AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Seabed geomorphology and habitat mapping to support the sustainable development of offshore renewable energy in Australia

Australia’s vast marine estate offers high-quality offshore wind resources that have the potential to help produce the renewable energy that Australia will need to achieve its net zero emissions targets. Mature offshore renewable industries in Europe have demonstrated that marine geoscience is critical for supporting the sustainable development, installation, operation and decommissioning of offshore wind farms. Geoscience information is used to design targeted seabed surveys and identify areas suitable for offshore infrastructure, thereby reducing uncertainty and investment risk. These data also provide important regional context for environmental impact assessments and informs evidence-based decisions consistent with government policies and regulations. Effective geomorphic characterisation of the seabed requires a standardised, multi-scalar and collaborative approach to produce definitive geomorphology maps that can support these applications. These maps synthesise interpretations of bathymetry, shallow geology, sedimentology and ecology data, to illustrate the distribution and diversity of seabed features, compositions and processes, including sediment dynamics and seabed stability. We present mapped examples demonstrating the utility of a nationally consistent seabed geomorphology mapping scheme (developed in collaboration with European agencies), for application to a broad range of geographic settings and policy-needs, including the sustainable development of offshore renewable energy in Australia.

Presented at the 2024 AMSA-NZMSS Conference Hobart Tas

Tags: Geomorphology and earth surface processes, Published_External, Seabed Mapping, marine geomorphology, national environmental science program, ocean best practice
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Establishing hydrocarbon charge to the Ashmore Platform, Bonaparte Basin, Australia: A natural seep study

To date there is one proven hydrocarbon accumulation on the Ashmore Platform, Bonaparte Basin, Australia, with hydrocarbon charge remaining a key exploration risk. To the south, the neighbouring Browse Basin has proven lateral migration of generated hydrocarbons to the basin bounding highs, as evidenced by seeps located on the Yampi Shelf. This paper describes the findings of a natural seeps study carried out to establish if migrating subsurface hydrocarbons reach the southern flanks of the Ashmore Platform basement high. The integrated study combined remote sensing, geophysical, acoustic, photographic and geochemical techniques and has identified three areas of seepage; one area characteristic of persistent seepage and two areas of interpreted episodic leakage. Geochemical data collected from samples at one of these sites demonstrates the presence of thermogenic liquid hydrocarbons, with isotopic compositions falling within the range of values exhibited by oils sourced by the Lower Cretaceous Echuca Shoals Formation. The identification of active natural seepage along the southern flank of the Ashmore Platform provides evidence that hydrocarbons generated within the Caswell Sub-basin are able to laterally migrate onto the flanks of the Ashmore Platform structural high. As such, these findings reduce charge risk for the Ashmore Platform and regional exploration risks in the northern Browse Basin.

<b>Citation:</b> Stalvies, C., Talukder, A., Ross, A., Grosjean, E., Carr, A., Williams, A., Gresham, M., Binning, M. &amp; Jablonski, D., 2017. Establishing hydrocarbon charge to the Ashmore Platform, Bonaparte Basin, Australia: A natural seeps study. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 82, pp.56–68.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.12.018

Tags: Ashmore Platform, Browse Basin, Echuca Shoals Formation, Hydrocarbon Seepage, Hydrocarbon migration, Marine survey, Seep detection
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Onshore and Offshore Borehole Data Services (WMS & WFs using GeosciML)

Geoscience Australia defines a borehole as the generalized term for any narrow shaft drilled in the ground, either vertically or horizontally, and would include Mineral Drillholes, Petroleum Wells and Water Bores along with a variety of others types, but does not include Costean, Trench or Pit. 

For the purpose of a borehole as defined by GeoSciML Borehole 3.0, the dataset has been restricted to onshore and offshore Australian boreholes, and bores that have the potential to support geological investigations and assessment of a variety of resources.

Tags: Environmental Science and Management, Published_External, Thematic Data, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction off the Northwest Shelf

Map showing Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction off the Northwest Shelf.
One of the 27 constituent maps of the "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction Map Series" (GeoCat 71789).
Depicting Australia's extended continental shelf approved by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in April 2008, treaties and various maritime zones.  Background bathymetric image is derived from a combination of the 2009 9 arc second bathymetric and topographic grid by GA and a grid by Smith and Sandwell, 1997. Background land imagery derived from Blue Marble, NASA's Earth Observatory.
A0 sized .pdf downloadable from the web.

Tags: AU-WA, Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Thematic Map, administrative boundaries, bathymetry, marine, marine jurisdiction
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
5028 Block 1 (Southwest) reduced radiometric point-located data

GENERAL
 The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric, method measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays originating from the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). Radiometric data has many uses including geological mapping, mineral exploration, and environmental studies.

REDUCED DATA
 The reduced point-located data are processed using standard methods to highlight the concentrations of each radioelement (K, U, Th) in the ground surface.
 The following reductions are applied:
 1. Noise-Adjusted Singular Value Decomposition (NASVD) filtering.
 2. Corrections for live time, background (cosmic, aircraft and radon) removal, stripping, height attenuation and window sensitivity. 
 3. Tie-line levelling. 
 4. Micro-levelling. 

This 5028 Block 1 (Southwest) reduced radiometric point-located data were acquired in 2024 by the WA Government, and consisted of 415090 line-kilometres of data at 100m line spacing and 50m terrain clearance.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NASVD, Published_External, WA, airborne digital data, gamma-ray, geophysical survey, geophysics, line, point-located, potassium, radiometrics, spectrometry, survey 5028, thorium, uranium
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction: Search and Rescue Region

Map showing the whole extent of Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction. Produced for the Australian Customs Service (Border Protection) with simplified legend showing 2012 confirmed CS and unconfirmed areas. Updated in 2019 to reflect the 2018 Australia Timor-Leste Maritime Boundaries Treaty. Also refer to eCat 132906 (without SAR zone).

Tags: Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Thematic Map, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Towards spatially distributed quantitative assessment of tsunami inundation models

In this paper a new benchmark for tsunami model validation is pro-
posed. The benchmark is based upon the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami,
which provides a uniquely large amount of observational data for model
comparison. Unlike the small number of existing benchmarks, the pro-
posed test validates all three stages of tsunami evolution - generation,
propagation and inundation. Specifically we use geodetic measurements
of the Sumatra{Andaman earthquake to validate the tsunami source, al-
timetry data from the jason satellite to test open ocean propagation,
eye-witness accounts to assess near shore propagation and a detailed inundation survey of Patong Bay, Thailand to compare model and observed inundation. Furthermore we utilise this benchmark to further validate the hydrodynamic modelling tool anuga which is used to simulate the tsunami inundation. Important buildings and other structures were incorporated into the underlying computational mesh and shown to have a large inuence of inundation extent. Sensitivity analysis also showed that the model predictions are comparatively insensitive to large changes in friction and small perturbations in wave weight at the 100 m depth contour.

Tags: DEM, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, coasts, flood, marine, model, tsunamis
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The Fitzroy Contaminants Project - A Study of the Nutrient and Fine-sediment Dynamics of the Fitzroy Estuary and Keppel Bay

The Fitzroy catchment is the largest Queensland catchment discharging to the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) lagoon. Sediments and nutrients together with anthropogenic pollutants originating upstream in the catchment are discharged from the Fitzroy River via the Fitzroy Estuary (FE) and ultimately into Keppel Bay (KB). The estuary and the bay act as natural chemical reactors where the materials delivered undergo chemical and physical transformations before some are deposited and stored in the growing deltaic and beach areas, with the remainder transported eastward to the southern zone of the GBR lagoon.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Report, coasts, geochemistry, geomorphology, marine, sedimentology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
5028 Block 3 (Northwest) Grid of Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) with standard reductions applied

Total magnetic intensity (TMI) data measures variations in the intensity of the Earth's magnetic field caused by the contrasting content of rock-forming minerals in the Earth crust. Magnetic anomalies can be either positive (field stronger than normal) or negative (field weaker) depending on the susceptibility of the rock. The data are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
This 5028 Block 3 (Northwest) Grid of Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) with standard reductions applied has a cell size of  degrees (approximately 20m). The units are in nanoTesla (or nT). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 2024 by the WA Government, and consisted of 415090 line-kilometres of data at 100m line spacing and 50m terrain clearance.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, Published_External, TMI, WA, airborne digital data, geophysical survey, geophysics, grid, mag, magnetics, magnetism, palaeomagnetism, raster, survey 5028, total magnetic intensity
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Research Cruise Proposal : Light Hydrocarbon Geochemistry of the Bass, Otway, Stansbury and Gippsland Basins, and Torquay Sub-basin, Southeastern Australia : Project 9131.20

The measurement of the concentrations and molecular compositions of light hydrocarbon gases within the water column overlying offshore sedimentary basins can provide, under suitable circumstances, significant information on hydrocarbon source rock maturity and/or type, and the most likely locations for petroleum accumulation within basins. These measurements are usually made using a hydrocarbon 'sniffer', which comprises a submersible fish which is towed near the seafloor, and from which water is pumped to the surface and continuously analysed via gas chromatography. Compared with overseas, relatively few 'sniffer' surveys have been carried out around Australia, and hence the applicability and usefullness of this technique to the Australian situation is as yet undetermined.

As a continuation of its geochemical research program, the Division of Marine Geosciences and Petroleum Geology (Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources) will conduct a co-operative geochemical research survey withTransglobal Exploration and Geoscience (TEG) of Leucadia, California, USA, in southeastern Australia between February 1 and March 2, 1989. The cruise will be of 30 days duration and will involve work in the Gippsland, Bass, Otway and Stansbury Basins and the Torquay Sub-basin. A detailed proprietary program will be carried out in the Bass and Stansbury Basins in co-operation with Amoco Production Company. Two regional lines will be run from the Torquay Sub-basin, across the Cape Otway-King Island High, to the Crayfish Platform in the west of the Otway Basin (see Fig. 2). Regional lines will also be run in the Gippsland Basin, with an additional detailed program over several known oil and/or gas accumulations. In addition to the water column geochemistry, a limited sampling program will investigate the light hydrocarbon geochemistry of sediments over known oil and gas fieldsin the Gippsland Basin.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geochemistry, marine, petroleum exploration
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Flushing of Australian estuaries, coastal lakes and embayments: an overview with biogeochemical commentary

Examination of a simple, but quantitative parameter, Sf/So, the ratio of average salinity of a coastal waterway/marine source water salinity, both geographically and temporally, identified five major types of coastal environment around Australia: (i) runoff-dominated annually - found mostly on the eastern seaboard, where rainfall is near continuous year-round ; (ii) seawater-dominated annually- large embayments with small runoffs; (iii) evaporation-dominated annually - found on the fringes of arid climate zones of western Australia, such as Shark Bay and in South Australia, Spencer and St. Vincents Gulf; (iv) runoff-dominated in the summer monsoon and evaporation-dominated in the winter - e.g. the northern Australian estuaries near moist-tropical and semi-arid zones with summer rains; and (v) runoff-dominated in the winter and evaporation-dominated in the summer-e.g. the estuaries and coastal lakes of southwestern Australia. A general equation of salt and water mass balances, including an evaporation term, was used to estimate freshwater residence time, a proxy for dissolved anthropogenic input. Geographic and temporal variation in climate forcing factors, notably seasonal variation in rain-fall and runoff and the net of evaporation and precipitation, exert major controls on residence time and flushing of Australian coastal environments. The inverse of the residence time (1/T day-1) is an important parameter in the estimation of quantities of dissolved anthropogenic inputs flushed from the coastal environment to the sea. As such, it is one important parameter for evaluating coastal water quality.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Marine Seismic Survey Impacts on Fish and Invertebrates: Final Report for Gippsland Marine Environmental Monitoring Study

This report is the culmination of the Gippsland Marine Environmental Monitoring (GMEM) project. The GMEM was developed in response to stakeholder concerns from the fisheries industry about a Geoscience Australia seismic survey in the Gippsland Basin (GA352 in April 2015), in addition to a broader need to acquire baseline data to be used to quantify impacts of seismic operations on marine organisms. The GMEM involves six components: 1) Theoretical sound modelling, 2) Sound monitoring and field-based modelling, 3) Scallop assessment using an Automated Underwater Vehicle (AUV), 4) Scallop assessment using dredging 5) Fish avoidance behaviour using acoustic tagging and monitoring, and 6) Analysis of fisheries catch data. The results and interpretations of these components are detailed in this final report.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Preliminary report on geological work during the relief voyage of the MV 'Magga Dan', January-March, 1961

An account is given of geological work done at Chick Henry Islands on the Sabrina Coast and the Wilson Hills in Oates Land. Chick Island is a porphyritic charnockitic granite and Henry Island a porphyritic biotite granite. The rocks at all places examined in the Wilson Hills and the nearby Aviation Islands are migmatites, consisting of an irregular network of granite veins through banded feldspar-biotite gneiss; a few pegmatites are present. Small-scale folding can be seen at many places.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction in the Coral Sea (North)

Map showing Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction in the northern part of the Coral Sea.
One of the 27 constituent maps of the "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction Map Series" (GeoCat 71789).
Depicting Australia's extended continental shelf, approved by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in April 2008, treaties and various maritime zones.  Background bathymetric image is derived from a combination of the 2009 9 arc second bathymetric and topographic grid by GA and a grid by Smith and Sandwell, 1997. Background land imagery derived from Blue Marble, NASA's Earth Observatory.
A0 sized .pdf downloadable from the web.

Tags: AU-QLD, Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Thematic Map, administrative boundaries, bathymetry, continental shelf, marine, marine jurisdiction
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Kinetics of hydrocarbon generation from the marine Ordovician Goldwyer Formation, Canning Basin, Western Australia

Pyrolysis and bulk kinetic studies were used to investigate the hydrocarbon generation potential and source rock facies variability of the marine organic-rich rocks from the Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) Goldwyer Formation in the Canning Basin, Western Australia. Rock Eval pyrolysis results for the analysed immature to mid-mature calcareous mudstones imply that the upper Goldwyer Sequence I samples contain oil-prone Type I kerogen, while the lower Goldwyer Sequence III samples comprise on average Type II/III oil- and gas-prone kerogen. This is supported by the pyrolysis gas chromatography (Py-GC) results that show the presence of homogenous organofacies in the Goldwyer Sequence I that comprise aliphatic molecular signatures, possibly attributed to the selective preservation of the lipid fraction derived from <i>Gloeocapsomorpha prisca</i> (<i>G. prisca</i>). The heterogeneous organofacies of the Goldwyer Sequence III contains aromatic moieties that are present in similar abundance as the aliphatic compounds. The calcareous claystones of the Goldwyer Sequence I have the capacity to generate paraffinic oil with low wax contents, whereas those of the Goldwyer Sequence III have generative potential for paraffinic-naphthenic-aromatic (P-N-A) low wax oils and gas and condensate.

The temperature for hydrocarbon generation for the Type I kerogen, assuming a constant geological heating rate of 3oC/Ma, is estimated to occur over a narrow interval between 145oC and 170oC for the Goldwyer Sequence I samples. Generation from the Type II/III kerogen occurs from 100°C to 160°C in the Goldwyer Sequence III samples which are significantly thermally less stable than observed for the Goldwyer Sequence I samples. The kinetics results for both sequences were used in standard thermal and burial history plots to evaluate their transformation ratio and hydrocarbon generative potential. This provided a basin-specific kinetic input for burial history modelling and a better constraint for kerogen transformation and hydrocarbon generation on the Broome Platform.

<b>Citation:</b> Lukman M. Johnson, Reza Rezaee, Gregory C. Smith, Nicolaj Mahlstedt, Dianne S. Edwards, Ali Kadkhodaie, Hongyan Yu,; Kinetics of hydrocarbon generation from the marine Ordovician Goldwyer Formation, Canning Basin, Western Australia,<i> International Journal of Coal Geology</i>, Volume 232, <b>2020</b>, 103623, ISSN 0166-5162, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2020.103623.

Tags: Canning Basin, Compositional kinetics, EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, petroleum systems modelling input
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
SSCN SEGMENT 2-B Great Australian Bight Marine Park Bathymetry Acquisition (20240013S)

This dataset is part of a broader survey carried out by EGS onboard the survey vessel RV Bold Explorer (RV BE) during the  SUBCO Subsea Cable Network (SSCN) cable route survey. 

The area is confined to the data within the Great Australian Bight Marine Park. The Survey team and client representative joined the RV Bold Explorer on 17th April 2024 at Fremantle Port,  Australia. Following the embarkation of the survey team, equipment testing and commissioning was carried out. Calibration and verification of the DGPS positioning system and survey gyros onboard RV BE were performed while the vessel was alongside at Fremantle Port, Australia between 17th April and 18th April 2024. 

Prior to departure, tow sensors and hull-mounted sensors were wet tested. All systems were found to be operational. The RV Bold Explorer departed Fremantle Port, Australia and transited to the first site on 19th April 2024. The offshore calibration of shallow water multibeam echosounder (MBES) and USBL were performed on 19th April 2024 while the  calibration of deep water MBES was carried out on 20th April 2024.

The SSCN Segment 2-B survey comprised an investigation of bathymetry, seabed features and shallow geology along the proposed route. A subsequent geotechnical sampling programme was also executed.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, EARTH SCIENCES, HVC_144641, Multibeam, Oceans, Offshore Mapping, Published_External, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, bathymetry, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geoscience Australia Marine Data WCS

This web service contains marine geospatial data held by Geoscience Australia. It includes bathymetry and backscatter gridded data plus derived layers, bathymetry coverage information, bathmetry collection priority and planning areas, marine sediment data and other derived products. It also contains the 150 m and optimal resolution bathymetry, 5 m sidescan sonar (SSS) and synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) data collected during phase 1 and 2 marine surveys conducted by the Governments of Australia, Malaysia and the People's Republic of China for the search of Malaysian Airlines Flight MH370 in the Indian Ocean. This web service allows exploration of the seafloor topography through the compilation of multibeam sonar and other marine datasets acquired.

Tags: AusSeabed, Earth Sciences, Ecological Applications, Environmental Science and Management, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Geophysics, Indian Ocean, Oceanography, Other Earth Sciences, Other Environmental Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Published_External, WCS, backscatter, bathymetry, geomorphology, mapping, marine, multibeam, seabed, sediments, web service
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data