AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Denman Marine Voyage (NUY2025-V03): Post-survey report

The Denman Marine Voyage (DMV) brought together researchers from the Australian Antarctic Program Partnership (AAPP – AAS4631, Chief Investigator Dr Laura Herraiz-Borreguero), the Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science (ACEAS – AAS4630, Chief Investigator Prof. Matthew King), Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future (SAEF – AAS4628, Chief Investigator Prof. Steven Chown), and the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD – AAS4636 and 4556 Chief Investigators Dr So Kawaguchi and Dr Leonie Suter), on a highly collaborative, multidisciplinary research voyage aboard RSV Nuyina to the Denman Glacier region and Shackleton Ice Shelf. The voyage was the first dedicated marine science voyage for RSV Nuyina and represented a significant milestone for the Australian Antarctic Program.

This voyage report provides information for the voyage including: 
- Voyage summary and itinerary 
- Weather conditions during DMV
- Participant list (science team, technicians, media team, medical team, ship crew)
- High level science objectives for each of the parties onboard (AAD, AAPP, ACEAS, SAEF)
- Individual reports for each scientific working group onboard (background, objectives, methods, report on activities, preliminary results (where relevant)), data management plans, acknowledgements, references)
- Media program
- ACEAS Outreach
- Appendix, with Supplementary Material to be separate to the main report.

Tags: Benthic Trawling, Denman Glacier, Denman Marine Voyage, Environmental DNA, Hydroacoustics, Hydrochemistry, Physical Oceanography, Rock Dredging, Seal Tagging, Shackleton Ice Shelf, Shackleton Polynya, Trace Metals and Isotopes
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
The Paleoproterozoic McArthur River (HYC) Pb/Zn/Ag deposit of northern Australia: Organic geochemistry and ore genesis

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in ore and mudstone within the McArthur River ore deposit show compound distributions similar to those of hydrothermally-generated petroleum in the Guaymas Basin and significantly different from those found in conventional oil (Chen et al., submitted).  PAH abundances and isomer distribution also reflect a temperature gradient between the source of mineralising fluids and the sediments fringing the ore system during ore formation.  Along with other geochemical, geological and mineralogical lines of evidence, these data provide strong evidence that the ore formed in a ?diagenetic? environment under marine conditions. Given that the McArthur River orebody is an exquisitely preserved example of a sediment-hosted base metal deposit, these results may be widely applicable.  Organic geochemistry can make significant contributions to understanding processes of ore deposition.   The distribution of PAHs suggests that they were generated at temperatures between 250-400?C (Simoneit, pers. comm 2001), in contrast to previous estimates of 150-250?C.  This has new and significant implications for ore formation and exploration models.  The higher temperature estimates for ore forming brines require a deeper metal source within the basin, and fluid volumes may have been lower because metal carrying capacity increases with temperature. Importantly, at higher temperatures hydrogen sulfide can be transported with the metal ions, indicating that evaporites are not required as a source of sulfur.  The McArthur deposit is also a rich repository of paleobiological information, allowing studies of the microbiology of ore formation and the paleobiology of an ancient hydrothermal system (Logan et al., 2001).


Chen J., Walter M.R., Logan G.A., Hinman M.C. and Summons R.E. (submitted) Geology


Logan G.A., Hinman M.C., Walter M.R. and Summons R.E. (2001) Geochim.Cosmochim. Acta 65, 2317-2336.

Tags: Abstract, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, geochemistry
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Arafura Marine Park survey - backscatter (SOL7491/GA0366)

This resource includes backscatter data for Arafura Marine Park (Arafura Sea) collected by Geoscience Australia (GA) and the Australian Institute of Marine Science during the period 2 – 15 November 2020 on the RV Solander. The survey was undertaken as a collaborative project funded through the National Environmental Science Program Marine Biodiversity Hub, with co-investment by GA and AIMS. The purpose of the project was to build baseline information for benthic habitats in Arafura Marine Park that will support ongoing environmental monitoring within the North Marine Park Network as part of the 10-year management plan (2018-2028). Data acquisition for the project included multibeam bathymetry and backscatter for two areas (Money Shoal and Pillar Bank), seabed samples and underwater imagery of benthic communities and demersal fish. This backscatter dataset contains two 32-bit geotiff files of the backscatter mosaic for two survey areas produced from the processed EM2040C Dual Head system using the CMST-GA MB Process v15.04.04.0 (x64) toolbox software co-developed by the Centre for Marine Science and Technology at Curtin University and Geoscience Australia. A detailed report on the survey is provided in: Picard, K. Stowar, M., Roberts, N., Siwabessy, J., Abdul Wahab, M.A., Galaiduk, R., Miller, K., Nichol, S. 2021. Arafura Marine Park Post Survey Report. Report to the National Environmental Science Program, Marine Biodiversity Hub (https://www.nespmarine.edu.au/node/4505).

Tags: AusSeabed, Backscatter, Backscatter grids, EARTH SCIENCES, Marine, Multibeam, Published_External
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Identifying multiple sources of petroleum fluids in Browse Basin accumulations using semi-volatile compounds

Hydrocarbon fluid correlation studies often rely on compounds that are source-specific, but only represent a minor fraction of the bulk fluid (e.g. steranes). The correlation in the present study utilises compounds that represent a significant proportion of the bulk fluid (semi-volatile aromatics (SVA)) and diamondoids. Comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS) was used to analyse diamondoids and SVA in whole oil/condensate samples from the Browse Basin, North West Shelf, Australia. Together with aromatic maturity ratios and the stable carbon isotopic composition for selected diamondoids and alkylbenzenes, these analyses demonstrate that numerous accumulations within the Browse Basin contain hydrocarbons from mixed sources. The diamondoid and SVA data provides further information on the current hydrocarbon fluid discrimination, which is primarily based on saturated biomarker compositions. Results of this study reveal a complex fill history by identifying the presence of a high maturity fluid(s) in the biodegraded accumulations on the Yampi Shelf, i.e. in the greater Cornea field and at Gwydion-1. This high maturity fluid is most likely derived from the Lower–Middle Jurassic Plover Formation (J10–J20 supersequences) in the greater Cornea area and, in the case of Gwydion-1, additional hydrocarbons may also be derived from the Upper Jurassic Vulcan Formation (J30–K10 supersequences). Other accumulations that comprise mixtures include Mimia-1 and Concerto-1 ST1 Deep, located to the north of the Ichthys field, and could represent charge from several Jurassic source rocks. The most mature fluids analysed in this basin are family II Plover-sourced and reservoired condensates from Kronos-1, Dinichthys North-1 and Gorgonichthys-1, as demonstrated by their elevated concentrations of the methyladamantanes and methyldiamantanes. The Dinichthys North-1 and Gorgonichthys-1 condensates also show a significant enrichment in the δ13C compound-specific values of the di-, tri- and tetra-methylbenzenes, whereas the Kronos-1 condensate does not, suggesting derivation from different source kitchens.

Citation: Gemma Spaak, Dianne S. Edwards, Emmanuelle Grosjean, Alan G. Scarlett, Nadege Rollet, Kliti Grice,
Identifying multiple sources of petroleum fluids in Browse Basin accumulations using diamondoids and semi-volatile aromatic compounds, Marine and Petroleum Geology, Volume 113, 2020, 104091, ISSN 0264-8172,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.104091.

Tags: Biomerkers, Browse Basin, EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Early Devonian thelodonts (Agnatha) from the Toko Syncline, western Queensland, and a review of other Australian discoveries

Thelodont scales recovered from the basal (calcareous) unit of the Cravens Peak Beds in the Georgina Basin, are referable to Turinia australiensis Gross, 1971, T. cf. pagei (Powrie, 1870), and Gampsolepis ? sp. undet. The thelodonts probably lived in a marginal marine environment (as evidenced from the associated ostracods and eridostracans) at about the same time as the placoderm Wuttagoonaspis sp. lived in the freshwater bodies, now represented by the sandstone and conglomerate facies of the Cravens Peak Beds. Scales of Turinia australiensis Gross, 1971, associated with Wuttagoonaspis plates, from the lower part of the Mulga Downs Group in the Cobar/Wilcannia area of New South Wales, are at least as young as late Early Devonian (Emsian), because they post-date the Pragian age of the underlying Amphitheatre Group. By correlation, those parts of the Cravens Peak Beds (Georgina Basin) and the Tandalgoo Red Beds (Canning Basin) that also contain Turinia australiensis are approximately coeval. After reaching Australia in Early Devonian time, the Turinia fauna began an adaptive radiation to give apparently younger (Middle Devonian) stocks that have survived longer in the Australian region than elsewhere, as the youngest known scales come from the Gneudna Formation (Iatest Givetian-earliest Frasnian) in the Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, QLD
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Linking patterns and processes on a tropical sediment-starved shelf: Insights from cluster analysis on physical and geochemical variables

Geoscience Australia undertook seabed mapping surveys in the eastern Bonaparte Gulf in 2009/2010 to deliver integrated information relevant to marine biodiversity conservation and offshore infrastructure development. The survey objectives were to characterise the physical, chemical and biological properties of the seabed, document potential geohazards and to identify unique or sensitive benthic habitats and collect baseline information on these habitats.  Different clustering methods were applied to a 124 sample dataset comprising 74 physical and geochemical variables which describe organic matter (OM) reactivity/quantity/source and geochemical processes relevant to biodiversity. Infauna data were used to assess different groupings because they are an important food source for epibenthic crustaceans and fish and purveyors of ecosystem services including nutrient cycling and mineralisation. Clusters based on physical/geochemical data discriminated infauna better than geomorphic features. Major variations amongst clusters included grainsize and a cross-shelf transition in from authigenic-Mn /As enrichments (inner shelf) to authigenic-P enrichment (outer shelf) which relate to energy levels and sediment oxygen status. Groups comprising raised features had the highest reactive OM concentrations (e.g. based on  low chlorin indices and C:N-ratios, and high k) and benthic algal -13C signatures. Surface area normalised OM concentrations higher than continental shelf norms were observed in association with: (i) low -15N, inferring Trichodesmium input; and (ii) pockmarks. The pockmarks are shown to impart bottom-up controls on seabed chemistry and cause inconsistencies between bulk and pigment OM pools. The geochemical data and clustering methods provide insight into ecosystem processes which influence biodiversity patterns in the region.  Low Shannon-Wiener diversity occurred in association with low porewater pH and evidence for low sediment redox status and high energy levels, while the highest beta-diversity was observed at euphotic depths. Pair-wise ANOSIM results for infauna are brought together in a summary model which highlights the influence of the clusters on beta diversity.

Abstract presented at GEOHAB 5-9 May 2014 Lorne, Australia

Tags: AU-NT, Earth Sciences, Published_Internal, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Biostratigraphy of Rig Seismic samples from Vening Meinesz seamounts, Christmas Island area, northeastern Indian Ocean

Samples from eight dredge hauls collected during BMR cruise 107 from several seamounts in the Vening Meinesz chain, south of Christmas Island, yielded calcareous nannofossils, foraminiferids, and fragmentary macrofossils with ages ranging from Late Cretaceous to Holocene.  Many samples are mixtures, suggestive of debris flows, and some contain lithologies of various ages.  The Late Cretaceous assemblages suggest shallow-water to upper bathyal depths.  The seamounts were built up rapidly by volcanism, probably commencing during the Albian or Santonian, continuing through the Campanian, by which time they had shoaled, and ceasing during the Maastrichtian. Atolls comprising mounds of shelly algal biostromes dominated by rudists and Inoceramus had formed by the Maastrichtian. The sea was warm at this time, when the area was at latitudes far south of those of today.  The Palaeogene assemblages suggest increasingly deeper depositional environments. The Paleocene is indirectly indicated by the presence of nannofloras of this age reworked into younger assemblages, but Eocene calcareous microfossils are well represented. Shallow-water assemblages (including large neritic benthic foraminifetids) are wide-spread in the late Early to early Middle Eocene samples, suggesting subtropical or tropical water temperatures.  The fresh volcanic content in some samples hints at the possibility of renewed volcanism during the Eocene.  The Oligocene is marked by pelagites containing nannofossils.  Most of the Neogene assemblages are Late Miocene or younger, although some Middle Miocene nannofloras were recovered. Depositional depths appear to have been bathyal during this time, an accompaniment to seamount sinking and crustal and subcrustal cooling.  Volcanism had ceased. Debris flows, however, continued to transport shallow-water sediments downslope. Holocene and present-day oozes mantle all previous deposits.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, WA, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
AGSO Cruise Report: Cruise 210 : The "Sojourn 7" Swath-mapping Cruise of R.V. Melville off Eastern Tasmania and in the Gippsland Basin

From 10 to 17 April 1997, the Australian Geological Survey Organisation (AGSO) chartered the 85 m Research Vessel Melville from Scripps Institution of Oceanography on a cooperative scientific basis, to map the sea bed east and northeast of Tasmania including the deep water part of the Gippsland Basin. The vessel was equipped with the SeaBeam 2000 multibeam sonar system, capable of swath-mapping the morphology and roughness of the sea bed in a swath 3.5 times as wide as the water depth. The central beam gave a 12 kHz bathymetric profile. Other equipment employed included a magnetometer and gravity meter. Navigation, by military standard GPS using the P code, had an accuracy of about 5 m. Detailed ship's tracks for the survey, from south to north, are shown in Figures 2-5.

The aims of the cruise were to determine the morphology and sea bed character of selected areas, to aid in tectonic, basin and sedimentological studies, to aid the fishing industry, and to provide critical information for future seismic profiling and geological sampling. Satellite gravity images, and sparse bathymetric and seismic profiles, were used to plan the survey.

Tags: AU-TAS, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, marine, marine survey, seismics
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Paleoseismology of the Akatore Fault, Otago, New Zealand

We present the results of a paleoseismic study of the Akatore Fault in the low seismicity region of Otago, New Zealand. Two trenches reveal at least three reverse fault ruptures that are constrained to have occurred between 13,314 B.C. and 680 A.D. (antepenultimate event), 737 and 960 A.D. (penultimate event) and 1047 and 1278 A.D. (most recent event), with a single-event displacement of 1.6–2.7 m. GPR profiles and sediment analyses show that a 125 ka marine terrace is likely also only displaced by these three events, suggesting these earthquakes have ended a minimum 110,000 year period of quiescence on the fault. The fault therefore appears to exhibit strong aperiodicity of earthquake occurrence, a characteristic previously suggested for the Akatore Fault and other well-studied Otago faults. Slip rate and recurrence interval for the current active period are 0.3–2.4 mm/yr and 670–5110 years respectively, and we suggest for seismic hazard assessments in nearby Dunedin it is prudent to assume that the high rates of recent earthquakes will continue into the immediate future on the Akatore Fault.

Tags: Akatore Fault, EARTH SCIENCES, OSL, OXCAL, Otago, Published_External, aperiodicity, paleoseismology
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Image Collection - RV Investigator Voyage IN2024_V05 - SEA-MES: Untangling the causes of change over 25 years in the southeast marine ecosystem - Voyage 3

This data set contains the imagery collected on the Marine National Facility (MNF) RV Investigator voyage IN2024_V05, titled "Multi-year: Untangling the causes of change over 25 years in the southeast marine ecosystem (SEA-MES Voyage 3)." The voyage took place between November 13, 2024 and December 12, 2024 (AEST), departing from Hobart and returning to Hobart, collecting imagery of benthic habitats together with oceanographic data.

Instrument(s) used to collect this data:
MNF Deep Towed camera (DTC)

Datasets include: 
Video (oblique forward view)
Stereo stills (oblique forward view)
Navigational data

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Seafloor Mapping of the South-east Region and Adjacent Waters - AUSTREA Final Report: Southern Macquarie Ridge

As part of the Australian Government South-east Regional Marine Plan, Geoscience Australia and the National Oceans Office collaborated through the AUSTREA marine survey to map and interpret the seafloor character over the southern Macquaire Ridge. Multibeam swath bathymetry and reflectivity, along with high-resolution seismic, reveal a complex morphology and sedimentation patterns largely influenced by plate processes and ocean-bottom current effects.

Tags: AU-WA, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, bathymetry, continental margins, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Capel and Faust Basins Marine Magnetic Data

Total magnetic intensity (TMI) data measures variations in the intensity of the Earth's magnetic field caused by the contrasting content of rock-forming minerals in the Earth crust. Magnetic anomalies can be either positive (field stronger than normal) or negative (field weaker) depending on the susceptibility of the rock. The data are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. These line dataset from the GA302 Capel and Faust Basins MSS survey were acquired in 2006 for Geoscience Australia. This survey acquired a range of pre-competitive geological and geophysical data that included seismic reflection, gravity, magnetic and swath bathymetry measurements, as well as seafloor dredge samples.

Tags: Capel and Faust, EARTH SCIENCES, GA302, GEOPHYSICS, Magnetism and Palaeomagnetism, Published_External, line, magnetic, marine, shipborne, vector
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Australian Estuaries and Coastal Waterways: A Guide to the Biogeochemistry of Sediments and Water

This is a joint product developed by GA and Skyring Environment Entetrprises. It is an animated CDROM developed specifically in Authoware software for state of the art visual presentation.

Tags: AU-EEZ, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, coasts, geochemistry, geoscience education, marine, remote sensing
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Tidal River 1:32,000 regolith-landform map CRC LEME

The Tidal River 1:32,000 regolith-landform map illustrates the distribution of regolith materials and the landforms on which they occur, described using the RTMAP scheme developed by Geoscience Australia

Tags: AU-VIC, Geological Map, Geology, Non-standard scale, Published_External, landforms, marine, regolith
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Lizard Island Depth From 24 Feb 2012

The 'Wireless Sensor Networks Facility' (formerly known as Facility for The Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems (FAIMMS)), part of the Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System project (GBROOS), is a facility of the Australian 'Integrated Marine Observing System' (IMOS) project. This data set was collected by the Great Barrier Reef Wireless Sensor Network.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Diatoms Control Nutrient Cycles in a Temperate, Wave-dominated Estuary (Southeast Australia)

Diatoms are important primary producers within pelagic, benthic end epiphytic communities and their siliceous frustule leads to rapid sinking to the sediment. As a consequence, diatoms play a critical role in nutrient and carbon cycles in shallow and deep water environments. In this study, benthic nutrient and gas fluxes, water column and sediment properties were studied in a coastal lagoon of south-eastern Australia to identify control mechanisms coupling benthic and pelagic processes, in particular, how nutrients become fractionated by processes affecting benthic nutrient fluxes. During late spring, the water column of St. Georges Basin was oligotrophic, primary production was likely P limited and the phytoplankton community was dominated by cyanophytes. Molar ratios of TCO2 : Si benthic fluxes, however, were equal to the molar composition of diatoms suggesting that diatoms preferentially sink and deliver the most labile organic matter fraction to the sediment. The congruent release of Si and C implies a coupling of processes mobilizing Si and C. It is argued that extracellular polymeric substances surrounding the silicious frustule are the primary labile organic matter fraction and their rate of mineralization limits the dissolution of the silicious frustule. As decomposing biomass in sediments lead to net N2-production and very efficient burial of P, the fate of diatoms significantly contribute to the removal of bioavailable nutrients. High DIN:DIP benthic flux ratios of 290 to 900 promote P limitation particularly in shallow water bodies with long water residence times.

Tags: AEM, AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, geochemistry, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Geophysical Surveys and Datasets WMS

This web service delivers the geographical extents and descriptive metadata of geophysical datasets from all surveys conducted or managed by Geoscience Australia and its predecessor agencies, as well as from State and Territory geological survey agencies. Datasets include gravity, magnetic, radiometric, and electromagnetic data, and elevation data collected during geophysical surveys.

Tags: Published_External, WMS, electromagnetic, elevation, gravity, magnetic, rediometric, survey, web service
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network