AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Source Rock Distributions and Petroleum Fluid Bulk Compositional Predictions on the Vulcan Sub-basin, Offshore Western Australia

Several scenarios of an original 3D model based on the petroleum systems model of Fuji et al. (APPEA 2004) were simulated using the PetroMod 3D V.10 modeling software.
In general the results of the modelling study presented here confirms the modelling results of Fuji et al. (2004) with respect to the timing of generation in the different sub-basins as well as present day maturity. The main differences between the work of Fuji et al. (2004) and the work presented here are based on the use of PhaseKinetic models for the individual source rock formations and the ensuing compositional predictions of the fluids in different fields.
Source rock transformation ratios as well as the bulk generation rates indicate that the source rocks are presently still generating. The Central Swan Graben area is presently more mature than the other kitchen area of the Vulcan Sub-basin, the Cartier Trough.
The locations of predicted accumulations coincide with the locations of most of the proven fields. In many cases accumulation sizes and predicted column heights are large, mainly due to the fact that the resolution of the numerical model is low which leaves rather large volumes of the cells to be filled.
Modelling results predict a series of accumulations at locations which have, as yet, not been tested. However, most of them depend on fault closure, thus increasing exploration risk.
The main risks as observed from this modelling exercise are:
1)  source rock presence and definition,
2)  definition of the traps,
3)  resolution of the input model, 
4)  cap rock properties, which are still largely unconstrained.
The different scenarios modelled show distinct variations with respect to predicted petroleum distribution as well as the physical properties of the accumulated fluids.

Tags: 3D model, AU-WA, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Report, geochemical modelling, hydrocarbons, marine, petroleum geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Procedures for Describing Maritime Boundaries

The purpose of this document, Procedures for Describing Maritime Boundaries, is to provide unambiguous descriptions which give a consistent framework for government departments and agencies involved in the marine area.
They provide:
- policy makers and negotiators with a broad understanding of the geospatial issues which need to be considered when defining maritime boundaries
- geospatial professionals with technical advice on how to describe and map maritime boundaries unambiguously
- all stakeholders with legally defensible boundaries that improve administration over Australia's offshore jurisdiction and minimise the potential for litigation.

The document does not replace the need to seek appropriate legal and geospatial advice when determining and describing maritime boundaries.

Legal advice can be obtained from:
Office of International Law
Attorney-General's Department
3-5 National Circuit
Barton ACT 2600
Phone: +61 2 6141 6666

Technical information and assistance relating to maritime boundaries can be obtained from: 

Law of the Sea and Maritime Boundaries Advice 
Geoscience Australia 
GPO Box 378 
Canberra ACT 2601 
email: maritime@ga.gov.au 
ph: +61 2 6249 9111

Tags: Earth Sciences, Procedure, Published_External, boundaries, marine, marine jurisdiction
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Deep Structure of the Browse Basin Region, North West Shelf Australia: Cruise Proposal

The Browse Basin underlies the outer shelf and upper slope of the central part of Australia'sNorth West Shelf, in water depths of 100-1000 m. Although the North West Shelf is generallyconsidered to be one of Australia's most heavily explored offshore regions, there aresignificant portions of it, such as the offshore Canning and Browse Basins, that remain under-explored. Relatively little is known of the primary structural architecture of the basin systemsof the North West Shelf, and the influence of that architecture on the occurrence ofhydrocarbons. The Browse Basin study (AGSO Project 121.28 - Basin development andhydrocarbon potential of the Browse Basin and adjacent margin) is part of a major AGSOregional research program over the north western Australian margin, and has the following main objectives:
1) Determine the regional structural framework of the Browse Basin and its relationship toadjacent features such as the Vulcan Sub-basin, Rowley Sub-basin, Scott Plateau andKimberley Block;
2) Define the broad deep-crustal structure of the region and develop a model explaining the
tectonic, subsidence and thermal history of the basin in relation to the development of thecontinental margin and adjacent ocean basin (the Argo Abyssal Plain);
3) Assess the effects of deep structure and reactivation on the development of knownpetroleum accumulations.

To address these objectives it is proposed that RV Rig Seismic be used to acquire about 3200km (up to a maximum of 3600 km depending on contingencies) of deep seismic and othergeophysical data along 11 lines tying 18 exploration wells in the Browse Basin/Scott Plateauregion. The survey will also tie into the 1990 Vulcan Sub-basin survey (98) to the northeast,and the forthcoming survey over the offshore Canning Basin to the southwest.

In line with the Marine Geoscience and Petroleum Geology Program's (MGPGP's) most recentdeep seismic surveys over the North West Shelf, the Browse Basin survey will use a 4800 mstreamer, configured with 192 x 25 m active groups; data will be recorded with a 16 secondrecord length, and a 2 millisecond sample interval; the seismic source will be dual airgunarrays with a total capacity of 49 litres, and will be fired every 50 metres to give 48-fold CDPcoverage; and navigation will be by differential GPS. These parameters are the same as usedon two surveys over the northern Carnarvon Basin (SNOWS-1 and SNOWS-2) and threesurveys over the Bonaparte Basin - Timor Sea, and will also be used on the SNOWS-3 surveyover the offshore Canning Basin, following the Browse survey. Using these parametersAGSO has consistently recorded reflections down to 8-12 seconds two-way time (12-20 kmdepth), as well as obtaining good resolution in the upper 6 seconds of data, which is normallythe limit recorded by industry.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, marine, structural geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The geology of the Birdsville 4-mile sheet area, Queensland

The mapping of the Birdsville 4-mile Sheet area and examination of water bore logs established a sequence of at least 3,000 feet of Mesozoic sediments, unconformably overlain by Tertiary rocks which have a maximum thickness of 100 feet. The Mesozoic rocks form the main aquifer and the impermeable cap in the western portion of the Great Artesian Basin. The marine shales of the Wilgunya Formation are possible source rocks for petroleum. Source rocks occur in the Lower Palaeozoic sequence to the north, in the Boulia 4-mile area. The only known reservoir rocks are the sandstones of the Lower Cretaceous Longsight Sandstone. Neither oil nor gas has been reported from any of the water bores in the area. Showings were encountered in the Bedourie Bore, 120 miles north of Birdsville, and in the Delhi Frome Santos Betoota No. 1 Well, 100 miles east of Birdsville. No important structures or economic mineral deposits are present in the area.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction around Heard Island and McDonald Islands - Mercator projection

Map showing Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction around Heard Island and McDonald Islands, including a portion of the AAT.
Mercator Projection, WGS84 Datum, Central Meridian 76Â°E, True Scale at 58Â°S.
One of the 27 constituent maps of the "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction Map Series" (GeoCat 71789).
Depicting Australia's extended continental shelf approved by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in April 2008, treaties and various maritime zones.  Background bathymetric image is derived from a grid by Smith and Sandwell, 1997. Background land imagery derived from Blue Marble, NASA's Earth Observatory.
A0 sized .pdf downloadable from the web.

Tags: Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Thematic Map, administrative boundaries, bathymetry, continental shelf, marine, marine jurisdiction
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Wiso Basin hydrogeological inventory

This Wiso Basin dataset contains descriptive attribute information for the areas bounded by the relevant spatial groundwater feature in the associated Hydrogeology Index map. Descriptive topics are grouped into the following themes: Location and administration; Demographics; Physical geography; Surface water; Geology; Hydrogeology; Groundwater; Groundwater management and use; Environment; Land use and industry types; and Scientific stimulus.

The Wiso Basin, a large intra-cratonic basin in the central Northern Territory, covers about 140,000 square kilometres and is part of the Centralian Superbasin. It is bounded by the Tennant and Tanami regions to the east and west, while a thrust fault separates it from the Arunta Region to the south. The basin adjoins the Georgina Basin in the southeast and joins the Daly and Georgina basins beneath the Cretaceous strata of the Carpentaria Basin in the north.

The basin contains a relatively flat, undeformed succession of strata that gently dip towards the main depo-centre, the Lander Trough. About 80% of the basin consists of shallow middle Cambrian strata, while the remaining portion is within the Lander Trough, containing a diverse succession of Cambrian, Ordovician, and Devonian units.

The depositional history and stratigraphy reveal that early Cambrian saw widespread basaltic volcanism, with the Antrim Plateau Volcanics forming the base layer and aquitard of the Wiso Basin. The middle Cambrian deposits include the Montejinni Limestone, the oldest sedimentary unit, followed by the Hooker Creek Formation and the Lothari Hills Sandstone. The uppermost Cambrian unit is the Point Wakefield beds.

The Ordovician deposits consist of the Hansen River beds, primarily composed of fossiliferous sandstone and siltstone deposited in shallow marine environments. The Devonian unit capping the basin is the Lake Surprise Sandstone, found in the Lander Trough area, formed in shallow marine, shoreline, and fluvial environments during the Alice Springs Orogeny.

Three main hypotheses have been proposed for the formation of the Lander Trough: a large crustal downwarp before thrusting of Paleoproterozoic rocks, the formation of a half-graben by faulting along the southern boundary, or the formation of two en-echelon synclines by vertical block movement.

While the majority of the Wiso Basin consists of shallow middle Cambrian rocks, the Lander Trough presents a more varied stratigraphic sequence, holding potential for Neoproterozoic and early Cambrian rocks. However, further drilling is needed to verify this. The presence of similar units in neighbouring basins provides valuable insight into the basin's geological history and development.

Tags: Basin Analysis, EARTH SCIENCES, ECOLOGY, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, Environmental Management, Exploring for the Future, GEOLOGY, Groundwater, Hydrogeology, Land Use and Environmental Planning, National Groundwater Sytems, National Hydrogeological Inventory, PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOSCIENCE, Published_External, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy (incl. Biostratigraphy and Sequence Stratigraphy)
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Report on 1960 plant fossil collections from the Bowen Basin Queensland

Large numbers of plant fossil specimens were collected in the Bowen Basin in 1960 by field parties in the Mt Coolon and Clermont areas. The collections are described and representative specimens are illustrated. Age determinations of fossil horizons are made wherever the plant fossils are diagnostic.A Devonian Protolepidodendron and Psilophytites flora occurs in the Bulgonunna Volcanic Series and a Devonian to Lower Carboniferous Lepidodendroid flora in the Drummond Group. Lower Bowen sediments are poorly represented. Very large collections of Upper Bowen specimens yielded fertile material of Glosopteris angustifolia Bgt, of exceptional evolutionary interest, and excellently preserved material of Phyllotheca australis Bgt. and P. robusta Fm.Triassicplants are identified in the Teviot Formation and a Dico-tyledonous leaf of probably Tertiary age was collected at locality MC 222F on the Newlands 1-mile

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AHO Reference Surfaces Adelaide 1m 2023 (20230008R)

The Adelaide Reference Surfaces bathymetry survey was acquired for the Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO) during the period 4 Sep 2020 – 16 Sep 2020. This surface was created from a contracted national reference survey in Gulf St Vincent SA, collected for the purpose of calibrating multibeam echosounders.&nbsp;It was conducted for the Australian Hydrographic Office as part of the Hydroscheme Industry Partnership Program, acquired using Kongsberg EM 2040 multibeam echosounder and Kongsberg EA440 singlebeam echosounder, and processed using Caris HIPS &amp; SIPS. Separate grids in 1m resolution are provided for the 2 surveyed sites within this survey area in MSL, LAT and Ellipsoid vertical datum. The dataset was then exported as a 1m resolution, 32 bit floating point GeoTIFF grid of the survey area.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth Science | Oceans | Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography | Bathymetry, HVC_144641, Multibeam, Oceans, Published_External, Singlebeam, bathymetric grids, bathymetry, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Interactions between saline redbed groundwaters and peritidal carbonates, Spencer Gulf, South Australia: significance for models of stratiform copper ore genesis

A commonly cited model for the genesis of stratiform Cu deposits that lack either igneous or hydrothermal associations has been tested in modern environments, on the northeastern shore of Spencer Gulf, South Australia. In this area, saline continental redbed groundwaters mobilise Fe and Mn from the aquifer sediments and transport these metals to coastal Holocene carbonate complexes. There they may precipitate in sediments in ephemeral lakes or around springs formed by the emerging ground waters. The continental groundwaters are generally acidic and oxidising, and they discharge mainly in the supratidal zone, remote from the major areas of bacterial sulphate reduction in the intertidal zones of the sedimentary complexes. Conversion of Fe in the groundwaters to sulphides is not widespread, but occurs if the influence of the ground waters is attenuated by seasonal decrease in flow rate or by interaction with the alkaline, reducing marine carbonate environment of the peritidal zones. The Spencer Gulf investigations strongly support the contention that terrestrial groundwaters of suitable pH, Eh, and salinity for the transport of high concentrations of Cu, Pb, and Zn may be generated in semi-arid climates, and that these groundwaters are capable of mobilising large quantities of metals held in Fe-oxide grain coatings. The formation of a stratiform metal deposit zoned in accordance with metal sulphide solubilities is more difficult to envisage. The absence from the supratidal sequence of a thick deposit of organic matter capable of sustaining bacterial sulphate reduction means that the metals are more likely to be removed from solution by adsorption onto the marine carbonates, or by oxidation and precipitation as oxides or hydroxides.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, SA, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Composition and Distribution of Seabed and Suspended Sediments in North and Central Torres Strait, Australia

Widespread seagrass dieback in central Torres Strait, Australia has been anecdotally linked to the delivery of vast quantities of terrigenous sediments from New Guinea. The composition and distribution, and sedimentological and geochemical properties, of seabed and suspended sediments in north and central Torres Strait have been determined to investigate this issue. In northern Torres Strait, next to Saibai Island, seabed sediments comprise poorly sorted, muddy, mixed calcareous-siliciclastic sand. Seabed sediments in this region are dominated by aluminosilicate (terrigenous) phases. In central Torres Strait, next to Turnagain Island, seabed and suspended sediments comprise moderately sorted coarse to medium carbonate sand. Seabed sediments in this region are dominated by carbonate and magnesium (marine) phases. Mean Cu/Al ratios for seabed sediments next to Saibai Island are 0.01, and are similar to those found in New Guinea south coastal sediments by previous workers. Mean Cu/Al ratios for seabed sediments next to Turnagain Island are 0.02, indicating an enrichment of Cu in central Torres Strait. This enrichment comes from an exogenous biogenic source, principally from foraminifers and molluscs. We could not uniquely trace terrigenous sediments from New Guinea to Turnagain Island in central Torres Strait. If sediments are a factor in the widespread seagrass dieback in central Torres Strait, then our data suggest these are marine-derived sediments sourced from resuspension and advection from the immediate shelf areas and not terrigenous sediments dispersed from New Guinea rivers. This finding is consistent with outputs from recently developed regional hydrodynamic and sediment transport models.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, geochemistry, marine, sedimentology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Broome seismic reflection survey, Western Australia 1954-55

The Bureau of Mineral Resources conducted a seismic reflection survey of a small area near Broome, W.A., during 1954 and1955. It was part of a general investigation of the Canning Basin and was aimed at determining the distribution of sediments south of the Fenton Fault. The seismic work indicated a sedimentary thickness of at least 6000 feet, and probably as much as 10,000 feet could be expected. It also showed that the subsurface formations are probably folded and faulted

Tags: AU-WA, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, seismics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Upper Pieman hydro-electric scheme geophysical survey, Tasmania 1960

This report describes seismic refraction, magnetic, and resistivity surveys on the Upper Pieman Power development scheme of the Hydro-Electric Commission of Tasmania. The purpose of the surveys was to determine the depth to the bedrock, and the nature of the bedrock and overburden at five localities, viz: Spillway of the Hanging Rock dam site, Buttress Hill dam site, Tullibardine Saddle dam site ) Murchison No. 4 dam site, and Boco Saddle dam site

Tags: AU-TAS, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geophysics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Origin of Gilmore gas and oil, Adavale Basin, central Queensland

Dry gas in the Gilmore Field of the Adavale Basin has been sourced from both wet gas associated with oil generation, together with methane from a deep, overmature source. The latter gas input is further characterised by a high nitrogen content co-generated with isotopically heavy methane and carbon dioxide. The eastern margin of the Lissoy Sandstone principal reservoir unit contains the higher content of overmature dry gas supporting reservoir compartmentalisation and a more favourable migration pathway to this region. The combination of a molecular and multi-element isotopic approach is an effective tool for the recognition of an overmature, dry gas source. This deep source represents a play concept that previously has been undervalued and may be more widespread within Australian sedimentary basins.

The maturity level of the wet gas and associated oil are identical, having reached an equivalent vitrinite reflectance of 1.4-1.6 per cent. Modelling studies support the concept of local Devonian source rocks for the wet gas and oil. Reservoir filling from late stage, high maturity oil and gas generation and expulsion, was a result of reactivation of petroleum generation from Devonian source rocks during the Early Cretaceous. The large input of dry gas from a deeper and highly overmature source is a more recent event. This gas can fractionally displace condensable C2+ liquids already in the reservoir possibly allowing tertiary migration into younger reservoirs, or adjacent structures.

Oil recovered from Gilmore-2 has been sourced from Devonian marine organic matter, deposited under mildly evaporitic, restricted marine conditions. The most likely source rocks in the Adavale Basin are the basal marine shale of the Log Creek Formation, algal shales at the top of the Lissoy Sandstone, and the Cooladdi Dolomite. Source -sensitive biomarkers and carbon isotope composition of the Gilmore-2 oil have much in common with other Devonian-sourced oils from the Bonaparte and Canning basins. The chemical link between western and eastern Australian Devonian oils may suggest diachronous development of source rocks over a wide extent. This implies that the source element of the Devonian Petroleum Supersystem may be present in other sedimentary basins.



<b>Citation:</b> Boreham C.J., &amp; de Boer R.A.. 1998. Origin of Gilmore gas and oil, Adavale Basin, central Queensland. <i>The APPEA Journal</i> 38 (1), 399–420. https://doi.org/10.1071/AJ97019

Tags: Adavale Basin, EARTH SCIENCES, Gilmore gas field, Hydrogen Assessments, Published_External, australian oil composition, crude oil, isotopic composition, molecular compostion, natural gases
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Survey 97 : Operations Report for the Joint BMR/Woodside Petroleum High Resolution Seismic Program in the Dampier Sub-Basin, October 1990

Seismic acquisition for the joint BMR-Woodside Petroleum program in the Dampier Sub-basin started at 0800 am on October 24, 1990 and was completed at 1150 am on Sunday October 28, 1990. A total of 352 km of high resolution seismic data was collected along the 17 agreed survey lines, of which 336 km were full stack data with a total 390 magnetic tapes being used. Data quality appears to be good. In addition to the seismic, a total of 530.6 km of water column geochemical data were also collected.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, hydrocarbons, marine, marine survey, seismics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geomorphology and Sedimentology of the Northern Marine Planning Area of Australia: Review and Synthesis of Relevant Literature in support of Regional Marine Planning

This record is a review and synthesis of geological research undertaken along the northern margin of Australia. The record has been written in support of regional marine planning and provides fundamental baseline scientific information for the Northern Planning Area.

Tags: AU-NT, AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, environmental, geology, geomorphology, marine, resource management
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Surface Hydrology Polygons (National)

The Surface Hydrology Polygons (National) dataset presents the spatial locations of surface hydrology polygon features and its attributes.
The dataset represents the Australia's surface hydrology at a national scale.  It includes natural and man-made geographic features such as: watercourse areas, swamps, reservoirs, canals, etc.  This product presents hydrology polygon features which will topological connect with the hydrology line features and forms a complete flow path network for the entire continental of Australia.

Tags: AU, GIS Dataset, Hydrogeology, National, Published_External, hydrology, lakes, neii.gov.au, surfacewater hydrology, water resources
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data