AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
The wind energy concept – Map indicating federal government interests in the planning of wind energy plants

The wind energy concept is a concept as defined in Article 13 of the Swiss Spatial Planning Act (SPA, SR 700). The concept defines both the principal federal government interests which must be taken into account when planning wind energy plants, and the main areas with wind-power potential which must be investigated as part of cantonal structural planning. In this way, the wind energy concept increases planning reliability.
The references to federal government interests in the planning of wind energy plants are based on a synthesis of the restrictions that apply with regard to noise abatement, the federal government’s sectoral plans, measures to conserve the landscape, nature and cultural heritage and protect endangered species, as well as technical facilities which fall within the federal government’s authority. It should be noted, however, that a lack of data means that no (comprehensive) statement can be made with regard to a number of relevant federal government interests. Further examination of these federal government interests is therefore required at the appropriate level as part of cantonal structural planning and land use planning. The content of the map does not constitute any legally binding statement. Certain elements of this content are based on information which is binding on public authorities, such as assets included in federal inventories, but the map itself is not binding on any public authority.
The query function shows details of the grid cell in question. In the interests of completeness, the map and the query results must be consulted in parallel with the content of the wind energy concept and the associated explanatory report.
Solaranlagen: Schutzinteressen

Dargestellt ist eine Synthese wichtiger Schutzinteressen nach Bundesrecht sowie weiterer, teilweise konkurrierender Interessen gemäss Dokument «Freistehende Photovoltaikanlagen: Methodische Grundlage des Bundes». Die Synthese ist nicht abschliessend, macht z.B. zum Arten- oder Naturschutz keine oder keine vollständigen Aussagen und umfasst insbesondere keine kantonalen und kommunalen Schutzinteressen. Der Karteninhalt stellt somit keine rechtsverbindliche Aussage dar. Für das raumplanerische Ausweisen von Eignungsgebieten gemäss Artikel 10 Energiegesetz sind weitere, in dieser Karte nicht dargestellte Schutzinteressen zu berücksichtigen.
Solaranlagen: Prüfenswerte Gebiete

Die prüfenswerten Gebiete aus Sicht Bund geben erste Hinweise, welche Flächen aufgrund der angewandten Methode im Dokument «Freistehende Photovoltaikanlagen: Methodische Grundlage des Bundes» als Eignungsgebiete gemäss Artikel 10 Energiegesetz in Frage kommen könnten. In keinem Fall können die ausgewiesenen Flächen dabei als eine hinreichende oder exklusive Voraussetzung für das raumplanerische Ausweisen von Eignungsgebieten für Solaranlagen von nationaler Bedeutung oder auch von Zonen für die Solarenergienutzung nach kantonalem Recht betrachtet werden. Die entsprechenden Grundlagen- und Planungsarbeiten der Kantone (bzw. Gemeinden) sind im Gange oder noch vorzunehmen. Damit verbundene Entscheide der Planungsbehörden werden durch diese Karte nicht präjudiziert.
Dieser Datensatz sollte im Massstab kleiner als 1:25'000 dargestellt werden. Für die schweizweite Übersicht ist dann auf den Datensatz "Anteil prüfenswerter Gebiete" zu wechseln. Die beiden Datensätze gehören zusammen und zeigen unterschiedliche Informationen in einer nationalen bzw. regionalen Betrachtung.
Dieser Datensatz ist mit einer weiterführenden Abfragefunktion versehen. Für Rasterzellen, welche zu den nicht betrachteten Gebieten gehören (Siedlungs- und Verkehrszonen, grosse Gewässer und Wald), sind jedoch keine Zusatzinformationen abrufbar.
swissEO S2-SR: Optical satellite data (Sentinel-2)

Optical satellite data (Sentinel-2) which, among other things, show the reflectances of the land surface for the four channels Red, Green, Blue and near Infrared in a spatial resolution of 10 metres. Switzerland is mapped by four orbits of the satellite overflight. The overlapping orbits result in a complete image of Switzerland approximately every three to five days, but the usefulness of the data is heavily dependent on meteorological conditions, as the imaging sensor cannot see through clouds. In addition to the already applied localisation of the data, a co-registration of the data optimised for Switzerland is applied for a sub-pixel positional accuracy and the data is delivered in a uniform projection. Also included are optimised quality layers with masks for clouds (and cloud shadows) and topographic shadows.Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data.
Topographische Einzugsgebiete Schweizer Gewässer

Mit dem Geobasisdatensatz «Topographische Einzugsgebiete Schweizer Gewässer» steht eine fein aufgelöste und schweizweit flächendeckende Datengrundlage zur Verfügung. Sie bildet zusammen mit dem digitalen Gewässernetz eine feste Einheit.Der Datensatz beinhaltet ein flächendeckendes Mosaik aus über 22'000 aus der Topographie abgeleiteten Teileinzugsgebieten. Er deckt die Schweiz sowie das angrenzende Ausland ab, wobei sämtliche Gewässer mit einer Einzugsgebietsfläche grösser 1-1.5 km² berücksichtigt sind. Die Teileinzugsgebiete sind hierarchisch strukturiert und ermöglichen rasch und einfach Auswertungen über Gesamteinzugsgebiete. Der Geobasisdatensatz ist eine Erhebung von gesamtschweizerischem Interesse über die hydrologischen Verhältnisse. Von ihm geht keinerlei Rechtswirkung aus und er stellt in keiner Art und Weise eine verbindliche Vorgabe dar bei der Definition von Einzugsgebieten.
Cities and conurbations which qualify for subsidies

The list of cities and conurbations which qualify for subsidies shows which municipalities are entitled to federal subsidies within the framework of the Urban Transport programme (in accordance with Annex 4 of the Ordinance on the Application of the Earmarked Mineral Oil Tax and other earmarked funds for traffic ([MinVV]). The basis for the list shows the definition of “Spaces with an urban character” from the Federal Statistical Office, FSO (2012). This includes the right to subsidies for all municipalities that are entitled to subsidies based on the definition of a conurbation from 2000. The number of adjoining communities are reduced in accordance with the definition by the Federal Statistical Office, FSO in 2012, through the use of statistical criteria. The municipalities of Sarnen and Appenzell as canton capitals are also included in the list of cities and conurbations which qualify for subsidies. Small adjustments were made with realignments and fillings in the gaps.
Quality of the potential corridors between protected sites for open-land wetland species (OFG-Arten)

This data set describes the quality of potential movement corridors for open wetland species (OFG species) between nationally and regionally inventoried wetlands.This map is based on a landscape model that is categorized according to its suitability as a habitat for OFG species. Water edges and humid areas were assigned a high suitability and therefore low effort for dispersal. This suitability dataset was then used to calculate the most direct ‘least cost path' between wetlands for the dispersal of OFG species. The related ‘Corridor zones' dataset supplements the idealized least-cost paths from this layer with error bars, providing spatial definition to the potential migratory routes. Together, the two maps highlight and rank potential routes between protected wetland sites according to their permeability, allowing spatially-explicit prioritization of re-wetting initiatives. The least-cost paths are ranked according to their permeability, as measured by the total cost of movement along a path divided by the euclidean distance between the linked wetlands (Table column: 'Cost_to_EucDist_Ratio'). Red lines have a high permeability, or low cost to distance ratio, while orange lines have medium permeability, and yellow lines low. The ranking into the three categories is based on quantiles, i.e. red lines represent the 33% of least-cost-paths with the highest permeability. For more details about the construction and application of the corridor maps, see: Churko, G., Walter, T., Szerencsits, E., & Gramlich, A. (2020). Improving wetland connectivity through the promotion of wet arable land. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 28(4), 667–680. Churko, Greg, Szerencsits, Erich, Gramlich, Anja, Prasuhn, Volker, & Walter, Thomas. (2018). Arten der Feucht-(Acker-) Flächen in der Schweiz und Korridore zwischen Schutzobjekten. Agroscope Science, 76, 1–39. Roberti G., Gramlich A., Benz R., Szerencsits E., Churko G., Prasuhn V., Leifeld J., Zorn A., Jacot-Ammann K., Herzog F., Fabian Y. Entscheidungshilfe für feuchte und nasse Ackerflächen : Unterstützung bei der Identifikation von Flächen, auf denen Alternativen zur Entwässerung in Betracht zu ziehen sind. Agroscope Transfer, 449, 2022, 1-68.
Potential corridors between protected sites for open-land wetland species (OFG-Arten)

This dataset depicts potential movement corridors between nationally and regionally inventoried wetland sites for open wetland species (OFG-Arten). This corridor raster supplements the idealized least-cost paths from the related layer, “Corridor Quality” with error bars, providing a two-dimensional representation of potential corridors around the optimal dispersal routes. Together, the two maps highlight and rank potential routes between protected wetland sites according to their permeability, allowing spatially-explicit prioritization of re-wetting initiatives.The movement corridors were generated by buffering the least-cost paths between wetland sites in steps of 10% increases in Cost-Distance. The darkest blue corridors contain the 10% of cells with the lowest deviation in cost-distance from the least-cost path. Besides highlighting possible secondary and tertiary routes between sites, interpretation of these maps can offer useful insights regarding the local landscape and connectivity within the region. In areas where a least-cost path travels through a wide swath of wet habitat, the corridor broadens, suggesting that the least-cost path here is but one of many likely routes through the location. Alternatively, when the corridor narrows,dispersal is restricted through a thin strip of suitable habitat. For more details about the construction and application of the corridor maps, see: Churko, G., Walter, T., Szerencsits, E., & Gramlich, A. (2020). Improving wetland connectivity through the promotion of wet arable land. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 28(4), 667–680. Churko, Greg, Szerencsits, Erich, Gramlich, Anja, Prasuhn, Volker, & Walter, Thomas. (2018). Arten der Feucht-(Acker-) Flächen in der Schweiz und Korridore zwischen Schutzobjekten. Agroscope Science, 76, 1–39. Roberti G., Gramlich A., Benz R., Szerencsits E., Churko G., Prasuhn V., Leifeld J., Zorn A., Jacot-Ammann K., Herzog F., Fabian Y. Entscheidungshilfe für feuchte und nasse Ackerflächen : Unterstützung bei der Identifikation von Flächen, auf denen Alternativen zur Entwässerung in Betracht zu ziehen sind. Agroscope Transfer, 449, 2022, 1-68.
Focus map agri-environmental objective birds

The published data were produced in the framework of Klein et al. 2025, parts of the project and co-authors were funded by Agroscope, the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) // Swiss Government under the project “ValPar.CH: Values of the ecological infrastructure in Swiss parks” (grant no. A1.2) and BiodivERsA-Belmont Forum Call on “Scenarios of Biodiversity and Ecosystem services” (grant no. BiodivScen-157). The objective of the project was to combine field-level impact of agricultural activities with the potential distribution of Swiss priority birds. The impact was assessed for 2021, using the Swiss Agricultural Life Cycle Assessment for Biodiversity (SALCA-BD, Jeanneret et al. 2014). The potential was assessed by aggregating predictions from species distribution models of 27 bird priority species, modelled as part of the ValParCH project (Adde et al. 2023), using the SWECO25 database for environmental predictors (Külling et al. 2024). First, an optimized hot spot analysis using ArcGIS pro was conducted separately on estimated impact and distribution potential. Second, they were combined using a multivariate clustering with K-means statistics to identify clusters with comparable combinations between high and low impact and high and low potential. The resulting map shows 7 clusters with distinct combinations of high/low impact and potential. The spatial resolution of the raster dataset is 25 m. <br><br> References: <br> Adde, A., Rey, P. L., Brun, P., Külling, N., Fopp, F., Altermatt, F., Broennimann, O., Lehmann, A., Petitpierre, B., Zimmermann, N. E., Pellissier, L., & Guisan, A. (2023). N-SDM: A high-performance computing pipeline for nested species distribution modelling. Ecography, 2023, e06540. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.06540 Jeanneret, P., Baumgartner, D. U., Freiermuth Knuchel, R., Koch, B., & Gaillard, G. (2014). An expert system for integrating biodiversity into agricultural life-cycle assessment. Ecological Indicators, 46, 224–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.06.030 Klein N., Adde A., Grêt-Regamey A., Guisan A., Herzog F., Jeanneret P., Kay. S. Identifying focus zones for the conservation and promotion of priority birds in Swiss farmland. Conservation Science and Practice. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13286 Külling, N., Adde, A., Fopp, F., Schweiger, A. K., Broennimann, O., Rey, P.-L., Giuliani, G., Goicolea, T., Petitpierre, B., Zimmermann, N. E., Pellissier, L., Altermatt, F., Lehmann, A., & Guisan, A. (2024). SWECO25: A cross-thematic raster database for ecological research in Switzerland. Scientific Data, 11, 21. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02899-1
Wetness potential in the agricultural land, vector

Das Feuchtflächenpotential wurde anhand der Prozesse Wasserakkumulation und Versickerung beurteilt. Aus dem Höhenmodell (Swissalti3d © swisstopo) wurden Reliefparameter berechnet und Ebenen und Mulden modelliert. Das Potential der Versickerung wurde von Bodenkarten abgeleitet. Wo keine detaillierten Bodenkarten vorhanden waren, wurden geologische Karten und andere Surrogate in einem Expertenmodell überlagert und gewichtet. Der Vektor-Datensatz ist auf die vorwiegend landwirtschaftlich genutzten Feldblöcke zugeschnitten.Versickerung: 4 Klassen; Wasserakkumulation: 5 Klassen. Zitat: Szerencsits, E., Prasuhn, V., Churko, G., Herzog, F., Utiger, C., Zihlmann, U. et al. (2018). Karte potenzieller Feucht-Acker-Flächen der Schweiz. Agroscope Science, 72, 67. https://www.feuchtacker.ch/
Swiss National Park and parks of national importance (Zones)

The dataset contains the protected area of the ‘Swiss National Park', which is protected in accordance with the National Park Act of 19 December 1980 (SR454) as well as park projects registered with the FOEN based on the Federal Act on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage (NCHA), which was revised on 1 December 2007. It defines three categories of parks of national importance: national parks, regional nature parks and nature discovery parks. Depending on the status of the project involved, the park regions can apply for the ‘candidate for the development of a park' label or the protected ‘Swiss park' label for operational parks. Parks of national importance help with the protection and upgrading of outstanding natural habitats. The parks also promote the economic development of a region.
Biosphere reserves

Biosphere reserves are not only used to protect and preserve ecosystems, but also for environmental research, environmentally-friendly land use and environmental education. They are terrific showcases of human and natural history that have been designated UNESCO World Heritage sites and biospheres: silent yet eloquent examples of the great cultural achievements and natural phenomena. The inclusion of an area is decided by the International Coordinating Council of UNESCO's MAB Programme upon application by the state, based on established criteria that have been specified in a criteria catalogue for Switzerland. The criteria include, above all, representativeness, size, natural and political coherence, and the consent of the local population.
Location and adjoining areas of pipeline systems according to the Ordnance on Protection against Major Accidents

The Ordinance on Protection against Major Accidents (MAO, SR 814.012) is designed to protect the public and the environment from serious damage resulting from major accidents. It regulates the safety measures that must be implemented by the owners of transport routes, businesses and pipeline systems and the authorities' control and assessment procedures. The enforcement authority (Swiss Federal Office of Energy SFOE) publishes details of the geographical location of pipeline systems governed by the MAO and of the adjoining area (consultation area) (Art. 20 para. 1 MAO) defined by the enforcement authority; this area must be taken into account in decisions on land use. Data is kept on all pipeline systems defined in the Pipelines Ordinance of 2 February 2000 which meet the criteria specified in Annex 1.3 (PipeO, SR 746.11). Data is also kept on the areas adjoining the pipeline installations (consultation areas). The consultation area measures 300 metres on either side of the pipeline if the pressure in the pipeline is 67.5 bar or above and if the diameter of the pipeline is 24 inches or more. Otherwise, the consultation area measures 100 metres on either side of the pipeline.
Monthly rainfall erosivity (R-factor) maps of Switzerland in MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹ - Overview

<p>Monthly rainfall erosivity maps (R-factor maps) of Switzerland with a spatial resolution of 100 m. The maps show the spatial and seasonal variability of rainfall erosivity in MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹. Light shades of blue indicate a low erosive impact of rainfall and dark shades a high impact.</p> <p>The monthly R-factors are based on precipitation measurements from 87 automatic gauging stations with measurement intervals of 10 minutes (average measuring period of 19.5 years per station). The stations cover all agricultural zones in Switzerland. To exclude the influence of snow, temperatures are also recorded at an hourly resolution for 71 stations or are derived from the nearest station.</p> <p>A comparison of the 12 monthly R-factor maps shows that the summer months (June, July and August) have the highest rainfall erosivity values during the year. The Southern Alps (canton of Ticino), the mountain zones of the Northern Alps and parts of the valley zone have particularly high R-factors in this period. A proportion of 62% of Switzerland's annual rainfall erosivity is recorded between June and September. Identifying regions and periods in which rainfall with an increased erosive impact occurs enables targeted erosion control and a better understanding of the dynamics of erosion processes over the course of a year.</p> The development of monthly rainfall erosivity maps of Switzerland is described in detail in 'Regionalization of monthly rainfall erosivity patterns in Switzerland' by Schmidt et al. (Hydrology and Earth System Sciences: 20. 2016. pp. 4359–4373).
swissSURFACE3D Raster

swissSURFACE3D Raster is a digital surface model (DSM) which represents the earth's surface including all stable and visible landscape elements such as soil, natural cover, woods and all sorts of constructive works. swissSURFACE3D Raster is produced in 1 km2 tiles. The tiles are numbered based on the coordinates in kilometers of their southwestern corner.
Water availability for plants

Too little water is available to the trees more and more often:•The vegetation and soil release water into the atmosphere, even moreso the warmer and drier the air. Plants evaporate water through their leaves. Evapotranspiration is the sum of the water released into the atmosphere. •The current evapotranspiration (ETa) depends on the availability of water, i.e. on the amount of precipitation and the capacity of the soil to store rainwater. The potential evapotranspiration (ETp) is the amount of water that would be released into the atmosphere if sufficient water were available. •Below an ETa/ETp ratio of 0.8, drought is likely to affect the plant, as the stomata in the leaves are often closed and the trees limit photosynthesis. •In light and especially dark blue areas there are no disturbances to be expected. •In areas marked yellow to red, the trees can be expected to be affected by drought, especially in the wine red areas. •Trend: Return and expansion of yellow to red areas increase in the period 1981-2018. Period 1981-2018, April to August, spatial resolution 250m x 250m. Source: Remund et al. (2016).
swissTLM3D hiking trails

swissTLM3D hiking trails contains the hiking trails of Switzerland and the Principality of Liechtenstein. This dataset is published in collaboration with the Federal roads office FEDRO, SwitzerlandMobility, Suisse Rando and the cantons. swissTLM3D hiking trails forms a part of the dataset swissTLM3D.

In the May 2023 publication, corrections were added after the annual publication of swissTLM3D for the canton of Basel-Landschaft. The corrections concern the WMS, WMTS and map.geo.admin.ch layer. They are not included in the downloadable data.
Base network swissTNE

swissTNE Base is the spatial reference base of Transport Network CH - the future, national geodata infrastructure for transport and mobility. This base network is a topological and geometrically structured network that maps the four transport modes of rail, road, cable and water in a multimodally linked manner and does not contain any further technicalities. It serves as a common denominator for referencing and linking spatial transport and mobility data, regardless of whether these are available in geometrically or technically detailed or aggregated form. The first version of the swissTNE Base data set is still based exclusively on the swissTLM3D topographic landscape model, but will be further developed and supplemented as part of the implementation of the CH transport network.
Water availability in the soil (site water balance)

The trees often have less water available during the vegetation period.•The water supply during the vegetation period is decisive for the growth and vitality of the forests. The availability of water can be calculated from the difference between precipitation and potential evaporation. This is the climatic water balance. If the soil reservoir is added, the site water balance is calculated. •The site water balance is closely related to the occurrence of trees, their vitality and growth. •The tree species have different demands on the water supply. While oaks are frugal, spruce need considerably more water during the vegetation period. •Trend: Return and expansion of yellow to red areas increase in the period 1981-2018. Period 1981-2018, April to August, spatial resolution 250m x 250m. Source: Remund et al. (2016).
Invasive alien plants

The set of invasive alien plants shows the maps of the potential areas of 56 alien plants species present in Switzerland as well as some invasive species present in neighboring countries with the potential to reach Switzerland. The maps are the result of model-based tool to anticipate the spread of invasive alien plants listed on the Swiss Black and Watch list. The model is using occurrence data from GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), current climate data from Worldclim(1 km resolution) and occurrence data from InfoFlora combined with climate data from the WSL (100 m resolution).The maps with 100 m resolution utilize additional necessary variables including landuse and geology.