AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Benthic Community Survey, Mertz Glacier Region, East Antarctica - Post Survey Report, RSV Aurora Australis, Marine Science Voyage (2010/11 VMS), January - February 2011

The Marine Science Voyage (2010/11 VMS) to the Mertz Glacier region was a collaborative survey involving scientists from a number of research institutions, working across a number of different projects, with the overall aim of conducting a coordinated and comprehensive study to measure and monitor the impact of the Mertz Glacier calving event on the local and regional environment.
The survey took place in January 2011 and enabled the collection of data shortly after the calving event so that physical, chemical and biological changes in response to the new conditions can be monitored over time. As such, data collected on VMS will provide a benchmark for tracking future change in the Mertz Glacier region environment.
Geoscience Australia and the Australian Antarctic Division conducted a benthic community survey during the voyage. The purpose of the benthic community survey was to collect high-resolution still images of the sea floor to address three main objectives:
1. to investigate benthic community composition in the area previously covered by the MGT and to the east, an area previously covered by approximately 30 m of fast ice;
2. to investigate benthic community composition (or lack thereof) in areas of known iceberg scours; and
3. to investigate the lateral extent of hydrocoral communities along the shelf break.
The survey collected over 1800 images of the sea floor on the continental shelf and slope in the Mertz Glacier region, including in the area previously covered by the Mertz Glacier tongue. There were 75 successful camera deployments and a further 7 stations where images were of poor quality but may still provide useful information.
The benthic images will be examined in detail to provide information on benthic community composition and substrate type. The survey has provided a major new set of data which will greatly enhance the understanding of Antarctic marine biodiversity and the relationship between physical conditions and benthic communities.

Tags: AQ, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, continental shelf, habitat, marine, marine survey
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
National Gravity Compilation 2019 tilt grid

Gravity data measure small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. 
This National Gravity Compilation 2019 tilt grid is derived from the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series. These gravity data were acquired under the project No. 202008. The grid has a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). This gravity anomaly grid is derived from ground observations stored in the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as at September 2019, supplemented with offshore data sourced from v28.1 of the Global Gravity grid developed using data from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego. Out of the approximately 1.8 million gravity observations, nearly 1.4 million gravity stations in the ANGD with marina data were used to generate this grid. The ground gravity data used in this grid has been acquired by the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments, the mining and exploration industry, universities and research organisations from the 1940's to the present day. Station spacing varies from approximately 11 km down to less than 1 km, with major parts of the continent having station spacing between 2.5 and 7 km. Terrain corrections to gravity were calculated using both offshore bathymetry and onshore topography data. A tilt filter was then applied to the complete spherical cap Bouguer anomaly (A series) to produce this grid covering Australia and its continental margins.

Tags: A series, Australia, Bouguer, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, complete, digital data, geophysical survey, geophysics, grav, gravity, grid, ground, marine, national, raster, satellite, spherical cap, survey 202008, tilt
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Bedload Sediment Transport Dynamics in a Macrotidal Embayment, and Implications for Export to the Southern Great Barrier Reef Shelf

Keppel Bay is a macrotidal embayment on a tectonically stable, tropical coast, which links the Fitzroy River with the Great Barrier Reef continental shelf. Estuaries and deltas act as conduits between catchments and inner shelf environments. Therefore, understanding sediment transport pathways in these complex systems is essential for the management of ecosystems such as coral-reefs that are potentially vulnerable to enhanced river sediment loads. Furthermore, the morphology and sediment dynamics of subtidal sand ridges and dunes are relatively poorly characterised in macrotidal estuaries, particularly in turbid, episodic systems such as the Fitzroy River and Keppel Bay. Our sedimentological analysis of seabed samples, shear-stress modelling and three-dimensional acoustic imaging reveals that Keppel Bay is a mixed wave- and tide-dominated estuarine system. Areas of sediment starvation and shoreward transport characterise the offshore zone, whereas a complex of both active and relict tidal sand ridges, and associated subaqueous dunes, dominate the relatively protected southern Keppel Bay. Transport within this region is highly dynamic and variable, with ebb-dominated sediment transport through tidal channels into the outer bay where there is a switch to wave-dominated shoreward transport. Ultimately, bedload sediments appear to be reworked back inshore and to the north, and are gradually infilling the bedrock-defined embayment. Our characterisation of the Keppel Bay system provides a detailed example of the physiography of the seaward portion of a tide-dominated system, and shows that sediment transport in these areas is influenced by a variable hydrodynamic regime as well as relict channels and bedrock topography.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, marine, sedimentology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Preliminary Results from Marine Seismic Survey GA302 over Capel and Faust Basins

Data from 50 sonobuoys were recorded over the Capel and Faust Basins, 800 km to the east of Australia in water depths 1500-2000 m, during a 2006 seismic survey (GA302) for Geoscience Australia's Big New Oil programme. These data were interpreted and forward modelled by ray-tracing to provide an estimate of P-wave velocities in the upper sedimentary section, and hence constrain estimates of sediment thickness. Also recorded were gravity and magnetic anomaly data which, in conjunction with the very high quality seismic reflection data, provided additional constraints upon the velocity models. Typical ranges in four model layers below water were: 1.9, 2.3-3.0, 3.6-4.7, 5-5.3 km/s. Gravity models based on these results were compared to features identified on depth converted seismic reflection lines and indicate that sediment thickness at densities approximating 2.3 t/m3 may reach 5 km in several localities.

Tags: Conference Paper, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, gravity, marine, petroleum exploration, sedimentary basins, seismics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Aquatic Substrate Library - SW West Australia 2008

Record for source data hosted in the National Spectral Database (NSD) Aquatic Library

Citation: 
Botha, E.J., Dekker, A.G., and Park, Y.J. (2009) Remote sensing of previously unmapped marine habitats on the south coast of Western Australia; National Research Flagship Wealth from Oceans Report to WA-DEC, WA South Coast NRM, WA South West Catchments Council. Canberra, Australia, pp: 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142247

For further information and instructions to access the database go to the following URL:
https://cmi.ga.gov.au/data-products/dea/643/australian-national-spectral-database

Tags: Aquatic Substrate Library, Australian National Spectral Database (NSD), Australian spectral data, EARTH SCIENCES, End-member studies, Field spectroscopy, HVC_144490, NSD Source Dataset, Published_External, Remote sensing
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Still images from Voyage Marine Science (2010/11 VMS) to Mertz Glacier Region

The Marine Science voyage (VMS) was conducted on the Aurora Australis between 4 January 2011 and 6 February 2011. The voyage incorporated oceanographic measurements along the CLIVAR SR3 Transect and around the Mertz Glacier region. Underwater still images were collected from 93 sites ranging in depth from 170 m to 2300 m across George V shelf in East Antarctica. The camera equipment was designed and operated by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) marine science support team. The camera was attached to either the CTD frame or the beam trawl frame and lowered to 4-5 m from the seafloor and held in position for 2-15 minutes. All still images were stamped with UTC time. Stations were named according to the frame (e.g. CTD or BT), the sequence number of that particular frame (e.g. CTD53), followed by the instrument used (e.g. CAM for camera) and then the deployment number. For example, BT5_CAM16 was the fifth deployment using the beam trawl frame and the sixteenth camera deployment of the survey overall. For further information please refer to the post-survey report (GA Record 2011/xx - Geocat #71668)

Tags: Earth Sciences, HVC_144640, Multimedia, Published_External, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Seabed Environments and Shallow Geology of the Leveque Shelf, Western Australia SOL5754 (GA0340) Post Survey Report

Geoscience Australia undertook a marine survey of the Leveque Shelf (survey number SOL5754/GA0340), a sub-basin of the Browse Basin, in May 2013. This survey provides seabed and shallow geological information to support an assessment of the CO2 storage potential of the Browse sedimentary basin. The basin, located on the Northwest Shelf, Western Australia, was previously identified by the Carbon Storage Taskforce (2009) as potentially suitable for CO2 storage. The survey was undertaken under the Australian Government's National CO2 Infrastructure Plan (NCIP) to help identify sites suitable for the long term storage of CO2 within reasonable distances of major sources of CO2 emissions. The principal aim of the Leveque Shelf marine survey was to look for evidence of any past or current gas or fluid seepage at the seabed, and to determine whether these features are related to structures (e.g. faults) in the Leveque Shelf area that may extend to the seabed. The survey also mapped seabed habitats and biota to provide information on communities and biophysical features that may be associated with seepage. This research, combined with deeper geological studies undertaken concurrently, addresses key questions on the potential for containment of CO2 in the basin's proposed CO2 storage unit, i.e. the basal sedimentary section (Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous), and the regional integrity of the Jamieson Formation (the seal unit overlying the main reservoir).

Tags: AU-WA, CO2 capture, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, environmental, marine, marine survey
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Terrigenous sedimentation in the central Great Barrier Reef lagoon: a model from the Burdekin Region.

The central Great Barrier Reef Province is characterised by a mainland prograding terrigenous clastic shoreline and an inner shelf dominated by fluvially derived mud. The Burdekin River acts as a large point source of sediment, which is dispersed to the northwest of the mouth. Fluvial sand is wholly contained within the coastal zone and the sand and gravel components of inner and middle-shelf sediments are largely relict or palimpsest. Vertical accumulation of terrigenous mud is limited to a thin veneer on the inner shelf and is negligible on the middle shelf. Coastal progradation accounts for the bulk of Holocene terrigenous sedimentation, which decreases in a northwesterly direction, from 2.5 m yr-1 at the present delta front to 0.1 m yr-1 on the coastal plain north of Townsville. Progradation of the shoreline occurs as four distinct sedimentary assemblages (beach-ridge plain, chenier plain, mangrove-mud-flat plain, and barrier bar-lagoon complex). The overall prograding coastal wedge, where preserved in the geological record, would have recognisable seismic stratigraphic elements (coastal onlap and toplap, distal down lap and marine offlap). The pattern of late Quaternary sea-level oscillations suggests that terrigenous marine and/or alluvial sediments should predominate across most of the shelf of the Great Barrier Reef lagoon.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, QLD, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The application of physical surrogates as tools for benthic habitat mapping: An evaulation of techniques

The identification of marine habitats based on physical parameters is increasingly important for marine reserve design, allowing characterisation of habitat types over much wider areas than is possible from often patchy biological data. Marine management zones often contain a wide array of physical environments, which may not be captured in the biological sampling effort. The mismatch between biological and physical information leads to uncertainty in the application of bio-physical relationships at the broader management scale. In this study, a case study from northern Australia is used to demonstrate a methodology for defining uncertainties which result from the extrapolation of bio-physical associations across areas where detailed biological data is absent. In addition, uncertainties relating to the interpolation of physical data sets and that resulting from the cluster analysis applied to the physical data are calculated and mapped, providing marine managers with greater robustness in their analysis of habitat distributions.

Tags: AU, CERF, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, abiotic surrogates, habitat, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Bundaberg geophysical survey for underground water, Queensland 1960

The Irrigation and Water Supply Commission of Queensland requested the Bureau to test geophysical methods in the search for underground water in shallow basins, coastal plains, or river flats. Locations south of Bundaberg were selected as test areas. The application of the seismic refraction method and resistivity depth probing showed promising results.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geophysics, groundwater
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
National Gravity Compilation 2019 tilt image

Gravity data measure small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. 
This National Gravity Compilation 2019 tilt image is derived from the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series. These gravity data were acquired under the project No. 202008. The grid has a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). This gravity anomaly grid is derived from ground observations stored in the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as at September 2019, supplemented with offshore data sourced from v28.1 of the Global Gravity grid developed using data from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego. Out of the approximately 1.8 million gravity observations, nearly 1.4 million gravity stations in the ANGD with marina data were used to generate this grid. The ground gravity data used in this grid has been acquired by the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments, the mining and exploration industry, universities and research organisations from the 1940's to the present day. Station spacing varies from approximately 11 km down to less than 1 km, with major parts of the continent having station spacing between 2.5 and 7 km. Terrain corrections to gravity were calculated using both offshore bathymetry and onshore topography data. A tilt filter was then applied to the complete spherical cap Bouguer anomaly (A series) to produce this image covering Australia and its continental margins.

Tags: A series, Australia, Bouguer, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, complete, digital data, geophysical survey, geophysics, grav, gravity, ground, image, marine, raster, satellite, spherical cap, survey 202008, tilt
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Sedimentology and Geomorphology of the East Marine Region: A Spatial Analysis

This report presents the geomorphology and sedimentology of the East Marine Region. The
three main outputs of the report include: 1) a review of previous geological research undertaken in
the East Marine Region (EMR); 2) the results of a quantitative study of seabed sediment texture and
composition for these regions; and 3) a synthesis of this information characterizing regional trends in
sedimentology, geomorphology and bathymetry. The study is a collaboration between Geoscience
Australia and the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (DEWHA) and is a
continuation of similar work conducted for the North West Marine Region (Potter et al., in press;
Baker et al., 2008) and the South West Marine Region (Richardson et al., 2005). By combining results
of previous qualitative work and quantitative information generated from existing and new data, this
report provides an improved understanding of sedimentology for the EMR. Information contained
within this report will contribute to the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts
national work program and will also assist in the marine bioregional planning for the East Marine
Region.

Previous sediment studies in the EMR have predominantly produced qualitative results at local scales.
Geomorphic, sedimentary and biological information has previously been utilised to develop a
National Bioregionalisation of Australia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) (Department of the
Environment and Heritage (National Oceans Office), 2005; now the Department of the Environment,
Water, Heritage and the Arts) and substantive geomorphic features of the eastern continental margins
have already been identified and mapped (Heap and Harris, in press). This report adds
significantly to these previous studies by incorporating the information in a sedimentological
synthesis that includes a discussion of the implications for marine conservation in the EMR.
The physical characteristics of the seabed in the EMR, as described by the sediment texture and
composition data, can assist in determining the diversity of benthic marine habitats in the EMR. These
data represent enduring features which are elements of the physical environment that do not change
considerably and they are known to influence the diversity of biological systems. This is important
for marine conservation by contributing to the better definition and characterisation of benthic
habitats. Seabed texture and composition are easily measurable parameters that when combined with
other physical features can be used to create "seascapes" that serve as broad surrogates for benthic
habitats and biota (Whiteway et al., 2007). Seascapes have the potential to be used in informing the
marine bioregional planning process.

Tags: AU-NSW, AU-QLD, AU-VIC, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geomorphology, marine, sedimentology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Report on the Analysis of the Asia Pacific Regional Geodetic Project (APRGP) GPS Campaign 2017

The annual Asia Pacific Regional Geodetic Project (APRGP) GPS campaign is an activity of the Geodetic Reference Frame Working Group (WG) of the Regional Committee of United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management for Asia and the Pacific (UN-GGIM-AP). The WG is continuing the annual GPS campaign activity as some member countries are at this time unable to participate in the Asia Pacific Reference Frame (APREF) project but have an ongoing requirement for geodetic positioning relative to the regional/global network. The roles of the WG include the creating and maintenance of a densely realised and accurate geodetic framework, coordinate regional cooperation in geodesy amongst national agencies, and to build and improve the regional geodetic infrastructure. The APRGP is where UN-GGIM-AP member agencies contribute GPS data to the WG. GPS data from the APRGP are available for all participant member countries for local and global scientific research and local applications. The composite GPS data set is subsequently analysed by the WG so as to provide estimates of station coordinates in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). The results of the APRGP are also supplied by the WG to the official ITRF product centre to densify the ITRF in the Asia Pacific region. This document overviews the data analysis of APRGP GPS campaign undertaken in 2017.

Tags: Asia Pacific Regional Geodetic Project - APRGP, EARTH SCIENCES, International Terrestrial Reference System and Frame 2014 - ITRF2014, Published_External, data processing
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data