AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Aeolianites in the Jurassic Jurgurra Sandstone, Canning Basin, Western Australia

During the geological mapping of the Mount Anderson Sheet area of the Canning Basin in 1976, an exposure of the Jurassic Jurgurra Sandstone about 20 km north of the type locality was examined and found to contain evidence of aeolian deposition. This note presents an environmental analysis of the section. The Jurgurra Sandstone, the lowest Jurassic unit in the Edgar Range area, was defined by Brunnschweiler (1954) as a massive, medium-grained quartz sandstone, commonly cross-bedded, and containing fossil wood and friable clay pellets. It has been considered to be a marine deposit as it contains poorly preserved marine bivalves. It has been tentatively correlated with the Wallal Sandstone (McWhae, 1961), a subsurface unit recognised during petroleum exploration, which is thought to have a paralic origin and to represent the transgressive deposits of a Jurassic marine advance. Only the upper part of the Jurgurra Sandstone is exposed. The Wallal Sandstone is 120 m thick in the Babrongan No. 1 exploration well (lat. 180Â° 23 23" S, long. 123Â° 35 37" E), which is the nearest complete section to the area considered here. It thickens to a maximum recorded thickness of 369 m in Munro No.1 well (lat. 19Â° 51 47" S, long. 122Â° 28 28" E). The exposure described occurs just south of the point at which the road to Mowla Bluff station crosses Geegully Creek (Fig. I), about 7 km north of Mowla Bluff Homestead (lat. 18Â° 32 30 S, long. 123Â° 40 55 E). It consists of clean, fluted surfaces in the floor and banks of the creek; the vertical thickness exposed averages about 5 m.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, WA
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Reef growth, southern Great Barrier Reef - preliminary results

The reefs of the Capricorn-Bunker Group in the southern Great Barrier Reef were the focus of a Bureau of Mineral Resources survey in September-October 1976. Subaerial and submarine exploration of seven reefs was conducted (Figure 1). The objectives of the expedition were: 1. To define the depth, shape and origin of the surface on which the present reefs rest. 2. To determine the effects of the present-day hydrologic regime on the growth of the reefs. 3. To define the time framework of modern growth. 4. To study the physical and chemical changes involved in the reef lithification processes. 5. To estimate the potential for metal accumulation of reef sediments and to determine the time of removal and deposition of metals in the carbonate sequence. The M. V. Escape was chartered from Gladstone to provide the platform for field studies. Shallow seismic refraction, echo profiling, underwater investigations using SCUBA, underwater coring, current, wave and water monitoring studies, and sediment sampling of lagoons were the principal field operations. Eighty-eight shallow seismic refraction traverses, each 120 m in length, were conducted using a Huntec FS-3 facsimile seismograph with a hammer or detonator sound source, and two subminiature land geophones or one pressure-sensitive hydrophone. The profiles cover windward and leeward algal ridges, cays, and in one case a lagoon and a lagoonal patch reef (One Tree Reef). This paper records field data and observations with the major emphasis placed on data relating to the morphologic growth of reefs. No attempt is made at this stage to present evidence relating to lithification or to processes and products of metal accumulation.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, QLD, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Complete Bouguer Gravity Anomaly Grid of Onshore Australia 2016

This gravity anomaly grid is derived from observations stored in the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as at February 2016 as well as data from the 2013 New South Wales Riverina gravity survey. Out of the approximately 1.8 million gravity observations 1,371,998 gravity stations in the ANGD together with 19,558 stations from the Riverina survey were used to generate this grid. The grid shows complete Bouguer anomalies over onshore continental Australia. The data used in this grid has been acquired by the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments, the mining and exploration industry, universities and research organisations from the 1940's to the present day. 
Terrain corrections to gravity were calculated using both offshore bathymetry and onshore topography data. These terrain corrections were applied to the spherical cap Bouguer anomalies used in the Bouguer Gravity Anomaly Grid of Onshore Australia 2016 to produce the complete Bouguer anomaly values shown in this grid.

Tags: Australia, Bouguer, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, National dataset, Published_External, complete Bouguer, geophysics, gravity, gravity digital data, grid, national geophysical compilation, terrain correction
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
High Seas Marine Protected Areas: Benthic environmental conservation priorities from a GIS analysis of global ocean biophysical data

In order to design a representative network of high seas marine protected areas (MPAs), an acceptable scheme is required to classify the benthic bioregions of the oceans.  Given the lack of sufficient biological information to accomplish this task, we used a multivariate statistical method with 6 biophysical variables (depth, seabed slope, sediment thickness, primary production, bottom water dissolved oxygen and bottom temperature) to objectively classify the ocean floor into 11 different categories, comprised of 53,713 separate polygons, that we have termed "seascapes".  Validation of the seascape classification was carried out by comparing the seascapes with an existing map of seafloor geomorphology, and by GIS analysis of the number of separate polygons and perimeter/area ratio. We conclude that seascapes, derived using a multivariate statistical approach, are biophysically meaningful subdivisions of the ocean floor and can be expected to contain different biological associations, in as much as different geomorphological units do the same. Our study illustrates how the identification of potential sites for high seas marine protected areas can be accomplished by GIS analysis of seafloor geomorphic and seascape classification maps.  Using this approach, maps of seascape and geomorphic heterogeneity were generated in which heterogeneity hot-spots identify themselves as MPA candidates.  The use of computer-aided mapping tools removes subjectivity in the MPA design process and provides greater confidence to stakeholders that an unbiased result has been achieved.

Tags: AU-EEZ, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, bathymetry, geomorphology, habitat, marine, marine park
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
eReefs GBR1 hydrodynamics v2.0

Results from version 2.0 of the 1km-resolution shelf-scale hydrodynamic model of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR1). This model is nested within version 2.0 of the 4km-resolution hydrodynamic model (GBR4) data at the ocean boundaries, used the Bureau of Meteorology ACCESS-R model for surface atmospheric data and incorporated measured flow data from gauging stations at the river boundaries from QLD DNRM.

This model configuration and associated results dataset may be referred to as "GBR1_H2p0" according to the eReefs simulation naming protocol.

The model ran in near-real-time mode, updating daily, until January 2024 when the 2023/24 monsoon season caused damage to sensors in the catchments, and we lost access to the critical river-flow forcing dataset.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
The Cretaceous of the Eromanga and Surat Basins

Little deformed Cretaceous sedimentary rocks underlie 1 500 000 km^2 of eastern Australia. Depositional environments in them range from freshwater to shallow marine. The Neocomian and Aptian sequences are quartz-rich, and the Albian and Cenomanian sequences are quartz-poor. The older sequences were derived largely from nearby basement rises, while the younger sequences were probably derived from Cretaceous volcanics forming a mountain range to the northeast. Glauconie is common in marine and paralic sequences. An epicontinental sea, with seaways to the north and east, covered the basins in the late Aptian, but the eastern seaway closed during an early Albian regression. A second transgressive-regressive cycle, in the late Albian, was virtually confined to the Eromanga Basin. Collectively the two transgressions and regressions were spread over about 20 million years. The present Baltic Sea is thought to provide a small-scale depositional model for the sequences under consideration: of an epicontinental sea in a cool climate, in which the salinity, the number of planktonic organisms, and the variety of benthonic organisms, decrease away from the ocean. The shallowness of the sea and its entrances mean that it is very susceptible to major environmental changes, caused by such factors as eustatic changes of sea level. The area had a gentle northwesterly regional tilt during the Cretaceous, but mid-Tertiary movements changed this to southwesterly. Despite subsequent erosion, as much as 2000 m of Cretaceous sediment is preserved in the Eromanga Basin, and 700 min the Surat Basin.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Videos, images, and positional information from NERP Marine Biodiversity Hub survey of the Solitary Islands KEF (GA0338)

A survey of the Solitary Islands Key Ecological Feature (KEF - GA survey 0338) was conducted on the R.V. Bombora between Tuesday, August 7th 2012 and Thursday, August 16th 2012, in collaboration with the New South Wales (NSW) Office of Environment and Heritage as part of GA's commitment to the National Environmental Research Programme (NERP)'s Marine Biodiversity Hub.  The survey collected forward-facing mono video, forward-facing stereo video, and downward facing stills.  The geographic position of the system was determined using a GPS system, and the location of the towed camera body was monitored using a USBL system.  The aims of the survey were to characterize benthic habitat in areas of the Solitary Islands Key Ecological Feature, and to compare and contrast the effectiveness of different methods for capturing visual representations of biological communities.

Stereo video:  2x GoPro Hero 2 cameras in Patima housings with 30cm spacing.
Mono video:
Stills:         Nikon D700, Easydive Leo II housing with dome port

The data is organized by survey date, followed by full transect number.  Within each transect, there are 4 folders titled:

GoPro       Stereo GoPro .MP4 files, 1080i, medium FOV, NTSC 30 fps
Nikon       Downward Facing Stills, .JPG
Streampix   Mono video files in Norpix .SEQ format
Tracklink   USBL positional information from Tracklink Navigator 1500.7.4.0

Days 4 and 5 are together in one folder because these transects were incomplete, and are not suitable for scientific analysis.

There is an additional folder titled DGPS Log which contains the full set of files containing the GPS position of the R/V Bombora while surveying.

Tags: Earth Sciences, HVC_144640, Multimedia, NERP, NERP Marine Biodiversity Hub, Published_External, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Backscatter grid of Lord Howe Island

Geoscience Australia carried out a marine survey on Lord Howe Island shelf (NSW) in 2008 (SS062008) to map seabed bathymetry and characterise benthic environments through colocated sampling of surface sediments and infauna, rock coring, observation of benthic habitats using underwater towed video, and measurement of ocean tides and wavegenerated currents. Subbottom profile data was also collected to map sediment thickness and shelf stratigraphy. Data and samples were acquired using the National Facility Research Vessel Southern Surveyor. Bathymetric data from this survey was merged with other preexisting bathymetric data (including LADS) to generate a grid covering 1034 sq km. As part of a separate Geoscience Australia survey in 2007 (TAN0713), an oceanographic mooring was deployed on the northern edge of Lord Howe Island shelf. The mooring was recovered during the 2008 survey following a 6 month deployment.

lh_back_8m is a backscatter grid of the Lord Howe survey area produced from the processed EM300 backscatter data of the survey area using the CMST-GA MB Process.

Tags: AU-NSW, Backscatter Grid, CERF, Marine Data, Marine Geoscience, Published_External, abiotic surrogates, backscatter, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Port Phillip-Westernport Basin hydrogeological inventory

This Port Phillip-Westernport Basin dataset contains descriptive attribute information for the areas bounded by the relevant spatial groundwater feature in the associated Hydrogeology Index map. Descriptive topics are grouped into the following themes: Location and administration; Demographics; Physical geography; Surface water; Geology; Hydrogeology; Groundwater; Groundwater management and use; Environment; Land use and industry types; and Scientific stimulus.

The Port Phillip and Westernport basins are small, shallow sedimentary basins located in south-central Victoria, formed during the Late Cretaceous rifting of Australia and Antarctica. They share similar stratigraphy with nearby basins. The Port Phillip Basin is bounded by the Selwyn and Rowsley Faults to the east and west, while the Heath Hill Fault marks the eastern boundary of the Westernport Basin. Both basins have pre-Cenozoic basement rocks comprising folded and faulted Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks and granites from the Lachlan Fold Belt.

The Port Phillip Basin's stratigraphy includes Maastrichtian to Cenozoic sedimentary units with intercalated volcanic rocks. The main depocentres are the Sorrento Graben, Ballan Graben/Lal Lal Trough, and Parwan Trough. Notable formations are the Yaloak and Werribee formations, with coal-bearing strata and marine sediments.

The Westernport Basin has coastal sediments and volcanic deposits from Paleocene to Holocene. It experienced marine transgressions and regressions due to sea-level fluctuations. Fault movements in the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene formed a fault-bounded depression centered on the Koo Wee Rup Plain. The main units are the Childers Formation, Older Volcanics, Yallock Formation, Sherwood Marl, and Baxter Sandstone.

Both basins have Quaternary sediments, including Pleistocene eolian sand sequences, Holocene alluvial and paludal clays, and fluvial sediments in valleys and palaeovalleys. The Port Phillip Basin contains distinct phases of terrestrial and marine deposition, while the Westernport Basin has Eocene volcanism and marine sediments. These basins are important geological features in the region, with various formations representing millions of years of geological history.

Tags: Basin Analysis, EARTH SCIENCES, ECOLOGY, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, Environmental Management, Exploring for the Future, GEOLOGY, Groundwater, Hydrogeology, Land Use and Environmental Planning, National Groundwater Sytems, National Hydrogeological Inventory, PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOSCIENCE, Published_External, Sedimentology, Stratigraphy (incl. Biostratigraphy and Sequence Stratigraphy)
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
National Gravity Compilation 2019 Ausdrape elevation geoid grid

Digital Elevation data record the terrain height variations from the processed SRTM surface elevation 3 second grid data with a drape surface overlain. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 Ausdrape elevation geoid grid is elevation data for the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids B series. These data are used in the project No. 202008. The grid has a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). All data (i.e., ground, airborne and marine derived from satellite altimetry) were vertically continued to this surface during processing. The surface was generated to mimic a smooth airborne survey drape surface with a minimum surface clearance of 250 m and an isotropic maximum climb and descent rates of 25 m per km. The ground surface data were derived from SRTM data with 3 second grid cell size. The data are given in units of meters. The data are given in units of meters.

Tags: Ausdrape, Australia, DEM, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, Elevation, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, airborne, digital data, geoid, geophysical survey, geophysics, grid, raster, survey 202008, terrain
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Petrel Sub-basin Study 1995-1996 : Organic Geochemistry of Oils and Source Rocks

AGSO's 1995-96 Petrel Sub-basin Study was undertaken within AGSO's Marine, Petroleum and
Sedimentary Resources Division (MPSR) as part of MPSR's North West Shelf Project. The study was
aimed at understanding the stratigraphic and structural development of the basin as a framework for
more effective and efficient resource exploration. Specifically, the study aimed to:
- define the nature of the major basement elements underlying the Petrel Sub-basin and their
influence on the development of the basin through time,
- determine the nature and age of the events that have controlled the initiation, distribution and
tectonic evolution of the basin;
- define the nature and age of the basin fill, and the processes that have controlled its deposition and
deformation; and, importantly,
- determine the factors controlling the development and distribution of the basin's petroleum systems
and occurrences.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, organic geochemistry, petroleum geology
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Australian Fisheries Enforcement Zones - Front (Indonesian)

This map is produced for the Australian Fisheries Management Authority to assist their enforcement of Australia's Maritime Boundaries. It has lots of icons to explain to Indonesian fishermen where they can and cannot fish in the Timor and Arafura Seas.

This version is an Indonesian translation.

It is not for sale or public release by Geoscience Australia. Public release is thru DEH and AFMA.

Updated in 2019 to reflect the 2018 Australia/Timor-Leste Maritime Boundaries Treaty.

Tags: Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Thematic Map, administrative boundaries, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Methodologies for multibeam seabed hardness mapping in the Timor Sea - Relief

This dataset contains topographic relief data from seabed mapping surveys on the Van Diemen Rise in the eastern Joseph Bonaparte Gulf of the Timor Sea. The survey was conducted under a Memorandum of Understanding between Geoscience Australia (GA) and the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) in two consecutive years 2009 (GA survey number GA-0322 and AIMS survey number SOL4934) and 2010 (GA survey number GA-0325 and AIMS survey number SOL5117). The surveys obtained detailed geological (sedimentological, geochemical, geophysical) and biological data (macro-benthic and infaunal diversity, community structure) for the banks, channels and plains to investigate relationships between the physical environment and associated biota for biodiversity prediction. The surveys also provide Arafura-Timor Sea, and wider northern Australian marine region context for the benthic biodiversity of the Van Diemen Rise. Four study areas were investigated across the outer to inner shelf. Refer to the GA record 'Methodologies for seabed substrate characterisation using multibeam bathymetry, backscatter, and video data: A case study for the Eastern Joseph Bonaparte Gulf, Northern Australia' for further information on processing techniques applied (GeoCat: 74092; GA Record: 2013/11).

Tags: AU-NT, Bathymetry Grid, Marine Data, Marine Geoscience, NERP, Published_External, bathymetry, geoscience, marine, multibeam
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
BRUVS (TM) - Fish and Benthic survey of Inshore Shoals : Townsville 2006-10-28 to 2006-10-30

The dataset comprises 1260 individuals from 87 species of fishes, sharks, rays and sea snakes observed at around Inshore Shoals : Townsville using 21 baited remote underwater video stations (BRUVS(TM)). 338 images were captured from these cameras.

Approximately 3500 of the best images from all BRUVS (TM) projects are stored in a reference library.

Data recorded concern:
- classification of the habitat in the field of view (topography, sediments, benthos)
- the identity of fish and CAABCODES
- their time of arrival
- their behaviour (8 categories, including feeding on the bait)
- their maturity (adult or juvenile)
- their relative abundance (as MaxN = the maximum number visible at one time, or distinguishable at different times as separate individuals e.g. much larger/smaller, male/female)
- the time elapsed before MaxN and feeding occurs.

A custom interface has been developed by AIMS staff, using Microsoft Access, for reading and analysis of BRUVS(TM) tapes.

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Origins of groundwater salinity near Tresco, northwest Victoria

Core samples and groundwater from bores at Tresco, northern Victoria, in the southern margin of the Murray Basin, have been analysed for palynology and chemistry. An aquifer immediately above the Blanchetown Clay was initially filled with fresh water that became reducing, acidic and rich in dissolved CO, in the early Pleistocene.  Later, between 400,000 and 18,000 years B.P., the aquifer was invaded by a series of concentrated NaCI water pulses. These originated from brine pools below salt playa lakes on the ground surface above the aquifer.  This saline invasion significantly changed the chemical evolution path of the groundwater. A marine explanation for the observed salinity patterns is not possible.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, VIC
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
A Survey of the Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) C. Agardh Stocks on the East Coast of Tasmania, 1999

A survey was conducted for Macrocystis pyrifera (Linnaeus) C. Agardh 1820 from Eddystone Point to South East Cape

The survey was conducted from light aeroplane. Areas of Macrocystis pyrifera beds were marked on 1:100,000 topographical land tenure maps using landmarks as references. A Trimble GPS unit was used to track position in the aeroplane. As boundaries of the beds were flown over, these were marked on the GPS. When plotted up, these information assisted in determining Macrocystis bed boundaries where these were not close to the coast.

Tags: ECOLOGY Community, ECOLOGY Ecosystem, ECOLOGY Habitat, FISHERIES Marine, FLORA Native, MARINE Biology, MARINE Coasts, MARINE Reefs, Macrocystis pyrifera, Temperate Reef, VEGETATION Floristic, VEGETATION Structural
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network