AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction around Australia 2020

Map showing Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction around the Australian Continent, not including Cocos Island, subantarctic territories or the AAT. Updated in April 2021 from "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction around Australia" GeoCat 81641 to conform with "Australian Maritime Boundaries 2020" data by Geoscience Australia.
One of the 27 constituent maps of the "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction Map Series" (GeoCat 71789).

Depicting Australia's continental shelf  as proclaimed in the "Seas and Submerged Lands (Limits of Continental Shelf) Proclamation 2012" established under the "Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973".  Background bathymetric image is derived from a combination of the 2009 9 arc second bathymetric and topographic grid by GA and a grid by Smith and Sandwell, 1997. Background land imagery derived from Blue Marble, NASA's Earth Observatory.

A0 sized .pdf downloadable from the web.

For public web access only.

For further advice contact Director Georegulation Team : maritime@ga.gov.au

Tags: Administrative Boundaries, Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Marine Jurisdiction, Published_External, Thematic Map, bathymetry, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Climatic Variability in the Southwest Pacific during the Last Termination

The degree to which palaeoclimatic changes in the Southern Hemisphere co-varied with events in the high latitude Northern Hemisphere during the Last Termination is a contentious issue, with conflicting evidence for the degree of `teleconnection' between different regions of the Southern Hemisphere. The available hypotheses are difficult to test robustly, however, because there are few detailed palaeoclimatic records in the Southern Hemisphere. Here we present climatic reconstructions from the southwestern Pacific, a key region in the Southern Hemisphere because of the potentially important role it plays in global climate change. The reconstructions for the period 20-10 kyr BP were obtained from five sites along a transect from southern New Zealand, through Australia to Indonesia, supported by 125 calibrated 14C ages. Two periods of significant climatic change can be identified across the region at around 17 and 14.2 cal kyr BP, most probably associated with the onset of warming in the West Pacific Warm Pool and the collapse of Antarctic ice during Meltwater Pulse-1A, respectively. The severe geochronological constraints that inherently afflict age models based on radiocarbon dating and the lack of quantified climatic parameters make more detailed interpretations problematic, however. There is an urgent need to address the geochronological limitations, and to develop more precise and quantified estimates of the pronounced climate variations that clearly affected this region during the Last Termination.

Tags: Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, climate, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Browse Basin Cretaceous and Cenozoic surface grids

Geoscience Australia completed a regional assessment of the geological carbon dioxide (CO2) storage potential and petroleum prospectivity of the Browse Basin, offshore northwest Australia. This dual-purpose basin analysis study provided a new understanding of the basin’s Cretaceous succession based on new information regarding basin evolution, sequence stratigraphy, structural architecture and petroleum systems. The basin’s tectonostratigraphic framework was updated, and the integration of revised and recalibrated biostratigraphic data with well log and seismic interpretations has enabled an improved understanding of variations in depositional facies and the spatial distribution of reservoir, seal, and source rock sections. The outputs include models and maps of environments of deposition, play fairways, common risk element maps for regional-scale assessment of CO2 storage potential and petroleum systems model (Abbott et al., 2016; Edwards et al., 2015, 2016; Grosjean et al., 2015; Palu et al., 2017a and b; Rollet et al., 2016b, 2017a,b, 2018).


This data pack includes 12 Cretaceous and Cenozoic horizons, and the regional fault maps produced from this study. This interpretation is based on data from 60 wells (Table 1) and 26 regional 2D and 3D seismic reflection surveys (Table 2) (Rollet et al., 2016a). Surfaces were converted from TWT to depth and integrated in a 3D geological model as input into a petroleum systems model (Palu et al., 2017a, b). 

Data layers include:

12 regional depth surface grids and arcmap files generated for key Cretaceous and Cenozoic horizons (Figure 1; Table 3): K10.0_SB (late Tithonian), K20.0_SB (Valanginian), K30.0_SB (Late Hauterivian), K40.0_SB (Aptian), K50.0_SB (Late Cenomanian), K60.0_SB (Early Campanian), K65.0_SB (Maastrichtian), T10.0_SB (Base Cenozoic), T24.0_SB (Ypresian), T30.0_SB (Rupelian), T33.0_SB (Aquitanian) and water bottom based on bathymetry after Whiteway (2009),

2 fault population shapefiles (Figure 2): polygon envelop of shallow faults that formed during the Cenozoic collision between Australia and Asia, and horizon fault boundaries of deep regional faults that were formed through the Permian to Cretaceous.

Tags: Barcoo Sub-basin, Browse Basin, Caswell Sub-basin, Cenozoic, Cretaceous, EARTH SCIENCES, Heywood Graben, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Generating Continental Scale Pixel-Based Surface Reflectance Composites in Coastal Regions with the Use of a Multi-Resolution Tidal Model

Generating continental-scale pixel composites in dynamic coastal and estuarine environments presents a unique challenge as the application of a temporal or seasonal approach to composite generation is confounded by tidal influences. We demonstrate how this can be resolved using an approach to compositing that provides robust composites of multi-type environments. In addition to the visual aesthetics of the images created, we demonstrate the utility of these composites for further interpretation and analysis. This is enabled by the manner in which our approach captures the spatial variation in tidal dynamics through the use of a Voronoi mesh, and preserves the band relationships within the modelled spectra at each pixel. Case studies are presented which include continental-scale mosaics of the Australian coastline at high and low tide and tailored examples demonstrating the potential of the tidally constrained composites to address a range of coastal change detection and monitoring applications. We conclude with a discussion on the potential applications of the composite products and method in the coastal and marine environment, as well as further development directions for our tidal modelling framework.

<b>Citation:</b> Sagar, S.; Phillips, C.; Bala, B.; Roberts, D.; Lymburner, L. Generating Continental Scale Pixel-Based Surface Reflectance Composites in Coastal Regions with the Use of a Multi-Resolution Tidal Model. <i>Remote Sens</i>. 2018, 10, 480. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10030480

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, Landsat, change detection, coastal, pixel=based composites, tidal
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction off Southwestern Western Australia

Map showing Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction off Southwestern Western Australia.
One of the 27 constituent maps of the "Australia's Maritime Jurisdiction Map Series" (GeoCat 71789).
Depicting Australia's extended continental shelf approved by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in April 2008 and various maritime zones.  Background bathymetric image is derived from a combination of the 2009 9 arc second bathymetric and topographic grid by GA and a grid by Smith and Sandwell, 1997. Background land imagery derived from Blue Marble, NASA's Earth Observatory.
A0 sized .pdf downloadable from the web.

Tags: AU-WA, Administrative Boundary, Earth Sciences, Published_External, Thematic Map, administrative boundaries, bathymetry, marine, marine jurisdiction
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
A reconnaissance investigation of the major Palaeozoic aquifers in the Canning Basin, Western Australia, in relation to Zn-Pb mineralisation

The Canning Basin is a large sedimentary basin with an onshore area of 430 000 km2.  It has a thick, discontinuous succession of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic marine and continental sedimentary rocks covered by Cainozoic surficial sediments.  It contains several Zn-Pb sulphide deposits of Mississippi Valley type, mainly in the Lennard Shelf and along the Admiral Bay Fault. To provide a framework for understanding the mechanism of this mineralisation, we made a reconnaissance study of the Palaeozoic aquifers, based on an analysis of data from 30 oil exploration wells.  The major Palaeozoic aquifers in the basin are the Early Permian Poole Sandstone, the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian Grant Group, and the Devonian Tandalgoo Sandstone.  These aquifers have a complex structure owing to tectonic and erosional effects, and they are interconnected with the younger and shallower aquifers. The general direction of groundwater flow in the Palaeozoic aquifers is from the southeast toward the west and northwest. Groundwater velocity is in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 m y-1, and temperature ranges from 30 to 83Â°C, Groundwater salinity is low at the margins of the basin, but increases with depth and along the flow lines . Our study suggests that the present hydrogeological regime is basically different from those active in the Silurian to Permian, the interval during which the Zn-Pb deposits are considered to have formed.  Compaction-driven and gravity-driven fluid-flow models for the formation of the Zn-Pb deposits are considered.  A geopressured zone encountered in one location is evidence that the ore-forming fluids could have been generated in deeper parts of the basin, and expelled by compaction into shale-enclosed sandstone lenses. These geopressured lenses could subsequently have been faulted, and the potential ore-forming fluids released. There is insufficient information on the tectonics, palaeotopography, and age of the mineralisation to assess the gravity-driven fluid flow-modeL

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Journal, Published_External, WA
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australian National Gravity Data Collection

Gravity data measure small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The gravity data collection contains both onshore and offshore data acquired on geophysical surveys conducted by Commonwealth, State &amp; NT Governments and the private sector. 

<b>Value: </b>Gravity used to infer (model) the presence and position of different rock types in the subsurface. Used in resource assessment 

<b>Scope: </b>Australia continent and some data from marine surveys in region

Tags: DC2020, EARTH SCIENCES, Geophysics, Gravimetrics, Gravity, Gravity Digital Data, Grid, Ground Gravity, HVC - High Value Collection, HVC_144634, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Lithofacies distribution in relation to the geomorphic provinces of Prydz Bay, East Antarctica

Over the past 15 years, Japanese, Australian and Russian expeditions to Prydz Bay have collected about 30 000 kilometrs of bathymetric data, 6 000 kilometres of sidescan sonar dat and more than 250 sediment grab and core samples. These data were used in the present study to compile surficail sediment, bathymetric and geomorphological maps of the Prydz Bay region.

Tags: AQ, Antarctic data, Earth Sciences, External Publication, Published_External, Scientific Journal Paper, geomorphology, marine, sedimentary basins
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Beach sands investigation: an investigation of the variations in the composition of heavy mineral concentrates in the Broadbeach recreational area and of the thoria content of the monazite in the area

Results are given of investigations carried out to detect any variation in the relative proportions of the several heavy minerals in heavy concentrates separated out from beach sands of the Broadbeach Recreational Area. The possible variation of the thoria content of monazite in the area is also investigated. Results indicate a systematic variation from east to west in the proportion of Zircon, rutile and ilmenite in the concentrates. The thoria content of the monazite in the area is shown to be constant within experimental limits.

Tags: AU-QLD, Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, coasts, marine, mineral deposits, petrology, radiometrics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
DEA Coastal Ecosystems

Mapping coastal ecosystems is vital for understanding, managing, and protecting the diverse habitats that line our shorelines. These ecosystems—ranging from mangroves and saltmarshes to seagrass meadows and coral reefs—provide essential environmental services, including carbon storage, coastal protection, and habitat for marine biodiversity. From an economic standpoint, they sustain industries such as fisheries and tourism while reducing costs associated with coastal erosion and storm damage. Accurate and comprehensive mapping underpins management, restoration, and conservation efforts, allowing planners to identify priority areas, monitor ecological change, and assess the effectiveness of interventions.



Achieving this at a continental scale, however, poses significant challenges. Traditional methods such as field surveys, aerial photography, and local-scale sampling are costly, labour-intensive, and constrained in spatial and temporal scope—limitations that are particularly relevant in a country as vast and remote as Australia. Earth Observation (EO) provides an efficient and consistent alternative, allowing large-scale, high-resolution, and repeatable mapping through the use of publicly available satellite imagery.



The&nbsp;<strong>Digital Earth Australia (DEA) Coastal Ecosystems</strong>&nbsp;product suite (https://knowledge.dea.ga.gov.au/data/product/dea-coastal-ecosystems/) is the first national dataset to simultaneously map Australia’s mangrove, saltmarsh, intertidal, and intertidal seagrass ecosystems at 10 m resolution, using annual time-series of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery for consistent mapping at a continental scale.&nbsp;





<strong>Applications</strong>



- National Environmental Ecosystem Accounts

- National and Regional State of the Environment reporting

- A complementary mapping product to fill spatial and temporal gaps in higher resolution expert mapping (aerial and drone mapping, field surveys)

- Future integration with other terrestrial and ocean data sets (e.g. Land Cover and Marine Tenure)

- Coastal protection and Hazard modelling





Tags: Coastal Habitats, Digital Earth Australia, Earth Observation, Earth and space science informatics, Ecosystem Mapping, Intertidal, Machine Learning, Published_External
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Australian petroleum accumulations report. Amadeus Basin, central Australia

Three economic (1 oil and gas/condensate, 1 gas/condensate, and 1 gas) and fourteen uneconomic (6 oil, 7 gas, and 1 oil/gas) petroleum accumulations have been discovered since 1963 in the Amadeus Basin of central Australia.

The petroleum in the Amadeus Basin mainly occupies the structural, fold- related traps within the Upper Proterozoic to Upper Ordovician marine to marginal marine clastic and evaporitic sequences.  It is believed to be of algal/bacterial origin.  The API gravity ranges from 18 to 54o for crude oils, and from 52 to 64o for condensates; gases are dry and wet.

The basin's estimated petroleum resources as at 31 December 1985 comprise 5.74 x 106m3 of oil, 1.53 x 106m3 of natural-gas liquids, and 14.93 x 109m3 of sales gas.

Production from Mereenie (oil) and Palm Valley (gas/condensate) accumulations commenced during 1984.  Up to 31 December 1985 the cumulative production from the basin stood at 156.3 x 103m3 of oil and condensate, and 44.0 x 106m3 of sales gas.  The gas/condensate is transported 146 km to Alice Springs through a 20-cm-diameter pipeline; the oil is transported 269 km to Alice Springs through a 20cm pipeline and from there by rail tankers to Adelaide refinery.  As from February 1987 gas from Palm Valley will also be transported to Darwin via a 1537-km pipeline of 35.3 cm diameter.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Report, petroleum exploration, petroleum geology
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Oil and Gas Pipelines of Australia

This data set contains information on Oil and Gas pipeline infrastructure. This dataset has been converted from Microstation format used in a map "Petroleum Exploration and Development Titles" published annually in APRIL. Attributes have been added to comply with data standards and minor coding of line work has been achieved using annotation from the map. Further data has been added, specifically for the specific Acreage Release Areas.

Tags: AU, National dataset, Petroleum Data, Petroleum and Coal Geology, Published_External, Wells, dataset, hydrocarbons, marine, natural gas
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Backscatter grid of Lord Howe Island

Geoscience Australia carried out a marine survey on Lord Howe Island shelf (NSW) in 2008 (SS062008) to map seabed bathymetry and characterise benthic environments through colocated sampling of surface sediments and infauna, rock coring, observation of benthic habitats using underwater towed video, and measurement of ocean tides and wavegenerated currents. Subbottom profile data was also collected to map sediment thickness and shelf stratigraphy. Data and samples were acquired using the National Facility Research Vessel Southern Surveyor. Bathymetric data from this survey was merged with other preexisting bathymetric data (including LADS) to generate a grid covering 1034 sq km. As part of a separate Geoscience Australia survey in 2007 (TAN0713), an oceanographic mooring was deployed on the northern edge of Lord Howe Island shelf. The mooring was recovered during the 2008 survey following a 6 month deployment.

lh_back_8m is a backscatter grid of the Lord Howe survey area produced from the processed EM300 backscatter data of the survey area using the CMST-GA MB Process.

Tags: AU-NSW, Backscatter Grid, CERF, Marine Data, Marine Geoscience, Published_External, abiotic surrogates, backscatter, marine
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Treaty with Timor-Leste - Australian Maritime Boundaries

Geoscience Australia has the primary role in the delineation of Australia's domestic and international maritime limits and boundaries. An output of this activity is the development of the Australian Maritime Boundaries (AMB) database. The current epoch of this database is 2019.  It differs from previous epochs by including the Treaty information relevant to the maritime boundary treaty ratified with Timor-Leste on 30 August 2019. 

This data product contains the digital representation of the treaty between Australia and Timor-Leste.
AMB data is published by Geoscience Australia in consultation with other relevant Commonwealth Government agencies including the Attorney-General's Department, the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the Australian Hydrographic Office..

Data coordinates are supplied in the GDA94 datum. Treaties with Timor-Leste - Australian Maritime Boundaries Dataset 2019 will be accessible via the Australian Maritime Spatial Information System (AMSIS) (http://www.ga.gov.au/scientific-topics/marine/jurisdiction/amsis). 
Product Specifications Coverage: Australia and Territories, current September 2019. 

Coordinates: Geographical Datum: GDA94 (operationally equivalent to WGS84). 

Format: ESRI Geodatabase and Shapefile. 

The geographical extent is approximately between the latitude limits of 9.5 S to 11.5 S and the longitude limits 126 E to 128.5 E. 
This dataset includes the following disclaimers: AMB data is a digital representation of the international maritime boundary treaties of Australia. In the event of an inconsistency between AMB data and the limits under the various treaties, the latter prevails.

Tags: EARTH SCIENCES, HVC_144653, Published_External, Timor Treaty, Timor-Leste, Treaties
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data
Vulcan Sub-Basin, Timor Sea Survey 97 : High Resolution Seismic Reflection Profiling and Direct Hydrocarbon Detection (Vulcan I) : Post-cruise Report : Project 121.19

The objectives of Project 121.19 were: To understand the deep crustal architecture, the structural reactivation processes and the mechanisms of hydrocarbon generation, migration and entrapment within the Vulcan Sub-Basin, Timor Sea. To achieve the aims of the project, two surveys (Vulcan I &amp; II) were conducted between October and December 1990. This report summarises the results of the Vulcan Sub-Basin I Survey (Survey 97), which focussed on the high resolution seismic and geochemical component of Project 121.19 (i.e. the structural reactivation, hydrocarbon generation and migration theme).  The Timor Sea program achieved most of its objectives. The seismic data should, when processed, allow a much better understanding of the nature of the fault reactivation processes in the area. In addition, strike lines run along the Londonderry High show that near-vertical faults appear to correspond with the position of transfer faults which have been inferred from our interpretation of BMR's Timor Sea aeromagnetic data. The geochemical program identified a number of significant hydrocarbon anomalies in the area. The anomalies fell predominantly into two groups. One group was located over, and to the north-east to south-east of the Skua Field, while the other group was associated with transfer faulting, and a major aeromagnetic high, on the edge of the Vulcan Sub-Basin, south-east of Montara 1.

Tags: Earth Sciences, GA Publication, Published_External, Record, hydrocarbons, marine, marine survey, seismics
Organization: Geoscience Australia Data