AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Report of the IVS Activity Highlights 2012 - 2015

The International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS) continued to fulfill its role as a service within the IAU by providing necessary products for the densification and maintenance of the celestial reference frame as well as for the monitoring of Earth orientation parameters (EOP). Here we report on highlights of the service work during the report period focusing on governance, products, and special campaigns/programs. 
Governance: In 2013, Dr. Axel Nothnagel (University of Bonn) was elected as new IVS Chair succeeding Dr. Harald Schuh (GFZ Potsdam). Dr. John Gipson succeeded Dr. Nothnagel as IVS Analysis Coordinator. Dr. Dirk Behrend (NVI Inc., NASA GSFC) continued to serve as Director of IVS Coordinating Center. There were three active committees: Observing Program Committee (chaired by D. Behrend), VGOS Technical Committee (chaired by B. Petrachenko), and Committee on Training and Education (chaired by R. Haas). A new Working Group on Satellite Observations with VLBI (WG7) was established (chaired by R. Haas). A Working Group on Galactic Aberration (to be chaired by D. MacMillan) was proposed. 
Observing program: The IVS continued the observation of 24-hour, rapid turnaround sessions (IVS-R1 and IVS-R4), which were run two times per week, for a total of 104 sessions per year. These sessions provided the full set of EOP parameters (i.e., polar motion, UT1-UTC, and nutation). Daily 1-hour Intensive measurements were made for the operational estimation and dissemination of UT1-UTC values. A Continuous VLBI Campaign (CONT14) was observed 6?20 March 2014. The campaign included 17 VLBI radio telescopes at 16 sites recording observations at a data rate of 512 Mbit/s. All data were correlated at the Bonn Correlator within two months. About half of the raw VLBI data were electronically transferred. The resulting data set is the best that the legacy S/X VLBI system has produced to date. 
Gaia: The IVS initiated an observing program for 195 radio sources (identified by Bordeaux Observatory) as possible transfer sources between the ICRF2 (radio frame) and Gaia (optical frame). The dedicated program commenced in mid-2013 with an accuracy target for the source positions of 0.1 mas and a monitoring target of 12 sessions per year. The targets were achieved for most sources; however, weaker sources need special attention. The program will be continued for a few more years.
VGOS: The development of the next generation VLBI system (VLBI Global Observing System, VGOS) was continued. Implementation plans for the broadband system were established with the VGOS Observing Plan and the VGOS Data Transmission and Correlation Plan. A VGOS Analysis Plan is being worked on. It is anticipated that by the year 2017 sixteen VGOS stations will become operational.
Presented at the XXIX IAU General Assembly in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, Commission 19 (C19) - Rotation of the Earth.

Tags: Earth Sciences, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geoscience Australia Data Portal - Australian Mines Atlas Portal User Guide

A series of short video clips illustrating how to use the Australian Mines Atlas Data Portal:
 https://portal.ga.gov.au/persona/minesatlas
The Mines Atlas data portal is one of many data delivery portals available from Geoscience Australia, giving users access to geophysical data.
The User Guide Video complements the help menu in the portal. 
The User guide is broken into a series of topics:

Introduction (2:40)
Map Layers (4:06)
Measurement Tool (2:46)


Tags: Australian Mines Atlas, Critical Minerals, Data Portal, GEOLOGY, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, Instructional Video, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The Northern Australia Hydrogeochemical Survey: aquifer lithologies, local backgrounds and undercover processes

With the increasing need to extend mineral exploration undercover, new approaches are required to better constrain concealed geology, thereby reducing exploration risk and search space. Hydrogeochemistry is an under-utilised tool that can identify subsurface geology and buried mineral system components, while also providing valuable insights into environmental baselines, energy systems and groundwater resources. With this aim, 238 water bores spanning seven geological provinces in the Northern Territory and Queensland were sampled and analysed for major cations and anions, trace elements, stable and radiogenic isotopes, organic species, and dissolved gases. Here, we demonstrate the utility of this dataset for identifying carbonate-rich aquifers and mineral system components therein. First, we use trends in major element ratios (Ca+Mg)/Cl– and SiO2/HCO–3, then strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr), to define subpopulations that reflect both spatial and compositional differences. We then apply mafic-to-felsic trace element ratios (V/Cs and Cu/Rb) to reveal elevated base metal concentrations near Lake Woods caused by water–rock interaction with dolerite intrusions. Correlated Sr concentrations between groundwater and surface sediments suggest that the geochemical evolution of these mediums in carbonate-dominated terrains is coupled. Our work develops an approach to guide mineral exploration undercover via the characterisation and differentiation of groundwaters from different aquifers, resulting in improved identification of geochemical anomalies.
Citation: Schroder, I., de Caritat, P. and Wallace, L., 2020. The Northern Australia Hydrogeochemical Survey: aquifer lithologies, local backgrounds and undercover processes. In: Czarnota, K., Roach, I., Abbott, S., Haynes, M., Kositcin, N., Ray, A. and Slatter, E. (eds.) Exploring for the Future: Extended Abstracts, Geoscience Australia, Canberra, 1–4.

Tags: EFTF, Exploring For The Future, Hydrogeochemistry, Mineral Systems, Northern Australia Hydrogeochemical Survey, Published_External, anomaly, baseline, carbonate, characterise, groundwater, isotopes, trace elements
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AUSGeoid98 v.1.0 data files: Wessel Islands (sc53-15)

AUSGeoid98 data files contain a 2 minute grid of AUSGeoid98 data covering the Australian region, which you can use to interpolate geoid-ellipsoid separations for the positions required.You can use your own interpolation software, or you can use Geoscience Australia's Windows Interpolation software (Winter). The data files are text files in a standard format that cover the same area as standard topographic map areas. Files covering both 1:250,000 (approximately 100 x 150 km) and 1:1,000,000 (approximately 400 x 600 km) map areas are available. There is a 4 minute overlap on all sides of each area. Data format: AUSGeoid98 data files have a header record at the start of each file, to distinguish them from the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files. AUSGeoid98 data files show the geoid-ellipsoid separation to 3 decimal places, while the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files showed only 2 decimal places. AUSGeoid98 deflections of the vertical were computed from the geoid-ellipsoid separation surface, while the AUSGeoid93 deflections of the vertical were computed from OSU91A.

Tags: AU, AUSGeoid98, Geodesy, Geodetic Data, Published_External, dataset, geodesy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AUSGeoid98 v.1.0 data files:  (sj49-04)

AUSGeoid98 data files contain a 2 minute grid of AUSGeoid98 data covering the Australian region, which you can use to interpolate geoid-ellipsoid separations for the positions required.You can use your own interpolation software, or you can use Geoscience Australia's Windows Interpolation software (Winter). The data files are text files in a standard format that cover the same area as standard topographic map areas. Files covering both 1:250,000 (approximately 100 x 150 km) and 1:1,000,000 (approximately 400 x 600 km) map areas are available. There is a 4 minute overlap on all sides of each area. Data format: AUSGeoid98 data files have a header record at the start of each file, to distinguish them from the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files. AUSGeoid98 data files show the geoid-ellipsoid separation to 3 decimal places, while the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files showed only 2 decimal places. AUSGeoid98 deflections of the vertical were computed from the geoid-ellipsoid separation surface, while the AUSGeoid93 deflections of the vertical were computed from OSU91A.

Tags: AU, AUSGeoid98, Geodesy, Geodetic Data, Published_External, dataset, geodesy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Chillagoe 1:50 000 topographic map

Product Specifications Coverage: Partial coverage, predominantly in northern Australia, along major transport routes, and other selected areas. About 1000 maps have been published to date. Currency: Ranges from 1968 to 2006. Coordinates: Geographical and UTM. Datum: AGD66, new edition WGS84; AHD. Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Paper, flat copies only.

Tags: 50K scale, AU-QLD, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Estimating of the Rate of Deformation of Australia for the National Earthquake Hazard Map

One of the main outputs of the Earthquake Hazard project at Geoscience Australia is the
national earthquake hazard map. The map is one of the key components of Australias
earthquake loading standard, AS1170.4. One of the important inputs to the map is the
rate at which earthquakes occur in various parts of the continent.

Tags: AU, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, geodynamics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
GSWA Central Canning GA Onshore Canning Percent Potassium Grid Geodetic

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
This radiometric potassium grid has a cell size of 0.00083 degrees (approximately 89m) and shows potassium element concentration of the GSWA Central Canning, GA Onshore Canning merge, 2007-2009 in units of percent (or %). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 2007 by the WA Government, and consisted of 175415 line-kilometres of data at 800m line spacing and 60m terrain clearance.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, K, NCI, Published_External, WA, airborne digital data, gamma-ray, geophysical survey, geophysics, grid, potassium, rad, radiometrics, raster, spectrometry, survey 1334
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Abminga 1:100 000 unpublished topographic map

At this scale 1cm on the map represents 1km on the ground. Each map covers a minimum area of 0.5 degrees longitude by 0.5 degrees latitude or about 54 kilometres by 54 kilometres. The contour interval is 20 metres.

Tags: 100K unpublished, AU-SA, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
NSW DMR, Discovery 2000 Area N, Menindee Central, NSW, 1999 (P744), radiometric line data, AWAGS levelled

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
 This NSW DMR, Discovery 2000 Area N, Menindee Central, NSW, 1999 (P744), radiometric line data, AWAGS levelled were acquired in 1999 by the NSW Government, and consisted of 41736 line-kilometres of data at 150m line spacing and 40m terrain clearance. To constrain long wavelengths in the data, an independent data set, the Australia-wide Airborne Geophysical Survey (AWAGS) airborne magnetic data, was used to control the base levels of the survey data. This survey data is essentially levelled to AWAGS.

Tags: AWAGS, Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NASVD, NSW, Published_External, airborne digital data, gamma-ray, geophysical survey, geophysics, line, potassium, radiometrics, spectrometry, survey 744, thorium, uranium, vector
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geoscience Australia Magnetotelluric Data Location Package: Government Funded Surveys to December 2017

Geoscience Australia (GA), in partnership with State (SA, NSW, VIC, QLD, WA and TAS) and Northern Territory Geological Surveys, has applied the magnetotelluric (MT) technique to image the resistivity structure of the Australian continent over the last decade. Data have been acquired at nearly 5000 stations across Australia through a national MT survey program and regional MT surveys. Most of the data are available at GA’s website. These data provided valuable information for multi-disciplinary interpretations that incorporate various datasets.
This release package includes ArcGIS shape files and Excel files of MT station locations for the completed AusLAMP and regional surveys up to December 2017.

Tags: AusLAMP, EARTH SCIENCES, Geophysics, Magnetotelluric, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Structural and hydrothermal alteration evidence for early and late stages of gold mineralization at the New celebration gold deposits in Western Australia Nichols et al.,

Structural and hydrothermal alteration evidence for early and late stages of gold mineralization at the New celebration gold deposits in Western Australia Nichols et al.,

Tags: AU-WA, Earth Sciences, PMD*CRC Publication, Project Y3-Reports, Published_External, pmd*CRC
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
A field classification and intensity scale for first-generation cleavages

The chief morphological characteristics and lithological associations of naturally occurring cleavage fabrics are reviewed with the aim of differentiating qualities that represent fabric type from those that represent fabric intensity, and incidental partings from the cleavage fabric itself. This leads to field-based descriptive classifications for types and intensity of rock cleavage which unify diverse previous observations and allow a more formal approach to the description of cleavage. Particular attention is given to first-generation cleavage and incipient cleavage in clastic rocks of low to very low metamorphic grade, although all cleavage types are considered.  Two main divisions of cleavage type are recognised: (a) penetrative and (b) non-penetrative, according to the spacing of cleavage domains (where present) with respect to the width of dominant clastic (or detrital) grains. Each division includes three types, each of which is closely related to the lithology and texture of the parent rock (type 1, clay and slaty penetrative types; spaced, crenulation and scaly non-penetrative types). Each of the six cleavage types may display one (or less commonly both) of two kinds of intensity modulation at the mesoscale: shear zones and stripes.  Fissility, defined as the small-scale crack-structure which develops along planes of bedding- and cleavage-fabric anisotropy in weathered mudrocks, is proposed as an index property reflecting the relative intensity of cleavage, bedding and intersection fabrics in these lithologies. Fissility-ratios can be quantified in the field by measurements of dimensional ratios of fissility-fragments.  The ratios are given named class intervals and are quantitatively discussed with the aid of a logarithmic 3-axis diagram. A reference field-example illustrates a full progression of relative cleavage-fissility intensity from none, through incipient, to strong, in relation to a natural strain gradient. The influences of rock type, initial bedding anisotropy, strain and style of tectonic deformation on fissility-ratios are also discussed.  Fissility-ratios provide a rapid means of evaluating the effects of regional variations of total fabric and deformation intensity in a given rock type in low- to very low-grade metamorphic environments; they also represent a new tool that may assist in the study of weak deformations, incipient cleavage, sensitivity of different rock types to cleavage development, deformational or tectonic regimes (as reflected by fissility-fragment shape fields) and fabrics in undeformed mudrocks.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AUSGeoid98 v.1.0 data files:  (sk53-02)

AUSGeoid98 data files contain a 2 minute grid of AUSGeoid98 data covering the Australian region, which you can use to interpolate geoid-ellipsoid separations for the positions required.You can use your own interpolation software, or you can use Geoscience Australia's Windows Interpolation software (Winter). The data files are text files in a standard format that cover the same area as standard topographic map areas. Files covering both 1:250,000 (approximately 100 x 150 km) and 1:1,000,000 (approximately 400 x 600 km) map areas are available. There is a 4 minute overlap on all sides of each area. Data format: AUSGeoid98 data files have a header record at the start of each file, to distinguish them from the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files. AUSGeoid98 data files show the geoid-ellipsoid separation to 3 decimal places, while the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files showed only 2 decimal places. AUSGeoid98 deflections of the vertical were computed from the geoid-ellipsoid separation surface, while the AUSGeoid93 deflections of the vertical were computed from OSU91A.

Tags: AU, AUSGeoid98, Geodesy, Geodetic Data, Published_External, dataset, geodesy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Hydrogeochemistry to define aquifer baselines for mineral exploration

Hydrogeochemistry has grown in popularity as a non-invasive technique to quickly assess a region and narrow the focus for more targeted mineral exploration. We present a new approach for applying hydrogeochemistry for more sensitive anomaly detection, using hydrogeochemistry collected in the wider Broken Hill region.
The Broken Hill region is extremely well-endowed with mineral systems, including the world-class Broken Hill Line of Lode (Pb-Zn-Ag). Previous work from Geoscience Australia and CRC LEME has already demonstrated the capability of hydrogeochemistry to vector towards Pb-Zn mineralisation, which we re-investigate here using new geochemical baselines to define more sensitive, aquifer specific anomalies.
This approach characterises hydrogeochemical baselines for the major aquifer systems of the Broken Hill region (including the Proterozoic fractured rock aquifers and the Eromanga, Darling, Murray, and Lake Eyre Basins), using major, minor and trace element hydrogeochemistry. Several approaches have been used to define hydrogeochemical baselines to date. Pre-Selection methods filter a dataset to remove contaminated samples, while statistical approaches separate background and non-background populations via statistical tests. However, these approaches are often limited by subjective thresholds and apply to single parameters. The application of multivariate statistics (and in particular cluster analysis) presented here addresses these issues by considering the variance in all parameters and samples together, to build an understanding of the underlying hydrogeological processes and cluster geochemically related samples. These clusters are then interpreted with respect to independently assessed hydrostratigraphy to identify subgroups, which we interpret with high confidence as being diagnostic of specific aquifer systems. Using physicochemical parameters (i.e. T, EC, Eh) and stable isotopes, we demonstrate the robustness and geochemical sensitivity of the defined aquifer subgroups. These subgroups are then investigated for detecting geochemical anomalies relating to base metal mineralisation, by looking for the confluence of geochemical outliers of potential indicator species (such as Zn, Cu and δ34SSO4) within these sub-populations.
The opportunity to apply this multivariate baseline approach to target critical-mineral related systems, where groundwater is uniquely placed for distal detection (i.e. clay-hosted REEs, evaporative brines, sediment-hosted deposits) will be explored.
Abstract presented at the 30th International Applied Geochemistry Symposium 2024 (IAGS 2024)

Tags: Broken Hill, Curnamona Province, Darling Basin, Darling-Curnamona-Delamerian, EFTF – Exploring for the Future, Eromanga Basin, Exploration Geochemistry, Geochemistry, Lake Eyre Basin, MinEx CRC – Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre, Murray Basin, aquifer, background, baseline information, geochemical baseline, groundwater, hierarchical clustering, hydrogeochemistry
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Pinjarra 1:100 000 topographic map

At this scale 1cm on the map represents 1km on the ground. Each map covers a minimum area of 0.5 degrees longitude by 0.5 degrees latitude or about 54 kilometres by 54 kilometres. The contour interval is 20 metres. Many maps are supplemented by hill shading. These maps contain natural and constructed features including road and rail infrastructure, vegetation, hydrography, contours, localities and some administrative boundaries. Product Specifications Coverage: Australia is covered by more than 3000 x 1:100 000 scale maps, of which 1600 have been published as printed maps. Unpublished maps are available as compilations. Currency: Ranges from 1961 to 2009. Average 1997. Coordinates: Geographical and either AMG or MGA coordinates. Datum: AGD66, GDA94; AHD Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Printed maps: Paper, flat and folded copies. Compilations: Paper or film, flat copies only.

Tags: 100K scale, AU-WA, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Antarctica 1974

The Antarctic field notebooks contain the geological observations recorded by Bureau of Mineral Resources geologists during their trips to Antarctica between 1948 – 1980s. Files include a scanned copy of the original handwritten field notebook, transcription of the notebook’s contents transcribed by volunteers and validated by an experienced geologist, and a csv file of the transcription with Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) tags. The original Antarctic field notebooks are held at the N.H. (Doc) Fisher Geoscience Library at Geoscience Australia, Canberra.

Tags: Antarctica, Earth Sciences, Geology, Notebook, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data