AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
IMOS - ANMN Passive Acoustic Observatory at Portland, VIC (PAPOR)

The Portland Passive Acoustic Observatory consists of two to four moorings fitted with hydrophones set on the seabed at ~170 m depth that record noise in the ocean. This system can be used to monitor whale and fish migrations, seismic activity and other natural and man-made noise sources. If four moorings are set they are configured with a mooring at each apex of an approximate equilateral triangle of 5 km side with the fourth mooring in the triangle centre. Temperature loggers are set on each mooring at the seabed.

Each logger records at a sampling rate of 6 kHz for between 3-8 min of every 15 min. If four loggers are set a 22 kHz recording is also made once a day to allow accurate synchronisation of the instrument clocks. This is required for locating the source of a sound based on its time of arrival at each hydrophone in the array. A 7 kHz pinger set on the central mooring pings for 35 minutes at a 20 s interval once per day to overlap the 22 kHz sample.

Raw data from each logger is in the form of mixed binary/text files comprised of:
1) text header and footer containing recording start and end date/time, quality control and sampling configuration; and
2) sea noise data of 16 bit unsigned integer, binary values (IEEE, little endian).

Instruments are calibrated for system gain with white noise of known level input with the hydrophone in series, before and after deployments. System calibrations are made over 2 Hz to the Nyquist frequency. The instrument clock drift is checked against GPS transmitted UTC time before and after deployment.

The raw data can be obtained on portable disk from IMOS eMarine Information Infrastructure (eMII).

The Centre for Marine Science and Technology (CMST) at Curtin University has developed Matlab software to process and analyse these data.

Tags: IMOS Site, PAPOR, Passive Acoustic Listening Stations, Passive Acoustic Observing System
Organization: Centre for Marine Science and Technology (CMST), Curtin University
IMOS - ANMN Passive Acoustic Observatory at Perth Canyon, WA (PAPCA)

The Perth Canyon Passive Acoustic Observatory consists of two to four moorings fitted with hydrophones set on the seabed at 400-490 m depth that record noise in the ocean. This system can be used to monitor whale and fish migrations, seismic activity and other natural and man-made noise sources. If four moorings are set they are configured with a mooring at each apex of an approximate equilateral triangle of 5 km side with the fourth mooring in the triangle centre. Temperature loggers are set on each mooring at the seabed.

Each logger records at a sampling rate of 6 kHz for between 3-8 min of every 15 min. If four loggers are set a 22 kHz recording is also made once a day to allow accurate synchronisation of the instrument clocks. This is required for locating the source of a sound based on its time of arrival at each hydrophone in the array. A 7 kHz pinger set on the central mooring pings for 35 minutes at a 20 s interval once per day to overlap the 22 kHz sample.

Raw data from each logger is in the form of mixed binary/text files comprised of: 
1) text header and footer containing recording start and end date/time, quality control and sampling configuration; and 
2) sea noise data of 16 bit unsigned integer, binary values (IEEE, little endian). 

Instruments are calibrated for system gain with white noise of known level input with the hydrophone in series, before and after deployments. System calibrations are made over 2 Hz to the Nyquist frequency. The instrument clock drift is checked against GPS transmitted UTC time before and after deployment.

The raw data can be obtained on portable disk from IMOS eMarine Information Infrastructure (eMII).

The Centre for Marine Science and Technology (CMST) at Curtin University has developed Matlab software to process and analyse these data.

Tags: IMOS Site, PAPCA, Passive Acoustic Listening Stations, Passive Acoustic Observing System
Organization: Centre for Marine Science and Technology (CMST), Curtin University
IMOS - ANMN New South Wales (NSW) Sydney 140m Mooring

The NSW Sydney 140m Mooring (IMOS platform code: SYD140) is one of seven regional moorings in New South Wales. 

Instruments on the mooring collect temperature and pressure data (Aqualogger 520PT) and temperature data (Aqualogger 520T). In addition, water velocity/current data is collected by a Workhorse Sentinel 300hz ADCP.

The mooring is deployed in a cable exclusion zone to avoid trawling activity at Latitude:-33.994, Longitude:151.459.

Tags: ANMN, Australian National Mooring Network, Bathymetry, Buoys, Conductivity, Fluorescence, Fluorometers, IMOS Facility, IMOS Platform, Moored Buoys, Ocean Chemistry, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Optics, Ocean Temperature, Oceans, Oxygen, SYD140, Sydney 140m Mooring, Turbidity, Water Depth, Water Temperature
Organization: Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS)
IMOS - ANMN New South Wales (NSW) Sydney 100m Mooring

The NSW Sydney 100m Mooring (IMOS platform code: SYD100) is one of seven regional moorings in New South Wales. 

Instruments on the mooring collect temperature and pressure data (Aqualogger 520T and 520PT), salinity and biogeochemical parameters (Wetlabs WQM), and water velocity/current data (Workhorse Sentinel 300hz ADCP).

The mooring is deployed in a cable exclusion zone to avoid trawling activity at Latitude:-33.943, Longitude:151.382.

Tags: ANMN, Australian National Mooring Network, Bathymetry, Buoys, Conductivity, Fluorescence, Fluorometers, IMOS Facility, IMOS Platform, Moored Buoys, Ocean Chemistry, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Optics, Ocean Temperature, Oceans, Oxygen, SYD100, Sydney 100m Mooring, Turbidity, Water Depth, Water Temperature
Organization: Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS)
IMOS - ANMN New South Wales (NSW) Mooring Sub-Facility

The New South Wales Mooring Sub-Facility is part of the Australian National Mooring Network. 

This sub-facility is establishing a transect of moorings and measurements off Sydney, which includes the Port Hacking (Sydney) National Reference Station (NRS). Like the NRS sites at Maria and Rottnest Islands, data has been collected for over 70 years at Port Hacking. The transect consists of three moorings in 65, 100 and 140m of water off Bondi and a mooring in 100m at the Port Hacking NRS, where monthly biogeochemical water sampling is conducted. This region is typically downstream of where the East Australian Current (EAC) separates from the coast, and is often influenced by EAC eddies. Data collection supports research on the marine ecosystems associated with these eddies and, as the sub-facility is located in the most densely populated area of Australia, issues such as water quality, waste disposal, shipping hazards, harmful algal blooms and recreation are also of particular research interest.

The sub-facility has also deployed two moorings across the shelf at Coffs Harbour in the north of NSW, and a pair of moorings at the Bateman's Marine Park, off Narooma in the south. These moorings will enhance the ANMN coverage along the coast of south-eastern Australia and also provide long term monitoring of the continental shelf region both upstream and downstream of the EAC separation point.

Tags: ANMN-NSW, Acoustic Observing Station, Alkalinity, Australia, Bathymetry, Biosphere, Buoys, Carbon Dioxide, Conductivity, Countries, Fluorescence, Fluorometers, IMOS Sub-Facility, Inorganic Carbon, Microbiota, Moored Buoys, New South Wales, Nutrients, Ocean Chemistry, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Optics, Ocean Temperature, Oceans, Oxygen, Pacific Ocean, Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Plankton, Shelf Mooring, Slope Mooring, Turbidity, Water Depth, Water Temperature
Organization: Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS)
IMOS - ANMN National Reference Station (NRS) Esperance Mooring

The NRS Esperance Mooring (IMOS platform code: NRSESP) is one of a series of national reference stations designed to monitor particular oceanographic phenomena in Australian coastal ocean waters. The mooring is located at Latitude:-33.9, Longitude:121.8. The mooring was retrieved in December 2013, and not redeployed. 

Physical sampling will be undertaken at each of the reference stations on a monthly basis (The last sample at this site was collected in July 2013). The physical samples will be analysed for nutrients, plankton species, both visibly and genetically, and pCO2. Biological sampling will greatly improve Australia's capability to meet its obligations for ecosystem based management and allow many researchers the opportunity to investigate possible long term changes in ecology that are likely to be linked to climate variability and wide scale validation of remotely sensed (satellite) observations of plant biomass.

Tags: Alkalinity, Bathymetry, Biosphere, Buoys, Carbon Dioxide, Conductivity, Esperance National Reference Station Mooring, Fluorescence, Fluorometers, IMOS Platform, Inorganic Carbon, Microbiota, Moored Buoys, NRSESP, Nutrients, Ocean Chemistry, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Optics, Ocean Temperature, Oceans, Oxygen, Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Plankton, Turbidity, Water Depth, Water Temperature
Organization: CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere - Hobart
IMOS - ACORN - Radials (QC)

Radial data files contain radial components of sea surface parameters measured by HF ocean radars operated by Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network (ACORN), a facility of Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS).

Regardless of the radar system (WERA or SeaSonde), the primary product is the radial component of the sea surface current along a line between the radar station and a point on the sea surface.  By combining radials measured at two stations surface current vectors can be constructed.  These surface current vectors can then be used to study tides, wind-driven currents and perform lagrangian particle tracking.

Raw data collected at each radar site are re-processed by ACORN in order to assign quality control flags to data points.  This is not possible in real-time because real-time data are produced by proprietary manufacturer software without quality control flags and it is not feasible to transfer the raw data to ACORN in real-time.

Each radial file contains a set of standard metadata fields, such as radar system type, operating frequency and bandwidth.  Other metadata fields describe radar system type-specific parameters.  Radial file metadata fields are described in a separate ACORN data document.

In addition, for WERA radar systems, ACORN provides quality controlled heights of left and right bragg peaks, from which the wind direction can be inferred.

Tags: Amplitude Direction Finding, Coastal Processes, Coral Reefs, Doppler Frequency, Eddies, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Waves, Ocean Winds, Oceans, Phased Array, Physical Oceanography, Radial Surface Current, Significant Wave Height, Surface Winds, Upwelling, WERA HF Radar, Wave Frequency, Wave Length, Wave Period, Wave Spectra, Wind-driven Circulation
Organization: Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS)
IMOS - ACORN - Radials (non-QC)

Radial data files contain radial components of sea surface parameters measured by HF ocean radars operated by Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network (ACORN), a facility of Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS).

Regardless of the radar system (WERA or SeaSonde), the primary product is the radial component of the sea surface current along a line between the radar station and a point on the sea surface.  By combining radials measured at two stations surface current vectors can be constructed.  These surface current vectors can then be used to study tides, wind-driven currents and perform lagrangian particle tracking.

A snap-shot of the radial surface current map is produced by a radar station every 10 min (WERA) or 1 h (SeaSonde).  These data are uploaded to the IMOS archive in real-time.  Real-time data are produced by the manufacturer of the radar station and no quality control flags are assigned by either the manufacturer or ACORN at this stage.

Each real-time radial file contains a set of standard metadata fields, such as radar system type, operating frequency and bandwidth.  Other metadata fields describe radar system type-specific parameters.  Radial file metadata fields are described in a separate ACORN data document.

In addition, WERA radar systems provide the real-time heights of left and right bragg peaks, from which the wind direction can be inferred, and an estimate of the significant wave height.  These quantities are not quality controlled because they are output from the manufacturer's software without the detail necessary for ACORN to assign a quality control label.

Tags: Amplitude Direction Finding, Coastal Processes, Coral Reefs, Doppler Frequency, Eddies, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Waves, Ocean Winds, Oceans, Phased Array, Physical Oceanography, Radial Surface Current, Significant Wave Height, Surface Winds, Upwelling, WERA HF Radar, Wave Frequency, Wave Length, Wave Period, Wave Spectra, Wind-driven Circulation
Organization: Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS)
IMOS - ABOS Southern Ocean Time Series (SOTS) Sub-Facility, Pulse 7 Mooring (Sept 2010 - Apr 2011)

The Pulse 7 mooring was deployed from 9 September 2010 to 29 April 2011 at Lat -46.93, Lon 142.26. Data are now available in netCDF format.

Moored instruments are deployed by the IMOS Australian Bluewater Observing System (ABOS) Southern Ocean Time Series sub-facility for time-series observations of physical, biological, and chemical properties, in the Sub-Antarctic Zone southwest of Tasmania, with twice-yearly servicing. 

These time-series observations are crucial to resolving ecosystem processes that affect carbon cycling, ocean productivity and marine responses to climate variability and change, ocean acidification and other stresses.

Tags: ABOS, Australian Bluewater Observing System, Biogeochemistry, Geochemistry, IMOS Facility, IMOS Platform, Marine Biology, Ocean Chemistry, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Heat Budget, Ocean Temperature, Ocean Waves, Ocean Winds, Oceans, PULSE7, Pulse 7 Mooring, Solid Earth, Southern Ocean
Organization: CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere - Hobart
IMOS - ABOS Southern Ocean Time Series (SOTS) Sub-Facility

The Southern Ocean Time Series (SOTS) sub-facility provides high temporal resolution observations in sub-Antarctic waters.  Observations are broad and include measurements of physical, chemical and biogeochemical parameters from multiple deep-water moorings.  The emphasis is on inter-annual variations of upper ocean properties and their influence on exchange with the deep ocean.  The time-series provided permit investigation into issues of ocean physics and chemistry, climate change, carbon cycling and biogeochemical controls on marine productivity.  These moorings provide cost-effective observations and overcome the infrequent availability of ships in the region.  

The SOTS site is located in the sub-Antarctic Zone (SAZ), southwest of Tasmania, near 47S, 142E. SOTS observations are made from
1) a deep ocean sediment trap mooring, used to collect sinking particles to quantify carbon transports.  This mooring also provides current meter measurements and a deep ocean CTD to measure heat contents below the depth of ARGO profiling float measurements.
2) the Pulse biogeochemistry mooring, used to measure upper ocean carbon cycle and phytoplankton productivity processes included sensor measurements of dissolved gases (O2, N2) and bio-optical properties.  This mooring also collects water samples for measures of dissolved carbon and nutrients, and phytoplankton microscopic identification.
3) additional biogeochemical sensors (CO2, O2, bio-optical, and bio-acoustic devices) mounted on the nearby Southern Ocean Flux Station air-sea flux mooring (and managed by the Air-Sea Flux Stations sub-facility).

Tags: ABOS, ABOS-SOTS, Australian Bluewater Observing System, Biogeochemistry, Biosphere, Fish, Geochemistry, IMOS Facility, IMOS Sub-Facility, Marine Biology, Microbiota, Ocean Chemistry, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Heat Budget, Ocean Temperature, Ocean Waves, Ocean Winds, Oceans, Solid Earth, Southern Ocean, Southern Ocean Time Series, Zooplankton
Organization: Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), University of Tasmania (UTAS)
IMOS - ABOS Deepwater Arrays (DA) Sub-facility, Indonesian Throughflow array, Timor Sill (ITFTSL) Mooring Platform

The Timor Sill deepwater mooring was first deployed on 2011-06-13 at (9.28 S, 127.36 E) in the Indonesian Throughflow.

Instrumentation includes 150 kHz and 75kHz ADCPs, Seabird SBE39s, discrete current meters and Pressure Inverted Echo Sounders (PIES).

The mooring provides profile velocity data above 500m and point source velocity between 500m and 1200m (depth of controlling sill). Temperature and salinity data are collected for the entire water column.

The aim of IMOS Indonsian Throughflow moorings (Indoflow) is to sustainably and directly measure the leakage of Pacific thermocline and intermediate waters from the western equatorial Pacific into the South Indian Ocean. The Indonesian Passages represent an important 'choke point' of the global ocean overturning circulation and the climate system. The interannual to decadal variability of the size and depth distribution of the flow through this choke point remains a troublesome unknown. In particular, changes in this flow will reflect long term changes in the Pacific and Indian Ocean wind fields, particularly any change in the Walker Circulation, as predicted by coupled climate models forced by increasing Greenhouse Gas scenarios. Changes in the associated heat flux are also anticipated at the global oceans warm. The Indoflow array design is based on the more comprehensive INSTANT process study and is deemed the minimal required mooring array to monitor the Indonesian Throughflow. The Ombai Strait and Timor Passage Throughflow components comprise about 11Sv of the 14 Sv total interbasin exchange. The Indoflow array integrates with the AIMS NAOS shelf line, allowing estimates of the interbasin exchange to include the transport of very warm waters across the Australian North West Shelf. All moorings in the Timor Passage are located along a high precision swath line of the TOPEX/Jason satellite altimeter missions. These data will shed light on how best to exploit altimetric data over our shallow northern shelves, especially in data assimilating models.

Tags: ABOS, Australian Bluewater Observing System, Buoys, Conductivity, IMOS Facility, IMOS Platform, ITFTSL, Indonesian Throughflow, Moored Buoys, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Temperature, Oceans, Salinity, Timor Sill Mooring, Water Temperature
Organization: CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere - Hobart
IMOS - ABOS Deepwater Arrays (DA) Sub-facility, Indonesian Throughflow array, Timor North (ITFTIN) Mooring Platform

The Timor North deepwater mooring was first deployed on 2011-06-14 at (8.86 S, 127.20 E) in the Indonesian Throughflow.

Instrumentation includes 150 kHz and 75kHz ADCPs, Seabird SBE39s, discrete current meters and Pressure Inverted Echo Sounders (PIES).

The mooring provides profile velocity data above 500m and point source velocity between 500m and 1200m (depth of controlling sill). Temperature and salinity data are collected for the entire water column.

The aim of IMOS Indonsian Throughflow moorings (Indoflow) is to sustainably and directly measure the leakage of Pacific thermocline and intermediate waters from the western equatorial Pacific into the South Indian Ocean. The Indonesian Passages represent an important 'choke point' of the global ocean overturning circulation and the climate system. The interannual to decadal variability of the size and depth distribution of the flow through this choke point remains a troublesome unknown. In particular, changes in this flow will reflect long term changes in the Pacific and Indian Ocean wind fields, particularly any change in the Walker Circulation, as predicted by coupled climate models forced by increasing Greenhouse Gas scenarios. Changes in the associated heat flux are also anticipated at the global oceans warm. The Indoflow array design is based on the more comprehensive INSTANT process study and is deemed the minimal required mooring array to monitor the Indonesian Throughflow. The Ombai Strait and Timor Passage Throughflow components comprise about 11Sv of the 14 Sv total interbasin exchange. The Indoflow array integrates with the AIMS NAOS shelf line, allowing estimates of the interbasin exchange to include the transport of very warm waters across the Australian North West Shelf. All moorings in the Timor Passage are located along a high precision swath line of the TOPEX/Jason satellite altimeter missions. These data will shed light on how best to exploit altimetric data over our shallow northern shelves, especially in data assimilating models.

Tags: ABOS, Australian Bluewater Observing System, Buoys, Conductivity, IMOS Facility, IMOS Platform, ITFTIN, Indonesian Throughflow, Moored Buoys, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Temperature, Oceans, Salinity, Timor North Mooring, Water Temperature
Organization: CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere - Hobart
IMOS - ABOS Deepwater Arrays (DA) Sub-facility, Indonesian Throughflow array, Ombai (ITFOMB) Mooring Platform

The Ombai deepwater mooring was first deployed on 2011-06-19 at (8.53 S, 125.09 E) in the Indonesian Throughflow.

Instrumentation includes 150 kHz and 75kHz ADCPs, Seabird SBE39s, discrete current meters and Pressure Inverted Echo Sounders (PIES).

The mooring provides profile velocity data above 500m and point source velocity between 500m and 1200m (depth of controlling sill). Temperature and salinity data are collected for the entire water column.

The aim of IMOS Indonsian Throughflow moorings (Indoflow) is to sustainably and directly measure the leakage of Pacific thermocline and intermediate waters from the western equatorial Pacific into the South Indian Ocean. The Indonesian Passages represent an important 'choke point' of the global ocean overturning circulation and the climate system. The interannual to decadal variability of the size and depth distribution of the flow through this choke point remains a troublesome unknown. In particular, changes in this flow will reflect long term changes in the Pacific and Indian Ocean wind fields, particularly any change in the Walker Circulation, as predicted by coupled climate models forced by increasing Greenhouse Gas scenarios. Changes in the associated heat flux are also anticipated at the global oceans warm. The Indoflow array design is based on the more comprehensive INSTANT process study and is deemed the minimal required mooring array to monitor the Indonesian Throughflow. The Ombai Strait and Timor Passage Throughflow components comprise about 11Sv of the 14 Sv total interbasin exchange. The Indoflow array integrates with the AIMS NAOS shelf line, allowing estimates of the interbasin exchange to include the transport of very warm waters across the Australian North West Shelf. All moorings in the Timor Passage are located along a high precision swath line of the TOPEX/Jason satellite altimeter missions. These data will shed light on how best to exploit altimetric data over our shallow northern shelves, especially in data assimilating models.

Tags: ABOS, Australian Bluewater Observing System, Buoys, Conductivity, IMOS Facility, IMOS Platform, ITFOMB, Indonesian Throughflow, Moored Buoys, Ocean Circulation, Ocean Currents, Ocean Temperature, Oceans, Ombai Mooring, Salinity, Water Temperature
Organization: CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere - Hobart