AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Diffuse total nitrogen inputs into waters, modelled values

Nitrogen inputs into waters represent an undesirable pollution load. Under the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR), Switzerland agreed to reduce the nitrogen load flowing into the Rhine from Switzerland by 50% of 1985 levels. This target has not yet been met. A total of some 48,000 tonnes of nitrogen enter Swiss waters every year from diffuse sources. Intensively farmed arable land, particularly drained areas, is responsible for high inputs.</p><p>The nitrogen inputs into waters have been analysed by the MODIFFUS material flux model for all the diffuse input sources (arable land, permanent grassland, forest, glaciers, urban green space etc.) and their pathways (soil erosion, leaching, run-off, drainage, atmospheric deposition etc.). The map shows the total input for each land use category in the hectare grid, based on the 2013/18 land use statistics. Average climatic conditions are used and the reference year is 2020. </p><p> These modelled values are not equivalent to values measured in the waters because they do not take into account the conversion and deposition processes, both on land and in the waters themselves. The results are interpretable for hydrological or administrative units over 50 km² in size, but not for single pixels.
Diffuse dissolved phosphorus inputs into waters, modelled values

Phosphorus inputs into waters represent an undesirable pollution load. Over recent decades high inputs of dissolved phosphorus have led to eutrophication of the lakes of the central plateau. A total of some 740 tonnes of dissolved phosphorus enter Swiss waters every year from diffuse sources. Intensively used grassland on hillsides is responsible for high inputs. </p><p>The dissolved phosphorus inputs into waters have been analysed by the MODIFFUS material flux model for all the diffuse input sources (arable land, permanent grassland, forest, glaciers, urban green space etc.) and their pathways (leaching, run-off, drainage, atmospheric deposition etc.). The map shows the total input for each land use category in the hectare grid, based on the 2013/18 land use statistics. Average climatic conditions are used and the reference year is2020. </p><p> These modelled values are not equivalent to values measured in the waters because they do not take into account the conversion and deposition processes, both on land and in the waters themselves. The results are interpretable for hydrological or administrative units over 50 km² in size, but not for single pixels
Minergie

Since 1998 Minergie is the Swiss building label standing for comfort, efficiency and value conservation. The trade mark is mutually supported by the economy, the Swiss Cantons and the Swiss Federation and is protected against misuse. The main aim is to reach a high comfort of living and working for building users, in new as well as in modernized older buildings. In doing so the combination of a high-quality building shell with systematic air renewal plays a special role.Furthermore, Minergie buildings distinguish themselves with a very low energy demand and a maximal share of renewable energies. The required level of building quality is quantified by its specific energy consumption per square meter of energy consumption area (Energy Reference Area ERA). The three established building labels Minergie, Minergie-P and Minergie-A ensure highest quality and efficiency already during the planning phase. The label Minergie for very low energy buildings addresses itself to building owners and planners with above average demands to quality, comfort and energy. Minergie-P indicates lowest energy buildings and meet highest demands to quality, comfort and energy. Particularly because of an outstanding building shell. Minergie-A combines highest demands to quality and comfort with maximum energetic independence, due to big photovoltaic systems, batteries and load management. The three building labels are supplemented with three freely combinable supplement products: ECO considers the topics health and construction ecology. MQS Construction addresses itself to building owners and planners that want to assure the ambitious requirements during the construction phase are actually met. MQS operation optimizes the utilization of the building equipment and appliances and thereby guarantees maximum comfort. In Switzerland, currently more than 39,600 buildings have been granted the Minergie certificate, more than 3,600 buildings have been certified as Minergie-P buildings and more than 550 buildings have been granted the Minergie-A certificate.
Emergency calls by comune

An emergency call is a call with a three digit short number of the emergency service selected by the caller: European emergency service 112; police, emergency call 117; fire, alarm center 118; Friendly Hand 143; ambulance, emergency call 144; telephone help for children and young 147. An emergency call can be done from a fixed, mobile or satellite network. In each comune the emergency call 1XX must be routed to a precise alarm center of the competent emergency service. A routing number is assigned to each emergency call service 1XX. Some communes can be divided in different parts having different routing numbers for all or some of the emergency call services. They can also have different alarm centers. They are called special territories. This map allows to identify for each Swiss comune and for special territories the routing numbers and alarm centers for all emergency calls 1XX done over a fixed network, a mobile network or a satellite network. Special territories are identified on the map with a specific color.
Aerial Images swisstopo infrared

The aerial imagery catalogue of swisstopo includes several hundred thousand analogue aerial photographs (in colour, infrared, or black and white). They are represented by the centre-image coordinates, the image footprint, as well as by their metadata (including orientation elements, if available). If already digitised, the images can be downloaded and viewed in full resolution. Missing scans of the images are gradually being added and made directly available.As part of the Sanasilva programme to record the health of forests, lines were engraved directly onto some original aerial photographs. According to the commissioning party at the time, these markings were used in the evaluation to distinguish between different tree populations – i.e. populations of the same age and/or with the same species composition.
Aerial images swisstopo oblique

About 4,000 black and white oblique aerial photos form a small part of the image collection of swisstopo. There are snapshots of small towns and photos of the atmosphere in the pre-alpine and alpine regions, which were taken during the regular aerial surveys. There are also photos as documentation of natural events and important buildings. In addition to this, numerous stereo recordings were made, covering larger areas in the lowlands, but also details of rock formations. For the positioning of the recordings only the coordinates of the image centre were calculated. Of the approximately 4000 oblique aerial photos over 2,000 are now accessible (June 2018).
Aerial Images swisstopo b / w

The aerial imagery catalogue of swisstopo comprises around 360’000 analogue aerial photographs (black and white, colour or infrared colour). About 280’00 aerial images are represented by the centre-image coordinates, the image footprint as well as the attributed metadata and 265‘000 images of the collection have already been digitalised and can be viewed in their full resolution (as of October 2018). The remaining scanned images will be continuously integrated over the coming years. The aerial images can be ordered as digital files. If available, the orientation elements of the aerial images can be delivered as well.
Ladestellen für Elektroautos

Die Elektromobilität ist eine Schlüsseltechnologie für eine nachhaltigere Mobilität und trägt zur Erreichung ambitionierter energie- und klimapolitischer Ziele bei. Elektroantriebe sind effizient und der Einsatz von Strom erlaubt die Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien. ich-tanke-strom.ch zeigt die Verfügbarkeit von Ladestellen für Elektrofahrzeuge in Echtzeit an. Aktuell werden die Ladestationen der grössten Ladenetzwerke angezeigt. Das BFE lädt weitere interessierte Anbietende von öffentlichen Ladestationen für Elektrofahrzeuge ein, sich anzuschliessen.
Charging demand scenarios

What charging infrastructure for plug-in electric vehicles will we need tomorrow? And where exactly? This can only be answered by knowing the future charging requirements. The “charging demand scenarios” provide this information for each Swiss municipality and thus facilitate planning. The “charging demand scenarios” break down Switzerland's future charging demand into each individual municipality. The tool thus goes one step further than the “Understanding charging infrastructure 2050” study on which it is based. This opens up new opportunities for municipalities, charging network operators, distribution network operators and the real estate industry to plan, invest and make decisions on a data-driven basis. It provides information on where charging points will be in demand in the future, how powerful they need to be and how much energy they require. 
The most important parameters are presented in maps: Among other things, they show how many plug-in electric vehicles can be expected in a specific municipality and how many generally accessible charging points will be needed. The key year is 2035, because by then plug-in electric vehicles will account for more than half of all registered vehicles. The data can be downloaded as geopackage files (.gpkg). 
All raw data (.csv file) from the “Understanding charging infrastructure 2050” study is also available, such as the performance and density of the charging network, the cumulative installed capacity of charging infrastructure and new car registrations. The data extends in five-year increments up to the year 2050 and is suitable for our own calculations. The assumptions for the various charging worlds are based on a stakeholder process underlying the “Understanding charging infrastructure 2050” tool. It represents the current industry consensus of various user groups and is updated regularly. The simulated data is the result of algorithms and the EBP model landscape. The raw data is not only available for municipalities, but also for around 8000 traffic zones and cantons. Many other attributes are also available, such as the energy charged per charging requirement, the availability of charging infrastructure at home or at work, the number of charging points per charging option and the installed charging capacity in buildings and at generally accessible charging points, as well as the performance of the generally accessible charging network.
Monthly soil erosion risk maps for Swiss permanent grassland, with average soil loss in tons/(ha*month) - overview

Monthly soil erosion risk maps for Swiss permanent grassland with a spatial resolution of 100m. The maps show the average soil loss in tons per hectare and month. Shades of green, yellow and red mean a low, average and high risk of erosion, respectively.The monthly soil erosion risk maps were calculated using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). For this RUSLE application, the monthly dynamic of the rainfall erosivity factor (R-factor) and cover and management factor (C-factor) was considered as follows: A(month)= R(month)*K*C(month)*L*S*P where A(month) is the soil loss in tons per hectare and month and R(month) and C(month) are the monthly R-factor (MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹) and C-factor (dimensionless). The other erosion factors are soil erodibility (K-factor), slope length (L-factor), slope steepness (S-factor) and support practices (P-factor). The RUSLE factors were tailored to the specific environmental conditions of Swiss permanent grassland. The P-factor was included in the calculation as a constant with value 1 due to a lack of spatial information on grazing management and its effect on soil erosion.
SilvaProtect-CH (hazard information at national level): Landslide

Landslides arise on open slopes independently of the presence of a water channel. They are rapidly-flowing mixtures of unconsolidated rock (usually mainly soil and vegetation) and a high proportion of water. Due to the relatively high water proportion, they move at a high speed (1 - 10 m/s) and have a correspondingly destructive effect. The area affected by the transported material is often between 10 and 100 times bigger than the often very small starting zone. This layer contains a general hazard index map of potential landslides areas based on modelling of the landslide process carried out by the SilvaProtect-CH project. The modelling of the landslide processes does not take the effect of forests into account.
Groundwater heat utilisation potential

The thermal energy stored in groundwater can be used for heating purposes. With groundwater heat pump systems, the heat can be extracted from the groundwater and transferred to the heating system. The potential of groundwater for heating is large and can be estimated. The groundwater heat utilisation potential in Switzerland's unconsolidated aquifers was estimated using a heat balance approach. This involves determining the usable heat from a simplified heat balance, taking long-term changes into account. The groundwater is considered an open system, i.e. heat is exchanged with the atmosphere, hydrosphere and geosphere. The calculated heat utilisation potential is regarded as heat that can be used sustainably in the medium term. It should be noted that only the potential for heat recovery from groundwater was taken into account; any utilisation for cooling purposes or seasonal heat storage was not considered. Existing utilisation plants were also not taken into account. The basis for the calculation was provided by the cantons and the federal government.
The geodata set "Groundwater heat utilisation potential in Switzerland's unconsolidated aquifers" shows the maximum sustainable heat that can be extracted from groundwater in the medium term.
swissEO VHI: state of forest health v200

Map of forest condition based on the VHI (Vegetation Health Index), which reflects the current state of forest in relation to historical data 1991-2020. The index is based on satellite data (Meteosat, Landsat 5,7,8, and Sentinel-2) of different spatial resolutions, aggregated of ten and thirty metres respectively. The VHI consists of two components: one part (VCI - Vegetation Condition Index) represents the local biophysical conditions of the vegetation, and the other part (TCI - Thermal Condition Index) characterizes the climatic conditions (temperature). Both components depict the current situation in relation to a reference period. The combined VHI is used to assess drought and other disturbances or stress factors— the lower the value, the greater the stress and its impact on vegetation. Values from 100 down to 60 indicate excellent vegetation condition, values up to 50 are good, and values up to 40 are normal. Below 40, the vegetation shows signs of stress, up to 30 it is lightly stressed, up to 20 stressed, up to 10 severely stressed and values below 10 indicate an extremely stressed vegetation condition. The forest area is shown on the map, providing a robust indicator of the regional vegetation conditions. The dataset was developed in collaboration with MeteoSwiss for the federal drought portal.Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data.
Thermal networks: heat and cooling sources

Heat and cooling sources are local, renewable and CO2-free energy sources which may be of interest for heat production in thermal networks. Nowadays, only renewable or CO2-free energy sources are considered for heat generation in thermal networks, though peak demand may still be met by fossil fuels. Such sources include waste heat, ambient heat and biomass. While biomass (e.g. woodchips) can be transported almost without restriction, waste heat and groundwater are restricted to a particular location. In areas with high heat demand, such geographically restricted heat sources can be considered for use if the local conditions are suitable. The map shows locations of municipal incinerators, waste water treatment plants, waste heat from tunnels and special incinerators. The heat potential given is purely indicative. Waste heat from tunnels and special incinerators provide no heat potential. It was not possible to include an indication of heat already in use. The data are drawn from different sources and time periods. The information on waste water treatment plants is from the 2017 ‘Adressliste der Schweizer Kläranlagen mit Angaben zur Ausbaugrösse' (‘List of addresses of Swiss wastewater treatment plants with indications of capacity'; not in English) issued by the Federal Office of the Environment. The information on tunnel heat is from the 2004 report ‘Wärmenutzung Tunnelwasser' (‘Tunnel water heat usage'; not in English). The information on special incinerators and municipal waste incinerators is provided by the Verband der Betreiber Schweizerischer Abfallverwertungsanlagen (Swiss Association of Waste Treatment Plant Operators) and dates from 2004. The information is provided for the general public and is not official or legally binding.
Determination and modelling of the upper timberline for the standard periods 1961–1990 and 1981–2010, and the future period 2070–2099

This map shows the natural upper timberline (excluding anthropogenic influences and without considering shrub forest) modelled for the periods 1961–1990, 1981–2010 and 2070–2099. The following representative concentration pathways (RCPs) and model combinations were used to model the future timberline:<br> - RCP 2.6 (Paris Agreement compliance scenario), with the model combination DMI_HIRHAM_ECEARTH_EUR11 as the projection for slight climate change, <br> - RCP 4.5 (limited mitigation scenario), with the model combination SMHI-RCA_MPIESM_EUR44 as the projection for moderate climate change, <br> - RCP 8.5 (no mitigation scenario) with the model combination CLMCOM-CCLM5_HADGEM_EUR44 as the projection for strong climate change. <br> The position of the upper timberline according to the digital height model (DHM25) is a function of the mean daily temperature high in July, the mean July precipitation, the mean snow-free period, the exposure, the slope and the bedrock.
swissEO NDVIdiff: Changes in the NDVI

Map of NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) changes compared to the previous year's period, based on satellite data (Sentinel-2) with a spatial resolution of ten metres. The index indicates a change in the density and/or chlorophyll content ("green") of vegetation. NDVI increases may result from growth, higher productivity, or recovery after a previous decline in vitality, whereas NDVI decreases are usually the result of management or natural disturbances (storm damage, drought, insect damage, etc.). This dataset was developed in collaboration with BFH-HAFL and the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) for waldmonitoring.ch and the federal drought portal. Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data.
swissNAMES3D geographical names of the national Survey

swissNAMES3D is the most comprehensive collection of geographical names for Switzerland and Liechtenstein. swissNAMES3D contains over 400,000 georeferenced entries divided in different categories. The dataset replaces since 2015 the old product swissNAMES updated until 2008. In the federal geoportal the layer 'geographical names' corresponds to a selection of swissNAMES3D for the different zoomlevels.
Snowshoe trails

The ‘Snowshoe trails’ dataset includes the best selection from SwitzerlandMobility (thick lines) and the other signposted trails from the cantons. This selection is coordinated with the Swiss Hiking Trail Association, the cantons and the Principality of Liechtenstein. This is currently (as of 12 November 2025) an initial data set containing the following information: SwitzerlandMobility trails throughout Switzerland, other signposted trails in the cantons of Jura, Schwyz, Graubünden and the Principality of Liechtenstein.
No liability is accepted for the accuracy, completeness or up-to-dateness of the route and trail data, and any liability for the use of this data is excluded. The signage and the weather and trail or route conditions on site are decisive.
Location and surrounding areas in accordance with the Major Accidents Ordinance in the area of the motorway

The Major Accidents Ordinance (MAO, SR 814.012) aims to protect the population and the environment from severe damage caused by major accidents. It stipulates that the owners of a transport route, an enterprise, or a pipeline facility must independently implement safety measures and governs the control and assessment procedures carried out by the authorities.

The MAO applies to transit roads as defined in the Ordinance on Transit Roads, on which dangerous goods are transported or handled in accordance with the Ordinance of 17 April 1985 on the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road (SDR) or the corresponding international agreements (ADR). According to Article 1 of the Ordinance on Transit Roads, transit roads are open to general through traffic. These include motorways, expressways, and main roads.
Nature Landscape Armed Forces (NLA), natural values/ habitats on land used for military purposes

The DDPS is one of the most important landowners in Switzerland. A large part of the areas used for military purposes are within the perimeter of nature and landscape protection inventories. The military usage favours the preservation of natural values in many places, for example, in amphibian spawning sites. However, it can also have adverse effects, which should be minimised. The interests of national defence and nature conservation are of equal importance in the Federal Constitution.For 20 years, the DDPS has been protecting and promoting the diversity of species and their habitats on the army sites with the programme Nature, Landscape and the Armed Forces (NLA). As part of this programme, the natural values as well as the utilisation by the Armed Forces and by third parties have been recorded on the larger sites such as military training areas, shooting ranges and aerodromes, the conflicts identified and measures to mitigate them defined and implemented. The respective files are updated periodically or in the case of major changes. The NLA data represents the mapped valuable natural values and habitats on areas used for military purposes. Valuable refers, on the one hand, to all habitats which have a protection status. Either the habitat is protected by the NCHA or the area is in a national, cantonal or communal inventory. In addition to these protected habitats, other habitats/ areas worthy of protection are also recorded, such as species-rich areas or areas where the main purpose is to promote biodiversity.