AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT MINING, CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION FOR A FULL SIZE MODULE AT THE ANVEIL POINTS OIL SHALE FACILITY, RIFLE, GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO

The statement assesses impacts associated with mining up to 11 million tons of oil shale and subsequent construction and operation of a full-size oil shale module at the Anvil Points Oil Shale Facility in Garfield County, Colorado. Modeling results predict that the facility will comply with all Federal ambient air quality standards. Land disturbance during the 18-month construction period is expected to cause 600 to 80,000 tons of sediment loading in the Colorado River, depending upon the use of runoff control techniques. Retort process water will be deposited in the Balzac Gulch retorted shale disposal site.

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FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT ON THE UINTAH BASIN SYNFUELS DEVELOPMENT

This EIS assesses the environmental impacts of synfuel projects proposed for the Uintah basin of northeastern Utah. Site-specific impact analyses are presented for five projects, including their alternatives, proposed to begin construction within the next two years. These projects are the Enercor Rainbow Project, magic Circle Cottonwood Wash Project, Paraho-Ute Project, Syntana-Utah Project, and Tosco Sand Wash Project.

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FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF THE WHITE RIVER DAM PROJECT

This EIS assesses the environmental consequences of five alternatives designed to supply water for energy development, including oil shale, in Uintah County, Utah. The alternatives involve the Utah Division of water resources proposal 1) to construct the White River Damn, reservoir, and hydroelectric power plant; also, 2) no action; 3) pumping from the White River and augmenting from Hell's Hole Canyon Dam; 4) pumping from Green river; 5) pumping from White River and supplementing with water pumped from the Green River. This final EIS may result in amendments to the Bonanza and Rainbow Management Framework Plans.

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DRAFT SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT FOR THE PROTOTYPE OIL SHALE LEASING PROGRAM

This environmental impact statement examines the environmental and socioeconomic impacts that would result from that proposed action. The purpose of this document is to assist the Secretary of Interior in making a decision on whether or not to hold a lease sale in March 1983, and if one is held, which tracts to offer. It supplements the 1973 Prototype Environmental Impact Statement, updating environmental data which has become available since that time, and analyzing the impacts of leasing an additional tract that was not included in that document.

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FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT PROPOSED SUPERIOR OIL COMPANY LAND EXCHANGE AND OIL SHALE RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

The DES was filed with the EPA and made available to the public on July 12, 1979. Its availability and the time and place for the public hearing were announced in the Federal Register by the Department of the Interior and EPA on July 17, 1979, and July 20, 1979, respectively, and by regional news media.

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PEER REVIEW OF:  ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF MODIFIED IN-SITU OIL SHALE RETORT ABANDONMENT

The purpose of the peer review session was to review the current research activities dealing with retort abandonment funded by the Department, in order to determine whether various research efforts are being properly conducted, whether objectives and budget allotments are appropriate, and whether overall goals of the Department's research program are timely. The agenda for the meeting including the speakers and their topics is included in Appendix B. Adequate time was allowed following each presentation for questions. Following the organized presentations, participants discussed the research as a whole. This informal discussion provided an opportunity for discussion of industrial, academic, and governmental viewpoints. The reviewers considered it stimulating and worthwhile.

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AN ENVIRONMENTAL INPACT ANALYSIS FOR SHALE OIL COMPLEX AT PARACHUTE CREEK, COLORADO. VOLUME III PART THREE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OFF-SITE DEVELOPMENT PART IV CONCLUSION

The Socio-Economic discussion contained in this analysis is divided into three sections. The first relates to a historical inventory of the present status and facilities of the three-county region, which includes Garfield, Rio Blanco and Mesa Counties. The second section of the analysis presents a brief summary of the environmental programs which have been conducted in connection with off site development. The third section contains an analysis of potential socio-economic impacts upon the counties of Garfield and Mesa which may result from various development patterns. It is felt that because of the location of the proposed action at the head of Parachute Creek, little if any impact will be felt in Rio Blanco County. Present transportation corridors, housing patterns and business activity patterns strongly support this conclusion.

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PROGRESS REPORT ALUMINA FROM DAWSONITE IN OIL SHALE WATER LEACHING

The work described in this progress report was done to determine if the alumina content of the dawsonite in oil shale is water-extractable. Natural dawsonite, synthetic dawsonite, and oil shale containing 6% alumina in dawsonite were extracted with water. The range of conditions tested included no retorting and retorting at temperatures between 500 and 700C. The shale was then water leached at temperatures up to 195C. The highest extractions, 45% of the dawsonite contained alumina, were obtained when shale, calcined at 600C for 2 hours was extracted with water at 100C.

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FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT OIL SHALE RETORT RESEARCH PROJECT ANVIL POINTS, COLORADO

The proposed action would encourage further research on the development of surface retorting of oil shale and, at the same time, provides experience and information on waste management techniques. Specifically, the Bureau of Mines proposes to reactivate, under lease, its Anvil Points Oil Shale Research Facility near Rifle, Colorado, which had been previously operated by the Bureau from1944 to 1956 and, under lease, by a private research foundation over the period 1964-68.

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CHEMICAL AND MINERAL COMPOSITION DATA ON OIL SHALE AND RETORTED OIL-SHALE WASTES FROM RULISON, COLORADO

In May of 1981, a retorted oil-shale waste pile and an oil-shale mine were sampled at Rulison, Colorado. The oil shale mine and retort was operated by the US Bureau of Mines from 1926 until 1929. In the Colorado-Utah-Wyoming region, the Rulison site contains the only sizeable area of retorted oil-shale waste representing retorting activities before 1950. The oil shale was mined above the plant and retorted by processes similar to those used for modern above ground retorting. The objectives of this study were to investigate the chemical and mineralogical changes during 50 years of weathering of spent shale and differences between the chemical and mineral composition of the oil shale used in the retorts and the retorted oil shale waste.

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EVOLUTION OF NITROGEN CONSTITUENTS FROM FOSSIL FUELS DURING TEMPERATURE PROGRAMMED ELEMENTAL NITROGEN ANALYSIS

A newly developed technique used to study the chemical reactivity of nitrogen compounds with road paving aggregates was applied to various fossil fuels. The technique involves temperature-programmed thermal liberation of the nitrogen constituents from the fossil fuel organic-mineral matrix followed by chemiluminescent detection of the evolved nitrogen. Analyses were performed on US and foreign oil shales, North American tar sand samples, and several coal samples.

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EVALUATION, COMPARISON, AND INVENTION OF AN ELECTROLYSIS/OLEOPHILIC POLYURETHANE FOAM PROCESS FOR ECONOMICAL TREATMENT OF OIL SHALE RETORT WATER

Due to high toxicity, nonbiodegradeability, nutrient limitations, and excessive pollutant concentrations and concentration fluctuations, oil shale retort waters have not yet been shown to be economically treatable by conventional secondary treatment processes or process series. These characteristics are also associated with treatment problems encountered generally with synthetic fuels wastewaters, as well as most refinery and petrochemical industrial wastewaters. Environmental, public health, legal, and economic considerations necessitate that these wastewaters be successfully and cost effectively treated.

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RESTORATION OF IN SITU COAL GASIFICATION SITES FROM NATURAL GROUNDWATER FLOW AND DISPERSION

This article is concerned with investigating the role of a fracture system and groundwater flow in dispersing contaminants from in situ coal gasification sites. It was found that the dispersivities must be calculated with a knowledge of the natural groundwater flow to obtain the correct values. In practice the magnitude and direction of groundwater flow are fixed by geologic conditions. However it demonstrates that field experiments to obtain the dispersivities must be conducted in such a manner as to largely duplicate the direction of naturally occurring groundwater flow to obtain correct values.

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KENTUCKY TAR SAND PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN OUTLINE PART I

On January 6, 1983, Texas Gas Development Corporation, in response to the Synthetic Fuels Corporation's (SFC) Third Solicitation, submitted a proposal to SFC for a Commercial Tar Sand Processing Plant requesting price guarantees only. SFC informed Development on June 30, 1983, that the Kentucky Tar Sand Project had been selected for consideration and negotiations for financial assistance under the provisions of the Energy Security Act.

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DRAFT FINAL REPORT TASK 2 EMISSIONS TO THE ENVIRONMENT FROM A GENERIC ABOVEGROUND OIL SHALE FACILITY

This report discusses a generic aboveground oil shale retorting process, the effluent streams produced by such a process, and environmental, health, and safety concerns that currently may not be adequately understood or covered by regulations. Effluent data are scaled to an oil production rate of 50,000 barrels per stream day. The generic facility includes upgrading but not final refining, transportation, or use of finished products.

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A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OBTAINING OIL FROM CHATTANOOGA SHALE

The environmental impacts of producing 8000 m3/d of oil from the Chattanooga Formation by means of underground mining and surface retorting have been assessed. The major impacts were determined to be those associated with surface disposal of spent shale. Disposal of spent shale can have a significant impact on surface and groundwater quality as the result of trace elements and toxic substances leached from the shale. Changes in water quality from these releases and those associated with land disturbance can have significant long term effects on aquatic biota. Significant changes in land use and effects on terrestrial ecosystems can occur if large areas are covered with spent shale and cannot be revegetated. From this assessment, it was determined that additional information must be obtained about the resource and extraction processes before impacts associated with development of the Chattanooga Formation can be more precisely quantified.

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AN OVERVIEW OF THE SOCIOECONOMIC CONCERNS OF EVERGY DEVELOPMENT ON THE UINTAH AND OURAY RESERVATIONS

The impact concerns of energy development projects on the Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation in northeastern Utah is the focus of this report. Socioeconomic characteristics of the reservation are described as a component of broader baseline descriptions and impact projections. Within a tribal context, topics include the tribe as a social and economic-political force, its history and lands, its government and administration and its economic development plan. Other topics include the current tribal economy-agriculture, tribal enterprice system, and recreation.

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DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR PRICETOWN I UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION

The US DOE Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) is conducting a research and development experiment in the underground gasification of eastern bituminous coals. The experiment will be conducted near Pricetown, West Virginia. The 20-acre site is approximately 1.5 miles northeast of Pricetown, in Wetzel County

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ORGANIC CONTAMINENTS IN GROUNDWATER NEAR AN UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION SITE IN NORTHEASTERN WYOMING

Three groundwater samples collected near two underground coal gasification (UCG) sites 15 mo after the end of gasification were analyzed for dissolved organic contaminants. The contaminants consisted of phenols, automatic carboxylic acids, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes, pyridines, quinolines, isoquinolines, and aromatic amines. Concentrations ranged up to about 50 ppm with large variations both in the relative concentrations of acidic, neutral, and basic constituents and in the concentrations of individual compounds. Naphthalene, o-xylene, 2-methylpyridine, and o-cresol were consistently present in high concentrations and were identified as UCG contaminant-indicator compounds that appear to be particularly useful for monitoring purposes. A simplified method of analysis for these compounds was developed.

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WE SHALL PREPARE THE FIRST INDUSTRIALLY SIGNIFICANT GASIFIED MINE

The worlds first program of experimental work on underground coal gasification is complete in Leninsk. The prepared coal block was fired off on June 4; high heating value gas began issuing from the holes on June 17; gas with a heating value of more than 2000 calories was ignited over the piping header on August 3; and gas from the underground producer, transmitted through pipes over a distance of 340 meters, has been used to fire a boiler at the Leninsk mine since August 28.

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SPREADING OF THE FLUSHING MASS DURING PNEUMATIC FLUSHING OF AN INCLINED CHANNEL

At the Institute of Mining of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1954, models were used to study the deposition of material in an inclined channel during pneumatic flushing of the channel; that is, with a relationship among the parameters of the effective physical values that precluded plugging of the feed boreholes and the escape of material into the gas vent boreholes.

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OIL SHALE IN SWEDEN-GASIFICATION FOR PRODUCTION OF SYNFUELS

The Swedish bedrock mainly consists of Precambrian gneisses and granites. The various sediment that were subsequently deposits during the Cambro-Silurian periods have to a large extent been removed by erosion. In some areas, however, they have been preserved in fault graben or by an overlying impervious blanket of diabase. The Cambro-Silurian sediments consist, from bottom to top, of sandstones followed by formations of black shales, limestones and grey shales. Sedimentary rocks from younger periods are only found in Scania, the southeasternmost province in Sweden.

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PROBLEMS OF THE MULTIPLE USE OF BELORUSSIAN OIL SHALES

This book contains the results of a study of the oil shales of the Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. The authors characterize the conditions of their deposition and qualitative composition, possible mining systems, and multipurpose processing and examining the composition, properties, and trends in the use of primary products and by products. The authors demonstrate the economic expedience of involving oil shale resources in industry to produce high calorie synthetic fuel and valuable chemical feedstocks, utilizing the wastes in the production of building materials, agriculture, road building, and other areas. The results are discussed in comparison with other Soviet and foreign oil shales.

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OIL SHALE WASTEWATER TREATMENT AT THE LETC NORTH SITE

"This document summarizes work performed under USDOE Contract No. DE-AS20-81LC0775 and relates it to activities originally proposed in DRI proposal No. C8120 incorporated herein by reference.  The program has been structured into three task areas. The objectives and final results of each task are discussed and evaluated in this document. All reports associated with program activities are also incorporated herein by reference."

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POLLUTANT ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION INTERIM REPORT (PROGRAM PLAN)

"The Laramie Energy Research Center (LERC) has contracted with Science Applications, Inc. (SAI), to develop a program of effluent atmospheric dispersion analysis for LERC's in-situ energy recovery research and development projects. Three specific experimental programs are involved: 1) in-situ recovery of oil from shale, 2) in-situ coal gasification, 3) in-situ recovery of oil from tar sands.  The basic purpose of this effort is to define a methodology by which air emissions associated with each project under consideration can be related to the potential impact on air quality in terms of federal and state standards. This will be accomplished through a comprehensive atmospheric dispersion analysis program."

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SOME RESULTS OF A THERMAL INVESTIGATION OF ROCKS ENCLOSING COAL SEAMS FOR THE PURPOSE OF STUDYING THEIR BEHAVIOR DURING UNDERGROUND GASIFICATION OF COAL

At the present stage of development of underground gasification of coal the so called flow method of gasification has been adopted. In this variant as the coal seam is gasified the fire face migrates in a direction usually coinciding with the seams dip, and the line of the fire face should as a rule move parallel to itself along the seams rise.

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ANNUAL REPORT OF THE INHALATION TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OCTOBER 1, 1981 THROUGH SEPTEMBER 30, 1982

This report is intended to provide government agencies and other scientists with an overview of the current status of research in progress at ITRI and, in the case of long-term studies, to provide an update on a continuing effort well in advance of the actual completion of the study. Much of the data reported is of a preliminary nature and subject to further interpretation before a final report can be made. Final reports will be made in the form of open literature publications.

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MODELING THE GEOCHEMISTRY OF HAZARDOUS WASTE INJECTION

Hazardous waste injection is a subsurface disposal method that emplaces inorganic and organic wastes into a permeable geologic formation. In order to protect underground sources of drinking water the injection zone must be confined by impermeable geologic formations. The impermeability of the confining zone becomes more important once the injected chemicals have been transported through the injection zone and come into contact with the confining zone. This transport, as well as the ability of the confining zone to remain impermeable to injected chemicals, is dependent upon how these chemicals react with each other, with the minerals that make up both the confining zone and the injection zone, and with the constituents in the groundwater that permeates the injection zone and possibly the confining zone.

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TREATMENT OF TAR SAND WASTEWATERS WITH ACTIVATED CARBON, OZONE AND REVERSE OSMOSIS

Tar sand deposits offer long term potential for satisfying future energy needs. Two large field scale extraction experiments near Vernal, Utah, employed either a sequenced reverse-forward combustion technique or a steam flood procedure to recover in place bitumen. This report documents the evaluation of activated carbon, ozone, and reverse osmosis in treating the two types of tar sand wastewaters. Substrates included untreated and pretreated TS-1S and TS-2C wastewaters.

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PARTICULATE SCRUBBER APPLICATIONS, PERFORMANCE, AND COSTS

The information in this paper is directed to those who need to select a scrubber for a specific application and any others who may have an interest in some patterns of scrubber application, performance, and cost. It is generally in the form of tables and figures which present a condensation of data obtained in an extensive survey of scrubber systems in field use. The survey was one aspect of a Scrubber Systems Study which had the objective of defining the state of the art of scrubber use in air pollution control.

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HYDROLOGIC AND CONTAMINENT ASSESSMENT HOE CREEK UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION SITE NEAR GILLETTE, WYOMING

TRW has been tasked by Applied Management Services (AMS) to provide the Department of Energy with an assessment of potential ground water contamination due to underground coal gasification experiments at the Hoe Creek Site south of Gillette, Wyoming. This report will provide a brief synopsis of the problem including a hydrogeologic description of the area, highlights of the baseline data collection program, and description of some significant process characteristics which may have affected the distribution of contaminants.

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Alumina from Dawsonite in Oil Shale Economic Feasibility of Water Leaching

An economic evaluation of a water leaching process to extract alumina from retorted oil shale was made to determine the potential of the process. Using the conditions tested in the laboratory, an estimated operating cost of $145 per ton of alumina was obtained. This compares with an estimate of $49 per ton for alumina produced commercially from bauxite by the Bayer process. The conditions tested and evaluated included leaching at a 10 to 1 liquid to solid ratio which resulted in extraction of only 50% of the dawsonite-contained alumina. If an 80% yield is assumed the operating cost is reduced to $95 per ton of alumina.

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GEOCHEMISTRY OF LEACHATE FROM RETORTED AND UNRETORTED COLORADO OIL SHALE

Development of a commercial oil shale industry in the United States is probable. One important aspect of the development of this industry concerns the potential problem of contamination of groundwater and surface water by toxic materials resulting from leaching of waste oil shale. In this study samples of shale that had been retorted by the TOSCO II and Paraho surface methods were emphasized, together with the corresponding fresh feedstock. Among the dissolved components, the study focused on arsenic, selenium, molybedenum, boron, and fluorine. These elements were chosen because they are potentially toxic and because they may occur as soluble anions under the pH conditions of water associated with retorted oil shale.

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BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS AND BIOENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS OF AQUEOUS EFFLUENTS DERIVED FROM IN SITU OIL SHALE PROCESSING

"This document summarizes work performed under USDOE Contract no. DE-AS20-81LC0775 and relates it to activities originally proposed in DRI proposal No. C8120 incorporated herein by reference.  The program has been structured into three task areas. The objectives and final results of each task are discussed and evaluated in this document. All reports associated with program activities are also incorporated herein by reference."

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CHARACTERIZATION OF EMISSIONS FROM PARTICULATE CONTROL DEVICES

Coal deposits contain a wide range of inorganic minerals in addition to the combustible organic matter. Combustion of coal releasess trace elements to the atmosphere as vapors and solid particles. Since it appears that coal fired boilers will have even a greater use for generation of electricity in the future, elucidation of the fate of trace elements during coal combustion process is imperative. Currently available information indicates that chemistry varies with particle size, that some trace elements tend to concentrate on particle surfaces, and some trace elements are also emitted in the gas phase.

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DOE-FE MULTI-YEAR PLAN FOR OIL, GAS, AND SHALE ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH, AND SAFETY RESEARCH PROGRAMS FY 1983-1987

This plan addresses four EH&S research programs within the boundaries of their current funding levels-oil shale ($5.7 million), underground coal gasification ($700,000), enhanced oil recovery ($300,000), and tar sands oil recovery ($150,000). Detailed descriptions of these technologies along with their environmental impacts, problems, and uncertainties are contained in the individual EH&S program plan. A brief description of funding levels and justification for each of these programs is included here.

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