AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Norfish: Danish Sound herring fishery, 1368-1790

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project.
The series for this dataset provides few given data points and requires a large amount of extrapolation to fill annual values for the Danish Sound (Øresund). It was, nevertheless, perhaps the most important fishery of the Middle Ages. It did decline after the mid-sixteenth century for reasons still unknown.
Norfish: Dutch herring fishery, 1512-1790

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project.
The Dutch Herring Fishery was a vital effort of the North Sea fishing of the late medieval and early modern periods. The Dutch fleet was one of the primary operators in this industry together with the English, French, Danish, Flemish and Spanish fleets. At certain points in this period, the Dutch fleet could be considered to be the largest in terms of landings. The technologies, equipment and methodologies employed by the Dutch were relatively advanced compared with other fleets in very general terms, enabling them to be consistently productive and capable in economic terms. The Dutch Herring Fishery thrived from the beginning of the 16th Century. However, there is a lacuna of information in terms of actual landings, catches and effort spent until records are available from 1580 onwards. The extent of these records provides a clear indication of the relative state of the Fishery which was focused between the Northern ports and the Southern ports which therefore bear comparison and scrutiny.
Observation of marine vulnerable mobile species in Sicilian waters, Ionian Sea (surveys 2015-2019)

Data on different mobile species recorded by expert observers in Sicily, Ionian Sea, with a focus in the Gulf of Catania, in the framework of the project "Dolphin watching and conservation in the Gulf of Catania" promoted by the MareCamp association (years 2015-2019), and the "Floating Laboratories" initiative carried out with the supervision of the Low Impact Fishers of Europe (LIFE) platform (year 2019).
National Pilot Monitoring Studies Phyllophora August 2017, Improving Environmental Monitoring in the Black Sea - Phase II (EMBLAS-II), ENPI/2013/313-169, (Microzooplankton)

"Microzooplankton data: species composition, abundance (ind/m3), biomass (mg/m3) collected during the survey of the National Pilot Monitoring Studies Ukraine (NPMS UA) in the Ukrainian waters (North-Western part of the Black Sea) in the area of the Zernov’s Phyllophora Field onboard the M/V ""Auguste Piccard"" (Ukraine) in August 2017
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Data collected within the EMBLAS-II "EU-UNDP Project 'Improving Environmental Monitoring in the Black Sea' (EMBLAS-II)" (http://emblasproject.org/). EMBLAS-II is co-financed by the European Commission (EC) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The project implementation started on 1 April 2014 and ended on 31 May 2018, having the total duration of 50 months. The EMBLAS project is addressing the overall need for support in protection and restoring the environmental quality and sustainability of the Black Sea. The specific objectives are as follows: Improve availability and quality of Black Sea environmental data in line with the MSFD and Black Sea Strategic Action Plan (2009) needs; Improve partner countries' ability to perform marine environmental monitoring along MSFD principles, taking into account the Black Sea Diagnostic Report II recommendations on capacity building.  
The National Pilot Monitoring Studies (NPMS) and Joint Open Sea Survey (JOSS) Programme was developed within the framework of Project Activities. The NPMS-2017 (Phyllophora) was performed in period 2017.08.16 to 2017.08.18 in the Ukrainian waters (North-Western part of the Black Sea) in the area of the MPA Zernov’s Phyllophora Field onboard the M/V "Auguste Piccard" (Ukraine).  Microzooplankton samples were taken within Zernov Phyllophora Field. In total, 12 samples were taken in August (surface, picnocline and bottom layers). Bouin’s fixed water samples (sample volume was 930 - 985 cm3) were concentrated by settling up to volume 5 cm3 after delivery to the laboratory. Sampling performed by O. Kurilov (IMB NANU).
Occurrence of Eukaryotes in the size fraction >200 micrometres, collected worldwide during the Tara Oceans expedition (2009-2013) using a WPII net and analysed on a ZooScan imaging platform.

The Tara Oceans project sampled contrasting ecosystems of the world oceans during a three-year expedition (2009-2013), collecting environmental data and plankton, from viruses to metazoans, on board the 36-metre Tara Schooner. It surveyed 210 ecosystems in 20 biogeographic provinces, collecting over 35,000 samples of seawater and plankton. Samples were later analysed using modern sequencing and state-of-the-art imaging technologies.
We are keen to thank the commitment of the following people and sponsors who made this singular expedition possible: CNRS, EMBL, Genoscope/CEA, VIB, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, UNIMIB, ANR (projects POSEIDON, BIOMARKS, PROMETHEUS, and TARA-GIRUS), FWO, BIO5, Biosphere 2, agnès b., the Veolia Environment Foundation, Region Bretagne, World Courier, Illumina, Cap L'Orient, the EDF Foundation EDF Diversiterre, FRB, the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, Etienne Bourgois, the Tara schooner and its captain and crew. Tara Oceans would not exist without the continuous support of the participating 23 institutes
Abundance of Diadema antillarum (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) on the coast of Venezuela: 1975-2003

Diadema antillarum is a shallow-water sea-urchin from the tropical Atlantic whose populations almost disappeared in 1983-84, because of widespread mortalities, which reached 87-100%. In Venezuela, urchin population densities before the mortality event were comparable to those of other Caribbean regions; however, later abundancies remain unknown. Daytime samplings were carried out on different dates, evaluating areas that ranged between 22 and 565 square meters. For this, transects were placed with a variable length that depended on the extension of the coral or rocky community present, as well as the distribution of Diadema populations. The sea urchins were quantified using a 1 square meter quadrant as a sampling unit, which was placed along the transect, spaced according to the size of the evaluated area and the characteristics of the coral or reef community (Table 1). Diadema density was referred to as the number of urchins per square meters.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the recent densities of certain D. antillarum populations along the Venezuelan coasts and compare the densities at the Parque Nacional Mochima before and after the mortality.

Title	Project -  Marine Biodiversity in Venezuela Caribe Sur
Identifier -	BID-CA2020-025-NAC
Funding -	Curaduría y movilizacion de datos: Proyecto GBIF-CaribeSur BID-CA2020-025-NAC

A total of six locations on the coast of Venezuela were evaluated, of which five are located on the continental coast (Mochima National Park, Ensenada de Oricao, Ensenada de Chichiriviche de la Costa, Morrocoy National Park, and Cuare Wildlife Refuge) and one in the oceanic area (Los Roques Archipelago National Park) (Fig. 1). The selection of locations was based on the study of reefs and coral communities located mainly in national parks and other areas where Diadema currently exists.

Bibliographic Citations
Noriega, N., Pauls, S. M., - del Mónaco, C. (2006). Abundancia de Diadema antillarum (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) en las costas de Venezuela. Revista de biología tropical, 54(3), 793-802.
Assessment of Zooplankton in the area of Prestige oil tanker accident

Zooplankton was sampled in four radials, with three coverings in radial 1 with a two-day interval and just one covering in radials 2, 3, and 4.
The current study was based on samples conducted aboard the NRP "Almeida Carvalho" during cruise CECIR XIV from the 3rd to the 9th of May 1988 in the coastal area between Porto and Figueira da Foz.
The samples were collected using a WP2 plankton net. The trawls were conducted in a vertical direction at a speed of 1 m/s, stratified between the depth levels of 0-20 m, 20-60 m, and 60-150 m, resulting in a total of 99 zooplankton harvests.
The samples were preserved in borax-buffered 5% formalin (pH 8.5 - 9). The biovolume of the samples was calculated using the displaced volume method, with the largest organisms (-gt;1cm) removed beforehand. The biomass of zooplankton was measured in m1/m3. The zooplankton were identified and counted using stereomicroscopes in counting chambers (with grid of 50 squares with about 1 cm on a side).

The spatial and temporal variability of zooplankton during sardine spawning (May) in an area off Porto - Figueira da Foz was analysed. The distribution of zooplankton in the water column indicated a day-night rhythm of vertical migration, since the biomass between 20 and 60 meters depth was significantly higher during the night that during the day. From the application of principal component analysis to the more frequent taxa the following spatio-temporal patterns were obtained: a) A community with neritic characteristics was identified in position to a community with oceanic characteristics. This aspect of spatial variability weighted highly in the total variability of the samples. b) Vertical stratification by taxonomic groups and the influence of hidrodinâmica processes (daily advection) on zooplanktonic communities. c) Changes with time in the distribution of some species seem to have been determined by saline fronts.
Norfish: Faroes cod fishery, 1520-1807

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project.
The Faroese data provide a hitherto vacant assessment of the state of fishing and fisheries in the late medieval and early modern period for this small but important and indicative industry. While expert opinions and assessments abound, the lacuna of actual contiguous data for the period can now be filled to an extent where factual, quantitative analysis may be carried out.
Norfish: Irish Herring Fishery 1520-1790

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project.
The Irish herring fisheries were highly productive at the beginning of the sixteenth century and were one of the largest industries in Ireland at that time (Hayes, 2021). The fishery suffered a decline towards the end of the sixteenth century due to a mixture of persistent warfare, environmental change and shifts in market conditions. The fishery recovered in the seventeenth century but was severely disrupted during the 1641 Rebellion and Confederate period in Ireland. Large scale herring fishing again resumed in the later seventeenth century and continued to fluctuate over the next century, before briefly becoming one of the most productive herring fisheries in Europe in the later eighteenth century.
Norfish: Flemish herring fishery, 1386-1790

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project.
From medieval times and into the early modern period, the port of Oostende (Ostend) was a primary fishing port on the Flemish coast, second only to Nieuwport (Nieuwpoort) in Flanders. The Flemish coastal fisheries produced an industry that was highly developed and influential, reaching markets of the Hanseatic League along the Baltic coast, England and the Mediterranean. This “Golden Age” of Flemish Fisheries Oostende’s fishing effort was interrupted by natural effects such as the silting of its harbour, and numerous human affects such as warfare and political interference. However, due to ingenuity and fortitude of its fishermen, and the application of revolutionary modern techniques for treating caught fish, the industry developed apace.
Dutch coast monitoring - Natuurlijk Veilig: Benthos Survey

This dataset contains benthic sampling results from a survey between 2009 and 2014 on the Dutch coast of Ameland. The original dataset contains values on biomass and abundance, however, they are bulk values. Several species combined give an abundance and a biomass value.
Sampling MethodsSteek frame: NA Van Veenhapper: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0653/Study ExtentAmeland coast
Norfish: Iceland Cod Landings 1520-1871

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project.
The Icelandic Fisheries were highly productive and drew attention from both domestic and various foreign markets. While the gear deployed and the methods used for fishing did not vary significantly during the early modern period, there were several influences on the industry that impacted either negatively or positively. For instance, human intervention in the standard fishing practices, such as acts of war, market pressures, etc. led to variability in the total catches that were made on an annual basis. Natural influences were an issue as well; fish migration and stock levels, weather/climate conditions, etc. played their part in the types of inconsistencies that pervaded the era.
Norfish: French North East Atlantic Cod Fishery 1520-1829

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project.
The French cod fishery 'may' be sourced as early as the 12th century when Basques crossed the Atlantic in search of whales. In the 15th century, following the Basques, Bretons and Normans were active off the Grand Banks of Newfoundland. By about 1550, Dunkerque fishers became active in the North Sea, catching cod that migrated from the English Channel. (Villamarque 1995, p.9) This dataset focuses on French catches off the coast of Iceland and in the North Sea, but may include catches in the Channel and surrounding waters. Little is known about the 15th and 16th centuries in statistical terms. As per the examples above, some anecdotal evidence is available to verify the activity of a fishery. Data was assembled in tranches based on availability. Several specific periods arise.
Norfish: English North-East Atlantic cod fishery, 1520-1790

NorFish is a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant led by Prof Poul Holm in Trinity College Dublin, focuses on the premise that a 16th century shift in marine fish pricing and supply in conjunction with the Little Ice Age and lowering of sea temperatures not only rise to the North Atlantic Fish Revolution but also forms one of the first documented examples of the disrupting effects of globalisation and climate change. The project examines the role of the Fish Revolution for a range of inter-related aspects of North Atlantic history, with NorFish’s interdisciplinary team drawing on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to develop interpretative frameworks that synthesise a broad spectrum of source data to assess the overall objective of the project. NorFish’s interdisciplinary team draws on archaeology, history, cartography, geography, and ecology to assess the objectives of the project.
The importance of the English cod fishery in the North East Atlantic is perhaps overlooked in the light of the Newfoundland cod fishery. However, particularly in the 15th and the early 16th century, it was an important industry for England.
Ionian Sea mega-fauna monitoring employing a sailing vessel along random tracks from 2008 to 2018

In June 2008 Gaia Research Institute Onlus started a systematic survey of mega-fauna in the Northern Eastern Ionian Sea, in cooperation with the researchers of the Life and System Biology Department of the University of Turin (Italy). GAIA_IONIAN_2008-2018 dataset includes ten years of effort (survey track) and sightings data of marine mammals and marine reptiles collected by experienced marine mammal observers (MMOs) on board of a 12m sailing vessel. MMOs visually inspected both sides (130° angle) of the research vessel, while navigating along random transects. Distance and angle from the track line of each sighting were always recorded.
F.M.Ghazzawi (1938) Plankton of the Egyptian waters. Two Cladocera from the plankton. Notes and Memories of the Hydrobiology and Fisheries Directorate of Egypt, Notes and Memories No 31

This paper presents the identification of two species, namely Podon polyphemoides and Penilia avirostris by F.M.Ghazzawi, through plankton catches. It includes microphotographs and drawings of the above mentioned species.
Study Extent	Plankton catches were collected from the Suez Canal and the Eastern and Western Harbour of Alexandria.
Quality Control: 	Taxonomic quality control through WoRMS
Method step description:

Adolf Steuer.Preliminary report.The Fishery Grounds Near Alexandria. Notes and Memories No 8. http://ipt.medobis.eu/resource?r=egyptexpeditionpreliminaryrepor http://ipt.medobis.eu/manage/resource?r=egypt1
Adriatic and Ionian Sea mega-fauna monitoring employing ferry as platform of observation along the Ancona-Igoumenitsa-Patras lane, from December 2014 to December 2018

In December 2014 Gaia Research Institute Onlus started a systematic survey of mega-fauna in the Adriatic and Ionian Sea Region, employing ferry as a platform of observation, along the Ancona - Patra (ANPA) lane. Monitoring activity is part of the Fixed Line Transect Mediterranean Monitoring Network (FLT Med Net), led by ISPRA (Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research).
GAIA_ADRION_FLT Network-ANPA_2014-2018 includes four years of effort (survey tracks) and sightings data of marine mammals, marine reptiles and marine birds collected from dedicated trained Marine Mammal Observers (MMOs) on board of ferries. Data were collected from MMOs placed on both sides of the command deck of ferries. MMOs data collection followed standard line transect protocol. Each observer covered an angle of 130° from the bow, while the back of the ship was checked randomly to avoid double counting of sightings. Animals were not approached, but distance and angle from the track line were always recorded.