AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
McArthur Forest Fire Danger Index: NARCliM dataset: ~10km resolution, 1990-2009 period, ECHAM5 and R3 ensemble member

NSW Office of Environment and Heritage Macarthur Forest Fire Danger index.  Modelled fire frequency projections at ~10km resolution for 1990-2009 period using ECHAM5 and R3 ensemble member using the WRF 3.3 model.  This product will provide policy makers, land managers and researchers access to accurate and temporally fine scaled information with which to make hazard reduction and management strategies.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network�s Data Discovery
SRAD sky view factor modelled using the 1&quot; DEM-S

Mean monthly solar radiation was modelled across Australia using topography from the 1 arcsecond resolution SRTM-derived DEM-S and climatic and land surface data. The SRAD model (Wilson and Gallant, 2000) was used to derive:
•   Incoming short-wave radiation on a sloping surface
•   Short-wave radiation ratio (shortwave on sloping surface / shortwave on horizontal surface)
•   Incoming long-wave radiation
•   Outgoing long-wave radiation
•   Net long-wave radiation
•   Net radiation
•   Sky view factor
All radiation values are in MJ/m2/day except for short-wave radiation ratio which has no units. The sky view factor is the fraction of the sky visible from a grid cell relative to a horizontal plane.
The radiation values are determined for the middle day of each month (14th or 15th) using long-term average atmospheric conditions (such as cloudiness and atmospheric transmittance) and surface conditions (albedo and vegetation cover). They include the effect of terrain slope, aspect and shadowing (for sun positions at 5 minute intervals from sunrise to sunset), direct and diffuse radiation and sky view.
The 3 arcsecond resolution versions of these radiation surfaces have been produced from the 1 arcsecond resolution surfaces, by aggregating the cells in a 3x3 window and taking the mean value.
The data in this collection are available at 1 arcsecond resolution as 1x1 degree tiles (ESRI grid format) or as a single grid mosaic of Australia (TIFF format), and at 3 arcsecond resolution as a single grid of Australia (TIFF format).

Tags: Australia, ECOLOGY Landscape, LAND Topography Models, Land Surface, Sky view factor, TERN_Soils
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Victorian Alpine Plot Network (ATEX): Plot Microclimate Data, Bogong High Plains, Victoria, Australia, 2004–2013

The objective of the Australian Tundra Experiment is to assess the likely response of vegetation and invertebrates to temperature increases attained through passive warming.  
The Australian Tundra Experiment follows the International Tundra Experiment (ITEX) protocol (Molau &amp; Mølgaard 1996, Jarrad et al. 2009) which focuses on the growth and phenological responses of cold adapted vascular plant species to environmental change, specifically, to an increase in summer (growing season) temperatures. In addition to monitoring vegetation responses, the experimental warming chambers were used to monitor the response of invertebrates to warming. Warming is achieved using hexagonal fibreglass open-top warming chambers (OTCs).
The OTCs were set up in December 2003 at 4 sites within a 2 × 4.5 km area of the Bogong High Plains, Victoria, Australia, known as Rocky Knobs (36.90ºS, 147.27ºE). Two of the sites were established on vegetation that had been recently burnt by the 2003 bushfires. 
The sites are at approximately 1700 m above sea level and generally have snow cover of variable depth for 3 to 4 months each year (June-July to September-October). 
At each site, permanent plots of 1m2 were selected to include as many of the common vascular grassland species as possible. Treatments were then allocated at random for a total of 40 control and 40 warmed plots. This dataset contains microclimate data for a subset of plots from 6-06-2004 to 18-04-2013.

Tags: Climate change, On plot weather
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Desert Uplands Plot Network: Bird Count Data and Notes for Plot TIMA03, Northern Queensland, Australia, 2014

The Desert Uplands Plot Network Bird Count Data contains bird fauna data for 1 of 50 permanent 1 hectare plots in Northern Queensland, Australia. This data publication refers specifically to observations made at Plot TIMA03.
The CSIRO permanent plots are situated in Tropical Ironbark Woodlands, and extend across four leasehold cattle properties that lie within an area approximately 50km by 50km. The plots represent three vegetation management strategies, namely: 1) clearing (where all trees and shrubs are removed); 2) thinning (where ground and midstorey vegetation is removed); and 3) unmodiﬁed native woodlands where signiﬁcant thinning or clearing has not occurred. Within each 1 ha site, eight five-minute diurnal bird counts are conducted over a four day period. Two counts are completed per day at each site: one count in the morning within three hours of sunrise and the other a minimum of three hours after this period and before sunset.
This is part of a much larger dataset that spans from 2004 to 2014. Note that previous studies were undertaken at 60 permanent 1 hectare plots and that this data is accessible as a composite data package:
Metcalfe, D; Vanderduys, E (2015): Desert Uplands Plot Network, Bird Count Data and Notes, Northern Queensland, Australia, 2014. Long Term Ecological Research Network. http://www.ltern.org.au/knb/metacat/ltern2.285/html.  
The spatial coordinates for this plot are provided in the following data publication:
Metcalfe, D; Vanderduys, E (2014): Desert Uplands Plot Network: Plot Details - Spatial Coordinates, Northern Queensland, Australia. Long Term Ecological Research Network. http://www.ltern.org.au/knb/metacat/ltern2.167/html
The Desert Uplands research plots commenced in 2004, and have been revisited in 2005, 2006, 2008, 2013 and 2014.  A synopsis of related data packages which have been collected as part of the Desert Uplands Plot Network’s full program is provided at http://www.ltern.org.au/index.php/ltern-plot-networks/desert-uplands

Tags: Birds, Grazing domestic livestock
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Daily mean solar radiation: ANUClimate 1.1, 0.01 degree, Australian Coverage, 1970-2014

Daily solar radiation for the Australian continent between 1970-2014. Daily solar radiation regulates rates of plant growth and crop yield. Modelled by expressing each daily value as a ratio of the external to the atmosphere value and then modelling this ratio as a function of longitude, latitude, normalised daily temperature range and daily rainfall using ANUSPLIN Version 4.5. Daily solar radiation data between 1970 and 1996 for 39 Bureau of Meteorology stations were used for the analysis after rejecting stations with short records or with many missing records. Cross validation residuals for all accepted data points had a mean absolute value of 2.3 MJ per square metre per day and a root mean square value of 3.3 MJ per square metre per day. These corresponded to relative errors of around 12% and 17% respectively. A comprehensive assessment of the analysis and the factors contributing to the quality of the final interpolated solar radiation grids is in preparation.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Data Repository of the Ecosystem Modelling and Scaling Infrastructure Facility (DR e-MAST) TERN collection

TERN (funded by NCRIS and EIF) has been developing coherent community-wide management structures for several of the required key data streams, so the relevant data are no longer unmanaged. eMAST builds on this infrastructure, by generating products that integrate the different streams of data e.g. water use and other ecosystem functions. The eMAST ANUClimate climate surfaces will be the first, continental 0.01 degree (nominal 1km) resolution climate surfaces generated using the Hutchinson et al. (ANU) methodology. Combined with the ancillary bioclimatic, ecosystem variables and indices derived from these data, this will be the first complete collection of its kind made publically available as a single resource.
This collection of datasets, is a resource for the ecosystem science community and enhances the capacity for research.  For example the development of an advanced benchmarking system for terrestrial ecosystem models (i.e. PALS). In addition, the data will be made accessible through the SPEDDEXES web-interface at the NCI, making the data sets conveniently available to a wide audience/community.
The datasets generated within the scope of eMAST focus on Australia ecosystems, but are expected to encourage global as well as national interests, because of the universal data formats use.
The project is thus expected to facilitate ecosystem modellers to perform comparative analyses of model performance; build new connections between Australian and overseas researchers, and between different research communities in Australia; and accelerate the development, testing and optimization of terrestrial ecosystem models.
Working towards the next generation of robust, process based ecosystem models; we are synthesizing observations of plant biophysical and physiological traits, developing gridded surfaces of these traits, and working with TERN MultiScale Plot Network to improve national coverage of trait measurements. Working in collaboration with international collaborators from NEON and NCAR; eMAST are demonstrating and developing Australia capacity for making models utilise these information rich collections.
More information about this collection can be found at http://www.emast.org.au

Tags: Ecological Impacts of Climate Change, Ecosystem Function, Environmental Monitoring, Earth Sciences, 
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Woodland Restoration Plot Network: Invertebrate Data (Ant Abundance), Western Sydney Parklands (Western Sydney Regional Park), NSW, Australia, 2002

The Woodland Restoration Plot Network Invertebrate Data Package contains ant survey data for sixteen 0.02 hectare sites which were established in 2002.
The sites were located on retired farmland that includes a mosaic of restored vegetation (native plantings) of varying ages juxtaposed with patches of remnant vegetation and untreated, abandoned pasture. All sites were originally woodland prior to agricultural development about 200 years ago. The plantings monitored by the Woodland Restoration Plot Network research plots commenced in 1992. A synopsis of related data packages which have been collected as part of the Woodland Restoration Plot Network’s full program is provided at http://www.ltern.org.au/index.php/ltern-plot-networks/woodland-restoration

Tags: Ants, Evaluation, Formicidae, Invertebrates, Restoration, Revegetation, Succession
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Upland Heath Swamps Plot Network: Soil Properties, Dharawal National Park and Dharawal Nature Reserve, Sydney Basin, NSW, Australia, 1983+

The Upland Heath Swamps Plot Network Soil Properties Data Package contains detailed soil analysis from 60 established swamp monitoring sites in upland swamps scattered throughout the study area (Keith and Myerscough 1993). Each site is sampled in nine combinations of moisture-by-vegetation structure strata.
The Upland Heath Swamps Plot Network research plots commenced in 1983 and have been revisited in 2004, 2009 and again in 2014. A synopsis of related data packages which have been collected as part of the Upland Heath Swamps Plot Network’s full program is provided at http://www.ltern.org.au/index.php/ltern-plot-networks/upland-heath-swamps.

Tags: Soil, Soil chemistry, Soil conductivity, Soil moisture, Soil pH
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Desert Ecology Plot Network: Vegetation Plot-data, Simpson Desert, Western Queensland, 2015

This vegetation data package comprises structure and floristic data for selected points across grids described in related data packages. Vegetation attributes were recorded in an area occupying 2.5 m radius around six traps on each trapping grid and have been aggregated to grid level data. Percentage cover of all plant species, flowering index and seeding index (from 0-5, where 0 is no flowering or seeding and 5 is maximal flowering/seeding) were recorded and are presented here as plot averages which represent the mean amount of flowering or seeding per species. The network program uses a core of 12 sites which are sampled every April-May. The trapping survey aims to quantitatively track long-term shifts in biodiversity and ecological processes in relation to key drivers, including unpredictable rainfall and droughts, fire, feral predators and grazing. A synopsis of related data packages which have been collected as part of the Desert Ecology's full program is provided at http://www.ltern.org.au/index.php/ltern-plot-networks/desert-ecology.

Tags: Plant species abundance, Plant species composition, Vegetation structure
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Victorian Tall Eucalypt Forest Plot Network: Bird Point Count Data, Central Highlands of Victoria, Australia, 2014

The Victorian Tall Eucalypt Forest Plot Network Bird Point Count Data contains transect-based bird fauna data collected annually at a subset of 81 of the 175 permanent 3 hectare plots studied by the plot network in the Central Highlands of Victoria, Australia. Birds are counted using repeated time-controlled (5 minute) point interval counts conducted at 0 m, 50 m and 100 m along a permanent 100 m long transect, ordinarily over November/December and usually on an annual basis (note there was no data collection in 2006, 2008, or 2015, for example). Observations are made by two different observers on two separate mornings. This is part of a much larger dataset that began in 1983, when the Victorian Tall Eucalypt Forest Plot Network research plots commenced (but the research methods changed in 2004, which is the start year for this time series). A synopsis of related data packages which have been collected as part of the Victorian Tall Eucalypt Forest Plot Network’s full program is provided at http://www.ltern.org.au/index.php/ltern-plot-networks/victorian-tall-eucalypt-forest

Tags: Avifauna, Birds
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Supplementary material for an integrated risk assessment to natural, cultural and economic assets from invasive species and sea level rise threats in the Kakadu Region

This collection provides additional analyses, figures and tables for an integrated risk assessment of natural, cultural and economic assets in the Kakadu Region of northern Australia, from the combined threats of invasive species (feral animals &amp; aquatic weeds) and climate change induced sea level rise saltwater inundation. It addresses cumulative multiple risks to multiple values over different time frames (Present-day, 2070 &amp; 2100).

Tags: Aboriginal, Indigenous, Integrated Risk Assessment, Kakadu National Park, aquatic weeds, climate change, feral animals, sea level rise
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Monthly daily incident solar radiation: ANUClimate 1.0, 0.01 degree, Australian Coverage, 1970-2016

Mean daily incident solar radiation of each month, for the Australian continent between 1970-2016. Monthly solar radiation regulates rates of plant growth. Modelled by expressing observed monthly solar radiation as normalised anomalies with respect to a standard Angstrom equation that expresses monthly solar radiation in terms of astonomically determined parameters and relative sunshine duration, as described in Hutchinson et al. (1984). The monthly anomalies were interpolated by trivariate thin plate smoothing spline functions of longitude, latitude and the proportion of wet days in the month using ANUSPLIN Version 4.5. This anomaly method provided a more direct, and more statistically robust, representation of the impact of precipitation on solar radiation than the method described in Hutchinson et al. (1984). The proportion of wet days, as provided by  ANUClimate_v1-0_rainfall-proportion-greater-than-threshold_monthly_0-01deg_1970-2016, acted as simple surrogate for relative sunshine duration. There were on average 645 observed solar radiation totals for each month between 1970 and 1996 at 64 stations across Australia obtained from the Bureau of Meteorology. Automated quality assessment rejected on average 9 data values per month with extreme studentised residuals. The root mean square of all individual cross validation residuals provided by the spline analysis is 1.15 MJ m-2 day-1 (6% of the mean). A comprehensive assessment of the analysis and the factors contributing to the quality of the final interpolated monthly solar radiation grids is in preparation.

Tags: ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, EARTH SCIENCES
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Maps of iron oxides and the color of Australian soil

Iron (Fe) oxide mineralogy in most Australian soils is poorly characterized, even though Fe oxides play an important role in soil function. Fe oxides reflect the conditions of pH, redox potential, moisture, and temperature in the soil environment. The strong pigmenting effect of Fe oxides gives most soils their color, which is largely a reflection of the soil’s Fe mineralogy. Visible-near-infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy can be used to identify and measure the abundance of certain Fe oxides in soil, and the visible range can be used to derive tristimuli soil color information. We measured the spectra of 4606 surface soil samples from across Australia using a vis-NIR spectrometer with a wavelength range of 350-2500 nm. We determined the Fe oxide abundance for each sample using the diagnostic absorption features of hematite (near 880 nm) and goethite (near 920 nm) and derived a normalized iron oxide difference index (NIODI) to better discriminate between them. The NIODI was generalized across Australia with its spatial uncertainty using sequential indicator simulation, which resulted in a map of the probability of the occurrence of hematite and goethite. We also derived soil RGB color from the spectra and mapped its distribution and uncertainty across the country using sequential Gaussian simulations. The simulated RGB color values were made into a composite true color image and were also converted to Munsell hue, value, and chroma. These color maps were compared to the map of the NIODI, and both were used to interpret our results. The maps were validated by randomly splitting the data into training and test data sets, as well as by comparing our results to existing studies on the distribution of Fe oxides in Australian soils.
Attributes: 
Units of measurement: 
1.  Munsell Hue; 
2.  Munsell Chroma; 
3.  Munsell value; 
4.  NIODI; 
5.  NIODI uncertainty.
For details please see Viscarra Rossel et al. (2010). 
Data Type: Float Grid. 
Map projection: Lambert Conformal Conic. 
Datum: GDA94. 
Map units: Decimal degrees. 
Resolution: 10,000 metres. 
File Header Information:
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NODATA_value  -9999; 
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Tags: TERN_Soils, TERN_Soils_DSM, geostatistical simulations, goethite, hematite, soil color, soil colour, soil mapping, visible-near-infrared reflectance
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Desert Uplands Plot Network: Vegetation Survey (Presence Data, Species Richness and Stem and Hollow Counts) for Plot TIMA20, Northern Queensland, Australia, 2013

The LTERN Desert Uplands Plot Network Vegetation Survey Data contains presence data, species richness data and structural data for 1 of 60 (50 after 2008) permanent 1 hectare plots in Northern Queensland, Australia. This data publication refers specifically to observations made at Plot TIMA20, and this data is accessible as a composite data package at the following location: Metcalfe, D; Vanderduys, E (2014): Desert Uplands Plot Network: Vegetation Survey (Presence Data, Species Richness and Stem and Hollow Counts), Northern Queensland, Australia, 2013. Long Term Ecological Research Network. http://www.ltern.org.au/knb/metacat/ltern2.143.33/html 
The CSIRO permanent plots are situated in Tropical Ironbark Woodlands, and extend across four leasehold cattle properties that lie within an area approximately 50km by 50km. The plots represent three vegetation management strategies, namely: 1) clearing (where all trees and shrubs are removed); 2) thinning (where ground and midstorey vegetation is removed); and 3) unmodiﬁed native woodlands where signiﬁcant thinning or clearing has not occurred. 
The Desert Uplands research plots commenced in 2004, and have been revisited in 2005, 2006, 2008 and 2013. A synopsis of related data packages which have been collected as part of the Desert Uplands Plot Network’s full program is provided at http://www.ltern.org.au/index.php/ltern-plot-networks/desert-uplands

Tags: Grazing domestic livestock, Individual plants, Plant species abundance, Plant species composition, Tropical Ironbark Woodlands, Vegetation structure, disturbance, hollows, permanent plot, stem counts
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Desert Uplands Plot Network: Bird Count Data and Notes for Plot TIMA03, Northern Queensland, Australia, 2013

The Desert Uplands Plot Network Bird Count Data contains bird fauna data for 1 of 50 permanent 1 hectare plots in Northern Queensland, Australia. This data publication refers specifically to observations made at Plot TIMA03. 
The CSIRO permanent plots are situated in Tropical Ironbark Woodlands, and extend across four leasehold cattle properties that lie within an area approximately 50km by 50km. The plots represent three vegetation management strategies, namely: 1) clearing (where all trees and shrubs are removed); 2) thinning (where ground and midstorey vegetation is removed); and 3) unmodiﬁed native woodlands where signiﬁcant thinning or clearing has not occurred. Within each 1 ha site, eight five-minute diurnal bird counts are conducted over a four day period. Two counts are completed per day at each site: one count in the morning within three hours of sunrise and the other a minimum of three hours after this period and before sunset.
This is part of a much larger dataset that spans from 2004 to 2013. Note that previous studies were undertaken at 60 permanent 1 hectare plots and that this data is accessible as a composite data package:
Metcalfe, D; Vanderduys, E (2014): Desert Uplands Plot Network: Bird Count Data and Notes, Northern Queensland, Australia, 2013. Long Term Ecological Research Network. http://www.ltern.org.au/knb/metacat/ltern2.145.23/html
The Desert Uplands research plots commenced in 2004, and have been revisited in 2005, 2006, 2008 and 2013.   A synopsis of related data packages which have been collected as part of the Desert Uplands Plot Network’s full program is provided at http://www.ltern.org.au/index.php/ltern-plot-networks/desert-uplands

Tags: Birds, Grazing domestic livestock
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Mean temperature of driest quarter: eMAST-R-Package 2.0, 0.01 degree, Australian Coverage, 1970-2012

Mean temperature of driest quarter for the Australian continent. Driest quarter is the set of 3 consecutive months for which the sum of all precipitation over the selected period is lower than any other set of 3 consecutive months. Modelled using eMAST-R-Package 2.0

Tags: 04 EARTH SCIENCES, 0401 Atmospheric Sciences
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery