AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Database of wastewater treatment plants (ARA-DB) - cleaning type

Since the 1980s, the FOEN (formerly the Swiss Agency for the Environment, Forests and Landscape) has kept a database with information about the central ARA. The underlying original maps were drawn up by the operators of wastewater treatment plants each time a plant was opened but later, when technical improvements were made, they were not updated frequently or systematically. Information about key figures on wastewater disposal comes from a 2011 survey by the Swiss Water Association and is based on the SWA’s 2006 recommendations. The percentages of wastewater in receiving watercourses at low water were estimated as part of the FOEN’s “Strategy Micropoll” project. In future, the updated SWA recommendation will form the basis for definitions of the key figures. The survey will be carried out periodically. In addition, the FOEN surveys the condition of Switzerland’s communal wastewater disposal in cantons approximately every five years. This was last done on 01/01/2011.
Nighttime road traffic noise exposure

The map shows the nighttime road traffic noise to which the population is exposed. The data is based on area-wide model calculations (sonBASE). The Swiss road network included in this calculation covers approximately 45,000 km. The traffic data for road traffic was determined on the basis of the NPVM. To this end, approximately 4,000 traffic counts from 2021 were processed, which were carried out by the federal offices ASTRA and FSO as well as by the cantons and cities. The calculations are not legally binding. The only legally binding data relating to noise exposure and noise improvements are those issued by the responsible enforcement authorities, i.e. for motorways the Swiss Federal Roads Office (FEDRO), and for main and other roads the relevant cantonal authorities.
Perimeters of existing spectral micro-zoning studies

Perimeters for which a spectral seismic micro-zonation study is available with links to further information. The amplification of seismic waves through the local geology is modeled in a seismic spectral micro-zoning study. Local seismic amplification functions and response spectrums are determined as a result. These response spectrums can be used to determine the earthquake loads on buildings instead of the response spectrums of standard SIA 261.
Geochemical soil atlas of Switzerland: Antimony

Interpolierte Antimon-Konzentrationen (mg/kg Feinerde) in den Oberböden (0–20 cm) der Schweiz. Für die Ordinary Kriging Interpolationen (1 km x 1 km) wurden Messdaten von insgesamt 1'201 Standorten des Biodiversitätsmonitorings Schweiz, der Nationalen Bodenbeobachtung und des europäischen geochemischen Bodenatlas berücksichtigt. Die Element-Konzentrationen wurden in Königswasser Aufschlüssen (HNO₃:HCl:H₂O) von getrockneten (40°C), gesiebten (< 2 mm) und anschliessend gemahlenen Bodenproben mittels induktiv gekoppelter Plasma Massenspektrometrie analysiert. Standorte mit bekannter anthropogener Überprägung der Element-Konzentrationen (Punktquellen) wurden vorgängig ausgeschlossen. Bei den Ergebnissen des geochemischen Bodenatlas handelt es sich um eine Momentaufnahme der Element-Konzentrationen in den Oberböden der Schweiz (Probenahmezeitraum 2011–2015). Die interpolierten Karten dienen der verbesserten Visualisierung von Regionen mit erhöhten resp. tiefen Konzentrationen. Es können daraus jedoch keine parzellenscharfen Informationen oder definitive Rückschlüsse auf die Geologie, die Bioverfügbarkeit, die prozentualen Verteilung der geogenen und anthropogenen Quellen sowie die Belastung des Bodens abgeleitet werden. Zitat Publikation: J. E. Reusser, M. B. Siegenthaler, L. H. E. Winkel, D. Wächter, R. Kretzschmar, R. G. Meuli: Geochemischer Bodenatlas der Schweiz. Agroscope, Zürich, 2023.
Tranquillity Map

The "Tranquillity Map of the Swiss Plateau" illustrates where areas of near-natural character and low noise pollution still exist near large settlements within the Swiss Plateau. These areas are suitable for quiet recreation. To create the map, the biogeographical region of the Central Plateau was divided into a grid of 100 x 100 m cell size. By calculating various positive and negative factors that influence the experience of tranquillity and recreation through eyes and ears respectively, a "tranquillity" value was calculated for each grid cell.
Catchment units in karst regions

The Karst catchment units layer consists of the unit areas from which similar groundwater flow behaviour towards the karst spring can be expected. In particular, it allows for the phenomenon typical of karst regions that a subunit of the catchment can drain in different directions according to the hydrological conditions and therefore can feed several karst systems or springs (diffluence). The information in the categories Karst regions and Karst groundwater, respectively, is based on hydrogeological 3D models (KARSYS approach). It was developed, with the support of the cantons, by the Swiss Institute for Speleology and Karst Studies SISKA and is published by the Federal Office for the Environment FOEN.
Extent of groundwater resources in karst regions

The Karst water resources layer shows the extent of the water-saturated zone of a karstified aquifer projected to the surface. It is determined by the karst water level and therefore the elevation of the main point of emergence (spring) of that karst system. The information in the categories Karst regions and Karst groundwater, respectively, is based on hydrogeological 3D models (KARSYS approach). It was developed, with the support of the cantons, by the Swiss Institute for Speleology and Karst Studies SISKA and is published by the Federal Office for the Environment FOEN.
Daytime road traffic noise exposure

The map shows the daytime road traffic noise to which the population is exposed. The data is based on area-wide model calculations (sonBASE). The Swiss road network included in this calculation covers approximately 45,000 km. The traffic data for road traffic was determined on the basis of the NPVM. To this end, approximately 4,000 traffic counts from 2021 were processed, which were carried out by the federal offices ASTRA and FSO as well as by the cantons and cities. The calculations are not legally binding. The only legally binding data relating to noise exposure and noise improvements are those issued by the responsible enforcement authorities, i.e. for motorways the Swiss Federal Roads Office (FEDRO), and for main and other roads the relevant cantonal authorities.
Map of seismic subsoil categories according to the standard SIA 261

The site class is a required indication to determine the seismic action for a structure according to the building code SIA 261. The maps of site classes are indicative maps and are not parcel-specific. In case of uncertainties, the site class is mapped on the safe side. The maps are primarily useful in the context of preliminary studies. When planning construction projects, the plausibility of the site class must be verified on the basis of local studies. In case of differences, the site class based on local investigations should be used. The maps of seismic site classes are prepared and updated by the cantons on their own initiative based on the methodological guidelines of the FOEN. In agreement with the cantons FOEN makes these maps available centrally. Any requests for corrections or comments must be addressed to the respective cantons, except for the city of Bern and the St-Galler Rheintal (FOEN pilot maps). * Most maps are based on the description of the site classes of the SIA 261 building code, 2003 edition. This description was adapted in 2014. Differences in the description of the site classes between the currently valid building code SIA 261:2020 and the 2003 edition must therefore be taken into account. The reference building code (SIA261:2003 or SIA 261:2020) for mapping is given in the object information.
Invasive alien plants - map of the potential area Amorpha fruticosa

The set of invasive alien plants shows the maps of the potential areas of 56 alien plants species present in Switzerland as well as some invasive species present in neighboring countries with the potential to reach Switzerland. The maps are the result of model-based tool to anticipate the spread of invasive alien plants listed on the Swiss Black and Watch list. The model is using occurrence data from GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), current climate data from Worldclim(1 km resolution) and occurrence data from InfoFlora combined with climate data from the WSL (100 m resolution).The maps with 100 m resolution utilize additional necessary variables including landuse and geology.
Invasive alien plants - map of the potential area Helianthus tuberosus

The set of invasive alien plants shows the maps of the potential areas of 56 alien plants species present in Switzerland as well as some invasive species present in neighboring countries with the potential to reach Switzerland. The maps are the result of model-based tool to anticipate the spread of invasive alien plants listed on the Swiss Black and Watch list. The model is using occurrence data from GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), current climate data from Worldclim(1 km resolution) and occurrence data from InfoFlora combined with climate data from the WSL (100 m resolution).The maps with 100 m resolution utilize additional necessary variables including landuse and geology.
Nighttime railway noise exposure

The map shows the nighttime railway noise to which the population is exposed. The noise calculation is based on emission data for 2021 as reported in the railway noise register as “actual emissions.” These were calculated for the SBB, BLS, SOB, SZU, Zentralbahn, and RhB networks on the basis of traffic data provided by SBB and recorded in the 2021 emissions register (EK2021). Of the total 5,800 km of tracks for rail-bound traffic under federal supervision, approximately 4,165 km are listed in EK2021. The data is not legally binding. Binding information on noise pollution and noise abatement is provided by the federal enforcement authority, the Federal Office of Transport (FOT).
Precipitation sum June-August, period 2070-2099, Scenario RCP 4.5

The map shows the precipitation sum (in mm) for the months June to August calculated for the period 2070-2099. The precipitation anomalies of the climate scenario were added to the map «Precipitation June-August 1981-2010», derived from the standard value maps for precipitation from MeteoSwiss. Among the representative concentration pathways, RCP 4.5 with the model combination SMHI-RCA_MPIESM_EUR44 was selected as a projection for moderate climate change (NCCS 2018; Provision of the data by Remund et al. 2020) for the calculation of the precipitation sum in the future. The resulting map has a spatial resolution of 25 m x 25 m. It was used for modelling altitudinal belts of forest vegetation.
Geochemical soil atlas of Switzerland: Molybdenum

Interpolierte Element-Konzentrationen (mg/kg Feinerde) in den Oberböden (0–20 cm) der Schweiz. Für die Ordinary Kriging Interpolationen (1 km x 1 km) wurden Messdaten von insgesamt 1'201 Standorten des Biodiversitätsmonitorings Schweiz, der Nationalen Bodenbeobachtung und des europäischen geochemischen Bodenatlas berücksichtigt. Die Element-Konzentrationen wurden in Königswasser Aufschlüssen (HNO₃:HCl:H₂O) von getrockneten (40°C), gesiebten (< 2 mm) und anschliessend gemahlenen Bodenproben mittels induktiv gekoppelter Plasma Massenspektrometrie analysiert. Standorte mit bekannter anthropogener Überprägung der Element-Konzentrationen (Punktquellen) wurden vorgängig ausgeschlossen. Bei den Ergebnissen des geochemischen Bodenatlas handelt es sich um eine Momentaufnahme der Element-Konzentrationen in den Oberböden der Schweiz (Probenahmezeitraum 2011–2015). Die interpolierten Karten dienen der verbesserten Visualisierung von Regionen mit erhöhten resp. tiefen Konzentrationen. Es können daraus jedoch keine parzellenscharfen Informationen oder definitive Rückschlüsse auf die Geologie, die Bioverfügbarkeit, die prozentualen Verteilung der geogenen und anthropogenen Quellen sowie die Belastung des Bodens abgeleitet werden. Zitat Publikation: J. E. Reusser, M. B. Siegenthaler, L. H. E. Winkel, D. Wächter, R. Kretzschmar, R. G. Meuli: Geochemischer Bodenatlas der Schweiz. Agroscope; Zürich, 2023.
Invasive alien plants - map of the potential area Reynoutria bohemica

The set of invasive alien plants shows the maps of the potential areas of 56 alien plants species present in Switzerland as well as some invasive species present in neighboring countries with the potential to reach Switzerland. The maps are the result of model-based tool to anticipate the spread of invasive alien plants listed on the Swiss Black and Watch list. The model is using occurrence data from GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), current climate data from Worldclim(1 km resolution) and occurrence data from InfoFlora combined with climate data from the WSL (100 m resolution).The maps with 100 m resolution utilize additional necessary variables including landuse and geology.
Ecomorphology Level F – Drop structures

To enable surface waters to be fully protected, their status must be known. The Modular Stepwise Procedure provides the framework for standardized investigation and assessment of surface waters. The procedure is modular in structure and comprises surveys of hydrology, watercourse structure (ecomorphology), water chemistry and ecotoxicology, and the communities of animals, plants and microorganisms (biology).The Ecomorphology module surveys the structural characteristics of the streams and rivers in regions as a whole, e.g. cantons, regions, municipalities) (Level F). The “Drop Structures” layer identifies artificial and natural disruptions to continuity according to their type (wood, rock, concrete and other).
Hydrogeological sketch

Groundwater is present in all subterranean rock. This map gives a hydrogeological overview of Switzerland and its various types of aquifers. Important unconsolidated aquifers are located in the unconsolidated sediments of the major river valleys on the plateau and in Alpine valleys. Fissured aquifers in are widely distributed throughout the plateau and the Alps, whereas karstified aquifers can be found in the Alps and along the Jura mountains.
Swiss residual flow maps Return flows

The Federal Act of 24 January 1991 on the Protection of Water against Pollution (LPEP) and its provisions on residual flows came into force on November 1, 1992 in Kraft getreten. Under Article 80 ff LPEP, remedial measures must be taken, where possible, on existing residual flows by order of the authorities. The first step in the remedial process for cantons is to build an inventory of existing water catchments and submit it to the federal government. Cantons evaluate the indexed water catchments and decide whether and how necessary it is to take remedial actions. They record the results of their analysis and submit the report to the federal government. In order to review enforcement of the LPEP as concerns residual flows / remedial measures and provide information to the public and other interested bodies, the data on the water catchments submitted by the cantons is presented in a national residual flow map (Scale 1 : 200,000).
Ammonia Concentration

Ammonia can harm plants and animals and contributes to elevated nitrogen deposition. Critical levels for ammonia are established in the framework of the UNECE convention on long-range transboundary air pollution. Critical levels only apply for areas containing sensitive ecosystems. The critical level is set at 1 µg/m³ for lichens and between 2 and 4 µg/m³ for higher plants. The time series shows the mean ammonia concentration for the years 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 in a resolution of 500m. The model is based on national ammonia emissions of which more than 90% originated from agriculture. Detailed information about the model can be found in the report Critical Loads of Nitrogen and their Exceedances. Information about the calculation of ammonia emissions is available on the website of Agrammon. Actual ammonia concentrations can deviate from the modelled grid data. Single pixels must not be used for assessing ammonia concentrations at single sites.
Windstorm: Gusts at return period 30 years

The Windstorm Risk Maps show peak wind gusts and their dynamic pressure and the corresponding uncertainties. The maps provide a country-wide basis for the estimation of the regional windstorm risk, however they do not replace the Dynamic Pressure Reference (Standard SIA 261 Annex E). The windstorm risk is calculated on the basis of 83 winter storm periods between 1871 and 2011 and the 20th Century Reanalysis global data. Local influences, summer storms and thunder squalls were not taken into account in the calculations. The values specified for the peak wind gusts should not, therefore, be interpreted as absolutely accurate values and do not replace any location-specific reports. The peak wind gusts are underestimated for exposed Alpine locations (e.g. Jungfraujoch), in particular.
Swiss residual flow maps Supply

The Federal Act of 24 January 1991 on the Protection of Water against Pollution (LPEP) and its provisions on residual flows came into force on November 1, 1992 in Kraft getreten. Under Article 80 ff LPEP, remedial measures must be taken, where possible, on existing residual flows by order of the authorities. The first step in the remedial process for cantons is to build an inventory of existing water catchments and submit it to the federal government. Cantons evaluate the indexed water catchments and decide whether and how necessary it is to take remedial actions. They record the results of their analysis and submit the report to the federal government. In order to review enforcement of the LPEP as concerns residual flows / remedial measures and provide information to the public and other interested bodies, the data on the water catchments submitted by the cantons is presented in a national residual flow map (Scale 1 : 200,000).
Invasive alien plants - map of the potential area Elodea canadensis

The set of invasive alien plants shows the maps of the potential areas of 56 alien plants species present in Switzerland as well as some invasive species present in neighboring countries with the potential to reach Switzerland. The maps are the result of model-based tool to anticipate the spread of invasive alien plants listed on the Swiss Black and Watch list. The model is using occurrence data from GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), current climate data from Worldclim(1 km resolution) and occurrence data from InfoFlora combined with climate data from the WSL (100 m resolution).The maps with 100 m resolution utilize additional necessary variables including landuse and geology.
Invasive alien plants - map of the potential area Asclepias syriaca

The set of invasive alien plants shows the maps of the potential areas of 56 alien plants species present in Switzerland as well as some invasive species present in neighboring countries with the potential to reach Switzerland. The maps are the result of model-based tool to anticipate the spread of invasive alien plants listed on the Swiss Black and Watch list. The model is using occurrence data from GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), current climate data from Worldclim(1 km resolution) and occurrence data from InfoFlora combined with climate data from the WSL (100 m resolution).The maps with 100 m resolution utilize additional necessary variables including landuse and geology.
Groundwater temperature

The map provides an overview of Switzerland's current groundwater temperatures. The calculation is based on percentiles of the dataset for the standard period 1991–2020 or, in the case of a shorter data series, the standard period 2001–2020 (basic data in °C). A figure significantly lower than the average conditions (low groundwater temperature) is reached if the current value is below the long-term 10th percentile, i.e. it is among the lowest 10% of all the data measured for the relevant month in the standard period. A groundwater temperature between the 10th and 90th percentiles means that conditions are normal. However, a figure significantly higher than the long-term average conditions (high groundwater temperature) is reached if the current value is above the 90th percentile.
Mean daily temperature high in July, period 2070-2099, Scenario RCP 8.5

Mean daily temperature high in July (period 2070-2099). The temperature increase of the climate scenario was added to the map «Air temperature July 1981-2010». Among the representative concentration pathways, RCP 8.5 with the model combination CLMCOM-CCLM5_HADGEM_EUR44 was selected as a projection for strong climate change (NCCS 2018; Provision of the data by Remund et al. 2020) to calculate the temperature increase in the future. The resulting map has a spatial resolution of 25 m x 25 m. It was used for modelling altitudinal belts of forest vegetation.
Windstorm: Dynamic Pressure at return period 300 years

The Windstorm Risk Maps show peak wind gusts and their dynamic pressure and the corresponding uncertainties. The maps provide a country-wide basis for the estimation of the regional windstorm risk, however they do not replace the Dynamic Pressure Reference (Standard SIA 261 Annex E). The windstorm risk is calculated on the basis of 83 winter storm periods between 1871 and 2011 and the 20th Century Reanalysis global data. Local influences, summer storms and thunder squalls were not taken into account in the calculations. The values specified for the peak wind gusts should not, therefore, be interpreted as absolutely accurate values and do not replace any location-specific reports. The peak wind gusts are underestimated for exposed Alpine locations (e.g. Jungfraujoch), in particular.
Invasive alien plants - map of the potential area Lonicera japonica

The set of invasive alien plants shows the maps of the potential areas of 56 alien plants species present in Switzerland as well as some invasive species present in neighboring countries with the potential to reach Switzerland. The maps are the result of model-based tool to anticipate the spread of invasive alien plants listed on the Swiss Black and Watch list. The model is using occurrence data from GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), current climate data from Worldclim(1 km resolution) and occurrence data from InfoFlora combined with climate data from the WSL (100 m resolution).The maps with 100 m resolution utilize additional necessary variables including landuse and geology.
Mean daily temperature high in July, period 1961-1990

For the area-wide calculation, measured values from MeteoSwiss measuring stations in the period 1961-1990 were used. From the daily temperature curve, the highest temperature is selected, which occurs at all stations in the afternoon around 3 pm due to radiation. The mean maximum value of the daily temperature curve deviates slightly from the average daily maximum of the temperature. The maximum value of the daily variation was considered to be relevant for plants because it is associated with high solar radiation. Temperatures were spatially interpolated and vertically at different altitude levels using gradients. Exposure, radiation, glacier areas and cold air pools were also taken into account. The resulting map has a spatial resolution of 25 m x 25 m. It was used for modelling altitudinal belts of forest vegetation.