AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Quantifying uncertainties in the inference of lithospheric heat flow

Heat flow is a primary driver of lithospheric strength and geodynamics. However, it cannot be measured directly and must be inferred from detailed borehole studies. The consequence of this is that the quality of individual heat flow determinations varies widely, while large geographical regions remain sparsely and unevenly sampled.
Spatial patterns in lithospheric heat flow can be predicted through the application of geophysical inverse theory. In particular, trans-dimensional Bayesian methods allow candidate models to be sampled while simultaneously solving for heterogeneous model complexity and the magnitudes of data noise. This is essential for both rigorous model predictions, and for quantification of associated prediction uncertainty.
In this presentation we describe the development and application of these methods to geothermal research through their application to infer the conductive heat flow through the Australian continental lithosphere. In particular, we describe how marginalisation can be used to account for limitations in the forward model, enabling inference even when key model parameters may not be empirically predicted.
Presented at the 2018 American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting

Tags: Bayesian inference, EARTH SCIENCES, Heat flow, Heat production, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Metadata standards for magnetotelluric time-series data

Modern magnetotellurics (MT) offers a multiscale capability to image the electrical properties of Earth’s crust and upper mantle. The data it provides and the models derived from it are important geophysical contributions to understanding Earth’s geology and resource potential.
In Australia, MT data is acquired by the resource exploration industry, university-based research groups, and Federal, State and Territory geological surveys. To ensure this data can be used to its full potential, including by groups and individuals who may not have been responsible for its acquisition, it is important that community-agreed standards be adopted for the acquired data and its associated metadata.
Citation: Jingming Duan, Alison Kirkby, Darren Kyi, Wenping Jiang, Marina Costelloe &amp; Adrian Hitchman (2021) Metadata standards for magnetotelluric time-series data, Preview, 2021:215, 61-63.
DOI: 10.1080/14432471.2021.2012035

Tags: Data Structures, EARTH SCIENCES, Electrical and Electromagnetic Methods in Geophysics, GEOPHYSICS, Intrepid Geophysics, Metadata standards, Published_External, field-acquired magnetotelluric data, magnetotelluric - MT, time-series data
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The Paleoproterozoic Trans-Australian Orogen: its magmatic and tectonothermal record, links to northern Laurentia and implications for supercontinent assembly

The 2.1─1.79 Ga Trans-Australian and Canadian Trans-Hudson orogens preserve a common record of Himalayan-scale orogenesis and voluminous Cordilleran-style magmatism behind which turbidite-dominated sedimentary sequences evolved in a back-arc or retro-arc foreland setting. Successive cycles of subduction retreat and advance drove the orogenic process, culminating in continent-continent collision and closure of a shared and formerly contiguous ocean basin – the Paleoproterozoic Diamantina and Manikewan oceans. Cordilleran-style arc magmatism in proto-Australia commenced along the southern reaches of the Diamantina Ocean with emplacement of the 2005-1975 Ma Dalgaringa batholith along the leading edge of the Pilbara Craton (Gascoyne Province) before both it and its host craton docked against the Yilgarn Craton, resulting in the Glenburgh Orogeny. After a brief episode of post-kinematic granite magmatism from 1965─1945 Ma, tectonic activity switched to the opposing margin of the Diamantina Ocean in what is now northern Australia where a further three cycles of upper plate orogenesis and Cordilleran-style magmatism occurred from 1890─1850 Ma, 1840─1810 Ma and 1810─1760 Ma along a convergent continental margin extending from the Kimberley and Pine Creek regions southward through the Mount Isa domain into the eastern Gawler Craton. Batholiths developed along this margin include granites of both low and high Sr/Y composition with the more adakitic varieties interpreted to have been intruded during periods of enhanced asthenospheric upwelling accompanying the opening of one or more slab windows following slab breakoff, tearing and/or subduction of an actively spreading oceanic ridge. Terminal collision between the North and South Australian (Mawson) cratons at ca. 1790 Ma brought this succession of subduction-related events to a close, although neither this event nor the corresponding Trans-Hudson orogen need equate to final assembly of the Nuna supercontinent. Instead, the 1870 Ma peak in global compilations of magmatic and detrital zircon ages may be more simply interpreted as the result of elevated tectonism and magmatism along a Paleoproterozoic Cordilleran-style continental plate margin that was trans-continental in scale and continued uninterrupted from proto-Australia into northern Canada and beyond.
Citation: Gibson, G.M., Champion, D.C. &amp; Doublier, M.P., 2024. The Paleoproterozoic Trans-Australian Orogen: Its magmatic and tectonothermal record, links to northern Laurentia, and implications for supercontinent assembly. GSA Bulletin, 137(1–2), pp.495–521. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/B36255.1

Tags: Canadian Trans-Hudson Orogen, EARTH SCIENCES, GEOCHEMISTRY, GEOLOGY, Pilbara Craton, Precambrian, Proterozoic, Published_External, Trans-Austarlian Orogen, batholiths, continental margin, magnetic anomalies, plate tectonics, tectonics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Morphometric descriptors of the Tasmanian Seamount Cluster

This record provides the bathymetry and morphometric descriptors of the Tasmanian Seamount Cluster (TSC) developed by Berry et al. (2025).
Bathymetry was compiled from CSIRO RV Investigator and Southern Surveyor voyages utlising Kongsberg em710 and em122 multibeam echosounder systems. This was supplemented with data acquired aboard RV L’Atlante utilising a Kongsberg EM12D, during the 1994 Tasmante voyage. This supplementary bathymetry data was acquired and processed by Geoscience Australia, and resampled to allow integration with the more recent, higher resolution gridded data. Bathymetry is gridded at 30 m resolution. Morphometric descriptors were developed following the methods of Grosse (2009) to define a boundary definition layer (BDL). This layer defined 188 volcanic TSC edifices. ArcGIS Pro was then utilised to calculate associated metrics including height, volume, basal area, centroid latitude, centroid longitude, ellipticity index and irregularity index. The edifice outlines, and associated metrics, are all contained in the provided shapefile (TSC_Morphometric Parameters_2025.shp). The edifices were also grouped through unsupervised k-means clustering. The cluster number are also contained in the associated shapefile. A shapefile describing the extents of summit ridges is also provided (TSC_Summit Ridges_2025).
In summary, This record contains:
•   TSC 30m Bathymetry grid
•   TSC morphometric parameters shapefile
•   TSC summit ridge shapefile

Organization: CSIRO Marlin Data Catalogue
IMOS - National Mooring Network - National Reference Stations - Maria and North Stradbroke Islands - Near real-time meteorology and sea surface temperature

This collection includes surface observations transmitted in near real-time (no QC) from the National Reference Stations at Maria Island off the east coast of Tasmania (NRSMAI), and North Stradbroke Island in south-east Queensland (NRSNSI). The measured properties are air temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and water temperature at the sea surface. 
The National Reference Station network is designed to provide baseline information, at timescales relevant to human response, that is required to understand how large-scale, long-term change and variability in the global ocean are affecting the ecosystems of Australia's coastal seas. The stations are operated by the National Mooring Network (formerly known as the Australian National Mooring Network (ANMN)), a facility of the Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS).
This collection has been discontinued, as the real-time telemetry has been removed from the platforms.

Tags: Buoys | Moored Buoys, CTD (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth Profilers), Countries | Australia, Global / Oceans | Pacific Ocean, IMOS Platform | NRSMAI | Maria Island National Reference Station Mooring, IMOS Platform | NRSNSI | North Stradbroke Island National Reference Station Mooring, Marine Features (Australia) | Maria Island, TAS, Marine Features (Australia) | North Stradbroke Island, QLD, Oceans | Ocean Temperature | Water Temperature, Regional Seas | Coral Sea, Regional Seas | Tasman Sea, States, Territories (Australia) | Queensland, States, Territories (Australia) | Tasmania
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
East Victoria long term hydrodynamic modelling: dataset and methodology

This dataset is the output of a long term multi-resolution calibrated hydrodynamic model of Bass Strait waters in south-eastern Australia. The model has been developed to support a subsequent study which investigated the influence of habitat created by platforms and subsea pipelines operated by Esso Australia Pty Ltd (EAPL) for population connectivity of key marine biota. The model is 3 dimensional with 16 sigma layers. It is forced by tides, wind, non-tidal sea level variability as well as salinity and temperature through a nudging scheme. Stokes drift from gravity waves was added to the model output as a post-processing step. The model was calibrated against existing data from previous fixed location instrument deployments and hull mounted ADCP data. While the model has limitations, it performs well against measured data and provides a useful tool for describing spatially varying currents throughout East Victorian waters.
The dataset is the output from a 3-dimensional hydrodynamic model used to describe physical oceanographic processes. 
The data were generated using a numerical model to simulate 10 years of hydrodynamics around Eastern Victoria in Australia.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO) - delayed mode glider deployments

This dataset represents Slocum glider data collected by Glider085 and Glider090 for the Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO). Slocum glider data from the oceans around Australia have been collected by DSTO on an ongoing basis. Previous deployments include: Coral Sea deployment during Exercise Talisman Sabre in July 2011, Coral Sea deployment, adjacent to Shoalwater Bay, during Exercise Talisman Saber in July - August 2013, and a Perth Canyon deployment, during a combined ocean glider deployment in conjunction with the IMOS ocean glider facility, in February - March 2014. The data are obtained from an onboard suite of instruments which currently is a Seabird-SBE41 CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) only. The variables in this dataset are water temperature, conductivity and salinity.

Tags: CTD (Conductivity - Temperature - Depth Profilers), Countries | Australia, Global / Oceans | Indian Ocean, Oceans | Ocean Circulation | Ocean Currents, Oceans | Ocean Temperature | Water Temperature, Oceans | Salinity/density | Conductivity, Oceans | Salinity/density | Salinity, Regional Seas | Coral Sea
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
CReefs Australia - Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef

The CReefs Australia project is a collection of a variety of taxa from three locations: Ningaloo Reefs in Western Australia, and Heron and Lizard Islands off the coast of Queensland (separate metadata records are kept for each location) between 2008 and 2010. Sampling was conducted by scuba, snorkel and beach collection.In 2008, Heron Island collections were carried out between 25 August and 14 September.In 2009, Heron Island collections were carried out during 10-30 November.Variables in the dataset are: longitude and latitude, date, identifications (to genus species where possible), depth, coral reef zone, and other habitat indicators.Species collected come from the following taxonomic groups:Algae and seagrasses (phyla Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta, Rhodophyta, Magnoliophyta and Cyanobacteria)Arthropoda - Amphipods (Order: Amphipoda), Isopods (Order: Isopoda), Tanaids (Order Tanaidacea), CrustaceaBryozoans (Order Cheilostomata)Echinoderms (Phylum: Echinodermata)MolluscaPlatyhelminthaPolychates (Phylum: Annelida)SipunculaCollection was mainly by hand; some samples were obtained by traps, grabs, sediment pumps, hook and line, speargun.
 To conduct a taxonomic survey of Ningaloo Reef as part of the CReefs Australia project to better refine understanding of the marine biodiversity on the coral reefs of the east and west coasts of Australia.
 A subset of the data has been provided to the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS, http://iobis.org/OBISWEB/DisplayMetaData.jsp?content=maps_and_metadata/1467.html).Identifications were made as follows:Annelidia, Order: Polycheata (Gavin Martin Dally)Algae and seagrasses, phyla Chlorophyta, Magnoliophyta, Ochrophyta, Rhodophyta (Fred Gurgel, Rainbo Rita Mae Dixon)Bryozoa, Order Cheilostomata (Phil Bock)Cnideria, Order Anthozoa (Merrick Ekins, Monika Schlacher, Patricia Hendriks)Echinodermata (Ashley Miskelly)

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Coverage database of Australian bathymetry surveys, compilations, and depth models

This dataset contains polygon extents of all known bathymetry surveys and bathymetry compilations in Australia's marine jurisdiction, including the Australian Antarctic Territory. Each polygon includes metadata identifying attributes, contact details, information on the public availability of data, and (in the case of published data) gridded resolution.
The following data sources have been used as inputs:
• AusSeabed 'Bathymetry Acquisitions Coverage (Dynamic)' (https://dx.doi.org/10.26186/148613)
• AusSeabed 'Bathymetry Compilations Coverage (Dynamic)' (https://dx.doi.org/10.26186/148614)
• computed footprints (suffixed by _L0_Coverage) of bathymetry data published through AusSeabed Warehouse Geoserver (https://warehouse.ausseabed.gov.au/geoserver)
• computed footprints (suffixed by _BBOX) of bathymetry data published through CSIRO Geoserver (https://www.cmar.csiro.au/geoserver) 
• manually computed footprints of bathymetry data published through other online repositories: WA Bathymetry Portal (https://dot-wa.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=d58dd77d85654783b5fc8c775953c69b), the Australian Ocean Data Network (https://portal.aodn.org.au) and the NSW SEED Portal (https://www.seed.nsw.gov.au)
This dataset was generated to enable reporting for Seamap Australia's 'State of Knowledge' functionality (https://seamapaustralia.org/map/), as existing coverage information does not contain metadata on gridding resolution. The dataset is live and will be continually updated as new surveys are conducted and new coverage information becomes available. Gridding resolution will be appended to existing survey extents when historical surveys are published.
This dataset is updated regularly (date of last update: 23/05/2025) and will be maintained in perpetuity until such time that the information required for Seamap Australia's 'State of Knowledge' functionality is delivered through an alternative mechanism.
Note that a degree of spatial simplification has been conducted to reduce filesize and polygon complexity. All efforts have been made to maintain true survey extent (area-preserving simplification has been used), but polygons may not be representative of the true survey extents, particularly in the case of reported extents from unpublished surveys which cannot be verified.

Tags: bathymetry, mapping, seabed mapping, seafloor features
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Evaluating error sources to improve precision in the co-registration of underwater 3D models

Change detection is an essential and widely used approach for investigating ecosystem dynamics. Multi-temporal 3D models increasingly underpin photogrammetry-based analyses of change for many ecologically relevant attributes. To detect change, it is necessary to accurately align 3D models collected at different times using a process referred to as co-registration. However, achieving precise co-registration is difficult in underwater habitats due to practical challenges intrinsic to surveying them. These include a lack of accurate georeferencing information, variable light, turbidity and weather conditions, and diving restrictions dictated by the diver&#39;s pressure exposure over time. Here we present an efficient co-registration workflow for 3D models that directly addresses these challenges, derived from underwater structure-from-motion methods. To test our approach, we used 3D models from across a wide range of coral reef habitats covering all those that one may encounter in shallow reefs (15m depth and above). We then identified and empirically estimated four key sources of error: co-registration, 3D processing, image acquisition, and reference and scaling features (RSF) placement, and quantified their relative contributions to the overall error. Our proposed co-registration workflow had a mean precision of 1.37&plusmn;16.55mm. Image acquisition and RSF placement errors contributed the most to the total workflow error (37% and 53%, respectively), while the contribution of co-registration and 3D processing errors was minimal (3% and 7%, respectively). As a result of our analysis, we provide &lsquo;good practice&rsquo; guidelines to reduce errors associated with photogrammetric workflows and to facilitate efficient and reliable detection of 3D change in complex underwater ecosystems.
This study was conducted as part of the Ecological Intelligence for Reef Restoration and Adaptation Program (EcoRRAP) (https://gbrrestoration.org/program/ecorrap/). Underwater imagery was collected using EcoRRAP 3D photogrammetry techniques described by Gordon et al. (2023).

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Stable Isotope Analysis of Dermis and the Foraging Behavior of Whale Sharks at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia

This study used Stable Isotope analysis to investigate the foraging behaviour of sharks through the analysis of &delta; 13C and &delta; 15N values in the dermis.
Field trips occured during May 2013 and May 2014 to Ningaloo Reef for the collection of biopsies from 50 Whale Sharks. Biopsies were taken by snorklers using a hand spear fitted with a biopsy probe tip.
Samples of zooplankton, stomatopod and decapod larvae were collected in both 2013 and 2014, and other nekton were collected only in 2014. Zooplankton samples were collected by horizontal or oblique tows using 200 and 300 &micro;m mesh nets for 10 min at a speed of &sim;2 knots from a boat. Other nekton were collected using light traps deployed on the surface at night. 
All datasets generated for this study are included in the manuscript and/or the Supplementary Files.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
AIMS Photo Transects - Lizard Island Coral Communities 1981 to 2007

Starting in the early 1980s, thirty-two permanent photographed sites were established by AIMS to learn about the dynamic behavior of coral communities in the full variety of reef-zones from sheltered nearshore reefs in turbid waters through to the slopes and surf zones of outer reefs, each of which has its own distinctive assemblage of corals.  With allied field studies, it was established that in the last two decades of the 20th Century, GBR coral communities exhibited substantial resilience (in terms of restoration of prior percent cover and composition) following disturbances such as floods, crown-of-thorns starfish and cyclone-generated waves. There is presently little basis for setting resilience targets for coral reefs, especially in relation to the great variety of environmental settings and reef-types within the Great Barrier Reef.  This project will help scientists provide a much stronger evidence base for the setting of targets and evaluating contemporaneous changes compared to more benign years of late last century.
5 sites at between 2 and 12m depth were established in 1981 at Lizard Island on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, 30 km off the north Queensland coast. Images were taken at all sites on an annual basis, regularly from 1981 to 2007. Each site is represented by 30&ndash;36 1m2 images taken in a grid pattern, Specific years and image file names can be found in the Lizard File Index.xlsx attached below. 
The data from one of the 5 sites at Lizard Island was published by Wakeford et al. (2008), which included the application of a cellular automata model of CR Johns to investigate effects of inter-specific competition

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Surveys of benthic cover on Caribbean coral reefs in 1986

The Line Intercept Transect method (LIT) was used to survey benthic cover on Caribbean and western Atlantic reefs in 7 countries. Surveys were carried out in Belize (Carrie Bow Cay), Jamaica (Discovery Bay), USA (Key Largo - French Reef), Bahamas (Exuma Cays - Lee Stocking Island), Puerto Rico (Cayo Enrique, Media Luna), US Virgin Islands (Saint Croix - Buck Island, Tague Bay, Salt River Canyon) and Barbados (West). Data were generally collected along 20 m long transects, though some transects were extended to 30 m and others truncated due to time constraints or local conditions. At Carrie Bow Cay, surveys were carried out at depths of 10, 15 and 20 m. At all other locations depths of 10 and 20 m were surveyed, where possible. Duplicate or triplicate transects were laid out along the depth profile at each depth surveyed. Line intercept data were recorded using 'lifeform' categories that were developed during the ASEAN-Australia Living Coastal Resources programme from the mid-1980s. Categories allocated to benthos included: ACB - branching Acropora; CB - branching non-Acropora (which included Millepora spp.); CM - coral massive; CE - coral encrusting; CS - coral submassive; CF - coral foliose; SPM - sponge massive; SPC - sponge columnar; SPF - sponge foliose; and SPE - sponge encrusting.
 This research was undertaken to describe benthic cover on Caribbean Reefs.
 In most cases data were collected in the vicinity of transects used for sponge species distribution and biomass surveys carried out by Dr Wilkinson at the same time.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Chagos Archipelago - Bertarelli Program in Marine Science

This data set is derived from a project that seeks to understand the status and resilience of the key communities of coral reef fishes that underpin the ecology of the British Indian Ocean Territory (Chagos Archipelago) Marine Protected Area. It is funded by the Bertarelli Program in Marine Science (Bertarelli Foundation) and represents a collaboration between AIMS, Lancaster University, and Stanford University. The data are collected on annual field expeditions to the Chagos Archipelago. The data are primarily fish specimen biological characteristics (collected by spearfishing), whereby otoliths from specimens are actively being used for biochronological reconstructions of growth histories. The research program also used a series of shallow water (&lt;10m) BRUVS deployments in March 2019 to obtain a comprehensive spatial survey of sharks and other predatory fish species.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network