AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Continental slope and rise geomorphology seaward of the Totten Glacier, East Antarctica (112°E-122°E)

The continental slope seaward of the Totten Glacier  and Sabrina Coast displays a suite of submarine canyons separated by ridges. The ridges show a range of morphological features that indicate they form by accretion of pelagic and hemipelagic sediment which can be remobilised by mass movement. The study area can be divided into two areas with distinct geomorphological features. Canyons in the eastern part of the study area have concave thalwegs and are linked to the shelf edge and upper slope and show signs of erosion and deposition along their beds suggesting cycles of activity controlled by climate cycles. The major canyon in the western part of the area has a convex thalweg. It is likely fed predominantly by mass movement from the flanks of the adjacent ridges with less input sediment from the shelf edge. The ridges between canyons in the Eastern part of the study area are asymmetric with crests close to the west bank of adjacent canyons and are mostly formed by westward advection of fine sediment lofted from turbidity currents and deposition of pelagic sediment. The ridges in the western part of the study area are more likely fully contourites, formed by accretion of suspended sediment with their associated canyons fed by flows derived predominantly from slumping on the adjacent ridge flanks. Canyons and ridges in the eastern part of the study area lie to the east of the Totten Glacier and are seaward of small ice drainage basins feeding the Moscow University Ice Shelf. Ridges and canyons in the western part of area formed from sediment transported along the margin and from detritus originating from the Totten Glacier.  Higher sediment supply produced larger, shallower ridges that interact with ocean currents and coincide with a long-lived depocenter. The overall geomorphology of the Sabrina Coast slope is part of a continuum of mixed contourite-turbidite systems identified on the Antarctic margin. These ridges are thus prime locations to sample for sedimentary records of the Totten Glacier’s interaction with the adjacent ocean.

<b>Citation:</b> E. O'Brien, A.L. Post, S. Edwards, T. Martin, A. Caburlotto, F. Donda, G. Leitchenkov, R. Romeo, M. Duffy, D. Evangelinos, L. Holder, A. Leventer, A. López-Quirós, B.N. Opdyke, L.K. Armand, Continental slope and rise geomorphology seaward of the Totten Glacier, East Antarctica (112°E-122°E), <i>Marine Geology</i>, Volume 427, 2020, 106221, ISSN 0025-3227,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2020.1062

Tags: Antarctica, Continental slope and rise, EARTH SCIENCES, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, Published_External, Ridges, Submarine cnayons, Totten Glacier
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
The new normal for geoscience in a post-COVID world: connecting informed people with the Earth

We consider how our society can use data, information and knowledge of the Earth under a broad definition of geoscience to better connect with the Earth system.  This is important in our changing world, in particular how geoscience contributes to our response to the societal impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Ultimately, informed decisions utilizing the best geoscience data and information provide key parts of our economic, environmental and cultural recovery from the pandemic. The connection to country and more widely connection to our planet and the greater Earth system that comes from personal experience has been especially challenged in 2020. Much of Australia’s population have been encouraged to stay in our homes, first because of major fires and more recently in response to isolation from the COVID-19 pandemic. Although domestic travel became increasingly allowable, international travel has been restricted for much longer.  This has increased the importance of trusted data and information initially from domestic locations and for more extended time between countries that are now less accessible. We discuss ways that geoscience governs our discovery and use of minerals, energy and groundwater resources and builds resilience and adaptation to environmental and cultural change. A broad definition of geoscience also includes positioning and location data and information, such as through integrated digital mapping, satellite data and real-time precise positioning. Important here is sharing, with two-way exchange of data, information and knowledge about the Earth, through outreach in geoscience education programs and interactions with communities across Australia, into neighboring countries in Asia and the Pacific, and across the world. An aspiration is for geoscience to inform social license through evidence-based decisions, such as for land and marine access, for a strong economy, resilient society and sustainable environment. At Geoscience Australia, we have developed a ten years strategic plan (Strategy 2028) that guides us to be a trusted source of information on Australia’s geology and geography for government, industry and community decision making. This will contribute to a safer, more prosperous and well-informed Australia and its connection to neighbouring countries, such as in Asia, as well as people that are better connected to country and our planet.

<b>Citation:</b> Hill, S., Thorne, J., Przeslawski, R., Mouthaan, R., Lewis, C. The 'new normal' for geoscience in a post-COVID world: connecting informed people with the Earth. <i>Thai Geoscience Journal</i> Volume 2 (2) 2021, p30-37 021 ISSN-2730-2695; DOI-10.14456/tgj.2021.3

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, community education and outreach, earth system science, environment, geoscience, mapping, resource
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Application of random forest, generalised linear model and their hybrid methods with geostatistical techniques to count data: Predicting sponge species richness

Spatial distribution of sponge species richness (SSR) and its relationship with environment are important for marine ecosystem management, but they are either unavailable or unknown. Hence we applied random forest (RF), generalised linear model (GLM) and their hybrid methods with geostatistical techniques to SSR data by addressing relevant issues with variable selection and model selection. It was found that: 1) of five variable selection methods, one is suitable for selecting optimal RF predictive models; 2) traditional model selection methods are unsuitable for identifying GLM predictive models and joint application of RF and AIC can select accuracy-improved models; 3) highly correlated predictors may improve RF predictive accuracy; 4) hybrid methods for RF can accurately predict count data; and 5) effects of model averaging are method-dependent. This study depicted the non-linear relationships of SSR and predictors, generated spatial distribution of SSR with high accuracy and revealed the association of high SSR with hard seabed features.

<b>Citation:</b> Jin Li, Belinda Alvarez, Justy Siwabessy, Maggie Tran, Zhi Huang, Rachel Przeslawski, Lynda Radke, Floyd Howard, Scott Nichol, Application of random forest, generalised linear model and their hybrid methods with geostatistical techniques to count data: Predicting sponge species richness, <i>Environmental Modelling &amp; Software</i>, Volume 97, 2017, Pages 112-129, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.07.016

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, feature selection, machine learning - ML, model selection, predictive accuracy, spatial prediction, spatial predictive model
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Data from: Network analysis of vessel movements facilitates rapid response to invasive marine species incursion

Abstract: 

<code>The world is becoming increasingly connected as human populations grow and international commerce changes. The movements of marine vessels create a complex global maritime network that is now the most significant pathway for the introduction and spread of invasive aquatic species (IAS) to coastal ecosystems around the world. Preventing establishment of marine IAS in new locations requires spatially explicit tools that can identify areas where incursions are likely to inform targeted surveillance and response strategies.

Focusing on the New Zealand seascape, we used network analysis to quantify the potential for the post-incursion dispersal of a new IAS through commercial and recreational vessel pathways. Networks were constructed using vessel movements from automated identification system signals, along with recreational boater surveys, and life history characteristics of the recently detected invasive green algae from the genus Caulerpa (C. brachypus and C. parvifolia). Using network and spatial modelling we (i) quantified the strength of vessel-mediated links from known established populations in New Zealand to the Northland region&amp;#39;s coastline, (ii) Identified coastal sites in Northland where anchoring events of potentially infested vessels had occurred, highlighting likely points of introduction and (iii) integrated these into a priority list allowing management agencies to effectively allocate resources to limit further spread.

We found that over a one-year period more than 4,000 anchoring events originating from incursion sites occurred in the Northland region. From these anchoring data, we identified 13 sites that showed a high relative likelihood of incursion, with the outer Bay of Islands area experiencing the highest relative introduction pressure. In addition, our work suggests that invasive Caulerpa had frequent opportunities to be transferred long distances beyond Northland, and that individuals could potentially be transported in a viable state across the entire country.

Synthesis and applications: This study presents a transferable framework for prioritising surveillance and early detection efforts for IAS. By integrating spatial data on vessel movements with species traits, managers can identify sites with a high relative incursion likelihood and increase detection speed. The approach supports timely, cost-effective decision-making and can be adapted to biosecurity planning in diverse coastal regions worldwide.
</code>

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Antarctic Gateway Partnership Theme 4.1 - 2018/19 AUV Sørsdal Deployment

In support of future science missions, an engineering demonstration was conducted to show the ability of the nupiri muka AUV to be deployed and operated at an ice shelf. The AUV was deployed from Davis Station, Antarctica, to conduct underwater surveys in the vicinity of, and beneath, the Sørsdal ice shelf. 

The AUV conducted several surface transits from the station to the ice shelf, where dive missions at various depths were conducted. The primary mode of operation was the AUV tracking near the seafloor. In addition, a patch survey was conducted near the stations, where several sediment grabs were taken.

Tags: autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV)
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Darwin Light From 03 Jul 2010

'Australian National Moorings Network' (ANMN) is a facility of the Australian 'Integrated Marine Observing System' (IMOS) project. This data set was collected by the ANMN sub-facility 'National Reference Systems' (NRS).

Tags: surface_downwelling_photosynthetic_radiative_flux_in_air
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
CSIRO-Mk3-6-0 model output prepared for CMIP5 historicalGHG

historicalGHG is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5
(http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated
climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for
assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5.

7.2 historicalGHG (7.2 GHG-only historical) - Version 1: Historical simulation but with greenhouse gas forcing only.

Experiment design: http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/Taylor_CMIP5_design.pdf
List of output variables: http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/standard_output.pdf
Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format
Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository

Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax
(http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf)
as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble
member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc.

Tags: 0399 - Other Chemical Sciences, 0401 - Atmospheric Sciences, 0405 - Oceanography, 0406 - Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Atmospheric Sciences, National Computational Infrastructure (NCI), Oceanography, Other Chemical Sciences (Environmental Chemistry), Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Assisted evolution of corals and their symbionts enhances recruit heat tolerance but with complex outcomes (RRAP ECT 2.1)

Heat-tolerant coral stock could supplement populations with tolerance-conferring alleles to combat rising sea surface temperatures and marine heat waves. We tested coral selective breeding and Symbiodiniaceae experimental evolution independently and in tandem as interventions for generating heat-tolerant stock. This research makes substantial contributions to the development of assisted evolution interventions that might be used in the conservation of biodiversity.

Gravid, adult Acropora spathulata colonies were collected from the reef crest and upper reef slope from Davies and Moore Reefs on the central and northern Great Barrier Reef prior to the December full moon in 2022 (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority permit G22-47337.1). Rapid heat stress assays were conducted on the broodstock corals following Naugle et al. 2024 and Denis et al. 2024. Colony performance from the rapid heat stress test informed our selective breeding. 

Coral spawning occured at the National SeaSimulator facility following the December full moon (07/12/2022). The egg-sperm bundles of the colonies were combined in bulk crosses according to broodstock heat tolerance (based on ED50 rankings) to produce four offspring groups with 3 &ndash; 9 parental colonies for each reef: 1) offspring of the most heat-tolerant broodstock with rankings in the top 25 percentile (RR), 2) offspring of the moderately heat-tolerant broodstock with rankings between the 37.5 and 62.5 percentiles (MM), 3) offspring of the most thermally sensitive broodstock with rankings in the bottom 25 percentile (SS), and 4) offspring produced from a bulk cross containing gametes from all colonies that spawned on the night when the most colonies spawned in synchrony (Bulk).

The larvae were settled and their crosses were compared to assess whether Fv/Fm ED50 phenotyping under rapid heat stress assays could be used to enhance recruit tolerance under ecologically meaningful levels of heat stress. To investigate whether recruit heat tolerance was enhanced via the inoculation of the recruits with HE Symbiodiniaceae of C. proliferum, a wildtype (WT) strain (WT10, SCF055-01.10) and HE strain (SS8, SCF055-01.08) were used for inoculations and compared during the anlyses. Overall, the stress test was conducted to assess the effect of selective breeding and inoculation with HE symbionts on the heat tolerance of coral recruits under ecologically relevant levels of thermal stress.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Living Shorelines Australia database: a national inventory of nature-based coastal protection projects (NESP MaC 1.10)

Climate change and population growth are accelerating the need for diverse solutions to coastal protection. Traditionally, shorelines are armoured with conventional "hard" or "grey" engineering structures such as seawalls which are non-adaptive and come with significant economic, environmental and social costs. While hard structures have a place in coastal protection, alternative 'living shorelines' methods harness natural ecosystems to reduce coastal erosion and flooding and provide co-benefits such as carbon sequestration. They may consist of dunes, wetlands and biogenic reefs: either alone (‘soft approach’) or in combination with hard structures (‘hybrid approach’). 

The Living Shorelines Australia project (https://livingshorelines.com.au) compiled a database of nature-based ("soft" or "hybrid") coastal protection projects from across Australia. This database acts as a tool to help coastal managers make informed decisions by providing as many examples as possible of where these solutions have been used, how they were used, and how effective they are in different contexts. The information in this database was collected through direct engagement with coastal managers and stakeholders, a literature search, and informal internet searching.

Under the NESP Marine and Coastal Hub Project 1.10, this database was established and populated with 138 projects identified through the process described above. Since then (2022), the database has continued to be updated by The University of Melbourne and now contains 200 nature-based coastal protection projects.

Tags: National Environmental Science Program (NESP) Marine and Coastal Hub, coastal defence, coastal protection, living shorelines
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Lizard Island Wind From 13 Aug 2010

The 'Wireless Sensor Networks Facility' (formerly known as Facility for The Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems (FAIMMS)), part of the Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System project (GBROOS), is a facility of the Australian 'Integrated Marine Observing System' (IMOS) project. This data set was collected by the Great Barrier Reef Wireless Sensor Network.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Australian National Offshore Wells Data Collection

Geoscience Australia houses one of the world's largest collections of petroleum data. Much of this data is non-confidential and available to the petroleum industry, research organisations and the public. 

The collection includes well data submitted by industry under legislative requirements as well as data collected by research projects and marine surveys undertaken by Geoscience Australia or other government agencies or institutions. 

The collections comprise of digital data such as well completion reports, well logs, destructive analysis reports, vertical seismic profiles, core photography, special studies and also hard-copy well log data and graphs submitted during the pre-digital era. 

<b>Value: </b> information related to the subsurface that have the potential to support geological investigations and assessment of a variety of resources. 

<b>This data can be discovered through the National Offshore Petroleum Information Management System (NOPIMS) - https://www.ga.gov.au/nopims</b>

Tags: DC2020, EARTH SCIENCES, GIS Dataset, HVC - High Value Collection, National, Offshore Wells, Petroleum Exploration, Petroleum Geology, Published_External, Well completion reports, Well logs, {0}
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
NESP MB Project A5 - Defining connectivity of Australia’s hammerhead sharks

This record provides an overview of the scope and research output of the NESP Marine Biodiversity Hub project "Defining connectivity of Australia’s hammerhead sharks". For specific data outputs from this project, please see child records associated with this metadata.

Hammerhead sharks are the focus of conservation management through recent listing on Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) and Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS). The clear data gap for Department of the Environment and Energy (DoEE) and Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA) is connectivity of populations across national and international jurisdictions. This project applies genetic and satellite telemetry to examine the movement and connectivity of hammerhead sharks. This will help determine use of Australian Marine Parks (AMPs) and the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP), and define Biologically Important Areas (BIAs) where possible. These data will be assimilated with current research to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the status of hammerhead shark populations to inform species listing and assist management and conservation policies at national and international levels.

Planned Outputs
• A report outlining the results of genetic and movement analysis of hammerhead shark populations in northern Australia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea including identification of BIAs (aggregation sites) and use of CMRs where possible; revised conceptual models of stock structure and species status assessments; and a summary of Indigenous knowledge and traditional use of hammerhead sharks. 
• Presentation of results to key stakeholders and end users
• Policy Brief (Research Summary for Managers) that describes project outcomes
• Manuscripts for scientific journals outlining the results of project components (eg, genetics, movement, Indigenous use and knowledge transfer)
• Presentation of recommendations at scientific conferences
• Communication of findings to the broader community via social media

Tags: National Environmental Science Program (NESP) Marine Biodiversity Hub, connectivity, conservation, fisheries, hammerhead shark, management
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Chemical, Biological and Hydrological Controls on the 14C Content of Cold Seep Carbonate Crusts: Numerical Modelling and Implications for Convection at Cold Seeps

Understanding the hydrology of cold seep environments is crucial to perform accurate estimates of fluid and chemical fluxes at sedimentary wedges. Shallow convection processes may affect fluid flux estimates and could favor the destabilization of gas hydrate accumulations, increasing the sediment-ocean methane flux. Evidence for the occurrence of convection at cold seeps, however, is still limited. We use the concentration of 14C (D14C) in carbonate crusts formed at cold seeps of the eastern Mediterranean Sea as a tracer for convective recirculation of seawater-derived fluids. A numerical model is applied to investigate the controls on 14C incorporation in cold seep carbonates. Our simulations show that increased amounts of CH4 in the expelled fluids result in elevated crust D14C, while high Ca2+ and HCO3 concentrations produce the opposite effect. Convection is the only transport process that can significantly increase crust D14C. Advection, bioirrigation, eddy diffusion and bioturbation instead, have little effect on, or produce a decrease of, crust D14C. In addition, the presence of old or modern carbon (MC) in host sediments prior to cementation and the 14C-decay associated to the time needed to form the crust contribute in defining the D14C of carbonate crusts. We then use the model to reproduce the 14C content of the eastern Mediterranean Sea crusts to constrain the chemical and hydrological conditions that led to their formation. Some crusts contain relatively low amounts of 14C (-945.0

Tags: Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, fluid flow drivers, geochemistry, marine, volcanology
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Origin of Petroleum in the Bowen and Surat Basins : Implications for Source, Maturation and Migration

natural gases and 130 core samples from potential source rocks enable resolution of the generation and migration history of petroleum in the Bowen and Surat basins. Biomarker analysis confirmed a pre-Jurassic source for the petroleum.Stable carbon-isotope analysis further indicated a Permian-sourced petroleum and was able to differentiate a very minor and localised Triassic source contribution.The dominant source for the petroleum is terrestrial land plants as well as a minor marine source influence. Lower delta plain and alluvial Permian coals show thehigher liquid potential compared with upper delta plain facies. Initial liquid expulsion from the source rock occurred at vitrinite reflectance 0.65-0.7% and continued to Ro of 1.05%. This was followed by the main phase of gas generation between1.05c/o

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, petroleum geology, sedimentary basins
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network