AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Remote Sensing and Sea-Truth Measurements of Methane Flux to the Atmosphere

Project Final Report-DE-NT0005638-The project will enhance scientific understanding related to the amount of methane that may be contributed to the atmosphere from oil-associated, deep water, hydrocarbon seep sites and will improve upon understanding the fate of methane as it transitions through ocean bottom sediment and the water column. The project will also improve upon methods of estimating seep occurrence through the use of satellite imagery and will inform studies of consumption of methane in marine sediments under different geologic regimes. All of these advancements will help provide key data on the fate of marine methane, which is a necessary component in the understanding of the contribution that gas hydrates may play in the global carbon cycle, and what impact hydrates could have on global climate.

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Fatigue Performance of High Strength Riser Materials Subjected to Sour Environments

Project Final Report-07121-1403-The goal of this project is to assess the fatigue performance of new high strength materials required for ultra-deepwater high pressure, high temperature (HPHT) risers, under representative conditions. These materials include high strength steel and titanium linepipe, high strength forgings, and nickel-base alloys.

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Fiber Containing Sweep Fluids for Ultra Deepwater Drilling Applications

Project Final Report-08121-2902-07-The overall objectives of this project are to: i) improve the understanding of fiber sweeps; ii) develop fiber sweep systems that improve hole cleaning in UDW drilling operations; iii) minimize loss circulation, stuck pipe and other hole cleaning related problems; iv) develop models and correlations that can be used to predict fiber sweep performance to ease designing procedures and optimize sweep applications; v) recommend the best practices to perform fiber sweeps; vi) reduce drilling costs and improve operational safety; and vii) develop sweep technology that minimizes the impacts of drilling on the natural environment.

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Autonomous Inspection of Subsea Facilities - Phase 2

Project Final Report Phase 2-09121-3300-05-The work performed under Phase II of RPSEA 09121-3300-05 contract successfully demonstrated an autonomous inspection capability of underwater oil and gas facilities utilizing Lockheed Martin-developed (patent pending) autonomy software installed on Lockheed Martin’s Marlin™ Autonomous Underwater Vehicle. These autonomous inspections were conducted in Gulf of Mexico waters during the summer of 2011 on various Chevron-owned offshore facilities. During these inspection runs, the capability to autonomously image (using onboard 3D sonar) and re-construct high resolution 3D models of underwater facilities was demonstrated when no prior information about the facility was available. Also demonstrated with the Marlin™ AUV, was the capability to autonomously detect anomalies within an underwater facility in real-time when prior knowledge of the condition of the platform was available.

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SRP Shrink Fit Connection

Project Final Report-09121-3500-02-The Shrink‐Fit connection approach to riser fabrication has been successfully designed and developed to enable the manufacture of riser systems from high strength thick walled pipe that are capable of operating with high internal pressures, beyond that which are typically available within the industry today. This technology has already been employed for manufacture of a shallow water drilling riser system in the North Sea.

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High Resolution 3D Laser Imaging for Inspection, Maintenance, Repair, and Operations

Project Final Report-09121-3300-06-The primary objective of this project is to radically improve the accuracy and efficiency of the inspection, maintenance, and repair of ultra deepwater assets. Specifically, the project will raise the TRL of 3D at Depth’s underwater 3D laser scanner (the LaserFish) from 2 to 5/6.  The objective of the consortium is to eventually utilize the technology to dramatically improve the processes and methodologies used in underwater survey and metrology just as laser scanning has done for terrestrial inspection, maintenance, repair, and construction projects.

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Characterization of Methane Degradation and Methane-Degrading Microbes in Alaska Coastal Waters

Project Final Report-DE-NT0005666-This project will estimate rates of methane degradation and examine methanotrophic microbes present in arctic coastal sediments and the water column. Because of their large reservoirs of methane and methane hydrates and their sensitivity to climate change, arctic coastal oceans are an important potential contributor to atmospheric methane release. In addition to direct effects of temperature on methane hydrate stability, increasing temperature has contributed to decreasing sea ice in the Arctic over the last decade, which could lead to even higher methane fluxes to the atmosphere in the near future. This project will help to fill in critical gaps in our understanding of methane fluxes in the climate-sensitive environment of the Arctic.

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Mechanisms Leading to Co-existence of Gas and Hydrate in Ocean Sediments

Project Final Report-DE-FC26-06NT43067-The mass of carbon held in sediments below the sea-floor is a significant element of the earth’s carbon cycle. The amount currently in place may be large enough to implicate methane hydrates in global warming events in the geological past and also to raise the prospect of a vast energy resource. However, estimates of this mass and the rate at which it can accumulate in or dissipate from sediments vary widely. One reason for this is the difficulty in ascertaining the form and spatial distribution of methane within the HSZ. This project will quantitatively describe the manner in which methane is transported within the HSZ and will seek to prove or disprove the following hypothesis: The coupling among geomechanics, the dynamics of gas/water interfaces, and the phase behavior of gas/brine/hydrate systems, make co-existence of free gas and hydrate in the HSZ inevitable.

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Conjunctive Surface and Groundwater Management in Utah: Implications for Oil Shale and Oil Sands Development

Project Topical Report-DE-FE0001243-Conjunctive management holds promise as a means of addressing some of the West's most intractable problems. Conjunctive management can firm up water supplies by more effectively capturing spring runoff and surplus water, and by integrating its use with groundwater withdrawals; surface and groundwater use can be further integrated with managed aquifer recharge projects. Such integration can maximize water storage and availability, while simultaneously minimizing evaporative loss, reservoir sedimentation, and surface use impacts.  Any of these impacts, if left unresolved, could derail commercial-scale unconventional fuel development. Unconventional fuel developers could therefore benefit from incorporating conjunctive use into their development plans.

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Cost-Effective Treatment of Produced Water Using Co-Produced Energy Sources for Small Producers

Project Final Report-07123-05-This project seeks to demonstrate a cost-effective process for produced water purification at the wellhead using a low-temperature distillation unit. The researchers will construct a demonstration unit that can utilize solar energy and coproduced geothermal energy for wellhead produced water desalination and will conduct a pilot test at two wellhead locations for a period of one year. Technical feasibility and economic efficiency of the proposed process will be evaluated by testing the energy consumption, maintenance cost, and durability.

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Electrical Power Generation from Produced Water: Field Demonstration of Ways to Reduce Operating Costs of Small Producers

Project Final Report-08123-10-The short-term goal of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of using produced water and a modified waste heat generator to generate electricity for field operations in marginal fields operated by small oil and gas companies. The long-term goal is to spur the wider use of this technology for generating electricity. This technology could lower the cost of electricity for the producing companies, extend the life of some mature wells, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions associated with oil and gas operations.

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Development of Carbon Nanotube Composite Cables for Ultra Deep Water Oil and Gas Fields

Project Final Report -Phase1- 09121-3300-10-The purpose of this project is to develop a new technology for electrical power cables, using a composite of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and copper. The primary goal is to build a CNT-copper composite cable with twice the conductivity of an equivalent size pure copper cable. This composite cable should also be lighter and stronger than a comparable copper cable. The higher conductivity of this new power cable will allow more electrical power to be delivered downhole in wells to power more boost (pumping) capacity and greater well productivity. The new cable would transmit electrical power more efficiently, with less loss than a copper cable. The new cable could facilitate moving more processing components to the seafloor from surface facilities. It could also help enable extending tiebacks to longer distances while carrying as much or more electrical power along the tiebacks. With its increased ability to carry power where it is most needed, the technology could help lower the cost of developing deepwater oil/gas resources.

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Water-Related Issues Affecting Conventional Oil and Gas Recovery and Potential Oil Shale Development in the Uinta Basin, Utah

Project Final Report-DE-NT0005671-The goal of this project is to overcome existing water-related environmental barriers to possible oil shale development in the Uinta Basin, Utah. Data collected from this study will help alleviate problems associated with disposal of produced saline water, which is a by-product of methods used to facilitate conventional hydrocarbon production.

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Zero Discharge Water Management for Horizontal Shale Gas Well Development

Project Final Report Fe0001466- The FilterSure multi-media filter technology offers a new, cost-effective approach ideally suited for removing suspended solids associated with frac return water while promising an order of magnitude improvement in operating efficiency. The filter is expected to replace all of the pre-treatment steps now being examined under the DOE contract, dramatically reducing the costs and enhancing the attractiveness of water re-use.

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HYDROGENATION OF SHALE GAS OIL - PART 5

The results summarized in this report have been obtained as part of a study of the hydrogenation of shale gas oil. This work is designed to provide information about the kinetics of shale gas oil hydrogenation and the mechanisms of the hydrogenation reaction. It has been performed under an extension of research grand PET-20 from the Bureau of Mines, United States Department of Interior.

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The Bakken-An Unconventional Petroleum and Reservoir System

Project Final Report-DE-NT0005672-The goals of this project are to accurately assess the hydrocarbon potential for the Bakken stratigraphic interval on a sub-regional basis; to construct an integrated exploration model for the Bakken; and to build a fully integrated three-dimensional reservoir geo-model for the Middle Bakken reservoirs in the Elm Coulee area.

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RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FOR CRYSTALLINE ROCK PROJECT.

"This contract provides for continuation by Battelle Memorial Institute (hereinafter referred to as the Contractor), acting through its Project Management Division (BPMD) , of the research, development and program management activities for the Department of Energy's (DOE) Crystalline Rock Project, as described herein, which is part of DOE's National Waste Terminal  Storage Program."

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PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SWEDISH BLACK SHALE

Black shale is the most important reserve of fossil energy in the Swedish bedrock. Due to a low H/C ratio and a high sulfur content the shale is not suitable for oil production with pyrolysis processes. The best way to use it, is for production of synthesis gas with a gasification process. In the technical use the black shale can be considered a poor low-grade coal.

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C-B SHALE OIL PROJECT OCCIDENTAL OIL SHALE, INC.

The Environmental Baseline Period for Oil Shale Tract C-b covered the period from November 1, 1974, to October 31, 1976. Results have been reported in nine Quarterly Data Reports, eight Quarterly Summary Reports, Annual Summary and Trends Report, and a 5- volume Environmental Baseline Program, Final Report, all submitted to the Area Oil Shale Supervisor.

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Physicochemical Studies of Tender Mix and Nontender Mix Asphalts

Eight Federal Highway Administration-supplied asphalts, which have established field performance histories relative to tender-mix pavements, were examined by three physicochemical methods. The purpose of the study was to elucidate some fundamental differences between the nontender and tender-mix asphalts. Heat-of-immestion measurements and resilient deformation measurements showed reasonable correlations with tender-mix pavements, while percent n-hexane asphaltenes and their infrared spectra did not.

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Development of a Mobile Compressor and Utility Station

A compressor and utility station, which is believed to be one of the largest mobile units of this type ever constructed, was placed in operation at the Bureau of Mines experimental oil shale mine near Rifle, Colorado, during 1949. This mobile unit mounts two 770-cubic-feet-per-minute air compressors, a 2,500 gallon water tank, and a 200-cubic-foot air receiver. The mobile base of the unit is a 30 ton trailer 30 feet long and 12 feet wide. Prior to the construction of this unit, compressed air was supplied to underground workings through the pipe lines connecting with a stationary compressor plant on the surface. The power consumed in supplying compressed air to underground drilling crews was 0.531 kw-hr per ton of shale broken. Use of the mobile unit has cut this figure to 0.421 kw-hr per ton of shale broken and, more important, has eliminated the cost of installing and maintaining underground air and water lines.

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DESIGN AND OPERATING MANUAL FOR THE LARAMIE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CENTER REVERSE OSMOSIS UNIT

"The Laramie Energy Technology Center (LETC) reverse osmosis (RO) unit is a mobile pilot-scale wastewater treatment unit based on the principle of reverse osmosis membrane separation, also called hyperfiltration. The unit is designed primarily to obtain long-term data on the performance of reverse osmosis membranes in the purification of wastewaters from oil shale retort operations; it is capable of continuous operation in the field with minimum operator attention. The design, fabrication and field testing of the unit in 1982 are a logical continuation of previous laboratory tests sponsored by LETC.    This design and operating manual for the LETC RO unit contains a brief introduction of the principle of reverse osmosis, a summary of previous research efforts by Water Purification Associates (WPA), design specifications and operating instructions for the unit, process and instrumentation (P&I) diagrams and a complete set of drawings for the fabrication and assembly of the unit."

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REPORT ON A SHALE-OIL EXCHANGE NITROGEN ANALYSIS PROGRAM

"The determination of nitrogen contents of shale-oils has been shown to present a definite problem. Seventeen laboratories, largely from the petroleum and coal tar industries participated in a shale-oil exchange nitrogen analysis program. The reported values for the nitrogen contents of the three shale-oil samples distributed were not consistent among laboratories.    Contain groupings of the values and a consideration of systematic errors inherent in the analytical methods permitted the selection of a most probably nitrogen-content value for each of the three samples. The Kjeldahl macromethod was indicated to be the best of the several methods used for nitrogen determination. The Dumas micromethod appeared to be less satisfactory."

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COMPUTERIZED DATA ACQUISITION METHODS FOR IN SITU PETROLEUM RECOVERY EXPERIMENTS

"The Laramie Energy Technology Center has conducted several in situ field experiments for the recovery of fossil fuel substances. This paper describes the data acquisition and process control instrumentation that was used during recent in situ field experiments in tar sand combustion, oil shale retorting, and underground coal gasification. Specifics to be discussed include instrumentation for automatic gas sampling and analysis, underground temperature and pressure instrumentation, pressure and flow measurement and control, hardware configurations, and the software systems used to monitor, control, and record the processes.  The paper also includes comparisons of the instrumentation, computer hardware, and the software used on each of the three most recent experiments. The best features of these systems can now be adapted to future applications in the field or in the laboratory."

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ANALYTICAL TOOL DEVELOPMENT USING INFORMATION THEORY--FINAL REPORT

Data on synthetic fuel byproducts, such as Rock Springs data on oil shale retort byproducts and Hanna data on coal gasification byproducts, has been analyzed by various statistical procedures. It is found that standard statistical procedures, which assume Gaussian probability distributions for each concentration variable, are often inadequate. This investigation is the subject of part I of the enclosed report. A discriminated analysis is then proposed in detail to analyze the data where probability distribution functions (pdf’s) are obtained by using the principle of maximum entropy (see part II). Preliminary numerical results from the new procedure are presented and discussed. Recommendations for further studies are also given.

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ANALYTICAL TOOL DEVELOPMENT USING INFORMATION THEORY--ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT (3/1/82-3/1/83)

"LETC continually monitors the process waters at and near their experimental sites, in compliance with federal standards. Samples are periodically taken and submitted to independent 1.bs for chemical analysis. Usually about 20 tests are performed for each sample, though there have been as many as 45 or as few as 2. There are three major sources for our data: Rock springs } in situ oil shale, Hanna } underground coal gasification, TS-1S } tar sands.  We have various other data from earlier experiments and retort runs, but these do not really fit into any well defined group.  Or each of the 3 major data sets, there are divisions into sites and subdivisions by wells. The geographical layout of the wells is different for every site, but the wells tend to form a grid around the given site. Some of the wells can therefore be quite isolated from others at the same site. Our task has been to try to set up some coherent scheme for analyzing the data, for trying to assess its environmental impact and to determine which parameters are most important in determining this impact."

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RADIOTRACER BREAKTHROUGH

This technical brief summarizes the results of research demonstrating the feasibility of radiolabeling complex mixtures of organic compounds. Tritium can be incorporated uniformly and randomly into non-exchangeable positions in samples consisting of a diversity of compound types (e.g., oil, industrial process streams, etc.). Potential applications for using such radiolabelled materials as radiotracers in biological, environmental and chemical investigations are illustrated.

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SYNTHETIC LIQUID FUELS HEARINGS BEFORE A SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC LANDS AND SURVEYS UNITED STATES SENATE SEVENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON S. 1243

A bill authorizing the construction and operation of demonstration plants to produce synthetic liquid fuels from coal and other substances, in order to aid the prosecution of the war, to conserve and increase the oil resources of the nation, and for other purposes.

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ASPHALTS FROM ROCKY MOUNTAIN CRUDE OILS: LABORATORY PREPARATION AND COMPARISON

"The work reported herein was done by the Bureau of Mines Petroleum and Oil-Shale Experiment Station at Laramie, Wyo., in cooperation with the University of Wyoming o obtain information that might lead to a more complete utilization of Wyoming asphalt-bearing crude oils. It involved the laboratory preparation of asphalts from Wyoming and other asphalt-bearing crude oils and the determination of the yields, compositions, and properties of the asphalts. The characteristics of various Wyoming crude oils, as determined by the Bureau of Mines method of analysis, have been published (11, 32, 45). These analyses provide information on the naphtha and the oil fractions of the crude oils but do not give the yield and characteristics of their asphaltic portions. The present paper combines the results of previous investigations (41, 42) with recent studies on 117 asphalts from 25 crude oils of Wyoming, Arkansas, California, Montana, and Mexico.  The suitability of the Wyoming asphalts for commercial applications is indicated by a comparison of their important specification properties with those of asphalts from crude oils used extensively for the manufacture of commercial asphalts. This comparison shows that the properties of asphalts from the Montana and Wyoming crude oils compare favorably with those from Arkansas and are intermediate between the asphalts from certain California and Mexico crude oils; all three of these are used widely by the asphalt industry. The suitability of the asphalts for specific commercial applications was not determined by service and performance tests."

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REVIEW OF BUREAU OF MINES ENERGY PROGRAM, 1971

Research was continued in 1971 to help meet the challenge of satisfying increasing fuel and electric power demands without destroying the natural environment and jeopardizing future resource requirements. Covered in the first half of this report is a review of accomplishments for a variety of projects related to the environmental aspects of extraction, processing, and utilization of coal, oil and gas, followed by accounts of research on coal mine safety; coal storage, preparation, and transportation; electric power generation from coal; coal, char, and chemicals from coal carbonization; fluid fuels and chemicals from coal by synthesis processes; new coal products and uses; chemical and physical properties of coal and related materials; analytical and test procedures; and inspection, sampling, and analysis. The rest of the publication covers research on petroleum, natural gas, and oil shale, including 15 sections, as follows: petroleum reservoir geochemistry; reservoir properties; petroleum exploration and production; stimulative production methods; oil recovery from tar sands; energy systems model for technology planning; petroleum composition; thermodynamics; petroleum-product properties; environmental activities; in situ processing; control and management of oil-shale wastes; occurrence, properties, and characteristics of oil shales; characteristics of shale oils; modification of shale oils. Listed at the end of the report are 1971 publications associated with the work described, classified under the same subject categories.

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