AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
York Earthquake Building Mitigation Implementation Project: Final Report

Older unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings have been found to perform poorly in historical Australian earthquakes. Where these building are present in pedestrian precincts, they represent a significant risk to people and communities. Some towns and cities have a significant proportion of this type of building within business districts and Perth CBD is an example having 48% by number of URM construction ranging from pre-Federation to early-to-mid twentieth century in age. Further, these buildings are often of significant heritage value providing a sense of place to residents and contribute to visitor related business revenue. These factors all come to play in the town of York which is also in an area of elevated earthquake hazard. There is a need for information inform strategies and decision making around reducing the risk they represent.
This project has had a focus on York and was designed as a three-year collaboration between researchers, industry and local stakeholders to improve the understanding of the vulnerability of older unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings. The building types considered are of the types found in York and other larger communities and the project has included methods of retrofit that can enhance the resilience of these buildings to earthquake hazard. It has further included the promotion of expertise with building design professionals and in the construction industry to undertake this work through a demonstration projects. Specifically, the project has been a collaboration between the Shire of York, the Department of Fire and Emergency Services, the University of Adelaide and Geoscience Australia. While not a direct project partner, the Department of Planning Lands and Heritage (DPLH) has also been a key stakeholder that has sought to facilitate the application for grant funding for the mitigation activity to be studied as part of this project.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Earthquake, Mitigation, Published_External, Retrofit, Unreinforced masonry
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Horsham Infill (P199731), gravity point data

Gravity data measures small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
 This Horsham Infill (P199731) contains a total of 3908 point data values acquired at a spacing between 500 and 1000 metres. The data is located in VIC and were acquired in 1997, under project No. 199731 for None.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, Published_External, VIC, geophysical survey, geophysics, gravity, ground digital data, point, point located data, survey 199731
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Kalawani 1:50 000 topographic map

Product Specifications Coverage: Partial coverage, predominantly in northern Australia, along major transport routes, and other selected areas. About 1000 maps have been published to date. Currency: Ranges from 1968 to 2006. Coordinates: Geographical and UTM. Datum: AGD66, new edition WGS84; AHD. Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Paper, flat copies only.

Tags: AU-SA, Orthophoto Map, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Walgett 1:250 000 topographic map

This map is part of the series that covers the whole of Australia at a scale of 1:250 000 (1cm on a map represents 2.5 km on the ground) and comprises 513 maps. This is the largest scale at which published topographic maps cover the entire continent. Each standard map covers an area of 1.5 degrees longitude by 1 degree latitude or about 150 kilometres from east to west and 110 kilometres from north to south. There are about 50 special maps in the series and these maps cover a non-standard area. Typically, where a map produced on standard sheet lines is largely ocean it is combined with its landward neighbour. These maps contain natural and constructed features including road and rail infrastructure, vegetation, hydrography, contours (interval 50m), localities and some administrative boundaries. The topographic map and data index shows coverage of the sheets. Product Specifications Coverage: The series covers the whole of Australia with 513 maps. Currency: Ranges from 1995 to 2009. 95% of maps have a reliability date of 1994 or later. Coordinates: Geographical and either AMG or MGA (post-1993) Datum: AGD66, GDA94, AHD. Projection: Universal Traverse Mercator (UTM) Medium: Paper, flat and folded copies.

Tags: 250K scale, AU-NSW, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AUSGeoid98 v.1.0 data files: Cape Scott (sd52-07)

AUSGeoid98 data files contain a 2 minute grid of AUSGeoid98 data covering the Australian region, which you can use to interpolate geoid-ellipsoid separations for the positions required.You can use your own interpolation software, or you can use Geoscience Australia's Windows Interpolation software (Winter). The data files are text files in a standard format that cover the same area as standard topographic map areas. Files covering both 1:250,000 (approximately 100 x 150 km) and 1:1,000,000 (approximately 400 x 600 km) map areas are available. There is a 4 minute overlap on all sides of each area. Data format: AUSGeoid98 data files have a header record at the start of each file, to distinguish them from the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files. AUSGeoid98 data files show the geoid-ellipsoid separation to 3 decimal places, while the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files showed only 2 decimal places. AUSGeoid98 deflections of the vertical were computed from the geoid-ellipsoid separation surface, while the AUSGeoid93 deflections of the vertical were computed from OSU91A.

Tags: AU, AUSGeoid98, Geodesy, Geodetic Data, Published_External, dataset, geodesy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
What goes up must come down: Why is Australia sinking?

Motion of the Australian continent has been well studied in the horizontal direction, but there are minimal studies considering the vertical motion. Recent measurements using the Global Positioning System (GPS) suggest that the Australian continent is sinking, but current understanding of geophysical processes suggests that the expected vertical motion of the plate should be close to zero or uplifting. Understanding how the surface of the earth changes has many important applications like the response of the earth system to climate and sea level change and resource availability. This presentation will explore how the Australian plate is moving and what that means for applications of precise positioning.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, Wednesday Seminar, elevation, positioning
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Mount Howe 1:100 000 topographic map

At this scale 1cm on the map represents 1km on the ground. Each map covers a minimum area of 0.5 degrees longitude by 0.5 degrees latitude or about 54 kilometres by 54 kilometres. The contour interval is 20 metres. Many maps are supplemented by hill shading. These maps contain natural and constructed features including road and rail infrastructure, vegetation, hydrography, contours, localities and some administrative boundaries. Product Specifications Coverage: Australia is covered by more than 3000 x 1:100 000 scale maps, of which 1600 have been published as printed maps. Unpublished maps are available as compilations. Currency: Ranges from 1961 to 2009. Average 1997. Coordinates: Geographical and either AMG or MGA coordinates. Datum: AGD66, GDA94; AHD Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Printed maps: Paper, flat and folded copies. Compilations: Paper or film, flat copies only.

Tags: 100K scale, AU-QLD, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Dookie detailed gravity (P198542), gravity point data

Gravity data measures small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
 This Dookie detailed gravity (P198542) contains a total of 334 point data values acquired at a spacing of 100 metres. The data is located in VIC and were acquired in 1985, under project No. 198542 for Department of Minerals and Energy (Victoria).

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, Published_External, VIC, geophysical survey, geophysics, gravity, ground digital data, point, point located data, survey 198542
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
King River 1:50 000 topographic map

Product Specifications Coverage: Partial coverage, predominantly in northern Australia, along major transport routes, and other selected areas. About 1000 maps have been published to date. Currency: Ranges from 1968 to 2006. Coordinates: Geographical and UTM. Datum: AGD66, new edition WGS84; AHD. Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Paper, flat copies only.

Tags: 50K scale, AU-NT, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Jervis Bay 1:100 000 topographic map

At this scale 1cm on the map represents 1km on the ground. Each map covers a minimum area of 0.5 degrees longitude by 0.5 degrees latitude or about 54 kilometres by 54 kilometres. The contour interval is 20 metres. Many maps are supplemented by hill shading. These maps contain natural and constructed features including road and rail infrastructure, vegetation, hydrography, contours, localities and some administrative boundaries. Product Specifications Coverage: Australia is covered by more than 3000 x 1:100 000 scale maps, of which 1600 have been published as printed maps. Unpublished maps are available as compilations. Currency: Ranges from 1961 to 2009. Average 1997. Coordinates: Geographical and either AMG or MGA coordinates. Datum: AGD66, GDA94; AHD Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Printed maps: Paper, flat and folded copies. Compilations: Paper or film, flat copies only.

Tags: 100K scale, AU-NSW, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Lake Nash-Tobermory-Alice Springs, Gravity (P195910), gravity point data

Gravity data measures small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
 This Lake Nash-Tobermory-Alice Springs, Gravity (P195910) contains a total of 326 point data values acquired at a spacing of 5000 metres. The data is located in NT and were acquired in 1959, under project No. 195910 for Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR).

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, NT, Published_External, geophysical survey, geophysics, gravity, ground digital data, point, point located data, survey 195910
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AUSGeoid98 v.1.0 data files:  (sd54-14)

AUSGeoid98 data files contain a 2 minute grid of AUSGeoid98 data covering the Australian region, which you can use to interpolate geoid-ellipsoid separations for the positions required.You can use your own interpolation software, or you can use Geoscience Australia's Windows Interpolation software (Winter). The data files are text files in a standard format that cover the same area as standard topographic map areas. Files covering both 1:250,000 (approximately 100 x 150 km) and 1:1,000,000 (approximately 400 x 600 km) map areas are available. There is a 4 minute overlap on all sides of each area. Data format: AUSGeoid98 data files have a header record at the start of each file, to distinguish them from the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files. AUSGeoid98 data files show the geoid-ellipsoid separation to 3 decimal places, while the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files showed only 2 decimal places. AUSGeoid98 deflections of the vertical were computed from the geoid-ellipsoid separation surface, while the AUSGeoid93 deflections of the vertical were computed from OSU91A.

Tags: AU, AUSGeoid98, Geodesy, Geodetic Data, Published_External, dataset, geodesy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Rhytiobeyrichia, a new beyrichiacean ostracod from the late Devonian of Western Australia

A palaeocope ostracod with a distinct lobation and crumina occurs in the late Devonian (Strunian) sequences of the Canning and Bonaparte Basins. It is assigned to the new genus Rhytiobeyrichia, and is interpreted, within Martinssons scheme of beyrichiacean phylogeny, as an advanced beyrichiine. The interpretation of its ontogeny and sexual dimorphism, based on limited material, indicates that the genus is represented by a single rather than sympatric, species.  The species, Rhytiobeyrichia waruwa sp.nov. ( = type species of Rhytiobeyrichia), if interpreted correctly, is unique in representing a possible example of the phenomenon of preadult dimorphism in the Beyrichiacea. This tentative daim would be negated if later work, based on more material, shows that R. waruwa sp.nov. does in fact consist of more than one species. The occurrence of Rhytiobeyrichia waruwa sp. nov. in strata of comparable (Strunian) age in the Canning and Bonaparte Basins indicates its value for correlation. In the Canning Basin, the stratigraphy of the Fairfield Group, as identified by Druce and Radke (1979) in several well sections, is in need of revision.  This interval, a good source potential for petroleum, is reinterpreted for the Napier No. 1 and No.4 Wells.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, NT, Published_External, WA
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Charger Creek 1:50 000 topographic map

Product Specifications Coverage: Partial coverage, predominantly in northern Australia, along major transport routes, and other selected areas. About 1000 maps have been published to date. Currency: Ranges from 1968 to 2006. Coordinates: Geographical and UTM. Datum: AGD66, new edition WGS84; AHD. Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Paper, flat copies only.

Tags: 50K scale, AU-QLD, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Towards a Pb isotope regolith map of the Australian continent: a Northern Territory perspective

Estimating the relative contributions of bedrock geology, mineralisation and anthropogenic contamination to the chemistry of samples collected at the Earth’s surface is critical in research and application fields as diverse as environmental impact studies and regional mineral exploration programs. The element lead (Pb) is a particularly useful tracer in this context, representing a toxin of environmental concern and associated with many other anthropogenic contaminants (e.g. mine wastes, waters, paints, aerosols), as well as with mineralisation. Although Pb concentration data are frequently collected in geochemical studies, isotopic analysis offers an important advantage, allowing discrimination between different sources of Pb. The Pb isotopic composition of regolith is likely to reflect contributions from underlying rock (including Pb-rich mineralisation), wind-blown dust and possibly anthropogenic sources (industry, transport, agriculture, residential, waste handling). Regolith samples collected at different depths may show distinct compositions; bedrock isotopic signatures are expected to dominate in deeper soils, whilst airborne dust and anthropogenic signatures are more important at the surface. Pb isotope ratios in the continental crust show large variations, which will be transferred to the regolith, providing a potentially unique bedrock signal that is easily measured. This research program examines if soil Pb isotope mapping can identify the underlying geology and metallogenic provinces, if different sampling and analytical approaches produce very different results, and how anthropogenic signals vary across the continent. Here, we present our results for the Northern Territory, where single regolith samples from many (not all) catchments define apparently consistent isotopic domains that can be interpreted in relation to the underlying geology (crystalline basement, basins) and mineral deposits.
Citation: Desem, C.U., Maas, R., Woodhead, J., Carr, G. and de Caritat P., 2020. Towards a Pb isotope regolith map of the Australian continent: a Northern Territory perspective. In: Czarnota, K., Roach, I., Abbott, S., Haynes, M., Kositcin, N., Ray, A. and Slatter, E. (eds.) Exploring for the Future: Extended Abstracts, Geoscience Australia, Canberra, 1–4.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, EFTF, Exploring For The Future, Geochemistry, Isoscape, Lead isotopes, Mineral systems, National Geochemical Survey of Australia (NGSA), Published_External, Regolith geochemistry
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Applications of natural language processing to geoscience text data and prospectivity modelling

Geological maps are powerful models for visualizing the complex distribution of rock types through space and time. However, the descriptive information that forms the basis for a preferred map interpretation is typically stored in geological map databases as unstructured text data that are difficult to use in practice. Herein we apply natural language processing (NLP) to geoscientific text data from Canada, the U.S., and Australia to address that knowledge gap. First, rock descriptions, geological ages, lithostratigraphic and lithodemic information, and other long-form text data are translated to numerical vectors, i.e., a word embedding, using a geoscience language model. Network analysis of word associations, nearest neighbors, and principal component analysis are then used to extract meaningful semantic relationships between rock types. We further demonstrate using simple Naive Bayes classifiers and the area under receiver operating characteristics plots (AUC) how word vectors can be used to: (1) predict the locations of “pegmatitic” (AUC = 0.962) and “alkalic” (AUC = 0.938) rocks; (2) predict mineral potential for Mississippi-Valley-type (AUC = 0.868) and clastic-dominated (AUC = 0.809) Zn-Pb deposits; and (3) search geoscientific text data for analogues of the giant Mount Isa clastic-dominated Zn-Pb deposit using the cosine similarities between word vectors. This form of semantic search is a promising NLP approach for assessing mineral potential with limited training data. Overall, the results highlight how geoscience language models and NLP can be used to extract new knowledge from unstructured text data and reduce the mineral exploration search space for critical raw materials.

Citation: Lawley, C. J. M., Gadd, M. G., Parsa, M., Lederer, G. W., Graham, G. E., and Ford, A., 2023, Applications of Natural Language Processing to Geoscience Text Data and Prospectivity Modeling: Natural Resources Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-023-10216-1

Tags: Data mining and knowledge discovery, Geology, Published_External, critical minerals, critical minerals mapping initiative, mineral systems, natural language processing
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Proposed Australian Building Stock Categorisation for Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC Earthquake Project

This paper presents the initial building vulnerability schema proposed for the Bushfire and Natural Hazards Collaborative Research Centre (BNHCRC) project entitled 'Cost-Effective Mitigation Strategy Development for Building Related Earthquake Risk'. The development of a building schema which categorises the Australian building stock into distinctive vulnerability classes is an integral part of the risk and impact assessment process. In undertaking this categorisation a review was undertaken of existing earthquake vulnerability schema found in the literature alongside a schema developed by an expert group for Australia. The schemas found in the literature were the HAZUS, the United Nations Global Assessment Report on Risk (UN-GAR), the RiskScape, the Global Earthquake Model (GEM), the US Geological Survey Prompt Assessment Global Earthquakes for Response (USGS PAGER), and the European Macroseismic Scale-98 (EMS-98). Also included was an Australian specific schema developed based on the recommendations made at a workshop in Melbourne in February 2001 (Stehle et al., 2001). Key building parameters from each of these were considered along with the building types found in the countries or regions where these schemas were developed. The proposed schema categorises buildings by the building attributes: Building Usage, Primary Lateral Load Resisting System, Height Range, Proximity to Coast, Wall Type, Wall Material, Roof Material, and Age. The draft schema has been developed in recognition of the current and projected ability to define national building exposure and of the parallel BNHCRC mitigation projects examining vulnerability to wind and riverine flooding. While vulnerability schemas are hazard specific, alignment has been sought with schemas for the other hazards where possible. The draft schema is considered to be a preliminary version, and is expected to evolve during the project as it develops new knowledge on vulnerability and mitigation options for key high risk Australian building types.

Tags: Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Bathymetry derived topographic relief grid

The grid was created from the Australian bathymetry and topography grid (2009, version 4). The data represents the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest point within a specified area (a rectangle of 3 by 3 cells). The units are metres.

Tags: Marine Data, Marine Geoscience, NERP Marine Biodiversity Hub, Published_External, bathymetry, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Einasleigh 1:250 000, R502 historical topographic map

The R502 series of maps has been replaced by the National Topographic Map Series (NTMS). The R502 series consists of 542 map sheets and covers Australia at a scale of 1:250,000. It was compiled from aerial photography, but only about one quarter of the series was contoured. The standard sheet size is 1 degree of latitude by 1.5 degrees of longitude. Transverse Mercator map projection and Clark 1858 datum were used. Coverage of the country was completed in 1968.

Tags: 250K scale, AU_QLD, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data