AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Krill Observational Mooring for Benthic Investigation (KOMBI) deployments - 2021-2022 Data

These are the 2021-2022 data collected from three KOMBI moorings deployed in the Southern Ocean.  See the related metadata records for data from other years.

Hydrophone data from the KOMBI moorings are available from other metadata records.

The KOMBI (Krill Observational Mooring for Benthic Investigations) seafloor landers are autonomous oceanographic platforms designed to collect high-resolution time-series data on krill species, non-krill species and their seafloor environment across a full year in the Antarctic. Each mooring integrates multiple sensors—such as temperature, salinity, pressure (CTD), video cameras, current profiles and acoustic backscatter—to support long-term ecosystem monitoring and process-based studies. KOMBI moorings are deployed to capture seasonal to interannual variability, improve understanding of pelagic habitat dynamics, and provide continuous observations that complement ship-based and remote-sensing programs. The time series is ongoing and data will be continuously added upon platform retrieval.

This dataset contains all data collected from Krill Observational Mooring for Benthic Investigations (KOMBI) seafloor lander platforms.

KOMBI platforms were left on the seafloor for one year at depths on the continental shelf and near the shelf break. The minimum depth of a mooring is 350m to avoid collision with icebergs and the maximum depth is 1500m. KOMBI dimensions are 1145 x 1145 x 1300 mm. Moorings are typically deployed in summer months from vessels and are left to collect data for one year (at least).

Active acoustic (ADCP and echosounder) data, passive acoustic data, CTD data and video camera footage are available from various instruments installed on the moorings. Active acoustic deployment files, compass calibrations and echosounder calibration files are included. Echosounders were calibrated in a 10,000L tank of temperature-controlled seawater at the Australian Antarctic Division in Kingston, using a 23mm tungsten carbide sphere and a paired Simrad EK80 333kHz echosounder to map the beam. Calibration raw data and code is included to produce Nortek SONAR equation CalibrationOffsetSv for each frequency. Calibration is only available for narrowband frequencies.

Data collection began in 2021 and is ongoing.

Tags: 4636, AAS 4636, ADCP > Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, AMD, AMD/AU, CEOS, CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA > Prydz Bay, CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES > ARTHROPODS > CRUSTACEANS > EUPHA, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN ACOUSTICS, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CIRCULATION > OCEAN CURRENTS > CURRENT PROFILES, ECHO SOUNDERS > ECHO SOUNDERS, GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR, KOMBI, LANDER, MOORINGS, OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN, OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN > EAST ANTARCTIC CONTINENTAL SHELF, OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN > KERGUELEN PLATEAU, VIDEO CAMERA > VIDEO CAMERA
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
ACCESS1-3 model output prepared for CMIP5 rcp45

rcp45 is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5
(http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated
climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for
assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5.

4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP4.5. RCP4.5 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 4.5 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. RCPs are time-dependent, consistent projections of emissions and concentrations of radiatively active gases and particles.

Experiment design: http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf
List of output variables: http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.pdf
Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format
Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository

Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax
(http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf)
as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble
member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Tags: 0399 - Other Chemical Sciences, 0401 - Atmospheric Sciences, 0405 - Oceanography, 0406 - Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Atmospheric Sciences, National Computational Infrastructure (NCI), Oceanography, Other Chemical Sciences (Environmental Chemistry), Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
RV Investigator Voyage IN2025_V06 EM2040 MKII Multibeam Echosounder Data

This record describes multibeam echosounder data collected on IN2025_V06, The Coral Sea Frontier which departed Brisbane on Friday 10 October 2025 and returned to Brisbane on Friday 14 November 2025.

The EM2040MK2 provides a 0.4 degree by 0.7 degree angular resolution. The echosounder's nominal frequency is 400 kHz (with a range of 200-700 kHz) and it operated in dual swath mode. 

Data are stored in .kmall raw format for bathymetry and backscatter and .kmwcd format for watercolumn backscatter at CSIRO. There are 49 files totalling 18.3 GB of raw data and 49 files totalling 100 GB of watercolumn data in this dataset. 

Sound velocity profiles were applied to this data during data acquisition. Bathymetry data contained in *.kmall format are corrected for motion and position. 

GPS tide was computed using the EGM2008 model and applied to the processed data. Processed data has had outliers removed. 

Additional information regarding this dataset, including further information on processing streams, is contained in the GSM data acquisition and processing report.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Marine Futures Project - Point Ann - biota

The Marine Futures Project was designed to benchmark the current status of key Western Australian marine ecosystems, based on an improved understanding of the relationship between marine habitats, biodiversity and our use of these values. Approximately 1,500 km2 of seafloor were mapped using hydroacoustics (Reson 8101 Multibeam), and expected benthic habitats "ground-truthed" using towed video transects and baited remote underwater video systems. Both sources of information were then combined in a spatial predictive modelling framework to produce fine-scale habitat maps showing the extent of substrate types, biotic formations, etc.

Surveys took place across 9 study areas, including Point Ann, a site which lies within the Fitzgerald Biosphere, a UNESCO designated International Biosphere Reserve and one of the largest and biologically significant National Parks in Australia (DEC) on West Australia’s south coast, approximately 180km east of Albany.

Tags: Biotic formations
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Habitat map of seagrass cover derived from a supervised moderate-spatial-resolution multi-spectral satellite image, integrated with manual delineation and coincident field data, Moreton Bay, 2011

A supervised classification was applied to a Landsat TM5 image. This image was acquired 9:40 am, on the 27th July 2011 (5.14 am low tide at Brisbane Bar). The image classification was applied on areas of clear waters up to three metres depth and for exposed regions of Moreton Bay. Field validation data was collected at 4797 survey sites by UQ. GPS referenced field data were used as training areas for the image classification process. For this training the substrate DN signatures were extracted from the Landsat 5 TM image for field survey locations of known substrate cover, enabling a characteristic "spectral reflectance signature" to be defined for each target. The Landsat TM image, containing only those pixels in water &lt; 3.0m deep, was then subject to minimum distance to means algorithm to group pixels with similar DN signatures (assumed to correspond to the different substrata). This process enabled each pixel to be assigned a label of either seagrass cover (0, 1-25 %, 25-50 %, 50-75 % and 75-100 %). The resulting raster data was then converted into a vector polygon file. Species information was added based on the field data and expert knowledge. Both polygon files were joined by overlaying features of remote sensing files with the EHMP field data to produce an output theme that contains the attributes and full extent of both themes. If polygons of remote sensing were within polygons of field data the assumption was made that the remote sensing polygon was showing more detail and the underlying field polygon was deleted.

Tags: Benthic habitat, Moreton Bay, Moreton Bay Marine Park, biota, ecology, estuarine, vegetation
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Parks Australia's Natural Values Ecosystems 2026 [DRAFT] (NESP MaC 4.20)

The Parks Australia Management Effectiveness (ME) system - previously MERI - is underpinned by a controlled, common language that provides a nationally consistent lexicon for a) Natural, cultural, and heritage values; (b) Social, cultural, and economic benefits; (c) Activities and anthropogenic pressures; and (d) Biophysical, and social and economic drivers.

The Natural Values component of the common language is defined at three levels: 1) ecosystem complexes; 2) ecosystems; and 3) ecosystem components. This map shows the Ecosystems (tier 2) component of the Natural Values, and delineates features by habitat and depth for the Australian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).

This version (2026) of the National Values Ecosystems dataset uses Geoscience Australia's 250m resolution AusBathyTopo 2024 grid as the basis for the map. The dataset is currently in draft format and may be updated at any time.

The 2026 update incorporates revised and improved input datasets that have become available since the previous release. Several classification rules were updated to align with these inputs, including the use of Seamap Australia National Benthic Habitat Layer data as the primary source for mapped seagrass and coral reef occurrence.

Note that this dataset uses a combination of input data sources and interpolates where data gaps exist. The common language adopts a functional, largely geo-physical perspective to define surrogates for marine ecosystems. This dataset is not a substitute for a validated habitat map (see Seamap Australia National Benthic Habitat Layer: https://metadata.imas.utas.edu.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/4739e4b0-4dba-4ec5-b658-02c09f27ab9a), but has a national coverage and provides valuable broad-scale categorisation of marine ecosystems in Australian waters.

See Hayes et al. 2021 and Dunstan et al. 2023 for a full definition of the Natural Values Ecosystem terms. See the 'lineage' section of this record for full processing notes.

Tags: MERI, Management Effectiveness (ME), National Environmental Science Program (NESP) Marine and Coastal Hub, Natural Values, monitoring priorities, research
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Antarctic Seafloor Annotated Imagery Database - Image annotations

This dataset contains image annotations for  21 Antarctic research campaigns between 1985 and 2019, recorded as part of the Antarctic Seafloor Annotated Imagery Database (AS-AID). This snapshot of the AS-AID annotations comprises of a total of 632,252 expert annotations. Annotations are based on the Collaborative and Automated Tools for Analysis of Marine Imagery (CATAMI) classification scheme and have been reviewed by experts. Three annotation sets exist for each campaign: point grid annotations of 108 points per image, bounding box annotations for mobile fauna, and bounding box annotations for select benthic species which are classified as Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem species.

All annotations are also accessible through Squidle+ by following this persistent link: https://squidle.org/geodata/explore/map?filters=%7B%22platform_ids%22%3A%5B%2222%22%5D%7D

This dataset can be used to investigate species distributions, community patterns, provide a reference to assess change through time, and can be used to train algorithms to automatically detect and annotate marine fauna.  

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Invertebrate biodiversity assessments in plots with transplanted seagrass (Amphibolis antarctica and Posidonia australis)

Biodiversity assessments of invertebrates within seagrass (Amphibolis antarctica and Posidonia australis) transplant plots, compared to adjacent bare sand and healthy meadows at Middle Bluff, Dubaut Point and Useless Loop, Shark Bay.

Tags: Amphibolis antarctica, Posidonia australis, biodiversity, seagrass, seagrass restoration
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Marine Futures Project - Southwest Capes - biota

The Marine Futures Project was designed to benchmark the current status of key Western Australian marine ecosystems, based on an improved understanding of the relationship between marine habitats, biodiversity and our use of these values. Approximately 1,500 km2 of seafloor were mapped using hydroacoustics (Reson 8101 Multibeam), and expected benthic habitats "ground-truthed" using towed video transects and baited remote underwater video systems. Both sources of information were then combined in a spatial predictive modelling framework to produce fine-scale habitat maps showing the extent of substrate types, biotic formations, etc.

Surveys took place across 9 study areas, including the Capes region of southwest Western Australia. The area is one of the most diverse temperate marine environments in Australia. Warm, tropical waters of the Leeuwin Current mingle with the cool waters of the Capes Current, resulting in high finfish diversity, including tropical and temperate species, as well as internationally significant seagrass diversity with meadows occurring at depths greater than 40 metres. The region's geomorphology is complex with an array of intertidal and subtidal reef environments. Many marine plants and animals are endemic to the southern coast of Australia due to its long geographical isolation, with seagrass, algae and estuarine habitats functioning as spawning, nursery and feeding grounds for a wide range of invertebrates and fish. Significant numbers of marine mammals also frequent the area, including the blue whale, the largest of all marine creatures.

Tags: Biotic formations
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Outplanted kelp survivorship

NESP Marine Biodiversity Hub Project E7. Results from the outplanting of lab-selected and cultivated warm-adapted genotypes of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera), at two trial restoration sites. A third restoration trial site had no surviving kelp, so those data were not included here.

Data and details from lab-selection experiments can be found in the associated dataset - "NESP Marine Hub Project E7 - Macrocystis pyrifera thermal tolerance testing" https://metadata.imas.utas.edu.au/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/0b91d7fd-7d29-452f-954a-78cf75151035

Tags: Macrocystis pyrifera, family-line of outplanted kelp, giant kelp, length of surviving sporophytes at most recent assessment (~175 days after outplanting), name of site where kelp were planted, unique code that identifies the plates/family-lines in the field.
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
NESP MaC Project 4.9 - Assessing the vulnerability of southern right whale and blue whale populations to disturbance from windfarm developments, 2024-2025 (UQ)

This record provides an overview of the NESP Marine and Coastal Hub Research Plan 2024 project "Assessing the vulnerability of southern right whale and blue whale populations to disturbance from windfarm developments". For specific data outputs from this project, please see child records associated with this metadata.

Offshore renewable energy (ORE) development is expanding in Australian waters. This includes regions that overlap with feeding and breeding areas for Endangered blue whales and southern right whales. Underwater noise from construction and operation of offshore wind infrastructure may affect whale behaviour, energetics and reproduction, requiring assessment of potential population-level consequences under the EPBC Act.

This desktop study used available data and expert elicitation to develop interim Population Consequences of Disturbance (iPCoD) models for blue whales and southern right whales in relation to one or multiple offshore wind developments off Portland and Gippsland, Victoria. The modelling followed a decision pathway that considered spatial and temporal overlap with whale populations, the proportion of populations affected, life stages and reproductive phases exposed, and the likelihood of repeated disturbance.

The models were used to assess the timing, location and potential cumulative effects of underwater noise at a regional scale. Outputs identified high-risk species and scenarios, priority data gaps, research needs, and mitigation requirements needed to reduce the likelihood of compromised population viability.

The iPCoD framework can be updated as new data become available and integrated with other modelling approaches. The framework is relevant for risk assessment against other ocean-based activities such as seismic surveys oil and gas infrastructure, and carbon capture and storage. The project outputs support offshore wind assessment and regulation, species recovery planning, and development of underwater noise guidance.

Outputs
• iPCoD model outputs [dataset]
• Final Project Report [written]

Tags: Balaenoptera musculus, Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda, Eubalaena australis, National Environmental Science Program (NESP) Marine and Coastal Hub, Offshore renewable energy (ORE), anthropogenic noise, pygmy blue whale, southern right whale, windfarm
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
RV Investigator Voyage IN2025_V06 EK80 Echosounder

This record describes scientific split-beam echosounder data collected on the RV Investigator voyage IN2025_V06, The Coral Sea Frontier which departed Brisbane on Friday 10 October 2025 and returned to Brisbane on Friday 14 November 2025.

The Simrad EK80 split beam echosounders for 18, 38, 70 120, 200 and 333 kHz were used to acquire acoustic backscatter data to a nominal range. All frequencies were logged for the extent of the voyage. The Data are stored in .raw, .bot and *.idx format at CSIRO. There are 4,528 files totalling 109 GB of raw data in this dataset.

Additional information regarding this dataset is contained in the GSM data acquisition and processing report. Additional data products may be available on request.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Supplementary geological datasets to Halpin et al. (2026) "Ediacaran-Cambrian high-strain melt-present deformation of the Archean Charcot Province, East Antarctica" in AGU Tectonics

Supporting geological data to accompany Halpin et al. "Ediacaran–Cambrian high-strain melt-present deformation of the Archean Charcot Province, East Antarctica” in review with AGU Tectonics. Includes tables of sample details, field observations, whole rock geochemical data, zircon U–Pb data, zircon Hf-isotope data and feldspar Pb–Pb data. These tables are uploaded separately in XLSX format. 

Abstract for "Ediacaran–Cambrian high-strain melt-present deformation of the Archean Charcot Province, East Antarctica” in review with AGU Tectonics:

The assembly of Gondwana involved several Pan-African orogens, although their extension into ice-covered Antarctica remains contentious. Particularly problematic is our understanding of the Kuunga orogenic system in East Antarctica, including its eroded architecture and temporal evolution. The remote Charcot Province, at the easternmost extent of the Antarctic Kuunga Orogen, presents a key opportunity to test recent tectonic models. Here we investigate the geological history of Alligator Island, a rarely visited exposure of the Charcot Province. Field relationships, petrography and zircon U–Pb–Hf geochronology indicate that the Alligator Island migmatitic gneisses originated from a Mesoarchean (c. 2.97–2.95 Ga) volcano-sedimentary package. Metamorphism during the Neoarchean (c. 2.76 Ga) was characterised by channelled melt migration. An apparent tectonic quiescence followed until the Ediacaran–Cambrian (580–540 Ma) when high-strain melt-present deformation led to pervasive migmatitic textures and tight folding. Zircon Hf isotopic signatures from anatectic 580–540 Ma grains indicate that melt was sourced from crust older than 3.0 Ga. Melt metasomatism affected whole rock chemistry and feldspar Pb–Pb compositions highlighting complex interactions within the crust. Correlations within the Charcot Province suggest that Alligator Island's Mesoarchean volcano-sedimentary package was deposited on a basement complex possibly represented by Paleo-Mesoarchean gneisses exposed 40–60 km to the east at Cape Charcot and Davis Peninsula. Overall our findings are consistent with a recent model in which Charcot Province rocks formed through gravitational spreading within the Kuunga orogenic system during Gondwana assembly, and enhance our understanding of the tectonic processes shaping East Antarctica.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Abundance and distribution of coastal, inshore zooplankton in the Huon Estuary and D'Entrecasteaux Channel, Tasmania: Sampling trip 06/09/2005

Mesozooplankton community composition and structure were examined throughout the D’Entrecasteaux Channel, Huon Estuary and North West Bay,  Tasmania, from November 2004 to October 2005, the data represented by this record was collected on the 06/09/2005.

The composition of the mesozooplankton community was typical of inshore, temperate marine habitats, with seasonally higher abundance in summer and autumn and lower numbers in winter and spring. Copepods were the largest contributors to total abundance across all seasons and stations, while cladocerans and appendicularians were proportionally abundant in spring and summer. The faecal pellets of these three main groups, along with those of krill and amphipods, also contributed significantly to material recovered from sediment traps. Meroplanktonic larvae of benthic animals showed short-term peaks in abundance and were often absent from the water column for long periods. Spatially, North West Bay and the Channel had a higher representation of typically marine species, including Calanus australis and Labidocera cervi, while truly estuarine species, such as the copepod Gladioferens pectinatus, were more important in the Huon Estuary.

Tags: Abundance, Grazing rates, Secondary productivity, Temperate Reef
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Tasmanian region daily sea surface temperature from observations and CMIP6 models

Data was collected and processed for the project: "Assessment and communication of risks to Tasmanian aquaculture and fisheries from marine heatwaves". Observational data is from NOAA OISST v2.1 (1982-2020), and model data is from 25 CMIP6 models over the historical period (from 1982-2014), with SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 extensions (out to 2100). Raw sea surface temperature data truncated to the Tasmanian region: 138-155E, 49-35S. Time-series of subdomain area averages are also provided, along with calendar corrections, mean-bias corrections, and seasonal bias corrections for the model data. 

Further details are provided in Kajtar, J.B. and Holbrook, N.J. (2021): "Future projections of marine heatwave hazards to aquaculture and fisheries in Tasmania", Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Australia. 36pp. ISBN: 978-1-922708-06-9. http://ecite.utas.edu.au/147866.

Tags: CMIP6, Daily, Marine Heatwaves, Sea surface temperature
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network