AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
2021 State of the Environment Report Marine Chapter – Expert Assessment – Management Effectiveness – Shipping (marine vessel activity)

The Marine chapter of the 2021 State of the Environment (SoE) report incorporates multiple expert templates developed from streams of marine data. This metadata record describes the Expert Assessment "Effectiveness of Management – Shipping (marine vessel activity)". 
<strong><em>A PDF of the full Expert Assessment, including figures and tables (where provided) is downloadable in the "On-line Resources" section of this record as "EXPERT ASSESSMENT 2021 - Effectiveness of Management - Shipping"</em></strong>



DESCRIPTION OF THE APPROACH TO MANAGING THE PRESSURE
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is the United Nations agency responsible for safety, security and pollution prevention for international shipping. Australia is a signatory to key IMO conventions relating to maritime safety and environmental protection. The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) is the federal agency responsible for maritime safety and environmental protection in Australian waters and works with other countries through the IMO. 
In Australia, Federal and State Governments work together in the control, risk reduction and risk response measures to manage shipping activity. The National Plan for Maritime Environmental Emergencies (AMSA 2020) sets out the cooperative arrangements in place to respond to maritime emergencies and incidents affecting the environment. 
Shipping in the Great Barrier Reef Region is well managed by AMSA, Maritime Safety Queensland and the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority and guided by the North East Shipping Management Plan. Management protections and controls in place include REEFVTS vessel management system and designation as a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (GBRMPA 2019). 
Interactions between marine fauna and shipping is largely addressed by the Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment under the EPBC Act. AMSA provides guidance to the shipping industry on practices to avoid interactions between shipping and marine fauna. 

DATA STREAM(S) USED IN EXPERT ASSESSMENT
no specific data streams used



2021 SOE ASSESSMENT SUMMARY [see attached Expert Assessment for full details]

• Approach •
Assessment grade: Very effective
Assessment trend: Improving
Confidence grade: Adequate
Confidence trend: Adequate
Comparability with 2016: Comparable
• Outputs •
Assessment grade: Effective
Assessment trend: Improving
Confidence grade: Adequate
Confidence trend: Adequate
Comparability with 2016: Comparable
• Outcomes •
Assessment grade: Effective
Assessment trend: Improving
Confidence grade: Adequate
Confidence trend: Adequate
Comparability with 2016: Comparable



CHANGES SINCE 2016 SOE ASSESSMENT
The assessment has not changed since 2016.

Tags: environmental management, expert assessment, pressures, shipping, vessel activity
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
NERP TE Project 6.3 - Critical seabird foraging locations and trophic relationships for the Great Barrier Reef, 2011-2014 (JCU)

The program aims to identify key foraging locations and biophysical characteristics for shearwaters and boobies in the GBR and Coral Sea, assess prey availability and its climate-driven variations, and understand the conditions necessary for viable reproduction and potential anthropogenic interactions.

Overall the key objectives of this program are to:
<ol>
<li>Identify and map the principal foraging locations for shearwaters and boobies breeding at the most important colonies of the GBR, both within and between breeding seasons, using a combination of different Geolocation, GPS and Satellite PTT data loggers;</li>
<li>Obtain detailed information on the biophysical oceanographic characteristics of these foraging habitats in both the GBR and Coral Sea regions using a range of biophysical parameters derived from satellite and in situ data;</li>
<li>Quantify how prey availability at these sites varies with climate driven changes in biophysical oceanography;</li>
<li>quantifying the level of prey availability and associated oceanographic conditions required to maintain viable reproduction at significant breeding colonies; and</li>
<li>establish potential linkages and interactions between these areas/processes and other anthropogenic activities.</li>
</ol>

Tags: National Environmental Research Program Tropical Ecosystems Hub, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
NERP TE Project 2.2 - Mangrove and freshwater habitat status of Torres Strait islands, 2011-2014 (JCU)

This project will examine the status, diversity and condition of mangroves and freshwater habitats in the Torres Strait. This will provide a baseline against which future changes can be assessed and will also enable planning for adaptation to potential sea level rise/increased storm surge. The project builds on Torres Strait Islanders’ knowledge and understanding of mangrove habitats, with scientists working in partnership with Traditional Owners.

This project will:
<ol>
<li>

Undertake a baseline survey of the status and condition of mangroves and freshwater wetland habitats in Torres Strait based on a combination of aerial imagery and on-ground surveys, including documenting species present and identifying the presence of exotic species.
</li>
<li>

Where feasible, document knowledge of selected communities about their uses of mangrove and freshwater habitats and provide management advice for these habitats, where required.
</li>
<li>

Assess mitigation options for mangroves, protection/management/rehabilitation needs, and climate change-related adaptive strategies.
</li>
</ol>

Tags: National Environmental Research Program Tropical Ecosystems Hub, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Biology of the Mertz Glacier Polynya - Zooplankton and CTD Data

Metadata record for data from ASAC Project 1101
See the link below for public details on this project.

---- Public Summary from Project ----
Most of our knowledge of the Antarctic marine ecosystems comes from summer surveys. There are very few observations of this ecosystem in winter and there is a fundamental lack of knowledge of understanding of even basic questions such as 'what is there?' and 'what's it doing?'.  The proposed visit to the sea ice zone in winter is a rare opportunity to conduct observations on phytoplankton, krill, birds, seals and whales, so that we can begin to understand the biological processes that go on in winter.

Data for this project were intended to be collected on a 1998 winter voyage of the Aurora Australis, but a fire on board meant that the voyage had to return to port before work could be carried out.

Data were then collected the following year during a 1999 winter voyage of the Aurora Australis (IDIOTS), which ran from July to September.

Data attached to this metadata record, include zooplankton and CTD data collected from the Mertz Glacier region.

The data have been compiled by Angela McGaffin, and can be found in the "processed" folder of the download file.  Original datasets are also available in the "Original Datasets" folder.

Tags: AMD, AMD/AU, CEOS, CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA, CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS > PLANKTON > ZOOPLANKTON, EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > POLYNYAS, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > WATER DEPTH, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > CONDUCTIVITY, GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR, IDIOTS, R/V AA > R/V Aurora Australis, SHIPS
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Movement patterns of Shark Bay Dugongs - GIS layer

This dataset consists of location points obtained from GPS data loggers and Satellite Platform Transmitter Terminals (PTT) attached to dugongs to determine large and fine scale movement patterns within the Shark Bay World Heritage Property (SBWHP). The length of deployment for each animal ranges from 10 days to 11 months with all locations falling within the boundaries of the SBWHP.

Tags: 41 206001, Biosphere | Ecological Dynamics | Range Changes, Dugong dugon, Oceans | Marine Biology | Marine Mammals
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Monitoring of meteorological and oceanographic conditions over 12 months in the West Kimberley.

An array of meteorological and oceanographic monitoring stations will be established at key locations in the West Kimberley region to provide the necessary data to develop a good understanding of the relevant physical characteristics and processes operating in the marine environment.  Between 10 metres and 30 metres below Mean Sea Level

Tags: Marine Features (Australia) | Kimberley Coast, WA, Oceans | Ocean Circulation | Ocean Currents, Oceans | Ocean Temperature | Water Temperature, Oceans | Ocean Waves, Oceans | Ocean Waves | Swells, Oceans | Ocean Winds | Surface Winds, Oceans | Tides
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Numerical Weather and Oceanographic Prediction (NWOP) Products: Australian Bureau of Meteorology

The Bureau of Meteorology provides the Australian and international maritime communities with weather forecasts, warnings and observations for coastal waters areas and high seas around Australia. Generally most of these services are provided routinely throughout the day, while marine weather warnings may be issued at any time when the need becomes apparent. Because of the complex nature of the sea, the Bureau of Meteorology uses advanced computer models to predict the physical characteristics of the ocean. These computer forecasts are used by meteorologists in the preparation of marine forecasts and warnings. The forecasts include wind, weather, sea and swell and are intended to describe the average conditions over specified areas. Marine forecasts have been enhanced by the inclusion of ocean currents and sea-surface temperature forecasts through the BLUElink ocean forecasting initiative.

The Numerical Weather and Oceanographic Prediction (NWOP) Products webpage provides links to datasets on sea surface winds, SST, and wave height around the coast of Australia and globally.

Tags: AUSTRALIA INCLUDING EXTERNAL TERRITORIES, Oceans | Ocean Temperature | Sea Surface Temperature, Oceans | Ocean Waves | Swells, Oceans | Ocean Waves | Wave Height, Oceans | Ocean Waves | Wind Waves, Oceans | Ocean Winds | Surface Winds, sea_surface_swell_wave_significant_height, sea_surface_temperature, sea_surface_wave_significant_height, wind_speed
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Behavioural ecology of juvenile wild dolphins in Shark Bay, Western Australia.

This study involves work on the behavioural ecology of juvenile wild dolphins in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Samuels and Flaherty are tracking the lives of 16 juvenile dolphins in Shark Bay, ranging from age three to age 14 years. The field research aims to focus on the lives of juvenile dolphins in the wild. This information is used to interpret juvenile behavior within social and demographic contexts. The goal is to identify factors that influence the dolphin's behavioral development and affect their survival to adulthood.

KEWORDS: cetacean, tursiops truncatus

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
Aurora Australis SAZ Southern Ocean oceanographic data, cruise au9701

Oceanographic measurements were conducted in the Subantarctic Zone south of Tasmania in September 1997. 5 sediment trap moorings were deployed, and a total of 10 CTD vertical profiles were taken. Over 90 Niskin bottle water samples were collected for the measurement of salinity and nutrients (phosphate, nitrate+nitrite, silicate).

The fields in this dataset are:
oceanography
ship
station number
date
start time
bottom time
finish time
cruise
start position
bottom position
finish position
maximum position
bottom depth
pressure
temperature (T-90)
salinity
sigma-T
specific volume anomaly
geopotential anomaly
dissolved oxygen
fluorescence
photosynthetically active radiation

Tags: AMD, AMD/AU, BOTTOM DEPTH, BOTTOM POSITION, BOTTOM TIME, CEOS, CRUISE, CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth, DATE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > BACTERIA/ARCHAEA, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > WATER DEPTH, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS > SEDIMENTATION, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ALKALINITY, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > AMMONIA, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > DISSOLVED GASES, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > INORGANIC CARBON, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRITE, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITROGEN, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NUTRIENTS, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > ORGANIC CARBON, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PH, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PHOSPHATE, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PIGMENTS, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > SILICATE, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > STABLE ISOTOPES, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > CONDUCTIVITY, EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY, FINISH POSITION, FINISH TIME, FLUORESCENCE, GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR, GEOPOTENTIAL ANOMALY, MAXIMUM PRESSURE, OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN, OCEANOGRAPHY, PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION, PRESSURE, R/V AA > R/V Aurora Australis, SALINITY, SHIP, SHIPS, SIGMA-T, SPECIFIC VOLUME ANOMALY, START POSITION, START TIME, STATION NUMBER, TEMPERATURE (T-90)
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
2021 State of the Environment Report Marine Chapter – Expert Assessment – State and Trend – Dolphins and porpoises

The Marine chapter of the 2021 State of the Environment (SoE) report incorporates multiple expert templates developed from streams of marine data. This metadata record describes the Expert Assessment "State and Trend of dolphins and porpoises". 
<strong><em>A PDF of the full Expert Assessment, including figures and tables (where provided) is downloadable in the "On-line Resources" section of this record as "EXPERT ASSESSMENT 2021 - Dolphins and Porpoises"</em></strong>



DESCRIPTION OF TAXONOMIC GROUP FOR EXPERT ASSESSMENT
Following taxonomic standards, 20 dolphin species in the Family Delphinidae and one species in the Family Phocoenidae are known to occur in Australian waters (Table 1). A number of these species (e.g. common dolphins, Delphinus delphis) are distributed nationally, others are restricted to particular latitudes (e.g. dusky dolphin, Lagenorhychus obscurus) and others consist of populations that are highly restricted to embayments and tributaries within particular regions (e.g. the endemic Australian snubfin dolphin, Orcaella heinsohni).
Since the 2016 State of the Environment (SoE) report further insights into the spatial distribution of Australian snubfin dolphin (Blue Planet Marine 2019, Bouchet et al. 2021), Australian humpback dolphins (Sousa sahulensis; Parra  and Cagnazzi 2015, Hanf et al. 2016, Hunt et al. 2017; Raudino et al. 2018a, Raudino et al. 2018b, Blue Planet Marine 2019, Burns et al. 2019, Hunt et al. 2020), Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus, Raudino et al. 2018a, Blue Planet Marine 2019, Burns et al. 2019, Haughey et al. 2020), common dolphins (Delphinus delphis, Mason et al. 2016) and orca (Orcinus orca, Jones et al. 2019, Salgado-Kent et al. 2020) have been established. 

DATA STREAM(S) USED IN EXPERT ASSESSMENT
Assessment based on review of literature published since the 2016 SoE assessment – see references for spatial and temporal coverage of data incorporated into assessments. 



2021 SOE ASSESSMENT SUMMARY [see attached Expert Assessment for full details]

• 2021 •
Assessment grade: Good
Assessment trend: Unclear
Confidence grade: Limited evidence or limited consensus
Confidence trend: Limited evidence or limited consensus
Comparability: Grade and trend are comparable to the 2016 assessment
• 2016 •
Assessment grade: Good
Assessment trend: Unclear
Confidence grade: Limited evidence or limited consensus
Confidence trend: Limited evidence or limited consensus
Comparability: Grade and trend are somewhat comparable to the 2011 assessment
• 2011 •
Assessment grade: Good
Assessment trend: Stable
Confidence grade: Limited evidence or limited consensus
Confidence trend: Limited evidence or limited consensus



CHANGES SINCE 2016 SOE ASSESSMENT
Assessment has not changed.

Tags: dolphins, expert assessment, population status, porpoises
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
2021 State of the Environment Report Marine Chapter – Expert Assessment – State and Trend – Species redistributions

The Marine chapter of the 2021 State of the Environment (SoE) report incorporates multiple expert templates developed from streams of marine data. This metadata record describes the Expert Assessment "State and Trend of species redistributions". 
<strong><em>A PDF of the full Expert Assessment, including figures and tables (where provided) is downloadable in the "On-line Resources" section of this record as "EXPERT ASSESSMENT 2021 - Species Redistributions"</em></strong>



DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES/HABITAT/COMMUNITY/PROCESS FOR EXPERT ASSESSMENT
A systematic review suggests that since 2003, at least 198 Australian marine species have undergone long-term shifts in their geographic distributions. These redistributions are strongly associated with ocean warming. Indeed, 87.3% of shifts (173 species) align with expectations under warming trends i.e., these shifts are polewards in direction. Extreme climate events such as El Niño and marine heatwave events have also facilitated the contraction of warmer range limits and extension of cooler poleward range limits of species in Australia.

DATA STREAM(S) USED IN EXPERT ASSESSMENT
Literature search spanning all peer-reviewed scientific literature pertaining to marine species redistributions in Australia (Gervais et al., In Review)



2021 SOE ASSESSMENT SUMMARY [see attached Expert Assessment for full details]

• 2021 •
Assessment grade: Poor 
Assessment trend: Deteriorating
Confidence grade: Adequate high-quality evidence or high-level of consensus
Confidence trend: Adequate high-quality evidence or high-level of consensus
Comparability: Not Previously Assessed



CHANGES SINCE 2016 SOE ASSESSMENT
not previously assessed

Tags: community dynamics, expert assessment, range extension, species redistributions
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
IMOS - Coastal Wave Buoys - Data Quality Control Manual

This document outlines the data management and quality control steps that are used to post-process raw data collected by the wave buoys and to archive it on Australia’s Ocean Data Network (AODN). The IMOS Coastal Wave Buoys Facility supports both Near real-time (NRT) and Delayed Mode (DM) data streams, each of which undergoes quality control and assessment in accordance with best-practice guidelines outlined by the Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) before being archived on AODN. To facilitate wider use of these data processing workflows by other organisations in Australia and globally, the Facility code repository is publicly available on GitHub (https://github.com/caminhathiago/imos_cwb_wavebuoys).

Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
NERP TE Project 13.1 - e-Atlas, 2011-2014 (AIMS)

The e-Atlas is a website and mapping system for presenting environmental research data in an accessible form that promotes greater use of this information. It is also a data management system for preserving and encouraging reuse of this data. The e-Atlas is the primary data and knowledge repository for 38 NERP Tropical Ecosystems Hub projects, 6 Reef Rescue Marine Monitoring Program projects and historically, the Marine and Tropical Science Research Facility. 

This project will:
<ol>
<li>

Document (website and metadata), capture (repository) and visualise (mapping services) research outcomes of all NERP TE Hub projects in a readily accessible manner following the NERP TE Data Management Guidelines. These products will be made available in standard services (WMS, WFS, ISO19115, etc) following the National Plan for Environment Information (NPEI). 
</li>
<li>

Develop visualisations for all NERP TE Hub spatial and non-spatial data and make them available in a manner suitable for fostering research collaboration and to develop key datasets for use by environmental managers and policy makers.
</li>
<li>

Expand the range of reference datasets in the e-Atlas that complement available research data as well as maintain and upgrade existing content in the e-Atlas (MTSRF data).
</li>
<li>

Develop a Torres Strait e-Atlas that will make available Torres Strait content from NERP TE research, TSRA data and priority historical CSIRO data. This project will also develop a baselayer for the Torres Strait community based on Landsat imagery, QLD government aerial imagery, TSRA data and the development of a reef's dataset. 
</li>
<li>

Develop the e-Atlas systems (mapping system, data processing tools, metadata system and website) to best meet the needs of the end users.
</li>
</ol>

Tags: National Environmental Research Program Tropical Ecosystems Hub, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network
NERP TE Project 4.1 - Tracking coastal turbidity over time and demonstrating the effects of river discharge events on regional turbidity in the GBR, 2012-2014 (AIMS)

Turbidity is a measure of water clarity that quantifies the amount of small particles suspended in the water, and is a fundamental environmental parameter influencing coastal marine ecosystems. Turbidity reduces the light needed for photosynthesis by corals and seagrasses, and suspended particles also transport nutrients, pollutants and diseases. Previous research based on 3 years of turbidity data collected from 15 inshore reefs by the Reef Rescue Marine Monitoring Program has shown that it can take several months for water clarity to improve after river floods. This project will analyse a 12-year data set to demonstrate the explicit link between variations in discharge (sediments and nutrients) from the major rivers in each Natural Resource Management (NRM) region adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) and seasonal and annual variations in water clarity in the inshore GBR.

This project will:
<ol>
<li>

Determine quantitative relationships between river discharges and seasonal and annual variation in inshore water clarity on the GBR adjacent to each NRM region. This is achieved by processing MODIS/Aqua remote sensing (since July 2002) to calculate euphotic depth (water clarity) for the whole GBR and analysing this against  predicted and observed tides, observed waves, wind, rain, river flow data (BOM and DERM daily data) and tidal forcing (Slim model).
</li>
<li>

Strengthen scientific basis for Reef Rescue and Reef Plan and the refinement of water quality targets.
</li>
<li>

Provide data to assist validation and calibration of the Receiving Waters Model and a WQ Risk Analysis.
</li>
</ol>

Tags: National Environmental Research Program Tropical Ecosystems Hub, marine
Organization: Australian Ocean Data Network