AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) Sidescan Sonar Data - Caswell Sub-basin, Browse Basin Marine Survey (GA0345/GA0346/TAN1411)

Geoscience Australia (GA) conducted a marine survey (GA0345/GA0346/TAN1411) of the north-eastern Browse Basin (Caswell Sub-basin) between 9 October and 9 November 2014 to acquire seabed and shallow geological information to support an assessment of the CO2 storage potential of the basin. The survey, undertaken as part of the Department of Industry and Science's National CO2 Infrastructure Plan (NCIP), aimed to identify and characterise indicators of natural hydrocarbon or fluid seepage that may indicate compromised seal integrity in the region. 
The survey was conducted in three legs aboard the New Zealand research vessel RV Tangaroa, and included scientists and technical staff from GA, the NZ National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd. (NIWA) and Fugro Survey Pty Ltd. Shipboard data (survey ID GA0345) collected included multibeam sonar bathymetry and backscatter over 12 areas (A1, A2, A3, A4, A6b, A7, A8, B1, C1, C2b, F1, M1) totalling 455 km2 in water depths ranging from 90 - 430 m, and 611 km of sub-bottom profile lines. Seabed samples were collected from 48 stations and included 99 Smith-McIntyre grabs and 41 piston cores. An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) (survey ID GA0346) collected higher-resolution multibeam sonar bathymetry and backscatter data, totalling 7.7 km2, along with 71 line km of side scan sonar, underwater camera and sub-bottom profile data. Twenty two Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) missions collected 31 hours of underwater video, 657 still images, eight grabs and one core.
This catalogue entry refers to high and low frequencey sidescan sonar data collected using an Edgetech FS (120 kHz  410 kHz) system mounted to the AUV (GA0346) operating using the following parameters:
* High Frequency SSS  Trigger : 5 Hz; Pulse type: 0 : 390 kHz to 430 kHz; 2 ms (82 m range); Transmit Power: 100%
* Low Frequency SSS  Trigger coupled with SSS High (5 Hz); Pulse type: 0 : 98 kHz to 111 kHz; 9 ms (158 m range); Transmit Power: 100%

Tags: EEZ, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Raw Field Data
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Estimating global shelf sediment mobility due to swell waves

Global climate models, such as those produced at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, generate data that are relevant to the study of marine sedimentary processes. We used estimates of significant wave height and period, derived from an European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Global climate models, to predict for the first time the area of continental shelves over which sediment is mobilised.

Tags: Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Dundas metalliferous geophysical surveys, Tasmania 1960

Geophysical surveys were made in three adjoining areas -the Razorback, Grand Prize and Intermediate areas - in the Dundas Mineral Field near Zeehan, Tasmania. The aim of the surveys was to assist in the search for tin, which in this region occurs in association with sulphides. Electromagnetic, self-potential (S -P.) and magnetic methods were used.

Tags: AU-TAS, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geophysics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Recalibrating Australian Triassic palynostratigraphy to the international geologic timescale using high resolution CA-IDTIMS dating.

The Triassic is an important interval for Australian petroleum exploration, with Middle to Upper Triassic Mungaroo Formation reservoirs in the Northern Carnarvon Basin, and recent Lower Triassic discoveries in the Roebuck Basin. The chronostratigraphic understanding of Triassic petroleum systems is underpinned by biostratigraphic dating using palynological zonations. The numerical ages of these zones are usually assigned through inference and interpolation, often via tenuous correlations to the international geologic timescale using scattered marine biota, (primarily foraminifera, and rare ammonites, conodonts and/or dinoflagellates). In contrast, we tie Australian biozones to the timescale through Chemical Abrasion-Isotope Dilution Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (CA-IDTIMS) dating of interbedded volcanic tuffs. Such ashfalls are reasonably common in Australian basins, and can provide high-precision CA-IDTIMS ages if they contain magmatic zircons. We recently recalibrated Australian middle and late Permian palynozones using this approach and preliminary results suggest that Triassic biozone ages are likewise in need of considerable revision We have targeted Triassic tuffs across Queensland, (Tarong beds, Brisbane Tuff, Moolayember Formation, Rewan Group), New South Wales (Garie Formation, Coal Cliff Sandstone, Milligan Road Formation), and Tasmania (upper Triassic coal measures) to provide numerical ages for palynozones. Additional dates in New Zealand (Murihiku Supergroup) and Timor-Leste (Wailuli Formation) will allow international correlation of dinocyst and spore-pollen zones. Numerical constraints for Triassic biozone boundaries facilitate correlation of Australian biozones with the international geologic timescale. This can impact burial history models used in petroleum exploration anywhere these biozones are used, often far beyond the basins from which the samples were collected.

Tags: Biostratigraphy, Earth Sciences, Published_External, geochronology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The Queensland Plateau

The Queensland Plateau, a large fragment of Australian continental crust lying more than 1000m below sea level off northern Queensland, was covered by extensive marine geophysical traversing in 1971 and tested by stratigraphic drilling in the same year. This Bulletin presents the results of stratigraphic mapping of the Plateau using the acoustic stratigraphy available from seismic reflection profiling tied to the drill site. The sedimentary and structural history of the Plateau is deduced and compared with generalised models of rift-margin evolution; considerable departure from the 'norm' is demonstrated.

Tags: AU-QLD, Bulletin, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, geology, marine, marine survey
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
A Review of Spatial Interpolation Methods for Environmental Scientists

This review aims to provide some guidelines and suggestions in relation to the application of the methods to environmental data by comparing the features of the commonly applied methods that fall into three categories, namely: non-geostatistical interpolators, geostatistical interpolators and combined methods. Commonly used assessment measures are summarised and the criteria used to judge each measurement are also discussed. Two new measurements are proposed and a procedure is developed to compare the performance of the methods for different variables and from various disciplines. A total of 51 comparative studies on the performance of various methods in environmental sciences are summarised. The performance of 62 methods and sub-methods in the 51 comparative studies is compared. Several factors that affect the performance are discussed, including sampling design, sample spatial distribution, data quality, correlation between primary and secondary variable, and interaction among various factors. The impacts of sample density, variation in the data, sampling design and stratification on the estimations of the methods are quantified using data from 77 cases. A total of 26 methods are then classified based on their features to provide an overview of relationships among these methods. These features are quantified and a cluster analysis is conducted to show similarities among these spatial interpolators. A decision tree for selecting an appropriate method from these 26 methods is developed based on data availability and nature. Finally, a list of software packages for spatial interpolation is provided. Some important factors for spatial interpolation in marine environmental science are discussed, and recommendations are made for applying the methods to marine environmental data.

Tags: AU-EEZ, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geoscience, mapping, marine, seabed
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
An attempt to measure the non-potential field 1959

An attempt was made to measure directly the line integral of the geomagnetic field around a closed circuit with an area of 3620km2. The intensity and direction of the horizontal component of the magnetic field were measured at 146 sites spread around the circuit, which was located near Carnarvon (Western Australia), where local irregularities due to crustal magnetism are small. The result is not significantly different from zero, but the uncertainty is larger than the average magnitude of curl B over the Earth, according to the recent world magnetic charts

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, mineral exploration
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Benthic environments of the Lord Howe Rise submarine plateau: Introduction to the special volume

The Australian exclusive economic zone (EEZ) contains1.6 million km2 of submarine plateaus, equal to about 13.8% of the world's known inventory of these features.  This disproportionate occurrence of plateaus presents Australia with an increased global responsibility to understand and protect the benthic habitats and associated ecosystems.  This special volume presents the results of two major marine surveys carried out on the Lord Howe Rise plateau during 2003 and 2007, during which benthic biological and geological samples, underwater photographs, video and multibean sonar bathymetry data were collected.  The benthic habitats present on Lord Howe Rise include hard/rocky substrates covering a small area of volcanic peaks (around 31 km2) and parts of other larger seamounts (eg. the Lord Howe Island  seamount) which support rich and abundant epifaunal assemblages dominated by suspension feeding invertebrates.  These habitats appear to qualify as ecologically and biologically significant areas under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) scientific selection criterion 1 (uniqueness or rarity), 4 (vulnerability, fragility, sensitivity or slow recovery) and 7 (naturalness).  The collection of papers included in this special volume represents a major advance in knowledge about benthic habitats of the Lord Howe Rise, but also about the ecology of plateaus in general.

Tags: AU-EEZ, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, bathymetry, environmental, geomorphology, marine, seabed
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The stratigraphy of the Tertiary marine rocks in Gippsland, Victoria

This Bulletin presents the results of detailed studies of the Tertiary marine sequence in Gippsland, Victoria.  Most of the information used in it has been obtained as a result of scout drilling jointly by the Victorian and Commonwealth Governments and of wildcat drilling by private companies.  Though primarily a detailed study of a local problem, the results cannot frail to have an important bearing on the stratigraphy of the Tertiary rocks in the Australasian region and this in turn will facilitate the study of problems involving palaeogeography and correlation with extra Australian areas.  The results will also have an important bearing on a major economic problem the search for oil in Australia.

Tags: AU-VIC, Bulletin, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, marine, stratigraphy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AGSO Cruise Report: Cruise 210 : The "Sojourn 7" Swath-mapping Cruise of R.V. Melville off Eastern Tasmania and in the Gippsland Basin

From 10 to 17 April 1997, the Australian Geological Survey Organisation (AGSO) chartered the 85 m Research Vessel Melville from Scripps Institution of Oceanography on a cooperative scientific basis, to map the sea bed east and northeast of Tasmania including the deep water part of the Gippsland Basin. The vessel was equipped with the SeaBeam 2000 multibeam sonar system, capable of swath-mapping the morphology and roughness of the sea bed in a swath 3.5 times as wide as the water depth. The central beam gave a 12 kHz bathymetric profile. Other equipment employed included a magnetometer and gravity meter. Navigation, by military standard GPS using the P code, had an accuracy of about 5 m. Detailed ship's tracks for the survey, from south to north, are shown in Figures 2-5.

The aims of the cruise were to determine the morphology and sea bed character of selected areas, to aid in tectonic, basin and sedimentological studies, to aid the fishing industry, and to provide critical information for future seismic profiling and geological sampling. Satellite gravity images, and sparse bathymetric and seismic profiles, were used to plan the survey.

Tags: AU-TAS, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, marine, marine survey, seismics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The Australian Coast - Teacher notes and student activities

Explore important concepts about the Australian coastline using this comprehensive teaching resource. Includes sections on formation of coasts, erosion, estuaries and deltas, reefs and human impact on coasts. Also contains Australian case studies. This 103 page colour booklet is suitable for use by primary and high school teachers. Student activities include suggested answers.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
2008 National Data Elevation Audit, The Shared Digital Representation of Australia's Landform and Seabed

National Elevation Data Audit is a report outlining all elevation data available across all Australian jurisdictions which was identified by the Intergovernment Committee on Surveying and Mapping's (ICSM) Permanent Committee on Topographic Information (PCTI).

Tags: DEM, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Report, data, digital elevation data, information management, marine, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Chemical, Biological and Hydrological Controls on the 14C Content of Cold Seep Carbonate Crusts: Numerical Modelling and Implications for Convection at Cold Seeps

Understanding the hydrology of cold seep environments is crucial to perform accurate estimates of fluid and chemical fluxes at sedimentary wedges. Shallow convection processes may affect fluid flux estimates and could favor the destabilization of gas hydrate accumulations, increasing the sediment-ocean methane flux. Evidence for the occurrence of convection at cold seeps, however, is still limited. We use the concentration of 14C (D14C) in carbonate crusts formed at cold seeps of the eastern Mediterranean Sea as a tracer for convective recirculation of seawater-derived fluids. A numerical model is applied to investigate the controls on 14C incorporation in cold seep carbonates. Our simulations show that increased amounts of CH4 in the expelled fluids result in elevated crust D14C, while high Ca2+ and HCO3 concentrations produce the opposite effect. Convection is the only transport process that can significantly increase crust D14C. Advection, bioirrigation, eddy diffusion and bioturbation instead, have little effect on, or produce a decrease of, crust D14C. In addition, the presence of old or modern carbon (MC) in host sediments prior to cementation and the 14C-decay associated to the time needed to form the crust contribute in defining the D14C of carbonate crusts. We then use the model to reproduce the 14C content of the eastern Mediterranean Sea crusts to constrain the chemical and hydrological conditions that led to their formation. Some crusts contain relatively low amounts of 14C (-945.0

Tags: Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, fluid flow drivers, geochemistry, marine, volcanology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Forster (Cape Hawke to Black Head), NSW Bathymetry Acquisition (20190018S)

The Forster, Cape Hawke to Black Head, bathymetry survey was acquired by the NSW government (Department of Planning and Environment – DPE) onboard the RV Bombora during the period 27 Feb 2019 – 14 Oct 2020, using DPE’s R2Sonic 2022 multibeam sonar. The survey was completed as part of the SeabedNSW program funded by NSW government through Coastal Reforms (&gt;2015), HabMap Program funded through Marine Parks Authority (now under Marine Estate Management Authority) or through collaborations with partner agencies or institutions. The purpose of the project was to 1) provide a baseline dataset and 2) map the spatial distribution of seabed types.  This dataset contains 32-bit floating point geotiff files of bathymetry and backscatter in 5m resolution for the study area, derived from the processed Hypack, R2Sonic GUI, POSView, POSPac, Qimera and FMGT software. General details on vessel setup, mobilisation and processing are provided at https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/-/media/OEH/Corporate-Site/Documents/Research/Our-science-and-research/seabed-nsw-standard-operating-procedures-multibeam-surveying-190101.pdf with survey specific details in the Survey Report and DPIE Rigor Statement (can be provided upon request).

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth Science | Oceans | Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography | Bathymetry, HVC_144641, Oceans, Offshore Mapping, Published_External, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, bathymetric grids, bathymetry
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Daly Basin hydrogeological inventory

This Daly Basin dataset contains descriptive attribute information for the areas bounded by the relevant spatial groundwater feature in the associated Hydrogeology Index map. Descriptive topics are grouped into the following themes: Location and administration; Demographics; Physical geography; Surface water; Geology; Hydrogeology; Groundwater; Groundwater management and use; Environment; Land use and industry types; and Scientific stimulus.

The Daly Basin is a geological formation consisting of Cambrian to Ordovician carbonate and siliciclastic rocks, formed approximately 541 million to 470 million years ago. The basin stretches about 170 km in length and 30 km in width, shaped as a northwest elongated synform with gentle dips of less than 1 degree, likely due to prolonged sedimentary deposition in the shallow seas of the Centralian Superbasin, possibly along basin-scale faults.

The primary groundwater reservoir within the Daly Basin is found in the Cambrian Daly River Group. This group comprises three units: the Tindall Limestone, Jinduckin Formation, and Oolloo Dolostone. The Tindall Limestone, which lies at the base, consists of grey, mottled limestone with some maroon-green siltstone or dark grey mudstone. The transition from the Tindall Limestone to the overlying Jinduckin Formation is marked by a shift from limestone to more siliciclastic rocks, indicating a change from open-shelf marine to peri-tidal environments.

The Jinduckin Formation, situated above the Tindall Limestone, is composed of maroon-green dolomitic-siliciclastic siltstone with interbeds of dolomitic sandstone-siltstone, as well as dolostone and dolomitic quartz sandstone lenses. It gradually transitions into the carbonate-rich Oolloo Dolostone, with the highest finely laminated dolomitic sandstone-siltstone interbeds at the top of the Jinduckin Formation.

The Oolloo Dolostone, the uppermost unit of the Daly River Group, comprises two members: the well-bedded lower Briggs Member, consisting of fine- to medium-grained crystalline dolostone and dolomitic quartz sandstone, and the massive upper King Member.

Overlying the Daly River Group is the Ordovician Florina Formation, consisting of three carbonate intervals separated by two fine-grained, glauconite-bearing quartz sandstone units. The Florina Formation and the Daly River Group are covered unconformably by Cretaceous claystone and sandstone of the Carpentaria Basin, which extends over a significant portion of the Daly Basin.

Tags: Basin Analysis, EARTH SCIENCES, ECOLOGY, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, Environmental Management, Exploring for the Future, GEOLOGY, Groundwater, Hydrogeology, Land Use and Environmental Planning, National Groundwater Sytems, National Hydrogeological Inventory, PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOSCIENCE, Published_External, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy (incl. Biostratigraphy and Sequence Stratigraphy)
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Petrel Sub-basin Marine Survey (GA-0335 / SOL5463) (NLECI Program) - Ecology / Seabed underwater video footage and still images

The Petrel Sub-basin Marine Survey GA-0335 (SOL5463) was acquired by the RV Solander during May 2012 as part of the Commonwealth Government's National Low Emission Coal Initiative (NLECI). The survey was undertaken as a collaboration between the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) and GA. The purpose was to acquire geophysical and biophysical data on shallow (less then 100m water depth) seabed environments within two targeted areas in the Petrel Sub-basin to support investigation for CO2 storage potential in these areas.

Underwater video footage and still photographic images (12 megapixel resolution) from towed-video were acquired from 11 stations. The quality of imagery varies among transects and some still images were not of suitable quality for analysis. No still images are available for stations 2, 4 and 7 due to system malfunction. Video and still image files and associated parent folders are named by station number, gear code (CAM = underwater camera system) and then the deployment number. For example 'STN08CAM06' would represent a video transect from Station 08 that was the 6th video transect of the survey. Please note that the Ultra-short Baseline (USBL) acoustic tracking system used to track the towed-camera system failed early in the survey; hence geo-location of video transects and stills could only be linked to the R.V. Solander's ship navigation.

Tags: AU-NT, CO2 capture, HVC_144640, Marine Data, Marine Geoscience, Published_External, Sub bottom profiles, environmental, habitat, marine, marine survey
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Deakin University Apollo Marine Park Multibeam Sonar Survey 2020

<b>This record was superseded on 11/11/2022 with approval from Director, National Seabed Mapping as it has been superseded by eCat 147191</b>

Seabed mapping data collected using a Kongsberg 2040C multibeam sonar system aboard research vessel MVYolla including bathymetry (2 metre resolution), backscatter (1metre resolution),  watercolumn  and preliminary hard bottom classification. Seabed mapping in Apollo Marine Park with 114 square kilometres of continuous seabed mapping  conducted by Deakin University in partnership with iXblue for Parks Australia.

Tags: AusSeabed, Bathymetry, HVC_144641, Multibeam Sonar, Published_External, Seabed
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Logan River 953M and 996M, and Burnett Creek 149M dam sites seismic refraction surveys, Queensland 1959

This Record describes seismic refraction surveys made by the Bureau of Mineral Resources at three dam sites near Rathdowney in southern Queensland. These sites are being considered by the Irrigation and Water Supply Commission of Queensland for the development of the Logan River valley.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, seismics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data