AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Development of Mobility Control Methods to Improve Oil Recovery by CO2

The ultimate objective of this project is to improve the efficiency of carbon dioxide flooding as an enhanced oil recovery process. This aim is to be pursued by the development of techniques and/or additives for mobility control. Suggested methods will control those non-uniformities in frontal displacement which are due to or aggravated by the unfavorable mobility ratios between the carbon dioxide containing displacing fluid and the displaced oil and water. Because many other researchers and engineers have worked on these problems, Phase 1 of this project has been to collect, study and assess information about their former and continuing efforts. Much of these investigators'work has been reported in the petroleum engineering and other technical literature. Relevant articles referred to have ranged from fundamental studies of the mechanisms of. fluid displacement and frontal stability in porous media to accounts of field operations in ongoing CO2 flooding projects. The Phase 1 activity of this project has contributed to the planning of the laboratory work that is to be accomplished in its continuing phases, making possible more detailed decisions concerning the nature of the projected experimental tasks. To this date, most Phase 2 activity has consisted of the planning and design of laboratory work. This effort has been directed to a dual purpose. The first of these is to prepare a series of experiments which will supply information on mobility control in CO2 floods, that can be used to improve their efficiency. Secondly, however, these tests must also be sufficiently convincing to the engineering staffs of operating oil companies to have an impact on the practice of future Enhanced Oil Recovery activity in the field. The first of these purposes is addressed by the plans documented below. The second purpose will be kept in view during these planning and preliminary reporting stages, and must become the primary objective of the later reporting phases of the project. In case the outcome of the tests carried out in Phase 2 are sufficiently promising, a Phase 3 follow-up on the design of mobility-controlled CO 2 . floods would be warranted. Such work would entail the presentation of specific operating and reservoir engineering design rules, based both on the laboratory measurements and comparisons performed in Phase 2, and on further analysis along lines which have been suggested in the literature.

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Injecting Air to Boost Oil Production in a Louisiana Field--The Amoco Project (Project Facts)

West Hackberry Field in Cameran Parish, Louisiana, is a typical "watered out" Gulf Coast oil reservoir. The formation lies 8,800 to 9,000 feet deep and is steeply tilted, dipping as much as 35 degrees from horizontal. After decodes of production, reservoir pressure has declined by 25%, and water has intruded into the formation, preventing economical production; as much as one-half of the field's original oil remains unproduced. Now, as part of a Department of Energy Oil Recovery Field Demonstration project, Amoco will attempt to repressurize the reservoir by injecting air. The plan is to create a gas cap and force the water level to recede to its original position. The target zone is the Camerina sands on the west flank of the field. Amoco researchers believe that once the necessary gas caps are created, the natural tilt of the reservoir will allow oil to drain to the lower section of the reservoir, a process called "gravity drainage." Properly placed wells drilled into this section should be able to recover most of the remaining oil. A secondary effect-spontaneous combustion of oil with oxygen could create a front of combustion gases in the reservoir. These gases could push oil more rapidly through the rock, accelerating the drainage process and boosting production. Speed, however, is relative. In this project, the reservoir's response is measured in years. Gas caps con be created within about four years, but the process of gravity drainage is expected to take much longer. If successful, additional oil from the West Hackberry Field could be recovered for as long as 15 more years. Air injection began in November 1994. Well tests indicate that reservoir pressure is increasing and combustion is occurring. Production has increased in wells high on the geologic structure. Reservoir pressure and production are being monitored.

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Phase Behavior And Interfacial Tension For C02-Water-Oil Systems

The objective of this research project is to improve prediction techniques for gas miscible displacement through fundamental research on displacement mechanisms. The project was designed to investigate the partitioning of C02 in oil and water phases and the effects of C02- dissolution on interfacial tension (IFT) and relative permeability of oil-water systems. The scope of work includes both laboratory measurements and theoretical studies. To perform this research, an apparatus was designed and constructed to measure high-pressure IFT for C02-water-oil systems. An image analysis technique was applied to determine the pendant-drop size and shape profile. A computer program for matching the contour of the pendant-drop and determining IFT was developed. Measurements have been conducted for water surface tension and the IFTs of water-hydrocarbon systems.

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Economic Analysis of Vertical Wells for Coalbed Methane Recovery

Previous economic studies of the recovery and utilization of methane from coal beds using vertical wells were based on drainage in advance of mining where a single seam is drained with well spacing designed for rapid predrainage. This study extends the earlier work and shows that methane recovery costs can be reduced significantly by increasing well spacing and draining multiple coalbeds. A favorable return on investment can be realized in many geologic settings using this method. Sensitivity of recovery economics to certain development costs and parametric variations are also examined as are the economics of three methane utilization options. This work was funded in part by the TRW effort under U.S.. DOE contract DE-AC2l-78C08089. Dr. Harold D. Shoemaker is the Technical Project Officer for this contract. The sponsoring organization is the Methane Recovery from Coal beds Project, John R. Duda, Manager. This study was conducted under the direction of Alex Gillies by Arnold Snygg and William Fox.

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ENVIRONMENTAL, RESOURCE CONSERVATION, AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF USED OIL RECYCLING

In order to provide current and updated information, the case for burning used automotive lubricating oil versus re-refining it has been reevaluated based upon the 1980 American economy and energy conservation posture. In these comparisons, the environment is considered within four scenarios ranging from unrestricted burning of used oil without government constraints to complete prohibition of burning thereby funneling all used automotive lube oils to redefining. Two other areas have been reevaluated in the context of burning versus redefining of automotive lube oils in the U.S. These are the material and energy advantage to be realized in terms of resource  observation through either burning or re-refining and an estimation of the economics and profit potential currently available in the disposition of used lube oil. This study was undertaken because previous data and information related to the energy savings by re-refining used oils are no longer timely. Earlier reports were based upon acid/clay or other obsolete technology, and the disproportionate changes in costs of energy as compared to the general inflation rate have made simple extrapolation of earlier economic comparisons subject to error. It was found that environmental concerns as presently regulated do not alone provide a persuasive case for re-refining over burning of used automotive lubricating oil. However, in view of the increased use of paraffinic crude oil for the manufacture of automotive lubricating oil, production costs will rise and product yields will be lower. In this context, this study shows that the energy required to produce a gallon of lube oil from paraffinic crude oil is greater than that to produce a gallon of lube oil from used lubricating oil. As a result, the re-refining of collectible used automotive lube oil could conserve 43 trillion Btu's per year, equivalent to 7 million barrels of imported crude oil worth over a quarter billion dollars. Additionally, this study indicates that new technology such as solvent/distillation re-refining would provide a 26 percent after-tax return on investment based upon 1980 markets and costs.

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Post Burn Evaluation of the Gorgas, Alabama UCG Site

During the late 1940's and into the 1950's, the U.S. Bureau of Mines and the Alabama Power Company conducted a series of burns in the Pratt and America coal beds at Gorgas, Alabama. Following the first burn, by the so called "stream method," it was feasible to reenter  the burned out areas and assess  what had taken place during the operation of the test site . In the later tests,, however, it was not economically feasible to explore the burned out areas except by means of core drilling . Now, in early 1981, an opportunity may become available t o engineers interested in the UCG process to further evaluate these old  sites.

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The Uncovering an Evaluation of Twenty Five Year Old Underground Coal Gasification Burn at a Site in Gorgas, Alabama

During the late forties and into the fifties, the U.S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) and the Alabama Power Company conducted a series of underground coal gasification burns in the Pratt and America coal beds at Gorgas,i. Alabama. Following the first burn, by the so called "stream method," it was feasible to enter the burned out areas by deep mining and assess what had taken place during the operation of the test site. In the latter tests, however, it was not economically feasible to explore the burned out areas except by means of core drilling. Now, in early 1981, an opportunity has become available to engineers interested in the UCG process to further evaluate there old sites.

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TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TO INDEPENDENT PRODUCERS

The National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research (NIPER), The Texas Independent Producers and Royalty Owners Association (TIPRO), and The Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin (BEG) organized and presented a series of eight workshops entitled "Improved Oil and Gas Recovery-A New Reality for Independents," during the period from September, 1992 through March 1993 in eight cities in the state of Texas to transfer the state-of-the-art in petroleum exploration and production technologies to independent oil producers. The format of the first symposium, held at Austin, consisted of training sessions and training exhibit instructions. Presentations were made on three topics: (1) Oil Reserve Growth, (2) Gas Reserve Growth, and (3) Exploration Strategies. At the Austin meeting, the training exhibit instructions covered high-priority topics that were based on a TIPRO survey. Topics for the other training sessions included 3-D Seismic Applications, Improved Conventional Oil Recovery Strategies, and Improved Recovery from Complex Gas Reservoirs and Tight Gas Sandstones. The topics chosen for each city were specific to the needs of the region and were slightly modified to incorporate recommendations from the Austin workshop. The topics chosen for these workshops were a good mix of geology, engineering, log and petrographic analysis, 3-D seismic, drilling and completion, and most were very appropriate m-d well received by the independent producers attending these workshops. It is recommended in this report that a pool of instructors with experience in technology transfer to independent producers be, established and presentations of future technology transfer activities be selected from this pool as much as possible. The ability to make modifications to workshop content after the first session is an advantage of having a series of workshops on the same topics.

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The Sampling of Coal in the Mine- Revised

Systematic collection and analysis of coal samples in connection with investigation relating to fuels belonging to or for the use of the United States Government and to the character and value of the fuel in the public lands were begun by the Government in 1904. The method of collecting mine samples, with the various modifications and improvements found desirable through experience, has been continued from that time and is the method followed by these geologists of the United States Geological Survey who have been examining the coal deposits on or near the public lands and by those members of the Survey and the Bureau of Mines who have continued to work analyzing and testing the coal from the various fields in the United States.

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Solubility of Oil Shale's in Solvents for Petroleum

In the course of certain experiments designed to determine the solubility's of different shale's after they had begun to yield oil by distillation, it was found desirable to determine the quantity dissolved from certain unheated shale's by various solvents, at or near the boiling points of these solvents. The method used and results obtained are present below. These experiments were made in connection with the oil-shale investigations being conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Mines in cooperation with the States of Colorado and Utah.

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Low-Temperature Distillation Wields of Primary Tar and Light Oil from Coals of Various Ranks and Types

Investigations have shown interesting relationships between primary-tar and light-oil yields and chemical analyses of coals. These studies have been based largely upon results published by the Bureau of Mines in connection with its survey of the gas-, coke-, and byproduct- making properties of American coals. This paper gives the results of a similar correlation in which the range in the rank and in type has been extended to include nearly all classes of coal, the object being to determine relationships that are significant in predicting tar and light-oil yields from chemical analyses of coals. The yields of primary tar and light oil are important in two fields of coal utilization, namely, combustion and carbonization. It is generally recognized that the principal cause of smoke produced upon burning coal is incomplete combustion of tar and light-oil vapor released during burning. The greater the tar and light-oil yields of a coal, the greater is its potential smoke-producing property. During the present war, development of new sources of fuel oil has been emphasized, especially where the supply of petroleum products is limited. One possible source of a substitute fuel is the tar and light-oil that can be obtained by low-temperature carbonization of coal. In both England and Germany, large quantities of low-temperature tar and oil are being processed as a source of liquid fuels. It is obvious that primary-tar and light-oil yields are of paramount importance in the selection of coals for such use.

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Figure 10

Synthetic S-wave seismograms for reflections from the top of the thin fractured sandstone layer modeled using the program ATRAK. The synthetics are generated using ray theory and a 20 Hz Ricker wavelet. The cross-line and in-line records are shown for : (a) no fracturing in the sandstone layer (isotropic,125 ); (b) gas filled cracks; (c) fluid filled cracks.

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Figure 11

Synthetic S-wave seismograms for reflections from the top of the thin fractured sandstone layer. The synthetics are generated using ray theory and a 20 Hz Ricker wavelet. The cross-line and in-line records are shown for : (a) no fracturing in the sandstone layer (isotropic,126 ); (b) gas filled cracks; (c) fluid filled cracks.

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Figure 51

AVO trends obtained at the same midpoint on orthogonally trending lines 1 (CDP 3018) and 2 (CDP 2340).  (a) AVO trend in the direction of line 1 (theta is angle of incidence),  (b) AVO trend in the direction of line 2,  (c) NMO corrected CDP gather on line 1,  (d) NMO corrected CDP gather on line 2.

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Figure 52

CDP gathers at the same midpoint but on orthogonally trending lines 2 (CDP 2666) and 3 (CDP 2452).  Both are moved out with the same stacking velocity.  (a) CDP gather on line 2,  (b) CDP gather on line 3,  (c) tie of events on near offset stacks,  (d) tie of events on far offset stacks.

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The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management BOEM GOM Well Data

 Well Information includes information on borehole activities such as drilling activity, counts on the number of boreholes completed, and number of shut-in's.Additional information includes the lease number, well name, spud date, the well class, surface area/block number, and statistics on well status summary.Additional files are available on well completions and well tests.    All surveys are referenced to grid north in the native map projection of the block containing the surface location of the survey.For some old surveys the north reference was not marked and was assumed by BOEM to be grid north.    In an effort to improve the quality of our downloadable data, we are now exporting bottom hole locations as calculated from the directional survey associated with the well.    The coordinate values were derived using the North American Datum (NAD) 1927.  

Tags: API, BOEM, Borehole, Classification, Company Drilled, Data, Depths, Drilling, GOM, Gas, Gulf of Mexico, Identifiers, Name, Natural Gas, Oil, Resource, Types, Well Data, Well Number, completions, gas, oil, shut-in, well
EnergyDataGov

 Energy.Data.Gov where data and insight are combined to facilitate public discussion and awareness of our Nations energy activities. Whether you are interested in alternative fuels, managing buildings to be more energy efficient, or trying to manage energy in your own home, we have something for you. Look at the data, use the apps, join the conversation.  

Tags: Coal, DOE, Energy, Geochemistry, Geology, Geophysics, Resource, US Department of Energy, Well Data, gas, oil, wells
Ozone Areas

 Abstract  This data layer identifies areas in the U.S. where air pollution levels have not met the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for at least one of the Criteria Pollutants. The EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) has set National Ambient Air Quality Standards for six principal pollutants, which are called "criteria" pollutants. Under provisions of the Clean Air Act, which are intended to improve the quality of the air we breathe, EPA sets limits on how much of a pollutant can be in the air anywhere in the United States. This ensures that all Americans have the same basic health and environmental protections. The law allows individual states to have stronger pollution controls, but states are not allowed to have weaker pollution controls than those set for the whole country. EPA calls these pollutants "criteria air pollutants" because the agency has regulated them by first developing health-based criteria (science-based guidelines) as the basis for setting permissible levels. One set of limits (primary standard) protects health; another set of limits (secondary standard) is intended to prevent environmental and property damage. A geographic area that meets or does better than the primary standard is called an attainment area; areas that don't meet the primary standard are called nonattainment areas.  After a nonattainment area has attained the NAAQS for a period of time, EPA may redesignate the area to a maintenance status.  Purpose  This data set is intended to help provide the public with information to determine whether or not air quality within a given area is healthy.  Once designations take effect  

Tags: Air, Atmospheric, Maintenance, NAAQS, Non-Attainment, Nonattainment
PA Oil  Gas Water Pollution Control Facilities

 An Oil and Gas Water Pollution Control Facility is a DEP primary facility type related to the Oil & Gas Program. The following lists the sub-facility types related to Water Pollution Control that are included: ____ Discharge Point -- The outfall from a wastewater treatment facility for oil and gas fluids Internal Monitoring Point -- A monitoing point within the wastewater treatment system where samples are collected Treatment Plant -- A facility for treating oil and gas wastewater to achieve permit effluent limits  

Tags: DEP, Discharge, Energy Infrastructure, Geographic, Natural Gas, Oil, Oil and Gas, PA, Pennsylvania, Resource, Water, gas, oil, pollution, water
WV Roads - 14800 Scale ALL Roads 2011 Census TIGERLine

 Road features published by the Census Bureau 2011. US Census utilized local data including but not limited to 2003 SAMB linework to develop 2011 Tiger road data. In addition, the WVGISTC has performed an update and correction of select features.  

Tags: Geographic, Roads, TIGER, Transportation, WV, West Virginia, census, roads, transportation
Pipeline Report Gas Plant Totals One-third of Project Cost

 About one-third of the Alaska gas pipeline project cost has little to do with physically burying steel pipe along hundreds of miles of the northern continent.   Instead, this major piece of the overall project would center on a 155-acre patch at the Prudhoe Bay oil field that would house a massive complex of structures known as the gas treatment plant.   The plant's cost has been estimated at $12 billion, compared with a total project cost of $32 billion to $41 billion. It would be the most expensive complex of buildings ever assembled in Alaska.  

Tags: Alaska, Gas Plant, Natural Gas, Project Costs, Resource, White Paper, construction, gas, pipelines
Urban Areas

 U.S. Census Urbanized Areas represents the Census 2000 Urbanized Areas (UA) and Urban Clusters (UC). A UA consists of contiguous, densely settled census block groups (BGs) and census blocks that meet minimum population density requirements (1000ppsm /500ppsm), along with adjacent densely settled census blocks that together encompass a population of at least 50,000 people. A UC consists of contiguous, densely settled census BGs and census blocks that meet minimum population density requirements, along with adjacent densely settled census blocks that together encompass a population of at least 2,500 people, but fewer than 50,000 people. The dataset covers the 50 States plus the District of Columbia within United States.  

Tags: Areas, Boundaries, Census, Cities, ESRI, ESRI< Populated, Geographic, Polygon, Urban, Urban Areas, census
US Brine Wells

 Data obtained from the US Geological Survey comprise the largest   portion and are attributed with the geographical point locations for each of the   resources. There are 3 physical and 6 chemical parameters addressed.    Additional well data was provided by NETL. Unfortunately, these records do not   include geographical coordinate information, and therefore, would not be   included in a Geographical Information Systems Inventory. Water chemistry   parameters for approximately 65,000 wells are contained in this database.  

Tags: Brine Wells, Classification, Data, Well Data, wells