AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Hydrogeochemistry of the Curnamona and Mundi region

Output Type: Exploring for the Future Extended Abstract

Short Abstract: Groundwater geochemistry is an important and often under-appreciated medium to understand geology below surface and is a valuable tool as part of a regional mineral exploration program. This study presents an assessment of hydrogeochemical results from the Curnamona and Mundi region with respect to their insights into mineral prospectivity and characterisation of groundwater baselines. The work is a collaboration with the Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre (MinEx CRC), the Geological Survey of New South Wales and the Geological Survey of South Australia as part of Geoscience Australia’s Exploring for the Future program. It combines new and legacy groundwater chemistry from 297 samples to identify multiple elevated multi-element anomalies (Ag, Pb, Cd) and signatures of sulfide mineralisation (d34S and sulfur excess), which are interpreted as potential features from subsurface Broken Hill Type mineralisation (Pb-Zn-Ag). Additional multi-element anomalies (Cu, Mo, Co, Au) may be attributable to Cu-Au, Cu-Mo and Au mineralisation. We then apply hierarchical cluster analysis to understand sample hydrostratigraphy and characterise robust hydrogeochemical baselines for the major aquifer systems in the region. This reveals that the majority of anomalies are restricted to groundwaters derived from basement fractured rock aquifer systems, with a couple anomalies observed in the Lake Eyre Basin cover, which helps narrow the search-space for future groundwater-based mineral exploration in this region (to prioritise these aquifers and anomalies). In addition, we demonstrate the capability of these local hydrogeochemical baselines to support more sensitive resolution of hydrogeochemical anomalies relating to mineralisation, as well as reveal hydrogeological processes such as mixing.

Citation: Reid, N., Schroder, I., Thorne, R., Folkes, C., Hore, S., Eastlake, M., Petts, A., Evans, T., Fabris, A., Pinchand, T., Henne A., & Palombi, B.R., 2024. Hydrogeochemistry of the Curnamona and Mundi region. In: Czarnota, K. (ed.) Exploring for the Future: Extended Abstracts. Geoscience Australia, Canberra. https://doi.org/10.26186/149509

Tags: Curnamona Province, Darling-Curnamona-Delamerian, EFTF – Exploring for the Future, Eromanga Basin, Exploration geochemistry, Lake Eyre Basin, MinEx CRC – Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre, Mineral exploration, Published_External, geochemical indices, groundwater, hierarchical clustering, hydrogeochemistry, hydrostratigraphy, sulfur isotope
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) Grid of Australia 2019 - seventh edition - 80 m cell size

Total magnetic intensity (TMI) data measures variations in the intensity of the Earth magnetic field caused by the contrasting content of rock-forming minerals in the Earth crust. Magnetic anomalies can be either positive (field stronger than normal) or negative (field weaker) depending on the susceptibility of the rock.
The 2019 Total magnetic Intensity (TMI) grid of Australia has a grid cell size of ~3 seconds of arc (approximately 80 m). This grid only includes airborne-derived TMI data for onshore and near-offshore continental areas.
Since the sixth edition was released in 2015, data from 234 new surveys have been added to the database, acquired mainly by the State and Territory Geological Surveys. The new grid was derived from a re-levelling of the national magnetic grid database. The survey grids were levelled to each other, and to the Australia Wide Airborne Geophysical Survey (AWAGS), which serves as a baseline to constrain long wavelengths in the final grid. It is estimated that 33 500 000 line-kilometres of survey data were acquired to produce the 2019 grid data, about 2 000 000 line-kilometres more than for the previous edition.

Tags: 2019, Australia, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, HVC_144635, NCI, Published_External, TMI, Total Magnetic Intensity, airborne digital data, geophysical survey, geophysics, grid, magnetics, magnetism and palaeomagnetism, national geophysical compilation
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geology of the Katherine-Darwin region, Northern Territory

The Katherine-Darwin Region occupies about 40,000 square miles in the northern part of the Northern Territory. It is centred on the Lower Proterozoic Pine Creek Geosyncline, but also contains outcrops of other Precambrian and Lower Palaeozoic rocks; Permian, Cretaceous, and Cainozoic cover-rocks occupy a large area of outcrop. Gold and tin mining started in the 1870's, and contributed to a rapid development of the region until the early 1900's, when mining activity declined. The main industry in the region was cattle-raising until after World War II, when uranium and copper were discovered at Rum Jungle and in the South Alligator River area. Between 1953 and 1958 geologists of the Bureau of Mineral Resources carried out a geological survey of the region; this Bulletin presents a general appraisal of the information obtained during the survey.

Tags: AU-NT, Bulletin, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Ardmore 1:100 000 unpublished topographic map

At this scale 1cm on the map represents 1km on the ground. Each map covers a minimum area of 0.5 degrees longitude by 0.5 degrees latitude or about 54 kilometres by 54 kilometres. The contour interval is 20 metres.

Tags: 100K unpublished, AU-QLD, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AUSGeoid98 v.1.0 data files: Oodnadatta (sg53-15)

AUSGeoid98 data files contain a 2 minute grid of AUSGeoid98 data covering the Australian region, which you can use to interpolate geoid-ellipsoid separations for the positions required.You can use your own interpolation software, or you can use Geoscience Australia's Windows Interpolation software (Winter). The data files are text files in a standard format that cover the same area as standard topographic map areas. Files covering both 1:250,000 (approximately 100 x 150 km) and 1:1,000,000 (approximately 400 x 600 km) map areas are available. There is a 4 minute overlap on all sides of each area. Data format: AUSGeoid98 data files have a header record at the start of each file, to distinguish them from the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files. AUSGeoid98 data files show the geoid-ellipsoid separation to 3 decimal places, while the superseded AUSGeoid93 data files showed only 2 decimal places. AUSGeoid98 deflections of the vertical were computed from the geoid-ellipsoid separation surface, while the AUSGeoid93 deflections of the vertical were computed from OSU91A.

Tags: AU, AUSGeoid98, Geodesy, Geodetic Data, Published_External, dataset, geodesy
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Daly, NT, 1979 (P1102), radiometric line data, AWAGS levelled

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
 This Daly, NT, 1979 (P1102), radiometric line data, AWAGS levelled were acquired in 1979 by the NT Government, and consisted of 31521 line-kilometres of data at 300m line spacing and 80m terrain clearance. To constrain long wavelengths in the data, an independent data set, the Australia-wide Airborne Geophysical Survey (AWAGS) airborne magnetic data, was used to control the base levels of the survey data. This survey data is essentially levelled to AWAGS.

Tags: AWAGS, Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NASVD, NT, Published_External, airborne digital data, gamma-ray, geophysical survey, geophysics, line, potassium, radiometrics, spectrometry, survey 1102, thorium, uranium, vector
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Muntharra 1:50 000 topographic map

Product Specifications Coverage: Partial coverage, predominantly in northern Australia, along major transport routes, and other selected areas. About 1000 maps have been published to date. Currency: Ranges from 1968 to 2006. Coordinates: Geographical and UTM. Datum: AGD66, new edition WGS84; AHD. Projection: Universal Transverse Mercator UTM. Medium: Paper, flat copies only.

Tags: 50K scale, AU-WA, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology, topography
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Carnarvon Shelf Survey Post-Cruise Report

This report provides a description of the CERF Marine Biodiversity Hub's survey of the Carnarvon Shelf, Western Australia, in August and September, 2008. The survey was a collaboration between the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) and Geoscience Australia (GA) aboard RV Solander, as part of the Hub's Surrogates Program. The purpose of field surveys in the Surrogates Program is to collect high-quality, accurately co-located data to enable the robust testing of a range of physical parameters as surrogates of patterns of benthic biodiversity in strategically selected, spatially discrete areas that are representative of much broader benthic environments. 
The report describes the methods employed in the survey and the datasets collected. Additional processing of most of the physical data (wave and current measurements, multibeam sonar bathymetry and backscatter, sediment grab samples, acoustic sediment profiles) and biological data (towed underwater video and stills photography, bottom sediment samples, near-bottom plankton samples) collected is required before comparative analysis between the data sets can commence. However, a number of initial interpretations of the physical data have been made and examples of the types of biota encountered in the towed video and stills photography and initial interpretations of the benthic communities encountered, are provided. The survey was focussed on three strategically selected study areas on the southern Carnarvon Shelf at Mandu, Point Cloates and Gnaraloo. A small additional area was also examined near the Muiron Islands, in the mouth of Exmouth Gulf, at the end of the survey.

Tags: AU-WA, CERF, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, bathymetry, coasts, habitat, marine, seabed, sedimentology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Hydrocarbon Prospectivity of the Offshore South Perth Basin

From 9 July to 4 August and 15 September to 14 October 1988, the BMRresearch vessel Rig Seismic conducted two cruises in the region of theSouth Perth Basin (Plate 1). The aims and objectives of the cruise were:
(1) to develop an updated structural and stratigraphic frameworkfor the Perth Basin.
(2) to collect a regional seismic grid to tie industry wells andprevious seismic surveys, in order to produce a comprehensiveassessment of the hydrocarbon potential of the South PerthBasin.
(3) sample the continental slope for stratigraphic control, sourcerock potential and palaeoceanography.
(4) develop models of basin evolution, particularly for small,deep sub-basins (e.g. Vlaming Sub-basin).

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, marine, petroleum exploration, petroleum geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
North Central Tasmania ppm thorium grid geodetic

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
This radiometric thorium grid has a cell size of 0.00042 degrees (approximately 40m) and shows thorium element concentration of the North Central Tasmania, Tas, 1999 in units of parts per million (or ppm). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 1999 by the TAS Government, and consisted of 39404 line-kilometres of data at 200m line spacing and 80m terrain clearance.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NASVD, NCI, Published_External, TAS, Th, airborne digital data, gamma-ray, geophysical survey, geophysics, grid, rad, radiometrics, raster, spectrometry, survey 699, thorium
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
GSWA Menzies South Thorium Grid Geodetic

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
This radiometric thorium grid has a cell size of 0.00021 degrees (approximately 22m) and shows thorium element concentration of the Menzies South, WA, 2013 in units of parts per million (or ppm). The data used to produce this grid was acquired in 2013 by the WA Government, and consisted of 93645 line-kilometres of data at 100m line spacing and 50m terrain clearance.

Tags: Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NASVD, NCI, Published_External, Th, WA, airborne digital data, gamma-ray, geophysical survey, geophysics, grid, rad, radiometrics, raster, spectrometry, survey 1262, thorium
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Newcastle 1:250 000, R502 historical topographic map

The R502 series of maps has been replaced by the National Topographic Map Series (NTMS). The R502 series consists of 542 map sheets and covers Australia at a scale of 1:250,000. It was compiled from aerial photography, but only about one quarter of the series was contoured. The standard sheet size is 1 degree of latitude by 1.5 degrees of longitude. Transverse Mercator map projection and Clark 1858 datum were used. Coverage of the country was completed in 1968.

Tags: 250K scale, AU_NSW, Published_External, Topographic Map, Topology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Murrumbateman, NSW, 2010 Detailed Airborne Survey (P1253), radiometric line data, AWAGS levelled

The radiometric, or gamma-ray spectrometric method, measures the natural variations in the gamma-rays detected near the Earth's surface as the result of the natural radioactive decay of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose.
 This Murrumbateman, NSW, 2010 Detailed Airborne Survey (P1253), radiometric line data, AWAGS levelled were acquired in 2010 by the NSW Government, and consisted of 1339 line-kilometres of data at 125m line spacing and 60m terrain clearance. To constrain long wavelengths in the data, an independent data set, the Australia-wide Airborne Geophysical Survey (AWAGS) airborne magnetic data, was used to control the base levels of the survey data. This survey data is essentially levelled to AWAGS.

Tags: AWAGS, Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NASVD, NSW, Published_External, airborne digital data, gamma-ray, geophysical survey, geophysics, line, potassium, radiometrics, spectrometry, survey 1253, thorium, uranium, vector
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Empowering Antarctic Science, A New Era of Satellite Data Accessibility

The need for monitoring and understanding change across Antarctica has never been greater with rapid changes in sea ice, ice sheets and the oceans now observed and forecast to increase over coming decades. These changes have far-reaching consequences for Australian and global climate, sea level rise, ocean processes and unique ecosystems. Continued satellite monitoring, and the development of infrastructure that ensures data discovery and analysis, is critical for supporting the science and analytical tools that will underpin robust decision making to mitigate and adapt to the impacts of changing climate.&nbsp;

Digital Earth Antarctica is an exciting new platform being developed by Geoscience Australia, funded through a new Australian government commitment to support Earth Observations into the future. The platform will address the challenges of Antarctic Earth Observations by providing free and easy access to corrected, continental-scale satellite data for Antarctica and its surrounding areas of sea ice. Time-series data that has been corrected and validated for Antarctic conditions will be openly accessible to users for the first time, unlocking a vast resource of data spanning decades. Until now, the ability to observe Antarctica systematically at a continental scale has been constrained by difficulties accessing, storing and pre-processing satellite imagery to suit Antarctic conditions. The corrections that are applied to satellite data in other regions and in existing global products result in poor data quality when applied to Antarctica. By implementing novel processing techniques tailored to Antarctic conditions, we will significantly improve the quality of surface reflectance data from Landsat and Sentinel-2. &nbsp;&nbsp;

The sustained winter darkness and extensive periods of cloud cover over Antarctica restrict the use of optical data. Synthetic aperture radar data is therefore critical for year-round monitoring of the ice sheet and surrounding areas of sea ice. We will be providing the first Antarctic continental scale products from Sentinel-1 for both backscatter and interferometric data to monitor surface change and displacement.&nbsp;&nbsp;We are currently working with researchers who are applying our processed data to map the distribution of stationary sea ice (‘fast ice’) that is attached to the land, icebergs or the seafloor around the Antarctic continent, providing new understanding of this vital habitat.

This presentation will provide an overview of Digital Earth Antarctica and its potential to transform our understanding of Antarctic systems. By empowering researchers and policymakers with enhanced access to high-quality data, we can better anticipate and mitigate the impacts of climate change on Australia and the global community.

Abstract prepared for the 2025 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 3 - 8 August 2025, Brisbane, Australia.

Tags: Antarctica, Digital Earth Antarctica, Earth Observations, Glaciology, Published_External, analysis ready data
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Measuring the degree of contamination of samples during grinding

A presentation given at the Australian X-Ray Analytical Association conference in Fremantle held 14-18 February 2005.
Geoscience Australia recently conducted a series of tests on ring mills commonly used for sample preparation of geological materials. Ring mills of five different compositions (tungsten carbide, chrome steel, carbon steel, partially-stabilised zirconia and syalon) were tested to determine qualitative and quantitative contamination imparted to samples ground in them.

Tags: Conference Paper, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, geochemistry
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Mapping basement through deep conductive cover by audio and broadband magnetotellurics

Over the last decade there has been an exponential growth in MT data acquisition over the Australian Continent through collaboration between Geoscience Australia, state and territory governments and academics. This data is resulting in a step change in our understanding of the lithosphere and basin architecture.
Abstract submitted/presented at 2017 Target Conference (https://www.aig.org.au/events/target-2017/)

Tags: Audio frequency Magnetotellurics - AMT, Australian Lithospheric Architecture Magnetotelluric Project - AusLAMP, Broadband Magnetotellurics - BBMT, EARTH SCIENCES, Magnetotellurics - MT, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Report on the sounding of Prion Lake, Macquarie Island, March 1953

Prion Lake on the plateau of Macquarie Island, is believed to be a result of the action of an ice-sheet moving over the surface of the land. It should, by the shape of its basin, indicate the direction of movement of the ice-sheet in this region. Elsewhere on the island there are several indications that the general movement was from the south-south-west but it has been suggested that near Prion Lake the movement was nearly at right angles to this. More recently this has been doubted and it was felt necessary to determine the shape of the lake's basin by soundings.

Tags: AQ, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Earth's evolution and mineral resources, with particular emphasis on volcanic-hosted massive sulphide deposits and banded iron formations

From 3.5 Ga the overall uniformity of the composition and character of sedimentary and mantle- and crustal-derived igneous rocks, and the persistence of ore types related to convergent continental margins (e.g. volcanic-hosted massive sulphide, porphyry Cu-Mo, Sn-W and lode Au), indicates continuity of tectonic processes broadly similar to the present. Secular variations in abundance of these ores reflect tectonic cycles having periods of perhaps several hundred million years, but other ores reflect long-term changes in tectonic style and the composition of the ocean and atmosphere.  Thus the development of extensive continental margins and depositional basins from about 3.0 Ga heralded development of giant Au-U conglomerate and banded iron formation deposits, with at least the former suppressed in the Palaeoproterozoic as a result of increased atmospheric PO2. Aggregation of large continents and the development of extensive basins allowed formation of giant Cu-Co, Pb-Zn and U-platinum group elements-Au ores from about 2.0 Ga. There is no firm evidence that mantle heterogeneity has contributed to ore distribution, nor that Archaean crust or mantle was anomalously enriched in Au or platinum group elements.  Mineralogical and isotopic data from volcanic-hosted massive sulphide deposits support the hypothesis that there was abundant sulphate in deep oceans from 3.5 Ga, and the lack of Pb and barite in Late Archaean ores may be related to the mafic-rich composition of the local shallow crust, steep thermal gradients, anoxic, sulphate basin waters or the compositions of particular magma types. Both the ocean margin (Holland 1973) and the hydrothermal plume/gravity current models for the origin of banded iron formations are broadly compatible with their composition, secular distribution and timing with respect to glaciation, ocean anoxia and tectonic activity.  In the gravity current model the possible impact of the hydrothermal activity on climate warrants further investigation.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data