AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Capturing the magic of carbon dioxide: Engaging hands-on demonstrations to explain geological storage

Global implementation of geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the proposed methods to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and avoid the worst effects of future climate change. However, conveying the benefits of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is a real challenge. In this article we explore the use of theatrical demonstrations that allow the public to interact with and control the behaviour of CO2 to reduce barriers to the technology. Engaging hands-on demonstrations offer the opportunity to ‘explain the magic’ and reinforce key concepts for the safe and effective storage of greenhouse gases.
Citation: Feitz, A., Hovorka, S. and Lehane, K. (2019), 'Capturing the magic of carbon dioxide: Engaging hands-on demonstrations to explain geological storage’, Journal of Science &amp; Popular Culture, 2:2, pp. 125–42, doi: 10.1386/ jspc_00003_1

Tags: CO2, Climate Change Processes, Communication Studies, EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, climate mitigation, education, geological storage, geosequestration, greenhouse gas, outreach
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
A new bathymetric compilation of the Cape Darnley region, East Antarctica

The Cape Darnley region in East Antarctica has been an area of scientific interest for a variety of disciplines over the last three decades. The recent acquisition of several high-resolution bathymetry datasets enabled the compilation of a detailed regional bathymetry grid. We present a high-resolution bathymetric compilation of the Cape Darnley region in East Antarctica, including areas of the Mac.Robertson Land shelf, slope and adjacent deep sea. A variety of data, single-beam and multibeam swath bathymetry and digitized depths from nautical charts were sourced from numerous institutions. The 100 m-resolution gridded bathymetric dataset improves previous bathymetric representations of the region and enables visualization of the seafloor morphology in unprecedented detail. The bathymetry grid has been constructed using a layered hierarchy approach based on the source of each dataset. This data compilation forms important baseline information for a range of scientific applications and end users including oceanographers, glacial modellers, biologists and geologists. The compilation will aid numerical modelling of ocean circulation, reconstruction of palaeo-ice streams and refinement of ice-sheet models.
Citation: Smith J, Nogi Y, Spinoccia M, Dorschel B, Leventer A. A bathymetric compilation of the Cape Darnley region, East Antarctica. Antarctic Science. 2021;33(5):548-559. doi:10.1017/S0954102021000298

Tags: Cape Darnley, East Antarctica, Mac.Robertson shelf, Marine Geoscience, Published_External, bathymetric mapping, data compilation, multibeam echosounder
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Summary of regional survey of the Cotter River area, carried out by student geologists, WJ Orme and HM Harris

This work was undertaken to extend regional mapping in the central and western portions of the A.C.T. and to provide a geological map of the Cotter River Area for use in engineering investigations. The regional geology portion of the Cotter Valley between Gingera and Bull's Head had previously been mapped on a scale of 1/2 mile to the inch, and this map was extended, by the recent survey, northwards to the Territory border and north-easterly to the Murrumbidgee River.

Tags: AU-ACT, GA Publication, Geology, Published_External, Record, geology, mapping
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geology and shale resources of Canberra brickyards: Interim report

At the request of the Minister for Works and Housing, a geological survey of the Canberra Brickyards was commenced in October 1949, to determine present reserves of brick making materials. This interim report contains a description of the strata and structures exposed in the brick pits, and details of estimates of shale reserves. A full geological report will be prepared when the extended survey is complete.

Tags: AU-ACT, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geology, resource assessment, stratigraphy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Coorabin coalfield: summary of results of geological survey of Coorabin area

Car traverses were made in several directions over an area of 30 miles square with Coorabin as a centre, with the object of delimiting, if possible, the margins of the coal basin. The results of the geological survey are summarised herein.

Tags: AU-NSW, GA Publication, Geology, Published_External, Record, commodities, hydrocarbons, mineral deposits, resource assessment
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Report on probable grade of ore to be milled by King Island Scheelite, NL in the next two years

At the request of Mr. G. Lindesay Clark, Deputy Controller of Minerals Production, estimates have been made of the grade of ore likely to be delivered to the mill during the next two years under conditions of half-scale production. The methods of estimating tonnage and grade, as well as the resultant estimates, are discussed in this report.

Tags: AU-TAS, GA Publication, Geology, Published_External, Record, geology, ore
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Micro-examination of samples from Curragundi bore, on portion 15, ph Gingham, county Benarba, northern New South Wales

The Curragundi Bore is situated in Portion 15, Ph. Gingham, County Benarba, 12 miles east of Four Posts No. 2 Bore and 11 miles west of Midkin No. 3 Bore. It is about 40 miles southeast of Boronga No. 2 Bore reported upon 30/5/42. The samples examined for micro-fauna were taken from the depth of 50 feet down to 2107 feet 6 inches. The results of this micro-examination are recorded in this report.

Tags: AU-NSW, GA Publication, Geology, Published_External, Record, geology, palaeontology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Micro-examination of samples from Mrs. F.F. Bennett's Bore No. 3805, Muttama, Quambone, New South Wales

This report describes the results of a micro-examination of rock samples from Mrs. F.F. Bennett's Bore No. 3805. The samples were taken between the depths of 17 feet and 1984 feet.

Tags: AU-NSW, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, palaeontology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Note on salt at Widgiemooltha, Western Australia

Salt is harvested from the surface of Lake Cowan, approximately 8 miles east of Widgiemooltha. This report follows a visit to the lake in July, 1945, and comprises notes on geology, salt deposits, grade, and harvesting.

Tags: AU-WA, GA Publication, Geology, Published_External, Record, geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Report on reconnaissance survey in the search for radioactive minerals, Marble Bar district, Pilbara goldfields

The report is the result of a five weeks survey of radio-active occurrences in the Marble Bar District. The principal deposits of alluvial monazite were checked and two new radio-active occurrences in granitic rocks were reported. Accompanying plans of the Marble Bar and Wodgina areas are included.

Tags: AU-WA, GA Publication, Geology, Published_External, Record, geology, mineral deposits, mineral exploration
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
A very unconventional hydrocarbon play: The Mesoproterozoic Velkerri Formation of northern Australia

The ca. 1.5–1.3 Ga Roper Group of the greater McArthur Basin is a component of one of the most extensive Precambrian hydrocarbon-bearing basins preserved in the geological record, recently assessed as of 429 million bbl oil (68 million cubic meters of oil) and between 8 and 118 TCF (222.56 billion cubic meters) of gas (in place). It was deposited in an intracratonic sea, referred to here as the McArthur-Yanliao gulf.
The Velkerri Formation forms the major deep-water facies of the Roper Group. Trace metal redox proxies from this formation indicate that it was deposited in stratified waters, in which a shallow oxic layer overlay suboxic to anoxic waters. These deep waters became episodically euxinic during periods of high organic carbon export. The Velkerri Formation has organic carbon contents that reach ∼10 wt. %. Variations in organic carbon isotopes are consistent with organic carbon enrichment being associated with increases in primary productivity and export, rather than flooding surfaces or variations in mineralogy.
Although deposition of the Velkerri Formation in an intracontinental setting has been well established, recent global reconstructions show a broader mid to low latitude gulf, with deposition of the Velkerri Formation being coeval with the widespread deposition of organic-rich rocks across northern Australia and northern China. The deposition of these organic-rich rocks may have been accompanied by significant oxygenation associated with such widespread organic carbon burial during the Mesoproterozoic.
Citation: Grant M. Cox, Alan S. Collins, Amber J. M. Jarrett, Morgan L. Blades, April V. Shannon, Bo Yang, Juraj Farkas, Philip A. Hall, Brendan O’Hara, David Close, Elizabeth T. Baruch; A very unconventional hydrocarbon play: The Mesoproterozoic Velkerri Formation of northern Australia. AAPG Bulletin 2022;; 106 (6): 1213–1237. doi: https://doi.org/10.1306/12162120148

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, Velkerri Formation, source rock characteristics, thermal maturity, total organic carbon - TOC
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Relative sea-level records preserved in Holocene beach-ridge strandplains – An example from tropical northeastern Australia

Northeastern Queensland is a far-field site from ice caps formed during the Last Glacial. However, the region has experienced glacio-hydroisostatically driven coastal elevation change during the Holocene that generated a distinctive relative sea-level record. We tested whether this subtle vertical movement of the coast is recorded in the morphology and stratigraphy of the beach-ridge strandplain at Cowley Beach, which comprises a series of 36 prominent and several subdued or truncated beach ridges. Previous studies have shown that the strandplain records the long-term progradation of the coast, with the ridges comprising coarse-medium sand that was deposited during both fairweather (foreshore and berm facies) and tropical cyclone events (erosional unconformities; storm-surge deposits) over the past approximately 7 ka. We utilised a fine-scale digital elevation model of the strandplain to examine beach ridge morphology and to compare the elevation pattern with published Holocene sea-level data for the region. The overall elevation pattern of the strandplain surface is consistent with the regional sea-level history, that includes a highstand at around 6 ka BP generated by isostatic uplift, and the elevation of the berm facies matches well robust coral sea-level indicator data. We also modelled the strandplain topographic patterns that would result under stable and continually rising Holocene sea-levels. The frequencies of elevation classes across the strandplain are normally distributed when the strandplain is deposited during a period of stable sea level, and negatively skewed with a continually rising sea level, consistent with the expected patterns. The results indicate the sensitivity of the elevation of the top of the berm facies preserved in beach ridges to subtle changes in sea level (tens of cm over a thousand years). Our results further underline the utility of beach-ridge strandplains, a globally distributed coastal landform, for building relatively detailed regional records of sea level during the Holocene at sites currently lacking this information.
Citation:. Brendan P. Brooke, Zhi Huang, William A. Nicholas, Thomas S.N. Oliver, Toru Tamura, Colin D. Woodroffe, Scott L. Nichol, Relative sea-level records preserved in Holocene beach-ridge strandplains – An example from tropical northeastern Australia, Marine Geology, Volume 411, 2019, Pages 107-118, ISSN 0025-3227, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2019.02.005.

Tags: Beach ridges, Coastal LiDAR, EARTH SCIENCES, Glacio-hydroisostatic effect, Holocene sea level, Published_External, Strandplain morphology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The Centralian Superbasin (Canning, Amadeus, Georgina and Officer basins) Stratigraphic Review and Well Correlations

Geoscience Australia is leading the regional evaluation of potential subsurface mineral, energy and groundwater resources, through the Exploring for the Future (EFTF) program. Understanding the subsurface stratigraphy and depositional systems is fundamental for any exploration activities. The major challenge for exploration in northern and southern Australian onshore basins is the limited seismic data coverage; however, maximising the use of data in existing wells is a valuable source of information from which to gain insights into prospectivity. Data from 142 wells from the Canning, Amadeus, Georgina and Officer basins in the Centralian Superbasin have been used to evaluate the subsurface geology, stratigraphy and depositional environments in order to generate two-dimensional well correlations within and between basins. Primary objectives of the study are to: 
•   establish a methodology to integrate the well data with Geoscience Australia’s many other datasets (i.e., Australian Stratigraphic Unit, Time Scale, Geochronology, STRATDAT, RESFACS) and publicly available (published and unpublished) research data and information
•   determine the lithostratigraphic unit tops, log and lithology characterisations, depositional facies, boundary criteria, spatial and temporal distribution and regional correlation
•   identify key biostratigraphic zones and markers, and geochronological absolute age dates to generate a chronostratigraphic Time-Space Diagram for each basin.
This report improves the understanding of the tectonostratigraphic relationships across the Centralian Superbasin. The age of the sedimentary successions of the Centralian Superbasin have been refined using geochronology, biostratigraphy and lithostratigraphic correlation. The key results of the study are:
•   the Centralian Superbasin started to form at about 840 Ma with a series of extension, rifting and crustal sagging events that preceded the breakup of the Neoproterozoic Rodinia Supercontinent in the mid-Tonian
•   sedimentary sections deposited through parts of the global Sturtian and Marinoan glaciations are recognised in the Centralian Superbasin representing time spans of 717–668 Ma and 640–635.5 Ma, respectively
•   the intra-basin connection between the Canning and the Amadeus basins with the Proto-Pacific Ocean in the east, known as the Larapintine Seaway, was formed during the 480–460 Ma extensional and subsidence of the Larapinta Event. This has been determined from the integration of the recently interpreted seismic data from the Kidson Sub-basin (Kidson Sub-basin 2D Seismic Survey, EFTF) and conodont biostratigraphy in the Amadeus Basin.

Tags: Amadeus, Canning, Correlation, EARTH SCIENCES, Georgina, Officer, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Apparent conflicting Roadian–Wordian (middle Permian) CA-IDTIMS and palynology ages from the Canning Basin, Western Australia

U–Pb dating of zircons from thin middle Permian tuffs in the Canning Basin of Western Australia by chemical abrasion-isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry reveals a conflict with the established spore-pollen zonation. Normally, the first appearance datum of Dulhuntyispora granulata across the continent lies stratigraphically above assemblages assigned to the Microbaculispora villosa Zone. However, the youngest tuffs within non-marine facies from the M. villosa Zone in Pittston SD-1, drilled in the southwest of the Canning Basin, yielded an age of 267.04 ± 0.14 Ma, which is 1.7 million years younger than tuffs associated with the D. granulata Zone in marginal-marine facies from core holes 350–400 km to the northeast. The apparent conflict in ages is possibly due to the non-marine depositional environment having wielded a strong local influence on the palynoflora along the edge of this basin. Although the present information indicates an age 2.5 million years younger than the 266.6 Ma age previously suggested for the top of the M. villosa Zone, revisions to the ages of Roadian–Wordian spore-pollen zones are not considered justifiable without further supporting evidence. Furthermore, considerable care is needed when comparing palynological assemblages from significantly differing facies. Two basaltic sills (43.5 m and 20 m thick) immediately below the tuffaceous beds in Pittston SD-1 are coincidental, as Ar–Ar dating indicates a Late Triassic age for the intrusions.
Citation: Mory, A. J., Crowley, J. L., Backhouse, J., Nicoll, R. S., Bryan, S. E., López Martínez, M., &amp; Mantle, D. J. (2017). Apparent conflicting Roadian–Wordian (middle Permian) CA-IDTIMS and palynology ages from the Canning Basin, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 64(7), 889–901.
https://doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2017.1365586

Tags: Biostratigraphy, Canning Basin, EARTH SCIENCES, Permian, U-Pb zircon, argon-argon dating - Ar-Ar, chemical abrasion-isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry - CA-IDTIMS, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry - LA-ICPMS, palynostratigraphy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Kinetics of hydrocarbon generation from the marine Ordovician Goldwyer Formation, Canning Basin, Western Australia

Pyrolysis and bulk kinetic studies were used to investigate the hydrocarbon generation potential and source rock facies variability of the marine organic-rich rocks from the Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) Goldwyer Formation in the Canning Basin, Western Australia. Rock Eval pyrolysis results for the analysed immature to mid-mature calcareous mudstones imply that the upper Goldwyer Sequence I samples contain oil-prone Type I kerogen, while the lower Goldwyer Sequence III samples comprise on average Type II/III oil- and gas-prone kerogen. This is supported by the pyrolysis gas chromatography (Py-GC) results that show the presence of homogenous organofacies in the Goldwyer Sequence I that comprise aliphatic molecular signatures, possibly attributed to the selective preservation of the lipid fraction derived from Gloeocapsomorpha prisca (G. prisca). The heterogeneous organofacies of the Goldwyer Sequence III contains aromatic moieties that are present in similar abundance as the aliphatic compounds. The calcareous claystones of the Goldwyer Sequence I have the capacity to generate paraffinic oil with low wax contents, whereas those of the Goldwyer Sequence III have generative potential for paraffinic-naphthenic-aromatic (P-N-A) low wax oils and gas and condensate.
The temperature for hydrocarbon generation for the Type I kerogen, assuming a constant geological heating rate of 3oC/Ma, is estimated to occur over a narrow interval between 145oC and 170oC for the Goldwyer Sequence I samples. Generation from the Type II/III kerogen occurs from 100°C to 160°C in the Goldwyer Sequence III samples which are significantly thermally less stable than observed for the Goldwyer Sequence I samples. The kinetics results for both sequences were used in standard thermal and burial history plots to evaluate their transformation ratio and hydrocarbon generative potential. This provided a basin-specific kinetic input for burial history modelling and a better constraint for kerogen transformation and hydrocarbon generation on the Broome Platform.
Citation: Lukman M. Johnson, Reza Rezaee, Gregory C. Smith, Nicolaj Mahlstedt, Dianne S. Edwards, Ali Kadkhodaie, Hongyan Yu,; Kinetics of hydrocarbon generation from the marine Ordovician Goldwyer Formation, Canning Basin, Western Australia, International Journal of Coal Geology, Volume 232, 2020, 103623, ISSN 0166-5162, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2020.103623.

Tags: Canning Basin, Compositional kinetics, EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, petroleum systems modelling input
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Basin redox and primary productivity within the Mesoproterozoic Roper Seaway

The ca. 1.4 Ga Roper Group of the greater McArthur Basin in northern Australia comprises the sedimentary fill of one of the most extensive Precambrian hydrocarbon-bearing basins preserved in the geological record. It is interpreted to have been deposited in a large epeiric sea known as the Roper Seaway. Trace element data suggest that the redox structure of the basin was a shallow oxic layer overlying deeper suboxic to anoxic waters along with a prominent episode of euxinia. These anoxic and sulfidic conditions, as inferred by redox sensitive trace element (TE) abundances, (molybdenum, vanadium and uranium), developed due to high organic carbon loading consistent with models that suggest that euxinic conditions cannot develop until the flux of organic matter is significantly greater than the flux of bioavailable iron (Fe3+), which permits sulphate reduction to proceed. Considering the high reactive iron and molybdenum contents of these shales and the requirement for S/Fe ratios &gt;2 for euxinia to develop, suggest sufficient atmospheric O2 was available for oxidative scavenging of S and Mo from the continents. This is further supported by prominent negative cerium anomalies within these shales, indicative of active oxidative redox cycling of cerium. We propose that the high organic matter flux was the result of increased nutrient loading to the Roper Seaway from weathering of the continental hinterland. Data from both major and high-field strength elements (niobium, tantalum, zirconium and, hafnium) together with neodymium isotopes (143Nd/144Nd) indicate that a likely mechanism for this enhanced nutrient delivery was a shift in sedimentary provenance to a more primitive (i.e. mafic) precursor lithology. This switch in provenance would have increased phosphorus delivery to the Roper Seaway, contributing to high primary productivity and the onset of euxinia. This dataset and model serve as a basis for understanding the temporal evolution of the deepest sections of the Roper Seaway and finer scale changes in the environment at this time.
Citation: Grant M. Cox, Amber Jarrett, Dianne Edwards, Peter W. Crockford, Galen P. Halverson, Alan S. Collins, André Poirier, Zheng-Xiang Li, Basin redox and primary productivity within the Mesoproterozoic Roper Seaway, Chemical Geology, Volume 440, 2016, Pages 101-114, ISSN 0009-2541, 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.06.025.

Tags: Beetaloo sub-basin, EARTH SCIENCES, McArthur Basin, Published_External, atmospheric oxygen, basaltic weathering, high primary productivity, mesoproterozoic, unconventional shale gas
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Satellite tracking of emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) fledglings at Amanda Bay in 2011

As seabirds emperor penguins spent a large proportion of their lives at sea. For food they depend entirely on marine resources. Young penguins rarely return to their natal colonies after their first year. Satellite tracking will give us insights into where foraging areas may be that are important for these birds. This tracking work is part of a multi-species study funded by the Integrated Marine Observation System (IMOS).
These data are from penguins from the Amanda Bay area, and for the 2010-2011 season.

Tags: AMD, AMD/AU, ARGOS > ARGOS Data Collection and Position Location System, CEOS, CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS, Emperor Penguin, Fledgling, GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR, IMOS, OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN, SATELLITES, Tracking
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network