AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Seabed Environments and Shallow Geology of the Leveque Shelf, Western Australia SOL5754 (GA0340) Post Survey Report

Geoscience Australia undertook a marine survey of the Leveque Shelf (survey number SOL5754/GA0340), a sub-basin of the Browse Basin, in May 2013. This survey provides seabed and shallow geological information to support an assessment of the CO2 storage potential of the Browse sedimentary basin. The basin, located on the Northwest Shelf, Western Australia, was previously identified by the Carbon Storage Taskforce (2009) as potentially suitable for CO2 storage. The survey was undertaken under the Australian Government's National CO2 Infrastructure Plan (NCIP) to help identify sites suitable for the long term storage of CO2 within reasonable distances of major sources of CO2 emissions. The principal aim of the Leveque Shelf marine survey was to look for evidence of any past or current gas or fluid seepage at the seabed, and to determine whether these features are related to structures (e.g. faults) in the Leveque Shelf area that may extend to the seabed. The survey also mapped seabed habitats and biota to provide information on communities and biophysical features that may be associated with seepage. This research, combined with deeper geological studies undertaken concurrently, addresses key questions on the potential for containment of CO2 in the basin's proposed CO2 storage unit, i.e. the basal sedimentary section (Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous), and the regional integrity of the Jamieson Formation (the seal unit overlying the main reservoir).

Tags: AU-WA, CO2 capture, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, environmental, marine, marine survey
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Wagonga Inlet Seagrass Ecology Data 1991

This dataset contains seagrass productivity and distribution data from Wagonga Inlet, adjacent to Narooma, NSW. The data were obtained between April and October 1991. The data were taken as a control site for similiar sampling in Jervis Bay. The data are part of the Jervis Bay Marine Ecological Study. NB - As the database has been lost, the only data still available are those published in the JERVIS BAY BASELINE STUDIES Final Report.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Sensitivity of detection of fugitive methane emissions from coal seam gas fields

There is increasing recognition that minimising methane emissions from the oil and gas sector is a key step in reducing global greenhouse gas emissions in the near term.  Atmospheric monitoring techniques are likely to play an important future role in  measuring the extent of existing emissions and verifying emission reductions. They can be very suitable for monitoring gas fields as they are continuous and integrate emissions from a number of potential point and diffuse sources that may vary in time. 

Geoscience Australia and CSIRO Marine &amp; Atmospheric Research have collected three years of continuous methane and carbon dioxide measurements at their atmospheric composition monitoring station ('Arcturus') in the Bowen Basin, Australia. Methane signals in the Bowen Basin are likely to be influenced by cattle production, landfill, coal production, and conventional and coal seam gas (CSG) production.

Australian CSG is typically 'dry' and is characterised by a mixed thermogenic-biogenic methane source with an absence of C3-C6+ alkanes. The range of '13C isotopic signatures of the CSG is similar to methane from landfill gas and cattle emissions. The absence of standard in-situ tracers for CSG fugitive emissions suggests that having a comprehensive baseline will be critical for successful measurement of fugitive emissions using atmospheric techniques.

In this paper we report on the sensitivity of atmospheric techniques for the detection of fugitive emissions from a simulated new CSG field against a three year baseline signal. Simulation of emissions was performed for a 1-year period using the coupled prognostic meteorological and air pollution model TAPM at different fugitive emission rates (i.e. estimates of &lt;1% to up to 10% of production lost) and distances (i.e. 10 - 50 km) from the station. Emissions from the simulated CSG field are based on well density, production volumes, and field size typical of CSG fields in Australia. The distributions of the perturbed and baseline signals were evaluated and statistically compared to test for the presence of fugitive methane emissions. In addition, a time series model of the methane baseline was developed in order to generate alternative realizations of the baseline signal. These were used to provide measures of both the likelihood of detecting fugitive emissions at various emission levels and of the false alarm rate. Results of the statistical analysis and an indicative minimum fugitive methane emission rate that can be detected using a single monitoring station are presented.

Poster presented at the American Geophysical Union meeting, December 2013, San Francisco

Tags: AU-QLD, Atmospheric Sciences, GA Publication, Poster/Image, Published_External, atmosphere, climate, greenhouse gas emissions
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Australia's Near-pristine Estuaries: Current Knowledge and Management

The purpose of this investigation was to collate previously disparate information on near-pristine estuaries and make it widely available for use by managers, researchers, policy makers and the general public. This information was acquired through scientific articles, reports, conference proceedings, government agencies, grey literature, websites, expert advice and anecdotal observation and was summarised both on a state-by-state basis and at the national level, with emphasis on current knowledge and management.

Tags: AU-EEZ, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Report, coasts, marine, resource management
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
SUPERSEDED: eReefs GBR4 Biogeochemical model data - Version 3.0 Catchment Real Time

This dataset has been superseded by GBR4_H2p0_B3p1_Cq3b_Dhnd (2010-12 to 2019-04), and it was removed from the NCI fx3 project and THREDDS server in April 2024.  An archive copy has been retained by the custodians, and access can be arranged on request.

4km-resolution Biogeochemical model version 3.0, forced by version 2 of the Hydrodynamic model and best available forcing¹, deployed as catchment real time (6 month lag for SOURCE Catchments model).

¹ best available forcing:
○ 2011-06-30 to 2014-06-30: P2R SOURCE Catchments;
○ 2014-07-01 to 2016-10-30: Empirical SOURCE Catchments;
○ 2016-10-31 onwards: Furnas relationships for wet and dry tropics rivers.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Quantitative mapping of the East Australian Current encroachment using time series Himawari-8 sea surface temperature data

The East Australian Current (EAC) is a complex and highly dynamic western boundary current (WBC) component of the South Pacific Gyre. The interaction between the EAC and the continental shelf significantly influences the coastal ocean dynamics and the marine ecosystem off the southeast coast of Australia. In this study, we attempted to map the spatial structure of the sea surface temperature (SST) signature of the EAC system using Himawari-8 SST data, and to investigate the spatial and temporal evolution of the EAC encroachment for the period July 2015 to Sept 2017. The very high spatiotemporal resolution of Himawari-8 SST images has enabled the mapping of the highly dynamic EAC using a Topographic Position Index (TPI) method. The results demonstrated that the TPI mapping was able to capture the complex spatial structure of the EAC system, based on which the spatial variability and temporal evolution of EAC’s meanders, offshoots, separation, eddies, and extensions along its path have been clearly documented. Using an eddy-resolving, data assimilating numerical ocean model, we were able to relate the EAC's SST signature with its surface current speed signature, with an overall area ratio of overlap ~60% between the two signatures. Temporal wavelet analyses indicated that the variability of the EAC encroachment is dominated by an eddy-shedding timescale, being 65~80 days upstream and 90~100 days downstream of the EAC separation point. In the upstream, the EAC’s proximity to the coast also exhibited seasonal cycle in the 2 year (26 months) study period, with the encroachment being stronger during austral summer and weaker during austral winter. Off the eastern coast of Tasmania, powerful summer pulses of the EAC encroachment were observed, which is an expression of the seasonality of the EAC boundary flow in this region. Upstream, we believe that the “encroach and accelerate” mode of the EAC would drive coastal upwelling which can occur all year round with local maximum typically in summer. Downstream, the “encroach and decay” mode of the western arm of the EAC or its eddies is less likely to induce and sustain bottom water uplift. The seasonal current sheer previously observed upstream on the continental shelf is believed to be a combined effect of the stronger EAC encroachment and the enhanced temperature difference between shelf and EAC waters (i.e. thermal wind effect) in summer compared to winter.

Citation: Xie, S., Huang, Z., Wang, X. H., &amp; Leplastrier, A. (2020). Quantitative mapping of the East Australian Current encroachment using time series Himawari‐8 sea surface temperature data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 125, e2019JC015647. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015647

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, East Australian Current, Published_External, current intrusions, remote sensing
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
SI 1049 Cape Fourcroy (North-West) (HIPP SI 1049) Bathymetry 2024 (20240007S)

The Cape Fourcroy (North-West) bathymetry survey was acquired for the Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO) during the period 3 Jun 2024 – 29 Sep 2024. This is a contracted survey conducted for the Australian Hydrographic Office by Guardian Geomatics as part of the Hydroscheme Industry Partnership Program. The survey area is Cape Fourcroy (North-West), Northern Territory.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Not to be used for navigational purposes

Tags: Arafura Sea (East Indian Archipelago), AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, Bathymetry, EARTH SCIENCES, MV Offshore Surveyor, Marine, Offshore Mapping, Published_External, Resourcing Australia's Prosperity, Timor Sea (East Indian Archipelago), multi-beam echosounders
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Offshore Acreage Release 2007 3D VRML Models

The regular release of offshore acreage is a key part of the Australian Government's strategy to encourage investment in petroleum exploration. This CD product contains six interactive 3D VRML models of the 2007 acreage release areas and was created for distribution at the 2007 APPEA conference and for later distribution via the web.

Tags: 3D model, AU, Earth Sciences, GIS, GIS Dataset, Published_External, marine, model, petroleum exploration, web mapping
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Trace element data from RV Southern Surveyor voyage SS2011_V02

This research facilitated Australian leadership in the new international GEOTRACES program (www.geotraces.org), studying a wide range of chemical, physical and biological processes involved in the cycling and supply of trace elements and their isotopes (TEIs) in the ocean, and their sensitivity to changing environmental and climatic conditions. The GEOTRACES survey gp13 was the first to map the three-dimensional distribution of of TEIs in the southwest Pacific Ocean, and conducted experiments to understand their sources, sinks and internal cycling.
This dataset sourced from the GEOTRACES data portal includes copper, cadmium, iron, manganese, lead and zinc concentration measurements at depths up to 6000 m.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
SUPERSEDED: eReefs GBR4 Biogeochemical and sediments model data - Version 924

This dataset has been superseeded by GBR4_H2p0_B2p0_Chyd_Dcrt(2010-12 to 2016-10) and then by GBR4_H2p0_B3p1_Cq3b_Dhnd (2010-04 to 2019-04) and it was removed from the NCI fx3 project and THREDDS server in April 2024.  An archive copy has been retained by the custodians, and access can be arranged on request.

Results from version 924 of the 4km-resolution regional-scale biogeochemistry and sediments model of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR4), forced by version 2.0 of the 4km-resolution hydrodynamic model and with Furnas relationships for wet and dry tropics rivers as catchment inputs.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Geochemical characteristics of Mesozoic petroleum systems in the Bonaparte Basin, northwestern Australia

The Bonaparte Basin has been actively explored for over twenty years. The recent oil discovery at Tenacious in the Vulcan Sub-basin, oil production from the Laminaria-Corallina fields on the Laminaria High, as well as gas/condensate discoveries at Bayu-Undan, Sunrise and Sunset fields in the Zone of Co-operation (ZOCA), highlight the continuing prospectivity of the region.

Despite this focussed exploration, geoscientists are yet to come to an understanding of the regions petroleum systems. This study uses isotopic and biomarker analyses carried out on Mesozoic oils from the Bonaparte Basin to geochemically characterise oil families within the Westralian Petroleum Supersystem. Oil-oil correlations are made between the Vulcan Sub-basin, ZOCA and the Browse Basin, and statistical analysis indicates multiple oil families sourced from Jurassic and Early Cretaceous rocks. These oils are contrasted with those of the Palaeozoic petroleum systems in the Petrel Sub-basin.

The Upper Jurassic Lower Vulcan Formation has sourced the majority of oils produced from the Vulcan Sub-basin which are assigned to the Westralian-2 Vulcan Petroleum System. In the ZOCA region, two distinct end-member oil families/sub-families are recognised; a land-plant influenced family in the west, and a marine influenced family in the southeast. A third oil family in the north comprises condensate from Sunrise-1 that has a distinct marine carbonate biomarker signature. A fourth group of oils, reservoired in fractured Darwin Formation, has a marine geochemical signature and appears to have been expelled from the Cretaceous Echuca Shoals Formation. These oils are geochemically similar to some Browse Basins oils.

Presented at the 2000 AAPG International Conference and Exhibition, Bali

Tags: Bonaparte Basin, Browse Basin, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Timor Sea, oil-oil correlations, organic chemistry, petroleum exploration, petroleum systems
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Heron Island Depth From 09 Sep 2012

The 'Wireless Sensor Networks Facility' (formerly known as Facility for The Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems (FAIMMS)), part of the Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System project (GBROOS), is a facility of the Australian 'Integrated Marine Observing System' (IMOS) project. This data set was collected by the Great Barrier Reef Wireless Sensor Network.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Marine geology of the Huon Gulf region, New Guinea

The Solomon Sea is a semi-enclosed oceanic basin bordered by technically active land masses: its morphology is dominated by an arcuate trough, the New Britain Trench, which bounds the basin on its northern side and is over 8000 metres deep. Density of soundings is sufficient to reveal a large scale left-lateral displacement near the western end of the New Britain Trench; this appears to be a continuation of the onshore Markham-Ramu Lineament. The same structure controls the position of the Markham submarine canyon, which is the major conduit feeding sediment to the ocean basin. No continental shelf is developed along the northern margin of the Huon Gulf owing to the strong and continuing uplift of the Huon Peninsula, which lies within the Northern New Guinea Arc structural province. South of Lae, however, a narrow continental shelf is present. Seismic reflection profiles reveal that this shelf is a geologically young constructional feature, composed in its upper levels of a coalescing series of deltaic deposits. In some areas these can be seen resting directly on non-sedimentary basement. Several submarine canyons cross the shelf and each is closely related to a large river onshore. The seismic records clearly show truncation of strata by the canyon walls: however, it is postulated that upgrowth of the shelf around the canyons, with occasional slumping along the rims, as well as axial downcutting by abrasive sediment flowage, have controlled the formation of the canyons. Their steep axial gradients, which average about 5Â° compared with the shelf surface which slopes seaward at only 1Â°, are taken to indicate that the canyons were initiated before the Pleistocene and have maintained their courses during the upward and outward growth of the deltaic deposits forming the present day continental shelf.

Tags: Bulletin, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, PG, Published_External, geology, marine, marine survey
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
AusSeabed: Three years of coordinating seabed mapping efforts - are we there yet?

This record was superseded on 13/09/2024 with approval from Director, National Seabed Mapping as it has been superseded by eCat 149851.

Australia’s marine jurisdiction covers over 10 million square kilometres, and we estimate that only 25% of its seafloor has been mapped to the adequate resolution required to support the sustainable development and management of our marine estate.  Considering that seabed mapping underpins most aspects of ocean sciences and engineering, and contributes strongly to Australia’s economic, environmental and social values, it is critical that we address this fundamental knowledge gap. 

AusSeabed was founded three years ago—a cross sector collaborative national program aimed at coordinating ocean mapping efforts to maximise benefits to stakeholders.  AusSeabed is working to address many challenges surrounding efficient data acquisition, quality assurance, processing and delivery to various end-users with an aim to eliminate duplication of effort and improve data quality and consistency across sectors. 

A fundamental component of the AusSeabed program is the design and development of a federated, cloud-based, open-source platform to address the whole supply chain from data acquisition to delivery.  Importantly, this work is enabling seamless collation of seabed mapping datasets and their integration with other marine data types from a variety of previously isolated and inaccessible holdings. 

Strong community commitment and a powerful resonance with stakeholders have driven rapid program growth and are a testament to the value of deliberate and effective collaboration for national benefit.

This presentation will give an overview of AusSeabed’s current progress, highlights and forward plan.

Tags: AusSeabed, EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, Wednesday Seminar, mapping, ocean floors
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
SI 1047 Queensland Plateau (South-West) QLD (HIPP SI 1047) Bathymetry 2024 (20240005S)

This is a contracted survey conducted for the Australian Hydrographic Office by EGS as part of the Hydroscheme Industry Partnership Program (HIPP). The survey area is Queensland Plateau, QLD.

Not to be used for navigational purposes

Tags: AusSeabed, Bathymetry, Coral Sea, Digital Delivery, EARTH SCIENCES, Marine, Offshore Mapping, PMG Emerald, Published_External, Resourcing Australia's Prosperity, Sampling, multi-beam echosounders
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Seabed morphology and geomorphology of Flinders Reefs within the Coral Sea Marine Park, north-eastern Australia, Version 1 MapServer

This ESRI map (web) service contains geospatial seabed morphology and geomorphology information for Flinders Reefs within the Coral Sea Marine Park and are intended for use by marine park managers, regulators, the general public and other stakeholders. This web service uses the data product published in McNeil et al. (2023); eCat Record 147998.

Tags: Geomorphology, Geomorphology and Earth Surface Processes, MapServer, Mapping, Morphology, Parks Australia, Published_External, Seabed, Spatial, web service
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
A conceptual surrogacy framework to evaluate the habitat potential of submarine canyons

The seascape of the vast Australian continental margin is characterised by numerous submarine canyons that represent an equally vast array of geomorphic and oceanographic heterogeneity. Theoretically, this heterogeneity translates into habitats that may vary equally widely in their ecological characteristics. Here we describe the methodology to develop a framework to broadly derive estimates of potential habitat condition (¿suitability¿ sensu lato) for pelagic and epibenthic megafauna (including demersal fishes), and benthic infauna in all of Australia¿s known submarine canyons.  We find that the high geomorphic and oceanographic diversity of submarine canyons creates a multitude of potential habitat types. In general, it appears that canyons may be particularly high-quality for benthic species. Canyons that incise the shelf tend to score higher in habitat potential than those confined to the slope. Canyons with particularly high habitat potential are located mainly off the Great Barrier Reef, the NSW coast, the eastern margin of Tasmania and Bass Strait, and on the southern margin. Many of these canyons have complex bottom topography, are likely to be productive, and have less intense sediment disturbance regimes. The framework presented here can be relevant ¿ once refined and comprehensively validated with ecological data - in a management and conservation context to identify canyons (or groups of canyons) that are likely to represent high-value habitat along a vast continental margin where marine planning decisions may require spatial prioritization decisions.

Citation: Zhi Huang, Thomas A. Schlacher, Scott Nichol, Alan Williams, Franziska Althaus, Rudy Kloser, A conceptual surrogacy framework to evaluate the habitat potential of submarine canyons, Progress in Oceanography, Volume 169, 2018, Pages 199-213, ISSN 0079-6611,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2017.11.007

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, continental margin, fauna environmental association, habitat diversity, niches, predictions, spatial planning
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Modelling Bio-irrigation Rates in the Sediments of Port Phillip Bay

The introduction of a deuterium-enriched tracer to benthic incubation chambers emplaced on the sea floor of Port Phillip Bay provides a method of modelling bio-irrigation within the sediments. Plots of deuterium v. incubation time reveal that all seven chambers, emplaced at four sites, indicate nondiffusive transport of pore-water solutes across the sediment-water interface. Modelling indicates that advection of overlying chamber water must occur to depths of 20-50 cm below the interface and at rates between 150 and 700 mL h-1. Multiple chambers deployed in the same region within the bay are consistent with respect to bio-irrigation depth and rate. This indicates that the distribution of infauna responsible for irrigation is quite consistent within regions defined by sediment type and depth. However, various regions in the bay show distinctly different irrigation rates; thus the distribution and/or activity of infauna is not constant throughout the bay. At the lower rate of pore-water advection, the entire water column in Port Phillip Bay passes through the sediments within 200 days. Dissolved caesium, injected into the chamber, is also an effective tracer of bio-irrigation although adsorption onto sediment particles increases the uncertainty of model results.

Tags: AU-VIC, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, marine, resource management
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network