Diatom species of the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean

The collection aims to showcase the range of Southern Ocean diatom species found in the major hydrological provinces of the Australian Sector of the Southern Ocean along the 140 degrees E. The collection includes specimens collected in the Sub-Antarctic Zone (SAZ), Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ) and Antarctic Zone (AZ). 
Samples were collected with McLane Parflux time series sediment traps placed at several depths in the SAZ (47 degrees S site), PFZ (54 degrees S site) and AZ and (61 degrees S site) during the decade 1997-2007. The shortest sampling intervals were eight days and corresponded with the austral summer and autumn, whereas the longest interval was 60 days and corresponded with austral winter. Split aliquots were obtained for taxonomic analysis via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For improved taxonomic imaging, samples were treated with hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide to remove carbonates and organic matter, respectively. A micropipette was used to transfer the suspension of selected samples to a round-glass cover slip following  standard decantation method outlined by Barcena and Abrantes (1998). Samples were air-dried and coated with gold for SEM analysis. SEM analysis was carried out using a JEOL 6480LV scanning electron microscope.
Taxonomy 
Diatoms include all algae from the Class Bacillariophyceae and follow the standardised taxonomy of World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS).
Order Asterolamprales
Family Asterolampraceae
Asteromphalus hookeri Ehrenberg 
Asteromphalus hyalinus Karsten  
Order Achnanthales
Family Cocconeidaceae
Cocconeis sp. 
Order Bacillariales
Family Bacillariaceae
Fragilariopsis curta (Van Heurck) Hustedt 
Fragilariopsis cylindrus (Grunow) Krieger 
Fragilariopsis kerguelensis (O'Meara) Hustedt
Fragilariopsis pseudonana (Hasle) Hasle 
Fragilariopsis rhombica (O'Meara) Hustedt 
Fragilariopsis separanda Hustedt 
Nitzschia bicapitata Cleve
Nitzschia kolaczeckii Grunow
Nitzschia sicula (Castracane) Husted var. bicuneata (Grunow) Hasle
Nitzschia sicula (Castracane) Husted var. rostrata Hustedt 
Pseudo-nitzschia heimii Manguin 
Pseudo-nitzschia lineola (Cleve) Hasle 
Pseudo-nitzschia turgiduloides Hasle 
Order Chaetocerotanae incertae sedis
Family Chaetoceraceae
Chaetoceros aequatorialis var. antarcticus Cleve 
Chaetoceros atlanticus Cleve 
Chaetoceros dichaeta Ehrenberg 
Chaetoceros peruvianus Brightwell 
Chaetoceros sp.
Order Corethrales
Family Corethraceae
Corethron spp. 
Order Coscinodiscales
Family Coscinodiscaceae
Stellarima stellaris (Roper) Hasle et Sims
Family Hemidiscaceae
Actinocyclus sp.
Azpeitia tabularis (Grunow) Fryxell et Sims
Hemidiscus cuneiformis Wallich
Roperia tesselata (Roper) Grunow  
Order Hemiaulales
Family Hemiaulaceae
Eucampia antarctica (Castracane) Mangin
Order Naviculales
Family Plagiotropidaceae
Tropidoneis group 
Family Naviculaceae
Navicula directa (Smith) Ralfs 
Family Pleurosigmataceae
Pleurosigma sp. 
Order Rhizosoleniales
Family Rhizosoleniaceae
Dactyliosolen antarcticus Castracane
Rhizosolenia antennata f. semispina Sundstrom
Rhizosolenia antennata (Ehrenberg) Brown f. antennata
Rhizosolenia cf. costata Gersonde
Rhizosolenia polydactyla Castracane f. polydactyla
Rhizosolenia simplex Karsten
Proboscia alata (Brightwell) Sundstrom
Proboscia inermis (Castracane) Jordan  Ligowski
Order Thalassiosirales
Family Thalassiosiraceae
Porosira pseudodenticulata (Hustedt) Jouse 
Thalassiosira ferelineata Hasle et Fryxell
Thalassiosira gracilis (Karsten) Hustedt
Thalassiosira lentiginosa (Janisch) Fryxell 
Thalassiosira oestrupii (Ostenfeld) Hasle var. oestrupii Fryxell et Hasle
Thalassiosira oliveriana (O'Meara) Makarova et Nikolaev
Thalassiosira tumida (Janisch) Hasle
Order Thalassionematales
Family Thalassionemataceae
Thalassionema nitzschioides var. lanceolatum Grunow
Thalassiothrix antarctica Schimper ex Karsten 
Data available: 73 SEM images of the most abundant diatom species found at the three sampling sites. 
Samples were collected by several sediment traps placed at different depths in the Subantarctic Zone (47 degrees S site), Polar Frontal Zone (54 degrees S site) and Antarctic Zone (61 degrees S site) during the decade 1997-2007. The collection site and date for each species image can be found in Table 1 (see the word document in the download file).

Tags: ACE/CRC, AMD, AMD/AU, CEOS, CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA, Diatoms, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > PLANTS > MICROALGAE > DIATOMS, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > PROTISTS > DIATOMS, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS > BIOGENIC SEDIMENTS, GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR, OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN, R/V AA > R/V Aurora Australis, SEDIMENT TRAPS, SHIPS, Sediment, Taxonomy
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network