AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Fluid-driven tensile fracture and fracture toughness in Nash Point shale at elevated pressure (NERC grant NE/L009110/1)

A number of processes, both natural and anthropogenic, involve the fracture of rocks subjected to tensile stress, including vein growth and mineralization, and the extraction of hydrocarbons through hydraulic fracturing. In each case, the fundamental material property of mode-I fracture toughness must be overcome in order for a tensile fracture to nucleate and propagate. Whilst measuring this parameter is straightforward at ambient pressure, estimating the fracture toughness of rocks at depth, where they experience a confining pressure, is technically challenging. Here, we report a new analysis combining results from standard thick-walled cylinder burst tests with quantitative acoustic emission to estimate the mode-I fracture toughness (KIc) of Nash Point Shale at elevated confining pressure, simulating in-situ conditions to approximately 1km. In the most favorable orientation, the pressure required to fracture the rock shell (injection pressure, Pinj) increases from 6.1 MPa at 2.2 MPa confining pressure (PC), to 34 MPa at 20 MPa confining pressure. When fractures cross the shale bedding, the required injection pressures are 30.3 MPa (at Pc = 4.5 MPa) and 58 MPa (at Pc = 20 MPa), respectively. Applying the model of Abou-Sayed (1978) to estimate initial flaw size, we calculate that this pressure increase equates to an increase in KIc from 0.6 MPa.m1/2 at 3.2 MPa differential pressure (Pinj - PC) to 4.1 MPa.m1/2 at 22 MPa differential pressure. We conclude that the increasing pressure due to depth in the Earth will have a significant influence on fracture toughness, which is also a function of the inherent anisotropy.

Tags: Anisotropy, Bedding planes, Fractured rock, Hydrostatic pressure, NERC_DDC, Shale, Toughness
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Groundwater level logger data for 7 wells , Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1)

The data sets contain the daily record of meters of groundwater columns for 7 Heron logger transducers installed in different boreholes and wells in the study area. Missing data denoted -9999. The Barlog data for atmospheric pressure (Atmospheric Pressure data measured by Heron Barologger for the period of April 2014 to November 2018 at Munje Jabalini.) is also included. "Uncomp.HT.WTR. Above Transducer" corresponds to the actual pressure the dipperLog is measuring. "Barologger Data" corresponds to the Barlog data for atmospheric pressure at Munje Jabalini "Comp.Depth.WTR Below the Datum" is the "Depth below datum" entered in the logger setup less "Comp.HT.WTR. Above Transducer". The data was collected by Albert Folch and Nuria Ferrer (UPC), Mike Lane and Calvince Wara (Rural Focus Ltd). The PI on the Gro for GooD project was Prof. Rob Hope, University of Oxford.

Tags: Groundwater, Monitoring, NERC_DDC
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Cyclic loading stress-strain data in polycrystalline antigorite serpentinite, at various confining pressures and temperatures (NERC grant NE/M016471/1)

Cyclic loading stress-strain data in polycrystalline antigorite serpentinite, at various confining pressures and temperatures. This dataset is used and fully described/interpreted in the paper: David, E.C., N. Brantut, and G. Hirth, Sliding crack model for non-linearity and hysteresis in the triaxial stress-strain curve of rock, and application to antigorite deformation, submitted to J. Geophys. Res. Overview Rock type Vermont antigorite-rich (>95%) serpentinite. See submitted paper for details. The sample is isotropic. Apparatus Oil-medium triaxial apparatus (Rock Physics Ensemble, University College London). For description, see David el al. (2018), Absence of stress-induced anisotropy during brittle deformation in antigorite serpentinite, J. Geophys. Res., 123, 10616-10644. Griggs-type solid medium apparatus (Brown University). For description, see David, E.C., N. Brantut, and G. Hirth, Sliding crack model for non-linearity and hysteresis in the triaxial stress-strain curve of rock, and application to antigorite deformation, submitted to J. Geophys. Res., and references therein. Files description 1-existing data from David et al., JGR, 2018: The text file "Vermont-antigorite-roomT-150MPa-stress-strain-cyclicloading-UCLtriax" gives the axial stress (in direction 1, see submitted paper) and the axial strain (in percent, in direction 1, see submitted paper), at room temperature and 150 MPa confining pressure, in the oil triaxial apparatus at UCL. The mechanical data (stress, strain) have been corrected from internal friction and machine stiffness, respectively. The data are from David el al. (2018), Absence of stress-induced anisotropy during brittle deformation in antigorite serpentinite, J. Geophys. Res., 123, 10616-10644. 2-new data: The text file "Vermont-antigorite-roomT-1000MPa-stress-strain-cyclicloading-Griggsapparatus" gives the axial stress (in direction 1, see submitted paper) and the axial strain (in percent, in direction 1, see submitted paper), at room temperature and 1000 MPa confining pressure, in Griggs solid medium apparatus at Brown University. The mechanical data (stress, strain) have been corrected from internal friction and machine stiffness, respectively. The text file "Vermont-antigorite-400C-1000MPa-stress-strain-cyclicloading-Griggsapparatus" is the equivalent of the file described just above at a temperature of 400C. The text file "Vermont-antigorite-500C-1000MPa-stress-strain-cyclicloading-Griggsapparatus" is the equivalent of the file described just above at a temperature of 500C.

Tags: Hydrostatic pressure, NERC_DDC, Serpentinite, Strain, Stress, Temperature
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Groundwater chemistry, hydrogeological data, geophysical investigations, borehole chippings analysis and local geology for the Tambora region of Tanzania. To investigate low permeability rocks in sub-Saharan Africa.

This data was produced to support a project looking at low permeability rocks in sub-Saharan Africa. Multiple boreholes were drilled for the project with geology identified from chippings. Groundwater chemistry was analysed from the resulting boreholes. The data contained within this record is from the CD that accompanies the report: J Davies and B É Ó Dochartaigh. 2002. Low Permeability Rocks In Sub-Saharan Africa. Groundwater development in the Tabora Region, Tanzania. British Geological Survey Internal Report, CR/02/191N. 71pp http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/505608/1/CR_02_191N.pdf The CD has not been uploaded in full elsewhere.

Tags: Groundwater, NERC_DDC, Water supply
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Time series inorganic groundwater data for the Oju/Obi area of Eastern Nigeria from 1997 and 1998. Rainfall chloride time series data from selected rain gauges from 1997. Clay mineralogy data from selected boreholes in Oju and Obi.

Oju/Obi is a remote part of Eastern Nigeria. There are severe water shortages during the 4-5 month dry season. The hydrogeology of the area is complex, and groundwater is difficult to find. In an attempt to understand and quantify the available groundwater resources within the area, DFID commissioned BGS from 1997 – 2000 to carry out a hydrogeological review of the area and devise appropriate and effective methods for siting wells and boreholes assessing groundwater resources and how best these resources could be developed. The field study involved the collection of time series data including groundwater chemistry and rainfall Cl along with mineralogical information. These results are being used by WaterAid, Local and regional Government to help local communities develop sustainable water supplies.

Tags: Groundwater, Mineralogy, NERC_DDC, Water supply
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Groundwater chemistry, hydrogeological data, geophysical investigations, borehole chippings analysis and local geology for the Afram Plains in Ghana. Investigation of low permeability rocks in sub-Saharan Africa.

This data was produced to support a project looking at low permeability rocks in sub-Saharan Africa. Multiple boreholes were drilled for the project with geology identified from chippings. Groundwater chemistry was analysed from the resulting boreholes. The data contained within this record is from the CD that accompanies the report: J Davies and J Cobbing, 2002. An assessment of the hydrogeology of the Afram Plains, Eastern Region, Ghana. British Geological Survey Internal Report, CR/02/137N. 66pp http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/505607/1/CR_02_137N.pdf The CD has not been uploaded in full elsewhere.

Tags: Groundwater, NERC_DDC, Water supply
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Supplemental data for 'Pore network model predictions of Darcy-scale multiphase flow heterogeneity validated by experiments'

Grant: ACT ELEGANCY, Project No 271498. This repository includes CMG simulation input and output files, processed micro-CT data, and pore network modelling sensitivity examples. CMG simulation, Matlab image and data processing

Tags: Carbon capture and storage, Digital simulation, NERC_DDC, Numerical data, Simulation, Tomography, X ray analysis
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
X-Ray micro-CT data and simulation files for paper 'Representative elementary volumes, hysteresis and heterogeneity in multiphase flow from the pore to continuum scale'

Grant: NE/N016173/1.The data presented herein comprises raw and segmented X-Ray micro-CT data, CMG simulation files and Matlab processing files for the paper 'Representative elementary volumes, hysteresis and heterogeneity in multiphase flow from the pore to continuum scale'. The data is organised as Core 1 and Core 2 respectively. Full core scans are obtained at a resolution of 6 microns. Region of interest (ROI) scans are obtained at 3.45 micron and 2 micon (core 1) and 3.5 micron (core 2). Resolution information is contained within the file names. Voxel sizes in the image files can be changed to match these values. Experimental post-processing files contain the upscaled saturations and porosity values in 3D, which are used in the paper. It also contains the pore-filling analysis. The CMG simulation files contain the input deck, 3D digitial core information (porosity, capillary pressure) needed to simulate both the drainage and imbibition core floods, with corresponding Matlab analysis files. These are Bentheimer outcrop cores obtained from Shell, Amsterdam. It is a shallow marine rock, deposited during the Lower Cretaceous. It outcrops between Enschede and Schoonenbeek in the Netherlands.

Tags: Carbon capture and storage, Drainage (dewatering), NERC_DDC, Scaling up, Tomography
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Inorganic and tracer data for groundwaters collected in Nigeria and Mali in 2010 as part of a project to look at residence times of shallow groundwater in West Africa and to assess the implications for hydrogeology and resilience to climate change.

The data includes field chemistry, major and minor ions (ICP-MS and IC), nutrients (DOC), and tracers (Tritium, CFCs, SF6, δ18O, δ2H, δ13CDIC) collected in Nigeria and Mali in 2010. There is a brief description of the source, depth and completion date of the borehole, type of pump, estimated village population and estimated rainfall. Work funded by UK Department for International Development.

Tags: Groundwater, NERC_DDC, Water supply
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Geophysical surveys in the Middle and Far East

Data from geophysical surveys carried out by the British Geological Survey in many countries in the Middle East, the Indian sub-continent and Indo-China for different agencies. The surveys range from regional gravity and airborne magnetic mapping to targetted surveys for mineral and water. Individual surveys do not yet have metadata entries: this entry describes a notional database that represents all geophysical surveys carried out within the region.

Tags: Aerial magnetic surveys, Geophysical surveys, Geophysics, NERC_DDC, Regional geology
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
The BGS Edinburgh Palaeontological Slides Collection.

PALSLIDES_ED is the BGS Edinburgh Palaeontological Slides Collection. It comprises two registration series. The MIC (microfossils) series, which is added to sporadically, includes c.950 individually registered slides (each with up to 100 cells) of microfossils (mainly foraminifera and ostracods). The PS (Palaeontological thin Sections) registration series, which has not been added to since 1987, comprises 4202 fossil thin sections and mounted slides, and includes various donated collections. Both the MIC register (10 volumes) and PS register (2 volumes) record the locality of each slide and any previous registration numbers. Stratigraphic information may also be given. Taxonomic information is not complete. There is, at present, no separate index (either analogue or digital) to the dataset, but it is included in FOSSLOC4. GSE_SPECIMENS and SMITH_GSE include those slides and thin sections transferred to the Type and Stratigraphical Collection from the Survey and John Smith collections.

Tags: Biostratigraphy, Fossils, Micropalaeontology, NERC_DDC, Palaeontology, Stratigraphy, Taxonomy, Thin sections
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Geophysical Properties Databank.

The Geophysical Properties dataset consists of density, velocity, magnetic susceptibility and thermal conductivity values, with related source, location and geology data. The data have been collected on a project basis, therefore the quality and completeness of the database coding is variable. The data is currently from the UK and Ireland although this may be extended. The data consists of samples with related data values - (1,000s), Density Values - Laboratory Measurements - (1,000s); Velocity Values - Laboratory Measurements - (1,000's), Magnetic Susceptibility Values - Laboratory Measurements - (1,000s); Magnetic Susceptibility Values - Field Measurements - (10,000s measurements on 1,000s samples). Borehole information for data obtained as Downhole profiles with related data values; British Rock Densities Project - Insitu density values obtained from the analysis of formation density logs - (10s boreholes with 100s values). Downhole Magnetic Susceptibility - Obtained for a confidential project with some offshore - (10s boreholes with 10,000s samples) . Thermal Conductivity - (100s boreholes with 1,000s samples), Mean Data Values derived from a data source such as published literature for a site or rock formation; Density - (100s), Magnetic Susceptibility - (100s). Information about the source from which data is obtained, Engineering Geology Laboratory Reports - (100s), Literature which may be published or unpublished - (100s). The database is not maintained and no new data has been added since 2004.

Tags: Geophysical surveys, Geophysics, NERC_DDC
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Digitised Mine Plan Data from the Midland Valley

Contains digitised mine plan contours, spot heights and worked ground outlines on key coal seams from the Midland Valley in ASCII or ArcView format. Incomplete, only some seams and some areas digitised. All contours digitised on key seams, worked ground outlines simplified, spot heights digitised where no contours exist.

Tags: Mine planning, Mines, NERC_DDC
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Nottingham's caves - archival material for digital register

Paper records and photos used to create the Nottingham Caves digital register and maps. Includes archival material of the caves known to BGS, around northern and central Nottingham. Data mainly captured in 1989, infrequent since then approximately 1 per year.

Tags: Archaeology, Archives, Caves, NERC_DDC, Reports
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Copy Seismic Sections.

This document data set contains paper copies of many of the seismic reflection survey sections from the original seismic sections data set (ORIGSEISECS) . These have been made for interpretation. Most data are within the UK onshore area; although there are some UK near-shore and offshore (North Sea, Irish Sea) and foreign data. Most data were acquired for commercial hydrocarbon exploration and subsequently provided to BGS for use on specific projects. Some data were acquired by BGS and other public-sector bodies, e.g. BIRPS (British Institutes Reflection Profiling Syndicate ), for academic research. The documents are dyeline prints or plain-paper photocopies. They are stored folded in boxes, approx 40 sections per box, approx 530 boxes. There are a lot of duplicates, there being an interpreted and uninterpreted copy of many profiles. Mostly concentrated in areas prospective for coal, oil and gas.

Tags: Geophysical surveys, Geophysics, NERC_DDC, Seismic reflection surveys, Seismic surveys
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Chemical Analyses of Various Limestone Samples from the UK.

Database of 3770 chemical analysis of limestone samples taken from across the UK. Analyses include CaO, SO3, Na2O,F, SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, K2O, SrO, P2O5, Cu, Pb, Zn, MnO, Fe. Location, sample type and host description are given. A limited number of samples, scattered across the UK.

Tags: Composition, Geochemistry, Limestone, NERC_DDC
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
UK geomagnetic observatory one-minute mean values

Digital one-minute values of the Geomagnetic field elements from Lerwick, Eskdalemuir and Hartland Observatories. Data are available from 1979 up to the present day. Most data are definitive, but recent data (within the last 2-3 years) and data between 1979 and 1982 are provisional and may be corrected in the future. The data from these observatories will not only aid scientific research into rates of change of the magnetic field and increase the accuracy of the BGS Global Geomagnetic Model, but will also provide data to exploration geophysicists engaged in current and future oil exploration.

Tags: Geomagnetic stations, Geomagnetism, Magnetic surveys, NERC_DDC, Observatories
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Industrial Mineral Assessment (IMAU) Report Maps

Many mineral resource maps for areas of Great Britain at scales of 1:25 000 and 1:50 000 have been produced by the British Geological Survey and its predecessors. Many of these maps were produced by the Industrial Minerals Assessment Unit (IMAU) from 1971 to 1986. Most maps cover a single 10 km x 10 km grid square, but some cover larger areas. The majority of maps are sand and gravel resource maps, but conglomerate, limestone, dolomite and celestite are also covered in certain regions. The maps show the locations of IMAU mineral resource blocks, the locations and categories of resource deposits and the locations of boreholes with indicative logs. A series of technical reports (Mineral Assessment Reports, MARs) was also created alongside the maps. Refer to the metadata entry for the Mineral Assessment Reports for more information. The maps are intended to be used for resource development, strategic planning, land-use planning, the indication of hazard in mined areas, environment assessment and as a teaching aid. The data was originally published in printed map form. The printed maps have been scanned and added to the BGS Maps Database.

Tags: Economic geology, Land use planning, Mineral resources, NERC_DDC
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
BGS Geoscience Imagebase

The Geoscience Imagebase is the BGS internal corporate repository for photographic images and their metadata and run on commercial software called Assetbank from Bright Interactive. It also includes other types of images such as diagrams, PDF's etc when required. The images can be scans of analogue photographs, or images taken with a digital camera. A key feature to be aware of with the analogue material is that we often hold the metadata for an image but may not have scanned it and hence the image may not be directly available from the system. Each image is given a unique image number preceded with a 'P' this is used to reference images in publications or elsewhere. The system will allow the storage of variants of an original image, e.g. An image with a given number may be cropped and enhanced, in these cases, it is possible to hold the original and the image derived from the original together. The holdings of the Geoscience Imagebase is diverse. The 'core' of the collection is the old Land Survey field photograph collection which began in 1892. Subsequent additions are images (analogue and digital) taken by BGS geoscientists; images taken by official BGS photographers on a range of subjects including of subjects from the Material Collections e.g. fossils, rock specimens etc. and images held in the BGS archives derived from BGS or from external donations. A selection of images is made available to the public via the parallel Geoscenic.

Tags: Geology, NERC_DDC, Photography
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
BGS International Minerals-Related Data Holdings Scoping Study Report

The object of the scoping study was to assess the feasibility of creating a BGS International Minerals Data Library by first reviewing the nature and extent of minerals-related data holdings accumulated by BGS overseas projects in the last 35 years. Other important considerations such as data quality, utility and ownership are also addressed. Minerals-related information is regarded as geological, geochemical and geophysical data which have relevance in mineral exploration, prospect assessment, resource evaluation and ore deposit exploitation. This includes surveys and multidisciplinary studies on all scales and covering a wide range of disciplines/methodologies. The only aspects that are specifically excluded from the inventory are those projects that deal solely with hydrogeological investigations, development of hardware, software and laboratory techniques, training, institutional restructuring and management. This report lists the information holdings and their various formats summarised on a geographical basis and puts forward a proposal for the development of a digital BGS International Minerals Data Library for Industry and Government.

Tags: Geochemistry, Geology, Geophysics, Minerals, NERC_DDC
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
BGS Photograph Collection

The official BGS photographic archive contains an estimated 300,000 photographs. The archive has been built up systematically since its founding in 1891 and is becoming a very popular educational resource for images of the geology of the UK and overseas. A wide range of topics is represented: field geology, landscapes, oblique aerial photographs, geohazards, marine operations, fossil, rocks and photomicrographs of rocks and minerals in thin section. In addition there are an estimated 225,000 photographs held with former groups, projects and individual geoscientists. The collections hold a diverse range of photographic material which includes black and white or colour negatives, transparencies and prints. The film formats range from 35mm to 10"X8" which includes both film and large format glass plates.

Tags: NERC_DDC, Photography
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)
Mineral veins of the Southern Pennine Orefield

3200 mineral veins (i.e. lead, fluorspar) of the Southern Pennine Orefield within the Peak District National Park captured as a single dataset in 1983 from BGS 1:10 560 published maps with additional veins from referenced literature. The data covers a small, very limited area. Also includes several pipe and flat deposits. Also includes mapped faults. The dataset is approximately 99.5% complete. Uses for the data include economic geology, mineral resources, mine hazards. Veins are numbered but not named.

Tags: Minerals, NERC_DDC, Veins
Organization: British Geological Survey (BGS)