AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Changes in coral reef communities along a gradient of river discharge, Pohnpei, Micronesia

Change to coral communities along a gradient of increasing exposure to a mud-discharging river in the Enipein Catchment, Pohnpei, Micronesia were quantified by the two principal authors (PICRC) using video transects at 5 sites, each with 3 replicate stations. Site 1 was closest to the river mouth and Site 5 farthest away (just under 2 km).For each of 75 20 m transects, 200 sample points were generated by stopping the video every 2-3 s and identifying benthos under 5 fixed sample points on the screen (40 frames per transect). Cover was estimated for the benthos categories: abiotic substrata were recorded as carbonate (consolidated, including crustose coralline algae), mud (only used so thick no other substratum was visible), sand or rubble. Hard corals (scleractinia) were identified to the genus level where possible; corals in the Faviidae and Fungiidae were recorded to the family level; the three most abundant Porites taxa were recorded separately (massive Porites, Porites cylindrica, and Porites rus); unidentfied corals were grouped together - 24 species were identified. Other benthic groups recorded were: the calcareous green alga Halimeda, other macroalgae, soft corals, the calcareous hydrozoan Millepora, and sponges.
 To analyse in detail how, and at what scale, coral reef communities are affected by changes along a water quality gradient moving away from the mouth of a river in a small island setting.To contribute to understanding of coral reef communities and potential changes in response to increased terrestrial runoff.
 Corals identified: Acropora spp., Astreopora, Echinopora, Faviidae, Fungiidae, Galaxea, Goniopora, Hydnophora, massive Porites, Millepora, Montipora, Oxypora, Pachyseris spp., Pavona spp., Pectinia, Plerogyra, Pocillopora, Porites spp., Porites cylindrica, Porites foliose, Porites rus, Seriatopora, Stylophora, Symphyllia, Turbinaria spp.Lobophyllia, Echinophyllia

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Spatial distribution and morphology of the Halimeda bioherms of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Sediment derived from the decomposition of Halimeda algae is a major contributor to the tropical back-reef carbonate depositions. Halimeda bioherms occur extensively on the northern Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia. This dataset represents the most complete, high-resolution spatial mapping of the extent of northern GBR Halimeda bioherms, based on airborne lidar and multibeam echosounder bathymetry data. Three distinct morphological sub-types are described: reticulate, annulate, and undulate. The northern GBR bioherms cover an area of 6095 km2, three times larger than previous estimates.

Tags: Great Barrier Reef, Halimeda bioherm, northern Great Barrier Reef, reef
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Krill Fatty Acid Data

The fatty acid content and composition of the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba Dana, 1850 were investigated using samples collected by a commercial fishing vessel. This dataset allowed comparison between seasons, years (2013–2016), and different fishing locations. Quantities of omega 3 fatty acids 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 (mg/g dry mass; DM) were highest in autumn and decreased through winter to reach a spring low. Quantities of the flagellate marker 18:4n-3 and diatom marker 16:1n-7c were variable and did not display the same seasonal fluctuations. In summer, krill had high percentages (% total fatty acids) of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3, total PUFA, and low 18:1n-9c/18:1n-7c ratios, indicating a more herbivorous diet. Krill became more omnivorous from autumn to spring, indicated by increasing ratios of 18:1n-9c/18:1n-7c and percentages of Σ 20:1 + 22:1 isomers. Bacterial fatty acids (Σ C15 + C17 + C19 isomers) were minor components year-round (0.9–1.8 %). Seasonal levels of herbivory and omnivory differed between years, and levels of  specific fatty acid ratios differed between fishing locations. The fatty acid 18:4n-3 was a major driver of  variability in krill fatty acid composition, with no obvious seasonal driver. This is the first study to report krill fatty acid data during all four seasons over consecutive years. This large-scale study highlights the value of  using fisheries samples to examine seasonal and annual fluctuations in krill diet and condition.

Tags: Euphausia superba, Fatty acids, Lipids, Seasonal and interannual
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci) feeding behaviour and preferences (1986-1987), Great Barrier Reef

Data on the feeding behaviour of Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (COTS) Acanthaster planci from two projects - P. Moran (1982-1987) and J. Keesing (1990). The data records the diameter, outbreak status, density, condition and activity of COTS, and the species of coral on which it is found, along with that of the nearest 5 coral neighbours. Also recorded is the percentage cover of live and bleached coral, the substrate and the general condition of the reef in the immediate vicinity.
Coral Reef - Condition, Crown of Thorns Starfish - Activity, Crown of Thorns Starfish - Condition, Crown of Thorns Starfish - Diameter, Crown of Thorns Starfish - Outbreak Status, Food - Preference, Lifeform - Benthic, Percentage Cover, Relative Frequency, Substrate Type, Density - Population, Genus, Species

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Irwin Inlet (WA) Seagrass 2009

This data is part of the 2013 report "Synthesis of seagrass mapping studies" conducted by the Water Science Branch of the Department of Water.
Surveys were conducted by the WA Department of Water together with Geoscience Australia. The objective of these surveys was to collect baseline data on seagrass composition and distribution in key estuaries of southern and south-western WA.
This data was acquired by the ACEAS Seagrass Group as part of the 2013 Australia-wide risk assessment of Seagrass.
The datasets making up the Irwin Inlet seagrass survey data are:
WA_Irwin_SAV_polygons - polygon dataset showing interpolated percentage cover of Ruppia spp.

Tags: Benthic habitat, WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Marine protected areas and dugong conservation along Australia's Indian ocean coast

The coastal zone of the Indian Ocean is coming under increasing pressure from human activities. Australia may be one of the few countries in this region that can afford to take adequate conservation measures in the near future. As it also has one of the longest Indian Ocean coastlines, Australia has the opportunity, and responsibility, to make a meaningful contribution to the conservation of Indian Ocean biodiversity. Threatened species, including marine turtles, inshore dolphins, and dugongs are an important component of that biodiversity. The dugong has been exterminated from several areas in the Indian Ocean, and it appears to be particularly threatened by mesh netting and hunting. its long-term survival may depend on adequate protection in Australia, which contains the largest known Indian Ocean populations. This protection will require, in part, an appropriate system of marine protected areas (MPAs). This paper examines the adequacy of MPAs along Australia's Indian Ocean coast. Dugongs occur in two MPAs in Western Australia. The proposed expansion of the system of marine reserves is based primarily on representative samples of ecosystems from each biogeographic region. It is inadequate because it does not take into account the distribution and relative abundance of threatened species. if the conservation of biodiversity is to be maximized, the system of MPAs should incorporate both representativeness and the needs of threatened species. The level of protection provided by MPAs in Western Australia is low. Under current government policy potentially damaging activities, including commercial fishing, seismic surveys, and oil and gas drilling are permitted in protected areas. [References: 70]

Tags: Coastal Waters, Conservation, Dugong, Marine Protected Areas, Marine Reserves
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Settlement tiles

Data from the EcoRRAP settlement tiles. Five PVC settlement tiles were deployed in 2021 at each EcoRRAP zone, as well as adjacent reef flat sites. The tiles remained in situ for two years and were then collected and processed during the expeditions in 2023. The following data were collected for each tile: weight of sediments on tile surface, number of coral recruits, dry weight of growth on tile and photographs for community composition. Metabolic incubations were conducted to determine rates of light and dark calcification, and photosynthesis and respiration, from tiles at the main reefs per cluster.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Investigator Strait CTD Survey January 1986

A total of 40 CTD stations were collected in Investigator Strait from the ship Wave Dancer (cruise IS03) on 19-20 January 1986, and analysed for water temperature, salinity and sediment data. The data were digitised from the reference below.

Tags: Oceans | Ocean Temperature | Water Temperature, Oceans | Salinity/density | Salinity, depth, sea_water_salinity, sea_water_temperature, sediment_size
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Reproductive patterns of the intertidal limpet, Siphonaria diemenensis at Griffith Point, Victoria

A combination of surveys and experiments were used to assess the reproductive patterns of Siphonaria diemenensis in 2 zones on the rocky shore at Griffith Point, San Remo, Victoria. One zone was in the high intertidal (Zone 2) and one was in the low intertidal area on the shore. There were 3 sites in Zone 1 and 2 sites in Zone 2 (see parent record for more details).
The breeding season of S. diemenensis was between August and May and spawning correlated with the phases of the moon. The numbers of egg masses at each site were recorded from regular searches during the breeding seasons in 1980-81 and 1981-82. The reproduction rates were highly variable between seasons in Zone 1 and less variable in Zone 2. It was suggested that the variation in reproductive rates between the different zones was correlated with changes in food availability. 
An experiment was conducted to determine the reproductive effort of different sized individuals and to examine how responsive reproductive patterns are to changes in environmental conditions. On 18 August 1980, limpets were collected and placed within steel mesh enclosures (10x10cm). The enclosures were assigned to 8 different treatments groups (n=3). Details of the treatments are outlined in the attached resource. Egg masses were collected from the enclosures at regular intervals and at the completion of the experiment on 4 April 1981, 5 limpets were collected per enclosure. The shell length and dry weight was recorded for each limpet.

Tags: 24 488001, Biosphere | Aquatic Habitat | Benthic Habitat | rocky shore, Biosphere | Ecological Dynamics | Competition | intraspecific, Biosphere | Ecological Dynamics | Feeding Habitat | food availabiltiy, Biosphere | Ecological Dynamics | Life History, Biosphere | Ecological Dynamics | Population Dynamics, Biosphere | Zoology | Invertebrates, Griffith Point, Oceans | Marine Biology | Marine Invertebrates, Oceans | Marine Biology | Marine Invertebrates | gastropoda | limpet, San Remo, Siphonaria diemenensis
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
ERIN Dual-processed Landsat TM tiles in Western Australia - Ravensthorpe tile

A Landsat TM image was cut using a NATMAP Geoscience Australia 1:250 000 scale map named Ravensthorpe (Map number SI51-5) and was saved in GeoTIFF format.
The image was geometrically rectified to GDA94 (Datum) and MGA51 (Projection) and a dual enhancement technique was conducted to Landsat TM satellite data where land was enhanced using bands 741 (RGB) and water was enhanced using bands 321 (RGB).  This is one of a series of tiles processed by ERIN from Coastal Atlas project in the 1990's.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Secchi disk visibility dataset, Great Barrier Reef

Each collection station is denoted by latitude and longitude and sometimes by name of reef, and date.Secchi readings comprise vertical readings from the lagoon and from inshore surveys. The secchi values are reported in metres.Site locations (for AIMS data): 13-050, 13-063, 13-120, 13-123, Alexandra Reef, Bait Reef, Barb Reef, Barnard Is., between High and Fit Reefs, Blue Water, Border Is., Cape Tribulation South, Cockburn Reef, Coned Rock, Cumberland Passage, Daydream Is., Deloraine, Dent, Double Cone Is., Double Is., Dungeness Reef, Dunk Is., Edward Is., Fitzroy Is., Flinders Reef, Gallon Reef, Green Is., Hannah Is., Hastings Reef, Hay Is., Hay Reef, Hazelwood, Heath Reef, High Is., Hook Is., Hook Reef, John Brewer Reef, Johnstone Estuary, Johnstone River, Kent Is., King Reef, Lindeman Is., Line Reef, Lizard Is., Long Is., Low Isles, MacDonald Reef, Morris Is., Murdoch, Myrmidon Reef, Nomad Reef, Norman Reef, Normanby Is., Normandy Reef, North Banard Is., Ogilvy Reef, Osborne Reef, Pine Is., Repulse Is., Russell Estuary, Russell Heads, Russell Is., Russell River, Silicon Reef, Snapper, South Barnard Is., Stanley Channel, Stanley North, Stephen Is., Thrush Reef, Thursday Is., Trinity Inlet, Tully estuary, Upolou, Warrior Reef, Wednesday Is., Wilkie Is., Yonge, Zuna Is.
 To collect information about water quality and clarity on the Great Barrier Reef.
 Data have been used for the e-Atlas:http://e-atlas.org.au/content/secchi-disk-depth-measure-water-clarityNote that the e-Atlas includes additional secchi disk values courtesy of Rob Coles and the Seagrass Monitoring programme, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Queensland.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
DNA-based identification of Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris) in coral reef fish faeces and gut contents

The datasets summarises the results from a research project examining predation on Crown of Thorn starfish by coral reef fish. It includes all fish species caught during four field trips, including location and date caught, as well as results from digital droplet PCR for analyses of CoTS DNA presence.
Fish were collected on reefs in the central GBR and around Lizard Island in 2018 and 2019 using methods approved by GBRMPA, DPI Fisheries and JCU Animal Ethics. Their faecal and gut content samples were analysed for CoTS DNA at AIMS in 2018 and 2019 to examine potential predation on Crown of Thorn starfish by coral reef fish.
CoTS DNA in fish faecal and gut content samples was analysed using digital droplet PCR. The PCR data is either a &lsquo;YES&rsquo; or a &lsquo;NO&rsquo;, that is COTS DNA is presence (YES) or absent (NO). A Yes suggest that that particular coral reef fish species may have eaten Crown of Thorn starfish.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
AIMS Long-term Monitoring Program

The AIMS Long-term Monitoring Program (LTMP) is designed to detect changes in reef communities at a subregional scale. In this context, a subregion encompasses inshore, mid-shelf and outer shelf reefs across the continental shelf within one band of latitude (a sector).Reef surveys involve three approaches:1. broadscale manta tow surveys of crown-of-thorns starfish populations and reef-wide coral cover2. Intensive photographic surveys of stationary seafloor (benthic) organisms on fixed transects3. intensive visual counts of reef fish, juvenile corals, crown-of-thorns starfish, coral-eating snails and coral disease and bleaching.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
2016 SoE Marine Chapter - Effectiveness of Management - Oil and gas extraction and production

The Marine chapter of the 2016 State of the Environment (SoE) report incorporates multiple expert templates developed from streams of marine data. This metadata record describes the Expert Assessment "Effectiveness of marine management of oil and gas extraction and production". The full Expert Assessment, including figures and tables (where provided), is attached to this record. Where available, the Data Stream(s) used to generate this Expert Assessment are accessible through the "On-line Resources" section of this record.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESSURE BEING MANAGED, AND ITS IMPACT
There is a very good understanding of the pressures and emerging threats from planned oil and gas activities. There is less available information about pressures arising from new technologies such as floating LNG and pressures arising from unplanned activities such as oil spills, however, there is a growing body of information around management of these pressures. 
DATA STREAM(S) USED IN EXPERT ASSESSMENT
All petroleum activities in commonwealth waters. Environment data only spans 2012 – 2015 since NOPSEMA was formed. Combination of qualitative and quantitative data used. Details of the specific data sets used to generate this assessment have not been provided, but all information is available from the NOPSEMA website: https://www.nopsema.gov.au/
2016 SOE ASSESSMENT SUMMARY [see attached Expert Assessment for full details]
• Understanding of pressure: Understanding of the impacts of exploration, production and decommissioning activities of the oil and gas industry are well understood.
• Planning associated with management of pressure: Single national regulator for oil and gas operations in Commonwealth waters. 
• Input for informing management of pressure: Data collected is analysed for trends across industry and used to inform future environmental management improvements and regulatory activity.
• Processes associated with developing, monitoring, and updating management: Regulatory framework is subject to regular independent review to ensure ongoing effectiveness.
• Outputs from management framework in place: The assessment and inspection of oil and gas activities is used to inform required areas of industry improvement.
• Outcomes of management framework in place: Increased level of regulatory oversight ensures effective management of offshore oil and gas activities.
CHANGES SINCE 2011 SOE ASSESSMENT
Since the 2011 assessment, a national regulator of oil and gas activities has been established as the independent regulator for safety, well integrity and environmental management with its environmental management and approvals endorsed under the EPBC Act. This has introduced an increased level of scrutiny through assessment processes and compliance inspections across the offshore oil and gas industry resulting in high levels of compliance being recorded within the oil and gas regulated community.

Tags: environmental management, expert assessment, oil wells, petroleum
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Geomorphology map of the Huon Australian Marine Park

The Huon Commonwealth Marine Reserve (CMR) covers a broad depth range from the inner continental shelf at about 70 m, to abyssal depths of more than 3000 m. The majority of the area is in deep water. The Tasman Seamounts Marine Reserve that was proclaimed in 1999 has been wholly incorporated into the Huon Commonwealth marine reserve. The reserve contains a cluster of seamounts that appear as cone-shaped submerged mountains, which provide a range of depths for a diversity of plants and animals.
The peaks of many of the reserve's seamounts are between 750 m and 1000 m below the sea surface and support endemic species, including large erect corals and sponges. Some of the flora and fauna are hundreds and possibly thousands of years old, making them some of the longest-lived animals on Earth. The reserve also provides an important connection between seamounts of the Indian Ocean and the Tasman Sea.
This map of the geomorphology of the Huon CMR was prepared for the NESP Marine Biodiversity Hub Theme D (1) project: National data collation, synthesis and visualisation to support sustainable use, management and monitoring of marine assets.

Tags: Benthic habitat, ZONE
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Geomorphology and Surface Classification of seven (7) Coral Sea seamounts

Voyage IN2019_V04 contributed an additional 29,000 kms2 of seafloor survey data to the Coral Sea knowledge base. From this new bathymetric data individual seamounts have been extracted and have been classified to the Geoscience Australia Geomorphology Classification Scheme.
This dataset contains two layers representing the classification layers- 1) Surface (Plain, Slope, Escarpment) and 2) fine scale Geomorphology of the seamount for the Calder Seamount.
Two classification layers are available for each seamount:
1) Surface (Plain, Slope, Escarpment) and
2) fine scale Geomorphology
This parent record contains links to child records describing collections from seven (7) seamounts:
    • Fregetta Seamount
    • Mellish Seamount
    • Sula Seamount
    • Lexington Seamount
    • Kenn Seamount
    • Calder Seamount
    • Cassowary Seamount
Data from individual seamounts are available through each record, or as a single data package in the 'Online Resources' section of this record.

Tags: Seafloor geomorphological or surface classification
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Spatial distribution and temporal shifts in the biology of Holothuria whitmaei (sea cucumber) at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia - Series Summary

Data were collected to:
- i) investigate the spatial distribution and temporal changes in the biology of H.whitmaei (Bell, 1887)(from the perspective of activity, feeding and reproduction), and,
- ii) provide an overall synthesis of the results, whilst placing an emphasis on the strategies that may have facilitated the persistence of H. whitmaei in outer reef environments; zones which due to their physical and oceanographic characteristics, could be considered unfavourable for deposit feeding, broadcast spawners.

Tags: 25 416033, Biosphere | Aquatic Habitat | Reef Habitat, Biosphere | Ecological Dynamics | Feeding Habitat, Biosphere | Ecological Dynamics | Range Changes, Holothuria whitmaei, Oceans | Marine Biology | Marine Invertebrates, black teatfish
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Disturbance and recovery of coral communities in Bill's Bay, Ningaloo Reef

Understanding of the conditions that promote recovery and resilience is essential for future effective management of the world's increasingly disturbed coral reefs, and this understanding requires long-term studies of reef responses to disturbance. We used robust non-parametric statistical analyses to describe the responses of reefs in Bill's Bay (Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia) to acute non-destructive disturbances over a 17-year period. Reefs in inner Bill's Bay were completely killed by a dystrophic crisis in 1989. Recovery of pre-disturbance levels of coral cover from this zero baseline occurred within 10 years, and recovery of pre-disturbance type acroporid-dominated coral communities (=resilience) was achieved at one site within 17 years. As has been reported elsewhere in the Indian Ocean, recovery commenced through recruitment and growth of non-acroporid taxa (faviids). Our analyses of coral reef recovery patterns following this kind of disturbance, in which the reef matrix is not damaged, are likely to be relevant to coral recovery patterns following other acute non-destructive disturbances, such as the increasingly common global phenomenon of catastrophic bleaching.
In stark contrast to most Indo-Pacific reefs, those in the outer zone of Bill's Bay, Ningaloo Reef, appear to have been remarkably stable over the past 17 years in terms of coral cover and high-level coral community composition. If they continue to be relatively unimpacted by and/or resilient to environmental disturbances and human activities, these stable outer zone reefs at Ningaloo, and others like them in Western Australia, may be able to serve a critical function as coral reef refugia and reference sites of local, regional and potentially global significance.

Tags: Coral Recovery, Disturbance, Management, Marine Features (Australia) | Ningaloo Marine Park, WA, Oceans | Coastal Processes | Coral Reefs, Resilience
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network