AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
IMOS - AusCPR: Biomass Index (mg/m3)

The Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder (AusCPR) survey is a joint project between CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (O&amp;A) and the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) to measure plankton communities as a guide to the health of Australia's oceans. The biomass is analysed from the same segment from which the zooplankton is analysed. All the plankton is washed onto a pre-weighed filter. This is left in an oven at 60 degrees C for 24-48 hours.  It is reweighed to give the dry weight. It is advised that anyone using the data should contact the project contact person. The aims of the AusCPR survey are to: * map plankton biodiversity and distribution * develop the first long-term plankton baseline for Australian waters * document plankton changes in response to climate change * provide indices for fisheries management * detect harmful algal blooms * validate satellite remote sensing * initialise and test ecosystem models.  Servicing and maintenance of the CPRs and analysis of the samples for the AusCPR survey will be carried out by staff based at the O&amp;A CSIRO laboratories in Queensland and Hobart and at the AAD in Hobart. The project was funded by the Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) and falls with the Ships of Opportunity facility. Data storage and access is planned to be interoperable with other national and international programs through the IMOS Infrastructure. Results from the AusCPR survey are available through the AODN portal: https://portal.aodn.org.au. This data is freely available but please acknowledge all relevant parties, as detailed in acknowledgement section. Additional information for this dataset may be available via the original MarLIN metadata entry: https://marlin.csiro.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/c1344979-f702-0916-e044-00144f7bc0f4.

This dataset has been superseded by the "IMOS - Zooplankton Abundance and Biomass Index (CPR)" collection that is available at https://catalogue-imos.aodn.org.au/geonetwork/srv/api/records/bf287dfe-9ce4-4969-9c59-51c39ea4d011 (this collection was removed from the AODN Portal in March 2022).

Tags: Australian Plankton Survey Sub-Facility, Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS)
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Sedimentary cycles in the Surat Basin and global changes of sea level

Six sedimentary cycles, each hundreds of metres thick, have been recognised in the Surat Basin. The Jurassic cycles (nos. 1-4) typically started with high-energy deposition of coarse sediments, and ended with labile sand, silt, and mud. The environments are thought to have been braided streams, followed by meandering streams, swamps, lakes, and deltas. After a period of non-deposition or erosion, followed by a phase of high-energy deposition, the first Cretaceous cycle (no. 5) ended with marine mud; the second (cycle 6) started with paralic silt and sand and ended with shallow marine silt. The cycles are thought to be the result of global sea-level changes, characterised by rapid falls of sea level followed by slow rises, which, respectively, lowered and raised the base of erosion in the Surat Basin. During the Jurassic, the open sea lay several hundred kilometres to the east, and the sea only occasionally entered the basin, via the Brisbane and Toowoomba Straits. In the Cretaceous, the sea level was relatively higher and eustatic falls and rises of sea level led to alternating marine regressions and transgressions. The six Surat Basin cycles correspond in time to nine global sea-level oscillations. We think that some of the latter may have been too slight to be identified in the basin. There is also evidence that local isostatic movements may have exaggerated the impact of some global cycles and obscured that of others.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, NSW, Published_External, QLD, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Seismic Stratigraphy and Sediment Distribution on the Wilkes Land and Terre Adelie Margins, East Antarctica

Seismic reflection data show the existence of two major sedimentary basins along the continental margin of Wilkes Land and Terre AdÃ©lie, East Antarctica, that contain more than 5 s TWT (&gt; 9 km) of sediments. Four seismic megasequences are identified (MS4 to MS1) that are bounded by: basement, unconformities of interpreted Turonian, Maastrichtian and early Middle Eocene age, and the seafloor. The 4-5 km thick rift and pre-rift sediments are concentrated in a margin-parallel basin (Sabrina Basin). On the basis of seismic correlation with the Australian margin, this basin is interpreted to be of Late Jurassic to mid-Cretaceous age. The post-rift sediments are generally thick along the margin and in the adjacent deep-ocean basin, but are particularly thick in a major depocentre off west Wilkes Land, named here the Budd Coast Basin (BCB). The BCB contains a maximum observed thickness of 5 s TWT (9 km) of post-rift sediments and its location suggests that the sediments were largely derived from a sub-glacial basin currently occupied by the Totten Glacier.

Tags: AQ, Antarctic data, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, geomorphology, marine, sedimentology, stratigraphy
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Northern Australian Marine Invertebrate Catalogue

Between 2009-2012, Geoscience Australia conducted three surveys to Joseph Bonaparte Gulf and the Timor Sea on the R.V. Solander, in collaboration with the Australian Institute of Science and the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory. The study areas overlapped the Oceanic Shoals Commonwealth Marine Reserve and the carbonate banks and terraces within it. The surveys were conducted as part of the Australian Government's Energy Security Program (2007-2011) and the National Environment Research Program (2011-2015).

On the surveys, a benthic sled was deployed to collect biological samples from the seafloor. Samples were sorted onboard according to phylum, photographed and then sent to taxonomists for species-level identifications.

This catalogue includes all onboard photographs taken from identified samples. Sponges were the only group of which all samples were identified, but they include high proportions of unnamed or undescribed species. The catalogue also includes taxonomic identification sheets so that users can cross-reference the species names and images with location and depth.

Tags: Earth Sciences, Multimedia, Published_External
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Large earthquake recurrence on the southern Willunga Fault, South Australia

The presence of Pliocene marine sediments in the Myponga and Meadows basins within the Mt Lofty Ranges south of Adelaide is testament to over 200&nbsp;m of tectonic uplift within the last 5 Myr (e.g., Sandiford 2003, Clark 2014). The spatiotemporal distribution of uplift amongst the various faults within the range and along the range fronts is poorly understood. Consequently, large uncertainties are associated with estimates of the hazard that the faults pose to proximal communities and infrastructure.

&nbsp;

We present the preliminary results of a paleoseismic investigation of the southern Willunga Fault, ~40 km south of Adelaide. Trenches were excavated across the fault to examine the relationships between fault planes and sedimentary strata. Evidence is preserved for 3-5 ground-rupturing earthquakes since the Middle to Late Pleistocene, with single event displacements of 0.5 – 1.7 m. Dating of samples will provide age constraints on the timing of these earthquakes. This most recent part of the uplift history may then be related to the longer-term landscape evolution evidenced by the uplifted basins, providing an enhanced understanding of the present-day seismic hazard.

This abstract was presented at the Australian &amp; NZ Geomorphology Group (ANZGG) Conference in Alice Springs 26-30 September 2022. 
https://www.anzgg.org/images/ANZGG_2022_First_circular_Final_V3.pdf

Tags: Earthquake activity, Published_External, Structural geology and tectonics, earthquake hazard, seismic hazard, tectonics
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
The Mesozoic strata of Mt. Young 1:250 000 sheet area

Lower Cretaceous strata of Mt. Young 1:250,000 sheet area, were examined during 1960 and 1961 field seasons. Numerous field observations of lithologies and their sequences, and collections of fossils followed by the identification of fossils, and the dating of strata provided material for this Record. Macrofossil marine assemblages contain over 40 species, most of them new. There are also plant remains.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geology
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Geomorphology and Stratigraphy of Keppel Bay, South-east Queensland, Australia

Keppel Bay is a large shallow coastal embayment adjacent to the mouth of the Fitzroy River, located on the central coast of Queensland. The geomorphology and distribution of sediment in Keppel Bay is complex due to the influence of Late Quaternary sea-level change, relict topography, a geologically diverse catchment, macrotidal hydrodynamic processes and flood events. 

Seabed morphology, sub-bottom profiles and sediment cores reveal the former path of the Fitzroy River across Keppel Bay and the continental shelf. The palaeo-Fitzroy River flowed west across the shelf to the north of Northwest Reef, a position on the shelf that is now under approximately 60 m of water. With the rise in sea level during the early Holocene, the mouth of the Fitzroy River retreated across the continental shelf and by the middle Holocene it was landwards of its present location, near Rockhampton. During the last few thousand years under a relatively stable sea level, much of the shallow inner region of Keppel Bay has been infilled and the coast has prograded several kilometres. Palaeochannels in the inner section of Keppel Bay have mostly been infilled with sediment, which mainly comprises muddy sand from the Fitzroy River. In the outer bay and on the shelf further west many relict channels have not been infilled with marine sediment indicating that the area is relatively starved of sediment. Sediments in outer Keppel Bay are dominantly relict fluvial deposits that are well sorted with only a minor mud component. Subaqueous dunes in the outer southeastern section of Keppel Bay and Centre Bank indicate that tidal currents and currents associated with the predominant southeasterly winds, appear to be transporting marine biogenic sediments and relict coarse terrigenous sediments into Keppel Bay.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, climate, coasts, continental shelf, depositional mechanisms, marine, seabed
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Development, Composition and Age of Indurated Sand Layers in the Late Quaternary Coastal Deposits of Northern Moreton Bay, Queensland

Indurated sand is commonly found in Quaternary coastal deposits in a range of temperate and tropical environments. These horizons can record past regionally significant phases of soil development. Also, their lower hydraulic conductivity can produce locally perched water tables and they have been regarded as a potential source of iron in coastal waterways. Samples were analysed from exposures in sand mine pits at Beachmere and in the bank of an estuarine channel at Bells Creek in southeast Queensland. In these samples cements coat grains and usually partially infill interstitial pores. Distinctive cement forms are produced by different constituents that are dominantly kaolinite, amorphous organic-rich complexes or a mix of clay and amorphous material. Trace metal concentrations in the cements are lower than previously reported for soils and modern estuarine sediments in the region. Large-scale exposures at Beachmere reveal that in addition to the podzolisation process, mineral and amorphous organic-rich cements also precipitate from groundwater that preferentially flows through the poorly sorted coarser sediments. OSL and TL ages for the deposits examined indicate that induration occurs over long periods of time, 100,000 ? 70,000 years. Only incipient induration has developed over the last 16,000 ? 2,600 years. The degree of induration, however, is not always proportional with age and is strongly influenced by the texture of the deposits, with gravely sands (OSL age 76,700 ?6,500 yr) exhibiting a greater degree of induration than an adjacent medium to coarse sand (98,000 ?9,900 yr).

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometry (FRRF) data collected on the RV L'Astrolabe from 21/10/2003 to 26/10/2003 (Hobart - Dumont d'Urville)

These data were collected on the RV L'Astrolabe (platform code: FHZI) from 21/10/2003 to 26/10/2003 on a trip from Hobart to Dumont d'Urville.

Maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), also called maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), has become one of the most widely utilized fluorescence parameters in phytoplankton research. It represents the potential photochemical efficiency, which is the probability that the light energy captured by the photosynthetic apparatus is being utilized as photochemistry. Fv/Fm has been shown to have an instant response to variations in physical and chemical properties and is interpreted as a diagnostic of the overall health or competence of phytoplankton. Together with the absorption cross section area of PSII and chlorophyll concentration, it can be used to measure primary production (Cheah et al. 2011, Deep Sea Research).

Seawater from 3 m depth was supplied continuously from the ship’s clean seawater line. FRR fluorescence yields were measured continuously at 1 minute intervals in dark-adapted state (! 15 minutes dark-adaptation) using a flash sequence consisting of a series of 100 subsaturation flashlets (1.1 μs flash duration and 2.8 μs interflash period) and a series of 20 relaxation flashlets (1.1 μs flash duration and 51.6 μs interflash period).

Tags: Continents | Antarctica, Countries | Australia, Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometer (FRRF), Global/Oceans | Southern Ocean, Instrument's photomultiplier electronic sensitivity (1-256), Latitude, Longitude, Maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), Minimum fluorescence in the light chamber of the FRRF (also used as a proxy for biomass), Oceans | Ocean Temperature | Sea Surface Temperature, Oceans | Salinity/density | Salinity, Photosynthesis, connectivity between PSII reaction centres under actinic light, functional absorption cross section of PSII (measure of the proportion of light harvested for photoc, maximum fluorescence in the light chamber of the FRRF, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II ( (FmL - FoL) / FmL), primary production, time constant of electron transport from PSII to PSI, variable fluorescence (FmL - FoL)
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Marine Sediments (MARS) Database

The MARine Sediment (MARS) database contains detailed information on seabed sediment characteristics for samples collected from Australia's marine jurisdiction, including the Australian Antarctic Territory. It is an important scientific resource that includes sediment properties from seabed and sub-seabed samples spanning coastal, continental shelf and deep sea locations. Analytical properties include grain size, carbonate content, mineralogy, geochemical properties and age determinations. MARS currently holds approximately 100,000 sample records and new data are being added as they become available.

Please contact us at ausseabed@ga.gov.au if you wish to contribute marine sediment data to the MARS database.

Tags: AU-EEZ, DC2020, Database, Earth Sciences, HVC_144639, National dataset, Oracle Database, Published_External, data, marine, marine survey, sedimentology
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
A geochemical characterisation of deep-sea floor sediments of the northern Lord Howe Rise

This study presents new information on the regional geochemical characteristics of deep-sea floor sediments (1300 - 2423 m water depth) on the Lord Howe Rise (deep-sea plateau) and Gifford Guyot (seamount/tablemount), remote areas off eastern Australia. The aim was to provide a coherent synthesis for a suite of geochemical data that can be used to make habitat inferences and to develop surrogates of biodiversity. Sediment characteristics analysed were mineralogy, organic carbon and nitrogen concentrations and isotopic compositions, and concentrations of major and trace elements. We also measured parameters that convey information about the reactivity of organic matter and on the bio-availability of bioactive trace elements (e.g. chlorin indices and acid-extractable elements). Surface sediments from the region were calcareous oozes that were carbon-lean (0.26Â±0.1%) and had moderate to high chlorin indices (0.62 - 0.97)..

Tags: AU-NSW, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, geochemistry, habitat, marine, marine biodiversity, marine survey
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
An extensive offshore sand bar field in the western Baltic Sea

In the breaker zone in southeastern Gelting Bay, east of Flensburg in north Germany, a field of up to 20 parallel relatively small-scale offshore sand bars has developed. The bars, ~lhich consist of fine to medium grained sand derived from till, are flat and asymmetrical and their steeper sides generally face the shore. Crests are as much as 1000 m long; Vlavelengths vary from 7 m inshore to 70 offshore, and heights correspondingly from 5 to 70 cm. The bars are fonned by waves driven by northwesterly tvinds, and are probably destroyed during severe storms and rebuilt as they wane.

Tags: DE, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
AHO Reference Surfaces Adelaide 1m 2023 (20230008R)

The Adelaide Reference Surfaces bathymetry survey was acquired for the Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO) during the period 4 Sep 2020 – 16 Sep 2020. This surface was created from a contracted national reference survey in Gulf St Vincent SA, collected for the purpose of calibrating multibeam echosounders.&nbsp;It was conducted for the Australian Hydrographic Office as part of the Hydroscheme Industry Partnership Program, acquired using Kongsberg EM 2040 multibeam echosounder and Kongsberg EA440 singlebeam echosounder, and processed using Caris HIPS &amp; SIPS. Separate grids in 1m resolution are provided for the 2 surveyed sites within this survey area in MSL, LAT and Ellipsoid vertical datum. The dataset was then exported as a 1m resolution, 32 bit floating point GeoTIFF grid of the survey area.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth Science | Oceans | Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography | Bathymetry, HVC_144641, Multibeam, Oceans, Published_External, Singlebeam, bathymetric grids, bathymetry, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Palynology of the Cenomanian of Bathurst Island, Northern Territory, Australia

Bathurst Island lies north of Darwin, Northern Territory; it measures 2050 km2 Cenomanian marine argillaceous sediments are exposed in cliffs at the south coast, and were first reported and diagnosed to be of Cretaceous age by Daily in 1955. Molluscs collected from various outcrop localities were dated mid- to late Cenomanian by Wright in 1963. Gravity and seismic refraction surveys by petroleum companies since 1956established the presence of a considerable rock sequence of Mesozoic age. Subsequent regional field work by the BMR concluded that the Cenomanian strata probably accumulated in a shallow sea bordered in the north by scattered land areas. Two wells, Bathurst Island Nos. I and 2, penetrated the rock sequence at the south coast of the island to a depth of slightly over 300 m, and were continuously cored. Examination of ammonites and foraminifera established the sequence as Cenomanian to possibly lower Turonian.Samples from 20 cores from these wells were selected for palynological study. The results are presented in this Bulletin. The spores and pollen grains are thought to have been shed by temperate vegetation. The spore-pollen sequence is divided into 2 intervals, palynological unit K3a, of Cenomanian age, and palynological unit K3b, of possibly early Turonian age. Dinoflagellate Zone. Two subdivisions are distinguished: a lower Subzone, ofCenomanian age, and an upper Subzone, of late Cenomanian to possibly early Turonian age. In the descriptive and taxonomic work of the microplankton by M. S. Norvick, 104 dinoflagellate cyst and 16acritarch species, varieties, and species groups are differentiated, belonging to a total of 61 previously known genera. Eight new species of dinoflagellate cysts are described: and In the systematic study of the spores and pollen grains by D. Burger, 40 spore species and 23 pollen species are described or documented. Two new genera, and 7 new species are proposed: and 1956 established

Tags: AU-NT, Bulletin, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
AMSIS Offshore Minerals Legacy WMS

The data contained in this service is not authoritative and has not been updated since 2006. This web service contains the legacy data found in the Australian Marine Spatial Information System (AMSIS) between 2006 and 2015, with a currency date of 2006. To honour the original licensing arrangements with the data holders, only the WMS is available. Users will need to contact the agency responsible for the data to check current validity and spatial precision.

Tags: AMSIS, Australia, Earth Sciences, Offshore Minerals, Published_External, WMS, legacy, web service
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Bathymetry of the Western Margin of Western Australia

Geoscience Australia is providing extensive advice, expertise and support to the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB). The ATSB is leading a seabed mapping and underwater search for missing Malaysia Airlines flight 370 in the southern Indian Ocean.

Bathymetry is the study and mapping of the sea floor. It involves obtaining measurements of the depth of the ocean and is equivalent to mapping on land. Before the underwater search for MH370 could begin, it was necessary to accurately map the sea floor to ensure that the search is undertaken safely and effectively. Bathymetry survey vessels spent months at sea, scanning the sea floor with multibeam sonar to gather detailed, high-resolution data. The data has revealed many seabed features for the first time. This computer-animated 'flythrough' shows a visualisation of some of the sea floor terrain in the search area.

Tags: Earth Sciences, Movie, Multimedia, Published_External, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Bathymetry Compilation for Proposed Marine Protected Areas in Eastern Antarctica Report

GA Record detailing the bathymetry compilation put together by Geoscience Australia in agreement with the Australian Antarctic Division. The dataset was used in support of Australia's contribution to the development of the Representative System of Marine Protected Areas (RSMPA) at the CCAMLR Workshop on Marine Protected Areas, held in Brest, France in August 2011.

Tags: AQ, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, bathymetry, marine, marine park
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network