AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
National Gravity Compilation 2019 includes airborne DGIR 1VD image

Gravity data measure small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 includes airborne DGIR 1VD image is produced from the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids B series. These gravity data were acquired under the project No. 202008. The grid represented in this image has a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). The data are derived from ground observations stored in the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as at September 2019, supplemented by offshore data sourced from v28.1 of the Global Gravity grid developed using data from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego. Airborne gravity and gravity gradiometry data were also included to provide better resolution to areas where ground gravity data was not of a suitable quality. Out of the approximately 1.8 million gravity observations, nearly 1.4 million gravity stations in the ANGD together with Airborne Gravity surveys totaling 345,000 line km and 106,000 line km of Airborne Gravity Gradiometry were used to generate this grid. The ground and airborne gravity data used in this grid has been acquired by the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments, the mining and exploration industry, universities and research organisations from the 1940's to the present day. Station spacing for ground observations varies from approximately 11 km down to less than 1 km, with major parts of the continent having station spacing between 2.5 and 7 km. Airborne surveys have a line spacing ranging from 0.5 km to 2.5 km. The image shows the first vertical derivative of the de-trended global isostatic residual (DGIR) anomalies over Australia and its continental margins. The DGIR grid was obtained by subtracting 3 quantities (i.e., the near-field isostatic correction, the far-field isostatic correction, and a first order trend correction) from Complete Bouguer Anomaly data (CBA) of the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids B series. A first vertical derivative was calculated by applying a fast Fourier transform (FFT) process to the DGIR grid of the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids to produce the grid represented in this image.

Tags: 1vd, Australia, B series, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, airborne data, de-trended, first vertical derivative, geophysical survey, geophysics, grav, gravity, grid, ground digital data, image, isostatic, marine data gravity gradiometry, raster, residual, satellite data, survey 202008
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
High-energy reef and terrigenous sedimentation, Boulder Reef, Great Barrier Reef

Sediment and water flux were monitored at Boulder Reef, in the Northern Great Barrier Reef, before, during, and after the passage of Tropical Cyclone Dominic. Rainfall at Cooktown as a result of Dominic amounted to 430 mm in 3 days, this effecting a record discharge in the Endeavour River of nearly 50 000 megalitres/day. At Boulder Reef, conditions prior to Dominic of 10-20 knot winds effected average water velocities of 11 cm/s across the reef, which generated a substantial reef-derived sediment load with particulate organic material up to ten times greater than particulate inorganic carbon by weight. During the high-energy event, winds in excess of 50 knots generated water movements of up to 40 cm/s and sediment loads two to five times greater than before the event. In addition, the sediment contained a substantial terrestrial component (illite and kaolinite), probably originating from the Endeavour River. Three days after the passage of Dominic, water velocities across the reef were still rapid (up to 60 cm/s) and sediment loads still high, although now only reef-derived. However, further monitoring indicated a second pulse of terrigenous material reaching Boulder Reef four days after Dominic. Large amounts of reef-derived carbonate and organic material are lost daily from the system to the inter-reef areas. Conversely, large quantities of terrestrially derived clay are added to the reef every five years or so, in amounts within the range 135- 228 tonnes: this has probably occurred at this periodicity for the past 5000 years. Cores through the Holocene section confirmed that clay deposition has occurred throughout its growth.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, QLD, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Explanatory notes, McKinlay Sheet, Queensland (BMR Explan Notes and map)

The McKinlay Sheet area was mapped during 1961 by the Great Artesian Basin Field Party of the Bureau of  Mineral Resources. A conformable sequence reaching a thickness of about 3500 feet from the basal Cretaceous Longsight Sandstone to the ?Upper Cretaceous Winton Formation is present. West of Kynuna the Edkins Formation, of probable Tertiary age, was deposited in what may have been an earlier tributary of the ancestral Diamantina River.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Arafura Marine Park survey - backscatter (SOL7491/GA0366)

This resource includes backscatter data for Arafura Marine Park (Arafura Sea) collected by Geoscience Australia (GA) and the Australian Institute of Marine Science during the period 2 – 15 November 2020 on the RV Solander. The survey was undertaken as a collaborative project funded through the National Environmental Science Program Marine Biodiversity Hub, with co-investment by GA and AIMS. The purpose of the project was to build baseline information for benthic habitats in Arafura Marine Park that will support ongoing environmental monitoring within the North Marine Park Network as part of the 10-year management plan (2018-2028). Data acquisition for the project included multibeam bathymetry and backscatter for two areas (Money Shoal and Pillar Bank), seabed samples and underwater imagery of benthic communities and demersal fish. This backscatter dataset contains two 32-bit geotiff files of the backscatter mosaic for two survey areas produced from the processed EM2040C Dual Head system using the CMST-GA MB Process v15.04.04.0 (x64) toolbox software co-developed by the Centre for Marine Science and Technology at Curtin University and Geoscience Australia. A detailed report on the survey is provided in: Picard, K. Stowar, M., Roberts, N., Siwabessy, J., Abdul Wahab, M.A., Galaiduk, R., Miller, K., Nichol, S. 2021. Arafura Marine Park Post Survey Report. Report to the National Environmental Science Program, Marine Biodiversity Hub (https://www.nespmarine.edu.au/node/4505).

Tags: AusSeabed, Backscatter, Backscatter grids, EARTH SCIENCES, Marine, Multibeam, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Unconventional hydrocarbons - Australia's old rocks prove their worth

Australia’s search for petroleum began in the onshore basins where extensive areas of Paleozoic marine sequences, with some high-quality source rock intervals and spectacular outcrop, encouraged sporadic exploration for many decades. For these efforts, there were some rewards, including the discovery of the Mereenie oil field in Ordovician rocks, the Amadeus Basin in 1960s, and the Blina discovery in Devonian carbonates in the Canning Basin during the early 1980s. Since the late 1980s, however, the focus of exploration has shifted offshore where more and larger discoveries were made in the Mesozoic marginal basins, which today contain about 90% or more of Australia’s conventional oil and gas. Now, however, the focus has shifted back to the onshore, recognising the potential for shale and tight gas and oil in these older rocks. The onshore basin area under exploration license has nearly doubled from 2010 to 2012; several major international companies have joined local explorers in testing the worth of Australia’s lower Paleozoic and Proterozoic petroleum systems, and new discoveries have been made in several basins. Geoscience Australia and its partners in the state and NT surveys are undertaking new assessments and studies across a number of these basins.

Extended abstract and presentation prepared for the APPEA Conference &amp; Exhibition 2013, Brisbane. 

Citation: Bradshaw, M., Carr, L., Edwards, D.S., Hall, L., Laurie, J.R. 2013. Unconventional hydrocarbons - Australia's old rocks prove their worth. The APPEA Journal 53(2) 472-472 https://doi.org/10.1071/AJ12083

Tags: Amadeus Basin, Australian Paleozoic basins, Canning Basin, Conventional Hydrocarbons, Crude oils, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Georgina Basin, Molecular Biomarkers, Petroleum Supersystems, Published_External, Shale gas, Unconventional Hydrocarbons
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AHO Reference Surfaces Rottnest 0.5m 2023 (20230019R)

The Rottnest Reference Surface was created from a bathymetry survey acquired for the Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO) on 11 December 2022. This surface was created from a contracted national reference survey adjacent to Rottnest Island, WA, collected for the purpose of calibrating multibeam echosounders. It was conducted for the Australian Hydrographic Office as part of the Hydroscheme Industry Partnership Program, using a Kongsberg EM2040P and processed using Caris HIPS &amp; SIPS. Separate grids in 0.5m and 2m resolution are provided for the two surveyed sites within this survey area in MSL, LAT and Ellipsoid vertical datums. The datasets were exported as 0.5m and 2m resolution, 32-bit floating point GeoTIFF grids.



This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.


Tags: AusSeabed, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth Science | Oceans | Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography | Bathymetry, HVC_144641, Multibeam, Oceans, Published_External, bathymetric grids, bathymetry
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
BMR Cruise 107: Seabed Morphology and Offshore Resources around Christmas Island, Indian Ocean

The Australian Territory of Christmas Island, a raised atoll with a population of about 2000 people, lies on oceanic crust about 1600 km north- north west of Australia's Northwest Cape, and 350 km south of western most Java (Fig. 1). The Australian Cocos-Keeling Islands group is 1000 km further west. Christmas Island resembles a 'T', with its stem running east-west (Fig. 4), has an area of 140 km2, and is up to 20 km across. Australia has declared a 200 mile fisheries zone around Christmas Island. The island is on the Indo-Australian Plate, which is moving 'north at about 7cm/year, and is being uplifted on the bulge in front of the Java Trench 150km to the north. It has the form of a plateau at 200-300 m above sea level,bounded by a series of sea cliffs and terraces. The plateau slopes to the south; the highest point is Murray's Hill (361 m) on the western end of the island. The natural vegetation is tropical rain forest. The island is at the eastern end of the submarine Christmas Rise, which extends south-south west for 700 km (Fig. 1). The Java Trench to the north is more than 6500 m deep, and the abyssal plains around the Christmas Rise are 5000-6000 m deep. The rise sits on oceanic crust of presumed LateCretaceous age, and both it and the pedestal of the island consist largely of volcanics. On the island the volcanics are overlain by Eocene limestone, and an extensive Miocene limestone which is associated with extensive phosphate deposits. These deposits produced nearly 1,000,000 tonnes a year of phosphate rock until 1987 when mining ceased. Mining resumed at asmaller scale in 1991. In early 1991, the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade requested BMR to undertake a study of the non-living seabed resources of the area around Christmas Island, as an aid to seabed boundary delimitation negotiations. This work arose from the request, and started in January 1992, using RV. Rig Seismic. A cruise narrative is provided in Appendix 7

Tags: CX, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Salinity of deep formation water in the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Salinity of deep formation water in the Canning Basin, estimated from well log data or measured on water samples from oil-production wells and drill stem tests, ranges from almost fresh water (&lt;1000 mg/L TDS) to brines which contain &gt;300,000 mg/L TDS.  Salinity is generally below 10,000 mg/L and rarely above 100,000 mg/L, partly because most wells have been drilled near the margins of the Canning Basin or its sub-basins and/or they intersect only the top few km of sedimentary sections.  Most very high salinity water (&gt; 100,000 mg/L) was found in the south of the Canning Basin, particularly in the Willara and Kidson Sub-Basins, which were the sites of sabkhas (e.g. the Mellinjerie Limestone) and extensive deposition of evaporites (e.g. the Carribuddy Formation) in the Ordovician and Silurian.  Salinity depends strongly on depth and sometimes increases from the top to the base of a stratigraphic unit or group of units before abruptly decreasing at the top of the underlying unit and then rising again.  This type of pattern is most evident where the stratigraphic units are relatively thick, and the profiles are best preserved in low to moderate permeability sediments located in present-day low recharge areas of the basin. The pattern is probably formed by stacking of a series of palaeo-salinity profiles, produced during a marine-continental or other depositional cycle in which the relatively high-salinity marine or non-marine water in the upper parts of the aquifer was partly replaced by low-salinity terrigenous groundwater.  Average salinity of individual stratigraphic units within the basin increases linearly with increasing depth of burial, which suggests that the more saline deeper water interacts with the nearer-surface meteoric systems, probably via molecular diffusion of salt.  Salinity is abnormally high in those parts of the Grant Group where re-solution of evaporites from the underlying Carribuddy Formation can occur, and in the low-permeability Mellinjerie Limestone where original highly saline pore water is retained and/or there is dissolution of associated evaporites.  Higher than expected salinity also occurs in the Devonian Reef Complex and the Nita Formation, where water may contain remnants of palaeo-brines which entered the sediments before their permeability was reduced by cementation and compaction.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, WA
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Submarine valleys on the Ceduna Terrace off South Australia

A detailed bathymetric map has been compiled for the Ceduna Terrace, off South Australia. The most striking features of the bathymetry are numerous submarine valleys, which dissect the otherwise gently sloping terrace. These are mostly broad and shallow, and form a dendritic tributary system feeding submarine canyons on the lower slope. The valleys were probably eroded by turbidity currents generated near the shelf-break during low sea-level stands. There is little evidence to suggest that they have resulted from mass movement and slumping or from subaerial erosion. Most valleys appear to have developed during the Quaternary, but some may have originated in the Tertiary.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, SA, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Capel and Faust Basins Marine Magnetic Data

Total magnetic intensity (TMI) data measures variations in the intensity of the Earth's magnetic field caused by the contrasting content of rock-forming minerals in the Earth crust. Magnetic anomalies can be either positive (field stronger than normal) or negative (field weaker) depending on the susceptibility of the rock. The data are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. These line dataset from the GA302 Capel and Faust Basins MSS survey were acquired in 2006 for Geoscience Australia. This survey acquired a range of pre-competitive geological and geophysical data that included seismic reflection, gravity, magnetic and swath bathymetry measurements, as well as seafloor dredge samples.

Tags: Capel and Faust, EARTH SCIENCES, GA302, GEOPHYSICS, Magnetism and Palaeomagnetism, Published_External, line, magnetic, marine, shipborne, vector
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR image

Gravity data measure small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR image is produced from the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series. These gravity data were acquired under the project No. 202008. The grid The grid represented in this image has a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). The data are given in units of um/s^2, also known as 'gravity units', or gu. The %%MV_DATASETS/SURVEY_NAME% are derived from ground observations stored in the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as at September 2019, supplemented by offshore data sourced from v28.1 of the Global Gravity grid developed using data from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego. Out of the approximately 1.8 million gravity observations, nearly 1.4 million gravity stations in the ANGD together with marine data were used to generate this grid. The ground gravity data used in this grid has been acquired by the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments, the mining and exploration industry, universities and research organisations from the 1940's to the present day. Station spacing for ground observations varies from approximately 11 km down to less than 1 km, with major parts of the continent having station spacing between 2.5 and 7 km. The image shows de-trended global isostatic residual anomalies (A series) over Australia and its continental margins. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR image (DGIR) was obtained by subtracting 3 quantities (i.e., the near-field isostatic correction, the far-field isostatic correction, and a first order trend correction) from Complete Bouguer Anomaly data (CBA) of the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series.

Tags: A series, Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, de-trended, geophysical survey, geophysics, grav, gravity, grid, ground digital data, image, isostatic, marine data, raster, residual, satellite data, survey 202008
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
5028 Block 1 (Southwest) raw-edited radiometric point-located data

GENERAL
 The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric, method measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays originating from the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). Radiometric data has many uses including geological mapping, mineral exploration, and environmental studies.

RAW-EDITED DATA
 The raw-edited point-located data is the rawest form of the data and includes the 256-channel gamma-ray spectra, raw window counts, raw altimeter heights, and ellipsoidal GNSS heights.

This 5028 Block 1 (Southwest) raw-edited radiometric point-located data were acquired in 2024 by the WA Government, and consisted of 415090 line-kilometres of data at 100m line spacing and 50m terrain clearance.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NASVD, Published_External, WA, airborne digital data, gamma-ray, geophysical survey, geophysics, line, point-located, potassium, radiometrics, spectrometry, survey 5028, thorium, uranium
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geomorphology and Sediment Transport in Keppel Bay, Central Queensland, Australia

Keppel Bay is a macrotidal environment that represents the interface of the large catchment of the Fitzroy River with the southern GBR continental shelf. In this study, we assessed the distribution of sediments and their depositional characteristics using a combination of sediment sampling, and acoustic (sonar) seabed mapping tools. Using statistical techniques, we classified the seabed sediments of Keppel Bay into five distinct classes, based on sediment grainsize, chemical composition, and modelled seabed hear stress (the influence of waves and tidal currents).

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Report, coasts, geomorphology, marine, sedimentology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
SI 1027 Clarence Strait to Dundas Strait (HIPP) Bathymetry Acquisition (20230050S)

The Clarence Strait to Dundas Strait&nbsp;bathymetry survey was acquired for the Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO) during the period 4 Jul 2023 – 9 Sep 2023. This was a contracted survey conducted for the Australian Hydrographic Office as part of the Hydroscheme Industry Partnership Program. The survey area encompasses an area in Clarence Strait to Dundas Strait. Bathymetry data was acquired using Kongsberg  EM2040-07 and Kongsberg EM2040-P, and processed using QIMERA and BeamworX AutoClean processing software. The dataset was then exported as a 30m resolution, 32 bit floating point GeoTIFF grid of the survey area.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth Science | Oceans | Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography | Bathymetry, HVC_144641, Multibeam, Oceans, Offshore Mapping, Published_External, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, bathymetric grids, bathymetry, multibeam
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geoscience Australia Borehole Database (BOREHOLE)

The Geoscience Australia Boreholes database (BOREHOLE) includes borehole header and directional survey data from: 1. boreholes drilled by Geoscience Australia and its predecessor organisations (BMR, AGSO), 2. all resource exploration boreholes drilled in Australian Commonwealth offshore marine jurisdictions, 3. a selection of Australian onshore mineral exploration, groundwater, geothermal and seismic boreholes, and 4. a small number of research-related boreholes outside of the Australian jurisdiction.

Geoscience Australia is not a reporting or regulatory authority for borehole drilling.  Borehole information in the Geoscience Australia Boreholes database is sourced from various regulatory authorities in the States, Northern Territory and Commonwealth governments for Geoscience Australia research purposes.  Where Geoscience Australia is not the custodian of borehole data provided in this database, the custodian agency provided with the data should be consulted as the authoritative source.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, EFTF, Exploring For The Future, HVC_144618, Published_External, borehole, borehole logging, energy exploration, geology, groundwater, mineral exploration, stratigraphy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data