AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Coastal Stewardship in WA

In recent years coastal management, policy and planning have embraced stewardship, partnership and community engagement as key strategies. Coastcare and Coastwest groups, along with many other coastal action groups, have become the foci for the community's expression of care for the coast.  The chapter explores the many ways in which community groups have sought to express their care, and the issues they have addressed. Coastcare groups have undertaken rehabilitation, planning and monitoring. In some cases their initial aims have been for on-ground conservation but they have become politicised over time. Other coastal action groups such as the Save Ningaloo campaign have been initiated in response to threats of inappropriate coastal development so they have been politically motivated from the outset. We suggest here that the aims and expectations of community groups caring or campaigning for the coast have expanded as their work and that of others succeeds. Community groups are thus expanding their participation, and government is concurrently expanding its mechanisms to engage the community. The chapter explores the thinking behind the government policies that engage communities in caring for the coast. Finally, we ask, to what extent has increased participation generated enduring outcomes in terms of coastal protection?

Tags: Coast, Coastcare, Coastwest, Community, Environmental Stewardship, Management
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Co-dynamics of Symbiodiniaceae and bacterial populations during the first year of symbiosis with Acropora tenuis juveniles

Fourteen colonies of A. tenuis were collected from Geoffrey Bay, Magnetic Island and transported to the National Sea Simulator Facility (SeaSim) at the Australian Institute of Marine Sciences (AIMS). Corals were maintained in outside aquaria prior to the spawning event
Once larvae were competent to settle (7 days postspawning) preconditioned terracotta tiles crustose coralline algae (CCA) were introduced to induce settlement. Larvae were left to settle for 11 days. Settlement on each tile was assessed visually, and tiles containing juveniles were strung onto stainless steel rods in groups of 15 separated by PVC spacers.
Nineteen days postspawning, 240 tiles, each with 40&ndash;200 juveniles, were transported to Magnetic Island and deployed at two sites at Magnetic Island (Geoffrey Bay and Nelly Bay) respectively, at a depth of approximately 6.
Fluorescent microscopy was used to confirm the absence of Symbiodiniaceae cells prior to field deployment. Juveniles were sampled from tiles on the 19th of each month from 8:30 to 10:30 a.m. where conditions allowed, where between 6 and 17 juveniles were photographed at each time point. As juveniles began to present more complex branching patterns, 3D modelling was then employed to capture the geometries and estimate surface area. Surface area measurements were matched with Symbiodiniaceae cell counts and DNA extractions for each juvenile.
The age of juveniles at each sampling time point was as follows:
T1 &ndash; 40 days
T2 &ndash; 71 days
T3 &ndash; 11 days
T4 &ndash; 129 days
T5 &ndash; 167 days
T6 &ndash; 194 days
T7 &ndash; 316 days
T8 &ndash; 380 days
See Quigley et al (2020) for full details.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Carbon turnover and accumulation by coral reefs

High-precision measurements of changes in oxygen and various parameters of the CO2 system in sea water were used to monitor community metabolism in four Pacific coral reef systems. The reefs studied were One Tree Island and Lizard Island on the Great Barrier Reef, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu Island, Hawaii and Johnston Island in the central Pacific Ocean.
This research was undertaken to gain further understanding of carbon fluxes through coral reef systems at an operational level.
Data was collected during November 1961 at Heron Island, and during September- November, 1967 at One Tree Island.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
NASA MODIS-Terra Level-3 Binned Chlorophyll

These are daily global chlor_a maps created by the Ocean Biology Processing Group (NASA/GSFC/OBPG) using the standard global algorithms in SeaDAS/l2gen (Hu et al. 2012, doi:10.1029/2011JC007395). The product has been binned and then mapped onto an approximately 4km grid. The data are from the MODIS instrument on the Terra spacecraft only.

Tags: 0406 - Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Earth Sciences, coastal modelling, marine, model hydrodynamic, scallops
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
RAN CTD Profile Data - HMAS MERMAID ProjectID: MI008MER_M From: 2014-05-20 To: 2014-05-21

This dataset contains quality controlled vertical profiles of pressure, temperature and salinity measured by a Conductivity, Temperature and Depth (CTD) probe. The dataset contains 6 CTD profiles (casts) obtained during RAN Hydrographic Survey cruise MI008MER_M from HMAS MERMAID.
The CTD was manufactured by Applied Microsystems Limited and is the "Micro CTD" model. This CTD type is referred to operationally as the MVP200_CTD. This CTD is fitted with a 4 electrode platinized conductivity cell, thermistor temperature sensor and a semiconductor strain gauge pressure sensor.
The CTD sensors are calibrated at the manufacturer Applied Microsystems Limited on a 12-18 month schedule. The CTD temperature sensor is calibrated against 'Hart' temperature standards. The pressure sensor is calibrated using 'Budenburg Deadweight' standards. The conductivity sensor is calibrated using 'Hart' temperature standards and seawater samples of known conductivity.
The CTD sensors are mounted to a fish-shape probe. The probe is controlled by an electric winch (MVP200 type). For downcasts the fish is allowed to free-fall (winch is in 'free-wheel' mode) under its own weight at about 2-3 ms-1 and then is winched back. Data is recorded in downcast and usually in upcast direction at a sampling rate of 25 Hz. The downcast data is of higher quality because sensors encounter undisturbed seawater that flows through the nose of the fish. On the upcast the fish is flipped around (tail first) and the sensors in the nose encounter disturbed flow from the fish tail.
This type of CTD is prone to a phenomenon called 'salinity spiking' caused by a mismatch between the response times of the temperature and conductivity sensor. Data undergoes a salinity de-spiking routine to correct for this. See the history metadata for further details on the salinity de-spiking process.
Raw CTD pressure data is not always monotonic due to transient up/down motion of winch/ship. Raw pressure data is subsetted to give a monotonic (increasing) sequence and then linearly interpolated to 1 decibar pressure intervals. Data is then flagged with quality control flags after visual inspection and comparison to average climatology and historical CTD casts.

Tags: Oceans | Ocean Temperature | Water Temperature, Oceans | Salinity/density | Salinity, sea_water_practical_salinity, sea_water_temperature
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Perturbation of persistent foraminiferal assemblages by elevated land runoff into the Great Barrier Reef

A total of 11 sediment cores were collected from inshore fringing reefs adjacent to 7 islands in the Whitsunday Islands Group, Queensland. The cores were collected from three zones along a distinct and persistent water quality gradient: inner nearshore reefs with low coral cover and high macroalgal abundance (Long Island (2 cores) and Lindeman Island (2 cores)); intermediate reefs (Dent Island (1 core), Double Cone Island (1 core) and Daydream Island (1 core)); and reefs at outer inshore islands with low algal cover and high coral cover (Edward Island (2 cores) and Deloraine Island (2 cores)).Cores were collected from back reef areas at a depth of 6-8 m below lowest astronomical tide and from areas of similar substrate type, adjacent to the reef slope. Undisturbed samples of the top 2 cm of surface sediments were also collected at each location. Cores were driven into the sediment using a core driver and a movable steel collar around the aluminium core barrel, which had an external diameter of 100 mm. In the laboratory, the cores were cut into 10 cm sections. The sediment from each section was well mixed, sieved, dried, mixed again, subsampled and all foraminifera removed. Subsampling was repeated until at least 200, &gt;80% intact foraminifera were collected, which were then identified to genus or species level. The dry weight of sediment and foraminifera were determined to calculate densities.Sediment samples were dried and ground for determination of total carbon (carbonate carbon + organic carbon) and nitrogen content. The upper sediment core sections were dated using 210Pb and 137Cs measurements, andforaminifera from a total of 17 deeper sections were dated using 14C accelerator mass spectrometer analysis.
 This research was undertaken to investigate changes in foraminiferal assemblages over time. By collecting cores from reefs along a water quality gradient associated with distance from river mouths, dating core sections and identifying foraminifera within the sections, it was possible to test whether changes in foraminiferal assemblages were more likely to be caused by global stressors or by increased runoff since European settlement.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Temperature - Salinity distributions / CTD data within Jervis Bay and out across the shelf: 1990

This dataset is a component of the 'Jervis Bay Baseline Studies' project conducted by the Department of Defence, CSIRO and the Australian Defence Force Academy. 
Approximately once per month between 1988-1991, temperature-salinity surveys were conducted within Jervis Bay and out across the continental shelf. Measurements were made using a Neil Brown 'Smart' CTD. On each day of sampling, ~10 stations were chosen across the shelf, with the CTD recorder measuring salinity, temperature and sigma-T through the water column.
This record describes CTD data collected in 1990. For each day of sampling three resources are provided: 1) A text document providing details of sampling locations, as well as a CTD summary collected from each of the stations every 4-10 metres down the water column, 2) A map showing the location of each sampling station and, 3) An excel file providing the raw CTD data collected.
This is one of nine child records that relate to the parent, 13391430-2ae8-11dd-a735-00188b4c0af8. A pdf outlining the structure and hierarchy of all metadata records relating to this project is available to download through this record. Also available is a pdf of a published working paper documenting this experiment and the results.

Tags: Oceans | Ocean Circulation | Wind-driven Circulation, Oceans | Ocean Temperature | Water Temperature, Oceans | Salinity/density | Conductivity, Oceans | Salinity/density | Salinity, date, depth, distance, latitude, longitude, sea_water_density, sea_water_salinity, sea_water_temperature, station_name, time
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Larval settlement behaviour of Coscinoderma sponges from the Torres Strait, Australia (MTSRF Project 1.3.2)

This experimental study of larval settlement behaviour of Coscinoderma mathewsi, undertaken in December 2009, explored some specific aspects of recruitment behaviour raised from the Torres Strait recuritment study.Research was conducted in tanks at Orpheus Island under controlled conditions to complement field recruitment studies in the Torres Strait (see separate metadata record). Coscinoderma larvae were obtained from Orpheus Island.This study determined specific pre-settlement larval behaviours including pre-competency periods and chemical and physical settlement cues.Synchronicity of spawning cycles between Orpheus and Torres Strait sponges were assessed.
 To explore specific aspects of recruitment behaviour Coscinoderma matthewsi.
 One component of a project in the Torres Straits focusing on sponges with potential for aquaculture. Other metadata are available for: 1) Abundance of Coscinoderma 2) Recruitment of Coscinoderma3) Spatial distribution of Dictyoceratid sponges across the central Torres Strait4) Effects of handling on sponge growth

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Age vs Depth profile of core GC10, collected from the Capricorn Channel off the Eastern Australian Coast

A gravity core (GC10) was collected from a depth of 335 mbsl within the Capricorn Channel, southern Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Isotopic values for 18O and 13C were obtained from Gs. ruber and correlated with the SPECMAP age-model. Radiocarbon dating of G. sacculifer was also undertaken at three sample depths, and then corrected and correlated with the curve. This yielded an age vs. depth profile from which it was possible to determine approximate sedimentation rates. The results place the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) date at 130cm and highlights a peak in sedimentation rate during the penultimate glacial / interglacial transition. Down the core the sedimentation rates vary considerably from a high of 12 cm/kyr down to &lt;1 cm/kyr. This is probably the result of a considerable change in the sediment flux related to the sea level fluctuations.

Tags: 51200000, Foraminifera, Foraminiferans, Foraminiferida, Oceans | Marine Sediments | Sedimentation, Paleoclimate | Ocean/lake Records | Radiocarbon, calibrated_age, conventional_C14_age, core_depth, sedimentation_rate
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Patterns in the distribution of holothurians across the central Great Barrier Reef

Surveys of the distribution of holothurians were conducted on 2 inshore reefs (Pandora and Phillips), 2 mid-shelf reefs (John Brewer and Rib) and two outer-shelf reefs (Myrmidon and Dip) during September/October 1982.On the inshore reefs a single reef zone was examined. For mid-shelf and outer-shelf reefs, three zones were sampled; the outer reef flat, the inner reef flat and the leeward bommies.Surveys were carried out at night at depths of Holothuria atra, Holothuria axiologa, Holothuria coluber, Holothuria difficilis, Holothuria edulis, Holothuria hilla, Holothuria impatiens, Holothuria leucospilota, Holothuria nobilis, Actinopyga lecanora, Actinopyga mauritiana, Actinopyga miliaris, Actinopyga obesa, Actinopyga serratidens, Stichopus chloronotus, Stichopus variegatus, Stichopus sp.1, Stichopus sp.2, Bohadachia argus, Bohadachia graeffei, Bohadachia marmorata, Thelenota anax, Euapta godeffroyi.Additional species identified adjacent to belt transects:Holothuria fuscocinerea, Holothuria paradalis, Stichopus horrens, Actinopyga echinites, Synaptula maculata, Thelenota ananas.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Temperature Data for the GBR Region (NESP TWQ 4.2, AIMS)

This collection of temperature logger data has been produced to cover the most recent back to back bleaching events in the Great Barrier Reef to be used as a reference data set for coral bleaching studies. The data comes from over 90 permanent temperature logger locations within the reef from the AIMS temperature logger program, 12 AIMS automatic weather stations, 6 AIMS-IMOS mooring sites and 15 Queensland Environment wave-buoys temperature loggers. The data were restricted from late 2015 to mid-2017. For each of the sites, a visualisation dashboard presents summary plots of the data at each available depth that can be interrogated. Daily climatologies are provided so users can quickly determine the thermal history at each site. If the temperature record extends for more than 10 years previous to 2012, a climatological reference derived from the loggers&#39; data is presented. Also, the climatological values derived from the Sea Surface Temperature Atlas of the Australian Regional Seas (SSTAARS) are shown in the dashboard as reference. The reference NOAA&#39;s heating indicators Maximum Monthly Mean (MMM), and maximum Degree Heating Week (DHW) for 2016 and 2017 are provided for each of the sites. The original subsetted data can be downloaded following the link at the bottom of this page. The popups in the map link to metadata records of each of the sources.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Active-fire based Burned Area - MODIS, University of Maryland MCD64A1 mosaic, Australia coverage

The MCD64A1 product presents an automated algorithm for mapping post-fire burned areas using 500-m MODIS imagery coupled with 1-km MODIS active fire observations. The hybrid algorithm applies dynamic thresholds to composite imagery generated from a burn-sensitive vegetation index derived from MODIS channels 5 and 7, and a measure of temporal texture. Cumulative active fire maps are used to guide the selection of burned and unburned training samples and to guide the specification of prior probabilities. The combined use of active-fire and reflectance data enables the algorithm to adapt regionally over a wide range of pre- and post-burn conditions and across multiple ecosystems. (Text from Giglio et al (2009) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.10.006).

Tags: 0406 - Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Earth Sciences, coastal modelling, marine, model hydrodynamic, scallops
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Weather records in corals from northern Australia  (CCEP Project)

A large scale coral core drilling program was undertaken between March 1986 and April 1987. Coral cores were collected from Porites spp. bommies on reefs between Darwin and Gladstone during four field trips.Cores were drilled using a purpose built coring rig operated by divers on SCUBA. The objective was to obtain long unbroken cores, drilled close to the growth axis of the colony, which had little damage from boring organisms. Cores were collected from bommies at the following locations: Nightcliff (Darwin); Coral Bay (Port Essington); off the mouths of the Jeannie and Pascoe Rivers and Burkitt Island (Cape York); Stanley Reef (Cape Upstart); Scawfell Island (south of the Whitsunday Islands); and Masthead Island (Capricorn Bunker Group).A computer-controlled fluoromicrodensitometer (Fluorac) was constructed to simultaneously record density and fluorescence of cores and analyse these data. An image-processing system was acquired to attempt to develop a standardised technique for rapid retrieval of fluorescent band proxy records from coral cores.Water samples were collected from the rivers nearest the bommies drilled in the vicinity of Cape York. Soil and river samples were also collected from various locations in the Fitzroy catchment area. These samples were analysed to identify any humic and fulvic acid compounds present.
 This project was initiated to collect long cores from Porites spp. bommies, from a wide range of locations, with the aim of establishing proxy rainfall figures for tropical Australia. The fluorescent bands in nearshore corals consist of terrestrial humic and fulvic acid compounds and the bands have been proven to be closely correlated with runoff from nearby river systems. Proxy data in corals could be invaluable in a variety of fields, including meteorology, climatology, agriculture and coastal engineering.A secondary component of this project was to trace the terrestrial components in the yellow-green fluorescent bands back to their sources to allow estimation of the contributions made by different rivers and to enable more precise estimates of zonal rainfall.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Phytoplankton in Cockburn Sound from 1977-1978 (Hardcopy)

Phytoplankton samples were collected from two sites in Cockburn Sound at weekly intervals for a total of 51 weeks over the period July 1977 to August 1978 for identification and counts.  Chlorophyll a and other nutrients were also measured at these sites.

Tags: Biosphere | Microbiota | Phytoplankton, Oceans | Marine Biology | Marine Microbiota, Oceans | Water Quality | Chlorophyll, Oceans | Water Quality | Nutrients
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Handbook of Western Australian Birds. Volume 1-Non Passerines ( Emu to Dollarbird).

Covers Western Australia and all offshore islands including Ashmore Reef ,Christmas Island and Cocos Keeling Islands. Each species comprehensively treated with information on morphology, distribution, status, habitat preferences, migration, nests, eggs, food and behaviour.

Tags: Biosphere | Zoology | Birds, States, Territories (Australia) | Western Australia
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Oxygen-isotope records, age-model results and sedimentation rates of core MD88-779

Core MD88-779 was taken during the 1988 French ASPARA IV cruise in the South East Indian Ocean aboard the Marion DuFresne. The core was situated on the South Tasman Rise (47º50.690S, 146º32.750E) at a depth of 2260m. Although the core recovered was 6.7m long, only the top 2.6m were studied as preliminary investigations had indicated that this section covered the last two glacial cycles.
Isotopic analysis was performed on tests of the benthic foraminifera Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi. The record contains two climatic cycles that reach into isotope-stage 7. The benthic isotope curve of core MD88-779, however, shows a melding of isotopic stages 3-5, which are difficult to separate with depth.
The age-model is derived through comparison with the benthic SPECMAP stack of Martinson et al. (1987). The core covers 200kyr over 260cm, and thus has a low sedimentation rate. It also shows a reduction of sedimentation from the Holocene rates to that of the last glacial (oxygen-isotope stage 2). 
The complete loss of a diatom record at 170cm and 210/220cm in the core is extremely unusual. The diatom signal is interpreted as having been removed by increased water mass velocity, extreme post-depositional silica dissolution or decreased productivity. There is no sedimentological evidence from the core which provides further interpretation.

Tags: 51200000, Age model, Biosphere | Microbiota | Foraminifers, C. wuellerstorfi, Oceans | Marine Sediments | Sedimentation, Paleoclimate | Ocean/lake Records | Oxygen Isotopes
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network