Crop Index Model

<p style='margin:0in; font-family:&quot;Avenir Next W01&quot;, &quot;Avenir Next W00&quot;, &quot;Avenir Next&quot;, Avenir, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, sans-serif; font-size:16px;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><b>Cropland Index </b></font></p><p style='margin:0in; font-family:&quot;Avenir Next W01&quot;, &quot;Avenir Next W00&quot;, &quot;Avenir Next&quot;, Avenir, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, sans-serif; font-size:16px;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><b><br /></b></font></p><p style='margin:0in; font-family:&quot;Avenir Next W01&quot;, &quot;Avenir Next W00&quot;, &quot;Avenir Next&quot;, Avenir, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, sans-serif; font-size:16px;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'>The Cropland Index evaluates lands used to produce crops based on the following input datasets: Revised Storie Index, California Important Farmland data, Electrical Conductivity (EC), and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR). Together, these input layers were used in a suitability model to generate this raster. High values are associated with better Croplands</font></p><p style='margin:0in; font-family:&quot;Avenir Next W01&quot;, &quot;Avenir Next W00&quot;, &quot;Avenir Next&quot;, Avenir, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, sans-serif; font-size:16px;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><br /></font></span></p><div style='font-family:&quot;Avenir Next W01&quot;, &quot;Avenir Next W00&quot;, &quot;Avenir Next&quot;, Avenir, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, sans-serif; font-size:16px;'><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><b>California Important Farmland data</b> – statistical data used for analyzing impacts on California’s agricultural resources from the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program. Agricultural land is rated according to soil quality and irrigation status. The maps are updated every two years (on even numbered years) with the use of a computer mapping system, aerial imagery, public review, and field reconnaissance. </font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><br /></font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><b>Cropland Index Mask </b>- This is a constructed data set used to define the model domain. Its footprint is defined by combining the extent of the California Important Farmland data (2018) classifications listed above and the area defined by California Statewide Crop Mapping for the state of California.<br /></font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><br /></font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><b>Prime Farmland</b> – farmland with the best combination of physical and chemical features able to sustain long term agricultural production. This land has the soil quality, growing season, and moisture supply needed to produce sustained high yields. Land must have been used for irrigated agricultural production at some time during the four years prior to the mapping date.</font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><br /></font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><b>Farmland of Statewide Importance</b> – farmland similar to Prime Farmland but with minor shortcomings, such as greater slopes or less ability to store soil moisture. Land must have been used for irrigated agricultural production at some time during the four years prior to the mapping date. </font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><br /></font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><b>Unique Farmland</b> – farmland of lesser quality soils used for the production of the state’s leading agricultural crops. This land is usually irrigated but may include Non irrigated orchards or vineyards as found in some climatic zones in California. Land must have been cropped at some time during the four years prior to the mapping date. </font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in;'><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><br /></font></span></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><b><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in;'><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;'>Gridded Soil Survey Geographic Database (</span></span><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in; border-bottom:transparent; background-position:0% 100%;'></span><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in;'><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;'>g</span><span style='font-family:inherit; border-bottom:transparent;'>SSURGO</span></span><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in;'></span></b><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in;'><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;'><b>)</b></span><span style='font-family:inherit;'> </span><span style='font-family:inherit;'>–</span><span style='font-family:inherit;'> a database containing information about soil as collected by the National Cooperative Soil Survey over the course of a century. The information can be displayed in tables or as maps and is available for most areas in the United States and the Territories, Commonwealths, and Island Nations served by the USDA-NRCS. The information was gathered by walking over the land and observing the soil. Many soil samples were analyzed in laboratories.</span></span><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;'> </span></span></span></font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><br /></font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><b><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>California </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>Revised </span></b><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'><b>Storie Index </b>- </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>is </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>a soil rating based on soil properties that govern a soil</span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>’</span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>s potential for cultivated agriculture in California. The </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>Revised </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>Storie Index assesses the productivity of a soil from the following four characteristics: Factor A, degree of soil profile development; factor B, texture of the surface layer; factor C, slope; and factor X, manageable features, including drainage, microrelief, fertility, acidity, erosion, and salt content. A score ranging from 0 to 100 percent is determined for each </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>factor, and the scores are then multiplied together to derive an index rating.</span></font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><br /></font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><b><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>Electrical </span><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>Conductivity -</span></b><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'> is the electrolytic conductivity of </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>an extract from saturated soil paste, expressed as Deci siemens per meter at 25 </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>degrees C. Electrical conductivity is a measure of the concentration of </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>water-soluble salts in soils. It is used to indicate saline soils. High </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>concentrations of neutral salts, such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>may interfere with the a</span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>d</span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>sorption of </span><span style='font-family:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:none; text-indent:0in;'>water by plants because the osmotic pressure in the soil solution is nearly as </span><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in; font-variant-ligatures:none !important;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'>high as or higher than that in the plant cells.</span></span></span><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in;'><span style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;'> </span></span></span></font></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in; font-variant-ligatures:none !important;'><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><br /></font></span></span></div><div style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:inherit; text-indent:0in; font-variant-ligatures:none !important;'><font color='#000000' size='3' style='font-family:inherit;'><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;'><b>Sodium Adsorption Ratio</b> - is a measure of the amount of sodium (Na) relative to calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in the water extract from saturated soil paste. </span>It is the ratio of the Na concentration divided by the square root of one-half of the Ca + Mg concentration. Soils that have SAR values of 13 or more may be characterized by an increased dispersion of organic matter and clay particles, reduced saturated hydraulic conductivity (<span style='font-family:inherit; border-bottom:transparent;'></span><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;'>Ksat</span><span style='font-family:Tahoma, sans-serif;'>) and aeration, and a general degradation of soil structure.</span></font></span></div></div>