AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Sea Ice Observations from the Akademic Fedorov (34th Russian Antarctic Expedition)

These data describe pack ice characteristics in the Antarctic sea ice zone.
These data are in the ASPeCt format.
National program:  Russia
Vessel:  Akademic Fedorov
Dates in ice:  26 Feb 1989 - 10 Mar 1989
Observers:  Unknown
Translation to ASPeCt data format:  Vladimir Smirnov
Summary of voyage track:
26/2  Ice edge at approx. 71S, 138W
26/2-2/3  Ice edge to Russkaya (136W) partly in company with Prof Zubov.
7-10/3  West through Ross Sea
10/3  Ice edge at approx. 74S, 176E
The fields in this dataset are:
SEA ICE CONCENTRATION
SEA ICE FLOE SIZE
SEA ICE SNOW COVER
SEA ICE THICKNESS
SEA ICE TOPOGRAPHY
SEA ICE TYPE
RECORD
DATE
TIME
LATITUDE
LONGITUDE
OPEN WATER
TRACK
SNOW THICKNESS
SNOW TYPE
SEA TEMPERATURE
AIR TEMPERATURE
WIND VELOCITY
WIND DIRECTION
FILM COUNTER
FRAME COUNTER FOR FILM
VIDEO RECORDER COUNTER
VISIBILITY CODE
CLOUD
WEATHER CODE
COMMENTS

Tags: ACE/CRC, AIR TEMPERATURE, AMD, AMD/AU, ARCTIC, ASPECT > Antarctic Sea Ice Processes and Climate, CEOS, CLOUD, COMMENTS, CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA, DATE, EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > ICE DEPTH/THICKNESS, EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > ICE FLOES, EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > ICE TYPES, EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > PACK ICE, EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > SEA ICE CONCENTRATION, FILM COUNTER, FRAME COUNTER FOR FILM, GEOGRAPHIC REGION > ARCTIC, GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR, LATITUDE, LONGITUDE, OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN, OPEN WATER, RECORD, SEA ICE CONCENTRATION, SEA ICE FLOE SIZE, SEA ICE SNOW COVER, SEA ICE THICKNESS, SEA ICE TOPOGRAPHY, SEA ICE TYPE, SEA TEMPERATURE, SHIPS, SNOW THICKNESS, SNOW TYPE, TIME, TRACK, VIDEO RECORDER COUNTER, VISIBILITY CODE, WEATHER CODE, WIND DIRECTION, WIND VELOCITY
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Multiple field-based methods to assess the potential impacts of seismic surveys on scallops

Marine seismic surveys are an important tool to map geology beneath the seafloor and manage petroleum resources, but they are also a source of underwater noise pollution. A mass mortality of scallops in the Bass Strait, Australia occurred a few months after a marine seismic survey in 2010, and fishing groups were concerned about the potential relationship between the two events. The current study used three field-based methods to investigate the potential impact of marine seismic surveys on scallops in the region: 1) dredging and 2) deployment of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) were undertaken to examine the potential response of two species of scallops (Pecten fumatus, Mimachlamys asperrima) before, two months after, and ten months after a 2015 marine seismic survey; and 3) MODIS satellite data revealed patterns of sea surface temperatures from 2006–2016. Results from the dredging and AUV components show no evidence of scallop mortality attributable to the seismic survey, although sub-lethal effects cannot be excluded. The remote sensing revealed a pronounced thermal spike in the eastern Bass Strait between February and May 2010, overlapping the scallop beds that suffered extensive mortality and coinciding almost exactly with dates of operation for the 2010 seismic survey. The acquisition of in situ data coupled with consideration of commercial seismic arrays meant that results were ecologically realistic, while the paired field-based components (dredging, AUV imagery) provided a failsafe against challenges associated with working wholly in the field. This study expands our knowledge of the potential environmental impacts of marine seismic survey and will inform future applications for marine seismic surveys, as well as the assessment of such applications by regulatory authorities.
Citation: Rachel Przeslawski, Zhi Huang, Jade Anderson, Andrew G. Carroll, Matthew Edmunds, Lynton Hurt, Stefan Williams, Multiple field-based methods to assess the potential impacts of seismic surveys on scallops, Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 129, Issue 2, 2018,Pages 750-761, ISSN 0025-326X, 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.066.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Gippsland Basin, Published_External, bivalve, invertebrate, noise impacts, remote sensing
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Applications of Neodymium Isotopes to Ore Deposits and Metallogenic Terranes; Using Regional Isotopic Maps and the Mineral Systems Concept

Although radiogenic isotopes historically have been used in ore genesis studies for age dating and as tracers, here we document the use of regional- and continental-scale Sm–Nd isotope data and derived isotopic maps to assist with metallogenic interpretation, including the identification of metallogenic terranes. For the Sm–Nd system, calculated Nd model ages, which are time independent, are of most value for small-scale isotopic maps. Typically, one- or two-stage depleted mantle model ages (TDM, T2DM) are used to infer age when the isotope characteristics of the rock were in isotopic equilibrium with a modelled (mantle) reservoir. An additional advantage is that Nd model ages provide, with a number of assumptions, an estimate of the approximate age of continental crust in a region. Regional- and continental-scale Nd model age maps, constructed from rocks such as granites, which effectively sample the middle to lower crust, therefore, provide a proxy to constrain the nature of the crust within a region. They are of increasing use in metallogenic analysis, especially when combined with a mineral systems approach, which recognizes that mineral deposits are the result of geological processes, at a scales from the ore shoot to the craton. These maps can be used empirically and/or predictively to identify and target large parts of mineral systems that may be indicative, or form part of, metallogenic terranes. Examples presented here include observed spatial relationships between mineral provinces and isotopic domains; the identification of old and/or thick cratonic blocks; determination of tectonic regimes favorable for mineralization; identification of isotopically juvenile zones that may indicate rifts or primitive arcs; recognition of crustal breaks that define metallogenic terrane boundaries or delineate fluid pathways; and, as baseline maps. Of course, any analysis of Sm–Nd and similar isotopic maps are predicated on integration with geological, geochemical and geophysical information data. In the future, research in this area should focus on the spatial and temporal evolution of the whole lithosphere at the province- to global-scales to more effectively targeting mineral exploration. This must involve integration of radiogenic isotopic data with other data, in particular, geophysical data, which has the advantage of being able to directly image the crust and lithosphere and being of a more continuous nature as compared to invariably incomplete isotopic data sets.
Citation: Champion, D.C., Huston, D.L. (2023). Applications of Neodymium Isotopes to Ore Deposits and Metallogenic Terranes; Using Regional Isotopic Maps and the Mineral Systems Concept. In: Huston, D., Gutzmer, J. (eds) Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogenesis and Exploration. Mineral Resource Reviews. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27897-6_5

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Mineral Systems Concept, Neodymium Isotopes, Regional Isotopic Maps
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Multi-stage evolution of the South Australian Craton: Petrological constraints on lithospheric architecture, lithology, and geochemistry of the lithospheric mantle

To improve the understanding of the formation and evolution of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) underlying the South Australian Craton we have conducted a detailed petrological study on &gt;3000 mantle xenocrysts from 13 kimberlites emplaced across the craton. Pressure (P) and temperature (T) estimates on diopside and garnet have been coupled with their chemical concentrations to constrain lithospheric thickness and chemo-lithostratigraphy. We show that lithospheric thickness is greatest beneath the Gawler Craton, whereas thinner lithosphere occurs beneath the Adelaide Fold Belt. Mineral compositions highlight two litho-chemical domains within the shallow and deep SCLM that are separated by a mid-lithosphere discontinuity. The shallow SCLM (60–130 km) comprises low Cr2O3 lherzolite and wehrlite. Xenocrysts record depleted and refertilized compositions enriched in LREE related to metasomatism by kimberlite melts. The mid-lithosphere (130–160 km) is depleted in garnet and diopside which may relate to a layer of pargasite lherzolite. The deep SCLM (&gt;160 km) comprises high Cr2O3 lherzolite with elevated TiO2 and FeO. We interpret the litho-chemical stratification of the SCLM 45 to reflect a multi-stage top-down growth. The shallow SCLM reflects an amalgamation of Precambrian cratonic nuclei characterized by heterogeneity in their degree of geochemical enrichment and depletion. Interaction of the shallow SCLM with mantle plumes accreted melts along the paleo-LAB, which now occurs as a MLD. The deep SCLM represents depleted mantle residue formed during mantle plume impingement and thickened during orogenesis. This domain has been metasomatized and refertilized by high-T melts from the asthenosphere.
Citation: Sudholz, Z. J., Yaxley, G. M., Jaques, A. L., Cooper, S. A., Czarnota, K.,Taylor, W. R., et al. (2022). Multi-stage evolution of the South Australian Craton: Petrological constraints on the architecture, lithology, and geochemistry of the lithospheric mantle. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 23, e2022GC010558. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010558

Tags: Australia's Resources Framework - ARF, EARTH SCIENCES, Exploring for the Future - EFTF, GEOCHEMISTRY, GEOLOGY, Inorganic Geochemistry, Lithospheric Geophysics, Mantle, Petrology, Published_External, South Australian Craton
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The Roebuck Basin, Beagle and Barcoo Sub-basin well folio

The Roebuck Basin and the adjoining Beagle and Barcoo sub-basins are underexplored areas on Australia’s North West Shelf that are undergoing renewed exploration interest since the discovery of oil at Phoenix South 1 in 2014 and subsequent hydrocarbon discoveries in the Bedout Sub-basin. A well folio of 24 offshore wells across the Beagle, Bedout, Rowley and Barcoo sub-basins has been compiled as part of Geoscience Australia’s hydrocarbon prospectivity assessment across the region. It consists of composite well log plots and well correlations that summarise lithology, lithostratigraphy, Geoscience Australia’s newly acquired biostratigraphic and geochemical data as well as results of petrophysical analysis. A revised sequence-stratigraphic interpretation, key petroleum system elements and drilling results are also documented. The wells dominantly target Triassic shoreward facies (Keraudren Formation) as the primary reservoir objective and Jurassic fluvial-deltaic (Depuch Formation) and/or Lower Cretaceous sandy deltaic facies as the secondary objective. The Keraudren Formation sandstones are sealed intra-formationally either by discontinuous units and/or by the regional Cossigny Member. The Jurassic Depuch Formation sandstones are sealed by regional Lower Cretaceous mudstones. Both charge and structure have been identified as critical issues in the Roebuck Basin. In the Beagle Sub-basin, seal integrity and migration pathways are also considered high risk. Well correlations have identified differences in the basin history and provide insights into the distribution of facies and other characteristics of the Jurassic and Triassic successions.
Citation: Nguyen Duy, Rollet Nadege, Grosjean Emmanuelle, Edwards Dianne S., Abbott Steve, Orlov Claire, Bernardel George, Nicholson Chris, Kelman Andrew, Khider Kamal, Buckler Tamara (2019) The Roebuck Basin, Beagle and Barcoo Sub-basin well folio. The APPEA Journal 59, 920-927.

Tags: Beagle Sub-basin, EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, Roebuck Basin, geochemistry, source rocks, well data
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Regional volcanism of northern Zealandia: post-Gondwana break-upmagmatism on an extended, submerged continent

Volcanism of Late Cretaceous–Miocene age is more widespread across the Zealandia continent than previously recognized. New age and geochemical information from widely spaced northern Zealandia seafloor samples can be related to three volcanotectonic regimes: (1) age-progressive, hotspot-style, low-K, alkali-basalt-dominated volcanism in the Lord Howe Seamount Chain. The northern end of the chain (c. 28 Ma) is spatially and temporally linked to the 40–28 Ma South Rennell Trough spreading centre. (2) Subalkaline, intermediate to silicic, medium-K to shoshonitic lavas of &gt;78–42 Ma age within and near to the New Caledonia Basin. These lavas indicate that the basin and the adjacent Fairway Ridge are underlain by continental rather than oceanic crust, and are a record of Late Cretaceous–Eocene intracontinental rifting or, in some cases, speculatively subduction. (3) Spatially scattered, non-hotspot, alkali basalts of 30–18 Ma age from Loyalty Ridge, Lord Howe Rise, Aotea Basin and Reinga Basin. These lavas are part of a more extensive suite of Zealandia-wide, 97–0 Ma intraplate volcanics. Ages of northern Zealandia alkali basalts confirm that a late Cenozoic pulse of intraplate volcanism erupted across both northern and southern Zealandia. Collectively, the three groups of volcanic rocks emphasize the important role of magmatism in the geology of northern Zealandia, both during and after Gondwana break-up. There is no compelling evidence in our dataset for Late Cretaceous–Paleocene subduction beneath northern Zealandia.
Citation:
N. Mortimer, P.B. Gans, S. Meffre, C.E. Martin, M. Seton, S. Williams, R.E. Turnbull, P.G. Quilty, S. Micklethwaite, C. Timm, R. Sutherland, F. Bache, J. Collot, P. Maurizot, P. Rouillard, N. Rollet, 2018. Regional volcanism of northern Zealandia: post-Gondwana break-up magmatism on an extended, submerged continent, Large Igneous Provinces from Gondwana and Adjacent Regions, S. Sensarma, B. C. Storey,  Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 463, pp199–226
This article appears in multiple journals (Lyell Collection &amp; GeoScienceWorld)

Tags: Alkaline Magmatic Province, EARTH SCIENCES, Gondwana, Lord Howe, Published_External, Seamount Chain, Zealandia, intraplate volcanism
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Efficient borehole targeting for ground-control of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey results

AusAEM is a Geoscience Australia program to collect broad-spaced (~20km) airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data at the regional scale.  The AusAEM data is being used to map the thickness and character of sedimentary and regolith cover across northern Australia.  To maximise the utility of the collected data, it is important that subsequent interpretation can integrate the best available ground-control information.  Typically such information is provided by boreholes. 
Prior to AEM data collection, we manually assessed boreholes according to a suite of meta-data including spatial location information, depth, quality of lithological information, and the availability of geophysical wireline logging.  These assessments are then used to deviate the planned AEM flight lines to intersect high-quality boreholes.  However, this process proved prohibitive in the Pilbara; a mature mineral province with extensive drilling.  Even after filtering for depth (&gt; 50m), there are ~78,000 mineral exploration boreholes in the current survey area.  New methods are clearly required to enable the efficient prioritisation of borehole targets.
To this end, we have used the results of previous manual borehole assessments to train and validate a machine learning algorithm for the purpose of identifying priority borehole targets.  We find that a detailed manual assessment of boreholes can be closely replicated using a substantially reduced suite of borehole metadata.  While the quality of assessment is mildly reduced, and there is a loss of borehole-specific information, the trade-off is a process that is ~137,000 times faster.  In practical terms, this has enabled a validated quality assessment to be conducted over an area of extensive drilling, a feat which would have proved prohibitive without machine learning.
Presented at the 2019 Australasian Exploration Geoscience Conference (AEGC)

Tags: AusAEM, EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, airborne electromagnetic, airborne electromagnetic - AEM, borehole assessment, machine learning, random forest
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogeny and Exploration—An Introduction

Although (Soddy, Nature 92:399–400, 1913) inferred the existence of isotopes early last century, it was not until the discovery of the neutron by (Chadwick, Nature 129:312, 1932) that isotopes were understood to result from differing numbers of neutrons in atomic nuclei. (Urey, J Chem Soc 1947:562–581, 1947) predicted that different isotopes would behave slightly differently in chemical (and physical) reactions due to mass differences, leading to the concept of isotopic fractionation. The discovery that some elements transformed into other elements by radioactive decay happened even before the recognition of isotopes (Rutherford and Soddy, Lond Edinb Dublin Philos Mag 4:370–396, 1902), although the role that different isotopes played in this process was discovered later. The twin, and related, concepts of isotopes and radioactive decay have been used by geoscience and other scientific disciplines as tools to understand geochemical processes such as mineralization, and also the age and duration of these processes. This book is a review of how isotope geoscience has developed to better understand the processes of ore formation and metallogenesis, and thereby improve mineral system models used in exploration.
Citation: Huston, D.L., Lambert, I., Gutzmer, J. (2023). Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogeny and Exploration—An Introduction. In: Huston, D., Gutzmer, J. (eds) Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogenesis and Exploration. Mineral Resource Reviews. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27897-6_1

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, GEOCHEMISTRY, GEOLOGY, Geochronology, Isotope Geochemistry
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
A geochemical investigation into the resource potential of the Lawn Hill Platform, northern Australia

The Lawn Hill Platform (LHP) is a sedimentary province in northeastern Northern Territory and northwestern Queensland that hosts a significant Paleoproterozoic–Mesoproterozoic sequence often referred to as the Isa Superbasin and including the overlying South Nicholson Group. Shale gas resources and base-metals mineralisation are known in northwest Queensland but the larger basin is underexplored. 
The Australian Government’s Exploring for the Future (EFTF) 2016−2020 program aims to boost resource exploration in northern Australia. New precompetitive geochemical data obtained in this program includes source-rock geochemistry, kerogen kinetics, bitumen reflectance, biomarker and 13C n-alkanes for understanding the petroleum potential, organic geochemistry of source rocks and fluids, stratigraphic correlations, and mineralogy to determine the brittleness of shales. All data and derived reports are accessible on the EFTF portal (www.eftf.ga.gov.au), providing a central location for informed decision making.
The results in this study demonstrate fair to excellent source rocks in multiple supersequences that are brittle and favourable to hydraulic stimulation. A comparison to the greater McArthur Basin demonstrates that although there are many similarities in bulk geochemistry, LHP mudstones are largely heterogeneous, reflecting local variations that may be inherited from variations in contributing biomass, microbial reworking, depositional environment, sediment input and paleoredox conditions.
Citation: Jarrett Amber J. M., Bailey Adam E. H., Boreham Christopher J., Palu Tehani, Hall Lisa, Shannon April, Collins Alan S., Vinnichenko Galina, Brocks Jochen, Li Zhongsheng, Munson Tim J., Edwards Sally, Carr Lidena, Henson Paul (2020) A geochemical investigation into the resource potential of the Lawn Hill Platform, northern Australia. The APPEA Journal 60, 722-731. https://doi.org/10.1071/AJ19118

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Rock-Eval, geochemistry, hydrocarbons, isotopes, kinetics, reflectance, shale gas
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Application of Elemental Chemostratigraphy to refine the stratigraphy of the Adavale Basin, Queensland

A prerequisite to understanding the evolution and resource potential of a basin is to establish a reliable stratigraphic framework that enables the correlation of rock units across multiple depocentres. Establishing a stratigraphic model for the Adavale Basin is challenging due to its structurally complexity, lack of well penetration and its lateral changes in facies. Biostratigraphy appears broad-scale, and despite providing chronostratigraphic control for the Lower Devonian Gumbardo Formation when combined with U/Pb zircon geochronology, the rest of the Devonian succession is hampered by a lack of microfossil assemblages and their poor preservation. The aim of this study is to establish an independent chemostratigraphic correlation across the Adavale Basin using whole rock inorganic geochemistry. Within this study, a total of 1489 cuttings samples from 10 study wells were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectrometry and Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry for whole rock geochemistry, in order to establish an independent chemostratigraphic zonation scheme. Based on key elemental ratios selected to reflect changes in feldspars, clay minerals and provenance, the Devonian-aged stratigraphy is characterised into four chemostratigraphic mega-sequences that encompass the Gumbardo Formation (Mega-sequence 1); the Eastwood Formation, the Log Creek Formation and the Lissoy Sandstone (Mega-sequence 2); the Bury Limestone and the Boree Salt formations (Mega-sequence 3); and the Etonvale and the Buckabie formations (Mega-sequence 4). These mega-sequences have been further subdivided into a series of chemostratigraphic sequences that can be correlated across the study wells, establishing a regional correlation framework.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
This Paper was submitted/presented to the 2023 Australian Petroleum Production &amp; Exploration Association (APPEA) Conference 15-18 May, (https://www.appea.com.au/appea-event/appea-conference-and-exhibition-2023/).
Journal Citation:
Riley David, Pearce Tim, Davidson Morven, Sirantoine Eva, Lewis Chris, Wainman Carmine (2023) Application of elemental chemostratigraphy to refine the stratigraphy of the Adavale Basin, Queensland. The APPEA Journal 63, 207-219. https://doi.org/10.1071/AJ22108

Tags: Adavale Basin, Chemostratigraphy, Data Driven Discoveries, Devonian, Lithostratigraphy, Published_External, Stratigraphy (incl. biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy and basin analysis)
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data