AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) Vertical profiles of Atmospheric Components from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS L3) Instrument and NERC Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Prototype Water Vapour Data

The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) is a satellite-borne instrument making limb sounding measurements of atmospheric composition at microwave frequencies. It was built by an instrument team based at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and launched on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) on the 12th September 1991. It began collecting data on 19th September 1991. The PI was Joe Waters.

The instrument measures thermal emission from the Earth's limb, from which vertical profiles of chlorine monoxide (ClO), ozone (O3), water vapour (H2O) sulphur dioxide (SO2) and atmospheric temperature are derived. HNO3 profiles are also available for some periods in the Version 4 data.

The data coverage extends from 80°S to 80°N, but at any one time this is restricted to 34°S to 80°N or 34°N to 80°S. In the vertical, measurements are made between approximately 10 and 60 km, from October 1991 to June 1997.

Also available as part of this archive are the prototype water vapour profiles from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) data, retrieved at the University of Edinburgh (NERC funded project). Data generally cover wider altitude range than "official" MLS version 4 retrievals and are available at a higher vertical resolution. Coverage is from September 1991 to April 1993.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Snow-Vegetation-Atmosphere Interactions over Heterogeneous Landscapes Project: Vegetation and Meteorological Observations at the Abisko Site

Vegetation and meteorological observations (snow and radiation) were collected by various ground instruments in an area of forest near Abisko (Sweden)  during measurement campaigns in March and April 2011. This data is made available through the BADC. This is a NERC funded project.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO): Ice Sheet Dynamics Data

Theme 5 (Cryosphere and Polar Oceans) of the National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) is aimed at resolving uncertainties in future climate and sea-level arising from behaviour of the cryosphere.  This dataset holds timeseries of Greenland glacier velocity fluctuations and Greenland glacier calving front fluctuations as maps and backscatter intensity images for the period March-July 2011. Timeseries of Antarctica glacier velocity and calving front fluctuations are expected later this year.  The velocity fields and backscatter data were transformed to map coordinates using the GLAS/ICESat 1 km Laser Altimetry Digital Elevation Model of Greenland which is provided at Polar Stereographic grids (DiMarzio, J., Brenner, A., Schutz, R., Schuman, A. & Zwally, H.J. (2007)).

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO): Sea Ice Elevation and Thickness and Ice Sheet Elevation Change Data

Theme 5 - Cryosphere and Polar Oceans - of the National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) is aimed at resolving uncertainties in future climate and sea-level arising from behaviour of the cryosphere.  The data brings together altimetry, interferometry and gravimetry from satellites, coupled with numeric models. Ice thickness data used by Katharine Giles, Seymour Laxon and Andy Ridout in their paper "Circumpolar thinning of Arctic sea ice following the 2007 record ice extent minimum" (Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 35, L22502, doi:10.1029/2008GL035710, 2008) are part of this dataset along with others to be submitted to the NEODC at a later time.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
SEVIRI (Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager) Fire Radiative Power (FRP) data from the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) Satellite

The Fire Radiative Power (FRP) is a measure of the rate of radiant heat output from a fire. It has been demonstrated in small-scale experimental fires that the FRP of a fire is related to the rate at which fuel is being consumed (Wooster et al., 2005) and smoke emissions released (Freeborn et al., 2008). This is a direct result of the combustion process, whereby carbon-based fuel is oxidised to CO2 (and other compounds) with the release of a certain "heat yield". Therefore, measuring this FRP and integrating it over the lifetime of the fire provides an estimate of the total Fire Radiative Energy (FRE), which for wildfires should be approximately proportional to the total mass of fuel biomass consumed.

This dataset contains Fire Radiative Power (FRP) data over Africa from Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) data.  Fires are detected by applying Roberts and Wooster's (2008) detection algorithm to SEVIRI data. FRP is estimated using the Middle InfraRed (MIR) radiance method (Wooster et al., 2003). The dataset was produced by Gareth Roberts and Martin Wooster (National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), Kings College London).

The original SEVIRI FRP (in units of MegaWatts; MW) data are produced at the native spatial resolution of 3 km (at the Meteosat sub-satellite point, decreasing away from this) and a temporal resolution of 15 minutes. See the Section on SEVIRI LSA SAF FRP Product in the SEVIRI FRP data description document for details of how to access these data.

The gridded product provided here are spatially degraded to a 1deg x 1deg grid-cell resolution, but keep the 15 minute temporal resolution. The gridded data are netCDF format files, each file containing 4 parameters. Each of the parameters comprise of an FRP dataset consisting of 71 columns, 73 rows and 96 frames, covering the African continent only (not Europe or South America) on a daily basis. The data cover a 12 month time period between February (2004) and January (2005)…which is the first full year of SEVIRI post-commissioning phase data.

The spatial coverage of these gridded data are: 
Upper left Lat = +36.5° 
Upper Left Lon = -19.5°
Bottom Right Lat = -35.5°
Bottom Right Lon = +50.5°
Parameters:

Total_fire_radiative_power
Total Fire Radiative Power (FRP) in grid cell
Number_of_fire_pixels
Adjusted_total_fire_radiative_power
Mean_fire_radiative_power

The naming convention for the gridded files is: SEVIRI_FRP_[year]-[month]-[day].nc for example SEVIRI_FRP_2004-02-16.nc corresponds to data from 16th February 2004. Each netCDF file contains 96 frames (15 minute frequency) between 00:12 – 23:57. These acquisition times correspond to the end of the SEVIRI image scan where each scan takes ~12minutes to complete. The times are in UTC.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
NAMBLEX - North Atlantic Marine Boundary Layer EXperiment  dataset collection: chemical and meteorological atmospheric measurements

The North Atlantic Marine Boundary Layer EXperiment (NAMBLEX) campaign was an atmospheric composition campaign conducted at Mace Head in Ireland from 24 July 2002 to 3 September 2002. The data consist of chemical and meteorological atmospheric measurements, model data and trajectories from a number of instruments, including several from the Universities Facility for Atmospheric Measurements (UFAM). The chemical species measured includes: O3, CO, H2, DMS, CH4, NMHC, NOx, NOy, PAN, VOCs, HCHO, peroxides, organo-halogenated species, a range of shorter lived halogen species (I2, OIO, IO, BrO), NO3 radicals, photolysis frequencies, and the free radicals OH, HO2 and (HO2 + Σ RO2). The BADC is the primary archiving and distribution data centre for NAMBLEX.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Collection of Multi-model Data from the Arctic Predictability and Prediction On Seasonal-to-Interannual Time-scales (APPOSITE) Project

How feasible is it to predict Arctic climate at seasonal-to-interannual timescales? As part of the APPOSITE project a multi-model ensemble prediction experiment was conducted in order to answer this question.

The main goal of APPOSITE was to quantify the timescales on which Arctic climate is predictable. In order to achieve this, a coordinated set of idealised initial condition predictability experiments with seven general circulation models was conducted. This was the first intercomparison project designed to quantify the predictability of Arctic climate on seasonal to interannual timescales.

Several different coupled climate models performed simulations for APPOSITE (see Doc below for Details of simulations submitted to the APPOSITE database). Six of these models followed the same experimental protocol (see Doc below for Control Simulations details and for Ensemble Predictions). One model, CanCM4 followed a slightly different protocol.

The Model data output from the APPOSITE project are now archived at CEDA. The collection of model outputs (control and prediction) include data from:

- Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CanCM4)
- ECHAM6-FESOM (E6F), run and developed by the Alfred Wegener Institute.
- EC-Earth consortium (ec-earth_v2_3)  
- Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (gfdlcm3)  
- Met Office (hadgem1-2)  
- Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate (MIROC5-2)  
- Max-Planck-Institut for Meteorologie (mpiesm)

Although designed to address Arctic predictability, this data set could also be used to assess the predictability of other regions and modes of climate variability on these timescales, such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation.

A paper describing the simulations for APPOSITE is in preparation to be submitted to the Geoscientific Model Development Journal.

Note: These data do not correspond to a particular time period since the studies are all conducted in the model world. They are not predictions or attempts to simulate a particular period of time. So the dates in the files are completely arbitrary.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
MAMM: Airborne Methane and Other Greenhouse Gases Measurements

The Methane and other greenhouse gases in the Artic - Measurements, process studies and Modelling (MAMM) project was a consortium as part of the NERC Artic Research Programme. This project used a range of expertise, from measurements of methane and its isotopes, and other greenhouse gases, through flux measurements to numerical analysis and modelling. Analysis of gas mixing ratios (concentrations), isotopic character, and source fluxes,  both from the ground and aircraft. Both past and new measurements were modelled using a suite of techniques. Fluxes were implemented into the JULES land surface model. Atmospheric modelling, including trajectory and inverse modelling will improve understanding on the local/regional scale, placing the role of Arctic emissions in large scale global atmospheric change. 

The project was led by the University of Cambridge, and in association with the University of Manchester, University of East Anglia, Royal Holloway, University of London, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology and UK and International partners (Met Office, NILU, NOAA, etc).

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
NERC Airborne Research and Survey Facility (ARSF) Remote Sensing Data

The Airborne Research & Survey Facility (ARSF, formerly Airborne Remote Sensing Facility) is managed by NERC Scientific Services and Programme Management. It provides the UK environmental science community, and other potential users, with the means to obtain remotely-sensed data in the form of synoptic analogue and digital imagery for use in research, survey and monitoring programmes. Data offered by the facility includes: 

1) Aerial photography data collected with an analogue camera, the Wild RC-10 visible NIR, in conjunction with CASI and ATM instruments.

2) Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM):  ARSF has flown two ATM instruments over the period 1982 - 2008: the Daedalus 1268 was operated from 1982 until 1998. Since 1996 and until 2008 an upgraded version - the Azimuth Systems AZ-16 was used, along with an improved data acquisition system.

3) LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data from an Optech ALTM 3033 instrument. The sensor is on loan to the ARSF only for some periods of the year from the Unit of Landscape Modelling (ULM) at Cambridge University.

4) High spectral and spatial resolution data from the Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI 2). The CASI 2, produced by Itres Research of Canada, is a two-dimensional CCD array-based pushbroom imaging spectrograph operated by ARSF until 2007

5) High spectral and spatial resolution data from the AISA Eagle and Hawk hyperspectral sensors (since 2007). The AISA Eagle is a 12 bit, pushbroom, hyperspectral sensor with a 1000 pixel swath width, covering the visible and near infra-red spectrum 400 - 970nm. The AISA Hawk is a 14 bit sensor able to capture short wave infrared wavelengths, 970 - 2450nm.

The ARSF currently uses a Dornier 228 aircraft. This extensively modified aircraft is not only capable of accommodating the current ARSF core instrumentation, as well as additional experimental optical and geophysical sensors, but is also configured to deploy a range of atmospheric instrumentation and samplers. Such a comprehensive data service cannot be easily achieved by other survey techniques. The operational flying season generally spans from early March until early October. Three elements determine this period: weather, solar zenith angle and vegetation state; maintenance on the aircraft; sensor maintenance as this is performed by the manufacturers between November and January. Every day during this season, the ARSF has to make difficult decisions on whether or not to attempt flying based on weather forecasts, and to prioritise the most important projects based on many parameters. Flying schedule is available from the ARSF website. 

The NEODC holds the entire archive of Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM) and Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) data acquired by the NERC ARSF. High-resolution scanned digital versions of the entire collection of analogue photographs are now also available as well as selected LiDAR-derived elevation and terrain models for selected sites flown using the sensor.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
APPRAISE Clouds: ground and airborne in-situ aerosol measurements

Ground based and airborne in-situ aerosol measurements during the APPRAISE-CLOUDS (Aerosol cloud interactions and climate) project from the Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory, Hampshire (South West England) and on board the FAAM BAE-146 research aircraft.

The data were collected for use in the CLOUDS project, which is one of multiple projects within the APPRAISE (Aerosol Properties, PRocesses And Influences on the Earth's climate) programme.

Airborne measurements for the APPRAISE-CLOUDS project were also carried out using the FAAM BAe146 aircraft. In total 20 flights were carried out as part of this project with the aircraft operating from Cranfield, Exeter and Oberpffafenhofen, Germany.

For the APPRAISE-CLOUDS project the aircraft was equipped with a range of cloud and aerosol instruments including FSSP (cloud droplets), CPI (ice particles), 2DS (ice particles), 2DC (ice particles), 2DP (ice particles), CAPS (droplets, ice, large aerosol), AMS (aerosol chemistry), SP2 (soot aerosol), PCASP (aerosol size), SMPS (aerosol size), Filters (aerosol chemistry), CVI (cloud particle residuals), Nephalometers (aerosol scattering), PSAP (soot aerosol), Whole Air Samplers (trace gases - post flight analysis), Trace gas analysers (NOx, O3, SO2). 

Missions typically involved flight legs above and below cloud to characterise aerosol in the vicinity of the clouds, and flight legs within cloud to characterise cloud properties and attempt to measure cloud particle residuals. In total 110 flight hours were allocated to this project.

Flight No. 	Date 	        Location
B331 	6/12/07 	SW England
B336 	8/01/08 	SW England
B337 	15/01/08 	SW England
B338 	17/01/08 	SW England
B376 	15/05/08 	SW Germany
B377 	17/05/08 	Switzerland
B378 	18/05/08 	Switzerland
B421 	17/12/08 	Cardigan Bay
B422 	15/01/09 	SW England
B423 	20/01/09 	Bristol Channel
B424 	21/01/09 	SW England
B425 	22/01/09 	SW England
B426 	28/01/09 	SW England
B430 	18/02/09 	SW England
B431 	26/02/09 	SW England
B432 	27/02/09 	Scotland
B433 	3/03/09 	SW England
B434 	3/03/09 	SW England
B449 	27/05/09 	SW England
B456 	6/06/09 	SW England

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Flood Risk for Extreme Events (FREE) The Flood Action Team (FLoAT) project: Aerial images corresponding to the June/July 2007 Flood Events in the UK

The Flood Action Team (FLoAT) project is intended to collate a variety of data collected during the June and July 2007 Flood events in the UK (e.g. Tewkesbury event in 2007). This project is funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) - project Ref. R8/H12/69 - through the Flood Risk for Extreme Events (FREE) NERC directed mode programme. Aerial images of the Tewkesbury area, which include the river Severn and the river Avon, were collected during the flood events of summer 2007.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Interrogating Trees as Archives of Environmental Sulphur Variability Project: Sulphur Dendrochemistry measurement collection from trees in Italy and in the UK

Sulphur is an element which is fixed within the woody tissues during growth and can be used with certainty for environmental reconstruction.

That sulphur should be the element which is fixed within the annual growth rings is fortuitous given its key role in modulating climate and fantastic potential as an environmental diagnostic tool. The injection of sulphur aerosol into the atmosphere is a key determinant of climate through backscattering and absorption of radiation, and has long been a concern for terrestrial ecology, causing widespread acidification of catchments upon deposition. 

Historical sulphur concentration and isotopic values obtained from tree cores in Italy and in the UK are presented, spanning the period 1840-2012.

This work was funded by NERC (grant NE/H012257/1).

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
QUEST Quaternary: Marine isotope and glacial cycle model data (150,000 years ago to present)

Quaternary QUEST was led by Dr Tim Lenton at UEA, with a team of 10 co-investigators at the Universities of Cambridge, Oxford, Reading, Leeds, Bristol, Southampton and at UEA.

This dataset collection contains glacial and isotope model data.

Over the last million years, the Earth has experienced a sequence of temperature oscillations between glacial and interglacial states, linked to variations in the Earth’s orbit around the sun. These climate oscillations were accompanied by changes in atmospheric CO2, but the fundamental reasons for this relationship are still unresolved.

This project team aimed to compile a synthesis of palaeodata from sediments and ice cores, improve the synchronization of these records with each other, and use this greater understanding of the Earth’s ancient atmosphere to improve Earth system models simulating climate over very long timescales. A combined long-term data synthesis and modelling approach has helped to constrain some key mechanisms responsible for glacial-interglacial CO2 change, and Quaternary QUEST narrowed the field of ocean processes that could have caused glacial CO2 drawdown.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
QUERCC (Quantifying ecosystem roles in the carbon cycle): Soil model output data

The Principal Investigator in this project was Prof Ian Woodward from University of Sheffield, with 11 co-investigators at the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), the Forestry Commission’s Forest Research, the Agriculture and the Environment Division at Rothamsted Research, and the Universities of Aberdeen, Edinburgh, Leeds, York, Oxford and Southampton.

This dataset collection contains soil model output data.

QUERCC addressed land surface processes over timescales from days to centuries, with particular emphasis on the carbon cycle. Some processes are already well represented and validated in Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs), while others that are known to impact on the carbon cycle are not. Independent carbon and vegetation data sets were compared against DVGMs to assess their current state, and further key modules were developed for nutrient cycling, which exerts a major feedback on carbon exchange, and for a greater resolution of plant processes. A global map of plant functional types that exert significant impacts on the carbon cycle was also developed.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
GAUGE (Greenhouse gAs UK and Global Emissions) project : airborne atmospheric measurement data collection

Collection of data produced by the GAUGE (Greenhouse gAs Uk and Global Emissions) Project.

The GAUGE project aimed to produce robust estimates of the UK Greenhouse Gas budget, using new and existing measurement networks and modelling activities at a range of scales. It aimed to integrate inter- calibrated information from ground-based, airborne, ferry-borne, balloon-borne, and space-borne sensors, including new sensor technology.

GAUGE was part of the Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Feedback Programme funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Polluted Troposphere TORCH2: Tropospheric ORganic CHemistry Experiment (TORCH2) Ground-based Atmospheric Components Measurements Collection from the Weybourne Atmospheric Observatory, Norfolk

The Polluted Troposphere Programme was a 5-year NERC thematic research programme which was centred upon the study of polluted boundary layer air and its transport to the free troposphere. The programme focussed on the regional scale, defined as intermediate between urban and hemispheric.

This dataset collection contains measurements of O3, CO, NO, NO2, C2-C8 hydrocarbons, C1-C4 oxygenated hydrocarbons, PAN, Peroxides (Organic and Inorganic), Organic nitrates, OH and HO2 radicals, Sum of RO2 + HO2 radicals, OH chemical lifetime, Photolysis frequencies (e.g. j(O1D), j(NO2), j (HCHO), Aerosol number and size distribution, Aerosol composition, Local meteorology, and 5 and 10 day back trajectories. Many of the instruments are also part of the Universities Facility for Atmospheric Measurement (UFAM).
 
TORCH 2 took place in April and May 2004 at Weybourne Atmospheric Observatory, on the north Norfolk coast. 

The goals were to provide both a detailed data set on organic composition in the polluted atmosphere, and to develop theoretical and modelling tools which may be used in defining future air quality policy. 

This collection also includes data collected as part of the NERC Polluted Troposphere "Advanced GC-MS technology for observing OVOCs and NMHCs in the polluted troposphere" project.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
HiTemp: High Density Temperature and Meteorological measurements within the Urban Birmingham Conurbation.

The NERC-funded HiTemp project was conducted by the Birmingham Urban Climate Laboratory (BUCL) research team to examine Birmingham's Urban Heat Island (UHI). The project operated a high density air temperature-sensor network and has lead to a number of research projects examining Birmingham's UHI in more detail than ever-before possible.

This dataset collection  temperature, dew point, relative humidity, pressure, solar radiation, precipitation, wind and hail measurements from a high density network of meteorological sensors installed within the Birmingham conurbation. This includes 73 Aginova Sentinel Micro air temperature sensors and 25 Vaisala WXT520 weather transmitters between 2012-14.

These measurements have been made by the Birmingham Urban Climate Laboratory (BUCL) for the HiTemp (High Density Measurements within the Urban Environment) project in order to study the Birmingham Urban Heat Island (UHI)

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis