AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Landsat Collection 2 - Level-2 - Data Cube - LCF 16 days

Earth Observation Data Cube generated from Landsat Level-2 product over Brazil extension. This dataset is provided in Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) file format. The dataset is processed with 30 meters of spatial resolution, reprojected and cropped to BDC_MD grid Version 2 (BDC_MD V2), considering a temporal compositing function of 16 days using the Least Cloud Cover First (LCF) best pixel approach.
Landsat TSIRF yearly

Brazil, cloud-free, and reconstructed historical Landsat spectral bands are provided at a spatial resolution of 30 meters and temporal resolution of yearly intervals (derived by percentile 50th aggregation of bimonthly images) spanning from 1997 onwards. The dataset was generated using the GLAD Landsat Analysis Ready Data version 2 as the primary input for temporal aggregation and the imputation of missing values. Detailed information on the data processing methodology in [Consoli et al., 2024](https://peerj.com/articles/18585/). This subset of the collection provides Brazil mosaics for all Landsat bands (RGB, NIR, SWIR-1, SWIR-2 & Thermal) as Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG).
CBERS-4/WFI 3M Mosaic

CBERS-4/WFI image mosaic of Brazil with 64m of spatial resolution. The mosaic was prepared in order to demonstrate the technological capabilities of the Brazil Data Cube project tools. The false color composition is based on the WFI bands 15, 16 and 13 assigned to RGB channels. The temporal composition encompasses 03-months of images, starting in April 2020 and ending in June 2020, with a best pixel selection approach called Least Cloud Cover First (LCF). More information on LCF can be found at Brazil Data Cube web site (https://brazil-data-cube.github.io/specifications/processing-flow.html#temporal-compositing). This Image Mosaic used more than 1200 CBERS-4 scenes and was generated based on an existing CBERS-4/WFI image collection.
S2 4M Cerrado Biome Mosaic

Sentinel-2 image mosaic of Brazilian Cerrado biome with 10m of spatial resolution. The mosaic was prepared in support of TerraClass project. The false color composition is based on the MSI bands 8, 4 and 3 assigned to RGB channels. The temporal composition encompasses 04-months of images, starting in june 2022 and ending in September 2022, with a best pixel selection approach called Least Cloud Cover First (LCF). More information on LCF can be found at Brazil Data Cube web site (https://brazil-data-cube.github.io/specifications/processing-flow.html#temporal-compositing). This Image Mosaic used more than 14000 Sentinel-2 scenes and was generated based on an existing data cube of Sentinel-2 images.
TOPODATA - Banco de Dados Geomorfométricos do Brasil

The TOPODATA dataset provides a Brazilian collection of geomorphometric variables derived from SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) data. Original 3-arc second (~90 m) resolution elevation data were refined to 1 arc second (~30 m) through kriging interpolation, followed by geomorphometric derivations such as slope, aspect, profile curvature, and plan curvature. Secondary products include landform classification, dividors and drainage delineation, and shaded relief (hillshade) maps. The dataset is distributed as Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) and aims to support geosciences, environmental management, territorial planning, agriculture, hydrology, and geomorphological research across Brazil.
MYD13Q1 v061 - Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF

The Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Vegetation Indices (MYD13Q1) Version 6.1 data are generated every 16 days at 250 meter (m) spatial resolution as a Level 3 product. The MYD13Q1 product provides two primary vegetation layers. The first is the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) which is referred to as the continuity index to the existing National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (NOAA-AVHRR) derived NDVI. The second vegetation layer is the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), which has improved sensitivity over high biomass regions. The algorithm chooses the best available pixel value from all the acquisitions from the 16 day period. The criteria used is low clouds, low view angle, and the highest NDVI/EVI value.
MODIS-Aqua Monthly Chlorophyll-a - OC-SMART AC

The MODIS-Aqua monthly Chlorophyll-a concentration (CHL, measured in mg·m-3) utilizes daily data from the MODIS sensor onboard NASA's Aqua satellite (MODIS-Aqua). This data has a nominal resolution of 1 km at nadir and is atmospherically corrected through the application of the Ocean Color - Simultaneous Marine and Aerosol Retrieval Tool (OC-SMART) (FAN et al., 2021). The daily CHL estimates are obtained from daily MODIS-Aqua remote sensing reflectance via the Combination Of Neural Network models in Estimating Chlorophyll-a over Turbid and Clear Waters (CONNECT) (TRAN et al., 2025). Subsequently, the CHL products are aggregated into monthly averages by calculating the geometric mean of daily CHL data over the respective month.
Sentinel-2/MSI - Level-2A - Data Cube - LCF 16 days

Earth Observation Data Cube generated from Copernicus Sentinel-2/MSI Level-2A product over Brazil. This dataset is provided in Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) file format. The dataset is processed with 10 meters of spatial resolution, reprojected and cropped to BDC_SM grid Version 2 (BDC_SM V2), considering a temporal compositing function of 16 days using the Least Cloud Cover First (LCF) best pixel approach.
Landsat 6M Mosaic

Landsat-8/OLI image mosaic of Brazil with 30m of spatial resolution. The mosaic was prepared in support of TerraClass project. The false color composition is based on the OLI bands 6, 5 and 4 assigned to RGB channels. The temporal composition encompasses 06-months of images, starting in July 2017 and ending in June 2018, with a best pixel approach called MEDSTK, which uses the middle of the temporal composition interval to select pixels from the closest dates. More information on MEDSTK can be found at Brazil Data Cube web site (https://brazil-data-cube.github.io/specifications/processing-flow.html#temporal-compositing). This Image Mosaic used more than 8000 Landsat/OLI scenes and was generated based on an existing Landsat Image collection.
MYD11A2 v061 - Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF

The Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Surface Temperature/Emissivity 8-Day (MYD11A2) Version 6.1 product provides an average 8-day per-pixel Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (LST&E) with a 1 kilometer (km) spatial resolution in a 1,200 by 1,200 km grid. Each pixel value in the MYD11A2 is a simple average of all the corresponding MYD11A1 LST pixels collected within that 8-day period. The 8-day compositing period was chosen because twice that period is the exact ground track repeat period of the Terra and Aqua platforms. Provided along with the daytime and nighttime surface temperature bands are associated quality control assessments, observation times, view zenith angles, and clear-sky coverages along with bands 31 and 32 emissivities from land cover types.
MODIS-Aqua Daily Chlorophyll-a - OC-SMART AC

The MODIS-Aqua daily Chlorophyll-a concentration (CHL, measured in mg·m-3) utilizes daily data from the MODIS sensor onboard NASA's Aqua satellite (MODIS-Aqua). This data has a nominal resolution of 1 km at nadir and is atmospherically corrected using the Ocean Color - Simultaneous Marine and Aerosol Retrieval Tool (OC-SMART) (FAN et al., 2021). The CHL estimates are obtained from daily MODIS-Aqua remote sensing reflectance via the Combination Of Neural Network models in Estimating Chlorophyll-a over Turbid and Clear Waters (CONNECT) (TRAN et al., 2025). The daily CHL products are the mosaic of several images of CHL estimates obtained for the same day and merged into daily composites utilizing the SNAP mosaicking tool.
S2 3M B08B04B03 Amazon Biome Mosaic

Sentinel-2 image mosaic of Brazilian Amazon biome with 10m of spatial resolution. The mosaic was prepared in support of TerraClass project. The false color composition is based on the MSI bands 08, 04 and 03 assigned to RGB channels. The temporal composition encompasses 03-months of images, starting in june 2024 and ending in August 2024, with a best pixel selection approach called Least Cloud Cover First (LCF). More information on LCF can be found at Brazil Data Cube web site (https://brazil-data-cube.github.io/specifications/processing-flow.html#temporal-compositing). This Image Mosaic used more than 15000 Sentinel-2 scenes and was generated based on an existing data cube of Sentinel-2 images.
Landsat TSIRF bimonthly

Brazil, cloud-free, and reconstructed historical Landsat spectral bands are provided at a spatial resolution of 30 meters and temporal resolution of bimonthly intervals (six images per year) from 1997 onwards. The dataset was generated using the GLAD Landsat Analysis Ready Data version 2 as the primary input for temporal aggregation and the imputation of missing values. Detailed information on the data processing methodology in [Consoli et al., 2024](https://peerj.com/articles/18585/). This subset of the collection provides Brazil mosaics for all Landsat bands (RGB, NIR, SWIR-1, SWIR-2 & Thermal) as Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG).
S2 3M B11B8AB04 Amazon Biome Mosaic

Sentinel-2 image mosaic of Brazilian Amazon biome with 10m of spatial resolution. The mosaic was prepared in support of TerraClass project. The false color composition is based on the MSI bands 11, 8A and 4 assigned to RGB channels. The temporal composition encompasses 03-months of images, starting in june and ending in August for the years 2022 and 2024, with a best pixel selection approach called Least Cloud Cover First (LCF). More information on LCF can be found at Brazil Data Cube web site (https://brazil-data-cube.github.io/specifications/processing-flow.html#temporal-compositing). This Image Mosaic used more than 30000 Sentinel-2 scenes and was generated based on an existing data cube of Sentinel-2 images.
Landsat 3M Amazon Biome Mosaic

Landsat-8/OLI image mosaic of Brazilian Amazon biome with 30m of spatial resolution. The mosaic was prepared in support of TerraClass project. The true color composition is based on the OLI bands 4, 3 and 2 assigned to RGB channels. The temporal composition encompasses 03-months of images, starting in July 2016 and ending in September of 2016, with a best pixel selection approach called Least Cloud Cover First (LCF). More information on LCF can be found at Brazil Data Cube web site (https://brazil-data-cube.github.io/specifications/processing-flow.html#temporal-compositing). This Image Mosaic used more than 1200 Landsat/OLI scenes and was generated based on an existing data cube of Landsat images.
Sentinel-1 - Level-1 - Interferometric Wide Swath Ground Range Detected High Resolution

Copernicus Sentinel-1 Level-1 Ground Range Detected (GRD) products consist of focused SAR data that has been detected, multi-looked and projected to ground range using the WGS84 Earth ellipsoid model. This dataset includes acquisitions over the Brazilian territory from all primary imaging modes, namely Stripmap (SM), Interferometric Wide Swath (IW), and Extra Wide Swath (EW). The GRD products are provided at different resolution classes depending on the acquisition mode. For Stripmap (SM), products are available in full (FR), high (HR), and medium (MR) resolutions, with pixel spacing ranging from approximately 3.5m to 40m. The IW mode, the main acquisition mode over land, is primarily available in high resolution (HR), with a typical pixel spacing of 10x10m, and in medium resolution (MR), with 40x40m. The EW mode, commonly used for wide-area and ocean applications, is provided in high (25x25m) and medium (40x40m) resolutions.
MODIS-Aqua Daily Suspended Particulate Matter - OC-SMART AC

The MODIS-Aqua daily Suspended Particulate Matter concentration (SPM, measured in g·m-3) utilizes daily data from the MODIS sensor onboard NASA's Aqua satellite (MODIS-Aqua). This data has a nominal resolution of 1 km at nadir and is atmospherically corrected using the Ocean Color - Simultaneous Marine and Aerosol Retrieval Tool (OC-SMART) (FAN et al., 2021). The SPM estimates are obtained from a blend of two SPM algorithms (Salah Salah et al., 2025). The daily SPM products are the mosaic of several images of SPM estimates obtained for the same day and merged into daily composites utilizing the SNAP mosaicking tool.
CBERS/WFI - Level-4-SR - Data Cube - LCF 8 days

Earth Observation Data Cube generated from CBERS-4/WFI and CBERS-4A/WFI Level-4 SR products over Brazil extension. This dataset is provided in Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) file format. The dataset is processed with 64 meters of spatial resolution, reprojected and cropped to BDC_LG grid Version 2 (BDC_LG V2), considering a temporal compositing function of 8 days using the Least Cloud Cover First (LCF) best pixel approach.
CBERS-4/WFI - Level-4-SR - Data Cube - LCF 16 days

Earth Observation Data Cube generated from CBERS-4/WFI Level-4 SR product over Brazil extension. This dataset is provided in Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) file format. The dataset is processed with 64 meters of spatial resolution, reprojected and cropped to BDC_LG grid Version 2 (BDC_LG V2), considering a temporal compositing function of 16 days using the Least Cloud Cover First (LCF) best pixel approach.
CBERS-4/MUX - Level-4-SR - Data Cube - LCF 2 months

Earth Observation Data Cube generated from CBERS-4/MUX Level-4 SR product over Brazil extension. This dataset is provided in Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) file format. The dataset is processed with 20 meters of spatial resolution, reprojected and cropped to BDC_MD grid Version 2 (BDC_MD V2), considering a temporal compositing function of 2 months using the Least Cloud Cover First (LCF) best pixel approach.
MOD11A2 v061 - Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF

The Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Surface Temperature/Emissivity 8-Day (MOD11A2) Version 6.1 product provides an average 8-day per-pixel Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (LST&E) with a 1 kilometer (km) spatial resolution in a 1,200 by 1,200 km grid. Each pixel value in the MOD11A2 is a simple average of all the corresponding MOD11A1 LST pixels collected within that 8-day period. The 8-day compositing period was chosen because twice that period is the exact ground track repeat period of the Terra and Aqua platforms. Provided along with the daytime and nighttime surface temperature bands are associated quality control assessments, observation times, view zenith angles, and clear-sky coverages along with bands 31 and 32 emissivities from land cover types.
MODIS-Aqua Daily absorption by Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (aCDOM) - OC-SMART AC

The MODIS-Aqua daily absorption by Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (aCDOM, measured in m-1) utilizes daily data from the MODIS sensor onboard NASA's Aqua satellite (MODIS-Aqua). This data has a nominal resolution of 1 km at nadir and is atmospherically corrected using the Ocean Color - Simultaneous Marine and Aerosol Retrieval Tool (OC-SMART) (FAN et al., 2021). The aCDOM estimates are calculated considering the band centered at 443 nm and the algorithm developed by Bonelli et al. (2021). The daily aCDOM products are the mosaic of several images of aCDOM estimates obtained for the same day and merged into daily composites utilizing the SNAP mosaicking tool.