AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Fletcherview Tropical Rangeland Flux Data Release 2025_v1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.18) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

Fletcherview Tropical Rangeland SuperSite was established in 2021 at James Cook University’s Fletcherview Research Station, a fully operational outback cattle station located 50&nbsp;km west of Townsville, Queensland. The site is used for cattle grazing and is characterised by tall open savanna. The vegetation is dominated by native grasses such as blackspear and kangaroo grasses, as well as introduced species like buffel grass, signal grass and leucaena. Fletcherview typically experiences a dry and wet season, with most rainfall occurring between January and April.

Tags: fletch, tropical rangeland
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Longreach Mitchell Grass FLUXNET Release 2026_r1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro as described by Isaac et al. (2017) for the quality control and post-processing steps. The final, gap-filled product containing Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER) has been produced using the ONEFlux software as described in Pastorello et al. (2020). This data set has been produced as part of the FLUXNET Shuttle project.

The Mitchell Grass Rangelands flux tower is located near Longreach in western Queensland. The rangeland covers approximately 47 M ha (14% of Queensland and 6% of Australia). An eddy-covariance flux tower that continuously measures exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapour and energy between the terrestrial ecosystem and atmosphere was installed at the site in mid-2018 in collaboration with TERN Ozflux. Funded by the Australian Government.

Tags: AU-Lon, FLUXNET ID
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Foliage Projective Cover - Sentinel-2, DETSI Algorithm, QLD Coverage

For some time, Remote Sensing Sciences, has produced Foliage Projective Cover (FPC) using a model applied to Landsat surface reflectance imagery, calibrated by field observations. An updated model was developed which relates field measurements of FPC to 2-year time series of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) computed from Landsat seasonal surface reflectance composites. The model is intended to be applied to Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, given their similar spectral characteristics. However, due to insufficient field data coincident with the Sentinel-2 satellite program, the model was fitted on Landsat imagery using a significantly expanded, national set of field data than was used for the previous Landsat FPC model fitting. The FPC model relates the field measured green fraction of mid- and over-storey foliage cover to the minimum value of NDVI calculated from 2-years of Landsat seasonal surface reflectance composites. NDVI is a standard vegetation index used in remote sensing which is highly correlated with vegetation photosynthesis. The model is then applied to analogous Sentinel-2 seasonal surface reflectance composites to produce an FPC image at Sentinel-2 spatial resolution (i.e. 10&nbsp;m) using the radiometric relationships established between Sentinel-2 and Landsat in Flood (2017). This is intended to represent the FPC for that 2-year period rather than any single date, hence the date range in the dataset file name. The dataset is generally expected to provide a reasonable estimate of the range of FPC values for any given stand of woody vegetation, but it is expected there will be over- and under-estimation of absolute FPC values for any specific location (i.e. pixel) due to a range of factors. The FPC model is sensitive to fluctuations in vegetation greenness, leading to anomalies such as high FPC on irrigated pastures or locations with very green herbaceous or grass understoreys. A given pixel in the FPC image, represents the predicted FPC in the season with the least green/driest vegetation cover over the 2-year period assumed to be that with the least influence of seasonally variable herbaceous vegetation and grasses on the more seasonally stable woody FPC estimates. The two-year period was used partly because it represents a period relative to tree growth but was also constrained due to the limited availability of imagery in the early Sentinel-2 time series. The FPC dataset is constrained by the woody vegetation extent dataset for the FPC year.

Tags: foliage projective cover
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Cow Bay Flux Data Release 2026_v1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.23) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

The Cow Bay flux station was established in December 2008 and managed by James Cook University. The forest is classified as complex mesophyll vine forest, there are 94 species in the core 1&nbsp;Ha, and average tree height is 22&nbsp;m. Elevation of the site is 90&nbsp;m and mean annual precipitation is 3935&nbsp;mm. The Daintree Rainforest is one of the most biodiverse forests in Australia. The instruments are mounted on a walk-up tourist tower at 35&nbsp;m. Fluxes of heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide are measured using the open-path eddy flux technique. Supplementary measurements above the canopy include temperature, humidity, windspeed, wind direction, rainfall, incoming and reflected shortwave radiation and net radiation.The early years 2009 - 12 had several data gaps. Shadowing of the radiometric equipment continues to cause artifacts on the radiometers - these can be seen as reduction in downwelling radiation with solar inclination. The site is part of the FNQ Rainforest SuperSite - associated with the Daintree node, which is part of the TERN, Australia. 

Tags: Au-Cow, mesophyll vine forest
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Australian Terrestrial and Coastal Marine (Blue) Carbon Stocks

The soil in terrestrial and blue carbon ecosystems (BCE; mangroves, tidal marshes, seagrasses) is a significant carbon (C) sink. National assessments of C inventories are needed to protect them and aid nature-based strategies to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide. We harmonised measurements from Australia's terrestrial and BCE and, using consistent multi-scale spatial machine learning, unravelled the drivers of soil organic carbon (SOC) variation and digitally mapped their stocks. The modelling shows that climate and vegetation are continentally the primary drivers of SOC variation. But the underlying regional drivers are ecosystem type, terrain, clay content, mineralogy, and nutrients. The digital soil maps indicate that in the 0-30&nbsp;cm soil layer, terrestrial ecosystems hold 27.6&nbsp;Gt (19.6-39.0&nbsp;Gt), and BCE 0.35&nbsp;Gt (0.20-0.62&nbsp;Gt). Tall open eucalypt and mangrove forests have the largest mean SOC per unit area. Eucalypt woodlands and hummock grassland, which occupy vast areas, store the largest total SOC stock. These ecosystems constitute important regions for conservation, emissions avoidance, and preservation because they also provide additional co-benefits.

Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Wellington FLUXNET Release 2026_r1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro as described by Isaac et al. (2017) for the quality control and post-processing steps.  The final, gap-filled product containing Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER) has been produced using the ONEFlux software as described in Pastorello et al (2020).  This data set has been produced as part of the FLUXNET Shuttle project.

The Wellington Research Station flux tower is part of the network of Australian Critical Zone Observatories (OzCZO). The site vegetation is characterised by pastoral/woodland type. Climate of the site is represented by a humid subtropical climate type (Köppen), with hot summers and cool winters. Long term weather records from the Bureau of Meteorology (station no. 065035) states annual mean maximum temperatures of ca 22.8 °C, and mean minimum temperatures of ca 10.5 °C. The rainfall for the site is in the range from an annual lowest of 348.3 mm to annual highest of 1355.3 mm. The station was commissioned on 1 September 2023 and is managed by the CSIRO Environment.

Tags: AU-Wel, FLUXNET ID
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Sturt Plains Flux Data Release 2024_v1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.17) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

The site is located on a low lying plain dominated by Mitchell Grass (<em>Astrebla</em> spp.). Elevation of the site is close to 250&nbsp;m and mean annual precipitation at a nearby Bureau of Meteorology site is 640&nbsp;mm. Maximum temperatures range from 28.4&nbsp;°C (in June/ July) to 39.1&nbsp;°C (in December), while minimum temperatures range from 11.2&nbsp;°C (in July) to 24.4&nbsp;°C (in December).

The instrument mast is 5&nbsp;m tall. Heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide measurements are taken using the open-path eddy flux technique. Temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and net radiation are measured. Soil heat fluxes are measured and soil moisture content is gathered using time domain reflectometry.

Ancillary measurements taken at the site include LAI, leaf-scale physiological properties (gas exchange, leaf isotope ratios, nitrogen and chlorophyll concentrations), vegetation optical properties and soil physical properties. Airborne based remote sensing (Lidar and hyperspectral measurements) was carried out at the site in September 2008. Biomass harvest measured: mean live biomass 0.00&nbsp;gm-2 (standard error: 0.00), mean standing dead biomass 163.42&nbsp;gm-2 (standard error: 16.73), mean litter biomass 148.99&nbsp;gm-2 (standard error: 21.32), total mean biomass 312.40&nbsp;gm-2 (standard error: 30.80). Soil consists of: clay 14.47%, silt 51.23%, sand 34.30%.

Tags: AU-Stp, Eddy Covariance
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Daly Pasture Flux Data Release 2024_v1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.17) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

The site was identified as tropical pasture dominated by species <em>Chamaecrista rotundifolia</em> (round-leaf cassia cv. Wynn), <em>Digitaria milijiana</em> (Jarra grass) and <em>Aristida sp.</em> standing at approximately 0.3&nbsp; m tall. The soil at the site was a mixture of red kandosol and deep sand. Elevation of the site was close to 70&nbsp; m and mean annual precipitation at a nearby Bureau of Meteorology site was 1250&nbsp; mm. Maximum temperatures ranged from 37.5°C (in October) to 31.2°C (in June), while minimum temperatures ranged from 12.6°C (in July) to 23.8°C (in January). Maximum temperatures varied on a seasonal basis between 6.3°C while minimum temperatures varied by 11.2°C.   The instrument mast was 15 meters tall. Heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide measurements were taken using the open-path eddy flux technique. Temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, incoming and reflected shortwave radiation and net radiation were measured. Ancillary measurements taken at the site included LAI, leaf-scale physiological properties (gas exchange, leaf isotope ratios, N and chlorophyll concentrations), vegetation optical properties and soil physical properties. Airborne based remote sensing (Lidar and hyperspectral measurements) was carried out across the transect in September 2008.  The site was destroyed by fire in September 2013.

Tags: AU-DaP, Eddy Covariance, tropical pasture
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
QTFN Aroona Station Acoustic Data Collection - A2O Project

This dataset contains audio files from Queensland Trust for Nature (QTFN) Aroona site. This site was established in 2025 by QTFN, QUT and TERN with co-investment by the Queensland Government Research Infrastructure Co-investment Fund (RICF) 


 QTFN’s Aroona Station is a 2,000-ha property in the significant wildlife corridor Little Liverpool Range on Yugara Country, 55 km south-west of Ipswich. A working cattle property for over 50 years with large areas of diverse native vegetation that supports varied and viable populations of conservation-significant wildlife, Aroona Station showcases how nature conservation, best practice land management and sustainable beef production can co-exist in harmony. 



In 2024 four acoustic recorders were set up to collect audio data continuously following the protocols of the A2O project. Two recorders were placed in relatively wet habitats and two in relatively dry habitats.

Tags: Acoustic recordings
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Brigalow Catchment Study data

The Brigalow Catchment Study (BCS) in the brigalow (<em>Acacia harpophylla</em>) bioregion of central Queensland, commenced in 1965 with a pre-clearing calibration phase of 17 years to define the hydrology of 3 adjoining catchments (12-17&nbsp;ha). Following clearing of 2 catchments in 1982, 3 land uses, brigalow forest, cropping, and grazed pasture, were established and monitored for water balance, resource condition and productivity. This trial has provided data and scientific understanding on the interaction of climate, soils, water, land use and management for resource condition across the three major land uses. Soil samples from the trial site have been used in calibration of the Roth C model for use in estimating Australia’s national greenhouse gas inventory.

Tags: Brigalow, Queensland, cattle, cropping, forestry, grazing, rain fall
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Collie Flux Data Release 2022_v2

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.7) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

The Collie flux station was located approximately 10&nbsp;km southeast of Collie, near Perth, Western Australia. It was established in August 2017 and stopped measuring in November 2019. 

Tags: AU-Col, dry eucalypt woodland, eddy covariance
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Desert Uplands 1 Acoustic Data Collection

This dataset contains audio files from the Desert Uplands 1 site. This site was established in 2025 by QUT, TERN with co-investment by the Queensland Government Research Infrastructure Co-investment Fund (RICF).  Four acoustic recorders were set up to collect audio data continuously using the deployment protocols of the A2O project. 

Tags: Acoustic recordings
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Oxford FLUXNET Release 2026_r1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using standard micrometeorological methods for the quality control and post-processing steps.  The final, gap-filled product containing Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER) has been produced using the ONEFlux software as described in Pastorello et al. (2020).  This data set has been produced as part of the FLUXNET Shuttle project.

The Oxford flux site is a 1-hectare area on the Canterbury Plains, New Zealand (235 m elevation), originally used as grazed pasture dominated by ryegrass and clover. In 1996, grazing ceased and native kānuka trees were planted, allowing natural vegetation change.
The site uses several instrument masts to measure fluxes of water vapour, heat, and carbon dioxide, along with weather and soil conditions. Additional monitoring includes vegetation properties, soil respiration, and tree growth.

Tags: FLUXNET ID, NZ-Oxf
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Collie FLUXNET Release 2026_r1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro as described by Isaac et al. (2017) for the quality control and post-processing steps. The final, gap-filled product containing Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER) has been produced using the ONEFlux software as described in Pastorello et al. (2020). This data set has been produced as part of the FLUXNET Shuttle project.The Collie flux station was located approximately 10km southeast of Collie, near Perth, Western Australia (GPS coordinates: -33.420, 116.237; elevation 384m).It was established in August 2017, stopped measuring in November 2019, and the flux instrumentation was managed by The University of Western Australia.The flux tower site was located within an area of wandoo woodland. Elevation of the site was close to 384 m. Climate information came from the nearby Collie BoM AWS station 009628 (1899 to present) and shows mean annual precipitation was approximately 933 mm with highest rainfall in June and July of ~176 mm each month.Maximum temperatures range from 30.5&deg;C (in Jan) to 15.5&deg;C (in July), while minimum temperatures range from 4.2&deg;C (in July) to 13.2 &deg;C (in Jan).The instrument mast was 35m tall. Heat, water vapour, and carbon dioxide measurements were taken using the open-path eddy flux technique. Temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, soil heat fluxes, soil temperature, and soil moisture content were also collected.

Tags: AU-Col, FLUXNET ID
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Robson Creek Flux Data Release 2022_v2

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.7) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

Robson Creek site is part of the Far North Queensland (FNQ) Rainforest Site along with affiliated monitoring sites at Cape Tribulation (Daintree Rainforest Observatory) and Cow Bay (Daintree Discovery Centre). The flux station is located at the foothills of the Lamb Range, part of the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area, and north-west of a 25&nbsp;ha census plot established by CSIRO in 2012. 

The forest is classified as Regional Ecosystem (RE) 7.3.36a, complex mesophyll vine forest (Queensland Government, 2006). There are 211 species in the adjacent 25&nbsp;ha plot, and average tree height is 28&nbsp;m, ranging from 23 to 44&nbsp;m. Elevation of the site is 711&nbsp;m and mean annual precipitation is 2000&nbsp;mm. The upland rainforests of the Atherton Tablelands are some of the most biodiverse and carbon dense forests in Australia. The landform of the 25&nbsp;ha plot which is in the dominant wind direction from the station is moderately inclined with a low relief, a 30&nbsp;m high ridge running north/south through the middle of the plot and a 40&nbsp;m high ridge running north/south on the eastern edge of the plot.

The instruments are mounted on a free standing station at 40&nbsp;m. Fluxes of heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide are measured using the open-path eddy flux technique. Supplementary measurements above the canopy include temperature, humidity, windspeed, wind direction, rainfall, incoming and reflected shortwave radiation and net radiation.

Note: Level 3 data for 2015 - 2018 were updated in 2018 correcting a rainfall issue in 2015 and a wind direction issue 2016 - 2018. A data gap from 2019-02-14 to 2019-02-21 was due to a major power supply failure.

Tags: AU-Rob, Wet Tropics World Heritage Area, complex mesophyll vine forest, eddy covariance
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Daly Uncleared Flux Data Release 2024_v1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.17) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

The site is woodland savanna with an overstory co-dominated by tree species <em>Eucalyptus tetrodonta</em>, <em>Corymbia latifolia</em>, <em>Terminalia grandiflora</em>, <em>Sorghum sp.</em> and <em>Heteropogon triticeus</em>. Average canopy height measures 16.4&nbsp;m. Elevation of the site is close to 110&nbsp; m and mean annual precipitation at a nearby Bureau of Meteorology site is 1,170&nbsp;mm. Maximum temperatures range from 31.2 &nbsp;°C (in June) to 37.5&nbsp;°C (in October), while minimum temperatures range from 12.6&nbsp;°C (in July) to 23.8&nbsp;°C (in January). Maximum temperatures range seasonally by 6.3&nbsp;°C and minimum temperatures by 11.2&nbsp;°C. The instrument mast is 23&nbsp;m tall. Heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide measurements are taken using the open-path eddy flux technique. Temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, incoming and reflected shortwave radiation and net radiation are measured above the canopy.Ancillary measurements taken at the site include LAI, leaf-scale physiological properties (gas exchange, leaf isotope ratios, nitrogen and chlorophyll concentrations), vegetation optical properties and soil physical properties. Airborne based remote sensing (Lidar and hyperspectral measurements) was carried out across the site in September 2008. 

Tags: AU-DaS, Eddy Covariance, woodland savanna
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery