AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Data from the Egrett Microphysics Experiment, with Radiation, Lidar and Dynamics campaigns (EMERALD-1 and EMERALD-2), part of the Clouds, Water Vapour and Climate (CWVC) programme

The EMERALD projects were airborne measurement campaigns designed to study dynamical, microphysical and infra-red radiative properties of cirrus clouds, using both in-situ and remote measurement techniques. The dataset contains static air temperature, static air pressure, relative humidity, water vapour mixing ratio, and ozone mixing ratio. These data are part of the NERC Clouds, Water Vapour and Climate (CWVC) programme.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
International Transport of Ozone and Precursors (ITOP-UK): Atmospheric Chemical Measurements and Analyses

Study of intercontinental transport of air pollutants by means of coordinated flights over the East coast of North America, the Azores and the West coast of Europe. ITOP was a component of the International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT), an international initiative which coordinates the efforts of various American and European groups who have developed plans for field campaigns in the summer of 2004, with the aim of improving our understanding of the factors determining air quality over the two continents and over remote regions of the North Atlantic. The British contribution to ITOP, referred to as ITOP-UK, was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) through the Upper Troposphere Lower Stratosphere (UTLS)-Ozone Directed Research Programme.

The ITOP-UK dataset includes trajectories and other forecast products calculated by John Methven (University of Reading), based on European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) forecast wind fields, to support ICARTT flight planning, near-real-time chemical analyses produced by the University of Cambridge, and data collected aboard the FAAM Bae-146 aircraft in July and August 2004.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Synthetic Aperture radar and Hyperspectral airborne Campaign (SHAC2000)

Data from the Synthetic Aperture Radar and Hyperspectral Airborne campaign (SHAC) run by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the British National Space Centre (BNSC). The campaign intended to provide support for industrial and academic research into earth resource and environmental monitoring. The campaign was managed by NRSC- now Infoterra. Fourteen different locations were flown in May and June 2000 in the campaign (see Fig.1), logistical constraints requiring two aircraft be used to fly the two instruments individually.

The campaign involved a large number of researchers from NERC-EPFS and CEH, BAE Systems and InfoTerra on the ground collecting information vital to making best use of the airborne data: simultaneous spectral, sun photometer and GPS measurements and the installation by DERA, now QinetiQ, of corner reflectors to gain geo-coding of the E-SAR data. The outcome was previously unavailable, state-of the art, airborne data of the UK, which informed 11 research projects.

The following list details the various SHAC2000 projects flown

ScotSHAC campaign in Glen Affric
Woodhouse, I., University of Edinburgh
Fractional ground cover estimation from hyperspectral radiometry.
Davenport, I., University of Reading
Radar measurements of wheat crops at the Boxworth site.
Quegan, S., University of Sheffield
Land Surface Biophysical Parameters from Multi-angular Hyperspectral and SAR data.
Lewis, P. , UCL
Carbon Offset Verification of Forest Ecosystems.
Dawson, T. , University of Oxford
Remote Sensing of Leaks from Aqueducts.
Malthus, T.,University of Edinburgh
Integration of SAR and hyperspectral airborne data for quantitative analysis of estuarine convergent fronts and water quality (ref: BNSC SHAC 99/004).
Ferrier, G., University of Hull
Synergy of HyMap and digital elevation data for the analysis of upland peat erosion pattern and composition.
McMorrow, J., University of Manchester
Thetford Forest: Retrieval of biodiversity indicators for temperate forest from remote sensing; and Monks Wood: Quantifying habitat structure and quality for woodland birds.
Balzter, H., CEH- NERC
Remote sensing of hydrology and vegetation dynamics in the New Forest.
Milton, E., University of Southampton
Assessing the environmental impact of historical basemetal mining at Parys Mountain, Anglesey, with HyMap data.
Lamb, A. and Denniss, A., Infoterra Ltd.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Global Vegetation Height Frequency Distributions from the ICESAT GLAS instrument produced as part of the National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO)

This dataset collection provides global (between 60 S and 80 N) vegetation height (or object height) frequency distributions per half by half degree longitude and latitude derived from ICESAT Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) waveform data.

This data was produced as part of the National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO)

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
GloboLakes: high-resolution global limnology data

This dataset collection holds high-resolution datasets related to in-land water for limnology (study of in-land waters) and remote sensing applications. These were produced by the Department of Meteorology at the University of Reading. 

Information on distance-to-land for each water cell and the distance-to-water for each land cell has many potential applications in remote sensing, where the applicability of geophysical retrieval algorithms may be affected by the presence of water or land within a satellite field of view (image pixel).

The data was recorded over a 5 year period from 2005-2010 on a global scale. It is expected that new and updated datasets will be added in the future.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
High accuracy line intensity data for carbon dioxide

High accuracy line intensity for carbon dioxide project was NERC (Natural Environment Research Council) funded. The aim of the project was to provide an accurate theoretical solution to the problem of CO2 line intensities based on the application of high accuracy, first principles quantum mechanical calculations for the intensities and experimental data for the line positions. 

This dataset collection contains measurements of high accuracy line intensity for carbon dioxide.

Atmospheric CO2 concentrations are being closely monitored by remote sensing experiments which rely on knowing line intensities with an uncertainty of 0.5% or better. Most available laboratory measurements have uncertainties much larger than this. The generated data is a result of a joint experimental and theoretical study providing rotation-vibration line intensities with the required accuracy. The calculations are extendable to all atmospherically important bands of CO2 and to its isotologues. As such, they will form the basis for detailed CO2 spectroscopic line lists for future studies.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
HITRAN (high-resolution transmission) molecular absorption database, part of the Clouds, Water Vapour and Climate (CWVC) program

The aim of HITRAN (high-resolution transmission molecular absorption database) was to characterise the amount and wavelength-dependence of absorption by water vapour and other atmospheric species. It was part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded Clouds, Water Vapour and Climate (CWVC) program. The dataset contains spectral line parameters derived from laboratory measurements on pure water vapour, and mixtures of water vapour and air. The measurements were made at STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Molecular Spectroscopy Facility, and the line fitting was carried out by the Department of Meteorology at the University of Reading. The spectral line parameters are displayed in HITRAN format. Water vapour lines were fitted to the laboratory data in the spectral range 5037 to 5585 cm-1. These data are public.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Chilbolton Advanced Meteorological Radar (CAMRa) data, part of the Clouds, Water Vapour and Climate (CWVC) programme

These data are part of the NERC Clouds, Water Vapour and Climate (CWVC) programme. With a diameter of 25 metres the 3 GHz CAMRa at Chilbolton Observatory (UK) is the largest steerable meteorological radar in the world. Polarisation and Doppler data are stored in netCDF format for 30 March 1999, 9 June 2000, 20 October 2000, 21 November 2000, and 28 February 2001. Quicklook images are also available.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Global Cloud and Aerosol Dataset Produced by the Global Retrieval of ATSR Cloud Parameters and Evaluation (GRAPE) Project as part of the Clouds, Water Vapour and Climate (CWVC) Programme

The aim of the GRAPE project was to produce a global cloud and aerosol dataset using a state-of-the-art physical retrieval of the entire duration of the Along Track Scanning Radiometer 2 (ATSR-2) mission (aboard ERS-2). This dataset will be compared and contrasted with existing climatologies (based on different instruments and very different retrieval algorithms). The GRAPE project was initially funded through the Clouds, Water Vapour and Climate (CWVC) Programme, a five-year NERC directed research programme. The dataset has been developed further within the National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) and now includes data from the Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR). The GRAPE dataset contains cloud optical depth, aerosol optical depth (cloud free), cloud phase, cloud particle size, cloud top pressure, cloud fraction and cloud ice/water path along with associated error measurements.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
HIgh Resolution Global Distributions of Temperature, Clouds, Aerosols, and 10 Trace Species Data from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) instrument measurements

HIRDLS was a joint US-UK development effort, with sponsorship by the British National Space Centre and the Natural Environment Research Council in the UK, and by NASA in the US. HIRDLS was an mid-infrared limb-scanning radiometer (21 channels from 6.12 to 17.76 µm and provides sounding observations to observe the lower stratosphere with improved sensitivity and accuracy. HIRDLS was carried on the Aura mission, part of the A-train procession of polar orbiting satellites forming part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS).

This dataset collection contains data of the global distributions of temperature, clouds, aerosols, and 10 trace species O3, H2O, CH4, N2O, NO2, HNO3, N2O5, CFC11, CFC12, and ClONO2 in the stratosphere and upper troposphere at high vertical and horizontal resolution in the Earth's atmosphere between about 8 and 100 km, from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) instrument. 

The instrument provides high vertical resolution information despite the fact that the optical beam is partially obstructed between the scan mirror and the aperture, probably by a piece of inner lining material that became detached during launch. HIRDLS science-team members have produced correction algorithms that make use of the partial view of the atmosphere (vertical scans around azimuth angle of 47 degree line of sight to the orbital plane, on the side away from the sun). In spite of this anomaly, HIRDLS has retained most of its scientific capabilities to support the Aura Mission.

HIRDLS was carried on the Aura mission, part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS). Aura was launched on 15th July 2004 at 11:01:59 a.m. BST from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds (MAC):in-situ airborne atmospheric measurements and NAME dispersion footprints model output

Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds (MAC) is an active NERC (Natural Environment Research Council) funded project (NE/K01305X/1). 

This dataset collection contains NAME dispersion footprints model plots. Aircraft data will be shortly arriving into the archive.

The largest uncertainties in future climate predictions highlighted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change (IPCC 2007) arise from our lack of knowledge of the interaction of clouds with solar and terrestrial radiation (Dufresene & Bony, 2008). In Antarctica clouds play a major role in determining the continent's ice sheet radiation budget, its surface mass balance and ozone climatology. However in spite of this there are few in situ measurements of cloud properties, aerosol numbers, Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) or Ice Nuclei (IN) with the main focus being on remote sensing data sets (see the review by Bromwich et al 2012). As a result the skill in climate and forecast models at high latitudes is significantly poorer than at mid latitudes. In this project a more representative of the Antarctic continent's coastal region was used. It is in this coastal region that clouds will have the biggest impact on the climate as in the interior of the continent the total cloud cover is less (Lachlan-Cope 2010) and those clouds that exist are more tenuous. To achieve this flights were conducted from the Halley research station.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
ACSOE ACE HILLCLOUD-96 and HILLCLOUD-97: Hill Cap Cloud Aerosol Data from Five Sites in Tenerife

The Atmospheric Chemistry Studies in the Oceanic Environment (ACSOE) was a 5-year Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) programme on tropospheric chemistry coordinated by the University of East Anglia and involving research groups from a number of UK universities and research institutes. The project had three consortia of UK institutes and universities, each of which focused on a different scientific topic. The Aerosol Characterisation Experiment (ACE) aim was to determine and understand the properties and controlling factors of aerosol in the anthropogenically modified atmosphere of the North Atlantic, and to assess their relevance to radiative forcing. The data was collected as part of the HILLCLOUD-96 and 98 experiments, where a hill cap cloud which forms over a ridge on the north east of the island of Tenerife was used as a natural flow through reactor. The dataset contains the size distribution, size dependent chemical composition and hygroscopic properties of the marine and modified continental aerosol arriving at the North coast of the island.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
Polluted Troposphere TORCH1: Tropospheric ORganic CHemistry Experiment (TORCH1) Ground-based Atmospheric Components Measurements Collection at Writtle College as part of the Polluted Troposphere Programme

The Polluted Troposphere Programme was a 5-year NERC thematic research programme which was centred upon the study of polluted boundary layer air and its transport to the free troposphere. The programme focussed on the regional scale, defined as intermediate between urban and hemispheric.

This dataset collection contains measurements of O3, CO, NO, NO2, C2-C8 hydrocarbons, C1-C4 oxygenated hydrocarbons, PAN, Peroxides (Organic and Inorganic), Organic nitrates, OH and HO2 radicals, Sum of RO2 + HO2 radicals, OH chemical lifetime, Photolysis frequencies (e.g. j(O1D), j(NO2), j (HCHO), Aerosol number and size distribution, Aerosol composition, Local meteorology, and 5 and 10 day back trajectories. Many of the instruments are also part of the Universities Facility for Atmospheric Measurement (UFAM).
 
TORCH 1 took place in July and August 2003 at Writtle College, near Chelmsford, Essex.

The goals were to provide both a detailed data set on organic composition in the polluted atmosphere, and to develop theoretical and modelling tools which may be used in defining future air quality policy.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
QUEST GSI (Global Scale Impacts of Climate Change): Climate, run-off and aquatic model simulations

QUEST GSI was led by Nigel Arnell (University of Reading) with co-investigators from the Universities of Aberdeen, Leeds, UEA, Edinburgh, Southampton, UCL, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, CEH and CEFAS.

This dataset collection contains model data simulations under various climate, run-off and aquatic scenarios.

A central aim of this project was to assess the global-scale impacts of climate change under a range of scenarios, across a number of sectors. A methodology was developed to construct scenarios from a range of climate models, representing changes under different emissions scenarios and fixed amounts of change in global mean temperature. Impacts were estimated across a range of sectors, including water resources, fluvial and coastal flooding, crop productivity and food security, ecosystem productivity and human health, at regional and global scales.

The project has provided quantitative information on these impacts and their distribution across the world. The general conclusions are that impacts may be significant at relatively low levels of climate change, that estimates of impact in some sectors are very uncertain due largely to uncertainty in projected changes in rainfall (particularly in south Asia), that there are no obvious thresholds for step changes in impact that are consistent across region and sector, and that socio-economic conditions may amplify or reduce impacts, depending on context.

A second project aim was to develop the methodology in such a way that it could be readily applied to estimate impacts under other climate scenarios representing for example specific policy objectives. With additional funding from other sources, the project methodology has been applied successfully to estimate the impacts avoided by a set of feasible emissions policies.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
RAPID The Impact of Climate Change on the North Atlantic and European Storm-Track and Blocking Model output data

Data from "The impact of climate change on the North Atlantic and European storm-track and blocking" project was a Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) RAPID Climate Change Research Programme project (Round 2 - NE/C509115/1 - Duration 14 Mar 2005 - 13 Mar 2008) led by Prof Sir Brian Hoskins of Imperial College London, Grantham Institute for Climate Change, with co-investigators also at the University of Reading.

This dataset collection contains climate model outputs from model runs xbzlf, xbzlg, xcpub, xcpuc, xcpud, xctf and xcth.

Rapid Climate Change (RAPID) was a £20 million, six-year (2001-2007) programme for the Natural Environment Research Council. The programme aimed to improve the ability to quantify the probability and magnitude of future rapid change in climate, with a main (but not exclusive) focus on the role of the Atlantic Ocean's Thermohaline Circulation.

The major impact of climate change in the European region is likely to be through changes in the storms coming through from the North Atlantic storm-track and in the blocking high-pressure systems that can occur there. Changes in the latitude, frequency or intensity of storms would have implications in terms of flooding and wind damage as well as average precipitation. Blocking highs bring settled spells with little precipitation and temperatures that can be much above average in summer and below average in winter, sometimes with snow. Again changes in their position, frequency or intensity would have important impacts. Reduction in the strength of the thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic could induce rapid climate change through its impact on the storm-track and blocking. Even smoothly increasing greenhouse gases could lead to rapid changes in the storm-track and blocking either through a reduced thermohaline circulation or a non-linear response. At present there is little confidence in the climate models' abilities to project such changes. In this project, new high-resolution atmospheric models, new analyses of the atmosphere since 1958 and new diagnostic techniques have been used to give such projections and an assessment of the confidence that can be had in them.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
RAPID-RAPIT: Meteorology, Climatology and Ocean model outputs

RAPIT was looking at the problem of estimating the risk of the collapse of the overturning circulation. Using modern statistical methods for the analysis of complex numerical models, large ensembles of two Atmosphere Ocean General Circulation Models (HADCM3 and CHIME) were analysed.

This dataset collection contains meteorology, climatology and ocean outputs from ensemble runs xfel, xfgb, xfha and xgym.

Studies of large excursions of the strength of the overturning in existing control runs were used to guide the choice of metrics and diagnostics.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
MarQUEST (Marine Biogeochemistry and Initiative in QUEST): Ocean optical and plankton model measurements

MarQUEST was led by Prof Andrew Watson (UEA), with 15 co-investigators at UEA/BAS, the Universities of Southampton, Essex, and Reading, and from the Plymouth Marine Laboratory and Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory.

This dataset collection contains ocean optical, chemical and plankton model measurements from SeaWiFS/SeaStar Level 3 products.

MarQUEST developed new methods of validating ocean biogeochemistry models, making use of remote sensing ocean colour data, in situ data sets and ongoing observations from the major European programmes CarboOcean and EUR-OCEANS. In the past, ocean biogeochemical models represented biological processes in very simple or rigid ways (e.g., single nutrient limitation, a single generic primary producer), limiting understanding of the role of ecosystems in the climate system. Increasing the complexity of models has presented new challenges for their validation; it is also not clear what the ‘optimal’ complexity of a model should be for any given real-world problem.

QUEST scientists cooperated in comparing various models, and examining more fundamental (physiological) approaches to understanding the planktonic ecoystem. MarQUEST also developed a module to simulate coastal ecosystems usable in global ocean biogeochemical simulations. Finally, the project team generated an accurate physical simulation of the North Atlantic guided by data assimilation, into which ecosystem simulations can be embedded. This allows the variation in air-sea fluxes of gases (CO2, oxygen and dimethyl sulphide) from ocean to atmosphere to be quantified for the contemporary period.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
ACSOE OXICOA OZPROF 96, OZPROF 97 and OZPROF 98: Ozone Profile Data from Aberystwyth, UK

The Atmospheric Chemistry Studies in the Oceanic Environment (ACSOE) OXIdising Capacity of the Ocean Atmosphere (OXICOA) was a study of oxidant, radical and related gas-phase chemistry in the clean and moderately polluted marine atmosphere. The objectives of Ozone Profile Experiment (OZPROF) was to obtain ozone profiles data which could be used to study the variations and structures of tropospheric ozone. This collection contains ozone profiles data obtained from Aberystwyth using ozonesondes and LIDAR for the period between 1996 and 1998.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis
QPENSO: HadCM3 model simulations output collection

Model simulations undertaken by the Quantifying variability of the El Nino Southern Oscillation on adaptation-relevant time scales using a novel palaeodata-modelling approach (QPENSO) project. These are coupled ocean-atmosphere experiments with a modified version of the HadCM3 (UM version 4.5) climate model. The model has been modified to include stable isotopes of oxygen in both the ocean and atmosphere sub-models, after Tindall et al., 2009. The simulations are grouped into two experiments: 1) 'picontrol', comprising a single 750 year duration unforced pre-industrial boundary condition simulation; 2) 'forced', comprising a suite of six historical simulations of the interval 1160-1360 AD and including changes in solar, volcanic and greenhouse gas forcing. The six simulations represent an initial-condition ensemble over this interval.
This project was funded by NERC under grant NE/H009957/1.

Organization: Centre for Environmental Data Analysis