AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Fuel moisture and micro-scale combustion calorimetry data for Calluna vulgaris across the UK, April-May 2023

This dataset contains fuel moisture contents and flammability metrics for samples of common heather (Calluna vulgaris) collected across the United Kingdom between 15th April and 20th May 2023. A total of 830 samples were used to measure fuel moisture content (FMC), and 130 of these were also subjected to calorimetric analysis. FMC data were obtained gravimetrically by weighing samples before and after drying. Flammability data were obtained by micro-scale combustion calorimetry, which measures heat release related to flaming combustion of a fuel material. The flammability metrics recorded were the heat release capacity (HRC), peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), and temperature at maximum rate of decomposition (Tmax). These data will contribute to the development of models of fuel moisture variability in UK fuels, and thus refine inputs for fire behaviour modelling, which can inform land management strategies in relation to wildfire risk. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/64d340d7-8f19-49f9-90e0-83d4013e76c2

Tags: Environmental Monitoring Facilities, flammability, fuel moisture, wildfire
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Fuel moisture content of vegetation in the UK, 2021-2023, measured as part of UK Fire Danger Rating System

These datasets contain sampled fuel moisture content data for vegetation, organic soil and leaf litter as part of the UK Fire Danger Rating System project funded by NERC (NE/T003553/1). The sampled vegetation comprises both live and dead heather, gorse, bracken, moor grass and moss. Where relevant, the canopy/leaves and stem were sampled separately. The datasets also contain associated information about the sample site characteristics (land cover class, elevation, slope and aspect) and meteorological variables (temperature, relative humidity and wind speed at the time of sampling). There are three datasets included which represent three separate studies: (i) UK-wide dataset which contains samples from sites across the UK from 2021-2023; (ii) North Yorkshire Moors dataset which contains samples from the North Yorkshire Moors, where sites were chosen to represent a combination of landscape characteristics, from five days in 2021; (iii) West Midlands dataset which contains samples from multiple volunteers on one day only across two sites. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/9334118f-3389-4a13-89a1-d75ec6fcc43a

Tags: Environmental Monitoring Facilities, North Yorkshire Moors, West Midlands, fuel moisture content, temperate, wildfire
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Land Cover Map 2021 (10m classified pixels, GB)

This is a 10m pixel data set representing the land surface of Great Britain, classified into 21 UKCEH land cover classes, based upon Biodiversity Action Plan broad habitats. It is a two-band raster in GeoTiff format. The first band gives the most likely land cover type; the second band gives the per-parcel probability of the land cover. A full description of this and all UKCEH LCM2021 products are available from the LCM2021 product documentation accompanying this dataset. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/a22baa7c-5809-4a02-87e0-3cf87d4e223a

Tags: Biodiversity Action Plan, Great Britain, Land Cover
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Soil chemistry measurements from the Kew Wakehurst Ecosystem Observatory, UK, 2021-2024

The dataset contains soil chemistry data from the Wakehurst Ecosystem Observatory and associated projects, maintained by the Royal Botanic Gardens (RBG), Kew. The variables measured include carbon, nitrogen, pH, bulk density, dry matter, organic matter, sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulphate, phosphorus, conductivity, cation exchange capacity, and soil texture. Each row records a single soil sample from a specific location at a defined depth band, with associated chemical measurements and metadata. The dataset contains 907 soil samples collected between November 2021 and November 2024 across 10 distinct project campaigns. The data were primarily collected to establish baseline soil conditions across the Wakehurst landscape, supporting research into soil carbon dynamics, fungal communities, and ecosystem function. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/a6594b8e-3f42-432a-bfb3-7bd7a15ac03a

Tags: Environmental Monitoring Facilities, Sussex, Wakehurst, monitoring network
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Plant physiological measurements in North Wales and Northwest England (2013, 2014 and 2016)

The data consists of plant physiological measurements from 15 sites located in the Conwy catchment (North Wales) and from 2 sites in North West England. Plant photosynthetic parameters for the maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax), the maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax) and the maximum light saturated photosynthesis (Asat) were measured on the dominant plant species as were foliar nitrogen (Foliar N) and phosphorus (Foliar P). Leaf mass area (LMA) and specific leaf area (SLA) were recorded on the same leaves. Data were collected in 2013, 2014 and 2016. The sites were chosen to represent habitat types and the terrestrial productivity gradient in Britain from intensive agriculturally managed lowland grasslands through to montane heath. Plots within the sites were located using a stratified random sampling design. Plant parameters were tested across a land use intensification gradient to detect parameters that can predict aboveground biomass production across different land management types. Data were used to enhance the predictions of biomass production in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator model (JULES). Measurements informed the improvement of the nitrogen cycle component in the model. Measurements were undertaken by trained members of staff from Bangor University, the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and Exeter University. This data was collected for the NERC project 'The Multi-Scale Response of Water quality, Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration to Coupled Macronutrient Cycling from Source to Sea' (NE/J011991/1). The project is also referred to as Turf2Surf. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/a9226e79-d4da-4d4d-bd39-3a6b4a7a327d

Tags: Conwy catchment, Environmental Monitoring Facilities, MCP, Macronutrient Cycling Programme, T2S, Turf2Surf, atmosphere-biosphere interaction, catchment scale, land use intensification gradient, plant-soil interaction
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Seasonal breakthrough curves of conservative (fluorescein) and reactive (resazurin and resorufin) tracers at an agriculturally-impacted stream at Wood Brook, UK, 2016-2017

This dataset contains breakthrough curves of conservative (fluorescein) and reactive (resazurin and resorufin) tracers resulting from instantaneous tracer experiments in a lowland agricultural stream. Breakthrough curves were measured seasonally at four locations within the stream, creating three experimental reaches, in the Wood Brook, Staffordshire from July 2016 to March 2017. Breakthrough curves were measured in-situ using on-line fluorometers configured to measure the excitation of fluorescein, resazurin and resorufin every 10 seconds. The breakthrough curves were measured to determine hydrological metrics of advective transport, transient storage and aerobic respiration. The work was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council, UK through a through a Central England NERC Training Alliance Studentship and grant NE/L004437/1, with additional funding provided by the European Union through the H2020-MSCA-RISE-2016 project 734317. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/5b34d963-d0f0-465e-b395-e955b89e1cd7

Tags: Hydrography
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Land Cover Map 1990 (25m raster, GB)

[THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN]. This dataset consists of the 25m raster version of the Land Cover Map 1990 (LCM1990) for Great Britain. The 25m raster product consists of three bands: Band 1 - raster representation of the majority (dominant) class per polygon for 21 target classes; Band 2 - mean per polygon probability as reported by the Random Forest classifier (see supporting information); Band 3 - percentage of the polygon covered by the majority class. The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. The 25m raster is the most detailed of the LCM1990 raster products both thematically and spatially, and it is used to derive the 1km products. LCM1990 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images (mainly from 1989 and 1990) into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is the first in a series of land cover maps for the UK, which also includes maps for 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019. LCM1990 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM1990 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/3d974cbe-743d-41da-a2e1-f28753f13d1e

Tags: Great Britain, Land Cover
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Soil invertebrate data 2007 [Countryside Survey]

This dataset consists of invertebrate (soil mesofauna) counts from soils sampled across Great Britain in 2007. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/fccd86b0-f5b6-4716-b4f7-f43ad82daeee

Tags: ITE Land Class, Shannon diversity index, Soil, acari, araneae, chilopoda, coleoptera, collembola, copepoda, diplopoda, diplura, hemioptera, isopoda, nematoda, nematomorpha, oligochaeta, opilones, pauropoda, protura, pseudoscorpions, psocoptera, pulmonata, springtails, symphyla, thysanoptera, thysanura
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Major ion and nutrient data from rivers [LOIS]

Discrete data for major ions and nutrients in river water for 13 sites in the Humber catchment over the periods 1993 to 1997 and 1996 to 1997 and for 3 sites from the Tweed catchment over the period 1994 to 1997. Ions and nutrients measured were: Ammonia, Calcium (dissolved), Magnesium (dissolved), Potassium (dissolved), Sodium (dissolved), Bromide-ion, Carbon (organic dissolved), Chloride-ion, Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphorus (soluble reactive), Phosphorus (total dissolved), Silicate (reactive dissolved), Sulphate, Carbon (organic particulate), Nitrogen (particulate), Phosphorus (total). Sites were sampled at regular weekly intervals and more intermittently during high flows (on average an extra sampling once a month per site). Samples were obtained using a wide neck PTFE bottle in a plastic covered bottle carrier (lowered from bridges where possible otherwise collected by immersing sample bottle by hand in the water as near the main flow as possible). Samples were filtered through Whatman 0.45um sterile membrane filters immediately on return to laboratory. Samples stored in sterilin tubes in the dark at 40C and analysed by Dionex DX100 ion chromatography system. Silicate reactive dissolved and Chloride-ion concentrations were determined by automated colourimetry and dissolved organic carbon concentrations were determined using a TOCsin II aqueous carbon analyser. Some samples on the River Aire were collected using EPIC automatic samplers. The analysis was carried out by members of the analytical chemistry section at York University (from April 1994 until November 1996) and at Wallingford Institute of Hydrology (September 1993 to April 1994 and December 1996 to April 1997), as part of the Land Ocean Interaction Study (LOIS). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/4482fa14-aee2-4c7f-9c62-a08dc9704051

Tags: Aire, Bromide, Calcium, Calder, Derwent, Environmental Monitoring Facilities, Humber, LOIS, Land Ocean Interaction Study, Magnesium, Nidd, Ouse, Potassium, Silicate, Sodium, Swale, Trent
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Climate hydrology and ecology research support system meteorology dataset for Great Britain (1961-2017) [CHESS-met]

[THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN]. Gridded daily meteorological variables over Great Britain for the years 1961-2017 at 1 km resolution. This dataset contains time series of daily mean values of air temperature (K), specific humidity (kg kg-1), wind speed (m s-1), downward longwave radiation (W m-2), downward shortwave radiation (W m-2), precipitation (kg m-2 s-2) and air pressure (Pa), plus daily temperature range (K). These are the variables required to run the JULES land surface model with daily disaggregation. The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable for each month of the data set. This data set supersedes the previous version as temporal coverage has been extended to include the years 2016-2017 and the netCDF metadata has been updated and improved. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/2ab15bf0-ad08-415c-ba64-831168be7293

Tags: CHESS-met, Meteorological geographical features, air pressure, daily temperature range, downward longwave radiation, downward shortwave radiation, specific humidity, wind speed
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Land Cover Map 2015 (25m raster, N. Ireland)

This dataset consists of the 25m raster version of the Land Cover Map 2015 (LCM2015) for Northern Ireland. This is the most detailed of the LCM2015 raster products both thematically and spatially, and it is used to derive the 1km products. The 25m raster product consists of two bands: Band 1 - raster representation of the majority (dominant) class per polygon for 21 target habitat classes; Band 2 - mean per polygon probability as reported by the Random Forest classifier (see supporting information). The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. This dataset is derived from the vector version of the Land Cover Map, which contains individual parcels of land cover and is the highest available spatial resolution. LCM2015 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. LCM2015 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the CEH web site and the LCM2015 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs. LCM2015 was produced at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images from 2014 and 2015 into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is one of a series of land cover maps, produced by UKCEH since 1990. They include versions in 1990, 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/47f053a0-e34f-4534-a843-76f0a0998a2f

Tags: Land Cover
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Dimensionless hyetographs and statistics of annual-maximum rainfall events in Great Britain, from historical rain gauge records

This dataset contains over 72,000 event hyetographs associated with rainstorms that contain Annual Maximum rainfall (AMAX) values for durations between 5-min and 24-hr for a set of ~1,300 rain gauges in Great Britain. The record length and completeness varies on a gauge-by-gauge basis, the median record length is 19 years and the processed record ends in 06/2018. Note that a rainstorm may have a different duration to the associated AMAX value, e.g., a 24-hr AMAX total may be caused by an 18.25-hr event. Further note that multiple AMAX totals may be embedded within a single rainstorm, e.g., Storm Desmond can be associated with the 2-, 3-, 6-, 12- and 24-hr AMAX totals for 2009 recorded at Honister Pass. Each hyetograph is accompanied by summary statistics corresponding to the underlying rainstorm and associated AMAX totals. This dataset enables the study of the temporal characteristics of rainfall as well as more general studies regarding the climatology of AMAX-causing events in GB. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/3d20ce5a-9115-4ad3-a55c-d51d66863757

Tags: Hydrography, extreme events, hyetograph, storm profiles, sub-daily rainfall
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Water resources quality data following extreme rainfall and floods in the Gaborone catchment, Upper Limpopo basin, Botswana

The dataset contains concentrations of Total Organic Carbon, Chloride, Fluoride, Bromine, Sulfate, Potassium, Aluminium, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Sodium, Phosphorus, Chromium, Manganese, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Arsenic, Selenium, Molybdenum, Cadmium, Lead and stable water isotopes (δD and δ18O) for 25 groundwater and surface water sampling locations, surveyed over the period February 2017 to May 2018 immediately following Dineo floods. The data were collected as part of the PULA project, which aimed at understanding the immediate effect of heavy rainfall and floods on water resources in arid Botswana and their transitional hydrologic readjustment towards the dry period, and the role of these events in supporting either or both resources replenishment and contamination. The project was co-ordinated by the University of Aberdeen, with partners at the Botswana International University of Science and Technology, the Government of Botswana Department of Water Affairs, and the International Water Management Institute. The project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council as part of its Urgency grants scheme. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/c7793128-1961-45d5-aa18-5f023116784b

Tags: Fluoride, Magnesium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Potassium, Sodium
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Modelled flood extents for Kampala, Uganda

Data comprise modelled flood extents for the Kampala district produced by simulating rainfall events over a 5m Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using a 2D finite-volume hydrodynamic model. The DEM was obtained from Makerere University and rainfall events were sampled across a range of depths and durations (for 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mm of rainfall over 1, 3 and 6 hours using flood depth thresholds of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mm). The effects of infiltration were included within green areas based on spatial data obtained from Makerere University. Maximum depths were converted into extents using various thresholds. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/e53dea2e-cb25-4f0f-b5f9-937eecf15aff

Tags: Kampala, flooding, hydrodynamic
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Grid-to-Grid model estimates of daily mean river flow for gauged catchments in Great Britain: weather@home2 (climate model) driving data [MaRIUS-G2G-WAH2-daily]

This dataset is a model output, from the Grid-to-Grid hydrological model driven by weather@home2 climate model data. It provides a 100-member ensemble of daily mean river flow (m3/s) for 260 catchments, for the following time periods: historical baseline (HISTBS: 1900-2006), near-future (NF: 2020-2049) and far-future (FF: 2070-2099). It also includes a baseline period (BS: 1975-2005). The catchments correspond to locations of NRFA gauging stations (http://nrfa.ceh.ac.uk/). The data were produced as part of MaRIUS (Managing the Risks, Impacts and Uncertainties of drought and water Scarcity), which was a UK NERC-funded research project (2014-2017) that developed a risk-based approach to drought and water scarcity. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/f6cac471-7d92-4e6d-be8a-9f7887143058

Tags: Catchment, G2G, Great Britain, Grid-to-Grid, Hydrography, River flow
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Diet, timing of egg laying and breeding success data for Isle of May European shag population 1985-2015

Data on timing of breeding, breeding success and diet of the European shag, sampled from the Isle of May population. The data were collected between 1985 and 2015 by visually checking nests and collecting regurgitated diet samples. These data are part of the Isle of May long-term study to assess population trends of seabirds under environmental change (IMLOTS https://www.ceh.ac.uk/our-science/projects/isle-may-long-term-study). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/6231bd5b-ee2d-4cca-a9ef-88006ffa4976

Tags: Environmental Monitoring Facilities
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre
Daily plot level (micro meteorological) data at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog Forest, UK, 2025

This dataset presents daily data from temperature and soil moisture sensors in each experimental plot (n=9 plots). Soil temperature is measured at 5 cm and 20 cm soil depth (degrees Celsius), and soil moisture is measured as soil volumetric water content (m3 per m3). Data were collected from the climate change field site Climoor that is located in Clocaenog forest, NE Wales. The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots (Plots 3, 6 and 9), three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours (Plots 1, 2 and 7) and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (Plots 4, 5 and 8). Data is an extension for the micromet datasets 1998-2015, 2015-2016, 2016-2021, 2022-2023, and 2024, covering the time period January 2025 to December 2025. Soil temperatures are measured with a T107 sensor from Campbell scientific. Soil moisture is measured with CS616 sensors from Campbell scientific. Temperature and moisture data are logged in minute intervals and are averaged as half-hourly. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported plot level temperature and soil moisture data are important to evaluate the effect of the imposed climatic treatments on ecosystem processes and functioning. Data collection, processing and quality checks were carried out by UKCEH staff. More detailed information about the field site, measurements and related datasets can be found in the documentation accompanying the data. This research was supported by NERC, through the UKCEH National Capability for UK Challenges Programme NE/Y006208/1. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/d8fb724c-9b03-4d83-86bc-ccc20eadcf61

Tags: Environmental Monitoring Facilities, NC-UK, plot level data
Organization: Environmental Information Data Centre