conflicts and major competition from the aforementioned Flemish and Dutch industries, resulting in bursts of activity with long periods of inactivity following almost inevitable collapse.
Norfish: English herring fishery, 1520-1790

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project
The English herring fishery was active as an industry since at least medieval times and likely even earlier (Galloway 2017). The abundance of the annual herring migration from North to South along the East of England coast led to many fleets carrying out their fishing efforts in these productive waters during the herring season, including local English fishers. However, despite the clear engagement in the industry, there is very little archival evidence of actual statistical data that indicates specific catches, landings and import/export figures. Also, there is little indication of the level of domestic consumption for England. This lacuna makes any reasonable evaluation of the magnitude of the herring catch particularly difficult.
The fishery ground near Alexandria. XXI. Tanaidacea and Isopoda by H.J. Larwood (1940).Notes and Memoirs No35.

This is a historical dataset that was published in 1940 by H.J. Larwood and concerns of the faunistic report on the Tanaids and Isopods collected during the floristical and faunistical survey of Adolf Steuer on the coasts near Alexandria mainly with the vessel “El Hoot”.
This dataset covers the time span of 29/8/1933 to 15/11/1933 and contains occurrence data of Tanaids and Isopods in the coasts of Alexandria, Egypt. It also contains informations about individual counts, sex, lifestage and bosy size. The digitization of this dataset was done by LifewatchGreece team.

Tanaidacea and Isopoda species were found in 49 sampling stations near Alexandria, Egypt, eastern Mediterranean.

This dataset is only a part from a large faunistical expedition (http://ipt.medobis.eu/resource?r=egyptexpeditionpreliminaryrepor) that took place in the coasts near Alexandria. The samples were collected by A. Steuer. For bottom samples almost exclusively a dredge with 20x70 cm opening was used. A single catch was made in a depth of 20 m with a large otter trawl in the eastern part of the Bay of Abukir. In general, the motor-launch of the Marine Laboratory "El Hoot" was used for dredging and a rowing boat in shallow water. All excursions were one-day trips. After the expedition, taxonomic identification of the samples was done by specialists. The results of this expedition were published in separate for each taxonomic group volumes. Thus, sampling methods were described in a preliminary report by A. Steuer. Tanaidacea and Isopoda species were identified and described by H.J. Larwood.
SNU-FF Phytoplankton and zooplankton (1999-2010)

This dataset contains phytoplankton and zooplankton data from 1999 to 2010, collected at three stations offshore the Sinop Peninsula, Turkey, located in the Black Sea.
This dataset contains phytoplankton data from 1999 (collected at stations B and D), phytoplankton data from 2002-2004 (collected at station A), Emiliania huxleyi data from 2002-2010 (collected at station A) and zooplankton data from 2002-2004 (collected at station A).

The changes in the quality and quantity of phytoplankton and zooplankton are being monitored at (roughly) one month intervals. Phytoplankton is being sampled at the sea surface, zooplankton samples are being obtained by one vertical tow from 50m water depth to the sea surface.

Phytoplankton total abundance is given in individuals/liter (1999 data) and µg/l (2002-2004 data). No taxa data is available for the phytoplankton. 

The Emiliania huxleyi data is restricted: this data should be considered as presence data. 

Zooplankton total abundance is given in ind/m², which is calculated as follows:B = Abundance (ind/m²) = C / A	 C = Total individual numbers in sampling A = Area of the net mouth (m²) = 3.14 x r² with 		r = Diameter of the net mouth (m)
REDIT 1

The main aim of the REDIT I campaign was to assess the geographical extend of the distribution of the polychaetous Serpulid Ditrupa arietina. Nevertheless, all macrofauna >1mm was identified.
Benthic samples were collected in September-October 1998 on the N.O. Georges Petit along the portion of coast between the Spanish-French border and the mouth of the Rhône River. This section of coast spans about 110 km from South to North and 140 km from West to East. Sampling sites were located on 21 inshore-offshore transects. Most (i.e., 16) transects were sampled at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 m depth. Transects O, P, Q, S and U were only sampled at 10, 20 and 30 m depth. In addition, the transect F was not sampled at 30 m depth. Sediment samples were collected with a 0.1 m² van Veen grab. At each site, 3 grabs were taken for the analyses of benthic macrofauna, and 1 for granulometric and organic content analyses. Macrofauna samples were immediately sieved on a 1 mm mesh and the fauna retained were fixed in 5% formalin. At the laboratory, samples were sorted were later identified to the lowest practical taxonomic level and counted. Unidentified species were only taken into account when they could not be mistaken for other identified species. Granulometric analysis was conducted on fresh sediment using a Coulter® LS Particle Size Analyzer. Organic carbon was measured after acidification (HCl 1N) of freeze-dried sediment using a CHN Perkin Elmer® 2400 analyzer.
Non-indigenous (NIS) and cryptogenic species in European regional seas and adjacent areas

The dataset includes 3305 georeferenced points/records. The data records were gathered using three types: digitatalization, exact occurences and expert judgement. The georeferenced data was extracted from the scientific publications and specialized databases (AquaNIS, ICES and Google scholar).
The main aim to make this database of non-native species is to count invasiveness using the quantitative criteria MER (Sandvik et al. 2013) to predict the spread between different alien species (Srėbaliene. PhD thesis. 2019).
National Pilot Monitoring Studies 2017, Improving Environmental Monitoring in the Black Sea - Phase II (EMBLAS-II), ENPI/2013/313-169, (Macrozoobenthos)

Macrozoobenthos data: species composition, abundance (ind/m²), biomass (g/m²) collected during the survey of the National Pilot Monitoring Studies Ukraine (NPMS UA) in the Ukrainian waters (North-Western part of the Black Sea) onboard the M/V "Auguste Piccard" (Ukraine) in August 2017
Data collected within the EMBLAS-II "EU-UNDP Project 'Improving Environmental Monitoring in the Black Sea' (EMBLAS-II)" (http://emblasproject.org/). EMBLAS-II is co-financed by the European Commission (EC) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The project implementation started on 1 April 2014 and ended on 31 May 2018, having the total duration of 50 months. The EMBLAS project is addressing the overall need for support in protection and restoring the environmental quality and sustainability of the Black Sea. The specific objectives are as follows: Improve availability and quality of Black Sea environmental data in line with the MSFD and Black Sea Strategic Action Plan (2009) needs; Improve partner countries' ability to perform marine environmental monitoring along MSFD principles, taking into account the Black Sea Diagnostic Report II recommendations on capacity building.
The National Pilot Monitoring Studies (NPMS) and Joint Open Sea Survey (JOSS) Programme was developed within the framework of Project Activities. The NPMS-UA-2017 was performed in period 2017.08.15 to 2017.08.20 in the Ukrainian waters (North-Western part of the Black Sea) onboard the M/V "Auguste Piccard" (Ukraine). The macrozoobenthos sampling followed the protocol described in Todorova - Konsulova, 2005. Thus, all samples have been collected with a Van Veen grab with surface of 0.135, washed through a 0.5 mm mesh size sieve, fixed with formaldehyde 4% buffered with seawater and finally stored in plastic jars. In laboratory, the organisms were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. Sampling performed by O. Kachalov (UkrSCES)
Assessment of zooplankton at the site of the sinking of the N.R.P. "S. Miguel"

The parameters that were considered as being able to give indications about the state of zooplanktonic populations were the abundance (biovolume) and the specific and population structures of the epi- (living in the 0 to 150 meters deep) and mesoplanktonic (living in the layer from 150 to 1000 meters deep). The abundance (biovolume) as well as the specific and population structures of epi- (living in 0 to 150 meter depth) and mesoplanktonic (living in 150 to 1000 meter depth) communities were used to assess the condition of zooplanktonic populations.
On October 25, 1994, the N.R.P. "S. Miguel," which was carrying a large amount of old military equipment, was sunk. The ship was sunk in the waters of the Portuguese continental EEZ, near the EEZ's outer edge and the Lisbon parallel. This sinking, which was attempted under controlled conditions under the Oslo Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution, was marred by a mishap, and the ship burst on the surface of the sea before sinking. In addition to the immediate impact of the N.R.P. "S. Miguel" explosion, which was attempted to detect based on a possible decrease in zooplanktonic biomass values in the surface water bed (200 m) in the immediate sinking area, it was also intended to know some "normal" bio-oceanographic conditions in order to detect possible future changes caused by pollutants on board the N.R.P. "S. Miguel".

The epizooplanktonic material was sampled in oblique trawls up to a depth of 200 m using a Bongo 60 net (circular double-mouth net 60 cm in diameter and fitted with two mesh bags of 335 and 505 m aperture). The volume of water sampled in each haul was calculated using the readings of flowmeters attached to each net's mouth. Mesozooplankton was collected using a 10 m2 mouth area Isaacs-Kidd Midwater Raul (IKMT) net with a 505 m mesh bag. The hauls took around 30 minutes to complete at the desired depth.

Study Extent	The epizooplankton was collected in 12 sampling stations, which were distributed as follows: Three stations along the Portuguese coast, one at the sinking site, four surrounding the sinking site and ten miles apart, two at the Josephine bank and one at the Bank Gorringe.
Method step description:

All zooplanktonic material collected was kept in 4 percent neutral formalin, with the exception of a tiny portion of the material collected with IKMT that was frozen for examination of the concentration of heavy metals and PCBs. The biovolume of plankton samples was computed in the lab using the volume of water displaced by the organic material after large organisms (-gt; 1 cm in epizooplankton and -gt; 2.5 cm in mesozooplankton) were removed, and its abundance was calculated per 100 m3 of filtered water. Using a magnifying glass and a binocular microscope, species identification and enumeration were carried out in a counting chamber.
Historical quantitative benthos grab samples from the Southern Baltic Sea - German data

Historical quantitative benthos grab samples from the Southern Baltic Sea, collected by German researchers. The dataset was digitised at the Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel; Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences; Marine Ecology Division; Benthos Ecology section.
The German data have been reconstructed from several sources:

"Hagmeier 1925" Basis of the distribution records: Die Arbeiten mit dem Petersenschen Bodengreifer auf der Ostseefahrt im April 1925
"Hagmeier 1930" Basis of the distribution records: Die Bodenfauna der Ostsee im April 1929 nebst einigen Vergleichen mit April 1925 und Juli 1926
"Hertling 1928" Basis of the distribution records: Untersuchung über die Ernährung von Meeresfischen (zu: Hagmeier: Die Ostseefahrt im Juli 1926)
"Kühlmorgen-Hille 1952-1953" Basis of the distribution records: FIELDWORK
"Kühlmorgen-Hille 1961-1965" Basis of the distribution records: FIELDWORK
"Löwe 1957" Basis of the distribution records: FIELDWORK: Die Sonderstellung der Saßnitz-Rinne in biologischer und fischereilicher Hinsicht
"Petersen 1913" Basis of the distribution records: The animal communities of the sea-bottom and their importance for marine zoogeography
"Schulz 1973" Basis of the distribution records: Biologische Untersuchungen während des internationalen Ostseejahres 1969/70
Phytoplankton abundance and composition and physico-chemical parameters in the Ebro delta embayments (Alfacs Bay and Fangar Bay, North Western Mediterranean)  during 1990-2019

The dataset PHYTOENVDELTA contains the weekly values of abundance (cells/L) for more than 200 taxa of marine planktonic microalgae at 10 sampling stations located in the two embayments of the Ebro delta, together with the physico-chemical parameters (temperature (°C), salinity, oxygen saturation (%) measured at the same sampling stations during 30 years (1990-2019)
The dataset PHYTOENVDELTA contains results of the Phytoplankton Monitoring Program in the main shellfish growing areas of Catalonia located in the Ebro delta. The program was officially launched in 1990 in order to comply with the legislation on official control, and has maintained weekly sampling frequency at 10 stations in total, 5 in each bay until present. Integrated seawater samples are taken from a boat using a silicone hose at all 10 stations, in addition surface and bottom water samples are taken at two central stations, one in each bay. Analysis is conducted using inverted microscopy (Utermöhl method). At each sampling station, seawater temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen profiles are measured in situ using portable multiparametric probes. Identification is conducted to the lowest taxonomical level for the method. Phytoplankton sampling and analysis are accredited under ISO 17025
Plankton community in Bongo net, MOOSE-GE cruises, North-Western Mediterranean Sea

MOOSE GE is a yearly ocean-monitoring cruise which is part of the MOOSE program https://www.moose-network.fr, within the Research Infrastructure ILICO, the aim of which is to monitor the North-Western Mediterranean (considered to act as a model system for larger ocean basins). This dataset contains the planktonic organisms collected by a Bongo net (180 to 200µm mesh) hauled vertically from 200m depth to the surface at each station, therefore covering organisms from ~200µm to ~2cm.
Bongo net (180 to 200µm mesh) hauled vertically from 200m depth to the surface. Sample preserved in 4% buffered formalin and stored over the long term at the Centre de Collections Planctoniques de Villefranche (CCPv). Sample scanned on a ZooScan, images processed with ZooProcess and sorted taxonomically on EcoTaxa, within the Plateforme d'Imagerie Quantitative de Villefranche (PIQv). The PIQv and CCPv platforms are part of EMBRC-France, a national Research Infrastructure supported by ANR, under the reference ANR-10-INSB-02.
YoNAH Encounter

The Years of the North Atlantic Humpback whale (YoNAH) is the broadest-ranging, most intensive study ever undertaken of a marine mammal species. Standardized sampling protocols were used in all areas to minimizes biases due to sampling. The YoNAH project collected photographs of individually distinctive natural markings, genetic samples and behaviour data on humpback whales in the North Atlantic Ocean.
Field work began in January 1992 with a large-scale study of humpbacks in their principal West Indies breeding range at Silver Bank, Navidad Bank and Samana Bay, Dominican Republic; and Mona Passage, Puerto Rico. During summer, sampling was conducted in all the known major North Atlantic feeding grounds: the Gulf of Maine, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Newfoundland, Labrador, southwestern Greenland, Iceland, and Norway. In 1993 the same schedule of field work was repeated. Purpose: The YoNAH project is a unique research program utilizing photo-identification techniques and molecular genetics to conduct an intensive survey of the population ecology of humpack whales throughout their known North Atlantic range. This internationally collaborative project involves scientists from seven nations. YoNAH's vast database supports a wide range of scientific investigations and also provides reliable, detailed information on which to base management policy. Archives of photographs, tissue samples and data will provide a valuable legacy for future research. Supplemental information: [2015-03-24] A sighting record at 1993-02-07 10:45:00 had a wrong animal count of zero. The value is replaced with a blank representing species presence only. The notes for this sighting mentions "NO GROUP SIZE ESTIMATE". A sighting record at 1992-08-04 15:00:00 had a wrong animal count of zero. The value is replaced with "1" that is an average of min and max counts, 0 and 2 respectively. Data collection and analyses were conducted by research groups familiar with the study sites and with a history in use of these techniques for the study of humpback whale ecology. Allied Whale is responsible for photographic analysis and for database management. All the 5,500 photographs have been compared to one another to identify re-sightings. The accompanying databases are receiving final corrections and revisions. There are five datasets from YoNAH, including this one. Behavior of whales were recorded in some surveys. Biopsy samples and photographs were taken if possible. Ships efforts and sightings of species other than humpback whales are recorded in the Effort dataset.
Norfish: Norway West Coast Herring Fishery 1520-1850

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project.
Norway has seen herring as an essential part of the its cultural heritage and is recorded as far back as the 11th century in Snorri Sturluson’s Kings’. The sea teemed with herring in this century according to Sturluson and played an important role in the growth of Norway. This dataset combines sources that provide export data for the Norwegian port of Bergen. These data are available in two tranches and typically provide values in barrels of salted herring that were transported from Bergen.