AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Yarramundi Control Flux Data Release 2025_v1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.18) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

The Yarramundi Control Paddock site is located near Richmond, NSW (GPS coordinates -33.613469, 150.734864). The site is about 1&nbsp;km east of the Cumberland Plain Woodland flux tower. The climate is warm-temperate, with annual rainfall averaging 728&nbsp;mm, mean maximum temperature in January of 30.4&deg;C and mean minimum temperature in July of 3.6&deg;C (BOM station 067105). The elevation of the site is about 20&nbsp;m asl and the topography is flat. The soil is sandy loam in texture, organic carbon content is &lt;1% nutrient availability is very low in the top 10&nbsp;cm; iron concretions below 50&nbsp;cm indicate poor drainage at times. The vegetation canopy is less than 1&nbsp;m tall, and the plant community is dominated by exotic herbaceous perennials, including <em>Conyza sumatrensis</em>, <em>Setaria parviflora</em>, <em>Cynodon dactylon</em>, <em>Commelina cyanea</em>, <em>Senecio madagascariensis</em>, and <em>Eragrostis curvula</em>. 
 Fluxes of water vapour, carbon dioxide and heat are quantified with the open-path eddy flux technique from a 2.5&nbsp;m tall mast. Additional measurements above the canopy include temperature, humidity, rainfall and net radiation, and photographs are taken several times per day to track canopy greenness.

Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Dry River Flux Data Release 2024_v1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.17) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

The site is classified as open forest savanna. The overstory is co-dominated by tree species <em>Eucalyptus tetrodonta</em>, <em>Eucalyptus dichromophloia</em>, <em>Corymbia terminalis</em>, <em>Sorghum intrans</em>, <em>Sorghum plumosum</em>, <em>Themeda triandra</em> and <em>Chrysopogon fallax</em>, with canopy height averaging 12.3&nbsp;m. Elevation of the site is close to 175&nbsp;m and mean annual precipitation from a nearby Bureau of Meteorology site measures 895.3 mm. Maximum temperatures range from 29.1&nbsp;°C (in June) to 37.6&nbsp;°C (in July), while minimum temperatures range from 14.6&nbsp;°C (in July) to 24.8&nbsp;°C (in November). Maximum temperatures vary seasonally by 8.5&nbsp;°C and minimum by 10.2&nbsp;°C.  The instrument mast is 15&nbsp;m tall. Heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide measurements are taken using the open-path eddy flux technique. Temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, incoming and reflected shortwave radiation and net radiation are measured above the canopy. Soil heat fluxes are measured and soil moisture content is gathered using time domain reflectometry.  Ancillary measurements taken at the site include LAI, leaf-scale physiological properties (gas exchange, leaf isotope ratios, nitrogen and chlorophyll concentrations), vegetation optical properties and soil physical properties. Airborne based remote sensing (Lidar and hyperspectral measurements) was carried out across the site in September 2008. 

Tags: AU-Dry, Eddy Covariance, open forest savanna
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Riggs Creek Flux Data Release 2024_v1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.17) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

The flux station site is located within an area of dryland agriculture. The surrounding area is dominated by broadacre farming practices. The vegetation cover is predominantly pasture. Elevation of the site is close to 152&nbsp;m and mean annual precipitation at a nearby Bureau of Meteorology site measures 650&nbsp;mm. Maximum temperatures range from 12.3&nbsp;°C (in July) to 29.7&nbsp;°C (in February), while minimum temperatures range from 10.4&nbsp;°C (in July) to 26.8&nbsp;°C (in February).

The instrument mast is 4&nbsp;m tall. Heat, water vapour and carbon dioxide measurements are taken using the open-path eddy flux technique. Temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall and net radiation are measured. Soil heat fluxes are measured and soil moisture content is gathered using time domain reflectometry.

Tags: AU-Rig, Eddy Covariance, dryland agriculture, pasture
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Great Western Woodlands Flux Data Release 2022_v1

This data release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer in semi-arid eucalypt woodland using eddy covariance techniques. It been processed using PyFluxPro (v3.3.3) as described in Isaac et al. (2017), <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2903-2017">https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2903-2017</a>. PyFluxPro takes data recorded at the flux tower and process this data to a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER). For more information about the processing levels, see <a href="https://github.com/OzFlux/PyFluxPro/wiki">https://github.com/OzFlux/PyFluxPro/wiki</a>.

The Great Western Woodlands (GWW) comprise a 16 million hectare mosaic of temperate woodland, shrubland and mallee vegetation in south-west Western Australia. The region has remained relatively intact since European settlement, owing to the variable rainfall and lack of readily accessible groundwater. The woodland component is globally unique in that nowhere else do woodlands occur at as little as 220 mm mean annual rainfall. Further, other temperate woodlands around the world have typically become highly fragmented and degraded through agricultural use. The Great Western Woodlands Site was established in 2012 in the Credo Conservation Reserve. The site is in semi-arid woodland and was operated as a pastoral lease from 1907 to 2007.  The core 1 ha plot is characterised by <em>Eucalyptus salmonophloia</em> (salmon gum), with <em>Eucalyptus salubris</em> and <em>Eucalyptus clelandii</em> dominating other research plots.  The flux station is located in Salmon gum woodland. For additional site information, see https://www.tern.org.au/tern-observatory/tern-ecosystem-processes/great-western-woodlands-supersite/ . 

Tags: AU-GWW, Eddy Covariance, sparse eucalypt woodland
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Calperum Chowilla Flux Data Release 2024_v1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.17) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

 The Calperum Chowilla site was established in July 2010 and is managed by the University of Adelaide, coordinated by Prof Wayne Meyer and Prof David Chittleborough of the Landscape Futures Program as part of the Environment Institute. This is a former sheep grazing property that has been destocked and is being managed as a conservation area in this type of ecosystem. The landscape is flat with a series of low east–west sand dunes. The dunes are remnants of a previous dry era and are mostly now stabilized by mallee (multi-stemmed Eucalypt trees) and various shrubs. It is a semi-arid environment fringing the River Murray floodplains of the Riverland. 

Tags: AU-Cpr, mallee woodland
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
TGB Osborn (Koonamore) Vegetation Reserve, Cassia Corner

The record comprises available data on the abundance of <em>Cassia</em> (<em>Senna artemesioides</em>) in an area of 7150 m2 in the TGB Osborn (Koonamore) Vegetation Reserve (or Koonamore Vegetation Reserve (KVR)) since the early 1940s. Available data cover 26 instances from 1940 to 2014 and include the number of individuals of each species encountered, and their life stage (adult or juvenile).

 This is version 2.1 of the Koonamore Cassia Corner data release and supersedes any previous versions.


Change log for the Cassia corner collection:
<ul><li>V2.1, 2026-02-16; Specht, Arun Singh Ramesh; Ensured dates recorded are in ISO format yyyyMMdd. Updated the metadata description and adjusted camelCase to be consistent with the TERN vocabulary. Added information to be consistent with TERN standards.</li>
<li>V2, 2025-06-19; Alison Specht; Created, cleaned and organised data files to comply with FAIR standards, aligning vocabularies with the TERN vocabularies and comprehensive metadata created.</li>
<li>V1, 2008-2014; Russell Sinclair; digitised field data sheets and computer records delivered to the AEKOS TERN portal. V1 metadata was recorded in the AEKOS-TERN portal</li></ul>

Tags: Cassia Corner, Enclosure, KVR, Long-term Monitoring, TGB Osborn Vegetation Reserve
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Great Western Woodlands Flux Data Release 2025_v1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.18) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

Great Western Woodlands (GWW) comprise a 16 million&nbsp;ha mosaic of temperate woodland, shrubland and mallee vegetation in south-west Western Australia. The region has remained relatively intact since European settlement, owing to the variable rainfall and lack of readily accessible groundwater. The woodland component is globally unique in that nowhere else do woodlands occur at as little as 220&nbsp;mm mean annual rainfall. Further, other temperate woodlands around the world have typically become highly fragmented and degraded through agricultural use. Great Western Woodlands Site was established in 2012 in the Credo Conservation Reserve. The site is in semi-arid woodland and was operated as a pastoral lease from 1907 to 2007. The core 1&nbsp;ha plot is characterised by <em>Eucalyptus salmonophloia</em> (salmon gum), with <em>Eucalyptus salubris</em> and <em>Eucalyptus clelandii</em> dominating other research plots. The flux station is located in salmon gum woodland.

Tags: AU-GWW, Eddy Covariance, sparse eucalypt woodland
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
TGB Osborn (Koonamore) Vegetation Reserve, Kangaroo Transect

The record lists data from surveys conducted to monitor Kangaroo (<em>Osphranter rufus</em> (Desmarest)) activity in the TGB Osborn (Koonamore) Vegetation Reserve (or Koonamore Vegetation Reserve (KVR)) since 1960s. The kangaroo transect was set up in 1968 by Andrew Smith and Bob Lange to monitor kangaroo numbers on the Reserve and give a qualitative indication how numbers fluctuate from year to year. Some results are included in Andrew and Lange (1986). The transect runs east to west through the sandy dune areas of the southern part of the reserve, where kangaroos tend to congregate (inside), and extends some distance into the paddock to the west of the western boundary (outside).  The dataset ranges from 1968 to 2022 and comprises the total number of kangaroo scats, which includes fresh and old scats. Goat and sheep pellets, if present, were later included in the count.    

Reference
Andrew, M. &amp; Lange, R. (1986). The Spatial Distributions of Sympatric Populations of Kangaroos and Sheep - Examples of Dissociation Between These Species. Wildlife Research 13, 367–373.

This is version 2.1 of the Koonamore Kangaroo transect data release and supersedes any previous versions.


Change log for the Kangaroo Transect:

<ul><li>V2.1, 2026-03-22; Alison Specht, Miranda Fittock and Arun Singh Ramesh; Ensured dates recorded were in ISO format YYYY-MM-DD, NA inserted into all blank cells. As there were no sheep or goats recorded prior to 2017, NA was used for blank cells prior to that time. Animal species scientific names included.</li>

<li>V2, 2025-06-20; Alison Specht and Arun Singh Ramesh; Digitised and organised data files to comply with FAIR standards, aligning vocabularies with the TERN vocabularies and created comprehensive metadata. Locations verified with David Ladd.</li>

<li>V1, 2008-2014; Russell Sinclair digitised field data sheets to be delivered to the AEKOS TERN portal. Added required V1 metadata in the AEKOS portal</li></ul>

Tags: Enclosure, Goat Activity, KVR, Kangaroo Activity, Long-term Monitoring, Sheep Activity, TGB Osborn Vegetation Reserve
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Litchfield FLUXNET Release 2026_r1

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.21) as described by Isaac et al. (2017) for the quality control and post-processing steps.  The final, gap-filled product containing Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER) has been produced using the ONEFlux software as described in Pastorello et al (2020).  This data set has been produced as part of the FLUXNET Shuttle project.

The Litchfield flux station is located within Litchfield National Park in the Northern Territory.
It was established in 2015 and is managed by Charles Darwin University and The University of Western Australia.
The station is a research and monitoring site representative of high rainfall, frequently burnt tropical savanna. The site is a 5 km x 5 km block of relatively uniform open-forest savanna inside the park about 80 km south of Darwin.
Measurements of carbon sequestration and remote sensing properties of vegetation through time are being achieved via a 40 m guyed tower equipped with instrumentation capable of directly measuring CO2, water use and surface energy properties (energy balance, reflectance).  The Litchfield flux station is located within Litchfield National Park in the Northern Territory.

Tags: AU-Lit, FLUXNET ID
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Litchfield Flux Data Release 2024_v2

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.17) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).
 
Located in a 5 km2 block of relatively uniform open-forest savanna, the site is representative of high rainfall, frequently burnt tropical savanna.

Tropical savanna in Australia occupies 1.9 million km2 across the north and given the extent of this biome, understanding biogeochemical cycles, impacts of fire on sequestration, vegetation and fauna is a national priority. In the NT, savanna ecosystems are largely intact in terms of tree cover, with only modest levels of land use change. Despite this, there is evidence of a loss of biodiversity, most likely due to shifts in fire regimes and a loss of patchiness in the landscape. Approximately 40 % of the savanna burn every year and understanding fire impacts on fauna and flora is essential for effective land management.


Tags: AU-Lit, Eddy Covariance, open-forest savanna, tropical savanna
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Warra Tall Eucalypt BASE Contextual, Soil Physico-Chemical Data 2013

Soil collection and analysis of chemical and physical attributes was carried out at the Warra Tall Eucalypt site to provide contextual data for the Biomes of Australian Soil Environments (BASE) soil microbial diversity project.

Tags: BASE, Chemistry, Physico-chemical, Soil, Warra, Warra Tall Eucalypt
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Uncrewed Aircraft System (UAS) RGB and Multispectral Imagery Data - Calperum Mallee Site, 2022

This dataset contains RGB and multispectral imagery collected at TERN’s Calperum Mallee SuperSite during a field trial of an Uncrewed Aircraft System (UAS), conducted to assess the use of drone-based imagery for the TERN Drone project across existing and future TERN sites (AusPlots, SuperSites, and Cal/Val sites). Standardised TERN Ecosystem Surveillance Drone Data Collection and Data Processing protocols are used to collect drone imagery and to generate orthomosaics. The protocols developed in 2022 are based on the DJI Matrice 300 (M300) RTK drone platform. DJI Zenmuse P1 and MicaSense RedEdge-MX/Dual sensors are used with M300 to capture RGB and multispectral imagery simultaneously. The data is georeferenced using the DJI D-RTK2 base station and onboard GNSS RTK. In the processing workflow, the multispectral image positions (captured with navigation-grade accuracy) are interpolated using image timestamp and RGB image coordinates. Dense point clouds and the fine-resolution RGB smoothed surface were used to generate co-registered RGB (1 cm/pixel) and multispectral (5 cm/pixel) orthomosaics. Mission-specific metadata for each plot is provided in the imagery/metadata folder. The Drone Data Collection and RGB and Multispectral Imagery Processing protocols can be found at <em> https://www.tern.org.au/field-survey-apps-and-protocols/ </em>.

Tags: RPAS, UAS, drone, unoccupied aircraft systems
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
TGB Osborn (Koonamore) Vegetation Reserve, Senna Populations

The 2025 version is now superseded. Please find the 2026 version of this record here: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.25901/5wm1-px89">Adelaide University &amp; Specht, A. (2026). TGB Osborn (Koonamore) Vegetation Reserve, Senna Populations. Version 2.1. Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network. Dataset. </a>


In 1997, many very young <em>Senna</em> seedlings were noticed in the Cassia corner and outside the northern boundary fence. To study the effects of grazing on these seedlings outside the reserve, three populations were identified and measured to the north of the fence, and a fourth population just south of the fence in the Reserve, not otherwise enclosed. 

Two of the outside populations were enclosed in triangular fences, one with sheep netting to protect from grazing by sheep, the other with both sheep and rabbit netting to protect against both sheep and rabbits. A third population was left unprotected. The population inside the Reserve was assumed to be protected from all grazing by the Reserve fence. The aim was to follow the fates of the original cohort. 


This is version 2.1 of the Koonamore Senna Population data release.


Change log for the Senna seedling observations
<ul>
    <li><strong>V2.1, 2026-02-16</strong>; Specht, Miranda Fittock and Arun Singh Ramesh; Ensured dates recorded were in ISO format YYYY-MM-DD. The dataset was edited for accuracy, additions made to data set to comply with TERN standards.</li>
    <li><strong>V2, 2025-04-29</strong>; Alison Specht; Digitised and organised data files to comply with FAIR standards, aligning vocabularies with the TERN vocabularies and created comprehensive metadata.</li>
    <li><strong>V1, 2008-2014;</strong> Russell Sinclair; digitised field data sheets to be delivered to the AEKOS TERN portal. added required V1 metadata in the AEKOS portal</li>
</ul>

Tags: Enclosure, Flora, Grazing Exclusion Experiment, KVR, Long-term Monitoring, TGB Osborn Vegetation Reserve
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Silver Plains Flux Data Release 2024_v2

This release consists of flux tower measurements of the exchange of energy and mass between the surface and the atmospheric boundary-layer using eddy covariance techniques. Data were processed using PyFluxPro (v3.4.17) as described by Isaac et al. (2017). PyFluxPro produces a final, gap-filled product with Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) partitioned into Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER).

Silver Plains Flux Station was established in 2019 in Interlaken, on the Tasmanian Central Plateau, on land owned and managed by the Tasmanian Land Conservancy.

Tags: Silver Plains
Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery
Fractional Cover - MODIS, CSIRO algorithm

Vegetation Fractional Cover represents the exposed proportion of Photosynthetic Vegetation (PV), Non-Photosynthetic Vegetation (NPV) and Bare Soil (BS) within each pixel. The sum of the three fractions is 100% (+/- 3%) and shown in Red/Green/Blue colors. In forested canopies the photosynthetic or non-photosynthetic portions of trees may obscure those of the grass layer and/or bare soil. This product is derived from the MODIS Nadir BRDF-Adjusted Reflectance product (MCD43A4) collection 6 and has 500 meters spatial resolution. A suite of derivative products are also produced including monthly fractional cover, total vegetation cover (PV+NPV), and anomaly of total cover against the time series. Monthly: The monthly product is aggregated from the 8-day composites using the medoid method. Anomaly: represents the difference between total vegetation cover (PV+NPV) in a given month and the mean total vegetation cover for that month in all years available, expressed in units of cover. For example, if the mean vegetation cover in January (2001-current year) was 40% and the vegetation cover for the pixel in January 2018 was 30%, the anomaly for the pixel in Jan 2018 would be -10%. Decile: represents the ranking (in ten value intervals) for the total vegetation cover in a given month in relation to the vegetation cover in that month for all years in the time-series. MODIS fractional cover has been validated for Australia.

Organization: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network's Data Discovery