AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR 1VD grid

Gravity data measure small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This National Gravity Compilation 2019 DGIR 1VD grid is produced from the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series. These gravity data were acquired under the project No. 202008. The grid has a cell size of 0.00417 degrees (approximately 435m). The data are derived from ground observations stored in the Australian National Gravity Database (ANGD) as at September 2019, supplemented by offshore data sourced from v28.1 of the Global Gravity grid developed using data from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego. Out of the approximately 1.8 million gravity observations, nearly 1.4 million gravity stations in the ANGD together with marine data were used to generate this grid. The ground gravity data used in this grid has been acquired by the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments, the mining and exploration industry, universities and research organisations from the 1940's to the present day. Station spacing for ground observations varies from approximately 11 km down to less than 1 km, with major parts of the continent having station spacing between 2.5 and 7 km. The grid shows the first vertical derivative of the de-trended global isostatic residual anomalies (A series) over Australia and its continental margins. The original DGIR was obtained by subtracting 3 quantities (i.e., the near-field isostatic correction, the far-field isostatic correction, and a first order trend correction) from Complete Bouguer Anomaly data (CBA) of the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids A series. A first vertical derivative was calculated by applying a fast Fourier transform (FFT) process to the DGIR grid of the 2019 Australian National Gravity Grids to produce this grid.

Tags: 1vd, A series, Australia, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth sciences, GADDS2.0, NCI, None, Published_External, de-trended, first vertical derivative, geophysical survey, geophysics, grav, gravity, grid, ground digital data, isostatic, marine data, national, raster, residual, satellite data, survey 202008
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
First Acreage Release in Frontier Mentelle Basin

In 2010 the Australian Government offered for the first time a large exploration block for acreage release in the frontier Mentelle Basin. This large sedimentary basin (36, 000 m2) is located about 150 km to the west of Cape Leeuwin. It lies beneath the continental slope off the Yallingup Shelf and the Naturaliste Though, a bathymetric saddle, separating the Australian margin from the Naturaliste Plateau. Water depths range from 500-1500 on the continental slope to almost 4000 m in the central part of the Naturaliste Trough. 

To enable petroleum prospectivity assessment of this frontier basin in 2008-09 Geoscience Australia acquired 2570 km of industry standard seismic, as well as gravity and magnetic data during the Southwest Margins seismic survey 310. Interpretation of the new seismic data resulted in mapping of the main structures and supersequences and led to a better undertsanding of the Mentelle Basin geology.  

Petroleum prospectivity assessment of the Mentelle Basin confirmed that the Mentelle Basin has a significant potential to become a new petroleum province.  The work undertaken by Geoscience Australia team suggests that the Mentelle Basin has at least one active petroleum system. The basin is likely to contain multiple source rock intervals associated with coals and carbonaceous shales, as well as regionally extensive reservoirs and seals within fluvial, lacustrine and marine strata. A wide range of play types have been identified in the Mentelle Basin, including faulted anticlines and highside fault blocks, sub-basalt anticlines and fault blocks, drape and forced fold plays, and a large range of stratigraphic and unconformity plays.

Tags: AUSGeo News Article, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, continental margins, hydrocarbons, prospectivity, sedimentary basins
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
SI 1017 Varzin Passage to Merkara Shoal (HIPP) Bathymetry Acquisition (20230015S)

The  Varzin Passage to Merkara Shoal&nbsp;bathymetry survey was acquired for the Australian Hydrographic Office (AHO) during the period 4 Sep 2023 – 12 Apr 2024. This was a contracted survey conducted for the Australian Hydrographic Office by Fugro Australia as part of the Hydroscheme Industry Partnership Program. The survey area encompasses an area in Varzin Passage to Merkara Shoal. Bathymetry data was acquired using a LADS HD+, and processed using CARIS HIPS and SIPS, and QIMERA processing software. The dataset was then exported as a 30m resolution, 32 bit floating point GeoTIFF grid of the survey area.

This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes.

Tags: AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth Science | Oceans | Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography | Bathymetry, HVC_144641, LADS, Oceans, Offshore Mapping, Published_External, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, bathymetric grids, bathymetry, multibeam
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia's Maritime Zones Edition 4

This map supersedes the Australia's Maritime Zones/BoundariesMap Edition 3 by C.J. French, published in June 2006. Catalogue Number/GeoCat 63690.  

This map has been derived from Geoscience Australia's Australian Maritime Boundaries (AMB) version 2.0 data which is a digital representation of Australia's territorial sea baseline and the maritime limits and boundaries as established under the Sea and Submerged Lands Act 1973. 

On the 9 April 2008 the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf confirmed Australia's continental shelf limits. This edition shows those limits together with those areas yet to be resolved and the area off the Australian Antarctic Territory that Australia requested the commission not consider for the time being.

The map describes the different maritime zones, explains how Australia defines and updates its maritime boundaries, and lists the different maritime boundary arrangements with Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, France (New Calendonia and Kerguelen) and New Zealand.  It shows the extent of Australia's maritime boundaries, stretching from Heard and McDonald Islands in the west to Norfolk Island in the east, and from the Torres Strait and Arafura Sea in the north to the Australian Antarctic Territory in the south.

This map can be downloaded from the Web in PDF format.

Coverage: Australia
Currency: 2013 (web map)
Coordinates: Geographical
Projection: Bonne with 134E longitude and 30S at projection centre
Medium: Web delivery

Tags: Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Thematic Map, marine, marine jurisdiction
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Digital Earth Australia Intertidal

Intertidal environments contain many important ecological habitats such as sandy beaches, tidal flats, rocky shores, and reefs. These environments also provide many valuable benefits such as storm surge protection, carbon storage, and natural resources.&nbsp;

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Intertidal zones are being increasingly faced with threats including coastal erosion, land reclamation (e.g. port construction), and sea level rise. These regions are often highly dynamic, and accurate, up-to-date elevation data describing the changing topography and extent of these environments is needed. However, this data is expensive and challenging to map across the entire intertidal zone of a continent the size of Australia. &nbsp;

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The intertidal zone also forms a critical habitat and foraging ground for migratory shore birds and other species. An improved characterisation of the exposure patterns of these dynamic environments is important to support conservation efforts and to gain a better understanding of migratory species pathways. &nbsp;

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The <strong>DEA Intertidal </strong>product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-intertidal) provides annual continental -scale elevation and exposure products for Australia’s intertidal zone, mapped at a 10m resolution, from Digital Earth Australia’s archive of open-source Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite data. These intertidal products enable users to better monitor and understand some of the most dynamic regions of Australia’s coastlines.



<strong>Applications</strong>



   - Integration with existing topographic and bathymetric data to seamlessly map the elevation of the coastal zone.&nbsp;

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    - Providing baseline elevation data for predicting the impact of coastal hazards such as storm surges, tsunami inundation, or future sea-level rise.&nbsp;

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    - Investigating coastal erosion and sediment transport processes.&nbsp;

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   - Supporting habitat mapping and modelling for coastal ecosystems extending across the terrestrial to marine boundary.&nbsp;

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    - Characterisation of the spatio-temporal exposure patterns of the intertidal zone to support migratory species studies and applications.&nbsp;







Tags: Coastal, DEA, DEA – Digital Earth Australia , Digital Elevation Model, Earth and space science informatics, Exposure, Intertidal, Ocean and Coast, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Rift Evolution in the Capel and Faust Basins, Offshore Eastern Australia, and Implications for Regional Petroleum Prospectivity

The Capel and Faust basins are located on the northern Lord Howe Rise between eastern Australia and New Caledonia in water depths of 1300-2500 m. Under the Australian Government's New Petroleum (2003-2007) and Offshore Energy Security (2007-2011) programs, Geoscience Australia acquired new geological data including high quality 2D seismic data, high resolution multibeam bathymetry, gravity and magnetic data, and rock dredge samples. These data have been analysed and synthesised for a geological and petroleum prospectivity assessment of the area. Prior to this phase of data collection, geoscientific data was limited to regional seismic profiles acquired during the 1970s to 1990s, shiptrack potential field and bathymetric data, and one DSDP drill hole.

The interpretation of new data has improved definition of depocentres previously indicated by regional
satellite gravity data. The largest depocentres are approximately 150 km long and 40 km wide. Seismic data suggest that the basin fill attains a maximum total thickness of over 6 km and consists of two syn rift and one sag megasequence packages, overlying a pre rift basement. The basement includes an older (?Mesozoic) sedimentary succession and a possible rift precursor volcanic succession. The early syn rift megasequence (Syn rift 1) is inferred to be dominated by Early Cretaceous (or older) volcanics and volcaniclastic sediments. It may also include coaly and lacustrine sediments. The late syn rift megasequence (Syn rift 2) is likely to be dominated by Late Cretaceous non marine clastic sediments, with localised volcanics and coal. The upper part of this megasequence was deposited under increasingly marine influence and is likely to include deltaic and shoreline sandstones. The post rift megasequence is essentially a Late Cretaceous to Recent deepeningupward marine succession that becomes increasingly calcareous and fine grained.

Presented to the Australian Earth Sciences Convention (AESC) 4 - 8th July 2010

Tags: Abstract, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, continental margins, marine, petroleum geology, sedimentary basins, stratigraphy, structural geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Implications of Australian seismic and gravity measurements for the structure and composition of the upper mantle

In a previous paper densities of crustal layers were inferred from seismic refraction surveys in Australia and surrounding marine areas. These indicated substantial variations in crustal mass. As the free-air gravity field does not show anomalies corresponding to these, it is inferred that compensating mass variations must occur in the upper mantle. Sub-crustal mantle densities, inferred from Pn velocities, in general do not provide the required mantle mass distribution; however in some parts of the continent observed increases in seismic velocity at depths of 60 to 100 km suggest density changes which would lead to approximate compensation at about 130 km depth, corresponding to the top of a low-velocity layer suggested by surface wave studies. Marine crustal masses are reasonably close to a common value, but the wide variation of Pn velocities implies a corresponding variation of densities which would counteract this compensation if they persisted in depth. It is suggested that the Pn velocities represent comparatively thin layers, and that deeper density changes occur so that compensation takes place at 80 to 100 km, at the top of the sub-oceanic asthenosphere. The West Australian shield has the highest crustal mass, and also the highest Pn velocity, which implies a further relative increase in mass with depth. If the sub-shield mantle is assumed to consist of refractory peridotite with a relatively low density corresponding to its Pn velocity, the discrepancy in crustal mass with respect to the other areas is reduced with increasing depth, but is still not eliminated at depths less than about 160 km. This suggests that the sub-shield mantle above this depth has enough strength to support the differential pressure associated with the excess crustal mass. This conclusion is in accordance with other evidence, suggesting that sub-shield or sub-continental mantle differs from sub-oceanic mantle to depths of several hundreds of kilometres, and hence that the return flow compensating for plate-tectonic motions cannot take place at depths of 100 to 200 km, as often supposed.

Tags: AUS, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Fossil shell stories (primary)

Fossil shells can tell us about past environments. This video presents examples of shell fossils that help us to understand where oceans were located in Australia millions of years ago. The shells lived in shallow marine environments before they died and became part of the rocks formed from sand and silt at the bottom of the water. Brachiopods from Woolshed Creek in Canberra and a large spiral shell from the Nullarbor Plain are showcased along with an elevation map of Australia.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Educational Product, Fossils, Published_External, classroom resource, education, video
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Subsidence and thermal history modelling:new insights into hydrocarbon expulsion from multiple petroleum systems in the Browse Basin

Subsidence and thermal history analysis of 31wells and 25 depocentre sites has been undertaken to examine the generation and expulsion history of Jurassic and Early Cretaceous petroleum systems in the Browse Basin. The models incorporate new palaeo-bathymetric estimates of the deepwater post-Valanginian to Early Tertiary succession based on seismic geometries and detailed benthic foraminiferal data, as well as new kerogen kinetic data for multiple potential source units.

The models suggest multiple effective source units for gas expulsion in the basin, whereas effective oil charge is largely restricted to the Heywood Graben in the northeast, and the rift section in the deepwater Serringapatam Sub-basin. Significant quantities of oil are modelled to have been expelled from Jurassic sediments (Plover and Lower Vulcan formations) in the Heywood Graben during the Tertiary and Late Tertiary, respectively. These charges are likely to have sourced the thick palaeo-oil columns interpreted at Heywood-1 and Crux-1.

Modelled oil expulsion in the deepwater Seringapatam Sub-basin is highly sensitive to the organic richness and quality of interpreted Jurassic rift sediments. Provided these units contain good quality source rocks comparable to those within Jurassic rifts elsewhere on the North West Shelf, then significant quantities of oil and gas are modelled to have been expelled from this graben during the Late Tertiary. Evidence of such an oil charge may be provided by thin zones of elevated GOI data in Jurassic reservoirs at North Scott Reef-1, Scott Reef-2A and Brecknock-1, all located on a major anticlinal trend inboard of the Seringapatam graben.

Regional models of the recently identified, oil-prone, Early Cretaceous (Echuca Shoals Formation) petroleum system suggest that these rocks have not expelled significant volumes of oil. However, organic-rich sediments within this succession occur as thin transgressive sheets deposited in response to fluctuating sea level on a gently inclined ramp margin, and thus higher-resolution sequence stratigraphic models are required to more accurately assess their local expulsion history. Local effective oil charge from these sources is confirmed by the Cornea, Gwydion-1 and Caswell-2 accumulations.

The expulsion models highlight the importance of Late Tertiary carbonate clinoforms in controlling the generation and expulsion history of effective source rocks in the Browse Basin. The rapid progradation of these carbonates is likely to cause an outward-migrating compaction wave that forces expelled fluids and hydrocarbons to outboard areas. This mechanism may apply elsewhere on the North West Shelf where carbonate clinoforms are similarly well developed, and could provide new exploration opportunities in outboard areas.

Tags: AU-WA, Conference Paper, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, hydrocarbons, marine, petroleum geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
South-west Corner and Perth Canyon Marine Park Surveys Bathymetry Acquisition (20220011S)

The South-west Corner and Perth Canyon Marine Parks Bathymetry Acquisition was acquired by the&nbsp;Minderoo-UWA Deep-Sea Research Centre of the University of Western Australia on-board the MV Pangaea Ocean Explorer&nbsp;from the 24th of March to the 05th of April 2022, using a Kongsberg EM304 multibeam sonar. 

The survey was led by Dr. Todd Bond and the collected data were processed by Dr. Yakup Niyazi.

This dataset contains a 64m-resolution and four 128m-resolution 32-bit floating point GeoTIFF files of the bathymetry in the study area, derived from the processed EM304 bathymetry data, using QPS Qimera v.2.5 software. This dataset is not to be used for navigational purposes. This dataset is published with the permission of the CEO, Geoscience Australia.

Tags: AusSeabed, Australia-wide geoscience data, EARTH SCIENCES, Earth Science | Oceans | Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography | Bathymetry, HVC_144641, Oceans, Offshore Mapping, Published_External, Resourcing Australia’s Prosperity, bathymetric grids, bathymetry, multibeam
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Geoscience Australia Bathymetry Compilations

This dataset represents the current extent of bathymetry compilation products delivered by Geoscience Australia as of June 2019. Compilation products have been generated from numerous data sources including survey data, lidar, interpolation and other depth data. Each polygon shows the extent of the compilation dataset, and attributes contain information regarding data sources, product details and access methods. Contributing individual survey data can be found in the AusSeabed Bathymetry Holdings dataset.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Published_External, bathymetry
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Sequence analysis and depositional models of crinoidal limestones, Permian Yessabah Limestone, Manning-Macleay Basin, eastern Australia

The Permian Yessabah Limestone, a thick crinoidal limestone unit, appears abruptly in the stratigraphic succession over a large area of the Hastings Block in northeastern New South Wales, disconformably overlying clastic rocks with sharply contrasting facies associations. The formation is part of a thick depositional sequence that began with a major sea-level fall at the end of the Carboniferous. The sea-level fall produced a major basinward shift in facies causing rejuvenation of streams and the deposition of braided-stream gravels in the onshore areas while a mass-movement association, the Parrabel Beds, was deposited offshore in the deep basin (the lowstand systems tract). The Yessabah Limestone was deposited as part of the transgressive systems tract in a shallow-marine high-energy environment as sea level again began to rise. The highstand systems tract then prograded over the Yessabah Limestone in the form of a distal turbidite association , the Warbro Formation and associated units, as sea level reached its maximum. The growth of both crinoids and bryozoa was prolific; their two distinctive faunal assemblages alternately dominated the sea floor, producing thick units of well-washed crinoid-rich limestone followed by a bryozoan-rich unit. As sea level rose, conditions became unsuitable for carbonate deposition and the area was again invaded by clastic sediments, forming a distal turbidite association that prograded across the limestones as part of the highstand systems tract.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, NSW, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Physical Surrogates for Macrofaunal Distributions and Abundance in a Tropical Gulf

The characterisation of benthic habitats based on their abiotic (physical and chemical) attributes remains poorly defined in the marine environment, but is becoming increasingly central in the development of marine management plans in Australia and elsewhere in the world. The current study tested this link between physical and biological datasets for the southern Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia. The results presented were based on a range of physical factors, including the sediment composition (grain size and carbonate content), sediment mobility, water depth and organic carbon flux, and their relationship to the distribution and diversity of benthic macrofauna was tested. The results reveal the importance of process-based indices, such as sediment mobility, in addition to other environmental factors in defining the distribution of the benthic macrofauna. The distribution of the benthic macrofauna changes gradationally across the south-eastern Gulf, associated with changes in the per cent mud and gravel, the seabed exposure and the water depth. Patterns of diversity also reveal the importance of physical processes such as sediment mobility in defining benthic habitats. The species' environment relationships observed at the small scale of the current study are consistent with broader associations observed for other organisms within the Gulf.

Tags: AU-SA, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, abiotic surrogates, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Jervis Bay Multibeam 2 Survey (GA-0305) - High Resolution Bathymetry Grid

The Jervis Bay Multibeam 2 survey, was acquired by Geoscience Australia after the purchase of the new shallow bathymetry acquisition systems Kongsberg EM3002D. This system is a mobile and compact system that can be installed on different vessels. This survey was acquired by the DSTO vessel, RV Kimbla during the 31st of May to the 5 of June 2008. The survey location was in Jervis Bay.
The aim of the survey was to test the new bathymetry acquisition system and to acquire geophysical data on the shallow water (less than 100m water depth) seabed environment. The bathymetry grids are of 1m resolution projected in Easting and Northing WGS84 UTM 56S

Tags: AU-ACT, AU-NSW, Bathymetry Grid, Earth Sciences, Marine Data, NERP, Published_External, bathymetry, continental shelf, marine, marine survey
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data