AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Harris Greenstone Belt GIS Dataset

The Harris Greenstone Domain (HGD) is a late Archean-Proterozoic arcuate tectnostratigraphic terrane in the centre of the Gawler Craton. It is bound to the south by the Yerda Shear Zone and has a lithological zone boundary to the north with the Wilgena Domain. The basement comprises Archean ultramafic-mafic extrusives (Lake Harris Komatiite), aluminous metasediments (Christie Gneiss), felsic extrusives and intrusives (Kenalla Gneiss), felsic intrusives (Glenroth Granite), and Proterozoic felsic intrusives (Hiltaba Suite Granite, St Peter Suite), felsic and mafic extrusives (Gawler Range Volcanics), and fluvial-marine sedimentary rocks (Tarcoola Formation, Pandurra Formation).

The HGD is characterised by a series of sub-parallel east-northeast trending sinuous magnetic high features flanked by large ovoid to elongate magnetic highs and lows. The prominent narrow magnetic highs constitute the Archean Harris Greenstone Belt (HGB). Rock types in this poorly exposed belt include komatiite, komatiitic basalt, tholeiitic basalt, and subordinate banded iron formation, metasediments, felsic volcanics, and pyroclastics metamorphosed to amphibolite facies during the Sleafordian Orogeny at ~2440 Ma. 

The Lake Harris Komatiite, which represents the most eastern occurrence of komatiite in Australia, has potential for Ni-Cu-PGE sulphide and lode-Au mineralising systems. The prospective greenstone sequence is covered by thin (&lt;50 m) Quaternary sand and Eocene fluvial channel deposits. The distribution and structure of the greenstones is based largely on interpretation of aeromagnetics, gravity, and diamond drillcore.

Tags: 250K scale, AU-SA, Earth Sciences, GIS, GIS Dataset, Published_External, dataset, geology, geophysics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geoscience Australia - Value to the Nation

Over 70 years, Geoscience Australia has contributed to the economic, social and environmental well-being of Australia. This publication highlights a number of case studies where Geoscience Australia's work has provided benefits in six strategic priorities:
* Building Australia's Resource Wealth
* Ensuring Australia's Community Safety
* Security Australia's Water Resources
* Managing Australia's Marine Jurisdictions
* Providing Fundamental Geographic Information
* Maintaining Geoscience Knowledge and Capability

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Regional variations in Australian heat flow

Twenty new heat-flow values from widely separated sites on the Australian continent are presented. These are combined with published land and marine data in the area 90-170Â°E, 0.45Â°S to produce contour maps of heat flux in the region. For most of the area the heat flux is uniform, and low (30-60 mW m^-2), presumably because both the oceanic and continental crusts are comparatively old. However, in eastern Australia the heat flow is significantly higher (~ 70-100 mW m^-2). The new data reinforce this pattern with values from the Canning Basin and Pilbara Block falling in the range 40-50 mW m^-2, and those in Queensland and New South Wales in the range 70-100 mW m^-2. The data distribution is still not good enough to delineate accurately the boundaries of the high and low heat-flow regimes, and hence define the boundary of possible Precambrian craton(s) where no outcrop is present. There is a strong positive correlation between heat flow and P-wave travel-time residuals, and a negative correlation between heat flow and upper-mantle velocity. There is no obvious relationship between heat flow and crustal thickness.

Tags: AUS, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
South-west Corner Marine Park survey – bathymetry (GA-4858)

This resource includes bathymetry data for South-west Corner Marine Park collected by Geoscience Australia during the periods 9 – 12 March 2020 and 27 January – 16 February 2021 on the charter vessel Santosha. The survey was undertaken as a collaborative project with the University of Western Australia, the University of Tasmania and the Australian Centre for Field Robotics (University of Sydney), and funded through the National Environmental Science Program Marine Biodiversity Hub, with co-investment by all partners and the Director of National Parks. The purpose of the project was to build baseline information for benthic habitats on the continental shelf in the marine park that will support ongoing environmental monitoring within the South-West Marine Park Network as part of the 10-year management plan (2018-2028). Data acquisition for the project included multibeam bathymetry and backscatter for an area covering 330 km^2 (excluding transit) offshore from Cape Naturaliste to Cape Leeuwin coast, with underwater imagery of benthic communities and demersal fish collected by the University of Western Australia on separate field deployments. This bathymetry dataset contains a 5 m resolution 32-bit geotiff file of the survey area produced from the processed Kongsberg EM2040C multibeam sonar system using CARIS HIPS and SIPS software. For further information see: Giraldo-Ospina, A. et al., 2021. South-west Corner Marine Park Post Survey Report. Report to the National Environmental Science Program, Marine Biodiversity Hub.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, Bathymetric grids, Bathymetry, EARTH SCIENCES, HVC_144641, Marine, Multibeam, Published_Internal
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geoscience Australia's Southwest Margin Geophysical Surveys

The Australian Government's five year (2006-2011) Offshore Energy Security Program aims to encourage the discovery of new hydrocarbon resources in Australia's vast offshore frontier areas through the provision of pre-competitive data and information. One priority region, identified in consultation with the petroleum exploration industry and the respective State and Northern Territory geological surveys, is the southwestern continental margin of Australia. Geoscience Australia's Southwest Margin Project is investigating the petroleum potential of sedimentary basins located on the continental margin extending from Cape Range to Cape Leeuwin. Primary areas of interest include the Perth and Mentelle basins. Other areas of interest include the southern Exmouth Sub-basin (Northern Carnarvon Basin), the offshore Southern Carnarvon Basin and the Wallaby Plateau. The main aims of the Southwest Margin Project are to provide pre-competitive regional information to underpin opportunities for the discovery of a new hydrocarbon province, to support promotion of selected areas for petroleum exploration, to enhance our understanding of petroleum potential and aspects of exploration risk and to inform future marine planning.

<b>Citation:</b> Bowen, E., &amp; Bradshaw, B. (2009). Geoscience australia’s southwest margin geophysical surveys. ASEG Extended Abstracts, 2009(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1071/ASEG2009ab018

Tags: Conference Paper, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, petroleum prospectivity, potential fields, seismic reflection, southwest Australian margin
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Continental shelf drift deposit indicates non-steady state Antarctic bottom water production in the Holocene

A late Quaternay, current-lain sediment drift deposit over 30 metres in thickness has been discovered on the continental shelf of East Antarctica in an 850 metre deep glacial trough off George Vth Land. Radiocarbon dating indicates that a period of rapid deposition on the drift occurred in the mid-Holocene, between about 3 000 and 5 000 years before present.

Tags: AQ, Antarctic data, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
BMR journal of Australian geology and geophysics vol.9 no.2

Contents:
1.Strusz DL. Brachiopods from the Silurian of Fyshwick, Canberra, Australia. 
2.Young GC. Further petalichthyid remains (placoderm fishes, early Devonian) from the Taemas-Wee Jasper region, New South Wales. 
3.Nicoll RS. Multielement composition of the conodont species Polygnathus xylus xylus Stauffer, 1940 and Ozarkodina brevis (Bischoff and Ziegler, 1957) from the upper Devonian of the Canning Basin, Western Australia. 
4.Jones PJ. Treposellidae (Beyrichiacea: Ostracoda) from the latest Devonian (Strunian) of the Bonaparte Basin, Western Australia. 
5.Dickins JM. Late Palaeozoic glaciation. 
6.Shafik S. Calcareous nannofossils from the Toolebuc Formation, Eromanga Basin, Australia. 
7.Belford DJ. Late Albian planktonic foraminifera, Strickland River, Papua New Guinea. 
8.Smith MJ, Plane M. Pythonine snakes (Boidae) from the Miocene of Australia.
9.Casey JN, Romot N, Shergold JH. Armin Aleksander Opik (1898-1983). 
10.Laurie JR, Shergold JH. Phosphatic organisms and the correlation of early Cambrian carbonate formations in central Australia.
11.Shergold JH, Cooper RA. Late Cambrian trilobites from the Mariner Group, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, palaeontology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Ice shelf grounding zone features of western Prydz Bay, Antarctica sedimentary processes from seismic and sidescan images

Several grounding zone wedges were left on the floor and flanks of Prydz Channel in western Prydz Bay by the Lambert Glacier during the last glacial cycle. Seismic profiles indicate that vertical accretion at the glacier bed was the most important depositional process in forming the wedges, rather than progradation by sediment gravity flows. Sidescan sonographs reveal extensive development of flutes on the sea floor inshore from the wedges, indicating deformable bed conditions beneath the ice. The region inshore of the east Prydz Channel wedge features extensive dune fields formed by currents flowing towards the grounding zone. This orientation is consistent with models of circulation beneath ice shelves in which melting at the grounding line generates plumes of fresher water that rise along the base of the ice shelf, entraining sea water into a circulation cell. The Lambert Deep is surrounded by a large composite ridge of glacial sediments. Internal reflectors suggest formation mostly by subglacial accretion. The sea floor in the Lambert Deep lacks dune fields and shows evidence of interspersed subglacial cavities and grounded ice beneath the glacier. The absence of bedforms reflects sea floor topography that would have inhibited the formation of energetic melt water-driven circulation.

Tags: AQ, Antarctic data, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, marine, seabed
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Global sea-level change as a method of correlating the Late Permian coal measures in the Sydney, Gunnedah, and Bowen Basins, eastern Australia

Eustatic changes in sea level can be used to correlate sequences in widely separated areas.  Thick terrestrial sequences with marine intercalations are especially suitable, provided the marine beds are not the result of tectonic subsidence. The method has been used to correlate Late Permian coal measures in the Sydney, Gunnedah, and Bowen Basins.  The Dempsey Formation and its equivalents in the Sydney Basin, an unnamed correlative in the Gunnedah Basin, and the Black Alley Shale and MacMillan Formation in the Bowen Basin have been identified as being deposited during the same eustatic highstand, a result consistent with palynological conclusions. The Kulnura Marine Tongue (Sydney Basin) and the lower Burngrove Formation (Bowen Basin), on the other hand, owe their origin to tectonism. The correlations indicate that deposition of Late Permian coal measures began in the Bowen Basin later than in the Sydney and Gunnedah Basins, a conclusion that appears to be supported by marine macrofossil studies.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, NSW, Published_External, QLD
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Videos from CEAMARC AA032007 (Collaborative East Antarctic Marine Census)

The Collaborative East Antarctic Marine Census (CEAMARC) voyage was conducted on the Aurora Australis between December 2007 and January 2008. The voyage was operated as part of the Census of Antarctic Marine Life (CAML) program to document the benthic communities and their associated habitats across the George V Shelf in east Antarctica. Underwater video footage was collected from 22 sites across the shelf using Geoscience Australia's Deep Under Water Camera (DUCII). Transects were run for 15-40 minutes across depths ranging from 140 m to 1200 m. All video footage is stamped with the UTC time. Stations are named according to the CEAMARC station number followed by the instrument used (eg. CAM for camera) and then the deployment number. For example 09CAM05 was deployed at CEAMARC site 9 and was the 5th camera transect. The location and depth of each station is listed below. For further information on this survey please refer to the post-survey report (GA Record 2009/05 - Geocat #67381).
Station Depth   Longitude   Latitude
04CAM04 259.61  141.985220  -66.341583
07CAM07 197.57  142.626933  -66.551262
08CAM06 391.27  142.358735  -66.555997
09CAM05 357.07  142.010337  -66.550603
12CAM21 201.26  140.825277  -66.558158
26CAM22 219.99  140.030193  -66.526848
27CAM01 436.63  142.661085  -65.997597
30CAM02 432.03  143.649810  -65.998757
39CAM08 863.95  142.967960  -66.551365
41CAM09 579.30  142.629580  -66.735847
42CAM10 409.75  142.680007  -66.868050
43CAM11 177.00  143.289108  -66.758878
44CAM12 766.04  143.657790  -66.687152
47CAM13 184.31  144.662358  -67.035295
49CAM14 1175.27 145.209785  -67.031225
50CAM16 593.06  145.258282  -66.746837
51CAM15 537.11  145.490357  -66.750387
57CAM17 639.44  145.009407  -66.741943
58CAM18 844.64  144.655195  -66.748407
59CAM19 912.16  144.329455  -66.744992
61CAM03 657.39  142.983383  -66.322688
63CAM20 429.08  143.002492  -65.862048

Tags: Earth Sciences, HVC_144640, Multimedia, Published_External, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Marine Survey - Geomorphology MapServer

The Marine Survey Geomorphology Web Map Service contains the local scale (1:10 000) interpreted geomorphology maps available for download on Geoscience Australia's website. These interpreted geomorphology maps have been produced for numerous marine survey programs conducted in Australian mainland and Antarctic waters by both Geoscience Australia and our collaborators. Layers are grouped by survey or region and where available include both the Geoscience Australia and vessel survey identification numbers that contributed to each dataset.

Tags: Earth Sciences, MapServer, Published_External, environment, geomorphology, marine, multibeam, offshore, seabed, web service
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
National Gravity Compilation 2019 includes airborne DGIR grid

Gravity data measure small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 includes airborne DGIR grid is produced from the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids B series. These gravity data were acquired under the project No. 202008. The grid has a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). The data are given in units of um/s^2, also known as 'gravity units', or gu. The data are derived from ground observations stored in the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as at September 2019, supplemented by offshore data sourced from v28.1 of the Global Gravity grid developed using data from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego. Airborne gravity and gravity gradiometry data were also included to provide better resolution to areas where ground gravity data was not of a suitable quality. Out of the approximately 1.8 million gravity observations, nearly 1.4 million gravity stations in the ANGD together with Airborne Gravity surveys totaling 345,000 line km and 106,000 line km of Airborne Gravity Gradiometry were used to generate this grid. The ground and airborne gravity data used in this grid has been acquired by the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments, the mining and exploration industry, universities and research organisations from the 1940's to the present day. Station spacing for ground observations varies from approximately 11 km down to less than 1 km, with major parts of the continent having station spacing between 2.5 and 7 km. Airborne surveys have a line spacing ranging from 0.5 km to 2.5 km. The grid shows de-trended global isostatic residual anomalies over Australia and its continental margins. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 includes airborne DGIR grid (DGIR) was obtained by subtracting 3 quantities (i.e., the near-field isostatic correction, the far-field isostatic correction, and a first order trend correction) from Complete Bouguer Anomaly data (CBA) of the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids B series.

Tags: Australia, B series, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, airborne data, de-trended, geophysical survey, geophysics, grav, gravity, grid, ground digital data, isostatic, marine data gravity gradiometry, raster, residual, satellite data, survey 202008
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Origins of sulphide in sediments

Sulphide in sedimentary ore deposits may be derived directly from the mantle or by reduction of sulphate. Sulphide in modem hydrothermal deposits is thought to have formed abiologically by reactions between sulphate and ferrous iron or organic matter during deep circulation of sea water and meteoric waters through the crust at temperatures above about 200Â°C. Below about 70Â°C sulphate reduction is catalysed by bacteria. This process is widespread in anoxic basins and reducing sediments, and is dependent upon, and often controlled by, the supply of organic matter. The importance of sulphate reduction in carbon turnover has been demonstrated by comparisons of organic carbon production and sulphate reduction in marine sediments and by the discovery of several genera of sulphate-reducing bacteria capable of using a wide range of organic molecules. Recent kinetic studies of sulphate reduction in anoxic marine sediments have confirmed that sulphide accumulations equivalent to those in several major stratiform ores could be generated biologically. Fixed sulphide contents in normal unconsolidated reduced marine sediments, however, are generally an order of magnitude less than those of deposits such as at McArthur River and Mount Isa in the Northern Territory of Australia. The only modern examples of sediments with large fixed sulphide concentrations are those in which sulphide is of hydrothermal origin. One constraint on the concentration of fixed sulphides in sediments is the availability of reactable metals. It is possible that high concentrations of biogenic sulphides can be produced when metalliferous hydrothermal fluids are exhaled into biologically active anoxic basins or depressions.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geology and offshore petroleum prospects of the eastern New Ireland Basin, northeastern Papua New Guinea

The eastern part of the New Ireland Basin of Papua New Guinea is about 600 km long by 150 km wide and mostly offshore, northeast of New Hanover and New Ireland. Basin geology and petroleum prospects have been interpreted from onshore geology integrated with offshore seismic reflection data and limited geological sampling. Most of the basin is a structurally simple downwarp that formed as a fore-arc basin between an Eocene-early Miocene volcanic arc in the southwest and an outer-arc high in the northeast. The basin contains up to 5 km of strata interpreted as early Miocene and possibly Oligocene volcaniclastics, early- late Miocene shelf carbonates, late Miocene and Pliocene bathyal chalk s and volcaniclastics, and Pleistocene-Recent sediments ranging from terrestrial conglomerates to hemipelagic oozes. In the east, Plio-Pleistocene volcanism has formed islands and greatly disturbed the older strata. Petroleum prospects offshore appear to be moderate.  Early-late Miocene clastic and carbonate source rocks are thought to be present, and presumed reefal bodies may form traps within a thick and deeply buried early-late Miocene platform carbonate sequence, similar to the widespread Lelet Limestone exposed on New Ireland.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, PNG, Published_External, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Distribution, abundance and trail characteristics of acorn worms at Australian continental margins

Acorn worms (Enteropneusta), which were previously thought to be a missing link in understanding the evolution of chordates, are an unusual and potentially important component of many deep-sea benthic environments, particularly for nutrient cycling. However very little is known about their distribution, abundance, or behaviour in deep-sea environments around the world, and almost nothing is known about their distribution within Australian waters.  In this study, we take advantage of two large-scale deep-sea mapping surveys along the eastern and western continental margins of Australia to quantify the distribution, abundance and trail-forming behaviour of this highly unusual taxon.  This is the first study to quantify the abundance and trail behaviour of acorn worms within Australian waters and provides the first evidence of strong depth-related distributions.

Tags: AU, Abstract, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, environmental, geochemistry, marine, marine biodiversity
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Marine Geomorphology Mapping Workshop: Promotional Postcard

High resolution bathymetric grids are becoming more accessible across the Australian marine estate. By better informing our understanding of seafloor geomorphology these datasets can be used to support marine management, including assessments of seabed resources, geohazards and habitats. This postcard is being distributed at the AMSA conference to invite interested individuals to join a working group on marine geomorphology, scheduled to first meet in October 2018.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data