AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Will Australia fulfil the promise of the Paleozoic?

The recent success of the shale gas industry based on the Paleozoic sequences of North America has prompted a serious reconsideration of the petroleum potential of Australia's onshore basins. From 2010 to 2012 there was a near doubling of the onshore basin area under exploration license and several major international companies have joined local explorers in their endeavours to unlock the potential of Australian Lower Paleozoic and Proterozoic petroleum systems. Australia's geological history has created a great diversity of petroleum systems (Bradshaw, et al. 2012) including a number of Lower Paleozoic and Proterozoic systems. Some of the most oil-prone source rocks are Cambrian and Ordovician marine shales deposited in warm, shallow seas that traversed Australia when it was located in equatorial latitudes within Gondwana. Since 1984, oil has been produced from the Ordovician section of the Amadeus Basin in central Australia, and oil shows have been reported from the Ordovician of the Canning and Arafura basins and the Cambrian of the Georgina and Officer basins. The Canning Basin also has proven oil source rocks of Late Devonian age deposited in tropical marine environments. But despite wide spread excellent source rocks, less than one per cent of Australia's crude oil has been produced from Lower Paleozoic systems. Hydrocarbon charge is considered to be the element of the petroleum system most liable to fail. Some areas of Lower Paleozoic basins were never buried deeply enough to have generated hydrocarbons and where hydrocarbons were expelled preservation of accumulations remains a significant uncertainty due to the adverse impact of the Late Paleozoic Alice Springs Orogeny. Reservoir quality is also an issue for those conventional accumulations that have been preserved intact. Technological advances such as horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing now offer the opportunity to develop hydrocarbon resources in poor quality reservoirs or those still retained within source rocks. When discussing Australia's potential petroleum provinces of the 21st Century, Longley et al. (2001) focused on the offshore Mesozoic rifted margins and only included a short section entitled 'the promise of the Paleozoic'. History has shown that extensive areas of organic-rich rocks have encouraged exploration in Lower Paleozoic onshore basins over several decades but with little reward. Maturation history and preservation are seen as the major risks. However, the unconventional revolution has prompted a revision of this thinking. Evidence will be presented suggesting that the 'promise of the Paleozoic' in Australia may still yet be fulfilled.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Port Fairy Wave Energy Bathymetry 2015 (4495/20150035S)

The Port Fairy Wave Energy bathymetry survey was acquired by Deakin University onboard the Motor Vessel Yolla over two days in 2015 (14/10/2015-15/10/2015) using a Kongsberg EM2040c.

Not to be used for navigational purposes

Tags: AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, Bathymetry, EARTH SCIENCES, Great Australian Bight, MV Yolla, Marine, Offshore Mapping, Published_External, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, multi-beam echosounders
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction in the Timor Sea

Map showing Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction in the Timor Sea.
One of the 27 constituent maps of the "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction Map Series" (GeoCat 71789).
Depicting Australia's extended continental shelf approved by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in April 2008, treaties and various maritime zones.  Background bathymetric image is derived from a combination of the 2009 9 arc second bathymetric and topographic grid by GA and a grid by Smith and Sandwell, 1997. Background land imagery derived from Blue Marble, NASA's Earth Observatory.
A0 sized .pdf downloadable from the web.

Tags: Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Thematic Map, administrative boundaries, bathymetry, marine, marine jurisdiction
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia's buoyancy inherited from Gondwanaland

In company with the other components and continental successors of the Neoproterozoic to Mesozoic Gondwanaland supercontinent, Phanerozoic Australia has a buoyant cratonic platform characterised by non-marine facies, in contrast to the marine facies of the components of depressed Laurasia.  As a supercontinent, Gondwanaland lasted much longer than Laurasia, and was therefore hotter from its more effective insulation of internal heat.  Moreover, the Pan-African orogenic cycle, confined to Gondwanaland, augmented the heat supply, and I postulate that Pan-African heat generated a permanently buoyant lower crust by mafic underplating.  A crustal layer in the Australian Proterozoic shield with subhorizontal reflectors and velocity (Vp) &gt; 7.5 km s-1 is interpreted as the product of mafic underplating beneath latest Neoproterozoic flood basalt.  The Pan-African terrane in East Africa also contains evidence of mafic underplating, and most of Gondwanaland (but not Laurasia) was affected by terminal Pan-African (0.5 Ga) uplift and cooling. In equivalent Late Cretaceous and Late Ordovician stages of the 400 m.y. Pangean supercycle, the Australian (and possibly the South American) platform deviated from the global norm by rising faster than eustatic sea level. In Australia, plate boundary events - steeper subduction, mafic underplating of a lower plate along a divergent back-arc boundary - explain uplift in the east, but not that in the west, which relaxed to its natural buoyant state.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Marine Zone Management and the EPBC ACT: How Environmental Marine Geological Information Provides Certainty for Petroleum Exploration

In order to protect the diversity of marine life in Australia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), the federal parliament has passed the Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act 1999. The Act is being implemented through the design of a national representative system of marine protected areas (MPAs) that will place under protection a representative portion of Australia's EEZ by 2012.  A total of 13 MPAs have already been nominated for the southeast region in 2006.
Limited biological data in Australia's EEZ has resulted in biophysical information compiled by Geoscience Australia being used as a proxy for seabed biodiversity in support of marine conservation planning.  Information we use to characterise the seabed includes bathymetry, geomorphology, acoustic properties, sediment properties, slope and sediment mobilisation due to waves and tides. To better characterise habitats on the Australian continental shelf, Geoscience Australia is creating 'seascape' maps (similar to geological facies maps) that integrate these multiple layers of spatial data, and are useful for the prediction of the distribution of biodiversity in Australia's EEZ. This information provides 100% spatial coverage based on objective, multivariate statistical methods and offers certainty for managers and stakeholders including the oil and gas industry, who are involved with designing Australia's national MPA system.  Certainty for industries operating in the EEZ is enhanced by a reproducible, science-based approach for identifying conservation priorities and the classification of seafloor types within multiple use areas.

Tags: AU, Article, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, bathymetry, environmental, geomorphology, habitat, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
North Wollongong (Bellambi Point to Stanwell Park), NSW Bathymetry Acquisition (20170028S)

The North Wollongong, Bellambi Pont to Stanwell Park, NSW bathymetry survey was acquired by the NSW government (Department of Planning and Environment – DPE) onboard the RV Bombora during the period 13 Aug 2017 – 4 Mar 2022, using DPE’s R2Sonic 2022 multibeam sonar. The survey was completed as part of the SeabedNSW program funded by NSW government through Coastal Reforms (&gt;2015), HabMap Program funded through Marine Parks Authority (now under Marine Estate Management Authority) or through collaborations with partner agencies or institutions. The purpose of the project was to 1) provide a baseline dataset and 2) map the spatial distribution of seabed types.  This dataset contains 32-bit floating point geotiff files of bathymetry and backscatter in 5m resolution for the study area, derived from the processed Hypack, R2Sonic GUI, POSView, POSPac, Qimera and FMGT software. General details on vessel setup, mobilisation and processing are provided at https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/-/media/OEH/Corporate-Site/Documents/Research/Our-science-and-research/seabed-nsw-standard-operating-procedures-multibeam-surveying-190101.pdf with survey specific details in the Survey Report and DPIE Rigor Statement (can be provided upon request).

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth Science | Oceans | Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography | Bathymetry, HVC_144641, Oceans, Offshore Mapping, Published_External, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, bathymetric grids, bathymetry
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Elizabeth and Middleton Reef bathymetry survey (GA4848)

This resource includes bathymetry data for Elizabeth and  Middleton Reef within Lord Howe Marine Park collected by Geoscience Australia during the period 31 January to 6 February 2020 on the Australian Maritime College vessel, TV Bluefin. 
The survey was undertaken as a collaborative project funded through the National Environmental Science Program Marine Biodiversity Hub, with the Institute for Marine &amp; Antarctic Studies (University of Tasmania), NSW Department of Primary Industries, University of Sydney (Centre for Field Robotics) and Parks Australia. 
The purpose of the survey was to collect baseline information for benthic habitats within the National Park Zone (Middleton Reef) and Recreational Use Zone (Elizabeth Reef) of the marine park. 
These data will support ongoing environmental monitoring within the Temperate East Marine Park Network as part of the 10-year management plan (2018-2028). 
Data acquisition for the project included seabed mapping using multibeam sonar (Kongsberg EM 2040C HD, 300 kHz), seabed imagery acquisition by Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV Sirius), sediment samples (grab) and imagery of demersal fish communities by baited remote underwater video (BRUV). 
This dataset comprises two bathymetry grids derived from multibeam sonar data gridded at 5 m spatial resolution, covering a combined area of 312 km2 including the transit.
A detailed report on the survey is provided in: Carroll, A et al. 2020. Australian Marine Park Baseline and Monitoring Survey: Post Survey Report, Middleton and Elizabeth Reefs, Lord Howe Marine Park. Report to the National Environmental Science Program, Marine Biodiversity Hub.
This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.
This dataset is published with the permission of the CEO, Geoscience Australia

Tags: AusSeabed, Bathymetric grids, Bathymetry, EARTH SCIENCES, HVC_144641, Marine, Multibeam, Published_Internal
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Seabed morphology and geomorphology of the Beagle Marine Park, south-eastern Australia, Version 1 WFS

This OGC Web Feature Service (WFS) contains geospatial seabed morphology and geomorphology information for the Beagle Marine Park (South-east Marine Parks Network) and is intended for use by marine park managers, regulators and other stakeholders. This web service uses the data product published in Nanson et al. (2023); eCat Record 147976.

Tags: Geomorphology, Geomorphology and Earth Surface Processes, Mapping, Morphology, Parks Australia, Published_External, Seabed, Spatial, WFS, web service
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Second AGSO Petroleum Group Seminar, 17-18-19 November 1993 : Key Abstracts

REGIONAL DEEP SEISMIC of the NORTH WEST SHELF
by the AGSO North West Shelf Study Group (J.B. Colwell,N.F. Exon, P.J. Hill, G.W. O'Brien, C.J. Pigram, D.C. Ramsay, H.M.J. Stagg, H.I.M. Stracktneyer, P.A. Symonds, J.B. Wilcox)

PRE-JURASSIC RIFT ARCHITECTURE AND TECTONIC DEVELOPMENT, TIMOR SEA/ASHMORE
CARTIER REGION
by G.W. O'Brien, J.B. Wilcox, S. Baldwin, C.J. Pigram, M. Morsel &amp; J. Ostby

TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE BASS STRAIT REGION, AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR PETROLEUM POTENTIAL
by J. B. Wilcox &amp; J. Colwell THE OTWAY BASIN - A COMPLEX PASSIVE MARGIN IN SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA
by D. M. Finlayson, G. W. O'Brien and C. V. Reeves

PHILIPPINE MARINE SEISMIC SURVEY PROJECT^10
by Chao-Shing Lee, Malcolm C. Galloway, Aidan Moore and Andrew Fraser

DEEP WATER PETROLEUM PROSPECTS IN THE^12
LORD HOWE RISE REGION
by P.A. Symonds &amp; J.B. Wilcox
EVOLUTION OF THE CANNING BASIN AND ITS PETROLEUM^14
SYSTEMS: PROGRESS REPORT
by M. J. Jackson, J. Kennard, K.. Romine, P. Southgate, M. Sexton, R. Shaw,
C. Foster, P. Jones, R. Nicoll, G. Young, I. Zeilinger

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, petroleum geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Seabed Gravel Content Across the Australian Continental EEZ, 2011

The dataset provides the spatially continuous data of the seabed gravel content (sediment fraction &gt;2000 Âµm) expressed as a weight percentage ranging from 0 to 100%, presented in 0.01 decimal degree resolution raster format. 

The dataset covers the Australian continental EEZ, including seabed surrounding Tasmania. It does not include areas surrounding Macquarie Island, and the Australian Territories of Norfolk Island, Christmas Island, and Cocos (Keeling) Islands or Australia's marine jurisdiction off of the Territory of Heard and McDonald Islands and the Australian Antarctic Territory.

This dataset supersedes previous predictions of sediment gravel content for the Australian Margin with demonstrated improvements in accuracy. Accuracy of predictions varies based on density of underlying data and level of seabed complexity. Artefacts occur in this dataset as a result of insufficient samples in relevant regions. This dataset is intended for use at national and regional scales. The dataset may not be appropriate for use at local scales in areas where sample density is insufficient to detect local variation in sediment properties. To obtain the most accurate interpretation of sediment distribution in these areas, it is recommended that additional samples be collected and interpolations updated.

Tags: AU-EEZ, Earth Sciences, GIS Dataset, National, National dataset, Published_External, geoscience, mapping, marine, marine jurisdiction, seabed, sedimentology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Structure and stratigraphy of the central Great Barrier Reef

The Cainozoic evolution of the central Great Barrier Reef Province has been deduced from shallow, intermediate, and deep focus seismic reflection profiling.  For much of its history the province has been dominated by terrigenous sedimentation , principally controlled by the relative height of sea level. The earliest depositional episode recognisable beneath the continental shelf was the infilling of the Queensland Trough rift basin with alluvial fan and trunk stream deposits in the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene. As the region subsided further, this was replaced by a Paleocene to Eocene marginal and shallow marine coastal and marine onlap phase.  Three periods of low sea level in the late Oligocene, late Miocene, and late Pliocene to Pleistocene resulted in alluvial sedimentation across the shelf, and fluvial and wave-dominated deltaic progradation at the shelf edge, which produced 10-40 km of shelf out-building. During the intervening periods of high sea level, sedimentation was restricted to coastal deltaic progradation on the inner shelf and onlap of the continental slope by submarine fans, and the upper slope was extensively eroded. The reef facies may have first appeared as a fringing reef in the Eocene, but was only established as an extensive, apparently shelf-dominating facies during high sea levels associated with Pleistocene aggradational phases. The reefs, which appear to be only 150-250 m thick, grew on and occur within siliciclastic fluviatile and deltaic sediments, and not on antecedent carbonate platforms. Reef growth occurred during short periods of high sea level, and during the intervening and longer periods of low sea level the reefs were eroded subaerially.  Continual re-colonisation of sites throughout their growth history has produced reefs that are composite features made up of a series of remnant reefs separated by unconformities. A shelf-edge barrier reef system, now generally submerged, occurs along much of the central Great Barrier Reef Province, except near Palm and Magnetic Passages. This has modified upper slope deposition during periods of low sea level by funnelling fluvio-deltaic sediments through gaps in the barrier reef, directly feeding upper slope canyons and depositing submarine fans on the middle and lower slopes. During periods of high sea level the barrier reef has shed fine-grained carbonates and organic material to the upper slope. It appears that the central Great Barrier Reef region is unlikely to have been a major reef carbonate province at any but the most recent stage of its evolution.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, QLD, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geomorphic Features of Australia's Marine Jurisdiction WMS

The Geomorphic Features of Australia's Marine Jurisdiction web service brings together various datasets produced by Geoscience Australia that describe the distribution and types of geomorphic features found on the seabed of Australia's marine jurisdiction. This jurisdiction covers Australia's Exclusive Economic Zone, including offshore islands and territories. Geomorphic features have been identified using the best available bathymetric data with features generally mapped at a scale of 1:5 000 000.

Tags: Australia, EEZ, Earth Sciences, Published_External, WMS, geomorphology, marine, seabed, web service
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Samphire Marsh No. 1 Well Western Australia Of West Australian Petroleum Pty Limited

Samphire Marsh No. 1 Well was drilled to a total depth of 6664 feet as a stratigraphic and structural test in the South Canning Basin.

The drill passed through 120 feet of Quaternary silt and limestone, 2124 feet of Mesozoic sandstone and siltstone, 1811 feet of Permian marine beds, partly of glacial origin, and 2541 feet of Lower Ordovician shale with sandstone at the base. The drill encountered Precambrian granite at 6610 feet, confirming the geophysical estimate of depth to basement.

None of the sediments present in the well are considered likely to be a source for hydrocarbon accumulations. No signs of hydrocarbons were seen in this well.

Tags: AU-WA, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Other Publication, Published_External, petroleum exploration
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Food by Geoscience Design! The geoscience of food, from tectonic plates to dinner plates

Our planet provides everything we need for our lives, including the food we eat.  As the human population increases and expectations for lifestyle quality increases, so too do the pressures placed on our planet to provide that food.  We therefore need to be better at producing food and understanding how that links to our scientific understanding of our planet.
For National Science Week 2021, the Geoscience Australia public seminar (co-sponsored by the ACT Division of the Geological Society of Australia and the ACT Branch of the Australian Marine Sciences Association) will present four speakers to demonstrate how geoscience is integral to the provision of our food.
Steve Hill – The Long View:  Across many disciplines of geoscience and different spatial scales, geology, soils and even plate tectonics influence our food (and wine).
Andrew Carroll – Finding Important Seabed Habitat (FISH):  Did you know that seabed mapping data directly contributes $9 billion to the Australian economy each year and employs over 56,000 people?  For the fishing and aquaculture sectors, seabed mapping is valued at $3 billion.  However, only one quarter of Australia’s seabed is mapped!  Learn how GA is addressing this challenge to support the rapid growth of Australia's Blue Economy.   

Claire Krause – Food at Scale:  In a country as big and dynamic as Australia, producing food is no small task.  Satellite imagery is being leveraged to map, monitor and understand Australia’s food production regions and to identify and manage challenges in the sector. 

Anna Riddell – From Paddock to Plate with Positioning:  Have you ever wondered how your food arrives on your plate and the role that navigation satellites play?  Positioning is becoming ubiquitous in everyday life and even has a part in enabling our food to be grown, harvested and transported.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, Wednesday Seminar, food, soils
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Western Australia onshore plus marine magnetic grid geodetic

Total magnetic intensity (TMI) data measures variations in the intensity of the Earth's magnetic field caused by the contrasting content of rock-forming minerals in the Earth crust. Magnetic anomalies can be either positive (field stronger than normal) or negative (field weaker) depending on the susceptibility of the rock. The data are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
This Western Australia onshore plus marine magnetic grid geodetic has a cell size of 0.0025 degrees (approximately 266m). The units are in nanoTesla (or nT). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 2005 by the WA Government, and consisted of None line-kilometres of data at Nonem line spacing and Nonem terrain clearance.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, Published_External, TMI, WA, airborne digital data, geophysical survey, geophysics, grid, mag, magnetics, magnetism, palaeomagnetism, raster, survey 1087, total magnetic intensity
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Prydz Channel Fan and the History of Extreme Ice Advances in Prydz Bay

During the late Neogene, the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf drainage system flowed across Prydz Bay in an ice stream that reached the shelf edge and built a trough mouth fan on the upper continental slope. The adjacent banks saw mostly subglacial till deposition beneath slower-moving ice. The fan consists mostly  of debris flow deposits derived from the melting out of subglacial debris at the grounding line at the continental shelf edge. Thick debris flow intervals are separated by thin mudstone horizons deposited when the ice had retreated from the shelf edge. Age control in ODP Site 1167 indicates that the bulk of the trough mouth fan was deposited prior to the Brunhes-Matuyama Boundary (780 ka) with as few as 3 debris flow intervals deposited since then. This stratigraphy indicates that extreme advances of the Lambert Glacier-Amery Ice Shelf system ceased during the mid Pleistocene. Possible causes for this change are progressive over-deepening of the inner shelf, a reduction in maximum ice volumes in the interior of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet caused by temperature change and a change in the interaction of Milanckovich cycles and the response time of the ice sheet.

Tags: AQ, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Monograph Contribution, Published_External, continental margins, marine, palaeoclimatology, seismic sections, underwater drilling
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data