AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Coal Bed Methane Recovery and CO2 Sequestration

This report summarizes work done at Idaho National Laboratory in support of Phase II of the Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership. Research that elucidates the interaction of CO2 and coal is discussed with work centering on the Powder River Basin of Wyoming and Montana. Sorption-induced strain, also commonly referred to as coal swelling/shrinkage, was investigated. A new method of obtaining sorption-induced strain was developed that greatly decreases the time necessary for data collection and increases the reliability of the strain data. As coal permeability is a strong function of sorption-induced strain, common permeability models were used to fit measured permeability data, but were found inadequate. A new permeability model was developed that can be directly applied to coal permeability data obtained under laboratory stress conditions, which are different than field stress conditions. The model can be used to obtain critical coal parameters that can be applied in field models.

An economic feasibility study of CO2 sequestration in unminable coal seams in the Powder River Basin of Wyoming was done. Economic analyses of CO2 injection options are compared. Results show that injecting flue gas to recover methane from CBM fields is marginally economical; however, this method will not significantly contribute to the need to sequester large quantities of CO2. Separating CO2 from flue gas and injecting it into the unminable coal zones of the Powder River Basin seam is currently uneconomical, but can effectively sequester over 86,000 tons (78,200 Mg) of CO2 per acre while recovering methane to offset costs. The cost to separate CO2 from flue gas was identified as the major cost driver associated with CO2 sequestration in unminable coal seams. Improvements in separations technology alone are unlikely to drive costs low enough for CO2 sequestration in unminable coal seams in the Powder River Basin to become economically viable. Breakthroughs in separations technology could aid the economics, but in the Powder River Basin, they cannot achieve the necessary cost reductions for breakeven economics without incentives.

Tags: BSCSP, Carbon Sequestration, Coal Bed Methane
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Resin Adsorption at Kaolinite Edge Sites: Effect of Surface Deprotonation on Interfacial Structure

Molecular simulation of crude oil (resin) adsorption onto hydroxylated edge surfaces of the clay mineral kaolinite. Trends in adsorption are observed with changes in salinity and surface charge. This work provides molecular-scale properties relevant to low salinity flooding.

Tags: adsorption, kaolinite, low salinity waterflooding, molecular modeling, resin
Adsorption of Aqueous Crude Oil Components on the Basal Surfaces of Clay Minerals: Molecular Simulations Including Salinity and Temperature Effects

Molecular simulation of crude oil adsorption onto clay mineral surfaces. Trends in adsorption are observed with changes in salinity, clay properties, and temperature. This work provides molecular-scale properties relevant to low salinity flooding.

Tags: adsorption, clays, crude oil, low salinity waterflooding, molecular modeling
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Diffusion and Electrical Conductivity in Montmorillonite Interlayers

Molecular modeling of water and cation transport in clay mineral nanopores, and a method of obtaining electrical conductivity values from the simulated diffusion coefficients. This method predicts electrical conductivity values for brines and clay phases to aid in the interpretation of well log data.

Tags: brines, clays, diffusion, electrical conductivity, molecular modeling
Rangeland Sequestration Potential Assessment

Rangelands occupy approximately half of the world’s land area and store greater than 10% of the terrestrial biomass carbon and up to 30% of the global soil organic carbon. Although soil carbon sequestration rates are generally low on rangelands in comparison to croplands, increases in terrestrial carbon in rangelands resulting from management can account for significant carbon sequestration given the magnitude of this land resource. Despite the significance rangelands can play in carbon sequestration, our understanding remains limited. Researchers conducted a literature review to identify sustainably management practices that conserve existing rangeland carbon pools, as well as increase or restore carbon sequestration potentials for this type of ecosystem. The research team also reviewed the impact of grazing management on rangeland carbon dynamics, which are not well understood due to heterogeneity in grassland types. The literature review on the impact of grazing showed a wide variation of results, ranging from positive to negative to no response. On further review, the intensity of grazing appears to be a major factor in controlling rangeland soil organic carbon dynamics. In 2003, researchers conducted field sampling to assess the effect of several drought years during the period 1993-2002. Results suggested that drought can significantly impact rangeland soil organic carbon (SOC) levels, and therefore, carbon sequestration. Resampling was conducted in 2006; results again suggested that climatic conditions may have overridden management effects on SOC due to the ecological lag of the severe drought of 2002. Analysis of grazing practices during this research effort suggested that there are beneficial effects of light grazing compared to heavy grazing and non-grazing with respect to increased SOC and nitrogen contents. In general, carbon storage in rangelands also increases with increased precipitation, although researchers identified threshold levels of precipitation where sequestration begins to decrease.

Tags: BSCSP, Big Sky Carbon Sequestration, Carbon Sequestration, Rangeland, Terrestrial
State of Stress Analysis Tool

The state of stress influences several potential risks associated with geologic carbon storage (GCS). Among these are the risk of induced seismicity and leakage due to unintentional hydraulic fracturing. In situ stress can be measured or inferred using several techniques, but these measurements are only made at discrete locations, and they generally provide an incomplete description of the full stress tensor. Because of this there is generally considerable uncertainty in the state of stress within a GCS reservoir and surrounding formations. The state of stress analysis tool (SOSAT) provides a method to use a Bayesian approach to calculate a probability distribution for in situ stress at a particular point using a variety of common data types. Using this stress state probability distribution, the SOSAT then calculates the probability of activating a critically-oriented fault at a specified range of pore pressures. The result is an easy to use physics-based tool for estimating the risk of induced seismicity and unintentional hydraulic fracturing.

Tags: geomechanics, risk analysis, stress
Wallewein 22-1 Core Data

This collection of data is the result of core taken from the Wallewein 22-1 well on the Kevin Dome project in North-Central Montana conducted by BSCSP.  Each file here has specific details on what it contains and/or how to use it. Visit the core viewer online tool to browse this information and learn more https://core.bigskyco2.org/

Tags: BSCSP, Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership, Core, Wallewein 22-1, Well
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) Inspection Using a 3D Laser

The objectives of this project was as follows: (1) Conduct close-in, high resolution structural inspection from an AUV. (2) Generate 3D models of subsea structures such as risers and flowlines. (3) Perform real-time detection of the flaws or damage against a prior structural models.

Tags: 10121-4903-02, Fact Sheet, Offshore
Wallewein 22-1 Well Logs

This submission is a collection of well log reports and .las files collected during logging operations of the Wallewein 22-1 well as part of the Kevin Dome project under the Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership. This work was conducted in North-central Montana near Sunburst, MT in 2014

Tags: BSCSP, Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership, ELAN, LAS, Petrophysics, Well Logs
Geophysical Modeling for Studying Acquisition and Processing Methods in the Deepwater Gulf of Mexico

Project Final Report-07121-2001-The objective of this project is to contribute to the evolution of geophysical imaging technology by providing realistic benchmark geological models and associated synthetic seismic and potential field data which will allow the industry and researchers to effectively and efficiently assess seismic (and other data) acquisition and processing techniques for generating images of hydrocarbon reservoirs beneath massive, complex salt bodies located in deepwater regions. Better subsurface imaging enhances the industry’s ability to successfully explore and develop hydrocarbon resources and produce them for the consumer.

Tags: kmd
NORM Mitigation and Clean Water Recovery from Marcellus Frac Water

Project Final Report-10122-07-The overall project objective is to develop a cost-effective process to recover distilled water and a salable salt product from Marcellus frac water. The first goal is to develop a pretreatment process that removes NORM, particularly 226Ra, from frac water and enables disposal of a NORM-concentrate in an environmentally responsible manner. The second goal is to develop a brine concentrator based on membrane distillation (MD) that is suitable for Marcellus frac water desalination and is significantly less capital cost-intensive than currently available evaporators. The emphasis of both objectives is that pretreatment and brine concentration may be accomplished in mobile facilities. It is anticipated that crystallization will occur in a central treatment facility. Successful execution of this project will reduce the cost and environmental impact of hydrofracturing.

Tags: kmd
Deepwater Direct Offloading System

Project Final Report-10121-4407-01-The ultimate objective was to verify, for U.S. deepwater operators, that the direct offloading system called the “HiLoad DP” can be designed to meet U.S. Gulf of Mexico (GoM) requirements to function successfully for both steady-state oil production situations as well as standby roles for emergency situations, and to provide sufficient knowledge to proceed immediately with the final engineering and contracting process to make the HiLoad DP concept available to GoM operations.

Tags: kmd
Enhanced Oil Recovery from the Bakken Shale using Surfactant Imbibition Coupled with Gravity Drainage

Project Final Report-09123-09-This project investigates whether a new surfactant imbibition concept can significantly improve oil recovery from the Bakken shale. This concept involves formulating special surfactant solutions that will alter the wettability of the formation, without causing formation damage. This alteration should promote imbibition of a dilute aqueous surfactant solution and increase oil displacement from the shale. The concept also relies on exploitation of gravity for collection and recovery of the oil in the system from natural and hydraulic fractures associated with horizontal wells.

Tags: kmd
Marcellus Shale Gas Project

Project Final Report-09122-04-Gas Technology Institute (GTI), with funding from the Research Partnership to Secure Energy for America (RPSEA), initiated an industry cooperative research project, that, aside from other tasks, aims to examine the contribution of gas production from natural fractures in addition to predicting the spatial distribution and population characteristics of these natural fracture systems. These natural fracture systems in conjunction with hydraulic fracturing are the key drivers for gas production. Hence, in addition to understating the natural fracture attributes, it is necessary to optimize hydraulic fracturing treatments so that a synergistic effect is achieved whereby the natural fractures are exploited for enhanced gas production. As such, much of the research was focused on hydraulic fracture design and optimization with supporting field data acquisition

Tags: kmd
Paleozoic Shale-Gas Resources of the Colorado Plateau and Eastern Great Basin, Utah

Project Final Report-07122-45-Paleozoic shales in Utah have tremendous untapped gas potential. These include the Mississippian/Pennsylvanian Manning Canyon Shale/Doughnut Formation and Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation of central and southeastern Utah, respectively. Shale beds within these formations are widespread, thick, buried deep enough to generate dry gas (or oil in some areas of the Paradox Basin), and sufficiently rich in organic material and fractures to hold significant recoverable gas reserves. This study provides a detailed evaluation of these potential shale-gas reservoirs including (1) identifying and mapping/correlating the major shale intervals, (2) determining the areas having the greatest gas potential (“sweet spots”), (3) characterizing the geologic, petrographic, geochemical, and petrophysical rock properties of those reservoirs, and (4) recommending the best completion practices

Tags: kmd
Methane Hydrate Field Program

Project Final Report-FE0010195-This final report document summarizes the activities undertaken and the output from three primary deliverables generated during this project. This fifteen month effort comprised numerous key steps including the creation of an international methane hydrate science team, determining and reporting the current state of marine methane hydrate research, convening an international workshop to collect the ideas needed to write a comprehensive Marine Methane Hydrate Field Research Plan and the development and publication of that plant

Tags: kmd
Water Management Strategies for Improved Coalbed Methane Production in the Black Warrior Basin

Project Final Report-FE0000888-The modern coalbed methane industry was born in the Black Warrior Basin of Alabama and has to date produced more than 2.6 trillion cubic feet of gas and 1.6 billion barrels of water. The coalbed gas industry in this area is dependent on instream disposal of co-produced water, which ranges from nearly potable sodium-bicarbonate water to hypersaline sodium-chloride water. This study employed diverse analytical methods to characterize water chemistry in light of the regional geologic framework and to evaluate the full range of water management options for the Black Warrior coalbed methane industry.

Tags: kmd
Characterizing Stimulation Domains, for Improved Well Completions in Gas Shales

Project Final Report-09122-02-Our method to characterize a stimulated reservoir is a two-step process. In the first step, we match a microseismic (MS) pattern using a geomechanics model, which gives injection permeability and porosity. Microseismic measurements provide qualitative information about where a fracture stimulation goes. However, there is also quantitative information, which has largely been neglected. We have developed a geomechanical model to predict the extent of shear failure during fracture stimulation of a well. The model identifies different types of failure, tensile and shear, which will occur on natural fractures or vertical planes of weakness. By matching the model to the extent of the microseismic cloud of shear failure, we obtain an injection permeability and porosity which characterize the volume of the microseismic cloud.

Tags: kmd
Geochemistry of Natural Gases from Tight-Gas-Sand Fields in the Rocky Mountains

Project Final Report-07122-09-Tight-gas-sand reservoirs in the Rocky Mountains, western United States, represent a major natural gas resource. Major fields brought into production in the past 15 years, located in Colorado, Wyoming and Utah, represent more than 100 TCF of recoverable gas reserves. Despite the significance of these reserves, gas compositions in these fields are largely undocumented, and controls on gas composition are poorly understood. This study reports a large data set of gas compositions from three major tight-gas-sand reservoirs: Jonah Field, in the Greater Green River Basin, southwestern Wyoming; the Mamm Creek – Rulison – Parachute – Grand Valley complex of fields in the Piceance Basin, western Colorado; and Greater Natural Buttes Field, Uinta Basin, northeastern Utah. Data gathered included: fractions of hydrocarbon species and CO2 in production gas and mud samples; compound-specific carbon and hydrogen isotopes in production gas and mud gas samples; noble gas isotopes in production gas samples; fluid inclusion compositions from formations (Jonah Field and the Piceance Basin fields,14421 ); gas compositions generated from source rocks during hydrous pyrolysis experiments.

Tags: kmd
Measuring Fracture Density and Orientation in Unconventional Reservoirs with Simple-source Vertical Seismic Profiles

Project Final Report-De-FE0005975-The objective of this project is to develop and demonstrate a technology that uses vertical-force seismic sources combined with vertical seismic profile (VSP) to provide a seismic "log" of natural fracture orientation and density in unconventional reservoirs.

Tags: kmd
MSDC Electrical System for Deepwater Subsea Process

Project Final Report-08121-2901-01-Growing demand for oil and gas worldwide, along with the depletion of existing fields, is driving production towards deepwater assets further away from the shore or a host facility. Such fields require ultra-reliable bulk power T&D with long tiebacks, and present severe challenges to conventional alternating current systems. GE is proposing a direct current T&D architecture based on a modular stacked DC (MSDC) system. The potential benefits include reduced number of subsea components, higher reliability and flexibility, and cost-effective access to widely distributed deepwater reserves.

Tags: kmd
Comprehensive Lifecycle Planning and Management System for Addressing Water Issues Associated With Shale Gas Development in New York, Pennsylvania and West Virginia

Project Final Report-FE0000797-The goal of this project is to develop a modeling system that will allow operators and regulators to plan all aspects of water management activities associated with shale gas development in the targeted project area of New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia (including the aspects of water supply, transport, storage, use, recycling, and disposal). This modeling system can be used for planning, managing, forecasting, permit tracking, and compliance monitoring.

Tags: kmd
Reservoir Characterization of Bridgeport and Cypress Sandstones in Lawrence Field Illinois

Project Final Report-DE-NT0005664-The goal of this project was to test the suitability of Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP) flood technology as an enhanced oil recovery technique for increasing oil production from the two most productive reservoirs in the Lawrence Field in Lawrence County in the Illinois Basin. The ultimate objective of this project was to expand the employment of ASP flood technology from small, limited pilots in the Bridgeport and Cypress sandstones to the remainder of the Lawrence Field.

Tags: kmd
Sensors and Processing for Pipe, Riser, Structure, and Equipment Inspection to Provide Detailed Measurements, Corrosion Detection, Leak Detection, and/or Detection of Heat Plumes from Degraded Pipeline Insulation

Project Final Report-09121-3300-08-The goal of this effort was to develop critical sensing capabilities that improve efficiency, reduce time and costs, reduce rework, and improve safety and environmental performance when developing, exploiting, and producing UDW resources. The tested capabilities were aimed at reducing costs, increasing efficiency, and enhancing environmental performance. UDW resource exploitation will be increased with accelerated development and improved pipeline delivery of petroleum products.

Tags: kmd
Enumerating Bacteria in Deepwater Pipelines in Real-Time and at a Negligible Marginal Cost Per Analysis: A Proof of Concept Study

Project Final Report-08121-2902-06 The purpose of this project was to develop a method for the real-time detection of microorganisms in bacterially contaminated substrates including flood water. The technology developed should, when deployed, be able to identify organisms 1) at the species level; 2) in real-time; 3) from real world samples; 4) quantitatively; 5) automatically.

Tags: kmd
GREEN OIL™ CO2-Enhanced Oil Recovery for America’s Small Oil Producers

Project Final Report-09123-14 The Green OilTM technology is an innovative, a truck-portable renewable energy system that generates and separates CO2 and H2 for CO2-Enhanced Oil Recovery for small oil producers. The CO2 and H2 are generated by the steam-oxygen reforming of biomass, which is followed by product gas clean-up, conditioning, and gas separation to create a high purity CO2 stream for on-site well flooding, and H2 for carbon free electrical power generation. This technical report discusses the operational testing and analysis results of an automated Green OilTM steam-oxygen reformer system.

Tags: kmd
Improved Reservoir Access Through Refracture Treatments in Tight Gas Sands and Gas Shales

Project Final Report-07122-41 The selection of candidate wells for refracturing is often very difficult based on the information available at the surface. Stress reorientation is one of several factors to consider in this well selection process. We propose a systematic methodology, based on dimensionless groups, that allows a field engineer to evaluate a well’s potential for refracturing from an analysis of field production data and other reservoir data that is usually available. This analysis confirms the important role played by stress reorientation in the success of refracturing operations.

Tags: kmd
Design Investigation of Extreme High Pressure, High Temperature, (XHPHT), Subsurface Safety Valves (SSSV)

Regulations require the deployment of a SCSSV in Offshore wells. Current SCSSV designs are not available for XHPHT conditions. Rice University graduate students have been challenged to develop a SCSSV for a 5.5" x 30,000 psi WP at elevated temperature of 450oF in this project.

Tags: 07121-1603c, Fact Sheet, Offshore
A Geomechanical Model for Gas Shales Based on the Integration of Stress Measurements and Petrophysical Data From the Greater Marcellus Gas System

Project Annual Report-09122-32-Year1 Report - Major technical progress involves defining the mechanical stratigraphy based on fracture toughness of the Marcellus black shale. The fracture toughness of Middle Devonian core samples is heavily influenced by lithology, mineralogy, and organic content. Sandstones and quartz-rich samples have the highest fracture toughness while clay and organic-rich black shales have the lowest fracture toughness in this study.

Tags: kmd
Using Single-molecule Imaging System Combined with Nano-fluidic Chip to Understand Fluid Flow in Tight and Shale Gas Formation

Project Annual Report-09122-29-Year2 Report - The project targets on improving the understanding of the flow behavior of natural gas and introduced fluids (water, surfactant solutions and polymers) in nano-darcy range of tight sand and shale formations by using advanced single-molecule imaging system combined with nano-fluidic chips and pore-scale numerical simulation techniques.

Tags: kmd
Using Single-molecule Imaging System Combined with Nano-fluidic Chip to Understand Fluid Flow in Tight and Shale Gas Formation

Project Annual Report-09122-29-Year1 Report - Tight sand and shale gas exist in underground reservoirs with a micro-Darcy (µD) range of permeability and are characterized by nanosized pore throats and crack-like interconnections between pores. The flow of gas and introduced fluid, such as hydraulic fracturing fluid, in these fractures is not well understood. The current study will help to address this problem.

Tags: kmd