AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Water availability in the soil (site water balance)

The trees often have less water available during the vegetation period. •The water supply during the vegetation period is decisive for the growth and vitality of the forests. The availability of water can be calculated from the difference between precipitation and potential evaporation. This is the climatic water balance. If the soil reservoir is added, the site water balance is calculated. •The site water balance is closely related to the occurrence of trees, their vitality and growth. •The tree species have different demands on the water supply. While oaks are frugal, spruce need considerably more water during the vegetation period. •Trend: Return and expansion of yellow to red areas increase in the period 1981-2018. Period 1981-2018, April to August, spatial resolution 250m x 250m. Source: Remund et al. (2016).
Basis for determining Q347 flow rate

The Water Protection Act specifies how appropriate residual flows can be determined. This applies to new water withdrawals and also to existing withdrawals for which concessions have to be renewed. Anyone who withdraws water from a permanent (non-seasonal) watercourse - for power generation, irrigation or cooling purposes - requires a licence. This will only be granted if appropriate residual flows are maintained in the river- or streambed. The residual flow regulations are only applicable to new water withdrawals and to existing withdrawals when a concession expires and has to be renewed. The Q347 discharge is one of the fundamental parameters for setting minimum residual water flow. Measurements or suitable estimation methods are required to determine the Q347. The map “Grundlagen zur Bestimmung der Abflussmenge Q347” combines measured and modelled data. The modelled data represents rough estimates which can be improved by application of more advanced methods. In general, an estimate obtained in this way must be checked by performing a short-term measurement.
Monthly soil erosion risk maps for Swiss permanent grassland, with average soil loss in tons/(ha*month), May

Monthly soil erosion risk maps for Swiss permanent grassland with a spatial resolution of 100m. The maps show the average soil loss in tons per hectare and month. Shades of green, yellow and red mean a low, average and high risk of erosion, respectively.The monthly soil erosion risk maps were calculated using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). For this RUSLE application, the monthly dynamic of the rainfall erosivity factor (R-factor) and cover and management factor (C-factor) was considered as follows: A(month)= R(month)*K*C(month)*L*S*P where A(month) is the soil loss in tons per hectare and month and R(month) and C(month) are the monthly R-factor (MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹) and C-factor (dimensionless). The other erosion factors are soil erodibility (K-factor), slope length (L-factor), slope steepness (S-factor) and support practices (P-factor). The RUSLE factors were tailored to the specific environmental conditions of Swiss permanent grassland. The P-factor was included in the calculation as a constant with value 1 due to a lack of spatial information on grazing management and its effect on soil erosion.
Database of wastewater treatment plants (ARA-DB) - percentage waste water in the receiving watercourses at low water

Since the 1980s, the FOEN (formerly the Swiss Agency for the Environment, Forests and Landscape) has kept a database with information about the central ARA. The underlying original maps were drawn up by the operators of wastewater treatment plants each time a plant was opened but later, when technical improvements were made, they were not updated frequently or systematically. Information about key figures on wastewater disposal comes from a 2011 survey by the Swiss Water Association and is based on the SWA’s 2006 recommendations. The percentages of wastewater in receiving watercourses at low water were estimated as part of the FOEN’s “Strategy Micropoll” project. In future, the updated SWA recommendation will form the basis for definitions of the key figures. The survey will be carried out periodically. In addition, the FOEN surveys the condition of Switzerland’s communal wastewater disposal in cantons approximately every five years. This was last done on 01/01/2011.
Monthly soil erosion risk maps for Swiss permanent grassland, with average soil loss in tons/(ha*month), September

Monthly soil erosion risk maps for Swiss permanent grassland with a spatial resolution of 100m. The maps show the average soil loss in tons per hectare and month. Shades of green, yellow and red mean a low, average and high risk of erosion, respectively.The monthly soil erosion risk maps were calculated using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). For this RUSLE application, the monthly dynamic of the rainfall erosivity factor (R-factor) and cover and management factor (C-factor) was considered as follows: A(month)= R(month)*K*C(month)*L*S*P where A(month) is the soil loss in tons per hectare and month and R(month) and C(month) are the monthly R-factor (MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹) and C-factor (dimensionless). The other erosion factors are soil erodibility (K-factor), slope length (L-factor), slope steepness (S-factor) and support practices (P-factor). The RUSLE factors were tailored to the specific environmental conditions of Swiss permanent grassland. The P-factor was included in the calculation as a constant with value 1 due to a lack of spatial information on grazing management and its effect on soil erosion.
Assessment of the Chemical Water Status: Phosphate

Within the National Surface Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NAWA), water quality is recorded jointly by the federal and cantonal authorities at around 100 monitoring stations. The chemical water status is assessed on the basis of the phosphate concentration by the “Physicochemical Water Quality, Nutrients” method in the Modular Stepwise Procedure (www.modul-stufen-konzept.ch). Orthophosphate (PO43-) represents the direct physiologically effective phosphorus component for plants and is an indicator of anthropogenic nutrient loading in surface waters. In contrast to lakes, phosphorus in rivers and streams is not normally limiting for algae and plant growth. Thus a higher phosphate concentration in a river does not represent a eutrophication risk for the watercourse, but does indicate a concentration which is incompatible with the natural state as a result of anthropogenic inputs.
Determination and modelling of the upper timberline for the standard periods 1961–1990 and 1981–2010, and the future period 2070–2099

This map shows the natural upper timberline (excluding anthropogenic influences and without considering shrub forest) modelled for the periods 1961–1990, 1981–2010 and 2070–2099. The following representative concentration pathways (RCPs) and model combinations were used to model the future timberline: <br> - RCP 2.6 (Paris Agreement compliance scenario), with the model combination DMI_HIRHAM_ECEARTH_EUR11 as the projection for slight climate change, <br> - RCP 4.5 (limited mitigation scenario), with the model combination SMHI-RCA_MPIESM_EUR44 as the projection for moderate climate change, <br> - RCP 8.5 (no mitigation scenario) with the model combination CLMCOM-CCLM5_HADGEM_EUR44 as the projection for strong climate change. <br> The position of the upper timberline according to the digital height model (DHM25) is a function of the mean daily temperature high in July, the mean July precipitation, the mean snow-free period, the exposure, the slope and the bedrock.
Monthly rainfall erosivity (R-factor) maps of Switzerland in MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹, April

<p>Monthly rainfall erosivity maps (R-factor maps) of Switzerland with a spatial resolution of 100 m. The maps show the spatial and seasonal variability of rainfall erosivity in MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹. Light shades of blue indicate a low erosive impact of rainfall and dark shades a high impact.</p> <p>The monthly R-factors are based on precipitation measurements from 87 automatic gauging stations with measurement intervals of 10 minutes (average measuring period of 19.5 years per station). The stations cover all agricultural zones in Switzerland. To exclude the influence of snow, temperatures are also recorded at an hourly resolution for 71 stations or are derived from the nearest station.</p> <p>A comparison of the 12 monthly R-factor maps shows that the summer months (June, July and August) have the highest rainfall erosivity values during the year. The Southern Alps (canton of Ticino), the mountain zones of the Northern Alps and parts of the valley zone have particularly high R-factors in this period. A proportion of 62% of Switzerland's annual rainfall erosivity is recorded between June and September. Identifying regions and periods in which rainfall with an increased erosive impact occurs enables targeted erosion control and a better understanding of the dynamics of erosion processes over the course of a year.</p> The development of monthly rainfall erosivity maps of Switzerland is described in detail in 'Regionalization of monthly rainfall erosivity patterns in Switzerland' by Schmidt et al. (Hydrology and Earth System Sciences: 20. 2016. pp. 4359–4373).
Windstorm: Dynamic Pressure at return period 100 years

The Windstorm Risk Maps show peak wind gusts and their dynamic pressure and the corresponding uncertainties. The maps provide a country-wide basis for the estimation of the regional windstorm risk, however they do not replace the Dynamic Pressure Reference (Standard SIA 261 Annex E). The windstorm risk is calculated on the basis of 83 winter storm periods between 1871 and 2011 and the 20th Century Reanalysis global data. Local influences, summer storms and thunder squalls were not taken into account in the calculations. The values specified for the peak wind gusts should not, therefore, be interpreted as absolutely accurate values and do not replace any location-specific reports. The peak wind gusts are underestimated for exposed Alpine locations (e.g. Jungfraujoch), in particular.
Windstorm: Dynamic Pressure at return period 50 years

The Windstorm Risk Maps show peak wind gusts and their dynamic pressure and the corresponding uncertainties. The maps provide a country-wide basis for the estimation of the regional windstorm risk, however they do not replace the Dynamic Pressure Reference (Standard SIA 261 Annex E). The windstorm risk is calculated on the basis of 83 winter storm periods between 1871 and 2011 and the 20th Century Reanalysis global data. Local influences, summer storms and thunder squalls were not taken into account in the calculations. The values specified for the peak wind gusts should not, therefore, be interpreted as absolutely accurate values and do not replace any location-specific reports. The peak wind gusts are underestimated for exposed Alpine locations (e.g. Jungfraujoch), in particular.
Anzahl vergebene Swiss Olympic - und Talentcards im Kanton Thurgau

Dieser Datensatz enthält alle vergebenen Swiss Olympic Cards, sowie Swiss Olympic Talent Cards im Kanton Thurgau seit dem Jahr 2019. Aufgeführt sind Karten in sieben verschiedenen Kategorien, welche von einer lokalen Talentkarte bis zu der Swiss Olympic Gold Karte reichen.Eine Swiss Olympic Talent Card erhalten Athleten und Athletinnen von nationalen Mitgliedsverbänden mit einem anerkannten Nachwuchsförderkonzept. Die Swiss Olympic Talent Cards National und Regional sind eine Anerkennung der Förderungswürdigkeit im Hinblick auf eine erfolgreiche Elite-Karriere einer talentierten Athleten und Athletinnen, der Mitglied eines nationalen oder regionalen Nachwuchskaders ist. Als Swiss Olympic Talent Lokal werden junge Athleten und Athletinnen anerkannt, die in einer lokalen Leistungsportstruktur selektioniert und gefördert werden. Eine Erläuterung dazu, welche Voraussetzungen für die Swiss Olympic Cards Gold, Silber, Bronze und Elite erfüllt werden müssen finden sie hier: [https://www.swissolympic.ch/verbaende/foerderung-unterstuetzung/swiss-olympic-card/elite-bronze-silber-gold](https://www.swissolympic.ch/verbaende/foerderung-unterstuetzung/swiss-olympic-card/elite-bronze-silber-gold)Weitere Informationen rund um die Swiss Olympic Talentcards finden Sie hier: [https://www.swissolympic.ch/verbaende/foerderung-unterstuetzung/swiss-olympic-card/talent-national-regional-lokal](https://www.swissolympic.ch/verbaende/foerderung-unterstuetzung/swiss-olympic-card/talent-national-regional-lokal)Datenquelle: Sportamt Kanton Thurgau

Tags: forderung, jugend, kinder, nachwuchsforderung, sport, swiss-olympic-card, talent, talentkarte, thurgauer-talente
Air pollution by nitrogen dioxide

The term "nitrogen oxides" (NOx) embraces nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and nitrogen monoxide (NO). Nitrogen oxides form in the combustion of motor and heating fuels, especially when combustion is at high temperatures. Road transport is the main source. They are an important precursor in the formation of acid rain, secondary particulate matter and - in combination with volatile organic compounds - photo-oxidants (ozone/summer smog). Along with ammonia they form particulate matter and contribute to the over-fertilisation of ecosystems. Nitrogen dioxide and other irritant gases are also a causal factor in diseases of the respiratory tract. Children are particularly susceptible. The time series shows the modeled maps of the annual mean values since 1990 in a 200 m grid, and in a 100 m grid from 2020. The NO₂ concentrations may deviate locally from the modeled data. Individual pixels should not be used to evaluate individual locations. The annual limit for NO₂ set in the Ordinance on Air Pollution Control is 30 µg/m³.
Monthly soil erosion risk maps for Swiss permanent grassland, with average soil loss in tons/(ha*month), November

Monthly soil erosion risk maps for Swiss permanent grassland with a spatial resolution of 100m. The maps show the average soil loss in tons per hectare and month. Shades of green, yellow and red mean a low, average and high risk of erosion, respectively.The monthly soil erosion risk maps were calculated using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). For this RUSLE application, the monthly dynamic of the rainfall erosivity factor (R-factor) and cover and management factor (C-factor) was considered as follows: A(month)= R(month)*K*C(month)*L*S*P where A(month) is the soil loss in tons per hectare and month and R(month) and C(month) are the monthly R-factor (MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹) and C-factor (dimensionless). The other erosion factors are soil erodibility (K-factor), slope length (L-factor), slope steepness (S-factor) and support practices (P-factor). The RUSLE factors were tailored to the specific environmental conditions of Swiss permanent grassland. The P-factor was included in the calculation as a constant with value 1 due to a lack of spatial information on grazing management and its effect on soil erosion.
Mean runoff (m³/s) and flow regime types for the river network of Switzerland

For the entire Swiss river network natural runoff (m³/s) values (monthly and annual means) have been modeled and the flow regime types determined. «MQ-GWN-CH» constitutes a dataset for the entire medium-scale river network of Switzerland. No runoff values are given for rivers with watershed areas < 3 km²(limit of application of the underlying dataset) and ≥ 500 km²(given that in general for such cases a hydrometric station is available within a useful distance). The latter starts from the assumption that measured data are as a matter of principle to be preferred to modeled estimates.
HQStat flood statistics

Data on flood events is managed and statistically evaluated by the FOEN; the findings are made available in the form of result sheets. A systematic statistical evaluation of flood data from the discharge measurement network has been carried out since 1986. For a long time the Hydrology Division applied the "Recommendations on flood risk estimation" issued by the German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste (DVWK 1979; now DWA). From 2014 it has used a new method set.
Monthly rainfall erosivity (R-factor) maps of Switzerland in MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹, October

<p>Monthly rainfall erosivity maps (R-factor maps) of Switzerland with a spatial resolution of 100 m. The maps show the spatial and seasonal variability of rainfall erosivity in MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹. Light shades of blue indicate a low erosive impact of rainfall and dark shades a high impact.</p> <p>The monthly R-factors are based on precipitation measurements from 87 automatic gauging stations with measurement intervals of 10 minutes (average measuring period of 19.5 years per station). The stations cover all agricultural zones in Switzerland. To exclude the influence of snow, temperatures are also recorded at an hourly resolution for 71 stations or are derived from the nearest station.</p> <p>A comparison of the 12 monthly R-factor maps shows that the summer months (June, July and August) have the highest rainfall erosivity values during the year. The Southern Alps (canton of Ticino), the mountain zones of the Northern Alps and parts of the valley zone have particularly high R-factors in this period. A proportion of 62% of Switzerland's annual rainfall erosivity is recorded between June and September. Identifying regions and periods in which rainfall with an increased erosive impact occurs enables targeted erosion control and a better understanding of the dynamics of erosion processes over the course of a year.</p> The development of monthly rainfall erosivity maps of Switzerland is described in detail in 'Regionalization of monthly rainfall erosivity patterns in Switzerland' by Schmidt et al. (Hydrology and Earth System Sciences: 20. 2016. pp. 4359–4373).
Crayfish plague – Findings in Switzerland

Proof of the crayfish plague in Switzerland: Geo-referenced locations of populations with test results. The most cataclysmic disease for the European species is the crayfish plague (cause: aphanomyces astaci; oamycetes). This fungis was brought over from the Americas to Europe in 1880 and destroyed the majority of native European crayfish stocks since the European crayfish species die from it. However, the American species can carry the fungus and infect populations of local species by excreting spores into the water. This disease emerges irregularly every once in awhile in Switzerland.
Monthly soil erosion risk maps for Swiss permanent grassland, with average soil loss in tons/(ha*month), March

Monthly soil erosion risk maps for Swiss permanent grassland with a spatial resolution of 100m. The maps show the average soil loss in tons per hectare and month. Shades of green, yellow and red mean a low, average and high risk of erosion, respectively.The monthly soil erosion risk maps were calculated using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). For this RUSLE application, the monthly dynamic of the rainfall erosivity factor (R-factor) and cover and management factor (C-factor) was considered as follows: A(month)= R(month)*K*C(month)*L*S*P where A(month) is the soil loss in tons per hectare and month and R(month) and C(month) are the monthly R-factor (MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹) and C-factor (dimensionless). The other erosion factors are soil erodibility (K-factor), slope length (L-factor), slope steepness (S-factor) and support practices (P-factor). The RUSLE factors were tailored to the specific environmental conditions of Swiss permanent grassland. The P-factor was included in the calculation as a constant with value 1 due to a lack of spatial information on grazing management and its effect on soil erosion.
Kleinquartiere

Geodatensatz der Raumgliederungen der Stadt Bern. Die Kleinquartiere (KQU) teilen die Stadt Bern in 792 Quartiere ein. Kleinquartiere sind städtische Klein- und Kleinsträume. Sie sind die kleinste gemeinsame räumliche Einheit der verschiedenen Stadteinteilungen und bilden die Basis für statistische Auswertungen.
Windstorm: Dynamic Pressure at return period 30 years

The Windstorm Risk Maps show peak wind gusts and their dynamic pressure and the corresponding uncertainties. The maps provide a country-wide basis for the estimation of the regional windstorm risk, however they do not replace the Dynamic Pressure Reference (Standard SIA 261 Annex E). The windstorm risk is calculated on the basis of 83 winter storm periods between 1871 and 2011 and the 20th Century Reanalysis global data. Local influences, summer storms and thunder squalls were not taken into account in the calculations. The values specified for the peak wind gusts should not, therefore, be interpreted as absolutely accurate values and do not replace any location-specific reports. The peak wind gusts are underestimated for exposed Alpine locations (e.g. Jungfraujoch), in particular.
Thermal continentality at 1000 m a.s.l. in July, period 1981-2010

The thermal continentality in °C was calculated as the difference between the highest and lowest value of the daily variation of the temperature of July in the period under investigation (1981-2010). The map shows the thermal continentality at 1000 m a.s.l. in July. The resulting map has a spatial resolution of 25 m x 25 m. It was used for modelling altitudinal belts of forest vegetation.
Kataster der belasteten Standorte

Im Kataster der belasteten Standorte des Kantons Wallis, der gemäss den Bestimmungen der Altlasten-Verordnung des Bundes vom 26. August 1998 (AltlV) erstellt wurde, werden die Standorte mit beschränkter Ausdehnung erfasst, bei denen feststeht oder mit grosser Wahrscheinlichkeit zu erwarten ist, dass sie belastet sind. Der Kataster wurde im Einklang mit den Gesetzesvorschriften und den Empfehlungen des Bundesamtes für Umwelt und gestützt auf die verfügbaren Daten erstellt. Sein Inhalt ist also ausschliesslich vergangenheitsbezogen, und die Tatsache, dass eine Parzelle nicht im Kataster der belasteten Standorte aufgeführt ist, garantiert nicht, dass der Standort auch wirklich verschmutzungsfrei ist. Alle belasteten Standorte werden als Punkt, einige auch als Fläche, dargestellt. Die Informationen entstammen der Datenbank EvaN und beschreiben den Standorttyp, die geographische Lage sowie Verfahrensstand und Status gemäss AltlV.
Gauging stations for hydrological study areas

Since 1957 the hydrology division of the FOEN has operated a network of hydrological study areas aimed at observing long-term changes in the water regime within Switzerland’s most natural catchment areas and reflecting the scope of its wide-ranging climatic regions. Therefore, it covers the natural depth of runoff for about 40 catchment areas and calculates the monthly and annual area precipitation for many of these areas as well as their annual evaporation.
Invasive alien plants - map of the potential area Impatiens balfourii

The set of invasive alien plants shows the maps of the potential areas of 56 alien plants species present in Switzerland as well as some invasive species present in neighboring countries with the potential to reach Switzerland. The maps are the result of model-based tool to anticipate the spread of invasive alien plants listed on the Swiss Black and Watch list. The model is using occurrence data from GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), current climate data from Worldclim(1 km resolution) and occurrence data from InfoFlora combined with climate data from the WSL (100 m resolution).The maps with 100 m resolution utilize additional necessary variables including landuse and geology.