AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Middle Ordovician Conodonts and Fish from the Stairway Sandstone, Amadeus basin

The Middle Ordovician Stairway Sandstone consists of a succession of siliciclastic shallow marine sediments, stratigraphically positioned between the dark organic-rich siltstones of the Horn Valley Siltstone, and the regressive siltstones and shales of the overlying Stokes Siltstone, in the Amadeus Basin. The Stairway Sandstone is notable for containing early arandaspid fish fossils, and is a prospective reservoir for Larapinta Petroleum System hydrocarbons.  The unit has not been directly dated, but a field sample from the uppermost Stairway Sandstone has yielded an abundant and well-preserved fauna, including micro-vertebrate and conodont fossils that enable correlation to high resolution international conodont biozonation schemes.

Tags: Amadeus Basin, Conodont, Earth Sciences, Ordovician, Published_External, Stairway Sandstone
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction around the State of Tasmania

Map showing Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction around the State of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island.  Based on Mercator Projection.
One of the 27 constituent maps of the "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction Map Series" (GeoCat 71789).
Depicting Australia's extended continental shelf, approved by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in April 2008, treaties and various maritime zones.  Background bathymetric image is derived from a combination of the 2009 9 arc second bathymetric and topographic grid by GA and a grid by Smith and Sandwell, 1997.
A0 sized portrait format .pdf downloadable from the web.

Tags: AU-TAS, Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Thematic Map, administrative boundaries, bathymetry, continental shelf, marine, marine jurisdiction
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
The crustal structure of the Gulf of Papua and northwest Coral Sea

Interpretation of seismic refraction data from the southwestern coast of the Papuan Peninsula and the northwest Coral Sea gives consistent results using several inversion techniques. Sediments over the Papuan Plateau are 5 km thick; to the west and northwest they thicken to 10 km along the axes of the Moresby and southern Aure Troughs. Farther out into the Coral Sea, over the Eastern Plateau, they are 1 to 2 km thick. Beneath the sediments, a layer with a P-wave velocity of 6.07 km s^-1 was inferred over the region. It is underlain along the southern coastline of the peninsula by a lower crustal layer with a velocity of 6.9 km s^-1, which is probably also present under the Eastern Plateau. We cannot say whether the lower crustal layer also occurs offshore under the Moresby Trough, but it is not present under the Aure Trough in the north. Intervals where the velocity increases with depth are likely in the lower crust (&gt; 17 km) under the peninsula, but we have insufficient data to say if they are present offshore. The Moho is 27 to 29 km deep along the southwestern coast of the peninsula. It shallows to 19 km under the Moresby Trough and deepens to 25 km under the Eastern Plateau. The crust is therefore continental under the Papuan Peninsula and Eastern Plateau and, excluding the sediments, oceanic under the Moresby Trough. We have examined several tectonic models for the region that imply different stress patterns at the time of formation of the Moresby Trough. We favour one in which northern Australia, the Eastern and Papuan Plateaus and the Papuan Peninsula once formed a continuous, continental crust. With the opening of the Coral Sea Basin, crustal thinning extended northwards along the axis of the Moresby Trough, probably into the Aure Trough. This model implies a regional tensional stress pattern at the time of formation.

Tags: AUS, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, PNG, Published_External, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Small Angle Neutron Scattering Signature of Oil Generation in Artificially and Naturally Matured Hydrocarbon Source Rocks

We have demonstrated for the first time the application of a small angle neutron scattering (SANS) technique for the precise determination of the onset of hydrocarbon transport (primary migration) in shaly source rocks. We used a sequence of rocks pyrolysed in the laboratory under nitrogen at temperatures in the range 310-370Â°C. These rocks contained several percent of dispersed marine Type II organic matter. Geochemical analysis indicated a peak of the hydrocarbon generation in the middle of the temperature range (at 340Â°C). We observed a sharp decrease of SANS intensity in a narrow maturity range within the geochemically determined region of the onset of hydrocarbon generation. This decrease was a direct consequence of the SANS contrast variation caused by the invasion of the pore space by bitumen during the primary migration of hydrocarbons. A similar phenomenon was observed for a natural maturity sequence of source rocks originating from the same location.

Tags: Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, geochemistry, organic geochemistry
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Basement Architecture and Formation of an Ocean-continent Transform Boundary off Western Tasmania: Insights from Aeromagnetic and Seismic Reflection Data Collected from a Frontier Petroleum Province

Basement architecture off western Tasmania is a legacy of late Neoproterozoic-Cambrian subduction-related processes, ocean basin closure and multiple accretionary events, culminating in formation of the Delamerian-Ross and western Lachlan orogens. Structures associated with these fold belts were subsequently reactivated during late Mesozoic-Cenozoic Gondwana breakup and the separation of Australia from Antarctica, strongly influencing the pattern and geometry of offshore rifting, including formation of an ocean-continent transform boundary off western Tasmania. Seismic reflection profiles combined with recently acquired high resolution aeromagnetic data permit this boundary and its associated reactivated basement structures (Avoca-Sorell fault system) to be mapped in greater detail than has hitherto been possible and point to a transform margin dominated by steeply outward-dipping structures and deep sedimentary basins similar to other transform margin ocean-continent boundaries, including the highly prospective CÃ´te d'Ivore-Ghana region off the west African coast. Basement highs and rotated pre-rift crustal blocks adjacent to the west Tasmanian transform margin incorporate significant volumes of granite as well as a lower crust of probable Mesoproterozoic age that is locally juxtaposed against lower Paleozoic sequences intruded and/or floored by basaltic and ultramafic material. Aeromagnetic anomalies sourced from these basement rocks change orientation from NW- to NE-trending across the Avoca-Sorell fault system and can be traced laterally into regions of known onshore basement geology, highlighting both the tectonic significance of this structure and its origins during lower Paleozoic deformation accompanying the Delamerian-Ross orogeny.

Tags: AU-TAS, Abstract, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, continental margins, marine, petroleum exploration, plate tectonics, sedimentary basins
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Merri Marine Sanctuary Bathymetry 2014 (4889/20140011S)

The Merri Marine Sanctuary bathymetry survey was acquired by Deakin University Marine Mapping lab onboard the Motor Vessel Yolla over four days in 2014 (10/03, 11/03, 30/03, 01/04) using a Kongsberg EM2040c. These data were collected as part of a Parks Victoria project to map the seafloor inside the marine sanctuary and in several locations outside to help associate southern rock lobster with seafloor habitats.

Not to be used for navigational purposes

Tags: AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, Bass Strait (Great Australian Bight), Bathymetry, EARTH SCIENCES, Great Australian Bight, MV Yolla, Marine, Offshore Mapping, Published_External, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, multi-beam echosounders
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Carnarvon Shelf Survey Post-Cruise Report

This report provides a description of the CERF Marine Biodiversity Hub's survey of the Carnarvon Shelf, Western Australia, in August and September, 2008. The survey was a collaboration between the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) and Geoscience Australia (GA) aboard RV Solander, as part of the Hub's Surrogates Program. The purpose of field surveys in the Surrogates Program is to collect high-quality, accurately co-located data to enable the robust testing of a range of physical parameters as surrogates of patterns of benthic biodiversity in strategically selected, spatially discrete areas that are representative of much broader benthic environments. 

The report describes the methods employed in the survey and the datasets collected. Additional processing of most of the physical data (wave and current measurements, multibeam sonar bathymetry and backscatter, sediment grab samples, acoustic sediment profiles) and biological data (towed underwater video and stills photography, bottom sediment samples, near-bottom plankton samples) collected is required before comparative analysis between the data sets can commence. However, a number of initial interpretations of the physical data have been made and examples of the types of biota encountered in the towed video and stills photography and initial interpretations of the benthic communities encountered, are provided. The survey was focussed on three strategically selected study areas on the southern Carnarvon Shelf at Mandu, Point Cloates and Gnaraloo. A small additional area was also examined near the Muiron Islands, in the mouth of Exmouth Gulf, at the end of the survey.

Tags: AU-WA, CERF, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, bathymetry, coasts, habitat, marine, seabed, sedimentology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geology of Williambury and Moogooree one mile map areas

The stratigraphy and structure of an area in the Carnarvon sedimentary basin covered by the Williambury and Moogooree one mile sheets, is described. Resting unconformably on a Pre-Cambrian basement of schists gneisses and granites, are Devonian marine sediments 4750 feet thick, followed conformably by Carboniferous approximately 2150 feet thick; these are separated from the overlying Permian more than 8000 feet thick, by a possible hiatus. The Cretaceous System is represented by about 40 feet of siltstone lying unconformably on the Palaeozoic rocks. Marine Tertiary arenaceous deposits are widespread and have a maximum thickness of 80 feet; they are not seen in contact with the Cretaceous rocks. The whole area has been subjected, in Tertiary time, to lateritisation, the most prominent feature of which is the presence of a silicified cap ranging in thickness from a few feet to 30 feet. In one place a post-laterite deposit of 12 feet of probably fresh-water limestone has been observed. An account is given of the structural geology, geological history, and physiography of the region.

Tags: AU-WA, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, geology, stratigraphy, structural geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
SI 1049 Cape Fourcroy (North-West) (HIPP SI 1049) Bathymetry 2024 (20240007S)

The Cape Fourcroy (North-West) bathymetry survey was acquired for the Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO) during the period 3 Jun 2024 – 29 Sep 2024. This is a contracted survey conducted for the Australian Hydrographic Office by Guardian Geomatics as part of the Hydroscheme Industry Partnership Program. The survey area is Cape Fourcroy (North-West), Northern Territory.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Not to be used for navigational purposes

Tags: Arafura Sea (East Indian Archipelago), AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, Bathymetry, EARTH SCIENCES, MV Offshore Surveyor, Marine, Offshore Mapping, Published_External, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, Timor Sea (East Indian Archipelago), multi-beam echosounders
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
SI 1021 Approaches to Morton Bay (HIPP) Bathymetry Acquisition (20230018S)

The Approaches to Moreton Bay bathymetry survey was acquired for the Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO) during the period 3 Sept 2023 – 16 Dec 2023. This was a contracted survey conducted for the Australian Hydrographic Office by Fugro Australia as part of the Hydroscheme Industry Partnership Program. Bathymetry data was acquired using a Kongsberg EM2040P, and processed using CARIS HIPS and SIPS software. The dataset was then exported as a 30m resolution, 32-bit floating point GeoTIFF grid of the survey area.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, Bathymetry, Bathymetry/Seafloor, EARTH SCIENCES, HVC_144641, Marine, Offshore Mapping, Pacific Conquest, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, Topography, bathymetric grids, multibeam
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
SI 1016 North-East Beagle Gulf and Clarence Strait, Beagle Gulf, NT (HIPP) Bathymetry Acquisition (20210015S)

The North-East Beagle Gulf and Clarence Strait bathymetry survey was acquired for the Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO) onboard the MV Offshore Guardian during the period 1 May 2021 – 13 Jul 2021. This was a contracted survey conducted for the Australian Hydrographic Office by Guardian Geomatics as part of the Hydroscheme Industry Partnership Program. The survey area encompases an area in North-East Beagle Gulf and Clarence Strait, Northern Territory. Bathymetry data was acquired using a Kongsberg EM2040 07 MK II, and processed using Caris Hips &amp; Sips processing software. The dataset was then exported as a 30m resolution, 32 bit floating point GeoTIFF grid of the survey area.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, Earth Science | Oceans | Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography | Bathymetry, Earth Sciences, HVC_144641, Oceans, Published External, Published_External, bathymetric grids, bathymetry, multibeam
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
National Base Map - without labels WMTS

The National Base Map - without labels service provides seamless topographic colour mapping for the whole of Australia, including the outer islands of Norfolk, Lord Howe &amp; Macquarie Islands, the external territories of Cocos (Keeling), Christmas, Heard and McDonald Islands and the Australian Antarctic Territory. The service consists of data sourced from Geoscience Australia, Australian Antarctic Division &amp; OpenStreetMap. The data for Christmas Island has been sourced from the Christmas Island Edition 1 NATMAP Topographic Mapping dataset (1:30,000 scale). The data for Cocos (Keeling) Islands has been sourced from the Cocos (Keeling) Islands Edition 1 NATMAP Topographic Mapping dataset (1:25,000 scale). Vegetaion for the the Australian continent is an aggregated layer from ACLUMP (Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program). The topographic information was checked in 2008 using satellite imagery, and supplemented using other sources in 2009. Limited field checking has been undertaken for these data and therefore some information may not be accurate. Information and assistance was supplied by the Attorney General's Department (Territories of Australia) and Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (Parks Australia). Geoscience Australia gratefully acknowledges contibutions to data content.) When viewing the map of mainland Australia beyond 1:100,000 scale, the data is derived from the Geoscience Australia GEODATA TOPO 250K product, except roads which are OpenStreetMap data, and in from 1:100,000 scale the data is derived from OpenStreetMap data ( © OpenStreetMap contributors). The suburbs layer is sourced from the Suburb 2018 and 2020 data, Australian Bureau of Statistics. The map portrays detailed graphic representations of features that appear on the Earth's surface. These features include cultural, hydrography, marine, transport, vegetation and relief themes. The SRTM data was acquired by NASA in February 2000 and was publicly released under Creative Commons licensing from November 2011 in ESRI Grid format. The SRTM DEM has quite different characteristics to DEMs derived by interpolation from topographic data. The SRTM data is derived from radar measurements that are dense (there is essentially a measurement at almost every grid cell) but noisy. The main processing of the SRTM DEM product has included: stripe removal, void filling and vegetation offset removal. Processing methods are further described in the 1 and 3 second SRTM Derived Products User Guide (Geoscience Australia, 2011). The bathymetry image used for this map is sourced from Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com. This version of the base map does not have any labelling associated with the map.

Tags: Australia, Earth Sciences, Islands, National Base Map, National Map, Published_External, Topography, WMTS, base map, topographic, web service
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
AusBathyTopo (Torres Strait) 30m 2023 - A regional-scale depth model (20230006C)

The Australian Bathymetry and Topography (AusBathyTopo) Torres Strait dataset contains depth and elevation data compiled from all available data within the Torres Strait into a 30 m-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The Torres Strait lies at the northern end of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), the largest coral reef ecosystem on Earth, and straddles the Arafura Sea to the west and the Coral Sea to the east.

The Torres Strait area is bounded by Australia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Bathymetry mapping of this extensive reef and shoal system is vital for the protection of the Torres Strait allowing for the safe navigation of shipping and improved environmental management.

Over past ten years, deep-water multibeam surveys have revealed the highly complex continental slope canyons in deeper Coral Sea waters. Shallow-water multibeam surveys conducted by the US-funded Source-to-Sink program revealed the extensive Fly River delta deposits.  Airborne LiDAR bathymetry acquired by the Australian Hydrographic Office cover most of the Torres Strait and GBR reefs, with coverage gaps supplemented by satellite derived bathymetry. The Geoscience Australia-developed National Intertidal DIgital Elevation Model (NIDEM) improves the source data gap along Australia’s vast intertidal zone.

We acknowledge the use of the CSIRO Marine National Facility (https://ror.org/01mae9353 ) in undertaking this research.” The datasets used were collected by the Marine National Facility on 13 voyages (see Lineage for identification).

All source bathymetry data were extensively edited as point clouds to remove noise, given a consistent WGS84 horizontal datum, and where possible, an approximate MSL vertical datum.

The 30 m-resolution grid is a fundamental dataset to underpin marine habitat mapping, and can be used to accurately simulate water mixing within a whole-of-GBR scale hydrodynamic model.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, Chart-derived, Compilation, DEM, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth Science | Oceans | Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography | Bathymetry, HVC_146413, LiDAR, Lidar bathymetry, Multibeam, Published_External, SRTM, Satellite-derived Bathymetry, SeisDB, Singlebeam, bathymetry, bathymetry grid, continental shelf, elevation, marine data
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Seafloor bathymetry of the Gifford Marine Park

Flythrough movie of Gifford Marine Park, which is located 700 km east of Brisbane, Australia. The park is situated about halfway along the Lord Howe Rise seamount chain on the western flank of the Lord Howe Rise. Seamounts along this chain formed from Miocene volcanism via a migrating magma source (“hotspot”) after the opening of the Tasman Sea. Two large, flat-topped volcanic seamounts dominate the park. Their gently sloping summits have accumulated veneers of sediment, which in places have formed fields of bedforms. Steep cliffs, debris and large mass movement scars encircle each seamount, and contrast with the lower gradient abyssal plains from which they rise. Spanning over 3 km of ocean depths, the seamounts are likely to serve multiple and important roles as breeding locations, resting areas, navigational landmarks or supplementary feeding grounds for some cetaceans (e.g. humpback whales, sperm whales). They may also act as important aggregation points for other highly migratory pelagic species. The bathymetry shown here was collected on two surveys - the first in 2007 by Geoscience Australia and the second in 2017 by Geoscience Australia in collaboration with the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology. The Gifford Marine Park has also been the focus of a study undertaken by the Marine Biodiversity Hub as part of the National Environmental Science Program.

This research is supported by the National Environmental Science Program (NESP) Marine Biodiversity Hub through Project D1.

Tags: Marine Biodiversity Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Published_External, biodiversity, geomorphology, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction in Bass Strait

Map showing Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction in Bass Strait.
One of the 27 constituent maps of the "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction Map Series" (GeoCat 71789).
Depicting Australia's extended continental shelf, approved by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in April 2008, and various maritime zones.  Background bathymetric image is derived from a combination of the 2009 9 arc second bathymetric and topographic grid by GA and a grid by Smith and Sandwell, 1997.
A0 sized portrait format .pdf downloadable from the web.

Tags: AU-TAS, AU-VIC, Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Thematic Map, administrative boundaries, bathymetry, continental shelf, marine, marine jurisdiction
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Stratigraphy and palynology of Mesozoic sediments from the Great Australian Bight area, southern Australia

The offshore Mesozoic Bight and Duntroon Basins formed through rifting and separation of the Australian and Antarctic plates.  Palynological investigation of samples dredged from the continental slope and submarine canyon walls in these basins during BMR Rig Seismic Cruise 66 showed that the bulk of the palynofloras correlate with the Maastrichtian to possibly earliest Paleocene Forcipites (al. Tricolpites) longus spore/pollen Zone and the Manumiella druggii microplankton Zone.  The zones are characteristic of the upper Potoroo Formation, thus this part of the Formation is widespread in the Bight and Duntroon Basins.  Environments of deposition ranged from paralic to marine.  Two samples from each of the Bight and western Duntroon Basins contain palynofloras ranging in age from Santonian to Maastrichtian, indicating a lower Potoroo/Wigunda Formation source, and one sample from the Duntroon Basin with an Early Cretaceous palynoflora points to a Ceduna Formation source.  Recycled Permian, Neocomian-Aptian and Albian-Cenomanian palynomorphs are common in the Potoroo and Wigunda Formations.  These imply the provenance of the Maastrichtian sequences was via streams flowing from the east and north into the Great Australian Bight area.  Palynological evidence indicates that lowland temperate rainforests were widespread on the Australian side of the rift at least during the Campanian-Maastrichtian.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, SA, WA
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data