AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Triassic Horizon Grids, Isochron Grids, and Fault Maps, Central North West Shelf

A regional mapping program conducted by Geoscience Australia addressed stratigraphic and structural aspects of exploration risk within the Triassic succession of the Roebuck Basin and parts of the adjacent sub-basins (central North West Shelf, Figure 1).

Seismic horizons of regional significance were mapped using 2D and 3D seismic surveys. Seismic survey coverage is shown in Figure 1. 2D surveys include regional deep surveys such as AGSO s110, AGSO s120, and PGS New Dawn. 3D surveys include Admiral, Beagle, CNOOC, Curt, Lord, Naranco, Polly, Whitetail, and a 5 x 5 km extract (used with permission) from the TGS Capreolus MC3D. Synthetic seismograms (Nguyen et al., 2019) were used to tie seismic horizons to wells.

The mapped horizons are placed within a regional tectonostratigraphic framework by Abbott et al. (2019, their Figure 2). This data pack comprises seismic horizon grids and isochron grids generated from the TR10.0_SB (base Triassic), TR17.0_SB (Mid–Triassic), and J10.0_SB (top Triassic) seismic horizons (Figure 2). Fault maps compiled at the TR10.0 _SB and J10.0_SB are also included.

Tags: Barcoo Sub-basin, Basin Analysis, Beagle Sub-basin, Bedout Sub-basin, EARTH SCIENCES, Exmouth Plateau, North West Shelf, Petroleum and Coal Geology, Petroleum exploration, Published_External, Roebuck Basin, Rowley Sub-basin, Triassic, stratigraphy
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
The Search for Flight MH370 – Phase 2 5 m resolution sonar images for data visualisation

On behalf of Australia, and in support of the Malaysian accident investigation, the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) led search operations for missing Malaysian Airlines flight MH370 in the Southern Indian Ocean. Geoscience Australia provided advice, expertise and support to the ATSB to facilitate marine surveys, which were undertaken to provide a detailed map of the sea floor topography and to aid navigation during the underwater search. 

This dataset comprises Side Scan Sonar (SSS), Synthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS) and multibeam sonar backscatter data at 5 m resolution. Data was collected during Phase 2 marine surveys conducted by the Governments of Australia, Malaysia and the People’s Republic of China between September 2014 to January 2017. The data was acquired by Echo Surveyor 7 (Kongsberg AUV Hugin 1000), Edgetech 2400 Deep Tow and SLH PS-60 Synthetic Aperture Sonar Deep Tow deployed from the following vessels: Fugro Supporter, Fugro Equator, Fugro Discovery, Havila Harmony, Dong Hai Jiu 101 and Go Phoenix.

All material and data from this access point is subject to copyright. Please note the creative commons copyright notice and relating to the re-use of this material. Geoscience Australia's preference is that you attribute the datasets (and any material sourced from it) using the following wording: Source: Governments of Australia, Malaysia and the People's Republic of China, 2018. MH370 Phase 2 data.
We honour the memory of those who have lost their lives and acknowledge the enormous loss felt by their loved ones.

Tags: MH370, Published_External, backscatter, marine, sidescan sonar
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
FK200930 Northern Great Barrier Reef Bathymetry Acquisition (20200014S)

This resource includes bathymetry data acquired during the Northern Depths of the Great Barrier Reef survey on RV Falkor using its Kongsberg EM302 multibeam sonar system. The EM710 data acquired on this survey will be included in a future release.

The primary objective of the survey was to explore the Cape York Peninsula region, through geophysical mapping of the shelf edge and continental slope adjacent to the barrier reefs and around the seven detached reefs lying north of Cape Weymouth, including within the large Wreck Bay. The offshore Cape York area is considered a frontier marine region with very little multibeam data collected previously in this far northern section of the Great Barrier Reef. The survey aimed to reveal the full inventory of submarine canyons, drowned reefs and any other significant seabed features in the region.

A secondary objective was to conduct geophysical mapping of the Swain slide, an underwater landslide on the slope adjacent to the Swain Reefs in the southern Great Barrier Reef, with a headscarp about 10 km wide and a debris field extending ~20 km from the headscarp. The mapping aimed to reveal the full extent of the debris field and nature of the debris material proximal to the headscarp.

Another objective was to conduct geophysical mapping around the steeper slopes around reefs in the eastern Coral Sea Marine Park, including the Saumarez, Frederick, Kenn, Wreck and Cato Reefs. The mapping aimed to fill data gaps between existing airborne LIDAR bathymetry over the shallow reefs and previously collected multibeam data around the steeper flanks.

To achieve these objectives, the survey extended over 47 days, leaving Brisbane, Australia on September 30, 2020 and returning to Brisbane, Australia on November 17, 2020. The voyage was split into three legs, with port calls made at Cairns and Horn Island in the Torres Strait.

Geophysical mapping involved the use of both Kongsberg EM302 and EM710 multibeam systems on the RV Falkor, typically operated in Dual Swath mode. In depths deeper than ~1200 m, the EM710 was turned off. Backscatter and water column data were also collected on both multibeam systems.

This dataset contains fifteen 4m, 9, 10, 16 and 32m resolution 32-bit geotiff files of the FK200930 survey area produced from the processed EM302 only bathymetry data.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

This dataset is published with the permission of the CEO, Geoscience Australia.

Tags: AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, EARTH SCIENCES, HVC_144641, Marine Data, Offshore Mapping, RV Falkor, Resourcing Australia's Prosperity, backscatter, bathymetric grids, bathymetry, marine, multibeam, water column data (wcd)
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Lord Howe Rise: Project Flyer - 2018 Version

The Lord Howe Rise Project is a collaborative research project between Geoscience Australia and the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) that aims to better understand the geology, tectonics and paleoenvironment of the central Lord Howe Rise (northern Zealandia).

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, International Ocean Discovery Program, Lord Howe Rise, stratigraphic drilling
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Thick ferromanganese deposits from the Dampier Ridge and the Lord Howe Rise off eastern Australia

Chemical and mineralogical data are presented for four ferromanganese samples (two nodules and two crusts) from two stations of the West German vessel Sonne. Three samples came from a dredge on the flanks of the Dampier Ridge in water 2400- 2700 m deep.  One came from a core on the Lord Howe Rise in water 1549 m deep. Thick ferromanganese deposits overlie a variety of substrates including granite, gabbro and feldspathic sandstone. The ferromanganese deposits, which are up to 20 cm thick, range from round mononucleate nodules with small volcanic nuclei, to polynucleate nodules, to nodules bound together as crusts, and to laminated crusts. Both nodules and crusts are hydrogenetic in origin and have low contents of Ni, Cu and Co, and low Mn:Fe ratios of 0.48-0.91. A comparison of these results with those from three deeper water stations of Galathea and Tangaroa indicates that Mn:Fe ratios, Ni% and Cu% increase markedly in deeper water, where Mn:Fe ratios exceed 2.5, and Ni+Cu+Co values exceed 1.25%. Any future search for nodules of economic significance should be concentrated in the even deeper water areas (&gt;5000 m) east and southeast of Gascoyne Seamount.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, NSW, Published_External, QLD, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
History of benthic colonisation beneath the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica

This study presents compelling evidence for a diverse and abundant seabed community which has developed over the course of the Holocene beneath the Amery Ice Shelf in East Antarctica. Fossil analysis of a 47 cm long sediment core reveals a rich modern fauna, dominated by filter feeders (sponges and bryozoans), with an abundant infauna predominantly of polychaetes. The down-core assemblage reveals a succession in the colonisation of this site. The lower portion of the core (prior to ~9600 yr BP) is completely devoid of preserved fauna. The first colonisers of the site after this time were the mobile benthic organisms. Their occurrence in the core is matched by the first appearance of planktonic taxa, indicating a retreat of the ice shelf following the last glaciation to within sufficient distance to advect planktonic particles via bottom currents. The benthic infauna and filter feeders emerged during the peak abundance of the planktonic organisms, indicating their dependence on this advected food supply which is brought via bottom currents flowing from the open shelf waters of Prydz Bay. Understanding patterns of species succession in this environment has important implications for determining the potential significance of future global change. The collapse of Antarctic ice shelves, as has happened in recent times, would significantly change the organic supply regime, and therefore the nature of these sub-ice shelf benthic communities.

Tags: AQ, Antarctic data, Article, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, habitat, marine, palaeoclimatology
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Biodiversity and degradation of estuaries in North-Western Tasmania: Detention River

Water quality and biological data was collected from four tide-dominated river estuaries indicative of catchments with varying levels of human impacts to: 1) assess draft indicator levels for water quality, and 2) investigate biological indicators of estuarine health in NW Tasmania. The data represented by this record was collected in the Detention River.

Tags: Abundance - macroinvertebrates, Ammonia, Benthic macroinvertebrates, Degradation, Dissolved oxygen, Human impact, Nitrate, Nitrates and Nitrites, Nitrite, Number of individuals caught - fish, Number of species - macroinvertebrates, Reactive phosphorus, Salinity, Sediment organic carbon, Sediment particle size, Temperate Reef, Turbidity
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometry (FRRF) data collected on the RV L'Astrolabe from 19/10/2004 to 24/10/2004 (Hobart - Dumont d'Urville)

These data were collected on the RV L'Astrolabe (platform code: FHZI) from 19/10/2004 to 24/10/2004 on a trip from Hobart to Dumont D'Urville.

Maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), also called maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), has become one of the most widely utilized fluorescence parameters in phytoplankton research. It represents the potential photochemical efficiency, which is the probability that the light energy captured by the photosynthetic apparatus is being utilized as photochemistry. Fv/Fm has been shown to have an instant response to variations in physical and chemical properties and is interpreted as a diagnostic of the overall health or competence of phytoplankton. Together with the absorption cross section area of PSII and chlorophyll concentration, it can be used to measure primary production (Cheah et al. 2011, Deep Sea Research).

Seawater from 3 m depth was supplied continuously from the ship’s clean seawater line. FRR fluorescence yields were measured continuously at 1 minute intervals in dark-adapted state (! 15 minutes dark-adaptation) using a flash sequence consisting of a series of 100 subsaturation flashlets (1.1 μs flash duration and 2.8 μs interflash period) and a series of 20 relaxation flashlets (1.1 μs flash duration and 51.6 μs interflash period).

Tags: Continents | Antarctica, Countries | Australia, Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometer (FRRF), Global/Oceans | Southern Ocean, Instrument's photomultiplier electronic sensitivity (1-256), Latitude, Longitude, Maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), Minimum fluorescence in the light chamber of the FRRF (also used as a proxy for biomass), Oceans | Ocean Temperature | Sea Surface Temperature, Oceans | Salinity/density | Salinity, Photosynthesis, connectivity between PSII reaction centres under actinic light, functional absorption cross section of PSII (measure of the proportion of light harvested for photoc, maximum fluorescence in the light chamber of the FRRF, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II ( (FmL - FoL) / FmL), primary production, time constant of electron transport from PSII to PSI, variable fluorescence (FmL - FoL)
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
A 1500 Year Record of Coastal Sediment Accumulation Preserved in Beach Deposits at Keppel Bay, Queensland, Australia

In this study of the beach-ridge plain at Keppel Bay, on the central coast of Queensland, we examine ridge morphology, sediment texture and geochemistry. We build a detailed chronology for the ridge succession using the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating method. Although our interpretations are preliminary, our results suggest that significant changes have occurred in the rate of shoreline accumulation of sediment, catchment sediment source areas, and that there have been minor falls in relative sea level.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Report, coasts, marine, sedimentology
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Visualising coastal seabed characteristics: using VRML models to present three dimensional spatial data via the Web

Geoscience Australia has produced free Web-viewable 3D models of coastal data, for sharing data and information with project partners and coastal zone stakeholders. The models integrate a range of spatial data (including DEMs, multibeam bathymetry, sediment samples, benthic habitats and satellite imagery) within an easy to use interface. The models use the open source and ISO standard Virtual Reality Modelling Language (VRML) file format. The model described in this paper is for the Keppel Bay and Fitzroy River area in Queensland, Australia. These 3D VRML models are a good method for integrating coastal data, for better interpretation, and are easily transferred to end users via the Web.

Tags: 3D model, AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, bathymetry, coasts, marine, seabed, web mapping
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
RETIRED: eReefs GBR4 DA Hydrodynamic SHOC model data

This sample dataset was decomissioned in May 2022, and is no longer available via the NCI THREDDS server.  Please contact the eReefs team if you need access to this data.

This is the eReefs GBR 4 km resolution Data Assimilating (DA) hydrodynamic SHOC model data. The Ensemble Optimal Interpolation (EnOI) system assimilaties a combination of temperature data from moorings (AIMS and GBROOS/IMOS), gliders (CSIRO and IMOS) and SST (GHRSST L3S from IMOS). This product is the first version of a reanalysis undertaken for the GBR4 grid. The DS system is run with a cycle length of 2 days, and assimilates temperature data that fall within a 6 hour window either side of the analysis time. The mean forecast error ranges from 0.4 degrees C in the "dry" season to 0.7 degrees C in the "wet" season

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Multi-scale Fish-habitat Associations and the Use of Habitat Surrogates to Predict the Organisation and Abundance of Deep-water Fish Assemblages

Deep-water demersal fishes are an important component of continental shelf and slope ecosystems and play an important role in the economies of many countries. Strong and predictable relationships of fishes with seabed habitats, in conjunction with rapid advances in acoustic seabed mapping capabilities, indicate there is great potential for using habitats as proxies or &#145;surrogates&#146; to predict species distribution and abundance patterns at broad regional scales. However, few studies have evaluated this potential in complex seabed environments. In this study, we examined the spatial distributions, assemblage composition, and benthic habitat associations of deep-water demersal fish species over three spatial scales across Cordell Bank, a deep-water bank in central California. Demersal fishes were counted and habitats quantified from 60 strip-transects allocated over the extent of the bank using in situ observer and video-recorded data from the two-person Delta submersible. Both abundance and distribution of demersal fish species on Cordell Bank were strongly correlated with spatial location and habitat composition on the bank. Habitat structure was heterogeneous at several spatial scales. At broad scales, the rocky bank itself contained the highest diversity of both habitats and fishes. At intermediate scales, transition zones (10-100s of m wide) between the bank and continental slope and shelf sediments supported a diverse and characteristic suite of fish species. Habitats were also heterogeneous at finer-scales (1-10s of m) within these broad-scale zones, and fish responses to these habitat characteristics were taxon-specific, and often contingent on the spatial configuration of fine scale habitats within the broader-scale landscape. The results of this study indicate that for many species it is not sufficient to just know the fine-scale habitat association to predict fish assemblages.

Tags: CA, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, US, habitat, marine, marine survey
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Redefining the petroleum systems of the Browse Basin

The Browse Basin lies offshore from the remote Western Australia Kimberley region and hosts vast reserves of gas, some of which are rich in condensate, making it Australia's next major conventional liquefied natural gas (LNG) province on the North West Shelf. The super-giant Ichthys gas accumulation is estimated to host 12.8 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of gas and 527 million barrels (mmbbl) of condensate (CGR = 60 bbl/MMscf) making it the largest hydrocarbon accumulation with recoverable liquids found in Australia since the discovery of the Gippsland Basin and Barrow Island oil fields in the 1960s. Similar amounts of gas, albeit drier (CGR = 20-30 bbl/MMscf) are hosted within the super-giant Brecknock, Calliance and Torosa accumulations (15.9 Tcf gas, 436 mmbbl condensate).
Despite the extensive ongoing exploration activity and prior research interest [1, 2, 3 and 4], the basin's petroleum systems have not been updated for a decade. Collating the existing molecular and isotopic datasets for the wet gases and associated hydrocarbon liquids, along with the biomarker and 13C/12C and D/H ratios of the n-alkanes for the crude oils, has enabled the origin and extent of the petroleum systems to be redefined. In doing so, it is apparent that the filling of the gas accumulations within the Caswell Sub-basin and along the Scott Reef-Brecknock trend is complex, with the component gases originating from multiple organic and inorganic sources. Differing extents of biodegradation and recharge are observed in the Cornea and Gwydion oil and gas accumulations on the Yampi Shelf. Four petroleum systems (PS) are defined, as illustrated in Figure 1 by their 13C n-alkane isotopic profiles.
-   The Plover-Plover PS is a basin-wide gas-prone system where the gas is reservoired within the Early-Middle Jurassic Plover Formation (e.g. Brecknock-Torosa, Ichthys) and sourced from mixed terrestrial and marine organic matter deposited in fluvio-deltaic sediments;
-   The Plover/Vulcan-Vulcan PS occurs within the central Caswell Sub-basin at Ichthys and Prelude/Concerto and is a wet gas-prone system reservoired within the Brewster Member, upper Vulcan Formation, which has a more marine source affinity with the additional hydrocarbons probably being sourced from the lower Vulcan Formation.
-   The Plover/Vulcan-Nome PS is a gas-prone system within the Heywood Graben where the Nome Formation reservoir at Crux is sourced from mixed terrestrial and marine organic matter deposited within Jurassic sediments.
-   The Echuca Shoals-Heywood PS is an oil- and gas-prone system on the Yampi Shelf (Cornea and Gwydion) sourced by marine algae and bacterial organic matter within Lower Cretaceous sediments [2]. The oils and gases vary in their degree of biodegradation.
Further work is in progress to correlate the wet gases and oils with their source rocks.

Tags: GA Publication, Geology, Published_External, WA, geochemistry, geology
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Bynoe Harbour Habitat Mapping Survey 2016: Total oxygen uptake and total carbon dioxide release from core incubation experiments.

This resource contains surface sediment data for Bynoe Harbour collected by Geoscience Australia (GA), the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) and Department of Land Resource Management (Northern Territory Government) during the period from 2-29 May 2016 on the RV Solander (survey SOL6432/GA4452). This project was made possible through offset funds provided by INPEX-led Ichthys LNG Project to Northern Territory Government Department of Land Resource Management, and co-investment from Geoscience Australia and Australian Institute of Marine Science. The intent of this four year (2014-2018) program is to improve knowledge of the marine environments in the Darwin and Bynoe Harbour regions by collating and collecting baseline data that enable the creation of thematic habitat maps that underpin marine resource management decisions. The specific objectives of the survey were to: 1. Obtain high resolution geophysical (bathymetry) data for outer Darwin Harbour, including Shoal Bay; 2. Characterise substrates (acoustic backscatter properties, grainsize, sediment chemistry) for outer Darwin Harbour, including Shoal Bay; and 3. Collect tidal data for the survey area. Data acquired during the survey included: multibeam sonar bathymetry and acoustic backscatter; physical samples of seabed sediments, underwater photography and video of grab sample locations and oceanographic information including tidal data and sound velocity profiles. 
This dataset comprises O2 consumption and CO2 production rates measured from core incubation experiments conducted on seabed sediments. 

A detailed account of the survey is provided in Siwabessy, P.J.W., Smit, N., Atkinson, I., Dando, N., Harries, S., Howard, F.J.F., Li, J., Nicholas W.A., Picard, K., Radke, L.C., Tran, M., Williams, D. and Whiteway, T., 2016. Bynoe Harbour Marine Survey 2017: GA4452/SOL6432 – Post-survey report. Record 2017/04. Geoscience Australia, Canberra. 

Thanks to the crew of the RV Solander for help with sample collection, Matt Carey, Craig Wintle and Andrew Hislop from the Observatories and Science Support at Geoscience Australia for technical support and Jodie Smith for reviewing the data. This dataset is published with the permission of the CEO, Geoscience Australia

Tags: Published_External, benthic flux, coastal, tropical
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network