AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Nutrient and dissolved organic carbon in fresh and marine waters of Kwakshua Channel, British Columbia, Canada

This data package contains data associated with the manuscript St. Pierre et al. (2020), to be submitted to Biogeosciences. Data in this package characterise spatial and temporal variability in nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, silica) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in seven freshwater streams on Calvert and Hecate Islands, and the surface (0-5 m) waters at 13 marine stations within Meay and Kwakshua Channels on the British Columbia Central Coast. Briefly, the streams and marine stations were sampled at approximately monthly intervals between August 2014 and December 2018. Detailed information on sampling protocols, sample analysis, and data processing can be found in St. Pierre et al. (2020).

There are 4 datasets associated with this package. Data dictionaries associated with each dataset are included in the ‘Data dictionary.xlsx’ spreadsheet. Methodological information is detailed in St. Pierre et al. (2020). Each dataset is described below: 
‘Freshwater Chemistry (2014-2018) - Final.csv’: Concentrations of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon in mg/L. Used with discharge data to calculate stream fluxes.  
‘All watershed nutrient fluxes - Final.csv’: Daily nutrient and organic carbon fluxes by watershed between 1-Aug-2014 and 31-Dec-2018. Also includes stoichiometric ratios of the fluxes. 
‘Marine Nutrient + YSI data - Final.csv’: Measured surface water (0-5 m) nutrient and dissolved organic carbon chemistry across 13 marine stations in Kwakshua and Meay Channels.  
‘Watershed Time Series - Rain and Air Temp.csv’: Watershed-specific monthly mean, minimum, and maximum air temperature and total monthly rainfall. Climate normals, model monthly temperature and precipitation were extracted from climatewna.com (Wang et al. 2016) using the weather station coordinates for comparison with the measured quantities and are also included.  

Detailed methodology is found in:   
St. Pierre, K.A., Hunt, B.P.V, Tank, S.E., Giesbrecht, I., Floyd, W.C., Korver, M.C., Lertzman, K. (2020) Rain-fed streams dilute inorganic nutrients but subsidise organic matter-associated nutrients in coastal waters of the northeast Pacific Ocean. [To be submitted to Biogeosciences]

Associated are the discharge dataset (Korver et al. 2019a) and stream rainfall event sampling dataset (Korver et al. 2019b). Stream rainfall event chemistry is integrated into the ‘Freshwater Chemistry (2014-2018) Final.csv’ dataset.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Fatty acids of particulate matter collected from 2015 to 2018 near Quadra Island, British Columbia, Canada

This dataset presents fatty acids of particulate organic matter collected from station QU39 from 2015 to 2018. The first sample collection on March 13, 2015 was done at Hakai Institute station QU24 and all subsequent collections were done at the nearby QU39. Water for POM fatty acid analysis was collected from multiple depths in the 30 m surface layer and combined for analysis resulting in one measurement per sampling date. For each sample, approximately 10 L of seawater total were filtered on to previously combusted GF/F filters. Fatty acids were analyzed at the Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) Pacific Science Enterprise Centre as fatty acid methyl esters, separated using an Agilent CP-Sil 88 column, and quantified with a gas chromatograph (SCION 436) equipped with a flame ionization detector.  

Detailed information on methods are available in McLaskey et al. in prep.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Juan de Fuca Strait Current Meter Deployed 2021-08-07

The Nortek Aquadopp Current Meter A3L5380 AQD8375 was deployed on 2021-08-07 at Juan de Fuca Strait. Juan de Fuca Strait is a large body of water that connects the Salish Sea to the Pacific Ocean. This device is a Current Meter. Acoustic Current Meters (ACM) measure current speed and direction, using the Doppler Effect. Aquadopp current meters have a sensor head that contains 3 acoustic transducers, a tilt sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. The instrument transmits a short pulse of sound, and then listens to its echo to measure the change in pitch or frequency. The change in pitch can determine the velocity of the current. It was deployed on a fixed platform. Data from this deployment were archived and made available through Ocean Networks Canada's Oceans 3.0 digital infrastructure, with quality assurance and derived data products following established practices.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Surface water CO2 parameters collected by shellfish growers and partners in the northern Salish Sea from 2016 to 2018

pCO2 and TCO2 measurements were made on surface seawater collected by shellfish growers and partners in the northern Salish Sea during 2016 and 2017. Seawater was collected by hand into 300 ml amber glass bottles. Sample bottles were rinsed 3 times, filled with sample seawater with care to prevent bubbles, fixed with 200 µl of mercuric chloride, and crimp-sealed using polyethylene-lined metal caps. Temperature was also determined at the time of seawater sample collection and prior to with mercuric chloride addition using NIST traceable thermometers (VWR PN 23609-176). Finally, temperature and salinity were determined at the time of sample analysis at the Quadra Island Field Station (QIFS) using NIST traceable thermometers and a YSI MultiLab 4010-1 with a MultiLab IDS 4310 conductivity and temperature probe. The YSI probe was calibrated using certified reference materials of known salinity prior to seawater sample analysis. For detailed protocols on sample collection, data processing including CO2 system determination, and quality assurance, please see Pocock et al. (2017; http://dx.doi.org/10.21966/1.521066). CO2 system parameters (pH, pCO2, aragonite saturation) were computed using the carbonate acid dissociation constants of Lueker et al. (2000). Note alkalinity (Alk) here is assumed here to consist of carbonate, bicarbonate, borate, hydroxide, and hydrogen ions; neglecting the influence of nutrients and organic acids. The effort to collect these data are part of the Hakai Institute’s directive to advance the understanding of carbon cycling in northeast Pacific coastal settings with specific emphasis on ocean acidification.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Mussel Dynamics - Point Intercepts - BC Central Coast

The mussel dynamics dataset is a component of the Hakai Institute’s Nearshore research and monitoring program, designed to capture change in rocky intertidal habitats. The overarching objective of Hakai Nearshore research is to investigate the role of habitats and their associated communities, in the face of stress and disturbances from global climate change and local coastal perturbations. 

The dynamics of mussel beds were assessed from 2016-2023 at three coastal sites along the northwest edge of Calvert Island on the central coast of British Columbia. All three sites were exposed rocky shorelines with large beds of Mytilus californianus mussels. The structure and composition of the macroalgae & sessile invertebrate communities were surveyed in these beds using a point-intercept design within permanent plots. The sites were surveyed on an approximately monthly basis from May-September, with two winter surveys in November and February.

This data package is freely available to everyone, following the principles of equitable access and benefit sharing. However, we expect all data users to give attribution to the data providers (read our data license) and the use of these data should happen in the light of fair use, i.e.: 1) respect the data providers, and provide helpful feedback on data quality, and 2) communicate and/or collaborate with the providers if you are considering using this dataset for manuscripts or other forms of reporting.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Rocky Subtidal Fish and Invertebrate Community Surveys from the Central Coast of BC

The rocky subtidal fish and invertebrate dataset is a component of Hakai Institute’s Nearshore research and monitoring program. This dataset characterizes spatial and temporal trends in fish and invertebrate communities at 22 rocky bottom subtidal sites near Calvert Island on the Central Coast of British Columbia (2017-current). Data coverage varies by year and habitat type. Habitats include unvegetated rocky reefs and kelp forests (Macrocystis pyrifera and Nereocystis luetkeana) that were surveyed by SCUBA along 30 m transects. The total length and abundance of all fish and large invertebrates excluding urchins were measured. Seastar wasting disease was also recorded on surveys. This dataset characterizes fish and invertebrate distributions and community-level relationships in rocky subtidal nearshore areas representative of the British Columbia coast. 

This data package is freely available to everyone, following the principles of equitable access and benefit sharing. However, we expect all data users to give attribution to the data providers (read our data license) and the use of these data should happen in the light of fair use, i.e.: 1) respect the data providers, and provide helpful feedback on data quality, and 2) communicate and/or collaborate with the providers if you are considering using this dataset for manuscripts or other forms of reporting.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Oceanographic Mooring Time Series, Rivers Inlet, BC, Canada (Research)

This dataset presents a collection of water property measurements (Temperature, Conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen, Salinity) collected by high-accuracy instruments as part of the oceanography program at the Hakai Institute. The data is first compared to the profiles collected nearby during the deployment. Instrument clock is corrected to reduce clock drift. Data is reduced to consider only data collected within the water. Automated quality control is applied to detect spikes and potentially bad data, which is then manually revised.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Seawater Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Content from the Burke-o-Lator pCO2/TCO2 analyzer located at the Hakai Institute’s Quadra Island Field Station, Hyacinthe Bay, BC, Canada (Provisional)

This dataset includes continuous sea surface measurements of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), sea surface temperature and salinity collected from Hakai Institute Quadra Island Field Station in Hyacinthe Bay, British Columbia, Canada. Quadra Island, at the northern terminus of the Salish Sea, has been a site for shore-based and high-resolution measurement of surface seawater CO2 content since December 2014. Measurements of in situ temperature, salinity, and CO2 partial pressure are made near-continuously on seawater drawn from a sample line with an intake 50 m from shore and a depth of 1 m in Hyacinthe Bay on the eastern side of Quadra Island. The effort to collect these data are part of the Hakai Institute's directive to advance the understanding of carbon cycling in northeast Pacific coastal settings with specific emphasis on ocean acidification.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Biodiversity Surveys of the Gwaxdlala/Nalaxdlala Indigenous Protected and Conserved Area (IPCA) in Knight Inlet, British Columbia

This data package contains the datasets and reports pertaining to biodiversity surveys in Knight Inlet, British Columbia, Canada. This work is an on-going, collaborative project between the Hakai Institute, Nanwakolas Council, and Mamalilikulla Nation.

In September 2020 the Hakai Institute conducted an initial round of biodiversity surveys of the Gwaxdlala/Nalaxdlala (Lull Bay/Hoeya Sound) Indigenous Protected and Conserved Area (IPCA) in Knight Inlet, British Columbia, Canada using scuba surveys and environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling. Visual dive surveys and eDNA samples were paired at six sites in Knight Inlet, while dive surveys were conducted at three additional sites. eDNA samples were collected from the surface, midwater column, and bottom (8-25m depth) at each site, while dive surveys focused on the bottom (benthic) habitat. Dive and eDNA survey sites were selected based on the interests of the Mamalilikulla Nation and Nanwakolas Council in assessing the area for consideration as a marine protected area site in a broader network.

This data package is a component of the Hakai Institute’s Nearshore program. The Hakai Institute’s Nearshore research and monitoring program investigates the role of marine habitats and their associated communities in the face of change. The environmental DNA sampling and genomic data processing component of the data package is part of the Hakai Institute Biomolecular Observing Network (HI-BON), an endorsed project by the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. 

Permission to use this dataset must be granted by the Hakai Institute and Mamalilikulla Nation (please contact angeleen.olson@hakai.org for further dialogue) to the individual who makes the data request. Data can only be used for the permitted purpose and are not to be shared or repurposed. Please refer to the README.txt file included in this data package for more information.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Surface Seawater and Marine Boundary Layer CO2 Time Series from the Bute Inlet Ocean Observing Station (BIOOS) Buoy, Bute Inlet, BC, Canada (Provisional)

Bute Inlet, a prominent fjord on the British Columbia coast, has been a site for moored, high-resolution measurements of surface seawater and marine boundary layer CO2 content since June 2024. Measurements of temperature, salinity, seawater and atmospheric CO2 partial pressure were collected from a surface buoy located in the central fjord using a MApCO2 System. This data contribution consists of provisional measurements spanning the current year.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Water Property Measurements from Conductivity-Temperature-Depth Profiles, BC, Canada (Research)

Temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, photosynthetic active radiation, and turbidity data collected from 2012 to present by the Hakai Institute in waters surrounding Calvert Island, Johnstone Strait, and Quadra Island areas. This dataset presents data collected by oceanographic profiler instruments (RBR XR-620, RBR Concerto, RBR Maestro, and Seabird SBE 19plus v2) which have been automatically processed by following respective manufacturer's guidelines (see Hakai Water Properties Profile Processing and QA/QC Procedure Manual). 

The provisional processed data are then quality controlled by applying a series of tests that are following the QARTOD standards and more tests specific to the Hakai Institute data (see Hakai Water Properties Profile Processing and QA/QC Procedure Manual).  

The research dataset provides a subset of the provisional dataset which has been manually reviewed and judged good for science quality level.

Data were collected by the Hakai Institute Oceanography Program, the Nearshore Program, and the Juvenile Salmon Program.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Mean Tidal Current - Coastal British Columbia - Canada

Tidal Currents is a raster layer where each pixel represents root mean square (RMS) average tidal speeds (m/s) over a large number of tidal cycles. Raster resolution 500 by 500 m. Data from 2008. Original data was provided by BCMCA, and projected to BC Albers- reprojected for online use in WGS84 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere by Keith Holmes. More information about the original data and model used in Foreman et al, 2000.

The purpose of this dataset is to identify RMS tidal speeds within the Canadian Pacific EEZ to help inform the physical feature identified in the BCMCA Physical Report. Data presented as 2 km x 2 km planning units for MARXAN analysis.

Root Mean Square (RMS) of tidal speeds. RMS tidal speed is output from a 3-D diagnostic circulation model for the Northeastern Pacific Ocean (Dr. Mike Foreman, Department of Fisheries and Oceans). The modelled tidal speeds are barotropic, meaning density is not taken into account. The points extracted from this model were displayed and then converted into a raster.

Metadata File: http://bcmca.ca/datafiles/individualfiles/bcmca_eco_physical_hightidalcurrent_marxan_metadata.htm

Dr. Mike Foreman (DFO) / The British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis (BCMCA), a Tides Canada Initiatives Project

Publication Date: 2008

The British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis (BCMCA) is a collaborative project assembling and analyzing spatial information about Canada's Pacific Ocean. The overall goal of the BCMCA is to identify marine areas of high conservation value and marine areas important to human use. Results of the project are intended to inform and help advance marine planning initiatives in BC by providing collaborative, peer-reviewed scientific analyses based on the best ecological and human use spatial data at scales relevant to a BC coast-wide analysis.

Foreman, M.G.G., W.R. Crawford, J.Y. Cherniawsky, R.F. Henry and M.R. Tarbotton. A high-resolution assimilating tidal model for the northeast Pacific Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research. 2000. Pages 105:28, 629-28, 652.

No data value: -3.40282306074e+038

Dataset created by:
Dr. Mike Foreman (DFO) / The British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis (BCMCA), a Tides Canada Initiatives Project - Foreman, M.G.G., W.R. Crawford, J.Y. Cherniawsky, R.F. Henry and M.R. Tarbotton. A high-resolution assimilating tidal model for the northeast Pacific Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research. 2000. Pages 105:28, 629-28, 652., and the Hakai Institute.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Folger Pinnacle Current Meter Deployed 2014-07-23

The Nortek Aquadopp Current Meter ASL2552 AQD2565 was deployed on 2014-07-23 at Folger Pinnacle. Folger Pinnacle is an isolated pillar-like feature in Folger Passage, where biodiversity and coastal ecosystems are observed. This device is a Current Meter. Acoustic Current Meters (ACM) measure current speed and direction, using the Doppler Effect. Aquadopp current meters have a sensor head that contains 3 acoustic transducers, a tilt sensor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. The instrument transmits a short pulse of sound, and then listens to its echo to measure the change in pitch or frequency. The change in pitch can determine the velocity of the current. It was deployed on a fixed platform. Data from this deployment were archived and made available through Ocean Networks Canada's Oceans 3.0 digital infrastructure, with quality assurance and derived data products following established practices.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Juan de Fuca Strait Conductivity Temperature Depth Deployed 2021-08-07

The Sea-Bird Microcat SBE37SMP-ODO 9534 was deployed on 2021-08-07 at Juan de Fuca Strait. Juan de Fuca Strait is a large body of water that connects the Salish Sea to the Pacific Ocean. This device is a Conductivity Temperature Depth. Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) is an instrument package that contains sensors for measuring the conductivity, temperature, and pressure of seawater. Salinity, sound velocity, depth and density are variables that can be derived from sensor measurements. CTDs can carry additional instruments and sensors such as oxygen sensors, turbidity sensors and fluorometers. It was deployed on a fixed platform. Data from this deployment were archived and made available through Ocean Networks Canada's Oceans 3.0 digital infrastructure, with quality assurance and derived data products following established practices.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Data from: Prentice et al. 2025. Vibrio pectenicida strain FHCF-3 is a causative agent of sea star wasting disease

More than 10 years following the onset of the sea star wasting disease (SSWD) epidemic, affecting over 20 asteroid species from Mexico to Alaska, the causative agent has been elusive. SSWD killed billions of the most susceptible species, sunflower sea stars (Pycnopodia helianthoides), initiating a trophic cascade involving unchecked urchin population growth and the widespread loss of kelp forests. Identifying the causative agent underpins the development of recovery strategies. Here we induced disease and subsequent mortality in exposure experiments using tissue extracts, coelomic fluid and effluent water from wasting sunflower sea stars, with no mortality in controls. Deep sequencing of diseased sea star coelomic fluid samples from experiments and field outbreaks revealed a dominant proportion of reads assigned to the bacterium Vibrio pectenicida. Fulfilling Koch’s postulates, V. pectenicida strain FHCF-3, cultured from the coelomic fluid of a diseased sunflower sea star, caused disease and mortality in exposed sunflower sea stars, demonstrating that it is a causative agent of SSWD. This discovery will enable recovery efforts for sea stars and the ecosystems affected by their decline by facilitating culture-based experimental research and broad-scale screening for pathogen presence and abundance in the laboratory and field.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Seawater Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Content from the Burke-o-Lator pCO2/TCO2 analyzer located at Sitka Harbor, Sitka, Alaska, USA (Research)

This dataset includes measurements of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), sea surface salinity, sea surface temperature and other parameters collected in Sitka Harbor, Alaska, USA from 2017-06-01 to 2021-04-27. Sitka Tribe of Alaska’s Environmental Research Laboratory adjacent to Sitka Harbor, has been a site for shore-based and high-resolution measurement of surface seawater CO2 content since June 2017. Temperature, salinity, and CO2 partial pressure measurements are made near-continuously from a seawater sample line with an intake 50 m from shore and at a depth of 1 m in Sitka Harbor. The effort to collect these data is a collaboration between the Sitka Tribe of Alaska and the Hakai Institute with support from the Alaska Ocean Observing System.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Oceanographic Mooring Time Series, Hyacinthe Bay, BC, Canada (Provisional)

The QU5 mooring is a surface mooring deployed in a shallow coastal environment near the Hakai Institute Quadra Island station. The mooring is a test platform where low-cost oceanographic instrumentation is deployed at different depths. This record includes sea water temperatures at an accuracy of 0.2 degrees Celsius from 2018 to 2022, dissolved oxygen at an accuracy of 5% along with temperatures and conductivity from 2021 to 2022, and for a portion of summer 2024. The sensors are attached to an auxiliary line suspended from the surface buoy and along the main anchor line. Instruments are distributed tighter near the surface to better capture the higher vertical variability near the surface.

This dataset present the provisional dataset which has been automatically QCed and flagged.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Baynes Sound Carbon Dioxide Sensor Deployed 2026-06-08

The Pro-Oceanus CO2-Pro CV (SN 40-718-75) was deployed on 2026-06-08 at Baynes Sound. Baynes Sound is located between Denman Island and Vancouver Island. This device is a Carbon Dioxide Sensor. Carbon Dioxide sensors monitor CO2 levels in the ocean. CO2 sensors measure the partial pressure, or the concentration of dissolved CO2 in seawater by a variety of techniques. It was deployed on a profiling platform. Data from this deployment were archived and made available through Ocean Networks Canada's Oceans 3.0 digital infrastructure, with quality assurance and derived data products following established practices.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific
Juan de Fuca Strait Oxygen Sensor Deployed 2021-08-07

The Sea-Bird SBE 63 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor 630184 was deployed on 2021-08-07 at Juan de Fuca Strait. Juan de Fuca Strait is a large body of water that connects the Salish Sea to the Pacific Ocean. This device is a Oxygen Sensor. Oxygen sensors measure dissolved oxygen concentration in seawater. It was deployed on a fixed platform. Data from this deployment were archived and made available through Ocean Networks Canada's Oceans 3.0 digital infrastructure, with quality assurance and derived data products following established practices.

Organization: CIOOS-Pacific