AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Radiosonde atmospheric profiles in Baffin Bay and the Northwest Passage, 2016

Data are transmitted at a rate of one message per second via VHF radio (~400.00MHz). Each data message reports a value for pressure, temperature and humidity data (raw PTU data). GPS strings are also transmitted and are used to calculate upper-level wind speed and direction. All radiosonde data files are exported as a raw time series which will require quality assurance and post-processing.    
Before launch, the radiosonde's temperature, pressure and humidity sensors are calibrated using the Vaisala ground station calibration unit. Surface meteorological observations are also noted and recorded for each launch. Starting meteorological conditions are input into the sounding including: sea level pressure, air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed and direction. Radiosondes were launched twice a day at 0000 UTC and 1200 UTC during leg 3a and 3b of the Amundsen cruise 2016, except when winds were stronger than 25 knots

Organization: Amundsen Science
2017 ROV video survey in a deep-water environment at Lancaster Sound (Qikiqtaaluk) aboard CCGS Amundsen

A video-survey using a Super Mohawk remotely operated vehicle (ROV) was conducted in July 2017 at Lancaster Sound, Nunavut. The benthic environment was video-recorded and opportunistically photographed using a high-definition camera (1Cam Alpha, Sub C Imaging, 24.1 megapixels), at ~740 m. The ROV recorded transect data for approximately 1 km over a level muddy sand bottom with abundant Umbellula sea pens, Chondrocladia sp. carnivorous sponges, small Virgularia sp. sea pens, and common other sessile, sedentary and mobile epifauna and infauna including cerianthids, sea anemones, large Gorgonocephalus sp., and two common ophiuroid species, small holothurians and sea stars. The most common fish were eelpouts (Lycodes sp.), although several other types of fish were observed. Depth change over the 1 km transect was less than 10 m.

Organization: Amundsen Science
SX90 sonar data in the Beaufort Sea: 2014

The data set is composed of raw files recorded with the Kongsberg Maritime SX90 long-range, low frequency (20-30 kHz) fisheries sonar during the CCGS Amundsen 2014 summer expedition in the Beaufort Sea. The sonar transducer was lowered 2.5 feet below the hull through a gate-valve. The cylindrical 256-elements transducer allows both a horizontal and a vertical sound transmission, and the omni-directional sonar beam can be tilted from +10 to -60 degrees to scan a large portion of the water column. The raw acoustic data were saved onto an external drive and print screens of interesting targets (fish schools and/or marine mammals) were recorded.

Organization: Amundsen Science
2013 ROV video survey in a deep-water environment at Disko Fan, southeastern Baffin Bay, aboard CCGS Amundsen

A video-survey using a Super Mohawk remotely operated vehicle (ROV) was conducted in August 2013 in the Disko Fan area, SE Baffin Bay. A multibeam survey was conducted in the area before the ROV dive. The benthic environment was video-recorded using a standard-definition color camera, at depths of ~900-950 m.

Organization: Amundsen Science
Seafloor Relief from Multibeam Bathymetric Sonar, Beaufort Shelf and Slope

The data set includes images of seafloor topography of the Canadian Beaufort Sea, rendered in both grey-scale and colour-shaded false sun-illumination collected by the Geological Survey of Canada (Atlantic and Pacific) through the support of several organizations. The images are derived from soundings from a hull-mounted multibeam sonar system. Two research vessels were involved in its collection. The Canadian Coast Guard vessel CCGS Amundsen conducted 3 successive research-oriented field surveys, from 2009 to 2011 using a Knudsen EM302 multibeam instrument. Between September 10th and October 10th, 2013, the Korean Oceanographic Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) research icebreaker Araon surveyed with an EM122 system. The Amundsen data represent an integration of the 3 successive field surveys, data collection was a part of collaboration between oil and gas industry partners (Imperial Oil Resources/British Petroleum), the GSC-A, and ArcticNet. Collaborators from the University of New Brunswick's Ocean Mapping Group have operated the Amundsen's compliment of geophysical equipment for the past several years, extending into the 2011 Expedition. The GSC-A conducted initial and post analysis of the acquired data. The KOPRI dataset stems from collaboration with the GSC-P. Vertical sound speed profiles were obtained from CTD casting stations and these velocities were applied to the acquisition system for correct depth calculations. Geologic features in the image include large and smaller submarine landslides with associated cliffs, faults, translational blocks, retrogressive failure, debrites and evacuation chutes. Sediment cover and areas devoid of cover together with cross-cutting relationships indicate a range in age and process. Other features include mud volcanoes indicating past and recent efflux of mud and fluids to the seabed on the upper slope, iceberg, sea-ice and floating glacier-driven seabed scour, influence by currents and/or past sea-level which limited and locally removed shelf-break glacial and post-glacial muds, incision of shelf-break canyons with differential sediment infill, seabed current-influenced distribution of recent muds derived ultimately from the Mackenzie River, influence on recent distribution of shelf-break muds by the Beaufort Jet, and finally structural disturbance of outermost shelf muds, probably related to degradation of permafrost and fluid migrations, forming mounds, collapses and associated basins.

Organization: Amundsen Science
Incidence of light and ocean acidification on microbial community, dimethyl sulfide, dimethylsulfoniopropionate and macronutrients in Baffin Bay, Nunavut, Canada

An incubation experiment was conducted on board of the Canadian research icebreaker CCGS Amundsen between 6 and 15 August 2015. The water was collected near the nitracline at 38 m depth in Baffin Bay using 12-L Niskin-type bottles deployed on a CTD rosette system. A natural Arctic plankton community in a pre-bloom stage (initial high nutrient-low Chl a concentrations) was exposed over 9 days to reduced pH conditions under two contrasting light regimes. The two light regimes were designed to simulate the mean irradiance in an ice-free 5-m thick surface mixed layer (HL, marginal ice bloom conditions) and the mean irradiance at 5 m depth under a melting ponded ice pack (LL, under-ice bloom/ subsurface chlorophyll maximum conditions). The pH gradient comprised 6 levels covering the range of pH expected between the present and the year 2300. During the incubation, a phytoplankton bloom developed in every incubation bag and diatoms dominated the biomass (Chaetoceros spp.). Temporal variations of pH, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, chlorophyll a, macronutrients, DMS(P), flow cytometry (nano- and pico-phytoplankton, bacteria, virus), taxonomy, salinity and incubator's temperature are available.

Organization: Amundsen Science
ArcticNet/IORVL 1102b - Beaufort Sea CTD data

The CTD data was obtained during the 2011 ArcticNet scientific cruise #1102b with the participation of Imperial Oil Resources Ventures Limited (IORVL).

The data were collected from August 28 to September 6, 2011, aboard the CCGS Amundsen. There were 14 casts associated to 8 stations, located in Baffin Bay and Northwest Passage.

The following parameters were measured: temperature, conductivity and pressure (with a Sea-Bird SBE-9plus), dissolved oxygen (Sea-Bird SBE-43), fluorescence (Seapoint chlorophyll fluorometer), CDOM (Wetlabs FL(RT)D), nitrate concentration (Satlantic MBARI-ISUS 5T), transmittance (Wetlabs C-Star transmissometer), light intensity (PAR; LI-COR Biosciences) and surface light intensity (sPAR; LI-COR Biosciences).

Quality control procedures were applied to the data. Data are available on the Polar Data Catalogue and at the Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS) of Fisheries and Oceans Canada.

Organization: Amundsen Science
ArcticNet 0904b - Labrador Fjords CTD Data

The CTD data was obtained during the 2009 ArcticNet scientific cruise #0904b.

The data were collected from November 7 to 13, 2009, aboard the CCGS Amundsen. There were 24 casts associated to 22 stations, located in the Canadian Arctic.

The following parameters were measured: temperature, conductivity and pressure (with a Sea-Bird SBE-9plus), dissolved oxygen (Sea-Bird SBE-43), fluorescence (Seapoint chlorophyll fluorometer), CDOM (Haardt backscat fluorometer FL(RT)D), nitrate concentration (Satlantic MBARI-ISUS 5T), transmittance (Wetlabs C-Star transmissometer), currents (RDI LADCP), turbidity (UVP 5), light intensity (PAR; Biospherical Instruments QCP2300) and surface light intensity (sPAR; Biospherical Instruments QCP2200). Quality control procedures were applied to the data. Data are available on the Polar Data Catalogue and at the Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS) of Fisheries and Oceans Canada.

Organization: Amundsen Science
Regional variability of megabenthic community structure across the Canadian Arctic

Benthic fauna were sampled at 78 stations between June and October from 2007 to 2011 onboard the Canadian research icebreaker CCGS Amundsen. Station depths ranged from 34 to 1024 m, all below the average ice scouring zone. All faunal samples were collected with an Agassiz trawl (effective opening of 1.5 m and a 40 mm net mesh size, with a 5 mm cod end liner) with average trawling time and speed of 5 min and 1.5 knots, respectively.

Organization: Amundsen Science
Organic Contaminants in Canadian Archipelago: Central and Eastern, 2015

Air, water (grab and passive) and sediment samples were collected from on board the CCGS Amundsen in the summer of 2015 as a part of ArcticNet and the Northern Contaminants Program.  These samples were collected to determine the occurrence and levels of legacy pesticides and new and emerging priority compounds under the Canadian Chemical Management Plan.

Organization: Amundsen Science
Ichthyoplankton and zooplankton samples in the Labrador Sea and Canadian Arctic (2017-2024)

The dataset is composed of Ichthyoplankton and zooplankton captured during the ArcticNet cruise aboard the CCGS Amundsen from 2017 to 2024. Three samplers fitted with 200 µm to 500 µm mesh nets were used for zooplankton collection. One was a metallic structure with 4 nets of 1 square meter opening each (2x2 multiple net sampler) for water column integrated sampling pulled vertically over from 10 m above the bottom to the surface to catch mesozooplankton. The other sampler was 2 nets of 1 square meter opening each towed at 10 m depth for 20 minutes at 2 knots to catch ichthyoplankton and macrozooplankton. Finally, a 0.5 square meter opening multinet Hydrobios for stratified sampling into nine layer also hauled vertically from 10 m above the sea bottom to the surface. Zooplankton samples were preserved in a 10% buffered formalin seawater solution and were sieved through 1000 µm and 200 µm sieves for analysis. Ichthyoplankton was identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible, a sub-sample was measured and all larvea were kept in ethanol. Note: No data was collected from the Arctic during 2020 since there was restricted access due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Organization: Amundsen Science
Total Mercury and Methylmercury Profiles in Multiyear Sea Ice in the Southwestern Beaufort Sea

Replicate cores spanning the entire thickness of the floe were taken from a single sampling site on a multi-year sea ice floe in the southwestern Beaufort Sea in August 2011 as part of the ArcticNet 2011 cruise of the CCGS Amundsen. Quantification of total mercury (THg), methylmercury (MeHg), Chlorophyll a, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and delta 18O was performed on separate cores, and temperature and salinity profiles were recorded.  THg was analyzed via CVAFS on board the Amundsen in the Portable In-situ Lab for Mercury Speciation (PILMS), while MeHg was analyzed via GC-CVAFS in the Ultra-Clean Trace Elements Lab (UCTEL) at the University of Manitoba.  Chlorophyll a concentrations were analyzed onboard the Amundsen via fluorimetry, and salinity was recorded using a Hach Sension probe.  DOC was analyzed by Dr. Michel Gosselin's lab at the Université du Québec à Rimouski via a high-temperature combustion Shimadzu TOC-5000A autoanalyzer. Delta 18O analysis was performed by G.G. Hatch Isotope Laboratories, University of Ottawa, Canada.  Samples and standards (calibrated  against several samples of Vienna - SMOW) were flushed with a gas mixture of 2 % CO2 in helium off-line, equilibrated at 21°C for 5 d, then analyzed using the Gasbench + DeltaPlus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer (ThermoFinnigan, Germany).

Organization: Amundsen Science
Mercury Concentrations and Rates of Biogeochemical Transformations in Marine Waters of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

Sample collection took place during both legs of the 2005 CCGS Amundsen cruise, during Leg 1 in 2006 and during Leg 3 in 2007. Water samples were collected using Teflon-lined Niskin bottles mounted on the ship¿s rosette system, at sites ranging from Hudson Bay, the North Open Water Polynya, the Northwest Passage and the Beaufort Sea. The water column was sampled at the surface, middle and bottom in 2005 and 2006 and at the surface and chlorophyll maximum in 2007. The resulting water chemistry dataset includes concentrations of total Hg, MMHg, DMHg and GEM in water. In addition, samples were also analyzed for sulfate and dissolved organic carbon in 2007 and for sulfate only in 2006. To quantify rates of biogeochemical Hg transformations in the water column, some water samples were amended with Hg stable-isotope tracers, namely 198Hg(II) and MM199Hg, and incubated on-board the ship for up to 25 hours before being preserved by acidification or freezing. Samples were then analyzed for MMHg, DMHg and GEM, using various mass-spectroscopy techniques at either the University of Alberta or Trent University. Thus, the rate of transformation of the 198Hg(II) tracer into MM198Hg, for example, could be quantified. This dataset includes rate constants for the following water column processes: the methylation of Hg(II) to MMHg, the methylation of MMHg to DMHg, the demethylation of MMHg, the reduction of MMHg to Hg(0) and the reduction of Hg(II) to Hg(0).

Organization: Amundsen Science
ArcticNet 1305 - Northwest Passage CTD data

The CTD data was obtained during the 2013 ArcticNet scientific cruise #1305.

The data were collected from September 6 to 15, 2013, aboard the CCGS Amundsen. There were 11 casts associated to 6 stations, located in the Northwest Passage.

The following parameters were measured: temperature, conductivity and pressure (with a Sea-Bird SBE-9plus), dissolved oxygen (Sea-Bird SBE-43), fluorescence (Seapoint chlorophyll fluorometer), CDOM (Wetlabs FL(RT)D), nitrate concentration (Satlantic MBARI-ISUS 5T), transmittance (Wetlabs C-Star transmissometer), light intensity (PAR; LI-COR Biosciences) and surface light intensity (sPAR; LI-COR Biosciences).

Quality control procedures were applied to the data. Data are available on the Polar Data Catalogue and at the Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS) of Fisheries and Oceans Canada.

Organization: Amundsen Science
Shipborne dissolved concentrations of benzene and toluene in surface seawater and depth profiles and air sea fluxes in Canadian Arctic/Baffin Bay area, 2017

Dissolved concentrations of these gases were measured using a segmented flow coil equilibrator (SFCE) coupled to a Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS).  Detailed description of the installation on board and the data analysis specific to this deployment can be found in the data citation. Briefly, the SFCE-PTR-MS was set up in one of the labs near the front of the ship and used to sample either discrete samples from depth profiles or underway seawater from the main seawater inlet of the ship. Sampling occurs on leg 2b of 2017 Amundsen science cruise from 17 July until 8 August. The research vessel travelled from Iqaluit northwards through Davis Strait and Baffin Bay to reach Smith Sound. In this area, more intense depth profile sampling was carried out. The vessel then travelled to Pond Inlet and Resolute. Sampling ended south of Resolute in Peel Sound. Depth profiles of dissolved gas concentrations were measured from the Rosette-mounted Niskin bottles as discrete samples from the near surface (about 2 m) to 60 m depth at a total of 21 stations as per availability. The exact sampling depth as determined by the CTD crew is listed in the "CTD concentrations" data file. When logistically feasible at station, a handheld vertical 5 dm^(3) Niskin bottle was deployed off the front starboard side of the ship to sample approximately the top 30 cm from the ocean surface. This was done by bringing the Niskin bottle up from approximately 3 m and firing it just before it reached the surface using rope marks as depth indicators, similar to described in Ahmed et al. (2020). Samples collected with this method are marked as sampled from 0.3 m in the "CTD concentrations" data file. Detailed description of the data units is presented in the ReadMe file.

Organization: Amundsen Science
ArcticNet 1103a - Beaufort Sea CTD data

The CTD data was obtained during the 2011 ArcticNet scientific cruise #1103a.

The data were collected from September 26 to October 3, 2011, aboard the CCGS Amundsen. There were 35 casts associated to 27 stations, located in Baffin Bay and the Northwest Passage.

The following parameters were measured: temperature, conductivity and pressure (with a Sea-Bird SBE-9plus), dissolved oxygen (Sea-Bird SBE-43), fluorescence (Seapoint chlorophyll fluorometer), CDOM (Wetlabs FL(RT)D), nitrate concentration (Satlantic MBARI-ISUS 5T), transmittance (Wetlabs C-Star transmissometer), light intensity (PAR; LI-COR Biosciences) and surface light intensity (sPAR; LI-COR Biosciences).

Quality control procedures were applied to the data. Data are available on the Polar Data Catalogue and at the Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS) of Fisheries and Oceans Canada.

Organization: Amundsen Science
Arctic-SOLAS 2007 atmospheric DMS, SO2, aerosol sulfate and MSA

The database consists of hourly atmospheric DMS concentrations, daily SO2 and total sulfate concentrations and three-day concentrations of size segregated aerosol sulfate. Samples were taken on the top of the navigation bridge of the CCGS Amundsen as it cruised along Baffin Bay and the Northwest Passage. Hourly samples of DMS was obtained using a customized DMS sampler. Samples were analyzed using a gas chromatograph fitted with a sulfur chemiluminesence detector (GC-SCD) to obtain atmospheric DMS concentrations. SO2 and total aerosol samples were obtained daily using a high volume sampler fitted with a quartz microfiber filter and K2CO3 treated cellulouse filter. Size segragated aerosol samples were obtained using a highvolume sampler fitted with slotted quartz filters on a 5 stage cascade impactor run for three days each sample. Concentrations of SO2, sulfate and MSA as well as other ions from the filter papers were obtained using ion chromatography. Delta34S values of SO2 and sulfate were obtained using a continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Delta34S  is reported based on the Vienna Canyon Diablo Troillite (V-CDT) international standard.

Organization: Amundsen Science
2018 ROV video survey at SE Saglek Bank (Northern Labrador) aboard CCGS Amundsen (dive 63)

A remotely operated vehicle (ROV) video survey was conducted at the Saglek Bank location, at a depth of ~550 m in July 2018. The primary purpose of this ROV dive was to verify whether the location was suitable for the deployment of a lander (ATLAS project). Another objective was the geological and biological site characterization across depths, and sampling of dead coral skeletons, live corals for stable isotopes and lipids, and sponges for stable isotopes. The location was considered suitable for the deployment of a lander (i.e. rocks scarce on the bottom), but problems with the ROV refrained sample collection.

Organization: Amundsen Science
ArcticNet 0501b - Northwest Passage CTD data

The CTD data was obtained during the 2005 ArcticNet scientific cruise #0501. The data were collected from August 14 to September 14, 2005, aboard the CCGS Amundsen. There were 30 casts, associated to 18 oceanographic stations, in the Northwest Passage. 

The following parameters were measured: temperature, conductivity and pressure (with a Sea-Bird SBE-9plus), dissolved oxygen (Sea-Bird SBE-43), pH (Sea-Bird SBE-18-I), fluorescence (Seapoint chlorophyll fluorometer), nitrate concentration (Satlantic MBARI-ISUS 5T), transmittance (Wetlabs C-Star transmissometer), light intensity (PAR; Biospherical Instruments QCP2300) and surface light intensity (sPAR; Biospherical Instruments QCP2200). Quality control procedures were applied to the data. Data are available on the Polar Data Catalogue and at the Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS) of Fisheries and Oceans Canada.

Organization: Amundsen Science
Functioning of benthic hotspots versus coldspots ecosystems in the Canadian Arctic

Samples were collected from nine sites distributed across the study region in 2008 and 2009. To avoid confounding influence of seasons, the same sites were sampled in the same season each year. Sampling was conducted onboard the CCGS Amundsen between July and October during the Circumpolar Flaw Lead Study, ArcticNet expeditions in collaboration with the Canadian Healthy Ocean Network and the Malina project. Locations were chosen to study both hotspots and coldspots in the Canadian Arctic.
At each sampling station, an USNEL box corer was deployed for seafloor sediment collection. From each box core, three to five sub-cores of 10 cm diameter and approximately 20 cm sediment depth were taken for assessing benthic remineralisation function in shipboard microcosm incubations. After incubation, the same sediment cores were passed through a 0.5 mm mesh sieve under slow running seawater. The sieve residues were preserved in a 4%
seawater-formaldehyde solution for later analyses of species diversity and abundance under a dissection microscope.

Organization: Amundsen Science
Biological data of Arctic cod larvae and juveniles in Beaufort Sea: CASES 2002-2004

Sampling expeditions were conducted between September 2002 and 2004 in the southeastern Beaufort sea, onboard the CCGS Radisson, CCGS Amundsen, and CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier icebreakers. Additional sampling of newly-hatched Arctic cod was realized under the ice at two stations on a weekly basis from early February to the end of May 2004. The under-ice sampler consisted of a rectangular metal frame carrying side by side two 6-m long, 1-m2 mouth aperture, square-conical nets with 750 um mesh. This Double Square Net (DSN) was towed at 1 m s-1 between two holes in the ice separated by a distance of 300 m, using a Bombardier BR180® tractor. The DSN deployed under the ice in winter was deployed at least once at all the open-water stations in a double oblique tow down to a depth of 47 ± 8 m (mean ± standard deviation), at a ship speed of 1 m s-1 (2 knots) and a cable angle of 60º on the horizon. The datasets comprise larval and juvenile cod morphometric measurements, hatch dates, growth, and stomach content.

Organization: Amundsen Science