AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Severe Wind Hazard Assessment for South East Queensland - SWHA-SEQ Technical Report

The region of coastal South East Queensland (SEQ) is a large concentration of population, industry, and infrastructure important to the economy of Queensland and of Australia. The region is also subject to severe storms that generate damaging winds, particularly as result of thunderstorm and tropical cyclone activity. Older residential housing has historically been the most damaged in such storms, contributing disproportionately to community risk. This risk posed by severe wind is not well understood, nor are the optimal strategies for managing, and potentially reducing, this risk. In this hazard context, this project was initiated based on a joint proposal developed by Queensland Fire and Emergency Services (QFES), Geoscience Australia and the six coastal local governments in SEQ in January 2020. The objective was to gain an improved understanding of the wind risks in this region and to develop actionable information that could inform future strategies to manage and reduce risk in these areas, with broader application to other local government areas. The project proved to be of great interest to a broader range of stakeholders, including the insurance industry, some of whom became formal partners, while others participated as observers. 

The management of wind risk requires a sound evidence base for decision makers. While the information developed in this project has significant uncertainties, the outcomes are considered a representative view of wind risk in a coastal region that is home to nearly 60% of the Queensland population. The work has developed an improved understanding of the three primary risk elements of wind hazard, residential exposure and vulnerability. This has been achieved through a broad collaboration that has entailed the sharing of data, domain expertise and consensus building. This, in turn, has been translated into an assessment of scenario impacts, local scale risk, and the nuancing effects of resilience on the outcomes. An exploration was carried out of the effectiveness of a range of retrofit strategies directed at addressing the residential buildings in our communities that contribute the most wind risk in South East Queensland. The outcome are expected to be a valuable resource for all the project partners and stakeholders in the areas of planning, preparation, response, recovery and strategic mitigation.

Tags: ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, Enhanced Community Resilience, Mitigation, Published_Internal, Regional Analysis and Development, Retrofit, Risk, South East Queensland, Tropical Cyclone, Wind Hazard
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Reconnaissance gravity surveys in Western Australia and South Australia, 1969-1972

Reconnaissance helicopter gravity surveys by the Bureau of Mineral Resources between 1969 and 1972 covered the southern two-thirds of Western Australia and the western part of South Australia at a station density of at least 1 per 120 km2 . Gravity provinces defined from the surveys are mainly correlated with divisions of the Precambrian shield. The Archaean Pilbara and Yilgarn Cratons are represented by gravity provinces of complex contour pattern, in which local highs correlate with greenstone belts, and lows with granitic intrusions. The Pilbara Craton is much more extensive than its exposed part, as it includes the basement of the Proterozoic Hamersley Basin as well as the Pilbara Block. The central Yilgarn C r a t o n is divided into two gravity provinces along a sinuous line extending between Norseman and Wiluna. In the western province, intense local gravity highs are short and disjointed and trend mainly north, whereas in the eastern province, local highs are longer, trend mainly north-northwest, and are of smaller amplitude and intensity. The Yilgarn Craton is flanked by elongate gravity lows. One of them correlates with the Perth Basin, but the others extend over Precambrian crystalline rocks and must correspond to mass deficiencies within the shield or at depth within the crust or upper mantle. The deep gravity depression over the Perth Basin is continuous into the Byro and Coolcalalaya Basins, indicating that they are sub-basins of the Perth rather than the Carnarvon Basin. Gravity ridges bordering the Pilbara Craton to the south and northeast and the Yilgarn Craton to the southeast are attributed to Proterozoic mobile belts containing dense metamorphic rocks. Dense granulites crop out at Fraser Range, on the southeast margin of the Yilgarn Craton, where the amplitude of the gravity ridge is particularly large. A gravity ridge over the Musgrave Block in South Australia is believed to reflect a zone of relatively thin crust; intense local highs in the west are caused by basic intrusions of the Giles Complex. Gravity relief over the Eucla Basin reflects mainly lateral density variations in the basement, except for a low in the southwestern corner of South Australia, which can be correlated with the Denman Basin. Farther east, discrete highs over the Gawler Block are attributed to local concentrations of gneiss and amphibolite in a mainly granitic basement. A broad gravity depression across the central Gawler Block may be caused by a mass deficiency in the deep crust or upper mantle. The Officer Basin in South Australia coincides roughly with a deep gravity depression. However, the known thickness of sediments cannot entirely account for the depression, which must be partly due to a regional mass deficiency beneath the basin. Gravity evidence suggests that a basement ridge separates the eastern and western parts of the Officer Basin.

Tags: AU-SA, AU-WA, Bulletin, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, gravity
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The Lithgow earthquake of 13 February 1985: macro seismic effects

The Lithgow earthquake of magnitude ML 4.3, which took place on 13 February 1985, was the largest earthquake to have occurred in the Blue Mountains region of New South Wales since the Kurrajong earthquake of 1919. It caused minor damage in Lithgow and Wallerawang and was felt as far away as Parkes and Dubbo, 200 km from the epicentre. The total damage was estimated at approximately $65 000. Macroseismic and instrumental evidence suggests that, for this earthquake, the attenuation to the northeast in and under the Sydney Basin was much greater than the attenuation to the southwest through the Lachlan Fold Belt.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, NSW, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The 3 May 2006 (Mw 8.0) and 19 March 2009 (Mw 7.6) Tonga Earthquakes: Intraslab Compressional Faulting Below the Megathrust

The Tonga subduction zone is among the most seismically active regions and has the highest plate convergence rate in the world. However, thrust events confidently located on the plate boundary have not exceeded Mw 8.0. The possibility of a low probability maximum magnitude event of Mw 8.6 to 9.1 has been raised, but a paucity of geodetic observations and their distance from the Tonga trench have precluded direct assessment of megathrust slip deficit accumulation. We analyze two major thrust fault earthquakes that occurred in central Tonga in 2006 and 2009. The 3 May 2006 Mw 8.0 event has a focal mechanism consistent with interplate thrusting, was located west of the trench, and caused a moderate regional tsunami. However, long-period seismic wave inversions and finite-fault modeling by joint inversion of teleseismic body waves and local GPS static offsets indicate a slip distribution centered ~65 km deep, about 30 km deeper than the plate boundary revealed by locations of aftershocks, demonstrating that this was an intraslab event. The aftershock locations were obtained using data from 7 temporary seismic stations deployed shortly after the mainshock, and most lie on the plate boundary, not on either nodal plane of the deeper mainshock. The fault plane is ambiguous and investigation of compound rupture involving co-seismic slip along the megathrust does not provide a better fit, although activation of megathrust faulting is responsible for the aftershocks. The 19 March 2009 Mw 7.6 compressional faulting event occurred below the trench; finite-fault and W-phase inversions indicate an intraslab, ~50-km deep centroid, with ambiguous fault plane. There continues to be a paucity of large megathrust earthquakes in Tonga.

Tags: Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia Topographic Map 1:2500000 SE Sheet Seventh Edition

Geoscience Australia's wall map of Australia is ideal for displays and feature walls in offices, classrooms and conference rooms. The four component sheets - North-East, North-West, South-East and South-West are available individually, with each map 103cm x 88cm. The fully assembled size is 2m x 1.7m. At this scale 1cm on the map represents 25km on the ground. Product Specifications Coverage: Complete coverage of Australia Currency: Last revised 2011 Coordinates: Geographical Datum: AGD66 (GDA94 compliant at this scale); AHD Projection: Simple Conic on two standard parallels (18S and 36S)

Tags: National, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Pingaring, WA,1993 (P1070), radiometric line data, AWAGS levelled

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
 This Pingaring, WA,1993 (P1070), radiometric line data, AWAGS levelled were acquired in 1993 by the WA Government, and consisted of 7622 line-kilometres of data at 400m line spacing and 60m terrain clearance. To constrain long wavelengths in the data, an independent data set, the Australia-wide Airborne Geophysical Survey (AWAGS) airborne magnetic data, was used to control the base levels of the survey data. This survey data is essentially levelled to AWAGS.

Tags: AWAGS, Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NASVD, Published_External, WA, airborne digital data, gamma-ray, geophysical survey, geophysics, line, potassium, radiometrics, spectrometry, survey 1070, thorium, uranium, vector
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Dalmore 1:100 000 unpublished topographic map

At this scale 1cm on the map represents 1km on the ground. Each map covers a minimum area of 0.5 degrees longitude by 0.5 degrees latitude or about 54 kilometres by 54 kilometres. The contour interval is 20 metres.

Tags: 100K unpublished, AU-NT, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Croydon 1:100 000 topographic map

At this scale 1cm on the map represents 1km on the ground. Each map covers a minimum area of 0.5 degrees longitude by 0.5 degrees latitude or about 54 kilometres by 54 kilometres. The contour interval is 20 metres. Many maps are supplemented by hill shading. These maps contain natural and constructed features including road and rail infrastructure, vegetation, hydrography, contours, localities and some administrative boundaries. Product Specifications Coverage: Australia is covered by more than 3000 x 1:100 000 scale maps, of which 1600 have been published as printed maps. Unpublished maps are available as compilations. Currency: Ranges from 1961 to 2009. Average 1997. Coordinates: Geographical and either AMG or MGA coordinates. Datum: AGD66, GDA94; AHD Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Printed maps: Paper, flat and folded copies. Compilations: Paper or film, flat copies only.

Tags: 100K scale, AU-QLD, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
St George ppm uranium grid geodetic

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
This radiometric uranium grid has a cell size of 0.00021 degrees (approximately 22m) and shows uranium element concentration of the SMMSP - MagSpec - St George, Qld, 2001 in units of parts per million (or ppm). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 2001 by the QLD Government, and consisted of 61110 line-kilometres of data at a line spacing between 100m and 400m, and 60m terrain clearance.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NASVD, NCI, Published_External, QLD, U, airborne digital data, gamma-ray, geophysical survey, geophysics, grid, rad, radiometrics, raster, spectrometry, survey 906, uranium
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Massacre Inlet 1:100 000 topographic map

At this scale 1cm on the map represents 1km on the ground. Each map covers a minimum area of 0.5 degrees longitude by 0.5 degrees latitude or about 54 kilometres by 54 kilometres. The contour interval is 20 metres. Many maps are supplemented by hill shading. These maps contain natural and constructed features including road and rail infrastructure, vegetation, hydrography, contours, localities and some administrative boundaries. Product Specifications Coverage: Australia is covered by more than 3000 x 1:100 000 scale maps, of which 1600 have been published as printed maps. Unpublished maps are available as compilations. Currency: Ranges from 1961 to 2009. Average 1997. Coordinates: Geographical and either AMG or MGA coordinates. Datum: AGD66, GDA94; AHD Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Printed maps: Paper, flat and folded copies. Compilations: Paper or film, flat copies only.

Tags: 100K scale, AU-QLD, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Proposals for the Re-use of Invalid and Superseded Stratigraphic Names in Australia

There are estimated to be more than 7600 stratigraphic names in Australia (not counting variations on the same name) and the number of new names reserved continues to increase at an average rate of about 275 per annum. This rate is likely to increase now that a new emphasis on geological mapping is imminent, and that igneous and metamorphic provinces are being mapped in greater detail with the rock units therein being named. Finding available geographic names is already a problem in some areas, and getting approval for new geographic names can be a long drawn-out process sometimes exceeding 12 months, which is not suitable for geologists who have to write their reports to tight deadlines. Any way of easing the difficulty deserves consideration, and it is for this reason that the possible re-use of geographic names, which no longer serve a useful stratigraphic purpose, is being examined.
Names which have ceased to serve a useful purpose can be broadly classified into:  those which are invalid; and those which are valid but have been superseded.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, stratigraphy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
De Grey 1:50 000 topographic map

Product Specifications Coverage: Partial coverage, predominantly in northern Australia, along major transport routes, and other selected areas. About 1000 maps have been published to date. Currency: Ranges from 1968 to 2006. Coordinates: Geographical and UTM. Datum: AGD66, new edition WGS84; AHD. Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Paper, flat copies only.

Tags: 50K scale, AU-WA, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
April-RB Detailed Gravity Survey, NT (P199312), gravity point data

Gravity data measures small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
 This April-RB Detailed Gravity Survey, NT (P199312) contains a total of 167 point data values acquired at a spacing between 100 and 500 metres. The data is located in NT and were acquired in 1993, under project No. 199312 for None.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, NT, Published_External, geophysical survey, geophysics, gravity, ground digital data, point, point located data, survey 199312
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geology of the South Sepik region, New Guinea

The northern fall of the Central Range, the largest unexplored area in New Guinea (Fig. 1), separates the swampy Sepik Plain in the north from the high dissected plateau forming the backbone of New Guinea to the south. The whole region is rugged and covered by tropical rain forest; it is almost uninhabited, and as there are few tracks, the long meandering southern tributaries of the Sepik River provide the only practicable access.  The South Sepik region occupies a small segment of the fundamental break separating the stable Australian continental block from the oceanic crust to the north. This break, which is marked in the South Sepik region by the Lagaip Fault Zone, has had a profound effect on sedimentation in the region throughout the geological record: shelf-type sediments were laid down on the continental block, while geosynclinal sediments were being deposited to the north. The oldest rocks are Middle and Upper Triassic in age and include a widespread and distinctive volcanic unit called the Kana Volcanics. They are succeeded unconformably by a thick sequence of black pyritic shale (Lagaip Beds), which was laid down south of the Lagaip Fault Zone during the Jurassic and Cretaceous.

Tags: AU-QLD, Bulletin, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The palaeogeography of the Bass Strait land-bridge, a vital zone of human and biological connectivity across southeastern Australia

Land-bridges are key regions of human connectivity, yet how geography affected peoples' movement during flooding is poorly understood. Bass Strait is one of the most important land-bridges in Australasia, separating Lutruwita/Tasmania from the mainland of Australia. The land-bridge forms a key part of Country among the region's First Peoples, with people able to move across the clan estates and residential places of the exposed Bass Strait by foot until its flooding after the Last Ice Age. In this study, we utilise high-resolution bathymetry to understand landscape change during sea-level rise. We find that rates of shoreline transgression can exceed 30&nbsp;m/yr, signalling that 15 km of land would have been drowned in a persons lifetime. This rapid rate of change is within a person's life-span and would have profoundly affected individuals as they resided in and travelled across Country. We also find that people first crossed the land-bridge very soon after its exposure during climate cooling events. The analysis provides a benchmark for understanding land-bridge flooding and in turn its impact on human migrations.
Citation: David M. Kennedy, Ali Jalali, Bruno David, Matthew C. McDowell, Rachel A. Nanson, Ashleigh J. Rogers, Russell Mullett, Joanna Fresløv, Jessie Birkett-Rees, Juliet Sefton, Daniel Ierodiaconou, The palaeogeography of the Bass Strait land-bridge, a vital zone of human and biological connectivity across southeastern Australia, Quaternary Science Reviews, Volume 369, 2025, 109606, ISSN 0277-3791,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109606.

Tags: First Nations, Geomorphology and earth surface processes, Physiography, Published_External, Sea Level, marine geomorphology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geochemical map of Australia (First Edition) - Sr (strontium) series

Map(s) of Sr (strontium) concentration (Total content, Aqua Regia soluble content, and/or Mobile Metal Ion soluble content) in Top Outlet Sediment (TOS) and/or Bottom Outlet Sediment (BOS) samples, dry-sieved to &lt;2 mm and/or &lt;75 um grain size fractions. Source: The Geochemical Atlas of Australia (Caritat and Cooper, 2011)

Tags: AU, Earth Sciences, Geoscience, Published_External, Thematic Map, geochemistry, mapping, regolith
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Improved Assessment of Flood Impact: An Urban Stormwater Case Study of a City of Sydney Catchment

The flood risk in many urban catchments is poorly understood. Legacy stormwater infrastructure is often substandard and anticipated climate change induced sea level rise and increased rainfall intensity will typically exacerbate present risk. In a Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency (DCCEE) funded collaboration between Geoscience Australia (GA) and the City of Sydney, the impacts on the Alexandra Canal catchment in the City of Sydney local government area have been studied. This work has built upon detailed flood hazard analyses by Cardno Pty Ltd commissioned by the City of Sydney and has entailed the development of exposure and vulnerability information. Significantly, the case study has highlighted the value of robust exposure attributes and vulnerability models in the development of flood risk knowledge.
The paper describes how vulnerability knowledge developed following the 2011 Brisbane floods is extended to include key building types found in the inner suburb of Sydney. It also describes the systematic field capture of building exposure information in the catchment area and its categorisation into 19 generic building types. The assessment of ground floor heights from street view imagery using the Field Data Analysis Tool (FiDAT) developed at Geoscience Australia is also presented.
The selected hazard scenario was a 100 year Annual Recurrence Interval (ARI) event with 20% increased rainfall intensity accompanied by a 0.55m sea level rise in Botany Bay into which the stormwater infrastructure discharges. The impact from the selected scenario was assessed in terms of monetary loss for four combinations. The combinations consist of two vulnerability model suites (GA and NSW Government) and two floor height attribution methods (assumed 0.15m uniformly and evaluated from street view imagery).
It was observed that the total loss is higher in the case of assumed floor heights compared to FiDAT processed floor heights as the former failed to capture increased floor heights for newer construction. However, the loss is lower when only two vulnerability models developed by NSW Government are applied for the entire building stock in the region as two models produced a coarser modelling of the variety in the whole building stock.
Abstract &amp; Poster presented at Floodplain Management Association National Conference 2013:
http://www.floodplainconference.com/papers2013.php

Tags: Conference Paper, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data