AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Installation Report for Arcturus (ARA): An inland baseline station for the continuous measurement of atmospheric greenhouse gases

An atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring station began operation in July 2010 near Emerald, Queensland. The station is part of a collaborative project between Geoscience Australia (GA) and CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research (CMAR) to establish and operate a high precision atmospheric monitoring facility for measurement of baseline greenhouse gases (GHG) in a high priority geological carbon dioxide storage region. The primary purpose of the station is to field test newly developed greenhouse gas monitoring technology and demonstrate best practice for regional baseline atmospheric monitoring appropriate for geological storage of carbon dioxide. The GHG records were to be used as a reference for monitoring of the atmosphere at a CO2 storage project, providing a baseline to quantify typical variations in the area and a background against which any anomalies in the immediate vicinity of the storage might be detected.
The site chosen for the GHG atmospheric monitoring station is in the locality of Arcturus, 50 km southeast of Emerald in the Central Highlands, Queensland. Site selection was based on the recommendations of the Carbon Storage Taskforce's National Carbon Mapping and Infrastructure Plan, regional assessments of prospective basins, regional atmospheric modelling, and consultation with key stakeholders. The key driver for the stakeholder consultation group was to support early projects for large scale onshore geological storage.  Both the Bowen and Surat basins were identified as potential early mover onshore storage regions by the group and suitable for a regional atmospheric monitoring station. During early 2010, ZeroGen had an active exploration program for geological storage and the site was eventually located approximately 8km upwind from the boundary of ZeroGen's most prospective storage area in the northern Denison Trough, part of the larger Bowen Basin. 
The Arcturus site and environs is representative of the activities and ecology of Queenslan's Central Highlands and the greenhouse gas signals are likely be influenced by cropping, pasture, cattle production, and gas and coal activities. These same activities are also likely to be dominant sources of greenhouse gases in the Surat Basin. Importantly, the site is secure, can be accessed via an existing road, is not subject to flooding, and has easy access to electrical lines that only required the installation of a transformer on an electric pole. A long lead time for new electricity connections at remote sites (potentially greater than 12 months) was identified as a key risk to the project. Negotiations with the electricity supplier resulted in connection in less than 4 months. An access agreement was negotiated with the landowner to enable the installation of the monitoring station and access to the site.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, atmosphere, carbon dioxide, geological storage of CO2
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
National Gravity Compilation 2019 Ausdrape elevation ellipsoid image (hillshade HSI)

Digital Elevation data record the terrain height variations from the processed SRTM surface elevation 3 second grid data with a drape surface overlain. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 Ausdrape elevation ellipsoid image (hillshade HSI) contains the elevation of the observation surface for the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids B series relative to the GRS80 ellipsoid (GDA94 datum). These data are used in the project No. 202008. The grid used to produce this image has a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). All data (i.e., ground, airborne and marine derived from satellite altimetry) were vertically continued to this surface during processing. The surface was generated to mimic a smooth airborne survey drape surface with a minimum surface clearance of 250 m and an isotropic maximum climb and descent rates of 25 m per km. The ground surface data were derived from SRTM data with 3 second grid cell size. The data are given in units of meters.

Tags: Australia, DEM, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, Elevation, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, airborne, digital data, ellipsoid, geophysical survey, geophysics, grid, image, raster, survey 202008, terrain
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Report on Cockburn Sound Field Survey March 2004: Coastal Water Habitat Mapping Project - Coastal Geomorphology and Classification Subproject Milestone Report CG3-02

This report describes the field survey carried out in Cockburn Sound, Western Australia by Geoscience Australia (GA) staff for the Coastal Geomorphology and Classification Subproject (CG) of the Coastal Water Habitat Mapping Project (CWHM). It documents the various sampling techniques and procedures used to collect surface and subsurface samples from the Sound; details of the vibracores and grab samples recovered and the proposed analyses to be performed on these samples.

The results of the analysis of the grab samples will be used to classify the various surface sediment types encountered as well as map their distribution within Cockburn Sound. The analysis and interpretation of the vibracores will allow the reconstruction of the stratigraphic framework of Cockburn Sound. This information will be used in conjunction with the findings of the other subprojects in the CWHM Project. For example, it will assist in ground-truthing the results of the both the single and multi-beam sonar surveys that have and are to be carried out within Cockburn Sound by Curtin University. It will also provide key substrate information for incorporation into a more comprehensive benthic habitat classification for the sound.

Tags: AU-WA, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Report, geomorphology, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
From critical minerals to food security, the benefits of data collaboration

The volume of data available to the public is continuing to grow at exponential rates and as such the demand for these data in a variety of formats is increasing. The audiences interested in our data is also expanding, and a need for curated, multi-purpose outputs is growing in tandem. Collaborative databases such as the Critical Mineral Mapping Initiative’s (CMMI) Critical Minerals in Ores (CMiO) and federated data platforms such as isotopesAU as well as Geoscience Australia’s GeoInsight platform are examples of cross-organisational data collaborations that strive to meet these needs.

Tags: CMMI, CMiO, Data Management And Data Science, EFTF – Exploring for the Future, GeoInsight, Geochemistry, Geoinformatics, Geology, Published_External, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, big data, collaboration, critical minerals, integration
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Late Holocene sediment in Nara Inlet, central Great Barrier Reef platform, Australia: sediment accumulation on the middle shelf of a tropical mixed clastic/carbonate system

Nara Inlet in the Whitsunday Islands is a natural depocenter for clastic and carbonate sediment on the middle shelf of the central Great Barrier Reef (GBR) platform. Three sediment cores were collected from the inlet to understand sediment accumulation in this tropical mixed clastic/carbonate system over time. Surface and subsurface sediment is comprised of two main components: terrigenous clay and shallow marine carbonate. Similar to other regions on the middle shelf of the GBR platform, the carbonate component, 25.80% by weight and dominated by Sr-poor foraminifera tests and mollusc shells, generally increases towards the surface. Radiocarbon ages derived from tests of benthic foraminifera indicate that the top 3 m of sediment accumulated within the last 3000 years, but that the rate has slowed toward present-day. The change in clastic and carbonate abundance therefore indicates a system where both clastic and carbonate accumulation has decreased over time, but where clastic accumulation has decreased faster. Reduced clastic accumulation may reflect progressive impedance of terrigenous input by a laterally growing fringing reef at the mouth of Nara Inlet. Likewise, reduced carbonate accumulation may reflect preferential reef growth and carbonate deposition outside of the inlet. Even though clastic accumulation has decreased significantly over time, the late Holocene mass, composition, and distribution of clastic material in Nara Inlet implies a terrigenous source previously unrecognized in models for the evolution of the GBR platform. Large amounts of terrigenous sediment probably were stored around topographic highs on the middle shelf during lowstand and early transgression. This clastic material was then removed over time, mixed with autochthonous carbonate, and deposited in embayments on the middle shelf. The accumulation of sediment on the middle shelf of a tropical mixed clastic/carbonate margin is not straightforward.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Bass Strait And Encounter Bay Aeromagnetic Survey, 1960-1961 By Haematite Explorations Proprietary Limited

This report refers to an offshore aeromagnetic survey over the continental shelf of south-eastern Australia, from Gippsland in the east, through Bass Strait, to Encounter Bay and Kangaroo Island in the west. The survey was carried out for Haematite Explorations Proprietary Limited by Aero Service Limited during the period 17th September to 21st December, 1961. A previous reconnaissance aeromagnetic survey carried out by the same contractor over Bass Strait in December, 1960, had indicated the existence of deep Tertiary-Mesozoic sedimentary basins.

The objective of the later survey was to delineate these basins and to extend the investigation farther westward with a view to selecting areas for marine seismic surveys. 17,945 miles of aeromagnetic traverse were flown and the results of the operation are presented as contoured maps of total magnetic field intensity and of interpreted basement depth.

As a result of the survey, several areas of deep sedimentation were delineated in sufficient detail to allow for the planning of subsequent investigation by marine seismic surveys.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Other Publication, Published_External, petroleum exploration
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geomorphic Features of Australia's Marine Jurisdiction WFS

The Geomorphic Features of Australia's Marine Jurisdiction web service brings together various datasets produced by Geoscience Australia that describe the distribution and types of geomorphic features found on the seabed of Australia's marine jurisdiction. This jurisdiction covers Australia's Exclusive Economic Zone, including offshore islands and territories. Geomorphic features have been identified using the best available bathymetric data with features generally mapped at a scale of 1:5 000 000.

Tags: Australia, EEZ, Earth Sciences, Published_External, WFS, geomorphology, marine, seabed, web feature service, web service
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The late Paleoproterozoic Buddycurrawa Volcanics, South Nicholson region

The Buddycurrawa Volcanics (BV, Benmara Group) are a sequence of trachyte lavas and interleaved shallow-marine siliciclastic rocks, exposed in the Benmara region, northwestern Mount Drummond 1:250 000 map sheet, Northern Territory. Previous information, including resource potential, on the BV was limited, and stratigraphic correlation with other regional volcanic units was speculative. Our new geochronology data establish the extrusion age of the BV as late Paleoproterozoic, constrained by a maximum age of ca. 1662 Ma (SHRIMP U-Pb zircon) and a minimum age of ca 1631 Ma (in situ laser Rb-Sr on glauconite within vesicles). The BV are, therefore, temporally equivalent to numerous ash fall tuffs reported throughout regional highly prospective late Paleoproterozoic successions. The BV also host vertical siliceous pipes, representing ‘white smokers’—peripheral low-temperature equivalents of black smokers—suggestive of a regional shallow-marine hydrothermal circulatory system and potential for associated base metal mineral systems. The BV are pervasively potassically altered. Laser Rb-Sr dating on matrix secondary microcline returns ages ca. 1612–1323 Ma, reflecting timing of fluid flow responsible for at least some of the potassic alteration. These are broadly consistent with similar estimates of episodes of regional fluid flow and base metal mineralisation and/or remobilisation in the Mount Isa Province.

<b>Citation:</b> Carson, C.J., Kositcin, N., Farkas, J., Champion, D.C., Whelan, J., Redaa, A., Gilbert. S., Henson, P.A., Maas, R., Williams, B. and Doublier, M.P., 2020. The late Paleoproterozoic Buddycurrawa Volcanics, South Nicholson region. In: Czarnota, K., Roach, I., Abbott, S., Haynes, M., Kositcin, N., Ray, A. and Slatter, E. (eds.) Exploring for the Future: Extended Abstracts, Geoscience Australia, Canberra, 1–4.

Tags: Basins, Benmara Group, EARTH SCIENCES, EFTF, Exploring For The Future, GEOLOGY, Geochronology, Potassic Alteration, Published_External, South Nicholson Basin, Volcanics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Paleoseismology of the Akatore Fault, Otago, New Zealand

We present the results of a paleoseismic study of the Akatore Fault in the low seismicity region of Otago, New Zealand. Two trenches reveal at least three reverse fault ruptures that are constrained to have occurred between 13,314 B.C. and 680 A.D. (antepenultimate event), 737 and 960 A.D. (penultimate event) and 1047 and 1278 A.D. (most recent event), with a single-event displacement of 1.6–2.7 m. GPR profiles and sediment analyses show that a 125 ka marine terrace is likely also only displaced by these three events, suggesting these earthquakes have ended a minimum 110,000 year period of quiescence on the fault. The fault therefore appears to exhibit strong aperiodicity of earthquake occurrence, a characteristic previously suggested for the Akatore Fault and other well-studied Otago faults. Slip rate and recurrence interval for the current active period are 0.3–2.4 mm/yr and 670–5110 years respectively, and we suggest for seismic hazard assessments in nearby Dunedin it is prudent to assume that the high rates of recent earthquakes will continue into the immediate future on the Akatore Fault.

Tags: Akatore Fault, EARTH SCIENCES, OSL, OXCAL, Otago, Published_External, aperiodicity, paleoseismology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Bynoe Harbour Marine Survey 2016: GA4452/SOL6432 Post-survey report

This report provides a description of the activities completed during the Bynoe Harbour Marine Survey, from 3 May and 17 May 2016 on the RV Solander (Survey GA4452/SOL6432). This survey was a collaboration between Geoscience Australia (GA), the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) and Department of Land Resource Management (Northern Territory Government) and the second of four surveys in the Darwin Harbour Seabed Habitat Mapping Program. This 4 year program (2014-2018) aims to improve knowledge of the marine environments in the Darwin and Bynoe Harbour regions by collating and collecting baseline information and developing thematic habitat maps that will underpin future marine resource management decisions. The program was made possible through funds provided by the INPEX-led Ichthys LNG Project to Northern Territory Government Department of Land Resource Management, and co-investment from Geoscience Australia and Australian Institute of Marine Science. The specific objectives of the Bynoe Harbour Marine Survey GA4452/SOL6432 were to:
1. Obtain high resolution geophysical (bathymetry) data for the deeper areas of Bynoe Harbour (&lt;5 m), including Port Patterson; and,
2. Characterise substrates (acoustic backscatter properties, sub-bottom profiles, grainsize, sediment chemistry) the deeper areas of Bynoe Harbour (&lt;5 m), including Port Patterson.
Data acquired during the survey included: 698 km2 multibeam sonar bathymetry, water column and backscatter; 102 Smith-McIntyre grabs, 104 underwater camera drops, 29 sub-bottom profile lines and 34 sound velocity profiles.

Tags: Earth Sciences, Harbour, Northern Territory, Published_External, backscatter, bathymetry, marine environmental baseline, marine resource planning, marine survey, seabed habitat
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Topographic Controls on Post-Oligocene Changes in Ice-sheet Dynamics, Prydz Bay Region, East Antarctica

Within the general trend of post-Eocene cooling, the largest and oldest outlet of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet underwent a change from ice-cliff to ice-stream and/or ice-shelf dynamics, with an associated switch from line-source to fan sedimentation. Available geological data reveal little about the causes of these changes in ice dynamics during the Miocene Epoch, or the subsequent effects on Pliocene-Pleistocene ice-sheet history. Ice-sheet numerical modeling reveals that bed morphology was probably responsible for driving changes in both ice-sheet extent and dynamics in the Lambert-Amery system at Prydz Bay. The modeling shows how the topography and bathymetry of the Lambert graben and Prydz Bay control ice-sheet extent and flow. The changes in bathymetric volume required for shelf-edge glaciation correlate well with the Prydz Channel fan sedimentation history. This suggests a negative feedback between erosion and glaciation, whereby the current graben is overdeepened to such an extent that shelf-edge glaciation is now not possible, even if a Last Glacial Maximum environment recurs. We conclude that the erosional history of the Lambert graben and Prydz Bay in combination with the uplift histories of the surrounding mountains are responsible for the evolution of this section of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, once the necessary initial climatic conditions for glaciation were achieved at the start of the Oligocene Epoch.

Tags: AQ, Antarctic data, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, marine, numerical modelling
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AGSO Journal vol.14 no. 1

Content:
1.Chaproniere GCH, Pigram CJ. Miocene to Pleistocene foraminiferal biostratigraphy of dredge samples from the Marion Plateau, offshore Queensland, Australia.
2.Scott DL. Architecture of the Queensland Trough: implications for the structure and tectonics of the northeastern Australia margin.
3.Wilkie J, Gibson G, Wesson V. Application and extension of the ML earthquake magnitude scale in the Victoria region.
4.Macphail MK, Kellett JR, Rexilius JP, O'Rorke ME. The "Geera Clay equivalent": a regressive marine unit in the Renmark Group that sheds new light on the age of the Mologa weathering surface in the Murray Basin. 
5.Nicoll RS, Laurie JR, Roche MT. Revised stratigraphy of the Ordovician (Late Tremadoc-Arenig) Prices Creek Group and Devonian Poulton Formation, Lennard Shelf, Canning Basin, Western Australia.
6.Cruikshank BI, Hoatson DM, Pyke JG. A stream-sediment geochemical orientation survey of the Davenport Province, Northern Territory.
7.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AUV Imagery from Gippsland Basin III (GA355 Long-term after survey)

This dataset is part of the Gippsland Marine Environmental Monitoring (GMEM) project. The GMEM was developed in response to stakeholder concerns from the fisheries industry about a Geoscience Australia seismic survey in the Gippsland Basin (GA352 in April 2015), in addition to a broader need to acquire baseline data to be used to quantify impacts of seismic operations on marine organisms. A component of this study was to acquire images of the seafloor before and after the seismic survey for analysis of potential impacts of seismic operations on scallops.

This dataset contains information collected from the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) Phoenix  and AUV Sirius on survey GA-355 conducted 18-22 February 2016 on the M.V. Dell Richey II. 

The AUV Phoenix was the main system used to collect imagery analysed in the GMEM project using the two loop pattern (Figure 1) from previous surveys (GA-350 and GA-353). The AUV Sirius was deployed to collect concurrent dense image grids at selected stations (05, 08, 37, 45) and to provide a back-up to the Phoenix in the event of equipment issues. This occurred at Stations 40 and 41, and as such the Sirius collected images in the two-loop pattern.

In addition to the main study area for the GMEM, the AUV Sirius was also deployed outisde Devonport, Tasmania in order to establish workflow, fine-tune technical aspects, and census scallop beds that were known to be in ill health. Imagery from these stations are included in sub-folder 'Devonport_Sites'.

Due to strong currents and possible navigation issues, some of the AUV paths deviated from the planned path and also varied in altitude. Nevertheless, the georeferencing of images released in this data package reflects the actual position of the AUV during image acquisition.

Post-processing included image colour-balancing and simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) processing of the stereo imagery to improve georeferencing of the imagery. The optical imagery is provided in zip files as geotiffs (individual colour-corrected images), mosaics, and mesh (3D seafloor reconstructions).

Tags: Earth Sciences, HVC_144640, Published_External, marine, scallop
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Late quaternary regional controls on the development of the Great Barrier Reef: geophysical evidence

High-resolution seismic reflection data have been examined in an attempt to identify and explain some of the regional differences and controls on the development of the Great Barrier Reef. The main controlling influence on the development of the Great Barrier Reef Province since the end of the Tertiary has been glacially controlled variations in sea level. Response to these has been qualified by variations in bathymetry, shelf width, drainage patterns, and sediment supply . The development of the Great Barrier Reef appears to have been strongly influenced by the antecedent surface and subaerial processes. but not to any great extent by karst processes. as suggested by Purdy. There is no evidence to suggest that the inner shelf is a karst marginal plain . and the existence of an extensive former limestone barrier platform on the marginal shelf can not be inferred from the seismic data. Subaerial and fluvial action appear as important processes in sculpturing the shelf during long periods of emergence in the late Cainozoic. Their effect varies both along and across the shelf.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, QLD, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data