AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Topographic Aspect Grid of Darwin Harbour

The topographic Aspect grid represents the angle of aspect of the seabed in the Darwin Harbour survey area. The Aspect grid was created from the bathymetry grid of Darwin Harbour obtained from the survey onboard the Matthew Flinders. Please see the Metadata of the bathymetry grid for details (GeoCat: 74915).

Tags: AU-NT, Bathymetry Grid, Marine Data, Marine Geoscience, Published_External, bathymetry, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
National Gravity Compilation 2019 (free air grid)

Gravity data measures small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
This National Gravity Compilation 2019 (free air grid) is a free air anomaly grid for the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series. This gravity survey was acquired under the project No. 202008. This gravity anomaly grid is derived from ground observations stored in the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as at September 2019, supplemented with offshore data sourced from v28.1 of the Global Gravity grid developed using data from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego. Out of the approximately 1.8 million gravity observations, nearly 1.4 million gravity stations in the ANGD were used to generate this grid. The ground gravity data used in this grid has been acquired by the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments, the mining and exploration industry, universities and research organisations from the 1940's to the present day. Station spacing varies from approximately 11 km down to less than 1 km, with major parts of the continent having station spacing between 2.5 and 7 km. The grid shows free air anomalies over Australia and its continental margins with a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). The data are given in units of um/s^2, also known as 'gravity units', or gu.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, free air, geophysical survey, geophysics, grav, gravity, grid, ground digital data, raster, survey 202008
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction off the Northwest Shelf 2014

Map showing Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction off the Northwest Shelf. Updated in June 2014 from "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction off the Northwest Shelf" (GeoCat 69341) to conform with "Australian Maritime Boundaries 2014" data by Geoscience Australia.
One of the 27 constituent maps of the "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction Map Series" (GeoCat 71789).
Depicting Australia's continental shelf  as proclaimed in the "Seas and Submerged Lands (Limits of Continental Shelf) Proclamation 2012" established under the "Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973".
Background bathymetric image is derived from a combination of the 2009 9 arc second bathymetric and topographic grid by GA and a grid by Smith and Sandwell, 1997. Background land imagery derived from Blue Marble, NASA's Earth Observatory.
A0 sized .pdf downloadable from the web.

Tags: AU-WA, Administrative Boundaries, Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Marine Jurisdiction, Published_External, Thematic Map, bathymetry, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
The Haines Structure: A Probable Eocene Complex Impact Structure in the Offshore Canning Basin, Western Australia

A seismic structure imaged in a single 2D seismic profile from the offshore Canning Basin, Western Australia, is interpreted to be a possible complex impact crater on the basis of its seismic character. The feature, herein referred to as the Haines Structure, is symmetrical in two dimensions over ~2.5 km and comprises a centrally uplifted basal surface, a depressed upper surface, a highly deformed intervening package and an overlying horizon that is `sagging' over the depression. The possible impact structure lies within carbonate units of Eocene or Early Oligocene age as determined from seismic correlation to petroleum exploration wells. The structure has not been drilled; therefore distinguishing characteristics used to define an impact origin, such as shock metamorphism, are not available. Comparison with other features in the Neogene succession of Australia's North West Shelf that have previously been interpreted as impact structures highlights the presence of key elements in the Haines Structure that characterise known complex impact craters, and the absence of seismic features related to alternative processes, such as a link to deeper structures that would be expected beneath a volcanic pipe.

Tags: AU-WA, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
3D Gravity Models of the Capel and Faust Basins, Lord Howe Rise

This report is part of a set delivered by Geoscience Australia on interpretation of data acquired during the summer of 2006/07 on seismic reflection, refraction and potential field survey GA-302. 

A 3D approach to the gravity modelling was necessitated by the irregular geological structure of depocentres and basement highs. Over 6000 m of sediment is interpreted in the deepest pockets.

The tools developed to realise the 3D gravity modelling are described in some detail. The gravity modelling process is also presented with a view to easing the integration of 3D mapping methods with a traditional reflection seismic interpretation workflow in the marine sedimentary basin environment.

Tags: 3D model, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geology, gravity, marine, marine survey, sedimentary basins
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Characterization of uranium redox state in organic-rich marine sediments of the Cretaceous Toolebuc Formation, Australia

Throughout geological history, marine organic-rich shales show variable but appreciable enrichment in uranium (U), &lt; 5 to &gt; 500 ppm. Here we report the results of high-energy resolution fluorescence detection (HERFD) x-ray absorption spectroscopy at U L3 and M4 edges to characterize U speciation in marine sediments.



We characterised U oxidation state in samples from the Cretaceous Toolebuc Formation of the Eromanga Basin, Australia. Nine samples were carbonaceous shales with high total organic carbon (TOC) content of 5.9 to 13.4 wt&nbsp;% and with low maturity organic matter. Two samples of coquinite were selected for comparison (TOC 0.3 and 2.4 wt %).



Our results suggest that a significant proportion of U in marine black shales (~20 to 30%) exists as U(VI) (Figures 1-2), despite the extremely reducing (anoxic to euxinic) conditions during sediment precipitation and diagenesis. Within individual samples, spot analyses indicate variation in the estimated oxidation state within a range of ~20% of U(VI). Uranium is unevenly distributed at mm to nanoscale. Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) reveals different associations that often coexist in single samples; nano-particulate uranium is associated with organic matter matrix or sulphide minerals, whereas phosphate minerals display diffuse uranium enrichment. The coquinite has a higher proportion of U(VI), consistent with the dysoxic depositional environment (Boreham and Powell, 1987).



The unexpectedly enhanced proportion of U(VI) relative to U(IV) within marine organic-rich shales implies that U might not be immediately fixed by reduction processes during sedimentation, but adsorbed by accumulating organic matter, at least in part as U(VI). This is consistent with the behaviour of uranium reported within the water column of the anoxic Black Sea (Anderson, 1989), experiments on U(VI) sorption by organic matter (e.g., Bhat et al., 2008), and previously documented redox state of U from continental organic-rich Eocene (56-34 Ma) sediments of paleochannel and lacustrine origin (Cumberland et al., 2018).



The results are significant for improving hydrocarbon exploration in known fields (covering the gap to a carbon-free economy without development of new greenfield oil provinces); economic geology (uranium, base-metal, and critical-metal deposits); and environmental management (evaluating potential mobilization of U by groundwaters).



This Abstract was submitted and presented to the 2023 Goldschmidt Conference Lyon, France (https://conf.goldschmidt.info/goldschmidt/2023/meetingapp.cgi)

Tags: EFTF – Exploring for the Future, Geochemistry, Geochemistry not elsewhere classified, Inorganic Geochemistry, Organic Geochemistry, Published_External, Unconventional Hydrocarbons, trace elements
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Southern Indian Ocean (MH370) Backscatter 30m 2017 (20170168C)

On behalf of Australia, the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) is leading search operations for missing Malaysian airlines flight MH370 in the Southern Indian Ocean. Geoscience Australia provided advice, expertise and support to the ATSB to facilitate bathymetric surveys, which were undertaken to provide a detailed map of the sea floor topography to aid navigation during the underwater search. Bathymetric and Backscatter data was acquired by multibeam sonar mounted on the hull of multiple vessels (GA survey reference: GA-4421, GA-4422 &amp; GA-4430). Bathymetric surveys were conducted from June 2014 to February 2017, collecting over 710,000 square kilometres of data in the search area and along transit lines (to and from the search area). 

This backscatter dataset allows exploration of the seafloor topography at a resolution of 30m across the search and transit areas of the Southern Indian Ocean. 

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Not to be used for navigational purposes

Tags: AusSeabed, Backscatter, EARTH SCIENCES, Marine, Published_External, Southern Ocean
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Lord Howe Rise Marine Seismic Survey 2016 (GA-0354/ KR1605) Bathymetry grids

This dataset contains bathymetry products from the Lord Howe Rise 2D Seismic Survey undertaken by Geoscience Australia (GA) and the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) during the period from 17 March to 16 May 2016 onboard the RV Kairei (Survey KR1605). The Lord Howe Rise (LHR) is a submerged plateau that extends from southwest New Caledonia to the west of New Zealand. Much of the LHR lies within the Australian marine jurisdiction at water depths of 1000-3000m. The Commonwealth conducted a scientific seismic survey over the Lord Howe Rise in 2016 in collaboration with JAMSTEC. This collaboration contributes to a larger research proposal submitted to the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) that would provide the first deep stratigraphic record for the Cretaceous Eastern Gondwana Margin. The IODP proposal, if funded, is to drill a deep stratigraphic well to a depth of 2-3 km below the seabed, possibly in 2020. In order to select the drill sites, GA and JAMSTEC are conducting site assessments that involve a seismic survey in 2016 and a geotechnical survey in 2017. Multibeam bathymetry data were acquired during the survey covering an area of 62,360 km2. Eight bathymetry grids of 50 to 80m resolution were produced using the shipborne 12 KHz sonar system.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, Bathymetry, Earth Sciences, HVC_144641, Multibeam, Published_External, coral sea, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR grid

Gravity data measure small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR grid is produced from the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series. These gravity data were acquired under the project No. 202008. The grid has a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). The data are given in units of um/s^2, also known as 'gravity units', or gu. The data are derived from ground observations stored in the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as at September 2019, supplemented by offshore data sourced from v28.1 of the Global Gravity grid developed using data from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego. Out of the approximately 1.8 million gravity observations, nearly 1.4 million gravity stations in the ANGD together with marine data were used to generate this grid. The ground gravity data used in this grid has been acquired by the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments, the mining and exploration industry, universities and research organisations from the 1940's to the present day. Station spacing for ground observations varies from approximately 11 km down to less than 1 km, with major parts of the continent having station spacing between 2.5 and 7 km. The grid shows de-trended global isostatic residual anomalies (A series) over Australia and its continental margins. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR grid (DGIR) was obtained by subtracting 3 quantities (i.e., the near-field isostatic correction, the far-field isostatic correction, and a first order trend correction) from Complete Bouguer Anomaly data (CBA) of the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series.

Tags: A series, Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, de-trended, geophysical survey, geophysics, grav, gravity, grid, ground digital data, isostatic, marine data, raster, residual, satellite data, survey 202008
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Geology of Williambury and Moogooree one mile map areas

The stratigraphy and structure of an area in the Carnarvon sedimentary basin covered by the Williambury and Moogooree one mile sheets, is described. Resting unconformably on a Pre-Cambrian basement of schists gneisses and granites, are Devonian marine sediments 4750 feet thick, followed conformably by Carboniferous approximately 2150 feet thick; these are separated from the overlying Permian more than 8000 feet thick, by a possible hiatus. The Cretaceous System is represented by about 40 feet of siltstone lying unconformably on the Palaeozoic rocks. Marine Tertiary arenaceous deposits are widespread and have a maximum thickness of 80 feet; they are not seen in contact with the Cretaceous rocks. The whole area has been subjected, in Tertiary time, to lateritisation, the most prominent feature of which is the presence of a silicified cap ranging in thickness from a few feet to 30 feet. In one place a post-laterite deposit of 12 feet of probably fresh-water limestone has been observed. An account is given of the structural geology, geological history, and physiography of the region.

Tags: AU-WA, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geology, stratigraphy, structural geology
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Videos and images from SOL4934 (Joseph Bonaparte Gulf)

The Joseph Bonaparte Gulf survey (SOL4934, GA survey #0322) was conducted on the R.V. Solander between 27 August and 24 September 2009 in collaboration with staff from the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) and the Northern Territory Government. The survey was completed under a Memorandum of Understanding between GA and the AIMS and represents the second of three surveys planned under this agreement. The survey obtained detailed geological (sedimentological, geochemical, geophysical) and biological data for the banks, channels and plains to establish the late-Quaternary evolution of the region and investigate relationships between the physical environment and associated biota for biodiversity prediction. Underwater video footage and still images were collected from 46 stations, although quality varies among transects and some still images were not of suitable quality for analysis. In addition, shipboard photographs were taken of barcoded biological specimens. Video and image files or associated parent folders are named according to station number, followed by gear code (TV or CAM = same underwater camera system) and then the deployment number. For example 48CAM35 represents a video transect from Station 48 that was the 35th video transect on the survey.

Tags: Earth Sciences, HVC_144640, Multimedia, Published_External, geochemistry, geophysics, marine, sedimentology
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Understanding Australia's High Purity Silica Potential, A Global Mineral Systems Review

High-purity silica (HPS) is an integral component in technology such as semiconductors and solar photovoltaic cells. It is sourced from a limited number of locations around the world, with only one operational mine in Australia producing metallurgical grade silica (&gt;98% SiO2). Globally, HPS is found in a wide range of geological settings, with known deposits being relatively sparse. This presents a challenge for future exploration efforts, as the conditions that produce HPS are not well understood.

The report discusses various components of silica mineral systems and their prospectivity for HPS using the mineral systems framework. This framework defines the criteria necessary to produce silica. Five components are evaluated: 1) the sources of metals, fluids and ligands, 2) energy sources and fluid flow drivers, 3) fluid-flow pathways and architecture, 4) ore depositional gradients/traps and 5) preservation. The main criteria identified for these components include (1) pegmatites, granites, cherts and turbidites as potential silica sources; (2) granites, partial melting, convergent margins and the fluid pressure gradients triggered by resulting metamorphism as potential energy sources; (3) deep marine basins, shear zones/highly fractured or faulted crust, and competency contrasts as fluid-flow pathways and architecture; (4) deformation partitioning, contact aureoles and occurrences of known mineral associations as evidence of ore depositional gradients; and (5) source outcrop occurs at or near-surface to demonstrate preservation through uplift and erosion preferentially preserving the quartz-rich lithologies in economically viable conditions. In reviewing the components of HPS mineral systems, this report has identified key criteria that are present across a range of silica mineral systems. Greenschist to amphibolite metamorphic facies, and the presence of granitic plutons, appear to be a favourable criterion across a range of HPS targets.

In defining the criteria that govern the formation and emplacement of HPS, this report aims to equip mineral explorers with the mineral systems knowledge needed to motivate and de-risk exploration for HPS in Australia. This information is compiled to act as a foundation for future mineral potential assessments, with the goal of helping to identify new HPS targets in Australia. Integrating the various silica mineral systems into a single framework will create a tool for mineral explorers to effectively identify, discover and define HPS targets, leading to the diversification of silicon supply chains in Australia. This work is undertaken as part of the Australian Critical Minerals Research and Development Hub.

Tags: Australian Critical Minerals Research and Development Hub, Geology, Geoscience Australia, High Purity Quartz, High Purity Silica, Mineral Systems, Resource geoscience, critical minerals, silicon
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
The Proterozoic and Palaeozoic rocks of The Granites-Tanami region, Western Australia and Northern Territory, and interregional correlations

The Granites-Tanami region links the mainly Proterozoic areas of northwestern and central Australia. It is made up of two main tectonic units: The Granites-Tanami Block, which consists of metasediments and metavolcanics of the Lower Proterozoic Tanami Complex, younger Lower Proterozoic sedimentary and acid volcanic rocks, and 1820-1710 m.y. old granites; and the Birrindudu Basin, which contains the mainly clastic sedimentary rocks of the Carpentarian Birrindudu Group, dated at about 1560 m.y., and the Adelaidean Redcliff Pound Group, which was probably deposited less than 1000 m.y. ago, and their possible stratigraphic equivalents. The Proterozoic rocks are overlain by Early Cambrian Antrim Plateau Volcanics and younger Palaeozoic non-marine sediments. Five major phases of tectonic activity, ranging in age from Lower Proterozoic (1960 m.y.) to early Carboniferous (Alice Springs Orogeny), can be recognised. The Proterozoic and Palaeozoic rocks are correlated with similar rocks in the Kimberley region to the northwest, the Victoria River region to the north, the Arunta Block and Amadeus Basin to the south, the Tennant Creek region to the east, and the Canning Basin to the west. The best substantiated correlations are the Tanami Complex with the Halls Creek Group of the Kimberley region, and the Redcliff Pound Group with the Heavitree Quartzite and Bitter Springs Formation of the Amadeus Basin. The latter correlation indicates that when these units were deposited the Birrindudu and Amadeus Basins were interconnected.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, NT, Published_External, WA
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Gravity, Magnetic and Bathymetry Grids from Levelled Data for Southwest Australia : Great Australian Bight

The Australian Geological Survey Organistaion (AGSO) has produced a set of digital bathymetry, gravity and magnetic grids for the southwest quadrant of Australia (24 - 46S, 106-140E), using all available land, marine and satellite data. The work was done in cooperation with Desmond Fitzgerald &amp; Associates (DFA), and with significant bathymetric data input from the Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO). The results were obtained by performing a network adjustment on marine ship-track data, and combining these with onshore and satellite-derived data.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, bathymetry, geophysics, gravity, magnetics, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network