AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Seabed Mapping: Darwin Harbour region (including Bynoe Harbour)

This report is the first of three reports that provide the scientific analyses and interpretations resulting from a four-year collaborative habitat mapping program undertaken within the Darwin and Bynoe Harbour region by Geoscience Australia (GA), the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) and the Northern Territory Government Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). This 4 year program (2014-2018) aims to improve knowledge of the marine environments in the Darwin and Bynoe Harbour regions by collating and collecting baseline information and developing thematic habitat maps that will underpin future marine resource management decisions. This program was made possible through offset funds provided by the INPEX-operated Ichthys LNG Project to DENR, and co-investments from GA and AIMS.

Tags: Earth Sciences, Harbour, Northern Territory, Published_External, backscatter, bathymetry, marine environmental baseline, marine resource planning, marine survey, seabed habitat
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
A Nationally Consistent Geomorphic Classification of the Australian Coastal Zone

Geoscience Australia has completed the first phase of an areal map of Australia's coastal geomorphological units. Utilising pre-existing GIS datasets procured from local, state and federal government agencies, this national scale map conforms to a coastal geomorphology classification scheme developed at Geoscience Australia. Phase one consists of a geodatabase containing a series of state wide feature datasets that have been reclassified into the national coastal geomorphology classification scheme.

Tags: AU, Earth Sciences, GIS, GIS Dataset, National, National dataset, Published_External, coasts, geomorphology, landforms, mapping, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR grid

Gravity data measure small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR grid is produced from the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series. These gravity data were acquired under the project No. 202008. The grid has a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). The data are given in units of um/s^2, also known as 'gravity units', or gu. The data are derived from ground observations stored in the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as at September 2019, supplemented by offshore data sourced from v28.1 of the Global Gravity grid developed using data from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego. Out of the approximately 1.8 million gravity observations, nearly 1.4 million gravity stations in the ANGD together with marine data were used to generate this grid. The ground gravity data used in this grid has been acquired by the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments, the mining and exploration industry, universities and research organisations from the 1940's to the present day. Station spacing for ground observations varies from approximately 11 km down to less than 1 km, with major parts of the continent having station spacing between 2.5 and 7 km. The grid shows de-trended global isostatic residual anomalies (A series) over Australia and its continental margins. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR grid (DGIR) was obtained by subtracting 3 quantities (i.e., the near-field isostatic correction, the far-field isostatic correction, and a first order trend correction) from Complete Bouguer Anomaly data (CBA) of the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series.

Tags: A series, Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, de-trended, geophysical survey, geophysics, grav, gravity, grid, ground digital data, isostatic, marine data, raster, residual, satellite data, survey 202008
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Bottom currents, sedimentation and ice-sheet retreat facies successions on the MacRobertson shelf, East Antarctica

Measurements of water turbidity, currents, seafloor sediment samples and geophysical data document the sedimentary processes and the Late Quaternary sedimentary history of a continental shelf valley system on the East Antarctic continental margin.

Tags: AQ, Antarctic data, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, geomorphology, marine, sedimentary basins
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Videos and still images from TAN0713 (Eastern Australian Margin)

The Eastern Margin survey (TAN0713, GA survey #2436) to the Capel and Faust basins and Gifford Guyot was conducted on the Tangaroa between 7 October and 22 November 2007 in collaboration with staff from New Zealand's National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Fugro Robertson Inc., and the University of the Sea. The voyage was operated through the Offshore Energy Security Program, with the principal aims of exploring deep-sea habitats and processes on a subsided marginal plateau and submerged guyot and examining the underlying geology as an assessment for petroleum potential of the basins. A total of 42 video transects (each approx. 1 hr in duration) were surveyed and 6,229 still photographs acquired in water depths of 259-2,260 m. Video footage was recorded on mini DV tapes, and copied to digital format. Video snippets were also created of representative habitats for some stations. Video and image files or associated parent folders are named according to station number, followed by CAM and then the deployment number. For example 37CAM35 represents a video transect from Station 37 that was the 35th video transect on the survey. For further information on this survey please refer to the post-survey report (GA Record 2009/22 - Geocat #68630) and GA Record 2009/26 (Geocat #69358).

Tags: Earth Sciences, HVC_144640, Multimedia, Published_External, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Summaries of other papers presented

Abstracts: 'Models of sulphide ore formation in sedimentary rocks', Gustafson, L.B.; 'Metal sources and fixation in some stratiform deposits' Lambert, I.B.; 'addle dolomite gangue: an indicator of epigenetic mineralisation in sediments', Radke, B.M.; 'Lead isotopic systematics of sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposits', Vaasjoki, M. and Gulson, B.L.; 'Mechanisms of sulphide deposition in sediment-hosted exhalative lead-zinc deposits', Russell, M.J., Solomon, M. and Walshe, J.L.; 'The Coxco deposit: lead-zinc mineralisation in a Precambrian karst cavern system', Walker, R.N.; 'Stratiform copper mineralisation - settings and environments', Rowlands, N.; 'Mount Isa copper orebodies - evidence against a sedimentary origin', Perkins, W.G.; 'Relationship of copper to lead-zinc ore bodies and source of copper at Mount Isa, Queensland', Gulson, B.L., Perkins, W.G. and Mizon, K.J.; 'Chemical and mineralogical constraints on the genesis of mineralisation in the Mount Gunson region, South Australia', Knutson, J.; 'Diagenetic mineralisation in the Wollogorang Formation McArthur Basin, Northern Territory', Jackson, M.J.; 'Studies of modern sedimentary environments as an exploration aid', van der Borch, C.; 'Distribution of metals in sediments', Warren, L.J.; 'Determination of dissolved sulphide in marine sediments', Hauser, J.; 'Sulphate reduction in coastal marine sediments: magnitude and controls', Wiebe, W.J.; 'Sulphate reduction in modern sediments and implications for ore formation', Skyring, G.W.; 'Early diagenesis in some deep sea sediments, northeast Indian Ocean', Cook, P.J., Chambers, L.A. and Trudinger, P.A.; 'Sulphur isotope distributions and the depositional environment', Chambers, L.A.; 'Precambrian sulphur isotopes: implications for the global sulphur cycle', Donnelly, T.H.; 'Diagenesis of organic matter in shallow marine sediments: an experimental study', Bubela, B; 'Sources of organic matter in Precambrian sediments', Walter, M.R.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
New and Revised Palynological Data for the Otway Basin

As part of Geoscience Australia's 2002-2004 work program, the Petroleum and Marine Division initiated a collaborative study of the Otway Basin (Figure 1) with Primary Industries and Resources SA (PIRSA) and the Department of Primary Industries (DPI), Victoria. The aim of the project was to enhance the petroleum prospectivity of the basin through an improved understanding of depositional systems, integrated petroleum systems analysis and enhanced access to basic datasets critical to the exploration industry. Major project work components included seismic- and well-interpretation to
construct a new regional chronostratigraphic framework for the basin (Figure 2), geochemistry and geohistory modelling to document regional petroleum systems elements (Boreham et al ., 2004), and biostratigraphy to refine age-control, biozonations and correlations within the basin (Krassay et al ., 2004). Biostratigraphic work for the Otway Basin Project involved a major program of new
sampling, processing and palynological analysis combined with a thorough review of existing biostratigraphic reports and data. Collection, processing and preparation of new samples were conducted in-house by Geoscience Australia staff. New palynological analyses were carried out by Morgan Palaeo Associates on a commercial contract basis. This Record (CD-ROM) contains consultants palynological reports (Microsoft Word) and digital data files as originally submitted (wmf and dex formats) and as updated and standardised (csv format) for over 200 new samples collected from 14 selected Otway Basin wells (Table 1). This Record also contains revised palynological data files (csv format) for 18 Otway Basin wells (Table 2). Revision and updating of palynological data
from existing reports and new consultants reports involved initial quality-assurance and quality-control of the data followed by updating of synonyms and systematics to comply with a standardised taxonomy. Revised data files contained in this Record adhere to a standardised taxonomy in current use at Geoscience Australia. Revised data files are presented in a csv format (Excel spreadsheets).

Tags: AU-SA, AU-VIC, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, dating, palaeontology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Chemical Diversity in South-eastern Australian Saline Lakes II: Biotic Implications

This study explores how differences in ionic composition of south-eastern Australian saline lake waters, caused by path differentiation according to the Eugster-Jones-Hardie models of solute evolution and halite recycling, influence species composition of ostracod faunas. Ostracod occurrences are reported as physiologically important ionic ratios set in a marine-meteoric framework, with chemical boundaries determined by mixing and evaporation models. The occurrence of halophilous ostracods coincides with changes in the ionic structure of lake waters. Chemical diversity is found to be biologically important, with most ostracods preferring a specific pathway of the Eugster-Jones-Hardie models. Path preference predominantly reflects the different tolerance ranges of species to a combination of Na+/H+, Na+/Ca2+ and alkalinity/Cl- activity ratios, which probably govern acid-base balance and Na+ and CA2+ regulation.  An Alkalinity/Cl- activity ratio of ~-2.3 corresponds to the main division in the ostracod data and reflects the abrupt change in alkalinity/Cl- ratios that occurs when a seawater-like solute matrix is diluted with a large amount of meteoric water (95%). Most halobiont ostracods occur in waters enriched with Na-Cl as a result of halite recycling. Evidence is presented that the same geochemical processes are relevant to other aquatic organisms (e.g. zooplankton, diatoms, insects) found in salt water.

Tags: AU-SA, AU-VIC, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, water resources
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Novel method to concurrently sample the planktobenthos and benthos

The planktobenthos is an important area with unique environmental conditions and represents the immediate link between the benthos and the water column. Despite its close links with the seafloor, the planktobenthos has never been deliberately sampled concurrently with the benthos. We have developed a new method for planktobenthic sampling which allows concurrent collection of benthic and suprabenthic specimens. The Mounted Assembly for Planktobenthic Sampling (MAPS) uses a novel tri-layered net with a seafloor-triggered opening and closing mechanism attached to an epibenthic sled. The MAPS was deployed on the Carnarvon Shelf in Western Australia and was successful at separately sampling both benthic and planktobenthic fauna. A wide variety of epibenthic and infaunal animals were collected from the sled while planktobenthic animals such as mysids were identified from all three nets. The tri-layered net was particularly effective at collecting a broad range of planktobenthic organisms, including smaller fragile larvae and adults which may have otherwise been destroyed during collection in a single net. The number of species in planktobenthic and benthic samples was correlated, although the strength and significance of this relationship varied among taxonomic groups. Importantly, the MAPS can be modified for use on a wide variety of benthic sleds to target a range of organisms. The concurrent collection of planktobenthic and benthic biota will contribute to a range of research areas, including larval ecology, nutrient cycling, biogeography and surrogacy research.

Tags: AU-WA, CERF, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, habitat, marine, marine survey
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Compilation of terrestrial samples and observations from the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica

This report presents the location and sources of sediment samples and observational data in the Vestfold Hills (between 68Â° 23' and 68Â° 40' S, 77Â° 50' and 78Â° 35' E) to provide physical and chemical properties, sedimentary processes, and glacial and marine history of the terrestrial environment. This compilation of samples and observations incorporates data collected from the 1970s to present from published and unpublished sources. Sample locations and types are presented here to make them more readily available for further analysis and interpretation. Samples and observations are presented as point locations and include sample type, analyses, and references to the original data source.

Tags: AUSTRALIAN ANTARCTIC TERRITORY, Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Published_External, Sedimentology, Surface Processes
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
UVF Surface Maps of 60 Offshore Western Australian Oils

As part of AGSO's commitment to advancing exploration technology, the Petroleum and Marine Division has been conducting studies into the use of fluorescence signatures as a means of detecting, mapping and typing hydrocarbon seeps to their sources.  AGSO's aim is to provide data that will allow sea surface hydrocarbon anomalies, detected during Airborne Laser Fluorosensor (ALF) surveys, to be correlated with oils and ultimately characterise the anomalies directly to their source.

This report concludes the second stage of AGSO's <code>remote sensing' multi-client study and comprises ultra-violet fluorescence (UVF)</code>surface maps' of 60 open file western Australian oils.

This report is a stand alone product, with supplementary geological, spectroscopic and geochemical information for the oil set described herein, being presented in Part 1 of this study (Edwards et al., 1998).

Tags: AU-WA, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Report, marine, remote sensing
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Pleistocene to Holocene planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Coral Sea, offshore Queensland, Australia.

Fifteen of 27 potential planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphic events from the latest Pliocene-Holocene have been examined; most of the early Pleistocene was not able to be studied because of a hiatus in the one core which penetrated through the Pleistocene into the top of the Pliocene. Four of these events have been recognised for the first time, and some have been used to establish a formal zonal and subzonal scheme for the region.  Two new subzones are proposed, the Globigerinoides quadrilobatus fistulosus Subzone (for the basal part of Zone N.22) and the Bolliella praeadamsi Subzone (for the top part of Zone N.22).  These changes have made necessary the redefinition of both the Globorotalia (Truncorotalia) crassaformis viola and the Globorotalia (Truncorotalia) crassaformis hessi Subzones. There is little evidence that changes in palaeoceanographic conditions are related to the faunal changes observed in the cores, although there are strong indications of reworking at some levels within some of the cores (such as late Miocene Zone N.17 in one core), which may have been related to sea-level fluctuations. The assemblages from the cores show a marked stability, with the faunas being dominated by spinose, oligotrophic taxa. Temperate water forms are either very rare or absent, whereas tropical and subtropical species are dominant. A single new species, Bolliella praeadamsi has been described because of its biostratigraphic utility. This species is an evolutionary intermediate between Bo. calida praecalida and Bo. adamsi.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, QLD, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Methodologies for multibeam seabed hardness mapping in the Timor Sea - Relief

This dataset contains topographic relief data from seabed mapping surveys on the Van Diemen Rise in the eastern Joseph Bonaparte Gulf of the Timor Sea. The survey was conducted under a Memorandum of Understanding between Geoscience Australia (GA) and the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) in two consecutive years 2009 (GA survey number GA-0322 and AIMS survey number SOL4934) and 2010 (GA survey number GA-0325 and AIMS survey number SOL5117). The surveys obtained detailed geological (sedimentological, geochemical, geophysical) and biological data (macro-benthic and infaunal diversity, community structure) for the banks, channels and plains to investigate relationships between the physical environment and associated biota for biodiversity prediction. The surveys also provide Arafura-Timor Sea, and wider northern Australian marine region context for the benthic biodiversity of the Van Diemen Rise. Four study areas were investigated across the outer to inner shelf. Refer to the GA record 'Methodologies for seabed substrate characterisation using multibeam bathymetry, backscatter, and video data: A case study for the Eastern Joseph Bonaparte Gulf, Northern Australia' for further information on processing techniques applied (GeoCat: 74092; GA Record: 2013/11).

Tags: AU-NT, Bathymetry Grid, Marine Data, Marine Geoscience, NERP, Published_External, bathymetry, geoscience, marine, multibeam
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Formation, Morphology and Preservation of High-energy Carbonate Lithofacies: Evolution of the Cool-water Recherche Archipelago Inner Shelf, South-western Australia

Cool-water carbonate environments may be responsible for up to one third of the carbonate sediment produced on continental shelves, and are useful modern analogues for many geologically ancient deposits. The extensive southern margin of the Australian continent is recognised as the world's largest modern example of a high energy, cool-water carbonate depositional realm. A number of studies have suggested that Quaternary sediment production here is largely influenced by oceanography, and that wave abrasion strongly limits sediment accumulation. Therefore, in this region the outer-shelf, below the storm wave base, is thought to be the focus of sediment accumulation. The inner shelf is considered a zone of active sediment production due to the proliferation of carbonate secreting organisms, although few studies have investigated sediment production or accumulation in this energetic and dynamic environment. The Recherche Archipelago, which sits at the western margin of the Great Australian Bight (GAB), was examined to better understand Quaternary shelf evolution and the importance of this type of inner shelf as a carbonate 'factory'. Surficial sediments, video, multibeam sonar data, cores and shallow seismics were collected. The present seabed of the archipelago features extensive areas where flat-lying limestones sit over the often irregular granite basement. The Pleistocene erosional surface is overlain by a coarse bivalve and rhodolith dominated gravel lag. Significantly, there are extensive Holocene deposits, up to 7 m thick, throughout the archipelago, particularly in association with granite islands. These deposits comprise cross-bedded gravelly carbonate sands dominated by fragments of calcareous algae (rhodoliths), molluscs and bryozoans. In contrast, the inshore and coast is dominated by terrigenous sediment. Seismic profiles and preserved palaeo-shoreline features suggest that slow but episodic aggradation of marine sediment has occurred on the inner shelf over successive Quaternary sea level cycles, although there are also extensive areas of non-deposition. This accumulation is partly attributable to the sheltering effect of high-relief granitic outcrops and cementation of subaerially exposed carbonate sediments.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, bathymetry, carbonate, marine, seabed, sedimentology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Contrasting marginal sediments of a seasonally flooded saline lake - Lake Eliza, South Australia: significance for oil shale genesis

Lake Eliza is a hypersaline coastal lake in southeast South Australia, a region of winter rainfall and summer drought. It is fed by ground waters and has no connection with the sea. Salinity rises from &lt; 100 in winter to &gt; 360%() in summer, with accompanying fall in lake level. The lake contains a biota of generally non-marine lineage. Two areas of the lake margin exposed in summer were studied. One, on the western shore, was protected from prevailing winds, the other, on the eastern shore was exposed to wave attack. The western shore is an area of fine carbonate sediments with high organic content. The eastern shore is an area of moderately sorted quartz-carbonate sand of lower organic content.  The sediments of Lake Eliza are similar to some of those described from the Wilkins Peak Member of the Green River Formation, USA, and a comparison between the two systems suggests that the lamosite oil shales of the type found in the Green River Formation may not have been deposited in a fresh to brackish lake floor as has been supposed, but could have formed beneath cyanobacterial mats along a protected margin of a saline lake, in a setting equivalent to the western margin of Lake Eliza.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, SA
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data